abaxial

[aβ̞.ɑkˈs̺jɑɫ]

(medicine) abaxial (which is outside the line considered the axis of an organ)


anterior

(anatomy) anterior (nearer the forward end)


gripe

Attested since 1853. Borrowed from French grippe


sangría

[s̺ɑŋˈɡɾi.ɐ]

[s̺ɑŋˈɡɾi.ɐ]

[s̺ɑŋˈħɾi.ɐ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sangria (14th century). Probably borrowed from Old Spanish sangria.

inh+

se o Cauallo for groso et de ydade conprida dalle llogo a beber aa sa uontade primeiramente, et depois sangrao danbas llas ueeas das trincheiras et outrosy danbas llas ueeas das coixas en que a sangrya soen a fazer et saqenlle moito sange ataa que semelle que enfraqueçe

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:

if the horse is big and older, let him drink as much as he wants first, and then bleed him in both veins of the temples and also in both veins of the thighs, where they usually do the bloodlettings, and bleed him till he seems to faint


mama

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mama, from Latin mamma.


pa

pas (plural)
pá (alternative)
paa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese paa, from Latin pāla (“shovel, spade”).


corda

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese corda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin chorda (“cord”), from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string of gut, the string of a lyre”).


fronte

From Old Galician-Portuguese fronte, from Latin frontem, accusative of frōns.


colo

From Old Galician-Portuguese colo, from Latin collum (“neck”). Compare Portuguese colo and Spanish cuello.

(anatomy) neck; collum (part of body connecting the head and the trunk)

(anatomy) neck (part of a bone that connects its head to its body)

(anatomy) cervix (necklike portion of any part)


placenta

Borrowed from New Latin placenta, from Latin placenta (“cake”), from Ancient Greek πλακόεντα (plakóenta), accusative of πλακόεις (plakóeis, “flat”).


aba

Uncertain. Cognate with Portuguese aba, Spanish álabe, French aube, Romanian aripă.


costa

From Old Galician-Portuguese costa, from Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.

Dóenme as costas


temporal

13th century. Learned borrowing from Latin temporālis, from tempus (“time”).


teo

Attested since circa 1750. From Latin taedium. Doublet of tedio.

(veterinary medicine, pathology) scrapie

(veterinary medicine, pathology) coenurosis


garganta

[ɡɑɾˈɣ̞ɑn̪.t̪ɐ]

[ɡɑɾˈɣ̞ɑn̪.t̪ɐ]

[ħɑɾˈħɑn̪.t̪ɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese garganta; from a substrate language *gʷr̥h₃gn̥t- (“throat”), cognate with Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”) and English craw (from Proto-Germanic *k(w)ragan(þ)-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”). Alternatively, onomatopoeic.


aorta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “I lift, raise”).


sen

sens (plural)
ce (alternative)
cen (alternative)
ene (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese sem; either from a substrate language, or more likely from Old Occitan sen (“judgement”) and ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“sense, mind”) (cf. Vulgar Latin *sennus).


tibia

Attested since 1409 (tiva). Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.


sacro

Learned borrowing from Latin sacer, sacrum. Cf. also the inherited sagro.


frontal

[fɾon̪ˈt̪ɑɫ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese frontal, a learned borrowing from Medieval Latin frontalis (“frontal”), from Latin frons.


trauma

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

der

(medicine) trauma; serious physical injury


alta

(medicine) certificate of discharge (from a hospital)


cerebro

[θeˈɾɛ.β̞ɾʊ]

[θeˈɾɛ.β̞ɾʊ]

[seˈɾɛ.β̞ɾʊ]


anca

Attested from the 13th century. Either from Vulgar Latin *hanca or from Old French hanche, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hankō (related to *ankijǭ (“joint, limb”)). Compare English haunch.


brazo

From Old Galician-Portuguese braço, from Latin brachium, bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn).

(anatomy) the upper arm, from shoulder to elbow


coxa

coxas (plural)
conxa (alternative)
cuxa (alternative)

From an older coyxa (14th century), from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin coxa (“thigh”), from Latin coxa (“hip”).

se vsaren cauallgar en el por toios ou por llugares asperos a esto semellauijs, ven o Cauallo vsado a saltar et andar porllos llugares sobreditos, alçara as coixas et os pees mais apostamente pollos outros llugares

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 67:

if they happen to ride in [the horse] through gorses or through rough places similar to that, and the horse is used to jump and walk by the aforementioned places, then he will raise the thighs and the feet more handsomely when in other places


ventre

[ˈbɛn̪.t̪ɾɪ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese ventre, from Latin venter, ventrem, from Proto-Indo-European *wend-tri-.

que vira ao dito Johán, ome do dito prouisor, jaser ençima da dita Tareija do Tyollo et ela que tiña as pernas encrusilladas, descobertas, en çima fasta o ventre, ben brancas, et el que pona en ela as pernas e as maaos por las abryr et non podía, et por que as non quería abrir, que lle daba bofetadas et ela, descabellada, jasendo en terra, et disendo "Ay del Rey, ay del Rey".

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, page 337:

that he saw said Xoán, man of the provisor, lying over said Tareixa do Tiollo; and that she had her legs crossed and naked up to her belly and very white; and that he was putting his hands and legs on her for opening them but couldn't; and that because she didn't want to that he was slapping her, who were disheveled, lying in the ground and saying "Help! Help!".

et que, yndo él fogindo, lle lançara duas lanças e hua que lle dera por lo braço e llo pasara et a outra que lle puxeran por lle dar por lo ventre, et que, quando a vira vir, que a tomara por lo ferro, viindo por lo ayre, et que cortara a maao

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 340:

and that while he was fleeing he was thrown two spears, one that hit him in the arm and pierced it and another that was thrown to hit his belly, but that he, when he saw it coming, took it by the spearhead, while coming through the air, and it cut his hand


boca

From Old Galician-Portuguese boca, from Latin bucca.

