de

Etymology tree
Old Galician-Portuguese de
Galician de
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese de. Cognate with Portuguese de.

etymon

Veño de Lugo.

Socorro é a avoa de Clara e de Daniel.

Socorro is Clara and Daniel's grandmother


en

From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

O Manuel vai na casa

Manuel went home (implying that eventually he'll be back)

María beberrica no licor

En escoitalo, señor tio Calacú, xà o peléxo do meu corpo tembra. Sei que á tanta agua que acarrexóu amolentoulle os miolos, é por eso louquéa

1822, anonymous author, A Parola Polêteca:

While listening to you, my sir uncle Pumpkin, my body's skin trembles. Perhaps the much water you have carried softened you brain, and therefore you are going insane

xa morder ti ben non podes
con tal podrico nos dentes,
inda no pan teño mentes
seique non podes chanchar

1853, Xosé Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega:

you can no longer aptly eat
with such rottenness in you teeth,
even bread, I think,
probably you cannot gnaw [chanchar means "bite", but en preceding pan, "bread", implies a repeated action]

when preceding a verb or a complement of a verb it can denote an unfinished or continued action:


menos

From Old Galician-Portuguese menos, which displaced the semi-learned form mẽos, learned borrowing from Latin minus comparative of parum.

Vinche todos eses filmes menos o último

I saw all that movies, except the last one


so

From Old Galician-Portuguese so, su, sob, from Latin sub.


con

From Old Galician-Portuguese con, from Latin cum (“with”).


segundo

From Old Galician-Portuguese segundo, from Latin secundus, probably taken as a semi-learned term.


sobre

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sobre, from Latin super.


por

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō (“for”) (with metathetic shift due to per), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, form of *por-. See also porto.

pola rúa

pola porta

por dez anos

polas seis

por aquí

about, around (near, in the vicinity of)

Fun á tenda por xabón.

oito por sete

by (indicates the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice)


para

From Old Galician-Portuguese pera, para, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

for (directed at, intended to belong to)


pus

From Old Galician-Portuguese pos, pus, from Latin post.


sen

From Old Galician-Portuguese sen, from Latin sine.


desde

[ˈd̪ez̺.ð̞ɪ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese des (“since”) + de (“of”), the first element from Late Latin dē ex.


entre

From Old Galician-Portuguese entre, from Latin inter.
The alternative form ontre, rare in Old Portuguese proper but well attested in Old Galician (Cantigas de Santa Maria), and rendered as unter in local Medieval Latin, derives probably from Suevic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *under: compare Old High German unter (“among, between”).


a

to, toward; indicating direction of motion

de cinco a oito

(with de) to, until; used to indicate the end of a range

a pé

by, on, by means of; expresses a mode of action


cara

From Old Galician-Portuguese cara, from Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cara, from Ancient Greek κάρα (kára, “head, face”).


tras

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin trāns (“across, beyond”).


cabo

From Old Galician-Portuguese cabo, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head, source”).


após

From Old Galician-Portuguese apos, from Latin ad post.

after (subsequent; following in time; later than)


bardante

From gardante de, from gardar (“to keep, guard”).

bardantes (alternative)
bardantes de (alternative)

Do porco aprovéitase todo, bardantes da vexiga do fel

You can use everything of a pig, excluding the gallbladder


dende

From Latin deinde. Cognate with Spanish desde.

from (indicates the origin or initiation of an activity, either in space or time)


baixo

From Old Galician-Portuguese baixo, from Late Latin bassus (“low, short”).


perante

From Old Galician-Portuguese perante (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): from Latin per + ante.


cabo de

Attested since the 13th century: cabo + de


ó cabo de

From Old Galician-Portuguese a cabo de (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria).


canda

Contraction of cando (“when”) and a (“at”).

Ese día teño cita no dentista e ti vés canda min.

That day I have an appointment with the dentist, and you are coming with me.

Chegou canda min.


en lugar de

From Old Galician-Portuguese en lugar de (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): "in place of".

Mays algũus a y que, en lugar de seerẽ conselleyros, som loamineyros

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 146:

But there are some that, rather than counselors, are flatterers


fóra

From Old Galician-Portuguese fora, from Latin forās (“outside”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“door; gate”).

der

Fixo penitencias rexas
Adàn de foles vestido,
Que os foles, fora ô curtido,
ô mismo sòn que pellexas

1753, Diego Cernadas, Adán non pudo pecar:

Adam, wearing bags,
made hard penitences,
because bags, notwithstanding the tanning,
the same are with pelts

notwithstanding; except (with the exception of)


pra

(nonstandard, colloquial) syncopic form of para


en canto

En canto ao proxecto, non queda moito traballo.

As for the project, there's not much work left.

(followed by a) as for, regarding, with regard to


por mor de

From por + amor + de, literally "for love of".

Por mor de certa rabuxa
pelengrinei por Europa
marexaba vento en popa
pero dixen ¡ai da puxa!
xa lle vin o rabo á cruxa,
ando feito un sapo cuncho

Because of certain rage
I pilgrimaged along Europe
I was sailing with tailwind
but I said to myself, geez!
I've already seen the owl's tail
and I'm look like a tortoise
I'm getting back to the fatherland's corner


senón

From Old Galician-Portuguese senon, from se (“if”) + non (“not”). Cognate with Portuguese senão, Spanish sinó, French sinon.


a carón de

14th century. From a carón (“side by side”) + de (“of”).

a carom de (alternative)
a carão de (alternative)

et outros dous terreos na cortiña do Torno, que jaz hun deles a caron doutro de Rodrigo Ares da Presa

1413, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro y su colección diplomática en la Edad Media, Sada / A Coruña: Ediciós do Castro, page 140:

and another two pieces of land in the garden of Torno; one of them alongside another one which belongs to Rodrigo Ares da Presa

Decote acarón da casa,
Vemos cousas á ó revés;
E non marran enxangadas
Que nos fan doer as siés.

1846, Vicente Turnes, Aos augustos desposorios de Isabel II:

Daily by our house
We see thing upside down
And there's no lack of jams
that make our temples hurt

Et mando meu corpo enterrar eno moesteyro de san francisco de Santiago ante o meu moymento, que esta ante a porta da sanxpistania, em esta guisa que me lancen vistida eno abeto de san francisco, a caron da terra et jasca hy por tenpo de huun ano et huun dia, et despoys que o tornen ao moymento

1395, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 156:

I command that my body should be buried in the monastery of Saint Francis in Santiago, before my sepulcher that is before the sacristy's door, in this way: that they should put me down dressed in the Franciscan robe, in contact with the earth, and I should lie there for a year and a day, and after this they shall put my body inside the sepulcher


deica

From Latin de hinc ad (“from here to”), cognate with Aragonese dica and Asturian dica.


ontre

Attested in Old Galician (Cantigas de Santa Maria) and rendered as unter in local Medieval Latin, derives probably from Suevic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *under: compare Old High German unter (“among, between”).


á beira de

[aˈβei̯ɾɐ ðɪ]

algún caído en trelos desa natureza tamén compara co lume á beira das estopas.

1887, Rufino Ribera Losada, O que son os casamentos pola nova:

some who have fallen in these kind of affairs [romantic love] compare them to the fire by the tows


ó longo de

[ɔˈloŋɡʊ ðɪ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ao longo de. First attested in the 15th century.

inh+

A anguria fóiselle marchando ao longo da noite

A paisaxe cambia ó longo desta vía