-able

gl-adj

-able m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ables)


-udo

-udo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -uda, masculine plural -udos, feminine plural -udas)

-uda (feminine)
-udos (masculine plural)
-udas (feminine plural)

From Latin -ūtus. Compare Portuguese -udo, Spanish -udo, Italian -uto, and French -u.

cabeza (“head”) + -udo → cabezudo (“with big head; stubborn”)

guedella (“lock of hair”) + -udo → guedelludo (“long-haired”)

sorte (“luck”) + -udo → sortudo (“lucky”)

Forms adjectives and nouns from nouns for body parts to indicate that someone or something has a big example of or a large quantity of such parts.


-cida

gl-noun

-cida m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -cidas)

From Latin -cīda, from the base of caedō (“I cut, strike, kill”).

-cide (denoting a person or substance that kills)


-cida

gl-adj

-cida m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -cidas)


-ar

-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ares)

molécula (“molecule”) + -ar → molecular (“molecular”)

-ar; forms relational adjectives from nouns


-ar

gl-verb

-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -ei, past participle -ado)

-o (first-person present singular)
-ei (first-person preterite singular)
-ado (participle past)
-ar (impersonal infinitive)
-ar (first-person infinitive singular)
-ares (infinitive second-person singular)
-ar (infinitive personal singular)
-armos (first-person infinitive plural)
-ardes (infinitive plural second-person)
-aren (infinitive personal plural)
-ando (gerund)
-ado (masculine participle past singular)
-ado (first-person masculine participle past singular)
-ado (masculine participle past second-person singular)
-ados (masculine participle past plural)
-ados (first-person masculine participle past plural second-person)
-ada (feminine participle past singular)
-ada (feminine first-person participle past singular)
-ada (feminine participle past second-person singular)
-adas (feminine participle past plural)
-adas (feminine first-person participle past plural second-person)
-o (first-person indicative present singular)
-as (indicative present second-person singular)
-a (indicative present singular)
-amos (first-person indicative plural present)
-ades (indicative plural present second-person)
-an (indicative plural present)
-aba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-abas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-aba (imperfect indicative singular)
-abamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-abades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-aban (imperfect indicative plural)
-ei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
-aches (indicative preterite second-person singular)
-ou (indicative preterite singular)
-amos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
-astes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
-aron (indicative plural preterite)
-ara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
-aras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
-ara (indicative pluperfect singular)
-aramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
-arades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
-aran (indicative pluperfect plural)
-arei (first-person future indicative singular)
-arás (future indicative second-person singular)
-ará (future indicative singular)
-aremos (first-person future indicative plural)
-aredes (future indicative plural second-person)
-arán (future indicative plural)
-aría (conditional first-person singular)
-arías (conditional second-person singular)
-aría (conditional singular)
-ariamos (conditional first-person plural)
-ariades (conditional plural second-person)
-arían (conditional plural)
-e (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-es (present second-person singular subjunctive)
-e (present singular subjunctive)
-emos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-edes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-en (plural present subjunctive)
-ase (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-ases (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-ase (imperfect singular subjunctive)
-ásemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-ásedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-asen (imperfect plural subjunctive)
-ar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
-ares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
-ar (future singular subjunctive)
-armos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
-ardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
-aren (future plural subjunctive)
-a (imperative positive second-person singular)
-e (imperative positive singular)
-emos (first-person imperative plural positive)
-ade (imperative plural positive second-person)
-en (imperative plural positive)
non -es (imperative negative second-person singular)
non -e (imperative negative singular)
non -emos (first-person imperative negative plural)
non -edes (imperative negative plural second-person)
non -en (imperative negative plural)

fragmento (“fragment”) + -ar → fragmentar (“to fragment”)

forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word


-oso

gl-adj

-oso (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -osa, masculine plural -osos, feminine plural -osas)

-osa (feminine)
-osos (masculine plural)
-osas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -oso, from Latin -ōsus.

cobiza (“greed”) + -oso → cobizoso (“covetous; greedy”)

verme (“worm, maggot”) + -oso → vermioso (“wormy, maggoty”)


-ico

-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -icos, feminine plural -icas)

-ica (feminine)
-icos (masculine plural)
-icas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin -icus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin.