Et auj́a o nariz alto por mesura et a boca ben feyta et dentes ben postos et brãcos et o queixo quadrado et o colo longo et as espádoas anchas

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 275:

He had a high and measured nose and his mouth was well formed; the teeth, well disposed, were white; and the chin was square and the neck long, his shoulders were broad


cervical

Borrowed from New Latin cervicalis, formed from the root of Latin cervix (“the neck, nape of the neck”) and -alis (see -al).


cadeira

[kɑˈð̞ej.ɾɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese cadeira, from Vulgar Latin *cathédra, from Latin cathedra, from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), from κατά (katá, “above”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “chair”). Cognate with Portuguese cadeira and Spanish cadera.


cu

From Old Galician-Portuguese cuu, from Latin cūlum (“ass”). Cognate with Portuguese cu.

(vulgar, anatomy) ass, arse, booty, rear, behind, butt, buttocks

faz cristel de huun canudo longo et groso et meteo no cuu do Cauallo, et parao ao sopee et llançalle por aquel cristel aquella decauçon tibya, et tanto que lla llançares tapa lle o Cuu con estopa ou con pano de gisa que non saya ende a decauçon

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 93:

prepare a enema with a long and thick cane and insert it in the anus of the horse, immobilize him and pour by the cane the lukewarm enema, and as soon as you have done that plug the anus with oakum or a cloth, so as the enema doesn't come out


pano

From Old Galician-Portuguese pano, from Latin pannus. Cognate with Portuguese pano and Spanish paño.

Auen aas uezes que da dita enfirmidade ou freura da cabeça juntanse os homores et corren aos ollos et fazenos llagrimeiar, et aas uezes aduz aos ollos nuuẽs et escuriduen et aas uezes pano, das quaes doores o Cauallo non pode ueer asy como conuen

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 111:

Sometimes it happen that because of this sickness or head fever, the humours came together and run into the eyes and make them teary, an sometimes it came to the eyes clouds and darkness, and sometimes cloth [cataract], and because of these aches the horse can not see as convenient


ataque

(pathology) attack (the sudden onset of a disease or condition)


bastón

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese baston (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin bastum. Cognate with Portuguese bastão and Spanish bastón.


perna

From Old Galician-Portuguese perna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin perna. Cognate with Portuguese perna and Spanish pierna.

(anatomy) shin, the region between the knee and ankle


nariz

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese nariz, from Late Latin nārīcem f, ultimately derived from Latin nāris. Compare Portuguese nariz m, Asturian, Aragonese, Ladino, and Spanish nariz f, Italian narice f.

cog

(anatomy) nose (a protuberance on the face housing the nostrils, which are used to breathe or smell)


palma

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese palma (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin palma.

inh+

Garda o Medullo do valor a palma.


tendón

tendóns (plural)
toldón (alternative)
tondón (alternative)

Ultimately from Medieval Latin tendō, from Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “sinew, tendon”)


seo

seos (plural)
sen (alternative Galician Northeastern)
seio (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese sẽo, from Latin sinus. Cognate with Portuguese seio and Spanish seno.

Amáñanse poñéndose moitos refaixos e cruzan os panos por diante o seo; todo pra aparentar máis gordas e rebustas: en vez de poñer as carnes ó aire, tápa-nas percurando aparecer que elas teñen moitas, aínda que falten pola casa. Dempois andan azoroñando a carón dos mozos i ós que queren pescar físga-nos polo rabiño do ollo. Si eles se fan de rogar entón carexan as mozas astra que miran pra elas

1908, Xesús Rodríguez López, Gallegadas, page 135:

They dress up with many underskirts and they cross the clothes before the bosom; all that so they seem fatter and more robust: instead of showing the flesh they cover it attempting to look as if they have much, even if it lacks at home. After this they wander around the boys, and the ones they want to fish, they catch them by the corner of the eye. If they play hard to get, then they speak together loudly till the boys look at them


vacío

Attested since circa 1300. From Latin vacīvus, from vacō. Compare Portuguese vazio and Spanish vacío.


parietal

From Latin parietālis (“relating to walls”), from pariēs (“wall of a house”).


verro

verros (plural)
barro (alternative)
belro (alternative)
berro (alternative)

Attested since the 18th century. Probably from Latin varus (“eruption”).

(veterinary medicine) cattle's subcutaneous swelling caused by larvae


carpo

(anatomy) carpal (any bone of the wrist)


galga

(by extension) each one of the two semicircular spans of a traditional wheel


peito

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peito, from Latin pectus (“chest, breast”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”). Compare Portuguese peito.


febre

From Old Galician-Portuguese febre, fever (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin febris, febrem (“fever”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷhris or *bʰebʰris.

(medicine) fever (high body temperature due to disease)


sarna

Attested since the 15th century. From Late Latin sarna, probably from Paleo-Hispanic.

Auen aas uezes que eno collo et eno rrabo do Cauallo fazese sarna et proido que lle arriga da Reiz os cabellos et tanto o faz esfregar que se esfolla en todo.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 121:

Sometimes in the neck and the tail of the horse there is scabies and itch that tear up the hairs by the roots, and made him rub so much that he even flays himself


trompa

From Old Galician-Portuguese tronpa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Onomatopoeic or alternatively from a Germanic language. Compare English trumpet and drum.

(anatomy) tube especially Fallopian tube (duct)


callo

From Old Galician-Portuguese *coallo, from Vulgar Latin, from Latin coagulum following syncopation. Doublet of the borrowing coágulo.

(anatomy) abomasum (fourth stomach compartment of a ruminant)


brilla

From Latin virilia (“manly”), from Latin vir (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.

