sangue

From Old Galician-Portuguese sangue, sangui (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sanguinem.

Et tãto era o sangue dos mouros que y morrerõ que nadauã os caualos en el ata as çenllas.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 112:

And so much was the blood of the Moors that died there that the horses swam in it till their girths

por que veño de seu sangue, que soo seu bisneto

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 674:

because I come from his blood, since I'm his great-grandson


loro

strap, made of leather or of twisted twigs, used for joining the yoke and the plough or the cart

leather strap or iron chain which connect both parts of a flail


lei

From Old Galician-Portuguese lei, ley, from earlier lee, from Latin lex, lēgem, from Proto-Italic *lēg-, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-s < *leǵ-.


res

os quaes me pagastes en dineiros et en res

1355, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 168:

which you paid me in money and in cattle


res

From Old Galician-Portuguese rẽes (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin rēnes (“kidneys”). Cognate with Portuguese rins.

reerás primeiramente os lombos ou as rẽes do cavalo

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 191:

you will first shave the horse's back and the smalls of the back


malle

malles (plural)
mal (alternative)
mallo (alternative)
manle (alternative)
manlle (alternative)

From Latin manualis (“manual”); cognate with Portuguese mangual.


espada

From Old Galician-Portuguese espada, from Latin spatha (“a type of sword”), from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “broad blade”). Doublet of espata.


caste

Probably from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), compare English cast.

Por aquí nacen os ricos polo outro probes labregos. Estas son as dúas castes que hai en todo o mundo inteiro.

1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, Pontevedra: Impr. de D. José e D. Primitivo Vilas, page 29:

Here the rich people are born, there the poor peasants; these are the two races that there are in the whole world

Dime logo que o probe do animal ou é de mala caste, ou ben non come

1859, Ramón Barros Silvelo, Un dia de desfertuna, page 3:

He readily told me that the animal [that I was selling] either was of bad quality, or either it didn't eat

{ soy llamado Pedro Luces ... } - To to to, vamos con tento que un home con ese nome pode ser caste do demo.

1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, Pontevedra: Impr. de D. José e D. Primitivo Vilas, page 8:

{I am called Peter Lights...} —Wo wo wo! Let us be careful: a man with that name could de a Devil's child.

progeny; group of people that share a common ancestor


nana

Probably with ultimate origin in baby talk.


polo

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin pullus.

1418, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 95

Item, the pair of chickens and chicks, six white coins and a crown

Iten o par dos polos et polas, seis blanquas et dous coroados.

chick (young bird, especially a chicken)


polo

Learned borrowing from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos).


pela

Perhaps from Vulgar Latin *pilla, from Latin pilula (“pellet”). In that case, cognate with Spanish pella.

lump, dollop, mass (of butter, grease, lard)


pela

From Latin palella (“little shovel”), from pala (“shovel”).

Item enna cosina hua caldeyra de cobre con seus ferros et hua peella

1373, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 191:

Item, in the kitchen a cooper cauldron with its irons [for hanging] and a spatula


punta

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ponta, from Late Latin puncta.


sino

From Old Galician-Portuguese sino (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin signum (“bell”), from Latin signum (“sign”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) or *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Cognate with Portuguese sino.


algo

From Old Galician-Portuguese algo, from Latin aliquod (“some; a few”).

quando chegarõ os judeus disellis com̃o tĩjna ali muy grãde algo en ouro et en aliofre et en pedras preçiosas

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 414:

when the Jew arrived he told them that he has there a large fortune in gold, pearls and precious stones


luxemburgués

gl-noun

luxemburgués m (plural luxemburgueses, feminine luxemburguesa, feminine plural luxemburguesas)

luxemburgueses (plural)
luxemburguesa (feminine)
luxemburguesas (feminine plural)
luxemburguês (alternative)


luxemburgués

Luxembourgish, the language of Luxembourg


tasca

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *taskǭ (“bag, pouch”).


tasca

Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tasko- (“peg”).

an implement used to separate the fibres of flax by beating them


gola

From Old Galician-Portuguese *goella, from Latin *gulella, from gula, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”).


garganta

[ɡɑɾˈɣ̞ɑn̪.t̪ɐ]

[ɡɑɾˈɣ̞ɑn̪.t̪ɐ]

[ħɑɾˈħɑn̪.t̪ɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese garganta; from a substrate language *gʷr̥h₃gn̥t- (“throat”), cognate with Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”) and English craw (from Proto-Germanic *k(w)ragan(þ)-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”). Alternatively, onomatopoeic.


limón

limóns (plural)
limom (alternative)
limão (alternative)

Attested since 1457 (limõ (“lemon tree”)). From Andalusian Arabic, from Arabic لَيْمُون (laymūn), from Persian لیمو (limu), لیمون (limun), from Sanskrit निम्बू (nimbū).


puro

From Old Galician-Portuguese puro, from Latin pūrus.


amo

gl-noun

amo m (plural amos, feminine ama, feminine plural amas)

amos (plural)
ama (feminine)
amas (feminine plural)

From ama (“mistress”), from Hispanic Late Latin amma, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *amma- (“mother”).

En certa aldea traballou o ano pasado certo labrador certa porcion de terra: chegada a recolleita foi a segar, e colleu vinte pares de monllos, deles pagou o señor cura duos pares do desmo, pagou nove o señor amo; logo veu o señor cura, e rapoulle cinco polas toucas, quedaronlle catro, mallounos, e non lle deron un ferrado

1814, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Aos coruñeses:

in certain village last year certain farmer farmed certain apportion of land: as the harvest came he went to reap; he collected twenty pairs of sheaves; of them he paid two pairs to the priest for the tithe, nine he paid to the landlord; then the priest came again and snatched five for the ecclesiastical services; he was left with four; he threshed them and obtained less than half a bushel


coreano

coreano m (plural coreanos, feminine coreana, feminine plural coreanas)

coreanos (plural)
coreana (feminine)
coreanas (feminine plural)


figa

From Old Galician-Portuguese figa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *fīca (“vulva”), from Latin fīcus (“fig tree or fruit”).

(folklore) fig sign, used to ward off evil spirits, the evil eye, etc. When directed to a person is insulting and equivalent to a bras d'honneur


adobe

Attested since the 15th century. Probably from Spanish adobe, from Arabic اَلطُّوب (aṭ-ṭūb), from Sahidic Coptic ⲧⲱⲃⲉ (tōbe, “brick”), from Demotic  (tb, “brick”), from Egyptian Db-b-t:O39 (ḏbt, “brick, block, ingot”).

der

Arabic اَلطُّوب (aṭ-ṭūb)

pareçeu y presente Gonçalvo Fiel, moordomo da dita villa, e presentou ao dito juis, alcaldes, jurado e procuradores, a Gonçalvo de Carcaçia preso dos pees con huus adobes e hũa cadea grosa de ferro fechada con hũu cadeado

1437, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 132

there appeared Gonzalvo Fiel, butler of the aforementioned town, to present to the mentioned judge, councilors, juror, and council agent one Gonzalvo of Carcarcía, his feet fettered with some bricks and a thick iron chain which was locked with a padlock


antes

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese antes, from ante with the adverbial -s, the former from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.


aorta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “I lift, raise”).


balsa

Attested since circa 1300. From Paleo-Hispanic.

raft; also raft-like group of trunks which are left to flow downriver


bolo

From bola (“piece of bread”), from Latin bulla (“bubble”).

Para esto ual o ouo torrado ataa que se faça duro et depois tollelle a casca et faz tal como bollo

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 129:

For this you must use egg, roasted till its hard; remove then the shell and make a roll with it

daredes hun dia de seara de cada anno en a nosa granja de Vales, e hun bolo de triigo

1396, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 449

and you'll give a day of work each year at our farm of Vales, and a piece of wheat bread


cabana

From Late Latin capanna, attested by Isidore of Seville, and well documented in local Medieval charters at least since the 10th century. Probably from Paleo-Hispanic. Cognate of English cabin.

pensarõ que mellores moradas poderiam aver que as que aviam, et buscarõ mays sobre esto, et tomarõ madeyros que arrymarõ aas pẽnas et aas grandes aruores et cobriã aqueles madeyros dos rramos das aruores et das eruas, et fezerõ logo desto moradas pequenas asy cõmo cabanas ou choças enque morassem.

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 88:

they though that they could get better dwellings than that that they had, so they searched about this, and they took logs that they supported against boulders and against large trees, and they covered them with branches and grasses, and so they made of these some minor dwellings, such as cabins or huts, where they can live


canto

From Old Galician-Portuguese canto, from Latin cantus.


canto

From Old Galician-Portuguese canto (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); from Paleo-Hispanic and having a probable Celtic origin.

[Et] poserõ perlos muros beesteyros et arque[yro]s muytos et outros, pera deytar quantos et paos agudos metudos en ferros, en guisa que os que se quisesem chegar ao muro nõ podesem escapar de morte

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 605:

And they arranged many crossbowmen and bowmen on the walls, an others to throw stones and sharp sticks inserted in irons, so as the ones who wanted to come near the wall could not escape death


canto

Documented already in Latin as canthus (“metal tire”), voice that was interpreted as Hispanic or African by Quintilian; in that case, from a hypothetical Proto-Celtic *kantos (compare Welsh cant (“rim”)). Otherwise Latin canthus could perhaps come from Ancient Greek κανθός (kanthós, “corner of the eye”).


coca

From cocatriz, probably from Old French cocatriz, from Latin calcātrīx.

de baleas, de cocas, de orças et de todoslos outros pescados quea ẽnas agoas

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 134:

of whales, of cockatrices, of orcas and of all the other fishes that are in the waters

que ordenaba e mandaba que andase logo a dita confraría de Santa Oufémea depúus a confraría de Santa María a Madre con sua danza de espadas e çirios e outros jogos algúus, se os tebesen, saluo que o jogo da qoqa que andase aalende das confrarías de San Sebastián e de San Migeel, junto con a confraría dos carniçeyros, por que a dita coqa he escandallosa

1441, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 145:

they ordered and commanded that the guild of Saint Euphemia be the firt [in the parade], then the guild of Saint Mary Mother, with its sword dance and candles and other amusements, if they have any, with the exception of the game of the cockatrice, which should go after the guilds of Saint Sebastian and Saint Michael, with the butcher's guild, because said cockatrice is scandalous

(mythology, folklore) cockatrice, in Galician folklore a water creature


coca

From a Germanic language (compare English cog).

