carcás

From Old Galician-Portuguese carcaix, from Old French carquais, from Byzantine Greek ταρκάσιον (tarkásion), from Arabic تَرْكَاش (tarkāš), from Persian ترکش (tarkaš), from earlier تیرکش (tirkaš, “quiver; arrowslit”), from تیر (tir, “arrow”) + کش (kaš, “container”).

compound

c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 129

they had their bows ready and their quivers well loaded with arrows

leuauã todos seus arquos tendidos et os carcayses bem chẽos de seetas

1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 171:


carocha

carochas (plural)
carrocha (alternative)
caroucha (alternative)
crocha (alternative)

[kaˈɾɔ.t͡ʃɐ]

Unknown. Possibly from a substrate language. Compare carolo.


castidade

[kɑs̺.t̪iˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]


catividade

Learned borrowing from Latin captīvitātem.


centímetro cúbico

gl-noun

centímetro cúbico m (plural centímetros cúbicos)


chumbada

From chumbo (“lead”) + -ada, a collective suffix.


cidreira

[θiˈð̞ɾej.ɾɐ]

[θiˈð̞ɾej.ɾɐ]

Citrus medica
Citrus medica#Translingual

(botany) citron (a small citrus tree, Citrus medica)

Melissa officinalis
Melissa officinalis#Translingual

(botany) lemon balm (a herb, Melissa officinalis)


clareira

glade; clearing (open space in the woods)


claustrófobo

claustrófobo m (plural claustrófobos, feminine claustrófoba, feminine plural claustrófobas)

claustrófobos (plural)
claustrófoba (feminine)
claustrófobas (feminine plural)

claustrophobe (one who suffers from claustrophobia)


colonizador

colonizador m (plural colonizadores, feminine colonizadora, feminine plural colonizadoras)

colonizadores (plural)
colonizadora (feminine)
colonizadoras (feminine plural)


computador portátil

computador portátil m (plural computadores portátiles)


condolência

reintegrationist spelling of condolencia


consultoria

reintegrationist spelling of consultoría


continuidade

Learned borrowing from Latin continuitātem.

lbor

continuity (lack of interruption or disconnection)


conto de fadas

gl-noun

conto de fadas m (plural contos de fadas)

Literally, “fairies' tale”. Likely a calque.

(literature) fairy tale (a fantasy folktale)


coreógrafo

coreógrafo m (plural coreógrafos, feminine coreógrafa, feminine plural coreógrafas)

coreógrafos (plural)
coreógrafa (feminine)
coreógrafas (feminine plural)


corrida de touros

corrida de touros f (plural corridas de touros)


corço

corços (plural)
corça (feminine)
corças (feminine plural)


coxo

coxo m (plural coxos, feminine coxa, feminine plural coxas)

coxos (plural)
coxa (feminine)
coxas (feminine plural)

From Latin cōxus, perhaps from coxa (“hip”). Compare Portuguese coxo, Spanish cojo.

malato, coxo, nẽ cego, nẽ mãco, nẽ uil

c. 1300, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 203:

[nor] leper, [nor] lame, nor blind, nor maimed, nor vile person


coxo

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin cossus (“woodworm”). Compare regional Italian cosso (“pimple”), Romanian coș (“pimple, zit”).

eczema, rush, caused by (or attributed to) the venom of snakes, spiders, vermin or bugs


emulador

emulador m (plural emuladores, feminine emuladora, feminine plural emuladoras)

emuladores (plural)
emuladora (feminine)
emuladoras (feminine plural)

emulator (someone or something that emulates)


emulador

(computing) emulator (application that simulates another system)


miradoiro

miradoiros (plural)
miradouro (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese miradoiro. By surface analysis, mirar (“to watch”) + -doiro, "place where". Compare Portuguese miradouro.


escudeiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese escudeiro, escudeyro, from Late Latin scūtārius, from Latin scūtum (“shield”).

Aquí jaz jan feyjoo escudeyro / bon fidalgo e verdadeyro gran / caçador e monteyro

Here lies Jan Feijoo, squire, a good nobleman and a true great hunter and ranger

(dated) a nobleman of inferior rank who served a knight, a churchman, or another nobleman


espadeiro

Attested since circa 1295 (espadeyro). From espada (“sword”) + -eiro, and Late Latin spatharius (“bodyguard”), from Latin spatha.

auya hũ home boo ẽnas Asturas et auia nume don Payo, et ffora espadeyro del rrey Rrodrigo

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 900:

there was a good man in Asturias, whose name was Pelagius, who had been bodyguard of king Roderic

(historical) king's bodyguard, spatharius

G(om)es A(lvar)es sarraleyro e Pero Fernandes espadeyro vesinnos da dita cidade

1488, M. Sánchez Carrera, editor, El Bajo Miño en el siglo XV, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 353:

fishing boat specialized in the capture of swordfish


esquerdista

gl-noun

esquerdista m or f by sense (plural esquerdistas)

(person, politics) left-winger, leftist (a person who belongs to the political left; a member of the left wing of a party or group)


estaleiro

estaleiros (plural)
ostaleiro (alternative)

From estela (“splinter”) + -eiro. Compare Portuguese estaleiro, Spanish astillero, French atelier.

(nautical) shipyard (place to build and repair ships)


estaleiro

Affonso fernan maestre doobra. frey duran adegueyro. ffrey fernan forneyro. ffrey Martino staleyro

1287, E. Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV. Una sociedad en expansión y en la crisis, Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 368:

Afonso Fernán, master builder; brother Durán, keeper of the winery; brother Fernán, baker; brother Martiño, keeper of the stable

(historical) equerry; master of the horse


estatística

(uncountable) statistics (mathematical science concerned with data collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation)

statistic (single item in a statistical study)


estrondo

From Old Galician-Portuguese estroydo, estrom (14th century, “racket”), perhaps from a Vulgar Latin *extronĭtus, or less likely *extronŏtus, from metathesis of Latin tonĭtrus (“thunder”). Compare Spanish estruendo.

inh

toda a terra tremj́a en derredor dos estroydos dos caualos

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, page 325:

all the ground shook around the din of the horses

porlla villa onde ouuer mestre de fereiros ou de çapateiros ou de outros qualquer mestres que faça roido ou estrom.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 69:

by the town, where there is a master smith or shoemaker or any other master [artisan] that makes noise or racket

noise, din, racket (deep, rumbling noise)


falante nativo

gl-noun

falante nativo m (plural falantes nativos, feminine falante nativa, feminine plural falantes nativas)

falantes nativos (plural)
falante nativa (feminine)
falantes nativas (feminine plural)


fanfarra

fanfare (a flourish of trumpets or horns)


feiticeira

Meigas, feitizos e bruxas
que persigue a Inquisicion,
sin mascara, socaliñas
de cregos e frades son.
Chamanlles bruxas à ás vellas
por ter cara de carton;
pero solamente hay meygas
en donde hay Inquisicion.
As femias da nosa especie
de certa constitucion
fan visaxes, e son tolas,
pero feitizeiras non.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos dun galego:

Witches, spells and hexes,
who are prosecuted by the Inquisition,
maskless, hoaxes
of priests and friars are.
They call hex an old lady
because her face is made of cardboard;
but there are witches
just where it is Inquisition.
Females of our species,
of certain constitution,
make gestures, and are mad,
but sorceresses they are not.

female equivalent of feiticeiro; sorceress


centímetros cúbicos

centímetro cúbico
centímetro cúbico#Galician


corridas de touros

corrida de touros
corrida de touros#Galician


ferrado

From Latin ferrātus (“ironed”), from ferrum (“iron”) + -ātus (“-ate”). As units of measure, from a clipping of Medieval Latin modius ferrātus. Although sometimes considered equivalent to the Spanish celemín, in fact typically about twice as large except as a unit of area.

oyto fanegas de ligoyma entre fuas et eruellas et ii ferrados de noses

1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 78:

eight fanegas [~32 ferrados] of legume, both beans and peas, and two ferrados of chestnuts

o dicto moesteiro abia tres moyos ferrados de pan en a dicta iglesia de Buyercos en cada hun anno

1449, José-Luis Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 374:

the aforementioned monastery has right to three reinforced modii [ferrados] of cereals in the aforementioned church of Buxercos, per uyear

(historical) ferrado, a traditional unit of dry measure equivalent to about 12–18 L

(historical) ferrado, a trapezoidal box formerly used for measuring ferrados of grain

(historical) ferrado, a traditional unit of mass equal to the amount of a substance held by a ferrado, varying from about 12–20 kg depending on each substance's density, irregularity, &c.

(historical) ferrado, a traditional unit of land area reckoned as the amount of land that could be sown with a ferrado of seed, varying from 64–725 m² in different parts of Galicia


ferrador

ferrador m (plural ferradores, feminine ferradora, feminine plural ferradoras)

ferradores (plural)
ferradora (feminine)
ferradoras (feminine plural)

From ferrar + -dor. Compare Portuguese ferrador, Spanish herrador.

logo todos ordenaron que persona nenhua, asy ferrador, como ferreiro que fose ousado de vender a ferragee mays que a estes preços que se sige

1447, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 137:

after this, all ordered that no person, either farrier or smith, should dare to sell ironwork except to this prices that follow

farrier (person who trims and shoes horses’ hooves)


falantes nativos

falantes nativas (canonical masculine plural)


fisga

From fisgar, from Vulgar Latin *fixicare, itself from fixus (“fixed”), from figere (“to fix”).


frugalidade

Learned borrowing from Latin frūgālitātem.

lbor

frugality; thrift (avoiding unnecessary expenditure)


funil

From Occitan fonilh (“funnel”), from Latin fundibulum (“funnel”). Cognate with Portuguese funil.

funnel (utensil used to guide poured liquids)


gaiteiro

gl-noun

gaiteiro m (plural gaiteiros, feminine gaiteira, feminine plural gaiteiras)

gaiteiros (plural)
gaiteira (feminine)
gaiteiras (feminine plural)

(music) bagpiper (one who plays the bagpipes)


fécula

Borrowed from Latin faecula, diminutive of faex (“residue, dregs”).


ceifa

From Arabic صَيْف (ṣayf, “summer”). Cognate with Portuguese ceifa.


chuvisca

chuviscas (plural)
chovisca (alternative)


enfeita

Attested since the 17th century. Perhaps a back-formation from enfeitar (“to adorn, to garnish”).

back-formation

Dubido do que farei / Para saír desta enfeita / Maxino roer as uñas / E bourar mui ben na testa

1697, Francisco Antonio del Valle, Fiestas Minervales, Santiago: Antonio Frayz, page 34:

I'm dubious on what to do / to get out of this challenge / I imagine gnawing my nails / And ably beating my head


pirola

Unknown. Perhaps from pixola, from pixa (“penis”) + -ola. Perhaps cognate with Portuguese piroca.

(vulgar) dick, cock (penis, sausage roll)


carallo

The etymology is unknown, but the most plausible source, on the basis of both semantics and historical phonology, appears to be unattested Latin *c(h)araculum, which would have been a Latinized diminutive of Ancient Greek χάραξ (khárax, “stick”). This also provides a single, phonologically coherent source for the cognates: Portuguese caralho, Spanish carajo and Catalan carall. Attempts to attribute Italian same-meaning cazzo to the same etymon fail on phonological grounds, as the /r/ of carajo (or its absence in cazzo) remains unexplained, and no Latin phonological sequence develops as both /x/ in Spanish and /tts/ in Italian. Otherwise, perhaps related to Breton kalc'h, Welsh cala, from a derivative of Proto-Celtic *kalgā.

unk

unknown


fillo de puta

gl-noun

fillo de puta m (plural fillos de puta, feminine filla de puta, feminine plural fillas de puta)

fillos de puta (plural)
filla de puta (feminine)
fillas de puta (feminine plural)

[ˈfi.ɟʊ ð̞ɪ ˈpu.t̪ɐ]

Attested since the 13th century. Compare Portuguese filho da puta, Spanish hijo de puta, French fils de pute.