(anatomy) Alternative form of virilla (“groin”)


constipado

gl-adj

constipado (feminine constipada, masculine plural constipados, feminine plural constipadas)

constipada (feminine)
constipados (masculine plural)
constipadas (feminine plural)

From Latin cōnstīpātus (“crowded or pressed closely together”).

der

(pathology) blocked up (nasally congested)


estribo

Unknown; probably from a Germanic language. Cognate with Spanish and Portuguese estribo, Catalan estrep, Occitan estreup, French étrier.


pulso

Learned borrowing from Latin pulsus (“beat; pulse”), from pellō (“I drive; I strike”).

lbor

(cardiology, uncountable) pulse (regular beat caused by the heart)

(cardiology, uncountable) heart rate (number of heart beats per unit of time)


melena

Learned borrowing from Latin melēna, from Ancient Greek μέλαινα (mélaina, “black”).


cranio

From Medieval Latin crānium (“skull”), from Ancient Greek κρανίον (kraníon, “skull”).


esterno

From New Latin sternum, from Ancient Greek στέρνον (stérnon, “chest, breastbone, heart”), from Proto-Indo-European *stern- (“forehead, chest, side”).


occipital

(anatomy) occipital, pertaining to the back of the head


afta

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄφθα (áphtha, “mouth ulcer”).


tripa

Unknown. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tripa (first attested in the 14th century).

inh+

Et deulle tã grã ferida cõ hũa lança que tragía que a loriga nõ lle prestou nada, et passou a lança perlo uẽtre del, et logo as tripas lle caerõ sóbrelo arçón da sela

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 461:

And he gave him such a blow with the spear he brought that the breastplate didn't render him any service at all, and the spear passed through his belly, and immediately his innards fell over the saddlebow

(anatomy, in the plural) innards; guts; bowls


venoso

gl-adj

venoso (feminine venosa, masculine plural venosos, feminine plural venosas)

venosa (feminine)
venosos (masculine plural)
venosas (feminine plural)

Probably a learned borrowing from Latin vēnōsus.

(anatomy) venous (of or relating to veins)


epidemia

[ɛpiˈðɛmi̯ɐ]

Attested since the 18th century. Learned borrowing from Latin epidēmia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιδήμιος (epidḗmios), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).


nacida

Attested since circa 1596. From nacer (“to born”) + -ida.

ben seria
 mirar a carnizeria
 ber a carne que se corta
 que algua sei que foi morta
 que seis naçidas tragia

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

Rather we
 inspect the butcher shop
 watch the meat they cut
 because some of it I think was dead
 because it brought six carbuncles

(pathology) carbuncle (abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin)


verruga

verrugas (plural)
berruga (alternative)
vorruga (alternative)
vurruga (alternative)
vurra (alternative)
borreca (alternative)

Attested, as toponym, since the 13ᵗʰ century. From Latin verrūca (“heights; wart”).

en aquel lugar que cortara naçeulle hũa atal com̃o berruga por que fazia sua ourina quando lle era mester

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 200:

on that place where it was cut down it grew one such as a wart, by which he made his urine whenever he needed to

(pathology) wart (type of growth occurring on the skin)


bazo

From Old Galician-Portuguese baço (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably from Latin badius (“reddish brown”).


queixo

From Old Galician-Portuguese queixo, from Vulgar Latin *capseus, from Latin capsa (“box”); compare with Portuguese queixo, cf. also Spanish quijada.

Et auj́a o nariz alto por mesura et a boca ben feyta et dentes ben postos et brãcos et o queixo quadrado et o colo longo et as espádoas anchas et os peytos moyto enformados.

He had a high and measured nose and his mouth was well formed; the teeth, well disposed, were white; and the chin was square and the neck long, his shoulders were broad, and his breast well developed


costado

From Old Galician-Portuguese costado (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin costātus.


reuma

Attested since the 15th century (rreima). Learned borrowing from Latin rheuma, from Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma), derived from ῥέω (rhéō, “I flow”).

Se os ollos foren escuros por rrazon da ferida ou de rreima que a elles deçer, abrirll'as os ollos en quatro dedos a defora et llançalle nos ollos sutilmente por canudo o sal mudo.

If the eyes are darkened because of a wound or of rheum that befall unto them, you should open up his eyes up to four inches and throw into them, delicately through a tube, the grounded salt


orella

orellas (plural)
orelha (alternative)
ourella (alternative)

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese orelha~orella, from Latin ōricula, variant of auricula.


nervio

From Old Galician-Portuguese nervio, nervo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin nervus (“nerve; tendon”). Cognate with Portuguese nervo, Spanish nervio.

Et el tragía en sua mão hũ arco, en que nõ auj́a madeyra, mays era todo feyto de coyros cruus et de neruos engrudidos per grãde arte et per grã maestría

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 398:

He was carrying a bow in his hand, not made of wood, but completely made with crude hides and glued tendons, with great art and great mastery

primeiramente pararas o Cauallo en lugar caente et caenta enno fogo pedras, et lançaas so o uentre do Cauallo, et Cubri o Cauallo de hũa cuberta de llãa, et llança sobre aquellas pedras agooa caente tanto que as faças fumegar en gisa que se uolua o Cauallo en suuor todo. Et depois çinllalle aquella cuberta, et este asesegado naqel lugar ataa que se cunsuma toda a suur del, et depois desto esfregalle os nerueos et as coixas ameude con azeite ou con manteiga, depois faze çenrrada de çinza das pallas do trigo et das allas pallas et das maluas, todo qeimado desuũo, et desta çernada caente qual a poder sofrer feiranlle as coixas et os neruos e non no mouer daquel lugar caente, et vusenlle destas cousas ataa que torne a seu estado.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 101:

first, you shall take the horse to a hot place, and heat on the fire some stones, and put them under the horse's belly, and cover the horse with a wool coverture, and pour over that stones hot water so that they steam in order that the horse covers in sweat. Then girth that coverture to the horse, and let he be in calm at that place till his sweat dries; and after this rub his tendons and thighs often with oil or butter, and after this make a lye with ashes of wheat straws and other straws and mallows, everything burnt together, and with this lye, as hot as he can take it, wash the tendons and thighs, and don't move him of that hot place, and use these things till he gets back to normal


pedra

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pedra, from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra). Compare Fala and Portuguese pedra.


prepucio

Learned borrowing from Latin praeputium.


lombo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lombo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin lumbus (“loin”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰw- (“kidney, waist”).

inh

Boteille catorce dentes fóra coa cachiporra [...] O lombo lle vai triscando

1671, Gabriel Feixoo de Arauxo, Entremés famoso sobre da pesca do río Miño, page 15:

I put out of him fourteen teeth with the club … his back is cracking as he walks away


glándula pineal

gl-noun

glándula pineal f (plural glándulas pineais)


epidídimo

From Ancient Greek ἐπιδιδυμίς (epididumís).


martelo

Attested since the 13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin martellus, itself a diminutive of martulus, variant of Latin marculus, or alternatively based on malleus.


toxicólogo

toxicólogo m (plural toxicólogos, feminine toxicóloga, feminine plural toxicólogas)

toxicólogos (plural)
toxicóloga (feminine)
toxicólogas (feminine plural)

(toxicology) toxicologist (scientist or physician whose specialty is toxicology)


adenina

(biochemistry, genetics) adenine (a base, C₅H₅N₅, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA)


columna vertebral

columna vertebral f (plural columnas vertebrais)


tórax

From Latin thōrax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “a breastplate, cuirass, corslet”).


sobrazo

Probably from a Vulgar Latin *subbracchium, from Latin sub- + bracchium. Or formed from Galician so (“under”) + brazo (“arm”). Compare Romanian subraț. Cf. also Galician sobaco.


ablación

ablacións (plural)
ablaçom (alternative)
ablação (alternative)


vea

From Old Galician-Portuguese vẽa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin vēna. Cognate with Portuguese veia and Spanish vena.

