melena

Unknown. Perhaps ultimately from Arabic, or from a substrate language.

pelt cushion which protects the head of an ox when yoked


melena

Learned borrowing from Latin melēna, from Ancient Greek μέλαινα (mélaina, “black”).


cranio

From Medieval Latin crānium (“skull”), from Ancient Greek κρανίον (kraníon, “skull”).


crocodilo

From Latin crocodīlus, from Ancient Greek κροκόδειλος (krokódeilos).


libélula

Learned borrowing from Latin lībellula, diminutive form of lībella (“balance”).


terrorista

gl-noun

terrorista m or f by sense (plural terroristas)


psiquiatra

psiquiatra m or f by sense (plural psiquiatras)


camelo

camelo m (plural camelos, feminine camela, feminine plural camelas)

camelos (plural)
camela (feminine)
camelas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese camelo, from Vulgar Latin *camēllus, from Latin camēlus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal-. Cognate with Portuguese camelo and Spanish camello.


peón

peón m (plural peóns, feminine peona, feminine plural peonas)

peóns (plural)
peona (feminine)
peonas (feminine plural)
peom (alternative)
peão (alternative)
pión (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin pedōnem (“pedestrian”), from Latin ped- (“foot”).

inh+

piece, token, or man (in board games)
(chess) pawn

piece, token, or man (in board games)
pawn

piece, token, or man (in board games)
(checkers) piece, checker, draughtsman

piece, token, or man (in board games)
piece, checker, draughtsman


boxeadora

gl-noun

boxeadora f (plural boxeadoras, masculine boxeador, masculine plural boxeadores)

boxeadoras (plural)
boxeador (masculine)
boxeadores (masculine plural)


boxeador

boxeador m (plural boxeadores, feminine boxeadora, feminine plural boxeadoras)

boxeadores (plural)
boxeadora (feminine)
boxeadoras (feminine plural)


motorista

motorista m or f by sense (plural motoristas)


incendio

incendios (plural)
incêndio (alternative)


amarelo

[ɐ.mɐˈɾɛ.lʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese amarelo (“yellow”), from Early Medieval Latin amārellus (“yellowish, pale”), derived from Latin amārus (“bitter”).


pomba

From Old Galician-Portuguese poomba (13th century: Cantigas de Santa Maria), from earlier Old Galician-Portuguese paomba, from Proto-Ibero-Romance palomba, from Vulgar Latin palumba, from Latin palumbus, from Proto-Indo-European *pal-wo (“dark-colored, gray”).


pombo

From Old Galician-Portuguese *poombo, Old Galician-Portuguese *paombo, from Latin palumbus, from Proto-Indo-European *pal-wo (“dark-colored, gray”).


cripta

Learned borrowing from Latin crypta from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós). Doublet of gruta.


crisma

From Late Latin chrisma, from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma).

(Christianity) chrism (holy oil used in certain ceremonies)


crisma

o chosco decía que en saíndo da cadea lle iba a desfacer a crisma

the one-eyed was saying that upon being released of jail he was going to undo his head


cristo

From Old Galician-Portuguese Cristo, from Late Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós), proper noun use of χριστός (khristós, “the anointed one”), calqued after Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšīaḥ, “anointed”).


cidade-estado

gl-noun

cidade-estado f (plural cidades-estados)


cerra

Back-formation from cerrar. Doublet of zarra.


astrónomo

astrónomo m (plural astrónomos, feminine astrónoma, feminine plural astrónomas)

astrónomos (plural)
astrónoma (feminine)
astrónomas (feminine plural)

From Latin astronomus, from Ancient Greek ἀστρονόμος (astronómos).


orquídea

From New Latin Orchideae, Orchidaceae, an irregular formation from Latin orchis, from Ancient Greek ὄρχις (órkhis, “orchid, testicle”).


claustrofobia

From Latin claustrum (“enclosure”, “closed space”) + -fobia.

claustrophobia (fear of closed, tight places)


sonâmbulo

sonâmbulos (plural)
sonâmbula (feminine)
sonâmbulas (feminine plural)


freixo

freixos (plural)
afreixo (alternative)
freisno (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin fraxinus; from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥Hǵ-s-inos, adjective of *bʰerHǵos (“birch”). Cognate with Portuguese freixo and Spanish fresno.

pelos casares do Outeyro e pela fonte do Lubus ome e pelo freixeo que stá acima da viña que foy de Pay Arias

1279, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 37:

by the houses of Outeiro and by the fountain of the werewolf and by the ash tree that is over the vineyard that belonged to Pay Arias


nogueira

Attested since 1150. From Late Latin arbor nucāria, from nucārius, from Latin nux (“nut”). Compare Portuguese nogueira, Spanish noguera, French noyer.


cacto

Borrowed from Latin cactus, from Ancient Greek κάκτος (káktos, “cardoon”).


eucalipto

eucaliptos (plural)
olcalitro (alternative)


oliveira

Attested since the 14th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, but influenced by a Mozarabic form; ultimately from Latin [arbor] olīvāria, from olīva (“an olive”).


coller

From Old Galician-Portuguese cullar, colhar, from Latin cochleārem (“spoon”).


salgueiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin *salicārius, from Latin salix (“willow”).


mirto

Attested since circa 1390. From Latin myrtus, from Ancient Greek μύρτος (múrtos).

Et d'estas septe couselas saeẽ delas septe lumes, et nõ entrã en elas senõ olio de basmo ou de mirto ou de ouliua

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 167:

And outside from these seven receptacles seven fires burn, and nothing but oil of balsam or myrtle or olive enters in them


franco

gl-noun

franco m (plural francos, feminine franca, feminine plural francas)

francos (plural)
franca (feminine)
francas (feminine plural)

From Late Latin francus (“Frankish”), from Frankish *Franko (“a Frank”), from Proto-Germanic *frankô (“javelin”).
The adjectival forms, from Old French franc (“free”).

uendo, segundo dito he, por doze francos d'ouro da moneda del rey de França

1401, M. Lucas Alvarez; M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 276

I sell, as said, for twelve francs of gold, of the coinage of the king of France

franc (former currency of France and other countries)


viso

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 281

But Achilles could hardly view, because his sight was clouded because of the blood that exits him without measure

Pero Achilles moy adur podia veer, ca o viso se lle toruaua por la sangre que se lle saya sen mesura

(archaic) vision, seeing, sight, eyesight

quando chegou aos visos altos que som alende da ponte, deceu cõ hũu daquelles caualeyros que leuaua

1390, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 806:

when he arrived to one of those high vantage points that are beyond the bridge, he descended with one of those knights he kept with him


infante

infante m (plural infantes, feminine infanta, feminine plural infantas)

infantes (plural)
infanta (feminine)
infantas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese infante, a borrowing from Latin īnfantem (“infant”). Cognate with Portuguese, Spanish, and Italian infante, French enfant.

cog

prince, infante (the son of a king in Spain and Portugal)


infante

(archaic) princess (the daughter of a king in Spain and Portugal)

Vilanova dos Infantes

place name: Vilanova das Infantes, originally


presa

Feminine of preso (“imprisoned; captured; bound; prisoner”), from Latin prehensus (“seized”).

vn rromeu alamã cõ outros de sua cõpana tomou hũa grã presa de dineiros de prata et ofereçeos sobre la cousela da cabeça de Santiago

1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C, page 1:

a pilgrim from Germany, with others from his group, took a large handful of silver coins and offered them over the receptacle of the head of [the statue representing] Saint James

1382, M. Mar Graña Cid (ed.), Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500). Ferrol: Estudios Mindonienses, page 181

and in the other side it limits by the water that runs by the canal of the mill of Veiga

et doutra parte departese porla agoa que vay porla presa do moyno de Veyga

catch (something which is captured or caught)

female equivalent of preso (“female prisoner”)


camisa

From Old Galician-Portuguese camisa, from Late Latin camisia, borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *hamiþi, from *hamō + *-iþi.


crosta

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin crusta, from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”).

crust (any solid, hard surface layer; outer layer of bread and pastry)

(geology) crust (outermost layer of a planet)


calzón

calzóns (plural)
calçom (alternative)
calção (alternative)

Attested since the 14th century, as a surname. From calza + -ón.

(also in the plural) underwear, underpants


expositor

gl-noun

expositor m (plural expositores, feminine expositora, feminine plural expositoras)

expositores (plural)
expositora (feminine)
expositoras (feminine plural)


expositor

display, cardboard display, display stand, display case, showcase (device, furniture or marketing-oriented bulk packaging for visual presentation for sales promotion)


PIB

produto interior bruto
produto interior bruto#Galician

(economics) Acronym of produto interior bruto (“GDP (gross domestic product)”).


cuestión

Learned borrowing from Latin quaestiōnem.

lbor

a matter for concern; issue to be addressed


cubano

gl-noun

cubano m (plural cubanos, feminine cubana, feminine plural cubanas)

cubanos (plural)
cubana (feminine)
cubanas (feminine plural)


camarón

camaróns (plural)
camarom (alternative)
camarão (alternative)

From Latin cammārus (“lobster”) + -ón, ultimately from Ancient Greek κάμμαρος (kámmaros).


siciliano

siciliano m (plural sicilianos, feminine siciliana, feminine plural sicilianas)

sicilianos (plural)
siciliana (feminine)
sicilianas (feminine plural)


siciliano

Sicilian (Romance language spoken in Sicily)


rubo

From Latin rubus, from Proto-Italic *wruðos, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰo- (“sweetbriar”).


raso

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin rāsus.


alcachofa

alcachofas (plural)
alcachofra (alternative)


adverbio

adverbios (plural)
advérbio (alternative)


transexual

transexual m or f by sense (plural transexuais)


inquilino

inquilino m (plural inquilinos, feminine inquilina, feminine plural inquilinas)

inquilinos (plural)
inquilina (feminine)
inquilinas (feminine plural)

From Latin inquilīnus (“tenant, lodger”).

tenant (one who pays a fee to use land or live somewhere)


velho

velhos (plural)
velha (feminine)
velhas (feminine plural)


galo

From Old Galician-Portuguese galo, from Latin gallus.


atleta

Learned borrowing from Latin āthlēta, from Ancient Greek ἀθλητής (athlētḗs).


damasco

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese damasco, from Damasco (“Damascus”).


zapping

From the gerund form zapping of English zap.

zapping, channel hopping, channel surfing


felino

Learned borrowing from Latin fēlīnus (“feline”), from fēlēs (“cat”).


presenza

presenzas (plural)
presença (alternative)

[pɾeˈs̺ɛn̪.θɐ]

[pɾeˈs̺ɛn̪.θɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese presença (independently attested in both corpora), from Latin praesentia.


comestible

comestibles (plural)
comestível (alternative)
comestíbel (alternative)

Borrowed from Late Latin comestibilis, from Latin comedō (“I eat”).

