xadrez

First attested in the 13th century (assederez, açedrẽche, xedrez). From Andalusian Arabic الشَطْرَنْج (aš-šaṭranj), from Arabic شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj, “chess”), from Persian شترنگ (šatrang), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭠𐭲𐭫𐭠𐭭𐭢 (ctlng /čatrang/, “chess”), from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (cátur-aṅga, “four parts" of an army: king, elephants, horses, foot soldiers”). Cognate with Portuguese xadrez and Spanish ajedrez.

der

Et Achiles preçaua todo muy pouco quanto lle eles dizíã, et nõ paraua por eles mentes, nẽ lles rrespondía a cousa que lle disesem, ante sij́a jogando o xedrez cõ hũ seu caualeyro

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 515:

And Achiles didn't care about what they said nor did he mind them, nor did he answered anything they said, but rather he was just playing chess with one of his knights


explicación

Learned borrowing from Latin explicatio, explicationem.


solución

solucións (plural)
soluçom (alternative)
solução (alternative)

From Latin solutionem, accusative singular of solutio, from the verb solvō.


perna

From Old Galician-Portuguese perna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin perna. Cognate with Portuguese perna and Spanish pierna.

1435, A. López Carreira, Fragmentos de notarios, doc. E2-8

... they approached said Goterre Afonso and that the mentioned Fernando de Mourelos extracted the sword from its scabbard against said Goterre Afonso, for killing him; and his companions, as they saw this, helped him against said Goterre Afonso, and consequently he gave him a large wound in the left leg, in which he injured him from under the knee till the heel

... que aderençaran ao dito Goterre Afonso et que o dito Fernando de Mourelos que sacara a espada da beyna contra o dito Goterre Afonso por lo matar, et seus conpaneiros como lo viran sacar que o ajudaran contra o dito Goterre Afonso, do qual lle logo deran huna grande ferida en huna perna esqerda, en que o feriran debayxo do gionllo ata o qualquanar

(anatomy) shin, the region between the knee and ankle


aspiración

aspiracións (plural)
aspiraçom (alternative)
aspiração (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin aspiratio, aspirationem.


candidato

gl-noun

candidato m (plural candidatos, feminine candidata, feminine plural candidatas)

candidatos (plural)
candidata (feminine)
candidatas (feminine plural)


voto

From Old Galician-Portuguese voto, partly borrowed from Latin vōtum (“vow”), itself from voveō (“I vow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wegʷʰ-.


transmisión

transmisións (plural)
transmissom (alternative)
transmissão (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin transmissio, transmissionem.

lbor

transmission (mechanical assembly of gears)


función

Learned borrowing from Latin fūnctiōnem.


acento

accent (variety of speech connected to a certain geographical region)


acentuación

acentuacións (plural)
acentuaçom (alternative)
acentuação (alternative)


bóveda

From Old Galician-Portuguese boveda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Attested during the High Middle Ages as bovata. From Germanic, probably from a Gothic *buwitha, from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *būaną (“to dwell reside, build”). Cognate with Portuguese abóbada and Spanish bóveda.

der

Et as rruas erã moy grãdes, de hũa parte et da outra, et erã feytas per grande engeño, et erã de suso cubertas de bóueda, et juso erã estradas per poyaes de boa pedra laurada

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 231:

And the streets were wide, in one side and the other, and were made with great ingenuity, and they were vaulted [lit. they were covered by vault] in the ceiling, and down they were paved with large squared stones


sacrificio

sacrificios (plural)
sacrifício (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin sacrificium.


traidor

gl-noun

traidor m (plural traidores, feminine traidora, feminine plural traidoras)

traidores (plural)
traidora (feminine)
traidoras (feminine plural)
treidor (alternative)

[t̪ɾa̠jˈð̞oɾ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese traedor, from Latin trāditor, trāditorem (“traitor”).


grillo

Probably from Spanish grillo (“cricket”).


comandante

comandante m or f by sense (plural comandantes)


socialista

socialista m or f by sense (plural socialistas)


batalla

Attested since the 12th century as a byname. From Old Galician-Portuguese batalla (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin battālia, variant of battuālia (“fighting and fencing exercises”), from Latin battuō (“to strike, beat”).

os quales diñeiros gastei en desenbargar os bees e terras que meu señor padre enpeñou a payo gomez de soutomayor vasallo do Rey e señor que foi da casa forte de lantaño para a costa que tebo ennas sahidas que fiso con os demais fidalgos da terra en compañia do señor arçobispo e perlado de santiago don lope de mendoza tio de dona maior de mendoza moller que foi do dito payo gomez contra os mouros da andaluçia fasta que se ganou a cibdad de antequeira ao Rey mouro de granada de chamamento do señor infante don fernando, e tamen enna sahida que eu fise de chamamento de seu sobriño noso señor el Rey don joan e de mandado de meu señor padre en lugar del cando se ganou dos mouros a grande batalla da figeira en donde tamen perdin e me mataron o cabalo e eu sahin ben librado enpero ben ferido de hua saetada enno braço dereito que non a vin curada fasta pasados ben tres meses

1473, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:

said money I spent in redeeming the assets and lands that my father pawned to Paio Gómez de Soutomaior, vassal of the King and late lord of the stronghold of Lataño, for the expenses he had in the expeditions that he did together with the other noblemen of the country, in the company of the lord archbishop and prelate of Santiago Don Lope de Mendoza, uncle of lady Maior de Mendoza, late wife of said Paio Gómez, against the Moors of Andalusia until the city of Antequera was won from the Moor king of Granada, thanks to the call of lord Prince Don Fernando; and also in the expeditions I did at the call of his nephew our king Don Xoán, at the orders of my father and instead of him, when the great Battle of the Figtree was won to the Moors, where I lost and they killed my horse and I got out safe but badly injured of an arrow shot in the right arm, wound that I saw not cured until more than three moths later


golpe

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese colbe, from Late Latin *cŏlŏpus, from Latin colaphus (“blow; cuff”), from Ancient Greek κόλαφος (kólaphos, “blow; slap”), or alternatively from a related Galician-Portuguese verb. Compare Portuguese golpe, Spanish golpe.

der

chamándolle vilaao, fodidincul, curnudo, priuado, perro treedor, dizéndolle outros deostos et injurias atroçes et queréndoo matar dentro en sua casa do dito Johán Ferrandes, deytándolles golpes primeiramente con hua espada nua et cortándolle a roupa que tiña vestida

1423, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 120:

calling him villain, fucked-in-the-ass, horned, protected, traitor dog, and other abuses and terrible insults, and wanting to kill Xoan Fernández inside his house, hitting him first with an unsheathed sword, and cutting the clothes he was wearing


golpe

From Latin vulpēs, vulpem. Compare Portuguese golpelha, French goupil, Romansch golp.


símbolo

From Latin symbolum, from Ancient Greek σύμβολον (súmbolon).


mudanza

Attested since circa 1300 (mudança). From mudar + -anza.


atracción

atraccións (plural)
atraçom (alternative)
atração (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin attractiōnem.


visitante

gl-noun

visitante m or f by sense (plural visitantes)

visitor (someone who visits someone or somewhere)


reino

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese reino, from Latin rēgnum. Compare Portuguese reino.

inh+

el rrey don Fernãdo, coydãdo fazer prol dos rreynos et de seus fillos, partio os rreynos en esta guisa: deu a dõ Sancho, que era o mayor, Castela et Nauarra ata o Ebro, quanto tijna cona Estremadura; et deu a dom Afonso, o meyão, Leõ et Asturas cõ hũa peça de Cãpos; et deu a dom Garçia, que era o meor, o rreyno de Galiza, cõ todo o que elle gaanara en Portugal

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 348:

king Ferdinand, wanting to act for the good of the realms and of his children, distributed his realms in this way: to Sancho, who was the elder, he gave Castille and Navarre till the river Ebro, together with the frontier; to Alfonso, the middle son, he granted León and Asturias, with a piece of Campos; and he give Garcia, who was the younger, the kingdom of Galicia with everything he gained in Portugal

tan ben no reyno de Portugal, conmo no reyno de Galisa

1346, M. Lucas Alvarez, P. P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 497:

in the kingdom of Portugal as well as in the kingdom of Galicia

realm; kingdom (a realm having a king and/or queen as its actual or nominal sovereign)


negociador

gl-noun

negociador m (plural negociadores, feminine negociadora, feminine plural negociadoras)

negociadores (plural)
negociadora (feminine)
negociadoras (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin negōtiātor (“merchant, banker”); equivalent to negociar + -dor.


oferta

offer (something put forth, bid, proffered or tendered)


presión

presións (plural)
pressom (alternative)
pressão (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin pressiōnem.


optimismo

From French optimisme, from Latin optimus.


regreso

regresos (plural)
regresso (alternative)


visión

visións (plural)
visom (alternative)
visão (alternative)

vision (something seen; an object perceived visually)

vision, sight (the sense or ability of sight)

view (a way of understanding something, an opinion, a theory)

vision (something imaginary one thinks one sees)


insulto

Attested since the 15th century. Learned borrowing from Latin īnsultus

que desta dita çibdade avían partido Pero Dias de Cadorna e Martín Sánches, abade da Triindade da dita çibdade, con çerta gente de cavalo e de pe, pera Milmanda, sobre rasón de çerto insulto que ena dita villa de Millmanda avían feyto Martín de Castro, con peça de gente do señorío de Purtogal

1441, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 272:

that from this city [Ourense] had departed Pedro Diaz de Cadorna and Martín Sánchez, abbot of the Trinity of said city, with some mounted and unmounted people, to Milmanda, because of a certain insult that in said town of Milmanda had done Martín de Castro with a group of people of the realm of Portugal


federación

federacións (plural)
federaçom (alternative)
federação (alternative)

From Late Latin foederātiō. Analyzable as federar + -ción.


tarde

From Old Galician-Portuguese tarde, from Latin tarde.

afternoon or early evening, period between noon and darkness


pobreza

[poˈβ̞ɾe.θɐ]

[poˈβ̞ɾe.θɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese pobreza, from pobre (“poor”) + -eza (“-ness; -ity”), from Latin pauper (“poor”), from *pavo-pars (“getting little”), from Proto-Indo-European *pau- (“smallness”).


cabala

From cabalo (“horse”). Compare Portuguese cavala and Spanish caballa.

