carabela

carabelas (plural)
carabel (alternative)
caravel (alternative)
caravela (alternative)
crabela (alternative)

[kɑ.ɾaˈβ̞ɛ.lɐ]

Attested locally since the 14th century. From a diminutive of Late Latin carabus (“coracle”), from Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos, “light ship, horned beetle”).

que d'oje este dito dia endeante non entrase byno algũu de fora parte per mar nen per terra ẽna dita billa, salvo o byno da caravela de Juan Bieites, que agora estava aa Ponte da dita billa
that from today on, no wine can enter, either by sea or by land, in said town, with the exception of the wine inside the caravel of Xoán Bieites, which is now [moored] at the bridge of said town

1440, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 145

Donde se gasta, è conforme
Milleyros de carabelas,
Como cada dia entran
Por essas portas faxeyras.

1697, Juan Antonio Torrado, Fala o corvo:

Where they use, naturally,
thousands of parcels [food baskets],
as each day enter
through these Gates of the Beeches

picnic basket; parcel with provisions, or provisions taken to a journey

Lithophaga lithophaga
Lithophaga lithophaga#English

Portuguese man-of-war
Portuguese man-of-war

Physalia physalis
Physalia physalis#Translingual

Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis)


milenario

milenarios (plural)
milenário (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin mīllēnārius.

lbor

millennium (day or year in which something turns a millennium)


milenario

gl-noun

milenario m (plural milenarios, feminine milenaria, feminine plural milenarias)

milenarios (plural)
milenaria (feminine)
milenarias (feminine plural)
milenário (alternative)

(Christianity) millenarian (a person who belongs to the group of those who believed that the end of the world would happen in the year one thousand of the Christian era)


evocación

evocacións (plural)
evocaçom (alternative)
evocação (alternative)


gamela

From Latin camella (“drinking vessel”). Cognate with Spanish gamella.

traditional keel-less flat-bottomed boat, usually of small dimensions and square bow and stern; smaller ones are used as skiffs


homófobo

homófobo m (plural homófobos, feminine homófoba, feminine plural homófobas)

homófobos (plural)
homófoba (feminine)
homófobas (feminine plural)


progresista

progresista m or f by sense (plural progresistas)

(politics) progressive, progressist, progressionist (person)


iambo

From Latin ïambus, from Ancient Greek ἴαμβος (íambos).

(poetry) iamb (metrical foot consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one)


acea

Borrowed from Arabic سَانِيَة (sāniya). Attested from the 13th century (azea). Cognate with Portuguese azenha, Spanish aceña, Catalan sínia, Basque azenia.


terreiro

terreiros (plural)
torreiro (alternative)
turreiro (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese terreiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin terrārius, from Latin terra: terra (“earth; country”) + -eiro.

inh+

Botan foguetes,
toca o gaiteiro,
As xentes bailan xa
no turreiro:
¡Mirai que gracia
ten a Sabela!
Fai unhos puntos
qu'é groria vé-la

They fire rockets,
the bagpiper is playing,
people are dancing now
at the square:
"Watch Sabela,
so charming!
She makes such moves
that it is marvel!"

unpaved square, generally facing a public building, where people congregates for announcements and regular markets


miúdo

gl-noun

miúdo m (plural miúdos, feminine miúda, feminine plural miúdas)

miúdos (plural)
miúda (feminine)
miúdas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese miudo, earlier meudo, earlier mẽudo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin minūtus (“diminished”), perfect passive participle of minuō (“I diminish”). Doublet of minuto.

(usually in the plural) an internal organ used as offal (food)


gaspacho

gazpacho (a cold soup elaborated with water, bread, olive oil and vegetables)

(local) a stew of peas, potatoes, and eggs


paramilitar

paramilitar m or f by sense (plural paramilitares)

paramilitary (A member of a paramilitary group)


sitio web

[ˈs̺i.t̪jʊ ˈwɛβ̞]


mancebo

mancebo m (plural mancebos, feminine manceba, feminine plural mancebas)

mancebos (plural)
manceba (feminine)
mancebas (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin *mancipius (“slave”), from Latin mancipium (“purchase property”), also "a bought slave".

(dated) salesclerk, specifically a pharmacist clerk


córnea

(anatomy) cornea (layer forming the front of the eye)


fronza

From Old Galician-Portuguese fronça, from Late Latin frondia n pl, a collective noun derived from Classical Latin frondeus (“leafy”).


alarido

Attested since circa 1300. Perhaps onomatopoeic, related to alalá, or either from Arabic عَرِيض (ʕarīḍ).

com̃o estauam sen sospeyta, chegarõ aos madeyros, et ante que se os cristãos huuyassem a perceber nẽ chegar y, ouuerõ elles atado muy fortes sogas a hũu madeyro et arrincarõno; et foronse asi cõ el a muy gran pressa, dando uozes et allaridos.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 861:

as they [the Christians] were unaware, they [the Moors] arrived to the ships, and before the Christians noticed or came by, they had tied strong ropes to a ship and pulled it out; and they went away hastily with it, shouting and yelling

Et começou o torneo a creçer tãto, et a seer o acapelamento tã grande, et a uolta et os braados et os alaridos et os sõos dos cornos et das tronpas tã grandes et tã esquiuos que ome nõ se podía oýr

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 561:

And the tournament began to grow so much, and the carnage was so large, and the din and the shouts and the yells and the sound of the horns and of the trumpets so big and harsh that a man couldn't heard himself


tecnocracia

(politics) technocracy (system of government in which the technocrats have power)


anoréxico

anoréxico m (plural anoréxicos, feminine anoréxica, feminine plural anoréxicas)

anoréxicos (plural)
anoréxica (feminine)
anoréxicas (feminine plural)


pizzería

pizzerías (plural)
pizzaría (alternative)

From Italian pizzeria. By surface analysis, pizza + -ería.


tecnócrata

tecnócrata m or f by sense (plural tecnócratas)

technocrat (person with competence and power in public affairs who, in the exercise of their position, tends to make technical or economic considerations prevail over social and human ones or to the detriment of these)


tornada

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tornada: tornar + -ada.

inh+

point where the water of a ditch or canal is diverted to another course


burrico

gl-noun

burrico m (plural burricos, feminine burrica, feminine plural burricas)

burricos (plural)
burrica (feminine)
burricas (feminine plural)

Attested since circa 1750. From Latin burricus.


mrd

(text messaging) Censored spelling of merda.


chaleco antibalas

chaleco antibalas m (plural chalecos antibalas)


chalecos antibalas

chaleco antibalas
chaleco antibalas#Galician


pescada

Merluccius merluccius
Merluccius merluccius#Translingual


levada

From agua levada (literally “conducted water”).

1447, M. Lucas Alvarez & P. P. Lucas Domínguez (ed.), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Publicacións de Caixa Galicia, page 572

"mill of the Cangado" "with all of its building and stone and ducts and dams and waters"

"moiño do Cangado" "con toda sua casa e pedra e con todas suas levadas e presas e augas"


fidalgo

fidalgos (plural)
fillodalgo (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese fidalgo, either a borrowing or a calque from Old Spanish fidalgo, shortened form from fi'd'algo (literally “son of wealth”).

o dito Johan Fernandes de Bolanno commo homme fillodalgo feso menage enna mao de Fernan Peres de Çepeda por lo dito castello asy commo fase fidalgo a fidalgo

1348, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 147:

the aforementioned Xoán Fernandez de Bolaño, as a nobleman, did homage to Fernán Pérez de Cepeda, because of the mentioned castle, as a nobleman does to another nobleman

1417, M. Lucas Álvarez & P. Lucas Domínguez (eds.), El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos. Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro (Publicacións do Seminario de Estudios Galegos), page 585

… that he remembered how he saw squires and noblemen and villeins dwelling in that farm and inn of the tower, and that never them or any of them paid petitions or taxes or any tribute to the Kings of Castille

que se el acordaua que vyra morar en a dita granja et pousa da Torre escudeyros et omes fidalgos et vilaaos, et que nunca eles nin alguos deles pagaron pedidos ne moedas ni outros trabutos alguus aos Reys de Castela.

(historical) the lowest rank of the nobility in the Kingdom of Galicia, corresponding to that of hidalgo in Castille


semantema

(linguistics) semanteme (unit of meaning or vocabulary)


serpa

(horticulture) sucker (undesired stem growing out of the rootsof a shrub or tree, especially from the rootstock of a grafted plant)


loucura

From Old Galician-Portuguese loucura, from louco (“crazy”). Corresponds to louco + -ura.


cosmogonía

From Ancient Greek κοσμογονία (kosmogonía), from κόσμος (kósmos, “order, world, universe”) + γόνος (gónos, “creation, begetting”).


filicidio

filicide, infanticide (killing of one's own son)


soro

Either from Paleo-Hispanic, or from Latin serum (“whey”).

(medicine) a solution of water, salt and sugar used to prevent dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting


carrasco

Quercus coccifera
Quercus coccifera#Translingual

kermes oak (Quercus coccifera, a tree of the western Mediterranean)


filtración

filtracións (plural)
filtraçom (alternative)
filtração (alternative)


burgo

From Old Galician-Portuguese burgo (“borough”), from Late Latin burgus, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“hill-fort”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”).

inh

(historical) during the 12th century, newly founded town to which a bill of rights was awarded


burgo

From Latin brūchus, from Ancient Greek βροῦκος (broûkos).

grub, caterpillar, especially of the cabbage butterfly


nébeda

aquelas a estes dan neste día muitas castañas, mamucas ricas, con fiollo, nébeda e sal cocidas

1861, Antonio Fernández Morales, Ensaios poéticos en dialecto berciano, page 211:

they give to them, in this day, a lot of chestnuts, tasty chestnuts, boiled with fennel, lesser calamint and salt


haraquiri

Borrowed from Japanese 腹切り (はらきり (harakiri)), from 腹 (はら (hara, “belly”)) + 切る (きる (kiru, “cut”)).

hara-kiri (ceremonial suicide by ripping open the abdomen)


dixital

Learned borrowing from Latin digitālis. Doublet of dedal, which was inherited.


enfermeiro

gl-noun

enfermeiro m (plural enfermeiros, feminine enfermeira, feminine plural enfermeiras)

enfermeiros (plural)
enfermeira (feminine)
enfermeiras (feminine plural)

Attested since the 13th century. From enfermo (“ill”) + -eiro, from Latin īnfirmus (“sick, feeble”). Compare Portuguese enfermeiro and Spanish enfermero.

foron preſenteſ: don Lope Sanchez, maeſtre dos confeſſos; don Migel Perez, celarejro; don Rui Perez, enfermeyro dos pobres

1272, “Documentos antiguos de Galicia”, in M. Sponer, editor, Anuari de l'Oficina Románica de Lingüística i Literatura, 7, page 21:

Being present: Sir Lope Sánchez, confessor's master; Sir Miguel Pérez, cellarmaster; Sir Rui Pérez, nurse of the poor


taumaturgo

taumaturgo m (plural taumaturgos, feminine taumaturga, feminine plural taumaturgas)

taumaturgos (plural)
taumaturga (feminine)
taumaturgas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin thaumaturgus, from Ancient Greek θαυματουργός (thaumatourgós).

der

θαυματουργός


tristura

From Old Galician-Portuguese tristura (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from triste + -ura. Cognate with Portuguese tristura; also compare Asturian tristura.


verdello

seaweeds that cover the rocks in the low tide

minuscule green plants that cover the humid surfaces

purple glasswort (Salicornia ramosissima)


queixada

From Old Galician-Portuguese queixada (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *capseāta, derivative of *capseus (“chin”) (whence Galician queixo), itself a derivative of Latin capsa (“box”), from capiō (“capture, take”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to take, seize, catch, grasp”). Cognate with Portuguese queixada and Spanish quijada.

que se faz na boca do Cauallo hũa enfirmidade de jnchaço ou de llandooas llongas en maneira de amendooas que apertan de dentro as qeixadas tanto que o cauallo non pode comer, et aas uezes jnchase toda a boca et o paadal tanto que adur pode comer

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 113:

that is made in the mouth of the horse a disease of swelling or of long glands, in the manner of almonds, that tighten from the inside the horse's jawbones, so much that the horse can't even eat, and sometimes all the mouth and the palate swell so much that hardly can he eat

deralle cõ aquela seeta por la queixada seestra e foralle por medeo da cabe[ç]a, et o biquo dela foralle ferir ẽna nariz.