Chamaruos am fyllo de puta, mays nõ fillo de traedor; ca fio por Deus que en tal guisa obrarey eu, que nõ auerey ende uergonça

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 745:

They will call you son of whore, but not son of a traitor; because, by God, I'll act in such a manner that I would have not shame on me

(derogatory, vulgar) son of a bitch, son of a whore


balonmán

A semantic calque of German handball, from balón (“ball”) + man (“hand”).


falante nativa

falante nativa f (plural falantes nativas)


mariñeiro

mariñeiro m (plural mariñeiros, feminine mariñeira, feminine plural mariñeiras)

mariñeiros (plural)
mariñeira (feminine)
mariñeiras (feminine plural)
marinheiro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese marỹeiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from mariño, from Latin marīnus. Compare Portuguese marinheiro, Spanish marinero, English mariner. Cf. also Vulgar Latin marinarius.

catro vellos mariñeiros / Todos metidos nun bote / Voga, voga, mariñeiro, / imos pra Viveiro / xa se ve San Roque.

Four old sailors, all together in a boat: "row, mariner, row; we're going to Viveiro, we're already seeing San Roque."

afreto de vos Juan de Bayona, marineiro, besiño da villa de Pontevedra, que sodes presente, a barcha que dizen por nome San Salvador, que Deus salve, de que vos sodes mestre, para que prasendo a Deus, carrege ẽna dita barcha tres mill çeramis de millo, medidos por la medida dereita da praça da dita villa de Pontevedra, para a costa de Biscaya, a qual dita barcha deve de ser cargada do dito millo doje ata quinse dias segintes et dende partir con a boa ventura do primeiro boo tenpo que lle Deus der et en segimento de seu biajen ata o porto de Laredo et ende pousar ancla et estar tres dias hũu en pos de outro et enton devo eu, o dito mercador de dar devisa se iremos descargar aa vila de Vermeu ou aa vila de San Sabastian

1433, A. Rodríguez González & J. Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 32

I affreight from you, Xoán de Baiona, mariner, citizen of the town of Pontevedra, here present, the ship called San Salvador, God bless her, whose master you are, for, if God pleases, loading aboard that ship three thousand bushels of millet, as measured by the right measure of the marketplace of the aforementioned town of Pontevedra, bound for the coast of Biscay; and the aforementioned ship must be loaded with the mentioned millet from today till fifteen next days, and then to depart with good winds during the first good weather God gives, and following her journey till the harbour of Laredo, and there to cast anchor and stay for three days in a row, and then I, the aforementioned merchant, should send a message of whether we should go unload at the town of Bermeo or at the town of San Sebastian.


teléfono intelixente

teléfono intelixente m (plural teléfonos intelixentes)


teléfonos intelixentes

teléfono intelixente
teléfono intelixente#Galician


quentapirolas

quentapirolas m or f by sense (invariable)

quentar (“heat up/excite”) + pirolas (“cocks”)

compound

(vulgar) blue-baller, cock tease, cocktease, cockteaser, prickteaser, tease


espantallo

espantallos (plural)
espantalho (alternative)

From espantar (“to scare”) + -allo. Compare Catalan espantall.


benvida

benvidas (plural)
benvinda (alternative)

welcome (act of greeting someone's arrival)


couce

couces (plural)
coi (alternative)
couz (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese couce m (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin calcem f (“heel”). Cognate with Portuguese coice m and Spanish coz f.

inh+

Iten, Johán Cortido, vesiño da çidade d'Ourense, et sua ama diseron, por lo dito juramento que feito avyan, que omes de Aluaro de Taboa[da] que lle lleuaron e tomaron do seu lugar de Casa Noua sete mantas e hun alfamare e tres sabaas de cama et hun pano de cabeça et quatro toucas et hun sodario et viinte e duas maranas de fiado delgado et seys bincos de prata et huas doas de viinte pares de doas et hun leitón, por que lle dauan dosentos mrs, et seys sacos et dous coitellos de mesa et çen mrs vellos en diñeiros, et tres capilejos et dous vntos, et dous legóos nouos et hun espeto et hua fouçe et hun caldeiro de cobre et hun manto vermello et hua sabaa, e que todo lle tomaran e que a apancaran e que a encheran de couçes

1448, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 295:

Item, Xoán Cortido, citizen of the city of Ourense, and his housekeeper, told, under the oath they'd done, that men of Álvaro de Taboada took from them and took in their place of Casa Nova: seven blankets, a quilt, three bedsheets, a cloth for the head, and four shawls and a shroud and twenty two skeins of thin yarn and six silver earrings and twenty pairs of beads and a sucking piglet, for which they would give two hundred maravedis, and six bags and two table knives and a hundred old maravedis in coins, and three coifs and two lards, and two new hoes and a roasting skewer and a sickle and a copper cauldron and a red robe and a sheet, and that all this they took and that they beat her up and filled her with kicks

Drias do rio ajudame,
Que o Pegaso è mala vesta,
E se me acerta dous couces
En ma dia sò Poeta.

1967, Juan Antonio Torrado, Fala o corvo, escoiten todos:

Dryads of the river, help me,
because Pegasus is a fierce beast,
if he hits me two kicks
at a bad time I am a poet

stump, part left after a cut, like a tree or a plant


beisbolista

gl-noun

beisbolista m or f by sense (plural beisbolistas)


balonvolea

A semantic calque of English handball, from balón (“ball”) + volea (“volley”).


voleibolista

voleibolista m or f by sense (plural voleibolistas)


dicionario de sinónimos

dicionario de sinónimos m (plural dicionarios de sinónimos)


dicionarios de sinónimos

dicionario de sinónimos
dicionario de sinónimos#Galician


eurodeputado

eurodeputado m (plural eurodeputados, feminine eurodeputada, feminine plural eurodeputadas)

eurodeputados (plural)
eurodeputada (feminine)
eurodeputadas (feminine plural)

(politics) MEP (Member of the European Parliament)


programa de telerrealidade

programa de telerrealidade m (plural programas de telerrealidade)


programas de telerrealidade

programa de telerrealidade
programa de telerrealidade#Galician


camioneiro

camioneiro m (plural camioneiros, feminine camioneira, feminine plural camioneiras)

camioneiros (plural)
camioneira (feminine)
camioneiras (feminine plural)


cámara de vídeo

cámara de vídeo f (plural cámaras de vídeo)


cámaras de vídeo

cámara de vídeo
cámara de vídeo#Galician


catasol

15th century. From catar (“to catch, watch”) + sol (“sun”).

umbrella, sunshade, parasol (used to protect against the sun)


bronceador

bronceador m (plural bronceadores, feminine bronceadora, feminine plural bronceadoras)

bronceadores (plural)
bronceadora (feminine)
bronceadoras (feminine plural)


tabléfono

A semantic calque of English phablet, from tableta (“tablet”) + teléfono (“telephone”) (tableta (“tablet”) + -fono (“phono”))


teléfono móbil

gl-noun

teléfono móbil m (plural teléfonos móbiles)

cell phone (US), mobile phone (UK, Australia)


enderezo de correo electrónico

enderezo de correo electrónico m (plural enderezos de correo electrónico)

enderezos de correo electrónico (plural)


enderezos de correo electrónico

enderezo de correo electrónico
enderezo de correo electrónico#Galician

plural of enderezo de correo electrónico


clarividente

clarividente m or f by sense (plural clarividentes)


boletín de novas

boletín de novas m (plural boletíns de novas)


boletín de noticias

boletín de noticias m (plural boletíns de noticias)


boletín informativo

boletín informativo m (plural boletíns informativos)


boletíns informativos

boletín informativo
boletín informativo#Galician


boletíns de noticias

boletín de noticias
boletín de noticias#Galician


boletíns de novas

boletín de novas
boletín de novas#Galician


telefonía fixa

telefonía fixa f (plural telefonías fixas)

(retronym) landline (fixed telephone communications cable)


teléfono fixo

teléfono fixo m (plural teléfonos fixos)

(retronym) landline (telephone connected by such a fixed cable)


gavacho

gavacho m (plural gavachos, feminine gavacha, feminine plural gavachas)

gavachos (plural)
gavacha (feminine)
gavachas (feminine plural)
gabacho (alternative)

Attested since 1808 during the Peninsular war. Ultimately from Occitan gavach, originally ‘bird’s crop, goitre, swelling’, later ‘mountain-dweller, northerner, peasant’ (because of the high incidence of disease in these populations). Influenced by gabar (“to boast”).

Si eu fora alá, meus queridos, por esta Cruz volo xuro, con mil cabezas francesas, había de vir, moi rufo; Esto con ser xa tan vello; mais vós, con catro estornudos, non deixarés un Gabacho, si poñedes ben os puntos; Ide á guerra, meus garridos, Dios vos axude, meus rulos, e aquel Patrón das Españas, que ten o pelo moi rubio

1808, anonymous author, Un labrador que foi sarxento:

If I go there, my loved ones, I swear on this cross that with a thousand French heads I would return, sound and healthy. And this being myself as old as I am. But you, with just four sneezes, won't leave a Frenchy left, if you put the points correctly. Go to war, my fine youngsters, God help you, my darlings, and that patron of the Spains who is so blonde!

(vulgar, ethnic slur, slang, derogatory) Frenchy


primeira posición

primeira posición f (plural primeiras posicións)


primeiras posicións

primeira posición
primeira posición#Galician


comedia de situación

comedia de situación f (plural comedias de situación)

sitcom, situation comedy (episodic comedy television program)


comedias de situación

comedia de situación
comedia de situación#Galician


ideólogo

ideólogo m (plural ideólogos, feminine ideóloga, feminine plural ideólogas)

ideólogos (plural)
ideóloga (feminine)
ideólogas (feminine plural)

ideologue, ideologist (advocate of a particular ideology)


hora extra

overtime (working time outside of one’s regular hours)

overtime (extra pay for work outside one’s regular hours)


ordenador portátil

ordenador portátil m (plural ordenadores portátiles)


computadores portátiles

computador portátil
computador portátil#Galician


ordenadores portátiles

ordenador portátil
ordenador portátil#Galician


computadora portátil

computadora portátil f (plural computadoras portátiles)


computadoras portátiles

computadora portátil
computadora portátil#Galician


impopularidade

impopularidade f (plural impopularidades)


cumio

15th century. From cume + -io, from Latin culmen, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-.


cronoloxía

From New Latin chronologia, from Ancient Greek χρονολογία (khronología), from χρόνος (khrónos) "time".


casquete

Attested since the 15th century. Casco (“helmet”) + -ete.

preçaron hun casquete e hua espada e hun ferro de hua lança, aparte dos menores em dozentos e viinte maravedis

1474, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 74:

they appraised a helmet and a sword and a spearhead, the minors' share, in two hundred and twenty maravedis

ribbon or hood which keeps the fibre wrapped around the distaff


inflexibilidade

From inflexible + -bilidade or in- + flexibilidade.

