caracterización

gl-noun

caracterización f (plural caracterizacións)


confeti

From Italian confetti, plural of confetto (“confection”), reinterpreted as a singular (compare espagueti).

2012 January 1, “Unha tonelada de confeti en Times Square”, in CRTVG:


fragmentación

fragmentacións (plural)
fragmentaçom (alternative)
fragmentação (alternative)


comparador

comparator (any device for comparing a physical property of two objects, or an object with a standard)

comparator (an electronic device that compares two voltages, currents or streams of data)

(computing) comparator (an application or program that compares prices, rates, tariffs of flights, smartphones, cars, etc)


balcanización

balcanizacións (plural)
balcanizaçom (alternative)
balcanização (alternative)


deshumanización

deshumanización f (plural deshumanizacións)


desindustrialización

desindustrialización f (plural desindustrializacións)


nutricionista

nutricionista m or f by sense (plural nutricionistas)


agano

certain venomous bug and sickness which causes to the animals that eat it


légoa

Manda o conçello et os alcalldes, regidores et procuradores desta villa da crunna de parte de noso sennor el Rey et do dito conçello da dita villa et porque asi he ordenança antiga que nehunus çapateiros et outras quasquer personas que non sejan çapateiros et vezinnos et moradores da dita villa et en ela non pagan talla con os outros çapateiros vezjnnos da dita villa que non son confrades dos çapateiros asi como os çapateiros de portal, que non vsen dos ditos ofiçios de çapateria nen vendan çapatos nen botas nen outro calçado de coiro en publico nen ascondido nen los ponnan en tendas nen portaes nen anden a vender por la dita villa et pescaria dela Et desde Palavea et media legoa da villa enderredor a villa saluo se os venderen a engros aos ditos çapateiros que viuen et moran na dita villa ou eles os consentiren vender en seus portaes.

1434, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 609:

the council and mayors, councilmen and agents of this town of A Coruña, on behalf of our lord the King and of this town council, and because so it is an old ordinance; that no shoemaker or whichever other person who is not a shoemaker and neighbour and dweller of the said town and in it they did not pay contributions with the other shoemakers neighbours of the said town and which are not a brother of the guild of the shoemakers, as well as the shoemakers who work at their porches; that they should not use of this office of shoemaking nor should they sell shoes nor boots nor any other leather footwear, nor publicly, nor in hiding, nor should they put them in shops nor porches nor should they go selling them around this town and its fishery [outskirts neighbourhood], nor from Palavea and half a league around this town, except if they sell them in bulk to the said shoemakers that live and dwell in the said town or if they let them sell at their porches


sospeita

From Old Galician-Portuguese sospeita (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), back-formation from sospeitar.

Item en quanto ay algunnas sospeytas e themores entre os ditos Señor Arçobispo e Visconde

1474, José García Oro, editor, Galicia en la Baja Edad Media. Iglesia, señorío y nobleza, Santiago: Bibliófilos Gallegos, page 255:

Item, because there are some suspicions and fears in between said Lord Archbishop and Viscount


hamburguesería

hamburguesería f (plural hamburgueserías)

burger bar, burger restaurant (a restaurant that sells hamburgers)


cascuda

13th century. From casca (“skin, shell”) + -uda.


armila

(architecture) annulet (ring-shaped molding at the top of a column)


beiral

Attested since 1358. From beira (“rim, border”) + -al.

Et damos a vos a dita quarta parte das ditas casas con todos seus sotoos, sobrados, apanaeiras?, portaes et entradas, seydas et agoas veiraes et con todas outras suas perteenças et dreyturas,

1358, C. Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", in Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 433

We give to you this fourth of said houses with all of their ground and upper floors, walls, porches and entryways, exits and waters, eaves and with all of their other belongings and rights


bloqueador

bloqueador m (plural bloqueadores, feminine bloqueadora, feminine plural bloqueadoras)

bloqueadores (plural)
bloqueadora (feminine)
bloqueadoras (feminine plural)

(computing) blocker (something or someone that blocks)


bloqueador

(computing) blocker (an application that stops / impedes unauthorised access to a programme)


docilidade

Learned borrowing from Latin docilitātem.


escrófula

Attested since 1409. Learned borrowing from Latin scrōfula (“little sow”).

aas vezes nace con algũas sobeg[e]dũes de carne ou de landoas que se geeran ontre o coiro e a carne, e son chamadas landoas o[u] [e]scrofulas, que dizen porcas

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 157:

sometimes it grows with some excess of flesh or of glands that are generated in between the skin and the flesh, and they are called glands or scrofulas, which they call porcas

(pathology) scrofula (a form tuberculosis)


familiaridade

Learned borrowing from Latin familiāritātem.


frieira

cold spell; cold weather; sudden drop in temperatures


lavadura

From lavar + -dura, or from a Vulgar Latin *lavatūra, from Latin lavō (“I wash”).

wash water that, because of the rests of aliments it contains, is fed to the pigs

(by extension) soup for feeding the pigs, prepared with greens, potato peels, turnips, bran and leftovers


magnanimidade

Learned borrowing from Latin magnanimitātem.

magnanimity (the quality of being magnanimous)


rebarbadora

angle grinder, disc grinder, side grinder (power tool with a perpendicular abrasive disc)


sensibilización

gl-noun

sensibilización f (plural sensibilizacións)

sensibilizacións (plural)
sensibilaçom (alternative)
sensibilação (alternative)


redistribución

redistribución m (plural redistribucións)

redistribucións (plural)
redistribuição (alternative)


politización

politicization (US), politicisation (UK)


apoteose

From Latin apotheōsis, from Ancient Greek ἀποθέωσις (apothéōsis).


alalá

¡Ai, o alalá, miña santa, cántase cando se chora; chórase cando se canta!

1961, Diccionario enciclopédico gallego-castellano, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN, page 99:

Alas! the alalá, my darling, is sung when crying; it's cried when singing!

[…], un alalá ignorado polo resto dos homes.

2014, Francisco X. Fernández Naval, Maribel Longueira, As crebas: Outro xeito de andar ao mar, Baía Edicións, page 73:

[…] , an alalá ignored by the rest of the men.

Catro vellos mariñeiros
todos metidos nun bote
voga, voga, mariñeiro
vamos pra Viveiro
xa se ve San Roque;
voga, voga, mariñeiro
vamos pra Viveiro
xa se ve San Roque.
Ai, lalelo, ai, lalalelo!
Ai, lalelo, ai, lalalá!
Ai, lalelo, ai, lalalelo!

Catro vellos mariñeiros (traditional song)

(music) a traditional type of chant from Galicia, characterised by the use of meaningless vocalisations at the refrain or chorus


arcediago

[ˌaɾ.θeˈð̞jɑ.ɣ̞ʊ]

[ˌaɾ.θeˈð̞jɑ.ɣ̞ʊ]

[ˌaɾ.θeˈð̞jɑ.ħʊ]

[ˌaɾ.seˈð̞jɑ.ħʊ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese arcediago, borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin archidiāconus. Doublet of arquidiácono.

etymon

archdeacon (administrative official in a diocese)


epidemiólogo

gl-noun

epidemiólogo m (plural epidemiólogos, feminine epidemióloga, feminine plural epidemiólogas)

epidemiólogos (plural)
epidemióloga (feminine)
epidemiólogas (feminine plural)


parideira

From Old Galician-Portuguese parideyra (first attested in 1342). By surface analysis, parir (“to give birth”) + -deira.


portuguesismo

Portuguesism (Portuguese attitudes and culture)

Portuguesism (a word or phrase typical of or derived from Portuguese)


renque

Attested since 1514. Ultimately from Frankish *hring (“ring”), from Proto-Germanic *hringaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krengʰ-.


roupeiro

From roupa (“clothes”) + -eiro. Compare Portuguese roupeiro and Spanish ropero.


reindustrialización

gl-noun

reindustrialización f (plural reindustrializacións)

From re- + industrialización or reindustrializar + -ción.


valado

a ditch, hedge, bank, wall or earthen wall which limits or surrounds a property


articulista

articulista m or f by sense (plural articulistas)


atomización

atomizacións (plural)
atomização (alternative)
atomizaçom (alternative)


arrieiro

arrieiros (plural)
arreeiro (alternative)

Endemal! non falás rouco,
mais eu à tanto desfacho,
(como dixo ô ôutro) a macho
que hè lerdo, arrieiro louco.
Por moito que eu malle, hè pouco;
que a quen do principio aò cabo,
sin fazer caso do crabo,
tàs peras tira meu frade,
conven (xiquera à semade)
que lle zorreguen ô rabo.

c. 1771, anonymous, Rosario Álvarez, Ernesto González, editors, Décima xiringatoria:

Alas! you don't speak rough,
but I, to such impertinence,
as they say, to dumb mule,
mad muleteer.
No matter how much I strike, is not enough;
because to whom, beginning to end,
not paying attention to the nail,
your pears drop, my friar,
it is advisable (at least summarily)
that they whip their tail

(historical) muleteer (a professional who was hired for transporting goods using pack animals or carts)

processionary caterpillar
processionary caterpillar


pedra de toque

pedra de toque f (plural pedras de toque)

touchstone (a stone used to test the quality of precious metals)

(figurative) touchstone (a standard of comparison or evaluation)


caloteiro

caloteiro m (plural caloteiros, feminine caloteira, feminine plural caloteiras)

caloteiros (plural)
caloteira (feminine)
caloteiras (feminine plural)

From calote + -eiro. First attested in 1877.

swindler (person who swindles, cheats or defrauds)


heliporto

Blend of helicóptero + porto, by analogy to aeroporto (“airport”).

(aviation) heliport (surface or facility for the landing of helicopters)


lombriga

lombrigas (plural)
lumbriga (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin lumbricus. Cognate with Portuguese lombriga and Spanish lombriz.

roundworm; giant roundworm; intestinal worm


socialización

socialization (the process of learning how to live in a way acceptable to one's own society, said especially about children)

socialization (the act of interacting with others, of being social)

socialization, nationalization (act of making private assets public)


estigmatización

estigmatización f (plural estigmatizacións)


norde

nordes (plural)
N (alternative)
norte (alternative)

Borrowed from French nord, from Old English norþ, from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą.

(uncountable) north (cardinal direction)

(uncountable) the northern portion of a territory or region

(countable) a northern; a wind blowing from the north


supremacismo

From supremacía + -ismo, a calque of English supremacism.


intervencionista

intervencionista m or f by sense (plural intervencionistas)


insonorización

insonorización f (plural insonorizacións)


serea

Attested circa 1300 (serea). From Old Galician-Portuguese *serẽa, from Late Latin sirēna, from Sīrēn (“siren”), from Ancient Greek Σειρήν (Seirḗn). Cognate with Portuguese sereia and Spanish sirena.