Et moy rregeo tãgeo o corno que pero que era de marfil que o fendeu cõ o bafo, et al quebrantouselle as veas do pescoço et os nerueos

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 136:

And very strongly he blew the horn, but since it was made of ivory he broke it with the puff, and also he broke the veins of the neck and the nerves

et dos ditos poos deuen vsar nos llugarres neruossos et jntrincados de veas et darterias porque se deuen cauidar de fazer en taes lugares talladuras nen queimaduras a nehua gisa

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 141:

and the aforementioned powders must be used in the [horse's] parts with nerves and entangled with veins and arteries, because one must refrain from cutting and burning those place in any way


catéter

Learned borrowing from Late Latin catheter, from Ancient Greek καθετήρ (kathetḗr).

lbor

(medicine) catheter (a small tube inserted into a body cavity)


amígdala

Learned borrowing from Latin amygdala, amygdalum, from Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”), due to its shape. Doublet of améndoa and mandorla.

der

(anatomy, immunology) tonsil (small lymphatic mass on each side of the throat)

(neuroanatomy) amygdala (region of the brain)


tarso

(anatomy) tarsal (any bone of the ankle)


xoga

(anatomy) ham (The region back of the knee joint)


nádega

Attested since circa 1350. From Late Latin natica, an adjectival term based on Latin natis (“rump, buttock”). Cognate with Portuguese nádega and Spanish nalga.

Et ãbos aviã os cabelos bõos et longos et que lles dauã [per] las nadegas.

c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 92

Both of them had long good hair, long to the buttocks

(anatomy, usually in the plural) buttock


empeña

Cognate with Portuguese empenha, Spanish empeine and French empeigne. Perhaps ultimately from Latin pecten (“comb”).


úvula

Borrowed from Late Latin ūvula (“small grape”), diminutive of Latin ūva.


gripo

foot-and-mouth disease
foot-and-mouth disease


entraña

Attested since circa 1370. From Latin interānea, from the plural of Latin interāneum (“gut, intestine”), substantive of interāneus (“internal, inward”). Compare Portuguese entranha, Spanish entraña, Catalan entranya, and French entrailles.


mitocondria

mitocondrias (plural)
mitocôndria (alternative)


etmoide

From Ancient Greek ἠθμοειδής (ēthmoeidḗs, “like a strainer or sieve”).


vómer

Learned borrowing from Latin vōmer (“ploughshare”).


maxilar superior

gl-noun

maxilar superior m (plural maxilares superiores)

(anatomy) the maxilla, the bone of the upper jaw


cigomático

gl-adj

cigomático (feminine cigomática, masculine plural cigomáticos, feminine plural cigomáticas)

cigomática (feminine)
cigomáticos (masculine plural)
cigomáticas (feminine plural)

(anatomy) zygomatic, pertaining to the zygomatic region of the skull


vértebra cervical

gl-noun

vértebra cervical f (plural vértebras cervicais)


vértebra torácica

vértebra torácica f (plural vértebras torácicas)


torácico

gl-adj

torácico (feminine torácica, masculine plural torácicos, feminine plural torácicas)

torácica (feminine)
torácicos (masculine plural)
torácicas (feminine plural)

From Ancient Greek θωρακικός (thōrakikós, “suffering in the chest, of the thorax”), from θώραξ (thṓrax, “thorax”).


vértebra lumbar

gl-noun

vértebra lumbar f (plural vértebras lumbares)


apéndice xifoide

apéndice xifoide m (plural apéndices xifoides)


cúbito

Learned borrowing from Latin cubitum (“elbow”). Compare the doublet cóbado.


falanxe

(anatomy, usually in the plural) phalanges


metacarpo

(anatomy) metacarpus (entire central hand)

(anatomy) metacarpal (any bone of the palm)


xeonllo

xeonllos (plural)
xeollo (alternative)
xoello (alternative)
xollo (alternative)
xonllo (alternative)
joelho (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese gẽolho, geonllo, gionllo, jeonllo, from Late Latin genuculum, alteration of Latin geniculum, diminutive of genū (“knee”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.
Cognate with Portuguese joelho and Spanish hinojo.

Johan de Naue, alfayate deſta mééſma villa, eſtãdo en geonloſ preſo cõ hũa cadẽa na gargãta τ húús ferros nos péés, ante Johan Beya, alcayde de Monte Rey por Roy Paez de Bema que o queriã yr juſtiçar τ matar

1332, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., p. 155

Johan de Nave, tailor of this town, being on his knees, prisoner with a chain on his neck and fetters on his feet, before Johan Beya, mayor of Monterrei in the name of Roi Paez de Bema, who wanted to sentence him to death and to kill him

1435, A. López Carreira, Fragmentos de notarios, doc. E2-8

... they approached said Goterre Afonso and that the mentioned Fernando de Mourelos extracted the sword from its scabbard against said Goterre Afonso, for killing him; and his companions, as they saw this, helped him against said Goterre Afonso, and consequently he gave him a large wound in the left leg, in which he injured him from under the knee till the heel

... que aderençaran ao dito Goterre Afonso et que o dito Fernando de Mourelos que sacara a espada da beyna contra o dito Goterre Afonso por lo matar, et seus conpaneiros como lo viran sacar que o ajudaran contra o dito Goterre Afonso, do qual lle logo deran huna grande ferida en huna perna esqerda, en que o feriran debayxo do gionllo ata o qualquanar


metatarso

(anatomy) metatarsus (entire central foot)

(anatomy) metatarsal (any bone of the central foot)


retículo endoplasmático

gl-noun

retículo endoplasmático m (plural retículos endoplasmáticos)

endoplasmic reticulum
endoplasmic reticulum


aparato de Golgi

aparato de Golgi m (plural aparatos de Golgi)


citoesqueleto

From cito- (“cyto”) + esqueleto (“skeleton”).


