toro

13th century. Inherited from Latin torus, cognate with Spanish tuero. In the second meaning it is rather a learned borrowing from Latin from the same etymon.


arco

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese arco, from Latin arcus, from Proto-Italic *arkuos.


nave

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese nave, from Latin nāvis, nāvem.


frontal

[fɾon̪ˈt̪ɑɫ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese frontal, a learned borrowing from Medieval Latin frontalis (“frontal”), from Latin frons.

lbor

(architecture) frontal (the façade of a building.)


castelo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese castelo, from Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum (“fort”).

inh+

(architecture) castle (fortified stronghold)


ábaco

From Latin abacus, from Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax, “a calculation board covered with sand”).

der

(architecture) abacus (uppermost member or division of the capital of a column)


torre

From Old Galician-Portuguese torre, from Latin turris, turrem (“tower”), borrowed from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis).

(architecture, military) stronghold, keep, tower house

prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torre

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 806:

they tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower


fachada

Borrowed from Italian facciata (“façade”).


trabe

From Old Galician-Portuguese trave (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin trabem, accusative of trabs (“beam”). Cognate with Portuguese trave. Doublet of treu.

enno dito tenpo vos deuedes agisar et restoyrar a dita casa de todo adubeyro que ouuer mester, saluo ardendo ou quebrando traue, ou quaendo per pe

1378, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 252

during that time you must fix and restore that house of any need it can have, except if it burns, or the girder breaks, or it if collapses

(architecture) beam; girder; trave; crossbeam


estaca

Attested circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from unattested Medieval Latin *stacca, probably from Gothic *𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌺𐌰 (*staka), from Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.
Cognate with Portuguese estaca, Spanish estaca, Catalan estaca, Occitan estaca, Old French estaque and English stake.


terza

terzas (plural)
tercia (alternative proscribed)

From Old Galician-Portuguese terça, from Latin tertia.


arca

From Old Galician-Portuguese arca, archa, arqua, from Latin arca.

(historical, architecture) brattice (of a castle)


cuncha

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese concha (first attested in the 13th century). From Vulgar Latin *concla, from Latin conchula, diminutive of concha, from Ancient Greek κόγχη (kónkhē), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱongʰ-.


macizo

macizos (plural)
mocizo (alternative)
mociço (alternative)
maciço (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese maciço, from Vulgar Latin *massīcius. By surface analysis, masa + -izo.


ciborio

(ecclesiastical, architecture) ciborium (covered receptacle for holding the consecrated wafers)


machinal

Probably from Mozarabic *machinal, from Late Latin machina (“scaffold”), form machina (“machine, tool”). Cognate with Spanish mechinal.

(architecture) putlog hole; hole made in a wall and used for scaffolding or ventilation


agulla

From Old Galician-Portuguese agulla (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin acūcula, diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”).


fuste

13th century. From Latin fūstis (“staff, club”).


espadana

espadanas (plural)
espadaina (alternative)

From espada (“sword”), from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē). Cognate with Spanish espadaña.


peitoril

From Vulgar Latin *pectorilis, *pectorile, from Latin pectus (“chest”). Compare Spanish pretil.

Jten faser todo de nouo os peytorij́ns das ditas casas e poer jaztas e sobrejaztas, e rrecorrer o soyo dos sobrados das ditas casas.

1450, A. Fernández Salgado, editor, A documentación medieval de San Bieito do Campo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 88:

Item, to rebuild the parapets of the aforementioned houses, to put the bearers and the joists, and to lie down the planking of the upper floors


mainel

From Old French *meienel, from Vulgar Latin *medianellus, from Latin mediānus (“middle, central”). Cognate of French meneau, Catalan mainell.


troneira

troneiras (plural)
torneira (alternative)

(architecture, military) embrasure, crenel (indentation between the merlons of a battlement)


lanceiro

From Late Latin lanciārius, from Latin lancea + -ārius. By surface analysis, lanza + -eiro.

se alguas seeteyras ou lançeyros estan feytas en a parede da dicta casa, que as çarren de pedra et que as non abran nunca nen façan y outras alguas a saluo fique en o sotoo da dicta casa as lumeeyras que foren neçesarias et perteesçentes para dar lume ao dicto sotoo que non seian por maneyra de defensa algua

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

if some arrowslits or embrasures are built in the walls of that tower house, they must be closed in stone, never to be reopened, and they shouldn't build new ones, with this exception, that in the ground floor there should be enough and sufficient skylights for lightening the aforementioned ground floor, but as long as they can't be used for defense

(archaic, military, architecture) embrasure


armila

(architecture) annulet (ring-shaped molding at the top of a column)


bufarda

From bufar (“to buff”). Cognate with Spanish buharda, buhardilla.


florón

floróns (plural)
florom (alternative)
florão (alternative)


cruceiro

cruceiros (plural)
cruzeiro (alternative)

15th century. From cruz (“cross”) + -eiro. Cognate with Portuguese cruzeiro and Spanish crucero.

Dende o cruceiro tíñase unha vista xeral da igrexa.

There was a general view of the church from the crossing.

(architecture) crossing (the volume formed by the intersection of chancel, nave and transepts in a cruciform church; often with a tower or cupola over it)


lumieira

lumieiras (plural)
lumeira (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lumẽeira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin lūmināria (“skylight, window”), from Latin lūmen. Cognate with Spanish lumbrera (“louver”) and French lumière.


doela

doelas (plural)
duela (alternative)
duvela (alternative)

1434 ("duella"); from Old French douelle, diminutive of doue, from Latin doga (“vessel”). Cognate with Portuguese aduela, Spanish duela.

1434, Anselmo López Carreira (ed.), Libro de Notas de Álvaro Afonso (1434), Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, d. 169

[During the construction of the bridge of Ourense] you should pick and give a hundred yards of stone staves, which you should deliver carved; each yard of stone must measure four handspans, as measured by the belly of the stave

que collades et diedes colleytas enno monte das Trees çen varas de pedras de duellas, as quaes avedes de dar gastadas et que aja en cada vara de pedra quatro palmos de longo medidos por el vendre ventre dela duella

(architecture) voussoir (one of a series of wedge-shaped bricks forming an arch or vault)


antepeito

From ante (“berfore”) + peito (“chest”).


bordinga

/boɾˈðiŋɡa̝/

(architecture) putlog (one of the short pieces of timber on which the planks forming the floor of a scaffold are laid, one end resting on the ledger of the scaffold, and the other in a hole left in the wall temporarily for the purpose)


ucheira

ucheiras (plural)
oucheira (alternative)

Attested since 1234 (uscheria). From Old Galician-Portuguese, either from Latin ostiārius, from ostium (“door”), or from ustulāria from ustulō (“I scorch”).

(usually in the plural, architecture) jamb, especially of an oven


canzorro

canzorros (plural)
cazurro (alternative)

From can (“dog”). Compare also Portuguese cachorro.


xamba

From French jambe, from Late Latin gamba, from Ancient Greek κάμπη (kámpē), from Proto-Indo-European *kamp- (“to bend; crooked”). Compare Spanish jamba, English jamb.


cortalumes

(architecture) firewall (a fireproof barrier used to prevent the spread of fire between or through buildings, structures, electrical substation transformers, or within an aircraft or vehicle)


nembro

From Old Galician-Portuguese nembro, from Latin membrum (“member; limb”), from Proto-Indo-European *memso-, *mems-ro (“flesh”). Doublet of membro (“member”).


cornixa

Probably borrowed from French corniche, ultimately from Latin cornīx (“crow”).