Cõmo Vlixas cõtou a el rrey Ydamenés cõmo escapara dos perígoos das sereas do mar

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 716:

Ulysses told king Ydamenes how he escaped of the dangers of the sirens of the sea

siren, mermaid (mythological woman with a fish's tail)


militarización

militarización f (plural militarizacións)

militarizacións (plural)
militarizaçom (alternative)
militarização (alternative)


cacifo

cacifos (plural)
cachifro (alternative)
cachíforo (alternative)
cacifre (alternative)
cacifro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese cafiz (independently attested in both corpora), from Arabic قَفِيز (qafīz).


céspede

[ˈθɛs̺.pe.ð̞ɪ]

[ˈθɛs̺.pe.ð̞ɪ]


despolitización

despolitización f (plural despolitizacións)

From des- + politización or despolitizar + -ción.


contrarrevolución

contrarrevolución f (plural contrarrevolucións)

contrarrevolucións (plural)
contrarrevoluçom (alternative)
contrarrevolução (alternative)


randas

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


lusco-fusco

lusco-fuscos (plural)
lusque-fusque (alternative)
lusca-fusca (alternative)


sexóloga

female equivalent of sexólogo (“sexologist”)


sexólogo

gl-noun

sexólogo m (plural sexólogos, feminine sexóloga, feminine plural sexólogas)

sexólogos (plural)
sexóloga (feminine)
sexólogas (feminine plural)


disociación

disociacións (plural)
dissociaçom (alternative)
dissociação (alternative)


percusionista

percusionista m or f by sense (plural percusionistas)


nigromante

nigromante m or f by sense (plural nigromantes)

nigromantes (plural)
legrumante (alternative)
lugrumante (alternative)

A semi-learned borrowing, from Latin necromantia.


proteccionista

proteccionista m or f by sense (plural proteccionistas)


europeísta

europeísta m or f by sense (plural europeístas)


negacionismo

negacionismo do Holocausto


confiscación

confiscacións (plural)
confiscaçom (alternative)
confiscação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin confiscatio.


precarización

casualization (the increase of precarious work in the labour market)


estandarización

gl-noun

estandarización f (plural estandarizacións)


mesado

ledge; auxiliary table used as storage area in the kitchen


cuito

From Latin cultus (“the act of cultivating”).


discriminador

discriminador m (plural discriminadores, feminine discriminadora, feminine plural discriminadoras)

discriminadores (plural)
discriminadora (feminine)
discriminadoras (feminine plural)


prol

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese prol, from Late Latin prōde (“profitable, useful”).

inh+

Esta he a auiinca ontre os vigarios e cabido dos canbeadores e os ouriuez que fazen a seu prazer de sy, huus et outros et per suas voontades et serviço de deus et del rrey et onrra da iglesiade Santiago et a seruico do concello et a prol dos da terra

1289, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 113:

This is the settlement in between the vicars and chapter of the [gilds of the money] exchangers and of the goldsmiths, that they do to their own pleasure, both for their own will, in the service of God and king, in honor of the church of Santiago and in the service of the city council and for the profit of the countrymen

logo o dito Gonçal de Cornjço outra vez diso: ¿Ay quen dé máys? Eyla hũa, eyla dúas, eylas tres. Boa prol lle faça

1469, M. C. Barreiro (ed.), A documentación notarial do concello de Noia (ss. XIV-XVI), 52.70

then Gonzal de Cornizo said again: "Does anyone gives more? one, two, three... Shall it gives you a good profit"


cabezudo

cabezudos (plural)
cabeçudo (alternative)

[kɑ.β̞eˈθu.ð̞ʊ]

[kɑ.β̞eˈθu.ð̞ʊ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cabezudo (first attested in 1276). By surface analysis, cabeza (“head”) + -udo.

surf

a traditional mask representing a personage with oversized head


lapón

gl-noun

lapón m (plural lapóns, feminine lapona, feminine plural laponas)

lapóns (plural)
lapona (feminine)
laponas (feminine plural)
lapom (alternative)
lapão (alternative)


categorización

categorización f (plural categorizacións)

categorizacións (plural)
categorizaçom (alternative)
categorização (alternative)


expatriación

expatriacións (plural)
expatriaçom (alternative)
expatriação (alternative)


descontextualización

descontextualización f (plural descontextualizacións)

From descontextualizar + -ción or des + contextualización.


infantilización

infantilización f (plural infantilizacións)

From infantilizar + -ción; cognate with Portuguese infantilização.


sambódromo

sambadrome (exhibition place for samba schools in Brazil)


descarbonización

descarbonización f (plural descarbonizacións)

From descarbonizar + -ción or des + carbonización.


evicción

eviccións (plural)
evicçom (alternative)
evicção (alternative)


evisceración

evisceracións (plural)
evisceraçom (alternative)
evisceração (alternative)

[ɛ.β̞is̺.θɛ.ɾaˈθjoŋ]

[ɛ.β̞is̺.θɛ.ɾaˈθjoŋ]


criminalización

criminalización f (plural criminalizacións)


supremacista

supremacista m or f by sense (plural supremacistas)

From supremacía + -ista, a calque of English supremacist.


islamófobo

islamófobo m (plural islamófobos, feminine islamófoba, feminine plural islamófobas)

islamófobos (plural)
islamófoba (feminine)
islamófobas (feminine plural)


desmilitarización

desmilitarización f (plural desmilitarizacións)


ondulación

ondulacións (plural)
ondulaçom (alternative)
ondulação (alternative)


multipartidismo

multipartidismo m (plural multipartidismos)


zaragata

Attested since 1843. Borrowed from Spanish zaragata. Doublet of cirigaita.

Tantas palabras
è tantas voce’ s’oían
no dèmo d’a zaragata
q’un inferno parecia
cheo de diabros è diabras
por q’as mullères n’a lòita
d’os pelos tamen andaban.

So many words
and so many voices were heard
in this damn uproar
that it seemed a hell
plenty with demons and demonesses
'cause women at the fight
were pulling each other's hair


verdel

Borrowed from Gascon Occitan. Ultimately from Vulgar Latin *verdellus, from viridis (“green”).

Scomber scombrus
Scomber scombrus#Translingual


remoción

remocións (plural)
remoçom (alternative)
remoção (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin remōtiōnem.


partidocracia

partidocracias (plural)
partitocracia (alternative)


bagazo

From baga (“berry”) + -azo. Compare Portuguese bagaço and Spanish bagazo.

pomace, marc (grape pulp and residues after being pressed)


bañeira

Nunca os instale preto da bañeira ou ducha.

Never install them near the bathtub or shower.


incardinación

incardinacións (plural)
incardinaçom (alternative)
incardinação (alternative)


godello

Unknown. Attested since the 19th century. Compare Portuguese gouveio.

a Galician autochthonous white grape variety


revendedor

revendedor m (plural revendedores, feminine revendedora, feminine plural revendedoras)

revendedores (plural)
revendedora (feminine)
revendedoras (feminine plural)


bailador

bailador m (plural bailadores, feminine bailadora, feminine plural bailadoras)

bailadores (plural)
bailadora (feminine)
bailadoras (feminine plural)


zafra

Perhaps from Andalusian Arabic زُبْرَة (zúbra, “anvil”).


bostela

bostelas (plural)
bustela (alternative)
postela (alternative)

Attested since circa 1750. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from *pustella, a diminutive from Latin pustula. Compare Portuguese bostela, Asturian postiella, Spanish postilla.

Non esbardallédes, Compadre; / habedevos de facer de cargo, / eu tiben un armallo á morte, / a Minjota cunha frebe / é os Rapases con bostelas, / mirà vos como podia / sair siquera da casa:

1807, anonymous author, Primeiro diálogo dos esterqueiros:

Don't rant, my friend. Consider that I had a bull just about to day, Mingota with a fever, and the children with pox; you'll tell me how I was supposed to even leave my house


madeiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese madeiro (13th century, cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin materium, from materia. Cognate with Portuguese madeiro and Spanish madero.

Fernán Gonçalues de Lamella se obrigou de dar en nome do conçello de çidade d'Ourense çento táboas et quarenta madeyros en esta maneyra que se sige: las táboas que aja cada hua des pees do dito Fernán Garçía et de la anchura, segundo está aquí asinallada de maao a maao, et an de auer de gordo dous dedos et que sejan dereytas e chaas e boas e merchinas sen furados, et os quarenta madeyros an de seer en esta maneyra que se sige: de ancho como está asinallado de maao en maao et de alto a terçeera maao, et an de auer de longo dose pees ou mays, et destes madeyros ha de auer quatro que an de auer des et oyto pees en longo ou mays, se mays poderen auer, et estes madeyros an de seer de çerno de carballo et as táboas de castaño

1459, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 441:

Fernán Gonzalvez de Lamela committed himself to give, in the name of the city council of Ourense, a hundred boards and forty planks, in this way: each one of the boards must be ten feet, of this Fernán García, in long; and in width as it is here consigned from hand to hand; and they should be two inches in thickness; and they should be straight and level and good without holes. And the forty planks must be made in this way: in width as it is consigned, from hand to hand, in high to the third hand; and they must have twelve feet or more in long; and of these planks four must be eighteen feet or more in long, as long as they can be made; and these planks must be made in oak heartwood, and the boards in chestnut.

com̃o estauam sen sospeyta, chegarõ aos madeyros, et ante que se os cristãos huuyassem a perceber nẽ chegar y, ouuerõ elles atado muy fortes sogas a hũu madeyro et arrincarõno; et foronse asi cõ el a muy gran pressa, dando uozes et allaridos.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 861:

as they [the Christians] were unaware, they [the Moors] arrived to the ships, and before the Christians noticed or came by, they had tied strong ropes to a ship and pulled it out; and they went away hastily with it, shouting and yelling


pastelista

gl-noun

pastelista m or f by sense (plural pastelistas)

(art) pastellist (an artist who works in pastels)


nubeiro

Nube (“cloud”) + -eiro. Compare Asturian nubeiru.

That man, sir Cavalier, is no thief. If he is anything at all, he is a nuveiro - a fellow who rides upon the clouds, and is occasionally whisked away by a gust of wind [...] he is a nuveiro and has sunk more ships than all his brethren in Galicia.

1843, George Henry Borrow, The Bible in Spain; Or the Journeys, Adventures and Imprisonnements of an Englishman, in an Attempt to Circulate the Scriptures in the Peninsula:

Faltan para completar o elenco os trasgos ou trasnos domésticos nocturnos e argallantes, o cuélebre ou cobra con ás (que custodia tesouros e vive en covas, bosques e fontes, bardante da vellez en que ise dirixe ao mar), a guaxa ou meiga chuchona, as bruxas e os malignos nubeiros, controladores da chuvia, vento e tronos.
To finish the cast we need the trasgos or the nocturnal and mischievous domestic trasnos, the cuélebre or winged cobra (who guards treasures and lives in caves, woods and springs, except when it becomes old and moves to the sea), the guaxa or sucking witch, the witches and evil clouders, controllers of the rain, wind and thunder.

Esperanza Mariño Davila, Un fillo bastardo de O divino sainete: o poema asturiano El Cuinto la Xana (1895) in 2001, Xesús Alonso Montero, Henrique Monteagudo, Begona Tajes Marcote, Actas do I congreso internacional “Curros Enríquez e o seu tempo”, volume 2, Consello da Cultura Galega, page 351

(Galician, Asturian and Leonese folklore) an evil creature who is able to start storms and cast lightning


insensibilidade

insensibilidade f (plural insensibilidades)


corgo

Attested in local Medieval Latin documents as corrego, from local Vulgar Latin (documented by Pliny the Elder as corrugus), from a local Indo-European substrate language. Cognate with Portuguese córrego and Spanish cuérrago.


palanquín

From Portuguese palanquim (“Indian litter, litter-bearer”), from Odia ପାଲଙ୍କି (pālaṅki, “litter”), from Sanskrit पल्यङ्क (palyaṅka), variant of पर्यङ्क (paryaṅka, “bed, couch, litter”) of uncertain origin.


palanquín

gl-noun

palanquín m (plural palanquíns, feminine palanquina, feminine plural palanquinas)

palanquíns (plural)
palanquina (feminine)
palanquinas (feminine plural)


torzón

torzóns (plural)
tarazón (alternative)
terzón (alternative)
trozón (alternative)


cirurxián

cirurxián m (plural cirurxiáns, feminine cirurxiá, feminine plural cirurxiás)

cirurxiáns (plural)
cirurxiá (feminine)
cirurxiás (feminine plural)
cirurgiám (alternative)
cirurgião (alternative)

/θiɾuɾˈʃjaŋ/

[θi.ɾuɾˈʃjɑŋ]

/θiɾuɾˈʃjaŋ/

[θi.ɾuɾˈʃjɑŋ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese celorgião (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from *chirurgianus, a Vulgar Latin derivative of Latin chīrurgia (“surgery”), from chīrurgus (“surgeon”), from Ancient Greek χειρουργία (kheirourgía), from χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”). Cognate with Portuguese cirurgião.

inh+

uos Fernan Perez, silurgiam

1327, M. Lucas Alvarez, M. J. Justo Martín, editors, Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 78:


ruzo

Attested since the 14th century (ruçio). Probably from Latin rōscidus. Cognate with Portuguese ruço and Spanish rucio.