ácido nucleico

ácido nucleico m (plural ácidos nucleicos)


vesícula

Learned borrowing from Latin vēsīcula (“little bladder”).


mitocondrial

gl-adj

mitocondrial m or f (plural mitocondriais)


clítoris

From Ancient Greek κλειτορίς (kleitorís).


trapecio

From Late Latin trapezium, from Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion).


síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida

gl-noun

síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida f (uncountable)

acquired immune deficiency syndrome
acquired immune deficiency syndrome

(pathology) acquired immune deficiency syndrome


gorxa

From Old French gorge, from Late Latin gurga, likely connected to Latin gurges (“a whirlpool, eddy, gulf or sea”).

cog

A muller do Serafiño
Por unha pinga rabéa,
Quérea de cote a probiña,
E se non bebe, toléa.
Parece un longo varal,
tratándose de viño,
Gorxa tan ancha ela mostra
Com’a canle dun bô muíño.
Pro, se non vai por azumbres,
Logo dí qu’é pouquiniño.

c. 1840, Ramón Varela Vahamonde, Conversa entre os arrieiros:

Serafin's wife
for a drop rages;
she wants it all the time, poor thing,
and if she doesn't drink she goes mad.
She seems a long rod,
but when it is about wine,
she shows a gorge as wide
as the flume of a good mill.
But, if it doesn't come by gallons,
soon she said that it is too little.


artrítico

gl-adj

artrítico (feminine artrítica, masculine plural artríticos, feminine plural artríticas)

artrítica (feminine)
artríticos (masculine plural)
artríticas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin arthrīticus.

lbor

(pathology) arthritic (relating to or affected by arthritis)


disentería

(pathology) dysentery (disease characterised by inflammation of the intestines)


vaxina

Learned borrowing from Latin vāgīna. Compare the inherited doublet vaiña.


teto

From Old Galician-Portuguese teta (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), either from a West Germanic *titta (English tit, Dutch tiet, German Zitze) or either an expressive formation identical to it. Compare Portuguese teta, Spanish teta, French tette Cf. also Late Latin titta.


sintomático

gl-adj

sintomático (feminine sintomática, masculine plural sintomáticos, feminine plural sintomáticas)

sintomática (feminine)
sintomáticos (masculine plural)
sintomáticas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from New Latin symptomaticus, from Ancient Greek συμπτωματικός (sumptōmatikós, “of or relating to a chance (or a symptom), casual”), from σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a symptom”).

der

συμπτωματικός

(medicine) symptomatic (showing symptoms)


córnea

(anatomy) cornea (layer forming the front of the eye)


soro

Either from Paleo-Hispanic, or from Latin serum (“whey”).

(medicine) a solution of water, salt and sugar used to prevent dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting


queixada

From Old Galician-Portuguese queixada (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *capseāta, derivative of *capseus (“chin”) (whence Galician queixo), itself a derivative of Latin capsa (“box”), from capiō (“capture, take”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to take, seize, catch, grasp”). Cognate with Portuguese queixada and Spanish quijada.

que se faz na boca do Cauallo hũa enfirmidade de jnchaço ou de llandooas llongas en maneira de amendooas que apertan de dentro as qeixadas tanto que o cauallo non pode comer, et aas uezes jnchase toda a boca et o paadal tanto que adur pode comer

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 113:

that is made in the mouth of the horse a disease of swelling or of long glands, in the manner of almonds, that tighten from the inside the horse's jawbones, so much that the horse can't even eat, and sometimes all the mouth and the palate swell so much that hardly can he eat

deralle cõ aquela seeta por la queixada seestra e foralle por medeo da cabe[ç]a, et o biquo dela foralle ferir ẽna nariz.

1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: CSIC, page 1:

he hit the arrow on his left cheek, it went through the middle of the head, and the tip of it hurt him in the nose

que o dito Rugel que aderençara a lles tomar as capas et as fouces et lles deran senas befetadas enas queixadas

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 335:

that the aforementioned Rugel came up to them to take their cloaks and sickles, and that he gave them each a slap in the face


himen

(anatomy) hymen (membrane which occludes the vagina)


mormo

mormos (plural)
borme (alternative)
bormo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mormo, from Latin morbus.


vao

vaos (plural)
vau (alternative)
véa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese vao, from Latin vadum (“ford”), from Proto-Italic *waðom, from Proto-Indo-European *wh₂dʰóm, from *weh₂dʰ-.

(anatomy) flank (flesh between the last rib and the hip)


carbúnculo

carbúnculos (plural)
cabrunco (alternative)
carbunco (alternative)

Attested since 1370 century. Learned borrowing from Latin carbunculus. Doublet of caruncho.


diástole

Ultimately from Ancient Greek διαστολή (diastolḗ, “separation, drawing asunder”), from διά (diá, “apart”) + στέλλειν (stéllein, “send”). Cognate with Portuguese diástole.

der

(physiology) diastole (period when the heart refills with blood)


esclerose lateral amiotrófica

gl-noun

esclerose lateral amiotrófica f (uncountable)

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

(pathology, neurology) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (chronic, progressive disease characterised by degeneration of the central nervous system)


escrófula

Attested since 1409. Learned borrowing from Latin scrōfula (“little sow”).

lbor

aas vezes nace con algũas sobeg[e]dũes de carne ou de landoas que se geeran ontre o coiro e a carne, e son chamadas landoas o[u] [e]scrofulas, que dizen porcas

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 157:

sometimes it grows with some excess of flesh or of glands that are generated in between the skin and the flesh, and they are called glands or scrofulas, which they call porcas

(pathology) scrofula (a form tuberculosis)


bostela

bostelas (plural)
bustela (alternative)
postela (alternative)

Attested since circa 1750. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from *pustella, a diminutive from Latin pustula. Compare Portuguese bostela, Asturian postiella, Spanish postilla.