1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: CSIC, page 1:

he hit the arrow on his left cheek, it went through the middle of the head, and the tip of it hurt him in the nose

que o dito Rugel que aderençara a lles tomar as capas et as fouces et lles deran senas befetadas enas queixadas

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 335:

that the aforementioned Rugel came up to them to take their cloaks and sickles, and that he gave them each a slap in the face


demarcación

demarcacións (plural)
demarcazón (alternative)

Attested since 1328 (demarcaçon). From demarcar + -ción.

afforamos a uos Viçente Anes [...] aquele monte que nos auemos da dita uosa freigisia, a que chaman o Fauall [...] da una parte e doutra per suas demarcaçoes

1343, M. Lucas Alvarez; P. P. Lucas Domínguez (ed.), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Publicacións de Caixa Galicia, page 494

we rent to you Vicente Anes … that wilderness we have from your parish, and which they call O Fabal … on one side and the other by its demarcations


patela

A semi-learned form from Latin patella (“a shallow pan”).

Patella vulgata
Patella vulgata#Translingual


raia

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], probably the feminine of raio, or from Vulgar Latin *radia, from Latin radius; cf. also the verb raiar. Compare Portuguese raia, Spanish raya.

stripe (long, straight region of a single colour)


madreña

madreñas (plural)
madrenha (alternative)

[maˈð̞ɾe.ɲɐ]


mutilación

mutilacións (plural)
mutilaçom (alternative)
mutilação (alternative)

From Late Latin mutilātiōnem. Compare Spanish mutilación, Portuguese mutilação, Catalan mutilació, French mutilation, Italian mutilazione.


alcoholímetro

alcoholímetros (plural)
alcolímetro (alternative)


criba

Back-formation from cribar (“to sieve”).


alfaia

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese alfaia, from Arabic حَاجَة (ḥāja, “necessary thing; valuable thing”) or حِلْيَة (ḥilya, “ornament”). Cognate with Portuguese alfaia and Spanish alhaja.

der

1433, Á. Rodríguez González & José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 51

vessels and other needed things of the home


alpendre

[ɑlˈpɛn̪.d̪ɾɪ]

First attested in the 13th century. Probably from Latin appendix (“addition”), or either from a Celtic term akin to Gaulish *talopennos (“gable”): compare Occitan alapens (“penthouse”).

a penthouse built onto the side of another building; lean-to

1267, Margot Sponer (ed.), "Documentos antiguos de Galicia", Anuari de l'Oficina Románica de Lingüística i Literatura, 7, doc L29

they shall build a church with its porch


apelido

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese apelido (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), back-formation from apelidar. Related to English appeal.


xan

—Xa ti mesma o dis: un xan, un xanciño.

1996, Xosé Cid Cabido, Unha liña no ceo: 58 narradores galegos, 1979-1996, Xerais de Galicia, page 270:

—You say it yourself: a weakling, a little weakling.

a man who lets himself be controlled by anyone else; a weakling


pancada

From Old Galician-Portuguese paancada (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): panca (“lever”) + -ada.

O que non sinte a palabra, non sinte a pancada

They who don't listen the word, won't feel the stroke

Ano de LVIII, a IX dias de juyo, en Ourense, por ante Afonso Anrriques et Nuno d ' Ousende, procurador, deu querella que oje, este dito dia, trageendo él hua cárrega de uses por lo outeiro de Santa Deleyña, que sayran a él o alguasil e Fernán Aluares e outro seu conpoñeiro, omes do prouisor, et que o dito alguasil, por sy meesmo, lle dera fasta viinte paancadas con hun paao, das quaes ende mostrou enas costas tres paancás et duas enos braços et hua ena perna, e que o daua por qeixa.

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 354:

The year (14)58, 9 days of July, in Ourense, before Afonso Enríquez, and Nuno de Ousende, the Council's agent; he complained that today, while bringing a cartload of heather from St. Deleiña's hill, he was intercepted by the bailiff and Fernán Álvarez and another companion, men of the provisor, and that the aforementioned bailiff, by himself, stroke twenty blows on him with a stick; and of them he shew three strokes on the sides and two in the arms and one in the leg, and he gave this as a complaint


púcaro

From Old Galician-Portuguese pucaro, from Latin poculum, from Proto-Italic *pōtlom (with the instrument suffix *-tlom, that yields -culum, compare Sanskrit पात्र (pātra, “drinking vessel”)), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃- (“drink”).


rebento

From rebentar (“to sprout; to burst”), from Old Galician-Portuguese rebentar, possibly from Vulgar Latin *repentare.


evitación

evitacións (plural)
evitaçom (alternative)
evitação (alternative)


nasalización

nasalizacións (plural)
nasalizaçom (alternative)
nasalização (alternative)


supervivente

gl-noun

supervivente m or f by sense (plural superviventes)

superviventes (plural)
sobrevivente (alternative)


caléndula

caléndulas (plural)
calêndula (alternative)


vianda

From Old Galician-Portuguese vianda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), a borrowing from Old French viande. Doublet of vivenda.

Do ourizo só se come a vianda.

Only the viands (gonads) of the sea urchin are edible.

ẽna almẽdra son tres cousas: a cortiça da çima et a casca et a vianda de dentro

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117:

there are three things in an almond: the external husk, the peel, and the food inside

Demays lançaron lámeas trauesas grandes de ferro enna porta do dito thesouro con clauos que passauan da outra parte, en tal maneyra, que os enssarraron enno dito thesouro; et en todo aquel dia non les leixaron dar nen auer pan, nen vino, nen outra vianda nihua

1371, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 434:

And also they nailed large crossed iron plates on that treasury's door, with nails that pierced through the door, so that they were shut up in the mentioned treasury; and throughout that day they didn't let them have bread, nor wine, nor any other viand whatsoever

food fit for human consumption; viands; victuals

food fit for pigs and other domestic animals


patrício

patrícios (plural)
patrícia (feminine)
patrícias (feminine plural)


piragüista

piragüista m or f by sense (plural piragüistas)


casquete polar

casquete polar m (plural casquetes polares)


leria

Non estou de leria: dime que pasou.

I'm not in the mood for chatting / jokes: tell me what happened.


incitación

incitacións (plural)
incitaçom (alternative)
incitação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin incitātiōnem.


leiba

From Old Galician-Portuguese (compare Portuguese leiva), from Latin glaeba. Doublet of gleba.


neal

neais (plural)
nial (alternative)
niallo (alternative)

From Latin *nīdālis, nīdālem, from nīdus + -ālis.


deflación

From French déflation, from English deflation.

(economics) deflation (a decrease in the general price level, that is, in the nominal cost of goods and services as well as wages)


vienés

gl-noun

vienés m (plural vieneses, feminine vienesa, feminine plural vienesas)

vieneses (plural)
vienesa (feminine)
vienesas (feminine plural)


hospital psiquiátrico

hospital psiquiátrico m (plural hospitais psiquiátricos)

psychiatric hospital
psychiatric hospital


manípulo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese manipulo, from Latin manipulus, diminutive of manus (“hand”).

inh+

(historical) maniple (a company of Roman soldiers)


zapeo

From zapear, ultimately from English zap.


manómetro

Formed from Ancient Greek μανός (manós, “thin, rare”) + -metro.

der

manometer (instrument used to measure pressure in a fluid)


secesión

secesións (plural)
secessom (alternative)
secessão (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin sēcessiōnem.


guinche

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ, perhaps via Middle English winche.


morriña

morriñas (plural)
morrinha (alternative)

Unknown. Cognate of Portuguese morrinha and English murrain.

A morriña de Galicia confúndese coa morriña do pasado; a morriña do emigrante aseméllase á morriña polos bos tempos idos.

(1986), Luís Caparrós Esperante, O Tempo como Castigo na Lírica de Rosalía in Actas do Congresso Internacional de estudios sobre Rosalía de Castro e o seu tempo, Consello da Cultura Galega, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 158

The longing for Galicia is confused with the longing for the past; the emigrant’s longing is similar to the longing for good times gone by.


morcela

pudding (sausage made primarily from blood)


ferrete

Attested in local 12th century Latin documents. From Old French ferret (“little iron object”), diminutive of fer (“iron”).


parrocha

Unknown. Perhaps related to parro, parrulo, "duck".

(regional, Northern Galicia) a young sardine


dentón

dentóns (plural)
dentom (alternative)
dentão (alternative)

[d̪ɛn̪ˈt̪oŋ]


besugo

Iten a libra dos corvelos et mugees et robalos et robaliças et reos et vesugos et douradas […] a quatro dineiros cada libra
Item, the pound of young pollacks and of mullets and of seabasses and of smaller seabasses and of sea trouts and of seabreams and of gilt-head breams […] , four diñeiros each pound

1417, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75

Pagellus bogaraveo
Pagellus bogaraveo#Translingual

blackspot sea bream (Pagellus bogaraveo)


pancho

Borrowed from Spanish pancho, from Mozarabic, or Old Northern French panche (“paunch”); ultimately from Latin pantex (“paunch”).