inflexibility (quality of being inflexible)


balonvoleísta

balonvoleísta m or f by sense (plural balonvoleístas)


lista de reprodución

lista de reprodución f (plural listas de reprodución)


listas de reprodución

lista de reprodución
lista de reprodución#Galician


ratoeira

From rato + -eira. First attested in 1876.


razoamento

reasoning (deduction of inferences or interpretations from premises)


ligazón

ligar + -zón, or from Late Latin ligatio, ligationem (probably a semi-learned borrowing, or formed based on the Latin word), itself from Latin ligo (“bind”). Compare Portuguese ligação, Spanish ligazón, French liaison.


toureiro

toureiro m (plural toureiros, feminine toureira, feminine plural toureiras)

toureiros (plural)
toureira (feminine)
toureiras (feminine plural)

(bullfighting) torero, bullfighter, toreador


golpella

From Old Galician-Portuguese golpella, from Old Galician-Portuguese *vulpicla, from Latin vulpēcula (“fox kit”), diminutive of vulpēs (“fox”).


praza de touros

praza de touros f (plural prazas de touros)


barbeito

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin vervactum (“fallow ground”), from vervagō (“to plough or break fallow land”), of unknown origin.
Cognate with Portuguese barbeito and Spanish barbecho.


chorume

Perhaps from Vulgar Latin *florumen, from Latin flos (“flower”). Compare chorima.

consintíu nesso, ê, como hè gallego Maziso, vendo, què â redondilla, aunque era Castillana, tiña ô mismo orden, sintido, ê consonancia, nà sua lengua, trasladaria nela, por què topoù assi mais churume

1753, Diego Cernadas, Adán non pudo pecar:

he consented, and since he is a solid Galician, seeing how the redondilla, even being Castilian, has the same order, sense and consonance in his language, he translated it, because he found in this manner more juice

liquid fat and juices that seep from prepared meat


entrevistadora

entrevistadora f (plural entrevistadoras)


irracionalidade

irracionalidade f (plural irracionalidades)


motocultor

two-wheel tractor, rotavator, rototiller


chimpín

Attested since the late 20th century. Probably from chimpar.

Parece ser que parte da árbore estaba podre e caeulle enrriba, cando ía tirar del e estaba subido nun chimpín de costas ao piñeiro.

2019 October 18, “Morre un veciño de Boiro ao caerlle unha árbore enriba”, in TVG:

2021 August 3, “Perde a vida un operario que foi atropelado por un chimpín en Tui”, in 112 Emerxencia Galicia:


limpaparabrisas

limpar (“to clean”) + parabrisas (“windscreen”)


ladeira

From Old Galician-Portuguese *ladeyra: lado + -eira.


cárcere

[ˈkɑɾ.θe.ɾɪ]

[ˈkɑɾ.θe.ɾɪ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese carcer, from Latin carcer, carcerem. Cognate with Portuguese cárcere, Italian carcere and Spanish cárcel.


lanceiro

From Late Latin lanciārius, from Latin lancea + -ārius. By surface analysis, lanza + -eiro.

(military) spearman (soldier armed with a spear)

(military) lancer (cavalry soldier armed with a lance weapon)

se alguas seeteyras ou lançeyros estan feytas en a parede da dicta casa, que as çarren de pedra et que as non abran nunca nen façan y outras alguas a saluo fique en o sotoo da dicta casa as lumeeyras que foren neçesarias et perteesçentes para dar lume ao dicto sotoo que non seian por maneyra de defensa algua

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

if some arrowslits or embrasures are built in the walls of that tower house, they must be closed in stone, never to be reopened, and they shouldn't build new ones, with this exception, that in the ground floor there should be enough and sufficient skylights for lightening the aforementioned ground floor, but as long as they can't be used for defense

(archaic, military, architecture) embrasure


larica

Moita larica pasamos de pequenos!


lavandeira

lavandeiras (plural)
labrandeira (alternative)

From lavandeiro (“launderer, laundryman”), from Late Latin lavandārius, from Latin lavāre (“to wash”).

(folklore) washerwoman, lavandière, bean-nighe; fairy who washes the clothes of the ones that are going to die

Dempois vin dúas lavandeiras que depenicaban unha espiga de trigo na leira de Xan de Pedreira, unha pomba que voaba pró souto de Fonte Boa, unha péga que fuxía de un lagarteiro, catro corvos que espaturraban un canciño morto na carballeira, un melro que asubiaba entre as follas dun cereixo, un carpinteiro que facía o burato pró seu niño; e unha laverca que rebulía no aire, con unha miñoquiña no pico.

1894, Luís Otero Pimentel, Truada de rapaces:

After this I saw two wagtails which were pecking a wheat spike at the field of Xan de Pedreira, a dove flying to the wood of Fonte Boa, a magpie fleeing from a kestrel, four ravens which were clawing at a dead pup at the oak grove, a blackbird whistling in the leaves of a cherry tree, a woodpecker making the hole of its nest; and a lark fluttering in the air with a little earthworm in its beak.

Motacilla alba
Motacilla alba#Translingual


ladaíña

From Old Galician-Portuguese ledaỹa, from Latin litanīa, from Ancient Greek λιτανεία (litaneía, “prayer”).


sirgo

From Old Galician-Portuguese sirgo (“silk”), from Latin sēricus (“made of silk”), from Seres (“the Chinese”), from Ancient Greek Σῆρες (Sêres, “China, the Chinese”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 /丝 (sī, “silk”).


libertinagem

reintegrationist spelling of libertinaxe


loureiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese loureiro, from Vulgar Latin *laurārius, from Latin laurus. By surface analysis, louro (“laurel, laurel leaf”) + eiro.

surf

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual

a grape variety local to Galicia and Portugal


macaense

gl-noun

macaense m or f by sense (plural macaenses)


madeixa

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mataxa, from Ancient Greek μέταξα (métaxa).

skein (a quantity of yarn, thread, or the like, put up together, after it is taken from the reel)


maioral

(management) foreman (the leader of a work crew)


medios de comunicación de masas

medios de comunicación de masas m pl (plural only)


medios de comunicación

medios de comunicación m pl (plural only)


sorteira

[sɔɾˈtei̯ɾɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese sorteira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), corresponding to sorte (“fate, fortune”) + eira (feminine occupational suffix).

af

¡Basta, basta! Vosté é sorteira, tía Suíña. Ben sabe que esas meiguerías son carocas que Dios condena. Peca quen as usa, e peca moito máis quen as espende.

1922, Armando Cotarelo Valledor, Trebón:

«Stop, stop! You a sorceress, aunt Suíña. You know well that those witcheries are fantasies that God forbids. Whoever uses them sins, and sins even more whoever deals them.»


pucho

From carapucho, from caparucho, from capa (“cape, cloak; cap”).


pucho

gl-noun

pucho m (plural puchos, feminine pucha, feminine plural puchas)

puchos (plural)
pucha (feminine)
puchas (feminine plural)

anque fora para xûntar puchos para á cortaduria non rompia mais sapatos, nin levaba mais molladuras das que levou de casa en casa dos eleutores

1837, anonymous author, Coloquio na pontella da Chaínsa:

not even if it was to gather calves for the butcher shop had he broken more shoes or taken more soakings than what he took from house to house of the electors


moenda

14th century. From Latin molenda, neuter plural gerund of molō. Compare Spanish molienda, Italian molenda.

1380, José Ignacio Fernández de Viana y Vieites (ed.), Colección diplomática del monasterio de Santa María de Pantón. Lugo: Deputación Provincial, page 90

you shall provide [this mill] with everything it could need, so that it don't lose milling time/flour whenever it has to mill

que o adubedes daquelo que le conprir como non perqua moenda cando el tever que moer


moleiro

From Latin molinārius, through an From Old Galician-Portuguese form molneiro, following syncopation. Doublet of muiñeiro. Compare Spanish molero.

Iten que acadastes vos o dito Gil Peres das aviinças dos moleiros da ribeira de Sarela et de duas viuvas, dusentos et seseenta moravedis de moeda vella que nos avian de dar o dito anno

1418, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 107

Item, that you obtained from said Gil Pérez, of the agreements with the millers of the banks of the river Sarela and of two widows, two hundred and sixty maravedis of old coinage, that they ought to give to us said year


monteiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese monteyro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from monte (“wilderness”) + -eiro. Compare Portuguese monteiro and Spanish montero.

Aqui jaz Jan Feyjoo escudeyro, bon fidalgo e verdadeyro gran caçador e monteyro

Here lies Xoán Feixoo, squire, good nobleman and a true great hunter and hunstman


moralidade

Learned borrowing from Latin mōrālitātem.

lbor

morality (recognition of or obedience to the rules of correct conduct)


morangueiro

strawberry (any plant of the genus Fragaria)


esteo

From Old Galician-Portuguese esteo, from Latin stilus. Cognate with Portuguese esteio and Old Spanish estelo. Doublet of estilo.

Et sabede que as feyturas do sobrado que erã de ouro fino et os esteos de tódoslos paaços erã de cristal

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica Troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 232:


esteo

From proto-Galician *esteno, ultimately from Latin extenuō. Compare Asturian estenar

dry and clear weather in between showers


ratificación

ratificacións (plural)
ratificaçom (alternative)
ratificação (alternative)


raios X

X-ray (short wavelength electromagnetic radiation)


mexericas

From mexer (“to mess up”) + -ico + -as. Cognate with Portuguese mexerica; compare mexericar.


morgado

primogeniture (The principle that the eldest child has an exclusive right of inheritance)


cántara

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 341

The rain that was falling over them was so strong and so thick that it seemed as if they were throwing it over them with jugs

Et a chuvia era tã grãde et tã espessa que caya sobre elles que semellaua que cõ cantaras lla lançauã

j. carrega de uio mole aa dorna de .V. cantaras a carrega τ a cãtara de XVj. açõbres

1296, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 204

1 load of grape must at the trough, of five cántaras each load, each cántara 16 azumbres

a unit of liquid measure equivalent to some 16 l or, historically, to 8 or 16 azumbres


guizo

Perhaps onomatopoeic or from a Germanic language: compare English whisk, from Proto-Germanic *wiskaz (“bundle”). Cognate with Portuguese guiço and Spanish guizque (“sting”).


videoconferencia

gl-noun

videoconferencia f (plural videoconferencias)


ermida

ermidas (plural)
hermida (alternative dated)

From Old Galician-Portuguese ermida, hermida, from Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin erēmīta, from Ancient Greek ἐρημίτης (erēmítēs), from ἔρημος (érēmos, “solitary”).
Cognate with Portuguese ermida, Spanish ermita and Catalan ermita.

an isolated chapel, shrine or other sanctuary, often in the care of a hermit or anchorite


negacionista

negacionista m or f by sense (plural negacionistas)

denialist, denier (one who denies an assertion in a controversial debate)


noctâmbulo

noctâmbulos (plural)
noctâmbula (feminine)
noctâmbulas (feminine plural)


noitada

night (time, space or duration of a night)


obscenidade

Learned borrowing from Latin obscēnitātem.

lbor

obscenity (the quality of being obscene)


cachola

[kɑˈt͡ʃɔ.lɐ]

Dóeme a cachola.