-ista

gl-noun

-ista m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -istas)

Learned borrowing from Latin -ista, from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs).


-mente

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -mente, inherited from Latin mente. Compare Portuguese -mente.

inh+

Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.


-azo

gl-noun

-azo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -azos, feminine -aza, feminine plural -azas)

-azos (plural)
-aza (feminine)
-azas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -aço, from Latin -āceus; cognate with Portuguese -aço and Spanish -azo.

anga (“handle; prong”) + -azo → angazo (“rake”)

baga (“grape”) + -azo → bagazo (“pomace”)

pedra (“stone”) + -azo → pedrazo (“hail, hailstone”)

forms nouns denoting belonging, relation, resemblance or containment of the thing suffixed

espiña (“spine”) + -azo → espiñazo (“spinebone”)

forms augmentatives, i.e. words expressing greatness or size

frecha (“arrow”) + -azo → frechazo (“arrow shot”)

moca (“club”) + -azo → mocazo (“punch, blow”)


-ón

-ón m (noun-forming suffix, plural -óns, feminine -ona, feminine plural -onas)

-óns (plural)
-ona (feminine)
-onas (feminine plural)
-om (alternative)
-ão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -on, probably from the ending of Latin words belonging to the Third Declension (-ō, -ōnem), used sometimes to change the sense or usage of original term. In this case, Galician -ón would be cognate to Portuguese -ão, Spanish -ón, Italian -one and French -on, compare Romanian -oi.

ornear (“to horn, trumpet”) + -ón → orneón (“drone of a bagpipe”)

pisar (“to press”) + -ón → pisón (“rammer”)

podar (“to prune”) + -ón → podón (“prunning hook”)

(added to verbs) a person or thing that does an action indicated by the root verb; used to form an agent noun

abella (“bee”) + -ón → abellón (“drone”)

cagalla (“dropping”) + -ón → cagallón (“turd”)

caixa (“box”) + -ón → caixón (“drawer”)

forms a noun from a different (usually larger) but related or similar one


-mento

-mento m (noun-forming suffix, plural -mentos)

[ˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese -mento, from Late Latin -mentum, -amentum, from Latin -menta.

-ment; forms nouns from verbs, with the sense of "result, product (of process)"


-dor

-dor m (noun-forming suffix, plural -dores, feminine -dora, feminine plural -doras)

-dores (plural)
-dora (feminine)
-doras (feminine plural)

From Latin -tōrem, accusative of -tor, from Proto-Italic *-tōr, from Proto-Indo-European *-tōr < *-tor-s.


-dor

gl-adj

-dor (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -dora, masculine plural -dores, feminine plural -doras)

-dora (feminine)
-dores (masculine plural)
-doras (feminine plural)

durmir (“to sleep”) + -dor → durmidor (“sleepy”)

encantar (“to enchant”) + -dor → encantador (“charming”)

falar (“to talk”) + -dor → falador (“talkative”)

-y, -ous, -ing, -ive; forms adjectives indicating habitually performing the specified verb


-ear

gl-verb

-ear (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -eo, first-person singular preterite -eei, past participle -eado)