(usually in the plural) comestible, edible


persa

From Latin Persa, Persēs, from Ancient Greek Περσίς (Persís), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (p-a-r-s /Pārsa/, “Persia”).


marmelo

From Old Galician-Portuguese marmelo, from Latin melimelum (“sweet apple”), from Ancient Greek μελίμηλον (melímēlon), from μέλι (méli, “honey”) + μῆλον (mêlon, “apple”).


temperatura

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.


rula

Onomatopoeic. Compare Portuguese rola and Spanish arrullar.

turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur)

collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto)

Ámote, miña rula


occidente

Learned borrowing from Latin occidēns, occidēntem (“the west”).

the western portion of a territory or region


malato

Attested since the 13th century. From Old French malade, from Latin male habitus (“having a sickness”). Cognate with French malade and Italian malato.

der

eu, biſpo don Martin de Lugo da una parte, τ os malateſ do burgo de Sam Pedro de Portomarim da outra parte, por nome Pedro ó malate, con tódolos outroſ deſſa malatarya que ſun τ que am de uij́r

1267, M. Sponer (ed.), "Documentos antiguos de Galicia", in Anuari de l'Oficina Románica de Lingüística i Literatura (Barcelona), 7, pp. 113-192

I, bishop Don Martín of Lugo, from one side; and the lepers of the burg of Saint Peter of Portomarín, on the other side, namely Peter the leper, with all the rest of this leprosarium, the ones that there are now and they who will come

malato, coxo, nẽ cego, nẽ mãco, nẽ uil

c. 1300, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 203:

[nor] leper, [nor] lame, nor blind, nor maimed, nor vile person


semente

Attested since the 13th century. From Latin sēmentis, sēmentem.


portugués

gl-noun

portugués m (plural portugueses, feminine portuguesa, feminine plural portuguesas)

portugueses (plural)
portuguesa (feminine)
portuguesas (feminine plural)
português (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese portuguees, portugaes, from the older form portogales: Portugal + -és.


portugués

O portugués e máis o galego son linguas irmás.

Portuguese and Galician are sister languages.


española

female equivalent of español, a female Spaniard


andorrano

andorrano m (plural andorranos, feminine andorrana, feminine plural andorranas)

andorranos (plural)
andorrana (feminine)
andorranas (feminine plural)


monegasco

monegasco m (plural monegascos, feminine monegasca, feminine plural monegascas)

monegascos (plural)
monegasca (feminine)
monegascas (feminine plural)


maltés

maltés m (plural malteses, feminine maltesa, feminine plural maltesas)

malteses (plural)
maltesa (feminine)
maltesas (feminine plural)
maltês (alternative)


irlandés

irlandés m (plural irlandeses, feminine irlandesa, feminine plural irlandesas)

irlandeses (plural)
irlandesa (feminine)
irlandesas (feminine plural)
irlandês (alternative)


irlandés

irlandeses (plural)
irlandês (alternative)


museo

O Museo do Pobo Galego.


verdura

[beɾˈð̞u.ɾɐ]

Attested since circa 1300. From verde (“green”) + -ura or from Late Latin *virdura.

Et diz Jeronymo que ẽno tẽpo do emperador Teodosio que verde era ajnda esta aruore, et despoys que se secou, et pero que perdera a verdura, que bõo era o fuste del pera moytas cousas de [meeziñas].

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 191:

And Jerome says that in times of emperor Theodosius this tree was still green, and that it later dried up, and that even if it had lost its verdure, its wood was good for many medicinal things

(countable or uncountable) greens; vegetable, especially a leafy vegetable


laboratorio

laboratorios (plural)
laboratório (alternative)


pelota

From Old Occitan pelota or Old French pelote, from Latin pila (“ball”).

tijña ẽna mão hũa pelota pequena, et asynaua pera a deytar á agia, et ela fogía et voaua ata que a pelota passaua per ela

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 440:

he hold in his hand a small ball, and he was making signals to throw it to the eagle, and the eagle fled and flew until the ball passed by

an abnormal growth in the legs of the cattle

(figurative, vulgar, usually in the plural) testicle


monumento

From Old Galician-Portuguese monumento (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), borrowed from Latin monumentum in substitution of the inherited mõimento. Compare the toponyms Moimenta, Muimenta.

Cantigas de Santa Maria
Spanish Civil War


terremoto

terremotos (plural)
terramoto (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin terraemotus.


precedente

[pɾe.θeˈð̞ɛn̪.t̪ɪ]

[pɾe.θeˈð̞ɛn̪.t̪ɪ]


cartón

cartóns (plural)
cartom (alternative)
cartão (alternative)

First attested in 1813. From carta + -ón; compare Spanish cartón and Portuguese cartão.

Meigas, feitizos e bruxas
que persigue a Inquisicion,
sin mascara, socaliñas
de cregos e frades son.
Chamanlles bruxas à ás vellas
por ter cara de carton;
pero solamente hay meygas
en donde hay Inquisicion.
As femias da nosa especie
de certa constitucion
fan visaxes, e son tolas,
pero feitizeiras non.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos dun galego:

Witches, spells and hexes,
who are prosecuted by the Inquisition,
maskless, hoaxes
of priests and friars are.
They call hex an old lady
because her face is made of cardboard;
but there are witches
just where it is Inquisition.
Females of our species,
of certain constitution,
make gestures, and are mad,
but sorceresses they are not.

Quero un cartón de leite de vaca.


artista

gl-noun

artista m or f by sense (plural artistas)


corpiño

corpiños (plural)
corpinho (alternative)

From corpo + iño, diminutive of corpo ("body").

comprarein na vila cousas a desexo: corpiño, manguiñas, cintiñas, ourelos, e mais unha coifa e mais un espello

1746, frei Martín Sarmiento, Coloquio de 24 gallegos rústicos:

I'll buy in town everything I'd wish: bodice, sleeves, ribbons, borders, and a coif and a mirror


ginecologia

reintegrationist spelling of xinecoloxía


veterinario

veterinario m (plural veterinarios, feminine veterinaria, feminine plural veterinarias)

veterinarios (plural)
veterinaria (feminine)
veterinarias (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin veterinarius.


cumha

head

cumha f (feminine plural cumhas, masculine cum, masculine plural cuns)

cumhas (feminine plural)
cum (masculine)
cuns (masculine plural)


esterno

From New Latin sternum, from Ancient Greek στέρνον (stérnon, “chest, breastbone, heart”), from Proto-Indo-European *stern- (“forehead, chest, side”).


encantador

gl-noun

encantador m (plural encantadores, feminine encantadora, feminine plural encantadoras)

encantadores (plural)
encantadora (feminine)
encantadoras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese encantador (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin incantātor (“enchanter, soothsayer”).


estremo

13th century. From Latin extrēmus (“extreme”). Doublet of extremo.

huun agro que chaman ho agro das Leyras, que ias fora desta outra herdade do casal, que he do dito noso mosteyro, commo estrema et departe, por seus marcos, estremos et devisoes

1492, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Monasterio de San Salvador de Pedroso en tierras de Trasancos. Colección documental, A Coruña: Deputación, page 298:

a field which is called Agro das Leiras, which is outside this other property of O Casal, which belongs to this monastery, as it limits by its landmarks, boundaries and divisions

ditch or strip of land which constitute a boundary in between properties


pan

pans (plural)
pão (alternative)
pam (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese pan, from Latin pānis, pānem. Cognate with Portuguese pão.

1418, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 95

the bakers must make bread for a denarius that must weight six ounces once baked and said bread must be good and well baked

que façan as paadeiras pan de dineiro que pese seis onças desque for cosido et que seja o dito pan bõo et ben cosido

et este pan deue a seer qual o Deus der no logar et seer linpo de palla et de poo, d'eruellada et de mosceyra, et deue a seer ben seco et ben linpo et bõõ pan

1276, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Dominguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 375:

and this grain must be that that God gives at that place, and it must be clean of chaff and dust, of vetch and fodder, and it must be well dry and well clean and good grain

A Eluira, I moyo de pan do nouo, de qual ouueren, e I bacoro

1301, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 52:

To Elvira, one modius of grain of the new harvest, whichever they happen to have there, and one piglet


vasca

Attested since the 18th century. From Proto-Celtic *wā(d)-sko- (“to press”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰH- (“strike”).

(frequently in the plural) gag reflex, nausea


fonda

Attested since the 13th century. From Latin funda. Doublet of funda. Cognate with Portuguese funda and Spanish honda.

Et desque os moços forõ creçendo, treuellauã et loytauã moytas vezes hũu cõ o outro, et lançauã as pedras cõ as fondas segundo que fazẽ os moços.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 47:

And as the boys were growing up, they played and wrestled together frequently, and threw stones with slings as boys do


mostra

From Old Galician-Portuguese mostra (“show”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), in turn deverbal from mostrar.


avenida

Borrowed from Spanish avenida, from French avenue, from Old French avenue (feminine past participle of avenir (“approach”)), from Latin advenīre (“come to”, from ad (“to”) + venīre (“come”)).

der

feminine past participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">avenir</i> (“approach”)


defunto

gl-noun

defunto m (plural defuntos, feminine defunta, feminine plural defuntas)

defuntos (plural)
defunta (feminine)
defuntas (feminine plural)

Attested since circa 1400. Learned borrowing from Latin (vītā) dēfūnctus (“he who has finished [life]”).

lbor

a dita Ynes Ferrandes ouue e reçebeu en sy todos los bêês moueles que foron e quedaron do dito defunto

1432, M. Lucas Alvarez, M. J. Justo Martín, editors, Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 321:

said Inés Fernández had and received by herself all of the personal property that were and belonged to said deceased


hamburguesa

Hamburger; female equivalent of hamburgués


magro

From Old Galician-Portuguese magro, magre (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin macrum, accusative singular of macer, from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós.


defensor

gl-noun

defensor m (plural defensores, feminine defensora, feminine plural defensoras)

defensores (plural)
defensora (feminine)
defensoras (feminine plural)


león

leóns (plural)
leom (alternative)
leão (alternative)


torto

From Old Galician-Portuguese torto, from Latin tortus, from torqueō. Cognate with Portuguese torto and Spanish tuerto.

(archaic, law) offense, harm; injustice, wrong, tort


abade

abade m (plural abades, feminine abadesa, feminine plural abadesas)

abades (plural)
abadesa (feminine)
abadesas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese abade, from Latin abbātem, accusative singular of abbās (“abbot”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs, “father”), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).


queimada

a local traditional drink made from augardente, cane sugar, herbs, lemon peel, coffee beans and optionally other spices; it is set alight before drinking, so reducing its alcohol content and adding nuances to the flavor


demagogo

demagogo m (plural demagogos, feminine demagoga, feminine plural demagogas)

demagogos (plural)
demagoga (feminine)
demagogas (feminine plural)


coadjutor

coadjutores (plural)
coadjutora (feminine)
coadjutoras (feminine plural)


canela

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin cannella, diminutive of canna (“reed, cane”). Cognate with Portuguese canela, Spanish canilla, Catalan canell

Et aquel jnstrumẽto cõ que tangia Mercurio era nouo, et avia em el sete canelas

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, page 254:

That instrument Mercury was playing with was new, and it has seven pipes in it


DIU

dispositivo intrauterino
dispositivo intrauterino#Galician

Acronym of dispositivo intrauterino (“IUD (intrauterine device)”).


olmo

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin ulmus.


casal

From Old Galician-Portuguese casal, from Late Latin casāle (“country house, farm”), ultimately from Latin casa. Compare Portuguese casal, Spanish casal, Italian casale, Old French chesal.

inh

homestead (a house together with surrounding land and buildings)


fascista

(figuratively) a person who behaves like a dictator; Nazi


comunista

gl-noun

comunista m or f by sense (plural comunistas)


marxista

marxista m or f by sense (plural marxistas)


paraíso

paraísos (plural)
paradiso (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese parayso, from Latin paradīsus, from Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos), from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.


vinagre

[biˈnɑ.ɣ̞ɾɪ]

[biˈnɑ.ɣ̞ɾɪ]

Attested since the 14th century. Probably ultimately borrowed from Old Catalan vinagre, from Latin vīnum ācre (“sour wine”).