Parablennius gattorugine
Wikispecies:Parablennius gattorugine

trompot blenny (Parablennius gattorugine)


arzón

From Old Galician-Portuguese arçon, from Vulgar Latin *arciōnem (“saddlebow”), from arcus. Cognate with Portuguese arção and Spanish arzón.

Et tragiam ante si duzentos caualos armados, os escudos aos arçoes

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 665:

And they brought with them two hundred armed horses, the shields [hanging] from the saddlebows


torradora

From torrar (toast) + -dora, or torrada (toast) + -dora.


euríbor

Acronym of European Interbank Offered Rate.


ferrolán

gl-noun

ferrolán m (plural ferroláns, feminine ferrolá, feminine plural ferrolás)

ferroláns (plural)
ferrolá (feminine)
ferrolás (feminine plural)
ferrolam (alternative)
ferrolão (alternative)

native or inhabitant of Ferrol, Galicia (usually male)


neoiorquino

neoiorquino m (plural neoiorquinos, feminine neoiorquina, feminine plural neoiorquinas)

neoiorquinos (plural)
neoiorquina (feminine)
neoiorquinas (feminine plural)

New Yorker (native or inhabitant of New York) (usually male)


abrótea

abróteas (plural)
abriota (alternative)
abroita (alternative)
abrota (alternative)
abrótega (alternative)
abrótiga (alternative)

[aˈβ̞ɾɔ.t̪e.ɐ]

First attested in 1409. From *abrottena or *abrottina, probably from Latin abrotanum (“wormwood”), from Ancient Greek ἀβρότονον (abrótonon, “wormwood, southernwood”).

der

E Nota que o poo dos collos das abroteas ual mays que todos llos outros, et dos ditos poos deuen vsar nos llugarres neruossos et jntrincados de veas et darterias

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 141:

Take note that the powder of the rhizomes of the asphodels has more value than all the rest, and that these powders should be used in places that are nervous and entangled with veins and arteries

its dry stalk, which was used as a torch


SAI

sistema de alimentación ininterrumpida#Galician

uninterruptible power supply
uninterruptible power supply#English

Initialism of sistema de alimentación ininterrumpida: UPS (uninterruptible power supply)


neoloxismo

From neo- + Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos) "word" + -ismo.


puga

Unknown; perhaps related to Latin pungō (“I prick”) and pūgiō (“dagger”). Cognate with Portuguese pua and Spanish púa.

one of many large nails used to fasten a metal tyre to each one of the wheels of the traditional Galician cart


solla

→ Spanish: solla

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese solla (first attested in 1417), from Latin solea (“sole”). Cognate with Portuguese solha.

inh+

Iten que se venda o pescado en esta maneira: a libra dos sacadores et das sollas et dos bodiõos, dos polvos et das fanequas et das rayas et das langostas et das sibias et das luras a tres dineiros cada libra
Item, they should sell the captured fish in this way: the pound of sacadores [?], of plaices, of Baillon's wrasses, of octopuses, of poutings, of stingrays, of lobsters, of cuttlefish and of squids, three diñeiros each pound

1417, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75

Pleuronectes platessa
Pleuronectes platessa#Translingual

todos vĩjnã armados de sollas et de lorigões et de arcos torquijs

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 660:

all of them came armed with scale armours and cuirasses and Turkish bows

Quando o Cauallo ouver peeira deuen lle allinpar moy ben as huñas so as sollas do fondo do pee

1409, Jose Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 147:

When the horse has an ulcer, they should clean the hoof with great care under the soles at the bottom of the foot

(archaic, anatomy) sole (the bottom or plantar surface of the foot, the paw or the hoof)


sollo

From Latin solium (“seat”) and Latin solum (“floor”).

wooden floor or platform (of a cart, of an hórreo, of an upper floor)


sollo

Perhaps from Latin suculus (“little pig”), from Latin sūs (“pig”).


carteirista

gl-noun

carteirista m or f by sense (plural carteiristas)


emasculación

emasculacións (plural)
emasculaçom (alternative)
emasculação (alternative)


falúa

Ultimately from Arabic فَلُوكَة (falūka).

mal demo do inferno a parar neste lugar, onde, pra andar, sendo inverno, ou no trollo hai que nadar Ou é menester c'algúa bruxa pauto ou trato ter pra qu'enseñe a cencia súa, ou ben, pra ir fóra, poñer en cada pé unha falúa

1861, Atonio Fernández Morales, Ensayos poéticos en dialecto berciano:

Bad demon from hell will come to this place, where, for walking, in the winter, one must swim in the mud; or either it is precise to make some pact with any witch for her to teach her science, or either, for going out, to put a felucca in each foot


navegador web

navegador web m (plural navegadores web)

(computing) browser (software component capable of rendering HTML)


gubia

From Late Latin gulbia, gubia, borrowed from a Celtic language; from Proto-Celtic *gulbā, *gulbīnos (“beak, bill”) (compare Middle Irish gulba (“beak, jaw”), Welsh gylfln (“beak”)), probably of non-Indo-European origin. Cognate with English gouge.


navegador GPS

navegador GPS m (plural navegadores GPS)


sistema de posicionamento global

sistema de posicionamento global m (plural sistemas de posicionamento global)

sistemas de posicionamento global (plural)

Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System

(cartography) Global Positioning System, GPS


zanfona

14th century. Semi-learned borrowing from Latin symphonia, from Ancient Greek συμφωνία (sumphōnía, “symphony”). Cognate with Portuguese sanfona and Spanish zampoña.


becerra

gl-noun

becerra f (plural becerras, masculine becerro, masculine plural becerros)

becerras (plural)
becerro (masculine)
becerros (masculine plural)
bezerra (alternative)


becerra

uncooked unleavened dough inside a piece of bread


hermenéutica

From Ancient Greek ἑρμηνευτική (hermēneutikḗ).

der

(uncountable, theology) hermeneutics (the science of interpretation of texts, especially holy texts)

(countable, philosophy, theology) hermeneutic (a particular system of interpretation)


hermenéuticas

plural of hermenéutica (hermeneutic; particular method of interpretation)


embude

From Late Latin imbūtum, from trāiectōrium imbutum, perhaps through Occitan. Cognate with Spanish embudo.

It. huun embudo de enbasar viño

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Historica, I, 5, page 343:


maruca

Molva macrophthalma
Wikispecies:Molva macrophthalma


legón

legóns (plural)
lighó (alternative)
ligón (alternative)

tres fouçiñas, e dous fouçiños, e hun legon, e hun sacho, e hun escoupere, e hua eyxola grande, e hua serra de mao, e outra eyxola de peto, e tres fouçes, e duas choquas

1474, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 66:

thee sickles, and two small sickles, a hoe, a mattock, a chisel, a large axe, a handsaw, a hatchet, three long sickles, and two cowbells


xulio

From English joule, from English physicist James Prescott Joule.


metro cadrado

gl-noun

metro cadrado m (plural metros cadrados)


decímetro cúbico

decímetro cúbico m (plural decímetros cúbicos)


decímetros cúbicos

decímetro cúbico
decímetro cúbico#Galician


tortilla de patacas

tortilla de patacas f (plural tortillas de patacas)


tortillas de patacas

tortilla de patacas
tortilla de patacas#Galician


efecto bolboreta

efecto bolboreta m (plural efectos bolboreta)


efectos bolboreta

efectos mariposa
efectos mariposa#Galician


europarlamentario

europarlamentario m (plural europarlamentarios, feminine europarlamentaria, feminine plural europarlamentarias)

europarlamentarios (plural)
europarlamentaria (feminine)
europarlamentarias (feminine plural)

(politics) MEP (Member of the European Parliament)


europarlamentaria

europarlamentaria f (plural europarlamentarias)


aeroliña

aeroliñas (plural)
aerolinha (alternative)

Calque of English airline, from aero- + liña.


compañía aérea

compañía aérea f (plural compañías aéreas)

compañías aéreas (plural)
companhia aérea (alternative)


bigornia

bigornias (plural)
bigorna (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin bicornia (“two-horned”). Compare Portuguese bigorna.

Non me veñas Xacinto con liornas / A que eu non lle dou creto, / Que esa labia éche o abouxo das bigornas

1858, Juan Manuel Pintos, Xacinto e Catriña:

Don't come to me with palavers, which I don't give credit; because this glibness of yours is the din of the anvils

Aplysia punctate
Aplysia punctate#English


mancadura

A moreniña fina, xentil, criada na miseria e na porcallada cun pai zapateiro borrachón, unha nai rifona, vendedora de carqueixas no portal, e un fato de irmáns enlarafuzados, sempre cheos de croques e mancaduras do frío e dos cantazos

1932, Otero Pedrayo, Contos do camiño e da rúa, page 66:

The thin, gentle little brunette, grown up in misery and filth with a drunkard father, shoemaker; a grumpy mother, seller of brushwood at the gates; and a bunch of dirty-faced brothers, always covered with bumps and injuries because of the cold and the pebbles


charrúa

From Middle French charrue, from Latin carrūca.


charrúa

From an older *charrũa (“foolish, silly”), from charro (“silly”) + -úa, feminine of -ún.

a traditional character of the entroido (carnival) in Allariz


papafigo

From papar (“to eat”) + figo (“fig”). The name of the sail, already attested in 1433, must derive from the name of the bird.

Oriolus oriolus
Oriolus oriolus#Translingual

hũu estrenque d'esparto novo et hũu estrenque vello d'esparto, et con seu treu que son tres monetas et hũu papafigo et con todos los outros seus aparellos

1433, Ángel Rodríguez González & José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 53

a new rope of esparto, and an old one also of esparto, with its set of sails, composed of three minor sails and a mainsail, with all the additional rigging


lactodensímetro

lactodensímetro m (plural lactodensímetros)


vargo

Documented in local medieval documents as varganum; from Proto-Celtic *wregis (“wall, eclosure”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wreǵ- (“close”). Akin to Middle Irish fraig (“interior wall”), Welsh achwre (“wattled fence, palisade”), Sanskrit व्रज (vrajá, “wattle, fence”).

cog

slab used for dividing the space in the stall or for enclosing a property


vigoréxico

gl-noun

vigoréxico m (plural vigoréxicos, feminine vigoréxica, feminine plural vigoréxicas)

vigoréxicos (plural)
vigoréxica (feminine)
vigoréxicas (feminine plural)


soá

soás (plural)
soán (alternative)
solá (alternative)
solana (alternative)
suá (alternative)
xoá (alternative)

Probably from Latin solana, from solum (“ground”).