-eo (first-person present singular)
-eei (first-person preterite singular)
-eado (participle past)
-ear (impersonal infinitive)
-ear (first-person infinitive singular)
-eares (infinitive second-person singular)
-ear (infinitive personal singular)
-earmos (first-person infinitive plural)
-eardes (infinitive plural second-person)
-earen (infinitive personal plural)
-eando (gerund)
-eado (masculine participle past singular)
-eado (first-person masculine participle past singular)
-eado (masculine participle past second-person singular)
-eados (masculine participle past plural)
-eados (first-person masculine participle past plural second-person)
-eada (feminine participle past singular)
-eada (feminine first-person participle past singular)
-eada (feminine participle past second-person singular)
-eadas (feminine participle past plural)
-eadas (feminine first-person participle past plural second-person)
-eo (first-person indicative present singular)
-eas (indicative present second-person singular)
-ea (indicative present singular)
-eamos (first-person indicative plural present)
-eades (indicative plural present second-person)
-ean (indicative plural present)
-eaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-eabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-eaba (imperfect indicative singular)
-eabamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-eabades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-eaban (imperfect indicative plural)
-eei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
-eaches (indicative preterite second-person singular)
-eou (indicative preterite singular)
-eamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
-eastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
-earon (indicative plural preterite)
-eara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
-earas (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
-eara (indicative pluperfect singular)
-earamos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
-earades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
-earan (indicative pluperfect plural)
-earei (first-person future indicative singular)
-earás (future indicative second-person singular)
-eará (future indicative singular)
-earemos (first-person future indicative plural)
-earedes (future indicative plural second-person)
-earán (future indicative plural)
-earía (conditional first-person singular)
-earías (conditional second-person singular)
-earía (conditional singular)
-eariamos (conditional first-person plural)
-eariades (conditional plural second-person)
-earían (conditional plural)
-ee (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-ees (present second-person singular subjunctive)
-ee (present singular subjunctive)
-eemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-eedes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-een (plural present subjunctive)
-ease (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-eases (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-ease (imperfect singular subjunctive)
-eásemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-eásedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-easen (imperfect plural subjunctive)
-ear (first-person future singular subjunctive)
-eares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
-ear (future singular subjunctive)
-earmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
-eardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
-earen (future plural subjunctive)
-ea (imperative positive second-person singular)
-ee (imperative positive singular)
-eemos (first-person imperative plural positive)
-eade (imperative plural positive second-person)
-een (imperative plural positive)
non -ees (imperative negative second-person singular)
non -ee (imperative negative singular)
non -eemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
non -eedes (imperative negative plural second-person)
non -een (imperative negative plural)

From Late Latin -izāre. Doublet of -izar, which was borrowed.

forms verbs from adjectives and nouns, equivalent to English -ize


-ó

From Old Galician-Portuguese -oo, from Latin -olus, and extension of -lus. Cognate with Spanish -uelo.

faceira (“cheek”) + -ó → faceiró (“pillow”)

(archaic) forms a diminutive or related noun, usually from masculine nouns


-ismo

gl-noun

-ismo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ismos)


-ura

-ura f (noun-forming suffix, plural -uras)

lento (“damp”) + -ura → lentura (“dampness”)

triste (“sad”) + -ura → tristura (“sadness”)

-ness (forms nouns of quality from adjectives)


-isco

gl-adj

-isco (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -isca, masculine plural -iscos, feminine plural -iscas)

-isca (feminine)
-iscos (masculine plural)
-iscas (feminine plural)

Probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz.

mouro (“Moor”) + -isco → mourisco (“Moorish”)


-eza

gl-noun

-eza f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ezas)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -eza, from Latin -itia.

triste (“sad”) + -eza → tristeza (“sadness”)

-ness; -ity (appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning “the state of ...”, “the quality of ...”, or “the measure of ...”)


-ola

-ola f (noun-forming suffix, plural -olas)

From Latin -olus. Doublet of -oa, which is no longer productive.

pixa (“penis”) + -ola → pirola (“dick”)

galiña (“hen”) + -ola → galiñola (“moorhen”)

indicates either a diminutive or sometimes a pejorative derived form


-scopio

-scopio m (noun-forming suffix, plural -scopios)

From Latin -scopium, based on Ancient Greek σκοπέω (skopéō, “I look, look at, examine”).


-ín

first-person singular
first-person singular#English

forms the first-person singular indicative preterite of -er and -ir verbs


-ín

gl-adj

-ín (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iña, masculine plural -íns, feminine plural -iñas)

-iña (feminine)
-íns (masculine plural)
-iñas (feminine plural)

(northeastern Galician) alternative form of -iño (diminutive suffix)


-ou

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ou, from Latin -āvit. Compare Portuguese -ou, Spanish -ó, and Italian -ò.

third-person singular
third-person singular#English

forms the third-person singular indicative preterite of a verb in -ar


-loxía

gl-noun

-loxía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -loxías)

From Latin -logia, from Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía).


-fobia

-fobia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -fobias)

From Ancient Greek -φοβία (-phobía), combining form of φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).