Scomber scombrus
Scomber scombrus#Translingual


confesión

confesións (plural)
confissom (alternative)
confissão (alternative)


vínculo

Learned borrowing from Latin vinculum. Doublet of vencello.


compensación

Learned borrowing from Latin compensatio, compensationem.


individuo

individuos (plural)
indivíduo (alternative)


mamá

mamás (plural)
ma (alternative)
mamai (alternative)
mamaie (alternative)
mamaíña (alternative)

(colloquial, endearing, vocative) mum, mom


señor

gl-noun

señor m (plural señores, feminine señora, feminine plural señoras)

señores (plural)
señora (feminine)
señoras (feminine plural)
senhor (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese senhor, from Latin senior. Compare Portuguese senhor.

inh+

(capitalized, Catholicism) the Lord / God


cabeza

From Old Galician-Portuguese cabeça, from Vulgar Latin capitia, from the neuter plural (reanalyzed as a feminine singular) of Latin capitium, diminutive of caput (“head”). Cognate with Portuguese cabeça and Spanish cabeza.


nariz

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese nariz, from Late Latin nārīcem f, ultimately derived from Latin nāris. Compare Portuguese nariz m, Asturian, Aragonese, Ladino, and Spanish nariz f, Italian narice f.

cog

(anatomy) nose (a protuberance on the face housing the nostrils, which are used to breathe or smell)


oído

From Old Galician-Portuguese oydo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from earlier *ouido, from Latin audītus. Cognate with Portuguese ouvido.

Ali da soude aos enfermos et alumea os çegos, et liura os demoniados et da aos sordos oydo, et aos mãcos fazeos andar

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 167:

There he gives health to the sick and lights the blind, and free the possessed and gives hearing to the deaf ones, and he makes the lame ones walk


palma

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese palma (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin palma.

inh+

Garda o Medullo do valor a palma.


tendón

tendóns (plural)
toldón (alternative)
tondón (alternative)

Ultimately from Medieval Latin tendō, from Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “sinew, tendon”)


físico

From Latin physicus, from Ancient Greek φυσικός (phusikós).


físico

gl-noun

físico m (plural físicos, feminine física, feminine plural físicas)

físicos (plural)
física (feminine)
físicas (feminine plural)


estómago

estómagos (plural)
estômago (alternative)

[es̺ˈt̪ɔ.mɑ.ɣ̞ʊ]

[es̺ˈt̪ɔ.mɑ.ɣ̞ʊ]

stomach (an organ in animals that stores food in the process of digestion)


progreso

progresos (plural)
progresso (alternative)

[pɾoˈɣ̞ɾɛ.s̺ʊ]

[pɾoˈɣ̞ɾɛ.s̺ʊ]

[pɾoˈħɾɛ.s̺ʊ]


circunstancia

circunstancias (plural)
circunstância (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin circumstantia.


código

[ˈkɔ.ð̞i.ɣ̞ʊ]

[ˈkɔ.ð̞i.ɣ̞ʊ]

[ˈkɔ.ð̞i.ħʊ]


violación

violacións (plural)
violaçom (alternative)
violação (alternative)

From Latin violātiō, violātiōnem (“injury, profanation”), from violō (“I treat with violence; I maltreat; I violate, defile, profane”).


malformación

malformation caused by abnormal development of an organ or body part


excepción

excepcións (plural)
excepçom (alternative)
exceçom (alternative)
exceção (alternative)


recomendación

recomendacións (plural)
recomendaçom (alternative)
recomendação (alternative)


prohibición

prohibicións (plural)
proibiçom (alternative)
proibição (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin prohibitiōnem.


musulmán

musulmáns (plural)
muçulmano (alternative)


explosión

explosións (plural)
explosom (alternative)
explosão (alternative)


vestido

From Old Galician-Portuguese vestido, from Latin vestītus.


preparación

preparacións (plural)
preparaçom (alternative)
preparação (alternative)


trono

Attested since 1370 (trõo). From Old Galician-Portuguese (compare Portuguese trom), from Latin tonus (“thunderclap; sound, tone”) (probably through a Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *tronus, with influence from tonitrus).

inh

ca a noyte foy moyto escura, et fezo trõos et lóstregos et uẽto moy forte, et chouj́a moy rrégeament.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, page 392:

because the night was very dark, and there were thunder and lightning and a very strong wind, and it was raining heavily

Hũu trono cõ seu serujdor e hũu fole de póluora

1457, Fernando Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega, page 171:

A bombard with its server and a bag of powder


trono

Learned borrowing from Latin thronus, from Ancient Greek θρόνος (thrónos).


tortura

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin tortūra (“twisting; torture”), from Latin tortus, from torqueō (“I twist”), from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”).

torture (intentional causing of somebody's experiencing agony)


tropa

Attested since 1603. Ultimately from French troupe.

a meu yrmaõ Jeronimo frde de ponteuedra, vn alcalde que foy da bila mesma, passando as tropas dos soldados, lle a feyto vma senjustiça tocandolle na onrra, que he coussa para a cassa de meu pay de moita estima

1603, Rosario Álvarez, edited by Ernesto González, Cartas a Conde de Gondomar:

to my brother Xerónimo Fernández de Pontevedra, a later alderman of this same town while reviewing the soldiers' troops made him an injustice, touching him in his honor, which is a thing of great value for my father's house


minoría

minority (subgroup that does not form half or more)


acusación

acusacións (plural)
acusaçom (alternative)
acusação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin accūsātiōnem.


brigada

(military) brigade (military unit composed of several regiments)


distancia

distancias (plural)
distância (alternative)


futbolista

gl-noun

futbolista m or f by sense (plural futbolistas)

(soccer) footballer (British); football player (Britain), soccer player (US, Canada, Australia)


continente

Learned borrowing from Latin continens, continentem.


baño

From Old Galician-Portuguese banno, from Latin baneum, variant of balneum. Compare Portuguese banho, Spanish baño.

Que o dito que aposte os ditos baños et os alinpe ben, fasta o soo, de todo lixo et lodo que touveren

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 127:

That the aforementioned man should ready the aforementioned baths, and clean them correctly, till the ground, of any dirt and mud that they can have

(also in the plural) baths; bathhouse; spa

'It. hua manta et dous banos de pan amasar [...] It. hunn bano de salgar carne"

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Historica, I, 5, page 401-402:

Item, a blanket and two troughs for kneading bread … Item, a trough for salting meat


goma

Attested since 1350. From Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi).

c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 197

it was filled in the inside with many spices and resins, the most noble and virtuous that there were in the world

era chẽo de dentro de moytas espeçias et de gomas as mays nobles et as mays virtuosas que ẽno mũdo auya


bidé

bidet (low-mounted plumbing fixture for cleaning the genitalia and anus)


toalla

Attested since the 13th century. Either from Old French toaille (“towel”), from Proto-West Germanic *þwahilu (“towel”), or directly from Gothic.

sete mantas brancas de cama e tres mesas de mantées e dous de lata e outros alesmaniscos e un par de toallas

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 172:

seven white blankets for the bed, three tables of tablecloth (?), two [made] of boards and another two German ones, and a pair of towels


rollo

From Latin rotulus, through Vulgar Latin *rotlu. Doublet of rótulo and rolo.

(historical) pillory (post used as a means of punishment and humiliation)

por quanto enna tal çidade como esta non avia lugar perteeçente en que se exsecutase a justiça, que acordara de mandar faser enno lugar que disen Monteooris hũu rollo segundo que estava ennas outras çidades do regno

1417, Rodríguez González, Ángel (ed. ) (1992): Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 59

since in a city such as this there was no place dedicated to the execution of justice he ordered to build, in the place called Monteourís, a scaffold after the ones that were in the other cities of the kingdom

(historical) scaffold (platform for public executions)


cisterna

cisternas (plural)
cistrena (alternative)

[θis̺ˈt̪ɛɾ.nɐ]

[θis̺ˈt̪ɛɾ.nɐ]

From Latin cisterna, from cista, from Ancient Greek κίστη (kístē, “box”).

Outrosy mandamos que o dicto Martin Bezerra et sua moller nen sua voz nen outro algun non posan fazer poço nen sacar agoa nen fazer algibe nen çistrenna nen otra cousa semellante para teer agoa por maneyra de bastimento dentro en a dicta casa noua nen arredor dela trijnta couedos.

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

Also, we command that neither the aforementioned Martin Becerra, nor his wife, nor their successors, nor anyone, could make a well, or extract water, or make a reservoir, or a cistern, or any other such thing for having water as a utility inside the mentioned new house, nor around it for thirty cubits.


ventilación

ventilacións (plural)
ventilaçom (alternative)


cepillo

plane (carpentry tool for smoothing wood)


máquina

Learned borrowing from Latin machina (“a machine, engine, contrivance, device, stratagem, trick”), from Ancient Greek μαχανά (makhaná).


regulación

regulacións (plural)
regulaçom (alternative)
regulação (alternative)


altura

From Old Galician-Portuguese altura (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from alto (“high”) + -ura.

Outrosy mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra et sua moller façan outra porta a a dicta casa noua en a outra quadra via de de çima en o chaao, et que non aia altura nehuna do terreo, et que seia ancha tanto por que posa entrar longura de hun tonel a traues, et de altura por que posa entrar un ome ençima de hun caualo, et que non seia ferrada de ferro, saluo palmelas et golfoos pertenesçentes.

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 556:

Otherwise, we command that said Martin Becerra and his wife should made another gate in this new house, in the other yard, in the ground level, which should not have any elevation over the ground; it should be wide enough to enter a barrel in long, and its height must be enough for a mounted man, and it should have no iron reinforcements beyond the needed leaves and pins


pentágono

From Late Latin pentagōnum, from Ancient Greek πεντάγωνον (pentágōnon, “pentagon”), neuter form of πεντάγωνος (pentágōnos, “five-angled”). Equivalent to penta- + -gono.


coronel

gl-noun

coronel m (plural coroneis, feminine coronela, feminine plural coronelas)

coroneis (plural)
coronela (feminine)
coronelas (feminine plural)


combustión

combustións (plural)
combustom (alternative)
combustão (alternative)


munición

municións (plural)
muniçom (alternative)
munição (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin mūnītiōnem.


militar

militar m or f by sense (plural militares)

Learned borrowing from Latin mīlitāris, from mīles (“soldier”).


foro

From Old Galician-Portuguese foro, from Latin forum. Cognate with Spanish fuero.

Iten, foro que ten Joan, de Cunbraaos, de herdades que teuo seu padre aforadas enno dicto lugar de Cunbraaos

1407, J. L. Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 502:

Item, lease that has Xoán, of Cumbraos, of properties that his father rented in said village of Cumbraos

(historical) a multi-generational rental contract or lease of farmland

Ista é carta de foro que faz dona Toda a estos homees que poblan esta pobla de Uila bona

1244, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 13:

This is the charter of constitution [bill of rights] that makes Lady Toda to the men [humans] that peoples this town of Vilaboa [Goodville]

Et o foro de Padrom atal he, que pertigueyro, nen justiça, nen outro ome nihuun non deue prender ena villa de padrom ome nihuun por deueda nen por outra cousa nihua

1318, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 147:

And the constitution of Padron is such that neither verger, nor justice, nor any other man, could capture a man in the town of Padrón because of a debt or because of any other motive

(historical) constitution, statute or bill of rights issued by a lord, bishop or king to a town or city

(historical) law private to a territory or collective; jurisdiction


categoría

Borrowed from Late Latin catēgoria, from Ancient Greek κατηγορία (katēgoría).


petróleo

From Medieval Latin petroleum, from Latin petra + oleum.


inmigración

inmigracións (plural)
imigraçom (alternative)
imigração (alternative)


migración

migracións (plural)
migraçom (alternative)
migração (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin migrātiōnem.


preocupación

Learned borrowing from Latin praeoccupātiō, praeoccupātiōnem.


sistema

From Latin systēma, from Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma).


discusión

discusións (plural)
discussom (alternative)
discussão (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin discussiōnem.


barco

Attested since the 10th century in Latin documents. From barca.


característica

gl-noun

característica f (plural características)


turismo

tourism; the act of visiting places of interest


dirección

Learned borrowing from Latin dīrēctiōnem.


prisión

prisións (plural)
prisom (alternative)
prisão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese prison, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin prehensiōnem, displacing Old Galician-Portuguese prijon.