Pagellus acarne
Wikispecies:Pagellus acarne


brócoli

Borrowed from Italian broccoli, plural of broccolo, from brocco (“shoot, sprout”).


gheada

→ English: gheada


viela

Attested since circa 1350. From Via (“way”) + -ela.

aquela casa con seu saydo en que mora Domingo Turlon et Eluira Afonso, sua muller, que esta en na rua de Sindin; commo departe: da casa en que mora Ferrando Lopes cacheyro; et da outra parte da casa que fuy de Juhan Peyteiro, et da viela que uay para os castros, et da rua Publica

1380, M. M. Graña Cid, editor, Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), page 171:

that house with its garden where Domingo Turlon and his wife Elvira Afonso dwell, which is on the Sindín street; as it goes from the house where Fernando López Cacheiro dwells, and on the other side, by the house which was Xoán Peiteiro's, and by the alley which goes towards the hill-forts, and by the public street

(dated) alley (narrow street or passageway)

Diste xeito loita o montañés contra o frío. A humidade non penetra no interior gracias ó tellado, e a que podería filtrarse por baixo das paredes evitase faguendo d'arredor, pola parte de fóra, uns regos, chamados vielas, que recollen as augas do tellado e as que corren pola terra e léva-nas lonxe

In this way highlanders fight the cold. Wetness doesn't come inside thanks to the thatched roof, and what could come under the walls is prevented by working all around, in the outside, some ditches called vielas, which take the waters of the roof and the overflow and run them away


convulsión

Ultimately from Latin convulsiō. Cognate with Portuguese convulsão.

convulsion (involuntary and sudden contraction of the muscles of the body)

convulsion (violent shaking of the Earth)

(figuratively) upheaval (violent disturbance of the established social order)


dificultade

dificultades (plural)
dificuldade (alternative)


refén

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese arrafẽes, borrowed from Arabic رَهِين (rahīn). Cognate with Portuguese refém and Spanish rehén.


feminicidio

feminicidios (plural)
femicidio (alternative)

From Latin fēmina (“woman, female”) + -cidio, on the pattern of English femicide, by analogy with homicidio.


tosca

From a substrate pre-Latin language, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).


truel

From Old French truelle (“trowel”), diminutive of Latin trua (“ladle”).

a fishing hand net or landing net (small net that is equipped with a handle and attached to a rim so that the net forms a pouch)


microscópio

reintegrationist spelling of microscopio


balonmanista

gl-noun

balonmanista m or f by sense (plural balonmanistas)


badmintonista

badmintonista m or f by sense (plural badmintonistas)


guerreiro

guerreiro m (plural guerreiros, feminine guerreira, feminine plural guerreiras)

guerreiros (plural)
guerreira (feminine)
guerreiras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese guerreiro, from guerra + -eiro.


traballador

Attested since circa 1300. From traballar + -dor.


adra

Probably from Old Spanish adra, a back formation from adrar, ultimately from Andalusian Arabic الدَوْر (addáwr), from Arabic دَوْر (dawr, “turn”). Alternatively from adro (“yard”).

temporary share or allotment of a communal terrain

lot (a distinct portion or plot of rural land, usually smaller than a field)


caldeira

From Old Galician-Portuguese caldeyra, from Late Latin caldāria~caldārium (“cooking-pot”), derived from Latin caldus (“hot”). Doublet of caldeiro.

inh

et hua caldeyra et huum caldeyroon et huas greelas et huum speto de ferro et huum acetere et hua arameña et huas Gramalleyras et das outras perfeas de casa todos los bacios et escudelas et talladores et salseyros de fuste que ouuer na casa et hua mesa

1375, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 380:

and a pot, and a cauldron, and a grill, and a skewer of iron, and a jug, and a pot of cooper, and a trammel; and of the rest of domestic ware, every bucket, and bowl, and knives, and saucers of wood that are in the house, and a table

Vinte cinco ducias D'obos
eu lle ofrezo, porque teñan
conque fazer os Formigos,
e de mel vnha caldeyra,
que os meus cobos e cortizos
teñen moy boas entenas;
porque sairon ogano
moytos enjames d'abellas.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

Twenty-five dozens of eggs
I offer her, so that they have the necessary
to cook the formigos;
and of honey a pot,
because my skeps and hives
have very good honeycombs,
because this year
many swarms of bees went out

boiler (device for heating circulating water)


formigón

formigóns (plural)
formigom (alternative)
formigão (alternative)

unha ponte de formigón.


redor

From Old Galician-Portuguese redor, from Latin retrō (“backwards; behind”, adverb).

the area surrounding someone or something


centigramo

From centi- (“centi”) + gramo (“gram”), calqued from French centigramme.


decagramo

From deca- (“deca”) + gramo (“gram”), calqued from French décagramme.


decigramo

From deci- (“deci”) + gramo (“gram”), calqued from French décigramme.


hectogramo

From hecto- (“hecto”) + gramo (“gram”), calqued from French hectogramme.


fazaña

From Old Galician-Portuguese façanna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old Spanish fazaña, from Andalusian Arabic حَسَنَة (ḥasana) with influence of fazer (“to do”), from Arabic حَسَنَة (ḥasana, “good deed”).


sistema nervioso

gl-noun

sistema nervioso m (plural sistemas nerviosos)


sistemas nerviosos

sistema nervioso
sistema nervioso#Galician


romeu

From an alteration or derivative of Latin rosmarīnus. Compare Spanish romero, Asturian romeru, Catalan romer.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus#Translingual

Rosmarinus officinalis
Rosmarinus officinalis#Translingual

rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus, syn. Rosmarinus officinalis)


turmalina

tourmaline (a black, semi-precious gemstone)


foxo

foxos (plural)
foio (alternative)
fojo (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, attested as fogio in 13th century local documents; from Latin fovea (“pit”), with a change in gender or possibly through a Vulgar Latin form *foveum, or either from Vulgar Latin *fodia. Compare Portuguese fojo, Spanish hoyo, Asturian fueyu.

e con non se coñeceren a si mesmos nin veren, por veces, un foxo ou unha pedra diante deles, […]

2004, Erasmus of Rotterdam, Manuel Enrique Vázques Buján (translator), Eloxia da loucura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 168

and as they didn’t know themselves nor could see, sometimes, a pit or a rock in front of them, […]

mandamos que enna friigesía que ouuer XV friigeses ou mays poucos, se non tomaren lobo ou loba ou camada delles, ou non correren cada domaa con elles sen enganno segundo que e de custume des o primeyro sabado de quaresma ata dia de Sam Joham de Juyo, ou non fezeren o ffogio, que pagen X mrs.

1326, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 398:

We order that in the parish that has 15 parishioners or more, if they don't catch a wolf or litter of them, or if they don't raid them weekly without trickery, as it is customary, since the first Saturday of Lent till Saint John's day in June, or if they don't build the pit, then they shall pay 10 mrs.

As trampas son de dúas castes: foxos e garamelos.

1979, Ramón Otero Pedrayo, Historia de Galicia, volume 2, Akal, page 455:

There are two classes of traps: pits and mouse traps.

trapping pit (a camouflaged pit used to capture large animals)

, […] o bispo que rodeou con muralla, torres e foxo todo o ámbito do Locus Sanctus e que ocupaba o que é hoxe a catedral, a praza da Quintana e os mosteiro de San Paio de Antealtares con algunhas das rúas adxacentes.

2003, Ermelindo Portela Silva (coordinator), Historia da cidade de Santiago de Compostela, Concello de Santiago de Compostela, Consorcio da Cidade de Santiago de Compostela, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 65

, […] the bishop who surrounded with a wall, towers and a moat the entirety of the Locus Sanctus and which occupied what today is the cathedral, the Quintana square and the monastery of Saint Pelagius with some adjacent streets.

moat (defensive ditch surrounding a fortification)

Nesta aldea global na que vivimos e na que se afonda cada vez máis o foxo que separa aos que teñen dos que non teñen, […]

2005, F. R. Durán Villa, X. M. Santos Solla, Marginados y excluidos: un enfoque interdisciplinar, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 12:

In this global village we live and where the gap which separates those who have from those who don’t deepens more and more, […]

(figurative) gap (difference between ideas, concepts or situations)


psicoloxía

From Latin psychologia, from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + Latin -logia (“study of”).

(uncountable) psychology (study of the mind and behavior)

(countable) one's mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics


xeólogo

xeólogo m (plural xeólogos, feminine xeóloga, feminine plural xeólogas)

xeólogos (plural)
xeóloga (feminine)
xeólogas (feminine plural)
geólogo (alternative)


chinés

chinés m (plural chineses, feminine chinesa, feminine plural chinesas)

chineses (plural)
chinesa (feminine)
chinesas (feminine plural)
chinês (alternative)


aceda

Rumex acetosa
Rumex acetosa#Translingual


trollo

mal demo do inferno a parar neste lugar, onde, pra andar, sendo inverno, ou no trollo hai que nadar Ou é menester c'algúa bruxa pauto ou trato ter pra qu'enseñe a cencia súa, ou ben, pra ir fóra, poñer en cada pé unha falúa

1861, Atonio Fernández Morales, Ensayos poéticos en dialecto berciano:

(Not even a) bad demon from hell will come to this place where, for walking in the winter, one must swim in the mud; or either it is precise to make some pact with a witch, for her to teach us her science; or, for going out, to put a felucca in each foot


trollo

trollos (plural)
trullo (alternative)
trolho (alternative)

Probably from Latin trullium, a derivative of trulla (“small ladle or scoop”). Cognate with Portuguese trolha and Spanish trulla. Doublet of truel, which was borrowed from French.

tool composed of a shaft and a semicircular blade, used by bakers to distribute and clean ashes and embers

a similar tool, used to smooth or level the ground


loriga

From Old Galician-Portuguese loriga (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin lōrīca (“coat of mail, breastplate”).

inh

Item mando a ma loriga τ aſ maſ geoleyraſ a Martin Eaneſ, meu ſobrjno

1290, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 139

Item, I send my mail and my poleyns to Martin Anes, my nephew

mando a meu ffillo Iohan affonsi as lorygas de corpo de cavalo que fforron de meu irmao Pero eannes

1325, E. Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV. Una sociedad en expansión y en la crisis, Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 399:

I bequeath to my son Xoán Afonsi the horse bards that belonged to my brother Pedro Anes


larinxe

From Ancient Greek λάρυγξ (lárunx), λάρυγγος (lárungos, “larynx, throat”).


crueldade

From Old Galician-Portuguese crueldade, from Latin crūdēlitās, crūdēlitātem.


establecemento

gl-noun

establecemento m (plural establecementos)


xeógrafo

xeógrafo m (plural xeógrafos, feminine xeógrafa, feminine plural xeógrafas)

xeógrafos (plural)
xeógrafa (feminine)
xeógrafas (feminine plural)


homenaxe

homenaxes (plural)
homenagem (alternative)


cadeira de rodas

cadeira de rodas f (plural cadeiras de rodas)


cadeiras de rodas

cadeira de rodas
cadeira de rodas#Galician


cadeira eléctrica

cadeira eléctrica f (plural cadeiras eléctricas)


cadeiras eléctricas

cadeira eléctrica
cadeira eléctrica#Galician


xaula

Attested since circa 1300. Borrowed from Old French jaiole, from Late Latin caveola, diminutive from Latin cavea (“cage”). Doublet of gaiola.

Et o Cçide leuãtouse et tomou o leõ pelo pescoço, bẽ com̃o se fosse hũu alaao manso, [et meteuo] en sua iauola de ferro en que sse criara

c. 1300, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 582:

And El Cid stood up, took the lion by the neck as if it was but a meek mastiff, and put him inside his iron jail, where he was grown


brocha

Circa 1433. From Old French broche (“pin”).

ano XXXIII a onze de março o vicario afonso fernandes et o thesoureiro esteuoo fernandes tomaron a gomes coton tres brochas de prata que andauan enas capas as quaes foron para apostar os bordoos

post 1433, Antonio López Ferreiro (ed.), Historia de la Santa A. M. Iglesia de Santiago de Compostela, XI, nº Adicións-1.1, page 92

year 33, march eleven, the vicar Afonso Fernandes and the treasurer Estevo Fernandes took from Gomes Cotón three silver pins that were with the cloaks, and they were used to adorn the staves

bolt (used, for example, to fix the mobile parts of a yoke)


brocha

From French brouche, dialectal variant of brosse. Compare English brush.


maza

From Old Galician-Portuguese maça, from Vulgar Latin *ma(t)tea, from Latin mateola, from a Proto-Indo-European root describing similar tools: Old High German medela (“plow”), Old Church Slavonic мотыка (motyka, “mattock”), मत्य (matya, “club, harrow”).
Cognate with Portuguese maça, Spanish maza, Catalan maça, French masse, Italian mazza.