Item devo a Johan Pardo et aa moller que foy de Johan de Furelos os diñeiros de qatorze moyos de vinagre a quatorze libras e media cada moyo et elles devem a min çinqoeenta et seis libras.

1370, A. López Carreira, editor, Documentos do arquivo da catedral de Ourense (1289-1399), page 379:

Item, I owe Xoán Pardo and the wife of late Xoán de Furelos the money of fourteen modii of vinegar, paid at fourteen pounds and a half each modius, and they owe me fifty-six pounds


aneto

From Latin anethum, from Ancient Greek ἄνηθον (ánēthon).


avestruz

From ave (< Latin avis) + From Old Galician-Portuguese estruz (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), borrowed from Old Occitan estrutz, from Latin struthio, from Ancient Greek στρουθίων (strouthíōn).


revolución

revolucións (plural)
revoluçom (alternative)
revolução (alternative)

Borrowed from Late Latin revolūtiō, revolūtiōnem, from Latin revolvō.


neerlandés

gl-noun

neerlandés m (plural neerlandeses, feminine neerlandesa, feminine plural neerlandesas)

neerlandeses (plural)
neerlandesa (feminine)
neerlandesas (feminine plural)
neerlandês (alternative)


vizo

From Old Galician-Portuguese viço, from Latin vitium (this form possibly semi-learned; compare the doublet vezo (“vice”)), from Proto-Indo-European *wi-tio-, from *wei (“guilt, vice, fault”). Also doublet of vicio.


tronco

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin truncus (“trunk”).

se aquel que eſta herança ouuer de auer for sandeu ou deſtruydor de seus bẽes, que se torne ao outro do tronco a que perteeſçeu

1409, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 113

if the one who this heirloom would have is foolish or a destroyer of his goods, then it must be turned to another one of the main line to which it belonged


labirinto

From Latin labyrinthus, from Ancient Greek λαβύρινθος (labúrinthos).

(figuratively) anything complicated or confusing, like a maze


lampo

Perhaps from figo lampo (“early fig”), figs that ripen by the day of Saint John of June, when bonfires and lamps (Medieval Galician lampaas) are lit.


lapo

slap (a blow, especially one given with the open hand, or with something broad and flat)


lardo

Attested since 1409. From Latin lardum, laridum.

para o cavalo soo en ũa casa por dous ou tres dias ou máis, e non coma nen beba. Depois dalle a comer do lardo do porco salpreso quanto del quiser, ca, por razon da fame e do lardo salgado, ligeiramente e de grado comerá

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 172:

have the horse alone in a house for two or three days or more. Then, give him salted pork lard, as much as it wants, since, because of hunger it will eat eagerly and promptly


cardamomo

From Latin cardamōmum, from Ancient Greek καρδάμωμον (kardámōmon).


arpista

arpista m or f by sense (plural arpistas)


mexicana

female equivalent of mexicano (“Mexican”)


formiga

formigas (plural)
forniga (alternative)
furmía (alternative)
furmiga (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese formiga, from Latin formīca, from Proto-Italic *mormīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-.
Compare Portuguese formiga and Spanish hormiga,

etymon

Unha formiguiña senlleira e angueirosa, bulindo por antre a herbaxe ollóu, sen facer bruído ningún, como xacía Rasgulkje impotente

1958, Xosé Luis Méndez Ferrín, Percival e outras historias:

A solitary and hard-working little ant, cruising by the grasses, saw, making no sound, how Rasgulkje laid helpless


tiburón

tiburóns (plural)
tabeirón (alternative)
tiburom (alternative)
tiburão (alternative)

Probably borrowed from Portuguese tubarão; see that entry and Spanish tiburón for more.


afta

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄφθα (áphtha, “mouth ulcer”).


gaiola

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin caveola, diminutive from Latin cavea. Doublet of xaula, which was borrowed through French.


indiano

gl-noun

indiano m (plural indianos, feminine indiana, feminine plural indianas)

indianos (plural)
indiana (feminine)
indianas (feminine plural)

local who has come back from the Americas, frequently with a sizeable capital


mao

From Old Galician-Portuguese mão, from Latin manus.


intemperie

As redes sociais popularizaron a historia de dúas irmás arxentinas de 67 e 62 anos que se perderon na selva. Pasaron dúas noites á intemperie sen apenas alimentos.

2019 August 30, “Dúas irmás arxentinas pérdense na selva e piden axuda a través dun vídeo”, in TVG:

Social networks popularized the story of two Argentinian sisters of 67 and 62 years who got lost in the jungle. They spent two nights in the outdoors with hardly any food.


cai

From Old French kay, from Gaulish *kagyum, cagiíun (“enclosure”), from Proto-Celtic *kagyom (“pen, enclosure”).


nai

From Old Galician-Portuguese mãy, influenced by the archaic nana (“mother”), from Latin mater. Cognate of Portuguese mãe.

Apuntamentos para axenda mental de hoxe: rifa coa miña nai. A ver por que lle ten que ir contando ela a ninguén que precisei psiquiatra despois da miña separación?

2016, Xurxo Sierra Veloso, Os fíos, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN:

Appointment in today's TODO mental schedule: arguing with my mother. Why she has to go around telling anyone that I needed a psychiatrist after my separation?


chao

From Old Galician-Portuguese chão, from Latin planus (“flat”).

Alternative form of chan (“plain, plateau; ground”)


veleno

velenos (plural)
veriño (alternative)
veneno (alternative)

One way or another from Latin venēnum, but not as an inherited form. Possibly borrowed from Portuguese or Spanish veneno with subsequent dissimilation of /n/. Cf. also the medieval vinino.

Home pequeno, fol de veleno


sucho

(dated) piston used for extracting water

peashooter or toy syringe or squirt gun composed by a tube and a piston


fechadura

Attested since the 14th century: fechar (“to lock”) + -dura. Cognate with Portuguese fechadura.

O qual liuro o dito señor arçibispo disso que mandaua que senpre seuese ẽno dito thesouro pregado e fechado con cadea de ferro e con fechadura, en tal maneira que fosse ben gardado.

1396, Alexandra Cabana Outeiro, editor, O Tombo H da catedral de Santiago. Documentos anteriores a 1397, Valga: Concello de Valga, page 138:

the lord archbishop said that the aforementioned book must be always in the said treasury, closed and locked with an iron chain and with a lock, so that it is correctly kept

des moravedis por hũa fechadura et hũu ferrollo

1418, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 117

pechadura (“pecho”)


tola

From Proto-Celtic *tullon, *tullos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Compare Spanish tollo (“hole”), Welsh twll, Breton toull, Irish toll.

der

dam in a ditch, used for directing the waters

heap of clogs and brushwood which is burned down, its ashes later used as fertilizer


tripa

Unknown. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tripa (first attested in the 14th century).

inh+

Et deulle tã grã ferida cõ hũa lança que tragía que a loriga nõ lle prestou nada, et passou a lança perlo uẽtre del, et logo as tripas lle caerõ sóbrelo arçón da sela

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 461:

And he gave him such a blow with the spear he brought that the breastplate didn't render him any service at all, and the spear passed through his belly, and immediately his innards fell over the saddlebow

(anatomy, in the plural) innards; guts; bowls


escocés

gl-noun

escocés m (plural escoceses, feminine escocesa, feminine plural escocesas)

escoceses (plural)
escocesa (feminine)
escocesas (feminine plural)
escocês (alternative)


escocesa

female equivalent of escocés; Scotswoman


galés

galés m (plural galeses, feminine galesa, feminine plural galesas)

galeses (plural)
galesa (feminine)
galesas (feminine plural)
galês (alternative)


británico

británico m (plural británicos, feminine británica, feminine plural británicas)

británicos (plural)
británica (feminine)
británicas (feminine plural)
britânico (alternative)


holandés

holandés m (plural holandeses, feminine holandesa, feminine plural holandesas)

holandeses (plural)
holandesa (feminine)
holandesas (feminine plural)
holandês (alternative)


islandés

islandés m (plural islandeses, feminine islandesa, feminine plural islandesas)

islandeses (plural)
islandesa (feminine)
islandesas (feminine plural)
islandês (alternative)


danés

danés m (plural daneses, feminine danesa, feminine plural danesas)

daneses (plural)
danesa (feminine)
danesas (feminine plural)
danês (alternative)


escandinavo

escandinavo m (plural escandinavos, feminine escandinava, feminine plural escandinavas)

escandinavos (plural)
escandinava (feminine)
escandinavas (feminine plural)


letón

letón m (plural letóns, feminine letoa, feminine plural letoas)

letóns (plural)
letoa (feminine)
letoas (feminine plural)
letom (alternative)
letão (alternative)


lituano

lituano m (plural lituanos, feminine lituana, feminine plural lituanas)

lituanos (plural)
lituana (feminine)
lituanas (feminine plural)


eslovaco

eslovaco m (plural eslovacos, feminine eslovaca, feminine plural eslovacas)

eslovacos (plural)
eslovaca (feminine)
eslovacas (feminine plural)


esloveno

esloveno m (plural eslovenos, feminine eslovena, feminine plural eslovenas)

eslovenos (plural)
eslovena (feminine)
eslovenas (feminine plural)


búlgaro

búlgaro m (plural búlgaros, feminine búlgara, feminine plural búlgaras)

búlgaros (plural)
búlgara (feminine)
búlgaras (feminine plural)


lexema

(linguistics) lexeme (unit of meaning or vocabulary)


cicerone

cicerones (plural)
cicerón (alternative)

1775, from Spanish cicerone, from Italian cicerone, named after Roman orator Marcus Tullius Cicero.

named-after

Gardaimo de adulazons
dos que obran polos seus fins,
gardaimo de mas latins
e peores cicerons

1775, Diego Antonio Cernadas y Castro, Eu non pensei, meu Farruco:

Guard him of the flatteries
of the ones who work for their own shake,
guard him of bad jargons
and worst cicerones

cicerone (guide who shows people tourist or cultural sights)


idealista

gl-noun

idealista m or f by sense (plural idealistas)


pascua

From Old Galician-Portuguese pascua (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin pascua, from Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא (paskha), from Hebrew פסח (pesakh). Cognate with Portuguese páscoa, Asturian pascua, Spanish pascua.

der

(Christianity) the period between the birth of Christ and the adoration of the Magi


parapente

paraglider (lightweight, free-flying, foot-launched glider aircraft with no rigid primary structure)


ración

racións (plural)
raçom (alternative)
ração (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin ratiōnem. Doublet of razón.


abadexo

abadexos (plural)
abadeixo (alternative)
badeixo (alternative)
badexo (alternative)
abadejo (alternative)

[a.β̞aˈð̞e.ʃʊ]

Locally attested since 1350 (badejo). Perhaps borrowed from Spanish abadejo, attested much later; alternatively from abadeijo, from Late Latin abbadagium (“payment to the abbot”).

inh

Pollachius pollachius
Pollachius pollachius#Translingual

European pollock (Pollachius pollachius)


paiolo

From the proper name Paio, from Latin Pelagius.


papas

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese papas (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin pappa.


tauromaquia

From Ancient Greek ταῦρος (taûros) "bull" + μάχη (mákhē) "battle", from μάχομαι (mákhomai) "I do battle".


crista

From Old Galician-Portuguese cresta, crista, from Latin crista.