Et esto mando por minna manda et por quanto eu quero yr a Toledo por minna muller et non posso yr sen grande meu peligro de minna morte ou de minna desonrra et non posso yr senon en poder de Johan Perez de Novoa meu primo que por outro camino non posso yr con medo dos yamigos de meu senor el rey don Enrrique, et sinaladamente con medo de Meen Rodrigues de Seabra que he meu yamigo mortal et Pedro Goterres de Barrantes et outros scudeiros que foron en a prison de meu yrmaao o arcediago de Salnes.

1371, Miguel Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, doc. 1803

And this I send as my bequest, because I want to go to Toledo for my wife and I can't go there without great danger, of my death or of my dishonour; and I can't go but as under Xoán Pérez de Nóvoa, my cousin; because I can't have it other way for fear of the enemies of our king Henry, and, namely, of Men Rodíguez de Seabra, my mortal enemy, and Pedro Gotérrez de Barrantes and other squires which were in the prison of my brother, the archdeacon of Salnés

prison (a place or institution of confinement, especially of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government)

place and rope used to retain a cow inside the stable


representación

gl-noun

representación f (plural representacións)

representacións (plural)
representaçom (alternative)
representação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin repraesentātiōnem.


prefacio

prefacios (plural)
prefácio (alternative)


edición

edicións (plural)
ediçom (alternative)
edição (alternative)


esencia

esencias (plural)
essência (alternative)

[ɛˈs̺ɛn̪.θjɐ]

[ɛˈs̺ɛn̪.θjɐ]

First attested in the 15th century. Learned borrowing from Latin essentia.

Deus Padre et Fillo et Spiritu Santo, treſ perſonas en hũa eſſençia deujnal

1414, Clarinda de A. Maia, editor, História do galego-português, Coimbra: I.N.I.C, page 99:

God, Father and Son and Holy Ghost, three persons in a single divine essence


separación

separacións (plural)
separaçom (alternative)
separação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin separatio, separationem.


acumulación

acumulacións (plural)
acumulaçom (alternative)
acumulação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin accumulatio, accumulationem.


curso

Learned borrowing from Latin cursus (“course, act of running”), from currō (“I run”).


especialización

gl-noun

especialización f (plural especializacións)


instrumento

instrument (a tool, implement used for manipulation or measurement)

instrument (a device used to produce music)

(figurative) instrument (a person used as a mere tool for achieving a goal)


difusión

difusións (plural)
difusom (alternative)
difusão (alternative)


noción

nocións (plural)
noçom (alternative)
noção (alternative)


fenómeno

Learned borrowing from Late Latin phaenomenon, from Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon, “thing appearing to view”).


barba

From Old Galician-Portuguese barba, from Latin barba.


inferno

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese inferno, from Latin īnfernus (“infernal; of the lower regions”).

inh

(figurative) a very unpleasable or negative situation


espectro

espectros (plural)
espetro (alternative)


pintor

gl-noun

pintor m (plural pintores, feminine pintora, feminine plural pintoras)

pintores (plural)
pintora (feminine)
pintoras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese pintor (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *pinctor, *pinctōrem, from Latin pictor.


millonario

millonario m (plural millonarios, feminine millonaria, feminine plural millonarias)

millonarios (plural)
millonaria (feminine)
millonarias (feminine plural)


cerro

From Old Galician-Portuguese cerro, from Latin cirrus (“curl”).

(in the plural) hard scales along the sides of the Atlantic horse mackerel

It. ....... arestre de lyno en que son viinte et seys cerros.

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Historica, I, 5, page 343:

It. ... plait of linen, in which there are twenty-six yarns

Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.

The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the stricks on the distaff, for the year's cloth.


boi

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese boi, from Latin bovem (“cow, bull”) (probably through a Vulgar Latin form *boem). Compare Portuguese boi.

inh+

cen carros de pan entre trigo et centeo et vi armentios et iiii bois et ii uacas et La roxellos entre cabras et ouellas

1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Transcrición íntegra dos documentos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 78:

a hundred carts of grain, wheat and rye; and 6 cattle, 4 oxen and 2 cows; and 50 kids, sheep and goats

Cancer pagurus
Cancer pagurus#Translingual


escano

From Old Galician-Portuguese escano (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin scamnum, from Proto-Italic *skaβnom, from Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m, from *skabʰ- (“to hold up”).
Cognate with Portuguese escano, Spanish escaño, Italian scanno, Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá).

Poys que elles forõ ydos, fezo dõna Lanbra poer hũu escano en meo de seu curral, guisado et cuberto de panos com̃o para morto.

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 179:

After they were gone, Lady Lanbra ordered to put a bier in the middle of her yard, prepared and covered with clothes as if prepared for a dead person

(dated) bier, kind of stretcher used for moving and holding a corpse


parlamentario

gl-noun

parlamentario m (plural parlamentarios, feminine parlamentaria, feminine plural parlamentarias)

parlamentarios (plural)
parlamentaria (feminine)
parlamentarias (feminine plural)

parliamentarian (member of a parliament)


cooperación

Learned borrowing from Latin cooperātiōnem.


calefacción

Learned borrowing from Latin calefactiō, calefactiōnem.


anello

gl-noun

anello m (plural anellos, feminine anella, feminine plural anellas)

anellos (plural)
anella (feminine)
anellas (feminine plural)
anelho (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese anello (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *anniclu, from Latin anniculus. Cognate with Portuguese anelho, Asturian aneyu and Spanish añejo, añojo.

disso que pinnorara Laviii armentios et deste gaando eran xxxiii armentios mayores et x tenrreyros et xv anellos et ficaban xxxxvii armentios

he said that he pawned 58 cattle and of these cattle there were 33 elder cattle and 10 calves and 15 calves with more than a year, and 47 cattle still remained

yearling, or older, calf; a heifer or a bullock


seo

seos (plural)
sen (alternative Galician Northeastern)
seio (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese sẽo, from Latin sinus. Cognate with Portuguese seio and Spanish seno.

Amáñanse poñéndose moitos refaixos e cruzan os panos por diante o seo; todo pra aparentar máis gordas e rebustas: en vez de poñer as carnes ó aire, tápa-nas percurando aparecer que elas teñen moitas, aínda que falten pola casa. Dempois andan azoroñando a carón dos mozos i ós que queren pescar físga-nos polo rabiño do ollo. Si eles se fan de rogar entón carexan as mozas astra que miran pra elas

1908, Xesús Rodríguez López, Gallegadas, page 135:

They dress up with many underskirts and they cross the clothes before the bosom; all that so they seem fatter and more robust: instead of showing the flesh they cover it attempting to look as if they have much, even if it lacks at home. After this they wander around the boys, and the ones they want to fish, they catch them by the corner of the eye. If they play hard to get, then they speak together loudly till the boys look at them


teta

From Old Galician-Portuguese teta (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from a West Germanic *titta (English tit, Dutch tiet, German Zitze) or either an expressive formation identical to it.
Compare Portuguese teta, Spanish teta, French tette. Cf. also Late Latin titta.

onomatopoeic

expressive

Quem creyria que Abraã averia fillo emçima de sua velleçe, de sua moller Sarra, et ella sééndo outrosi vella queo criaria aas suas tetas?

1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV., page 218:

Who would have think that Abraham would have a son in spite of his age and that of his wife Sarah, and that she being also old would feed her son with her tits?

(chiefly in the plural) tit, a woman's breast


fútbol

[ˈfut̪.β̞ɔɫ]


chave

From Old Galician-Portuguese chave (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin clāvis, clāvem.

1416, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 10

Said Council ordered that the persons who had the keys to the doors of said city should made them close each night, so that no harm can come through them to said city

O dito conçello mandaron que as personas que tinan as chaves das portas da dita çidade que as fezesen çarrar cada noyte porque non viese por elas dano a a dita çidade

switch (a device to turn electric current on and off or direct its flow)

(wrestling) hold (position or grip used to control the opponent)


barda

From Paleo-Hispanic, perhaps from Proto-Celtic *wradyos (compare Welsh gwraidd, "root").


barda

From Arabic بَرْدَة (barda), ultimately from Middle Persian pltk' (pardag). Compare to Persian پرده (parde), Old Armenian պարտակ (partak), and Classical Syriac ܦܪܕܩܐ (pardəqā).

a piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental) armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb


tapiz

From French tapis, from Latin tapēs. Doublet of tapete.

Sobre un tapiz dua mesa
mais louro do que é o carbon
hay procesos, e un tinteiro
feito de corno de boy.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos de un escolar gallego:

Over the cloth of a table,
blacker than coal,
there are lawsuits and an inkwell
made with ox horn


creación

creacións (plural)
criaçom (alternative)
criação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin creatio, creationem.


herbal

Attested since the 15th century. From herba + -al.


gota

From Old Galician-Portuguese gota (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin gutta.

Os mouros, logo que virõ os jnfantes ẽno cãpo, ferirõ os atãbores et veerõ sobre elles tam espessos com̃o as gotas ẽnas chuuyas que caẽ

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 195:

The Moors, as they saw the infants on the field, hit they drums and came over them, as thick as drops in the rain


compadre

gl-noun

compadre m (plural compadres, feminine comadre, feminine plural comadres)

compadres (plural)
comadre (feminine)
comadres (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese compadre, conpadre (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin compater, compatrem, from com- + Latin pater.
Cognate with Portuguese compadre, Spanish compadre, Catalan compare and Italian compare.

godfather of one’s child; father of one’s godchild

father of one's child's spouse; co-father-in-law

Á taberna do meu compadre fun polo vento, vin polo aire; Debe ser cousa de encantamento, ir polo aire, vir polo vento!

To my mate's tavern I went in the wind, came back by the air; it must be an enchantment, to go by air, to came back in the wind!


cabrón

cabrón m (plural cabróns, feminine cabrona, feminine plural cabronas)

cabróns (plural)
cabrona (feminine)
cabronas (feminine plural)
cabrom (alternative)
cabrão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese cabron (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from cabra + -ón. Compare Portuguese cabrão, Spanish cabrón, Catalan cabró.