Béixame en donde remata a soán!


restrición

restricións (plural)
restriçom (alternative)
restrição (alternative)

Borrowed from Late Latin restrictiōnem, from Latin restringō. Cognate with Spanish restricción and Portuguese restrição.


lembranza

lembranzas (plural)
lembrança (alternative)

First attested in 1289 (lenbrança). From lembrar (“to remember”) + -anza (“-ance”), from Old Galician-Portuguese nembrar, from Latin memorāre (“to remember”).

af

Poucos terán boas lembranzas do ano que se foi, porque escomenzou mal e non poido acabar pior. O inverno foi crúo, a primadeira esmorecida e chuviosa, o vrau abafante, o outono desleigado. Día por día pasáro-no contando os seus traballos e coitas os labregos, agardando pola súa redención os que viven escravos dos caciques d'aldea, pensando na súa terriña os emigrantes que morren lonxe dela, aduanando falcatruadas os que trunfan e medran á conta dos máis

1885, O Tío Marcos da Portela, II, 60, page 1:

Few people will have good memories of last year, because it started badly and couldn't have ended worse: winter was harsh, spring rainy and faint, summer stifling, autumn sloppy. Day after day, the peasant spent their time telling about their troubles and disgraces, waiting for their redemption the ones who live enslaved by the village's richmen, longing their land the emigrants who die far away from her, plotting frauds those who trump and grow at the expense of others.

souvenir (item of sentimental value, to remember an event or location)


anaco

Unknown. Perhaps from a hypothetical Celtic *annos + -akko-, cognate of Latin pannus (“cloth”); in that case, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂n- (“fabric”). Attested since the 15th century.
Cognate with Portuguese naco, Spanish añicos.

bo anaco

a relatively large fragment or quantity; good fragment

hũu anaco de tapete vello

1457, Fernando R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 179:


vaguada

[bɑ.ɣ̞uˈa.ð̞ɐ]

[bɑ.ɣ̞uˈa.ð̞ɐ]


bico do peito

gl-noun

bico do peito m (plural bicos dos peitos)


captura de pantalla

captura de pantalla f (plural capturas de pantalla)


capturas de pantalla

captura de pantalla
captura de pantalla#Galician


secularización

secularización f (plural secularizacións)

secularizacións (plural)
secularizaçom (alternative)
secularização (alternative)


policromía

Ultimately from Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many, much”) + χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”).


alcólico

gl-noun

alcólico m (plural alcólicos, feminine alcólica, feminine plural alcólicas)

alcólicos (plural)
alcólica (feminine)
alcólicas (feminine plural)


salouco

saloucos (plural)
saluco (alternative)
zaluco (alternative)

From the verb saloucar, which was influenced by choricar (cf. the variant form solouzar), or from Vulgar Latin sugglutium, ultimately from Latin singultus.


alérxeno

alérxenos (plural)
alérgeno (alternative)


braco

From Old Occitan brac, bracon, from Proto-Germanic *brakko (“setter”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₂g- (“to smell”). Related to Old High German bracchio.


reinstalación

From reinstalar + -ción or re + instalación.


relento

the air humidity of the night, that forms dew


coñecemento

coñecementos (plural)
conocemento (alternative)

Attested since circa 1350. From coñecer + -mento.


hipergaleguismo

gl-noun

hipergaleguismo m (plural hipergaleguismos)

O autor de Vento mareiro foxe das formas comúns ó castelán co emprego de hipergaleguismos, que ás veces son as únicas formas das diferentes obras, […]

Francisco Fernández Rei, Consideracións sobre a lingua de Na noite estrelecida de Ramón Cabanillas in 1999, Camilo Flores Varela, Xosé Luis Couceiro Pérez, Homenaxe ó profesor Camilo Flores, volume 2, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 312

The author of Vento mareiro does not use the common or Castilian forms by using hypergalicianisms, which sometimes are the only forms in the various works, […]

Un dos elementos máis notábeis daquela norma primitiva era a presenza dos chamados hipergaleguismos, isto é, unha deformación artificial de vocábulos nomeadamente cultos cuxa forma coincidía co español para facerlles «soar máis galego».

2016, Xavier Frías Conde, Notas de sociolingüística e historia da lingua galega, UNED, page 21:

One of the most notable elements of that primitive norm was the presence of so-called hypergalicianisms, that is, an artificial corruption of allegedly refined words whose form coincided with Spanish in order to make them “sound more Galician”.

(lexicology) a Galician word that is formed by adapting a Spanish word incorrectly


foneticista

foneticista m or f by sense (plural foneticistas)


abelleiro

abelleiro m (plural abelleiros, feminine abelleira, feminine plural abelleiras)

abelleiros (plural)
abelleira (feminine)
abelleiras (feminine plural)
abelheiro (alternative)

Merops apiaster
Merops apiaster#Translingual


lista de vixilancia

lista de vixilancia f (plural listas de vixilancia)


listas de vixilancia

lista de vixilancia
lista de vixilancia#Galician


espigo

From espiga, from Latin spīca (“ear of corn”), perhaps influenced by a Germanic tongue, compare English spike.

projecting end of the axle of a traditional cart

a peg or wedge used to fasten the wheel to the axle of a traditional Galician cart


regalía

From Spanish regalía, from Latin regalis (“royal”).


cárcava

cárcavas (plural)
cárcova (alternative)
córcova (alternative)

Unknown. Attested in local documents since the 12th century.

como se departe ençima pelo lavradio et pello souto de Fondeyxo segundo commo foy a çima a carcava do castro

1299, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 1217

as it departs up by the farm field and by the orchard of chestnut trees of Fondeixo, as it goes up till the moat of the hill-fort


homeópata

homeópata m or f by sense (plural homeópatas)


comezo

From Old Galician-Portuguese começo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); back-formation from comezar. Compare Portuguese começo and Spanish comienzo.


gadaña

Probably from Frankish *waiþanjan (“to pasture, forage”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *waiþō (“hunt, pasture, food”). Compare Asturian gadañu, Portuguese gadanha, Spanish guadaña.


mascarón

mascaróns (plural)
mascarom (alternative)
mascarão (alternative)


impo

impos (plural)
empio (alternative)
ipio (alternative)
ipo (alternative)


destrución

destrucións (plural)
destruçom (alternative)
destruiçom (alternative)
destrução (alternative)
destruição (alternative)

destruction (result of a destructive event)


construción

construcións (plural)
construçom (alternative)
construção (alternative)


comestíbel

comestíbeis (plural)
comestível (alternative)


castrapo

Blend of castelán (“Castilian Spanish”) + trapo (“rag”).

blend

(derogatory) Spanish language heavily influenced or mixed with Galician

(derogatory) Galician language heavily influenced or mixed with Spanish


grazas

From the older graças, from Latin gratia, as used in the phrase gratias agere (“to express thanks”).


sobreira

sobreiras (plural)
sobreiro (alternative uncommon)

[s̺oˈβ̞ɾejɾa̝]

From Vulgar Latin *sūberāria, from Latin sūber (“cork oak, cork”) + the suffix -āria. Equivalent to Old Galician-Portuguese sobro (“cork”) + -eira.

Quercus suber
Quercus suber#Translingual


benestar

benestares (plural)
bem-estar (alternative)


groba

Attested as (illa) grova in Medieval Latin local documents. From Suevic or Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌰 (grōba, “dugout, hole, cave”), from Proto-Germanic *grōbō (“cavity, pit”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰróbʰ-, o-grade form of *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, bury”).

der

groove; long and deep depression in the terrain (frequently applied to old Roman open air mines and Iron Age hill-fort ditches)


cualificación

cualificacións (plural)
qualificaçom (alternative)
qualificação (alternative)


eiva

Probably from an earlier *aleiva, cognate with Spanish aleve (“flaw”), from Arabic عَيْب (ʕayb, “disgraceful action”).


censurador

gl-noun

censurador m (plural censuradores, feminine censuradora, feminine plural censuradoras)

censuradores (plural)
censuradora (feminine)
censuradoras (feminine plural)

censor, censurer (one who censures or condemns)


ofimática

information technology
information technology


otomán

otomán m (plural otománs, feminine otomá, feminine plural otomás)

otománs (plural)
otomá (feminine)
otomás (feminine plural)
otomano (alternative)

[ɔ.t̪oˈmɑ̃ŋ]


misoxinia

From Ancient Greek μισογυνία (misogunía).


copia de seguridade

copia de seguridade f (plural copias de seguridade)


nené

See neno. Cognate with Portuguese neném.


canle

From Old Galician-Portuguese cãale, from Latin canalis. Doublet of canal.

A muller do Serafiño
Por unha pinga rabéa,
Quérea de cote a probiña,
E se non bebe, toléa.
Parece un longo varal,
tratándose de viño,
Gorxa tan ancha ela mostra
Com’a canle dun bô muíño.
Pro, se non vai por azumbres,
Logo dí qu’é pouquiniño.

c. 1840, Ramón Varela Vahamonde, Conversa entre os arrieiros:

Serafin's wife
for a drop rages;
she wants it all the time, poor thing,
and if she doesn't drink she goes mad.
She seems a long rod,
but when it is about wine,
she shows a gorge as wide
as the flume of a good mill.
But, if it doesn't come by gallons,
soon she said that it is too little.

(figuratively) something used as a diffusion medium or to connect other things


familiarización

familiarización f (plural familiarizacións)


mantés

Alternative form of mantel (“tablecloth”)


desmonetización

desmonetización f (plural desmonetizacións)

From des- + monetización or desmonetizar + -ción.

demonetization (US), demonetisation (UK)


limeta

Ultimately from Andalusian Arabic لِيمْمَ (līmma), from Persian نیمه (nime, “half”).


mocada

mocadas (plural)
moucoada (alternative Eastern Galician)


sucada

(agriculture) a furrow open with a scythe in the grass


ilegalización

ilegalizacións (plural)
ilegalizaçom (alternative)
ilegalização (alternative)


xerra

Attested since 1432 (jarra). From Arabic جَرَّة (jarra, “earthern receptacle”), cognate with Spanish and Portuguese jarra, Catalan gerra, French jarre, Italian giara and English jar.

bor

o dito Pero Qrun trouxera e metera byno en jarras de sobre mar este dito año despois do tempo acostumado polo dito Conçello que lle fosen logo tornar o tal byno a jarras e lle quebrantasen as ditas jarras e o tirasen o tal byno polo tarreo

1432, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 66

said Pedro Cru has brought wine in jars over the sea to this town this year, beyond the usual time as established by the council; that this wine must be retuned to the jars and said jars must be broken and said wine poured on the ground

jar (an earthenware container with one or more handles for holding water, wine, etc)


automedicación

gl-noun

automedicación f (plural automedicacións)


desinstalación

desinstalación f (plural desinstalacións)

From desinstalar + -ción or des + instalación.


intercambiador de calor

intercambiador de calor m (plural intercambiadores de calor)


tralla

From Latin trāgula, from Proto-Indo-European *tragʰ- (“to draw, drag”).

der

main ropes of some nets: sinker line and float line


balor

From Latin pallor, from palleō (“I am or look pale, blanch”). Cognate with Portuguese bolor.
The derived form balorento is attested since 1264.

mold (woolly or furry growth of tiny fungi)


baldón

From Old Galician-Portuguese baldon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French bandon (“jurisdiction”), a bandon (“at will, freely”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bannaną. Cognate with Spanish baldón.


baldón

Unknown. Cognate with Spanish balda (“shelf”).


memorización

memorizacións (plural)
memorizaçom (alternative)
memorização (alternative)


recitación

recitacións (plural)
recitaçom (alternative)
recitação (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin recitātiōnem.


monopolización

gl-noun

monopolización f (plural monopolizacións)


grallada

gralladas (plural)
gralla (alternative)
grallaxe (alternative)


touta

From Paleo-Hispanic, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂ (“people, nation; heap?”), from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).


bordón

bordóns (plural)
bordom (alternative)
bordão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese bordon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); probably from Old French bourdon (“mullet, staff”), probably from Late Latin burdō (“mule”).


bordón

From Old French bordon (“bumblebee; musical instrument”).

bor

(music) in a musical instrument, its thickest string, which produces the lowest tones


chanfaina

From Latin symphonia, from Ancient Greek συμφωνία (sumphōnía).


anada

Attested since 1474. From ano (“year”) + -ada (“~ful”).

Vaia que este Sol todo hé millo: hemos de ter unha boa anáda, si Dios quér.

1820, anonymous author, Segunda Tertulia da Quintana:

Well, this sun is all corn: we'll have a good harvest, God willing.


balandrán

From Old Galician-Portuguese balandrao, from Old Occitan balandran, from Old Occitan balandrà (“to swing”).


lavanco

lavancos (plural)
alavanco (alternative)

[laˈβ̞ɑŋ.kʊ]

From an older navanco, from nava (“valley”).