Non esbardallédes, Compadre; / habedevos de facer de cargo, / eu tiben un armallo á morte, / a Minjota cunha frebe / é os Rapases con bostelas, / mirà vos como podia / sair siquera da casa:

1807, anonymous author, Primeiro diálogo dos esterqueiros:

Don't rant, my friend. Consider that I had a bull just about to day, Mingota with a fever, and the children with pox; you'll tell me how I was supposed to even leave my house


torzón

torzóns (plural)
tarazón (alternative)
terzón (alternative)
trozón (alternative)


solla

→ Spanish: solla

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese solla (first attested in 1417), from Latin solea (“sole”). Cognate with Portuguese solha.

inh+

Quando o Cauallo ouver peeira deuen lle allinpar moy ben as huñas so as sollas do fondo do pee

1409, Jose Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 147:

When the horse has an ulcer, they should clean the hoof with great care under the soles at the bottom of the foot

(archaic, anatomy) sole (the bottom or plantar surface of the foot, the paw or the hoof)


bigornia

bigornias (plural)
bigorna (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin bicornia (“two-horned”). Compare Portuguese bigorna.


soá

soás (plural)
soán (alternative)
solá (alternative)
solana (alternative)
suá (alternative)
xoá (alternative)

Probably from Latin solana, from solum (“ground”).

Béixame en donde remata a soán!


bico do peito

gl-noun

bico do peito m (plural bicos dos peitos)


calcañar

[kɑɫ.kɑˈɲaɾ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese calcannar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from calcaño + -ar. Alternatively from Vulgar Latin *calcaneare. Cognate with Portuguese calcanhar.


virilla

virillas (plural)
virilha (alternative)
brilla (alternative)

From Latin virilia (“manly”), from Latin vir (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with Portuguese virilha.


ingua

From Latin inguina (“groin”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥gʷ-en-. Cognate with Portuguese íngua, Spanish ingle, French aine.


crica

Unknown. Perhaps onomatopoeic, from *klik; otherwise, maybe from Proto-Celtic *krīkʷā (“furrow, trench, comb”).


cunca

From Old Galician-Portuguese cunca, from Latin concha (“mussel, vessel”), from Ancient Greek κόγχη (kónkhē, “shell, mussel”).


espádoa

espádoas (plural)
espadoa (alternative)
pádoa (alternative)

13th century. Probably a semi-learned borrowing from Latin spatula (“broad, flat piece”), diminutive of spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “any broad blade, of wood or metal”). Cognate with Portuguese espádua.

der

Et assi acaeçeu que hũu dia, andando desarmado pela grã caentura que fazia, catando o muro do castelo per hu era mays fraco et per u se perderia mays agiña [...] que llj tirarõ hũa seeta, de que foy mal ferido ontre as espadoas.

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 262:

And so it happened that one day, as he walked unarmored because of the heat, watching the walls of the castle for finding where it were weaker and could be defeated sooner … they shot an arrow that mortally wounded him in between the scapules

Et auj́a o nariz alto por mesura et a boca ben feyta et dentes ben postos et brãcos et o queixo quadrado et o colo longo et as espádoas anchas et os peytos moyto enformados.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 275:

He had a high and measured nose and his mouth was well formed; the teeth, well disposed, were white; and the chin was square and the neck long, his shoulders were broad, and his breast well developed


faldra

13th century (sofaldrar). From Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽 (falþan), from Proto-Germanic *falþaną (“to fold”). Cognate with Portuguese fralda and falda, with Spanish falda and with English fold.


rexeitar

gl-verb

rexeitar (first-person singular present rexeito, first-person singular preterite rexeitei, past participle rexeitado)

rexeito (first-person present singular)
rexeitei (first-person preterite singular)
rexeitado (participle past)
rexeitar (impersonal infinitive)
rexeitar (first-person infinitive singular)
rexeitares (infinitive second-person singular)
rexeitar (infinitive personal singular)
rexeitarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
rexeitardes (infinitive plural second-person)
rexeitaren (infinitive personal plural)
rexeitando (gerund)
rexeitado (masculine participle past singular)
rexeitado (first-person masculine participle past singular)
rexeitado (masculine participle past second-person singular)
rexeitados (masculine participle past plural)
rexeitados (first-person masculine participle past plural second-person)
rexeitada (feminine participle past singular)
rexeitada (feminine first-person participle past singular)
rexeitada (feminine participle past second-person singular)
rexeitadas (feminine participle past plural)
rexeitadas (feminine first-person participle past plural second-person)
rexeito (first-person indicative present singular)
rexeitas (indicative present second-person singular)
rexeita (indicative present singular)
rexeitamos (first-person indicative plural present)
rexeitades (indicative plural present second-person)
rexeitan (indicative plural present)
rexeitaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rexeitabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rexeitaba (imperfect indicative singular)
rexeitabamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rexeitabades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rexeitaban (imperfect indicative plural)
rexeitei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
rexeitaches (indicative preterite second-person singular)
rexeitou (indicative preterite singular)
rexeitamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
rexeitastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
rexeitaron (indicative plural preterite)
rexeitara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
rexeitaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
rexeitara (indicative pluperfect singular)
rexeitaramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
rexeitarades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
rexeitaran (indicative pluperfect plural)
rexeitarei (first-person future indicative singular)
rexeitarás (future indicative second-person singular)
rexeitará (future indicative singular)
rexeitaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
rexeitaredes (future indicative plural second-person)
rexeitarán (future indicative plural)
rexeitaría (conditional first-person singular)
rexeitarías (conditional second-person singular)
rexeitaría (conditional singular)
rexeitariamos (conditional first-person plural)
rexeitariades (conditional plural second-person)
rexeitarían (conditional plural)
rexeite (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rexeites (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rexeite (present singular subjunctive)
rexeitemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rexeitedes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rexeiten (plural present subjunctive)
rexeitase (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rexeitases (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rexeitase (imperfect singular subjunctive)
rexeitásemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rexeitásedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rexeitasen (imperfect plural subjunctive)
rexeitar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
rexeitares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
rexeitar (future singular subjunctive)
rexeitarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
rexeitardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
rexeitaren (future plural subjunctive)
rexeita (imperative second-person singular)
rexeite (imperative singular)
rexeitemos (first-person imperative plural)
rexeitade (imperative plural second-person)
rexeiten (imperative plural)
non rexeites (imperative negative second-person singular)
non rexeite (imperative negative singular)
non rexeitemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
non rexeitedes (imperative negative plural second-person)
non rexeiten (imperative negative plural)