Polygonum hydropiper
Wikispecies:Polygonum hydropiper

(botany) hydropiper (Polygonum hydropiper)

Persicaria maculosa
Persicaria maculosa#Translingual

(botany) lady's thumb (Persicaria maculosa)


anfibio

From Latin amphibius, from Ancient Greek ἀμφίβιος (amphíbios).


legua

leguas (plural)
légoa (alternative archaic)
légua (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese legua, attested in the 13th-century Cantigas de Santa Maria, from Late Latin leuga and leuca (“Gaulish mile”), from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *lougā. Cognate with Spanish legua, Portuguese légua, and Catalan llegua.

Manda o conçello et os alcalldes, regidores et procuradores desta villa da crunna de parte de noso sennor el Rey et do dito conçello da dita villa et porque asi he ordenança antiga que nehunus çapateiros et outras quasquer personas que non sejan çapateiros et vezinnos et moradores da dita villa et en ela non pagan talla con os outros çapateiros vezjnnos da dita villa que non son confrades dos çapateiros asi como os çapateiros de portal, que non vsen dos ditos ofiçios de çapateria nen vendan çapatos nen botas nen outro calçado de coiro en publico nen ascondido nen los ponnan en tendas nen portaes nen anden a vender por la dita villa et pescaria dela Et desde Palavea et media legoa da villa enderredor a villa saluo se os venderen a engros aos ditos çapateiros que viuen et moran na dita villa ou eles os consentiren vender en seus portaes.

1434, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 609:

the council and mayors, councilmen and agents of this town of A Coruña, on behalf of our lord the King and of this town council, and because so it is an old ordinance; that no shoemaker or whichever other person who is not a shoemaker and neighbour and dweller of the said town and in it they did not pay contributions with the other shoemakers neighbours of the said town and which are not a brother of the guild of the shoemakers, as well as the shoemakers who work at their porches; that they should not use of this office of shoemaking nor should they sell shoes nor boots nor any other leather footwear, nor publicly, nor in hiding, nor should they put them in shops nor porches nor should they go selling them around this town and its fishery [outskirts neighbourhood], nor from Palavea and half a league around this town, except if they sell them in bulk to the said shoemakers that live and dwell in the said town or if they let them sell at their porches

(historical) legua, Spanish league, traditional unit of distance equivalent to about 4.2 km


baza

Attested since 1671 (baça). From Spanish baza, from Italian bazza.

ò purtuges do galego
nunca sacou boa baça
nen'a sacarà de nòs
s'os carballos dan estacas.

1671, Gabriel Feijoo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

the Portuguese, on the Galicians,
never obtained a good advantage
nor will take it on us
if oaks give stakes


suicidio

suicidios (plural)
suicídio (alternative)

Borrowed from New Latin suīcīdium, from suī (“oneself”) and -cīdium (“-cide”).


diadema

From Latin diadēma, from Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “I bind around”).


climatologia

reintegrationist spelling of climatoloxía


bochinche

Probably borrowed from Spanish bochinche.


cisma

From Ecclesiastical Latin schisma, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”).

der

(chiefly religion) schism (a split or separation within a group or organisation)

obstinacy; stubbornness (insistence in doing something, especially something that is likely not to work out)


ceramista

gl-noun

ceramista m or f by sense (plural ceramistas)


vieira

→ Spanish: vieira

From Old Galician-Portuguese *vẽeyra, from Medieval Latin conchula veneria (“shell of Venus”), from Classical Latin Venus. Cognate with Portuguese vieira and Spanish venera.

O noso patrón, santiño ben feito, da barba dourada, que está no seu eido sentado e vestido cal fora romeiro, con súa escraviña e co seu chapeo que ten muitas conchas só do mar do reino, conchiñas vieiras abondo e a desexo

1746, Martín Sarmiento, Coloquio de 24 gallegos rústicos:

Our patron, such a handsomely built saint, with his golden beard, who sits in his place dressed as a pilgrim, with his cape and his hat which have many shell, but just from the sea of the kingdom [of Galicia], scallop shells enough and as many as you would like

great scallop, St James shell (Pecten Maximus)


sacramento

From Old Galician-Portuguese sacramento, sagramento, from Ecclesiastical Latin sacrāmentum, from Latin sacrō.


lucerna

grey gurnard (Eutrigla gurnardus) ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae


capitán

capitán m (plural capitáns, feminine capitá, feminine plural capitás)

capitáns (plural)
capitá (feminine)
capitás (feminine plural)
capitam (alternative)
capitão (alternative)


fase

From Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis, “appearance”).

der

phase (part of a sequence or cycle); stage, period


avea

From Old Galician-Portuguese avẽa, from Latin avēna (“oats”). Cognate with Portuguese aveia and Spanish avena.

de quanto centeo e auea e orjo labraren en ese Regengo ha de auer o arcobispo ou seu mayordomo a meadad despois que os labradores tomaren o seu dereito

1331, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 542:

of all the rye, oat and barley that they would grow in this crown's possession, the archbishop or his steward must have half of it, after the laborers have taken their parts

Jtem. deue o potro comer feo, palla, herua, orio, auea, espelqa, que quer dizer melga, et as qousas semellauelles a esto, que naturalmente som para seu comer.

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 61:

Item. The foal must eat hay, straw, grass, barley, oat, spelt —that is, melga— and things that are similar to these, which are naturally for them to eat


catedral

[kɑ.t̪eˈð̞ɾɑɫ]

Borrowed from Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin cathedrālis, from cathedra, from Ancient Greek καθέδρᾱ (kathédrā, “seat”).


alfaiate

From Old Galician-Portuguese alfaiate, from Arabic الْخَيَّاط (al-ḵayyāṭ, “the tailor”). Compare Portuguese alfaiate and Asturian alfayate.


canción

cancións (plural)
cançom (alternative)
canção (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese cançon (altered by influence of the learned suffix -ción), inherited from Latin cantiōnem. Cf. Spanish canción.


carbón

carbóns (plural)
carvão (alternative)
carvom (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese carvon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin carbō, carbōnem. Compare carbono. Cognate with Portuguese carvão and Spanish carbón.


prea

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin praeda (“booty, prey”), from earlier praeheda, from prae + Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to hold”). Cognate with Portuguese preia, English prey.

Et correullj a terra et astragoulla, et leuou ende muy grandes preas, et o al que ficaua queymoullo todo.

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 232:

He raided his land and wasted it, taking away many spoils, and what was left behind he put it in fire

Anque à prea non hègrande
si ca si, ò sacristan
disque à pestàna do figado
se lle hiba alegrando já.
Ô cont'hè, si enturra n'eso
Deus me libre das suas más,
que'anque eu non queira, na Coba
de chantarme heche capàz.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Although the booty is not large,
anyhow, the sacristan's
liver's eyes, reportedly,
were shinning bright.
The issue is, if he persists,
God save me from his hands,
that even if I don't want, in the grave
he is capable of thrusting me

Déixao de molestar, non sexas prea!

(figurative) mean, stupid, or untidy person

Ten unha prea que non se lambe


incendiario

gl-noun

incendiario m (plural incendiarios, feminine incendiaria, feminine plural incendiarias)

incendiarios (plural)
incendiaria (feminine)
incendiarias (feminine plural)
incendiário (alternative)


papagaio

From Old Galician-Portuguese papagay (“parrot”) (c. 1300, Dom Dinis), from Old Occitan papagay (“parrot”), ultimately from Arabic بَبْغَاء (babḡāʔ, “parrot”), of imitative origin.


dragón

dragóns (plural)
dragom (alternative)
dragão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese dragon, from Latin dracō, dracōnem, from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn, “serpent, dragon”).

c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 26

Jason meant to put the dragon to sleep with words and herbs

Coydaua Jaason de adormẽtar o dragõ cõ palauras et cõ heruas.


emblema

From Latin emblēma, from Ancient Greek ἔμβλημα (émblēma, “insertion”).


planetario

From Late Latin planētārius (“astrologer, relating to the planets”), from Latin planēta (“planet, wandering star”).


ciclista

gl-noun

ciclista m or f by sense (plural ciclistas)


estaca

Attested circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from unattested Medieval Latin *stacca, probably from Gothic *𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌺𐌰 (*staka), from Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.
Cognate with Portuguese estaca, Spanish estaca, Catalan estaca, Occitan estaca, Old French estaque and English stake.

herdade do Amenal, conmo jaz entre estacas et regos

1315, Manuel Lucas Álvarez, editor, Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 34:

property of the Alderwood, in the way that it is limited in between stakes and ditches

que nenghum seja ousado de amarrar nauio algund a a Ponte desta dita billa nen meter estaqas en ela

1432, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 69

nobody should dare to moor any ship to the bridge of this town, not to insert stakes in it


situación

situacións (plural)
situaçom (alternative)
situação (alternative)

a situación tristísima e máis que lamentábel da súa nai, enferma, sin recursos e, para maor desgracia, de xenio tan atufado, enrenico e mal cabido, que naide se ladaba con ela

1895, A. López Ferreiro, A tecedeira de Bonaval, page 170:

the very sad and lamentable position of her mother, sick, resourceless and, adding insult to injury, having such a haughty, rude and misfit temper, that none got along with her


magistratura

reintegrationist spelling of maxistratura


cume

15th century. From Latin culmen, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-. Cognate with Portuguese cume and Spanish cumbre.

