estivada

estivadas (plural)
estibada (alternative)

14th century. Unknown. Perhaps from *estivar, from Latin aestivus (“summerly”) and aestus (“fire”), whence Galician estío (“summer”); alternatively from Latin exstirpāre (“to uproot”), phonetically unlikely; or from Latin stīpes (“post, stake”).

swidden (a bounded area of land that has been cleared by cutting the vegetation and burning it; slash and burn)

Et mays queremos et prazenos que se os labradores que morarẽ enos dictos lugares de Segelle et Grueyro que vos assy aforamos forẽ a fazer et labrar estiuadas enos dictos montes da dicta Graña de Carnẽes que se veñam asaluo para vos et vos paguen o terradego del.

1474, Andrés Martínez Salazar, editor, Documentos gallegos de los siglos XIII al XVI, A Coruña: Casa de la Misericordia, page 153:

And we want, and it pleases us, that if the farmers that live in that places names Seselle and Brueiro, that we rent to you, went to slash and burn in the aforementioned hills belonging to the Farm of Carnes, that they can came safely unto you and they shall pay to you the corresponding taxes

slash and burn (a technique in agriculture when a communal terrain is provisionally divided and bounded, and the plant matter in it is roughly cut down and then burned over to prepare it for a few crops)


conveniência

reintegrationist spelling of conveniencia


convergência

reintegrationist spelling of converxencia


crente

From Old Galician-Portuguese creente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin crēdēns, crēdentis.


curral

From Old Galician-Portuguese curral, of uncertain origin. Maybe from Vulgar Latin *currālis, from Latin currus (“charriot”). Cognate with Portuguese curral and Spanish corral.

Et teu yrmão Fernã Gonçaluez, cõna muy grã coyta que ouue, sey(nd)o do paaço fugindo et saltou en hũu curral que nõ era muy limpo; et, quando el et seus panos ende seyrõ nõ cheyrauã a musgo

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 625:

And your brother Fernán González, with the great trouble he had, getting out of the palace and fleeing he jumped into a corral that was not very clean; and, when he finally got out of it, his clothes didn't smell of musk

Poys que elles forõ ydos, fezo dõna Lanbra poer hũu escano en meo de seu curral, guisado et cuberto de panos com̃o para morto.

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 179:

After they were gone, Lady Lanbra ordered to put a bier in the middle of her yard, prepared and covered with clothes as if prepared for a dead person

mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra et sua moller que desfaçan et derruben por fondamento o curral et portaes et çerquas et muros et outro lauor uello et nouo que esta arredor da dicta casa noua et da caua uella que esta cabo da dicta casa noua contra a mota

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

We order that said Martín Becerra and his wife must undo and demolish by its foundations the bailey and gates and walls and enclosures and other new and old work around of said new house, and of the old house that is near said house by the motte

A qual cassa está ẽno canto que ssal aa rrúa do Canal; da qual casa a outra meadade foy da Órdẽe do Tẽple et tẽse da hũa parte cõ outra casa que he desta teẽça en que ssuýa morar Sancha Vaqua; et da outra sse tẽ cõ hũu formal de hũa casa que foy queymada; et saen estas cassas anbas a hũu curral pequeno que ha entrada perla rrúa do Canal et ssaen a este cural outras cassas do cabídoo que ssom da teença de Taueyroos et outras cassas da Moeda Noua.

1390, M. L. Méndez Fernández, editor, Contribución ó estudio dun libro das Tenzas da Catedral de Santiago. Edición crítica e estudio dos folios 1 a 27, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 30:

Said house is in the corner that faces the Rúa do Canal [Canal street]; of said house the other half belonged to the Order of the Temple and it is sided by another house which belonged to this holding and is where Sancha Vaca lived; and in the other side it has a plot of a house that was burned down; and both houses face a small square which opens by the Rúa do Canal, and other houses face this square, among them some houses of the Chapter that belong to the holding of Tabeirós, and other houses that belongs to the new mint


cós

From Old Galician-Portuguese cos (“shirt; underwear”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French cors (“body”).


visom

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


visom

reintegrationist spelling of visón (“mink”)


contramestre

gl-noun

contramestre m (plural contramestres, feminine contramestra, feminine plural contramestras)

contramestres (plural)
contramestra (feminine)
contramestras (feminine plural)

Contra- (“auxiliary”) + mestre (“master”).

prefix

(nautical) boatswain, petty officer who controls the work of other seamen


despeito

From Old Galician-Portuguese despeito, from Latin dēspectus.


finado

gl-noun

finado m (plural finados, feminine finada, feminine plural finadas)

finados (plural)
finada (feminine)
finadas (feminine plural)

Et aqui vos diremos hũu miragre que Deus mostrou en Bayona a Vella por dar enxẽplo aos que tomã o aver dos finados et nõ conprẽ a suas mãdas

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C. S. I. C, page 85:

And here we will tell you a miracle that God showed in Bayonne for setting an example to the ones that take the assets of the dead and don't accomplish their bequest


dramaturgo

dramaturgo m (plural dramaturgos, feminine dramaturga, feminine plural dramaturgas)

dramaturgos (plural)
dramaturga (feminine)
dramaturgas (feminine plural)

From Ancient Greek δραματουργός (dramatourgós).

uder

δραματουργός


encantamento

Á taberna do meu compadre fun polo vento, vin polo aire; Debe ser cousa de encantamento, ir polo aire, vir polo vento!