(historical) cog (a clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged, single-masted mediaeval ship of burden)


culler

culleres (plural)
coller (alternative)
colher (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese cullar, colhar, from Latin coclear, cocleāris (“spoon”). The Galician-Portuguese word was influenced by Old French cuiller (French cuiller / cuillère), from the same Latin root. Cognate with Portuguese colher.

It. huum marquo de prata en culleres que ten Steuayna.

1375, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica:

Item: a silver mark in spoons, in the possession of Stephanie [from an inventory]

Por o rabo da culler, sube o gato a a ola.

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes o proverbios en Romance:

By the handle of the ladle, the cat climbs to the pot


dor

dores (plural)
delor (alternative)
dolor (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese door, from Latin dolor, dolōrem.


faro

From Old Galician-Portuguese faro, from Latin pharus, itself from Ancient Greek Φάρος (Pháros).


gala

(animal anatomy) gill (breathing organ of fish)


labial

(phonetics) labial (a consonant articulated by the lips)


lar

From Latin larem (“guardian spirit; home”), from Etruscan.

Miña casiña meu lar.

home (place or building where one dwells)

iten vnna caldeyra de trager agoa, iten hua caldeyra de sobre do lar, iten dous caldeyros de mao

1485, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 286:

item, a bucket for carrying water; item a cauldron for hanging over the hearth; item two hand cauldrons

a household or ancestral god in ancient Rome


lar

Perhaps from Suevic or borrowed from Old Norse leir (“clay, mud”), from Proto-Germanic *laiza- (“clay”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”).


legume

From Old Galician-Portuguese legume (Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin legūmen.

et darmos ende cada anno por vosso mayordomo, a que devemos a proveer mentre coller o pan et o vinno, meo de vinno et de noçes, de castanas, de peros, de legumia, et de çhousa, et de lino et de triigo, et de sirgo, et de gaado mayor et de cuba se o vendermos, et terça de çeveyra et de millio, et dorgio, et levarmolo todo por nos a vossa grangia dAmbas Mestas

1285, Miguel Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 1114

and so we should give each year to your steward, whom we should provide as he is taking the bread and the wine, half of wine and of walnuts, of chestnuts, of peers, of legume, of the products of the garden, of flax, of wheat, of silk, of oxen, of sold wine; and a third of fodder, of millet, of barley; and we should deliver all of it at your farm of Ambas Mestas

oyto fanegas de ligoyma entre fuas et eruellas

1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 78:

eight fanegas of legume, both beans and peas

legume (the fruit or seed of leguminous plants (as peas or beans) used for food)

(by extension) other vegetables and greens which are consumed after cooking


macho

Attested from the 13th century. From Vulgar Latin masclus, contracted form of Latin masculus (“male”). Cognate with Spanish macho and Portuguese macho.

Item mãdo ao moeſteyro de Santiago d Ermelo o meu quinõ das egóás que eu auya cũ Johan Martinz, o ffrade [...] os fillos que ſon machos que os vendan ſe quiſeren vender τ aſ egoas que fiquen cũ ſuas fillas femeas
Item, I bequeath my share of the mares that I have together with Xoán Martís, the friar, to the monastery of Santiago de Ermelo … the sons which are males shall be sold if they [the monks] wanted to, and the mares shall remain with their female daughters

1299, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 211

Endemal! non falás rouco,
mais eu à tanto desfacho,
(como dixo ô ôutro) a macho
que hè lerdo, arrieiro louco.
Por moito que eu malle, hè pouco;
que a quen do principio aò cabo,
sin fazer caso do crabo,
tàs peras tira meu frade,
conven (xiquera à semade)
que lle zorreguen ô rabo.

c. 1771, anonymous, Rosario Álvarez, Ernesto González, editors, Décima xiringatoria:

Alas! you don't speak rough,
but I, to such impertinence,
as they say, to dumb mule,
mad muleteer.
No matter how much I strike, is not enough;
because to whom, beginning to end,
not paying attention to the nail,
your pears drop, my friar,
it is advisable (at least summarily)
that they whip their tail


macho

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], probably from Latin marculus (“hammer”), a diminutive of marcus.


nave

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese nave, from Latin nāvis, nāvem.


pica

(card games) spade (a playing card of the suit spades, picas)


romano

gl-noun

romano m (plural romanos, feminine romana, feminine plural romanas)

romanos (plural)
romana (feminine)
romanas (feminine plural)


sen

sens (plural)
ce (alternative)
cen (alternative)
ene (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese sem; either from a substrate language, or more likely from Old Occitan sen (“judgement”) and ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“sense, mind”) (cf. Vulgar Latin *sennus).


sen

(usually in the plural) fly maggots and eggs deposited in meat or food


servo

gl-noun

servo m (plural servos, feminine serva, feminine plural servas)

servos (plural)
serva (feminine)
servas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese servo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin servus.


soma

From Old Galician-Portuguese soma (“top”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin summa (“top”).


tibia

Attested since 1409 (tiva). Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.

nota que a dita enfirmidade non enpeeçe aos potros mais prestalles porque daqesto engrosam as tiuas por llos homores que se uoluen aas coixas

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:

note that this sickness is not detrimental for the foals, but it benefits them because the shins swell because of the humors that return to the thighs


volta

From Old Galician-Portuguese volta (“revolt”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria) from voltar (“to turn around”), from Vulgar Latin *vol(vi)tāre, derived from Latin volvere.

inh

Esa estrada ten moitas voltas.

Paguei dez euros e deume cinco de volta.

I paid ten euros and he hand me five in change

change (money given back when a customer hands over more than the exact price of an item)

Na volta hai un debuxo.

Ali dei tres voltas
como de recreo
Axiña ò deixei
Voltei para ò eido,

1842, Juan Manuel Pintos, Meu querido pai:

I went there for three strolls,
as if recreating.
Soon I left it,
went back to my home

Et começou o torneo a creçer tãto, et a seer o acapelamento tã grande, et a uolta et os braados et os alaridos et os sõos dos cornos et das tronpas tã grandes et tã esquiuos que ome nõ se podía oýr

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 561:

And the tournament began to grow so much, and the carnage was so large, and the din and the shouts and the yells and the sound of the horns and of the trumpets so big and harsh that a man couldn't heard himself


areal

From Old Galician-Portuguese arẽal (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from area (“sand”) + -al. Cognate with Portuguese areal and Spanish arenal.


asexual

gl-noun

asexual m or f by sense (plural asexuais)


valor

From Old Galician-Portuguese valor, from Late Latin valōrem, accusative of valor, from Latin valeō (“I am strong”).

value (quality that renders something desirable or valuable)

value (the degree of importance one gives to something)

value (numerical quantity measured, assigned or computed)

(music) value (the relative duration of a musical note)


formal

1290, M. Lucas Álvarez P. Lucas Domínguez (eds.), El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos. Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 415

we give you, for you to have, that house where you now dwell in Eires, with its garden and with the whole plot of that house, as it is enclosed with a wall at the time of this charter

damos a uos que tenades de nos essa cassa en que uos ora morades en Eyres, con seu saydo et con todo o formal dessa casa, asi como esta çerrada de muro ao tenpo da era desta carta.


funda

Attested with this meaning since the 14th century. From Latin funda. Doublet of fonda. Compare Portuguese fonda and Spanish funda and honda.

Quando eles uirõ Lãça[rote] nõ no conoçerõ porque fezera el meter seu escudo em sua fonda

c. 1350, Lourdes Soriano, editor, Livro de Tristan:

When they saw Lancelot they didn't recognise him, because he ordered to put his shield inside its case


mai

From Old Galician-Portuguese mãy, influenced by the archaic nana (“mother”), from Latin mater. Cognate of Portuguese mãe.


sistema operativo

sistema operativo m (plural sistemas operativos)


vietnamita

vietnamita m or f by sense (plural vietnamitas)


fol

Inherited from Latin follis (“bellows, purse”), cognate with Portuguese fole and Spanish fuelle. With the meaning of "madman", from Old Occitan fol or Old French fol.

inh+

home pequeno, fol de veleno


nova

(astronomy) nova (any sudden brightening of a previously inconspicuous star)


mato

From a substrate language. Compare Portuguese mato and Spanish mata.


boliviano

gl-noun

boliviano m (plural bolivianos, feminine boliviana, feminine plural bolivianas)

bolivianos (plural)
boliviana (feminine)
bolivianas (feminine plural)


xeno

Unknown. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁mn̥ (“offspring”), through a local substrate language.

(cooking) secondary sprout of a cabbage, produced after the head is collected


trigo

From Old Galician-Portuguese triigo (form already attested in local 10th century local Medieval Latin documents), from Latin triticum probably through a Vulgar Latin tridicum.

et darmos ende cada anno por vosso mayordomo, a que devemos a proveer mentre coller o pan et o vinno, meo de vinno et de noçes, de castanas, de peros, de legumia, et de çhousa, et de lino et de triigo, et de sirgo, et de gaado mayor et de cuba se o vendermos, et terça de çeveyra et de millio, et dorgio, et levarmolo todo por nos a a vossa grangia dAmbas Mestas


logo

Clipping of logotipo, similar to English logo.


borra

It. mando a mia cama. en que eu jasco. que som quatro almadraques. dos quaes ssom dous de ffroxel et huun dalgodon et outro de borra et con seu cabeçal et con duas colchas

1348, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 306:

Item, I bequeath my bed, the one where I lie, which is made of four mattresses, two of them of down, one of cotton, and another of wool, with its pillow and two quilts …

rough wool; flock (coarse tufts of wool used in bedding)


onda

From Old Galician-Portuguese onda, from Latin unda.

c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 337

so wild were the sea waves that, to the ones who see it boiling like that, their hearts trembled inside their chests

tan brauas eram as ondas do mar que, aos que o asy vyã feruer, que os corações lles tremeam ẽnos ventres


ponte

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ponte f, from Latin pōns, pontem m. Compare Portuguese ponte f and Spanish puente m.

inh+

(nautical) bridge; the deck from which a ship is controlled

long weekend; a day which falls between two work-free days (holidays or weekend days), on which leave is preferred


sacro

Learned borrowing from Latin sacer, sacrum. Cf. also the inherited sagro.


paz

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese paz, from Latin pācem, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-. Compare Portuguese paz.


ferradura

From Old Galician-Portuguese ferradura, from ferrar + -dura. Compare Portuguese ferradura, Spanish herradura.


cadáver

cadáveres (plural)
cadavre (alternative)

[kɑˈð̞a.β̞eɾ]

Learned borrowing from Latin cadaver, cadavere.


camión

camións (plural)
camiom (alternative)
camião (alternative)

Attested since 1913. Ultimately from French camion.


gamba

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin gamba (“leg”).


mente

From Old Galician-Portuguese mente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin mentem, singular accusative of mēns, from Proto-Indo-European *méntis.

[ˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ɪ]


dente

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese dente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin dentem. Compare Portuguese dente and Spanish diente.

inh+

tooth; prong; tine (sharp projection in a tool)


firma

From Old Galician-Portuguese firma. Deverbal from firmar.


valo

wall, rampart or fence which separates two pieces of land or a house perimeter


fel

From Old Galician-Portuguese fel (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *felem m or f, from Latin fel n.


cana

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾱ (kắnnā), borrowed from Akkadian qanûm.

etymon

(botany) cane, reed (any plant with a fibrous, elongated stalk, such as a sugarcane or bamboo)

Saccharum officinarum
Saccharum officinarum#Translingual

(botany) sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum, tropical grass from which sugar is extracted)


inverno

From Old Galician-Portuguese inverno~iverno (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin hībernum. For the added nasal in the first syllable, cf. Spanish invierno, etc.


antónimo

gl-noun

antónimo m (plural antónimos, feminine antónima, feminine plural antónimas)

antónimos (plural)
antónima (feminine)
antónimas (feminine plural)


deus

deus m (plural deuses, feminine deusa, feminine plural deusas)

deuses (plural)
deusa (feminine)
deusas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese deus, from Latin deus.


director

director m (plural directores, feminine directora, feminine plural directoras)

directores (plural)
directora (feminine)
directoras (feminine plural)


alfabeto

From Latin alphabētum, from Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).


causa

Learned borrowing from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cousa.


muro

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese muro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).

der

wall (stone structure built for defense)

wall (stone structure built for delimitation)


pito

ſſete ouellas τ dous años τ ſſete cabras τ quatro cabritos τ duas porcas τ mea doutra τ hũa porcalla con ſſeus fillos τ dose patas τ treσe gallinas cõ quatorze pĩtoos

1348, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia, editor, História do galego-português, Coimbra: I.N.I.C, page 159:

seven sheep and two lambs and seven goats and four kids and two sows and a half and a sow with her sons and twelve ducks and thirteen hens with fourteen chicks


pito

Dimpois de comer dúas cuncas de caldo, deitouse na cama, sacou da faltrica do chaleque dous cigarros e unha navalla e liando un pito, púxose a fumegar polas ventas das narices, o mesmo có tren.

1891, José Barral Campos, O amigo de S. Pedro:

After eating two bowls of broth he laid down on the bed; he took two cigars and a pocket knife from the vest's pocket and, rolling a cigarette, began to throw smoke by the nostrils, not unlike a train


lanza

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lança, from Latin lancea, from Paleo-Hispanic, probably from a Celtic language, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂k- (“strike”). Cognate with Sicilian lanza.

inh+

Gonçaluo Rodrigues d'Olueda deu querella do dito prouisor et de seus omes, que tragendo él en este dia ena sua sua viña de tras lo Castello seys omes arrendando e labrando sua viña que seyran a él do dito castello sete omes et que aderençaran a hun seu fillo, que á nome Pedro, et a hun seu criado que lle deran con asta tras lo pescoço et aos ditos labradores que deran hua ferrida ena testa con hua lança et a outro labrador que lle deran quatro feridas, de que entendía que non escaparía, et correran pos elles

1459, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 340:

Gonzalo Rodríguez de Olveda gave a complaint of said provisor and his men; because bringing he that day, in his vineyard behind the castle, six hired men working his vineyard, that seven men exited said castle to them, and that they came near one of his sons, who has the name Pedro, and that they hit one of his servants in the back of the neck with the shaft; and to said workers, they gave one a wound in the head with a spear, and to other worker they gave four wounds, of which he thought he wouldn't get out, and they ran after them


tío

gl-noun

tío m (plural tíos, feminine tía, feminine plural tías)

tíos (plural)
tía (feminine)
tías (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese tio, from Late Latin thīum, from Ancient Greek θεῖος (theîos). Compare Portuguese tio.

O meu tío é o irmán da miña nai ou do meu pai.

My uncle is my mother’s or father’s brother.

E ese tío gritoume.

(colloquial) unknown male person, dude, guy

mister (title conferred on an adult male)


coco

From Latin coccum (“berry; gall; insect; scarlet dye”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos, “grain, seed, berry”).


río

From Old Galician-Portuguese rio, from Vulgar Latin rius (“river”), from Latin rīvus (“brook, small stream”).


enciclopedia

enciclopedias (plural)
enciclopédia (alternative)


sueco

gl-noun

sueco m (plural suecos, feminine sueca, feminine plural suecas)

suecos (plural)
sueca (feminine)
suecas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Suecus, ultimately from Latin Suiōnēs (“Swedes”) (in Tacitus); cognate with Old English Swēon (“Swedes”).


comida

From the past participle of comer (“to eat”).


avião

aviões (plural)
avión (alternative standard)
aviom (alternative)


inventor

gl-noun

inventor m (plural inventores, feminine inventora, feminine plural inventoras)

inventores (plural)
inventora (feminine)
inventoras (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin inventor, inventōrem.


grade

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese grade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cratis, cratem (“wickerwork”).

Iten, preçaron duas grades e hun chedeiro e dous temoos de cerna, a parte dos menores em quorenta :XL -? maravedis

1474, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 74:

Item, they appraised two harrows, a cart's bed and two shafts of heartwood, the part corresponding to the kids, 40 coins

harrow (device dragged across ploughed land to smooth the soil)


freo

From Old Galician-Portuguese frẽo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin frēnum. Cognate with Portuguese freio, Spanish freno and French frein.

Iten, que furtara a faqa a Pero Gayo da sua casa, que está á par da vila de Ribadauia, da casa que está á par da ponte, et que lla furtara con a sella e con o freo et que fora despois por ela preso ena Cruña

1455, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 316:

Item, that he stole the mare of Pedro Gaio, from his house that is close to the town of Ribadavia, by the bridge; and that he stole her with saddle and bridle, and that later he was captured because of her in A Coruña


martes

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese martes, from Latin Mārtis dīes, variant of diēs Mārtis.

inh+

Os outros dias da semana teuerom et téém et am os antigóós [nomes] quelles os [gentijs] poserõ das planetas: o lues da lũa, o martes de Mars, o mercoles de Mercurio, o joues de Jupyter, o vernes de Venus

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, page 94:

the other days of the week had and have the old names which the pagans gave to them, from the planets: Monday of the Moon, Tuesday of Mars, Wednesday of Mercury, Thursday of Jupiter, Friday of Venus

Tuesday (the third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday)

days of the week: día da semana: luns · martes · mércores · xoves · venres · sábado · domingo [edit]


abril

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese abril, from Latin Aprīlis.


agosto

[ɑˈɣ̞os̺.t̪ʊ]

[ɑˈɣ̞os̺.t̪ʊ]

[ɑˈħos̺.t̪ʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese agosto, from Vulgar Latin agustus, from Latin augustus.


inspector

gl-noun

inspector m (plural inspectores, feminine inspectora, feminine plural inspectoras)

inspectores (plural)
inspectora (feminine)
inspectoras (feminine plural)


solo

Derived from Latin solum (“soil, ground”).


solo

(music) solo (a piece of music for one performer)


garda

From Old Galician-Portuguese guarda, probably a back-formation from gardar.


abreviatura

[a.β̞ɾɛ.β̞jaˈt̪u.ɾɐ]


prego

From Old Galician-Portuguese. Back-formation from pregar. Cognate with Portuguese prego and Spanish pliego.

hũu liuro apocalisy scripto en purgameo e cuberto de cuberturas de táuõas cubertas de coyro uermello con pregos grandes, o qual liuro era scripto em bõa létera formada e con pinturas

1396, A. Cabana Outeiro, editor, O Tombo H da catedral de Santiago. Documentos anteriores a 1397, Valga: Concello de Valga, page 138:

a book of Revelation written on parchment and covered with covers made of boards covered with red leather, with large sheets, and the mentioned book is written with good well formed letter and with paintings


frontal

[fɾon̪ˈt̪ɑɫ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese frontal, a learned borrowing from Medieval Latin frontalis (“frontal”), from Latin frons.

lbor

(Christianity) frontal (a decorative drapery covering the front of an altar.)

(architecture) frontal (the façade of a building.)


hebreo

gl-noun

hebreo m (plural hebreos, feminine hebrea, feminine plural hebreas)

hebreos (plural)
hebrea (feminine)
hebreas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese ebreo, ebreu (“Hebrew, Jew”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin hebraeus, from Ancient Greek Ἑβραῖος (Hebraîos), from Hebrew עִבְרִי (“Hebrew”).


cristal

From Old Galician-Portuguese cristal (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin crystallum (“crystal, ice”), from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”).

der

os nomes delas son estes: carbũcolo, sardis, cafil, amatista, berilo, topás, crisólitos, esmeralda, brasmo, rrobj́, calçedonja, cristal

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 436:

the names of them are these: carbuncle, sard, sapphire, amethyst, beryl, topaz, chrysolite, emerald, [green quartz], ruby, chalcedony, crystal

huas contas huun calçadonyo et trage hua pedrelina preta que trage figura d'angeo engastoada en prata por sinal que andan en liña branqua et andan y cubellas de prata et moytos esterliins por sinal que andan y pedra cristal rredonda moy crara.

1348, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 152:

some bead; a chalcedony; and brings a black stone that brings the figure of an angel set in silver, as a signal, that are in a white cord; and there are some silver cups and many sterlings as a signal, and there is a round and very clear quartz stone

ice formed on the surface of a pool or a river


allo

From Old Galician-Portuguese alho, from Latin allium. Cognate with Portuguese alho and Spanish ajo.

Outrosí, os rapases do [... escud]eiros e ofiçiaes rouban e furtan quanto achan nas ortas e nas chousas e leuan os allos e uerças e ortariça sen diñeiros

1385, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 247:

Also, the servants … squires and officials rob and steal everything they find in gardens and enclosed fields, and they take away the garlics and the greens and the vegetables without paying for them

Non fagas Copras mordentes
que no teu frío gaspallo
ben conocemos ó Allo

1779, Diego Antonio Cernadas y Castro, Obras en prosa y verso del Cura de Fruime (vol. IV), Madrid: Joachin Ibarra, 191-193, page 191

Don't you compose mordant verses
'cause in your cold gazpacho
we readily meet the garlic
even while you don't show the cloves (= even while you don't show your teeth)

Allium sativum
Allium sativum#Translingual


castelo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese castelo, from Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum (“fort”).

inh+

(architecture) castle (fortified stronghold)

(figurative) part of the yoke that resembles a battlement with merlons


mil

miles (plural)
bile (alternative)
milde (alternative)
minle (alternative)

1474. From Vulgar Latin *medianile, from Latin mediānus. Compare the cognates mión and molo.

Iten, preçaron hun rrodisioe dous miilles de carro em noventa maravedis

1474, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 66:

Item, they appraised a water wheel and two wheel centers of a cart in ninety maravedis

central piece of the Galician cart wheel


só

From Old Galician-Portuguese soo, from Latin sōlus (“alone”).


arena

arena (an enclosed area for the presentation of sporting events)


lintel

Borrowed from Old French lintel, from Vulgar Latin limitalis, from Latin liminaris.


maga

Attested in the 12th century in local Latin documents. From Suevic or Gothic, from Proto-Germanic *magô (“stomach”). Cognate of English maw.

A sardiña fresca ou revenida, debe ir á parrilla enteira, con toda a súa maga ou tripa, e sin escamar

1973, Álvaro Cunqueiro, A Cociña Galega, Vigo: Galaxia, page 106:

The sardines, either fresh or salted, must be grilled with their guts or entrails, and with their scales


illa

Attested: 18th century. From Portuguese ilha, perhaps from Old Catalan illa, from Latin insula. Partially displaced Old Galician-Portuguese inssoa (whence the inherited Galician insua, "river island").


comprador

gl-noun

comprador m (plural compradores, feminine compradora, feminine plural compradoras)

compradores (plural)
compradora (feminine)
compradoras (feminine plural)

From comprar + -dor, or from Late Latin compāratōrem, from Latin compārō.


dado

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese dado, itself from a form *datu of uncertain origin; possibly from Classical Arabic أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād, “numbers”), or from Latin datum. Compare Spanish dado, Catalan dau, Italian dado, French dé.


decreto

Attested since circa 1300. Learned borrowing from Latin dēcrētum.


ferro

From Old Galician-Portuguese ferro, from Latin ferrum.


banda

14th century. From Old French bande, bende, from Frankish *bindā, bindu, from Proto-Germanic *bindō (“band”).

c. 1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 129

Pytagoras was a very good knight and very valiant, and he was wearing a shield of silver and red, with traversal bands

Pytagoras era moy bõo caualeyro et moy ardido, et tragia hũ escudo de argẽte et de vermello cõ bandas ao traues


banda

15th century. Uncertain. Perhaps from Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍅𐍉 (bandwō, “sign”).


banda

outra leyra jaz a caron de outra de Lourenço d'Alen, e da outra banda parte con outra de Gonçalo Carreira

1496, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 733:

the other field is by another of Lourenzo d'Alén, and on the other side it departs from another belonging to Gonzalo Carreira


barca

From Old Galician-Portuguese barca, from Late Latin barca, probably from Paleo-Hispanic; or either from Latin *barica, from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), itself probably of Egyptian origin.

afreto de vos Juan de Bayona, marineiro, besiño da villa de Pontevedra, que sodes presente, a barcha que dizen por nome San Salvador, que Deus salve, de que vos sodes mestre, para que prasendo a Deus, carrege ẽna dita barcha tres mill çeramis de millo, medidos por la medida dereita da praça da dita villa de Pontevedra, para a costa de Biscaya, a qual dita barcha deve de ser cargada do dito millo doje ata quinse dias segintes et dende partir con a boa ventura do primeiro boo tenpo que lle Deus der et en segimento de seu biajen ata o porto de Laredo et ende pousar ancla et estar tres dias hũu en pos de outro et enton devo eu, o dito mercador de dar devisa se iremos descargar aa vila de Vermeu ou aa vila de San Sabastian

1433, A. Rodríguez González & J. Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 32

I affreigt from you, Xoán de Baiona, sailor, citizen of the town of Pontevedra, here present, the ship called San Salvador, God bless her, whose master you are, for, if God pleases, loading aboard that ship three thousand bushels of millet, as measured by the right measure of the marketplace of the aforementioned town of Pontevedra, bound for the coast of Biscay; and the aforementioned ship must be loaded with the mentioned millet from today till fifteen next days, and then to depart with good winds during the first good weather God gives, and following her journey till the harbour of Laredo, and there to cast anchor and stay for three days in a row, and then I, the aforementioned merchant, should send a message of whether we should go unload at the town of Bermeo or at the town of San Sebastian.


barra

From Paleo-Hispanic, from Proto-Celtic *barros (“top, summit”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“point”). Cognate with Irish barr (“top, tip, summit”).

loft or platform, usually inside the house or the stables, used for storing items

1424, M. Mar Graña Cid (ed.), Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), separata de Estudios Mindonienses, page 292

half our winery with its house, its vine arbour, entries and exits

a mitade do noso lagar con sua casa et barra et entradas et seidas


barra

From Vulgar Latin barra, perhaps from Gaulish. Doublet of bar.


saudade

[s̺ɑwˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese soydade (13ᵗʰ century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sōlitātem (“solitude”). For the unexpected phonetic development, see Portuguese saudade.

Quando aquel Ihesus, meu señor, ya por la terras preegar, eu avia de moy grãde amor et soydade de veer a sua façe et quigi mãdar pintar a semelança do seu rrostro, que era a mays fremosa criatura do mũdo, en hũu pano por fillar cõ ela prazer et cõforto quando o vise; et querendoo fazer cõteyllo todo, et el pediome o pano et posoo ẽna sua cara et doumo encayado cõ tal figura cal era o seu santo rrostro;

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 47:

When that Jesus, my Lord, was going about the lands preaching, I had, because of how big was my love, longing for seeing His face; and I wanted to order a paint after His face, which was the most beautiful creation in the world, in a cloth, for having joy and confort whenever I saw it; and wanting to do it I told him, and He asked me for the cloth, put it on His face and gave it back to me stuck with a figure that was no other than His holy face;

wistfulness, melancholy, nostalgia, longing; the feeling of missing something or someone


eira

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese eira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ārea (“threshing floor, open space”). Cognate with Portuguese eira, Spanish and Catalan era, Occitan ièra, French aire, Italian aia and Romanian arie. Doublet of área, borrowed from the same Latin word.

inh

threshing floor (a yard, usually paved, used as a clean and even surface for threshing cereals)

Inda a nai non pon o pé
 por adentro do portelo
 xa chegan os seus miniños
 «a min, a min berberecho» ;
 cisca uns poucos pola eira
 os rapaces van collé-los
 de gatiñas uns con outros
 levantandose e caendo.
 Dimpois tódo-los da casa
 arredor do fol ou cesto
 non se afartan de gandire
 os birbirichiños frescos;

1853, Xoán Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, page 158:

Mother hasn't even
 put her foot ahead the gate
 when her children come asking
 «to me, to me, cockle»;
 she scatters a few by the yard
 the kids try to catch them
 squatting, ones and others
 standing and falling.
 Later, everyone at the house,
 around the bag or basket,
 they don't get tired of devouring
 the fresh little cockles;


gran

grans (plural)
gra (alternative)
grao (alternative)
gram (alternative)
grão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese grão, from Latin grānum. Cognate with Portuguese grão, Spanish grano, and Catalan gra.

E nos dedes del de cada anno em paz et em salvo en a ayra do dito casar quarta de todo pan e grao que Deus em el der

1396, M. Romaní Martínez, editor, La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira, Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, IV; page 449:

and you shall give us each year, pacifically and safely, in the threshing ground of that farm, a quarter of all the bread and the grain that God there gives

(uncountable) grain, the seed of grass food crops

(countable) grain, seed, kernel, bean, a single seed of certain crops

(countable) grain, a single similar particle of various substances

(historical, countable) grano, Spanish grain, a traditional unit of mass equivalent to about 50 mg

(countable) grain, any of various traditional units of mass notionally based on the weight of various grains

Tamen bay ese tabeque
meu velliño, pois fungàs
que cada grao de èl gorenta,
con eso as fremas sairàn.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Also there it goes this tobacco,
my little old man, since you snivel:
each grain of it is delectable,
with this phlegms will go out.

(figurative, countable) speck, ounce, any extremely small quantity or amount

(countable) pimple, blackhead, a blocked skin pore, especially with a painful and pus-filled inflamation

(uncountable) grain, the linear surface texture of various substances


penal

14th century. From pena (“stone”) + -al.

huna estrema de boa parede des lo canto mays de baixo do penal da dita casa […] asta huna crus (+) que asignalamos e fezemos por marqua e deuision enna parede da orta de vos o dito liçençiado e vosos yrmâôs

1429, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 307

[We shall build] a boundary, made of good wall, from the extreme of the lateral wall of that house […] till a cross (+) that we have signalled and done as mark and division in the wall of the garden that belongs to you, the aforementioned lawyer, and to your brothers

each one of the slabs which tops a wall to protect it from the rain


gonzo

From Old French gons, from Latin gomphus, from Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos), from Proto-Hellenic *gómpʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos. Doublet of golfón.


trauma

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

der

(medicine) trauma; serious physical injury


dogma

Learned borrowing from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”).


alta

(medicine) certificate of discharge (from a hospital)


bando

From Old Galician-Portuguese bando, from banda (“side; party”), probably from Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍅𐍉 (bandwō).

logo o dito arçediano diso que eso meesmo por sy e por todos los seus que asy outorgaua a dita tregua torrnadiça de noue dias ao dito Pero Dias e a seus escudeiros e omes de parte á parte e de vando á vando

1443, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 282:

then the aforementioned archdeacon said the same for him and his own, that he granted this mutual truce of nine days to the mentioned Pedro Díaz and his squires and men, side to side, party to party


bando

From Spanish bando, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“ban, curse, order, banishment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to speak, say”). More at English ban.


pita

From Spanish pita, from an American language.

Agave americana
Agave americana#Translingual

pita (fiber obtained from Agave americana)


barbo

Attested since circa 1590. From Latin barbus.

Pois non trato
 do peixe que foi barato:
 tanto barbo e lengoado
 e doutro peije preziado
 que sobraba o can y o gato

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

I wont speak
 of the fish which was cheap
 so much barbel and sole
 and of other prized fish,
 that dog and cat were more than enough


bordo

From Old Galician-Portuguese bordo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), perhaps from Old French bord or directly from a Germanic language, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burdą.

Conta a estoria que Pirio Neutóllamos, desque escapou da gram tormenta do mar et perdeu moytas das suas cõpañas, cõmo de suso oýstes, (et) fezo adubar suas naues en hũ lugar que chamã Amolese, que muyto lles era mester, ca nõ lles auía ficado naue sãa: as hũas auíã quebrantadas as áncoras, et as outras as uellas et os gouernallos, et as outras os rremos, et as outras os bordos en derredor

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 723:

The story tells that Pyrrhus Neoptolemus, because he has escaped the great storm of the sea and lost many of his troops, as you have already heard, ordered to repair his ships in a place called Amolese, because they really were in need of it, because they had not a single ship that were sound: ones had broken their anchors, others the sails and the helms, others the oars, and another ones the boards all around

hũu bispo viindo da casa santa de Iherusalem en hũa naue, seendo cabo do bordo leendo en hũu liuro, vẽo hũa moy grãde onda et lançoo ẽno mar cõ outros que y andauã

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 186:

a bishop that was coming home from the holy house of Jerusalem in a ship, being by the board as he was reading a book, a large wave came and threw him into the sea with others that were around


boto

Either onomatopoeic, or from the same Germanic origin as Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (bauþs). Compare Dutch bot (“blunt, dull”).

Grampus griseus
Grampus griseus#Translingual


botelo

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin botellus. Cognate with Portuguese butelo, Asturian botiellu and Spanish botillo.

(cooking) kind of cured sausage usually made or pork ribs, paprika, garlic, bay leaves and salt, stuffed inside a pork large bowel or stomach


sur

Borrowed from French sud, from Old English suþ, from Proto-Germanic *sunþrą.

(uncountable) south (cardinal direction)

(uncountable) the southern portion of a territory or region

(countable) a southern; a wind blowing from the south


bruto

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bruto, a learned borrowing from Latin brūtus.


costume

PIE word
 *ḱóm
 PIE word
 *swé
From Old Galician-Portuguese costume, custume (13th c., Cantigas de Santa Maria); inherited from Latin consuētūdinem.

custom; tradition (traditional practice or behavior)

mandamos que enna friigesía que ouuer XV friigeses ou mays poucos, se non tomaren lobo ou loba ou camada delles, ou non correren cada domaa con elles sen enganno segundo que e de custume des o primeyro sabado de quaresma ata dia de Sam Joham de Juyo, ou non fezeren o ffogio, que pagen X mrs.

1326, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 398:

We order that in the parish that has 15 parishioners or more, if they don't catch a wolf or litter of them, or if they don't raid them weekly without trickery, as it is used, since the first Saturday of Lent till Saint John's day in June, or if they don't build the pit, then they shall pay 10 mrs.

custom; habit (action done on a regular basis)

que ouuo senpre de custume de non meter vinno de fora parte en esta vila et saluo que os visinnos da villa ouueren de sua lauoria et sua marra

1389, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 206:

because it was the custom of this town not to introduce wine from the outside, except if the neighbours needed it and lacked it

(law) custom (long-established practice, considered as unwritten law)


bulbo

Learned borrowing from Latin bulbus (“bulb, onion”), from Ancient Greek βολβός (bolbós, “plant with round swelling on underground stem”).


cervo

From Old Galician-Portuguese cervo, from Latin cervus.


palla

From Old Galician-Portuguese palha (Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin palea. Cognate with Portuguese palha, Asturian paya and Spanish paja.

Jtem. deue o potro comer feo, palla, herua, orio, auea, espelqa, que quer dizer melga, et as qousas semellauelles a esto, que naturalmente som para seu comer.

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 61:

Item. The foal must eat hay, straw, grass, barley, oat, spelt —that is, melga— and things that are similar to these, which are naturally for them to eat

e da cárrega de palla, un diñeiro e do carro da casqa, duas brancas

1439, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 418:

for a load of hay, [they shall pay] a diñeiro, and by a cartload of bark, two brancas

et este pan deue a seer qual o Deus der no logar et seer linpo de palla et de poo, d'eruellada et de mosceyra, et deue a seer ben seco et ben linpo et bõõ pan

1276, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Dominguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 375:

and this grain must be that that God gives at that place, and it must be clean of chaff and dust, of vetch and fodder, and it must be well dry and well clean and good grain


forma

From Old Galician-Portuguese forma (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fōrma. Cognate with Portuguese forma and Spanish horma.


cisco

Unknown. According to Josep Coromines, unlikely from Latin cinisculum, which could not explain Spanish cisco, which was attested first; perhaps from Proto-Celtic *sexskā (“rushes, sedge”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).


hawaiano

gl-noun

hawaiano m (plural hawaianos, feminine hawaiana, feminine plural hawaianas)

hawaianos (plural)
hawaiana (feminine)
hawaianas (feminine plural)


paio

Perhaps from Old Galician-Portuguese Paio, a personal name, from Late Latin Pelagius. Cognate with Portuguese paio, palaio.


morte

From Old Galician-Portuguese morte, from Latin mortem, from Proto-Indo-European *mértis (“death”).


bozo

bozos (plural)
buzo (alternative)
buço (alternative)

From Late Latin *buccĕus (“relating or belonging to the mouth”). See bucca for more.


problema

Learned borrowing from Latin problēma, from Ancient Greek πρόβλημα (próblēma, “obstacle”).


edificio

edificios (plural)
edifício (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin aedificium.


mina

From Late Latin mina, from Gaulish *mēnā (“ore, mine”).


dito

From Old Galician-Portuguese dito, from Latin dictus, dictum.


buio

Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *bodyos (“yellow”), from Proto-Indo-European *badyo- (“yellow, brown”).

beeswax ball (formed after removing honey from comb)

bunch of grapes after being squeezed out in the winepress, pomace


zorro

Unknown. Attested since the 13th century. Cognate with Spanish zorro.


fume

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese fumo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fūmus, although the final vowel could imply an Old French borrowing. Cognate with Portuguese fumo and Spanish humo.

coyda que o bafo et fume daquel fogo que ensuzou et [empoçoou] as agoas et aterra daly

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 209:

he thinks that the fumes and the smoke of that fire defiled and poisoned the waters and the soil there

1348, J. Méndez Pérez & al. (eds.), El monasterio de San Salvador de Chantada, Santiago de Compostela: I. Padre Sarmiento, page 326

the life in this world is like the shadow, and when a man delight in it is like the smoke, which soon goes away

a vida deste mundo he asy como a sonbra, et quando ome se deleyta en ella he asy como o fumo que se vay logo


habitante

gl-noun

habitante m or f by sense (plural habitantes)


fondo

From Old Galician-Portuguese fondo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fundus (“deep”).


fonema

From Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).


caldo

From Old Galician-Portuguese caldo (13th c., Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cal(i)dus.

Et comiã os coiros das vacas et das bestas et beuiã o caldo delas

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: IEOPF, page 534:

And they ate the leathers of the cows and the animals and drank the broth of [boiling] them

e proueam á dita albergaría de leytos e de feltros et mantas e de cubertas e manteñan y hun ome e hua moller que aguarde a roupa e faça os leytos aos doentes e os caldos quando lles conpryr

1327, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 79:

and they should provide that hospital with beds and felts and blankets and covers, and they should keep there a man and a woman who should guard the clothes and make the beds of the sick and the broths whenever they would need it

Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.

The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the flax, for the year's cloth.

Dimpois de comer dúas cuncas de caldo, deitouse na cama, sacou da faltrica do chaleque dous cigarros e unha navalla e liando un pito, púxose a fumegar polas ventas das narices, o mesmo có tren.

1891, José Barral Campos, O amigo de S. Pedro:

After eating two bowls of broth he laid down on the bed; he took two cigars and a pocket knife from the vest's pocket and, rolling a cigarette, began to throw smoke by the nostrils, not unlike a train


cascabel

cascabeis (plural)
cascavel (alternative)

Attested since de 14th century. From Old Occitan cascavel, ultimately from Latin caccabus. Cognate with Portuguese cascavel and Spanish cascabel.

[kɑs̺.kɑˈβ̞ɛɫ]

Et andauã en el trezentos cascauees d'ouro, que desçendí[ã] ata os pees do caualo et ý[ã] fazendo grã rroýdo sobeiament.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 604:

And he [a horse] was wearing three hundred gold jingle bells, that fell till the feet of the horse and were making a large noise, haughtily


cascabel

Folk etymology from cascamelo, a diminutive of cálsamo.

[kɑs̺.kɑˈβ̞ɛɫ]

Senecio vulgaris
Senecio vulgaris#Translingual


pena

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

der

o bispo et esse Ferrand Bonome por si et por sa moller se obligaron su pena de mill mor. da boa moneda para gardaren a vnna parte aa outra todas estas cousas

1370, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 103:

the bishop and this Fernando Bonome, for him and for his wife, compromised themselves, under a penalty of a thousand coins, to respect this agreement

en guisa que a sua alma ouuese bẽeyçóm et nõ andase en pena

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 731:

so that his soul would be blessed and wouldn't wander in pain


pena

From Old Galician-Portuguese pena, from Latin pinna (“feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).

inh

Fala o corbo, escoyten todos:
Eu veño con asas negras
Cortando os ventos de longe
Para chegar à estas festas.
Oge Apolo me tornou
En brancas as negras penas,
Para cantar como o Cisne
As grandezas de Fonseca.

1697, Juan Antonio Torrado, Fala o corvo:

The raven speaks, listen everyone:
"I come with black wings
Cutting the winds from afar
To arrive to these feasts.
Today Apolo turned
White my black feathers
For singing, as the Swan,
The greatness of Fonseca."

coito todo ensenbra con pena de gallina

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 133:

all of that boiled together with a hen pelt


pena

From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), either from Latin pinna ("feather, wing"; then "merlon, fortress"; then, hypothetically, "rock"), or from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”). Compare Portuguese penha.

alý se leuãtara hũa pena, que era en çima moy chãa et moyto alta contra o çeo

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 688:

there a rock stood, which was very flat at the top and which rose very high

(archaic, place names) hill, hillock; mountain


haber

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aver, from Latin habēre (“to hold, have”). Compare Portuguese haver.

inh+

1324, A. García y García (DIR. ed.), Synodicon hispanum I. Galicia. Madrid: Editorial Católica, page 16

as they are injured and indebted and they lost the assets they used to have; for aiding them in this sorrows and troubles and giving them help and good and mercy

de commo son agravados et endevedados et perderon os averes que suyan aver; por lles acorrermos a estas coytas et tribulaçoes et les fazermos aiuda et ben et merçee


boga

From Late Latin bōca, from Ancient Greek βῶκα (bôka), accusative of βῶξ (bôx), a contracted form of βόαξ (bóax), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”).

A cabeça do budio, ante ti a põ, y a da boga, ante tua sogra

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes en Romance:

The head of the wrasse she places before you, and that of the bogue, before your mother-in-law

northern straight-mouth nase (Pseudochondrostoma duriense)


boga

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *baugaz (“ring”). Compare Asturian boga, Occitan bauc.


territorio

territorios (plural)
território (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin territōrium, from terra.


interlocutor

gl-noun

interlocutor m (plural interlocutores, feminine interlocutora, feminine plural interlocutoras)

interlocutores (plural)
interlocutora (feminine)
interlocutoras (feminine plural)

interlocutor (a person who takes part in dialogue or conversation)


maio

From Old Galician-Portuguese mayo, from Latin Maius.

Maio me molla, maio me enxuga, con raza de sol e raza de chuvia

May soaks me, May makes me dry, with rays of sun and gusts of rain

(in the plural) traditional celebration held the first day of May

vegetable construction made for this celebration

person that during the aforementioned feast covers his or her clothes with flowers and twigs

traditional song sing during the celebrations held the first day of May


setembro

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese setembro /setenbro, from Early Medieval Latin Septembrius, from Latin September.


outubro

From Old Galician-Portuguese outubro /oytubro, from Late Latin Octōbrius, from Latin Octōber.


novembro

[nɔˈβ̞ɛm.bɾʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese novembro /novenbro, from Late Latin Novembrius, from Latin November.


parafuso

From Old Galician-Portuguese perafuso (“spindle whorl?”) (13th century, Alfonso X the Wise). Uncertain. Perhaps from par (“pair”) + fuso (“spindle”) or from pedra (“stone”) + fuso (“spindle”).


inglés

gl-noun

inglés m (plural ingleses, feminine inglesa, feminine plural inglesas)

ingleses (plural)
inglesa (feminine)
inglesas (feminine plural)
engrés (alternative)
ingrés (alternative)
inglês (alternative)

Attested in local Latin documents as engles since c. 1150. From anglo + -és. Compare Medieval Latin anglensis.


inglés

engrés (alternative)
ingrés (alternative)
inglês (alternative)

Non quero decirche nada da nosa fachenda, è entusiasmo, è moito mais desde que ò Ingres nos dou armas è municions

1810, José Fernandez y Neira, Proezas de Galicia:

I don't even want to speak of our high spirit and enthusiasm, even more since the very moment the English gave us weapons and ammunitions


fada

From Vulgar Latin *Fāta (“goddess of fate”) (compare xa from Diana), from the plural of Latin fātum (“fate, destiny told by the gods”). Cognate with French fée, Italian fata, Portuguese and Occitan fada, Spanish hada.

der

Et o conde normando, quando a uio fremosa, que mays nõ poderia seer hũa dõzella, dissolle entõ en poridade que auia grã querela della, por que tijna que era dona sem ventura et de maa fada, mays que quantas auia en seu logar et en seu linagẽ, poys que os castelaaos auiã rrecebudo tã grã pesar por ella.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 130:

And the Norman count, when he saw that she was beauty, more than what any maiden could be, told her privately that he had a big trouble with here, because he considered that she was an unfortunate lady, and a jinx [lit. of bad fate], more than every woman in her place and her lineage, since the Castilian had received such large harm because of her

Por necesidá a guerra é pasadeira, e eso solo porque ten orixen na fada, con que nacemos de senreirar uns contra outros

1859, Manuel Fernández Magariños, Seor Pedro, section 7:

because of necessity war is passable, and that just because it originates in the fate, with which we are born, of being hostile against each other


oficina

Learned borrowing from Latin officīna (“workshop”).

lbor

office (a room used for non-manual work)


mea

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin media, from medius.

skein (a quantity of yarn, thread, or the like, put up together, after it is taken from the reel)


multa

fine (a fee levied as punishment for breaking the law)


buxo

buxos (plural)
boxe (alternative)
buxe (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin buxus.

Buxus sempervirens
Buxus sempervirens#Translingual

Médea dusia de colleres de buxo, que acharon en un correo pechado, et mays acharon eno dito correo noue mrs en rayás et triinta mrs en coroados vellos.

1455, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 315:

Half a dozen boxwood spoons, that they found inside a closed mail, and they also found inside said mail nine maravedis in royals and thirty maravedis in old crowns

1434, A. López Carreira (ed.), Libro de notas de Álvaro Afonso (1434), doc. 215

that I shall give you these mills ready and repaired of millstones and shafts and irons and chutes and waterwheels and of all the other necessary things

que vos día os ditos muynos apostados et reparados de moos e buxos e ferros e caanlles e rodiseos et de todaslas outras outras cousas que feseren mester

shaft of a watermill, which transmits the movement from the wheel to the running millstone


walkie-talkie

Unadapted borrowing from English walkie-talkie.


solteiro

gl-noun

solteiro m (plural solteiros, feminine solteira, feminine plural solteiras)

solteiros (plural)
solteira (feminine)
solteiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese solteiro, solteyro, from Latin sōlitārius (“lonely”).


cerebro

[θeˈɾɛ.β̞ɾʊ]

[θeˈɾɛ.β̞ɾʊ]

[seˈɾɛ.β̞ɾʊ]


minuto

(geometry) minute of arc (angle measure)


dono

dono m (plural donos, feminine dona, feminine plural donas)

donos (plural)
dona (feminine)
donas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese dono, from Late Latin domnus, from Latin dominus (“lord”). Cognates include Portuguese dono, Spanish dueño, and Italian donno.


europeo

gl-noun

europeo m (plural europeos, feminine europea, feminine plural europeas)

europeos (plural)
europea (feminine)
europeas (feminine plural)
europeu (alternative)


sé

From Old Galician-Portuguese see, from Latin sēdēs (“seat”), from sedeō (“I sit”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Doublet of sede.


neta

From Old Galician-Portuguese neta, from Late Latin nepta, from Latin neptis (“granddaughter”).


sola

Attested since the 15th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea. Compare Portuguese sola, Spanish suela, Italian suola. Doublet of solla.

o par de çapatos de vaca nobos et sobre solados et tacoados e ben coseytos e de boas solas e peças e boa liña e boo coiro

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 126:

the pair of new cow shoes, lined and tacked and well sewn, with good soles and pieces and good thread and good leather


tremor

From Old Galician-Portuguese tremor (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin tremor.


inimigo

inimigo m (plural inimigos, feminine inimiga, feminine plural inimigas)

inimigos (plural)
inimiga (feminine)
inimigas (feminine plural)
nemigo (alternative)

From a semi-learned modification of Old Galician-Portuguese ẽemigo, based on its etymology, Latin inimicus.

nos, o Conçello, juis, alcaldes, jurados, legidores e procuradores da vila de Pontevedra, por quanto segund dereito e ley de natura cada home he obligado de punar e traballar por sua vida, honrra, proveyto e estado de sua persona e de seus bẽes e familiares e fasenda e se defender de seus inimigos e ynpililos quanto poder e, e faser moyto por aver vitoria deles

1444, Á. Rodríguez González, editor, Livro do Concello de Pontevedra., Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 181:

we, the Council, judge, mayors, aldermen, councillors and agents of the town of Pontevedra: because by natural law and right each man is obliged to fight and work for life, honour, profit and state of his own and of his belongings and family and interests and to fend off his enemies and to impel them as much as one can and to do much to have victory over them


ovo

From Old Galician-Portuguese ovo, from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum.

A galiña pón o ovo para proveito da muller.

The hen lays the egg for the benefit of the woman.

spherical stone used as the lower pivot of the hinge of a traditional gate


vaso

From Old Galician-Portuguese vaso, from Latin vāsum.

Et mando y conmigo a esse moesteyro a minna cama que eu ouver a ora da minna morte e huun vaso de prata de huun marco ou huna taça

1325, E. Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV. Una sociedad en expansión y en la crisis, Santiago: El Eco Franciscano, page 396:

And I bequeath to this monastery my bed, the one I happen to have at the time of my death, and a silver goblet, weighting a mark, and a cup


mofo

Unknown. Perhaps onomatopoeic or either of Germanic origin: compare Portuguese mofo, Spanish moho, Italian muffa (“mould”), German Muff (“mouldy smell”), Dutch muf (“musty”).


poste

que ontrechantedes de bõõ poste a vina dos Tíígas et a vina de Casar de mato

1420, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 621:

that you put good props in the vineyard of Tigas and the vineyard of Casar de Mato


marea

Tivemos unha boa marea e collimos moito peixe.

We had a good campaign and captured a lot of fish.

a fishing campaign and the amount of fish captured during it


papo

Back-formation from papar (“to eat”), from Latin pappāre.

crop (pouch-like part of the alimentary tract of some animals)


universidade

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese universidade, possibly borrowed from Old Spanish universidat, borrowed from Medieval Latin ūniversitās, from Latin ūniversus + -tas.


anca

Attested from the 13th century. Either from Vulgar Latin *hanca or from Old French hanche, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hankō (related to *ankijǭ (“joint, limb”)). Compare English haunch.

das doores que se fazen nas espadooas ou na anca do Cauallo

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 125:

On the pains that are produced in the shoulder or in the hip of the horse


verde

From Old Galician-Portuguese verde, from Vulgar Latin virdis, syncopated from Latin viridis. Cognate with English verdure and vert, as well as various Romance homonyms.


francés

gl-noun

francés m (plural franceses, feminine francesa, feminine plural francesas)

franceses (plural)
francesa (feminine)
francesas (feminine plural)
francês (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese frances (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); synchronically: Francia (“France”) + -és.

inh+

(historically) a person from northern France


francés

franceses (plural)
francês (alternative)


cuarto de baño

gl-noun

cuarto de baño m (plural cuartos de baño)


dormitorio

Learned borrowing from Latin dormītōrium.

lbor

bedroom (a room in a house, apartment, hotel, or other dwelling where a bed is kept for sleeping)


vista

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese vista, from Vulgar Latin *visita, from Latin visa, feminine past participle of videō.


lodo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lodo, from Latin lutum.


curvo

Attested since the 13th century. From Latin curvus (“bent”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn; to bend”).

der

Mugil cephalus
Mugil cephalus#Translingual


curva

Feminine of curvo (“curved”), from Latin curvus (“bent”).


pecado

From Old Galician-Portuguese pecado (“sin”), from Latin peccātum.


campo

From Old Galician-Portuguese campo, from Latin campus. Compare Portuguese and Spanish campo.

1343, Cal Pardo, Enrique (ed.), Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 143

the cemetery field of the church of this town of Ribadeo

o canpo do çimiterio da iglesia da dita villa de Ribadeu

Fernan Eanes, yrmao do mayordomo, veo a os canpos de Carraszedo et thomoulle LII ovellas et adussellas per Cedeyra

1280, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). 3 vols. Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 1090

Fernán Eanes, the butler's brother, came to the pastures of Carracedo and took 52 sheep from him and took them to Cedeira

en meogo do escudo, en que tragía hũa agia d'ouro et o canpo uerde

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 613:

in the middle of the shield, where it had a golden eagle on green field

(physics) field (region affected by a force)

Pois que el rrey Menõ fuj morto, os troiãos leixarõ o canpo

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 565:

after king Menon was dead the Trojans left the battleground


zafiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese çafil, from Old French saphir, from Latin sapphir, sapphīrus, from Ancient Greek σάπφειρος (sáppheiros, “precious stone, gem”),


zambiano

gl-noun

zambiano m (plural zambianos, feminine zambiana, feminine plural zambianas)

zambianos (plural)
zambiana (feminine)
zambianas (feminine plural)


raza

Attested since the late 15th century. Probably from Old Spanish raça, whose etymology is obscure.

unk

obscure


raza

From Latin radius. Doublet of raio and raxo.

crack, fissure in the nails or hoofs of cows, horses or pigs


brazo

From Old Galician-Portuguese braço, from Latin brachium, bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn).

(anatomy) the upper arm, from shoulder to elbow


puño

From Old Galician-Portuguese punno, puno, from Latin pugnus.


zapato

zapatos (plural)
çapato (alternative)
sapato (alternative)

Unknown. From Old Galician-Portuguese çapato; cognate with Portuguese sapato and Spanish zapato.


zoólogo

gl-noun

zoólogo m (plural zoólogos, feminine zoóloga, feminine plural zoólogas)

zoólogos (plural)
zoóloga (feminine)
zoólogas (feminine plural)


rancho

mess (food set for a group of people); especially in jail, military


oso

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *orssos
Latin ursus
Old Galician-Portuguese usso
Galician oso
From Old Galician-Portuguese usso, from Vulgar Latin *ussus, from Latin ursus.


mentira

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mentira, probably from mentir (“to lie”), from Latin mentiri, denominal verb from mēns, mentis (“mind”) in which the meaning "to lie" stems from a semantic shift "to be inventive, have second thoughts" > "to lie, conjure up", from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”), from *men- (“to think”) + *-tis.


baile

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese baile, from Old French bailif (“bailiff”).


utilización

utilizacións (plural)
utilizaçom (alternative)
utilização (alternative)


usurpación

ursupacións (plural)
usurpaçom (alternative)
usurpação (alternative)


usurpador

gl-noun

usurpador m (plural usurpadores, feminine usurpadora, feminine plural usurpadoras)

usurpadores (plural)
usurpadora (feminine)
usurpadoras (feminine plural)


usuario

usuario m (plural usuarios, feminine usuaria, feminine plural usuarias)

usuarios (plural)
usuaria (feminine)
usuarias (feminine plural)


uso

From Old Galician-Portuguese uso, from Latin ūsus.

En cada terra seu uso coma en cada roca seu fuso

In each country its custom, with each distaff its spindle


uña

uñas (plural)
unha (alternative)
unlla (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese unlla, unna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *ungla, from Latin ungula. Cognate with Portuguese unha and Spanish uña.


urbanización

urbanizacións (plural)
urbanizaçom (alternative)
urbanização (alternative)


urraca

urracas (plural)
pera orraca (alternative)
pera urraca (alternative)

Attested since circa 1750. From the older peras de Dona Urraca, "Lady Urraca's pears", from the feminine personal name Urraca.

a local and very appreciated variety of bittersweet pear


ubre

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin ūberem, accusative of ūber, from Proto-Italic *ouðer, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥ (“udder”).


ugandés

ugandés m (plural ugandeses, feminine ugandesa, feminine plural ugandesas)

ugandeses (plural)
ugandesa (feminine)
ugandesas (feminine plural)


universitario

universitario m (plural universitarios, feminine universitaria, feminine plural universitarias)

universitarios (plural)
universitaria (feminine)
universitarias (feminine plural)


cuarto

From Old Galician-Portuguese quarto, from Latin quartus. Doublet of carto.


cuarto

fourth; quarter (one of four equal parts of a whole)

fourth (person or thing in the fourth position)


sexto

sextos (plural)
6º (alternative abbreviation)
6ª (alternative abbreviation)


noveno

novenos (plural)
9º (alternative abbreviation)
9ª (alternative abbreviation)


ábaco

From Latin abacus, from Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax, “a calculation board covered with sand”).

der

(architecture) abacus (uppermost member or division of the capital of a column)


abadesa

abadesas (plural)
abadessa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese abadessa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbātissā (“abbess”), from Latin abbātem (“abbot”) + -issa (“-ess”).

abbess (female superior of a nunnery or convent)


abadía

From Old Galician-Portuguese abadia (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbātia.

et en com̃o fez moytas abbadias et moytas igleias por lo mũdo; et en com̃o as enrrequentou et en com̃o tirou moytos corpos de santos que jaziã soterrados en terra et os meteu en moymẽtos d'ouro et de prata

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:

and how he made many abbeys and many churches all over the world; and how he enriched them and how he took the bodies of many saints that lay buried in the ground and put them inside gold and silver monuments


primo

gl-noun

primo m (plural primos, feminine prima, feminine plural primas)

primos (plural)
prima (feminine)
primas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese primo, from Latin (cōnsobrīnus) prīmus.


carbono

Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem.


fósforo

From Latin phōsphorus, from Ancient Greek φωσφόρος (phōsphóros, “torchbearer, light bearer”), from φῶς (phôs, “light”) + φέρω (phérō, “I carry, bear, bring”).


cobre

Attested since the 13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin cuprum (“copper”), from Latin (aes) Cyprium (“Cypriot copper” because Cyprus was its chief source), from Ancient Greek Κύπρος (Kúpros), from κυπάρισσος (kupárissos, “cypress”), probably from an unknown Mediterranean Pre-Greek language; compare Hebrew גפר (gopher), the name of the tree whose wood was used to make the ark (Genesis, 6:14).

Dou a mia arameña τ o morteyro de cobre a Santa Maria de Monte de Ramo para a capella.

1281, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 133

I bequeath my bowl and the copper mortar to St. Mary of Montederramo, for the chapel


indio

gl-noun

indio m (plural indios, feminine india, feminine plural indias)

indios (plural)
india (feminine)
indias (feminine plural)


estaño

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin stannum, stagnum, of Celtic origin, probably from Proto-Celtic *stagnos.

estano (alternative)
estanho (alternative)

Iten, ordenaron que qual quer persona de fora parte ou da çibdade que trouxer estaño ou chonbo ou peltre ou cobre ou latón labrado ou por labrar [...] que page do que vender de cada XV mrs, duas brancas.

1439, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 421:

Item, they ordered that any person, either from outside or from the city, who would bring tin or lead or pewter or cooper or brass, wrought or unwrought … shall pay for each 15 morabedis they sold, two brancas.


odio

Learned borrowing from Latin odium (“hate”).


parte

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese parte, from Latin pars, partem.


gusto

liking, preference, aesthetic preference


soldo

From Old Galician-Portuguese soldo, from Late Latin soldus, from Latin solidus (“gold coin”).


banco

bancos (plural)
branco (alternative archaic)

12th century in local Latin texts. With the meaning of bank, from Italian; with the meaning of bench and workbench probably from Old French; ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench, counter”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to turn, curve, bend, bow”).

der

saluo duas meſas grandes et dous vancos que ſon do biſpo

1414, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia, editor, História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI, Coimbra: INIC, page 105:

with the exception of two large tables and two benchs, that belong to the bishop


bastardo

From Old Galician-Portuguese bastardo (13th century), from Old French bastard, of unknown origin, perhaps from Frankish, from Proto-Germanic *banstiz, "barn, storehouse", meaning still partially preserved in Galician.


centro

[ˈθen̪.t̪ɾʊ]

[ˈθen̪.t̪ɾʊ]

Learned borrowing from Latin centrum, from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron, “sharp point”).


cerco

From Old Galician-Portuguese cerco (“circle”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin circus. Cognate with Portuguese cerco and Spanish cerco.

inh

1345, J. Méndez Pérez & al. (eds.), El monasterio de San Salvador de Chantada, Santiago de Compostela: I. Padre Sarmiento, page 261

in which lead seal, in one side, there was the coat of arms of our lord the king, that is, in the upper part first a castle and a lion, and in the bottom a lion and a castle, and around these there were two circles and in between both circles there was a caption

en qual seelo de plomo da huna parte avia sinal d´armas do dito sennor el rey; conven a saber, en a parte de çima primeiro hun castello et huun leon et en fondo huun leon et huun castello et enderredor estavan dous çercos et entre anbos çercos estava huun letreiro

1460, J. A. Souto Cabo (ed.), Crónica de Santa María de Íria. Santiago: Seminario de Estudos Galegos/Ediciós do Castro, page 102

This siege lasted till January; it lasted five months till there were a concord in between the knights and the city of Santiago with the archbishop

Durou este çerco fasta Janeyro; durou çinquo meses fasta que ouverõ sua concordia os caballeyros et cõ a çidade de Santiago, cõ o arçobispo.


falso

From Old Galician-Portuguese falso, from Latin falsus (“deceived”).


inundación

inundacións (plural)
inundaçom (alternative)
inundação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin inundātiōnem.


forno

From Old Galician-Portuguese forno, from Latin furnus.

eu, Marinna Johanis, de Lamas, vendo a uoſ, Elvira Pelaez, d'Anſemar va leyra dardade que jaz ao forno do cal alende o rio

1283, “Documentos antiguos de Galicia”, in Margot Sponer, editor, Anuari de l'Oficina Románica de Lingüística i Literatura, Barcelona, 7, p. 25:

I, Mariña Oanes, from Lama, sell to you, Elvira Pelaez, from Ansemar, a field that lies by the lime kiln, beyond the river


brado

From Old Galician-Portuguese braado (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), back-formation from bradar.