Iten, mando vender a miña cóffea do çendal e hua maça d'açeyro et se meta en missas por miña alma

1361, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 92:

Item, I order that they should sell my sendal coif and a steel mace, to be put in masses for my soul

Desý ajuntárõse todos, et alý se cõmeçou hũ torneo et hũ acapelamento tã cruu et tã sen piadade que esto sería hũa grã marauilla de contar, ca nũca fuj õme ẽno mũdo quen uisse tal rresoar de maças et d'espadas perlos elmos et perlos escudos.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 518:

Then everyone came together, and it began a tournament and a carnage so crude and pitiless that it would be a great wonder to narrate it; because never was a man in the world who ever saw [sic] such a resounding of maces and swords on the helms and shields


pantasma

From Latin phantasma, from Ancient Greek φάντασμα (phántasma, “image, phantom”).

der

1885, V.P., Un conto

He got bewildered as if he was seeing the phantom that runs over the fields and leaps the fences without even trampling a single herb

pampeou como si vira a pantasma que corre por riba dos eidos e brinca os valados sin pór pé nin siquera nunha herba.


pasal

From Old Galician-Portuguese passal, from local Medieval Latin passalis (“step”), from Latin passus.

Et seyo el rrey do campo et mandou aredar a gente de redor do cãpo sete passaes.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 637:

And the king got away from the field, and ordered the people to draw back seven steps from the field

one of several stones placed in a river by way of a bridge


vexiga

vexigas (plural)
boxiga (alternative)
buxiga (alternative)
bexiga (alternative)

Attested from the 15th century (vixiga). From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin vessīca, variant of vēsīca. Compare Portuguese bexiga, Spanish vejiga).

geerase ajnda outra door dentro no corpo do Cauallo que uen de rretimento da vrina et faz jnchar a uixiga

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 93:

and yet another pain is produced inside the body of the horse which comes from the retention of the urine, and it makes the bladder to swell

enton poras fero feruente Redondo na cabeça daquellas huceras ou vixigas que as qeime

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 81:

then you put a rounded hot iron on the head of that ulcers or pocks, for burning them


contradición

Learned borrowing from Latin contrādictiōnem.


madroña

From Latin māteria ( > madeira (“wood”)) + -ōnea. Cognate with Asturian madreña.


badalo

From Old Galician-Portuguese badalo (“bell-clapper”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), irregularly from Vulgar Latin *bataclum < *ba(t)tuaculum, from Latin battuō, battuere (“I beat, I clap”).
Cognate with Portuguese badalo, Spanish badajo, Catalan batall, French batail, Italian batacchio.


sacrílego

gl-noun

sacrílego m (plural sacrílegos, feminine sacrílega, feminine plural sacrílegas)

sacrílegos (plural)
sacrílega (feminine)
sacrílegas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin sacrilegus.


améndoa

Attested since c 1409. From Vulgar Latin *amandula, *amyndula, from Latin amygdala, from Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē), of pre-Greek origin. Doublet of amígdala and mandorla.
Cognate with Portuguese amêndoa and Spanish almendra.

que se faz na boca do Cauallo hũa enfirmidade de jnchaço ou de llandooas llongas en maneira de amendooas que apertan de dentro as qeixadas tanto que o cauallo non pode comer, et aas uezes jnchase toda a boca et o paadal tanto que adur pode comer

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 113:

that is made in the mouth of the horse a disease of swelling or of long glands, in the manner of almonds, that tighten from the inside the horse's jaws, so much that the horse can't even eat, and sometimes all the mouth and the palate swell so much that hardly can he eat


incensario

incensarios (plural)
incensário (alternative)

Demays tĩjña ẽna mão hũ ençẽçario de hũ topaz moy claro et moy rrico, colgado de hũus fíos de ouro enlaçados et laurados a moy grã nobreza.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 441:

Besides, he had in his hand a censer made of very rich and clear topaz, hanging from some gold threads tied and worked in the most noble manner


xurro

xurros (plural)
zudre (alternative)
zurro (alternative)

Unknown, but probably from Paleo-Hispanic/Iberian; related to Portuguese enxurro and Portuguese enxurrada (“flash flood”), Portuguese surro (“dirt”), and Spanish churre (“grime”). Also related to several current places named Xudres and Zudres, in local Medieval Latin Scudris, Sudris and Xudris.

unk

Unknown


bicicleta estática

gl-noun

bicicleta estática f (plural bicicletas estáticas)

(exercise) exercise bicycle, exercise bike, stationary bicycle, stationary bike


cabezal

Attested since the 13th century (cabeçal): synchronically cabeza + -al. Cognate with Portuguese cabeçal and Spanish cabezal

It. mando a estevayna boa moller hua cama de Roupa que seia hua Coçedra et huun almadraque et hua colcha et dous cabeçaes

1375, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 380:

Item, I bequeath Estevaíña, good woman, a bedding, which is a feather mattress and a large mattress and a quilt and two pillows

pillow (a soft, usually square, cushion used to support the head in bed)

Item mando que aquel deste testamento for meu cabeçal, que aya poder de vender a mia herdade de Paderne

1309, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310), Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, vol III page 1283

Item, I order that the executor of this, my will, has the power to sell my property in Paderne


montacargas

Calque of French monte-charge, from monta (“it lifts”) + cargas (“loads”).

(UK) service lift, goods lift, cargo lift; (US) freight elevator, goods elevator, service elevator, cargo elevator (a lift designed to carry heavy goods in a place of business)


galerista

galerista m or f by sense (plural galeristas)


robalo

Attested as appellative in 1417. From lobarro (attested as nickname, Lobaru, Lobarro, since the 12th century), cognate with Catalan llobarro (first attested in 1599), from Latin lupus (“wolf”).

Iten a libra dos corvelos et mugees et robalos et robaliças et reos et vesugos et douradas … a quatro dineiros cada libra

1417, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75

Item, the pound of young pollacks and of mullets and of seabasses and of smaller seabasses and of sea trouts and of seabreams and of gilt-head breams …, four diñeiros each pound

(smaller specimens)

Dicentrarchus labrax
Dicentrarchus labrax#Translingual

large European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)


xiringa

from Medieval Latin sȳringa, from Ancient Greek σῦριγξ (sûrinx, “pipe, syrinx”). Cognate with Portuguese seringa and Spanish jeringa.

der

Agardan xa na Pont'a Valga os rapaces polas mozas; uns con naranxas na man cheas de parromo do forno, outros con fariña triga, da que as nais tiñan gardada pra facer filloas, metida no peto e con xiringas feitas dun cacho de cana i un pau con estopa na punta os máis deles.

1911, F. Potel Pardal, Costumes da Terra, page 52:

The boys await for the girls at the bridge over the Valga river: some of them with oranges in hand, full of ashes of the oven; others with wheat flour -of the one that the mothers had for making crepes- in the pocket; and most of them with squirt guns made with a piece of cane and a twig with tow at its tip


castañal

castañais (plural)
castanhal (alternative)

[kɑs̺.t̪aˈɲɑɫ]


carantoña

Attested since circa 1390. Either ultimately from Latin character, or from Celtic: compare the Galician place names Carantoña or the French river Charente.

Et en outro dia ouverõ cõsello Calrros cõ os seus caualeiros, et mãdou enbrullar as cabeças dos caualos de lenços et encher as orellas de dentro de panos, que nẽ podesen veer as carãtonas nẽ oyr as vozes da cãpaynas.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117:

And another day they had a council, Charlemagne with his knights, an he ordered to wrap the heads of the horses with linens and to fill their ears with clothes, so that they could not see the masks nor hear the little bells


terrón

terróns (plural)
tarrón (alternative)
torrón (alternative)
turrón (alternative)
terrom (alternative)
terrão (alternative)
torrom (alternative)
torrão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese *terron: terra (“earth”) + -ón. Cognate with Portuguese torrão and Spanish terrón.


pendón

pendóns (plural)
pendom (alternative)
pendão (alternative)
pondón (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese pendon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French pennon. Cognate with, among others, Portuguese pendão.

Et alý ouuo muytas feridas de lanças et d'espadas, et muytos pendões ensangoentados, et muytos colpes esquiuos et desapostos, et muytos caualeyros mortos et aontados et fora das sellas.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 480:

And there were many wounds of spears and swords, and many bloodied pennons, and many unruly and ugly blows, and many dead and shamed and unsaddled knights


cachopo

cachopos (plural)
cachoupo (alternative)

Seas bendita, luciña amorosa,
Dios te nos deixe por cen anos ver
Pois que así fas dun candelo unha rosa
E dun cachopo as uviñas nacer

1862, Francisco María de la Iglesia, A muiñeira das fillas da aurora:

stump; also the old knotty trunk of a living tree or plant


noruegués

gl-noun

noruegués m (plural noruegueses, feminine norueguesa, feminine plural norueguesas)

noruegueses (plural)
norueguesa (feminine)
norueguesas (feminine plural)
norueguês (alternative)


arxentino

arxentino m (plural arxentinos, feminine arxentina, feminine plural arxentinas)

arxentinos (plural)
arxentina (feminine)
arxentinas (feminine plural)
argentino (alternative)


tornasol

[t̪ɔɾ.naˈs̺ɔɫ]


tornasol

[t̪ɔɾ.naˈs̺ɔɫ]


espita

Probably from Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍄𐌿𐍃 (*spitus), from Proto-Germanic *spitō (“rod”); alternatively from a Gothic or Suevic [Term?] form derived from Proto-Germanic *speutą (“spear”). Cognate with Portuguese espeto and Spanish espeto. Compare also English spit and Swedish spett.

spiked rod used for the recollection of razor clams


tarxeta de crédito

tarxeta de crédito f (plural tarxetas de crédito)


tarxetas de crédito

tarxeta de crédito
tarxeta de crédito#Galician


cartón de crédito

cartón de crédito m (plural cartóns de crédito)


sargo

Diplodus sargus
Diplodus sargus#Translingual


picón

bread made with coarse flour, rich in bran


espetada

Attested since c. 1300: espeto (“spit, skewer”) + -ada; compare caldeirada.

mandou trager carne et fazer grandes espetadas della

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 243:

he ordered to bring meat and to do large skewers with it


raspallo

raspallos (plural)
raspalho (alternative)


himen

(anatomy) hymen (membrane which occludes the vagina)


filántropo

filántropo m (plural filántropos, feminine filántropa, feminine plural filántropas)

filántropos (plural)
filántropa (feminine)
filántropas (feminine plural)


filólogo

filólogo m (plural filólogos, feminine filóloga, feminine plural filólogas)

filólogos (plural)
filóloga (feminine)
filólogas (feminine plural)


peltre

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peltre (attested since the 15th century), ultimately from Vulgar Latin *piltrum, of uncertain ultimate origin.

inh+

[ˈpɛl̪.t̪ɾɪ]


peltre

From Latin *pellitor, from pello (“push”).