Ese home non ten nada na cachola.


malfeito

From Old Galician-Portuguese malfeito (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from mal + feito, or from Latin malefactus.


margarida

Bellis perennis
Bellis perennis#Translingual

daisy (Bellis perennis, a wild flower with a yellow head and white petals)


olheiro

olheiros (plural)
olheira (feminine)
olheiras (feminine plural)


onomástica

(linguistics) onomastics (branch of lexicology devoted to the study of names)


ornitólogo

gl-noun

ornitólogo m (plural ornitólogos, feminine ornitóloga, feminine plural ornitólogas)

ornitólogos (plural)
ornitóloga (feminine)
ornitólogas (feminine plural)


osga

gecko (any lizard of the family Gekkonidae)


ouvinte

ouvinte m or f by sense (plural ouvintes)

From Latin audiēns, audientem, present participle of audiō. Compare Portuguese ouvinte, Spanish oyente.

someone who is listening to a speech or lecture


paraíso fiscal

paraíso fiscal m (plural paraísos fiscais)

tax haven (country or territory where certain taxes are very low)


patinete

patinete eléctrico


patriarcado

From Latin patriarchātus, corresponding to patriarca (“patriarch”) + -ado.


independentismo

independentismo m (plural independentismos)


penico

Unknown. Perhaps related to English pan, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ.


pelica

da pelica da marta, hua branca, et da lontra, dous diñeiros, et da raposa, hun diñeiro

1439, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 420:

a marten pelt, a branca [coin]; and of otter, two diñeiros; and of fox, a diñeiro

sheepskin used, in the past, to protect the mattress in the beds of younger children or as a carpet


cachada

A súa nai entrou cando estaba no baño... Vaia cachada!

His mother entered the bathroom when he was inside... Such a find!

an instance of catching or finding someone, especially of catching someone red-handed


alcácer

From Old Galician-Portuguese alcaçer, alcaçar, from Arabic اَلْقَصْر (al-qaṣr, “the castle”), probably from Latin castrum, and therefore a doublet of castro.


barqueiro

gl-noun

barqueiro m (plural barqueiros, feminine barqueira, feminine plural barqueiras)

barqueiros (plural)
barqueira (feminine)
barqueiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese barqueiro, from barco (“boat”) + -eiro.

paresçeron y Gonçalvo Baluga e Pero de Reça, barqueiros da barqa d'agua do Miño, perteesçente ao dito conçello e ao bispo d'Ourense

1432, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 385:

there appeared Gonzalvo Baluga and Pedro de Reza, boatmen of the barge of the river Miño, which belongs to said town council and to the bishop of Ourense


canado

13th century. Derived, with the suffix -ado, from Latin canna (“cane”) or from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ (“can, tankard”).

It. huun canado de trager a agoa

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Historica, I, 5, page 342:

1421, Margot Sponer (ed.), "Documentos antiguos de Galicia", in Anuari de l'Oficina Románica de Lingüística i Literatura, 7, page 60

two canados of soft wine [taken] from the mouth of the wine press, as they are measured in Monforte

douſ canadoσ de bjnõ mole aa bica do lagar por la medida de Monforte

a traditional measure of capacity, equivalent to 32 or 64 l


diástole

Ultimately from Ancient Greek διαστολή (diastolḗ, “separation, drawing asunder”), from διά (diá, “apart”) + στέλλειν (stéllein, “send”). Cognate with Portuguese diástole.

der

(physiology) diastole (period when the heart refills with blood)


incredulidade

Borrowed from Late Latin incrēdulitātem, from Latin incrēdulus.

disbelief (unwillingness or inability to believe in something)


poleiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese poleiro, from Latin pullarius.

Antes de rubir ó puleiro, non fan máis que cacarexar qu'han facer i acontecer, pro non se ve outra cousa dempois máis qu'os benfeitos que reciben tódo-los que teñen a sorte de ll'axudar nas falcatrúas, pr'amocar ós que non son do pau, e nas trécolas pra conquerir sona co cacique maor, que dende Madril diuta disposiciós d'intrés particolar prós seus nagocios.

(the councillors) before climbing onto the perch do nothing but cackle about what they'll do and what will be, but then you don't see anything other than the benefits received by all who have the fortune to help them in their frauds, to club those that don't belong to the same suit, and the tricks to gain fame with the great cacique, who from Madrid dictates dispositions of particular interest for his own business.

perch (branch or shaft where birds roost)


poldro

poldros (plural)
poltro (alternative)
potro (alternative)

13th century. From Vulgar Latin *pŭllĭter. Cognate with Spanish potro, French poutre, Italian poltro.

Mando a Nonno Fernandez ũn poldro ou ũna egua qual el primeyro quiſer.

1281, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 133

I send to Nuno Fernández a foal or a mare, whichever he wants it more


chapapote

From Classical Nahuatl chapopohtli (“tar, asphalt”).


prateiro

gl-noun

prateiro m (plural prateiros, feminine prateira, feminine plural prateiras)

prateiros (plural)
prateira (feminine)
prateiras (feminine plural)

Attested since the 14th century. From prata + -eiro.


precedência

reintegrationist spelling of precedencia


alosna

15th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese alosna, probably borrowed from Old Spanish alosna, from the plural of Latin aloxinum.

Para esto ual enprasto feito de çumo da alosna et do apeo et de çera et de exulla de porco uello et pouco de vjno branco et ferua todo esto desuun con fariña triga

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 125:

For this is good a plaster made of celery and wormwood sap, and of wax, and of old pork grease, and some white wine, and let all this boil together with wheat flour

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium#Translingual

(archaic) grande wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)


senra

In western Galician, from Old Galician-Portuguese *sẽara; in eastern Galician from senra. Attested in local Medieval Latin documents since the 9th century as senara, from Paleo-Hispanic *senara, probably a compound of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *senara (“piece of land cultivated on the side”), from *sen- (“separation”) (<< Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”)) + *aryeti (“to plow”).
Cognate with Portuguese senra, seara and Spanish serna.

der

swidden; communal terrain, usually left fallow, undivided and covered by bushes, which is eventually slashed and burned for the temporal production of rye or wheat. Alternative form of seara


recrutamento

recruitment (the process of finding recruits)


restinga

restingas (plural)
restringa (alternative)

sandbank, sandbar, spit (narrow, pointed, sandy peninsula)


rabaño

rabaños (plural)
rabanho (alternative)
rebaño (alternative proscribed)

Unknown. Cognate with Portuguese rebanho and Spanish rebaño.


relanzo

landing (a level area at the top of a flight of stairs, or connecting one flight with another)


plurilingüismo

gl-noun

plurilingüismo m (plural plurilingüismos)


trincado

From *trinca + -ado, from Middle French tringle (“rod”), from Old Norse tengja (“to join, attach”).


corme

Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *kurmi (“beer”)


sacho

[ˈs̺a̠.t͡ʃʊ]

From Vulgar Latin *sarclum, from Latin sarculum.

labrar de todas lauorias et de estercamento et çaramento et mondamento et sacho

1428, M. Mar Graña Cid, editor, Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), page 319:

to work [this land] in every labour, and to fertilize it, and to enclose it, and to weed it, and [to use] the hoe

kind of hoe or mattock (agricultural tool)


vacaloura

vacalouras (plural)
vacaloira (alternative)

Apparently a composite of vaca (“cow”) + loura (in the past, "dark"); so either "dark cow" or perhaps a folk etymology of an older composite pre-Latin word. Cognate with Portuguese vacaloura and Asturian vacalloria.

Lucanus cervus
Lucanus cervus#Translingual

stag beetle (Lucanus cervus, a large species of beetle)


herculino

herculino m (plural herculinos, feminine herculina, feminine plural herculinas)

herculinos (plural)
herculina (feminine)
herculinas (feminine plural)

From Hércul(es) + -ino (“-ine, -ian”), after the Tower of Hercules, a symbol of the city.

native or inhabitant of A Coruña, Galicia (usually male)


tendal

Attested since the 14th century. Tenda (“tent”) + -al.

(historical) installation for hanging and drying flax and linen

place or installation to hang and dry things

board, table or platform where the loaves are deposited before being taken to the oven


tenca

From Late Latin tinca, probably from Gaulish.


trebello

trebellos (plural)
trebelho (alternative)

Unknown. Cognate with Portuguese trebelho and Spanish trebejo.

Et diz o conto que os trebellos et o caualo erã d'ouro et de prata, laurados muy noblement et per grã soteleza

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 515:

And the tale says that the chess pieces and the knight were made of gold and silver, crafted in the most noble way and with great subtlety


carballo

carballos (plural)
carvalho (alternative)

[kɑɾˈβ̞a̠.ɟʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese carvallo, also attested in local Medieval Latin document since the 8th century; from carba + -allo. Further etymology uncertain: from a substrate language, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kr̥-wós (compare Latin curvus, "bent"). Cognate with Portuguese carvalho and Asturian carbayu.

Quercus robur
Quercus robur#Translingual

English oak (Quercus robur), which was the more common tree in Galicia till the second half of the 20th century

Quercus petraea
Quercus petraea#Translingual

Quercus coccifera
Quercus coccifera#Translingual

Quercus faginea
Quercus faginea#Translingual

1353, M. Lucas Álvarez & P. Lucas Domínguez (eds.), El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos. Sada/A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 513

1391 AD, Saturday, 6th of may, being under the oak of the church of Saint Michael of Osmo, before Roi Lourenzo, judge in the jurisdiction of Anllo …

Era da naçença de noso Sennor Ihesu de mille et trezentos et nouenta et hun anos, sabado VI dias do mes de mayo, estando su o caruallo da igleia de san Migel d'Osamo ante Roy Lourenço, juys nos coutos d'Anllo

Camiños de perdiciós pratican os máis e os menos máis de cen. O carballo máis ferrudo si o becho lle crava o dente no raigado, amolece e xa golbudo vén ao chan prestamente derrumbado. Os vicios son bechos fortes que amolegan corpos duros e valentes

1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega:

Roads to perdition, the most and the least practice more than a hundred. The most robust oak, if the bug sink his teeth in the roots, softens and, when rotten, comes to the ground promptly, slumped. Vices are strong bugs that soften hard and bold bodies.

Iten, os ditos Gonçaluo Ferrnandes e Gonçaluo Ferreiro se obrigaron de trager pera a obra da ponte d'Ourense oyteenta trabes de carballo, que ajan cada hua viinte e sete cóbedos conpridos en longo

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 413:

Item, the aforementioned Gonzalo Fernandez and Gonzalo Ferreiro committed themselves to bring, for the construction of the bridge of Ourense, eighty beams of oak, each one at least twenty-seven cubits long


sabugo

sabugos (plural)
sabuco (alternative)
samuco (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin sabūcus, variant of sambūcus.

