Mililani

a female given name from Hawaiian, of 20th century and later usage

Mililani (a newly developed town on Oahu, Hawaii, United States)


Hiʻilani

hiʻi (“carry in the arms”) + lani (“sky”) = "cherished or praised one".

a female given name from Hawaiian, used since the 20th century


Kaleolani

ka (“the”) + leo (“voice”) + lani (“sky”) = "the heavenly voice".

a male or female given name from Hawaiian, of modern usage


Kailani

kai (“sea”) + lani (“sky”) = "heavenly sea".

a female or (sometimes) male given name from Hawaiian, of modern usage


Kalili

kalili, an endemic Hawaiian violet; also ka (“the”) + lili (“jealousy”).

(dated) a male given name from Hawaiian, borne by ancient chiefs


Kahula

a female or (sometimes) male given name from Hawaiian


Kaʻili

ka (“the”) + ʻili (“skin; pebble”), often a short form of compound given names beginning thus.

a male or female given name from Hawaiian


Kaʻimi

ka (“the”) + ʻimi (“seeker”), often a short form of compound given names beginning thus. Also a plant name from kaʻimi (“Spanish clover”).


Meleana

Borrowed from English Mary Ann and Marianne.


Maka

From maka (“eye; beloved one”), also a short form of compound names containing this word.

a female or (less often) female given name from Hawaiian


Kaleikaumaka

ka (“the”) + lei (“lei”) + kau (“place”) + maka (“eye”) = "the beloved child to be looked upon with love and pride".

a male or (sometimes) female given name from Hawaiian, of modern usage


Laʻakea

From laʻa (“sacredness”) + kea (“white”), literally “sacred things of day”.

af

a male given name from Hawaiian, of modern usage


ʻEhu

From ʻehu (“sea spray; reddish hair”); name of an ancient chief. Also a short form of compound given names containing this word.

a male or (sometimes) female given name from Hawaiian


Kaʻena

ka (“the”) + ʻena (“heat”). Also a short form of compound names beginning thus.

a place name on several Hawaiian islands

(Hawaiian mythology) a name ascribed to a brother of Pele


kālua

→ English: kalua


kālua

(stative, of a rope) to be double-stranded


kālua

(stative) alternative form of ʻālualua (“to be bumpy”)


ʻŌpūnui

ʻōpū (“belly”) + nui (“big”) = "large-bellied"; corpulence was a status symbol in old Hawaii

(historical) a male or female given name from Hawaiian


Māhoe

(rare today) a male or female given name from Hawaiian


Keaka

ke (“the”) + aka (“shadow, reflection”); also shortened from compound given names beginning thus.

a male or female given name from Hawaiian or English, also used as the Hawaiian form of the English Jack


Kaʻanāʻanā

(historical) a female or male given name


Kauhi

(Hawaiian mythology) a demigod chained to a cliff by the goddess Pele

a male or (less commonly) female given name from Hawaiian


Kila

kila (“high, strong”). Also the spoken form of biblical Sila (“Silas”).

(Hawaiian mythology) one of the migrants who sailed from Tahiti to Hawaii; son of Moʻikeha


Māui

(Hawaiian mythology) a trickster god who pushed up the sky and fished up the Hawaiian islands


Moʻo

moʻo (“supernatural water lizard; lineage; legend”). Also short for compound names containing this word.


Keō

Borrowed from English Joe; can also be construed as ke (“the”) + ō (“answer, continuation”), or as a contraction of Keao or Keone in the beginning of compound names.


ʻElisabeta

2012 Baibala Hemolele, Luka 1:5 (tr. KJV Luke 1:5)

There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judaea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abia: and his wife was of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.

I ke au iā Herode ke aliʻi o Iudea, e noho ana kekahi kahuna, ʻo Zakaria kona inoa, no ka papa o ʻAbia; a ʻo kāna wahine, no nā kaikamāhine ia a ʻAʻarona, ʻo ʻElisabeta kona inoa.


ʻElikapeka

Vernacular form of the biblical ʻElisabeta (“Elizabeth”).

a female given name originating from the Bible


Luika

Borrowed from English Louise and Louisa, or from the male name Lewis.

a female or (sometimes) male given name from English


ʻAlika

Borrowed from English Alec and Alex, short forms of Alexander.


Kapika

Vernacular form of the biblical Tabita (“Tabitha”).


Kepola

Vernacular form of the biblical Debora (“Deborah”).


Kalia

kalia (“waited for”), also the name of a native tree of the linden family.


Kaila

kaila (“style”),a loan word from English style; can also be construed as ka (“the”) + ila (“dark birthmark; darkness; seedling”).


Makanui

maka (“eye”) + nui (“big”) = "big eyes".


Nāwai

nā (“the”), plural + wai (“waters”); also a short form of compound given names beginning thus.


makala

From Proto-Polynesian *ma-tala (“untied, undone, open”). By surface analysis, ma- + kala (“loosen”).


Mere

a female given name from English, of 19th century usage


Kalawaiʻa

[ˌkɐ.ləˈʋɐj.ʔə]

[ˌkɐ.ləˈʋɛj.ʔə]


Kaʻaukai

ka (“the”) + ʻau (“travel”) + kai (“sea”) = "the seafarer".


ʻAukai

ʻau (“travel”) + kai (“sea”) = "seafarer".


Kamahiʻai

ka (“the”) + mahi (“farm”) + ʻai (“food”) = "the farmer".


Mahiʻai

mahi (“farm”) + ʻai (“food”) = "farmer".


Kalehua

ka (“the”) + lehua (“lehua flower; expert”).

a female or (less commonly) male given name from Hawaiian

name of ancient surfing areas and other places in Hawaii


Nuʻuanu

From nuʻu (“height”) + anu (“cool”) = "chilly heights".

Nuuanu (a cliff, valley and stream in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States)


Kuilei

kui (“to string”) + lei (“lei”) = "lei stringer". It can also metaphorically mean "one who brings or raises the child".

a female or (sometimes) male given name from Hawaiian

Kuilei (a cliff in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States)


Alapaʻi

Name of an 18th century chief and chiefess.

a male or female given name from Hawaiian


Kini

kini (“multitude”), and short for compound names containing this word. Also the Hawaiian form of English Jane, Jennie and Jean.


Kamala

Spoken form of the biblical Tamara (“Tamar”), though it can also be construed as ka (“the”) + mala (“aching; sour”).

a female given name originating from the Bible [in turn from Hebrew]


kiele

From Proto-Polynesian *tiale (compare with Maori tīare, Samoan tiale, Tongan siale and Tahitian tiare).


Kiele

kiele (“gardenia; fragrance”). Cognate with the Tahitian name Tiare.


Kaʻuhane

ka (“the”) + ʻuhane (“soul, spirit”). Also a short form of compound names beginning thus.


Kameāloha

ka (“the”) + mea (“thing”) + aloha (“love”) = "the beloved one".

a female or male given name from Hawaiian


Kealani

kea (“white”) + lani (“sky”) = "heavenly whiteness"; can also be construed as ke (“the”) + alani (“seaweed; tree of genus Pelea; moss”).


Kaiwi

ka (“the”) + iwi (“bone”), symbolic of life and old age.

Kaiwi (a channel between Oahu and Molokai, Hawaii, United States)

a male or (sometimes) female given name from Hawaiian


Kahele

ka (“the”) + hele (“to go”), often a short form of compound names beginning thus.


Kahananui

ka (“the”) + hana (“work”) + nui (“big”) = "the great work, the hard job".

Kahananui (a gulch on Molokai, Hawaii, United States)


Kapule

ka (“the”) + pule (“prayer; magic”). Also a short form of compound names beginning thus.

a female or male given name from Hawaiian, e.g. of a 19th century chiefess of Kauai


Kamapuaʻa

Compound of kama (“man”) + puaʻa (“pig”), literally “pig man”

com+

(Hawaiian mythology) a lecherous demigod with pig and human form


Kimona

Vernacular form of the biblical Simona (“Simon”).

a male given name originating from the Bible


Makia

Vernacular form of the biblical Matia (“Matthias”).


Palakiko

Borrowed from Portuguese Francisco and Spanish Francisco. Also used as an equivalent of English Francis.


ʻApela

Vernacular form of the biblical ʻAbela (“Abel”).


ʻApelahama

Vernacular form of the biblical ʻAberahama (“Abraham”).


ʻEleakala

Vernacular form of the biblical ʻEleazara (“Eleazar”).


Lakalo

Vernacular form of the biblical Lazaro (“Lazarus”).


Pinehaka

Vernacular form of the biblical Pinehasa (“Phinehas”).


ʻEkela

a male given name originating from the Bible, vernacular form of the biblical ʻEzera (“Ezra”)


Loika

Vernacular form of the biblical Loisa (“Lois”).

a female given name originating from the Bible


Kelupaina

Vernacular form of the biblical Terupaina (“Tryphena”).


Kipola

Vernacular form of the biblical Zipora (“Zipporah”).


Pelekila

Contraction of the biblical Perisekila (“Priscilla”).


Koleka

Vernacular form of the biblical Doreka (“Dorcas”).


Kikilia

Sicily (the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)

a female given name from English Cecilia


Palapala

Borrowed from English Barbara, possibly also from Hawaiian palapala (“writing”).


Palani

France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


ʻAkela

a male given name originating from the Bible, spoken form of the biblical ʻAsera (“Asher”)


Peniʻamina

a male given name originating from the Bible, spoken form of the biblical Beniamina (“Benjamin”)


Lewi

Spoken form of the biblical Levi (“Levi”).


Isaʻaka

(biblical) Isaac (in old versions of the Bible)


Malaki

Ultimately from Hebrew מַלְאָכִי (mal'achi).


Hekekia

Vernacular form of the biblical Hezekia (“Hezekiah”).


Kapeliela

Vernacular form of the biblical Gaberiela (“Gabriel”).


ʻĀʻālona

Vernacular form of the Hawaiian biblical ʻAʻarona (“Aaron”).

a male given name originating from the Bible, equivalent to English Aaron


ʻIkaʻaka

Vernacular form of the biblical ʻIsaʻaka (“Isaac”).


Ioʻela

2012 Baibala Hemolele, Ioʻela 1:1 (tr. KJV Joel 1:1)

The word of the LORD that came to Joel the son of Pethuel.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo a Iēhova iā Ioʻela ke keiki a Petuʻela.

Joel (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


ʻApikaʻila

Vernacular form of the Hawaiian biblical ʻAbigaila (“Abigail”).


Kukana

Vernacular form of the biblical Susana (“Susanna”).


ʻAikake

Borrowed from English Isaac, ultimately from Hebrew ִיִצְחָק (Yiṣḥaq).


Loka

a male given name originating from the Bible, the spoken form of biblical Lota (“Lot”)

a female given name from English, derived from English Rosa


Kolokea

kolo (“to creep”) + kea (“white”) = "white creeping (mist)".

Kolokea (a valley on island of Kauai, Hawaii, United States)

a female given name from Hawaiian, also used as a spoken form of the English Dorothy


Kalai

Spoken form of the biblical Sarai (“Sarai”).


Kapalakiko

San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


ʻAukake

Borrowed from English August (as a month and a given name).


uahi

Contraction of auahi from Proto-Eastern Polynesian *ahuafi from Proto-Polynesian *qasu-afi corresponding to au ahi – compare with Maori auahi and Tahitian auahi.


alanui

Compound of ala (“path, trail”) + nui (“big, great”)..


moʻo

From Proto-Polynesian *moko (compare with Maori moko) from Proto-Oceanic *mogko (compare with Fijian moko)


hoʻōla

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + ola (“to live”)


Luana

Borrowed from English Luana. Made known in Hawaii by the play (1912) and film (1932) Bird of Paradise and later explained as Hawaiian luana (“leisure”).


kae

From Proto-Polynesian *taqe (compare with Maori tae, Samoan tae and Tongan taʻe), from Proto-Oceanic *taqe (compare with Fijian de), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqi (compare with Malay tahi, Tagalog tae).


kae

(stative) scorned, treated with contempt


ʻEsetonia

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


Malaia

(historical) Malaya (a peninsula and geographic region of Southeast Asia constituting the southern part of the Malay Peninsula and several nearby islands, currently forming the western part of Malaysia; now known as West Malaysia or Peninsular Malaysia)

(historical) Malaya (a group of former British colonies and protectorates in Southeast Asia, existing on the southern part of the Malay Peninsula from 1826 to 1957, excepting the period of Japanese occupation during World War II; in full, British Malaya)

Federation of Malaya
Federation of Malaya#English

(historical) Malaya (a former colony and later a former independent country in Southeast Asia, existing on the southern part of the Malay Peninsula from 1948 to 1963; independent from 1957 and merged in 1963 with the territories of East Malaysia, forming modern Malaysia; in full, Federation of Malaya)


Malaia

ʻōlelo Malaia


hanini

From ha- (causative prefix) + nini (“to spill”).