Anas platyrhynchos
Anas platyrhynchos#Translingual

Phalacrocorax aristotelis
Phalacrocorax aristotelis#Translingual

(regional) shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis)


ganapán

a fishing hand net or landing net (small net that is equipped with a handle and attached to a rim so that the net forms a pouch)


magosto

magostos (plural)
gamusto (alternative)
umagusto (alternative)

Unknown. Cognate with Portuguese magusto and Asturian amagüestu.

chestnut harvest party, celebrated at the evening, around All Saints' Day or the day of Saint Martin of November


castañeta

18th century, from castañola, from Catalan castanyola, with suffix change. Compare also French castagnole.

(zoology) Atlantic pomfret (Brama brama)


faceira

si houbese quen lle dixêse ó que pasa ¿como habia de consentir cos da Cruña comesen á duas faceiras, é os de Santiago morresen de fame?

1836, anonymous author, Tertulia de Picaños:

if there were someone to tell her what's happening, how would she allow that the people of A Coruña eat with both cheeks whilst the people of Santiago starve?


barreño

barreños (plural)
barrenho (alternative)


mestura

mesturas (plural)
mistura (alternative)
mostura (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese mestura, from Latin mixtūra, mistūra. Cognate with Portuguese mistura.

mixture (various different things put together)


chicharra

Ultimately from Latin cicāda. Compare Spanish chicharra.


sartaña

sartañas (plural)
sartanha (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Late Latin sartāgō, sartāginem (“frying pan”). Cognate with Portuguese sertã and Spanish sartén.

inh

Quen quiser que[i]mar a casa sen sentir, vse sartaña e vse candil (proverb)

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes o proverbios en romance:

He/She who wishes to burn the house without a thought, must use a frying pan and an [oil] lantern


galopín

a child who engages in clever, harmless mischief


brétema

brétemas (plural)
brêtema (alternative)
brétima (alternative)
brétoa (alternative)
brétoma (alternative)

Possibly borrowed from Suevic [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *brāþm (“vapour”). Cognate with German Brodem (“vapor”).


serodio

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese (Medieval Galician) serodeo, from Latin sērōtinus (“late”).

duas tercias de centeo et ha hua de serodeo et hun sesteiro de triigo

1269, Miguel Romaní Martínez, editor, La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira, Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 928:

two thirds of rye and one of late [cereal] and a sixth of wheat


orgo

From Old Galician-Portuguese orgõo (attested since the 14th century), from Latin organum. Doublet of órgano. Cognate with Portuguese órgão. For the development of the ending, compare ravo (from Latin raphanus) and orfo (from Latin orphanus).

Ca ali eram os jograres moytos de moytas maneyras: os hũus cõ vyolas, outros cõ loudes, outros cõ çitolas, outros cõ çinfonyas, outros cõ arpas, outros (cõ) salteyros et orgõos

c. 1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 357

Because there were many musicians in many ways: some of them with violas, another ones with lutes, some others with citterns, others with hurdy-gurdies, others with harps, others with psalteries and organs

en cada corta feira y en cada sabado sen as misas cantadas con los orgoos tangidos

1457, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 649:

each Wednesday and Saturday the masses should be sung while they play the organs


trosma

trosmas (plural)
prosma (alternative)
prosnia (alternative)

From Proto-Celtic *trudsmo- Compare Welsh trwm and Old Irish trom.


chourizo

chourizos (plural)
chouriço (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese souriço. Compare Portuguese chouriço. Spanish chorizo is borrowed either from Galician or Portuguese.

inh+

Nom acharedes em toda Castela / … / melhor ventrulho nem melhor morcela / do que a ama com sa mão faz; / e al faz bem, como diz seu marido: / faz bom souriç'e lava bem transido

before 1251, Fernão Garcia Esgaravunha, Esta ama, cuj'é Joam Coelho

You won't find in all of Castille a better ventrulho [local speciality] nor a better morcela [black pudding] of what this lady elaborates with her hands; and the rest she also does it well, as her husband says, she elaborates good chorizo and she washes the sick

estaban os bufetes cheos de lenguas, chourizos, perniles, codelos; de lacós, cachuchas, fociños de cerdo

1746, Martín Sarmiento, Coloquio de 24 gallegos rústicos:

the buffets abounded with tongues, chourizos, hams, knucles; with shoulders, heads, snouts of pork

chorizo (local cured and spiced sausage)


romaría

From Old Galician-Portuguese romaria (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): Roma (“Rome”) + -aría. Compare Portuguese romaria and Spanish romería.

Mando que den do meu a Pero Pérez, meu fillo, por quanto uay a Santiago por min en romaría

1292, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, Vida e Fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 49:

I order that they give of what is mine to Pero Pérez, my son, because he is going in pilgrimage to Santiago in my name

Heite de levar ás fías / Heite de levar ás feiras / E tamén ás romarías, / Onde ti, meu rulo, queiras / Ruar e tere bos días.

1858, Antonio María de la Iglesia, Poesías:

I'll take you to the [festive] reunions [for working the flax], I'll take you to the street markets, and also to the [church] fairs; wherever you, my dove, would want to go and have fun


guindastre

guindastres (plural)
guindaste (alternative)

First attested in the 15th century. Probably from Old Northern French, from Old Norse vinda (“to wind”) + ass (“pole”), from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind”) + *astaz (“branch”). Cognate with Icelandic vindilass and English windlass.

destes por duas palmelas et dous golfoos et cravos para o gindastes dose moravedis

1418, Ángel Rodríguez González, editor, Libro do Concello de Santiago:

you gave for two hinges and for nails for the windlass 12 coins

o caldeiro é grande e negro, e colga dun guindastre (unha viga que xirando pon o caldeiro sobor do lume)

1973, Xosé Gayoso, Coa nosa xente [With our people], Vigo: Galaxia:

the cauldron is large and black, and it hangs from a windlass (a pole which, upon winding, can set the cauldron over the fire)


faiado

From faiar (“to tile with boards”), from Latin fagus (“beech”).

fixo unha casa nova de sótano e de sobrado co outón de pinche pró Norte que refrescara o faiado

1858, Juan Manuel Pintos, Contos da aldea que parecen historias da vila e historias da vila que parecen contos da aldea:

he built a new house, with ground and upper floor, with the gable facing north for refreshing the attic


outón

From outo + -ón, from Latin altus (“high”).

A qual dita casa se parte por costãa de parede con outra casa de Rui Martiis Touriño da hũa parte, et da outra parte se parte por parede con o eixido et casa que de min comprou Fernan Cerviño et vay entestar por outon de parede aa orta de Ynes Alvares

1433, Ángel Rodríguez (ed.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra, p. 43

this house limits are: by a wall with another house of Roi Martiz Touriño; and by the other side it limits with the exit and house that was bought from me by Fernán Cerviño, and it limits by the gable end with the garden of Inés Álvarez


tillado

From tillar (“to floor with boards”), from Old Norse þilja (“board, plank”). Cognate with French tillac (“upper deck”) and English thill.

o frete que avedes de aver por lo frete da yda et de tornaviajen ata a dita villa de Pontevedra et por calças et sevo et mangueiras et garafetar o tillado por todo caraves quatro mill et quinentos mrs. de moeda bella

1433, Ángel Rodríguez, editor, Minutario notarial de Pontevedra, page 32:

The freight you'll have for the round trip till this town of Pontevedra, and for grease and for other repairing materials and for caulking the deck, amounts to 4,500 old coins


trofa

Cognate of German Traufe (“eaves”), from Proto-Germanic *drupô (“drop”)


mioca

As nasas deitanse no fondo do río [...] Enescanse con miocas ou con anacos de carne.

1962, Xaquín Lorenzo, Etnografía: cultura material, Buenos Aires: Nós, page 421:

they sink the fish traps in the river … these traps are baited with earthworms or small pieces of meat


abeneiro

abeneiros (plural)
ameneiro (alternative)

From Paleo-Hispanic *abenno- (“alder”) + -eiro which forms tree names; from Proto-Celtic *abū (“river”).

Alnus glutinosa
Alnus glutinosa#Translingual


corisco

coriscos (plural)
escorisco (alternative)
curisco (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese corisco ("lightning", 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin coruscus (“flashing”), perhaps influenced by a descendant of Proto-Germanic *skūrō (“storm”).

Et alí cresçerõ toruões et coriscos et rrelánpagos tã grandes et tã brauos et tã desmesurados que semellaua que todo o mũdo quiría peresçer.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 689:

And there grew such large thunders and lightning and flashes so wild and so boundless, that it seemed that the whole world wanted to perish


magueiro

Outrosy con condiçon que ninguna persona non seja ousada de fazer magueyro nin cortello en ninguna rua publica salbo de fora da villa

1496, J. Armas Castro, editor, Pontevedra en los Siglos XII a XV, page 385:

Also, that nobody should build a magueyro or a pigsty in any public street, except outside of town

(dated) installations for the production of oil through the fermentation of fish


orneallo

orneallos (plural)
ornealho (alternative)

From ornear (to trumpet) + -allo, from Proto-Germanic *hurną (“horn”).


orneón

From ornear (to trumpet) + -ón, from Proto-Germanic *hurną (“horn”).


faio

From faia (“beech”), from Latin fagus (“beech”).


meixengra

meixengras (plural)
menxengra (alternative)

[mei̯ˈʃeŋɡɾɐ]

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *maisingaz, from *maisǭ (“titmouse”) + *-ingō (“-ing”). Cognate with Portuguese mejengra, French mésange and Old Norse meisingr (“titmouse”).

Mesmo pareces unha meixengra en día de choiva.

1955, Alfonso Gayoso, Os fidalgos de Rante, Buenos Aires: Edicións Miño, page 47:

You even look as a titmouse in a rainy day

tit, chickadee, titmouse (any of a large number of small tree-dwelling passerine birds)


sistema de alimentación ininterrumpida

gl-noun

sistema de alimentación ininterrumpida m (plural sistemas de alimentación ininterrumpida)

sistemas de alimentación ininterrumpida (plural)

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

uninterruptible power supply
uninterruptible power supply

uninterruptible power source
uninterruptible power source

(electrical engineering) uninterruptible power supply, uninterruptible power source, UPS


sistemas de alimentación ininterrumpida

head

sistemas de alimentación ininterrumpida f pl

sistema de alimentación ininterrumpida#Galician

plural of sistema de alimentación ininterrumpida


sachada

Sachada: barrer el esférico (o no) desde el suelo de forma agresiva.

2021 May 17, Aitor Labrador, “El vocabulario que debes dominar para hablar de fútbol con un gallego”, in La Vanguardia:

(soccer, sports) tackle (a play where a player attempts to take control over the ball from an opponent)


fervenza

fervenzas (plural)
fervença (alternative)

[feɾˈβ̞ɛn̪.θɐ]

[feɾˈβ̞ɛn̪.θɐ]

From Latin ferventia (“boiling”), or ferver + -enza. It's perhaps a calque of Celtic.


carniza

Pelexan os cans pola carniza

Said when several fight fiercely because of money, a position, inheritance, etc.

O Auntamiento enteiro está dormindo... Punto redondo. Siguennos dando carne morrediza (¿Dixenvos carne? Non; évos carniza.) Os buxeos qu'están decote altivos, Dá-na chea de ósos, cara e mala Feita d'encargo pra matar a vivos. O Concexal non fala: ¿Por qué diaños será?

1877, O tío Marcos da Portela, number 27, page 108:

"The whole Town Council is asleep... That's it. We are still fed with decaying meat (Did I say meat? No; that's carrion.) Butchers, always so haughty, give it full of bones, expensive and bad, custom-made for killing the living ones. The Councillor says nothing: Why on earth?"


lámpada

lámpadas (plural)
lâmpada (alternative)
lampa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese lampada (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), borrowed from Late Latin lampada, from Latin lampas, from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “lamp or flambeau”).


compaña

From Old Galician-Portuguese companna, from Vulgar Latin *compānia, from Latin compāniō (whence also French compagnon, Italian compagnone), from cum + pānis, a calque from Gothic. Doublet of compañía. Compare Portuguese companha and Spanish compaña.

na compaña dos meus bos amigos Benito das Vacalouras e Martiño de Zamora, metínme nun deses wagós do camiño de ferro d'Ourense a Vigo, i anque fumos nel como sardiñas en banasta, non tivemos queixa, porque neso da comparanza das sardiñas, nosoutros éramos das cabezudas, i as que levábamos á beira eran das escochadas, frescas e pequerrechiñas e cun sal

1884, O tío Marcos da Portela, volume 2, number 45, page 1:

in the company of my good friends Benito das Vacalouras and Martiño from Zamora, I entered one of those wagons of the railroad from Ourense to Vigo and, even if we travelled packed as sardines, we had no complaint, because on that comparison we were as sardines with head, but those next to us were as headless sardines, fresh and small and salted

Non viche Maruxa, nas noites do inverno, andar a estantiga polos matorreiros, a estantiga digo, que chaman os vellos hostea ou compaña que a todos fai medo

1746, Martín Sarmiento, Coloquio de 24 gallegos rústicos, page 106:

Haven't you see, Maruxa, in the winter nights, the Estantiga passing by the woods? The Estantiga, I say, the one the old ones call the Host or Company, which frightens everyone

(mythology, folklore) the procession of the death, also known as estantiga, the "ancient troop" (a Christianized form of the Wild Hunt); similar to the sluagh and fairy host of the folklore of Ireland and Scotland


pinaza

From Old Galician-Portuguese pinaça (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). From pino (“pine wood”) + -aza (“made of”).

VII. soldos. e entre o que el despendeo eo alugueyro da pinaza eo [car]reiamento dos barríj́s

1242, A. Martínez Salazar, editor, Documentos gallegos de los siglos XIII al XVI, A Coruña: Casa de la Misericordia, page 10:

7 solidi, what was spent in the rent of the pinnace and the loading of the barrels

et disso que despenderan en tres ueces que fora a San Cibrao a pinnorar a balea et a entregala ccc mor. et disso que ennas pinnaças et no trager da balea metera c mor. et quandor foronon o maestreescola et don Pedro Dias a San Cibrao con quinentos ommes et con xxx a caualo por tomar esta balea aos ommes do infante

1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 79:

and he said that he had spent, in three times that he went to San Cibrao to pawn the whale and to deliver it, 300 mor.; and he said that in the pinnaces and in the delivery of the whale he spent 100 mor.; and when the schoolmaster and lord Pedro Dias went to San Cibrao with five hundred peons and 30 mounted men, for seizing the whale from the prince's men


braña

Attested in local Medieval Latin documents, as brania, at least since the 10th century. From a substrate language; perhaps from Proto-Celtic *bragnos (“rotten, faul”), either from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to smell, to have a strong odour”) or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”). Cf. Old Irish brén (“putrid, rotten”) and Welsh braenar (“fallow ground”).

diso que oýra diser a Johán de Njne, fillo de Estéuõo, que Ferrnando de Deyra leua[ra], pouco ha, hũu carro de salgeyros cortados por pee de Brandarís, cabo dos lagos da braña

1459, Fernando Tato, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, page 182:

he said that he heard from Xoán of Nine, son of Estevo, that Fernando of Deira took away, a short time ago, a cart of willows cut down from Brandarís, by the lakes of the marsh

poucos dias abia que alá xsunta à Bacelo biñan sesenta de acabalo, è preguntaronlle á un paysano por donde era ò camiño para Lugo, é él guiounos para donde estaba ùn-a gran braña, co mismo foi chegar à ela espetaronse de tal sorte cos cabalos, que anque traballasen toda ùn-a mañá inda non sey si sahirian

1810, José Fernandez y Neira, Proezas de Galicia:

just some days before, there upon Bacelo, sixty [Napoleonic French] horsemen arrived, and asked a local where the way to Lugo was; and he guided them into a large mire, and as soon as they arrived there the horses got stuck in such a way that even working for a whole morning I don't know if they could have got out of it


engo

Attested since the 15th century. From local Vulgar Latin educus, probably from Hispano-Celtic *ĕdŭcos equivalent to Gaulish odocos (“dwarf elder”) with assumed contamination from Latin ebulum. Cognate of Portuguese engos and of Spanish yezgo (“dwarf elder”).

filla o çumo dos allos et das cebollas et do engu, que semella sebugo

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 143:

Sambucus ebulus
Sambucus ebulus#Translingual


nío

From Latin nīdus (“nest”), from Proto-Italic *nizdos (“nest”), from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”).


gándara

gándaras (plural)
gandra (alternative)
granda (alternative)

13th century. Already attested in local Medieval Latin as gandara and gandera; from Paleo-Hispanic. While some authors have proposed an Iberian origin, this is unlikely, since Iberian was spoken in the Mediterranean coast, and this word is documented mostly in the NW of the Iberian peninsula; related to Alemannic German Gand (“scree”).

et commo se vay pe-lo camino, et pe-lo meo logo da gandara que vos lavrastes

1296, Miguel Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 1189

and as it goes along the path, and as it goes through the middle of the wetland that you ploughed

type of unproductive or little productive wetland, of alluvial origin, rich in gravel and sand


tabardo

From Old Galician-Portuguese tabardo, from Old French tabart, likely ultimately from a Germanic language.

Mando a o capellan da capella de sam fruytoso. os panos que trouxer de cotio cerame et pellote et saya. et o meu tabardo agoadeyro

1348, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 308:

I bequeath to the chaplain of the chapel of Saint Fructuosus my daily clothes, cloak and garment and robe, and my water overcoat


tabardo

Blend of tabán (“gadfly”) + moscardo (“gadfly”).


francada

Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *frankô (“spear”) + the collective Galician suffix -ada. Compare forcada (“pitchfork”), from forca, idem.


lobishome

lobishomes (plural)
lobisomem (alternative)

11th century (nickname "Lubusome" inside a Latin text). From lubus (“wolf”) + home (“man”), perhaps a calque of Germanic: compare Proto-West Germanic *werawulf. Cognate of Portuguese lobisomem.

nowrap

􂀿<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">dead link</i>􂁀

pelos casares do Outeyro e pela fonte do Lubus ome

1279, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 37:

by the houses of Outeiro and by the fountain of the werewolf

Moito eu chorei o domingo a tarde
que veña Lorenzo, que diga a verdade,
que diga a verdade; pero con cautela
túa nai é bruxa, teño medo dela,
teño medo dela porque ela me come,
túa nai é bruxa, tua nai é bruxa,
teu pai lobishome

1946, Antonio Fraguas, “El lobo en las tierras de Cotovad”, in Boletín de la Comisión Provincial de Monumentos Históricos e Artísticos de Ourense, volume XV, pages 129-137:

I cried all Sundays' afternoon
lets Lourenzo come and tell the truth
tell the truth, but with precaution
your mother is a witch, I fear her
I fear hear because she eats me
your mother is a witch, your mother is a witch
your father a werewolf


lobio

Documented in local Medieval Latin lovio, from Suevic *laubjo, from Proto-West Germanic *laubijā (“roof, ceiling, covering”).

der

1746-1755, Martín Sarmiento, Catálogo de voces y frases de la lengua gallega

lobio. In Ribadavia and in other places it means the vine next to a house, for giving shadow and for taking a walk

lobio. En Ribadavia y otras partes significa la parra que está junto a casa para sombra y pasear.

Item a su a torre da Mota hum loveo que tem Affonso da Vide

1473, Miguel Romaní, editor, Libro tumbo de pergamino. Un códice medieval del monasterio de Oseira, Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo, page 47:

Item: by the tower of the Mota, a vineyard which is worked by Afonso da Vide


cenza

From Latin salientia (“springing forth, flowing down”). Compare Catalan sallent.

inh

hai outros pequenos regueiros que baixan polas petas ladeiras formando fermosas fervenzas, aquí denominadas cenzas

2004, José Rodríguez Cruz, Trazos sobre a vestimenta tradicional no surleste de Ourense, Ourense: Deputación Provincial, page 145:

there are other streams flowing down by the slopes and forming picturesque waterfalls, locally called cenzas


rauto

From Latin raptus (“abduction”), from rapiō, from Proto-Italic *rapiō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rep-.


lorbaga

From Old Galician-Portuguese lorbaga, from Latin lauri (“laurel tree”) + baca (“berry”).

todas cheas de amoras nas silveiras , e de lorbagas mouras nos loureiros

1960, Aquilino Iglesia Alvariño, De día a día, Vilagarcía de Arousa: Celta, page 35:

loaded with blackberries the brambles, and with dark (laurel) berries the laurel trees


caldelao

gl-noun

caldelao m (plural caldelaos, feminine caldelá, feminine plural caldelás)

caldelaos (plural)
caldelá (feminine)
caldelás (feminine plural)


chanca

From Late Latin zanca, zancha (“a kind of soft Parthian shoe”), from Parthian.


bébedo

gl-noun

bébedo m (plural bébedos, feminine bébeda, feminine plural bébedas)

bébedos (plural)
bébeda (feminine)
bébedas (feminine plural)
bêbedo (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bevedo, from Latin bibitus, from bibō, from Proto-Italic *pibō, from Proto-Indo-European *píph₃eti, from *peh₃-.
Cognate of Portuguese bêbedo and of Spanish beodo.

etymon

diso que lle disera "vello royn, bébedo, louco, sandio, desuariado", et que sacara a espada contra él

1433, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, Vida e fala dos devanceiros, page 389:

he said that [the other man] said to him "worthless old man, drunkard, madman, stupid, fool", and that [that man] brandished the sword against him


esmorga

Related to Asturian esmorgar (“to peel nuts”), therefore "to join together for peeling nuts" and "to feast", perhaps from Latin amurca (“residue of olive oil”), from Ancient Greek ἀμόργη (amórgē), from ἀμέργω (amérgō, “pluck, pull”).

quen onte tiña trono, cetro, pazo, corte ... e Indias; e hoxe, roda que te roda, xa sin creto, casa en ruína, and'en tratos con toreiros, vai d'esmorga, bebe tintas, fala en chulo, solta tacos

1892, Alberto García Ferreiro, Follas de papel, Madrid: Imp. y Fundición de M. Tello, page 17:

yesterday she had a throne, sceptre, palace, court... and the Americas; and now, a rolling stone, no credit, a ruined house, she has businesses with bullfighters, she feasts, she drinks inks [?], she speaks in slang, she says profanities


rinchar

14th century. From Vulgar Latin *rehinnitulāre, from Latin hinnītāre, from hinnītus, perfect passive participle of hinniō (“I neigh”). Cognate of Spanish relinchar; compare also French hennir.

c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 297

And being there you would hear the racket and the very high voices, and the uproar and restlessness of the people, and the neigh of the horses, and the sound of the horns and of the bugles, and all of this was a great wonder

Et aly oyriades a bolta et os braados moy grandes, et o rreboluer et o bolir das gentes, et o rrinchar dos caualos, et o sonar dos cornos et dos anafijs, que esto era hũa grã maravilla.


faneca brava

From faneca (“pouting (fish)”) and brava (“brave, wild”).

greater weever (Trachinus draco) (fish)

lesser weever (Echiichthys vipera) (fish)


faneca

Perhaps from fanar (“to make blunt; to mutilate”).

Trisopterus luscus
Trisopterus luscus#Translingual


bufarda

From bufar (“to buff”). Cognate with Spanish buharda, buhardilla.


liscanzo

liscanzos (plural)
liscance (alternative)
liscánzaro (alternative)

From liscar (“to leave in a hurry”). Cognate of Portuguese licranço.

Anguis fragilis
Anguis fragilis#Translingual


escáncer

Ultimately from Ancient Greek σκίγγος (skíngos), σκίγκος (skínkos).


linguaxe

From Old Galician-Portuguese lenguage; attested as linguage since circa 1300 in Old Galician chronicles. A medieval borrowing of Old Occitan lenguatge or Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *linguāticum, from Classical Latin lingua. Cognate of Portuguese linguagem.

«Osana ﬁli[o] Dauidi», que quer dizer en lingoajen galego: señor faysnos saluos

1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: CSIC, page 19:

«Osana ﬁli[o] Dauidi», which means, translated into Galician language: señor faysnos salvos [Lord, save us]


esculca

From local Late Latin sculca (“watchtower”), from Proto-Germanic. Cognate of English skulk (“to hide”) and of Norwegian Nynorsk skulke (“to play truant”).

cog

vendo aí tantos homes de testa, capaces d'abranguer moito e ben, que puderan facer esculcas e recoller as cantigas i os contos de cada eido

1853, Camilo Álvarez de Castro, [Carta a Rosalía de Castro]:

seeing so many intelligent, capable men who could undertake a lot ably, who could make enquiries and recollect the songs and the tales of every place [of Galicia]

e achara a Johán Rramallo [...] que leuaua hũu ljmoeyro çebtý que avía arrĩcado da orta [...] e que Afonso Rrodriges Vimyeiro dera a esculca del a seu dono

1457, Fernando Tato, editor, Libro de Notas de Álvaro Perez, page 188:

and that he found Xoán Ramallo … who took away a lemon tree that he had pulled out from the garden … and that Afonso Rodríguez Vimieiro has given a report about him to its proprietor

Et coydou que era esculca que vĩjña esculcar sua terra, ca Peleus ben sabía que entre elles et troyãos auj́a grã desamor.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, page 235:

And he thought that he was a spy which has come to investigate their country, because Peleus knew well that in between them and the Trojans there was a large enmity


laredo

From Latin glārētum, from glārea (“gravel”) + -ētum, which forms place names.


marxe

15th century (margẽe). From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin marginem, accusative of margo (“edge, brink, border, margin”), from Proto-Indo-European *mórǵs. Cognate with Portuguese margem and Spanish margen.

bank, terrain on the side of a river or a road

Et pois ueer tenpo frio deuenno cauallgar et fazerlle trotar porllas margẽes et porllas aradas mansamente pella mañaa

1409, Tomé Pensado, edited by José Luis, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 67:

And after the cold weather come, they should ride the colt and make him trot by the margins and by the ploughed fields gently in the morning

strip of uncultivated land in the outer limits of a terrain

margin (edge of paper which remains blank)


fiúncho

fiúnchos (plural)
fiollo (alternative)
fionllo (alternative)
fiuncho (alternative)
funcho (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese feuncho, from Latin fēnuculum (“fennel”), a diminutive of Latin fēnum (“hay”). Cognate with Portuguese funcho and Spanish hinojo.

depois dalle a comer Cousas caentes asy como trigo, feeo, espelqa ou melga, et dalle a beber agooa caente con vino et con semente de feuncho en booa cuentidade.

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 91:

then feed him with warm things as wheat, hay, spelt, and give him warm water with wine and with seeds of fennel in good quantity

Foeniculum vulgare
Foeniculum vulgare#Translingual

fennel (bulb, leaves, or stalks eaten as a vegetable)


fiollo

fiollos (plural)
fiúncho (alternative)
fiuncho (alternative)
fionllo (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese *fẽollo, from Latin fēnuculum (“fennel”), a diminutive of Latin fēnum (“hay”). Cognate of Portuguese funcho, which together with Galician fiúncho stem from an unattested Vulgar Latin form *fenunclu.

aquelas a estes dan neste día muitas castañas, mamucas ricas, con fiollo, nébeda e sal cocidas

1861, Antonio Fernández Morales, Ensaios poéticos en dialecto berciano, page 211:

they give to them, in this day, a lot of chestnuts, tasty chestnuts, boiled with fennel, catnip and salt


paspallás

paspallases (plural)
parpallá (alternative)
pascuallá (alternative)
paspallá (alternative)
paspallar (alternative)
pazpallá (alternative)
pazpallar (alternative)
pazpallaz (alternative)
pazpalló (alternative)


rengue

From Old French reng, ranc (“line, row, rank”), from Frankish *hring (“ring”), from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“something bent or curved”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn”).


carozo

Probably from Vulgar Latin *carudium, from Ancient Greek καρύδιον (karúdion), from κάρυον (káruon, “nut”); alternatively, from a substrate language: compare carolo and carocha. Cognate with Portuguese caroço.

inedible or hard inner nucleus of a fruit, such as an apple or a pear


arcipreste

From Old French arciprestre, from Latin archi- + presbyter.


arciprestado

From arcipreste + -ado; this suffix is an irregular form of -ádego from Latin -aticum.

ecclesiastical district governed by an archpriest


zudre

zudres (plural)
sudre (alternative)
xurro (alternative)
zurro (alternative)

Unknown, but probably from a substrate language; related to Portuguese enxurro and Portuguese enxurrada (“flash flood”), Portuguese surro (“dirt”), and Spanish churre (“grime”). Also related to several current places named Xudres and Zudres, in local Medieval Latin Scudris, Sudris and Xudris.

unk

Unknown


xurreira

xurreiras (plural)
zurreira (alternative)

Obscure; either from Paleo-Hispanic, if derived from xurro, or onomatopoeic if related to chorro.

Obscure


zurreira

zurreiras (plural)
xurreira (alternative)

Obscure; either from Paleo-Hispanic, if derived from zurro, or onomatopoeic if related to chorro.

Obscure


ludro

ludros (plural)
lidro (alternative)
ludre (alternative)
ludrio (alternative)
lurdo (alternative)

Obscure, perhaps a crossing of a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *lówh₃trom (“that which is used for washing”), and of Latin lūridus (“pale”) which originated Italian lordo (“filthy”). Compare also lorda.
Cognate with Portuguese ludro.

Obscure


moxena

Unknown. Perhaps from a substrate language.

et vio sayr ẽno ayre feyscas et moxenas da terra [asi] cõmo de forno que arde

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 209:

and he saw embers and sparks emerging from the land and going into the air, as from a burning oven


charamusca

charamuscas (plural)
charamisca (alternative)
charamuza (alternative)


gueifa

Unknown. Perhaps from a descendant of Proto-Germanic *waibijaną (“to wrap up, to clothe, to wave”), whence Icelandic veifa (“to wave”), Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (biwaibjan, “to surround”).

cog

Alguén pretende que a novela galega teña un marcado celme rural, un arrecendo ás terras remexidas polo legón, ou polas gueifas do arado, á braveza de toxo, á estrume. ¿E por qué non ha poder sere delicada como unha fror de pazo señoril?

1926, anonymous, Nós. Boletín mensual da Cultura Galega, nº 27, page 12

Some people pretend that the Galician novel should have a marked rural imprint, a smell to the earth overturned by the hoe or by the mouldboard of the plough, to the wilderness of the gorse, to fertiliser. But, why shouln't it be delicate as a flower from a noble manor?

mouldboard; in Galician traditional ploughs, a pair of pieces next to the blade which turn over the earth


abeaca

Unknown. Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *bankiz, and Old Norse bekkr meaning bench.


orelleira

From orella (“ear”) + -eira, from Latin auricula (“ear”).


regueiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese regueiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from rego + -eiro. Compare Spanish reguero.

vendo essa mia herdade que iaz a su a uossa granja de Penellas, untre anballas aguas dos regueyrus que per y corren d'ona parte et da outra, et uay firir áás mestas u se anbus estes regeyrus mexen

1282, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 390:

I sell my property that is next to your farm of Penelas, in between both waters of the streams that flow there, and its perimeter comes to the confluence where both this streams mix together


estrumeira

From estrume (“litter; mixture of straw and other vegetables and manure”) + -eira.

suffix

dunghill, heap of decayed litter of animal and vegetable origin used as fertilizer

place used for the production of fertilizer (compost) from the decayed remains of organic matter

Fillo! Tes a casa feita unha estrumeira!

My son! The house is like a heap of litter (because of you)!


parapentista

gl-noun

parapentista m or f by sense (plural parapentistas)


escá

From Hispanic Late Latin scala (“bowl”) attested in Isidore of Seville, probably from Suevic, from Proto-Germanic *skēlō (“bowl”). Cognate with German Schale and Dutch schaal (“bowl”).

(historical) esca, a traditional unit of dry measure equivalent to about 6–9 L depending on the substance measured

A escá e o ferrado son dúas medidas de madeira que se empregan pra medí-los graus.

1962, Xaquín Lorenzo, Etnografía: cultura material, Buenos Aires: Nós, page 207:

The escá and the ferrado are two units of measurement made in wood, used for measuring the grain.

(historical) esca, a box formerly used for measuring grain

1286, Miguel Romaní (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). 3 vols. Santiago: Tórculo Edicións (1989, 1989, 1993), page 1131

et huna escaa de manteyga et dous queygios


estinga

estingas (plural)
tinga (alternative)
raia tinga (alternative)

Documented at least since the 18th century; perhaps borrowed from English stingray rather than an old loanword from Suevic or Gothic. Ultimatelly from Proto-Germanic *stinganą, whence also Old Norse stinga.

Tambien se dá en gallego el nombre de Raya tinga ó estinga [..] á una especie de Pastinaca mas blanca que la comun

1788, Cornide Saavedra, José. Ensayo para una historia de los peces ... de la costa de Galicia, page 127

Also, in Galician they call raia tinga or estinga to some kind of stingray that is whiter than the common one:

(obsolete) an instrument used by brass workers


xolda

xoldas (plural)
jolda (alternative)
xoldra (alternative)

From Old French, from the same origin as jaude (“troop, band of soldiers”), from a Proto-Germanic *geldaną (“to pay, to compensate”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”).


agarimo

Attested since the 18th century. Deverbal from agarimar (“to shelter; to cherish”).

deverbal

[ɑ.ɣ̞ɑˈɾi.mʊ]

[ɑ.ɣ̞ɑˈɾi.mʊ]

[ɑ.ħɑˈɾi.mʊ]

Sòs mentes en Deus do Céo,
agarimo podo achàr,
pois cuitadiña de min;
já non teño Pay, nin Nay!

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Just in God of Heaven
shelter I can find
Because, pity me,
No longer I have mum or dad


gaspeto

Probably from Gothic *𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍄𐌿𐍃 (*spitus), from Proto-Germanic *spitō (“rod”); alternatively from a Gothic or Suevic [Term?] form derived from Proto-Germanic *speutą (“spear”). Prefixed with a descendant of Proto-Germanic *ga-, which formed collective names.


espeteira

From espeto (“spit”) + -eira or from espita (“nail”) + -eira.


ámboa

From Paleo-Hispanic, from a local Gallaecian *ambonā, related to Gaulish ambe (“water, river”); either from Proto-Celtic *abū, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-h₃ōn-, from *h₂ep- (“body of water”) or from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos (“cloud; moisture”).

der

large or very large earthenware jar for the containment and preservation of wine and other liquids


laceira

From Old Galician-Portuguese lazeyra (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from a Vulgar Latin *lacĕrĭa, from Latin lacer (“torn to pieces”), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂k- (“to tear, rend”).

Paséi pol-a tua porta, non che vin palla n-a eira, nin che coidéi, rapaciña, que tiñas tanta laceira (popular song)

1886, José Pérez Ballesteros, Biblioteca de las tradiciones populares españolas:

I passed in front of your door, and didn't see straw in the threshing place; I had never thought that you had so much misery

cobijçauã mays a morte ca a vida cõ tã grã lazeira

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla., Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 535:

they coveted death more than life, so large was their affliction

misery (great unhappiness, wretchedness)


lacazán

gl-noun

lacazán m (plural lacazáns, feminine lacazana, feminine plural lacazanas)

lacazáns (plural)
lacazana (feminine)
lacazanas (feminine plural)
lacaçám (alternative)
lacação (alternative)

Perhaps from the metathesis of an unattested *casalán, from Arabic كَسْلَان (kaslān, “lazy”). Compare Spanish holgazán. Alternatively a derogatory formation from lacón (“pig shoulder”), as its synonym lacoeiro.


fiúza

From Old Galician-Portuguese feuza (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fīdūcia (“trust, confidence”), from Latin fidō (“to trust”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéydʰeti (“to trust”). Compare Old Spanish hucia.

der

Meus fillos nõ ajades medo ca aqui soo eu vosco quen vos chamastes, avede fiuza en Ihesucristo et averedes soude en [este] mũdo et ẽno outro

1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C, page 188:

My children, don't be afraid because I am here with you, as you called for me; have trust in Jesus Christ and you shall have health in this world and in the other


maino

Attested since 1838. Probably a deverbal adjective from amainar (“to calm down”), itself probably from Old Occitan amainà (“to tame, to calm down”), from Latin mansiō (“mansion, house”).

ragworm (Hediste diversicolor); often used as bait in fishing


filloa

filloas (plural)
filló (alternative)
filloga (alternative)
fillós (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese folloa (attested since the 13th century in Galician documents), from Vulgar Latin *foliola, diminutive of Latin folium (“leaf”). Cognate with Portuguese filhó and Spanish hojuela.

1398, Miguel Romaní (ed.). La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). 3 vols. Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 470

a tray of crepes [elaborated] with sixty eggs, and [you should also give to us] bread and wine as used by our other men in the territory of Oleiros

huna escudela de foloas de seseenta ovos et pan et vino con elas commo husan os outros nosos homes do couto de Olleiros.

(cooking) a traditional and popular Shrovetide treat prepared with eggs, flour, and either milk or broth, cooked over a frying pan greased with pork fat, or over a flat hot stone. Similar to a crêpe


calcañar

[kɑɫ.kɑˈɲaɾ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese calcannar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from calcaño + -ar. Alternatively from Vulgar Latin *calcaneare. Cognate with Portuguese calcanhar.

inh+

1435, A. López Carreira, Fragmentos de notarios, doc. E2-8

... they approached said Goterre Afonso and that the mentioned Fernando de Mourelos extracted the sword from its scabbard against said Goterre Afonso, for killing him; and his companions, as they saw this, helped him against said Goterre Afonso, and consequently he gave him a large wound in the left leg, in which he injured him from under the knee till the heel

... que aderençaran ao dito Goterre Afonso et que o dito Fernando de Mourelos que sacara a espada da beyna contra o dito Goterre Afonso por lo matar, et seus conpaneiros como lo viran sacar que o ajudaran contra o dito Goterre Afonso, do qual lle logo deran huna grande ferida en huna perna esqerda, en que o feriran debayxo do gionllo ata o qualquanar


substantivación

gl-noun

substantivación f (plural substantivacións)


piño

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pinho, from Latin pinus. Compare Portuguese pinho and Spanish pino.


treito

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese treito (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin tractus, perfect passive participle of trahō (“I drag; extract”). Cognate with Spanish trecho.

treitoira

pegs which secure the axis of the wheels of a cart to the cart itself

mays pero os troyãos forõ ende maltreytos et alongados do cãpo per força ben dous treytos de beesta.

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 431:

but the Trojans were then battered and forcibly repelled for the distance of two shots of crossbow.

distance, stretch, extension (in space or time)


treitoira

pegs which secure the axletree of a cart to the cart itself


radioastrónoma

gl-noun

radioastrónoma f (plural radioastrónomas)


profanador

profanador m (plural profanadores, feminine profanadora, feminine plural profanadoras)

profanadores (plural)
profanadora (feminine)
profanadoras (feminine plural)

profaner, defiler, desecrater, desecrator


fungueiro

fungueiros (plural)
fueiro (alternative)
fumeiro (alternative)
fuñeiro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese *fũeiro, from Latin fūnārius (“of or pertaining to a string”), from fūnis (“string”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to tie; bond, band”). Cognate of Portuguese fueiro.

der

a vertical rod used to contain either the laterals or the load of a cart


aburguesamento

gl-noun

aburguesamento m (plural aburguesamentos)


liñó

liñós (plural)
liñol (alternative)
liñón (alternative)

From Latin līneolus (“little string”), a diminutive of līnea (“a linen thread; string”), from Latin līnum (“flax; string”), from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”).

que a deuedes dar chantada de vina et ben fercada et [...] con forcas et linoos ao pelongo et latas ao traues

1339, Graña Cid, edited by M. Mar, Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), page 127:

you should plant vines and have it correctly kept … with gallows and strings all along, and beams crosswise


metabuscador

From meta- + buscador (“search engine”).


gaspallo

gaspallos (plural)
gaspalho (alternative)
gasgallo (alternative)

Obscure. Either related to French gaspiller (“to waste”), from Old French gaspail (“bullet of wheat”), or to Spanish caspa (“fragment”). In the first case, from Proto-Germanic *wisp- (“measure of grain”) or from Proto-Germanic *gaspilþijaną (“to destroy, waste”), from Proto-Indo-European *spel- (“to break off, split”).

unk

Obscure

der

1779, Diego Antonio Cernadas y Castro, Obras en prosa y verso del Cura de Fruime (vol. IV), Madrid: Joachin Ibarra, 191-193, 238, page 191:
Non fagas Copras mordentes, que no teu frío gaspallo, ben conocemos ó Allo, sin que nos mostres os dentes
Don't do mordant couplets, because in your cold gazpacho (= dregs), we wholly met the garlic (= it's excessive) without you showing us the cloves (= without you showing us your teeth)

(obsolete) gazpacho (cold soup elaborated with water, bread, oil and vegetables)


gastallo

Perhaps a derivative of Proto-Germanic *kastô (“box”) + the suffix -allo; alternatively, a cognate of German Gestell (“rack, stand”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- + *stalljan (“to fix, to set”).

a notched log used to immobilize something

a clamp used to fix or immobilize something

a workbench, namely those used by basketeers and shoemakers


esporón

esporóns (plural)
esporom (alternative)
esporão (alternative)
asperón (alternative)
esperón (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *spurô (“spur”), from Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”). Probably borrowed from Old French esperon. Documented in local Latin documents, as asperon, at least since 1128. Cognate of Italian sprone, Spanish espolón, French éperon, Occitan esporon.

prod, spur (naturally growing spike of an animal)


mazarico

Unknown. From the medieval form maracico, already attested circa 1133 as maraticum in local Medieval Latin. Cognate of Portuguese maçarico.

Numenius arquata
Numenius arquata#Translingual


portela

From Latin portella, diminutive of porta (“door”). Cognate with Spanish portilla and Asturian portiella.


escarapote

From Latin scorpiō (“scorpion”) + the augmentative Galician suffix -ote, influenced by escarpa (“splinter, thorn”) of Germanic origin.

(zoology) red scorpionfish (Scorpaena scrofa)

(zoology) black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus)


atalaia

From Arabic طَلِيعَة (ṭalīʕa, “a scout; and a party of scouts”), from the verb طَالَعَ (ṭālaʕa, “to inspect”), from the root ط ل ع (ṭ l ʕ), the same as طَلَعَ (ṭalaʕa, “to watch”).

ar-root

ط ل ع (ṭ l ʕ)


congostra

congostras (plural)
congosta (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese congosta, congostra, from the feminine of Late Latin congustus (“narrow”) < coangustus.


virilla

virillas (plural)
virilha (alternative)
brilla (alternative)

From Latin virilia (“manly”), from Latin vir (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with Portuguese virilha.


angazo

angazos (plural)
angaço (alternative)
engaço (alternative)
engazo (alternative)

From anga (“handle”) + -azo, from Gothic or Suevic, from Proto-Germanic *angô (“hook, angle”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“something bent, hook”). Cognate with Portuguese engaço.


nabiza

From nabo, from Latin nāpus (“turnip”), and the suffix -izo. Cognate with Portuguese nabiça.

Non como verzas con unto, nin nabizas con aceite, pra min non hai cousa boa, tamén me fai mal o leite

c. 1790, Domingo Blanco, editor, A poesía popular en Galicia 1745-1885., Vigo: Xerais, page 138:

I don't eat greens with lard, nor turnip greens with olive oil; there's nothing good for me: even milk makes me feel sick

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual

(botany, cooking) young turnip greens (Brassica rapa)


herba cidreira

gl-noun

herba cidreira f (plural herbas cidreiras)

/ˈɛɾβa̝ θiˈðɾejɾa̝/

/ˈɛɾβa̝ siˈðɾejɾa̝/

From herba (“grass”) + cidreira (“citron”).

Melissa officinalis
Melissa officinalis#Translingual

(botany) lemon balm (a herb, Melissa officinalis)


herba abelleira

herba abelleira f (plural herbas abelleiras)

/ˈɛɾβaβeˈʎejɾa̝/

From herba (“grass”) + abelleira (“of the bees”).

Ophrys apifera
Wikispecies:Ophrys apifera

(botany) bee orchid (a herb, Ophrys apifera)


abelleira

abelleiras (plural)
abilleira (alternative)
abelheira (alternative)


remador

remador m (plural remadores, feminine remadora, feminine plural remadoras)

remadores (plural)
remadora (feminine)
remadoras (feminine plural)


trasno

trasnos (plural)
tardo (alternative)
trasgo (alternative)

Unknown. Perhaps from Latin trānsgredior (“I cross over (fig., the law)”). Cognate of Portuguese trasgo, Asturian trasgu, Spanish trasgo.

der

(Iberian folklore, mythology, fantasy) A mischievous mythological creature, usually domestic and similar to a goblin or brownie, other times more similar to a nightmare, found in the legends of the North and West of the Iberian peninsula

Máis que digan que este mundo
Foi e será un bandallo,
Decote detras da porta
Non hemos de ver o trasno;

1845, Vicente Turnes, Diálogo entre Silvestre Cajaraville e Domingo Magariños:

No matter how much they say that this world
was and is a calamity,
Not always are we to see
the demon behind the door


vascullo

vascullos (plural)
bascallo (alternative)
bascullo (alternative)
vascallo (alternative)
vasallo (alternative)

From a derivative of Proto-Celtic *baskis (“bundle”) and the Galician suffix -ullo, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰask- (“bundle”). Cognate with Latin fascis (“bundle, faggot”).

broom (a bundle of shrubs used for cleaning barrels)


napia

Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *nabją (“nose, beak”).

(colloquial) nose (in particular, a big nose)


mariscador

gl-noun

mariscador m (plural mariscadores, feminine mariscadora, feminine plural mariscadoras)

mariscadores (plural)
mariscadora (feminine)
mariscadoras (feminine plural)


choia

Borrowed from Old French choe (“chough”), from Proto-West Germanic *kahu (“jackdaw, crow”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to crow, caw, shout”).

der

Cregos, frades, pegas e choyas, do a demo tas quatro joyas (proverb)

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes o proverbios en romance:

Priests, friars, magpies and choughs, I send to hell these four jewels


buraz

Attested since the 16th century. Unknown; perhaps from Latin vorax.

burazinos / panchozes tamañiños / Va jiba ou maragota / e si acasso ben pijota

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

little blackspot sea breams and well sized axillary sea brams / With cuttlefish and ballan wrasse / and maybe also hake


castizal

Unknown. The word is documented in High Medieval Latin charters as cancistales, canicistales and casistale. Cognate with Portuguese castiçal.


preguiza

preguizas (plural)
perguiza (alternative)
priguiza (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese (the derivative preguiçoso is already attested in the Cantigas de Santa Maria, 13th century), from Latin pīgritia. Cognate with Portuguese preguiça, Italian pigrizia, Spanish pereza, French paresse.

laziness, sloth (unwillingness to do work)


bugallo

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *bul(l)aka-, whence Old Irish bolach (“swelling, blister”), influenced by Latin galla. Cognate with Portuguese bugalho

gall (chiefly the oak gall or oak apple)


megálito

An international neologism. See megalithic.


laverco

Unknown. Perhaps related to Late Latin levaricinus, a fish name attested by Polemius Silvius; whence French lavaret and Portuguese lavareto. The current form has been probably influenced by laverca (“lark”).

(archaic) large sea trout, shad or salmon after spawning in the rivers