(dated) elderberry; elder (shrub of the genus Sambucus)

in general, any soft medulla under a hard substance


pedra preciosa

pedra preciosa f (plural pedras preciosas)

Attested since circa 1300. Compare French pierre précieuse, Spanish piedra preciosa.

quando chegarõ os judeus disellis com̃o tĩjna ali muy grãde algo en ouro et en aliofre et en pedras preçiosas

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 414:

when the Jew arrived he told them that he has there a large fortune in gold, pearls and precious stones


sacarímetro

saccharometer (device used to measure the sugar content of a liquid)


sabugueiro

sabugueiros (plural)
samugueiro (alternative)

Attested 12th century, in local Latin charters. From sabugo + -eiro; sabugo from Latin sabūcus. Compare Spanish saúco.

a qual cortina se departe da huna parte per los agros de Chamuyn et doutra parte uay topar enno uallo dos castineyros, et entesta duna parte ennas reyzes dos salgueyros que estan entre esta cortina et entre a outra uossa cortina que jaz tras lo uosso pââço de Tarrio; et da outra parte entesta enno sabugeyro que esta â âlende o penedo que esta en essa cortina

1331, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 113

Sambucus nigra
Sambucus nigra#Translingual


lingüística histórica

historical linguistics
historical linguistics


lingüística diacrónica

diachronic linguistics
diachronic linguistics


leira

Cognate of Portuguese leira and of Asturian lleira (“strip of land”). From Old Galician-Portuguese leira, documented in local Medieval Latin as larea and laria since the 9th century. From Paleo-Hispanic, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlāryā, a derivative from Proto-Celtic *ɸlārom (“floor”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂ros (“flat”), from *pleh₂- (“to be flat”). Cognate of Welsh llawr (“floor”), of English floor, and of Luxembourgish Flouer (“farmland”).
Josep Coromines discarded other proposed etymons:
* Latin glārea (“gravel”), the etymon of Spanish glera (“land with gravel or sand”) and of Asturian llera (“idem”), because of the improbable semantic evolution implied;
* Agglutination of the article + ārea: unlikely in the Galician-Portuguese linguistic area, where the article lost the lateral consonant.

damus e outorgamus a uos [...] Ia leyra derdade que abemus en Eires como departe pe-la leyra do casal de Cima de Villa en o qual mora Domingo Eanes, e da outra parte pe-los marcos que y estan chantados, e da outra parte pe-la careyra, e da outra parte pe-la pedra que esta en fondo desta leira; conuen a saber que vos fazades esta leira Ia cassa pera lagar e non fazades en ela outra casa nenuna nen poombal, nen tolades o carril da uila

1277, M. Lucas Alvarez, P. P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 411:

we give and grant you a field that we have in Eires, as it departs from the field that belongs to the farm of Cimadevila where Domigo Eanes lives, in the other side by the boundary stones that are thrusted there, in the other side by the road, and in the other side by the rock that is at the end of this field; and you shall build in this field a winery, but you should not build there any other house or dovecote, nor should you occupy the road to the village


leira

Transference of meaning from Latin līra (“furrow, ridge”).


padiola

From padia + -ola. Compare Spanish parihuela.


angarellas

Ultimately from a diminutive of Latin angaria. Compare Spanish angarillas.

panniers or bars for transporting loads in animals


tonelada métrica

tonelada métrica f (plural toneladas métricas)


megagramo

From mega- (“mega”) + gramo (“gram”), a calque of French mégagramme.

tonelada métrica
tonelada métrica#Galician

Synonym of tonelada métrica (“metric ton”)


quilómetro cadrado

quilómetro cadrado m (plural quilómetros cadrados)

square kilometer (US), square kilometre (UK)


quilómetros cadrados

quilómetro cadrado
quilómetro cadrado#Galician


reviravolta

Blend of revirar (“to twist”) + viravolta (“fast turn”).


saleiro

From sal (“salt”), from Latin sal, and the suffix -eiro.

et dous saleyros para sal et quatro baçios grandes dstanno

1373, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 191:

two salt cellars for holding salt and four large bowls of tin

trough used for salting meat (for its preservation)


visgo

mistletoe (any of several evergreen plants that grow on trees)


saibro

From Latin sabulum, from Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂dʰos.

(heraldry) sable (the black colour on a coat of arms)


singularidade

Learned borrowing from Latin singulāritātem.

lbor

singularity (peculiar state or occurrence)

uniqueness (the quality of being unique)


diglosia

diglosias (plural)
diglossia (alternative)


vulnerabilidade

gl-noun

vulnerabilidade f (plural vulnerabilidades)


trincheira

From Old Galician-Portuguese trincheira (13th century), from Old French trenchier (“to cut”), from Celtic.

sangraras o Cauallo en anbas llas uẽeas das trincheiras et tiralle do sange asaz

1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 85:


segundo plano

segundo plano m (plural segundos planos)

backburner (state of having lower priority)

background (computing: activity not visible to the user)


sensacionalista

sensacionalista m or f by sense (plural sensacionalistas)

sensationalist (one who indulges in sensational behaviour)


bibliógrafo

bibliógrafo m (plural bibliógrafos, feminine bibliógrafa, feminine plural bibliógrafas)

bibliógrafos (plural)
bibliógrafa (feminine)
bibliógrafas (feminine plural)

bibliographer (person who compiles bibliographies)


sombreiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese sombreiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), earlier soombreyro: soombra + -eiro. By surface analysis, sombra (“shadow, shade”) + -eiro. Compare Spanish sombrero.


vergasta

vergastas (plural)
vargasta (alternative)
vergastra (alternative)

Attested since circa 1750. Probably from verga (“rod”), but compare Asturian vardasca.

1886, in O Galiciano, 91, p. 3

"What you need", I reply, "is a good cane down your back; you have always been a dissolute guy, and for having one more day of fun you are taking advantage of this hoax about the end of the world …"

O que a ti che compría, repriquei, era unha boa vragasta polo lombo; sempre foches un perdido, e pra botar un día máis de pándega aporveitaste desa bouba da fin do mundo ...


usureiro

gl-noun

usureiro m (plural usureiros, feminine usureira, feminine plural usureiras)

usureiros (plural)
usureira (feminine)
usureiras (feminine plural)

usurer, loan shark (one who loans money at exorbitant interest rates)


soneca

Don Manoliño pedíu un recanto para botar unha soneca

2012, Víctor Fernández Freixanes, Cabalo de ouros, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN:

Don Manoliño asked for a place where he could take a nap


retranca

(horse tack) crupper (strap looped under a horse’s tail)

Foronse a dormir os tres i o galleguiño rascaba a testa, como buscando unha idea, unha retranca; Iba para o seu chaleque dicindo: — ¿Quén é o que gana a un andalús a mentire?

They three went to sleep, and the Galician was scratching his head, as searching for an idea, a ruse. He was walking telling his vest: "Who's going to defeat an Andalusian at lying?"

que se non vos esqueza que pra un paisano dos de Galicia: nunca hai mal preito que buscando retranca non lle dé xeito

1901, Heraclio Pérez Placer, Contos da veira do lar:

don't forget that for a Galician peasant «there's never a bad lawsuit you can not make good finding a double meaning»

double meaning, double entendre; trick, ruse

allegedly, characteristic sense of humour of the Galician people, based on irony, double entendre and a hint of cynicism


rodela

From Late Latin rotella (“little wheel”). Cognate with Portuguese rodela and Spanish rodilla.

wheel or crown made of cloth or straw which is used as a cushion in between the head and a load

a cushion used to protect the head and neck of oxen when joked

a similarly formed wheel of straw used as weight on top of a haystack, or as a cushion for placing objects on an irregular surface


goldre

From Old Galician-Portuguese coldre, from Latin gōrȳtos (“quiver”).


tolete

Borrowed from French tolet (“rowlock, oarlock; thole”), from Old Norse þollr, from Proto-Germanic *þullaz (“thole”), from Proto-Indo-European *tul-nó- (“bulge, peg”).


cincha

From Old Galician-Portuguese çinlla (attested since the 13th century), from Latin cingula.

Et tãto era o sangue dos mouros que y morrerõ que nadauã os caualos en el ata as çenllas.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 112:

And so much was the blood of the Moors that died there that the horses swam in it till their girths


cincho

[ˈθinʲ.t͡ʃʊ]

[ˈθinʲ.t͡ʃʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese *çinllo (çinlla attested since the 13th century), from Latin cingulum.


codeso

From Old Galician-Portuguese codesso, probably from Vulgar Latin *cutissus, from Latin cytisus, from Ancient Greek κύτισος (kútisos). Or else from a substrate language. Cognate with Portuguese codesso, Spanish codeso.

Para matar a fistolla filla o rratano que he o sirgo da rraposa que see nos codesos, saão, et viño, et ponno en hũa olla Noua et leixao tanto cozer sobre llo fogo que se faça del caruõos, et destes caruões faras poo que deitaras na fistolla, et matalla as.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 101:


breca

Unknown. Perhaps from Arabic قِلَّة البَارَك (qilla(t) al-bārak, “bad luck”).

قِلَّة البَارَك


breca

Unknown. Perhaps from a substrate language.

Pagellus erythrinus
Wikispecies:Pagellus erythrinus


estopa

Attested since 1281. From Latin stuppa (“tow”), from Ancient Greek στύππη (stúppē).

Mando o fiado daſ eſtopaſ que teño debaado a Maria Suarez τ a Tereyga τ Maria Martinz.

I give the tow yarn I have reeled to María Suarez and Tereixa and María Martís"

Et osmarõ de fazer hũa balsa(ma) tamaña que atrauessasse o rrio de parte a parte, et que a enchessem toda de (b)ollas et de tinaias chẽas de fogo greguisco -et dizenllj en arauigo fogo d'algadrã - et rezina et pez et estopas

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 856:

They considered whether to build a raft, long enough to cross the river from side to side, and to fill it with balls and jars filled with Greek fire -which in Arab is called "fire of algadrán"- and resin and tar and tow

debo á muller de Vasco de Fonteelo una meada de liño e á Tereixa Gata quatro maçarocas destopa e a María d'Eygreja tres maçarocas

1519, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 222:

I owe a skein of flax to Vasco de Fontelo's wife, and to Tereixa Gata four spindlefuls of tow and to María da Eigrexa three spindlefuls

O feitizo está nos ollos
dua nena de Padron:
as nenas tamen feitizan
à os cregos da inquisicion.
Garridiñas, nos chegedes
a os que manexan tizós,
que a estopa cabe do fogo
e vos ua tentacion.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos dun escolar gallego:

the charm is in the eyes
of a girl form Padrón:
the girls also charm
the priests of the Inquisition.
Beautiful ladies, don't come near
the ones who handle the brand,
because the tow by the fire
it's too much of a temptation.

algún caído en trelos desa natureza tamén compara co lume á beira das estopas.

1887, Rufino Ribera Losada, O que son os casamentos pola nova:

some who have fallen in these kind of affairs [romantic love] compare them to the fire by the tows

O home é lume e a muller estopa; vén o demo e sopra.

Man is flame, woman is tow; along comes the devil to blow.

tow (coarse fibre obtained as a crossproduct during flax processing)

(nautical) oakum (fibrous caulking material)


turra

Deverbal from turrar (“to wrestle; ram”)

deverbal

«De Nabucodonosore o vello non me lembro nin migalla; mais do seu fillo Nabuquiño me acordo muyto, muyto. ¡Nabuquiño! Era muy escacha pedras. Muytas veces o vim andar no seu cabalo branco por aqueles alqueidons, e outras vezes andar as turras»

c. 1760, Martín Sarmiento, Onomástico etimológico de la lengua gallega:

«Of Nebuchadnezzar the Elder, I don't remember the least thing; but of his son, little Nebuch', I remember much, much. Little Nebuch'! He was such a troublemaker. Many times I saw him riding his white horse about those hills, and other times looking for a fight»


panxoliña

Attested since circa 1750. From Ecclesiastical Latin Pange lingua (“Sing tongue”), from the hymn "Pange Lingua Gloriosi Proelium Certaminis".


hamburgués

gl-noun

hamburgués m (plural hamburgueses, feminine hamburguesa, feminine plural hamburguesas)

hamburgueses (plural)
hamburguesa (feminine)
hamburguesas (feminine plural)
hamburguês (alternative)


esmorgueiro

Goza dunha vida de estudante, de esmorgueiro e de artista ao riscar caricaturas da xente do seu redor.

Miguel Anxo Seixas Seoane, Castelao: entre a dor e a cor in 2006, Carlos Lema, Castelao Pintor, Galaxia, page 8

He enjoys the life of a student, of a carouser and of an artist by sketching caricatures of the people around him.

carouser; party animal; reveller (someone who engages in a noisy or drunken social gathering)


mámoa

From Latin mammula, diminutive of mamma (“breast”). Cognate with Portuguese mamoa and Spanish mambla.

Entre a pista e as penas hai unha mámoa cuberta de vexetación no chamado Veiga de Arcas.

2003, Mercedes Vázquez Saavedra, O Courel, Galaxia, page 45:

Between the path and the rocks there is a megalithic tomb covered by vegetation in the so-called Meadow of Arcas.

barrow; a type of megalithic structure found along Atlantic Europe consisting of a tomb (dolmen) inside a round, artificial hill once coated by a layer of stones


serra de arco

bow saw (a lightweight metal-framed saw in the shape of a bow with a removable coarse wide blade, used for cutting tree trunks)

hacksaw (fine-toothed, frame-mounted saw used to cut metal)


ácido graxo

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) fatty acid (type of acid found in oils and fats)


acivro

acivros (plural)
acevo (alternative)
cevro (alternative)
azivro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese *azevo, from Vulgar Latin *acifolium, from Latin aquifolium.

holly (any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex)


aceviño

aceviños (plural)
azevinho (alternative)


currada

From curral + -ada: cognate with Spanish corralada.

an enclosed yard by or in front of the house; corral


estorbada

From estrobo (“strap”) + -ada, from Late Latin strupus, from struppus (“strap”), from Ancient Greek στρόφος (stróphos, “thong”), from στρέφω (stréphō, “to twist”).

der

hindrance (an object used to prevent pigs to access or pass through enclosures)

pole carried by two men to bear several cargo pieces at the same time


trapeira

Vaixaba ós calzos Xacobo
na trapeira dun sobrado

c. 1840, Florencio Pol, Baixaba os calzós Xacobo:

Was lowering his pants Xacobo
at the dormer-window of a loft


terratenente

gl-noun

terratenente m or f by sense (plural terratenentes)


tallada

eu quero mal à esta jente / einos de por en talladas / esfarelandoll'os cascos / do corpo sacarll'as almas

1671, Gabriel Feijoo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

I wish ill these people / I'll make slices of them / crushing them helms / from them bodies I'll take out them souls


revanchismo

(chiefly politics) vindictiveness (a policy or tendency of seeking revenge)


azafranada

azafranadas (plural)
açafranada (alternative)


boqueadas

Anque España xa toda está rendida, e casi tod'as prazas xa tomadas, e a libertá perdida na Cruña vai a dar as boqueadas; non pode consentir, o honor llo adita, que o máis fero inimigo sin ver sangre profane a gran ciudá de María Pita.

The whole of Spain has surrendered, almost every stronghold taken, the lost freedom is going to take her last breath in A Coruña; but he cannot consent, honour dictates it, that the fiercest enemy profanes the great city of María Pita without the sight of blood

last breath; agonal breathing; death rattle


bogada

Attested since circa 1750. Probably borrowed from Occitan (Gascon) bugada; ultimately from a Germanic language.


estacada

From estacar + -ada, "made with stakes".

weir (a fence placed across a river to catch fish)


transfobia

A transfobia en Estados Unidos é moi forte nalgúns movementos cristianos.

Transphobia in the United States is very strong in some Christian movements.


acerbidade

Learned borrowing from Latin acerbitātem.

lbor

acerbity (harshness, bitterness or severity)


forjador

forjadores (plural)
forjadora (feminine)
forjadoras (feminine plural)


baiuca

From Spanish bayuca, whose ultimate origin is unknown.

unk

unknown


inconveniência

reintegrationist spelling of inconveniencia


mediocridade

mediocrity (condition of being mediocre)


folgo

14th century. Back-formation from folgar, from Latin follicare (“to blow, breathe”). Cognate with Portuguese fôlego.

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 288

And she passed out in such a way that, neither much nor little, she didn't sigh or expel breath

Et esmoresçeu en tal maneyra que pouco nẽ moyto nõ suspiraua nẽ saya d'ela folgo.

Non sei qué xuncras traguía na moleira o Seor Pedro, que o vin no outro onte carreirando, como un neno, e axuntando aos seus veciños, pra que onde ao seu palleiro fosen axiña a agoardá-lo; Eu non sei si un formigueiro de vermes lle boligaban entre os miolos dos sesos, pois semellaba a un doente, pro casi arrincando os pelos de debaixo da monteira, sin ton, nin son, e sin xeito; Eu non sei qué lle proía, eu non sei, si tiña o demo; porque os folgos eran fogos e os ollos dous candeeiros, e a cara toda prigada, amostrando os seus chavellos coa boca de un palmo aberta, babexado o fuciñeiro, parecía un estraloxe, un estraloxe de un vello

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferrocarril Compostelano:

I don't know what damned thing was bringing in his head Mr. Pedro, whom I saw the day before yesterday running around, as a kid, and gathering his neighbours asking them to come swiftly to his barn and wait for him; I don't know if a colony of worms was scampering around the center of his brains, because he looked as a madman, almost pulling out the hair from under the hat, without rhyme of reason, and without care; I don't know what was itching him, I don't know if he was possessed by a demon; because his breath was fire and the eyes two lamps, and the face all folded, showing his fangs with mouth open wide, the snout drooling, he looked as a ravel, an old man's ravel

Vai ti, que eu xa non teño folgos para seguir!

You go! I have no stamina left to keep going!

O gato ten sete folgos


verea

From local Medieval Latin vereda (“main road”), perhaps from Vulgar Latin verēdus (“light breed of horse”), from Gaulish *werēdos, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *uɸoreidos (compare Welsh gorwydd (“horse”)). Cognate with Portuguese Breia and Spanish vereda (“path”).

der

Item uos vendo demays os tallos anbos que jazen enna agra de cortinas et os quaes entestan enna uerea que uay de Restande para a eglleia
Item, I sell to you both fields that are in the [farm named] Agra de Cotiñas, which border with the path which goes from Restande to the church

1343, Manuel Lucas Alvarez & María José Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 177


revelador

From Latin revelator. Equivalent to revelar + -dor.

developer (liquid used in chemical film processing)


singapuriano

gl-noun

singapuriano m (plural singapurianos, feminine singapuriana, feminine plural singapurianas)

singapurianos (plural)
singapuriana (feminine)
singapurianas (feminine plural)


sendeiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese sendeiro, from Early Medieval Latin sēmitārius, derived from Latin sēmita. Compare Portuguese sendeiro, Spanish sendero.


testeira

Attested since the 13th century. From testa (“front”) + -eira.

Item mays o pardinneiro que esta enna testeira da vinna onde esta a figueira bordiando et outro meo pardinneiro que esta na testeira [da] dita vinna con a carvalla que esta iunto con o dito meo pardinneiro.

1447, M. del Carmen Sánchez Carrera, editor, El Bajo Miño en el siglo XV. El espacio y los hombres, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 327:

Item, the ruins that are on the side of the vineyard where there is a bordering fig tree, and another half of a ruined building that is on the side of the aforementioned vineyard with the old oak tree that is next to this ruin.


tradicionalista

tradicionalista m or f by sense (plural tradicionalistas)


xamanismo

shamanism (any of several traditional beliefs involving altered states of consciousness)


goteira

From gota (“drop”) + -eira. Comparte Portuguese goteira, Spanish gotera, English gutter.


xornalista

xornalista m or f by sense (plural xornalistas)


zoca

Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.

The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the flax, for the year's cloth.


cenrada

Attested since the 15th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Vulgar Latin *cinerata, from cinis. Compare Spanish cernada and Italian cenerata.

primeiramente pararas o Cauallo en lugar caente et caenta enno fogo pedras, et lançaas so o uentre do Cauallo, et Cubri o Cauallo de hũa cuberta de llãa, et llança sobre aquellas pedras agooa caente tanto que as faças fumegar en gisa que se uolua o Cauallo en suuor todo. Et depois çinllalle aquella cuberta, et este asesegado naqel lugar ataa que se cunsuma toda a suur del, et depois desto esfregalle os nerueos et as coixas ameude con azeite ou con manteiga, depois faze çenrrada de çinza das pallas do trigo et das allas pallas et das maluas, todo qeimado desuũo, et desta çernada caente qual a poder sofrer feiranlle as coixas et os neruos e non no mouer daquel lugar caente, et vusenlle destas cousas ataa que torne a seu estado.

first, you shall take the horse to a hot place, and heat on the fire some stones, and put them under the horse's belly, and cover the horse with a wool coverture, and pour over that stones hot water so that they steam in order that the horse covers in sweat. Then girth that coverture to the horse, and let he be in calm at that place till his sweat dries; and after this rub his tendons and thighs often with oil or butter, and after this make a lye with ashes of wheat straws and other straws and mallows, everything burnt together, and with this lye, as hot as he can take it, wash the tendons and thighs, and don't move him of that hot place, and use these things till he gets back to normal


tortillas españolas

tortilla española
tortilla española#Galician


sistemas operativos

sistema operativo
sistema operativo#Galician


callao

From Proto-Celtic *kalyāwo- (“stone”), either from a local Celtic substrate or a borrowing from Old French or Old Occitan. Compare French caillou. Celtic cognates include Irish gallán (“standing stone”) and Gaulish *gallos, the source of Old French gal (“small pebble”).

bateu n-unha corredoira en forma de embudo, ancha na entrada, estreita no cabo, no cal a cerraba un valo de terra e callaus

1905, Antonio López Ferreiro, O niño de pombas, page 5:

he ended in a funnelled sunken lane, wide in the entrance, narrow in the other extreme where it was closed by a wall made of earth and stones


códigos de barras

código de barras
código de barras#Galician


cámara lenta

slow motion (a technique of film, photography and video to stretch time and allow visibility of things normally happening too fast to be conveniently examined)

Unha cámara lenta costa 500 euros.

slow motion camera (the device, machine)


baraza

barazas (plural)
baraça (alternative)
braza (alternative)

Unknown. From Old Galician-Portuguese baraça, probably from a substrate language or either a derivative from Latin vara. Unlikely from Arabic, given the absence of the article, as usual in older Arabic loanwords. Compare Portuguese baraço.

hua carta escripta en purgameo de coyro signado do signal de Roy Gonçálvez notario e coengo que foy d'Ourense et seelada de çinquo seelos pendentes en baraças de linno pretas, dos quaes huun seelo delles o mayor era do dito sennor obispo et estaba dentro en él figurada hua figura de bispo con hua figura de bagoo na mao en çera branca e verde, et eno segundo seelo estava en él hua figura dagya en çera amarella que paresçía seer do dito cabidoo da iglesia dOurense, et o tereyro seelo en çera branca e verde et paresçía seer da audençia do dito sennor obispo et estava defigurado en él hua figura de escudo con hua figura de león, et o quarto seelo era do abbade do dito moesteyro et estava en él defigurado hua figura do abbade con hua figura de bagoo na mao, et o quinto seelo era en çera branca et dentro en él hua figura de pineiro

1376, E. Duro Peña (ed.), El Monasterio de San Esteban de Ribas de Sil. Ourense: Instituto "Padre Feijóo", page 323

a charter written in parchment, signed with the sign of Roi González, late notary and canon of Ourense, and sealed with five seals hanging from black linen twines; of these, one of these seals, the largest, was that of our lord the bishop and inside it was represented a figure of a bishop with the figure of a crosier in hand, in white and green wax; and in the second seal there was represented a figure of an eagle in yellow wax, and seemed to be that of the mentioned chapter of the cathedral church of Ourense; and the third seal was of white and green wax and seemed to be that of the justice tribunal of the bishop and in it it was represented a figure of a shield with a figure of a lion; and the fourth seal was that of the abbot of the mentioned monastery and in it it was represented a figure of the abbot with a figure of a crosier in hand; and the fifth seal was made in white wax and inside it a figure of a pine tree

mando aa mina sobrina, filla de Ruy Conde, que mora con Constansa Eanes, hunos çerçelos de coraes et a bolsa que se con elles et huna baraça.

1403, M. M. Graña Cid, editor, Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500): Estudios Mindonienses, page 237:

I bequeath my niece, daughter of Roi Conde, who lives with Constanza Eanes, some coral earrings and the bag that is together with them, and a sash


acoro

fatigue; suffocation; affliction; anguish


adaptabilidade

adaptabilidade f (plural adaptabilidades)


trela

trelas (plural)
trena (alternative)
trenla (alternative)
trenlla (alternative)

From Vulgar Latin *tragella or *tragenella, from trahō (“I bring”): compare tralla (“rope; whip”), from Latin trāgula. Compare also Portuguese trena and Spanish trena.

wooden ring tied to the extreme of a string, used for fastening it

swing (a line, cord, or other thing suspended and hanging loose, upon which anything may swing; children's game)

E logo ese caliveira de ese soldado que a rifa foi o que armou na taberna e na trenla estar debía agora

1858, Juan Manuel Pintos, Contos da aldea que parecen historias da vila e historias da vila que parecen contos da aldea, Vigo: El Album del Miño, page 224:

And then again, this party animal, this soldier who started the brawl at the tavern and who now should be in jail


argueiro

argueiros (plural)
algueiro (alternative)
argoeiro (alternative)
argüeiro (alternative)
arguieiro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese argueiro, from a substrate language, perhaps Celtic (compare argana). Cognate with Old Spanish arguero.

Ve o algueiro en ollo alleo e non o ve no seu

He sees the mote in his brother's eye, but not the one in his own eye


biqueira

14th century. From bico (“beak, snout”) + -eira.

spout (lid or tube through which liquid is poured or discharged)


cambota

angled beam used in the construction of the roof of the hórreo


capelo

From Old Galician-Portuguese capelo, from Early Medieval Latin cappellus (“hat”), diminutive from Late Latin cappa. Compare chapeu, which came through French.

Umbilicus rupestris
Umbilicus rupestris#Translingual

(botany) navelwort, pennywort (Umbilicus rupestris)

mando a Ares d'Alcantara o meu perponto, o meu lorigon, a ma gorgeyra τ cen mr. da guerra en dineyros polo que deleſ oue τ o meu capelo do fferro

1290, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 138

I left Ares d'Alcántara my padded jerkin, my mail, my gorget, a hundred maravedis of war for what I had of them, and my iron helmet


carranca

Unknown. Related to Spanish carlanca, both perhaps from Late Latin carcannum (“collar”).


bácoro

bácoro m (plural bácoros, feminine bácora, feminine plural bácoras)

bácoros (plural)
bácora (feminine)
bácoras (feminine plural)
bácaro (alternative)
bacro (alternative)

Unknown. Attested since the 13th century. Probably from a pre-Latin substrate language, whence also Catalan bacó, Old French bacon (and English bacon). Cognate with Portuguese bácoro.

A Eluira, I moyo de pan do nouo, de qual ouueren, e I bacoro

1301, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 52:

To Elvira, one modius of grain of the new harvest, whatever species they happen to have there, and one piglet


credulidade

[kɾɛ.ð̞u.liˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]


cúter

utility knife, box cutter, Stanley knife (tool used to cut)


ensaísta

ensaísta m or f by sense (plural ensaístas)


fodedor

fodedor m (plural fodedores, feminine fodedora, feminine plural fodedoras)

fodedores (plural)
fodedora (feminine)
fodedoras (feminine plural)

(vulgar) fucker, shagger (one who fucks)


liteira

In the sense given below, seemingly borrowed from Catalan llitera or French litière, both from Late Latin lectuāria (“bedding”). Compare the synonymous Spanish litera, also borrowed from Gallo-Romance.
There also existed, however, a liteira (“bedding”) in thirteenth-century Old Galician-Portuguese, which might represent a direct inheritance of the Late Latin lectuāria.

E se eu fora sua Ama,
que de regalos comera
e mais avia d'andar
metida nunha Liteyra.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

If I was her milkmaid
so many delicatessens I would eat
and I would go around
inside a litter

litter (platform mounted on two shafts, used for the human-powered transportation of people)


meimendro

meimendros (plural)
moimendro (alternative)

From Hispanic Late Latin milimindrum (7th century, Isidore of Seville), from Paleo-Hispanic, probably from a Celtic composite.

Hyoscyamus niger
Hyoscyamus niger#Translingual


metalinguagem

reintegrationist spelling of metalinguaxe


pedrada

From Old Galician-Portuguese pedrada (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from pedra (“stone”) + -ada.

que seyron do dito castello os ditos tres omens e aderençaran a él por lo matar, dentro na dita vyña, e hun deles le puxara hua seta por lo matar, e quando vyra a balesta armada, que fogira por la vyña e foron pus él por llo matar, et de feyto o mataran con a dita seeta, senón Deus que o quyso gardar, e como le remesaran a dita seta, que le remesaran hua pedra e que le deran con ela ena caueça, a qual firyda logo él mostrou ó dito procurador, e como le puxaran a dita seta, e le deran a dita pedrada

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 337:

that said three men left the castle and came towards him for killing him, inside that vineyard, and one of them took an arrow, and when he saw the crossbow armed he ran away, but they came after him for killing him, and actually they would have killed him with that arrow if not because God wanted to protect him, and as they threw that arrow, they also threw a stone which hit him in the head, and said wound he later showed to the procurer, and how they threw that arrow and hit said blow with a stone


posterioridade

posterioridade f (plural posterioridades)


presciência

reintegrationist spelling of presciencia


chicharro

18th century. Unknown; perhaps a borrowing from French chinchard. Cf. the synonym chincho.


cono de violación

cono de violación m (plural conos de violación)

Presenta unha cámara megalítica cun cono de violación moi marcado, enteiramente cuberto de bouza.

2003, Brigantium, volume 14, O Museo, page 31:

It has a megalithic chamber with a very marked violation cone, entirely covered by heaths.

(archaeology) a hole opened by grave robbers on burial mounds; a pothole (hole opened by grave robbers)


meiga chuchona

meiga chuchona f (plural meigas chuchonas)

Meiga (“witch”) + chuchona (“sucker”): "Sucker witch".

Faltan para completar o elenco os trasgos ou trasnos domésticos nocturnos e argallantes, o cuélebre ou cobra con ás (que custodia tesouros e vive en covas, bosques e fontes, bardante da vellez en que ise dirixe ao mar), a guaxa ou meiga chuchona, as bruxas e os malignos nubeiros, controladores da chuvia, vento e tronos.
To finish the cast we need the trasgos or the nocturnal and mischievous domestic trasnos, the cuélebre or winged snake (who guards treasures and lives in caves, woods and springs, except when it becomes old and moves to the sea), the guaxa or sucking witch, the witches and evil clouders, controllers of the rain, wind and thunder.

Esperanza Mariño Davila, Un fillo bastardo de O divino sainete: o poema asturiano El Cuinto la Xana (1895) in 2001, Xesús Alonso Montero, Henrique Monteagudo, Begona Tajes Marcote, Actas do I congreso internacional “Curros Enríquez e o seu tempo”, volume 2, Consello da Cultura Galega, page 351

Un relato de Sergude dános conta como unha meiga chuchona que zuga polas noites, convertida en mosca, o sangue dunha meniña, morre no seu leito, lonxe de alí, ao mataren os pais da crianza o insecto

1998, Víctor Vaqueiro, Guía da Galiza máxica, mítica e lendaria, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN, page 95:

A legend from Sergude tells how a meiga chuchona that used to suck at night the blood of a young girl, under the form of a fly, died afar in her bed when the child's fathers killed the insect

(Galician, Asturian and Leonese folklore) a witch who sucks people’s blood at night, usually adopting the form of an animal or blowfly


anorexia nerviosa

anorexia nervosa (disorder characterised by self-starvation)


claustrofóbico

claustrofóbico m (plural claustrofóbicos, feminine claustrofóbica, feminine plural claustrofóbicas)

claustrofóbicos (plural)
claustrofóbica (feminine)
claustrofóbicas (feminine plural)


congro

congros (plural)
congrio (alternative)
crongo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese congro (first attested in the 13th century), from Latin conger, from Ancient Greek γόγγρος (góngros).

inh+

conger, conger eel (any of several scaleless marine eels, of the genus Conger, found in coastal waters)


urdume

From urdir + -ume. Compare Portuguese urdume, Spanish urdimbre.


talude

Borrowed from Spanish talud, from French talus, possibly from Gaulish *talutum, derived from *talos (“peak”).


touca

Attested in local Medieval Latin documents as tauca, from a substrate pre-Latin language, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).
Cognate with Portuguese touca, Spanish toca, Basque taika.

der

peritoneum, cloth-like tissue which surrounds the guts of animals

una savaa et IIas toucas et una saya d-estanforte

1280, Miguel Romaní Martínez, editor, La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira, Santiago: Tórculo, page 1090:

a bed sheet and two shawls and a robe of [cloth] of Stanford

Item mando a a dita Ynes a mina touca que ten os deytados postiços et que esta en duas peças, et huna das peças ten huna orela con ouro et con sirgo verde
Item, I bequeath said Inés my [nun's] headdress, that have detachable laterals[?] and come in two pieces, and one of them has a trim with gold and green silk

1434, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 358


serra circular

gl-noun

serra circular f (plural serras circulares)

circular saw (a power-saw with a circular cutting blade)


trigal

Attested since the 11th century. From trigo + -al.


melga

Unknown. Perhaps from Latin merga (“two-pronged fork”), because of its two characteristic spines. Cognate with Spanish mielga.

Squalus acanthias
Squalus acanthias#Translingual


melga

Attested since the 15th century. From Vulgar Latin melica, from Latin medica, from Mēdia.

deue o potro comer feo, palla, herua, orio, auea, espelqa, que quer dizer melga, et as qousas semellauelles a esto

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, page 61:

the foal must eat hay, straw, grass, barley, oats, spelt, that is melga, and things such like these


engurra

wrinkle (furrow, ridge, or crease in a smooth surface)


compango

From Latin con- (“with”) + pānis (“bread”) + -icum.

meats, fish, bacon, sausages, which were usually eaten with bread as a second course, frequently after being cooked with a stew or a soup (first course)


carraca

Unknown. Attested, in Galician, since the 14th century. Compare French caraque, Italian caracca.


forqueta

forquetas (plural)
furqueta (alternative)

Attested since the 15th century. From forca (“pitchfork”) + -eta.

1427, M. Mar Graña Cid (ed.), Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500). Separata de Estudios Mindonienses, page 308

And we shall give to you, for said vineyard, two hundred strings and a hundred vines and twelve pairs and one of white coinage for a hundred stakes for repairment of it

Et auemos uos a dar para la dita vinna duzentos linoos et çen pees de vinna et dose par et hun de brancas para hun çento de forquetas para reparamento dela


escuma

Probably blend of Latin spūma and a Germanic skum, from Proto-Germanic *skūmaz. Compare Catalan escuma, French écume.

Et el deytaua da boca hũa escuma que semellaua chama, et o sseu bafo semellaua que queymaua o ayro.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica Troiana:

He ejected from his mouth a foam that looked as a flame, and his breath appeared to burn the air


escarpa

tree bark, most notably when old and thick


baralla

13th century. From Hispanic Medieval Latin baralia (“dispute, discussion, quarrel, litigation”) and baraliare (“to plead, to sue”), of unknown origin. Given its presence in local toponimy in composition with the element -bre (from Proto-Celtic *brixs, "fort; hill") it probably proceeds from Paleo-Hispanic.

unk

unknown origin

Con xente que non coñezas non gastes moita baralla; porque, se a gastas, dirá que algo de xuízo che marra

With strangers don't be too verbose, because, if you do, they'll think that you lack some good judgement

começauã ja avíj́r entre elles contẽdas et barallas [sobrelas] herdades et gãados que criauã

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 53:

there was beginning to be contentions and conflicts between them because of the properties and cattle that they bred


albarda

[ɑlˈβ̞aɾ.ð̞ɐ]

From Arabic بَرْدَعَة (bardaʕa, “packsaddle”).

der

foran en tomar aos mercadores e tauerneiros d'Arçúa et das Duas Casas viinte e hun roçín d'albardas con senos aparellos

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 357:

they went and took from the merchants and innkeepers of Arzúa and Dúas Casas twenty-one packsaddle nags with their respective tacks


arraiano

gl-noun

arraiano m (plural arraianos, feminine arraiana, feminine plural arraianas)

arraianos (plural)
arraiana (feminine)
arraianas (feminine plural)


provizo

Attested since 1370. Perhaps from Latin provisus (“foreseen”)

(Iberian folklore, mythology, fantasy) goblin, imp


apupo

Attested since 1370. Back-formation from apupar.

Et fáçome marauillado onde seýo tal rrecado et tal siso et tal paráuoa, et por quanto quirría oýr tanger õme enpús de ssy cornos et braados et gritos et apupos et asouj́os leuantados

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 503:

And I am wondering where such message and though and word came from, and why would a man want to hear horns playing and shouting and screams and boos and hisses at him


arroio

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Paleo-Hispanic (documented by Pliny as arrugia). Cognate with Portuguese arroio and Spanish arroyo.

diz Preçiam ẽno começo do seu Libro mayor queos gregos som fontes dos saberes et os latinos arroyos que manã daquelas fontes

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 262:

Precianus says at the beginning of his main book that the Greeks are the source of all knowledges and the Romans the stream that flow from that springs


avoengo

From avó (“grandparent”) + -engo (“-ing”). Compare Portuguese avoengo, Spanish abolengo.

hereditary property; a property that has been inherited


almalho

almalhos (plural)
almalha (feminine)
almalhas (feminine plural)


tenreiro

Attested since 1150 inside local Latin documents. From tenro (“tender”) + -eiro. Compare Spanish ternero.


florín

Attested since the 14th century. From Old French florin, from Old Italian fiorino, initially the currency of Florence later copied by Aragon and many other European states and authorities

quatrocentos floriis douro de Florença

1357, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Transcrición íntegra dos documentos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 170:

four hundred florins of gold of Florence


nominalización

nominalización f (plural nominalizacións)


quincalla

quincallas (plural)
quincalha (alternative)
quingalla (alternative)

Attested since the 19th century. Ultimately from French quincaille, from clincaille, onomatopoeic.


industrialización

industrialización f (plural industrializacións)

industrializacións (plural)
industrializaçom (alternative)
industrialização (alternative)


colectivización

colectivización f (plural colectivizacións)


devastación

devastacións (plural)
devastaçom (alternative)
devastação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin dēvāstātiō.


electrificación

gl-noun

electrificación f (plural electrificacións)

electrificacións (plural)
electrificaçom (alternative)
eletrificaçom (alternative)
eletrificação (alternative)


hospitalización

hospitalización f (plural hospitalizacións)


promulgación

promulgacións (plural)
promulgaçom (alternative)
promulgação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin prōmulgātiōnem.


billardo

Attested since 1418. From Old French billard (“rod, staff”), diminutive of Old French bille (“log, tree trunk”), probably ultimately from Proto-Celtic *belyos (“tree”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”). Doublet of billar and billarda.

der

Iten, billardos oyto a dineiro.

1418, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 94

Item, faggots [sticks?], a coin for each eight


revitalización

gl-noun

revitalización f (plural revitalizacións)

revitalizacións (plural)
revitalizaçom (alternative)
revitalização (alternative)


chamizo

→ Spanish: chamizo
→ English: chamiso

From chama (“flame”) + -izo. Compare Portuguese chamiço.

dry or partially burnt twig used as firewood; brand


machada

Unclear. Perhaps from Latin marculus (“hammer”). Compare sacho.

unk

Unclear

Ano Domini millessimo CCCC XXX VII, a XI dias de jullyo, Domingo Fernandes, pregoeiro, feso venda et remataçón de tres legóos et hua machada

1437, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 295:

AD 1437, July 11, Domingo Fernández, crier, sold and auctioned three hoes and an axe


automoción

automotive science, automotive engineering


broza

Obscure. Perhaps from a Proto-Celtic collective *wroikyā, from *wroikos (“heather”).

Obscure


torresmo

torresmos (plural)
torremo (alternative)
torrermo (alternative)
torrezmo (alternative)
torrezo (alternative)

Attested since circa 1750. From Spanish torrezno.


farruco

From Farruco, a hypocoristic of Francisco.

tomeiche o camiño de Neira de Rei para dar cos meus fillos, mais acheiche cinco mil farrucos que estaban alí acampados

1810, José Fernández y Neira, Proezas de Galicia:

I took the road to Neira de Rei to find my sons, by I was met by five thousand Frenchies who were camping there


infindo

From Old Galician-Portuguese *enfĩido, from Latin īnfīnītus.


retransmisión

broadcast, broadcasting (of radio, television, etc)


domá

From Old Galician-Portuguese domaa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin hebdomada.

mandamos que enna friigesía que ouuer XV friigeses ou mays poucos, se non tomaren lobo ou loba ou camada delles, ou non correren cada domaa con elles sen enganno segundo que e de custume des o primeyro sabado de quaresma ata dia de Sam Joham de Juyo, ou non fezeren o ffogio, que pagen X mrs.

1326, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 398:

We order that in the parish that has 15 parishioners or more, if they don't catch a wolf or litter of them, or if they don't raid them each week without trickery, as it is customary, since the first Saturday of Lent till Saint John's day in June, or if they don't build the pit, then they shall pay 10 mrs.


almogávar

From Old Galician-Portuguese almogavar, almograve (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Andalusian Arabic المُغَاوِر (al-muḡā́wir), from Arabic مُغَاوِر (muḡāwir).

der

(historical) rider, marauder, applied mostly to Christian soldiers who realized raids on Muslim territories during the Middle Ages


partitocracia

partitocracias (plural)
partidocracia (alternative)


corresponsable

gl-noun

corresponsable m or f by sense (plural corresponsables)

corresponsables (plural)
corresponsábel (alternative)

co-responsible, someone jointly with somebody else


explotador

explotador m (plural explotadores, feminine explotadora, feminine plural explotadoras)

explotadores (plural)
explotadora (feminine)
explotadoras (feminine plural)


intervencionismo

intervencionismo m (plural intervencionismos)


monologuista

monologuista m or f by sense (plural monologuistas)

monologist, monologuist, stand-up, stand-up comedian


anaerobiose

(microbiology) anaerobiosis (life sustained in the absence of air or oxygen)


esclerose lateral amiotrófica

esclerose lateral amiotrófica f (uncountable)

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

(pathology, neurology) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (chronic, progressive disease characterised by degeneration of the central nervous system)


constitucionalista

constitucionalista m or f by sense (plural constitucionalistas)


sopapo

From so (“under”) + papo (“dewlap, chin”), "underchin".

A cada berro que daba
ibame seando atrás
p[o]r se acaso me encaixaba
un sopapo da sua man:

1807, anonymous author, Primeiro diálogo dos esterqueiros:

For each shout he gave
I was moving back
in case he delivered me
a smack of his hand

Os escoleres quixeron
Compol o diallo d’a zambra
Con paliq’e cortesias
Pro os demos repricaban
Zimbrando sopapos ‘n eles
Coma quen chobe saraiba.

1846, anonymous author, Carta de Cristobo a seu tio Don Alifonso de Santiago:

the sorcerers wanted to
appease the devil of the uproar
with chitchat and courtesies
but the demons replied
delivering smacks on them
as if raining hailstone


secesionista

secesionista m or f by sense (plural secesionistas)


profesionalización

profesionalización f (plural profesionalizacións)


recentralización

recentralización f (plural recentralizacións)

From re- + centralización or recentralizar + -ción.


personalización

personalización f (plural personalizacións)

personalization (act of personalizing something)


reintegración

reintegracións (plural)
reintegraçom (alternative)
reintegração (alternative)


apropiación

apropiacións (plural)
apropiaçom (alternative)
apropriaçom (alternative)
apropriação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin appropriātiōnem.


vestidura

From Old Galician-Portuguese vestidura, from Early Medieval Latin vestītūra.


hagiógrafo

hagiógrafos (plural)
hagiógrafa (feminine)
hagiógrafas (feminine plural)


instrumentalización

gl-noun

instrumentalización f (plural instrumentalizacións)


ciclo de Krebs

ciclo de Krebs m (plural ciclos de Krebs)


cartilla

cartillas (plural)
cartilha (alternative)

[kɑɾˈt̪i.ɟɐ]


fregués

fregués m (plural fregueses, feminine freguesa, feminine plural freguesas)

fregueses (plural)
freguesa (feminine)
freguesas (feminine plural)
feigrés (alternative)
freigués (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese feegres (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin fīl(ius) ecclēsiae (“son of the church”). Cognate with Portuguese freguês and Spanish feligrés.

inh

Don Rodrigo, por la graça de Deus, Bispo de Mendonnedo, aos fiigreses et hommes boos moradores enna parrochia de Santiago de viueyro, saude et bendiçon

1317, E. Cal Pardo, editor, De Viveiro en la Edad Media, Estudios Mindonienses, 7, page 112:

Don Rodrigo, by the Grace of God, bishop of Mondoñedo, to the parishioners and good men who dwell in the parish of Saint James of Viveiro, health and blessing


catadura

From Old Galician-Portuguese catadura (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): catar (“to look”) + -dura.

Rey Calrros auia os cabelos brũus et a façe uermella, et avia o corpo moy bẽ feicto et de boo estado, et a catadura braua

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:

King Charles had brown hair and a reddish face, and his body was very well formed and in good shape, and his looks was fierce

face, countenance, looks, appearance; glance, gaze


prusiano

gl-noun

prusiano m (plural prusianos, feminine prusiana, feminine plural prusianas)

prusianos (plural)
prusiana (feminine)
prusianas (feminine plural)
prussiano (alternative)


emancipación

emancipacións (plural)
emancipaçom (alternative)
emancipação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin ēmancipātiōnem.