ʻohana

From Proto-Polynesian *kofa-ŋa (“nest”), equivalent to ʻohā (“taro corm growing from the older root”) + -na (nominalizing suffix). Cognate with Maori kōhanga (“nest”), Rarotongan koʻanga (“nest”), Samoan ōfaga (“nest”), Tahitian ofaaraa (“nest”).

suffix

ʻohana holoʻokoʻa

ʻohana nui


ʻohana

(intransitive) to gather for family prayers


kesa

The name of the Latin-script letter X/x.


wehe

(transitive) to open; undo; take off; pull apart


kope

From English coffee, from Dutch koffie (“coffee”), from Italian caffè (“coffee”), from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve, “coffee”), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee, a brew”).


humuhumunukunukuāpuaʻa

Compound of humuhumu (“triggerfish”) + nuku (“snout”) + nuku (“blunt”) + ā (conjunction between two adjectives) + puaʻa (“pig; pig-like”) = “triggerfish with a snout that is blunt and pig-like”.

com+

Ko ia nei heleāiʻa akula nō ia ma ke kino humuhumunukunukuapuaʻa a hiki kēia i Molokaʻi.

1998, He Moʻolelo No Kamapuaʻa, G.W. Kahiolo, page 15:

He swam away very quickly in his fish form as a reef triggerfish until he finally reached Molokai.


kaha

From Proto-Polynesian *tafa (“cut lengthwise, slice, incise”), from Proto-Oceanic *tapa(s) (“cut into, incise” – compare with Maori tapa ~ tapahi “to chop, to reap (of wheat and other grains), to amputate (of limbs)”, Fijian tava “to cut with a knife, to castrate”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tabas (compare with Malay tebas “to slash or cut down grasses, small plants”, Tagalog tabas “to cut fabric, paper”).


kaha

From Proto-Polynesian *tafa (“side, edge”), from Proto-Eastern Oceanic *tapa- "side, outside". Cognates include Rapa Nui taha (“side”), Maori taha (“side, edge”), and Samoan tafa (“side of a hill”).


kaha

From Proto-Polynesian *tafa (“soar”), from Proto-Oceanic *tap(w)a- (“glide, soar”). Cognate with Maori tataha (“swerve”).


palai

From Proto-Polynesian *palai (“a yam”), from Proto-Oceanic *balai (“wild yam”). Cognate with Tahitian parai (“a species of yam”).

Microlepia setosa, a native fern placed on the altar of Laka, goddess of the hula.


teia

O Hawaii teia.


kukui

From Proto-Oceanic *tuRi-tuRi (cognate with Tahitian tutuʻi, Tongan tuitui and Fijian tuitui). Sense of light comes from the nut's oily properties sought after as a source of fuel for torches made by skewered nuts, probably influenced by kui (“to strung”).

Aleurites moluccana, the candlenut tree and fruit


piko

From Proto-Polynesian *pito (cognate with Maori pito, Rarotongan pito, Tahitian pito, Tongan pito and Samoan pito), from Proto-Oceanic *bʷito

summit or peak of hill or mountain, crest or crown of the head, thatch of door


mahi

From Proto-Polynesian *mafi (“strong, powerful, energetic, hardworking”).


ū

From Proto-Polynesian *susu (compare Maori ū, Tongan huhu) from Proto-Oceanic *susu (compare with Fijian sucu), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susu (compare with Malay susu), from Proto-Austronesian *susu (compare with Tagalog suso).


ū

From Proto-Polynesian *su. Compare Tongan hū.


uku

From Proto-Polynesian *utu, from Proto-Oceanic *utuŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *utuŋ (compare Maori utu, Malay untung).

payment, reward, prize, commission, compensation


aniani

Variant of aliali reduplicated from ali from Proto-Polynesian *qali₁ (compare with Maori ariari “visible” and ari “clear, visible”; Tahitian ariari “clear, transparent”; Samoan aliali “to appear”)


aniani

Reduplication of ani from Proto-Polynesian *aŋi₁ (compare with Maori āngi “light air, breeze”, Samoan agi “to blow [of wind]”, Tongan angi “ibid.”) from Proto-Oceanic *aŋin (compare with Fijian cagi “wind”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haŋin (compare with Malay angin, Tagalog hangin)


pāʻina

The -na element is a common nominalizing suffix, although there is no corresponding verb *pāʻi.


ho-

(before an okina followed by long vowel) synonym of hoʻo-


paniolo

→ English: paniolo

From Paniolo, since Spaniards were the first people to raise cattle in Hawaii.


miki

From Proto-Polynesian *miti (“suck, lick up”), from Proto-Oceanic *miti (“suck; make a sucking sound”).

inh

nalu miki


māua

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *ma-ua. Cognates include Maori māua and Tokelauan māua.

we (he/she and I, but not you)


kole

From Proto-Polynesian *tole (“female genitalia”).


hili

From Proto-Polynesian *firi (compare with Maori whiri (“to plait, to twist, to weave”), Tahitian firi (“to plait”) and ‘ōfiri (“to wrap around”), Tongan fili and Samoan fili), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *piliN (compare with Malay pilin).

cog

Ka hili ʻana i ka lauoho.


wae

From Proto-Polynesian *waqe (“leg” – compare with Maori wae, Tahitian vae and Tahitian ʻāvae, Tongan vaʻe). from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *waqay from Proto-Austronesian *waqay.


wae

From Proto-Polynesian *wase (“to divide, separate” – compare with Maori wae, Tahitian vae, Tongan vae, Samoan vae), from Proto-Oceanic *wase (compare with Fijian vase)


Malaisia

ʻōlelo Malaisia


ʻōlelo

Either from:
* alelo, from Proto-Polynesian *qalelo (cognate with Maori arero), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *deləq (compare Kiput deleiʔ), doublet of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (compare Tagalog dila, Malay lidah).
* Proto-Polynesian *kolelo thus cognate with Maori kōrero.


kahakō

(orthography) A macron, which when written over a vowel indicates that the vowel is long.


aloha awakea

[əˈho.lə ˌɐ.ʋəˈkɛ.jə]


ʻoe

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu. Compare Indonesian kau, Tagalog ikaw.


Oʻahu

→ English: Oahu, Oʻahu

Oahu (an island of Hawaii, United States)


mākaukau

From Proto-Polynesian *ma(a)taqu, from Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqu, from Proto-Austronesian *Caqu.

competence, proficiency, efficiency, aptitude, preparation


kuene

to lay out, to put in order, to supervise


ʻāwīwī

[ʔaː.ʋiːˈʋiː]


waiwai

Possibly a reduplication of wai (“fresh water”); more likely, a reduplication of wai, a rare form of waiho (“to leave, deposit”).


lāhui

race, nation, tribe, people, nationality


lāhui

(intransitive) to assemble, gather together

(transitive) to prohibit, forbid, lay a taboo, proclaim a law


paʻakai

O ka paʻakai kekahi mea e pono ai he mea e ʻono ʻai ka iʻa a me ke koekoe o ka paina ana...

1903, David Malo, Moʻolelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Antiquities):

Salt was a complete item; it was used for [preserving] fish, in [cooking] food, and at meals...


ʻakaʻakai

→ English: akaakai

[ˌʔɐ.kə.ʔəˈkɐj]

[ˌʔɐ.kə.ʔəˈkɛj]

Perhaps from a reduplicated form of Proto-Polynesian *kata (“stem”). The modern sense of "onion" comes from the similar appearance of its tops.

A slender grass once used for thatching houses in Hawaii (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani)


ʻono

From Proto-Central Pacific *kono, likely related to ʻona and māʻona from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kona₂ from Proto-Polynesian *maa-kona (compare with Rarotongan kona “tasty, delicious, satiated”, Maori mākona “satisfied, content”)


malama

From ma- (stative preffix) + lama (“torch, light, lamp”).


ʻehu

From Proto-Polynesian *efu (“ashes, dust”) (compare with Tongan efu (“dust, human remains”); Samoan efuefu) from Proto-Oceanic *qapu (“hearth”) (compare with Fijian avu) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu (“ash(es)”) (compare with Malay abu (“dust”), Malay habuk (“dust”) plus Tagalog abo). See also lehu for similar reduction.


ʻehu

Derived from Proto-Polynesian *kefu (“light-coloured”) (compare with Maori kehu (“reddish”), Tahitian ʻehu (“reddish, ginger”), Tongan kefu (“brownish”) and Samoan ʻefu (“reddish brown”).

reddish tinge in hair (only of Polynesians)


ahu

From Proto-Polynesian *qafu (“heap; heap up”). Cognate with Maori ahu (“sacred mound”).


niho

From Proto-Polynesian *nifo (compare with Maori niho, Rarotongan niʻo, Tahitian niho, Tongan nifo, Samoan niho) from Proto-Oceanic *nipon from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nipən (compare with Cebuano ngipon, Tagalog ngipin)


noho

From Proto-Polynesian *nofo. For sense of residing/dwelling, compare with also Malay duduk (“to sit” and “to live/reside”) and Tagalog luklok (“to sit” and “to take office/chair”).


noho

(transitive) to reside, dwell, inhabit, occupy (land)


henua

From Proto-Polynesian *fenua. Cognates include Tahitian fenua and Maori whenua. Doublet of honua.


hinu

From Proto-Polynesian *sinu (compare with Maori hinu, Rarotongan ʻinu, Tahitian hinu and Tongan huni) from Proto-Oceanic *sinu (compare with Fijian sinu).


hiʻu

From Proto-Polynesian *siku (“extremity, tail, end”) (compare with Tahitian hiʻu, Maori hiku, Tongan hiku) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siku (“elbow”) (compare with Malay siku, Tagalog siko both “elbow”)


manaʻo

From Proto-Polynesian *manako (compare with Maori manako “to long for, to desire or want, to like”; Rarotongan manako “to think, to consider”, Tahitian manaʻo “to think, to reflect”, Tongan manako “to desire”)


ʻau

From Proto-Polynesian *kau (compare with Maori kau), from Proto-Oceanic *kayu, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw (compare with Malay kayu), from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.


ʻau

From Proto-Polynesian *kau, from Proto-Oceanic *kaʀu.


ʻino

From Proto-Polynesian *kino (“bad”). Cognate with Maori kino).


ʻino

(stative) foul, rotten, smelly, ugly, of poor quality


ʻina

From Proto-Polynesian *kina (“sea urchin”). Cognate with Maori kina (“sea urchin”).


kāua

kā- + lua (“two”). Compare *kā-kolu > kākou for a similar loss of l.

we (you and I only)


kākou

kā- + kolu (“three”). Compare *kā-lua > kāua for a similar loss of l.

we (we including you)


mākou

mā- (exclusiveness in first-person dual and plural pronouns) + kolu (“three”)

compound

we (we, but not you)


ʻoukou

second person plural; you (three or more)


lāua

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *la-ua. Cognate with Tokelauan 'lāua, and Samoan lā'ua, Rapa Nui raua and Maori rāua.


ʻohe

From Proto-Polynesian *kofe. Compare Maori kohe, Rarotongan ko'e, Samoan ʻofe.

any of a number of plants in Hawaii resembling the bamboo


ʻawapuhi

From Proto-Polynesian *kava-pusi (compare with Samoan 'avapuhi and Maori kōpī (“Corynocarpus laevigatus”)) from Proto-Polynesian *kawa. Doublet of ʻawa, ʻawaʻawa, and ʻōpuhi.

Zingiber zerumbet
Zingiber zerumbet#Translingual


Lāpule

Compound of lā (“day”) + pule (“prayer”)

com+

days of the week: nā lā o ka pule: Lāpule · Pōʻakahi · Pōʻalua · Pōʻakolu · Pōʻahā · Pōʻalima · Pōʻaono [edit]


Pōʻakahi

Compound of pō (“day”) + ʻakahi (“first”). Compare with Maori Rātahi and Iban Hari Satu.


Pōʻalua

Compound of pō (“day”) + ʻalua (“second”). Compare with Maori Rārua and Iban Hari Dua.


Pōʻakolu

Compound of pō (“day”) + ʻakolu (“third”). Compare with Maori Rātoru and Iban Hari Tiga.


Pōʻahā

Compound of pō (“day”) + ʻahā (“fourth”). Compare with Maori Rāwhā and Iban Hari Empat.


Pōʻalima

Compound of pō (“day”) + ʻalima (“fifth”). Compare with Maori Rārima and Iban Hari Lima.


Pōʻaono

Compound of pō (“day”) + ʻaono (“sixth”)


lalo

From Proto-Polynesian *lalo (compare with Maori raro), from Proto-Oceanic *ralom, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm (compare with Malay dalam), from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.


ʻole

noʻonoʻo (“thought”) + ʻole → noʻonoʻo ʻole (“thoughtless”)

aloha (“love”) + ʻole → aloha ʻole (“pitiless, merciless”)

lele (“to fly”) + ʻole → lele ʻole (“flightless”)

mea (“thing”) + ʻole → mea ʻole (“inconsequential”)

-less (negates a preceding verb or noun)


hauhau

From Proto-Polynesian *faufau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahu (“odor, stench”).


aliʻi

→ English: ali'i


ʻape

From Proto-Polynesian *kape (compare with Rarotongan ʻape, Tongan kape). Maybe related to ʻāpiʻi, another name for the Alocasia species meaning “curly”.

a large-leafed plant in the Araceae, related to taro, Alocasia macrorrhiza


ʻulu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuluʀ. Cognate with Maori kuru, Samoan 'ulu, Malay kulur.


heʻe

From Proto-Polynesian *feke. Cognate with Maori wheke, Rapa Nui hehe, Samoan fe'e, Tongan feke.


heʻe

From Proto-Polynesian *seke (compare with Tongan heke (“slippery, to slide”); Tahitian heʻe and paheʻe (“to slide”); Maori heke (“to descend, to drip”)).


puaʻa

(obsolete) a general name for any introduced quadruped

Mehe ao puaʻa lā, ke aloha e kau nei.