Parablennius gattorugine
Wikispecies:Parablennius gattorugine

tompot blenny (Parablennius gattorugine)

(vulgar, derogatory) bastard, motherfucker


lata

Attested since the 14th century. From Vulgar Latin *latta (“lath”), from Proto-Celtic *slattā (“stalk, staff”) or from Proto-Germanic *lattō (“board, plank”), both sharing a common, probably non Indo-European, origin.

sete mantas brancas de cama e tres mesas de mantées e dous de lata e outros alesmaniscos e un par de toallas

seven white blankets for the bed, three tables of tablecloth (?), two [made] of boards and another two German ones, and a pair of towels

que a deuedes dar chantada de vina et ben fercada et [. . ] con forcas et linoos ao pelongo et latas ao traues

1339, Graña Cid, edited by M. Mar, Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), page 127:

you should plant vines and have it correctly kept … with gallows and strings all along, and beams crosswise


lata

Borrowed from French latte or from Italian latta.


compositor

compositor m (plural compositores, feminine compositora, feminine plural compositoras)

compositores (plural)
compositora (feminine)
compositoras (feminine plural)


quietude

Borrowed from Late Latin quiētūdō, from Latin quiētus, perfect passive participle of quiēscō (“rest”).


lágrima

From Old Galician-Portuguese lagrima, lagrema (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin lacrima.

Crees tu que atã grã pecado com̃o tu fezeche, que che seja perdoado por lagremas et por jajũus?

c. 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid, C.S.I.C., page 200:

Do you believe, given such a big sin as you did, that it will be forgiven through tears and fastings?


asunción

asuncións (plural)
assunção (alternative)

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin assūmptiō.


costal

Attested since the 13th century. From Latin costalis.

1439, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 419

Assize of the pots: Item, they ordered that any person who brings a load of pots from the outside for selling inside this city, that they shall pay two white coins for each load; and a white coin for a sack; and for the lot that they carry in their arms, a coin; an two coins for each amphora

Sisa das olas: Iten, ordenaron que qual quer persona que trouxer carga d'olas de fora parte a vender aa dita çidade, que page de cada carga d'olas, duas brancas e de un costal d'olas, hua branca, e do feixe das olas que trouxer en collo, un diñeyro, e de cada qántara, dous diñeiros

(historical) sack used for carrying loads at the back


peixe

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peixe, from Latin piscem, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-. Compare Portuguese peixe.

inh+

1517, María Ángela Comesaña Martínez (ed.), O tombo do Hospital e Ermida de santa María do Camiño de Pontevedra. Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 161

Pedro de Santiago, squire, pays each year, forever, nine old coins, for a house that is in the Fried Fish Street

paga Pedro de Santiago escudeiro en cada huun ano para sempre nove mrs. vellos por huna casa que esta enna Rua de Peyxe frigido


apnea

From New Latin apnoea, from the Ancient Greek ἄπνοια (ápnoia).

(sports) freediving / free-diving / free diving


pinto

From Vulgar Latin *pinctus (“painted”), replacing Classical Latin pictus.

a spotted variety of Ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta), locally considered a different species


rama

From Old Galician-Portuguese rama (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), a collective from ramo, from Latin ramus.

con suas casas, casâês, chantados, jures, perteenças et dereituras per rama et per colmo et per terra

1336, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 157

with its houses, farmhouses, plantations, rights, belongings and limits, by branch and thatch and earth [in medieval Galician it was customary that the seller would give a branch, thatch and earth taken from the sold property to the buyer, as symbol of the transference of the property]

A rama da pataca usábase durante a guerra como substitutivo do tabaco.

During the Spanish Civil War, potato foliage was used as a substitute of tobacco.


igual

iguais (plural)
igoal (alternative)
ingual (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese igual, ygual, from Latin aequālis.


brume

Attested since the 18th century. Unknown: perhaps from Latin morbus, blended with Latin vomica.


pesar

From Old Galician-Portuguese pesar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin pēnsāre (“ponder, weigh”). Compare the doublet pensar.


cuma

head

cuma f (feminine plural cumas, masculine cum, masculine plural cuns)

cumas (feminine plural)
cum (masculine)
cuns (masculine plural)


dolmen

Attested since circa 1870. From French dolmen. Traditional local denominations of dolmens include anta, arca, forno, casota.

Ai! Cando funguen os ventos nas polas do castañal xa non ruxirán as armas qu'alí tiñan nosos pais...! Donde fixemos fogueiras os carrascos nacerán, e no dolmen en qu'ibamos de noite a sacrificar, criaránse herbas e toxos i os mouchos aniñarán... Cobrirán silvas i hadreiras as pedras do noso lar, e sobr'as mámoas dos mortos xente allea pasará

Woe! When the winds hum in the chestnut branches no longer will roar our father's arms there! Where we lighted bonfires, oaks will grow, and at the dolmen where we made our sacrifices at night, weeds and gorses will grow and the owl will make nest... Brambles and ivies will cover the stones of our home, and over the barrows of the dead, alien people will walk


moeda

From Old Galician-Portuguese mõeda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin monēta. Cognate with Portuguese moeda, Spanish moneda and English mint.


aquel

gl-noun

aquel m (plural aqueles, feminine aquela, feminine plural aquelas)

aqueles (plural)
aquela (feminine)
aquelas (feminine plural)
aquele (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aquel, from Vulgar Latin *eccum ille, a compound of Latin eccum and ille. Cognate with Portuguese aquele and Spanish aquel, among others.

inh+

Esa muller tenche un aquel que me pon parvo.

That woman has a je ne sais quoi that makes me crazy.

(informal) je ne sais quoi, an imprecise positive quality

Co aquel de que non se falan non se fixo o que había que facer.

With the excuse that they don't speak each other what must be done wasn't done.

Pásame o aquel de furar.

(informal) thingy; used instead of any other noun, either because the speaker don't want to mention it, or because they cann't find the appropriate word


impostor

gl-noun

impostor m (plural impostores, feminine impostora, feminine plural impostoras)

impostores (plural)
impostora (feminine)
impostoras (feminine plural)

impostor (someone who uses a false identity)


galego

galego m (plural galegos, feminine galega, feminine plural galegas)

galegos (plural)
galega (feminine)
galegas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese galego, from Latin gallaecus (“a Galician”), from older callaecus (“a person of a local tribe from NW Iberia”), from a local substrate language; either from Proto-Celtic *kallī- (“wood”) or from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *kl̥H-ní-s (“hill”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-, and a relational suffix *-aekos of Lusitanian or Hispano-Celtic origin.
The geographical name Gallaecia was derived from the ethnonym Gallaeci.

inh+

Nós somos galegos e os galegos sómosche así

We are Galicians and we Galicians are like that

a person from Galicia, or a person with Galician ancestry


riba

From Old Galician-Portuguese riba, from Latin ripa (“bank”).


galla

Probably from Vulgar Latin *gallea, from Latin galla (“oak-apple”).


nena

From Old Galician-Portuguese neno, nena (“young, tender”), from Vulgar Latin *ninnus, probably imitative of infantile language. Cognate with Spanish niña.

child (female), especially before puberty

Item mando que den aa nena que mora en na casa duas trases et hun tornes et huna camisa et duas sauaas

1403, M. M .Graña Cid (ed.), Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500). Estudios Mindonienses, page 237

Item, I order that they give to the girl that lives at the house two trases [?] and a solidus from Tours and a shirt and two sheets


rico

gl-noun

rico m (plural ricos, feminine rica, feminine plural ricas)

ricos (plural)
rica (feminine)
ricas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese rico, probably from Gothic 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃 (reiks, “mighty, powerful”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rīkijaz.

der

A rico non debas e a probe non prometas

Don't owe to a wealthy, don't made promises to a poor man


opa

mando a Rodrigo Afonſo, clerigo, meu criado, as mjñas opas griſes forradas de ſarga vermella

1414, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 102

I send to Rodrigo Afonso, my servant, my grey capes [which are] lined in red serge

(usually in the plural) a type of cape used by members of the clergy


cura

From Latin cūra, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeys- (“to heed”).

care (close attention; concern; responsibility)

care, treatment (the treatment of those in need)

cure (a method that restores good health)


algodón

algodóns (plural)
algodom (alternative)
algodão (alternative)

[ɑɫ.ɣ̞oˈð̞oŋ]

[ɑɫ.ɣ̞oˈð̞oŋ]

[ɑɫ.ħoˈð̞oŋ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese algodon, from Andalusian Arabic قطن (quṭun), from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun).

inh+

It. mando a mia cama. en que eu jasco. que som quatro almadraques. dos quaes ssom dous de ffroxel et huun dalgodon et outro de borra et con seu cabeçal et con duas colchas

1348, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 306:

Item, I bequeath my bed, the one where I lie, which is made of four mattresses, two of them of down, one of cotton, and one of wool, with its pillow and two quilts […]


gana

Attested since 1671. From Spanish gana, maybe from Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”) .

Tes gana de mexar?


vello

gl-noun

vello m (plural vellos, feminine vella, feminine plural vellas)

vellos (plural)
vella (feminine)
vellas (feminine plural)
velho (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese vello, from Late Latin veclus, from Latin vetulus. Compare Aragonese viello.

1978, Lois Álvarez Pousa, "A Sementeira" (song by Fuxan os Ventos)

An old man who gives counsel / a face of smoke and bread / who tells tales to the children / about the cuckoo and the quail

Un vello que dea consellos / un rostro de fume e pan / que conte contos aos nenos / do cuco e do paspallás.


coronavirus

O coronavirus infectou case 800 persoas na China en 24 horas, período en que morreron 24 doentes, todos eles na provincia de Hubei, da que Wuhan é capital.

2020 January 27, “Aumenta a capacidade de contaxio do coronavirus”, in TVG:

Coronavirus infected almost 800 people in China in 24 hours, a period in which 24 patients died, all in the province of Hubei, of which Wuhan is capital.


alcalde

alcalde m (plural alcaldes, feminine alcaldesa, feminine plural alcaldesas)

alcaldes (plural)
alcaldesa (feminine)
alcaldesas (feminine plural)

[ɑɫˈkɑl̪.d̪ɪ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese alcalde, from Old Spanish alcalde, from Arabic اَلْقَاضِي (al-qāḍī, “judge”).

inh+

Pero Ares d'Aldãa, tenente lugar ẽna dita billa e torres dela por noso señor o arçebispo de Santiago dom Lopo, e Pero Falcon, juis, Juan Garçia Rouquo, Lourenço Yanes de Pastoris, alcaldes, Alvaro Lopes, Garçia Goterres, Afonso Basques, Fernan Basques, jurados, Pero de Plazer, procurador do dito Conçello, diseron que por rason que algũus mercadores e suas mercadorias e navios se temian e reçeavan de vĩir a esta dita billa e seu porto con as ditas suas mercadorias e navios, entendendo de seer prendados e penorados por las mercadorias que Gonçalvo Correa tomara eno dito porto e levara ẽna barcha chamada per nome "Rostro Fremoso"
Pedro Ares de Aldán, lieutenant in this town [Pontevedra] and it's towers on behalf of our lord the archbishop of Santiago Don Lopo, and Pedro Falcón, judge; Xoán Garcia Rouco, Lourenzo Yanes de Pastoriza, mayors; Álvaro López, Garcia Gotérrez, Afonso Vázquez, Fernán Vázquez, councilors; Pedro de Placer, town agent; they said that since certain merchants and their goods and ships feared and distrusted coming to this town and harbor with their mentioned goods and ships, believing that they would be seized and confiscated because of the trade goods that Gonzalo Correa took at this harbor and carried away in the ship named "Beauty Face";

1437, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 127

mayor (the leader of a city or a municipality)


chumbo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chumbo, from Latin plumbum.


ouro

From Old Galician-Portuguese ouro, from Latin aurum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”).