1433, Rodríguez González, Ángel / José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 63

the aforementioned house is next to the wall of another one that belongs to Juan Perez, notary of this town, in one side, and in the other is touching, by the ridge and the wooden wall, with another house of my property

a qual casa se ten por parede con outra casa de Juan Peres, notario da dita villa, de hũa parte, da outra parta se ten por cume et tavoado con outra mia casa

Jtem diso máis que leuara de dentro da grãja de Saar, estando presente Martj́n de Dorrõ, hũu cume de castaño de des cóuodos, pouco máis o menos

1457, Tato Plaza, Fernando R. (ed.) (1999): Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos. Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega (Ponencia de Lingua)., page 185

Item, he said more, that he had taken from the inside of the farm of Sar, in the presence of Martín de Dorrón, a chestnut ridge board, of some ten cubits long, give or take


aderezo

aderezos (plural)
adrez (alternative)
adrezo (alternative)
adereço (alternative)

First attested in 1746. Deverbal from aderezar. Compare English address.


ateo

Learned borrowing from Latin atheos, from Ancient Greek ἄθεος (átheos).


tufo

From Vulgar Latin tūfus, from tȳphus, from Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos).


tufo

Probably from French or Old French touffe, this either from Late Latin tufus, from Proto-Germanic *þūbaz (whence English tuft), or from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz. Cognate with Spanish tojino.

punch (tool) used by blacksmiths to bore the wooden shafts of axes, etcetera

extreme of the axle that inserts into the wheel


tufo

small piece of cloth attached to a main one


ingrediente

[iŋ.ɡɾeˈð̞jɛn̪.t̪ɪ]

[iŋ.ɡɾeˈð̞jɛn̪.t̪ɪ]

[iŋ.ħɾeˈð̞jɛn̪.t̪ɪ]

From Latin ingrediēns (“entering”), from ingredior (“I enter”).

ingredient (one of the substances present in a mixture, especially food)


pedazo

From Old Galician-Portuguese pedaço, from Vulgar Latin pitaccium, metathesis of pittacium, from Ancient Greek πιττάκιον (pittákion).

1349, Anselmo López Carreira, Documentos do arquivo da catedral de Ourense (1289-1399), doc. 296

under the condition that you and your heirs plant with vines all of said wilderness that belongs to said vineyard and which its pending, bit by bit each year till said wilderness is totally planted

per tal condiçon que vos e todas vossas voses que chantedes de viña todo o dito monte que perteensçe aa dita viña que esta por chantar, pedaço e pedaço de cada anno ata que o dito monte seia todo chantado


madreselva

madreselvas (plural)
madressilva (alternative)

[ma.ð̞ɾeˈs̺ɛl.β̞ɐ]


minimalista

minimalista m or f by sense (plural minimalistas)


anarquista

anarquista m or f by sense (plural anarquistas)

anarchist (one who believes in or advocates the absence of authority)


chicha

chichas (plural)
xixa (alternative Eastern Galician)

[ˈt͡ʃi.t͡ʃɐ]

Attested since circa 1750. Related to Spanish chicha, Italian ciccia.


apócope

Borrowed from Late Latin apocŏpe, from Ancient Greek ἀποκοπή (apokopḗ), ἀποκόπτω (apokóptō, “cut off”).

(prosody, phonetics) apocope (loss or omission of a sound or syllable from the end of a word)


firmante

firmante m or f by sense (plural firmantes)


océano

océanos (plural)
ouceán (alternative)
ouceao (alternative)
ouciao (alternative)


promesa

promesas (plural)
promessa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese promessa, from Medieval Latin, Vulgar Latin prōmissa (“promise”), from Latin prōmissum (“promise”), from promittō (“I send forth; I promise”).


rapante

Perhaps from rampante (“rampant”), attracted by rapar (“to scratch”).


ene

The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.


responsable

responsable m or f by sense (plural responsables)

responsables (plural)
responsábel (alternative)

person responsible, someone obliged, obligor


follato

aló no mes de xaneiro da cama me erguín lixeiro pra ir á feira de Ourense; Era un día de invernada de brétoma marrullento; de aquelas mañás, que o vento corta o carís coa xiada; Senteime no leito axiña e dempois de me escofar empeceime a santiguar na boca cunha cruciña; Funme co frío a sentar collendo os socos de amieiro, casi medio priguiseiro preto da pedra do lar; Da miña pobre lareira dempois que estive a carón, cun apagado tizón revolvín a borralleira; Dúas brasas apañei, dentro do soco as metín e abaleino cara min astra que ó fin o quitei; Feito esto con boa fe para ter calor no centro puxen dous follatos dentro e dempois metín o pé

1859, R. Barros Sibelo, Un dia de desfertuna:

back in January, I swiftly got up from bed to go to the fair of Ourense. It was a wintry day, unruly, misty; one of those mornings when the wind cuts the face with the frost. I promptly sat down on bed and, after scratching myself, I crossed myself in the mouth with a little cross. Grabbing the clogs of alder, I went with the cold to sit, almost as a mendicant, by the hearthstone. From my poor fireplace, after I was by its side, with a burn out stick I stired the ashes; two embers I picked up, inside the clog I put them, and I tilted it towars me till I took it out. This done, with good faith, for having hot at the center, I put two corn husk leaves, and then I put my feet in

(countable and uncountable) corn husk leaf or leaves

branch of a tree or plant which is considered undesirable and which is usually pruned


boxo

From Gaulish bolgā, from Proto-Celtic *bolgos.

something resembling a belly, a protruberance


detonante

trigger, cause (an event that initiates others, or incites a response)


licenza

[liˈθɛn̪.θɐ]

[liˈθɛn̪.θɐ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese liçençia, liçença (independently attested in both corpora), borrowed from Latin licentia.


votante

gl-noun

votante m or f by sense (plural votantes)


merenda

From Old Galician-Portuguese merenda, from Latin merenda. Cognate with Portuguese merenda, Spanish merienda, Italian merenda.

a light meal or snack had in between main meals


esporta

From Latin sporta (“plaited basket, hamper”).


tremo

Inherited from Latin tremulus (“quivering”). Doublet of trémbora and trémulo. Compare Spanish tiemblo (“tremor”).

inh+

quaking bog (place with a wet spongy ground, sometimes too soft for walking)

Torpedo marmorata
Wikispecies:Torpedo marmorata

marbled electric ray (Torpedo marmorata)


trofeo

From Late Latin trophaeum, variant of Latin tropaeum (“trophy, victory memorial”), from Ancient Greek τρόπαιον (trópaion), from τροπή (tropḗ, “turning, trope”), from τρέπω (trépō, “I turn”).


piar

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese piar (Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *pilāre, from Latin pīla (“pillar”).

Et ffezo outrosi en esse castello de Gazõ, a seruiço de Deus, hũa jgleia de grande obra cõ piares et arcos de pedra marmor

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 53:

And he also made there, in this castle of Gozón, for the service of God, a large church with columns and archs of marble stone

one of several stone pillars placed by way of a bridge


claustro

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin claustrum (“portion of monastery closed off to laity”), from Latin claustrum (“place shut in, bar, bolt, enclosure”). Doublet of caustra.


tutelo

Coordinate term: cagote


miga

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mīca (“crumb”), from Proto-Italic *smīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *smeyg- (“small, thin, delicate”). Compare the borrowed doublet mica. Cognate with Portuguese miga and Spanish miga.

crumb (the soft internal portion of bread)

Cunha miguiña de sorte aínda chegaremos a tempo.

With a little luck we'll be arriving just in time.

Marchamos daquí a unha miga.


anestesista

gl-noun

anestesista m or f by sense (plural anestesistas)


paga

From Old Galician-Portuguese paga (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Deverbal from pagar.

salary, pension, wages or any other similar regular payment


roga

petition of help for an agricultural work, usually for food and reciprocity


manco

manco m (plural mancos, feminine manca, feminine plural mancas)

mancos (plural)
manca (feminine)
mancas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese manco (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin mancus.

Ali da soude aos enfermos et alumea os çegos, et liura os demoniados et da aos sordos oydo, et aos mãcos fazeos andar

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 167:

There he gives health to the sick ones and lights the blind, and free the possessed and gives hearing to the deaf ones, and he makes the lame ones walk

one-handed, one-armed, maimed person, cripple


compañía

compañías (plural)
companhia (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese companhia (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French companie, from Vulgar Latin *compania. Doublet of compaña.
Cognate with Portuguese companhia and Spanish compañía.

inh+

os quales diñeiros gastei en desenbargar os bees e terras que meu señor padre enpeñou a payo gomez de soutomayor vasallo do Rey e señor que foi da casa forte de lantaño para a costa que tebo ennas sahidas que fiso con os demais fidalgos da terra en compañia do señor arçobispo e perlado de santiago don lope de mendoza

1473, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:

said money I spent in redeeming the assets and lands that my father pawned to Paio Gómez de Soutomaior, vassal of the King and late lord of the stronghold of Lataño, for the expenses he had in the expeditions that he did together with the other noblemen of the country, in the company of the lord archbishop and prelate of Santiago Don Lope de Mendoza


significante

(linguistics) meaning, significance, the thing that is signified


vagante

gl-noun

vagante m or f by sense (plural vagantes)

[bɑˈɣ̞ɑn̪.t̪ɪ]

[bɑˈɣ̞ɑn̪.t̪ɪ]

[bɑˈħɑn̪.t̪ɪ]


rocín

From Old Galician-Portuguese rocin (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), of uncertain origin; ultimately probably from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”).

foran en tomar aos mercadores e tauerneiros d'Arçúa et das Duas Casas viinte e hun roçín d'albardas con senos aparellos

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 357:

they went and took from the merchants and innkeepers of Arzúa and Dúas Casas twenty-one packsaddle rowneys with their respective tacks


siberiano

siberiano m (plural siberianos, feminine siberiana, feminine plural siberianas)

siberianos (plural)
siberiana (feminine)
siberianas (feminine plural)


consumista

consumista m or f by sense (plural consumistas)


composta

From Latin compositus. Doublet of compota, borrowed from French.


cuba

From Old Galician-Portuguese cuba (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cūpa (“cask; vat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewp- (“a hollow”). Doublet of copa, which came through a Late Latin intermediary variant.

Iten, mando mays á dita Contança Gonçales, miña muller, a quarta parte da adega dos Vrancos, por quanto eu e ela conpramos a metade da dita adega a Meen Suares Galinato, e mándolle mays a cuba en que teño o viño branco e mays outras duas cubas que son dentro ena dita adega aa maao esquerda, vasyas, que teñen cada una doze moyos de lagar

1484, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 127

Item, I devise said Constanza González, my wife, a fourth of the wine cellar of Os Brancos, since we both bought a half of it from Men Suarez Galiñato; and I also bequeath a cask in which I have the white wine, and also two other casks that are inside that wine cellar, on the left, empty, each one having twelve modii

cask (large barrel for the storage of liquid, especially of alcoholic drinks)


controversia

controversias (plural)
controvérsia (alternative)


anzol

anzois (plural)
anzó (alternative)
anzolo (alternative)

From Latin *hamiceolus, diminutive of hamus. Doublet of amocelo.


estrema

commo vay pelo saydo a dereyto ferir enno canto da camara das casas de Johan Iauin pela estrema do muro desta dita camera et do outro muro sobredito et sal ençima aa rua de Batitalas

1310, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 105:

as it goes by the exit to the right and arrives at the lateral of the chamber of the houses of Johan Javín by the boundary of the wall of this chamber and of the other aforementioned wall and cames to the Batitalas street

huna estrema de boa parede des lo canto mays de baixo do penal da dita casa […] asta huna crus (+) que asignalamos e fezemos por marqua e deuision enna parede da orta de vos o dito liçençiado e vosos yrmâôs

1429, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 307

[We shall build] a boundary, made of good wall, from the extreme of the lateral wall of that house […] till a cross (+) that we have signalled and done as mark and division in the wall of the garden that belongs to you, the aforementioned lawyer, and to your brothers

ditch, strip of land or wall which constitute a boundary in between properties


pendente

From Latin pendēns, present active participle of pendeō (“hang”).


médico

médico m (plural médicos, feminine médica, feminine plural médicas)

médicos (plural)
médica (feminine)
médicas (feminine plural)


terza

terzas (plural)
tercia (alternative proscribed)

From Old Galician-Portuguese terça, from Latin tertia.


automobilismo

(sports) motor racing, auto racing, motorsport, autosport

(US) automobile industry, car industry, automotive industry, (UK) motorcar industry


servente

servente m (plural serventes, feminine serventa, feminine plural serventas)

serventes (plural)
serventa (feminine)
serventas (feminine plural)

[s̺eɾˈβ̞en̪.t̪ɪ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese servente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin serviens, servientem. Doublet of sarxento, from French.
Cognate with Portuguese servente, Spanish sirviente.

eu Alonso da Cana, servente do Conçello da çidade de Santiago, outorgo e conosco que reçebi de vos Nuno Vinagre e Juan Raposo, procuradores do conçello da çidade de Santiago quatroçentos maravedis, branqua en tres dineiros, de meu selario do anno pasado de mill e quatroçentos e viinte annos

1421, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 255

I, Alonso da Cana, servant of the Council of the city of Santiago, grant and know that I received from you, Nuno Vinagre and Xoán Raposo, agents of the Council of the city of Santiago, four hundred maravedis, each white coin three denarii, of my salary of the last year of a thousand and four hundred and twenty


tona

From Old Galician-Portuguese tona (attested since the 14th century in Galician texts). From a local Celtic substrate language, from Proto-Celtic *tonnā or *tondā (“skin”); from Proto-Indo-European *tend-, from *temh₂- (“to cut”). Compare Portuguese tona and Old Irish tonn (“skin, surface”).

tona. Es la tez o nata que cría cualquiera líquido.

1746-1755, Martín Sarmiento, Catálogo de voces y frases de la lengua gallega:

"tona": it is the film or pellicule which is generated on any liquid

film (solid or opaque layer on a liquid)

non ten pelo na cachola qu'é de tona de cabazo

1840, Antonio María de la Iglesia, Poesía, page 39:

he has no hair in his head, which is made of rind of pumpkin


epidemia

[ɛpiˈðɛmi̯ɐ]

Attested since the 18th century. Learned borrowing from Latin epidēmia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιδήμιος (epidḗmios), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).


paciente

paciente m or f by sense (plural pacientes)

Attested since circa 1300. Learned borrowing from Latin patiens, patientem (“enduring; patient”).

lbor

(healthcare) patient (person receiving medical treatment)


roca

Perhaps from Gothic *𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌺𐌰 (*rukka); or, given its open stressed vowel, rather from a West Germanic cognate of it (compare Old High German rocko), from Proto-Germanic *rukkô. Cognate with Portuguese roca and Spanish rueca.

En cada terra seu uso, en cada roca seu fuso.

In every country its customs, for every distaff its spindle.

Polo fio d'unha roca
ó estagamo seme bay,
é cortafeira coideiche
que acababa de finar.

By the thread of a distaff
my stomach is going away,
and Wednesday I though
that I had just died.

Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.

The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the flax on the distaff, for the year's cloth.

spinning distaff (part of a spinning wheel from which fibre is drawn to be spun)


roca

From Old Galician-Portuguese roca (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria) borrowed from Old Catalan roca, from Early Medieval Latin rocca, of unknown origin. Doublet of rocha.


galleta

a unit of volume, equivalent to half an ola


vicepresidente

gl-noun

vicepresidente m (plural vicepresidentes, feminine vicepresidenta, feminine plural vicepresidentas)

vicepresidentes (plural)
vicepresidenta (feminine)
vicepresidentas (feminine plural)
vice-presidente (alternative)


nacida

Attested since circa 1596. From nacer (“to born”) + -ida.

ben seria
 mirar a carnizeria
 ber a carne que se corta
 que algua sei que foi morta
 que seis naçidas tragia

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

Rather we
 inspect the butcher shop
 watch the meat they cut
 because some of it I think was dead
 because it brought six carbuncles

(pathology) carbuncle (abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin)


sándwich

a sandwich only made with sandwich bread


ábrego

[ˈa.β̞ɾe.ɣ̞ʊ]

[ˈa.β̞ɾe.ɣ̞ʊ]

[ˈa.β̞ɾe.ħʊ]

Inherited from Latin āfricus (“African”), referring to the origin of the wind.

inh+

Et jaz esta terra ontre Palestina et Syria ajuntada ahũa parte por seus termynos et aaoutra parte jaz contra mediodia donde vem o vento abrego.

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 65:

This land lies in between Palestine and Syria, by one side of its limits, and by another lies against the south, from where the south wind blows


canalla

Attested since 1671. Ultimately, from Italian canaglia.


cabo

From Old Galician-Portuguese cabo, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head, source”).


seita

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese seita, from Latin secta (“sect”), probably from sectus (“cut off”), perfect passive participle of secō (“I cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”), or alternatively from sequor.

(religion) sect (an offshoot of a larger religion; a group sharing particular (often unorthodox) religious beliefs)


seita

From Latin secta (“cut off”), perfect passive participle of secō (“I cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).


sidra

Attested since the 14th century (from the 13th century in Latin documents). Borrowed from Old French sidre, from Latin sīcera, from Ancient Greek σῑ́κερᾰ (sī́keră).

Este nũca bebeo vino nẽ sidra, nẽ comeu carne

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 19:

This one did never drink wine or cider, nor did he ever eat meat

(countable or uncountable) cider (alcoholic beverage)


membro

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese nembro, borrowed from Latin membrum (“member; limb”), from Proto-Indo-European *memso-, *mems-ro (“flesh”). Doublet of nembro (“jamb”).


tormento

From Old Galician-Portuguese tormento (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably borrowed from Latin tormentum as a semi-learned term. Compare Spanish tormento.

Ano sobre dito de LV, a XXVI días de jullyo, o dito Pero Ardido declarou, en lle dando tormento, que tomara et roubara a un judio de Bayona, ena Portella de Santo Antón os ditos dose botóos et outros tantos que leua Esteuo Pallazín, seu parçeiro, et que lle tomara mays o roçín et que lle tomara mays as ditas cinquo bulsas et tres esqueiros et a dita çinta de prata et mays os diñeiros et os coroados vellos et huas botas et todo o al que lle acharon en seu poder, o baladrán et sayas, et hun correo con os ditos diñeiros, et que o leixaran atado en hun monte et que o dito Esteuo Pallazín que o quisera matar se él non fora, et que o dito Esteuo Pallasín que leuara outro tanto.

1455, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 316:

Year, the aforementioned 1455, 26 days of July. Pedro Ardido declared, when they were giving torment to him, the he took and robbed a Jew from Baiona, at the pass of St. Anton, twelve buttons and many others which took Estevo Pallacín, his partner; and also he took his horse, and also five bags, and three tinderboxes and a silver ribbon and coins and old crowns and some boots, and all that they found in him, the garment and robes, and a money bag with the aforementioned coins; and that they left him tied in a hill, and that the aforementioned Estevo Pallacín wanted to kill the Jew, if it was not for him; and that the aforementioned Estevo Pallacín took as much.


traballo

traballos (plural)
trabalho (alternative)

[t̪ɾaˈβ̞a̠.ɟʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese traballo, deverbal from traballar.

Antes pasabamos moitos traballos para criar os fillos.

In the past we had many hard times raising our children.

onde eu moytas chagas et deostos et pelejas et escarnos et caenturas et cãsaço et fame et frio et moytos outros traballos padeçin

1390, Pensado Tomé, edited by José Luís, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C, page 136:

here, where I have suffered many sores and insults and fights and derision and fever and tiredness and hunger and cold and so many other travails

Poucos terán boas lembranzas do ano que se foi, porque escomenzou mal e non poido acabar pior. O inverno foi crúo, a primadeira esmorecida e chuviosa, o vrau abafante, o outono desleigado. Día por día pasáro-no contando os seus traballos e coitas os labregos, agardando pola súa redención os que viven escravos dos caciques d'aldea, pensando na súa terriña os emigrantes que morren lonxe dela, aduanando falcatruadas os que trunfan e medran á conta dos máis

1885, O Tío Marcos da Portela, II, 60, page 1:

Few people will have good memories of last year, because it started badly and couldn't have ended worse: winter was harsh, spring rainy and faint, summer stifling, autumn sloppy. Day after day, the peasant spent their time telling about their troubles and disgraces, waiting for their redemption the ones who live enslaved by the village's richmen, longing their land the emigrants who die far away from her, plotting frauds those who trump and grow at the expense of others.

(usually in the plural) travail, trouble, hardship, hard times, difficulty

a servicio de deus et de noso señor el rey don alfonso et a prol de todo o reyno de galiza por dar a cada un o seu et refrenar a cobiza dos maos que en una ora rouban et consumen os averes que os omens ganan en gran tenpo con gran traballo

1339, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 370:

in the service of God an of our lord the king Don Alfonso and in favor of the whole Kingdom of Galicia, to give each one his own, to restrain the greed of the bad ones who in an hour rob and consume the assets and properties that men gain in a long time and with great effort


trapela

From trapa + -ela. Cognate with Spanish trampilla.


tucano

Borrowed from Portuguese tucano, borrowed from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.


trinca

Probably from Old French strenc (“string, cord, rope”), from Frankish *strangi, from Proto-Germanic *strangiz (“string”), from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“rope, cord, strand”).
Compare estrinque.


croque

Digitalis purpurea
Digitalis purpurea#Translingual

Digitalis purpurea, common foxglove, and each one of its flowers


croque

From Old French crokier (“to slap, hit, strike”).

A moreniña fina, xentil, criada na miseria e na porcallada cun pai zapateiro borrachón, unha nai rifona, vendedora de carqueixas no portal, e un fato de irmáns enlarafuzados, sempre cheos de croques e mancaduras do frío e dos cantazos

1932, Otero Pedrayo, Contos do camiño e da rúa, page 66:

The thin, gentle little brunette, grown up in the misery and the filth with a drunkard father, shoemaker; a grumpy mother, seller of brushwood at the gates; and a bunch of dirty-faced brothers, always covered with bumps and injuries because of cold and pebbles


golfe

Unknown. Perhaps from golfo (“deep sea”), but compare also English kelp, Middle English culp.

Laminaria hyperborea
Wikispecies:Laminaria hyperborea

Laminaria ochroleuca
Wikispecies:Laminaria ochroleuca

kelp, tangle (Laminaria hyperborea, Laminaria ochroleuca and other Laminaria)

Saccorhiza polyschides
Saccorhiza polyschides#English


bispo

From Old Galician-Portuguese bispo, from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos).


alfil

Borrowed from Arabic فِيل (fīl, “elephant”) via Andalusian Arabic, from Classical Persian پیل (pīl).


frecuencia

frecuencias (plural)
frequência (alternative)


escenario

o peor escenario posible


emoción

emotion (person's internal state of being)


espía

From Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰 (*spaiha), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”) (compare Anglo-Norman espie, French espion, Italian spia, , English spy, German spähen (“to peek, spy”) and Latin speciō (“I look, watch”)).

der

cando neste estado chegou unha espía nosa (que nunca parecera) decendo que viña Sul de Portugal con doce mil homes

1810, José Fernandez y Neira, Proezas de Galicia:

when, in this stance, a spy of us arrived —didn't look as one— saying that Marshal General Soult was coming from Portugal with twelve thousand men


pedagogo

gl-noun

pedagogo m (plural pedagogos, feminine pedagoga, feminine plural pedagogas)

pedagogos (plural)
pedagoga (feminine)
pedagogas (feminine plural)

From Latin paedagōgus, from Ancient Greek παιδαγωγός (paidagōgós).


checo

checo m (plural checos, feminine checa, feminine plural checas)

checos (plural)
checa (feminine)
checas (feminine plural)


fros

(usually in the plural) tools of the trade


concho

conchos (plural)
coucho (alternative)
cuncho (alternative)


colludo

From Vulgar Latin *coleūtus, derived from Latin cōleus (“testicle”). Compare Portuguese colhudo, Spanish cojudo. First attested in the 15th c.

any male animal that has not been castrated


pola

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin pullus.


pipo

cask; barrel (usually smaller than a pipa)


rostro

From Old Galician-Portuguese rostro, from Latin rōstrum.


musa

From Latin mūsa, from Ancient Greek Μοῦσα (Moûsa, “Muse”).


alleo

From Old Galician-Portuguese alhẽo, from Latin aliēnus ("belonging to someone else", later "exotic, foreign"), from alius (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos. Compare Portuguese alheio.


saco

From Old Galician-Portuguese saco (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin saccus, from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “sack, bag; sackcloth”), from Semitic.

der

It. lyno que se em huun saquo por tascar

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Historica, I, 5, page 344:

Item, flax that is in a sack, for being scutched


orgullo

orgullos (plural)
orgulho (alternative)
argullo (alternative)
orgulo (alternative)
urgullo (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese orgullo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), borrowed from Old Catalan orgull, from Vulgar Latin *orgollium, itself from Proto-West Germanic *uʀgōllju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō. Related to Portuguese orgulho, French orgueil, Italian orgoglio.


condado

From Old Galician-Portuguese condado (“county”), from Latin comitātus.

inh

county (land ruled by a count or countess)

county (administrative subdivision used in some countries)


medalla

[meˈð̞a̠.ɟɐ]


cobarde

[koˈβ̞aɾ.ð̞ɪ]


infinto

From Latin infinitus (“boundless”) or definitus (“limited, terminated”).

enton os sobreditos diseron que davan e deron poder cunplido aos ditos Martin Serpe e Afonso Fernandes, para que podesen veer os infintos e encanamas e copia deles porque se agora recabdava a renda enna dita çidade e soubesen quantos maravedis faleçian dos triinta mill maravedis da dita encanama

1420, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 230

then the aforementioned said that they would give and gave a power of attorney to the mentioned Martín Xerpe and Afonso Fernández, so that they could see the registers and contributions and copy of them by which rent are collected in the mentioned city, so that they could know how many maravedis were missing of the thirty thousand of that contribution

(archaic) register or relation, especially of taxes or contributions due by each neighbour of a given place


pingo

pingos (plural)
pingue (alternative Western)

Back-formation from pingar (“to drop”), influenced by Latin pingue (“fat”). For semantic development, compare English dripping.

Un asadiño de pingo de porco.

1519, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, volume 2, Vigo: Galaxia, page 218:

— [...] despois poñíanvos na tortura do potro, atandovos antes os pés e as más; despois levabades oito garrotes; e si con todo esto non confesabades, fasíanvos tragar unha chea d'agua para que arremedásedes os afogados. Mais esto era pouco, que remataban a festa poñendovos os pés encoiro untados de pingo nun sepo, e despois traían unha chea de lume pra frixílos, ou pra poñerllo debaixo, e outras mil xudiadas, tanto que ás veses nin aínda lles permitían confesarse.
—¡Ave María! Eu confesaría o que me preguntasen, aún cando no'fixese.
—Eu o mesmo.

1813, anonymous author, Conversa no Adro da Igrexa:

— [The Inquisition:] after this they would take you to the rack, tying your hands and your feet; after this they would hit you eight times with a club; and if, in spite of this, you didn't confess, then they obliged you to shallow a large quantity of water as if you should resemble a drowned man. But this was not enough, because they ended the celebration putting your bare feet, buttered with lard, in a clamp, and they would bring a large fire for frying them, or for putting them under it; and another thousand mean things. They even sometimes don't allowed them to confess.
—Ave María! I would admit anything they would ask, even if I had not done it.
—Me too.


tinto

From Old Galician-Portuguese tinto, from Latin tinctus.


caricatura

From Italian caricatura (“caricature”), from caricare (“carry”), from Late Latin carricāre (“carry”), from Latin carrus (“wagon”), from Gaulish *karros, from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥s-o-, from Proto-Indo-European *k̑ers- (“to run”).

caricature (pictorial representation of someone for comic effect)


mosto

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mustum, neuter of mustus (“fresh, young", and, of wine, "unfermented”), from Proto-Indo-European *mus-, *mews- (“damp”).


torneira

place where the water of a ditch or canal can be diverted towards one place or another

faucet (device used to dispense liquids)


cicatriz

Learned borrowing from Latin cicātrīcem.


manto

From Old Galician-Portuguese manto (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin mantum, either a back formation from mantēllum or from Paleo-Hispanic.

A ponte d'Ourens, os meus pannos, conuén saber, o manto e o pelote e a saya.

1287, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 42:

To the [contruccion of the] bridge of Ourense I bequeath my clothes, that is, the mantle and the garment and the robe


novelista

gl-noun

novelista m or f by sense (plural novelistas)


cuñado

cuñado m (plural cuñados, feminine cuñada, feminine plural cuñadas)

cuñados (plural)
cuñada (feminine)
cuñadas (feminine plural)
cunhado (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese cunnado, from Latin cognātus. Cf. also cognado.


pernil

Attested since 1707. From perna (“leg”) + -il.

Afonso:
Pond'a messa, Cathaliña.
Christobo:
Sacad'essa bota, Irena.
Alberte:
Sacà, Marta, esse pernil.
Cathaliña:
Homes tende pouca pressa,
que para todo ay bagar.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

Afonso:
"Set the table, Cathaliña."
Christobo:
"Bring out that wineskin, Irena."
Alberte:
"Bring out, Marta, that ham."
Cathaliña:
"Men, be in little hurry,
there is a time for everything."


reputación

reputacións (plural)
reputaçom (alternative)
reputação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin reputatiōnem. By surface analysis, reputar + -ción.


senador

gl-noun

senador m (plural senadores, feminine senadora, feminine plural senadoras)

senadores (plural)
senadora (feminine)
senadoras (feminine plural)


subtítulo

subtitle, subhead, subheading (a heading below or after a title)

(cinematography, television, used more in the plural) subtitle (textual versions of the dialogue in films (and similar media such as television or video games), usually displayed at the bottom of the screen)

(cinematography, television, used more in the plural) caption (a piece of text appearing on screen as subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, and it describe dialogues and sound for viewers who cannot hear it)

(cinematography, television, used more in the plural) closed caption


teoría

From Late Latin theōria, from Ancient Greek θεωρία (theōría).


conde

conde m (plural condes, feminine condesa, feminine plural condesas)

condes (plural)
condesa (feminine)
condesas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese conde (“count”), from Latin comitem, accusative of comes (“companion”).


lixo

From Old Galician-Portuguese lixo, of uncertain origin. Possible etymologies include Latin lixa (“ashes”) or Latin lixa (“camp follower”). Cognate with Portuguese lixo.

Que o dito que aposte os ditos baños et os alinpe ben, fasta o soo, de todo lixo et lodo que touveren

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 127:

That the aforementioned man should ready the aforementioned baths, and clean them correctly, till the ground, of any dirt and mud that they can have

garbage; waste; rubbish; filth; dirt (useless material to be discarded)


helicóptero

From French hélicoptère, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “spiral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing”).

helicopter (an aircraft that is borne along by one or more sets of long rotating blades which allow it to hover)


perfección

perfeccións (plural)
perfeçom (alternative)
perfeiçom (alternative)
perfeição (alternative)


elección

eleccións (plural)
eleiçom (alternative)
eleição (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin electio, electionem.


garfo

garfos (plural)
garfe (alternative)
garfio (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese garfio (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin graphium (“pen, stylus”), from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō); influenced by garfa (“claw”), from Andalusian Arabic جَارْفَا (“handful”), from Arabic غُرْفَة (ḡurfa, “cup or dipper”).

deuen sutilmente tallar o coiro ao llongo et desy a carne ata a que chege aa llandooa ou ao uerme, et pois que a acharen deuenlla fillar con garffe de fero

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 81:

they should subtly cut the [horse's] skin along, and then also the meat, till they came to the growth or the sickness; and as soon as they find it they should grab it with an iron hook

et que poñades no dito lugar doσe aruores preſas de garfos τ de reyσ

1404, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 94

and you shall plant in that place twelve [chestnut] trees, with their shoots and roots grounded


ostra

Attested since the 13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin ostrea, from Ancient Greek ὄστρεον (óstreon).

Iten as ostras eschousas a seis dineiros cada libra. Iten das ostras cascudas quatro a o dineiro.

1417, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75

Item, open oysters, six diñeiros each pound. Item, oysters with shell, four each diñeiro


arame

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin *arāmen, variant of Late Latin aerāmen, derived from Latin aer-. Compare Portuguese arame, Spanish alambre.

hun morteiro d'arame con sua malladeira de arame

1399, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 582:


lareira

Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.

The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the flax, for the year's cloth.

c. 1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana, Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 30

It was tossing gushes away, and they were falling around the fire and the hearthstone

deytaua as gorgoçadas fora, et cayam arredor do fogo et da lareyra


mandorla

From Italian mandorla. Doublet of améndoa and amígdala.


nó

From Old Galician-Portuguese noo, from Latin nōdus. Probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gnod- (“to bind”), compare English knot and its Germanic cognates.

node (a knot, knob, protuberance or swelling)


meiga

13th century. From Latin magicus (“magical”), from Ancient Greek μαγικός (magikós).

eu sen ser pieira, nen pensare en sé-lo, nen meiga nen bruxa, nen cousa do demo

1746, Martín Sarmiento, Coloquio de 24 gallegos rústicos, page 144:

I, who am not a sorceress, nor have I though of being one, nor a witch nor a hex, nor Devil's business

Meigas, feitizos e bruxas
que persigue a Inquisicion,
sin mascara, socaliñas
de cregos e frades son.
Chamanlles bruxas à ás vellas
por ter cara de carton;
pero solamente hay meygas
en donde hay Inquisicion.
As femias da nosa especie
de certa constitucion
fan visaxes, e son tolas,
pero feitizeiras non.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos dun galego:

Witches, spells and hexes,
who are prosecuted by the Inquisition,
maskless, hoaxes
of priests and friars are.
They call hex an old lady
because her face is made of cardboard;
but there are witches
just where it is Inquisition.
Females of our species,
of certain constitution,
make gestures, and are mad,
but sorceresses they are not.


espello

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espello (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin speclum, from Latin speculum. Compare to Portuguese espelho and Spanish espejo.

inh+

iron flat piece, usually used as reinforcements in wheels or doors


sensación

sensacións (plural)
sensaçom (alternative)
sensação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin sēnsātiōnem.


fuso

Attested since the 18th century (the derivative parafuso (“screw”) since the 13th century). From Latin fusus.

Fiaba a seña Marica unha boa mazaroca de liño: mollaba nos lábeos os dous pormeiros dedos da man esquerda e tirando cara abaixo faguía un fío daquel manoxo de estrigas, mentras que ca dereita enredábaio no fuso, que bailaba de demoro.

1911, Francisco Portela Pérez, O pé da lareira:

lady Mary was spinning a large spindleful of flax: she moistened the fist two finger of her left hand on her lips and, pulling down, she was making a thread of that handful of stricks, while with her right hand she was winding it in the spindle, which danced slowly


felicitación

felicitacións (plural)
felicitaçom (alternative)
felicitação (alternative)


secuencia

Borrowed from Late Latin sequentia, from Latin sequens.


almirante

From Old Galician-Portuguese almirante, from Medieval Latin amiratus under influence from -ante and Arabic ال (al-, “the, of the”), from Byzantine Greek ἀμιράς (amirás), from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”). See Spanish almirante, French amiral, and English admiral.


lección

Learned borrowing from Latin lēctiō, lēctiōnem. Doublet of leizón.


versión

versións (plural)
versom (alternative)
versão (alternative)


heroe

gl-noun

heroe m (plural heroes, feminine heroína, feminine plural heroínas)

heroes (plural)
heroína (feminine)
heroínas (feminine plural)
heroi (alternative)

From Latin hērōs (“hero”), from Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “demi-god, hero”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to watch over, protect”).


cuña

First attested in the 15th century. Ultimately from Latin cuneus. Cognate with Portuguese cunha and Spanish cuña.

Et mais que o dito señor obispo e cabíidoo e conçello que dían ao dito Sueyro e a Diego Aafonso pera a dita obra toda a pedra e madeira e crabageen e calabres e petrechos... e meestres e feramentas e cuñas e marras e todas las outras cousas que feser mester et foren necesarias pera se a dita obra faser

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 411:


palhaço

reintegrationist spelling of pallaso, pallazo


faísca

faíscas (plural)
feísca (alternative)
fiasca (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese (first attested locally as appellative circa 1300, feysca; attested as nickname as Falisca since 1167 in local Medieval Latin).
From Proto-Germanic *falwiskǭ (“spark, ash over burning ambers”), from Proto-Germanic *falwaz (“fallow”) from Proto-Indo-European *polʷos, or from Vulgar Latin *favillesca, from favilla (“embers”).
Cognate with Portuguese faísca and Asturian falisca. Compare also Old High German falawisca (“hot ashes”), Old Norse fǫlski (“ash over burning ambers”), and French flammèche.

cog

et vio sayr ẽno ayre feyscas et moxenas da terra [asi] cõmo de forno que arde

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 209:

and he saw embers and sparks emerging from the land and going into the air, as from a burning oven


renda

Probably borrowed from Spanish rienda, from Medieval Latin retina, ultimately from Latin retinere (“hold back, restrain”). Doublet of rédea, the expected form with ['ɛ].

1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 191:
Et o caualo se ergeo ante que Diomedes Polidamas o tomou por la rrenda
And the horse got up before Diomedes Polydamas took him by the rein


renda

From Old Galician-Portuguese renda, probably from Old Catalan or Old Occitan renda, both from early Medieval Latin rendita. Compare Portuguese renda, Spanish renta.

rent (payment made by a tenant at intervals in order to occupy a property)


renda

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *randiz (“edge, rim”). Compare English rand.


verruga

verrugas (plural)
berruga (alternative)
vorruga (alternative)
vurruga (alternative)
vurra (alternative)
borreca (alternative)

Attested, as toponym, since the 13ᵗʰ century. From Latin verrūca (“heights; wart”).

en aquel lugar que cortara naçeulle hũa atal com̃o berruga por que fazia sua ourina quando lle era mester

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 200:

on that place where it was cut down it grew one such as a wart, by which he made his urine whenever he needed to

(pathology) wart (type of growth occurring on the skin)


rodo

From Latin rota (“wheel”). Cognate with Spanish ruedo.


rodo

tool composed of a shaft and a semicircular blade, used by bakers to distribute and clean ashes and embers

a similar tool, used to smooth or level the ground, or for moving grain


poma

From Latin pōma, nominative plural of pōmum (“fruit”).

diz o conto que, cabo dũ rrío que sae do paraýso terreal, estaua hũa áruor, et aquelas pomas que dela caẽ ẽno rrío ...

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 471:

the tale says that, by the river that comes out of the Garden of Eden, there was a tree, and that fruits that fell to the river from it ...


mallo

em casa de Tare estaua aymage de Ulcano, feyta amaneyra de ferreyro, et hũ grande mallo ẽnas [maaos]

1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 139:

in Tare's house there was an image of Vulcan, made in the manner of a blacksmith, holding a large hammer in his hands


mallo

From malle (“flail”), from Latin manualis (“manual”), influenced by Latin malleus (“hammer”). Cognate with Portuguese mangual. Alternative forms include manlle, manle, mal.


bazo

From Old Galician-Portuguese baço (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably from Latin badius (“reddish brown”).


queixo

From Old Galician-Portuguese queijo, from Latin cāseus (“cheese”). Compare Portuguese queijo, Spanish queso.

1286, Miguel Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). 3 vols. Santiago: Tórculo Edicións (1989, 1989, 1993), page 1131


queixo

From Old Galician-Portuguese queixo, from Vulgar Latin *capseus, from Latin capsa (“box”); compare with Portuguese queixo, cf. also Spanish quijada.

Et auj́a o nariz alto por mesura et a boca ben feyta et dentes ben postos et brãcos et o queixo quadrado et o colo longo et as espádoas anchas et os peytos moyto enformados.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 275:

He had a high and measured nose and his mouth was well formed; the teeth, well disposed, were white; and the chin was square and the neck long, his shoulders were broad, and his breast well developed


chifre

chifres (plural)
xifre (alternative)
xipro (alternative)
chifro (alternative)
chífaro (alternative)
chifra (alternative)

Ultimately from a Vulgar Latin sīfilāre, as a variant of Latin sībilāre. Cognate with Portuguese chifre and Spanish chiflo.


óso

From Old Galician-Portuguese osso (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ossum, popular variant of os.


cousa

From Old Galician-Portuguese cousa, from Latin causa. Doublet of causa, a borrowing. Cognate with Portuguese coisa and Spanish cosa.

Diso que me di non sei cousa.

I know nothing about what you're asking.

Estaban aló no medio da praza chamándose cousas.

They were both in the middle of the square calling each other names.

swear word; abusive or insulting epithet


unha

unhas (plural)
úa (alternative obsolete)
ũa (alternative obsolete)
un-a (alternative obsolete)
umha (alternative)
uma (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese ũa (already spelled unha in a cantiga by Bernal de Bonaval), from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus. Cognate with Portuguese uma and Spanish una, although the former is an analogical formation.


participio

Learned borrowing from Latin participium.


teso

Inherited from Latin tensus. Compare the borrowed doublet tenso.


arna

Uncertain. Probably from a Paleo-Hispanic, from *arona (“ring”, “wheel”, "rim"); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European. Cognate with Asturian arna and Catalan arna

unk

Uncertain

bark (the exterior covering of the trunk of a tree, especially when thick and old)


cabelo

From Old Galician-Portuguese cabelo (“hair”), from Latin capillus (“hair”).

c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 96

And the hairs of his head and of his beard were red

Et avia os cabelos da cabeça et da barba vermellos

El rrey Príamos era forte caualeyro et de forte coraçõ et moy duro et sen medo a sua gisa, mays pero, poys que esto oýo dizer, fóysselle alçãdo o cabelo, et fóysselle tomãdo hũ frío, et ouuo grã dulta et grã pauor de Éytor

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 453:

king Priam was a strong knight and had a strong heart and was very hard and fearless in his own way; but, as soon as he heard this, his hair raised, and a cold spree took him, and had a big fear and a big fright of Hector


pigmento

[piɣ̞ˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ʊ]

[piɣ̞ˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ʊ]

Learned borrowing from Latin pigmentum. Cf. pemento.


volvoreta

volvoretas (plural)
bolboreta (alternative)

Alternative spelling of bolboreta (butterfly)


microorganismo

gl-noun

microorganismo m (plural microorganismos)


portada

Attested since the 15th century. From porta (“door”) + -ada.

(computing) main page, home page (of a website)


extraterrestre

extraterrestre m or f by sense (plural extraterrestres)


praia

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese praia, from Medieval Latin plagia, possibly from Latin plaga + Ancient Greek πλάγῐος (plágĭos).

etymon

beach (shore of a body of water, especially when sandy or pebbly)


laxe

laxes (plural)
las (alternative)
laas (alternative)
laxa (alternative)

→ Spanish: laja

From the medieval form lagea, previously documented in local Medieval Latin as lagena; from Paleo-Hispanic; probably from Proto-Celtic *laginā (“blade”). Compare Welsh llain (“blade, sword, spear”) and Old Irish láige (“mattock, spade; broad spearhead”).


aguacate

[ɑ.ɣ̞wɑˈkɑ.t̪ɪ]

[ɑ.ɣ̞wɑˈkɑ.t̪ɪ]

[ɑ.ħwɑˈkɑ.t̪ɪ]

From Classical Nahuatl ahuacatl (“avocado”).


dó

From Old Galician-Portuguese doo, from Latin dolus. Cognate with Portuguese dó, Spanish duelo, Catalan dol, French deuil, Italian duolo.


aventura

From Old Galician-Portuguese aventura, from Vulgar Latin *adventūra, from Late Latin adventūrus, from Latin advenīre, adventum (“to arrive”), which in the Romance languages took the sense of "to happen, befall".


resposta

From Old Galician-Portuguese resposta, reposta, from responder, corrupted by posta, feminine past participle of põer (Galician pór). Compare Asturian respuesta, Catalan resposta, Italian risposta, Portuguese resposta, Spanish respuesta.