Et começou o torneo a creçer tãto, et a seer o acapelamento tã grande, et a uolta et os braados et os alaridos et os sõos dos cornos et das tronpas tã grandes et tã esquiuos que ome nõ se podía oýr

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 561:

And the tournament began to grow so much, and the carnage was so large, and the din and the roars and the yells and the sounds of the horns and of the trumpets so big and harsh that a man couldn't heard himself


corre

From Proto-Celtic *kom-rigā (“binding, bond”). Akin to Old Irish cuimrech (“binding”) and Breton kevre.

der

esbardallaronse, como un feixe apertado a quen lle tallan a corre

1895, Antonio López Ferreiro, O castelo de Pambre, Santiago: Imprenta de Alende, page 36:

they fell apart, as a tight faggot to which the binding is cut

twisted twig (usually wicker or other flexible wood) used for binding of for making baskets


machismo

male chauvinism, machismo, misogyny, sexism


fortuna

Learned borrowing from Latin fortūna, from fors (“chance, luck”).


forza

From Old Galician-Portuguese força (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin fortia, a noun derived from the neuter plural of Latin fortis (“strong”).


ama

From Old Galician-Portuguese ama (“mistress”), from Hispanic Late Latin amma, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *amma- (“mother”).

inh

Iten, Johán Cortido, vesiño da çidade d'Ourense, et sua ama diseron, por lo dito juramento que feito avyan, que omes de Aluaro de Taboa[da] que lle lleuaron e tomaron do seu lugar de Casa Noua sete mantas e hun alfamare e tres sabaas de cama et hun pano de cabeça et quatro toucas et hun sodario et viinte e duas maranas de fiado delgado et seys bincos de prata et huas doas de viinte pares de doas et hun leitón, por que lle dauan dosentos mrs, et seys sacos et dous coitellos de mesa et çen mrs vellos en diñeiros, et tres capilejos et dous vntos, et dous legóos nouos et hun espeto et hua fouçe et hun caldeiro de cobre et hun manto vermello et hua sabaa, e que todo lle tomaran e que a apancaran e que a encheran de couçes

1448, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 295:

Item, Xoán Cortido, citizen of the city of Ourense, and his housekeeper, told, under the oath they'd done, that men of Álvaro de Taboada took from them and took in their place of Casa Nova: seven blankets, a quilt, three bedsheets, a cloth for the head, and four shawls and a shroud and twenty two skeins of thin yarn and six silver earrings and twenty pairs of beads and a sucking piglet, for which they would give two hundred maravedis, and six bags and two table knives and a hundred old maravedis in coins, and three coifs and two lards, and two new hoes and a roasting skewer and a sickle and a copper cauldron and a red robe and a sheet, and that all this they took and that they beat her up and filled her with kicks


presente

From Old Galician-Portuguese presente, from Latin praesens, praesentis.


mata

From a substrate language. Compare mato.


manteiga

12th century. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese manteiga, already attested with this spelling in a Galician Latin document from 1118; from Paleo-Hispanic, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European (cf. Bulgarian, Russian and Ukrainian сметана (smetana), Polish śmietana, Slovak smotana and Slovene smetana). Cognate with Portuguese manteiga, Asturian mantega, Spanish manteca and Catalan mantega.

inh+

1286, Miguel Romaní (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). 3 vols. Santiago: Tórculo Edicións (1989, 1989, 1993), page 1131


vaca

From Old Galician-Portuguese vaca, from Latin vacca.


becerro

gl-noun

becerro m (plural becerros, feminine becerra, feminine plural becerras)

becerros (plural)
becerra (feminine)
becerras (feminine plural)
bezerro (alternative)

Debated. From Old Galician-Portuguese bezerro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Medieval Latin becerrus, ultimately perhaps from a substrate language and related to, or from, Latin ibex. Cognate with Portuguese bezerro and Spanish becerro.

unk

Debated


sable

13th century. From older savel, from *sabŏlos, from Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”). Cognate with Portuguese sável and Spanish sábalo.

Outroſi nos dardes cadá ãno por kalendas mayaſ una duzea de bonoſ [s]auééſ τ outra duzea de lanpreas

1274, “Documentos antiguos de Galicia”, in M. Sponer, editor, Anuari de l'Oficina Románica de Lingüística i Literatura, Barcelona, 7, page 76:

Also, you shall give to us yearly, by the calends of May, a dozen good shads and another dozen lampreys

vos que ayades esa renda da dizima dos savees e do pescado que y sayr en vossa vida e despos vosa morte que fique a nos o dito arynno

1319, Ermelindo Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV. Una sociedad en expansión y en la crisis, Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 393:

you should have this rent of a tenth of the shads and of the fish that is captured there, in your life, and after your death this sand island should return to us


guante

From Old Occitan guant, from Frankish *want, from Proto-Germanic *wantuz.


andas

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese amedes (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin amites. Cognate with Portuguese and Spanish andas.

Et por esta razõ sempre andou en andas et en colo dos omes ata que morreu.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 690:

And for this reason he always went in litters and in the arms of men until he died

(religion) litter used for carrying an image during a procession


alfa

From Ancient Greek ἄλφα (álpha), of Semitic origin.


alfa

Unknown origin. Possibly related to Latin ārefacere through
Galician alfar. Or Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós.


civilización

civilizacións (plural)
civilizaçom (alternative)
civilização (alternative)


zorra

wagon (four-wheeled cart for hauling loads)


número

número de teléfono


lagosta

lagostas (plural)
lagostra (alternative)
langosta (alternative)
langostra (alternative)

[lɑˈɣ̞os̺.t̪ɐ]

[lɑˈɣ̞os̺.t̪ɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin lacusta, from Latin locusta, of uncertain origin.

que lle tomara e roubara ena Portella d'Azebedo, hun capuço nouo de morilla et hua capa trabera de mescra branca et hua çinta e hun esqeiro et çen pares de brancas et hun frolín en ouro et seys congros frescos et quatro lagostas

1448, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 296:

that they took and robbed from him, in the pass of Acevedo, a new hood of dark cloth and a cloak of white mixed clothe and a ribbon and a tindebox and a hundred pairs of brancas and a florin of gold and six fresh congers and four lobsters

Palinurus elephas
Wikispecies:Palinurus elephas

lobster, especially the rock lobster (Palinurus elephas)


monopolio

From Latin monopolĭum, equivalent of mono- + -polio.


sorriso

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin subrīsus.


fábrica

Learned borrowing from Latin fabrica (“workshop”), from faber (“forger, smith”).


papel

From Old Galician-Portuguese papel, from Old Catalan paper.


sabio

gl-noun

sabio m (plural sabios, feminine sabia, feminine plural sabias)

sabios (plural)
sabia (feminine)
sabias (feminine plural)
sábio (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese sabio (“wise”), from Latin sapĭdus (“wise”), from sapiō (“to be wise”, literally “to taste of”), from Proto-Indo-European *sap- (“to try, to research”).


jordano

jordanos (plural)
jordana (feminine)
jordanas (feminine plural)


cas

From Old Galician-Portuguese cas (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), proclitic form of casa (“house”) in some adverbial phrases.

19th century, folk-song

There's no clean wheat; if you want some rye, go fetch it chez my father

Trigo limpo non o hai; se queres algún centeo, vai por el a cas meu pai

Na cas do ferreiro, coitelo de pau


tol

From Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Compare Spanish tollo (“hole”), Welsh twll, Breton toull, Irish toll.


quedo

From Old Galician-Portuguese quedo (13th c., Cantigas de Santa Maria), inherited from Latin qu(i)ētus. Doublet of quieto, which was borrowed.


vida

From Old Galician-Portuguese vida, from Latin vīta.


vida

From Old Galician-Portuguese vĩida (“arrival, return”), from vĩir (“to come”) (Modern Galician vir).

inh

Unha viaxe de ida e vida


norte

nortes (plural)
N (alternative)
norde (alternative)

Attested since the 14th century. Borrowed from Middle French nord, from Old English norþ, from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą.

(uncountable) north (cardinal direction)

(uncountable) the northern portion of a territory or region

(countable) a northern; a wind blowing from the north


oeste

oestes (plural)
ueste (alternative)
O (alternative)
W (alternative)

Borrowed from French ouest, from Old English west.

(uncountable) the western portion of a territory or region

(countable) a western; a wind blowing from the west


década

[ˈd̪ɛ.kɑ.ð̞ɐ]


esposa

gl-noun

esposa f (plural esposas, masculine esposo, masculine plural esposos)

esposas (plural)
esposo (masculine)
esposos (masculine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese esposa, from Latin spōnsa.

Torre de Rriãjo. O que rreçebeu Gonçaluo Mariño de Fernando de Catoyra cõ a casa e fortalesa de Rriãjo. Primeyramẽte: Húa cadea de ferro cõ seu cãdado e çinco farroupeas e dúas esposas. Hũas coyraças. Tres huchas. Tres ballestas: J de aseyro, IJ de pao. Quatro baçinetes. Hũu trono cõ seu serujdor e hũu fole de póluora. Dos carcaixes de biratõos. Hũu torno de armar ballesta.

1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 171:

Tower of Rianxo. What Gonçalvo Mariño received from Fernando of Catoira, together with the tower-house and fortress at Rianxo. First: an iron chain with its padlock and five fetters and two handcuffs. Some cuirasses. Three chests. Three crossbows: one of steel, two of wood. Four bascinets. A bombard with its server and a skin of powder. Two quivers of bolts. A winch for charging crossbows.


esposo

From Old Galician-Portuguese esposo, from Latin spōnsus.


querubín

querubíns (plural)
querubim (alternative)


quilate

From Arabic قِيرَاط (qīrāṭ), from Ancient Greek κεράτιον (kerátion).

der

Arabic قِيرَاط (qīrāṭ)

carat (unit of weight for precious stones and pearls, equivalent to 200 milligrams)


quilla

From Middle French quille, probably from Old Norse.


química

From Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ), from Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā), or from Latin chimicus, alternative form of chēmicus (“chemical”), from chēmia (“chemistry”), Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā, “art of alloying metals”), from χύμα (khúma, “fluid”).

اَلْكِيمِيَاء

Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ)


química

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


químico

gl-noun

químico m (plural químicos, feminine química, feminine plural químicas)

químicos (plural)
química (feminine)
químicas (feminine plural)

From Latin chimicus, alternative form of chēmicus (“chemical”), from chēmia (“chemistry”), Ancient Greek χυμεία (khumeía, “art of alloying metals”), from χύμα (khúma, “fluid”).


quimono

Borrowed from Japanese 着物 (kimono, “clothing”), which is from 着 (“wearing”) + 物 (mono, “thing”).


coxa

coxas (plural)
conxa (alternative)
cuxa (alternative)

From an older coyxa (14th century), from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin coxa (“thigh”), from Latin coxa (“hip”).

se vsaren cauallgar en el por toios ou por llugares asperos a esto semellauijs, ven o Cauallo vsado a saltar et andar porllos llugares sobreditos, alçara as coixas et os pees mais apostamente pollos outros llugares

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 67:

if they happen to ride in [the horse] through gorses or through rough places similar to that, and the horse is used to jump and walk by the aforementioned places, then he will raise the thighs and the feet more handsomely when in other places