De ouro e de prata todos iban cheos , así seus vestidos como seus sombreiros.

They were all full of gold and silver, both their dresses and their hats.


prata

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese prata, borrowed from Vulgar Latin *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús), from Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us, from *pleth₂- + *-us. Doublet of prato and chato.
Compare Portuguese prata.


mozo

gl-noun

mozo m (plural mozos, feminine moza, feminine plural mozas)

mozos (plural)
moza (feminine)
mozas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese moço (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria) of unknown origin. Cognate with Portuguese moço, Asturian mozu, and Spanish mozo.

unk

unknown

Xa é unha mulleriña; mesmo botou mozo.

She's already a young lady; she even has a boyfriend now.

Vasco d'Oseve o mozo, fillo de Vasco d'Oseve o vello

1485, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada: Edicións do Castro, page 709:

Vasco de Oseve junior, son of Vasco de Oseve senior

(archaic) junior (person that is younger than other person)


enxofre

[enʲˈʃɔ.fɾɪ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese suffre (with the prefix en-), from Latin sulfur, sulphur, suphure, from Proto-Indo-European *swelplos, from the root *swel- (“to burn, smoulder”). Compare Portuguese enxofre, Spanish azufre.


cão

cães (plural)
cadela (feminine)
cadelas (feminine plural)


obra

From Old Galician-Portuguese obra, from Latin opera, from opus.

work, labor, the action of toiling or working

a product of work, such as a work of art

oeuvre; the complete body of an artist's work

a building under construction; construction site

any human action, innovation, or achievement


ópera

Borrowed from Italian opera, from Latin opera (“work, labor”). Compare obra.


fogo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fogo, from Latin focus.


celeste

gl-noun

celeste m or f by sense (plural celestes)

(soccer) A fan, player, or other person associated with Celta de Vigo, a football team from the Spanish town of Vigo


pobre

pobres (plural)
probe (alternative vulgar)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pobre, from Latin pauper, pauperem. Cognate with Sicilian pòviru.


chato

From Old Galician-Portuguese, inherited from Vulgar Latin *plattus (“flattened”), from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús). Doublet of prato and plati-.

(colloquial) liquid contained in said cup


abrigo

From Old Galician-Portuguese abrigo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), of disputed origin: possibly from a Late Latin *abrigāre, from Frankish *berihan, or more likely from Latin aprico, apricare (“warm in the sun”).

der

[aˈβ̞ɾi.ɣ̞ʊ]

[aˈβ̞ɾi.ɣ̞ʊ]


contaminación

Learned borrowing from Latin contāminātiōnem.


vía

From Old Galician-Portuguese via, from Latin via.


culpa

From Old Galician-Portuguese culpa, a learned borrowing from Latin culpa.

A culpa morre solteira


moco

Inherited from Latin mŭccus, variant of mūcus, from Proto-Indo-European *mew-k- (“slimy, slippery”).

der

snood (flap of red skin on the beak of a male turkey)


estragón

estragóns (plural)
estragom (alternative)
estragão (alternative)

[es̺.t̪ɾɑˈɣ̞oŋ]

[es̺.t̪ɾɑˈɣ̞oŋ]

[es̺.t̪ɾɑˈħoŋ]

Borrowed from French estragon (“tarragon”).


cepo

From Old Galician-Portuguese cepo, from Latin cippus (“post”).

trunk section used as support or workbench


alemán

gl-noun

alemán m (plural alemáns, feminine alemá, feminine plural alemás)

alemáns (plural)
alemá (feminine)
alemás (feminine plural)
alamán (alternative)
alemám (alternative)
alemão (alternative)

First attested in the 13th century (alamã, alaman). From Old French allemand, from Late Latin Alemannus from Proto-Germanic *Alamann-.

German (inhabitant of Germany or person of German descent)


alemán

alamán (alternative)
alemám (alternative)
alemão (alternative)


silla

Borrowed from Spanish silla; compare Portuguese silha. Cf. also Galician sela.


choco

Debated. Perhaps from choca (“cowbell”).

unk

Debated


pulmón

pulmóns (plural)
pulmom (alternative)
pulmão (alternative)
pelmón (alternative)
polmón (alternative)

Attested circa 1300 as polmon. From Latin pulmō, pulmōnem (“lung”), possibly borrowed.

Et fereu o caualo da esporas et foy ferir a Meles d'Orep de hũa tã grã ferida en meo do uẽtre que logo lle fezo seýr as tripas et os polmões per sóbrelo arçõ da sela

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 357:

And he hit the spurs on the horse and went to hit Meles of Orep such a large wound in the middle of the belly that at the moment he make the guts and lungs to get out over the saddle bow

(figurative) endurance, resistance, stamina


vasco

gl-noun

vasco m (plural vascos, feminine vasca, feminine plural vascas)

vascos (plural)
vasca (feminine)
vascas (feminine plural)
basco (alternative)


mudo

From Old Galician-Portuguese mudo, from Latin mūtus.


braza

From Old Galician-Portuguese braça, from Latin brachia, variant of bracchium (“forearm, cubit”), from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn, “upper arm”). Compare Portuguese braça, Spanish braza.

der

(historical, measure) braza, a Spanish brace or fathom, a former measure of length equal to 2 varas or about 1.67 meters


cal

From Old Galician-Portuguese cal, from Vulgar Latin *calem, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”).


cal

From Old Galician-Portuguese caal, from Latin canalis. Doublet of canal.


coima

From Old Galician-Portuguese cooyma (“reparations”), from Latin calumnia (“fallacy”). Doublet of calumnia.


correa

From Old Galician-Portuguese correa, from Latin corrigia. Compare Portuguese correia and Spanish correa.

tã grã fame era dentro na vila, que comiã os coyros et as correas

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 34:

there was such big hunger inside the town that they were eating the leathers and straps

leather strap which connects both parts of a flail

As veces ruyn gadela roy boa correa

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes en Romance:

Sometimes a bad bitch gnaws a good leash

Himanthalia elongate
Himanthalia elongate#English


vacío

Attested since circa 1300. From Latin vacīvus, from vacō. Compare Portuguese vazio and Spanish vacío.


vagabundo

gl-noun

vagabundo m (plural vagabundos, feminine vagabunda, feminine plural vagabundas)

vagabundos (plural)
vagabunda (feminine)
vagabundas (feminine plural)


vagancia

vagancias (plural)
vagância (alternative)

[bɑˈɣ̞ɑn̪.θjɐ]

[bɑˈɣ̞ɑn̪.θjɐ]

[bɑˈħɑn̪.θjɐ]


vagar

From Old Galician-Portuguese vagar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin vacō, vacāre.

Cando teñas vagar bótalle unha ollada

Whenever you have time take a look at this

Afonso:
Pond'a messa, Cathaliña.
Christobo:
Sacad'essa bota, Irena.
Alberte:
Sacà, Marta, esse pernil.
Cathaliña:
Homes tende pouca pressa,
que para todo ay bagar.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

Afonso:
"Set the table, Cathaliña."
Christobo:
"Bring out that wineskin, Irena."
Alberte:
"Bring out, Marta, that ham."
Cathaliña:
"Men, be in little hurry,
there is a time for everything."


vagón

vagóns (plural)
vagom (alternative)
vagão (alternative)

First attested in 1876. Borrowed from English wagon.

na compaña dos meus bos amigos Benito das Vacalouras e Martiño de Zamora, metínme nun deses wagós do camiño de ferro d'Ourense a Vigo, i anque fumos nel como sardiñas en banasta, non tivemos queixa, porque neso da comparanza das sardiñas, nosoutros éramos das cabezudas, i as que levábamos á beira eran das escochadas, frescas e pequerrechiñas e cun sal

1884, O tío Marcos da Portela, volume 2, number 45, page 1:

in the company of my good friends Benito das Vacalouras and Martiño from Zamora, I entered one of those wagons of the railroad from Ourense to Vigo and, even if we travelled packed as sardines, we had no complaint, because on that comparison we were as sardines with head, but those next to us were as beheaded sardines, fresh and small and salted


validación

validacións (plural)
validaçom (alternative)
validação (alternative)


vándalo

vándalo m (plural vándalos, feminine vándala, feminine plural vándalas)

vándalos (plural)
vándala (feminine)
vándalas (feminine plural)
vândalo (alternative)

From Latin Vandalus, named after the Germanic tribe, from Proto-Germanic *wandilaz.

(historical) a Vandal (member of a Germanic tribe)


variación

variacións (plural)
variaçom (alternative)
variação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin variātiōnem.


vasallo

vasallos (plural)
basallo (alternative)
bascallo (alternative)
bascullo (alternative)
vascallo (alternative)
vascullo (alternative)
basalho (alternative)

From a derivative of Proto-Celtic *baskis (“bundle”) and the Galician suffix -allo, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰask- (“bundle”). Cognate with Latin fascis (“bundle, faggot”).

broom (a bundle of shrubs used for cleaning the oven)


velocímetro

speedometer (a device that indicates the speed of a vehicle)


velorio

From velar + -orio. Compare Portuguese velório and Spanish velorio.

wake for the dead, which in traditional Galician culture is also a social event implying certain amount of partying


venda

From Old Galician-Portuguese venda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin vēndita, from vēndō, or a back-formation from vender.


venda

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Proto-Germanic *binda; see also Old High German binta and German Binde.


corvo

From Old Galician-Portuguese corvo, from Latin corvus, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂wós.

Dempois vin dúas lavandeiras que depenicaban unha espiga de trigo na leira de Xan de Pedreira, unha pomba que voaba pró souto de Fonte Boa, unha péga que fuxía de un lagarteiro, catro corvos que espaturraban un canciño morto na carballeira, un melro que asubiaba entre as follas dun cereixo, un carpinteiro que facía o burato pró seu niño; e unha laverca que rebulía no aire, con unha miñoquiña no pico.

1894, Luís Otero Pimentel, Truada de rapaces:

After this I saw two wagtails which were pecking a wheat spike at the field of Xan de Pedreira, a dove flying to the wood of Fonte Boa, a magpie fleeing from a kestrel, four ravens which were clawing at a dead pup at the oak grove, a blackbird whistling in the leaves of a cherry tree, a woodpecker making the hole of its nest; and a lark fluttering in the air with a little earthworm in its beak.