[ˈpɛl̪.t̪ɾɪ]

large oar used as a rudder in smaller boats


zamarra

zamarras (plural)
chamarra (alternative)

Attested, in Galician, since the 15th century (çamarra). Probably ultimately from Basque zamar.

1414, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 103

Item, I bequeath him my coat, the one that I wear, and hundred and fifty maravedis for dressing

Item lle mando mays a mjña çamarra que eu trago et çento τ çinquoẽeta mrs. para veeſtiario.

Estóu debendo na tenda
A chamarra que hoje trago
E o somonte dos calzós
Que ja estan feitos farrapos;

1845, Vicente Turnes, Diálogo entre Silvestre Cajaraville e Domingo Magariños:

I owe to the shop
the coat I wear today
and the cloth of the pants,
which are already in tatters


rodaballo

Attested since 1417. From Proto-Celtic *rotos (“wheel”) + *ballos ("wheel-sack").

Iten a libra dos rodavallos et do mero a seis dineiros cada libra

Item, the pound of turbots and of groupers, six diñeiros each pound


mariscada

a platter of diverse shellfish and crabs, frequently served at Galician seafood restaurants


migalla

migallas (plural)
migalha (alternative)
mincalla (alternative)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *mīcacula, diminutive from Latin mīca (“crumb”). Synchronically miga + -alla.

crumb (a small piece which breaks off from baked food)

crumb (the soft internal portion of bread, surrounded by crust)

(figuratively) crumb (a bit, small amount)


lebrato

[lɛˈβ̞ɾa.t̪ʊ]


lacón

lacóns (plural)
lacám (alternative)
lacão (alternative)

From Latin lacca (“tumour in the leg of a horse”) + suffix -ón.


apóstolo

From Old Galician-Portuguese apostolo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), borrowed from Late Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “messenger, one sent forth”), from ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, “to send off”), from ἀπό (apó, “from”) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to set”).


politólogo

gl-noun

politólogo m (plural politólogos, feminine politóloga, feminine plural politólogas)

politólogos (plural)
politóloga (feminine)
politólogas (feminine plural)


tribadismo

tribadism, a form of lesbian intercourse involving the rubbing together of two partners' vulvae


bacharelato

From bacharel (“bachelor”) + -ato, from Old French bacheler, from Latin baccalaureus; a compound from bacca (“berry”) and laurea (“laurel”), due to the laurel crown given to the graduates.

non-compulsory final two years of secondary education, equivalent to sixth form in the UK

graduation certificate (degree from high school)


escarapela

Attested since 1808. Possibly from Spanish escarapela, perhaps from Portuguese escarpelar.

Salirán cando volvades,
Para traervos en trunfo
Con gaitas e con ferreñas,
Todal as Mozas de rumbo.
Veredes como se botan
Todal as Vellas de bruzos
Para darvos moitos bicos
Por pés, por pernas, e muslos.
Cada Escarapela vosa
Dirán que val un escudo
E para gardal a casa
Tanto coma un bon trabuco.

1808, anonymous author, Un labrador que foi sarxento:

They'll come out on your return [from the war with the French]
to bring you in triumph
with bagpipes and jingles,
all the girls along the way.
You'll see how
all the old ladies lie face down
To give many kisses
on your feet, legs and thighs.
Each one of your cockades
worths a shield/escudo, they'll say,
and for guarding the house,
as much as a blunderbuss


automutilación

automutilación f (plural automutilacións)

automutilacións (plural)
automutilaçom (alternative)
automutilação (alternative)


cágado

cágados (plural)
cádigo (alternative)
cágaro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Paleo-Hispanic *calap(p)acu, perhaps related to the etymon of cabaza. Cognate with Portuguese cágado (“turtle”), Spanish galápago (“turtle”) and Catalan calàpet (“toad”).


mormo

mormos (plural)
borme (alternative)
bormo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mormo, from Latin morbus.


canil

From Vulgar Latin *canīle, derived from Latin canis (“dog”). By surface analysis, can + -il.

kennel (facility at which dogs are reared or boarded)


chucho

Attested since the 19th century. Deverbal from chuchar.

[ˈt͡ʃu.t͡ʃʊ]


bandada

First attested in 1671. From bando + -ada.

Homes, jentes à rribeira,
tocai ò sino apilido,
que esta o Roleiro firido
polo medio da moleira.
rapaces, mulleres, bellos
eilos ben nunha bandada

1671, Gabriel Feixoo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

Men, people, to the banks!
Toll the bells, alarm!
Roleiro is wounded
by the middle of the head.
Young ones, women, elders
here they come together in a flock


látego

Possibly from Gothic *𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍄𐌿𐌲 (*laittug, “lead rope”), from Proto-Germanic *laidtugą (compare Old English lāttēh (“leading rein”)), from *laidijaną (“to lead”) + *tugą (“cord, rope”).

compound

whip, especially one consisting of a rope and a thong


estor

From French store, and that from Latin storea.


sevillista

gl-noun

sevillista m or f by sense (plural sevillistas)

(soccer) a fan, player, or other person associated with Sevilla FC, a football team from the Spanish city of Seville


barreiro

clay pit (quarry where clay is extracted)


horta

From Old Galician-Portuguese orta, from orto, from Latin hortus (“garden”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰortós (“enclosure”), from *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”).


lagoa

lagoas (plural)
lagúa (alternative)
legúa (alternative)

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese lagõa, from Latin lacūna (“pit”), from Latin lacus (“lake”).


moura

(folklore) fairy, bean sí; otherworldly being associated with water and prehistoric ruins who sometimes takes the form of a woman of long blonde hair and extraordinary beauty, while other times is a woman of extraordinary strength, capable of transporting boulders on her head, and who usually carries a distaff


burga

Debated. Documented as burgana in Medieval Latin local documents. Either from Vulgar Latin, or from Paleo-Hispanic, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil”).

unk

Debated


megafonía

From mega- + Ancient Greek -φωνία (-phōnía), from φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice”).

public address system
public address system

public address system, PA system, PA, tannoy (UK)


tuneladora

tunnel boring machine
tunnel boring machine

(engineering) tunnel boring machine, TBM, tunnelling machine (a large machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section)


coruñés

gl-noun

coruñés m (plural coruñeses, feminine coruñesa, feminine plural coruñesas)

coruñeses (plural)
coruñesa (feminine)
coruñesas (feminine plural)
corunhês (alternative)

native or inhabitant of A Coruña, Galicia (usually male)


cordobés

cordobés m (plural cordobeses, feminine cordobesa, feminine plural cordobesas)

cordobeses (plural)
cordobesa (feminine)
cordobesas (feminine plural)


vigués

vigués m (plural vigueses, feminine viguesa, feminine plural viguesas)

vigueses (plural)
viguesa (feminine)
viguesas (feminine plural)
viguês (alternative)

native or inhabitant of Vigo (usually male)


vitela

Probably a learned borrowing from Latin vitella, diminutive of vitula.


invernada

From Old Galician-Portuguese invernada (“rainstorm”) (13th century, used by the Galician author Johan Baveca), from inverno + -ada.

inh

aló no mes de xaneiro da cama me erguín lixeiro pra ir á feira de Ourense; Era un día de invernada de brétoma marrullento; de aquelas mañás, que o vento corta o carís coa xiada; Senteime no leito axiña e dempois de me escofar empeceime a santiguar na boca cunha cruciña; Funme co frío a sentar collendo os socos de amieiro, casi medio priguiseiro preto da pedra do lar; Da miña pobre lareira dempois que estive a carón, cun apagado tizón revolvín a borralleira; Dúas brasas apañei, dentro do soco as metín e abaleino cara min astra que ó fin o quitei; Feito esto con boa fe para ter calor no centro puxen dous follatos dentro e dempois metín o pé

1859, R. Barros Sibelo, Un dia de desfertuna:

back in January, I swiftly get up from bed to go to the fair of Ourense. It was a wintry day, unruly, misty; one of those mornings when the wind cuts the face with the frost. I promptly sat down on bed and, after scratching myself, I crossed myself in the mouth with a little cross. Grabbing the clogs of alder, I went with the cold to sit, almost as a mendicant, by the hearthstone. From my poor fireplace, after I was by its side, with a burn out stick I stired the ashes; two embers I picked up, inside the clog I put them, and I tilted it towars me till I took it out. This done, with good faith, for having hot at the center, I put two corn husk leaves, and then I put my feet in

wintry persistent weather, implying cold and rain or snow


ourensán

gl-noun

ourensán m (plural ourensáns, feminine ourensá, feminine plural ourensás)

ourensáns (plural)
ourensá (feminine)
ourensás (feminine plural)
ourensam (alternative)
ourensão (alternative)


chavista

chavista m or f by sense (plural chavistas)


insurrección

insurreccións (plural)
insurrecçom (alternative)
insurreiçom (alternative)
insurreição (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin īnsurrectiōnem.


anglófilo

gl-noun

anglófilo m (plural anglófilos, feminine anglófila, feminine plural anglófilas)

anglófilos (plural)
anglófila (feminine)
anglófilas (feminine plural)


anglófobo

anglófobo m (plural anglófobos, feminine anglófoba, feminine plural anglófobas)

anglófobos (plural)
anglófoba (feminine)
anglófobas (feminine plural)


ranco

tool composed of a shaft and a semicircular blade, used by bakers to distribute and clean ashes and embers

a similar tool, used to smooth or level the ground, or for moving grain


fardo

Perhaps a back-formation from fardel, which is attested in Galician since the 13th century, from Old French fardel (Modern French fardeaux).

E may-lo Alcalde habíase d’alegrar, qu’el tamen está picado, qu’ainda n-hay ano é medio cabal que lle morreo á muller, é tamen pagou á farda como cada fillo de veciño.

1823, Pedro Boado Sánchez, Diálogo entre dos Labradores gallegos afligidos:

And the mayor would also be glad, because he's also piqued, because there's not a whole year and a half that his wife died and he also paid the burden as every mother's son


mallada

trail opened in the snow or the vegetation by a person or an animal


mallada

From Vulgar Latin *maculata, from *macla (“mail, mesh”), from macula.


torrada

From torrar (“to toast”). Cognate with Portuguese torrada.


vao

vaos (plural)
vau (alternative)
véa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese vao, from Latin vadum (“ford”), from Proto-Italic *waðom, from Proto-Indo-European *wh₂dʰóm, from *weh₂dʰ-.

(anatomy) flank (flesh between the last rib and the hip)


tortilla española

tortilla española f (plural tortillas españolas)


fermosura

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fremosura (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): from fermoso + -ura. Cognate with Portuguese formosura and Spanish hermosura.

inh+

A fermosura moitas faltas disimula


inclusión

inclusións (plural)
inclusom (alternative)
inclusão (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin inclūsiō, inclūsiōnem.


torga

Unknown. Probably from a substrate term *tǒrgăno-; cognate of Leonese and Asturian tuérganu.


torga

small hole on earth (as those done by moles); molehill

hindrance (an object used to prevent pigs to access or pass through enclosures)


castrexo

gl-noun

castrexo m (plural castrexos, feminine castrexa, feminine plural castrexas)

castrexos (plural)
castrexa (feminine)
castrexas (feminine plural)


cachotaría

cachotarías (plural)
cachotería (alternative)

Cachote (“loose piece of stone”) + -aría.

suffix

dry-stone (stones interlocked without mortar, as a building method)


gavela

From the same origin that Spanish gavilla and French javelle. Perhaps ultimately from a Celtic language (compare Welsh gafael).

gavel (a small heap of grain not tied up into a bundle)

(by extension) sheaf; bundle of twigs or stalks


irmandiño

Rui Xordo, o irmandiño revolucionario que armou a primeira revolución de caráiter social que houbo en Europa.