-filo

-filo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -filos, feminine -fila, feminine plural -filas)

-filos (plural)
-fila (feminine)
-filas (feminine plural)

From Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “beloved, loving”).


-fobo

gl-noun

-fobo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -fobos, feminine -foba, feminine plural -fobas)

-fobos (plural)
-foba (feminine)
-fobas (feminine plural)


-fobo

gl-adj

-fobo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -foba, masculine plural -fobos, feminine plural -fobas)

-foba (feminine)
-fobos (masculine plural)
-fobas (feminine plural)


-fono

gl-noun

-fono m (noun-forming suffix, plural -fonos)

From Ancient Greek -φωνος (-phōnos), from φωνή (phōnḗ, “sound”).


-metro

-metro m (noun-forming suffix, plural -metros)

From Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, “measure”).


-ción

gl-noun

-ción f (noun-forming suffix, plural -cións)

-cións (plural)
-çom (alternative)
-ção (alternative)

militarizar (“to militarize”) + -ción → militarización (“militarization”)

used in forming a noun to represent the property corresponding to a verb; -tion


-polio

-polio m (noun-forming suffix, plural -polios)

Derived, by analogy with monopolio (“monopoly”), from the root of Ancient Greek πωλέω (pōléō, “I sell”).


-ada

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ada, from Latin -āta.

forms the feminine singular past participle of verbs whose infinitive ends in -ar


-ada

-ada f (noun-forming suffix, plural -adas)

gaspallo (“chaff”) + -ada → gaspallada (“dead brushwood and leaves”)

rapaz (“boy”) + -ada → rapazada (“the young ones; a group of boys”)

trapallo (“rag, tatter”) + -ada → trapallada (“mess”)

forms nouns signifying a collective or large quantity

lar (“hearth”) + -ada → larada (“hearthful”)

man (“hand”) + -ada → mada (“handful”)

forms nouns, from the names of containers, meaning “as much as can be held by the container”; -ful

lacón (“pork shoulder”) + -ada → lacoada (“dish made of pork shoulder, greens and potatoes”)

forms nouns, from the names of food, meaning “a dish whose primary ingredient is that food”

cu (“butt”) + -ada → cuada (“pratfall”)

panca (“rod; lever”) + -ada → pancada (“blow with a staff, rod, etc.”)

forms nouns, from nouns denoting objects, meaning “a strike or blow with the object”

chegar (“to arrive”) + -ada → chegada (“arrival”)

forms nouns, from verbs, denoting the action of the verb

marmelo (“quince”) + -ada → marmelada (“quince jam”)

forms nouns, from the name of fruits, meaning “juice or jam made with that fruit”


-izar

gl-verb

-izar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -izo, first-person singular preterite -icei, past participle -izado)

-izo (first-person present singular)
-icei (first-person preterite singular)
-izado (participle past)
-izar (impersonal infinitive)
-izar (first-person infinitive singular)
-izares (infinitive second-person singular)
-izar (infinitive personal singular)
-izarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
-izardes (infinitive plural second-person)
-izaren (infinitive personal plural)
-izando (gerund)
-izado (masculine participle past singular)
-izado (first-person masculine participle past singular)
-izado (masculine participle past second-person singular)
-izados (masculine participle past plural)
-izados (first-person masculine participle past plural second-person)
-izada (feminine participle past singular)
-izada (feminine first-person participle past singular)
-izada (feminine participle past second-person singular)
-izadas (feminine participle past plural)
-izadas (feminine first-person participle past plural second-person)
-izo (first-person indicative present singular)
-izas (indicative present second-person singular)
-iza (indicative present singular)
-izamos (first-person indicative plural present)
-izades (indicative plural present second-person)
-izan (indicative plural present)
-izaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-izabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-izaba (imperfect indicative singular)
-izabamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-izabades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-izaban (imperfect indicative plural)
-icei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
-izaches (indicative preterite second-person singular)
-izou (indicative preterite singular)
-izamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
-izastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
-izaron (indicative plural preterite)
-izara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
-izaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
-izara (indicative pluperfect singular)
-izaramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
-izarades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
-izaran (indicative pluperfect plural)
-izarei (first-person future indicative singular)
-izarás (future indicative second-person singular)
-izará (future indicative singular)
-izaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
-izaredes (future indicative plural second-person)
-izarán (future indicative plural)
-izaría (conditional first-person singular)
-izarías (conditional second-person singular)
-izaría (conditional singular)
-izariamos (conditional first-person plural)
-izariades (conditional plural second-person)
-izarían (conditional plural)
-ice (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-ices (present second-person singular subjunctive)
-ice (present singular subjunctive)
-icemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-icedes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-icen (plural present subjunctive)
-izase (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-izases (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-izase (imperfect singular subjunctive)
-izásemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-izásedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-izasen (imperfect plural subjunctive)
-izar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
-izares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
-izar (future singular subjunctive)
-izarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
-izardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
-izaren (future plural subjunctive)
-iza (imperative positive second-person singular)
-ice (imperative positive singular)
-icemos (first-person imperative plural positive)
-izade (imperative plural positive second-person)
-icen (imperative plural positive)
non -ices (imperative negative second-person singular)
non -ice (imperative negative singular)
non -icemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
non -icedes (imperative negative plural second-person)
non -icen (imperative negative plural)