Corvus corone
Corvus corone#Translingual


puñal

14th century. Either from puño (“wrist; fist”) + -al, from Latin pugnus (“fist”), or from a Vulgar Latin *pūgnālis, pūgnāle. Compare Portuguese punhal, Spanish puñal, Catalan punyal, Italian pugnale, French poignard, Romanian pumnal.

poniard (a dagger with a triangular blade)

Iten huun puñal dourado que ten duas onças de prata et huuns canivetes garnidos et huun relicario con sua cadea

1398, Anselomo López Carreira (ed.), Documentos do arquivo da catedral de Ourense (1289-1399), doc. 502

Item, a gilded poniard which have two ounces of silver and some garnished knives and a reliquary with its necklace


soga

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese soga (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin sōca, of Celtic origin, from Gaulish *soukā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to bend, to cut, to drive”), see also Sanskrit सुवति (suvati).


nube

From Old Galician-Portuguese nuve (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin nūbes. Cognate with Portuguese nuvem.


carro

From Old Galician-Portuguese carro, from Latin carrus (“cart”), from Gaulish *karros, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós, from *ḱers- (“to run”).

Teño as cortes sin molime , E vou amañar o carro.

I have the cuts without a problem, and I'm going to fix the car.


tordo

15th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin turdus (“a thrush”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos.

Iten tordos et melrras cada hũu a coroado.

1418, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 95

Item, thrushes and blackbirds, each one, a crown


labrada

[laˈβ̞ɾa.ð̞ɐ]

From labrado, the participle of labrar (“to plough”).

a field that has been worked in preparation for planting


masturbación

masturbacións (plural)
masturbaçom (alternative)
masturbação (alternative)


caneca

Germanic; cognate with can, or from cano + -eca, from Latin canna.


habitación

habitacións (plural)
habitaçom (alternative)
habitação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin habitātiōnem.


choza

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese choça (Cantigas de Santa Maria); perhaps from Latin pluteus.


administrador

gl-noun

administrador m (plural administradores, feminine administradora, feminine plural administradoras)

administradores (plural)
administradora (feminine)
administradoras (feminine plural)

administrator (a person who has been made responsible for certain managerial tasks by a public or private organization)


andaluz

andaluz m (plural andaluces, feminine andaluza, feminine plural andaluzas)

andaluces (plural)
andaluza (feminine)
andaluzas (feminine plural)

Andalusian (native or inhabitant of Andalusia, Spain) (usually male)


parietal

From Latin parietālis (“relating to walls”), from pariēs (“wall of a house”).


garrote

First attested in the 14th century. From Old French garrot, itself either from Old Occitan leg and the suffix -ot, from Gaulish *garrā (“leg”), or from a Germanic source.

garrot used to limit the movement of an animal

bolt or garrot which affixes each wheel to the axletree of a traditional Galician cart

afforo [...] a meatade de toda essa minna binna, con o herdamento que ias a par dela [...] con a meatade do lagar et garrote que y esta assy commo esta acaroada de muro

1357, Enrique Cal Pardo (ed.), "De Viveiro en la Edad Media", Estudios Mindonienses, 7, page 139

I rent to you … half of my vineyard, with the possessions that are adjacent to it … with half of the winepress that is there, as it is delimited by a wall


letra

From Old Galician-Portuguese letra, letera, from Latin littera (“letter”), from Etruscan [Term?], from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra, “tablet”).


rea

pola aldea espallabanse as notas das campás que chamaban ás xentes aldeás pra compañar o Viáteco; unha rea de mulleres e d'homes corretea por carreiros e atallos a compás

along the hamlet, the bells' notes spread, calling the peasants to accompany the viaticum; a row of women and men go along roads and cutoffs steadily


tránsito

tránsitos (plural)
trânsito (alternative)


tipo

From Latin typus (“figure; type”), from Ancient Greek τύπος (túpos, “mark”), from τύπτω (túptō, “to poke”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-.

O xenio francés ten un tipo de beleza incompatíbel cos horrores da guerra.

The French genius has a type of beauty incompatible with the horrors of war.


tipo

gl-noun

tipo m (plural tipos, feminine tipa, feminine plural tipas)

tipos (plural)
tipa (feminine)
tipas (feminine plural)

(colloquial) guy, fellow, fella, dude, bloke (UK), chap (UK)


paso

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese passo, attested in the 13th century Cantigas de Santa Maria, from Latin passus. Cognate with Catalan pas, Spanish paso, and Portuguese passo.

inh+

pass (narrow passage or channel between geographical features)

tread (the horizontal part of a step in a flight of stairs)

(historical, measure) paso, Spanish pace, a traditional unit of length

(in the plural) stones placed in a river by way of a bridge


piña

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin pīnea.


tento

From Old Galician-Portuguese tento (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), a back formation from tentar from Latin temptāre (“to test, to touch”). Cognate with Portuguese tento and Spanish tiento.

Tras o accidente perdín o tento.

After the accident I've lost my steady hand.

(usually in the plural) tact (the sense of touch)

finesse; tact (careful consideration in dealing with others to avoid giving offense)


melón

melóns (plural)
melom (alternative)
melão (alternative)

First attested in the 15th century. Probably from Old French melon, from Late Latin mēlō, mēlōnem, shortening of Latin mēlopepō, from Ancient Greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopépōn, “melon”).


sentido

From Old Galician-Portuguese sentido, past participle of sentir, from Latin sentīre (“to feel”), from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to head for, go”).


piscina

Non é capaz de atravesar a piscina nadando.


festa

From Old Galician-Portuguese festa, from Late Latin fēsta, from the plural of Latin fēstum.


marca

Attested in local Latin documents since the 9th century ("per marcas certas et sinales"), together with the related terms marco (“landmark”), marcar (“to mark”) and demarcar (“to demarcate”). Given its early local documentation and its productivity, it is not a borrowing from Italian, but from Gothic or Suevic. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *marką (“mark”).

Vendo et para senpre outorgo a uos don Martin, abbade do moesteiro de San Cloyo et ao conuento desse lugar et a toda uoz desse moesteiro todo o meu quinon da Torre de Sposende, assi conmo esta marcada a derredor per cluzes et marcas, con sua pedra et madeyra et tella, con seus eyxidos et con suas entradas, por preço nomeado, quinentos soldos desta moneda que ore corre

1347, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 425:


marca

Of Germanic origin, borrowed from Middle High German marc (“a denomination of weight”), from Old High German marc, from Proto-West Germanic *mark, from Proto-Germanic *marką (“mark, sign”).

bor

(historical) a measure of weight (especially for gold and silver), once used throughout Europe, equivalent to 8 oz


verro

verros (plural)
barro (alternative)
belro (alternative)
berro (alternative)

Attested since the 18th century. Probably from Latin varus (“eruption”).

(veterinary medicine) cattle's subcutaneous swelling caused by larvae


tregua

treguas (plural)
trégua (alternative)
tregoa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese tregua (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably from Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 (triggwa). Attested Medieval Latin treuga however points perhaps to a West Germanic *trewwa, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō.

logo o dito arçediano diso que eso meesmo por sy e por todos los seus que asy outorgaua a dita tregua torrnadiça de noue dias ao dito Pero Dias e a seus escudeiros e omes de parte á parte e de vando á vando

1443, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 282:

then the aforementioned archdeacon said the same for him and his own, that he granted this reversible truce of nine days to the mentioned Pedro Díaz and his squires and men, side to side, band to band


armisticio

armisticios (plural)
armistício (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin armistitium, from Latin arma (“weapons”) and statio (“immobility”) (compare solstitium).
Cognate to French and English armistice, Italian armistizio, Portuguese armistício, Catalan armistici.


taller

Borrowed from Spanish taller, itself from French atelier.


superficie

superficies (plural)
superfície (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin superficiēs.


trato

desa sorte
 pareze que todo e morte
 pois non queda can nen gato
 que mirando ben seu trato
 en todo non desconforte

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

In this way
 it looks as it everything is death
 since there is no one
 that examining their own trade
 doesn't feel distressed

Val máis onza de trato que libra de traballo

Better an ounce of commerce than a pound of work


peregrino

gl-noun

peregrino m (plural peregrinos, feminine peregrina, feminine plural peregrinas)

peregrinos (plural)
peregrina (feminine)
peregrinas (feminine plural)
pelegrín (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin peregrīnus.

nauios et naos et barchas en que uijnnan moytos rromeus et pelegriins dos Regnos et sennorios de Inglaterra et de otras partes en peligrinajee et Romaria a uisitar o Santo apostolo santiago

1440, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 618:

ships and carracks and vessels which brought many travelers and pilgrims from the kingdoms and lordships of England and from other places, in pilgrimage for visiting Saint James the Apostle


cora

Unknown. Perhaps from cor, but this can't explain the open tonic vowel.
Same root as Portuguese 'cora': i.e. to brown or blush bread. To add colour to the loaf.

small fire lit before the oven for maintaining it hot or to brown the bread


rei

rei m (plural reis or reises, feminine raíña, feminine plural raíñas)

reis (plural)
reises (plural)
raíña (feminine)
raíñas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese rei, from Latin rēgem (“king”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“rules”). Compare Portuguese and Fala rei.


pana

Ultimately from French panne (“plush velvet”).


bolsa

Meteu todo nunha bolsa e marchou.


més

From Old Galician-Portuguese messe (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin messis, messem. Cognate with Portuguese messe and Spanish mies.

cõmo faz a lyma ao ferro, et a fornaz ao ouro que o purga et esmera et o faz puro et paresçe mellor, et cõmo faz outrosi o máále áá messe que a degrana em çeueyra et parte a palla do graão que e o mellor

c.''' 1300, R. Martínez López (ed.), General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV. Oviedo: Archivum, page 271

as the file does to iron, and the furnace to gold, that purges and cleans it and makes it pure and looks better; and also as the flail does to the cereal, that threshes it into sustenance and parts the straw and the grain, which is the best part

a breadmaking cereal, most notably wheat or rye


boira

Attested since circa 1750. From Latin boreās, from Ancient Greek Βορέᾱς (Boréās).


figo

From Old Galician-Portuguese figo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fīcus (“fig tree, fig (fruit)”).

dedes cadã ãnno a esse moesteyro polos figos''' que agora son feytos et pola froyta que y fezerdes d'aqui endeante hun capon por dia de san Martino

1299, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 431:

you must give each year to this monastery, because of the figs made there and of the fruit you could make henceforth, a capon by the day of Saint Martin

non daredes de prexegos, nen de figos

1366, M .Lucas Alvarez, M. & P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media, Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 520:


fura

Back-formation from furar (“to pierce”).