1945, Alfonso R. Castelao, No día de Galiza de 1945 (in 2000, Henrique Monteagudo, Obras de Castelao, Galaxia, page 518)

Roi Xordo, a revolutionary irmandiño who started the first revolution of a social nature that happened in Europe.

(historical) a member of any of the brotherhoods which revolted against nobility in 15th century Galicia


moleira

From Old Galician-Portuguese moleira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): mol (“soft”) + -eira, referring to the unossified calvaria of babies.

Homes, jentes à rribeira,
tocai ò sino apilido,
que esta o Roleiro firido
polo medio da moleira.
rapaces, mulleres, bellos
eilos ben nunha bandada,

Men, people, to the banks!
Toll the bells, alarm!
Roleiro is wounded
by the middle of the head.
Young ones, women, elders
here they come together in a flock,

Non sei qué xuncras traguía na moleira o Seor Pedro, que o vin no outro onte carreirando, como un neno, e axuntando aos seus veciños, pra que onde ao seu palleiro fosen axiña a agoardá-lo; Eu non sei si un formigueiro de vermes lle boligaban entre os miolos dos sesos, pois semellaba a un doente, pro casi arrincando os pelos de debaixo da monteira, sin ton, nin son, e sin xeito; Eu non sei qué lle proía, eu non sei, si tiña o demo; porque os folgos eran fogos e os ollos dous candeeiros, e a cara toda prigada, amostrando os seus chavellos coa boca de un palmo aberta, babexado o fuciñeiro, parecía un estraloxe, un estraloxe de un vello

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferrocarril Compostelano:

I don't know what damned thing was bringing in his head Mr. Pedro, whom I saw the day before yesterday running around, as a kid, and gathering his neighbours asking them to come promptly to his barn and wait for him; I don't know if a colony of worms was scampering around the center of his brains, because he looked as a madman, almost pulling out the hair from under the hat, without rhyme of reason, and without care; I don't know what was itching him, I don't know if he was possessed by a demon; because his breath was fire and the eyes two lamps, and the face all folded, showing his fangs with mouth open wide, the snout drooled; he looked as a ravel, an old man's ravel


zarro

From cerrar (“to close, enclose”), from Latin serō (“I fasten”).

fence or wall which encloses a piece of woodland


zarra

Back-formation from cerrar (“to close, enclose”), from Latin serō (“I fasten”).


variedade

[ba.ɾjɛˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]


lente de contacto

gl-noun

lente de contacto f (plural lentes de contacto)


ferros

Johan de Naue, alfayate deſta mééſma villa, eſtãdo en geonloſ preſo cõ hũa cadẽa na gargãta τ húús ferros nos péés, ante Johan Beya, alcayde de Monte Rey por Roy Paez de Bema que o queriã yr juſtiçar τ matar.

1332, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 155

Xoán de Nave, taylor of this same town, being on his knees bound with a chain on his neck and fetters on his feet, before Xoán Beia, mayor of Monterrei by Roi Páez de Bema, who wanted to judge and kill him


vidros

[ˈbi.ð̞ɾʊs̺]


espaguetes

O segredo está en botar os espaguetes na tixola e mesturar ben coa culler de pau.


novidades

As novidades da nova actualización


britânico

britânicos (plural)
britânica (feminine)
britânicas (feminine plural)


cativo

cativo m (plural cativos, feminine cativa, feminine plural cativas)

cativos (plural)
cativa (feminine)
cativas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese cativo, from Latin captīvus (“captive”).

Os cativos teñen que enredar.


cruzamento

crossing, intersection (where roads, lines, or tracks cross)

Xira á dereita no cruzamento.

crossroads, crossing, intersection (a place where one road crosses another; an intersection of two or more roads)

crossbreeding (action, effect or product of producing (an organism) by the mating of individuals of different breeds, varieties, or species; hybridize)


densidade

Learned borrowing from Latin dēnsitātem.


faixa

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin fascia (“strip, ribbon”). Cognate with Portuguese faixa, Spanish faja and Catalan faixa.


adestrador

adestrador m (plural adestradores, feminine adestradora, feminine plural adestradoras)

adestradores (plural)
adestradora (feminine)
adestradoras (feminine plural)


importância

reintegrationist spelling of importancia


furado

From Old Galician-Portuguese furado (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin forātus. Compare Catalan forat, Spanish horado, Asturian furáu.

Fernán Gonçalues de Lamella se obrigou de dar en nome do conçello de çidade d'Ourense çento táboas et quarenta madeyros en esta maneyra que se sige: las táboas que aja cada hua des pees do dito Fernán Garçía et de la anchura, segundo está aquí asinallada de maao a maao, et an de auer de gordo dous dedos et que sejan dereytas e chaas e boas e merchinas sen furados, et os quarenta madeyros an de seer en esta maneyra que se sige: de ancho como está asinallado de maao en maao et de alto a terçeera maao, et an de auer de longo dose pees ou de mays, et destes madeyros ha de auer quatro que an de auer des et oyto pees en longo ou mays, se mays poderen auer, et estes madeyros an de seer de çerno de carballo et as táboas de castaño

1459, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 441:

Fernán Gonzalvez de Lamela committed himself to give, in the name of the city council of Ourense, a hundred boards and forty planks, in this way: each one of the boards must be ten feet, of this Fernán García, in long; and in width as it is here consigned from hand to hand; and they should be two inches in thickness; and they should be straight and level and good without holes. And the forty planks must be made in this way: in width as it is consigned, from hand to hand, in high to the third hand; and they must have twelve feet or more in long; and of these planks four must be eighteen feet or more in long, as long as they can be made; and these planks must be made in oak heartwood, and the planks in chestnut.

“Vaite, calzon galdrumeiro,”
dixo ó probe decontado,
“tes para hencher un pucheiro
por porte diante ó furado.”

c. 1850, Florencio Pol, Baixaba os calzós Xacobo:

"Get away, you gluttonous pants",
said the poor thing right away,
"you have enough to fill a pot
for standing before the hole"


mexo

Back-formation from mexar (“to piss”). Compare Portuguese mijo and Spanish meo.

convertín o viño en mexo;
non veño do medio do crucifixo

2020, Malandrómeda, Galician Edi Murfi [song]

I turned wine into piss;
I don't come from the middle of the crucifix
But I made some scenes.


bicada

beakful, food that birds carry inside their beak while fathering


trisca

Deverbal from triscar (“to stomp, step”).

deverbal

Todas aquelas festiñas
Ydas, è voltas, paseos
De dia é noites de bran
Bailes é triscas d’inverno,

1843, Xoán M. Pintos, A Faustino Dominguez:

All that feasts
Round trips, walks
Of summer days and evenings,
Balls and merrymaking of winter


desfeita

From desfacer (“to undo, destroy”). Cognate with English defeat.

Vaia desfeita! A arrombar o teu cuarto!

Que desfeita! O pedrazo estragou a viña!

What a disaster! The hail ravaged the vineyard!


meada

meadas (plural)
mada (alternative)
manda (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese mãada, from Medieval Latin *manata (“a handful”). Cognate with Spanish manada and Italian manata.


meada

1346. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mediata (“halved”), from Latin mediō (“to halve”). Cognate with Northern Portuguese meiada.

debo á muller de Vasco de Fonteelo una meada de liño e á Tereixa Gata quatro maçarocas destopa

1519, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 222:

I owe a skein of flax to Vasco de Fontelo's wife, and to Tereixa Gata four spindlefuls of tow


modificação

reintegrationist spelling of modificación


facilidade

Learned borrowing from Latin facilitātem.


profundidade

Learned borrowing from Latin profunditas, profunditatem; equivalent to profundo (“deep”) + -idade. Unattested in Medieval Galician.


adubo

From adubar, from Old French adouber (“to equip; to adorn”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dub- (“to fit”). Cognate with Portuguese adubo and Spanish adobo.

bor

et buscarom os adobes das carnes et dos pescados que comyam, et fazer mãjares de moytas maneyras et de moytos sabores

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 96:

and they searched for the seasonings of the meats and fishes that they ate, and for preparing dishes in many ways and of many tastes

non pode querer ó noso Rey que lle paguemos un carto polo neto do viño, que non podemos vender á ochavo. Os probes non comemos mais ca un pouco de pan, ou bróa ruin, e unhas berzas sin adubo. Si nos quita a pinga do viño, ¿que forza emos ter para traballar as terras?

1805, anonymous, Representación dos veciños da Pontedeva (in Ramón Mariño Paz, 2008, Papés d'emprenta condenada. A escrita galega entre 1797 e 1846, page 21-23)

our King can't pretend that we pay a quarter by each pint of wine [we consume], when we can't even sell it for half a quarter. We the poor people eat but a little of bread, or bad black bread, and some greens without seasoning. If He takes this little wine, what strength we'll have left for working the lands?


assimilação

reintegrationist spelling of asimilación


controvérsia

reintegrationist spelling of controversia


sobrevivente

gl-noun

sobrevivente m or f by sense (plural sobreviventes)


gargalo

Compare garganta, gargallada, gargalo. Cognate with Portuguese gargalo.

slot carved in a wooden clog during its elaboration


imparcialidade

imparcialidade f (plural imparcialidades)


lavandaría

lavandarías (plural)
lavandería (alternative)


letreiro

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese letereyro (first attested in the 14th century). By surface analysis, letra + -eiro.

inh+

Emberiza cirlus
Emberiza cirlus#Translingual


credibilidade

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin crēdibilitās, crēdibilitātem, from Latin credibilis.


desencadeamento

gl-noun

desencadeamento m (plural desencadeamentos)

triggering (the initiation of an action)


obesidade

Learned borrowing from Latin obēsitātem. Cognate with Portuguese obesidade.

Microbiota intestinal, tensión e obesidade poderían interactuar de forma distinta en homes e mulleres

2023 April 19, A interacción da microbiota intestinal, tensión e obesidade distinta en homes e mulleres:

Gut microbiota, stress and obesity could interact differently in men and women


incendiário

incendiários (plural)
incendiária (feminine)
incendiárias (feminine plural)

reintegrationist spelling of incendiario


flexibilidade

Learned borrowing from Latin flexibilitātem.


integridade

Learned borrowing from Latin integritātem (“soundness, integrity”).


cribo

Attested since circa 1300. From Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cribum, dissimilated form of Latin cribrum attested in some late glosses, from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to seive”). Cognate with Portuguese crivo and Spanish criba.

furarõ aquel vaso todo porlo fondo [como] criuo

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 264:

They pierced that vase all by its bottom as a sieve


enfermidade

From Old Galician-Portuguese enfermidade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin īnfirmitās.