From Vulgar Latin *reiectare, from Latin rēiectus (“thrown back; rejected”), perfect passive participle of rēiciō (“I throw back; I repel; I reject”), from re- (“re-”) + iaciō (“I throw; I hurl”). Cognate with Portuguese rejeitar.

inh

(medicine) to reject a transplanted organ


artello

From Vulgar Latin *articlus, a syncopated form of articulus (digiti). Compare the learned and semi-learned doublets artículo and artigo. Cognate with Portuguese artelho, Spanish artejo, Catalan artell, French orteil.

Et tomarõ dous [uasos] d'esmeraldas preçiosas, as mays fremosas que nũca õme ueu, cheas de bálsamos et de aloe, et metérõlle y os pees ata os artillos

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 471:

They took two vessel of precious emeralds, the most beautiful never seen, full with balsams and aloe, and they put his feet there inside, up to the ankles


entrefollo

entrefollos (plural)
santafollo (alternative)

From Latin centum (“a hundred”) + folium (“leaf, sheet”), attracted by entre ("between; inside").


santafollo

santafollos (plural)
entrefollo (alternative)

From Latin centum (“a hundred”) + folium (“leaf, sheet”).


gallada

From gallar (“to branch, bifurcate”) + -ada.


illarga

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese illarga (14th century). From Vulgar Latin *iliarica, from Latin īlia, plural of īle (“guts, intestines”). Cognate with Portuguese ilharga.


xógara

xógaras (plural)
jógara (alternative)
xoga (alternative)

Unknown. Either from Paleo-Hispanic or from xogo (“game; articulation”).


serrapio

serrapios (plural)
sarrapio (alternative)

Unknown. Probably from a substrate language. Attested as sarrapio in local Medieval charters since the 10th century.


empola

(anatomy) ampulla (dilated end of a duct)


orizó

orizós (plural)
arizol (alternative)
orzón (alternative)
urizó (alternative)
urizol (alternative)
urzón (alternative)

From Latin hordeolus (“stye”, literally “little barley”). Cognate with Spanish orzuelo.

inh

(pathology) stye (bacterial infection of the eyelash or eyelid)


tirizó

tirizós (plural)
cericol (alternative)
chirizó (alternative)
terizó (alternative)
tirizol (alternative)
torzón (alternative)
tricó (alternative)
trizó (alternative)
trouzó (alternative)
turizó (alternative)

Uncertain. Cognate with Portuguese terçol.


esofáxico

gl-adj

esofáxico (feminine esofáxica, masculine plural esofáxicos, feminine plural esofáxicas)

esofáxica (feminine)
esofáxicos (masculine plural)
esofáxicas (feminine plural)

(anatomy) oesophageal (of or pertaining to the oesophagus)


pulpillo

pulpillos (plural)
porpullo (alternative)

From pulpa (“pulp”) + -illo. Compare Spanish pulpejo.


espiña

espiñas (plural)
espinha (alternative)
espía (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espinha (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin spīna (“thorn”), from spinus (“thorn bush”). Cognate with Portuguese espinha and Spanish espina.


espiñazo

espiñazos (plural)
espiazo (alternative)

Attested since the 14th century; from espiña + -azo. Cognate with Portuguese espinhaço and Spanish espinazo.

Et poso hũa seeta en seu arquo, et tendeu[o] o mais que podo, et tiroulle et deulle perlos costados, et pasoulos anbos de parte a parte perlo espinaço

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 588:

And he put an arrow in his bow, and bent it as much as he could, and shot and hit him on his side, and pierced them both from to side through the backbone


caruncho

carunchos (plural)
carbuncho (alternative)

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin carbunculus. Doublet of carbúnculo and carbunco.


sedeño

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from seda (“bristle”). Compare Portuguese sedenho, French séton, Old Occitan sedon.

1409,
et demays meter ll'as sedenos sooa garganta ende que os homores aian careira para sair fora porllo mouemento das sedas

even more, you shall insert setons under its throat so that the humors have a way to come out because of the movement of the bristles


padia

padias (plural)
pádea (alternative)
paria (alternative)

From Late Latin patĭna (“manger”), from Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē). Cognate with French panne, Gascon Occitan paneau, German Pfette (“purlin”).


ofraxe

From Late Latin suffrāgō, from sub- + *frāgō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrāg- (“rump, hock, hindquarters”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break, crack, split”).


sofraxe

sofraxes (plural)
sofragem (alternative)
fraxa (alternative)
ofraxe (alternative)
sufraxe (alternative)
xofraxe (alternative)
ufraxe (alternative)

Attested since the 18th century. From Late Latin suffragō (“hough, ham”), from sub- + *frāgō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrāg- (“rump, hock, hindquarters”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break, crack, split”). Catalan sofraja.

Deixame estàr à meu cabo
layandome do meu mal,
que abo fèllas farto teño;
grasias a Deus, que mo dà!
Dòncheme tànto as sofràxes
ô Peito, è aínda màis,
que de dia, nin de nòite
eu nunca podo acougàr.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Let me alone
complaining about my sickness,
which for sure I have more than enough;
thanks God, who gives that to me!
My houghs hurt so bad,
and my chest, and more,
that neither day or night
I can settle down

(anatomy) hough, poplit, ham (the region back of the knee joint)


caeira

From Old Galician-Portuguese cadeira, from Vulgar Latin cathégra, from Latin cathedra, from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), from κατά (katá, “above”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “chair”). Cognate with Portuguese cadeira.


escachapiollos

From escachar (“to brit”) + piollo (“louse”): "louse-breaker".

cachapiollos (alternative)
escochapiollos (alternative)


catarreira

Attested since the 19th century. From catarro (“cold; catarrh”) + -eira.


gripallada

[ɡɾipaˈʎaðɐ]


corentena

A semi-leaned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin quarentena.


tempas

From a derivative of Latin tempus, tempora, cf. the Vulgar Latin *temp(u)la.


lobado

lobados (plural)
alobado (alternative)
lobazo (alternative)

From lobo (“wolf”) + -ado, as it was thought that wolves transmitted this sickness.