(woodwoking) mortise (a hole that is made to receive a tenon)

(woodwoking) a hole made for inserting a peg or other similar element


golpe de estado

gl-noun

golpe de estado m (plural golpes de estado)


rima

Obscure. Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *rīmā (“number”) or from Proto-Germanic *rīmą (“number, calculation”), both from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rey- (“to regulate, count”).

unk

Obscure

der

an ordered pile; in particular a stack of firewood


rima

Documented since the 13th century; probably from Old Occitan or from Old French. See proposed etymologies under rhyme.


pega

Attested since 1418. From Vulgar Latin peca, from Latin pīca (“magpie”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peyk- (“woodpecker; magpie”).

inh

1418, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 95

Item, thrushes and blackbirds each one a crown. Item woodpeckers and magpies and snipes, four crowns each one

Iten tordos et melrras cada hũu a coroado. Iten petos et pegas et agoanetas a quatro coroados cada ũu

Cregos, frades, pegas e choyas, do a demo tas quatro joyas (proverb)

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes o proverbios en romance:

Priests, friars, magpies and choughs, I give to the devil these four jewels

Dempois vin dúas lavandeiras que depenicaban unha espiga de trigo na leira de Xan de Pedreira, unha pomba que voaba pró souto de Fonte Boa, unha péga que fuxía de un lagarteiro, catro corvos que espaturraban un canciño morto na carballeira, un melro que asubiaba entre as follas dun cereixo, un carpinteiro que facía o burato pró seu niño; e unha laverca que rebulía no aire, con unha miñoquiña no pico.


soba

Back-formation from sobar. Compare Portuguese sova.

pegaron me unha soba, que nin a que lle deron a Cristo

1810, José Fernández y Neira, Proezas de Galicia:

they gave me a beating that not even what they gave Christ [was comparable]


tradición

tradicións (plural)
tradiçom (alternative)
tradição (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin traditio, traditionem.


carpo

(anatomy) carpal (any bone of the wrist)


tenda

[ˈt̪ɛn̪.d̪ɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese tenda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Early Medieval Latin or Late Latin tenda, from Vulgar Latin *tendita, substantivized feminine of *tenditus, as a variant form of tentus, perfect passive participle of Latin tendō.

Et nõ poderõ entrar a çibdade porlla fortolleza do lugar et dos nobres caballeyros que ende estauã, et çessarõ de conbater et poseron ende suas tendas en derredor.

1460, Rui Vasques, edited by J. A. Souto Cabo, Coronica de Iria, page 133:

But they couldn't enter the city because of the strength of the place and of the noble knights who were there, and so they stopped fighting and put their tents around

que den a uos Eluira Perez en uossa vida de tres en tres annos çinquo varas de valacyna noua ou os dineiros para ella, quantos ella custar enna tenda

1335, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 463:

they should give you, Elvira Pérez, throughout your life each three years, five yards of new Valencian cloth or the money for them, whatever it costs in the store

quaesquer que tẽe tendas enna dita porta e portal dos Oulives que as non posan tẽer çarradas salvo dous dias santos a par e qualquer que a tever çarrada mais que dous dias enna semana continuus que perga o dereito que ouver enna tenda

1418, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 124

anyone having shop at that gate and portal of the goldsmiths shall not close it except for two holidays in a row, and anyone who close it more than two consecutive days in a week shall lose any right they have to the shop

que nehũu ourives non fose ousado de tẽer forja nen forjaron en sua casa et que todos lavrasen ennas ditas tendas e portales, segundo que senpre foron acostumados

1418, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 149

no goldsmith should dare to have a forge inside his house, and every one of them shall work at his shops and portals, as it always was their use


tele

televisión

the programs broadcast via the medium of television


mester

From Old Galician-Portuguese mester (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ministerium, perhaps through Old Occitan. Cognate with Portuguese mister and Spanish menester.

Et sabede que nõ ouuerõ mester ayos, ca todo aprendíã moy bẽ de seu, quanto lles cõvĩjna.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 735:

And you must know that they didn't need tutors, because all they learned very well by themselves, everything that suited them


estrada

From Old Galician-Portuguese estrada, strada, from Late Latin strāta (“paved road”), from Latin [via] strāta, feminine of strātus.


mol

International System of Units
International System of Units#English

(chemistry, physics) mole (in the International System of Units, the base unit of amount of substance; the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12)


xa

From and older *jãa, from Latin Diāna. Cognate with Asturian xana, Old French gene, Romanian zână.

un térmeno medio entre os trasnos e as almas en pena; pero que participaban un pouco máis desta última condición, sólo que eran moi pacífecas, pois nunca se soubo que se metesen con nadie non metendose primeiro con elas. A estas pantasmas chamabanlle xás; abundaban como as moscas no mes da Agosto, e eran pola súa bondá, pouco temidas dos labregos.

1886, M. Nunez González, O muíño dos tíos Mariquiñas:

... a middle term in between elves and banshees, but a little closer to the latter ones and more peaceful, since they never messed with nobody if not disturbed first. These ghosts were called xas; they abounded as flies in August, and, because of they good temper, they were little feared by the peasants.


pai

From Old Galician-Portuguese pay, from padre, from Latin pater (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”).

Coida meu pai que me ten / debaixo do pé dereito: / Fanlle a cama no sobrado: / non sabe cando me deito.

My dad thinks that he keeps me under his right foot; but he sleeps up in the upper floor and doesn't know when I go to bed.


casco

First attested in the 13th century. Back-formation from cascar.

en guisa que llj tallou o almofar da loriga cõ hũa muy grã peça do casco

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 639:

in such a way that he cut the mail aventail together with a large piece of the casque [or skull]

eu quero mal à esta jente
einos de por en talladas
esfarelandoll'os cascos
do corpo sacarll'as almas

1671, Gabriel Feijoo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

I wish ill these people
I'll make slices of them
crushing them helmets [or skulls]
from them bodies I'll take out them souls

Quando o Cauallo ouver peeira deuen lle allinpar moy ben as huñas so as sollas do fondo do pee ataa que fique o casco moy sotil

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 147:

When the horse is ill in its foot they should clean the hooves, down under the sole of the feet, till the hoof is very subtle


ida

From Old Galician-Portuguese yda, past participle of ir.


erre

The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.


mera

Unknown. Probably from a substrate language. Compare also the hydronym Mera.


albanés

gl-noun

albanés m (plural albaneses, feminine albanesa, feminine plural albanesas)

albaneses (plural)
albanesa (feminine)
albanesas (feminine plural)
albanês (alternative)


pataca

Borrowed from Spanish patata, itself borrowed from Taíno batata.


pataca

Either from Portuguese pataca, of from its same origin.


peseta

peseta (former currency of Spain and Andorra)


dona

From Old Galician-Portuguese dona, from Late Latin domna, from Latin domina.

lady, mistress, noblewoman, gentlewoman (woman of breeding and authority)

—A túa muller é unha lercha! —Miña dona é unha santa!

—Your wife is telltale! —My lady is but a saint!

—Miñas donas e meus señores: ...


cruzado

[kɾuˈθa.ð̞ʊ]

[kɾuˈθa.ð̞ʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese cruzado, from cruz (“cross”) + -ado. Cognate with Portuguese and Spanish cruzado.

1371, A. López Carreira (ed.), Documentos do arquivo da catedral de Ourense (1289-1399), doc. 381

there were in this vineyard thirty-six baskets of grapes and compote. And that the carriage costed three barbudas each basket, amounting to a hundred and eight barbudas, which amounted in cruzados to one thousand and six hundred and twenty cruzados.

ouvo en estas viñas triinta e seys çestos de huvas e de conposta. Et que custara o carreto tres barbudas cada çesto, que montaron çento e oyto barbudas, que montaron en crusados mill e seysçentos e viinte crusados.

cruzado (old monetary unit of Castile, Portugal, Brazil)


eme

The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.


venezolano

venezolano m (plural venezolanos, feminine venezolana, feminine plural venezolanas)

venezolanos (plural)
venezolana (feminine)
venezolanas (feminine plural)


pozo

From Old Galician-Portuguese poço (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin puteus. Cognate with Portuguese poço and Spanish pozo.

Outrosy mandamos que o dicto Martin Bezerra et sua moller nen sua voz nen outro algun non posan fazer poço nen sacar agoa nen fazer algibe nen çistrenna nen otra cousa semellante para teer agoa por maneyra de bastimento dentro en a dicta casa noua nen arredor dela trijnta couedos.

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

Also, we command that neither the aforementioned Martin Becerra, nor his wife, nor their successors, nor anyone, could make a well, or extract water, or make a reservoir, or a cistern, or any other such thing for having water as a utility inside the mentioned new house, nor around it for thirty cubits.

well (hole in the ground as a source of water)


capa

From Old Galician-Portuguese capa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin cappa. Cognate with Portuguese capa and Spanish capa.

each one of the flagstones which tops a wall

Ese ten máis capas que unha cebola.


barril

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese barril, from Old French baril or Old Occitan barril.
Cognate with Portuguese, Spanish, and Catalan barril.


galga

(by extension) each one of the two semicircular spans of a traditional wheel


galga

Debated. Perhaps form galgo (“greyhound”), from Latin canem gallicum (“Gaulish dog”). Alternatively or concurrently from Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌲𐌰 (galga, “stake, pole”), or any other descendant from Proto-Germanic *galgô (“pole, stake, cross”), or from a cognate of Old French gall (“stone”) (compare French galet), perhaps of Celtic origin.
Cognate with Spanish galga.

unk

Debated

der

rolling stone; any individual rock that rolls or is rolled down a hill, historically used as a weapon

stake which in traditional carts was used as a brake or restrain when descending

(sports, traditional bowls) when the ball misses all the pins


muller

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese muller /moller, from Latin mulierem.


ripa

Attested since the 13th century. Probably from Suevic *rippia, or else from a late Visigothic cognate of it, from Proto-Germanic *ribją (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rebʰ- (“arch, ceiling, cover”).

der

1455, Ferro Couselo, X. (ed.) A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Vigo: Galaxia, page 303:
destroiron moytas casas et birtaron moytas tellas, cangos et ripias
they destroyed many houses and broke many roof tiles, rafters and ripas

lath; one of many little boards placed over the rafters for sustaining the roof tiles


ripa

Deverbal from ripar (“to rip, ripple flax”).


montón

From monte (“hill”) + -ón. Compare Portuguese montão and Spanish montón.

ton, a lot, bunch, heap, loads (a great deal; a great quantity)


nao

Attested since 1350; from Old Catalan or Old Occitan nau, from Latin navis. Doublet of nave. Compare also Portuguese nau.

nao ou baixel ou outro navio que a esta villa viesen que trouxese sal des huun milleyro e medio de sal arriba que lles desen tres faneigas grandes de sal aos ditos lazerados

1384, M. A. Comesaña Martínez, editor, O tombo do Hospital e Ermida de santa María do Camiño de Pontevedra, Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 99:

carrack or vessel or other ship that to this town came bringing salt, from a thousand and a hald of salt up, they shall give three large bushels of salt to said lepers

(nautical, historical) a three or four-masted sailing ship used all along the 15th century and early 16th; carrack


breu

From a Celtic language. Compare Spanish brea.


fala

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fala (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fābula (“discourse; narrative”).

inh+

1370, Ramón Lorenzo (ed.), Cronica troiana. A Coruña: Fundación "Pedro Barrié de la Maza, Conde de Fenosa", page 567

Till noon he didn't recover his voice nor his mind

Ata meodía nõ cobrou sua fala, nẽ seu entendemento.