Eu Gonſaluo Eaneſ, caualleyro de Çerracõeſ, poſto en grande enfermidade pero cõ todo meu ſſiſo τ cõ toda mia mente ordino meus bẽeſ en guiſa que nõ naſca y contẽda depus mia morte

1302, C. de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 144

I, Gonzalo Eanes, knight of Zarracós, set in a grand illness but with all of my wits and all of my mind, I order my assets so that no conflict is born because of them after my decease


papeleira

paper mill (a factory devoted to making paper from wood pulp and other ingredients)

wastepaper basket, wastebasket, wastebin, wastepaper bin

(computing) trash, (in Microsoft Windows) recycle bin


betume

From Vulgar Latin *bittūmen, from Latin bitūmen.


piche

Borrowed from English pitch. Doublet of inherited pez.


lingua materna

gl-noun

lingua materna f (plural linguas maternas)


muíño

muíños (plural)
moín (alternative)
moíño (alternative)
molín (alternative)
moliño (alternative)
muín (alternative)
muño (alternative)
muinho (alternative)
moinho (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese moỹo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin (saxum) molīnum (“millstone”).

inh

mill (the building housing such a grinding apparatus)


aluguer

From Old Galician-Portuguese aloguer (“rental”) (13th century, Alfonso X); ultimately from Latin allocāre.

et outrosy meu gaando que y trago, que tragem de min a aluger homes que hy moran

1344, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 192

and also the cattle that I have there, that men that dwell there have from me in rental

Estraños arrendamentos de servizos, algún gravemente delitivo, de odiosa e repugnante inmoralidade, como a manguela, máis divulgada e consentida do que a conciencia permite supoñer no partido de Becerreá, que consiste no aluguer de nenos defectuosos, enfermos e a veces sans e cruelmente deformados para dedicá-los á mendicidade ou para explotar ós últimos en circos nómades

1912, Alberto Aguilera y Arjona, Dereito consuetudinario, page 28:

Weird service rentals, some of them seriously criminal, of detestable and abhorrent immorality, as the manguela, more spread and tolerated than good conscience allows in the Becerreá district, which consist in the rental of defective or sick children, sometimes sound or cruelly deformed, to dedicate them to begging or for exploiting the later in nomadic circuses


teor

13th century. From Latin tenor. Cognate with Portuguese teor and Spanish tenor. Doublet of tenor (“tenor”).

mostrou e feso leer por min dito notario, ao dito Andreu Sanches, endeantado, hun escripto de protestaçón, do qual o theor tal est: [...]

1357, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 87:

he shew and ordained to read, by me the aforementioned notary, to the aforementioned Andreu Sánchez, governor, a protest document, which content is this: …


chamamento

From Old Galician-Portuguese chamamento (independently attested in both corpora since the 14th century): from chamar + -mento.

os quales diñeiros gastei en desenbargar os bees e terras que meu señor padre enpeñou a payo gomez de soutomayor vasallo do Rey e señor que foi da casa forte de lantaño para a costa que tebo ennas sahidas que fiso con os demais fidalgos da terra en compañia do señor arçobispo e perlado de santiago don lope de mendoza tio de dona maior de mendoza moller que foi do dito payo gomez contra os mouros da andaluçia fasta que se ganou a cibdad de antequeira ao Rey mouro de granada de chamamento do señor infante don fernando, e tamen enna sahida que eu fise de chamamento de seu sobriño noso señor el Rey don joan e de mandado de meu señor padre en lugar del cando se ganou dos mouros a grande batalla da figeira en donde tamen perdin e me mataron o cabalo e eu sahin ben librado enpero ben ferido de hua saetada enno braço dereito que non a vin curada fasta pasados ben tres meses

1473, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:

said money I spent in redeeming the assets and lands that my father pawned to Paio Gómez de Soutomaior, vassal of the King and late lord of the stronghold of Lataño, for the expenses he had in the expeditions that he did together with the other noblemen of the country, in the company of the lord archbishop and prelate of Santiago Don Lope de Mendoza, uncle of lady Maior de Mendoza, late wife of said Paio Gómez, against the Moors of Andalusia until the city of Antequera was won from the Moor king of Granada, thanks to the call of lord Prince Don Fernando; and also in the expedition I did at the call of his nephew our king Don Xoán, at the orders of my father and instead of him, when the great Battle of the Figtree was won to the Moors, where I lost and they killed my horse and I got out safe but badly injured of an arrow shot in the right arm, wound that I saw not cured until more than three moths later


circunstância

reintegrationist spelling of circunstancia


comodidade

Learned borrowing from Latin commoditātem.


competência

reintegrationist spelling of competencia


concorrência

reintegrationist spelling of concorrencia


conflito

Learned borrowing from Latin cōnflictus (“struck together”).


transcrición

transcricións (plural)
transcriçom (alternative)
transcrição (alternative)


cristianización

gl-noun

cristianización f (plural cristianizacións)


desconto

(sports) injury time, stoppage time, additional time, added time


desobediência

reintegrationist spelling of desobediencia


legalización

legalizacións (plural)
legalizaçom (alternative)
legalização (alternative)


carteira

[kɐɾˈtei̯ɾɐ]


convite

14th century. From Old Occitan; ultimately from Latin convitō. Cognate with Portuguese convite and Spanish convite.


ciúme

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *zelumen, from Late Latin zelus (“jealousy”), from Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-.


celeiro

celeiros (plural)
cileiro (alternative)
zoleiro (alternative)
zuleiro (alternative)

12th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese celeiro, from Late Latin cellārium; from Latin cella. Cognate with Portuguese celeiro, Spanish cillero and English cellar.

cellar, pantry, storeroom (for food, wine)

Bacoriño en celeiro non quere compañeiro.

The piglet at the granary wants no companion.


ciúmes

jealousy (resentfulness over a loved one’s attention or connection with someone someone else)


bondade

From Old Galician-Portuguese bondade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin bonitātem, from Latin bonus. Compare Portuguese bondade, Spanish bondad.


covarde

covarde m or f by sense (plural covardes)

[koˈβ̞aɾ.ð̞ɪ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese covardo ("covarda", 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), ultimately from Old French cuard, probably through Old Occitan.


conselheiro

conselheiros (plural)
conselheira (feminine)
conselheiras (feminine plural)

reintegrationist spelling of conselleiro


cobertor

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cobertor, from Latin coopertōrium, or from cubrir, cuberto + -(t)or. Cf. also the rare or archaic cobertoiro, and Portuguese cobertouro.


deusa

Attested since circa 13000 (deesa). From deus (“god”) with the feminine ending -a.


anoitecer

From Old Galician-Portuguese anoitecer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from a- + noite + -ecer. Compare Portuguese anoitecer and Spanish anochecer.


consultório

reintegrationist spelling of consultorio


aproximação

reintegrationist spelling of aproximación


coiro

coiros (plural)
couro (alternative)
cuiro (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coiro, from Latin corium, from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *sker-. Compare Portuguese couro, Spanish cuero and French cuir.

o par de çapatos de vaca nobos et sobre solados et tacoados e ben coseytos e de boas solas e peças e boa liña e boo coiro

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 126:

the pair of new cow shoes, with over sole, tacked, well sewn, with good soles and pieces and good thread and good leather

Et el tragía en sua mão hũ arco, en que nõ auj́a madeyra, mays era todo feyto de coyros cruus et de neruos engrudidos per grãde arte et per grã maestría

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 398:

He was carrying a bow in his hand, not made of wood, but completely made with crude hides and glued tendons, with great art and great mastery

este pandeiro que toco
por moito que repenique
non teñas medo que rache

1977, Suso Vaamonde / traditional, Ua! (song)

this tambourine I play,
no matter how much I drum it,
have no fear, it won't break,
'cause is made of tyrant skin


costeiro

From *costanario, from Latin costa (“rib; side”). Cognate with Spanish costanero.


carteiro

gl-noun

carteiro m (plural carteiros, feminine carteira, feminine plural carteiras)

carteiros (plural)
carteira (feminine)
carteiras (feminine plural)


costeira

From Old Galician-Portuguese costeira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from costa + -eira.

(fishing) season for the capture of certain species


celebridade

[θe.le.β̞ɾiˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

[θe.le.β̞ɾiˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

Learned borrowing from Latin celebritātem.


extraterritorialidade

gl-noun

extraterritorialidade f (plural extraterritorialidades)


falsidade

falsidades (plural)
falsidá (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese falsidade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin falsitās, falsitātem. Equal to falso + -idade.


folga

Attested since circa 1300. Back-formation from folgar. Cognate with Portuguese folga and Spanish huelga and juerga


fogueira

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fogueira, fogueyra, from Late Latin, Vulgar Latin *focāria, from focārius (“of a hearth”), from Latin focus (“(controlled) fire”). Compare Portuguese fogueira and Spanish hoguera.


generosidade

reintegrationist spelling of xenerosidade


herdeiro

gl-noun

herdeiro m (plural herdeiros, feminine herdeira, feminine plural herdeiras)

herdeiros (plural)
herdeira (feminine)
herdeiras (feminine plural)
heredeiro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese erdeiro, inherited from Latin hērēditārius. Doublet of hereditario.

Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.

The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the [she-]heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the flax, for the year's cloth.


hospitalidade

Learned borrowing from Latin hospitālitātem.


parceiro

gl-noun

parceiro m (plural parceiros, feminine parceira, feminine plural parceiras)

parceiros (plural)
parceira (feminine)
parceiras (feminine plural)
aparceiro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese parceiro, from Late Latin partiārius, from Latin partiō, from pars. Cognate with Portuguese parceiro, Spanish aparcero, Catalan parcer.


ilegitimidade

reintegrationist spelling of ilexitimidade


inexperiência

reintegrationist spelling of inexperiencia


traseiro

Attested since circa 1300 (traseyra), from tras (“behind”) + -eiro.


ripo

ripple or hackle (implement for removing the seed from flax)


instituição

reintegrationist spelling of institución


irresponsabilidade

irresponsabilidade f (plural irresponsabilidades)

From i- + responsabilidade or irresponsable + -idade.


irmandade

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin germānitās, germānitātem. Compare Portuguese irmandade and Spanish hermandad.

(historical) an open league or brotherhood of armed men which was raised against rogue noblemen, usually under royal protection, for the reestablishment of the law


interferência

reintegrationist spelling of interferencia


piedade

[pjɛˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese piedade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin pietās, pietātem.


loiro

gl-noun

loiro m (plural loiros, feminine loira, feminine plural loiras)

loiros (plural)
loira (feminine)
loiras (feminine plural)
louro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese louro (“dark coloured”), from Latin laurus (“laurel”). Cognate with Portuguese loiro.


maldade

From Old Galician-Portuguese maldade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin malitātem, from Latin malus. By surface analysis, mal + -dade. Compare Portuguese maldade, Spanish maldad.

[…] os empregados non se deixan asoballar pola súa maldade, e o mesmo porteiro deprendeu a poñerlle cara de can. Somente Pedro é un manteiguiñas, incapaz de defenderse. A covardía do xefe cabalga na covardía de Pedro, para locí-las arroutadas que non é quen de descargar no lombo dos outros. Pedro sofre en silenzo; pero cóme-no as xenreiras, e non pode ollá-la cara daquel home sen desexarlle a morte.

1934, Castelao, Os dous de sempre, page 127:

[…] employees don't let him oppress them with his meanness, and even the doorman learnt to put an angry face for him. But Pedro is a poor thing, unable to defend himself. The boss' cowardice rides Pedro's, to show off the outbursts that he is incapable of discharging over other's shoulders. Pedro suffers in silence; but spite eats him, and he can't watch that man's face without wishing him death.


poxa

14th century (poja). Back-formation from poxar.

que ficase a dita teença ẽna poja em que a tijña o dito meestrescolla e que a desem a quen máis por ella dese.

1394, A. Cabana Outeiro, editor, O Tombo H da catedral de Santiago. Documentos anteriores a 1397, Valga: Concello de Valga, page 97:

that this possession should remain on the same auction that the schoolmaster has put it, and that it should be granted to the one that gives more for it


proveito

From Old Galician-Portuguese proveito, from Latin prōfectus. Cognate with Portuguese proveito, Spanish provecho, French profit and English profit.


pouso

Back-formation from pousar or from pousa.

rest, support; in particular a projecting support for sacks at the mill

(construction) corbel or projecting support for beams, inside a house

(construction, civil law) inside a house, division in between two consecutive beams or a wall and a parallel beam

(in the plural or collective) dregs, grounds


pousa

Back-formation from pousar; alternatively, directly from Latin pausa (“pause, stop”), from Ancient Greek παῦσις (paûsis). Doublet of pausa.


porteiro

gl-noun

porteiro m or f (plural porteiros, feminine porteira, feminine plural porteiras)

porteiros (plural)
porteira (feminine)
porteiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese porteiro, porteyro, from Late Latin portārius, from Latin porta. Corresponds to porta + -eiro.


presidência

reintegrationist spelling of presidencia


rodada

[roˈð̞a.ð̞ɐ]


ruído

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ruido, from Latin rugītus. Doublet of ruxido.

inh+

Cala! Non fagas ruído!

porlla villa onde ouuer mestre de fereiros ou de çapateiros ou de outros qualquer mestres que faça roido ou estrom.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 69:

by the town, where there are a master smith or shoemaker or any other master [artisan] that makes noise or racket

aconteçendose que per la ventura algũus homẽes, asi de cavalo como de pee de min o dito Sueiro Gomes, levantaren roido ou alvoroço con algũu ou algũus vesiños da dita vila que eu seja obligado de os prender e poer ẽna cadea do dito Conçello para que se façan deles conprimento de justiça

1444, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 183

if by chance any man, either a pawn or a horseman, of me, Sueiro Gómez, caused any quarrel or uproar with any or some neighbours of this town, then I'm obliged to arrest them and took them to the council's jail, so that they can do justice to them

tódolos outros diseron juntamente que esteueram no arroydo e que uiran matar ao irmao de Gonçaluo Roíz e seu cunhado e outros pyós e que uiram tyrar a Fernán de Sam Payo, e dyserom que ele fezera muytas fyrydas e matara ó dito Gonçaluo Roz, e que ouuera muitos dynheyros dos ditos fynados, e mais diseron que se gauabo que de XX tyros que tyrara que todos empregara, saluo dous

1470, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 362:

all the rest said altogether that they were at the riot and that they saw how Gonzalvo Rois' brother, and his brother-in-law, and other pawns, were killed; and that they saw Fernán de Sampaio shooting; and they said that he caused many wounds and that he killed the aforementioned Gonzalvo Rios, and that he took many moneys from the dead; and they added that he was boasting that of twenty shots he had thrown, all but two had hit the mark


subscritor

gl-noun

subscritor m (plural subscritores, feminine subscritora, feminine plural subscritoras)

subscritores (plural)
subscritora (feminine)
subscritoras (feminine plural)


subsistência

reintegrationist spelling of subsistencia


tampa

Maybe from Gothic *𐍄𐌰𐍀𐍀𐌰 (*tappa), from Proto-Germanic *tappô (English tap); compare the doublets tapa and zapa.


véspera

From Old Galician-Portuguese vespera, from Latin vespera.


varanda

Unknown. Probably from a substrate language.

rail or beam used to dry or air clothes or corn


espetáculo

reintegrationist spelling of espectáculo


parquímetro

From parking + -metro, but Galicianizing parking changing k by qu.


estraño

From Old Galician-Portuguese estraño (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin extraneus. Doublet of estranxeiro.
Cognate with Portuguese estranho and Spanish extraño.

viasse em terra estraya et el estrayo

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 170:

he saw himself a stranger in a strange land


fertilidade

Learned borrowing from Latin fertilitātem.


ampola

From Latin ampulla. Compare Portuguese ampola and Spanish ampolla.

Fun hasta a vila descalzo
e os pés enchín me d'ampolas;
Levei calzóns emprestados

I went barefoot to town
My feet I covered with blisters;
I wore loaned trousers
went back home in underpants


floco

flocos (plural)
fleque (alternative)
freque (alternative)
froco (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese froco (“tuft”), semi-learned borrowing from Latin floccus (“tuft of wool”).

slbor

flake (a thin chiplike layer of anything)


pneumático

From Latin pneumaticus, from Ancient Greek πνευματικός (pneumatikós, “relating to wind or air”), from πνεῦμα (pneûma, “wind, air, breath, spirit”), from πνέω (pnéō, “I blow, breathe”).


loita

loitas (plural)
aloita (alternative)
luita (alternative)
luta (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese luita (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin lucta, from Latin luctārī. Cognate with Portuguese luta and Spanish lucha.


debilidade

Learned borrowing from Latin dēbilitātem.


caseiro

gl-noun

caseiro m (plural caseiros, feminine caseira, feminine plural caseiras)

caseiros (plural)
caseira (feminine)
caseiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from casa (“house”) + -eiro, or from Latin casārius. Compare Spanish casero.

Iten mando a meu yrmao Aluaro Marques toda a minna casa de Marçay, en que mora meu caseiro Afonso Eanes

1391, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, De Viveiro en la Edad Media, Estudios Mindonienses, 7, page 158:

Item, I devise to my brother Álvaro Marques my house of Marzai, in which now dwells my tenant Afonso Eanes


manancial

[mã.nãn̪ˈθjɑɫ]

[mã.nãn̪ˈθjɑɫ]


azougue

From Old Galician-Portuguese açougue (13th century), from Arabic اَلسُّوق (as-sūq, “the market, the souq”), from Aramaic שוקא or ܫܘܩܐ (šūqā, “street, market”), from Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqu, “street”), from 𒊓𒀀𒆪 (sāqu, “narrow”). Cognate with Portuguese açougue, Spanish zoco and Maltese suq. Doublet of alcouce.

der

no açouge de Monforte

1396, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro y su colección diplomática en la Edad Media, Sada / A Coruña: Ediciós do Castro, page 119:


azougue

From Andalusian Arabic الزَّوْق (az-zawq, “the quicksilver”), from Arabic زَاؤُوق (zāʔūq, “quicksilver”).


brocado

[bɾɔˈkɑ.ð̞ʊ]

Ultimately from Italian broccato. First attested in 1493.


broca

Attested since the 14th century (the derivative abrocamento since circa 1300). Ultimately from Latin broccus (“having protruding teeth”). Cognate with Portuguese broca, Spanish broca, Catalan broca, French broche. Doublet of broche, from French. Josep Coromines considered that the Spanish form, attested in Aragon since circa 1350, derived from Catalan (the inherited form would be *brueca) but this proposal is superfluous for Galician or Portuguese.

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 296

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Despoys d'esto enbraçou hũ escudo blanco cõmo a neue, et todo orellado de rrubes et de esmeraldas fremosas et claras et de grã preçio mays a broca era de ouro fino et cõ aljofres et ourofreses et cõ pedras preçiosas.

Pholas dactylus
Wikispecies:Pholas dactylus

metallic protruding part used for guiding the key into the keyhole


feixe

feixes (plural)
faz (alternative)
feixo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese feixe (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fascis, from fascio (“to bundle”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰask- (“bundle, band”). Cognate with Portuguese feixe, Spanish haz, Catalan feix, Occitan fais, French faix, Italian fascio and Romanian fascie.

der

Çinco feyxes de liño, un maçado e quatro por maçar

1519, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 219:

five flax sheafs: one threshed and four pending

dous feyxes de rodriga

1301, M. Romaní Martinez, La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, 3, page 1241

1439, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 419

Tax on the pots: Item, they ordered that any person who brings a load of pots from the outside for selling inside this city, that they shall pay two white coins for each load; and a white coin for a sack; and for the lot that they can bring on themselves, a coin; an two coins for each amphora

Sisa das olas: Iten, ordenaron que qual quer persona que trouxer carga d'olas de fora parte a vender aa dita çidade, que page de cada carga d'olas, duas brancas e de un costal d'olas, hua branca, e do feixe das olas que trouxer en collo, un diñeyro, e de cada qántara, dous diñeiros


pestana

From Old Galician-Portuguese pestana (independently attested in both corpora), of uncertain origin: probably from Paleo-Hispanic *pĭstannā. Cognate with Portuguese pestana, Mirandese pestanha, Asturian pestaña, Spanish pestaña and Catalan pestanya.

eyelash (one of the hairs which grow along the edge of eyelids)


tinteiro

Attested since circa 1750. From tinta + -eiro.

Sobre un tapiz dua mesa
mais louro do que é o carbon
hay procesos, e un tinteiro
feito de corno de boy.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos de un escolar gallego:

Over the cloth of a table,
blacker than coal,
there are lawsuits and an inkwell
made with ox horn


severidade

[s̺e.β̞e.ɾiˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

Learned borrowing from Latin sevēritātem. By surface analysis, severo + -idade.


abadengo

[a.β̞aˈð̞eŋ.ɡʊ]

[a.β̞aˈð̞eŋ.ɡʊ]

[a.β̞aˈð̞eŋ.ħʊ]

abbatial property; a property belonging to a monastery


abnegação

[aβ̞.ne.ɣ̞ɑˈθoŋ]

[aβ̞.ne.ɣ̞ɑˈθoŋ]


felón

gl-noun

felón m (plural felóns, feminine felona, feminine plural felonas)

felóns (plural)
felona (feminine)
felonas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese felon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French felon.


alicerce

Ultimately from Arabic الأَسَاس (al-ʔasās, “foundation”). Cognate with Portuguese alicerce and Spanish alizace.


amabilidade

Learned borrowing from Latin amābilitātem.


arrebol

Arreboles ao sol posto / pegureiriño andarás enjoito. / Arreboles ao sol nado / pegureiriño andarás mollado.

Red skies at sunset / shepherd, you'll be dry. / Red skies at sunrise / shepherd, you'll be wet.

the reddish colour of the sky during twilight


banzo

Obscure. Perhaps either from Proto-Germanic *bankô (“elevation, bank”) or from *bankiz (“bench”); alternatively from the same etymon that Galician banda (“side, bank”), or from the same Celtic etymon that Irish feige.

unk

Obscure

der

rail of a ladder, of a bed, of a stretcher, etc.


cabeceira

From Old Galician-Portuguese cabeçeira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): synchronically cabeza + -eira. Cognate with Portuguese cabeceira and Spanish cabecera.


bisavó

gl-noun

bisavó m (plural bisavós, feminine bisavoa, feminine plural bisavoas)

bisavós (plural)
bisavoa (feminine)
bisavoas (feminine plural)
bisavolo (alternative)
bizavó (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bisavoo (first attested in 1290). By surface analysis, bis- (“twice”) + avó (“grandfather”).