Haus

de-proper noun

Haus n (proper noun, genitive Haus' or (with an article) Haus)

Haus' (genitive)
Haus (genitive)
Hauß (alternative obsolete)

From Middle High German hūs, from Old High German hūs, from Proto-West Germanic *hūs, from Proto-Germanic *hūsą.
Cognate with Old Frisian hūs, Low German Hus, Huus, Dutch huis, Icelandic hús, Faroese hús, Danish hus, Norwegian hus, Swedish hus, English house. Doublet of House.


Japan

Japan n (proper noun, genitive Japans or (optionally with an article) Japan)

Japans (genitive)
Japan (genitive with-article)

→ Estonian: Jaapan

→ Finnish: Japani

→ Hungarian: Japán

→ Ladin: Iapan

→ Latvian: Japāna

→ Norwegian: Japan

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Јапан

Latin script: Japan

desctree

→ Yiddish: יאַפּאַן (yapan)
→ Hebrew: יפן (yapan)

From Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (nyit pwon^X, literally “sun origin”).

der

Japan (a country and archipelago of East Asia)


Israel

de-proper noun

Israel n (proper noun, genitive Israels or (optionally with an article) Israel)

Israels (genitive)
Israel (genitive with-article)
Israël (alternative obsolete)

Latin Israel, Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl)

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean; official name: Staat Israel)


Malaysia

Malaysia n (proper noun, genitive Malaysias or (optionally with an article) Malaysia)

Malaysias (genitive)
Malaysia (genitive with-article)


Andorra

Andorra n (proper noun, genitive Andorras or (optionally with an article) Andorra)

Andorras (genitive)
Andorra (genitive with-article)

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Afghanistan

Afghanistan n (proper noun, genitive Afghanistans or (optionally with an article) Afghanistan)

Afghanistans (genitive)
Afghanistan (genitive with-article)

Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Angola

Angola n (proper noun, genitive Angolas or (optionally with an article) Angola)

Angolas (genitive)
Angola (genitive with-article)


Bahrain

Bahrain n (proper noun, genitive Bahrains or (optionally with an article) Bahrain)

Bahrains (genitive)
Bahrain (genitive with-article)
Bahrein (alternative)

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Burundi

Burundi n (proper noun, genitive Burundis or (optionally with an article) Burundi)

Burundis (genitive)
Burundi (genitive with-article)


Bahamas

die Bahamas pl (proper noun, plural only, usually definite)

die Bahamas (canonical plural)
Bahamas (definite nominative plural)
Bahamas (definite genitive plural)
Bahamas (dative definite plural)
Bahamas (accusative definite plural)

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Bhutan

Bhutan n (proper noun, genitive Bhutans or (optionally with an article) Bhutan)

Bhutans (genitive)
Bhutan (genitive with-article)

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Botswana

Botswana n (proper noun, strong, genitive Botswanas)


Belize

Belize n (proper noun, strong, genitive Belize')

Belize (an English-speaking country in Central America, formerly called British Honduras)


Chile

Chile n (proper noun, genitive Chiles or (optionally with an article) Chile)

Chiles (genitive)
Chile (genitive with-article)


China

China n (proper noun, genitive Chinas or (optionally with an article) China, plural China)

Chinas (genitive)
China (genitive with-article)
China (plural)
China (nominative singular)
China (definite nominative plural)
Chinas (genitive singular)
China (genitive singular)
China (definite genitive plural)
China (dative singular)
China (dative definite plural)
China (accusative singular)
China (accusative definite plural)

Possibly from Dutch China, from possibly Portuguese China, from Persian چین (čin, “China”), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (čīn, “China”), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna).


Ecuador

Ecuador n (proper noun, genitive Ecuadors or (optionally with an article) Ecuador)

Ecuadors (genitive)
Ecuador (genitive with-article)
Ekuador (alternative)

[ˈʔɛ.kʋaˌdoːɐ̯]


Ghana

Ghana n (proper noun, genitive Ghanas or (optionally with an article) Ghana)

Ghanas (genitive)
Ghana (genitive with-article)


Gambia

Gambia n (proper noun, genitive Gambias or (optionally with an article) Gambia)

Gambias (genitive)
Gambia (genitive with-article)


Guatemala

Guatemala n (proper noun, genitive Guatemalas or (optionally with an article) Guatemala)

Guatemalas (genitive)
Guatemala (genitive with-article)

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Guyana

Guyana n (proper noun, genitive Guyanas or (optionally with an article) Guyana)

Guyanas (genitive)
Guyana (genitive with-article)


Honduras

Honduras n (proper noun, genitive Honduras' or (with an article) Honduras)

Honduras' (genitive)
Honduras (genitive)


Haiti

Haiti n (proper noun, genitive Haitis or (optionally with an article) Haiti)

Haitis (genitive)
Haiti (genitive with-article)
Hayti (alternative)


Iran

Iran n (proper noun, genitive Irans or (optionally with an article) Iran)

Irans (genitive)
Iran (genitive with-article)

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Iran

Iran m (proper noun, strong, genitive Irans or Iran)


Kiribati

Kiribati n (proper noun, genitive Kiribatis or (optionally with an article) Kiribati)

Kiribatis (genitive)
Kiribati (genitive with-article)
Kiribati (nominative singular)
Kiribatis (genitive singular)
Kiribati (dative singular)
Kiribati (accusative singular)

Kiribati (a country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Kuwait

Kuwait n (proper noun, genitive Kuwaits or (optionally with an article) Kuwait)

Kuwaits (genitive)
Kuwait (genitive with-article)

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Laos

Laos n (proper noun, genitive Laos' or (with an article) Laos)


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein n (proper noun, genitive Liechtensteins or (optionally with an article) Liechtenstein)

Liechtensteins (genitive)
Liechtenstein (genitive with-article)
Lichtenstein (alternative uncommon)

→ Japanese: リヒテンシュタイン (Rihitenshutain)

/ˈlɪçtənˌʃtaɪ̯n/

Fürstentum Liechtenstein
Fürstentum Liechtenstein#German

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe; official name: Fürstentum Liechtenstein)


Liberia

Liberia n (proper noun, genitive Liberias or (optionally with an article) Liberia)

Liberias (genitive)
Liberia (genitive with-article)


Monaco

Monaco n (proper noun, genitive Monacos or (optionally with an article) Monaco)

Monacos (genitive)
Monaco (genitive with-article)
Monako (alternative dated)


Mali

Mali n (proper noun, genitive Malis or (optionally with an article) Mali)

Malis (genitive)
Mali (genitive with-article)


Malta

Malta n (proper noun, genitive Maltas or (optionally with an article) Malta)

Maltas (genitive)
Malta (genitive with-article)

Malta (an archipelago and country in Southern Europe, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Mauritius

Mauritius n (proper noun, genitive Mauritius' or (with an article) Mauritius)

Mauritius' (genitive)
Mauritius (genitive)

Mauritius (a country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (the main island of the country of Mauritius)


Malawi

Malawi n (proper noun, genitive Malawis or (optionally with an article) Malawi)

Malawis (genitive)
Malawi (genitive with-article)


Namibia

Namibia n (proper noun, genitive Namibias or (optionally with an article) Namibia)

Namibias (genitive)
Namibia (genitive with-article)


Niger

der Niger m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Niger or des Nigers)

Niger n (proper noun, genitive Nigers or (optionally with an article) Niger)

der Niger (canonical masculine)
des Niger (definite genitive)
des Nigers (definite genitive)
Nigers (genitive)
Niger (genitive with-article)

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)


Niger

der Niger (canonical masculine)
des Niger (definite genitive)
des Nigers (definite genitive)

Niger (a major river in West Africa that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)


Nigeria

Nigeria n (proper noun, genitive Nigerias or (optionally with an article) Nigeria)

Nigerias (genitive)
Nigeria (genitive with-article)

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Nicaragua

Nicaragua n (proper noun, genitive Nicaraguas or (optionally with an article) Nicaragua)

Nicaraguas (genitive)
Nicaragua (genitive with-article)
Nikaragua (alternative)

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


Nepal

Nepal n (proper noun, genitive Nepals or (optionally with an article) Nepal)

Nepals (genitive)
Nepal (genitive with-article)

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Nauru

Nauru n (proper noun, genitive Naurus or (optionally with an article) Nauru)

Naurus (genitive)
Nauru (genitive with-article)
Nauru (nominative singular)
Naurus (genitive singular)
Nauru (dative singular)
Nauru (accusative singular)

Nauru (a country and island of Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Oman

Oman n (proper noun, genitive Omans or (optionally with an article) Oman)

Omans (genitive)
Oman (genitive with-article)

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Panama

Panama n (proper noun, genitive Panamas or (optionally with an article) Panama)

Panamas (genitive)
Panama (genitive with-article)


Peru

Peru n (proper noun, genitive Perus or (optionally with an article) Peru)

Perus (genitive)
Peru (genitive with-article)


Pakistan

Pakistan n (proper noun, genitive Pakistans or (optionally with an article) Pakistan, plural (rare) Pakistan)

Pakistans (genitive)
Pakistan (genitive with-article)
Pakistan (plural rare)


Portugal

Portugal n (proper noun, genitive Portugals or (optionally with an article) Portugal)

Portugals (genitive)
Portugal (genitive with-article)

Borrowed from Portuguese Portugal, from Latin Portus Cale, former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Paraguay

Paraguay n (proper noun, genitive Paraguays or (optionally with an article) Paraguay)

Paraguays (genitive)
Paraguay (genitive with-article)

[ˈpaʁaˌɡʋaɪ̯]


Sudan

Sudan m (proper noun, strong, genitive Sudans or Sudan, plural Sudan)

Sudans (genitive)
Sudan (genitive)
Sudan (plural)
Ssudan (alternative archaic)

Hoch- und Nieder-Sudan [....] Die Araber haben mit ihrer Religion ihre obwohl sehr unvollkommene Gesittung verbreitet; durch sie wurden nicht bloß in Aegypten und auf dem Atlas, sondern auch in den beiden Sudan Schulen gegründet [...]

1839, Fr. von Rougemont, Ch. H. Hugendubel, Geographie des Menschen, ethnographisch, statistisch und historisch. Erster Band, page 28:

Die Ureinwohner sind Neger in Hochafrika und den beiden Sudan [...]

1855, R. Nievergelt, Leitfaden der Geographie für Sekundarschulen, page 41:

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


San Marino

San Marino n (proper noun, genitive San Marinos or (optionally with an article) San Marino)

San Marinos (genitive)
San Marino (genitive with-article)
San Marino (definite nominative singular)
San Marinos (definite genitive singular)
San Marino (definite genitive singular with-article)
San Marino (dative definite singular)
San Marino (accusative definite singular)

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Senegal

der Senegal m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Senegal or des Senegals)

Senegal n (proper noun, genitive Senegals or (optionally with an article) Senegal)

der Senegal (canonical masculine)
des Senegal (definite genitive)
des Senegals (definite genitive)
Senegals (genitive)
Senegal (genitive with-article)
Senegal (definite nominative singular)
Senegal (definite genitive singular)
Senegals (definite genitive singular)
Senegal (dative definite singular)
Senegal (accusative definite singular)
Senegal (definite nominative singular)
Senegals (definite genitive singular)
Senegal (definite genitive singular with-article)
Senegal (dative definite singular)
Senegal (accusative definite singular)


Senegal

der Senegal m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Senegals)

der Senegal (canonical masculine)
des Senegals (definite genitive)

Senegal (a river on the border between Senegal and Mauritania in West Africa)


El Salvador

El Salvador n (proper noun, genitive El Salvadors or (optionally with an article) El Salvador)

El Salvadors (genitive)
El Salvador (genitive with-article)
El Salvador (definite nominative singular)
El Salvadors (definite genitive singular)
El Salvador (definite genitive singular with-article)
El Salvador (dative definite singular)
El Salvador (accusative definite singular)

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Togo

Togo n (proper noun, genitive Togos or (optionally with an article) Togo)

Togos (genitive)
Togo (genitive with-article)


Thailand

Thailand n (proper noun, genitive Thailands or (optionally with an article) Thailand)

Thailands (genitive)
Thailand (genitive with-article)


Tonga

Tonga n (proper noun, genitive Tongas or (optionally with an article) Tonga)

Tongas (genitive)
Tonga (genitive with-article)

Tonga (a country and archipelago of Polynesia in Oceania)


Ukraine

die Ukraine f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Ukraine)

die Ukraine (canonical feminine)
der Ukraine (definite genitive)
Ukraine (definite nominative singular)
Ukraine (definite genitive singular)
Ukraine (dative definite singular)
Ukraine (accusative definite singular)

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Uganda

Uganda n (proper noun, genitive Ugandas or (optionally with an article) Uganda)

Ugandas (genitive)
Uganda (genitive with-article)

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Uruguay

de-proper noun

Uruguay n (proper noun, genitive Uruguays or (optionally with an article) Uruguay)

Uruguays (genitive)
Uruguay (genitive with-article)


Venezuela

Venezuela n (proper noun, genitive Venezuelas or (optionally with an article) Venezuela)

Venezuelas (genitive)
Venezuela (genitive with-article)

From Spanish Venezuela, from Old Spanish Veneçuela (diminutive of Venecia (“Venice”)).

Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela#German

Venezuela (a country in South America; official name: Bolivarische Republik Venezuela)


Vietnam

Vietnam n (proper noun, genitive Vietnams or (optionally with an article) Vietnam, plural Vietnam)

Vietnams (genitive)
Vietnam (genitive with-article)
Vietnam (plural)
Vietnam (definite nominative singular)
Vietnam (definite nominative plural)
Vietnams (definite genitive singular)
Vietnam (definite genitive singular with-article)
Vietnam (definite genitive plural)
Vietnam (dative definite singular)
Vietnam (dative definite plural)
Vietnam (accusative definite singular)
Vietnam (accusative definite plural)

Dieser zweite Teil der Genfer Erklärung sah auch vor, im Juli 1956 Wahlen zur Vereinigung der beiden Vietnam durchzuführen, doch wurde dieser Teil der Verträge nicht mehr unterschrieben.

2012, Otto Nigsch, Regierung und Gouvernance: Zur Geschichte der bestehenden Ordnung, page 102:

This second part of the Geneva Declaration also provided for elections to be held in July 1956 to unify the two Vietnams, but this part of the treaties was never signed.

Es war ein blau-gelb-grüner runder Fleck im dunklen Meer unter ihnen auf 17° Nordbreite, der noch existierenden Demarkationslinie zwischen den beiden Vietnam.

2014, Heino Caesar, Commander: Ein Bericht. Buch 3, page 180:

It was a blue-yellow-green round spot in the dark sea below them at 17° north latitude, the still existing demarcation line between the two Vietnams.

Sozialistische Republik Vietnam
Sozialistische Republik Vietnam#German

Vietnam (a country in Southeast Asia; official name: Sozialistische Republik Vietnam)


Barbados

Barbados n (proper noun, genitive Barbados' or (with an article) Barbados)

Barbados' (genitive)
Barbados (genitive)

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso n (proper noun, genitive Burkina Fasos or (optionally with an article) Burkina Faso)

Burkina Fasos (genitive)
Burkina Faso (genitive with-article)
Burkina Faso (definite nominative singular)
Burkina Fasos (definite genitive singular)
Burkina Faso (definite genitive singular with-article)
Burkina Faso (dative definite singular)
Burkina Faso (accusative definite singular)

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Benin

Benin n (proper noun, genitive Benins or (optionally with an article) Benin)

Benins (genitive)
Benin (genitive with-article)

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Brunei

Brunei n (proper noun, genitive Bruneis or (optionally with an article) Brunei)

Bruneis (genitive)
Brunei (genitive with-article)


Belarus

Belarus n (proper noun, genitive Belarus' or (with an article) Belarus)

Belarus' (genitive)
Belarus (genitive)
Belarus (nominative singular)
Belarus (genitive singular)
Belarus (dative singular)
Belarus (accusative singular)

Borrowed from Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ).

bor+

(officialese) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


Vanuatu

de-proper noun

Vanuatu n (proper noun, genitive Vanuatus or (optionally with an article) Vanuatu)

Vanuatus (genitive)
Vanuatu (genitive with-article)
Vanuatu (nominative singular)
Vanuatus (genitive singular)
Vanuatu (dative singular)
Vanuatu (accusative singular)

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago of Melanesia in Oceania)


Tuvalu

Tuvalu n (proper noun, genitive Tuvalus or (optionally with an article) Tuvalu)

Tuvalus (genitive)
Tuvalu (genitive with-article)

Tuvalu (a country and archipelago of Polynesia in Oceania)


Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan n (proper noun, genitive Turkmenistans or (optionally with an article) Turkmenistan)

Turkmenistans (genitive)
Turkmenistan (genitive with-article)

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Wales

Wales n (proper noun, genitive Wales' or (with an article) Wales)

Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Suriname

Suriname n (proper noun, genitive Surinames or (optionally with an article) Suriname)

Surinames (genitive)
Suriname (genitive with-article)


Somalia

Somalia n (proper noun, genitive Somalias or (optionally with an article) Somalia)

Somalias (genitive)
Somalia (genitive with-article)

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone n (proper noun, genitive Sierra Leones or (optionally with an article) Sierra Leone)

Sierra Leones (genitive)
Sierra Leone (genitive with-article)
Sierra Leone (definite nominative singular)
Sierra Leones (definite genitive singular)
Sierra Leone (definite genitive singular with-article)
Sierra Leone (dative definite singular)
Sierra Leone (accusative definite singular)

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka n (proper noun, genitive Sri Lankas or (optionally with an article) Sri Lanka)

Sri Lankas (genitive)
Sri Lanka (genitive with-article)
Sri Lanka (definite nominative singular)
Sri Lankas (definite genitive singular)
Sri Lanka (definite genitive singular with-article)
Sri Lanka (dative definite singular)
Sri Lanka (accusative definite singular)

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Palau

Palau n (proper noun, genitive Palaus or (optionally with an article) Palau)

Palaus (genitive)
Palau (genitive with-article)
Palau (nominative singular)
Palaus (genitive singular)
Palau (dative singular)
Palau (accusative singular)

Ultimately from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (a country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Martinique

Martinique n (proper noun, strong, genitive Martiniques)

administrative region
administrative region

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


Lesotho

Lesotho n (proper noun, genitive Lesothos or (optionally with an article) Lesotho)

Lesothos (genitive)
Lesotho (genitive with-article)


Costa Rica

Costa Rica n (proper noun, genitive Costa Ricas or (optionally with an article) Costa Rica)

Costa Ricas (genitive)
Costa Rica (genitive with-article)
Costa Rica (definite nominative singular)
Costa Ricas (definite genitive singular)
Costa Rica (definite genitive singular with-article)
Costa Rica (dative definite singular)
Costa Rica (accusative definite singular)

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Dominica

Dominica n (proper noun, genitive Dominicas or (optionally with an article) Dominica)

Dominicas (genitive)
Dominica (genitive with-article)

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Eritrea

Eritrea n (proper noun, genitive Eritreas or (optionally with an article) Eritrea)

Eritreas (genitive)
Eritrea (genitive with-article)
Erythräa (alternative)

Borrowed from Italian (l')Eritrea, first used in Italian as an ellipsis of la Colonia eritrea (“Italian Eritrea”, literally “the Erythraean colony”), from eritrea, feminine of eritreo (“Erythraean (of or relating to the Erythraean Sea)”), from Latin erythraeus (“reddish”), from Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”).

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


Georgia

Georgia n (proper noun, genitive Georgias or (optionally with an article) Georgia)

Georgias (genitive)
Georgia (genitive with-article)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Guadeloupe

Guadeloupe n (proper noun, genitive Guadeloupes or (optionally with an article) Guadeloupe)

Guadeloupes (genitive)
Guadeloupe (genitive with-article)
Guadeloupe (nominative singular)
Guadeloupes (genitive singular)
Guadeloupe (dative singular)
Guadeloupe (accusative singular)

Im Jahre 1865–1866 herrschte auf einem Theile der Insel Guadeloupe eine sehr mörderische Cholera-Epidemie, über deren Ursprung die Ansichten sehr getheilt sind; […]

1869, Jahresbericht über die Leistungen und Fortschritte in der gesammten Medizin. III. Jahrgang. Bericht für das Jahr 1868. Zweiter Band, page 219:

Guadeloupe (an archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, including the island of Guadeloupe)


Guinea

Guinea n (proper noun, genitive Guineas or (optionally with an article) Guinea)

Guineas (genitive)
Guinea (genitive with-article)

Balbi klassifizirt die sämtlichen afrikanischen Zungen auf nachstehende Art: [...] 3) Sprachen von Nigritien oder dem Negerlande, wohin er auch Senegambien und beide Guinea rechnet, [...].

1835, Joh. Georg August Galletti's allgemeine Weltkunde oder geographisch-statistisch-historische Uebersicht aller Länder … Achte Auflage, verbessert und vermehrt von J. G. F. Cannabich, column 442

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Am besten kennt man in den beiden Guinea's die Fulah's, die Jolof's, die Sousou's, die Mandingo's, die Aschantie's, die Neger von der Küste von Ardra und Benin, die Bewohner der Küste Gabon [...]

1831, Wörterbuch der Naturgeschichte, dem gegenwärtigen Stande der Botanik, Mineralogie und Zoologie angemessen. Siebenter Band, page 137:

[...] das Vorschreiten der Kolonien in Senegambien, in beiden Guinea's, am Vorgebirge der guten Hoffnung u. s. w.

1843, Joseph Russegger, Reisen in Europa, Asien und Afrika …. Zweiter Band. Reisen in Egypten, Nubien und Ost-Sudan. Erster Theil. Erste Reise durch Egypten und Nubien, page 8


Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau n (proper noun, genitive Guinea-Bissaus or (optionally with an article) Guinea-Bissau)

Guinea-Bissaus (genitive)
Guinea-Bissau (genitive with-article)

Guinea-Bissau (a country in West Africa)


Jordan

der Jordan m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Jordan or des Jordans)

der Jordan (canonical masculine)
des Jordan (definite genitive)
des Jordans (definite genitive)

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)

one of several brooks or small rivers in Germany


Myanmar

Myanmar n (proper noun, genitive Myanmars or (optionally with an article) Myanmar)

Myanmars (genitive)
Myanmar (genitive with-article)


Svalbard

Svalbard n (proper noun, genitive Svalbards or (optionally with an article) Svalbard)

Svalbards (genitive)
Svalbard (genitive with-article)

(especially official use) Svalbard (an archipelago, territory, and unincorporated area of Norway northeast of Greenland, in the Arctic Ocean)


Samoa

Samoa n (proper noun, genitive Samoas or (optionally with an article) Samoa)

Samoas (genitive)
Samoa (genitive with-article)

Samoa (a country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


Bermuda

Bermuda n (proper noun, genitive Bermudas or (optionally with an article) Bermuda)

Bermudas (genitive)
Bermuda (genitive with-article)
Bermuda (nominative singular)
Bermudas (genitive singular)
Bermuda (dative singular)
Bermuda (accusative singular)

Bermuda (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the North Atlantic Ocean)


Grenada

Grenada n (proper noun, genitive Grenadas or (optionally with an article) Grenada)

Grenadas (genitive)
Grenada (genitive with-article)

Grenada (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Taiwan

Taiwan n (proper noun, genitive Taiwans or (optionally with an article) Taiwan)

Taiwans (genitive)
Taiwan (genitive with-article)
Teowan (alternative historical obsolete)

The modern form "Taiwan" may possibly be from English Taiwan, or way older reminiscent of older forms like Teowan, from possibly Dutch Tayouan/Teyouvan/Teyoan/Taywan. Compare French Taïwan.

Anping District
Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)
de:Taiwan

Taiwan (a partly-recognized country in East Asia consisting of a main island and 167 smaller islands; official name: Republik China)


England

England n (proper noun, genitive Englands or (optionally with an article) England)

Englands (genitive)
England (genitive with-article)

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)

(somewhat informal) Great Britain (a large island of the United Kingdom in Northern Europe)

United Kingdom
United Kingdom#English:_Q145

(somewhat informal) United Kingdom (a kingdom and country in Northern Europe)

(informal, proscribed) the British Isles (an archipelago of Western Europe, including Ireland)


Quebec

Quebec n (proper noun, genitive Quebecs or (optionally with an article) Quebec)

Quebecs (genitive)
Quebec (genitive with-article)
Quebec (definite nominative singular)
Quebecs (definite genitive singular)
Quebec (definite genitive singular with-article)
Quebec (dative definite singular)
Quebec (accusative definite singular)
Québec (alternative)
Quebeck (alternative archaic)

Quebec, Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Montreal

Montreal n (proper noun, genitive Montreals or (optionally with an article) Montreal)

Montreals (genitive)
Montreal (genitive with-article)

Montreal (an island on which is situated the largest city in Quebec, Canada)


Korea

Korea (a geographic region consisting of two countries in East Asia, commonly known as South Korea and North Korea; formerly a single country)


Abdera

Abdera n (proper noun, genitive Abderas or (optionally with an article) Abdera)

Abderas (genitive)
Abdera (genitive with-article)
Abdera (definite nominative singular)
Abderas (definite genitive singular)
Abdera (definite genitive singular with-article)
Abdera (dative definite singular)
Abdera (accusative definite singular)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄβδηρα (Ábdēra).

lbor

Abdera (an ancient city in Thrace, in modern Greece)

Abdera (a modern municipality of Xanthi regional unit, in the administrative region of Thrace, Greece)


Amazonas

de-proper noun

Amazonas m (proper noun, strong, genitive Amazonas)

Amazonas (genitive)
Amazonas (nominative singular)
Amazonas (genitive singular)
Amazonas (dative singular)
Amazonas (accusative singular)


Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro n (proper noun, genitive Rio de Janeiros or (optionally with an article) Rio de Janeiro)

Rio de Janeiros (genitive)
Rio de Janeiro (genitive with-article)

Borrowed from Portuguese Rio de Janeiro.

a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the former capital of Brazil

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English


São Paulo

São Paulo n (proper noun, genitive São Paulos or (optionally with an article) São Paulo)

São Paulos (genitive)
São Paulo (genitive with-article)
Sao Paulo (alternative)


Paraná

Paraná m (proper noun, strong, genitive Paranás)

Borrowed from Spanish Paraná or Portuguese Paraná, both from Old Tupi paranã (“river”).

Paraná (a river in central and southern South America)


Paraná

Paraná n (proper noun, strong, genitive Paranás)

Paraná (a state of the South Region, Brazil; capital: Curitiba)

Paraná (the provincial capital of Entre Ríos, Argentina)

Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul#English

Paraná (a municipality of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)


Ontario

Ontario n (proper noun, strong, genitive Ontarios)


Assam

Assam n (proper noun, genitive Assams or (optionally with an article) Assam)

Assams (genitive)
Assam (genitive with-article)


Sydney

Sydney (the capital city of New South Wales, Australia)


Darwin

Darwin n (proper noun, genitive Darwins or (optionally with an article) Darwin)

Darwins (genitive)
Darwin (genitive with-article)

Northern Territory
Northern Territory#English

Darwin (the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia)


Ottawa

Ottawa n (proper noun, genitive Ottawas or (optionally with an article) Ottawa)

Ottawas (genitive)
Ottawa (genitive with-article)

Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; the capital city of Canada)


Belo Horizonte

Belo Horizonte n (proper noun, genitive Belo Horizontes or (optionally with an article) Belo Horizonte)

Belo Horizontes (genitive)
Belo Horizonte (genitive with-article)


Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur n (proper noun, genitive Kuala Lumpurs or (optionally with an article) Kuala Lumpur)

Kuala Lumpurs (genitive)
Kuala Lumpur (genitive with-article)

Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur#English:_Q1865

Kuala Lumpur (a federal territory, the capital and largest city of Malaysia, located in the western part of the country)


USA

die USA pl (proper noun, plural only, usually definite)

die USA (canonical plural)
USA (definite nominative plural)
USA (definite genitive plural)
USA (dative definite plural)
USA (accusative definite plural)
VSA (alternative archaic)

[ˌʔuː.ɛsˈʔaː]

[ˌʔuː.ʔɛsˈʔaː]

United States of America
United States of America#English

initialism of the United States of America: a country in North America: USA


Rom

Rom n (proper noun, genitive Roms or (optionally with an article) Rom, plural (rare) Rom or Roms)

Roms (genitive)
Rom (genitive with-article)
Rom (plural rare)
Roms (plural)

From Middle High German Rōme, from Old High German Rōma, a relatinisation of Rūma, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu.

Rome (a major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)

Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)


Asia

Asia n (proper noun, strong, genitive Asias or Asia)

(historical) Asia (an ancient province of the Roman Empire in modern western Turkey, existing between 133 BC (during the Roman Republic) and the 7th century AD)


Tibet

Tibet n (proper noun, genitive Tibets or (optionally with an article) Tibet)

Tibets (genitive)
Tibet (genitive with-article)
Thibet (alternative obsolete)


Hawaii

Hawaii n (proper noun, genitive Hawaiis or (optionally with an article) Hawaii)

Hawaiis (genitive)
Hawaii (genitive with-article)
Hawaï (alternative)
Hawai (alternative)

(specifically) Hawaii, Hawaii Island (an island of Hawaii archipelago, Pacific Ocean, of Hawaii County, State of Hawaii, United States)

Hawaii (an insular state of the United States, formerly a territory)


Amsterdam

Amsterdam n (proper noun, genitive Amsterdams or (optionally with an article) Amsterdam)

Amsterdams (genitive)
Amsterdam (genitive with-article)

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; the capital city of the Netherlands)


Buch

Buch n (proper noun, genitive Buchs or (optionally with an article) Buch)

Buchs (genitive)
Buch (genitive with-article)


Paris

Paris n (proper noun, genitive Paris' or (rare) Parisens or (with an article) Paris)

Paris' (genitive)
Parisens (genitive rare)
Paris (genitive)
Pareis (alternative obsolete)

From Middle High German Pārīs, from Old French Paris. The modern form follows non-diphthongising dialects, obviously reinforced by Modern French. The form Pareis still survives dialectally; compare also Luxembourgish Paräis, Dutch Parijs.

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


London

London n (proper noun, genitive Londons or (optionally with an article) London)

Londons (genitive)
London (genitive with-article)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)


Stockholm

Stockholm n (proper noun, genitive Stockholms or (optionally with an article) Stockholm)

Stockholms (genitive)
Stockholm (genitive with-article)


Madrid

Madrid n (proper noun, genitive Madrids or (optionally with an article) Madrid)

Madrids (genitive)
Madrid (genitive with-article)


Ankara

Ankara n (proper noun, genitive Ankaras or (optionally with an article) Ankara)

Ankaras (genitive)
Ankara (genitive with-article)

Ankara (the capital city of Turkey and the capital of Ankara Province)

Ankara (a province and metropolitan municipality in central Turkey around the city)


Schelde

die Schelde f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Schelde)

die Schelde (canonical feminine)
der Schelde (definite genitive)

Scheldt (a river in France, Belgium and the Netherlands, emptying into the North Sea)


Budapest

Budapest n (proper noun, genitive Budapests or (optionally with an article) Budapest)

Budapests (genitive)
Budapest (genitive with-article)


Aachen

Aachen n (proper noun, genitive Aachens or (optionally with an article) Aachen)

Aachens (genitive)
Aachen (genitive with-article)
Aachen (definite nominative singular)
Aachens (definite genitive singular)
Aachen (definite genitive singular with-article)
Aachen (dative definite singular)
Aachen (accusative definite singular)
Achen (alternative obsolete)
Ayghen (alternative obsolete regional)
Aechen (alternative obsolete regional)

From Old High German ahha (“flowing water”). Compare Aix, the French name for the city, from Latin aquis (“waters”).

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Aachen (a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)

Städteregion Aachen
Städteregion Aachen#German

a special district (Kommunalverband besonderer Art) of North Rhine-Westphalia; full name Städteregion Aachen


Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania n (proper noun, genitive Pennsylvanias or (optionally with an article) Pennsylvania)

Pennsylvanias (genitive)
Pennsylvania (genitive with-article)
Pennsylvanien (alternative)

Pennsylvania (a state of the United States)


Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi n (proper noun, genitive Abu Dhabis or (optionally with an article) Abu Dhabi)

Abu Dhabis (genitive)
Abu Dhabi (genitive with-article)
Abu Dhabi (definite nominative singular)
Abu Dhabis (definite genitive singular)
Abu Dhabi (definite genitive singular with-article)
Abu Dhabi (dative definite singular)
Abu Dhabi (accusative definite singular)

From Arabic أَبُو ظَبْي (ʔabū ẓaby), probably in part through English Abu Dhabi, as the transliteration dh for Arabic ظ (ẓ) is not common in German.

der

Arabic أَبُو ظَبْي (ʔabū ẓaby)

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Abu Dhabi (an emirate of the United Arab Emirates, on the southern Persian Gulf)

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates)


Bangkok

de-proper noun

Bangkok n (proper noun, genitive Bangkoks or (optionally with an article) Bangkok)

Bangkoks (genitive)
Bangkok (genitive with-article)


Barcelona

Barcelona n (proper noun, genitive Barcelonas or (optionally with an article) Barcelona)

Barcelonas (genitive)
Barcelona (genitive with-article)

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)


Basel

Basel n (proper noun, genitive Basels or (optionally with an article) Basel)

Basels (genitive)
Basel (genitive with-article)

Basel (the capital city of Basel-Stadt canton, Switzerland)


Belfast

Belfast n (proper noun, genitive Belfasts or (optionally with an article) Belfast)

Belfasts (genitive)
Belfast (genitive with-article)

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

Belfast (the capital city of Northern Ireland)


Berlin

Berlin n (proper noun, genitive Berlins or (optionally with an article) Berlin, plural Berlin)

Berlins (genitive)
Berlin (genitive with-article)
Berlin (plural)
Berl. (alternative abbreviation)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Berlin

→ Vietnamese: Béc-linh

Margraviate of Brandenburg
de:Belitz
de:Berlin

The place is first mentioned by this name in the late 12th century (as Middle Low German Berlyn).
The origin is unknown. Slavic by the suffix -in.
According to (incorrect) folk etymology, the name is derived from the Bär (“bear”) that is the symbol of the city.
In a popular etymology of Germanists, it is derived from a Polabian stem *berl- ~ *birl- (“swamp”), for which lexical item there is no evidence in Polabian nor in any Slavic language. Closest to that would be an unknown simpler relative of *bьrlogъ (“cave”).
Attested vocabulary is Polabian poro (“swamp, bog”). *bělь also meant a “swampy meadow” or “white field”, which fits the location at the märkische Streusandbüchse, the “Margraviate pounce box” notorious for its sandy soil, and is also the noun behind Belitz.

Flächenländer: Baden-Württemberg · Bayern · Brandenburg · Hessen · Niedersachsen · Mecklenburg-Vorpommern · Nordrhein-Westfalen · Rheinland-Pfalz · Saarland · Sachsen · Sachsen-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thüringen

Berlin ist mehr ein Weltteil als eine Stadt.

1800, Johann Paul Friedrich Richter, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

Berlin is more a part of a world than a city.

1910, Karl Scheffler, author of Berlin: Ein Stadtschicksal

Berlin is a city damned forever to become, never to be.

Berlin ist eine Stadt, verdammt dazu, ewig zu werden, niemals zu sein.

Berlin (the capital and largest city and state of Germany)


Dublin

Dublin n (proper noun, genitive Dublins or (optionally with an article) Dublin)

Dublins (genitive)
Dublin (genitive with-article)


Edinburgh

Edinburgh n (proper noun, genitive Edinburghs or (optionally with an article) Edinburgh)

Edinburghs (genitive)
Edinburgh (genitive with-article)

/ˈɛdɪnˌbaɹə/

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)

Edinburgh, Edinburgh (a council area of Scotland)


Florida

Florida n (proper noun, genitive Floridas or (optionally with an article) Florida)

Floridas (genitive)
Florida (genitive with-article)

At least since the 17th century; probably from Spanish or Dutch Florida, or maybe from English Florida.

Florida Peninsula
Florida Peninsula#English

Florida, Florida Peninsula (the peninsula which makes up most of the state of Florida, United States)


Glasgow

Glasgow n (proper noun, genitive Glasgows or (optionally with an article) Glasgow)

Glasgows (genitive)
Glasgow (genitive with-article)

/ˈɡlaːs.ɡɔʊ̯/

Glasgow (a city in Scotland, United Kingdom)


Helsinki

Helsinki n (proper noun, genitive Helsinkis or (optionally with an article) Helsinki)

Helsinkis (genitive)
Helsinki (genitive with-article)

Helsinki ist die nördlichste Hauptstadt auf dem europäischen Kontinent.

Helsinki is the northernmost capital city on the European continent.

Was heißt Sonnenuntergang auf Finnisch? – ? – Helsinki.

What is sunset in Finnish? – ? – Helsinki.

Helsinki (the capital city of Finland; a municipality, the capital of the region of Uusimaa, Finland)


Java

Java n (proper noun, genitive Javas or (optionally with an article) Java)

Javas (genitive)
Java (genitive with-article)

Java (an island of Indonesia, the world's most populous island)


Jerusalem

Jerusalem n (proper noun, genitive Jerusalems or (optionally with an article) Jerusalem)

Jerusalems (genitive)
Jerusalem (genitive with-article)

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Kabul

Kabul n (proper noun, genitive Kabuls or (optionally with an article) Kabul)

Kabuls (genitive)
Kabul (genitive with-article)


Lhasa

Lhasa n (proper noun, genitive Lhasas or (optionally with an article) Lhasa)

Lhasas (genitive)
Lhasa (genitive with-article)

Lhasa (the capital city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


Liverpool

Liverpool n (proper noun, strong, genitive Liverpools)

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)

Liverpool (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


Los Angeles

Los Angeles n (proper noun, genitive Los Angeles' or (with an article) Los Angeles)

Los Angeles ' (genitive)
Los Angeles (genitive)

Los Angeles (a large city in California, United States)


Manila

Manila n (proper noun, genitive Manilas or (optionally with an article) Manila)

Manilas (genitive)
Manila (genitive with-article)

Borrowed from Spanish Manila, from Tagalog Maynila, from may (“there is”) + nila (“indigo”), Tagalog nila from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines; the regional capital of Metro Manila, in the island of Luzon)


New York

New York n (proper noun, genitive New Yorks or (optionally with an article) New York)

New Yorks (genitive)
New York (genitive with-article)
New York (definite nominative singular)
New Yorks (definite genitive singular)
New York (definite genitive singular with-article)
New York (dative definite singular)
New York (accusative definite singular)
Newyork (alternative archaic)
Neuyork (alternative archaic)

New York, New York City (the largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey)


Orleans

Orleans n (proper noun, strong, genitive Orleanses)

/ɔʁləˈʔaːns/

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Orleans (a city in Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Oslo

Oslo n (proper noun, genitive Oslos or (optionally with an article) Oslo)

Oslos (genitive)
Oslo (genitive with-article)

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


San Francisco

San Francisco n (proper noun, genitive San Franciscos or (optionally with an article) San Francisco)

San Franciscos (genitive)
San Francisco (genitive with-article)
San Franzisko (alternative archaic)

San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


Seoul

Seoul n (proper noun, genitive Seouls or (optionally with an article) Seoul)

Seouls (genitive)
Seoul (genitive with-article)
Söul (alternative rare)
Soul (alternative rare)

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”).


Stuttgart

de-proper noun

Stuttgart n (proper noun, genitive Stuttgarts or (optionally with an article) Stuttgart)

Stuttgarts (genitive)
Stuttgart (genitive with-article)

→ English: Stuttgart

From Old High German stuotgarten (“stud farm”), from stuot (stud) + garten (garden). The city was founded in 950 CE by Duke Liudolf of Swabia to breed warhorses.

inh

Stuttgart (the capital and largest city of Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


Surinam

de-proper noun

Surinam n (proper noun, genitive Surinams or (optionally with an article) Surinam)

Surinams (genitive)
Surinam (genitive with-article)


Hamburg

Hamburg n (proper noun, genitive Hamburgs or (optionally with an article) Hamburg)

Hamburgs (genitive)
Hamburg (genitive with-article)

From the name of a fortress in the area, Hammaburg, first element of uncertain origin (possibly Old High German Hamme (“bend, angle”)) + -burg (“castle”).

Hamburg (the second-largest city in and simultaneously a state of Germany)


Hanoi

Hanoi n (proper noun, genitive Hanois or (optionally with an article) Hanoi)

Hanois (genitive)
Hanoi (genitive with-article)


Frankfurt

Frankfurt n (proper noun, genitive Frankfurts or (optionally with an article) Frankfurt, plural Frankfurt or Frankfurte or Frankfurts)

Frankfurts (genitive)
Frankfurt (genitive with-article)
Frankfurt (plural)
Frankfurte (plural)
Frankfurts (plural)

Literally, “ford of the Franks”, from Franke and Furt (“ford”).

Frankfurt am Main
Frankfurt am Main#English

Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (the largest city in Hesse, in central Germany)

Frankfurt an der Oder
Frankfurt an der Oder#English

Frankfurt, Frankfurt an der Oder (a town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany)


Tirana

Tirana n (proper noun, genitive Tiranas or (optionally with an article) Tirana)

Tiranas (genitive)
Tirana (genitive with-article)

Tirana (a municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality)


Tunis

Tunis n (proper noun, genitive Tunis' or (with an article) Tunis)

Tunis' (genitive)
Tunis (genitive)
Tunes (alternative obsolete)

Tunis (the capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


Turin

Turin n (proper noun, genitive Turins or (optionally with an article) Turin)

Turins (genitive)
Turin (genitive with-article)

Turin (the capital city of Piedmont, Italy)

Turin (a metropolitan city of Piedmont, Italy)


Zagreb

Zagreb n (proper noun, genitive Zagrebs or (optionally with an article) Zagreb)

Zagrebs (genitive)
Zagreb (genitive with-article)

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Salzburg

Salzburg n (proper noun, genitive Salzburgs or (optionally with an article) Salzburg)

Salzburgs (genitive)
Salzburg (genitive with-article)

From Salz (“salt”) + Burg (“castle, fort”), from its former importance guarding the salt trade on the Salzach, itself derived from Salz + Aach.


Hannover

Hannover n (proper noun, genitive Hannovers or (optionally with an article) Hannover)

Hannovers (genitive)
Hannover (genitive with-article)

From Middle Low German, from underlying an/up den hôen ôver (“on the high shore/bank”). Note that the area of central Hannover now called Am Hohen Ufer was banked up later and is not the at the origin of the city's name; it may rather have been called thus after the latter.

the capital and largest city of Lower Saxony, Germany

a special district (Kommunalverband besonderer Art) of Lower Saxony; full name Region Hannover

a former province of Prussia, in modern Germany


Emilia-Romagna

Emilia-Romagna n (proper noun, genitive Emilia-Romagnas or (optionally with an article) Emilia-Romagna)

Emilia-Romagnas (genitive)
Emilia-Romagna (genitive with-article)
Emilia-Romagna (nominative singular)
Emilia-Romagna (genitive singular)
Emilia-Romagna (dative singular)
Emilia-Romagna (accusative singular)

Emilia-Romagna (an administrative region of northern Italy)


Latium

Latium n (proper noun, genitive Latiums or (optionally with an article) Latium)

Latiums (genitive)
Latium (genitive with-article)
Latium (nominative singular)
Latiums (genitive singular)
Latium (dative singular)
Latium (accusative singular)

(historical) Latium (a historical region of central Italy, in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire)

Lazio (an administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital)


Molise

Molise n (proper noun, genitive Molises or (optionally with an article) Molise)

Molises (genitive)
Molise (genitive with-article)
Molise (nominative singular)
Molises (genitive singular)
Molise (dative singular)
Molise (accusative singular)

Molise (an administrative region of southern Italy)


Salerno

Salerno n (proper noun, genitive Salernos or (optionally with an article) Salerno)

Salernos (genitive)
Salerno (genitive with-article)
Salerno (definite nominative singular)
Salernos (definite genitive singular)
Salerno (definite genitive singular with-article)
Salerno (dative definite singular)
Salerno (accusative definite singular)

Salerno (a city and province of Campania, Italy)


Vereinigte Arabische Emirate

Vereinigte Arabische Emirate pl (proper noun, plural only, definite plural die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate)

die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (definite plural)
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate (nominative strong)
Vereinigter Arabischer Emirate (genitive strong)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten (dative strong)
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate (accusative strong)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (nominative weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (genitive weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten (dative weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (accusative weak)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (mixed nominative)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (genitive mixed)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten (dative mixed)
Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (accusative mixed)

/fɛɐ̯ˈaɪnɪçtə ˈʔaːʁaːbɪʃə ˈʔeːmɪʁaːtə/

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Limburg

Limburg n (proper noun, genitive Limburgs or (optionally with an article) Limburg)

Limburgs (genitive)
Limburg (genitive with-article)
Limburg (definite nominative singular)
Limburgs (definite genitive singular)
Limburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Limburg (dative definite singular)
Limburg (accusative definite singular)

The town in Hesse goes back to Old High German Lintpurc, Lintburk. The first element may be from Proto-Celtic *lindom (“lake”); the second is Burg (“fortification, castle”).

Limburg an der Lahn
Limburg an der Lahn#English

a town, the administrative seat of Limburg-Weilburg district, Hesse; official name: Limburg an der Lahn

Limbourg (a city and municipality of Liège, Wallonia, Belgium)


Namur

Namur n (proper noun, genitive Namurs or (optionally with an article) Namur)

Namurs (genitive)
Namur (genitive with-article)
Namur (definite nominative singular)
Namurs (definite genitive singular)
Namur (definite genitive singular with-article)
Namur (dative definite singular)
Namur (accusative definite singular)


Klausenburg

Klausenburg n (proper noun, genitive Klausenburgs or (optionally with an article) Klausenburg)

Klausenburgs (genitive)
Klausenburg (genitive with-article)
Klausenburg (definite nominative singular)
Klausenburgs (definite genitive singular)
Klausenburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Klausenburg (dative definite singular)
Klausenburg (accusative definite singular)
Clausenburg (alternative)
Clausenburgk (alternative)

Cluj-Napoca (a town in Transylvania, Romania)


Sarajevo

Sarajevo n (proper noun, genitive Sarajevos or (optionally with an article) Sarajevo)

Sarajevos (genitive)
Sarajevo (genitive with-article)
Sarajevo (definite nominative singular)
Sarajevos (definite genitive singular)
Sarajevo (definite genitive singular with-article)
Sarajevo (dative definite singular)
Sarajevo (accusative definite singular)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Sarajevo (a canton of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Sofia

Sofia n (proper noun, genitive Sofias or (optionally with an article) Sofia)

Sofias (genitive)
Sofia (genitive with-article)
Sofia (definite nominative singular)
Sofias (definite genitive singular)
Sofia (definite genitive singular with-article)
Sofia (dative definite singular)
Sofia (accusative definite singular)

Borrowed from Bulgarian Со́фия (Sófija).


Turku

Turku n (proper noun, genitive Turkus or (optionally with an article) Turku)

Turkus (genitive)
Turku (genitive with-article)

Southwest Finland
Southwest Finland#English

Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)


Baden-Württemberg

Baden-Württemberg n (proper noun, genitive Baden-Württembergs or (optionally with an article) Baden-Württemberg)

Baden-Württembergs (genitive)
Baden-Württemberg (genitive with-article)

Baden + Württemberg, the resulting Bundesland created from the merger of three smaller Bundesländer: Baden, Württemberg-Baden, and Württemberg-Hohenzollern.

Baden-Württemberg (a state in southwest Germany)


Brandenburg

Brandenburg n (proper noun, genitive Brandenburgs or (optionally with an article) Brandenburg)

Brandenburgs (genitive)
Brandenburg (genitive with-article)

The second element is from Burg; the first element is usually said to be of Slavic origin, possibly related to the root of the Czech city name Brno.

Brandenburg (a state in northeast Germany)

Brandenburg (a historical province of Germany)


Bremen

Bremen n (proper noun, genitive Bremens or (optionally with an article) Bremen)

Bremens (genitive)
Bremen (genitive with-article)

The place name is from Old Saxon bremo (“edge”), referring to its location on a riverbank, sharing a common Germanic origin with Old Norse barmr (“rim”) (modern English brim).

Bremen (the capital city of the state of Bremen, Germany)


Hesse

(Hesse) Hesse (a state of modern Germany)


Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern n (proper noun, genitive Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns or (optionally with an article) Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns (genitive)
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (genitive with-article)

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania#English

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (a state in northeast Germany)


Saarland

das Saarland n (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Saarlandes or des Saarlands)

das Saarland (canonical neuter)
des Saarlandes (definite genitive)
des Saarlands (definite genitive)


Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig-Holstein n (proper noun, genitive Schleswig-Holsteins or (optionally with an article) Schleswig-Holstein)

Schleswig-Holsteins (genitive)
Schleswig-Holstein (genitive with-article)
Schleswig-Holstein (nominative singular)
Schleswig-Holsteins (genitive singular)
Schleswig-Holstein (dative singular)
Schleswig-Holstein (accusative singular)

Schleswig-Holstein (a state in northern Germany)


Holland

Holland n (proper noun, genitive Hollands or (optionally with an article) Holland)

Hollands (genitive)
Holland (genitive with-article)

From Middle High German Hollant, from Old Dutch Hollant.

Die schönsten Weiden findet man in den beiden Hollanden und in Friesland.

1873, Wiener Weltausstellung 1873. Special-Catalog der Ausstellung des Königreichs der Niederlande nebst einem Uebersichtsplan dieser Ausstellung, page 24:

In jenen Provinzen, besonders den beiden Hollanden und Friesland, wo sehr grosse Landesstrecken nur aus den nebeneinander gelegenen Weiden bestehen, ist [...]

1885, Jahresbericht über die Leistungen auf dem Gebiete der Veterinär-Medicin. Vierter Jahrgang (Jahr 1884), page 36:

Holland (a traditional region of the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

(somewhat informal) Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Alexandria

Alexandria n (proper noun, genitive Alexandrias or (optionally with an article) Alexandria)

Alexandrias (genitive)
Alexandria (genitive with-article)
Alexandrien (alternative)

Borrowed from Latin Alexandrīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia).


Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki n (proper noun, genitive Thessalonikis or (optionally with an article) Thessaloniki)

Thessalonikis (genitive)
Thessaloniki (genitive with-article)
Saloniki (alternative)
Thessalonich (alternative)
Thessalonike (alternative)
Salonich (alternative)
Salonichi (alternative)
Thessalonichi (alternative)

Central Macedonia
Central Macedonia#English

Thessaloniki (a port city, the capital of Central Macedonia, in northern Greece)


Reykjavik

Reykjavik n (proper noun, genitive Reykjaviks or (optionally with an article) Reykjavik)

Reykjaviks (genitive)
Reykjavik (genitive with-article)
Reykjavík (alternative)


Skopje

Skopje n (proper noun, genitive Skopjes or (optionally with an article) Skopje)

Skopjes (genitive)
Skopje (genitive with-article)

Romanization of Macedonian Скопје (Skopje).

Skopje (the capital city of North Macedonia)


Vaduz

Vaduz n (proper noun, genitive Vaduz' or (with an article) Vaduz)

Vaduz' (genitive)
Vaduz (genitive)
Vaduz (definite nominative singular)
Vaduz' (definite genitive singular)
Vaduz (definite genitive singular)
Vaduz (dative definite singular)
Vaduz (accusative definite singular)

Attested as Faduzes, Faduzze, Vadutzze, Vaducz, Vadutz and Vaduz over the course of the 12th century.
Via Rhaeto-Romance auadutg from Latin aquaeductus.

Vaduz (a town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein)


Bretagne

die Bretagne f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Bretagne)

die Bretagne (canonical feminine)
der Bretagne (definite genitive)

Borrowed from French Bretagne. Doublet of Britannien.

Brittany (a cultural region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)

administrative region
administrative region

Brittany (an administrative region of northwest France, including most of the historic region of Brittany)


Valletta

Valletta n (proper noun, genitive Vallettas or (optionally with an article) Valletta)

Vallettas (genitive)
Valletta (genitive with-article)


Drenthe

Drenthe n (proper noun, genitive Drenthes or (optionally with an article) Drenthe)

Drenthes (genitive)
Drenthe (genitive with-article)
Drenthe (definite nominative singular)
Drenthes (definite genitive singular)
Drenthe (definite genitive singular with-article)
Drenthe (dative definite singular)
Drenthe (accusative definite singular)


Flevoland

Flevoland n (proper noun, genitive Flevolands or (optionally with an article) Flevoland)

Flevolands (genitive)
Flevoland (genitive with-article)
Flevoland (definite nominative singular)
Flevolands (definite genitive singular)
Flevoland (definite genitive singular with-article)
Flevoland (dative definite singular)
Flevoland (accusative definite singular)

Flevoland (a province of the Netherlands)


Friesland

Friesland n (proper noun, strong, genitive Frieslands)

(historical) Frisia (a traditionally Frisian-speaking coastal Western Europe, politically split between Netherlands and Germany)

Friesland (a rural district of Lower Saxony, Germany; seat: Jever)

Friesland (a province of the Netherlands)


St. Vincent und die Grenadinen

toponym,St\. Vincents und der Grenadinen

St. Vincent und die Grenadinen n (proper noun, genitive St. Vincents und der Grenadinen or (optionally with an article) St. Vincent und die Grenadinen)

St. Vincents und der Grenadinen (genitive)
St. Vincent und die Grenadinen (genitive with-article)
St. Vincent und die Grenadinen (definite nominative singular)
St. Vincents und der Grenadinen (definite genitive singular)
St. Vincent und die Grenadinen (definite genitive singular with-article)
St. Vincent und die Grenadinen (dative definite singular)
St. Vincent und die Grenadinen (accusative definite singular)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English:_Q757

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines)


Mexiko

Mexiko n (proper noun, genitive Mexikos or (optionally with an article) Mexiko)

Mexikos (genitive)
Mexiko (genitive with-article)
Mexico (alternative dated)
Mexicum (alternative obsolete)

→ Hunsrik: Mexiko

Borrowed from Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco.

Mexico (a country in North America, located south of the United States, and northwest of Guatemala and Belize from Central America)


Gelderland

Gelderland n (proper noun, genitive Gelderlands or (optionally with an article) Gelderland)

Gelderlands (genitive)
Gelderland (genitive with-article)
Gelderland (definite nominative singular)
Gelderlands (definite genitive singular)
Gelderland (definite genitive singular with-article)
Gelderland (dative definite singular)
Gelderland (accusative definite singular)

Gelderland (a province of the Netherlands)


Groningen

Groningen n (proper noun, genitive Groningens or (optionally with an article) Groningen)

Groningens (genitive)
Groningen (genitive with-article)
Groningen (definite nominative singular)
Groningens (definite genitive singular)
Groningen (definite genitive singular with-article)
Groningen (dative definite singular)
Groningen (accusative definite singular)

/ɡʁˈoːnɪŋən/

Groningen (a city and capital of Groningen, Netherlands)

Groningen (a province of the Netherlands)


Overijssel

Overijssel n (proper noun, genitive Overijssels or (optionally with an article) Overijssel)

Overijssels (genitive)
Overijssel (genitive with-article)
Overijssel (definite nominative singular)
Overijssels (definite genitive singular)
Overijssel (definite genitive singular with-article)
Overijssel (dative definite singular)
Overijssel (accusative definite singular)

[ˈoːvɐˌa͡ɪsəl]

Overijssel (a province of the Netherlands)


Utrecht

Utrecht n (proper noun, genitive Utrechts or (optionally with an article) Utrecht)

Utrechts (genitive)
Utrecht (genitive with-article)
Ütrecht (alternative dated)

Utrecht (a city and municipality, the capital of Utrecht province, Netherlands)


Nebel

Nebel n (proper noun, genitive Nebels or (optionally with an article) Nebel)

Nebels (genitive)
Nebel (genitive with-article)

a municipality on the island of Amrum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany


Niederlande

die Niederlande pl (proper noun, plural only, usually definite)

die Niederlande (canonical plural)
Niederlande (definite nominative plural)
Niederlande (definite genitive plural)
Niederlanden (dative definite plural)
Niederlande (accusative definite plural)

From nieder (“low, nether”) + Lande (“lands”), a plural of Land n: compare Lande n pl (“lands, regions”), Länder n pl (“lands, countries”), Länden f pl (“ship landings”).

compound

[...] vorzüglich aus den beiden Niederlanden, Frankreich und Deutschland.

1826, Joachim Heinrich Jäck, Reise durch England und die beiden Niederlande, page 268:

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Leningrad

de-proper noun

Leningrad n (proper noun, genitive Leningrads or (optionally with an article) Leningrad)

Leningrads (genitive)
Leningrad (genitive with-article)

(historical) Leningrad (a major city in Russia), now Saint Petersburg


Polen

Polen n (proper noun, genitive Polens or (optionally with an article) Polen)

Polens (genitive)
Polen (genitive with-article)
Pohlen (alternative)

Middle High German Polen, Polēnen, cp. Polen m pl (“Poles”). See Pole.


Kongo

der Kongo m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Kongo or des Kongos)

Kongo n (proper noun, genitive Kongos or (optionally with an article) Kongo)

der Kongo (canonical masculine)
des Kongo (definite genitive)
des Kongos (definite genitive)
Kongos (genitive)
Kongo (genitive with-article)
Kongo (definite nominative singular)
Kongo (definite genitive singular)
Kongos (definite genitive singular)
Kongo (dative definite singular)
Kongo (accusative definite singular)
Kongo (definite nominative singular)
Kongos (definite genitive singular)
Kongo (definite genitive singular with-article)
Kongo (dative definite singular)
Kongo (accusative definite singular)

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa, larger and to the east of the Republic of the Congo)

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Congo, Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Kongo

der Kongo (canonical masculine)
des Kongo (definite genitive)
des Kongos (definite genitive)

Congo (a major river in Central Africa which flows for about 4,380 km (2,720 miles) to the Atlantic Ocean in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, at times forming the border with the Republic of the Congo and Angola)


Ruanda

Ruanda n (proper noun, genitive Ruandas or (optionally with an article) Ruanda)

Ruandas (genitive)
Ruanda (genitive with-article)


Bratislava

Bratislava n (proper noun, genitive Bratislavas or (optionally with an article) Bratislava)

Bratislavas (genitive)
Bratislava (genitive with-article)
Bratislava (definite nominative singular)
Bratislavas (definite genitive singular)
Bratislava (definite genitive singular with-article)
Bratislava (dative definite singular)
Bratislava (accusative definite singular)

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


Aargau

der Aargau m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Aargaus)

der Aargau (canonical masculine)
des Aargaus (definite genitive)
AG (alternative)

/ˈaːɐ̯ˌɡaʊ̯/

From Old High German Aaregau (“Aargau”), compound of Aare + Gau.


Appenzell Innerrhoden

Appenzell Innerrhoden n (proper noun, genitive Appenzell Innerrhodens or (optionally with an article) Appenzell Innerrhoden)

Appenzell Innerrhodens (genitive)
Appenzell Innerrhoden (genitive with-article)
AI (alternative)

Appenzell Inner Rhodes
Appenzell Inner Rhodes#English

Appenzell Inner Rhodes (a canton of Switzerland)


Appenzell Ausserrhoden

Appenzell Ausserrhoden n (proper noun, genitive Appenzell Ausserrhodens or (optionally with an article) Appenzell Ausserrhoden)

Appenzell Ausserrhodens (genitive)
Appenzell Ausserrhoden (genitive with-article)
AR (alternative)
Appenzell Außerrhoden (alternative)

Appenzell Outer Rhodes
Appenzell Outer Rhodes#English

Appenzell Outer Rhodes (a canton of Switzerland)


Basel-Stadt

Basel-Stadt n (proper noun, strong, genitive (awkward) Basel-Stadts or (with an article) Basel-Stadt)

Basel-Stadts (genitive)
Basel-Stadt (genitive)
BS (alternative)


Basel-Landschaft

Basel-Landschaft n (proper noun, genitive Basel-Landschafts or (optionally with an article) Basel-Landschaft)

Basel-Landschafts (genitive)
Basel-Landschaft (genitive with-article)
BL (alternative)

Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Country (a canton of Switzerland)


Bern

Bern n (proper noun, genitive Berns or (optionally with an article) Bern)

Berns (genitive)
Bern (genitive with-article)
BE (alternative)

Bern (the capital city of Switzerland; the capital city of Bern canton)


Tigris

Tigris m (proper noun, strong, genitive Tigris)

Tigris (a major river in Turkey and Iraq in Mesopotamia)


Glarus

Glarus n (proper noun, genitive Glarus' or (with an article) Glarus)

Glarus' (genitive)
Glarus (genitive)
GL (alternative)
Glaris (alternative Alemannic)

Glarus (a town, the capital of Glarus canton, Switzerland)


Graubünden

Graubünden n (proper noun, genitive Graubündens or (optionally with an article) Graubünden)

Graubündens (genitive)
Graubünden (genitive with-article)
GR (alternative)

/ɡʁaʊ̯ˈbʏndən/

grau (“grey”) + Bund (“league”), related to the French name Grisons.


Jura

der Jura m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Juras)

der Jura (canonical masculine)
des Juras (definite genitive)
Jura (definite nominative singular)
Juras (definite genitive singular)
Jura (dative definite singular)
Jura (accusative definite singular)
JU (alternative)

Jura (a mountain range on the border of France and Switzerland, extending into Germany; in full, Jura Mountains)

Jura (a department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)

Jura (an island of the Inner Hebrides in Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland)


Nidwalden

Nidwalden n (proper noun, genitive Nidwaldens or (optionally with an article) Nidwalden)

Nidwaldens (genitive)
Nidwalden (genitive with-article)
NW (alternative)


Obwalden

Obwalden n (proper noun, genitive Obwaldens or (optionally with an article) Obwalden)

Obwaldens (genitive)
Obwalden (genitive with-article)
OW (alternative)


Schaffhausen

Schaffhausen n (proper noun, genitive Schaffhausens or (optionally with an article) Schaffhausen)

Schaffhausens (genitive)
Schaffhausen (genitive with-article)
SH (alternative)

Schaffhausen (the capital city of Schaffhausen canton, Switzerland)


Schwyz

From Latin Suittes (attested 972), perhaps from the Old High German verb swīdan (“to burn”), referring to a spot cleared by slash-and-burn, from Proto-West Germanic *swīþan; compare Old Norse svíða (“to burn, singe”).
In the High Middle Ages recorded as Swiz or Switz, by the late 15th to early 16th century as Schwitz or Schwytz. The territory of Schwyz (the later canton) is recorded in Middle Latin as vallis de Switz (“valley of Schwyz”) from circa 1300 (Federal Charter).


Schwyz

Schwyz (a town, the capital of Schwyz canton, Switzerland)


Solothurn

Solothurn n (proper noun, genitive Solothurns or (optionally with an article) Solothurn)

Solothurns (genitive)
Solothurn (genitive with-article)
SO (alternative)

Solothurn (the capital city of Solothurn canton, Switzerland)


St. Gallen

St. Gallen n (proper noun, genitive St. Gallens or (optionally with an article) St. Gallen)

St. Gallens (genitive)
St. Gallen (genitive with-article)
SG (alternative)
Sankt Gallen (alternative)

St. Gallen (the capital city of St. Gallen canton, Switzerland)


Thurgau

der Thurgau m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Thurgaus or des Thurgaues)

der Thurgau (canonical masculine)
des Thurgaus (definite genitive)
des Thurgaues (definite genitive)
TG (alternative)

[ˈtuːɐ̯ˌɡaʊ̯]


Uri

Uri n (proper noun, genitive Uris or (optionally with an article) Uri)

Uris (genitive)
Uri (genitive with-article)
UR (alternative)


Wallis

das Wallis n (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Wallis)

das Wallis (canonical neuter)
des Wallis (definite genitive)


Wallis

Wallis n (proper noun, genitive Wallis' or (with an article) Wallis)

From English Wales, perhaps influenced by etymology 1 above.

(obsolete) Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Zug

Zug n (proper noun, genitive Zugs or (optionally with an article) Zug)

Zugs (genitive)
Zug (genitive with-article)
Zug (definite nominative singular)
Zugs (definite genitive singular)
Zug (definite genitive singular with-article)
Zug (dative definite singular)
Zug (accusative definite singular)
ZG (alternative)

Originally a use of Etymology 1 above, referring to the pulling up of fish with nets.

northern and central Germany; now chiefly colloquial

Zug (the capital city of Zug canton, Switzerland)


Zürich

Zürich n (proper noun, genitive Zürichs or (optionally with an article) Zürich)

Zürichs (genitive)
Zürich (genitive with-article)
Zürich (definite nominative singular)
Zürichs (definite genitive singular)
Zürich (definite genitive singular with-article)
Zürich (dative definite singular)
Zürich (accusative definite singular)

[ˈt͡syː.ʁɪç]

From Old High German Zurih, from Latin Turicum.

Zurich (the capital city of Zurich canton, Switzerland)


Kambodscha

Kambodscha n (proper noun, genitive Kambodschas or (optionally with an article) Kambodscha)

Kambodschas (genitive)
Kambodscha (genitive with-article)
Cambodscha (alternative obsolete)


Devon

Devon n (proper noun, genitive Devons or (optionally with an article) Devon)

Devons (genitive)
Devon (genitive with-article)
Devon (nominative singular)
Devons (genitive singular)
Devon (dative singular)
Devon (accusative singular)

Devon (a small rural community of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada)

Devon (a former town in New Brunswick, Canada, now a part of Fredericton)

Devon (a village and neighborhood of Milford, Connecticut, United States)

unincorporated community
unincorporated community

New Castle County
New Castle County#English

Devon (an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States)

Devon (an unincorporated community in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States)

census-designated place
census-designated place

Devon (a census-designated place in Chester, Pennsylvania, United States)

Devon (an unincorporated community in Mingo County, West Virginia, United States)


Kentucky

Kentucky n (proper noun, strong, genitive Kentuckys)


Frankenstein

Frankenstein n (proper noun, genitive Frankensteins or (optionally with an article) Frankenstein)

Frankensteins (genitive)
Frankenstein (genitive with-article)
Frankenstein (definite nominative singular)
Frankensteins (definite genitive singular)
Frankenstein (definite genitive singular with-article)
Frankenstein (dative definite singular)
Frankenstein (accusative definite singular)

[ˈfʁaŋkŋ̩ˌʃtaɪ̯n]

Literally, “stone of the Franks,” from Franken + Stein.

a municipality in Kaiserslautern district, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany


Texas

Texas n (proper noun, genitive Texas' or (with an article) Texas)

From Spanish Texas, chiefly through English Texas.

Texas (a state in the south-central region of the United States)


Wien

Wien n (proper noun, genitive Wiens or (optionally with an article) Wien)

Wiens (genitive)
Wien (genitive with-article)

From Middle High German Wiene, Wienne, from Old High German Wienna, Wēnia, probably from a Vulgar Latin *Vedunia, itself from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”) or *weidus (“wild”). The Latin name Vindobona is probably not related at all, but at any rate cannot be the immediate source of the Old High German name.

Wien ist die Hauptstadt von Österreich.


Wien

die Wien f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Wien)

die Wien (canonical feminine)
der Wien (definite genitive)
Wien (nominative singular)
Wien (genitive singular)
Wien (dative singular)
Wien (accusative singular)

Wien (a river in Austria, flowing through Vienna)


Simbabwe

Simbabwe n (proper noun, genitive Simbabwes or (optionally with an article) Simbabwe)

Simbabwes (genitive)
Simbabwe (genitive with-article)


Kurdistan

Kurdistan n (proper noun, genitive Kurdistans or (optionally with an article) Kurdistan)

Kurdistans (genitive)
Kurdistan (genitive with-article)

Kurdistan (a cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria)

(by extension) Kurdistan (an autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)

(by extension) Kurdistan (a province in northwestern Iran, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


Saale

die Saale f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Saale)

die Saale (canonical feminine)
der Saale (definite genitive)

From a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *sélos (“salt marsh”).


Indonesien

de-proper noun

Indonesien n (proper noun, genitive Indonesiens or (optionally with an article) Indonesien)

Indonesiens (genitive)
Indonesien (genitive with-article)

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Hornburg

Hornburg (a castle in Wolfenbüttel district, Lower Saxony, Germany)


Hornburg

Hornburg n (proper noun, genitive Hornburgs or (optionally with an article) Hornburg)

Hornburgs (genitive)
Hornburg (genitive with-article)
Hornburg (definite nominative singular)
Hornburgs (definite genitive singular)
Hornburg (definite genitive singular with-article)
Hornburg (dative definite singular)
Hornburg (accusative definite singular)

Hornburg (a town in Wolfenbüttel district, Lower Saxony, Germany)


Europa

From Middle High German Eurōpā, borrowed from Latin Eurōpa, borrowed from Doric Greek Εὐρώπα (Eurṓpa).


Estland

de-proper noun

Estland n (proper noun, genitive Estlands or (optionally with an article) Estland)

Estlands (genitive)
Estland (genitive with-article)
Eestland (alternative obsolete)
Ehstland (alternative obsolete)
Esthland (alternative obsolete)

Russian: Эстляндия (Estljandija)

Perhaps from Medieval Latin Aestland (attested in Adam of Bremen), from the name of the Aestii tribe (see Wikipedia). But see Eesti for other possibilities.

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


Newcastle

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne#English

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)

Newcastle (a large city in New South Wales, Australia)

Newcastle (a large city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)


Russland

Russland n (proper noun, genitive Russlands or (optionally with an article) Russland)

Russlands (genitive)
Russland (genitive with-article)
Russland (nominative singular)
Russlands (genitive singular)
Russland (dative singular)
Russland (accusative singular)
Rußland (alternative)

Compound of Russe (“Russian (person)”) + Land (“country”).

com+

Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Oregon

de-proper noun

Oregon n (proper noun, strong, genitive Oregons)

Pacific Northwest
Pacific Northwest#English

Oregon (a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States)


Bayern

Bayern n (proper noun, genitive Bayerns or (optionally with an article) Bayern)

Bayerns (genitive)
Bayern (genitive with-article)
Bayern (definite nominative singular)
Bayerns (definite genitive singular)
Bayern (definite genitive singular with-article)
Bayern (dative definite singular)
Bayern (accusative definite singular)
Baiern (alternative)

From Middle High German Baiern, Beiern (older Beieren), a dative plural descendant of Old High German Beiara.

Bavaria (a historic region, former duchy, former kingdom, and modern state of Germany; the modern state includes parts of historical Swabia and Franconia as well as historical Bavaria)


Deutschland

Deutschland n (proper noun, genitive Deutschlands or (optionally with an article) Deutschland)

Deutschlands (genitive)
Deutschland (genitive with-article)
Deutschland (definite nominative singular)
Deutschlands (definite genitive singular)
Deutschland (definite genitive singular with-article)
Deutschland (dative definite singular)
Deutschland (accusative definite singular)
Teutschland (alternative obsolete)

From Middle High German Diutschlant, compound word formed from phrasings like diutsch lant n, diutsche lant n, in diutscheme lande n, ze diutischeme lande n, (in) diutschiu lant n pl. The adjective deutsch is from Middle High German diutsc, diutisch, diutsch, tiutsch, tiusch, from Old High German diutisc (of the people). More at Dutchland.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Slowenien

Slowenien n (proper noun, genitive Sloweniens or (optionally with an article) Slowenien)

Sloweniens (genitive)
Slowenien (genitive with-article)
Slowenien (definite nominative singular)
Sloweniens (definite genitive singular)
Slowenien (definite genitive singular with-article)
Slowenien (dative definite singular)
Slowenien (accusative definite singular)

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Gibraltar

Gibraltar n (proper noun, genitive Gibraltars or (optionally with an article) Gibraltar)

Gibraltars (genitive)
Gibraltar (genitive with-article)

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Österreich

Österreich n (proper noun, genitive Österreichs or (optionally with an article) Österreich)

Österreichs (genitive)
Österreich (genitive with-article)

→ Japanese: オーストリー (Ōsutorī)

/ˈøːstəˌʁaɪç/

/ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪ̯ç/

From Middle High German Osteriche, from Old High German Ostarrîchi (attested since 996); a compound of an element meaning "east" (cognate to modern German Ost (“east”)) and rīhhi (“realm”) (modern German Reich (“realm”)).


Frankreich

Frankreich n (proper noun, genitive Frankreichs or (optionally with an article) Frankreich)

Frankreichs (genitive)
Frankreich (genitive with-article)

/ˈfʁaŋkʁaɪ̯ç/

France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


Albanien

Albanien n (proper noun, genitive Albaniens or (optionally with an article) Albanien)

Albaniens (genitive)
Albanien (genitive with-article)
Albanien (nominative singular)
Albaniens (genitive singular)
Albanien (dative singular)
Albanien (accusative singular)

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Argentinien

Argentinien n (proper noun, genitive Argentiniens or (optionally with an article) Argentinien)

Argentiniens (genitive)
Argentinien (genitive with-article)


Armenien

Armenien n (proper noun, genitive Armeniens or (optionally with an article) Armenien)

Armeniens (genitive)
Armenien (genitive with-article)
Armenien (nominative singular)
Armeniens (genitive singular)
Armenien (dative singular)
Armenien (accusative singular)

Armenia (a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Dänemark

Dänemark n (proper noun, genitive Dänemarks or (optionally with an article) Dänemark)

Dänemarks (genitive)
Dänemark (genitive with-article)
Dänemark (nominative singular)
Dänemarks (genitive singular)
Dänemark (dative singular)
Dänemark (accusative singular)


Australien

Australien n (proper noun, genitive Australiens or (optionally with an article) Australien)

Australiens (genitive)
Australien (genitive with-article)

Australia (a country consisting of a main island, the island of Tasmania and other smaller islands, located in Oceania; historically, a collection of former colonies of the British Empire)


Aserbaidschan

Aserbaidschan n (proper noun, genitive Aserbaidschans or (optionally with an article) Aserbaidschan)

Aserbaidschans (genitive)
Aserbaidschan (genitive with-article)
Aserbaidshan (alternative East Germany archaic)

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus in Asia and Europe)

Azerbaijan (historical region comprising parts of the modern country and of northwestern Iran)


Bangladesch

Bangladesch n (proper noun, genitive Bangladeschs or (optionally with an article) Bangladesch)

Bangladeschs (genitive)
Bangladesch (genitive with-article)
Bangladesh (alternative)


Belgien

Belgien n (proper noun, genitive Belgiens or (optionally with an article) Belgien)

Belgiens (genitive)
Belgien (genitive with-article)

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Algerien

Algerien n (proper noun, genitive Algeriens or (optionally with an article) Algerien)

Algeriens (genitive)
Algerien (genitive with-article)
Algerien (nominative singular)
Algeriens (genitive singular)
Algerien (dative singular)
Algerien (accusative singular)


Weißrussland

Weißrussland n (proper noun, genitive Weißrusslands or (optionally with an article) Weißrussland)

Weißrusslands (genitive)
Weißrussland (genitive with-article)
Weißrussland (nominative singular)
Weißrusslands (genitive singular)
Weißrussland (dative singular)
Weißrussland (accusative singular)
Weissrussland (alternative)
Weißrußland (alternative)

From weiß (“white”) + Russland (“Russia”), a calque of Russian Белору́ссия (Belorússija). Cognate with Dutch Wit-Rusland, Afrikaans Wit-Rusland, German Low German Wittrussland, Alemannic German Wiissrussland, English White Russia, Danish Hviderusland, Faroese Hvítarussland, Swedish Vitryssland, Norwegian Bokmål Hviterussland, Norwegian Nynorsk Kviterussland, Icelandic Hvíta-Rússland, Limburgish Wit-Rusland, among others.


Zion

de-proper noun

Zion m (proper noun, strong, genitive Zions)

Zions (genitive)
Zion (nominative singular)
Zions (genitive singular)
Zion (dative singular)
Zion (accusative singular)
Sion (alternative)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Cìon, Цѝон

From Old High German Sion, from Ecclesiastical Latin Sīōn, from Koine Greek Σῑών (Sīṓn), from Biblical Hebrew צִיּוֹן (ṣiyyôn). Initial Z- was influenced by the Ashkenazi pronunciation /t͡s/.

(biblical) Zion (a hill in Jerusalem, Israel, on which ancient Jerusalem was partly built; a centrepiece to Biblical accounts of old days and future eschatological events)


Alaska

Alaska n (proper noun, genitive Alaskas or (optionally with an article) Alaska)

Alaskas (genitive)
Alaska (genitive with-article)

Borrowed from English Alaska, from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Alaska (a state of the United States, formerly a territory)

Alaska Peninsula
Alaska Peninsula#English

Alaska, Alaska Peninsula (a peninsula in southwest Alaska, United States, in full the Alaska Peninsula)


Arizona

Arizona n (proper noun, genitive Arizonas or (optionally with an article) Arizona)

Arizonas (genitive)
Arizona (genitive with-article)

/ˌɛɹiˈzɔʊ̯nɐ/

Arizona (a state in the southwestern United States, established 1912)


Irak

Irak m or n (proper noun, strong, genitive Iraks or Irak, plural Irak)

Iraks (genitive)
Irak (genitive)
Irak (plural)
Erack (alternative obsolete)
Irack (alternative obsolete)
Jerack (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).

bor+

, Siegfried Auermann, Germanen und Wikinger. Wikingerfahrten, Normanenreiche, Runenkunde, Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag Mannheim e.K., page 101

Dreißig Jahre nachher fuhren ſie auf Strömen und über Land in das Kaſpische Meer hinein, ſpäter drangen ſie gar bis nach Aserbeidſchan und in das Irak vor.

Auch mit ſeinem Halbbruder Mohammed mußte er hernach theilen h); dieſer behielt Aderbidſchan und ihm ſelbst blieb nur die Herrſchaft des Oſtens und die Oberlehnsherrſchaft über beide Irak.

1821, Friedrich Chriſtoph Schloſſer, Weltgeſchichte in zuſammenhängender Erzählung. Dritten Bandes erſter Theil, page 82:

Motenebbi hatte zwar ſelbst nach ſeiner Trennung von Seifeddewlet desſelben in mittelbarem und unmittelbarem Lobe gedacht, aber er fühlte ſich doch nicht mehr an deſſen Hof hingezogen, und begab ſich nun an den des großen Fürſten der Dynaſtie Bujeh, Adhad-ed-dewlet, welcher die beyden Irak (das arabiſche und perſiſche) beherrſchte, und wechſelweiſe in den Hauptſtädten dieſer beyden Länder, zu Schiraſ und Bagdad, reſidierte.

1824, Joſeph von Hammer, Motenebbi, der größte arabiſche Dichter, page XXIX:

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Area 51

de-prop

Area 51 f (proper noun, genitive Area 51)

Area 51 (genitive)
Area 51 (nominative singular)
Area 51 (genitive singular)
Area 51 (dative singular)
Area 51 (accusative singular)

Unadapted borrowing from English Area 51.

ubor

Nevada Test and Training Range
w:Nevada Test and Training Range

(science fiction or ufology, informal) Area 51 (a secret military facility, airport, and airbase in Nevada Test and Training Range, Nevada, United States)


Hollywood

de-proper noun

Hollywood n (proper noun, genitive Hollywoods or (optionally with an article) Hollywood)

Hollywoods (genitive)
Hollywood (genitive with-article)

Unadapted borrowing from English Hollywood.

ubor

Hollywood (a neighbourhood of Los Angeles, California, known as the center of the American motion picture industry)


Arkansas

de-proper noun

Arkansas n (proper noun, genitive Arkansas' or (with an article) Arkansas)

Arkansas' (genitive)
Arkansas (genitive)

Germanicised; slightly dated in educated speech

/ˈaʁkənˌsɔː/

approaching the dated or merely a supposed English pronunciation; proscribed

Arkansas (a state in the South Central region of the United States)


Colorado

Colorado n (proper noun, genitive Colorados or (optionally with an article) Colorado)

Colorados (genitive)
Colorado (genitive with-article)

From Spanish colorado, partly through English Colorado.

Colorado (a state in the western United States, the 38th state)


Iowa

Iowa n (proper noun, genitive Iowas or (optionally with an article) Iowa)

Iowas (genitive)
Iowa (genitive with-article)

Iowa (a state in the Midwestern region of the United States)


Illinois

Illinois n (proper noun, genitive Illinois' or (with an article) Illinois)

Illinois' (genitive)
Illinois (genitive)

From French Illinois, chiefly through English Illinois.

Illinois (a state of the United States, named for the people)


Missouri

Missouri n (proper noun, genitive Missouris or (optionally with an article) Missouri)

Missouris (genitive)
Missouri (genitive with-article)

Missouri (a state in the Midwestern region of the United States)


Missouri

der Missouri m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Missouris)

der Missouri (canonical masculine)
des Missouris (definite genitive)

Missouri, Missouri River (the longest river in North America, rising in the Rocky Mountains of western Montana and flowing roughly southeast over 2,300 miles through North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas and Missouri, before joining the Mississippi at St. Louis)


Nevada

Nevada n (proper noun, genitive Nevadas or (optionally with an article) Nevada)

Nevadas (genitive)
Nevada (genitive with-article)

Borrowed from English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”).

Nevada (a state in the western United States)


Ohio

Ohio n (proper noun, genitive Ohios or (optionally with an article) Ohio)

Ohios (genitive)
Ohio (genitive with-article)


Utah

Utah n (proper noun, genitive Utahs or (optionally with an article) Utah)

Utahs (genitive)
Utah (genitive with-article)

Utah (a state in the western United States)


Washington

Washington n (proper noun, genitive Washingtons or (optionally with an article) Washington)

Washingtons (genitive)
Washington (genitive with-article)
Washington (definite nominative singular)
Washingtons (definite genitive singular)
Washington (definite genitive singular with-article)
Washington (dative definite singular)
Washington (accusative definite singular)

Washington State
Washington State#English

Washington, Washington State (a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States)

Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.#English

Washington, Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)


Wisconsin

Wisconsin n (proper noun, genitive Wisconsins or (optionally with an article) Wisconsin)

Wisconsins (genitive)
Wisconsin (genitive with-article)

Wisconsin (a state in the Upper Midwest region of the United States)


Wyoming

Wyoming n (proper noun, genitive Wyomings or (optionally with an article) Wyoming)

Wyomings (genitive)
Wyoming (genitive with-article)

/waˈjɔʊ̯mɪŋ/

Wyoming (a state of the United States, formerly a territory)


Birmingham

Birmingham n (proper noun, genitive Birminghams or (optionally with an article) Birmingham)

Birminghams (genitive)
Birmingham (genitive with-article)

/ˈbœʁmɪŋˌhɛm/

Birmingham (a city in England, United Kingdom)

Birmingham (a city in Alabama, United States)


Manchester

Manchester n (proper noun, genitive Manchesters or (optionally with an article) Manchester)

Manchesters (genitive)
Manchester (genitive with-article)
Manchester (definite nominative singular)
Manchesters (definite genitive singular)
Manchester (definite genitive singular with-article)
Manchester (dative definite singular)
Manchester (accusative definite singular)

The fabric was primarily produced in Manchester.

Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester#English

Manchester (a major city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in northwestern England)


Rhein

der Rhein m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Rheins or des Rheines)

der Rhein (canonical masculine)
des Rheins (definite genitive)
des Rheines (definite genitive)
Rein (alternative obsolete)

→ Russian: Рейн (Rejn)

desc

→ Chinese: 萊茵 /莱茵 (Láiyīn) (transliteration)

From Middle High German Rīn, from Old High German Rīn, from Proto-West Germanic *Rīn (“the river Rhine”). The spelling with Rh- after Latin Rhenus, itself possibly a Hellenizing form.

inh

Meronyms: Alpenrhein, Hochrhein, Oberrhein, Mittelrhein, Niederrhein, Deltarhein

Rhine (a major river in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, France and the Netherlands, emptying into the North Sea)


Finnland

de-proper noun

Finnland n (proper noun, genitive Finnlands or (optionally with an article) Finnland)

Finnlands (genitive)
Finnland (genitive with-article)

From Old Norse Finnland, equivalent to Finne + Land.


Dresden

Dresden n (proper noun, genitive Dresdens or (optionally with an article) Dresden)

Dresdens (genitive)
Dresden (genitive with-article)

From Middle High German Dresden, from a Sorbian source akin to Lower Sorbian Drježdźany, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *dręzga, of which the locative case is *dręzdzě.

Dresden (an independent city, the capital city of Saxony)


Chicago

Chicago n (proper noun, genitive Chicagos or (optionally with an article) Chicago)

Chicagos (genitive)
Chicago (genitive with-article)
Chikago (alternative)

Chicago (a major city in Illinois, United States)


Spanien

Spanien n (proper noun, genitive Spaniens or (optionally with an article) Spanien)

Spaniens (genitive)
Spanien (genitive with-article)

→ Hunsrik: Spanje

From Middle High German Spane, from Old High German Spānia, from Latin Hispania.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Katalonien

Katalonien n (proper noun, genitive Kataloniens or (optionally with an article) Katalonien)

Kataloniens (genitive)
Katalonien (genitive with-article)

autonomous community
autonomous community

Catalonia (an autonomous community in northeast Spain)


Brasilien

Brasilien n (proper noun, genitive Brasiliens or (optionally with an article) Brasilien)

Brasiliens (genitive)
Brasilien (genitive with-article)

Brazil (a large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Bulgarien

Bulgarien n (proper noun, genitive Bulgariens or (optionally with an article) Bulgarien)

Bulgariens (genitive)
Bulgarien (genitive with-article)

/bʊlˈɡaːʁi̯ən/

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Kamerun

Kamerun n (proper noun, genitive Kameruns or (optionally with an article) Kamerun)

Kameruns (genitive)
Kamerun (genitive with-article)


Kanada

Kanada n (proper noun, genitive Kanadas or (optionally with an article) Kanada)

Kanadas (genitive)
Kanada (genitive with-article)
Canada (alternative obsolete)


Kroatien

Kroatien n (proper noun, genitive Kroatiens or (optionally with an article) Kroatien)

Kroatiens (genitive)
Kroatien (genitive with-article)

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Beirut

Beirut n (proper noun, genitive Beiruts or (optionally with an article) Beirut)

Beiruts (genitive)
Beirut (genitive with-article)


Owen

Owen n (proper noun, genitive Owens or (optionally with an article) Owen)

Owens (genitive)
Owen (genitive with-article)

From Middle High German ouwe (“terrain, landscape by water, in water, island”). Doublet of Aue (“floodplain”); see there for more.

inh

Owen (a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


Schlangen

de-proper noun

Schlangen n (proper noun, genitive Schlangens or (optionally with an article) Schlangen)

Schlangens (genitive)
Schlangen (genitive with-article)

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

a municipality of Lippe district, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany


Istanbul

Istanbul n (proper noun, genitive Istanbuls or (optionally with an article) Istanbul)

Istanbuls (genitive)
Istanbul (genitive with-article)
Stambul (alternative archaic)


Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires n (proper noun, genitive Buenos Aires' or (with an article) Buenos Aires)

Buenos Aires ' (genitive)
Buenos Aires (genitive)
Buenos Aires (definite nominative singular)
Buenos Aires' (definite genitive singular)
Buenos Aires (definite genitive singular)
Buenos Aires (dative definite singular)
Buenos Aires (accusative definite singular)

/ˌbu̯ɛnɔsˈʔaɪ̯rəs/

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


Freiburg

Freiburg n (proper noun, genitive Freiburgs or (optionally with an article) Freiburg)

Freiburgs (genitive)
Freiburg (genitive with-article)
FR (alternative)

/ˈfʁaɪ̯bʊʁk/

From frei (“free”) + Burg (“castle, fortress”).

af

de:Freiburg im Breisgau
de:Freiburg im Üechtland
de:Kanton Freiburg

Freiburg im Breisgau
Freiburg im Breisgau#English

Freiburg (an independent city in the Black Forest; the administrative seat of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; official name: Freiburg im Breisgau)

Freiburg im Üechtland
Freiburg im Üechtland#German

Fribourg (the capital city of Fribourg canton, Switzerland; official name: Freiburg im Üechtland)


Champagne

de-proper noun

Champagne f (proper noun, genitive Champagne)

Champagne (a cultural region and former province of France, the terroir of the wine champagne; now part of Grand Est region)


Abessinien

Abessinien n (proper noun, strong, genitive Abessiniens)

Abessiniens (genitive)
Abessynien (alternative archaic)
Habessinien (alternative archaic)
Habessynien (alternative archaic)

(historical) Abyssinia (former name of Ethiopia: a country and former empire in East Africa; used as an exonym until the mid 20th century)


Nordkorea

Nordkorea n (proper noun, genitive Nordkoreas or (optionally with an article) Nordkorea)

Nordkoreas (genitive)
Nordkorea (genitive with-article)
Nordkorea (definite nominative singular)
Nordkoreas (definite genitive singular)
Nordkorea (definite genitive singular with-article)
Nordkorea (dative definite singular)
Nordkorea (accusative definite singular)

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea; official name: Demokratische Volksrepublik Korea)


Mosambik

Mosambik n (proper noun, genitive Mosambiks or (optionally with an article) Mosambik)

Mosambiks (genitive)
Mosambik (genitive with-article)

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Köln

Köln n (proper noun, genitive Kölns or (optionally with an article) Köln)

Kölns (genitive)
Köln (genitive with-article)
Köln (definite nominative singular)
Kölns (definite genitive singular)
Köln (definite genitive singular with-article)
Köln (dative definite singular)
Köln (accusative definite singular)
Cöln (alternative obsolete)
Coelen (alternative obsolete)
Coellen (alternative obsolete)
Coelne (alternative obsolete)
Cölen (alternative obsolete)
Cöllen (alternative obsolete)
Cölln (alternative obsolete)
Cöllne (alternative obsolete)
Cölne (alternative obsolete)

→ Hungarian: Köln

→ Icelandic: Köln

→ Russian: Кёльн (Kjolʹn)

From Middle High German Cölne, syncope of Cölene, from Old High German [Term?], from Latin Colōnia (Agrippīna) (“Agrippine Colony”), short for Colōnia Claudia Āra Agrippīnēnsium, the official name of the original Roman settlement. A Middle High German byform was Cölen (with early apocope instead of syncope). To this form corresponds Dutch Keulen, while local Ripuarian Kölle can continue either variant. Doublet of Kolonie.

der

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Peking

de-proper noun

Peking n (proper noun, genitive Pekings or (optionally with an article) Peking)

Pekings (genitive)
Peking (genitive with-article)

Ultimately from the Nanking court dialect Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng) from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Compare Portuguese Pequim, Spanish Pekín, Dutch Peking, English Peking, French Pékin.

Tatsächlich jedoch dürfte vor allem die Angst vor der chinesischen Regierung überwiegen: Ein Rückzug von VW aus Xinjiang würde für Peking schließlich einen tiefen Gesichtsverlust darstellen.

2023 December 15, Fabian Kretschmer, “Zwangsarbeitsvorwürfe gegen Volkswagen: Zweifel an VW-Bericht zu Uiguren”, in Die Tageszeitung: taz, →ISSN:

Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Montenegro

Montenegro n (proper noun, genitive Montenegros or (optionally with an article) Montenegro)

Montenegros (genitive)
Montenegro (genitive with-article)

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)