Like a cloud resting on the mountain is the love alighting here.

banks of fog or clouds, often as gathered over a mountain summit, a sign of rain and believed to be the cloud forms of Kamapuaʻa


wauke

The paper mulberry, Broussonetia papyifera, used to make kapa


kī

Cordyline fruticosa
Cordyline fruticosa#Translingual


hīnano

The fragrant male flower of the pandanus


hiwa

From Proto-Central Eastern Polynesian *siwa "black". Cognate with Maori hiwa.


koʻu

my first person singular possessive, o-type


kaʻu

From Proto-Polynesian *taʻaku. Compare Maori taku.

my first person singular possessive, a-form


kāu

your second person singular possessive, a-form


kuʻu

(endearing) my first person singular possessive, both o- and a-type


kuʻu

From Proto-Polynesian *tuku (“let go, release”). Cognate with Maori tuku (“let go”), Tongan tuku (“to hand over”).


kāna

his, her, its third person singular possessive, a-type


hānai

Related to Rapa Nui 'angai, Tahitian fa'a'amu


hānai

(transitive) to feed, care for, provide for


aʻa

From Proto-Polynesian *aka (compare with Maori aka), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wakaʀ (compare with Malay akar).

hoʻoaʻa

to cause a plant to take root; to take root

aʻa koni

throbbing vein, artery; pulse; throbbing with excitement

(~ koko) blood vessel incl. vein, artery


paʻa

From Proto-Polynesian *paka (“dried, scorched”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋgan.


paʻa

Paʻa ka waha.


poʻe

poʻe wahine – women

ka poʻe wahine – the women

Plural marker, mainly used for nouns describing human beings


maʻa

(stative) accustomed, familiar, experienced


ʻē

From Proto-Polynesian *ee. Cognates include Rapa Nui ꞌēē and Tahitian ʻē.


ʻē

The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.


ʻaʻole

ʻa + ʻole (“not, without, lacking”) (Compare Maori kore (“without, not having”))

aʻole (alternative)
ʻaʻale (alternative)


malolo

From Proto-Polynesian *malolo (“sink down, subside, fall down, collapse”).


paila

E paila kākou i ka iʻa.


ʻekahi

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + kahi (“one”)

af

ʻekahi, ʻelua, ʻekolu


ʻelua

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + lua (“two”)


ʻekolu

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + kolu (“three”)


ʻehā

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + hā (“four”)


ʻelima

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + lima (“five”)


ʻeono

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + ono (“six”)


ʻehiku

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + hiku (“seven”)


ʻewalu

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + walu (“eight”)


ʻeiwa

From ʻe- (prefix for creating cardinal numbers) + iwa (“nine”)


bē

The name of the Latin-script letter B/b.


aʻu

From Proto-Polynesian *au, from Proto-Oceanic *(i-)au, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku. Compare Maori aku.

mine, my First person singular possessive, a-type.


aʻu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saku-layaʀ (“swordfish”) or Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saku (“needlefish”)


āu

yours, your Second person singular possessive, a-type.


oʻu

my, mine First person singular possessive, o-type.


naʻu

Naʻu ka puke

Give the book to me. / The book was written by me. (ambiguous)

ʻOka ʻo ia i pā mea ʻai naʻu.


nāu

yours, for you, by you (second person singular)


nāna

for him/her/it; by him/her/it; his, hers, its; whose, for whom, by whom


ʻo

Placed at the beginning of nominative phrases to signify that they are declarative


aeʻo

A species of stilt (bird) native to Hawaii, Himantopus knudseni


kukuluaeʻo

A species of stilt (bird) native to Hawaii (Himantopus knudseni)


kāne

From Proto-Polynesian *taqane, from Proto-Central Pacific *taŋwaqane, from Proto-Oceanic *taumʷaqane, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tau (“person, human”) + *maʀuqanay (“male”).


makuahine

Compound of makua (“parent”) + wahine (“woman”)

com+

any female relative of the parents' generation


makua kāne

head

makua kāne (irregular plural mākua kāne)

Compound of makua (“parent”) + kāne (“male”)

com+

any male relative of the parents' generation


holoholona

From holoholo + -ana, from holoholo (“go for a walk”), reduplication of holo (“to run”).


kaikamahine

head

kaikamahine (irregular plural kaikamāhine)


ʻike

From Proto-Polynesian *kite (compare with Maori kite, Tahitian ʻite) from Proto-Oceanic *kita-i suffixed from *kita from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kita (“to see”) (compare with Tagalog kita).


nēnē

From a reduplication of *ŋee (“squealing or screeching sound”). Compare Maori ngē (“screech”).


nēnē

→ English: nene

onom

Imitative


Lānaʻi

Probably from lā (“day”) + naʻi (“conquest”).

Lanai (an island of Hawaii, United States)


Molokaʻi

Molokai (an island of Hawaii, United States)


Niʻihau

Niihau (an island of Hawaii, United States)


Kauaʻi

→ English: Kauai, Kauaʻi

Kauai (an island of Hawaii, United States)


lahi

Reanalysis of lahilahi (compare with Maori rahirahi (“thin”)) from Proto-Polynesian *lafilafi reduplicating *lafi (“paper mulbery cloth”).


tūpuna

Niʻihau form of kūpuna (“grandparents, elders”)


ma-

From Proto-Polynesian *ma- (“stativising prefix”). Compare Maori ma-, Fijian ma-.

inh

ma- + kala (“loosen”, transitive verb) → makala (“loosen”, stative verb)


ma-

ma- + kai (“sea”) → makai (“seaward”)

ma- + hope (“after”) → mahope (“afterwards, later”)

prefixed form of the locative preposition ma


ʻia

Ua ʻike ʻia ke koholā e nā kelamoku.

used after a verb to denote passive voice


iā

Aloha wau iā ʻoe.

object marker of a verb, used before personal pronouns and personal names


iaʻu

Kala mai iaʻu.


poʻo

From Proto-Polynesian *qulu-poko (compare with Tahitian poʻo and Maori upoko) suffixed from *qulu (compare with Maori uru (“head”)), from Proto-Oceanic *qulu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu (compare with Malay hulu, Tagalog ulo) from Proto-Austronesian *quluh (“head”).


wāwae

Cognate with Tahitian 'āvae, Maori waewae, Rapa Nui va'e, and Fijian yava.


ʻōpū

From Proto-Polynesian *kuupoo (“gullet, stomach, belly, guts”), from Proto-Oceanic *kobuŋ (“middle, waist, belly”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəmpuŋ (“abdomen, belly”).


naʻau

From Proto-Polynesian *ŋaakau; compare with Maori ngākau (“bowels, heart”), Tahitian ʻāʻau (“bowels, heart, conscience, soul”), Tongan ngākau (“intestines”) and Samoan gāʻau (“entrails, penis”).


akemāmā

From ake (“liver > any organ”) + māmā (“light; nimble”) in reference to its alveoli – compare with Rarotongan atemāmā and Samoan māmā


pāpālina

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *papa-ariŋa. Equivalent to papa (“flat surface”) + lina (“soft”).


lauoho

Compound of lau (“leaf”) + oho (“hair of the head”) – compare also similar constructions in Tahitian rouru and Tongan louʻulu from Proto-Polynesian *lau-qulu combining *rau “leaf” and *qulu “head”.


ʻili

From Proto-Polynesian *kili (cognate with Maori kiri), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit (compare Malay kulit).


lāʻau

From Proto-Polynesian *raqakau (compare Maori rākau), from Proto-Oceanic *raqan kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqan kahiw (compare Malay dahan kayu).


kaʻa

From Proto-Polynesian *taka (compare with Maori taka (“to fall off, to turn or wind round”), Tahitian taʻa (“to tumble”), Tongan taka (“to wander, to roam”), Samoan taʻa (“to wander, to roam”)).


piʻi

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *piki (“climb, ascend”). Cognate with Maori piki (“ascend”).

inh

(intransitive, figurative) to rise, to climb, to ascend

to travel inland, thus
to rise, to climb, to ascend

(intransitive) to travel inland, thus
(intransitive, figurative) to grow up

(transitive, figurative) to mount, to breed, to fuck

to travel inland, thus
to mount, to breed, to fuck

(intransitive) to experience personally, to feel


piʻi

(stative) alternative form of piʻipiʻi: curly


piʻi

(stative) alternative form of pipiʻi: expensive


piʻi

a triangular piece of fabric used in a holoku or trouser leg to add width


kaumaha

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *tau-mafa (“heavy”).


kaumaha

From Proto-Polynesian *taumafa (“offering to the gods”). Cognate with Niuean taumafa (“eat [honorific term]”).


kaumaha

(transitive) to sacrifice, to make an offering of


pōpoki

Ua ʻai ka pōpoki i ka ʻiole.


ʻiole

From Proto-Polynesian *kiole. Cognate with Maori kiore.

Ua ʻai ka pōpoki i ka ʻiole.

rat, mouse; (especially) the Polynesian rat


hikina

Compound of hiki (“to come, to arrive, to reach a place”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).

affix

nominalizing suffix; compare English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">-ing</i>

east (possibly in reference to the arrival of the sun at the start of a new day)


komohana

Compound of komo (“to enter”) + -hana (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


maopopo

Ua maopopo ka haʻawina iaʻu


hoʻomaopopo

Ua hoʻomaopopo au i ka haʻawina


ʻelemakule

head

ʻelemakule (irregular plural ʻelemākule)


lomi

From Proto-Polynesian *lomi (“squeeze, massage, press down on”).

der

(transitive) to press on, squeeze, knead, massage


kenekoa

Borrowed from English senator, from Latin senātor.


he niho

Literally "has teeth" or "has claws"; compare metaphorical uses of bite in English.


wehewehe

(transitive) to open something up or pull two things apart


uli

From Proto-Polynesian *quli (“black, dark in colour”). Cognate with Maori uri (“dark-coloured”), Tahitian uri (“blackish, discoloured”).

inh

having any dark color (blue, green, black, etc.)

uli ka maka


uli

From Proto-Polynesian *quli (“to steer a vessel”), from Proto-Oceanic *quliñ (“to steer; rudder”).


nalo

From Proto-Polynesian *laŋo “houseflies, bees, wasps” by metathesis (compare with Maori ngaro and rango, Tongan lango, Samoan lago) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋaw (compare with Malay langau “horsefly”, Tagalog langaw “fly”).
Sense of bee is extension, compare also with connection between Maori ngaro and ngaro huruhuru for similar semantic overlap.


peʻa

From Proto-Polynesian *peka (compare Maori peka, Samoan pe'a) from Proto-Oceanic, variously reconstructed as *bʷeka, *beŋka or *pʷeka (compare with Fijian beka).


ieta

The name of the Latin-script letter Y/y.


ʻana

A rough, sandpapery substance (pumice or Leiodermatium sponges)


ʻana

Follows a verb to make it into a verbal noun that functions like a gerund


ʻā

From Proto-Polynesian *kaha (“to burn”). Cognates include Rapa Nui kā and Maori kā.


ʻā

(transitive) to dare (someone to do something)


ʻā

booby (any one of several species indigenous to Hawaii)


ʻā

The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.


ʻī

The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.


ʻō

From Proto-Polynesian *koho (compare with Maori kō and Samoan ʻoso) from Proto-Oceanic *kojom (“husking stick”). Doublet of ʻōʻō.

special planted stick for husking coconuts

The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.


ʻū

The name of the Latin-script letter U/u.


mū

The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.


nū

The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.


wē

The name of the Latin-script letter W/w.


sē

The name of the Latin-script letter C/c.


wī

From Proto-Polynesian *wii (cognate with Rarotongan vī, Tahitian vī, Samoan vī, Tongan vī and Fijian wi) from Proto-Central Pacific *wii from Proto-Oceanic *quʀis.

Spondias dulcis
Spondias dulcis#Translingual

Spondias dulcis, ambarella or Otaheite apple


wī

The name of the Latin-script letter V/v.


Kalikimaka

Borrowed from English Christmas, and adapted to Hawaiian phonotactics.


hauʻoli

From hau (“temperament (in compounds)”) + ʻoli (“joy”).


ʻaina

From Proto-Polynesian *kaiŋa (“meal, feast”). By surface analysis, ʻai (“eat”) + -na (noun-forming suffix).


ʻaina

From ʻai (“to eat”) + -na (passive suffix).


ʻaina awakea

[ˈʔɐj.nə ˌɐ.ʋəˈkɛ.jə]

[ˈʔɛj.nə ˌɐ.ʋəˈkɛ.jə]

Compound of ʻaina (“meal”) + awakea (“midday, noon”).


ʻaina ahiahi

Compound of ʻaina (“meal”) + ahiahi (“evening”).


ʻanakala

(endearing) uncle (term of address for an older man)


ʻanakē

auntie (affectionate term for an older woman)


kūkae

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tuutaqe (compare Maori tūtae “excrement, dung, feces”) ultimately from Proto-Polynesian *taqe.

kūkaenalo: beeswax

kūkaehao: rust


a i ʻole

From a (“and”) + i (“if”) + ʻole (“not”).


palapala

document (any official or original paper)


ʻapōpō

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *a-popo from Proto-Oceanic *qa-boŋi-boŋi (cognates with Rapa Nui āpō, Maori āpōpō, Tahitian apopo and Tongan apō) affixing *boŋi-boŋi (“early morning”) (cognates with Samoan pogipogi (“dawn, dusk, twilight”) and Tongan pongipongi (“morning”)) reduplicate of *boŋi thus doublet of pō – see there for more details.


manaʻolana

From manaʻo (“to think”) + -lana (nominalizing suffix).


nalu

From Proto-Polynesian *ŋalu (“mounting wave, ocean wave”) (compare with Maori ngaru, Tahitian ʻaru, Tongan ngalu, Samoan galu), from Proto-Oceanic *ŋalun (“mountain wave”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalun (“long rolling wave; swell”) (compare with Malay alun, Tagalog álon).


kuahiwi

From Proto-Polynesian *tuqa-siwi (“ridge of a mountain”), from *tuqa (“back”) and *siwi (“ridge of hill”). By surface analysis, kua (“back”) + hiwi (“ridge”). Cognate with Maori tuahiwi.


pueo

Hawaiian owl (Asio flammeus sandwichiensis)


pōhaku

From Proto-Central Polynesian *poo-fatu.


koholā

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *tafolaqa. Cognate with Futuna-Aniwa tafora, Kwamera tɨfra.


akula

Compound of aku (“away from the speaker”) + lā (“there, then”).


hoʻi

Used to intensify the preceding word or phrase: indeed, just; also, too, besides; possibly


hoʻi

(intransitive) to return (go or come back)


ʻauʻau

From Proto-Polynesian *kau-kau. Cognates include Maori kaukau and Tokelauan kaukau.


aʻo

aʻo mai

aʻo aku


aʻo

(poetic) subject marker (replacing ʻo in poetry)


aʻo

(poetic) of, belonging to (o-possessive, replacing of o in poetry)


kūʻai

Compound of kū (“stand”) + ʻai (“food”).

kūʻai mai

kūʻai aku


lānai

English: lanai


ʻōpeʻapeʻa

Reduplication of peʻa; compare also with Maori pekapeka “bat esp. species Mystacina tuberculata”

Lasiurus semotus, a Hawaiian bat (endemic to the Hawaiian Islands)


makaʻu

From Proto-Polynesian *mataku, from Proto-Oceanic *matakut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *matakut, from Proto-Austronesian *matakut. Cognate with Maori mataku, Fijian mataku, Tokelauan mataku.


ʻumikūmākahi

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + kahi (“one”).


ʻumikūmālua

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + lua (“two”).


ʻumikūmākolu

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + kolu (“three”).


ʻumikūmāhā

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + hā (“four”).


ʻumikūmālima

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + lima (“five”).


ʻumikūmāono

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + ono (“six”).


ʻumikūmāhiku

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + hiku (“seven”).


ʻumikūmāwalu

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + walu (“eight”).


ʻumikūmāiwa

From ʻumi (“ten”) + -kūmā- (ligative infix) + iwa (“nine”).


haneli

Borrowed from English hundred, from Middle English hundred, Old English hundred, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą, from *hundą (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm) + *radą (“count”).

hanele (alternative)
haneri (alternative)


ʻano

From Proto-Polynesian *kano (compare Maori kano, Tahitian ʻaʻano and Tongan kano), from Proto-Oceanic *kanon (“flesh; kernel”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kan-ən from Proto-Austronesian *kaən-an (“food, cooked rice”) from Proto-Austronesian *kaən (“to eat”) (thus doublet of ʻai). Also a doublet of ʻanoʻano.


ʻano

(stative, modifying the following word) somewhat, rather


hānau

From Proto-Polynesian *fanau. Cognates include Tokelauan fānau and Maori whānau.


ʻĀkia

Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)


ʻĀkia

(stative) Asian; Asiatic (of, from or relating to Asia)


ʻEulopa

Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)

(astronomy) Europa (52 Europa, a main belt asteroid; not to be confused with the Jovian moon)

European (native or inhabitant of Europe)


ʻEulopa

(stative) European (of, from or relating to Europe)


ʻAmelika

America, the Americas (a supercontinent consisting of North America, Central America and South America regarded as a whole; in full, the Americas)

United States of America
United States of America#English

America, United States of America (a country in North America; in full, United States of America)

American (native or inhabitant of the United States)


ʻAmelika

(stative) American (of, from or relating to the United States)


ʻAmelika ʻĀkau

North America
North America#English:_Q49

North America (the continent forming the northern part of the Americas)

North American (native or inhabitant of North America)


ʻAmelika Hema

South America
South America#English:_Q18

South America (the continent forming the southern part of the Americas)

South American (native or inhabitant of South American)


ʻAmelika Hema

(stative) South American (of, from or relating to South American)


ʻApelika

Africa (the continent south of Europe and between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans)

African (native or inhabitant of Africa)


ʻApelika

(stative) African (of, from or relating to Africa)


ʻAmelika Hui

United States of America
United States of America


Lūkia

Lukia (alternative)
Rusia (alternative)
Rūsia (alternative)

Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Iāpana

Japan (a country and archipelago of East Asia)

Japanese (native or inhabitant of Japan)


ʻĀina Pilipino

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


ʻEnelani

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Kōlea

Korea (a geographic region consisting of two countries in East Asia, commonly known as South Korea and North Korea; formerly a single country)

Korean Peninsula
Korean Peninsula#English

Korea (a peninsula in East Asia, containing the countries of North Korea and South Korea; in full, Korean Peninsula)


Kōlea

Korean (native or inhabitant of either North Korea or South Korea)


Kōlea

(stative) Korean (of, from or relating to either North Korea or South Korea)


Kōlea Hema

South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula)


Kōlea ʻĀkau

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)


ʻĀina Hau

Compound of ʻāina + hau. Literally, “the land of ice”. Calque of English Iceland.

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

Iceland (an island and country in the North Atlantic Ocean in Europe)


Kelemānia

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Sepania

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


mātua

Ua hele na mātua i ta hale.


Kuekene

Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Nolewai

Norway (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


ʻIlelani

Ireland (an island and country in northwestern Europe)


Kekokia

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Kuikilani

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Kuleke

Southeastern Europe
Southeastern Europe#English

Turkey (a country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia)


Pelekiuma

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


ʻIlana

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Tailani

ʻōlelo Tailani


Honokaona

Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Nuioka

New York, New York City (the largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey)


Wakinekona

Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.#English

Washington, Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)

Washington State
Washington State#English

Washington, Washington State (a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States)

A respelling of the English surname Washington


Palika

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Lākana

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)


ʻAmelika Huipūʻia

ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻia (alternative)
ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (alternative)

United States of America (a country in North America)


ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻia

ʻAmelika Huipūʻia
ʻAmelika Huipūʻia#Hawaiian

alternative spelling of ʻAmelika Huipūʻia


Aupuni Mōʻī Hui Pū ʻia

United Kingdom
United Kingdom#English:_Q145

United Kingdom (a kingdom and country in Northern Europe)


ʻInidonesia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


ʻIlaka

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


ʻAikupika

Aigupita (alternative)
ʻAikupita (alternative)

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


ʻAikupika

(stative) Egyptian (of, from or relating to Egypt)


ʻApelika Hema

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Naigeria

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Palakila

Brazil (a large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Wēlau ʻĀkau

[ʋeːˈlɐw ʔaːˈkɐw]

[ʋeːˈlɔw ʔaːˈkɔw]


Romānia

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Pulukalia

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Lakawia

Latvia (a country in northeastern Europe)


Keokia

Georgia (a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Pokoliko

Puerto Rico (a commonwealth, island and dependent territory of the United States in the Caribbean)


Nukilani

New Zealand (a country and archipelago of Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Kāmoa

Borrowed from Samoan Sāmoa. Doublet of Haʻamoa.

Samoa (a country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


mōʻī

David Malo's Hawaiian Antiquities details it as a “temple image/idol” (kiʻi), further glossed as “lord (mana) of images/idols (kiʻi)” thus probably a product of semantic shift; other theories include from a Proto-Polynesian root (e.g. *maa-qoki “true” – compare with Samoan moʻi).

mōʻī kāne: king

mōʻī wahine: queen (regnant)


aupuni

he hana aupuni


uila

From Proto-Polynesian *quhila (compare with Maori uira and Tahitian uira, Tongan ʻuhila, Samoan uila), from Proto-Oceanic *qusila (compare with Fijian cila (“to shine”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *silaq (“outpouring or beam of light”) related to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qusilak (“lightning”). Compare with Maori uira and Tahitian uira, Tongan ʻuhila, plus Maori hiko for semantic extension into "electricity".


haʻawina

[ˌhɐ.ʔəˈʋi.nə]

Compound of hāʻawi (“to give”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


mālama

(transitive) to care for, preserve, protect


aʻe

any of several native Hawaiian trees (Sapindus spp., Zanthoxylum spp.)


aʻela

ʻĪ aʻela ʻo ia


ʻōiwi

Derivative of iwi (“bone”). Compare kulāiwi (“homeland”), similarly derived.


poe

From Proto-Polynesian *poe (“pearl”) (compare with Tahitian poe (“pearl”))


Pīkī

Borrowed from English Fiji, from Fijian Viti Levu (“Great Fiji”).

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Pīkī

Borrowed from English P. G., compare Pi Gi.

Provisional Government of Hawaii (1893-1894)


ʻUkelena

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Pelekāne

ʻōlelo Pelekane — English language


Pelekānia

ʻōlelo Pelekānia


Kepanī

ʻōlelo Kepanī — Japanese language


Pākē

Borrowed from Cantonese 伯爺 /伯爷 (baak3 je1, “(other's) father; term of address for a man”).


Pākē

ʻōlelo Pākē

ʻĀina Pākē


mau loa

(stative) eternal, everlasting, forever, endless


pona

From Proto-Polynesian *pona (compare with Maori pona, Rarotongan pona, Tahitian pona). Compare with Malay buku and Tagalog buko (themselves cognate of puʻu) for similar semantic developments within the same family.


ʻahi

→ English: ahi

From Proto-Polynesian *kasi. Compare Tuvaluan kasi and Rapa Nui kahi.

Thunnus albacares
Thunnus albacares#Translingual


Polenekia

Polynesia (a continental region of Oceania, including Easter Island, Hawaii, New Zealand, and most of the islands between them)


Paniolo

⇒ Hawaiian: paniolo
→ English: paniolo


maoli

→ English: Maoli

From Proto-Polynesian *ma(a)qoli (“true, genuine, real”). Compare Maori māori.


kauā

(historical) outcast, member of the ancient Hawaiian slave class


welo

Probably related to Rarotongan reva “to float; flag” and tāreva “to beckon, to wave, to flutter” from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *lewa₁ “to float or be suspended freely” (compare with Maori rewa “to float, to be elevated” and whakarewa “to suspend”, Tahitian reva “sky, lower airspace”).


kuke

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tute (“push (away)”). Cognate with Maori tute (“shove, push”).


ʻĀina ʻŌmaʻomaʻo

ʻāina (“land”) + ʻōmaʻomaʻo (“green”), a calque of English Greenland.

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


ʻeleʻele

[ˌʔɛ.lɛˈʔɛ.lɛ]


ʻulaʻula

Reduplication of ʻula.
Connection between the red colour spectrum and gold metal seems common throughout the Austronesian family – compare with archaic Maori whero, Tagalog bulawan (from bulaw “reddish orange”), and Malagasy volamena (from vola mena, lit. “red silver”).

kālā ʻulaʻula: golden dollar


aka-

From Proto-Central-Eastern Polynesian *ata-. Compare Maori āta.

aka- + noho (“to sit”) → akanoho (“to sit quietly”)

aka- + ʻai (“to eat”) → akaʻai (“to eat slowly”)

prefix to verbs expressing "carefully, slowly"


lālā

From Proto-Polynesian *raqaraqa (“branchy, having branches; small branches”), from *raqa (“branch of tree”).

lālā ʻuʻuku

lālā ʻole


lālā

(intransitive) to branch out, to diverge


pahu

From Proto-Polynesian *pasu₁ (“drum”). Cognate with Tahitian pahu and Maori pahū.


kōkō

Reduplication of kō (“be pregnant; come to pass”).


māmā

From Proto-Polynesian *maqamaqa (compare with Maori māmā, Rarotongan māmā, Tahitian māmā, Tongan maʻamaʻa and Samoan māmā) from Proto-Oceanic *maʀaqan from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-ʀaqan suffixed from *ʀaqan (compare with Cebuano gaán, Tagalog gaan)


auau

to hasten, hurry, rush, excite to action


manini

→ English: manini

→ Cebuano: manini

Acanthurus triostegus, a species of surgeonfish


hō

From Proto-Polynesian *soko₂ (“to exchange”); compare with Maori hoko (“to barter, trade, sell/buy”) and Tahitian hoʻo (“to trade”)


muku

From Proto-Polynesian *mutu (“cut off; ended”), from Proto-Oceanic *muju (“be clipped off”).


hemolele

(stative) holy, immaculate, saintly, pure in heart


ʻiliahi

Compound of ʻili (“bark”) + ahi (“fire”).

(in particular) forest sandalwood (Santalum freycinetianum) (tree and wood)


ʻōhelo papa

ʻōhelo (“Vaccinium reticulatum”) + papa (“plain, flat”)


Akua

Capitalized version of akua (“god”), a calque of English God.

1840, October 8th, 1840 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom
Ua hana mai ke Akua i nā lāhui kānaka a pau i ke koko hoʻokahi, e noho like lākou ma ka honua nei me ke kuʻikahi, a me ka pōmaikaʻi. Ua hāʻawi mai nō ke Akua i kekahi mau waiwai like, no nā kānaka a pau, me nā aliʻi a pau o nā ʻāina a pau loa.

God hath made of one blood all nations of men, to dwell on the face of the earth in unity and blessedness. God has also bestowed certain rights alike on all men, and all chiefs and all people of all lands.

(preceded by definite article) God (Christian)


ʻakaʻaka

[ˌʔɐ.kəˈʔɐ.kə]


ʻakaʻaka

[ˌʔɐ.kəˈʔɐ.kə]


kamani

Calophyllum inophyllum
Calophyllum inophyllum#Translingual

Calophyllum inophyllum, tree with wood used for house and canoe making


maitai

Maitai au.


anilā

Compound of ani (“blow softly”) + lā (“day”)


manawa

From Proto-Polynesian *manawa (compare with Tongan manava and Tahitian manava (both “belly”), Samoan manava (“lower abdomen”)), from Proto-Oceanic *mañawa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *manihawa, from *nihawa (compare with Malay nyawa (“life”), Central Dusun ginawo (“heart”) Tagalog ginhawa (“comfort”)), from Proto-Austronesian *NiSawa (“breath, life force”).

inh

Hāliʻaliʻa mai ke aloha pili paʻa i kuʻu manawa.

Recalling love dwelling firmly in my affections.

Ke hoʻonakulu nei i kuʻu manawa, no kuʻu ipo paha kēia wela.

Causing my heart to pitter-patter, perhaps this warmth is from my lover.

Holoi au i nā pā i nā manawa a pau.


ʻalalā

→ English: alala


nani

Hū, he lā nani kēia.


Laosa

ʻōlelo Laosa


nanahana

Borrowed from Cantonese 銀杏 /银杏 (ngan4 hang6, “ginkgo biloba”).


ʻio

Buteo solitarius
Buteo solitarius#Translingual


kūionoko

Borrowed from Ilocano duyong (“dugong”).


kukukū

Borrowed from Inuvialuktun ᑐᒃᑐ (tuktu, “caribou”).


palānaka

Borrowed from Ilocano palláng (“winged bean”).

A winged bean plant (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)


hoikiuna

Borrowed from Cantonese 海豚 (hoi2 tyun4, “dolphin”).


kanaluna

Borrowed from Cantonese 燈籠／灯笼 (dang1 lung4, “lantern”).


kamakuaka

Borrowed from Cantonese 柑橘 (gam1 gwat1, “kumquat”).


loukuaka

Borrowed from Cantonese 蘆橘／芦橘 (lou4 gwat1, “loquat”).


kaʻaka

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps borrowed from Tahitian taʻata (“person”), from Proto-Polynesian *taŋata, making it a possible doublet of kanaka.

(dated, slang) fellow, chap, person, wretch


nanuka

Borrowed from Inuvialuktun ᓇᓄᖅ (nanuq, “polar bear”).


kupeleko

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κυπάρισσος (kupárissos), probably of some Mediterranean Pre-Greek origin.


naheka

Learned borrowing from Hebrew נָחָשׁ (nakhásh) by Christian missionaries.


kalapuna

Borrowed from Maori tarāpunga and adapted with the appropriate changes should the word have been inherited from Proto-Eastern Polynesian.


naʻokoko

Borrowed from Maori ngakototo with the appropriate changes should the word have been inherited from Proto-Eastern Polynesian.


pīkake

→ English: pikake

From English peacock. Both were associated with Princess Kaʻiulani, so they both came to have the same name.
Cognate with Maori pīkake.

Jasminum sambac
Jasminum sambac#Translingual

Arabian jasmine, Jasminum sambac, an introduced flower used in leis


muʻumuʻu

→ English: muumuu

muumuu (loose-fitting dress, often with sleeves or yoke removed)


Pi Gi

Borrowed from English PG, from the initials of Provisional Government of Hawaii (PG) pronounced using their Hawaiian letter-names.

March 5, 1894, Ka Makaainana
Eia na Pi Gi ke manao nei e hana i kanawai no keia poe.
Eia nā Pi Gi ke manaʻo nei e hana i kānāwai no kēia poʻe.
The PG forces plan to create a new law regarding these people.


lokoʻino

(stative) to act vilely, to deal malevolently, to exhibit a bad disposition

(stative) unmerciful, unkind, ungenerous


maka keleawe

makakeleawe (alternative)
maka-keleawe (alternative)

a horse eye of a whitish color, but with good vision


huaʻōlelo

Compound of hua (“fruit”) + ʻōlelo (“language”).


mokuhonua

Compound of moku (“island, section”) + honua (“Earth, land, world”)


ʻāinapuniʻole

Compound of ʻāina (“land”) + puni (“surrounded”) + ʻole (“not”)


kaumokuʻāina

Compound of kau (plural marker) + mokuʻāina (“state, district, province, island”)


mokuʻāina

moku (“island, section”) + ʻāina (“land”)


kūlanakauhale

Compound of kūlana (“situation”) + kau (“plural marker”) + hale (“house”)


ʻanemoku

ʻane + moku, calque of French presqu'île, itself a calque of Latin paenīnsula.


kūkaepele

From kūkae (“dung”) + Pele (“the volcano goddess Pele”).


puaʻa nui huelo huluhulu

Literally "big quadruped with hairy tail"

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see puaʻa, nui, huelo, huluhulu.


hāmeʻa

From hā- + meʻa (borrowed from Tongan meʻa (“thing, matter, object”), cognate to Hawaiian mea).

Loaʻa kekahi hāmeʻa no ka hoʻāwīwī ʻana i ke paʻi ʻana.

There's a device for speeding up the printing.

device, doohickey, gadget, gizmo, thingamajig


māihi ʻili

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see māihi, ʻili.; to peel off the skin, hind, rind, etc.


māihi ola

by the skin of one's teeth
by the skin of one's teeth


ʻōkolehao

English: okolehao


ʻeʻeʻina

ʻUīʻuī, ʻeʻeʻina ka ʻoneki o lalo

to creak; crackle; grate, as one thing against another


ʻūpā

From Mandarin, ao “to boil”; pa “eight.” Mandarin Luópán. The original compass was made in a bowl, they put mercury in the bowl with a spoon in the mercury. The bowl was marked with eight spots. The handle of the spoon would point to the magnetic direction (Chinese magnetic compass.)
Synonyms
(Cantonese) 羅庚／罗庚
(Min Nan) 羅經／罗经, 干經／干经


hihi

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *fifi (compare with Maori whiwhi “to entangle, to wrap around”, Tahitian fifi “chain”) related to Proto-Oceanic *pisi (compare with Tongan fifi “tangled, intricate, complicated”, Samoan fisi “entwine” and Fijian vici “to bind, to coil”).


tumu

O wai tou tumu?


hoʻo-

From Proto-Polynesian *faka. Cognate to Tahitian haʻa-, Maori whaka-, etc.

hōʻ- (alternative)
hō- (alternative)
hoʻ- (alternative)
ho- (alternative)
haʻa- (alternative)
hā- (alternative)
ha- (alternative)

hoʻo- + malu (“safe”) → hoʻomalu (“to protect, to appease”)

hoʻo- + ākea (“broad”) → hoʻākea (“to broaden”)

hoʻo- + kuli (“to be deaf”) → hoʻokuli (“to feign deafness”)

hoʻo- + mikanele (“missionary”) → hoʻomikanele (“to act like a missionary”)

hoʻo- + manō (“shark”) → hoʻomanō (“to eat ravenously”)

forms verbs that carry the meaning of “acting like”

hoʻo- + kamaliʻi (“children”) → hoʻokamaliʻi (“to be childish”)


Ieremia

Jeremiah (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


Wanuatu

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago of Melanesia in Oceania)


kipi

From Proto-Polynesian *tipi (“cut, slice, slash off”), from Proto-Oceanic *jipi (“sharpen, pare off”).


kipi

(stative) seditious, (attributive) rebel


Nahuma

Nahum (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


Habakuka

Habakkuk (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


ʻōkole

From Proto-Central Eastern Polynesian*koo-tore "anus", from Proto-Polynesian *tole (“female genitalia”). Cognate with Maori kōtore (“anus”).

der

a kind of birthmark (round, black, and raised above the surrounding skin)


Kahului

→ English: Kahului

census-designated place
census-designated place

Kahului (a census-designated place, the county seat of Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


pelapela

(stative) indecent, vulgar, lewd, obscene

(intransitive) to stink, to emit a bad smell


hoʻopelapela

(transitive) to befoul, soil, make dirty or filthy, to pollute


koaea

(stative) dry, lacking juice or succulence, lacking the fluids that characterize food

(stative) dry, unfruitful, bearing no fruit


ʻalani

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis#Translingual


kokomo

Partial reduplication of komo (“to enter”).


Daniʻela

2012 Baibala Hemolele, Daniʻela 6:16 (tr. KJV Daniel 6:16)

Then the king commanded, and they brought Daniel, and cast him into the denne of Lions: now the king spake and saide vnto Daniel; Thy God, whom thou seruest continually, he will deliuer thee.

A kauoha aʻela ke aliʻi, a ua lawe ʻia mai ʻo Daniʻela, a hoʻolei ʻia ihola ʻo ia i loko o ka lua liona. ʻŌlelo maila ke aliʻi iā Daniʻela, ʻī maila, ʻO kou Akua, ka mea āu i hoʻomana mau ai, e hoʻopakele nō ʻo ia iā ʻoe.

Daniel (biblical character; book of the Bible)


Koloatia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


huli

⇒ English: huli-huli chicken

From Proto-Polynesian *fuli (“turn round”) from (compare with Tahitian huri, Maori huri, Samoan fuli, Tongan fuli) from Proto-Oceanic *buliŋ (“to roll”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puliŋ (“to rotate”)


Ioba

Job (biblical character; book of the Bible)


ʻIsaia

Isaiah (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


ʻEzekiʻela

Ezekiel (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


ʻAmosa

Amos (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


ʻObadia

Obadiah (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


Zepania

Zephaniah (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


Hagai

Haggai (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


Zekaria

Zechariah (book of the Bible; biblical prophet)


ʻOihana

Acts of the Apostles
Acts of the Apostles

Acts of the Apostles (book of the Bible)


ʻIsaʻaka

2012 Baibala Hemolele, Kinohi 21:4 (tr. KJV Genesis 21:4)

And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac being eight days old, as God had commanded him.

I ka pō ʻawalu, ʻoki poepoe aʻela ʻo ʻAberahama i kāna keiki iā ʻIsaʻaka e like me kā ke Akua i kauoha mai ai iā ia.


Samuʻela

2012 Baibala Hemolele, 1 Samuʻela 1:20 (tr. KJV 1 Samuel 1:20)

Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the LORD.

A hiki mai ka manawa ma hope o kā Hana hāpai ʻana, hānau maila ia, he keiki kāne, a kapa akula ia i kona inoa ʻo Samuʻela; no ka mea, ua noi aku au iā ia iā Iēhova.


maʻi

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *maki (compare Maori maki, Tahitian maʻi), from Proto-Polynesian *masaki (compare Maori mahaki, East Futuna masaki, Tongan mahaki), from Proto-Oceanic *masakit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakit (compare Tagalog masakit, Malay sakit, Acehnese sakét).


maʻi

A nui aʻela kona maʻi, ʻaʻole koe ka hanu i loko ona.

And his sickness was so serious that there was no breath left in him.


Iosua

2012 Baibala Hemolele: Iosua 11:23 (tr. KJV Joshua 23:11)

So Joshua took the whole land, according to all that the Lord said unto Moses; and Joshua gave it for an inheritance unto Israel according to their divisions by their tribes. And the land rested from war.

Hoʻopio ihola ʻo Iosua i ka ʻāina a pau, e like me nā mea a pau a Iēhova i ʻōlelo mai ai iā Mose. A ʻo ka mea i ili mai na ka ʻIseraʻela, hāʻawi maila ʻo Iosua, ma ko lākou papa, ma loko o ko lākou ʻohana. A hoʻomaha ihola ka ʻāina i ke kaua.

a male given name originating from the Bible, of 19th century usage


mauli

From Proto-Polynesian *maquri (compare with Maori mauri, Samoan mauli, Tongan moʻui) from Proto-Oceanic *maqurip, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudip (compare with Javanese urip, Iban idup and Malay hidup “to live”).

mauli hiwa

Ā lele nui nā mauli o ua poʻe nei.

The spirits of these people have flown away together.


Rāhela

2012 Baibala Hemolele, Kinohi 29:16-18 (tr. KJV Genesis 29:16-18)

And Laban had two daughters: the name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel. Leah was tender eyed; but Rachel was beautiful and well favoured. And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.

ʻElua mau kaikamāhine a Labana, ʻo Lea ka inoa o ka mua, a ʻo Rāhela ka inoa o ka muli iho. He maka wai ko Lea; akā, ua maikaʻi ʻo Rāhela ke nānā aku, a ua maikaʻi kona helehelena. Aloha akula ʻo Iakoba iā Rāhela: ʻī akula ia, E hoʻoikaika aku nō au i kāu hana i nā makahiki ʻehiku no Rāhela, no kāu kaikamahine muli iho.


Mikaʻela

2012 Baibala Hemolele, Daniʻela 12:1 (tr. KJV Daniel 12:1)

And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince that standeth for the children of thy people.

Ia manawa, e kū mai i luna ʻo Mikaʻela, ua aliʻi nui lā, ka mea nāna e kōkua i nā keiki o kou poʻe kānaka;


Peni

a male given name, spoken form of the pet name Ben


Peneki

a male given name, spoken form of the English name Bennett


makau

From Proto-Polynesian *mataqu (“fishhook”). Compare Maori matau, Tahitian matau.


ʻoumuamua

→ English: ʻOumuamua

→ Translingual: Oumuamua

ʻou (“reach out for”) + mua (“first; in advance of”), doubled for emphasis.

com

scout; leader (as in battle or activity); messenger


poʻo lua

Compound of poʻo (“head, father”) + lua (“two”)

com+

partible paternity, a child fathered by other than the husband in a relationship accepted by both husband and sire (this arrangement increased the number of relatives loyal to the child, and was common in the families of chiefs)


ʻohā

From Proto-Polynesian *kofa, from Proto-Oceanic *kopa.


lōkahi

Compound of lō- (prefixing element, possibly deriving from loaʻa (“to obtain, to get”)) + kahi (“one; single”).

compound

prefixing element, possibly deriving from <i class="Latn mention" lang="haw">loaʻa</i> (“to obtain, to get”)


lōkahi

(stative) to be in agreement, to be in harmony, to be unanimous

hoʻolōkahi

to bring about unity, to bring into agreement


lele ka hanu

(literally) for the breath to leave, depart

ua lele ka hanu o ke kane

the man's breath departed, the man passed away


mele maʻi

genital chant (a procreative chant traditionally composed at the birth of a male child)


nalala

Coined by the Hawaiian Lexicon Committee in 2002 as a 'borrowing' (simulating the expected changes had the word been inherited) from the reconstruction Proto-Polynesian *ngarara (“lizard”) (compare Maori ngārara (“lizard”)).


polalauahi

Compound of pola (“flap of a sarong”) + lau (“leaf, sheet, net”) + ahi (“fire”).


polalauahi

(stative) to be voggy: polluted by the presence of volcanic smoke and ash (i.e. in the air)


ʻōmalumalu

From ʻō- (simulative prefix) + malu (“to cover; shade; protection”) with reduplication.


hoʻopio

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + pio (“extinguished”)

to turn off, shut off, shut down (a device)


hoʻopio

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + pio (“captive”)


hoʻā

to turn on, switch on, power on (a device)


hōʻā

(transitive) to burn, set on fire, ignite, alight


hōʻā

(transitive) to drive, herd (animals, fish)


hōʻā

(intransitive) to talk a lot, chatter, blabber


pākaukau

From pā- + kaukau, reduplication of kau (“put, place”). Formerly a long mat on which food was placed.


pāʻani

hoʻopāʻani

to make sport, cause to play, joke, playful

(transitive or intransitive) to play, sport

(stative) to be playful; to be fun, amusing, entertaining


mea pāʻani

Compound of mea (“thing”) + pāʻani (“to play; playful, entertaining, fun”)


hoʻomaʻemaʻe

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + maʻemaʻe (clean).


kinipōpō

ball game, any sport involving chasing after a ball


ʻuala

Cognate with Tongan kumala, Maori kūmara. Hypothesized to be connected to Quechua kumar; see here for further discussion.


pāpale

Either reduplication of pale (“headdress”) or pā (“to ward off”) + pale (“headdress”).


kalaina

Compound of kālai (“to carve”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


aumoe

Proto-Polynesian *aqu-mohe (“fast asleep”), from *aqu (“arrive”) and *mohe (“sleep”).


ʻauinapō

From ʻauina (“slope, decline”) + pō (“night”)


nohea

(stative) to be handsome, pretty, beautiful


Lāhainā

→ English: Lahaina

Lahaina (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


kehena

From English Gehenna (“hell”), which itself comes from the Ancient Greek γέεννα, "hell", from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם, also meaning "hell" or "the valley of Hinnom".


Pōwehi

→ Translingual: Pōwehi

From pō (“unfathomable ceaseless powerful creation”) + wehi (“honorific for crowned nobles”).

Pua ana ke kupa ala leia ke kama nei Kama 'ia i kama'āina ke aloha Aloha Mānoa i ka ua Tuahine Halihali 'ia maila e ka 'olu Kahaukani Kani a'ela ia uka o Kaho'iwai Ia 'āina kaulana i ka ulu lehua Lehua-kea o ka uka la o Naniuapō Pōwehi i ka wai pe'e palai o Waiakeakua […]

2018, K Lipe, “Toward equity and equality: Transforming universities into Indigenous places of learning”, in Reclaiming Indigenous research in higher education:

the generative darkness of creation, from the Hawaiian creation chant Kumulipo


uniona

Borrowed from English union, from Late Latin unionem, from Latin ūnus (“one”).


kīwila

Borrowed from English civil, from Latin cīvīlis (“relating to a citizen”), from Latin cīvis (“citizen”).


kīwila

Hui Kīwila Hawaiʻi


kānāwai

Leaves of the kī (Cordyline fruticosa) plant used in sacred ceremonies, such as packaging for offerings to deities. Often interpreted (folk etymology) as kā + nā + wai “holding waters” or ”of the waters”

Mamuli o ke kānāwai

Nā Kānāwai he ʻUmi

rule, commandment (also used in a religious context)


ʻawa

From Proto-Polynesian *kawa (“bitter ginger; bitter; kava”).

der

kava, a beverage derived from the kava plant


ʻōʻō

English: oo, moho

Latin: moho

Translingual: Moho

oo, the extinct members of the Moho genus of honeyeaters


ʻōʻō

From Proto-Polynesian *koho (compare with Maori kō, Tahitian ʻō and Samoan ʻoso) from Proto-Oceanic *kojom (“stick for husking coconuts”). Doublet of ʻō.


holokū

→ English: holoku

Unknown, but usually explained as a compound of holo (“go”) and kū (“stop”) for various reasons.

Mother Hubbard, a kind of traditional dress

(biblical) Used in translating various loose clothes, e.g. cloak, mantle


holokū

(stative) to be evenly plump, symmetrically stout


lepu

Learned borrowing from Latin lepus, possibly introduced by Catholic missionaries

List of missionaries to Hawaii#Roman Catholic


momona

From Proto-Polynesian *mona (compare with Maori mōmona “fat, soft, sweet”, Tahitian momona and monamona “sweet, tasty, dessert”), from Proto-Oceanic *moñak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *məñak (compare with Malay minyak “oil”). Doublet of mona.

fertility, fecundity, richness (of soil)


hilu

Probably from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *filoa (“emperor fish, emperor bream”). Compare Samoan filoa (“Ambon emperor”), Tokelauan filoa (“long-nosed emperor”).

rainbow wrasse (marine fish of the genus Coris)


hilu

From the belief that women who craved rainbow wrasse in pregnancy would give birth to children with this type of personality.


ʻoka

Ua ʻoka au i ke kuki kokoleka.


nīoi

From Proto-Polynesian *unuoi (“Eugenia reinwardtiana”). Sense of pepper likely came from similarity with the former's bright red fruit.

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

(archaic) Cedar Bay cherry (Eugenia reinwardtiana)


nā lā a pau

Hana ka makua kāne i nā lā a pau.


ʻeke

to cringe, draw away from, shrink from, wince


pahupaʻikiʻi

Compound of pahu (“box”) + paʻi (“to print”) + kiʻi (“picture”)


nahau

Semi-learned borrowing from Fijian gasau simulating inheritance from Proto-Polynesian *ŋasau (cognate with Tongan ngahau).


kimu

From Proto-Polynesian *timu, from Proto-Oceanic *timuʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *timuʀ.


pānakana

From English pandan, from New Latin, from Malay pandan. Doublet of hala.

any plant of the genus Pandanus; the screw pines


ʻaho

From Proto-Polynesian *kaso, from Proto-Oceanic *kaso, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kasaw (“rafter”).


māhū

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *maafuu (“unenergetic, not passionate”). Cognate with Maori māhū (“gentle, easy”), Tahitian māhū.

inh

a person of the third gender, having traditional spiritual and social roles in the cultures of Hawaii and Tahiti


umō

(onomatopoeia) moo, characteristic lowing sound made by cattle.


hoʻowahine

From hoʻo- (“forms verbs that carry the meaning of acting like”) + wahine (“woman”).


māluhiluhi

Reduplication of maluhi (“dull, sleepy”).


haʻupoho

From haʻu (“to puff with wind”) + poho (“to puff out”).


wahīʻeha

[ʋə.hiːˈʔɛ.hə]


pūlale

(intransitive) to hurry, to rush, to hasten


kaʻi

From Proto-Polynesian *taki (“lead, tow, guide”), from Proto-Eastern Oceanic *taki "to lead". Cognate with Maori taki (“to tow”).


helahela

Reduplication of hela (“redness, rawness”).


helahela

Reduplication of hela (“to spread the arms”)


hīʻōʻō

(stative) to be restless, active, flighty


anawaena

[ə.nəˈʋɐe̯.nə]


hoʻonuinui

to use threatening language without carrying out the threat


kupukupu

fern (generic term for those growing a single stem)


ʻAkepaikana

Azerbaijan (a country in Europe and Asia)


Kaleponi

California (the most populous state of the United States)


ʻĀlaka

Alaska (a state of the United States, formerly a territory)


ʻAlapama

Alabamian, a resident or native of Alabama


ʻAlikona

Arizona (a state in the southwestern United States, established 1912)


Kakoka ʻĀkau

North Dakota (a state of the United States)


Kakoka Hema

South Dakota (a state of the United States)


Kalolaina ʻĀkau

North Carolina (a state of the United States)


Kalolaina Hema

South Carolina (a state of the United States)


Kekeka

Texas (a state in the south-central region of the United States)


Kenekī

Tennessee (a state of the United States)


Konekikuka

Connecticut (a state of the United States)


Loke ʻAilana

Rhode Island (a state of the United States)


Kakalameko

Sacramento (the capital city of California, United States)


Luikiana

Louisiana (a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States)


Makakukeka

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


Melelana

Maryland (a state of the United States; named for Queen Mary, queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland)


Mikikipi

Mississippi (a state of the United States)


Minekoka

Minnesota (a state of the United States)


Newaka

English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”).

Nevada (a state in the western United States)


Nū Hamekia

New Hampshire (a state of the United States)


Nū ʻIeleke

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


Nū Mekiko

New Mexico (a state of the United States)


ʻOkalahoma

Oklahoma (a state in the central United States, formerly a territory)


Penekelewinia

Pennsylvania (a state of the United States)


Wikonekina

Wisconsin (a state of the United States)


Wilikinia Komohana

West Virginia (a state of the United States)


Nekelana

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

Netherlands (the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Puruma

ʻōlelo Puruma


ʻApekanikana

Borrowed from English Afghanistan, ultimately from Classical Persian افغانستان (afġānistān).


ʻApekanikana

Afghan, a resident or native of Afghanistan


Kikako

Chicago (a city in Illinois, United States)


Panekola

Penobscot County
Penobscot County#English

a city, the county seat of Penobscot County, Maine, United States


mahū

to be weak; to be flat (as diluted kava or stale beer)

to be insipid (as fresh poi kept too long in the icebox)


Lalie

the capital of North Carolina, United States


kahiki

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tafiti. Compare Maori tawhiti.


kahiki

a type of banana common on the island of Maui


Kaka

Gaza City (a city in the Gaza Strip, Palestine)


kāholo

(intransitive) to move quickly, to progress rapidly


keiti

He keiti au.


katou

Aloha katou.


makahiti

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *matafiti, *matasiti. Cognate with Maori Matariki.