Borrowed from Late Latin -izāre. Doublet of -ear and -exar.


-encia

gl-noun

-encia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -encias)


-dromo

-dromo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -dromos)

From Ancient Greek δρόμος (drómos, “a course, race course, road”).


-ación

gl-noun

-ación f (noun-forming suffix, plural -acións)


-ónimo

-ónimo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ónimos)

From Ancient Greek ὄνυμα (ónuma), Doric dialectal form of ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).


-cracia

-cracia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -cracias)

From Ancient Greek -κρατία (-kratía), from κράτος (krátos, “power, rule”).


-crata

-crata m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -cratas)

From French -crate, back-formed from adjectives ending in -cratique, ultimately from Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “might, strength”).


-cidio

gl-noun

-cidio m (noun-forming suffix, plural -cidios)

From Latin -cīdium, from the base of caedō (“I cut, strike, kill”).


-idade

-idade f (noun-forming suffix, plural -idades)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -idade, from Latin -itātem, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.

auténtico (“authentic”) + -idade → autenticidade (“authenticity”)

forms nouns, from adjectives, indicating the state, property or quality of conforming to the adjective’s description; -ity; -ness; -hood


-ela

-ela f (noun-forming suffix, plural -elas)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ela, from Latin -ella.

cachada (“swidden”) + -ela → cacharela (“bonfire”)

rua (“street”) + -ela → ruela (“alley”)

espiña (“spine”) + -ela → espiñela (“metasternum”)

forms diminutives, especially of feminine nouns

bébedo (“drunk”) + -ela → bebedela (“drunkenness”)


-eira

-eira f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eiras)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -eira, from Latin -āria. Doublet of -ería and -aría.

mazá (“apple”) + -eira → maceira (“apple tree”)

laranxa (“orange”) + -eira → laranxeira (“orange tree”)

forms names of plants from the fruits or vegetables they produce


-eiro

-eiro m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eiros, feminine -eira, feminine plural -eiras)

-eiros (plural)
-eira (feminine)
-eiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -eiro, from Latin -ārius and -ārium, with metathesis of "i" (through a Vulgar Latin form *-airu). Compare Portuguese -eiro, Spanish -ero.

xardín (“garden”) + -eiro → xardineiro (“gardener”)

forms nouns from nouns or verbs, denoting someone who works with the suffixed noun or engages in the suffixed verb; -er; -eer

costa (“coast”) + -eiro → costeiro (“of the coast; someone who lives by the coast”)

forms nouns, from nouns denoting a location or type of location, meaning “someone from the location” and adjectives meaning “of, from or related to the location”

pexego (“peach fruit”) + -eiro → pexegueiro (“peach tree”)

forms nouns from the names of fruits or other plant products, denoting the plant bearing them, usually trees and shrubs

roupa (“clothes”) + -eiro → roupeiro (“wardrobe”)

forms nouns, from nouns, denoting a container or a place where there is plenty of the suffixed noun


-ança

From -anza, influenced by Portuguese -ança.

juntar (“to assemble, to meet”) + -ança → juntança (“meeting”)


-ento

gl-adj

-ento (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -enta, masculine plural -entos, feminine plural -entas)

-enta (feminine)
-entos (masculine plural)
-entas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ento, from Latin -entus.

balor (“mould”) + -ento → balorento (“mouldy”)

cheiro (“stench”) + -ento → cheirento (“stinky”)

ferruxe (“rust”) + -ento → ferruxento (“rusty”)

merda (“shit”) + -ento → merdento (“shitty”)

adjective-forming suffix meaning abounding in, full of; -y


-ización

gl-noun

-ización f (noun-forming suffix, plural -izacións)


-ego

gl-adj

-ego (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ega, masculine plural -egos, feminine plural -egas)

gl-noun

-ego m (noun-forming suffix, plural -egos, feminine -ega, feminine plural -egas)

-ega (feminine)
-egos (masculine plural)
-egas (feminine plural)
-egos (plural)
-ega (feminine)
-egas (feminine plural)

From Hispano-Celtic/Celtiberian -aikos, adapted to local Latin as -aecus. Cognate with Spanish -iego.

braña (“marsh”) + -ego → brañego (“marsh (relational)”)

labrar (“to plow”) + -ego → labrego (“farmer”)

forms adjectives and nouns from nouns and verbs, often indicating a relation, belonging, or origin


-ego

-egos (plural)
-ega (feminine)
-egas (feminine plural)

pomar (“apple tree”) + -ego → pumarega (“orchard”)

soar (“plot, site”) + -ego → soarego (“doorstep”)


-iño

gl-adj

-iño (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iña, masculine plural -iños, feminine plural -iñas)

gl-noun

-iño m (noun-forming suffix, plural -iños, feminine -iña, feminine plural -iñas)

-iña (feminine)
-iños (masculine plural)
-iñas (feminine plural)
-iños (plural)
-iña (feminine)
-iñas (feminine plural)
-ín (alternative Eastern Galician)
-ciño (alternative)
-cín (alternative)
-inho (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ĩo, from Vulgar Latin *-īnus. Cognate with Portuguese -inho, Asturian -ín, Italian -ino.

sentido (“sense”) + -iño → sentidiño (“common sense”)

rico (“rich; tasty”) + -iño → riquiño (“cute, adorable”)

forms diminutives of nouns, adjectives and adverbs in Galician, sometimes with semantic shift from the original noun


-iña

-iña f (noun-forming suffix, plural -iñas, masculine -iño, masculine plural -iños)

-iñas (plural)
-iño (masculine)
-iños (masculine plural)

forms diminutives of nouns, esp. feminine ones


-bre

-bre m (noun-forming suffix, plural -bres)

-bres (plural)
-obe (alternative)
-ove (alternative)

From Gallaecian -bris (compare Aviliobris) from Proto-Celtic *brixs (“fortified place”) from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥ǵʰs. Compare English -burgh.

place name deuterotheme which originally named Iron Age local fortified places


-pático

gl-adj

-pático (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -pática, masculine plural -páticos, feminine plural -páticas)

-pática (feminine)
-páticos (masculine plural)
-páticas (feminine plural)


-fóbico

-fóbico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -fóbica, masculine plural -fóbicos, feminine plural -fóbicas)

-fóbica (feminine)
-fóbicos (masculine plural)
-fóbicas (feminine plural)


-fóbico

gl-noun

-fóbico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -fóbicos, feminine -fóbica, feminine plural -fóbicas)

-fóbicos (plural)
-fóbica (feminine)
-fóbicas (feminine plural)


-ábel

gl-adj

-ábel m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ábeis)


-bilidade

gl-noun

-bilidade f (noun-forming suffix, plural -bilidades)

Example: culpable (“culpable or blameworthy”) + -bilidade → culpabilidade (“culpability”)

-bility; Form of -dade used generally for adjectives ending in -ble/-bel; Comparable generally to English suffix -ity


-elo

-elo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -elos)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -elo, from Latin -ellus, an extension of -lus. Compare Spanish -illo.

nó (“knot”) + -elo → noelo (“knuckle”)

fato (“cover, container > group”) + -elo → fatelo (“garment”)

(archaic) forms diminutives, especially of masculine nouns


-çom

From -ción, influenced by Portuguese -ção.

militarizar (“to militarize”) + -çom → militarizaçom (“militarization”)


-ádego

-ádego m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ádegos)

Inherited from Latin -āticus, -āticum. Cognate with Spanish -azgo, French -age, Portuguese -ádego. Doublet of -axe.

mordomo (“steward”) + -ádego → mordomádego (“stewardship”)

-ship; forms the office of the base word

porta (“gate”) + -ádego → portádego (“customs”)

forms names of taxes or institutions related to the base word


-axe

-axe f (noun-forming suffix, plural -axes)

-axes (plural)
-age (alternative)
-aje (alternative)
-agem (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -age, from Old French -age or Old Occitan -atge, from Latin -āticum. Doublet of -ádego.

cavar (“to dig”) + -axe → cavaxe (“digging”)

reciclar (“to recycle”) + -axe → reciclaxe (“recycling”)

forms uncountable action nouns from verbs, whose meaning expresses the action of doing the verb

crego (“priest”) + -axe → cregaxe (“clergy”)

tripa (“intestine”) + -axe → tripaxe (“guts”)

frío (“cold”) + -axe → friaxe (“coldness”)

por cento (“percent”) + -axe → porcentaxe (“percentage”)

tolo (“fool”) + -axe → tolaxe (“foolishness; nonsense”)

forms nouns for concepts related to the suffixed word


-ciño

-ciño m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ciños, feminine -ciña, feminine plural -ciñas)

-ciños (plural)
-ciña (feminine)
-ciñas (feminine plural)
-cín (alternative Eastern Galician)

From -c- + -iño. Compare Portuguese -zinho.

furón (“ferret”) + -ciño → furonciño (“wood mouse”)

can (“dog”) + -ciño → canciño (“little dog; pup”)


-aches

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -asche, alternative (Galician) form of -aste, from Latin -āstī, short counterpart to -āvistī. Cognate with Portuguese -aste and Spanish -aste.

inh+

amar (“to love”) + -aches → amaches (“[you] loved”)

cantar (“to sing”) + -aches → cantaches (“[you] sang”)

second-person singular
second-person singular#English

forms the second-person singular preterite indicative of a verb in -ar


-aría

gl-noun

-aría f (noun-forming suffix, plural -arías)

Learned borrowing from Latin -āria. Doublet of -eira and -ería.

pizza (“pizza”) + -aría → pizzaría (“pizzeria”)

forms names of places where the suffixed product is produced or sold, or the suffixed service is provided; -ery

carpinteiro (“carpenter”) + -aría → carpintaría (“carpentry”)

forms names of professions associated with the suffixed word; -ery

bruxa (“witch”) + -aría → bruxaría (“witchcraft”)

forms nouns indicating behaviour typical of the suffixed type of person


-aría

gritar (“to scream”) + -aría → gritaría (“[I/he/she/it] would scream”)

forms the first-person singular and third-person singular conditional of first-conjugation verbs


-crático

From Ancient Greek -κρατικός (-kratikós), from -κρατία (-kratía, “-cracy”), from κράτος (krátos, “strength, might, rule, authority”).


-uxe

-uxe f (noun-forming suffix, plural -uxes)

-uxes (plural)
-uge (alternative)
-uje (alternative)
-ugem (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese -uge, from Latin -ugo.

pelo (“hair”) + -uxe → peluxe (“little hair”)

pena (“feather (archaic)”) + -uxe → penuxe (“little feathers”)

albar (“white [also from the root alb- of other words like albeiro or albariño]”) + -uxe → albuxe (“albugo, white spot on the eye”)

la (“wool”) + -uxe → lanuxe (“lanugo, thin wool”)

ferro (“iron”) + -uxe → ferruxe (“ferrugo, rust”)

?fel (“gall, bile”) + -uxe → feluxe (“soot”)

?mel (“honey”) + -uxe → meluxe (“thin [person]”)

?virar (“to turn”) + -uxe → viruxe (“cold, wind”)

forms abstract or uncountable feminine nouns, meaning a material with slightly the properties of the base