Co o desexo de acordarvos, que en Galicia o seu funduxe ten a vosa nobre fruxe, vou en Gallego a falarvos: De esto non hai que estrañarvos; antes ben, facendo gala de esta nación, estimá-la, e si porque moito dista, non a conocés de vista, conocedea pola fala

1779, Diego Antonio Cernadas, Obras en Prosa y Verso, Madrid, page 315:

With the desire to make you remember that in Galicia your noble lineage has its foundation, I'm gonna speak to you in Galician: no need to wonder for this; rather, taking pride of this nation, to love it, and if because of the distance, you don't know it by sight, let's you know it by its speech.

deprende a fala francesa, ingresa ou italián, e non construie a galícea, encolle o lombo, cand'ouce falare do país en que nasceu!

1859, José Domínguez d'Esquerdo, Entonces e agora ou Coroas e cadeas do fidalgo povo galicián:

he learns the French, the English or the Italian languages, but can't elaborate in Galician, he flinches when he hears about the country where he was born!

Fai pouco tempo, e ben pouco por nosa indiferenza, qu'un feixe d'homes de vontade de ferro, axuntaronse, formando a santa e nobre Irmandade da Fala.

1917, anonymous author, A Nosa Terra, number 7:

Sometime ago, a very short time ago because of our indifference, a handful of men with an iron will, joining together, founded the holy and noble Brotherhood of the Fala.

Fala (Galician-Portuguese language of northwestern Extremadura, in Spain)


fiel

From Old Galician-Portuguese fiel, from Latin fidēlis.


préstamo

From Late Latin praestamum, from Latin praestō (“I provide”).

(linguistics) loanword, foreign word, borrowing


peito

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peito, from Latin pectus (“chest, breast”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”). Compare Portuguese peito.


peito

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peito, from Latin pactum (“pact”).


leito

From Old Galician-Portuguese leito, from Latin lectus. Cognate with Portuguese leito and Spanish lecho.

Estouche feita un Calabre,
èas vagoas dos ôllos cán
à cantos me ben no Leyto:
aÿ miña Virxen da Paz!

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

I'm but a cadaver now,
And tears fall from the eyes
Of everyone who see me in bed
Oh, my Virgin of Peace!

(masonry) bed (lower surface of an ashlar, brick, etc)


leite

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leite m, from Late Latin lactem m or f, from Latin lac n. Compare Portuguese leite m, Spanish leche f, and French lait m.

El tráenos leite cada mañá.


noite

noites (plural)
note (alternative)
noute (alternative)
nuite (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese noite, from Latin noctem, nox, from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts. Cognate with Portuguese noite and Spanish noche.

night; period of dark, when the sun is below the horizon


pinga

non pode querer ó noso Rey que lle paguemos un carto polo neto do viño, que non podemos vender á ochavo. Os probes non comemos mais ca un pouco de pan, ou bróa ruin, e unhas berzas sin adubo. Si nos quita a pinga do viño, ¿que forza emos ter para traballar as terras?

1805, anonymous, Representación dos veciños da Pontedeva (in Ramón Mariño Paz, 2008, Papés d'emprenta condenada. A escrita galega entre 1797 e 1846, page 21-23)

our King can't pretend that we pay a quarter by each pint of wine [we consume], when we can't even sell it for half a quarter. We the poor people eat but a little of bread, or bad black bread, and some greens without seasoning. If He takes this drop of wine, what strength we'll have left for working the lands?


sella

sellas (plural)
senlla (alternative)
silla (alternative)

wooden conical vessel, reinforced with hoops, used for keeping or transporting fresh water


toa

Attested circa 1450. From toar, from Old French toer, from Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to pull”). Compare English tow.


venta

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ventãa, from Vulgar Latin *ventana, derived from Latin ventus. Compare Portuguese ventã, Spanish ventana. Doublet of ventá.

Xâ me bas inchando as bentas. Fariña e[u] nome enfado, senon que digo as verdades

1822, anonymous author, A Parola Polêteca:

You are swelling my nostrils. Fariña, I don't get mad, instead, I tell the truths

Dimpois de comer dúas cuncas de caldo, deitouse na cama, sacou da faltrica do chaleque dous cigarros e unha navalla e liando un pito, púxose a fumegar polas ventas das narices, o mesmo có tren.

1891, José Barral Campos, O amigo de S. Pedro:

After eating two bowls of broth he laid down on the bed; he took two cigars and a pocket knife from the vest's pocket and, rolling a cigarette, began to throw smoke by the nostrils, not unlike a train


vinda

From Old Galician-Portuguese viĩda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): participle of the verb vir.

por Deus, o grã prazer que ey de uosa vijnda, nõ mo tornedes en pesar et en doo

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 729:

by God, the great pleasure I have because of your arrival, don't turn it into pain and mourning!


malva

mallow (any plant of the family Malvaceae)


parábola

Learned borrowing from Late Latin parabola, from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ). Doublet of palabra. The mathematical sense is taken from New Latin or directly from Greek.


cetro

From Latin scēptrum, from Ancient Greek σκῆπτρον (skêptron).


febre

From Old Galician-Portuguese febre, fever (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin febris, febrem (“fever”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷhris or *bʰebʰris.

(medicine) fever (high body temperature due to disease)

(figuratively) fever, craze (a temporary passion for a new amusement or fashion)


boia

Borrowed from Old French buie, from Frankish *baukn, from Proto-Germanic *baukną (“sign”).


mastín

From Old Galician-Portuguese mastin (13th century), from Old French mastin (modern French mâtin (“guard dog”)), from Vulgar Latin *mansuetīnus (“tamed (animal)”), from Latin mansuetus (“tamed”).


cella

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?] (compare Portuguese celha), from Latin cilia (compare Spanish ceja), from cilium.


feo

feos (plural)
feno (alternative)
freo (alternative)
feio (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese fẽo, from Latin faenum (“hay”). Cognate with Portuguese feno, Spanish heno.

Jtem. deue o potro comer feo, palla, herua, orio, auea, espelqa, que quer dizer melga, et as qousas semellauelles a esto, que naturalmente som para seu comer.

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 61:

Item. The foal must eat hay, straw, grass, barley, oat, spelt —that is, melga— and things that are similar to these, which are naturally for them to eat


morto

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese morto, from Vulgar Latin *mortu(s), from Latin mortuum, perfect active participle of morior (“I die”). Corresponds to Proto-Indo-European *mr̥twós, *mr̥tós (“dead, mortal”), *mr̥tó-, ultimately from *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with Portuguese morto and Spanish muerto.


bou

Se vou a Bueu nun bou, vou. Se non vou nun bou, non vou. [sɪˈβowɐβuˈewnumˈbowˈβow sɪnʊmˈbownum'bownʊm'bow]

[A Galician tongue-twister]: If I'll go to Bueu in a bou, I'll go; but if I won't go in a bou, I won't go.

(fishing) trawler used for pair trawling


cera

From Old Galician-Portuguese cera, from Latin cēra.


nora

gl-noun

nora f (plural noras, masculine xenro, masculine plural xenros)

noras (plural)
xenro (masculine)
xenros (masculine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese nora, already attested in local Medieval Latin documents since the 9th century; from Vulgar Latin *nŏra, from Late Latin nura, from Classical Latin nurus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *snusós.


sarna

Attested since the 15th century. From Late Latin sarna, probably from Paleo-Hispanic.

Auen aas uezes que eno collo et eno rrabo do Cauallo fazese sarna et proido que lle arriga da Reiz os cabellos et tanto o faz esfregar que se esfolla en todo.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 121:

Sometimes in the neck and the tail of the horse there is scabies and itch that tear up the hairs by the roots, and made him rub so much that he even flays himself


transformación

transformación f (plural transformacións)

transformacións (plural)
transformaçom (alternative)
transformação (alternative)

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin trānsfōrmātiō, trānsfōrmātiōnem, from Latin trānsfōrmō.


vedro

From Old Galician-Portuguese vedro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin veterus, from Latin vetus (“old”).

old walls, hedges and partitions no longer in use

todos los bees e herdamentos e arbores e bouças e vedros e herança que ficou de Johan Franco

1410, “Estudios Mindonienses”, in J. García Oro, editor, Viveiro en los siglos XIV y XV. La Colección Diplomática de Santo Domingo de Viveiro, page 66:

every possession, inheritance and trees and uncultivated lands and vedros and heritages of Xoán Franco

communal lands, usually bushland, eventually planted with wheat or rye

asy commo fuy acostumado de vedro

1289, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 113:


palmo

From Old Galician-Portuguese palmo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin palmus. Cognate with Portuguese and Spanish palmo and Catalan pam and palm.

1390, José Luís Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133

He had a handspan and a half in his face, and in the beard a handspan, and half a handspan in the nose; and in the front he had one handspan and a little more

Et avia ẽno rrostro hũu palmo et meo en longo et ẽna barua hũu palmo, et ẽno nariz hũu meo palmo; et ẽna testa hũu palmo et pouquo mais

Et se algũu quiser dar algũu pano de lenço para cobrir o altar de Santiago, deueo a dar de noue palmos en ancho et de viinte et hũu en longo.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 159:

And if anyone would want to give a cloth of linen for covering Saint Jame's altar, it must be nine handspans in wide and twenty-one in long

(historical) palmo, Spanish span, traditional Spanish unit of length

(games) pitch and toss, a game in which coins are thrown at a mark


testo

From Old Galician-Portuguese testo (13th c., Galician texts), from Latin testum.

dou lle hũ tal colpe [per] çima do elmo que a espada entrou ata o testo da cabeça

1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 137

He hit so hard over the helm that the sword entered till the pot [skull] of the head

amasa todo en huun et cozeo en ola noua ben cuberta de huun testo, que non posa ende sayr bafo nen fumo

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 141:

knead everything together and cook it in a new pot, well covered by a lid, so that steam or smoke don't come out


mada

madas (plural)
manda (alternative)
meada (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese mãada, from Latin manuata (“a handful”). Cognate with Spanish manada and Italian manata.


luar

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *lewk-
Proto-Indo-European *-sneh₂
Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂
Proto-Italic *louksnā
Latin lūna
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālis
Latin -āris
Latin lūnāris
Old Galician-Portuguese lũar
Galician luar
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lũar, from Latin lūnāris (“of the moon”). Compare Portuguese luar.


ganso

gl-noun

ganso m (plural gansos, feminine gansa, feminine plural gansas)

gansos (plural)
gansa (feminine)
gansas (feminine plural)

From Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃 (*gans, “goose”), from Proto-Germanic *gans (“goose”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns.