tina

From Old Galician-Portuguese tỹa (“bathtub”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin tīna (“wine vessel”), from Etruscan 𐌈𐌉𐌍𐌀 (θina, “type of vessel”).


cava

From Old Galician-Portuguese cava (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): Back-formation from cavar.

(viticulture) digging, hoeing the ground


cardo

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin carduus.

mays a terra mays lle criaua cardos et espyñas et outras eruas et cousas danosas que o estoruauam que [nõ] o que el semẽtaua

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 7:

but the earth did not produce but thistles and thorns and other plants and weeds that would rather hinder him than that that he sowed


corpo

From Old Galician-Portuguese corpo, from Latin corpus.


mouro

gl-noun

mouro m (plural mouros, feminine moura, feminine plural mouras)

mouros (plural)
moura (feminine)
mouras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mouro (“Moor”), from Latin Maurus (“Moor”), from Ancient Greek μαυρός (maurós, “dark”). With the meaning of goblin, probably from Proto-Celtic *marwos (“dead”).

inh+

era a guerra conos mouros tam grande et tam cotiaa

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 281:

the war with the Moors [Muslims from Andalusia] was so large and so persistent

by extension, an Arab or a Muslim person


mouro

humanoid supernatural being that usually dwells in the netherworld


torre

From Old Galician-Portuguese torre, from Latin turris, turrem (“tower”), borrowed from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis).

(architecture, military) stronghold, keep, tower house

prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torre

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 806:

they tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower


panca

From Old Galician-Portuguese *paanca (cf. the derived term paancada, 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin palanca, perhaps from Latin phalanga, from the accusative form of Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “log, trunk, body of soldiers, etc.”). Cf. Spanish palanca, English plank, planch.


matemático

gl-noun

matemático m (plural matemáticos, feminine matemática, feminine plural matemáticas)

matemáticos (plural)
matemática (feminine)
matemáticas (feminine plural)

From Latin mathēmaticus, from Ancient Greek μαθηματικός (mathēmatikós), from μάθημα (máthēma, “knowledge, learning”).


tallo

13th century. Back-formation from tallar. Compare Portuguese talho and Spanish tajo.

a trunk section used for sitting or cutting


cando

From older candano, from a substrate language, from Proto-Celtic *kando-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand- (“to shine, glow”); compare Latin candeō (“glow”) and Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros, “charcoal”).
Cognate with Asturian cándanu.

cog

dry or partially burnt twig used as firewood


cine

Clipping of cinema, from Ancient Greek κῑ́νημα (kī́nēma, “movement”).


Pedro

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek πέτρος (pétros)
Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros)bor.
Latin Petrus
Old Galician-Portuguese Pedro
Galician Pedro
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Pedro, from Latin Petrus, borrowed from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros).

etymon

(biblical) Peter (leading Apostle in the New Testament)

a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Peter


rastro

13th century. From Latin rastrum (“rake”).

Ca hũu arçipreste do castelo, ome mao et auol, foy aa caça et, el andando per aquel monte, caerõlle os podengos no rastro do conde et da jnfãte

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 134:

Because an archpriest of the castle, a mean and vile man, went hunting and, while wandering about that hill, his hounds found the trail of the count and the Princess

track; trail (mark left by something that has passed along)

a fishing technique which uses long handled rakes


homem

From Old Galician-Portuguese ome, from earlier Old Galician-Portuguese omẽe, from Iberian Vulgar Latin *omine, from Latin hominem, accusative of homō, from Proto-Italic *hemō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰm̥mṓ (“earthling”).


rubio

gl-noun

rubio m (plural rubios, feminine rubia, feminine plural rubias)

rubios (plural)
rubia (feminine)
rubias (feminine plural)
roibo (alternative)
rubeo (alternative)

From Latin rubeus. Cognate with Portuguese ruivo and Spanish rubio.


pau

From Old Galician-Portuguese pao, from Latin pālus (“stake”), from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ- (“attach”). Compare Portuguese pau and Spanish palo.

[Et] poserõ perlos muros beesteyros et arque[yro]s muytos et outros, pera deytar quantos et paos agudos metudos en ferros, en guisa que os que se quisesem chegar ao muro nõ podesem escapar de morte

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 605:

And they arranged many crossbowmen and bowmen on the walls, to throw stones and sharp sticks inserted in irons, so as the ones who wanted to came near the wall could not escape the death

Tres ballestas: J de aseyro, IJ de pao

1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos. Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega (Ponencia de Lingua), page 171:

Three crossbows: one of steel, two of wood

Santo San Bras de Viana feito de pau de amieiro

1700, Domingo Blanco, editor, A Poesía popular en Galicia, Vigo: Serais, page 124:

Saint Saint [sic] Blaise of Viana, carved in alder wood


teatro

Learned borrowing from Latin theātrum (“theatre; stage”), from Ancient Greek θέατρον (théatron, “a place for viewing”), from θεάομαι (theáomai, “to see; to watch; to observe”).

der

Na cidade hai seis teatros.

Había unha fila enorme de xente á porta do teatro. Teatro municipal.

There was a huge line of people at the door of the theater. Municipal theater.

(countable) theater (a place or building, consisting of a stage and seating, in which an audience gathers to watch plays, musical performances, public ceremonies, and so on)


achaque

Attested since circa 1300. Probably from Arabic شَكَا (šakā, “complain”).

Meu sobrino pouco biche no camiño que Aca muyto mais pasou esa jente Aca chegou e nonos deixaron biño Pan nen pasta que ata estar de choz non lle basta darlles da bianda boa mesturada con boroa so pantrigo non segasta. Ja A bezina non tengalo nen galiña; polo camiño e congostra fan mais mal que no a lagostra son como abes de Rapiña, Lagumeiros, lapuzes e lacoeiros que con Achaque da guerra quedou ynsinada A terra a consentir lacoeiros

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

My nephew, little did you see in the road, because here much more happened: that people here arrived and they didn't left us wine, bread or paste, that even [?] was not enough for them; giving them good viand admixed with black bread, so the wheat bread is not spent. Now the neighbour has no hen or rooster; in the road and the lane they do more harm than locusts; they are like birds of prey, loafers[?], guzzlers and gluttons that with the pretext of the war the country was left taught to consent gluttons


tombo

Possibly ultimately from Ancient Greek τύμβος (túmbos, “tomb”), but perhaps better from Proto-Celtic *tumbos (“mound”). Cognate with Irish tom.

outorgamos duas cartas de aforamento, anbas en un tenor, huna para bos, o dicto Pero de Bilar, et outra para que fique enno tonbo do dicto moesteyro

1493, J. L. Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 446:

we grant two contractual charters, both having the same content, one for you, said Pedro de Vilar, and another for being kept at the cartulary of said monastery


apio

apios (plural)
aipo (alternative)
ampio (alternative)

Para esto ual enprasto feito de çumo da alosna et do apeo et de çera et de exulla de porco uello et pouco de vjno branco et ferua todo esto desuun con fariña triga

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 125:

For this is good a plaster made of wormwood juice, and of celery, and of wax, and of old pork grease, and some white wine, and let all this boil with wheat flour


brasa

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese brasa, from Vulgar Latin *brasa, of uncertain origin, perhaps Germanic, from Gothic *𐌱𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰 (*brasa, “glowing coal”), from Proto-Germanic *brasō (“gleed, crackling coal”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to seethe, boil, brew”), or from *bʰres- (“to crack, break, burst”).
Cognate with Fala and Portuguese brasa.

der

sacar a brasa coa man allea

to take away the embers with the hand of other

(in the singular or in the plural) ember, live coal; embers


cazón

cazóns (plural)
caçom (alternative)
cação (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese caçon, perhaps from Vulgar Latin *cattiō from cattus (“cat”), given that many of these sharks are named catfish or dogfish in a number of languages. Compare Portuguese cação, Catalan cassó, Sicilian cazzuni.

Galeorhinus galeus
Galeorhinus galeus#Translingual


vulgo

Borrowed from Latin vulgus. Compare Portuguese vulgo.


pianista

gl-noun

pianista m or f by sense (plural pianistas)


lume

13th century. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lume, from Latin lūmen. Cognate with Portuguese lume, Asturian llume, Spanish lumbre.

inh+

Ay, meu fillo, alegria do meu curaçõ, lume dos meus ollos, solaz da mjna velleçe!

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I. E. O. P. F, page 481:

Woe! My son, joy of my heart, light of my eyes, solace of my old age!

ca despois que anoyteçeu tornou outrosí escuro speso a sobreguisa, et nõ fazía luar nẽ lume, pouco nẽ mais.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 689:

because after nightfall it became dark, and this darkness was exceedingly thick, and it was neither moonlight nor light, no less or more

se alguas seeteyras ou lançeyros estan feytas en a parede da dicta casa, que as çarren de pedra et que as non abran nunca nen façan y outras alguas a saluo fique en o sotoo da dicta casa as lumeeyras que foren neçesarias et perteesçentes para dar lume ao dicto sotoo que non seian por maneyra de defensa algua

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

if some arrowslits or embrasures are built in the walls of that tower house, they must be closed in stone, never to be reopened, and they shouldn't build new ones, with this exception: that in the ground floor there should be the needed and sufficient skylights for giving light to said ground floor, as long as they are used for defending

A hipótese básica é que os lumes, por máis que sexan intencionados, non obedecen a unha lóxica económica de potencia irregular de ano en ano, senón a causas continuamente presentes

1990, Xaquín Fernández Leiceaga, Economia (politica) do monte galego, page 103:

The basic hypothesis is that forest fires, even being caused intentionally, don't follow year after year an economic logic of irregular potential, but instead causes that are continuously present


firme

From Old Galician-Portuguese firme (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin firmis, from Latin firmus.

solid ground where foundations are built


chufa

From Old Galician-Portuguese chufa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Back-formation from chufar (“to brag”).


mafioso

gl-noun

mafioso m (plural mafiosos, feminine mafiosa, feminine plural mafiosas)

mafiosos (plural)
mafiosa (feminine)
mafiosas (feminine plural)


lado

From Old Galician-Portuguese lado (“side”), from Latin latus (“side”).


lado

Probably from Old Galician-Portuguese lado (“wide, broad”), from Latin latus (“wide, broad”).


cima

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cima, from Latin cȳma, from Ancient Greek κῦμα (kûma, “something swollen; wave, billow”), from κύω (kúō, “I am pregnant, conceive”).


lapa

Obscure. Probably from Paleo-Hispanic *lappa; less likely from Proto-Germanic *lappô: "rag", then "border", then, hypothetically, "shelter".

unk

Obscure


lapa

Obscure

(figurative) Someone dependent; someone disregarding or ignorant of another's personal space


lapa

Perhaps from lapar (“to lap, lick with the tonge”).


sapo

ancient amulet against sorcery in the form of a small bag with one esconxuro (incantation, spell) inside


marra

From Latin marra (“hoe”), probably from a Semitic language, ultimately from Akkadian. Compare Classical Syriac ܡܪܐ (marrā, “hoe, shovel”), Arabic مَرّ (marr, “shovel, spade”), and Akkadian 𒄑𒈥 (marru).

cog

que page por esta medida cada lavrador que labrar con dous boys des e oyto medidas arrapadas e o que lavrar con huun boy nove medidas et o que lavrar con amarra tres medidas

1412, José García Oro, editor, Galicia en la Baja Edad Media. Iglesia, señorío y nobleza, Santiago: Bibliófilos Gallegos, page 238:

each peasant should pay by this measure: the one ploughing with two oxen, eighteen levelled measures; the one ploughing with one, nine measures; the one ploughing with a hoe, three


marra

Deverbal from marrar (“to lack; to miss”), from Proto-Germanic *marzijaną (“to disturb; hinder; impede”).

der

que ouuo senpre de custume de non meter vinno de fora parte en esta vila et saluo que os visinnos da villa ouueren de sua lauoria et sua marra

1389, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 206:

because it was the custom of this town not to introduce wine from the outside, except if the neighbours needed it and lacked it


tabaco

[t̪aˈβ̞ɑ.kʊ]


talla

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese talla (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Back-formation from tallar. Compare Portuguese talha.

inh+

first cut practiced to a tree when cutting down it

notched wood strip used to codify debts or obligations


caravel

Attested since the 18th century. Probably from Catalan clavell. Compare Spanish clavel.


profesor

gl-noun

profesor m (plural profesores, feminine profesora, feminine plural profesoras)

profesores (plural)
profesora (feminine)
profesoras (feminine plural)
professor (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese professor.


prado

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese prado, from Latin prātum. Compare Portuguese and Spanish prado and English prairie.


salchicha

[s̺ɑlʲˈt͡ʃi.t͡ʃɐ]


sona

Attested since 1708. From son (“sound”).


asno

From Old Galician-Portuguese asno, from Latin asinus.

Ano Domini M.o CCCCLVIII anos, des dias do mes de mayo, en Ourense, enas praças da dita çidade foy dado pregón altas [voses] por Aluaro Fernandes, pregoeiro, et por mandado dos rejedores et procurador, en que mandauan et defendían que persona algua non fose ousado de deytar bestas nen asnos nen porcos nen booys nen bacas nen carneyros nen rosellos nen cabras, de dia nen de de noyte, et qual quer persona que achar qual quer besta de noyte en sua viña que a mate sen pena, et se a achar de dia que a traga aa corte et page a coutaría et mal que feser ena viña á seu dono, et se achar os ditos gaandos, quaes quer que sejan, ou porcos, boys ou vacas ou carneyros ou roxellos de dia ou de noyte, que os mate sen pena algua, o qual todo se asy deu por pregón.

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 156:


fraga

13th century, from Old Galician-Portuguese, from an Iberian Vulgar Latin fraga, plural of fragum, from fragōsus (“rough”), from fragor, from frangō (“break, shatter”).

Iba sempre a cabalo, pois tiña que andar máis de catro légoas por fragas, devesas e caborcos.

1948, Revista de Guimarães, volumes 58-60, page 303:

He always rode a horse, as he had to travel over four leagues through isolated forests, sparse woods and gullies.

an isolated forest with deciduous trees, herbs, mosses, lichens and a diverse fauna


abanico

Deverbal from abanicar, itself from abanar (“to rock”).


abeto

From Old Galician-Portuguese abete (“lure”), probably from Old French abeter or from Old Occitan abetar, from Proto-Germanic *baitō.


polpa

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin pulpa. Cognate with Portuguese polpa and Spanish pulpa.

generic name for any fleshy parts of the body: calves, fingertips, hand eminences, etc.


sardo

gl-noun

sardo m (plural sardos, feminine sarda, feminine plural sardas)

sardos (plural)
sarda (feminine)
sardas (feminine plural)

Sardinian (native or inhabitant of Sardinia, Italy) (usually male)


canella

From Latin *callicula (“little road, little street”), diminutive of callis, or from canalicula (“little channel”). Compare Spanish calleja and canaleja.


sopa

From Proto-Germanic *suppô (“soup, sop”), directly through a Germanic language or from Vulgar Latin suppa (“sopped bread”). From Proto-Indo-European *sū-, *sewH- (“wetness, moisture, rain; juice; to suck, flow”).

sopped bread; a piece of bread soaked in broth, milk, or wine


alegría

From Old Galician-Portuguese alegria (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from alegre + -ía.

botar as alegría

to exert oneself in excess; to throw out the lights


molo

molos (plural)
meolo (alternative)
molo (alternative)

central piece of the Galician cart wheel, which is united on its extremes with the cambas, or curved pieces of the wheel's felly, and has in its center the wheel's nave


pota

Probably from Old French pot. Further etymology is obscure; perhaps from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot”), from Proto-Indo-European *budn- (“a type of vessel”).

unk

obscure

der

the pot told the cauldron: "Go away, you're going to mess me up!" (the pot calling the kettle black)

díxolle a pota ao caldeiro: "Achégate aló que me luxas!" (proverb)


turco

gl-noun

turco m (plural turcos, feminine turca, feminine plural turcas)

turcos (plural)
turca (feminine)
turcas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese turquo, from Medieval Latin Turcus, borrowed from Byzantine Greek Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos), borrowed from Classical Persian ترک, from Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥), from Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k.

etymon

(derogatory, vulgar, slang) native or inhabitant of A Coruña


samo

marrow, live bone inside a horn or a hoof


lenzo

From Old Galician-Portuguese lenço (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin linteum (“linen cloth”), from linteus.

Et se algũu quiser dar algũu pano de lenço para cobrir o altar de Santiago, deueo a dar de noue palmos en ancho et de viinte et hũu en longo.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 159:

And if anyone would want to give a cloth of linen for covering Saint Jame's altar, it must be nine handspans in wide and twenty-one in long

Et en outro dia ouverõ cõsello Calrros cõ os seus caualeiros, et mãdou enbrullar as cabeças dos caualos de lenços et encher as orellas de dentro de panos, que nẽ podesen veer as carãtonas nẽ oyr as vozes da cãpaynas.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117:

And another day they had a council, Charlemagne with his knights, an he ordered to wrap the horse heads with linens and to fill their ears with clothes, so that they could not see the masks nor hear the little bells

canvas (a piece of cloth stretched across a frame on which one may paint)


graal

From Old French graal (“cup”), from Medieval Latin gradalis, possibly corrupted over time from Latin crater (“bowl”).


misto

Attested since the 19th century. Ultimately from Latin mixtus. Doublet of mesto.


ladrillo

ladrillos (plural)
ladrilho (alternative)

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Spanish ladrillo, from a diminutive form of Latin later. Compare Portuguese ladrilho.

cinco mil ladrillos ben cozidos e de boo barro

1484, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 445:

five thousand bricks, correctly fired and made of good clay


brío

From Old Galician-Portuguese brio (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Perhaps borrowed from Spanish brío, or directly from a substrate language, from Proto-Celtic *brīgos (“strength”), cognate with Welsh bri and Old Irish bríg.


observatorio

observatorios (plural)
observatório (alternative)

[ɔb.s̺ɛɾ.β̞aˈt̪ɔ.ɾjʊ]


folla

From Old Galician-Portuguese folla (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin folia, from the plural of Latin folium. Cognate with Portuguese folha, Asturian fueya, Spanish hoja.

1388, M. A. Comesaña Martínez (1995), tombo do Hospital e Ermida de santa María do Camiño de Pontevedra. Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 69

Estas duas follas que de aqui faleçen tirey eu Rui Matines, notario, deste libro por quanto os escrivãaos de miña notaria lançaron ende algũas escripturas que non devian ser aqui asentadas

1417, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 32

These two leaves that are lacking here were removed from this book by me Roi Martínez, notary, because the scribes of my office put there some scriptures which shouldn't be recorded here

each one of the parts or turns in which a terrain is divided for it to go fallow


rinoceronte

From Latin rhīnocerōtem, from Ancient Greek ῥινόκερως (rhinókerōs), from ῥίς, ῥινός (rhís, rhinós, “nose”) + κέρας (kéras, “horn”).


menta

[ˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ɐ]

From Latin menta, mentha, from Ancient Greek μίνθη (mínthē).

mint (any plant in the genus Mentha in the family Lamiaceae)

Mentha spicata
Mentha spicata#Translingual


menta

Buccinum undatum
Wikispecies:Buccinum undatum

Littorina littorea
Wikispecies:Littorina littorea

Clelandella miliaris
Clelandella miliaris#English


porro

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin porrum (“leek”).


noz

noces (plural)
anoz (alternative)
noce (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese noz (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *nŏcem, alteration of Latin nucem.


verza

→ Portuguese: berça

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese verça, verza, verssa, from Vulgar Latin *virdia (see for cognates), from syncopation of Latin viridia, neuter plural of viridis (“green”).

inh

Pedro Periz filou vun nabo con ſuas uerſſas na mao da dita curtina τ meteuo ao dito abade na mao, dizendo que la entregaua a dita curtina τ aſ ditas caſas como ſuas

1283, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 191

Pedro Pérez took in his hand a turnip of the aforementioned farmland, with its greens, and put it in the hand of the abbot, while saying that the was giving back this farmland with its buildings

de uerzas durto et de nabos et de lino meadade

1257, Andrés Martínez Salazar, editor, Documentos gallegos de los siglos XIII al XVI, A Coruña: Casa de la Misericordia, page 25:

a half of garden greens, of turnips, and of flax

en como foran por cuatro ou çinco veses á hua sua horta, que está en Ouçande, et que lla astragaran toda eno veraao et en este inuerno et quarta feira, et o dia donte se foran outra ves á dita orta, dando ena viña et orta, et arrincaran as verças et coellas, fasta un carro de verças, et todas arrincaran et leuaran, en diñeiros que non quisera por tresentos morauedis vellos, et, porque lles diseran hun seu moço Fernando et hua sua moça Margarida que fasían mal en estragar asy a dita orta et leuar as ditas verças et coellas, que diseran á moça que a coutauan por puta carcaberia, et a o moço que lle diseran que se fose pera vyllaao traidor ontre él et seu dono, et que estauan de lles birtar as cabeças, se mays esteuesen en elo, et elles que lles desían que fasían mal, por que eran escomungados por cartas descomuyón que estauan dadas pera todos los que estragauan as ortas et que leuauan as verças salgadas, et que elles que diseran que por eso as querían leuar, porque eran salgadas

1459, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 332:

and how they went four or five times to his garden, which is in Ouzande, and that they wasted it completely in the summer and this winter and Wednesday and yesterday they went again to said garden, by the vineyard and garden, and they uprooted the greens collards and young collards, till a cartful of green collards, and that all of them they uprooted and took away, in money, no less than three hundred old marvavedis;

non pode querer ó noso Rey que lle paguemos un carto polo neto do viño, que non podemos vender á ochavo. Os probes non comemos mais ca un pouco de pan, ou bróa ruin, e unhas berzas sin adubo. Si nos quita a pinga do viño, ¿que forza emos ter para traballar as terras?

1805, anonymous, Representación dos veciños da Pontedeva (in Ramón Mariño Paz, 2008, Papés d'emprenta condenada. A escrita galega entre 1797 e 1846, page 21-23)

our King can't pretend that we pay a quarter by each pint of wine [we consume], when we can't even sell it for half a quarter. We the poor people eat but a little of bread, or bad black bread, and some greens without seasoning. If He takes this little wine, what strength we'll have left for working the lands?

Brassica oleracea var. acephala#Translingual

collard; wild mustard, wild cabbage; kale; Brassica oleracea var. acephala


grao

1274, M. Lucas Alvarez & P. P. Lucas Domínguez (ed.), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Publicacións de Caixa Galicia, page 391

If any man or woman against this my selling comes, for breaking it, from my part as well as other's, have my curse until the seventh degree and the wrath of God forever

E se alguun ome uel moler contra esta mýa vendicon a deromper veer, assy de mýa parte como doutra agia a mýa maldiçon ata setimo grao e a yra de Deus pro sempre


mero

Unknown. Perhaps of local Celtic origin, related to *mrktilos (“speckled”) which originates a number of names of fish in Brittonic languages; in that case, from Proto-Indo-European *mergʷ- (“dark, coloured”).

der

Iten a libra dos rodavallos et do mero a seis dineiros cada libra

1417, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75

Item, the pound of turbots and of grouper fish, six diñeiros each pound


bringa

From Proto-Celtic *brīnika (“twig”), cognate with Welsh brwyn (“rushes”).

wood sheet used in the elaboration of baskets


fachada

Borrowed from Italian facciata (“façade”).

bor+

(figuratively) anything used to hide a fault, criminal activities, etc.


relo

Back-formation from relar or either from Latin rallum.

1459, A. López Carreira (ed.), Fragmentos de notarios, doc. D40a

Item, two iron candlesticks, a scrapper for bread, a basket with tablecloths

Iten dous candeiros de ferro, hun rello de rellar pan, hun qestella de mantees cobertoyras


relo

relos (plural)
ralo (alternative)
renlo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese *rãelo (compare Portuguese ralo), from a Proto-Galician ranello: ra + -elo, "little frog".

inh+

Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa
Wikispecies:Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa


tira

14th century. Probably from Old French tire (“row”), from a Germanic source. Alternatively, a deverbal from tirar.

e fiz scribir en estas seis tiras de papel con esta en que vay meu signal, e bay coseyta una con outra con fio blanco; e en cada tira nas espaldas bay firmado do meu nome

1399, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 584:

and I ordered to write in this six strips of paper, with this one where it is my sign, and they are sewn one with another with white thread; and in each strip, in the back, there is a signature with my name

1459, Anselmo López Carreira (ed.), Fragmentos de notarios (Séculos XIV-XV), doc. D40a

Three shreds of cured cow, a table with its feet and another bench where there are two baskets with dough and another basket with dough

Tres tiras de vaca chaçina, huna mesa de pees et outro banco en que seen duas çestas de masa et mays outro çesto de masa.

figwort (a plant of the genus Scrophularia)


judeu

judeus (plural)
judia (feminine)
judias (feminine plural)


bola

From Latin bulla. Doublet of bóla and of bula.

piece of bread usually round, large and low

O qual privilegio era bolado de [...] bola de chunbo et de fios de sirgo do qual o tenor era tal en latin feyto, et por quanto en latin non entendian [todo homes pidio al] dito sennor que llo traladasse en romanço

1342, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 177

The aforementioned charter was sealed with … seal of lead and threads of silk, and its content was written in Latin, and since Latin wasn't understood by everyone, the aforementioned lord asked for the document to be translated into Romance


dedal

From Late Latin digitāle, from Latin digitālis (“digital”), from digitus. Doublet of dixital.


orde

From Old Galician-Portuguese ordin, orden, from Latin ōrdō, ōrdinem.


ladrón

gl-noun

ladrón m (plural ladróns, feminine ladroa or ladra, feminine plural ladroas or ladras)

ladróns (plural)
ladroa (feminine)
ladra (feminine)
ladroas (feminine plural)
ladras (feminine plural)
ladrom (alternative)
ladrão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese ladron, from Latin latrō. Cognate with Portuguese ladrão and Spanish ladrón.

Coida o ladrón que todos o son

The thief thoughts that everybody also is one

Tamén os ladróns d'aquí n'están a boas co inferno. Se o puderan atafegar! O que n'ha ir alá pensa: se hai que haxa; se arde, deixá-lo arder. Pero o que ve que vai direitiño! Cánto s'alegraría que no'o houbese! Que non fose máis que contos de cregos para ganar un peso.

1929, Celestino García Romero, Inferno e gloria:

The thieves here are also at odds with hell. If they could dose it! The one who isn't going to go there thinks: if it exists, let it exist; if it burns, let it burn. But the one that goes straight towards it, how much would he rejoice if it doesn't exists! That it is but priest's tales make to gain a fivepence.

(horticulture, winemaking) a undesirable unfruitful sprout or shoot which steals nutrients


peido

From Old Galician-Portuguese peido, from Latin pēditum (“fart”). Cognate with Portuguese peido and Spanish pedo.

Sei que un día desaparecerei, en silencio,

2020, Malandrómeda, Galician Edi Murfi [song]

I know that one day I'll disappear, in silence,
anonymous as a fart in a funeral


celta

Learned borrowing from Latin Celtae, from Ancient Greek Κελτοί (Keltoí), Κελταί (Keltaí), Herodotus’ word for the Gauls, from Proto-Celtic *kel-to, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to strike, beat”).

der

Celt (a member of one of the ancient peoples of Western Europe)


taberna

[t̪aˈβ̞ɛɾ.nɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese taverna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin taberna (“inn, tavern, shop”), by dissimilation from *traberna, from trabs.

Polas noites está sempre na taberna tomando viño e xogando a partida cos amigos.

He's always at the pub during the evening, drinking wine and playing cards with his friends.


sombra

sombras (plural)
sóma (alternative literary proscribed)
sôma (alternative literary proscribed)

From Old Galician-Portuguese soonbra, perhaps from Latin sub (“under”) + umbra (“shadow”).

D’esta fontiña áa beira froleada
sentado áa sombra de un chorón estóu
doído o peito, á alma esconsolada
triste morrendo pouco a pouco vóu.

By the flowery side of this spring,
sitting in the shade of a weeping willow I am,
aching heart, disconsolate soul,
sad, little by little I die

estaua Paris adeante su a soonbra de hũ moy grande et forte rrobre

c. 1350, Kelvin M. Parker, editor, Historia Troyana, page 50:

Paris was ahead, under the shadow of a very large and strong oak tree

Cando penso que te fuches,
negra sombra que me asombras,
ó pé dos meus cabezales
tornas facéndome mofa.
Cando maxino que es ida,
no mesmo sol te me amostras,
i eres a estrela que brila,
i eres o vento que zoa.
Si cantan, es ti que cantas,
si choran, es ti que choras,
i es o marmurio do río
i es a noite i es a aurora.
En todo estás e ti es todo,
pra min i en min mesma moras,
nin me abandonarás nunca,
sombra que sempre me asombras.

1880, Rosalía de Castro, Cantares Gallegos:

When I think that you're gone,
dark shadow that shadows me,
at the feet of my bed
you return to mock me.

When I'm imagining you're gone,
in the sun itself you show yourself,
and you are the star that glitters
and you are the wind that howls.

if they sing, it's you, singing,
if they cry, it's you, crying,
and you are the river's murmur,
and you're the night, and you're the dawn.

Everywhere you're and you're everything,
for me and in myself you dwell,
but you'll never left me alone,
shadow that always shadows me.


rabo

From Old Galician-Portuguese rabo, probably from Latin rāpum (“turnip”).


cacha

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cachas (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *cappla, contracted form of *cappula, from the plural of capulum (“hilt”).

inh+

(usually in the plural) scale (side plate of the handle of a knife)

Antes os pais dicían ós fillos: "se te portas mal vas levar nas cachas!"

In the past the parents used to say to their children: "if you misbehave you'll be spanked [on your buttocks]!"

(colloquial, usually in the plural) buttock


caracol

Uncertain. Possibly from a derivation of Vulgar Latin *cochleār, Latin cochlea (“snail”), from Ancient Greek κοχλίας (kokhlías, “spiral, snail shell”). Compare with culler (“spoon”). Alternatively, possibly of pre-Roman Indo-European origin.


manda

mandas (plural)
mada (alternative)
meada (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese mãada, from Latin manuata (“a handful”). Cognate with Spanish manada and Italian manata.


manda

Back-formation from mandar (“to command; bequeath”)

back-formation

Rogolles por amor de deus et por lo amor et amizade que con elles senpre ouue que cunplan esta mina manda do dia que eu finar ata dous meses

1380, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 613:

I ask of them [the executors], for the love of God and for the love and friendship that I always had with them, to carry out this bequest of mine in two months from the day I die


trompa

From Old Galician-Portuguese tronpa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Onomatopoeic or alternatively from a Germanic language. Compare English trumpet and drum.

Et começou o torneo a creçer tãto, et a seer o acapelamento tã grande, et a uolta et os braados et os alaridos et os sõos dos cornos et das tronpas tã grandes et tã esquiuos que ome nõ se podía oýr

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 561:

And the tournament began to grow so much, and the carnage was so large, and the din and the shouts and the yells and the sound of the horns and of the trumpets so big and harsh that a man couldn't heard himself

trunk (extended nasal organ of an elephant)

(anatomy) tube especially Fallopian tube (duct)

(humorous) nose (protuberance on the face)

(figurative) drunkenness (state of being drunk)


oco

From an Old Galician-Portuguese verb, from the Latin verb occō, occāre (“to harrow”).


bullo

From bagullo, from baga (“grape, berry”).


bullo

(geography) muddy well, spring or puddle


burla

burlas (plural)
bulra (alternative)
burra (alternative)

Unknown. From Old Galician-Portuguese burla (13th century, earliest attestation of this word); probably from Paleo-Hispanic. Cognate with Portuguese burla, Spanish burla, Catalan burla.

porque a memoria da Eglleia de Yria he Ja quasy perdida, porende eu, querendo a alguũ tanto tornar a memoria dos que nõ saben nẽ creen Ja que fose obispado -ante o han por bulrra-

1460, Rui Vasques, edited by J. A. Souto Cabo, Crónica de Santa María de Iria, page 93:

because the memory of the Church of Iria is almost lost, then I, wanting to bring back this remembrance to those than don't know and no longer believe that Iria was a bishopric -they even take this for a joke-

chegou a Panpelona et acaeçeu que lle morreu a moller y, et hũ ospede mao cõ que pousaua tomoulle quanto tragia por bulrra, et viose desanparado

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago., Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 180:

he arrived to Pamplona, and it happened that his wife died there, and a mean guest with whom he was staying took everything he was carrying using a fraud, and he found himself helpless


callo

From Old Galician-Portuguese *coallo, from Vulgar Latin, from Latin coagulum following syncopation. Doublet of the borrowing coágulo.

(anatomy) abomasum (fourth stomach compartment of a ruminant)


calo

Attested since circa 1390. From Latin callum (“callus”), from Proto-Indo-European *kal (“hard”).

Et tãtas vezes ficou os jeonllos ẽno dia fazẽdo oraçõ a Deus, que tragia en eles calos

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 19:

And so many times he rested on his knees that day praying God, that he brought calluses on them

Unha vella de Taboadelo
díxolle a outra de Xustáns
que tiña máis calos na cona
que o ferreiro ten nas mans
An old woman from Taboadelo

that she had more calluses in the cunt
than a blacksmith in his hands

callus (material occurring in bone fractures)


calza

From Old Galician-Portuguese calça (13th century), from Early Medieval Latin calcea, from Latin calceus (“shoe”).

calçaronllj hũas calças daquel meesmo pano

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 667:

they put on him some hoses of the same cloth

(rare, usually in the plural) breeches, hoses

Iten que se vendan os çapatos en esta maneira: os çapatos de corda para sobre calça acostumados a trese branquas et hũu coroado et os çapatos de ome de pẽe et de lavrador trése branquas et hũu coroado

1417, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 76

Item, that they sell the shoes in this manner: the usual laced shoes for over the sock, thirteen whites and a crown each one, and the men's shoes for peons of workers, thirteen whites and a crown

(rare, usually in the plural) stocking; socks


canoa

Borrowed from Spanish canoa, from Taíno *kanowa


patín

patíns (plural)
patim (alternative)
potín (alternative)

terrace in a house which is acceded through an exterior staircase and that opens to the upper floor


casta

Probably from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), compare English cast. Alternatively from a derivative of Latin castus.

ser da casta do Demo

to be a bad person; to be one of the Devil's offspring

ben dicen alí que cando un home ten un bocado, nunca lle marran amigos. Dou ó Demo a casta deles Si non sirven para máis.

1807, anonymous author, Segundo diálogo dos esterqueiros:

wisely they say that a man which has food never is short of friends. I send to hell their kind if they are good for nothing else

lineage, progeny, offspring, group of people who share the same ancestors


baga

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin bāca (“berry”).


facha

14th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese facha, from Vulgar Latin *fascla, from syncopation of *fascula, from Latin facula (“small torch”) crossed with fascis (“bundle”). Compare Portuguese facha, Spanish hacha.

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", p. 57

in the room there were a great light because of the candles and torches burning there

Et ẽna camara avia moy grã lume de candeas et de fachas que y ardiam

torch (especially made from a bunch or faggot of straw)


facha

From Italian faccia, probably through Spanish facha.

looks of a person, when considered negatively


facha

From Spanish facha, from Italian fascista. Compate French facho.


facha

From Old Galician-Portuguese facha, presumably from Old Spanish facha, from Old French hache (“axe”). Compare modern Spanish hacha.


partidismo

partisanship (an inclination to be partisan or biased)


óleo

Learned borrowing from Latin oleum (“oil, olive oil”), replacing the semi-learned form oyo (13ᵗʰ century, Cantigas de Santa Maria).

lbor

fine flour (finest portion of ground grain, as in French fleur de farine)

Para esto val a manteiga mesturada con olio de louro

1409, Pensado Tomé, edited by José Luis, Tratado de Albeitaria, page 109:

For this is good the butter mixed with laurel oil


hipoteca

Attested since 1384. Learned borrowing from Latin hypothēca (“pledge, mortgage”).


linde

Inherited from Latin līmes, līmitem. Compare the borrowed doublet límite.

boundary in between two contiguous properties


sección

seccións (plural)
secção (alternative)
seção (alternative)
seçom (alternative)


cebada

[θeˈβ̞a.ð̞ɐ]

[θeˈβ̞a.ð̞ɐ]

[seˈβ̞a.ð̞ɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese cevada (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cibāta (“food”).

dardes cada ano abbadesa do sobredito moesteyro un jantar neste guisa sosu[dita dar]desnos dous carneyros boos e tres cabritos e V galinnas e pan de centeo que auonde a nosa conpana e V teegas de çeuada por teega [dereita e] se for en inuerno dardesnos para este jantar un porco boo que ualea un mr. de boa moeda e tres cabritos e V galinnas

1287, “El monasterio de San Salvador de Sobrado de Trives”, in E. Duro Peña, editor, Archivos Leoneses, 21, 49, page 72:

you'll give this monastery's abbess a dinner each year in this way: two good rams and three kids and five hens and rye bread enough for our retinue and 5 bushels of barley, correctly measured; and if it happens to be winter you'll give us for this dinner a good pig, valued in three maravedis of good coinage, and three kids and five hens


taxa

From Old Galician-Portuguese taixa (14th century), from taixar (“to tax; to charge a fee”), from Latin taxāre (“to handle; to compute”), from tangō (“I touch”).

prometo, commo leal vasallo, deles fazer pagar as ditas taixas et pedidos et dézemos que devan

1368, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Monasterio de San Salvador de Pedroso en tierras de Trasancos, A Coruña: Deputación Provincial, page 259:

I promise, as a loyal vassal, to make them pay the aforementioned taxes and allotments and tithes that they owe

(taxation) tax (money paid to the government)

(economics) a percentage or ratio of a value


pensionista

gl-noun

pensionista m or f by sense (plural pensionistas)


proa

From Latin prōra, from Ancient Greek πρῷρα (prôira).


significado

Learned borrowing from Latin significātus.


ciclo

From Late Latin cyclus (“cycle”), from Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”).


cilindro

From Latin cylindrus, from Ancient Greek κύλινδρος (kúlindros).


chupa

Attested since circa 1850. From Spanish chupa, from French jupe; ultimately from Arabic جبة. Doublet of xibón.


cinto

From Old Galician-Portuguese cinto (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cinctus.


poema

From Latin poēma, from Ancient Greek ποίημα (poíēma).


solda

yten hordenamos e por ben temos que ningún, nen alguos oficiaas que labrar contas ou fezer labrar ou vender de azabache, que non seja ousado de soldar, nen juntar peça nenhua, conben a saver, ymagen de santiago, nen crucifixo, nen conchas, nen contas, nen sortellas, nen outra pesa nenhua que seja quebrada con betume, nen con cola, nen con solda, nen quon outra cousa

1433, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 493:

item, we order and pleases us that no one, neither some officials who carve beans or order to carve or sell jet, should dare to solder not joint any piece, that is: neither image of Saint James, nor crucifix, nor shells, nor beans, nor rings, nor any other broken thing, with bitumen, nor glue, nor solder, nor with any other thing

Potentilla erecta
Wikispecies:Potentilla erecta


dimensión

dimensións (plural)
dimensom (alternative)
dimensão (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin dīmensiōnem.


oliva

From Old Galician-Portuguese oliva, from Latin olīva. The preservation of intervocalic /l/ is irregular, so it was perhaps borrowed from Mozarabic. Modern pronunciation is adapted from Spanish, since olive and olive oil is not produced in most of Galicia.


fonte

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fonte f, from Latin fontem m (“spring; fountain”). Cognate with Portuguese fonte f and Spanish fuente f.


orgasmo

[ɔɾˈɣ̞ɑz̺.mʊ]

[ɔɾˈɣ̞ɑz̺.mʊ]

[ɔɾˈħɑz̺.mʊ]


aldea

Attested locally since the 13th century, but uncommon before the 14th. From Old Galician-Portuguese aldea, aldeia, from Arabic اَلضَّيْعَة (aḍ-ḍayʕa, “village”). Compare Portuguese aldeia and Spanish aldea.


plátano

Learned borrowing from Latin platanus, from Ancient Greek πλάτανος (plátanos).


sandía

Borrowed from Arabic سِنْدِيَّة (sindiyya, “Sindhi”), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu).

Citrullus lanatus
Citrullus lanatus#Translingual

watermelon (Citrullus lanatus, a vine-like flowering plant)

watermelon (the fruit of the watermelon plant)


colmo

13th century. Probably from Latin culmus (“thatch”), although the open stressed vowel found in some regions and the derived term colmea (“beehive”) suggest the influence of Paleo-Hispanic *kŏlmos; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos. Cognate with Asturian cuelmu.

que façades a dicta metade da dicta casa de pedra e de madeyra e de giestas e de colmo

1408, José Luis Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 318:

you should build that half house with stone and wood and brooms and thatch

thatch (usually the stalks of rye and wheat)


rabia

rabias (plural)
raiba (alternative)
raiva (alternative)


aeroporto

/aɛɾɔˈpoɾtʊ/

O avión chegará ás nove ao aeroporto internacional de Lavacolla.

The plane will arrive at nine at the Lavacolla International Airport.


pintura

From Old Galician-Portuguese pintura, from Vulgar Latin *pinctūra, from Latin pictūra.


cometa

From Latin comēta, from Ancient Greek κομήτης (komḗtēs, “long-haired”).


perdiz

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese perdiz (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin perdīx, perdīcem (“partridge”), from Ancient Greek πέρδιξ (pérdix, “partridge”). Compare Portuguese, Asturian, and Spanish perdiz.


atol

From Proto-Celtic *tullon, *tullos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Compare Spanish tollo (“hole”), Welsh twll, Breton toull, Irish toll.


biografía

From New Latin biographia, based on Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “life”).


cono

From Latin cōnus, from Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos).


cono

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cono m, from Latin cunnus m. Compare Portuguese cono m and cona f.


contento

contentos (plural)
contente (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin contentus. Cognate with Portuguese contente.


merlo

From Late Latin merŭlum, from Latin merula.

Dempois vin dúas lavandeiras que depenicaban unha espiga de trigo na leira de Xan de Pedreira, unha pomba que voaba pró souto de Fonte Boa, unha péga que fuxía de un lagarteiro, catro corvos que espaturraban un canciño morto na carballeira, un melro que asubiaba entre as follas dun cereixo, un carpinteiro que facía o burato pró seu niño; e unha laverca que rebulía no aire, con unha miñoquiña no pico.

1894, Luís Otero Pimentel, Truada de rapaces:

After this I saw two wagtails which were pecking a wheat spike at the field of Xan de Pedreira, a dove flying to the wood of Fonte Boa, a magpie fleeing from a kestrel, four ravens which were clawing at a dead pup at the oak grove, a blackbird whistling in the leaves of a cherry tree, a woodpecker making the hole of its nest; and a lark fluttering in the air with a little earthworm in its beak.


pólvora

/ˈpɔlβo̝ɾa̝/

First attested in the 15th century. From Spanish pólvora, from Old Catalan polvora, polvera, from Late Latin pulvera, a neuter plural based on Latin pulvis m. Doublet of po < *pul(v)us.

Torre de Rriãjo. O que rreçebeu Gonçaluo Mariño de Fernando de Catoyra cõ a casa e fortalesa de Rriãjo. Primeyramẽte: Húa cadea de ferro cõ seu cãdado e çinco farroupeas e dúas esposas. Hũas coyraças. Tres huchas. Tres ballestas: J de aseyro, IJ de pao. Quatro baçinetes. Hũu trono cõ seu serujdor e hũu fole de póluora. Dos carcaixes de biratõos. Hũu torno de armar ballesta.

1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 171:

Tower of Rianxo. What Gonçalvo Mariño received from Fernando of Catoira, together with the tower-house and fortress at Rianxo. First: an iron chain with its padlock and five fetters and two handcuffs. Some cuirasses. Three chests. Three crossbows: one of steel, two of wood. Four bascinets. A bombard with its server and a skin of powder. Two quivers of bolts. A winch for charging crossbows.


Zaragoza

Aragonese: Zaragoza

desctree

→ Old French: Sarragoce, Sarraguce (Anglo-Norman)
French: Saragosse
→ Middle English: [Term?]
English: Saragossa

→ Old Spanish: Çaragoça

Spanish: Zaragoza

Borrowed from Mozarabic, from Latin Caesaraugusta. /st/ > /t͡s/ is characteristic of Mozarabisms.
Many of the attested forms appear to reflect various degrees of blending with the Andalusian Arabic form of the name, سَرَقُسْطَة (saraqusṭa).


morango

morangos (plural)
amorango (alternative)
morengo (alternative)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Vulgar Latin *moranicum, from Latin morum (“mulberry”), or from amora (“bramble; blackberry”) + -ango, but given the related forms amorodo, morogo, morote and the cognates, Portuguese morango and Asturian meruéndano, then probably from a substrate language *morotanu.


ameixa

From Old Galician-Portuguese (independently attested in both corpora), from Vulgar Latin *damascina, from Latin damascēna (prūna) n pl (“Damascene plums”), with a loss of initial 'd'. Cognate with English damson and damascene. Possibly indirectly influenced by Etymology 2.


ameixa

Unknown. Akin to Portuguese amêijoa, Asturian amasuela and Spanish almeja.


ameixeira

outra leira d'erdade que esta alende desta con duas ameixeiras et vides

1365, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 495:

another plot which is beyond this one, with two plum trees and vines


salto

[ˈs̺ɑl̪.t̪ʊ]


bota

Attested since the 14th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, probably from Old French botte (“boot”) of obscure, probably Germanic, origin.

Manda o conçello et os alcalldes, regidores et procuradores desta villa da crunna de parte de noso sennor el Rey et do dito conçello da dita villa et porque asi he ordenança antiga que nehunus çapateiros et outras quasquer personas que non sejan çapateiros et vezinnos et moradores da dita villa et en ela non pagan talla con os outros çapateiros vezjnnos da dita villa que non son confrades dos çapateiros asi como os çapateiros de portal, que non vsen dos ditos ofiçios de çapateria nen vendan çapatos nen botas nen outro calçado de coiro en publico nen ascondido nen los ponnan en tendas nen portaes nen anden a vender por la dita villa et pescaria dela Et desde Palavea et media legoa da villa enderredor a villa saluo se os venderen a engros aos ditos çapateiros que viuen et moran na dita villa ou eles os consentiren vender en seus portaes.

1434, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 609:

the council and mayors, councilmen and agents of this town of A Coruña, on behalf of our lord the King and of this town council, and because so it is an old ordinance; that no shoemaker or whichever other person who is not a shoemaker and neighbour and dweller of the said town and in it they did not pay contributions with the other shoemakers neighbours of the said town and which are not a brother of the guild of the shoemakers, as well as the shoemakers who work at their porches; that they should not use of this office of shoemaking nor should they sell shoes nor boots nor any other leather footwear, nor publicly, nor in hiding, nor should they put them in shops nor porches nor should they go selling them around this town and its fishery [outskirts neighbourhood], nor from Palavea and half a league around this town, except if they sell them in bulk to the said shoemakers that live and dwell in the said town or if they let them sell at their porches


bota

From Old Galician-Portuguese (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin buttis.

Item çinquo odres et hua bota grande

1373, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Transcrición íntegra dos documentos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 191:

Item, five wineskins a one large bota bag

Afonso:
Pond'a messa, Cathaliña.
Christobo:
Sacad'essa bota, Irena.
Alberte:
Sacà, Marta, esse pernil.
Cathaliña:
Homes tende pouca pressa,
que para todo ay bagar.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

Afonso:
"Set the table, Cathaliña."
Christobo:
"Bring out that wineskin, Irena."
Alberte:
"Bring out, Marta, that ham."
Cathaliña:
"Men, be in little hurry,
there is a time for everything."


bota

Tursiops truncatus
Tursiops truncatus#Translingual


portuense

gl-noun

portuense m or f by sense (plural portuenses)


conto

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese conto, from Vulgar Latin, from Latin computus (“calculation”). Doublet of cómputo.

inh+

Et diz o conto que Telémacus fuy moy bõo caualeyro a marauilla et sesudo et dereyteyro.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 744:

An the story says that Telemachus was a wondrous knight and intelligent and righteous

Anque à prea non hègrande
si ca si, ò sacristan
disque à pestàna do figado
se lle hiba alegrando já.
Ô cont'hè, si enturra n'eso
Deus me libre das suas más,
que'anque eu non queira, na Coba
de chantarme heche capàz.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Although the booty is not large,
yes and yes, the sacristan
they say that his liver's eyes
were brightening already.
The issue is, if he persists,
God save me from his hands,
that even if I don't want, in the grave
me he is capable of thusting me

Aras Perez de Parrega que lles thomara seu aver de suas cassas de Mondim et de Carraszedo … et le britara seus contos et seus privilegios

1280, M. Romaní Martinez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 1089

Aras Perez de Parrega, who took their possessions from inside their houses of Mundín and Carracedo … and torn their accounts and privileges into pieces

1460, Rui Vasques, Crónica de Santa María de Íria, in Souto Cabo, José António (ed.) (2001): Crónica de Santa María de Íria. Estudo e edizón de ---. Santiago: Cabido da S.A.M.I. Catedral / Seminario de Estudos Galegos / Ediciós do Castro, page 110

And there came many Moors, so many that they were uncountable [lit. "there was no number"], and they fought the king

Et vieron tantos mouros que nõ aviã conto et pelleJarõ cõ el rrey

porque se derrocou hua ponte das grandes que en seus reynos auía, a qual era probeytosa á república de seus reynos, eno qual gastamos fasta hun conto et oyto çentos mill mrs

1454, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 472:

because a bridge collapsed, one of the large ones in his realms and which was beneficial for the republic of his realms, and in which we spent up to a million and eight hundred thousand maravedis

poso conto de cen mor. de la bona moneda en todos aquellos que enna iglesia nen ennos dezemos nen en los montes feziese forcia nen torto nen tallase nen entrasse los montes nen dellos nen da iglesia nen de suas cousas tomasse nenguna cousa contra uoluntade do chantres

1284, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 69:

he established a fine of a hundred maravedis of good coin in anyone who, in the church or in the tithing or in the woods, would make force or wrong or cutting or entering the woods, or would took anything from them of from the churches against the will of the precentor

(archaic) fine (fee levied as punishment for breaking a contract or the law)


regularidade

Borrowed from Late Latin regularitas, regularitatem. Equivalent to regular + -idade.


corrente

From Old Galician-Portuguese (independently attested in both corpora), from Latin currēns, currēntem.


correo

Unknown. Attested since the 13th century, and so probably unrelated to the following etymology.

Et esta carta leuda o dito Pedro Peres mostrou hun correo con dineiros et disso frontando a Pedro Rodriguez que entregasse de todalas cousas que filaran ao bispo

1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75:

And after reading this letter said Pedro Pérez showed a bag with money, and said, confronting Pedro Rodríguez, that he should return everything that he has taken from the bishop

Médea dusia de colleres de buxo, que acharon en un correo pechado, et mays acharon eno dito correo noue mrs en rayás et triinta mrs en coroados vellos.

1455, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 315:

Half a dozen boxwood spoons, that they found inside a locked money bag, and they also found inside said money bag nine maravedis in royals and thirty maravedis in old crowns


correo

From Spanish correo, from Catalan correu, ultimately from Old French corlieu.


corrida

Agora si, que cai ben
aquel conto do Boy manso,
que nunha corrida de Touros,
se ò pican, â ollos cerrados
â hùs lles fura os calzòs,
outros os pincha rodando,
este quero, aquel non quero,
esparcendolle os fargallos,
hasta que queda à Praza
espoada âô seu mandado:

1750, anonymous author, Galanteo de mozo e moza:

Now it sits well
that tale of the docile ox,
that in a bullfight,
if they sting him, as with closed eyes,
he bores the pants of some,
others he takes down rolling,
this one I want, that I don't,
scattering their rags,
till the plaza is left
sieved [dusted?] at his command

swell (a long series of ocean waves, generally produced by wind, and lasting after the wind has ceased; as perceived from the shore)


catar

From Old Galician-Portuguese catar, from Late Latin cattāre (“look at, see”), from Latin captāre (“strive to see, strive to catch with one's eyes”).


tenista

gl-noun

tenista m or f by sense (plural tenistas)


monarca

monarca m or f by sense (plural monarcas)


adobo

adobos (plural)
adó (alternative)
adomo (alternative)
adubo (alternative)

Attested since the 13th century. Back-formation from adobar (“to prepare”).

back-formation

et buscarom os adobes das carnes et dos pescados que comyam, et fazer mãjares de moytas maneyras et de moytos sabores

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 96:

and they searched for the seasonings of the meats and fishes that they ate, and for preparing dishes in many ways and of many tastes

marinade of chopped pork with garlic, salt, paprika and other spices for the preparation of chorizo

marinade of pork with garlic, salt, paprika and other spices for cooking


aguante

[ɑˈɣ̞wan̪.t̪ɪ]

[ɑˈɣ̞wan̪.t̪ɪ]


alistado

alistados (plural)
listado (alternative)

Katsuwonus pelamis
Katsuwonus pelamis#Translingual


amarra

Back-formation from amarrar (“to tie, moor”).


anoto

O cabaleiro, que a todo esto estivera mudo e como estático, saludouna cortesmente; pero dempois non ousou pernunciar palabra; ¡tal foi a turbación e o anoto que o atuíra!

1895, A. López Ferreiro, O castelo de Pambre, page 214:

The knight, who, by the way, had remained mute and as static, greeted her politely; but he later dared not to say a word; such was the confusion and shock that clogged him!


corso

gl-noun

corso m (plural corsos, feminine corsa, feminine plural corsas)

corsos (plural)
corsa (feminine)
corsas (feminine plural)


arando

From Old Galician-Portuguese *arandão, from the same origin that Spanish arándano.


arado

From Old Galician-Portuguese arado, from Latin arātrum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trom.

plough (device pulled through the ground to open furrows)


armaría

From arma + -āria, neutral plural of arma (“weapons, tools”) + -ārium.

heraldry (the profession of devising and blazoning arms)


arrimado

O arrimado e o morto fede aos tres días

visitors and dead ones smell in three days


asedio

[aˈs̺ɛ.ð̞jʊ]


asfalto

From Late Latin asphaltum, from Ancient Greek ἄσφαλτος (ásphaltos, “asphalt, bitumen”).


botón

botóns (plural)
botom (alternative)
botão (alternative)

First attested in the 13th century. Probably from Old French bouton.

Iten xvi botoes que ten Fernan Peres de Meyra por v mor. Iten outros xvi botoes que ten Juana

1321, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 119:

Item, 16 buttons that are kept by Fernán Pérez de Meira, by 5 mor. Item, another 16 buttons that are kept by Xoana


opción

opcións (plural)
opçom (alternative)
opção (alternative)


tecla

key (button on a typewriter or computer keyboard)

(music) key (one of a number of rectangular moving parts on a piano or musical keyboard)


barriga

From Old Galician-Portuguese barriga (13th century), from Old Occitan barrica.


anta

Probably from Latin antae (“jamb”); alternatively from a substrate Indo-European language

large vertical stone used in the construction of drystone walls


barro

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin *barrum (“clay, mud”), from Paleo-Hispanic, possibly Celtic; compare Middle Irish broch (“waste, dregs”) and Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”).
Cognate with Portuguese barro, Asturian barru and Spanish barro.

cinco mil ladrillos ben cozidos e de boo barro

1484, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 445:

five thousand bricks, correctly fired and made of good clay


birlo

Perhaps ultimately from Old French bille (“stick”), either from Proto-Celtic *belyom (“tree”) or from Germanic. Compare Portuguese bilro.


brilla

From Latin virilia (“manly”), from Latin vir (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.

(anatomy) Alternative form of virilla (“groin”)


brinde

toast (a salutation while drinking alcohol)


brota

Phycis blennoides
Wikispecies:Phycis blennoides


cacho

Probably from a Vulgar Latin *cacclus, from *cacculus, from Latin caccabus (“pot”); compare Spanish cacho and Portuguese caco (“piece of pottery”).


cacho

From Vulgar Latin *caplum, from Late Latin capulum (“handle”), from Latin capiō.


cancelo

From Latin cancellus (“grate; barrier”).


cancela

O falar non ten cancelas

gate (doorlike barred or planked structure outside a house)


carda

Back-formation from cardar. Compare French carde and English card.

1459, A. López Carreira (ed.), Fragmentos de notarios, D40a

three swords and some cards, three scissor for cutting, a little basket, two buttonhooks, four irons of scraping off

tres espadas et hunas cardas, tres tesoyras de tallar, hun qestello, dous abotoadores, quatro ferros de farpar


casado

gl-noun

casado m (plural casados, feminine casada, feminine plural casadas)

casados (plural)
casada (feminine)
casadas (feminine plural)


castro

[ˈkɑs̺.t̪ɾʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese castro, from Latin castrum. Cognate with Portuguese castro, Spanish castro. See also alcázar, borrowed from Spanish, which entered through Arabic.

gl:Castro de Baroña
gl:Castro de Viladonga

a local fortified Iron Age village, of which some 3,000 are known in Galicia

(by extension) any fortified archaeological site


ceba

cebas (plural)
seba (alternative)
sebe (alternative)
sebre (alternative)
xebra (alternative)

Zostera marina
Zostera marina#Translingual

seagrass (especially Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima)


censura

[θɛnˈs̺u.ɾɐ]

[θɛnˈs̺u.ɾɐ]


chincho

[ˈt͡ʃint͡ʃʊ]

Unknown; probably related to, or borrowed from, French chinchard. Cf. the synonym chicharro.


chinche

[ˈt͡ʃinʲ.t͡ʃɪ]

bug, a member of the insect order Hemiptera


cimbro

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from an earlier form *jĩbro < *jĩebro, from Vulgar Latin ziniperus, from Latin iūniperus. Cognate with Portuguese zimbro and Spanish enebro.


cimbro

Perhaps from Old French cindre (“wooden support frame for the construction of an arch”).


comba

From Old Galician-Portuguese combo (“bent, curved”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kumbā (compare Welsh cwm and Irish com).


constipado

From Latin cōnstīpātus (“crowded or pressed closely together”).


contrato

contratos (plural)
contracto (alternative archaic)
contrauto (alternative archaic)

Learned borrowing from Latin contractus.


convidado

gl-noun

convidado m (plural convidados, feminine convidada, feminine plural convidadas)

convidados (plural)
convidada (feminine)
convidadas (feminine plural)

Attested since circa 1350. From convidar + -ado.


corra

From Proto-Celtic *kom-rigā (“binding, bond”). Akin to Old Irish cuimrech (“binding”) and Breton kevre.

der

twisted stick (usually of wicker or of other flexible wood) used for binding of for making baskets


deserto

From Old Galician-Portuguese deserto, from Latin dēsertus (“desert”), from dēserō (“I forsake”).


divorcio

From Latin dīvortium (“separation, divorce”).

divorce (the legal dissolution of a marriage)

divorce (a separation of connected things)


hipopótamo

Learned borrowing from Late Latin hippopotamus, from Ancient Greek ἱπποπόταμος (hippopótamos, “river horse”).


empacho

Attested since the 15th century. Back-formation from empachar

que nõ posesẽ en aquel logar vjdes nẽ outro enpacho

1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega, page 101:

that he shouldn't put in that place vines or another obstacle


rens

From Old Galician-Portuguese rẽes (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin rēnes (“kidneys”). Cognate with Portuguese rim, rins.

reerás primeiramente os lombos ou as rẽes do cavalo

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 191:

you will first shave the horse's back and the smalls of the back


encanto

(folklore) apparition; otherworldly entity

charm; spell; enchantment (a magical effect on someone or something)


enfermo

gl-noun

enfermo m (plural enfermos, feminine enferma, feminine plural enfermas)

enfermos (plural)
enferma (feminine)
enfermas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese enfermo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin īnfirmus.

Ali da soude aos enfermos et alumea os çegos

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 167:

There He gives health to the sick and lights the blind


enfermaría

enfermarías (plural)
enfermería (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese enfermaria (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): from enfermo (“sick”) + -aría, Medieval Latin infirmaria (“hospital”).

It. mando ao moesteyro de san francisco hua cama de Roupa [...] que seja ena enfermaria para os frayres doentes

1395, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 157:

Item, I bequeath to this monastery of Saint Francis a bed of clothes [list of items] that must be in the infirmary for the use of ill friars

infirmary (clinic or dispensary within another institution)

nursing (profession of caring for patients as a nurse)


boas

(interjection) Shortening of bos días (“good morning”), boas tardes (“good afternoon/evening”) and boas noites (“good evening/night”)


fermento

fermentos (plural)
formento (alternative)


escalo

From Old Galician-Portuguese escoallo, escoalo (attested since the 15th century in Galician documents), probably from Latin squalus. Cf. also Portuguese escalho, escalheiro.

inh

que desen cada canbo de scoallos por duas brancas, et que fose en cada canbo çinco escoallos

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 125:

they shall pay for each group of chubs two brancas, and each group should be made of five chubs

faredes hun estanco adonde esta a puça e, el feito, darnos edes en cada vn anno huna duzia d'escoalos

1499, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 739:

you'll make a press where the river pool is and, it done, you'll give us a dozen chubs each year

the Northern Iberian chub (Squalius carolitertii)


escama

From Old Galician-Portuguese (the derived form escamar is already attested in the Cantigas de Santa Maria, 13th century), from Latin squāma (“scale”).


escatima

escatimas (plural)
escatema (alternative)

Unknown. From Old Galician-Portuguese escatima (13th century). The Germanic etymology proposed by Coromines is unsustainable, according to Ramón Lorenzo.

non he myna voontade de façer escatima nen torto a o moesteiro de sancta Maria d'Osseira

1319, Tórculo Edicións, II, edited by M. Romaní Martínez, La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira, Santiago, page 42:

it is not my will to make trickery nor tort to he monastery of Saint Mary of Oseira


escora

From Old French escore (“prop”), from Middle Dutch schore. Compare English shore (“prop”).

shore, prop, strut (one of several wooden pieces used to shore a ship while on earth)


forra

Perhaps from Suevic, from Proto-Germanic *furhs. Compare Italian forra, English furrow.

ground hollow used in the children’s traditional game named porca


forra

building block used to reinforce walls built with rubble masonry


fracaso

[fɾɑˈkɑ.s̺ʊ]


fragmento

Learned borrowing from Latin fragmentum.


esmalte

From Old Galician-Portuguese esmalte, probably from Old Occitan esmalt, from Early Medieval Latin smaltum.

1435, Á. Rodriguez González & José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435), Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, d. 139

an enamel with a shield with five leaves of fig, that can weight a mark and a half of silver, give or take

hũu esmalte con escudo con çinco follas de figueira, que podera pesar hũu marquo et medio de prata pouquo mas ou menos;


frota

From Old Galician-Portuguese frota (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French flote, from Old Norse floti, from Proto-Germanic *flutōną (“to float”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewd-, *plew- (“to float, swim, fly”).

Toda â Frota vin arder,
vin volto en Volcan ô mar,
lume na agua encender,
homes no Aire correr,
leños no fogo nadar.

1702, Benito Jerónimo Feijoo, Pois que sempre algún malsín:

All the fleet I saw burn,
I saw, turned into Vulcan the sea,
fires on the water light
men in the air run
logs in the fire swim


espeto

From Old Galician-Portuguese espeto, probably from Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍄𐌿𐍃 (*spitus), from Proto-Germanic *spitō (“rod”); alternatively from a Gothic or Suevic form derived from Proto-Germanic *speutą (“spear”). Cognate with Portuguese espeto and Spanish espeto. Compare also English spit and Swedish spett.

iten oyto talladores, iten quatorze cunquas, iten dous espetos, iten vnna sartana, iten huas gramaleyras

1485, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 286:

item eight knives, item fourteen cups, item two spits, item one frying pan, item a trammel

(cooking) a wooden or metal skewer or spit for roasting


fundamento

From Old Galician-Portuguese fondamento (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fundāmentum.

mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra et sua moller que desfaçan et derruben por fondamento o curral et portaes et çerquas et muros et outro lauor uello et nouo que esta arredor da dicta casa noua et da caua uella que esta cabo da dicta casa noua contra a mota

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

We order that said Martín Becerra and his wife must undo and demolish by its foundations the bailey and gates and walls and enclosures and other new and old work around said new house, and of the old house that is near said house by the motte


estofo

Borrowed from Old French estophe, estoffe, from estoffer (“to provide what is necessary, equip, stuff”).


estorbo

From Old Galician-Portuguese estorvo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Back-formation from estorbar.


graba

From Suevic [Term?] or Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰 (graba, “grave, trench, ditch”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰróbʰ-, o-grade form of *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, bury”).


grado

From Old Galician-Portuguese grado (“will, liking”), from Latin gratum.


guisado

[ɡiˈs̺a.ð̞ʊ]

[ɡiˈs̺a.ð̞ʊ]

[ħiˈs̺a.ð̞ʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese guisado (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), participle of guisar (“to stew”). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wīsǭ (“manner, way”).


guiso

Back-formation from guisar (“to prepare”), from guisa (“guise”).


guisa

13th century. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wīsǭ (“manner, way”), probably through Vulgar Latin. Cognate with, among others, English wise.

Boa tĩta se deue faser en esta guisa: Para hũu neto de tĩta, õça e media de agalla

1457, Fernando R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega, page 173:

The good ink must be prepared in this wise: for preparing a neto of ink, an ounce and a half of oak gall


estribo

Unknown; probably from a Germanic language. Cognate with Spanish and Portuguese estribo, Catalan estrep, Occitan estreup, French étrier.


seteira

Attested since 1370 (saeteyra), from saeta (“arrow”) + -eira.

os portaes erã fortes, et as entradas auesas, et as saeteyras moytas, et as arquetas moytas et de moytas guisas et per çima dos andámeos

1370, R. Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana. A Coruña: Fundación "Pedro Barrié de la Maza, Conde de Fenosa", page 595

the gates were strong, and the entries unfavorable, and arrowslits many, and the bretèches many and made in many ways and upon the hoardings

se alguas seeteyras ou lançeyros estan feytas en a parede da dicta casa, que as çarren de pedra et que as non abran nunca nen façan y outras alguas a saluo fique en o sotoo da dicta casa as lumeeyras que foren neçesarias et perteesçentes para dar lume ao dicto sotoo que non seian por maneyra de defensa algua

if some arrowslits or embrasures are built in the walls of that tower house, they must be closed in stone, never to be reopened, and they shouldn't build new ones, with this exception, that in the ground floor there should be enough and sufficient skylights for lightening the aforementioned ground floor, but as long as they can't be used for defense

chute which in a watermill directs the water against the waterwheel


vítima

Learned borrowing from Latin victima (“sacrificial victim”).

lbor

Xoán é vítima dun crime terríbel.


fato

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fato. Probably from Proto-Germanic *fatą: compare Old High German faz (“container; vessel”), Old Norse fat (“vessel; cover; blanket; garment”), English fat (“container; vessel; vat”).

cog

bundle of things, especially one containing clothes

supplies or provisions for shepherds (usually carried in a bundle)

Os desa vila non son máis que un fato de borrachos!

That town's people are but a group of drunkards!

Jupiter se fezo caudillo da grey -et grey se entende aqui por ovellas ou grey de fato dellas, et caudillo por carneyro

1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 134:

Jupiter became leader of the flock - and flock here means sheep or flock of group of them, and leader means ram


figueira

From Old Galician-Portuguese figueira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fīcāria.

duas figueyras que estan en esse figueyredo

1277, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 381:

two fig trees that are in that fig tree orchard


tardar

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tardar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin tardo.


morcego

morcegos (plural)
murcego (alternative)
muricego (alternative)

[moɾˈθe.ɣ̞ʊ]

[mɔɾˈθɛ.ɣ̞ʊ]

[moɾˈθe.ɣ̞ʊ]

[mɔɾˈθɛ.ɣ̞ʊ]

Etymology tree
Vulgar Latin *mūris caecus
Old Galician-Portuguese morçeguo
Galician morcego
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese morçeguo, ultimately from Latin mūs. Compare Portuguese morcego, Spanish murciélago.

inh+

bat (any flying mammal of the order Chiroptera)


ladra

female equivalent of ladrón (“robber, thief”)

Tarentola mauritanica
Wikispecies:Tarentola mauritanica

common wall gecko (Tarentola mauritanica)


parcela

Borrowed from French parcelle, from Late Latin particella, diminutive of Latin particula.

Item per la dita liçençia et autoridade que ey do dito don abbade faço et hergo a Vasco Rodriges, meu criado, das herdades que iazen en no monte de Leiro et ãã parcella de Leiro, as quaes foron do prior Domingo Eanes

1397, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 534:


lastra

Unknown. Probably from a substrate language.


lavado

[laˈβ̞a.ð̞ʊ]


libraría

librarías (plural)
livraria (alternative)
librería (alternative)

15th century. From libro (“book”) + -aría, or either from Old French, attested earlier with the same meaning.

Item mando que dentro enas ditas casas de miña morada seja apartadamente outra Cámara de libraría en que sejan postos todos meus libros en rroda et almarios con discreta et boa custodia como se conten eno dito ynventario, assi de Sancta theologia et filosofía, eclesiásticos et sermonarios, et de medicina et fisica, como outros de dereito canónico et cevil de meu nome firmados [...] a qual libraria mando que seja común generalmente et particularmente para hestudio dos peregrinos et Romeus, clérigos et leigos leterados que vieren en Romería a Santiago

c. 1450, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Historia de la Santa A. M. Iglesia de Santiago de Compostela, VII, p. 136:

Item, I order that, inside my houses where I reside, they build another chamber for library, and that they place in it all my books around in shelves, with careful and good custody, as it is contained in the aforementioned inventory, of holy theology and philosophy, ecclesiastical and books of sermons, and of medicine and physics, as well as others of ecclesiastical and civil law, signed with my name … and I order that the aforementioned library should be public, in general and particular, for the study of the pilgrims, clergyman or learned layman, that could come in pilgrimage to Santiago


logro

Inherited from Latin lucrum. Doublet of lucro, which was borrowed. Compare English lucre.

attainment, achievement, accomplishment, success

Esto dixo un tal Alfio, un usureiro, mui resolto a vivir da agricultura; i os cartos recolleu que tiña a logro, i ós quince días xa volveu á usura.

This is what some Alfio said, an usurer, heartily decided to live from agriculture; he retook the money he has lent [lit. for profit], but after just fifteen days he was back to usury


perfumaría

perfumarías (plural)
perfumaria (alternative)
perfumería (alternative)


pincho

Deverbal from pinchar (“to cause to jump”).


pincho

Probably a borrowed from Spanish pincho.


piso

Back-formation from pisar (“to tread, press”).


dentista

gl-noun

dentista m or f by sense (plural dentistas)


privado

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin prīvātus (“bereaved; set apart from”), perfect passive participle of prīvō (“I bereave, deprive”), from prīvus (“single, peculiar”).


pulso

Learned borrowing from Latin pulsus (“beat; pulse”), from pellō (“I drive; I strike”).

lbor

(cardiology, uncountable) pulse (regular beat caused by the heart)

(cardiology, uncountable) heart rate (number of heart beats per unit of time)


quitas

esquitas (alternative)
guitas (alternative)
quites (alternative)


mancha

Attested in 1370 (the derived form manchado, since the 13th century). Ultimately from Latin macula (“spot; stain”). Doublet of mágoa.

[ˈmãnʲ.t͡ʃɐ]

Et o caualo era todo rrodado de mãchas, hũas tã brãcas cõmo a neue et outras tã negras cõmo azaueches.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 393:

And the horse was all covered with spots, some as white as snow, others black as jet

1434, A. López Carreira (ed.), Libro de Notas de Álvaro Afonso, doc. 90

one of that horses was really dark, with a signal in his front, and the other was tawny with a spot in his front

os quaes roçiins era huun delles ven preto con hun signal enna testa et ho outro ben çerbyño con huna mancha enna testa


mandado

From Old Galician-Portuguese mandado (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from mandar + -ado.

Agora si, que cai ben
aquel conto do Boy manso,
que nunha corrida de Touros,
se ò pican, â ollos cerrados
â hùs lles fura os calzòs,
outros os pincha rodando,
este quero, aquel non quero,
esparcendolle os fargallos,
hasta que queda à Praza
espoada âô seu mandado:

1750, anonymous author, Galanteo de mozo e moza:

Now it sits well
that tale of the docile ox,
which in a bullfight,
if they sting him, as with closed eyes,
he bores the pants of some,
others he takes down rolling,
this one I want, that I don't,
scattering their rags,
till the plaza is left
sieved [dusted?] at his command


mareo

motion sickness, car sickness, sea sickness


medra

Afonso:
Eu brindo po la saude
da nosa Siñora Reyna
Christobo:
Eu brindo po lo Infante,
que Deus lle dè moytas medras.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

Afonso:
"I toast the health
of our Lady the Queen"
Cristobo:
"I toast the prince,
God give him many growths"


mesura

From Old Galician-Portuguese mesura, from Latin mensūra.

"!Ai qu'engañadiña estás! Non te creas de baiuras, nin de quen faga mesuras, que a culpa tivoa o rapaz."

1812, Antonio Benito Fandiño, A Casamenteira:

Ah, you're so wrong! Don't believe in tricks nor in who say flatteries, because the blame is on the boy!


ornamento

From Latin ornamentum (“equipment, apparatus, furniture, trappings, adornment, embellishment”), from ornare (“to equip, adorn”).


reforma

reform (the change of something that is defective, broken, inefficient or otherwise negative)


amora

From Old Galician-Portuguese mora (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *mora, from Latin mōrum, from Ancient Greek μόρον (móron).

Xa non iremos mais po-los roleiros
en compaña amorosa áas moras, non.
Nin baixo dos follosos ameneiros
as coitas che direi do corazon.

We'll no longer go by the hedges
in loving company for blackberries, no.
Nor under the leafy alders
the afflictions of the heart I'll tell you.


mangueira

[mɑ̃ŋˈɡej.ɾɐ]

[mɑ̃ŋˈɡej.ɾɐ]

[mɑ̃ŋˈħej.ɾɐ]


mangueira

Attested since 1433 ("tarpaulin"). From manga (“sleave”) + -eira.

[mɑ̃ŋˈɡej.ɾɐ]

[mɑ̃ŋˈɡej.ɾɐ]

[mɑ̃ŋˈħej.ɾɐ]


mangueira

[mɑ̃ŋˈɡej.ɾɐ]

[mɑ̃ŋˈɡej.ɾɐ]

[mɑ̃ŋˈħej.ɾɐ]


quiabo

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual

okra (vegetable, Abelmoschus esculentus)


remedio

remedios (plural)
remédio (alternative)
romedio (alternative)

Attested since the 14th century. Learned borrowing from Latin remedium (“a remedy, cure”), from re- (“again”) + medeor (“I heal”).

lbor

Sabeam todos, que por quanto a nos dom frey Beringel da Ordem dos Preegadores por la gracia de Deus arcibispo de Santiago, Capellan mayor del Rey et Chanceller e notario mayor do Reyno de Leon, por grandes querelas e por gran chamor pervereo que se fazian ennas friigyesías do noso arcibispado, grandes deguysados, iniurias et exeessoes per aquelles que tirauan et leuauan as penas das friigesias, que non tomaban os lobos ou a camada delles leuando mays que deuian et agraueando as gentes en como non deuian; por ende nos querendo y poer Remedio, ordinamos et mandamos que enna friigesía que ouuer XV friigeses ou mays poucos, se non tomaren lobo ou loba ou camada delles, ou non correren cada domaa con elles sen enganno segundo que e de custume des o primeyro sabado de quaresma ata dia de Sam Joham de Juyo, ou non fezeren o ffogio, que pagen X mrs.

1326, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 398:

Everyone must know, that since to us, lord friar Berenger de Landore, of the Order of the Preachers, by the grace of God archibishop of Santiago, master chaplain of the king and chancellor and master notary of the Kingdom of Leon, because of the great complaints and great outcry that they did in the parishes of our archbishopric, because of the large crimes, slanders and excesses by those who took and carried the fines of the parishes that did not took the wolves or their litters, taking more than what they ought to, and harming the people as they should not; hence, we, wanting to put a solution to this, order and command that in every parish where there are 15 parishioners or less, if they didn't took a wolf or litter of them, or they didn't run them away each week, without trickery, as is the custom since the first Saturday of Lent till Saint John's day of June, or they didn't built a trap, they shall pay 10 maravedis.


repelo

hammer used to sharpen a scythe or sickle

uncut grass left with the sickle by a poor skilled harvester


represa

From Latin reprensa, feminine of reprensus (“seized”), past participle of reprendō (“I seize; I catch”).

dam (structure placed across a flowing body of water)


sedas

[ˈs̺e.ð̞ɐs̺]


tacho

[ˈt̪a̠.t͡ʃʊ]

large bowl used in the production of wax and honey


tacha

[ˈt̪a̠.t͡ʃɐ]

14th century. From Old French tache (“stain, blemish”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *taikną (“sign, token”).

c1375, Eladio Oviedo Arce (ed.), "Fragmento de una versión gallega del Código de Las Partidas de Alfonso el Sabio", in López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, pp. 116-129

how to undo the sale of a serf when the seller hides the blemish or the meanness of this sale

como se pode desfazer a venda do seruo se o vendedor a encobre a chata ou a maldade dela


tapia

Unknown: perhaps onomatopoeic. Cognate with Portuguese taipa and Spanish tapia.

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 291

the Trojans had their town very well defended, and I'll tell you how they had their town so strong: their walls were very strong and very tall, and made not of clay, but of yellow and black and red and brown marble

os troyanos tynam sua villa moy bem gardada, et dizervos ey cõmo elles tynã a villa moy forte: os muros dela erã moy fortes et moyto altos et nõ de tapea, ante eram de marmore jalde et negro et vermello et vis

que aiades uos et uossa uos a dita plaça et herdamento do canpo con seu chantado de duas yras que y esta que se determina asy: jas da huna parte antigua del Rey et da outra parte o canpo do çimiterio da iglesia da dita villa de Ribadeu et da hua testada herdade que foy do ospital da dita villa et antigua que vay entrela et a tapia do dito moesteyro et da outra antigua da carcaua da dita villa de Ribadeu

1343, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 143:

you and your part must have said place and property called Campo, together with its plantation of two fields that is there, and which is delimited like this: by one side by the King's old road, by the other by the field of the cemetery of said town of Ribadeo, and on one headland property that belonged to the hospital of said town and old road that goes in between it and the wall of said monastery and the other old road of the moat of said town of Ribadeo


silencio

silencios (plural)
silenzo (alternative proscribed)

From Old Galician-Portuguese silençio, from Latin silentium.


tardo

From the same origin that trasno (“goblin”).

(folklore) nightmare (goblin who plagues people while they slept and cause a feeling of suffocation)


sobrado

From Old Galician-Portuguese sobrado (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin superatum or superadditum. Cognate with Portuguese sobrado and Asturian sobrau.

1347, Clara Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", in Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 425

if the aforementioned prioress and convent would want to erect another storey or make a balcony, that they should do and build so as they don't obstruct the view of the windows of the balcony of my other house which is near this one

se as ditas priora et convento queseren erger a dita casa doutro sobrado ou faser bavor? que façan et ergan en maneyra que non entargem o viso das feestras do balcon da outra mina casa que esta a so nesta

Jten faser todo de nouo os peytorij́ns das ditas casas e poer jaztas e sobrejaztas, e rrecorrer o soyo dos sobrados das ditas casas.

1450, A. Fernández Salgado, editor, A documentación medieval de San Bieito do Campo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 88:

Item, to rebuild the parapets of the aforementioned houses, to put the bearers and the joists, and to lie down the planking of the storeys of the aforementioned houses

Coida meu pai que me ten / debaixo do pé dereito: / Fanlle a cama no sobrado: / non sabe cando me deito.

My dad thinks that he keeps me under his right foot; but he has his bed on the upper floor and doesn't know when I go to bed.

(dated) upper floor or level of a two storey house, which was usually left undivided and where the family used to sleep in their beds


tempero

Attested since 1812. Back-formation from temperar.

(cooking) the correct point of seasoning or preparation

Ela sábelle o tempero,
e él co-ela está contento:
canto falas todo he vento;

She knows his manner,
and he is happy with her:
all you say is just wind;

temper, temperament; manner, personality


templo

From Old Galician-Portuguese templo, tenplo, borrowed from Latin templum.


sorba

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin *sorba, formed from the plural of Latin sorbum (compare Portuguese sorva, Spanish serba).


torno

From Latin tornus, from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos), from τείρειν (teírein, “to pierce”). The "peg" and derived meanings came probably from the peg of a lathe or a winch. Compare also Spanish tornillo.

et da Torre do Ouro esso meesmo, cõ tra[bu]quetes que y tĩjnã, que os aqueixauã ademays, et cõ beestas de torno et de outras muytas maneyras

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 17:

And the same from the Torre del Oro [a castle in Seville]: they were attacking them with little catapults and winched crossbows, and in many other ways

place where the water of a ditch can be diverted to one place or another

como os canos porque ben a augua aa praza do campo da dita çidade esten gardados e reparados en tal maneira que a augoa que por eles ben e ha de bir a os tornos da dita praça do campo

1418, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 197:

that the ducts that bring the water to the Praza [Square] do Campo of this city must be guarded and repaired, so that the water that run along them should come to the spouts of the aforementioned Praza do Campo

Scomber scombrus
Scomber scombrus#Translingual


torneo

From Old Galician-Portuguese torneo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French tornoi or Old Occitan tornei, from Latin tornō (“I turn; I lathe”).

Et aly ouue hũu torneo soado, que disserõ de Astela, por que foy soado; ca ali sse prouarõ en armas moytos caualeyros.

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 725:

And there it was held a famous tournament, that they called of Estela, that was famous; because there many knight proved themselves in arms


tose

toses (plural)
tos (alternative)
tuse (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese tosse (13th century), from Latin tussis, tussem (“cough”). Cognate with Portuguese tosse and Spanish tos.

Et quando orio ou aveea deren ao Cauallo deuen no alinpar e scudyr do poo, prjmeiramente porque o poo aduz tosse

c. 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 61:

And all the barley and oats that they give the horse must be cleaned and shaken off of dust, firstly because dust brings cough


suba

Back-formation from subir. Cognate with Brazilian Portuguese suba.

Por eso non queren suba
Na sisa nin na taberna
E, en tanto que os demais paguen,
Eles recachan a perna.
E como serán sumidos
En bebedelas, o aumento,
Dan a sisa pol-os tragos
E miran outros pr’o vento.

c. 1840, Ramón Varela Vahamonde, Conversa entre os arrieiros:

That's why they don't want an increase
in the surcharge nor in the tavern
and, as long as the others pay,
they uncover the leg [they sunbathe].
And since they are gonna be consumed
in binges, the augment,
they give the surcharge for the gulps
and others look into the wind.


trabe

From Old Galician-Portuguese trave (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin trabem, accusative of trabs (“beam”). Cognate with Portuguese trave. Doublet of treu.

enno dito tenpo vos deuedes agisar et restoyrar a dita casa de todo adubeyro que ouuer mester, saluo ardendo ou quebrando traue, ou quaendo per pe

1378, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 252

during that time you must fix and restore that house of any need it can have, except if it burns, or the girder breaks, or it if collapses

(architecture) beam; girder; trave; crossbeam


trama

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin trama.


traslado

a move, transfer, translation from one place to another


trilla

Deverbal from trilla (“to thresh”); alternatively ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þriljaną (compare English drill, Old English þyrel).


turba

Borrowed from French tourbe, from Proto-Germanic *turbz.


cova

From Old Galician-Portuguese cova (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Either from an archaic Latin *covus, Classical cavus (or variant of a Late Latin cava, from cavum), or from Vulgar Latin covus (“hollow of the hand”), or from a substrate; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱówHwos (“cavity”). Cognate with Portuguese cova and Spanish cueva.

inh

Anque à prea non hègrande
si ca si, ò sacristan
disque à pestàna do figado
se lle hiba alegrando já.
Ô cont'hè, si enturra n'eso
Deus me libre das suas más,
que'anque eu non queira, na Coba
de chantarme heche capàz.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Although the booty is not large,
anyhow, the sacristan's
liver's eyes, reportedly,
were shinning bright.
The issue is, if he persists,
God save me from his hands,
that even if I don't want, in the grave
he is capable of thrusting me


covo

From Latin cophinus (“basket”), from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos, “basket”).

der

Vinte cinco ducias D'obos
eu lle ofrezo, porque teñan
conque fazer os Formigos,
e de mel vnha caldeyra,
que os meus cobos e cortizos
teñen moy boas entenas;
porque sairon ogano
moytos enjames d'abellas.

Twenty-five dozens of eggs
I offer her, so that they have the necessary
to cook the formigos;
and of honey a cauldron,
because my skeps and hives
have very good honeycombs,
because this year
many swarms of bees went out

hollow section of a trunk used as beehive


covo

Either from an archaic Latin *covus, Classical cavus, or from Vulgar Latin covus (“hollow of the hand”), or from Paleo-Hispanic; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱówHwos (“cavity”). Cognate with Portuguese covo and Spanish cueva.


valse

Attested since 1850. From French valse or Spanish vals, ultimately from German Walzer, from walzen (“to dance”).

A gaita e o tamboril
Co máis ardente antusiasmo
Tocando unha muiñeiriña
Un valse repenicado
Unha alegre salerosa
Unh'alborada ou fandango

Bagpipe and tabor
With the most burning enthusiasm
Playing a muiñeira,
an allegro waltz
a jovial salerosa,
an alborada or a fandango


zafado

gl-noun

zafado m (plural zafados, feminine zafada, feminine plural zafadas)

zafados (plural)
zafada (feminine)
zafadas (feminine plural)
safado (alternative)


vândalo

vândalos (plural)
vândala (feminine)
vândalas (feminine plural)


foca

Mordesme en Papeliños,
que leeron moitas Xentes:
mordes me, chantasme os dentes
chantame agora os focinos:
si lendo estes meus termiños
fixères xestos, ou mocas,
ê contra min te desuocas,
ê con Mocas ques ferir me,
e focas no Corpo abrirme,

c. 1780, Anonymous, Cincuenta décimas contra Cernadas

You bite me in little papers
that many people have read
You bite me, thrust you teeth in me
Thrust now your snout
If reading these my terms
You do gestures or grimaces
and against me you run off at the mouth
and with clubs you want to injure me
and holes in my body open
Thrust the clubs into my holes


foca

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek φώκη (phṓkē)bor.?
Latin phōcalbor.
Galician foca
Learned borrowing from Latin phōca f, from Ancient Greek φώκη f (phṓkē).


ornitorrinco

From the genus name Ornithorhynchus, from Ancient Greek ὄρνις, ὄρνιθος (órnis, órnithos, “bird”) + ῥύγχος (rhúnkhos, “snout”).

der

ὄρνις, ὄρνιθος


historiador

gl-noun

historiador m (plural historiadores, feminine historiadora, feminine plural historiadoras)

historiadores (plural)
historiadora (feminine)
historiadoras (feminine plural)