He makahiti loihi teia.


katahiaka

Aloha katahiaka.


awatea

[ə.ʋəˈkɛ.jə]

Aloha awatea.


hoʻomaka

E hoʻomaka ana au i ka papahana.


hoomata

E hoomata i ta kaa.


Poatahi

O poatahi teia.


Olelo Matuahine

Olelo Matuahine oe?


Aukate

O Aukate teia malama.


Mozamabika

Noho au i Mozamabika.


Botuana

No Botuana ʻo ia.


Sielaleone

Aia ʻo Freetown ma Sielaleone.


kalaiwa

E kalaiwa ana au i ka hale kūʻai.


ʻohi

E ʻohi i ka palaoa.


hoʻopaʻa

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + paʻa (“to be firm”)

af

E hoʻopaʻa au i ke kaʻa.


katau

E katau i ta puke.


makautau

Niʻihau form of mākaukau (“competence, proficiency, efficiency”)


makautau

Niʻihau form of mākaukau (“ready, competent”)


toʻu

O Kimo toʻu inoa.


leoleo

Reduplication of leo “voice”, compare with Maori reoreo “conversation” reduplication of reo

(transitive) to speak loudly or vociferously


kaikaina

Ua hele koʻu kaikaina i kahakai.


tūtū kāne

No Haleʻiwa koʻu tūtū kāne.


tūtū wahine

Koʻu tūtū wahine kēlā kanaka.


kaikuaʻana

Ua nānā au i koʻu kaikuaʻana.


makapiapia

Compound of maka (“eye”) + piapia (“sleepies”).


hanohano

Ua like kekahi ano o ka Liona, me ko ka popoki; a ma na helehelena, a ma ka hana ana, oia ka mea hanohano o na holoholona a pau i puni koko.

1834 May 16, “He Liona”, in Ka Lama Hawaii, page 1:

A lion looks and acts like a cat, it is the most majestic animal in their family.


kaulana

From kau (“to put”) + -lana (nominalizing suffix).

af

Kaulana ʻo Honolulu.


hailepo

Compound of hai (“ray”) + lepo (“mud, dirt”)


naʻi

to strive to obtain, understand or examine


paiki

paisi (alternative)
pāisi (alternative)
pāiki (alternative)

E kūʻai i ka paiki.


welina

hello, greetings (short for me ʻoukou ka welina o ke aloha)


wiliwili

Reduplication of wili "to twist", hence "repeatedly twisted", in reference to the dehiscing seed pods.

Erythrina sandwicensis, a fabaceous flowering tree endemic to the Hawaiian Islands


lōlō

(stative) paralyzed, numb, feeble-minded, crazy


Ielukalema

Jerusalem (the capital of Israel and Palestine)


lehu

From Proto-Polynesian *rapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Maori rehu (“dust, mist”), rehurehu (“obscure, to set, to dim”), pungarehu (“ash”), nehu (“seaspray”) and nehunehu (“dusky”); Tahitian rehu (“ash, grey colour”) and rehurehu (“twilight”); Tongan efu (“dust, human remains”); Samoan lefulefu) from Proto-Oceanic *dapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Fijian dravu (“ashes”) and dravuloa (“grey”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Malay dapur (“kitchen”) and Tagalog dapog (“open fire”)).


hoʻomana

(transitive) to place into a position of authority, to put in power


ʻekalekia

From Ancient Greek ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱ (ekklēsĭ́ā).


hōʻaiʻē

hale hōʻaiʻē


hoʻohana

hoʻo- (causative prefix) + hana (“work, labor, job”)


hoʻohana

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + hana (“worthless, provoked”).


hōʻakaʻaka

[hoːˌʔɐ.kəˈʔɐ.kə]


ʻeli

From Proto-Polynesian from Proto-Oceanic *keli (compare with Samoan ʻeli and Tongan keli) ~ *kali (compare with Maori kari) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali₂ (compare with Malay gali). Doublet of ʻali.


awāwa

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *awaawa (“valley”), reduplicated form of Proto-Polynesian *awa (“opening in a reef”).


pōpō

From Proto-Polynesian *poo-poo (compare with Maori pōpō (“to knead”), Tahitian pōpō (“ball, bubble”)).


ākea

From Proto-Polynesian *qaa-tea. Cognate with Maori ātea (“free from obstruction”).


mākolu

From Proto-Polynesian *maatolu, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ma-tolu, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ma-təlu.


mākolu

a net mesh large enough for three fingers to pass through


Sinapoa

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))


naio

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ŋaio. Compare North Marquesan kaiʻo (“small parasitic worm or grub”), Maori ngaio (“small grub, horsehair worm”).

cog

inferior taro, discarded in the field after harvest


naio

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ŋaio. Compare Rarotongan ngāio (“Myoporum wilderi”), Tuamotuan ngaio (“Myoporum stokesii”), Rapa Nui ngaio (“Myoporum rapense”), Maori ngaio (“Myoporum laetum”).

(botany) false sandalwood (Myoporum sandwicense), a flowering plant in the figwort family


Loma

Rome (a major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)

Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)

(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)


Hinekū

Borrowed from English Hindu, from Classical Persian هِنْدُو (hindū, “Indian, Hindu”).


waimaka

Compound of wai (“water”) + maka (“eye”). Compare to Malay air mata and Indonesian air mata.


hoana

joining, joint, binding (object that joins two other objects together)


Keaopō

(astronomy) Alphecca (Alpha Coronae Borealis), a star in the constellation Corona Borealis


Nāhiku

Compound of nā + hiku. Literally, “the seven”.


matuahine

No hea tou matuahine?


outou

E hele ana outou i ta kula.

Niʻihau form of ʻoukou (“second person plural; you (three or more)”)


palapala loaʻa

receipt (document certifying a transaction)


palapala ʻāpono

letter of recommendation
letter of recommendation


hoʻolimalima

to rent, to lease (by an owner, to a tenant)


ʻahamaka

hammock (as of tapa, fastened to the manuea, center support of a house)


luaʻi

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *lua-ki (“vomit”), from *lua (“vomit”).


hoʻokuke

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + kuke (“push”).


ʻoi

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *koi (“sharp, keen”). Compare Maori koi (“sharp, acute”).


kahua

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tafuqa (“platform; foundation, base”) (compare with Tahitian tahua and Maori tahua).


kahua

aʻo kahua lawena


Kāʻanapali

→ English: Kaanapali

Kaanapali (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


Māʻalaea

→ English: Maalaea

Maalaea (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


Waikapū

→ English: Waikapu

Waikapu (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


Hāliʻimaile

English: Haliimaile

Haliimaile (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


panalāʻau

(geography) territory, dependency, colony, province


Kapalua

→ English: Kapalua

Kapalua (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


Maunaloa

From mauna (“mountain”) + loa (“long”), literally “long mountain”. Doublet of Mauna Loa.

af

Maunaloa (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii)


Pāʻia

→ English: Paia

Paia (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


ʻUalapuʻe

→ English: Ualapue

Ualapue (a census-designated place in Maui County, Hawaii, United States)


ʻanoʻano

Either reduplication or doublet of ʻano from Proto-Polynesian *kano (compare Maori kano, Tahitian ʻaʻano and Tongan kano), from Proto-Oceanic *kanon (“flesh; kernel”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kan-ən from Proto-Austronesian *kaən-an (“food, cooked rice”) from Proto-Austronesian *kaən (“to eat”) (thus doublet of ʻai).


ʻaluʻalu

(stative) misshapen (as a premature baby)


mamao

From Proto-Polynesian *mamaqo (compare with Maori mamao, Tongan mamaʻo, Samoan mamao).


kokoke

(stative) near, close, closeby, adjacent


Līhuʻe

→ English: Lihue

Lihue (a census-designated place, the county seat of Kauai County, Hawaii, United States)


Kai ʻUla

the Red Sea (a long, narrow sea between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula; links the Suez Canal with the Arabian Sea)


Halakepoka

Hartford (the capital city of Connecticut, United States)


hōkū ʻaeʻa

[ˈhoː.kuː ˈʔɐe̯.ʔə]


pōwāwae

[poː.ʋaːˈʋɐe̯]

association football
association football


ʻū-

ʻū- + hōloʻa (“to dispense”) → ʻūhōloʻa (“dispenser”)

ʻū- + heheʻe (“to melt”) → ʻūheheʻe (“solvent”)

Indicates the cause or instrument of an action.


pāpapa

From pā- (“having the nature of”) + papa (“flat layer”).


kukula

Reduplicated form of kula, borrowed from English school.


ʻanae

From Proto-Polynesian *kanahe, from Proto-Eastern Oceanic *kanaze, from Proto-Oceanic *kanase, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kanasay.


ʻōmole

Loaʻa iaʻu ka ʻōmole.


manuhelekū

Compound of manu (“bird”) + helekū (“to walk upright”)

com+

Ua nānā au i ka manuhelekū.


pokela

From English pottery, from Old French poterie.


Kailua

Noho au i Kailua.

a census-designated place in Honolulu County, Hawaii, United States


Haleʻiwa

From hale (“house”) + ʻiwa (“frigatebird”).

a census-designated place in Honolulu County, Hawaii, United States; located along North Shore


pea Kina

He pea Kina au.


inumia

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *inumia, compare Malay minum.


mahae

From Proto-Polynesian *ma-sae (“torn”), from *ma- (“stative prefix”) and *sae (“to tear”).

(transitive) to tear, to split, to separate


Hōkūʻula

Aldebaran (reference: https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html )


Kaʻāwela

→ Translingual: Kaʻepaokaʻāwela

* Composed of ka 'the', ʻā 'fiery', wela 'hot'.

A bright planet, originally probably Jupiter or Venus, in the modern language taken to be Jupiter.


uluna

From Proto-Oceanic *quluŋ-an (“headrest” – compare with Maori urunga, Tahitian uruʻa, Samoan uluga and aluga, Tongan ʻolunga) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulun-an “head rest” (compare with Coastal Kadazan tuhunan; Tagalog ulunan, ulon and unan; Cebuano ulonan) affixed from *qulun₂ “to rest one's head”.


kauka

Hālāwai ke kauka ma nā Pōʻakahi.

The doctor takes appointments on Mondays.


ʻamaʻama

Mugil cephalus
Mugil cephalus#Translingual


ʻālohilohi

Reduplication of ʻalohi. Cognate with Maori kārohirohi.


ʻalohi

(intransitive) to shine, glimmer or glister


lā hānau

Hauʻoli lā hānau!


pā-

pā- + wela (“be hot”) → pāwela (“scorched”)

pā- + heu (“fine hair, dust”) → pāheu (“allergy”)

prefix to many bases, with general meaning of “in the nature of, having the quality of.”

pā- + lua (“two”) → pālua (“two-by-two, two-at-a-time, twofold”)


lāʻau koʻokoʻo

Compound of lāʻau (“medicine”) + koʻokoʻo (“support; to resist”)


koʻo

From Proto-Polynesian *toko, from Proto-Oceanic *tokon, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təkən (“bamboo punting pole”).


koʻo

(transitive) to pole (propel by pushing with a pole)

kai koʻo


hale maʻi

hale (“house, building; institution”) + maʻi (“sick; illness”) — compare with related Tahitian fare maʻi, Tongan fale mahaki, Samoan falemaʻi and Malay rumah sakit as well as separately English sickhouse for similar constructions.


Pāpua Nūkini

Borrowed from English Papua New Guinea (Pāpua + Nūkini (Nū + Kini)).

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English


mīkini

mīkini panakō

mīkini holoi


mīkini

mīkini lima


Kikinē

Sydney (the capital of New South Wales, Australia)


Melepona

Melbourne (the capital of Victoria, Australia)


Nuhōlani

Australia, New Holland (a country consisting of a main island, the island of Tasmania and other smaller islands, located in Oceania; historically, a collection of former colonies of the British Empire)

(geology) Australia, New Holland (a continent consisting of the land on the Australian tectonic plate, i.e. Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Kanapela

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


pulukeke

(vulgar, offensive, slang) bullshit, nonsense


Kinikiu

(offensive, ethnic slur, vulgar) a Chinese person


ʻalu

(linguistics, stative) lax (in articulation)


hō-

(before an okina followed by a short vowel, or before long vowels) synonym of hoʻo-


hoʻ-

hoʻ- + emi (“cheap”) → hoʻēmi (“cheapen, diminish”)

(prevocalic, occurs before and lengthens the initial vowels a, e and sometimes i) synonym of hoʻo-

occurs before and lengthens the initial vowels a; e and sometimes i; occurs before and lengthens the initial vowels a; e and sometimes i


hoʻokamaliʻi

hoʻo- (similative prefix) + kamaliʻi (“children”)


kamaliʻi

Compound of kama (“child”) + liʻi (“small”)


liʻi

From Proto-Polynesian *riki (“small” – compare with Maori riki, Tahitian riʻi and riʻi, Tongan iliki and liliki). from Proto-Oceanic *rikit from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dikit (“little, small in amount” – compare with Malay dikit and sedikit “few”).


Kamabodia

ʻōlelo Kamabodia


laʻa

From Proto-Polynesian *laka₂ (“sacred”).

bound under oath; in great trouble, doomed


luhi

From Proto-Central Eastern Polynesian *rufi "weak, tired". Cognate with Maori ruhi (“weak”), Tahitian uhi (“sleepy”).


pōpolo

→ English: popolo

From Proto-Polynesian *polo; cognate with Maori poroporo and pōporo (Solanum aviculare), Tongan polo (“Solanum nigrum”) and Tuvaluan 'opolo (“capsicum”). Skin color meaning comes from analogy to the color of its berries.

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

(slang, countable, sometimes pejorative) a black person


piapia

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *piapia, from Proto-Polynesian *pia, from Proto-Oceanic *biʀaq, *biʀas.

the encrusted white matter in the eyes, as from sleeping or from sore eyes, "sand" in the eyes;

an abusive epithet applied to one who was unwashed, said to refer to genitals


hinahina

Reduplication (thus doublet) of hina from Proto-Polynesian *sina (compare with mahina “moon, moonlight” and Samoan māsina), from Proto-Oceanic *sinaʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sinaʀ (compare with Malay sinar, Tagalog sinag), from Proto-Austronesian *siNaʀ.

Heliotropium anomalum, a heliotrope of the Pacific Islands


hālau

→ English: halau

From Proto-Polynesian *falau (“canoe shed”).


kaona

From Proto-Central Eastern Polynesian *taoŋa "treasured possession". Cognatate with Maori taonga (“property, goods”).

kaona (hidden or secondary meaning in Hawaiian poetry)


ʻawapuhi Pākē

From ʻawapuhi + Pākē (“Chinese”), hence "Chinese awapuhi".

Zingiber officinale
Zingiber officinale#Translingual

common or culinary ginger, Zingiber officinale


hua ʻala

Compound of hua (“fruit”) + ʻala (“fragrant”).


ʻuala kahiki

From ʻuala ("sweet potato") + kahiki ("foreign").

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum#Translingual


pānini

Compound of pā (“wall”) + nini (“fence”).


kēpuka

to play a prank, usually with malicious intent


makeima

makakema (alternative)
makekemia (alternative)


mānaleo

native speaker (lit. inherited language)


kulaʻi

From Proto-Polynesian *tulaki. Cognates include Tahitian turaʻi, Maori turaki and Tongan tulaki.

to push over; to overthrow; to shove; to push to one side


ʻōhiʻa

→ English: ohia

From Proto-Polynesian *kafika (cognate with Maori kahika and Tongan fekika), from Proto-Oceanic *kapika (cognate with Fijian kavika).

Syzygium malaccense
Syzygium malaccense#Translingual

mountain apple or Malay apple; Syzygium malaccense


uaua

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *uaua (“tendon, vein” – compare with Maori uaua, Tahitian uaua, Tongan uoua and Samoan uaua) reduplicating *ua (likely to avoid conflation with ua meaning “rain”) from Proto-Oceanic *uʀat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uʀat (“blood vessel, sinew, tendon” – compare with Malay urat “vein” and otot “muscle”, Cebuano ugat, Tagalog ugát).

(stative) tough, sinewy, glutinous, viscid, leathery

(stative, figuratively) hardheaded, willful, obstinate, tough-minded


-ā

From Proto-Polynesian *-haʻa. Compare the second element of Tongan kaihaʻa.

ʻai + -ā → ʻaiā


nahā

From Proto-Polynesian *ŋafaqa (“to burst open, to crack”) (compare with Tahitian ʻafā, Tongan ngafa, Maori ngāwhā).


ʻala

From Proto-Polynesian *kakala (cognate of Maori kakara, Tahitian aara, Samoan alalā and Tongan kakala).


kāhili

From Proto-Polynesian *taafiri (compare with Maori tāwhiri and tāhiri (both meaning “to beckon, to wave, to welcome”) plus Tahitian tāhiri and tāhirihiri (both meaning “fan”)). Also reanalysed as kā + hili.

feather standard mounted on a pole, as traditionally used in Hawaii on ceremonial occasions

Lagerstroemia indica
Lagerstroemia indica#Translingual

crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica), an ornamental plant from Asia

Hedychium gardnerianum, plant related to ginger native to the Himalayas but widely grown and invasive elsewhere in warm climates


kāhili

→ English: kahili


ikaika

From Proto-Polynesian *kita (“tensed, as a muscle”) with reduplication and irregular loss of initial ʻ. Compare Maori kitakita (“tight; intense”).


ʻōpuhi

From Proto-Polynesian *kava-pusi (compare with Samoan 'avapuhi and Maori kōpī (“Corynocarpus laevigatus”)) from Proto-Polynesian *kawa. Doublet of ʻawapuhi, ʻawa, and ʻawaʻawa.

Zingiber zerumbet
Zingiber zerumbet#Translingual


ʻawaʻawa

[ˌʔɐ.ʋəˈʔɐ.ʋə]

Reduplication of ʻawa from Proto-Polynesian *kawa (compare with Tahitian ʻawaʻawa, Maori kawa and Samoan ʻaʻava). Doublet of ʻawa.


mahiole

→ English: mahiole


kau wela

Wela ka hale i ke kau wela ma Kona.


kau kupulau

Hoʻomoana nā keiki i ke kau kupulau.


kau hāʻulelau

Ikiiki ʻo Heʻeia i ke kau hāʻulelau.


kau hoʻoila

Pāʻani pōpeku kākou i ke kau hoʻoilo.


hoʻomoana

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + moana (“broad, wide”). The meaning of "to camp" is derived from the earlier meaning of "to spread down [mats for staying overnight]".

af

Hoʻomoana kākou i ke kau wela ma Waiʻanae.

We all go camping in the summer in Wai'anae.


huakaʻi

Aia ka huakaʻi i ke kau hāʻulelau.


ʻoluʻolu

Reduplication of ʻolu (“to be pleasant, comfortable”)

redup

ʻOluʻolu ʻo Maui i ke kau kupulau.


ʻaha mele

From ʻaha (“gathering”) + mele (“song”).

Aia ka ʻaha mele ma ka lā ʻapōpō!


ʻōmā

Homarus americanus
Homarus americanus#Translingual


hapalua

hapa (“portion, fraction”) + lua (“two”)

compound

Hapalua hola ʻelima


lepelepe

clipping of lepelepe-o-hina (“monarch butterfly”)


lepeamoa

lepe (“(cocks)comb”) + a + moa (“chicken”)

com

Celosia cristata
Celosia cristata#Translingual


lepelepeamoa

Compound of lepelepe (“wattles”) + a + moa (“chicken”)

com+

Selaginella arbusculla (variety of spike moss used in leis)


holoholo

to go for a walk, ride, or sail; to go out for pleasure, stroll, promenade


hoʻokae

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + kae (“treated with contempt”).

af

to despise, detest, treat with contempt or scorn


hoʻokae ili

racial discrimination, racial prejudice, racism


ʻūlei

Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, a native Hawai'ian shrub whose tough wood is traditionally used to make a variety of tools and weapons


ianakama

Most likely borrowed from Cantonese 人參 /人参 (jan⁴ sam¹).

bor+

Panax quinquefolius
Panax quinquefolius#Translingual

ginseng (any plant of two species of the genus Panax (Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius))


hoʻolei

hoʻo- (causative prefix) + lei (“to leap, spring forward”)


Hoʻoleilana

Blend of hoʻolei + lana. From English Ho'oleilana, from Hawaiian hoʻoleilei ka lana (sent sounds of awakening), from the Hawaiian Kumulipo creation chant: Ho'oleilei ka lana a ka Po uliuli. Literally, “From deep darkness came murmurs of awakening”

lit

(astronomy, cosmology) Ho'oleilana: a baryon acoustic oscillation, a cosmic structure in Local Universe


ʻōhelo

ʻōhelo kau lāʻau: Vaccinium calycinum

ʻōhelo ʻai: Vaccinium reticulatum


welaweka

[ʋɛ.ləˈʋɛ.kə]


mukuela

Learned borrowing from Latin mustela, possibly introduced by Catholic missionaries


paʻi

From Proto-Polynesian *paki₁ (“to clap, to slap, to hit, to beat”) (compare with Maori paki (“to hit, to publish”) and papaki (“to slap”), Tahitian paʻipaʻi and pāʻi plus Samoan paʻipaʻi), from Proto-Oceanic *baki from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pakpak₁ (“to clap, to flap”) (compare with Malay papak (“clapper”), Tagalog pakpák (“wing”) and palakpák (“applause”) plus Cebuano pakpák (“applause”)). Sense of printing extended from Hawaiians beating or stamping repeated patterns on kapa fabric. Doublet of pā (“to beat [an instrument], to touch”).

doublet

ʻUa paʻi ia iho nei ma ko makou halepai nei he 100 mau hoolaha no ka Abamele o Hanalei, Kauai, he 500 mau balota a me kekahi mau hana e ae.

1893 August 17, “E Mau ke Ea o ka Aina i ka Pono”, in Ka Lei Momi, page 3:

100 advertisements for the Abamele of Hanalei, Kauai, 500 ballots and some other activities were printed in our office.


ʻawe

From Proto-Polynesian *kawe₂ (compare with Maori kawe, Samoan ʻave).


ʻawe

From Proto-Polynesian *kawe₁ (compare with Maori kawe, Tahitian ʻave “strand of a braid”, Tongan kave, Samoan ʻave). from Proto-Oceanic *kawe from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gaway (compare with Cebuano gaway).


hoʻohanini

From hoʻo- (causative marker) + hanini (“to overflow”).


hoʻohele

From hoʻo- (causative marker) + hele (“to go”).


hoʻomakaʻu

From hoʻo- (causative) + makaʻu (“to fear”).


hoʻoʻulaʻula

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + ʻulaʻula (“red”).


hoʻohaole

From hoʻo- (causative marker) + haole (“white person”).


hoʻomale

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + male (“to marry”).

to wed (perform the marriage ceremony for)


hanauna

From hānau (“to give birth”) + -na (nominalizing suffix).


mākaʻi

From mā- (stative prefix) + kaʻi (“to lead”).


makaʻina

Compound of mākaʻi (“to police”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


ʻali

From Proto-Polynesian from Proto-Oceanic *kali (compare with Maori kari) ~ *keli (compare with Samoan ʻeli and Tongan keli) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali₂ (compare with Malay gali). Doublet of ʻeli.


ʻālina

Compound of ʻali (“to scar”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


hoʻokala

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + kala (“to loosen”).


hoʻokala

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + kala (“sharkskin”).


alakaʻi

From Proto-Polynesian *hala-taki (“to lead”). By surface analysis, ala (“path”) + kaʻi (“lead”). Cognate with Maori arataki (“to lead”).

surf

(transitive) to lead, to guide, to direct


hilinaʻi

From Proto-Central Eastern Polynesian *firinaki "lean on; rely on". Cognate with Maori whirinaki (“to lean”).

(figurative) to rely on, to trust, to believe


māiʻuʻu

From Proto-Polynesian *maqikuku ultimately prefixed from Proto-Oceanic *kuku “nail” (compare with Fijian kuku) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuku “ibid.” (compare with Malay kuku, Tagalog kuko).

maiʻuʻu (alternative)
maiʻao (alternative)

(anatomy) nail; keratin end of the toes and fingers


ninaninau

to interrogate, ask questions repeatedly


nihoniho

Reduplication of niho (“tooth”). Compare with relationship between Malay gigi “tooth” and gerigi “serrated, jagged”

(stative) to be toothed, notched, serrated


hāʻāpuka

From haʻa- (causative prefix) + ʻāpuka (“to cheat”).


hoʻohāliu

Compound of hoʻo- + hā- + liu (“to turn”).


hoʻohaʻalulu

From hoʻo- (causative prefix) + haʻalulu (“to cause to shake”).


oʻo

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *oko (“to reach maturity”). Cognate with Samoan oʻo (“full-grown (of a pig)”).

inh

(intransitive) to mature, to ripen; to age


kālepa

kā- + lepa (“flag”), as merchants historically raised white flags when carrying their wares.


manene

a shuddering sensation (from fear, desire, disgust, etc.)


pāwai

From pā- (“having the character of”) + wai (“water”).


hōʻai

(causative) to feed; to give to someone to eat


ʻāluna

Compound of ʻalu (“to descend”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


hāuna

From hau (“to strike”) + -na (nominalizing suffix).


kōina

Compound of koi (“to urge”) + -na (nominalizing suffix; compare English -ing).


hoʻoponopono

From hoʻo- (causative marker) + ponopono (“in order, arranged”).


anahulu

From Proto-Polynesian *haŋafulu, from Proto-Central Pacific *caŋavulu, from Proto-Oceanic *saŋapuluq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa-ŋa-puluq.


moehewa

moe (“to sleep”) + hewa (“to be wrong”). Compare with Maori moehewa.


kā-

kā- + hea → kāhea (“to call, cry out”)


kā-

From a procliticisation of Proto-Polynesian *taa (“we (inclusive)”). For a similar formation, compare the Maori pronouns in Maori tā- (tātou, tāua). For a language which retains the Proto-Polynesian pronoun as an independent term, compare Tongan ta.