(pathology) carbuncle (abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin)


mal cativo

Attested since the 18th century. From mal (“sickness”) cativo (“little”), "[the] little sickness"

Teño moitos calafrios,
á quentura ben detràs,
receo, si hè ò mal catìbo,
Dios che me'arrede detàl.

I have many shivers
the fever rises just next
I fear it is the mal cativo,
God keeps me away from that

(historical, pathology) an unidentified sickness (18th-19th centuries)

(folklore) a nervous sickness, thought to be caused by evil eye or other malediction


ollo do cu

From Old Galician-Portuguese olho do cuu (“asshole”). Cognate with Portuguese olho do cu.

inh

outros contaban que Beja
lle apretara as carabillas.
Esto ben podrà ser certo,
p[o]rq[u]e cando este Señor
lle berraba, el tembraba,
é aposto eu que tiña
ó ollo do cu tan cerrado,
que era imposible coupese
un grau de millo p[o]r el;

others told that Beja
had tightened his pegs.
This is probably true,
because when this lord
was shouting him, he was trembling
and I bet that
his asshole was so tight
that it was not possible that
a corn grain entered in it


úcera

úceras (plural)
úlcera (alternative)
urce (alternative)
úrcer (alternative)
úrsera (alternative)
úzara (alternative)

Attested since 1409. From Latin ulcera, plural of ulcus.

enton poras fero feruente Redondo na cabeça daquellas huceras ou vixigas que as qeime

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 81:

then you'll put a round red hot iron on the head of those ulcers or pocks for it to burn them


sarampelo

sarampelos (plural)
xarampelo (alternative)

Attested since circa 1750. Probably from Late Latin sirimpiō (attested by Isidore of Seville, further etymology unknown) and the diminutive suffix -elo. Compare Portuguese sarampão and Spanish sarampión.


vérrago

vérragos (plural)
bérrago (alternative)
érrago (alternative)
vergo (alternative)
vérrego (alternative)

Attested since the 18th century. Probably from Latin varus (“eruption”), influenced by verruga.

(veterinary medicine) cattle's subcutaneous swelling caused by larvae


tangaraño

tangaraños (plural)
engaraño (alternative)
tarangaño (alternative)
tangaranho (alternative)

[t̪ɑŋ.ɡɑˈɾa.ɲʊ]

[t̪ɑŋ.ɡɑˈɾa.ɲʊ]

[t̪ɑŋ.ħɑˈɾa.ɲʊ]

Attested since the 19th century. Unknown.


chavello

From chavella (“peg”). Compare Portuguese chavelho.

(figurative, anatomy) upper incisor, when very large

Non sei qué xuncras traguía na moleira o Seor Pedro, que o vin no outro onte carreirando, como un neno, e axuntando aos seus veciños, pra que onde ao seu palleiro fosen axiña a agoardá-lo; Eu non sei si un formigueiro de vermes lle boligaban entre os miolos dos sesos, pois semellaba a un doente, pro casi arrincando os pelos de debaixo da monteira, sin ton, nin son, e sin xeito; Eu non sei qué lle proía, eu non sei, si tiña o demo; porque os folgos eran fogos e os ollos dous candeeiros, e a cara toda prigada, amostrando os seus chavellos coa boca de un palmo aberta, babexado o fuciñeiro, parecía un estraloxe, un estraloxe de un vello

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferrocarril Compostalano:

I don't know what Judas was bringing in his brain Mr. Pedro, whom I saw the day before yesterday running around, as a kid, and gathering his neighbours asking them to come swiftly to his barn and wait for him; I don't know if a colony of worms was scampering around the center of his brains, because he looked as a madman, almost pulling out the hair from under the hat, without rhyme of reason, and without care; I don't know what was itching him, I don't know if he was possessed by a demon; because his breath was fire and the eyes two lamps, and the face all folded, showing his fangs with mouth open wide, the snout drooling, he looked as a ravel, an old man's ravel

(figurative, anatomy) canine tooth; fang, tusk


belida

belidas (plural)
bilida (alternative)
blida (alternative)
velida (alternative)
vilida (alternative)

(pathology) cataract (A clouding of the lens in the eye leading to a decrease in vision)


coxote

coxotes (plural)
conxote (alternative)
cuxote (alternative)

Attested since 1361. From coxa (“thigh”) + -ote.


pegamazo

Attested since 1409. From pegar (“to glue”). Cognate with Portuguese pegamasso.

A estas enfirmidades dos ollos faras taes meeziñas: primeiramente ao ollo que lagrimeja faras na fronte do cavalo estritorio, que quer dizer pegamaço como emprasto, e reel·lo ás a par das trincheiras; e filla o poo d’almecega e azeite e as craras dos ovos, e amasa todo moi ben e pono en pano de liño ancho de quatro dedos, e seja tan longo que atanga de űa trincheira aa outra en meio da f[r]onte. Ponlle este emprasto e teñao ata que se exuguen os ollos e, quando quiseres tirar este emprasto, mollao con azeite arredor e con agoa caente, e leva[n]tao levemente.

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 183:


xarampón

xarampóns (plural)
sarampón (alternative)

Probably from Late Latin sirimpiō (Isidore of Seville), further etymology unknown. Compare Portuguese sarampão and Spanish sarampión.


mal bravo

(folklore, medicine) folk name for the diphtheria, anthrax and other sickness


colleitizo

(folklore, medicine) an infectious sickness caused by the passage of vermin


ceo da boca

[ˈθɛʊ̯ daˈβokɐ]


citoxenética

gl-noun

citoxenética f (usually uncountable, plural citoxenéticas)


ortello

ortellos (plural)
ortelho (alternative)
artello (alternative)

From Vulgar Latin *articlus, a syncopated form of articulus (digiti). Compare the learned and semi-learned doublets artículo and artigo. Cognate with Portuguese artelho, Spanish artejo, Catalan artell, French orteil.