To my mate's tavern I went in the wind, came back by the air; it must be an enchantment, to go by air, to came back in the wind!


enxame

enxames (plural)
einxame (alternative)
enxamio (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese eixame (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin exāmen. Cognate with Portuguese enxame, Spanish enjambre, Catalan eixam, Occitan eissam, French essaim and Italian sciame.

Vinte cinco ducias D'obos
eu lle ofrezo, porque teñan
conque fazer os Formigos,
e de mel vnha caldeyra,
que os meus cobos e cortizos
teñen moy boas entenas;
porque sairon ogano
moytos enjames d'abellas.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

Twenty-five dozens of eggs
I offer her, so that they have the necessary
to cook the formigos;
and of honey a cauldron,
because my skeps and hives
have very good honeycombs,
because this year
many swarms of bees went out

Item mando a iglesia de (...) hun eyxame que seia para o lume

1411, M. Mar Graña Cid, editor, Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), page 260:

Item, I grant to the church of (...) a beehive, for the light [for paying for the lightning of the church]


estada

Et diseron et mandaron que este dito seguro et personas et cousas susoditas en que os asi segurauan et seguraron en uiinda, estada et tornada

1440, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 619:

And they said and ordered that this insurance, and the aforementioned insured persons and things, that they ensure and insured them in coming, staying, and returning


estada

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *staþlaz (“stable”) (compare Old High German stadal (“barn”)).


mocidade

mocidades (plural)
mocedade (alternative)
mocedá (alternative)

From mozo (“young, youngster”) + -idade.


superioridade

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin superiōritātem.


estala

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *stallaz (“standing; stall; stable”).

der

(nautical) little board in between the oar and the thole


trouxa

Perhaps from Old French trousse (“pack”) or either directly from a local derivative of Vulgar Latin *torsāre, from *torsus, variant of Classical Latin tortus, past participle of torqueō. Cognate with Portuguese trouxa, Spanish troja, French trousse.

¡Fillo da ialma! Vé-lo aí vai, coa súa trouxa ó lombo, descalzo de pé e perna, sin unha mala vergasta con que desviá-los cans que lle poidan saír a ladrar o camiño.

Poor son! There you have him, with his bundle on his shoulder, bare on feet and legs, with not a bad rod to divert the dogs that could come to bark on his way

cushion used to protect the shoulders or back when carrying loads


linguado

From Old Galician-Portuguese linguado (13th century), from lingua (“tongue”) + -ado.

Pois non trato
 do peixe que foi barato:
 tanto barbo e lengoado
 e doutro peije preziado
 que sobraba o can y o gato

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

I wont speak
 of the fish which was cheap
 so much barbel and sole
 and of other prized fish,
 that dog and cat were more than enough


rebolada

N’outono ... pois con alegria moita
nos ibamos áo longo castañar
e a reboladas eu guindaba froita
mentras ti regalabasme en cantár.

In autumn, with so much joy,
we went to the large orchard
and at shots I was knocking fruits down
whilst you was treating me with songs


rebolo

Either from Latin *robŭllus (“little oak”) or rather from Latin *repullus, from pullus (“young animal”). Cognate with Spanish rebollo.


rebolo

(figurative, derogatory) midget; a short fat person


rebola

Da rapa á rebola veña o Demo e escolla

In between the screed and the strickle, let the demon choose


espicho

gl-noun

espicho m (plural espichos, feminine espicha, feminine plural espichas)

espichos (plural)
espicha (feminine)
espichas (feminine plural)
espiche (alternative)

Probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *spitō or a derivative of it. Compare the possible doublets espeto and espita.
Cognate with German Spitze or, possibly, from it.


esteira

From Old Galician-Portuguese esteira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), ultimately from Latin storea. Cognate with Portuguese esteira, Spanish estera, French store.

Et hũu ome bõo pobre doeusse muyto do corpo del rrey et tomoo en sogas et poseo en hũu leyto et cobrio de hũa esteyra uella et leuoo fora da vila et soterroo

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 504:

And a poor good man took pity of the king's body and took it with ropes and put it in a coffin and covered it with an old mat and took it outside the town and buried it

mat made with straws, rushes, wickers or canes


garrido

From Old Galician-Portuguese garrido (“cheerful”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from garrir.


furna

From Latin furnus (“oven”) or fornix (“arch”).


peitoril

From Vulgar Latin *pectorilis, *pectorile, from Latin pectus (“chest”). Compare Spanish pretil.

Jten faser todo de nouo os peytorij́ns das ditas casas e poer jaztas e sobrejaztas, e rrecorrer o soyo dos sobrados das ditas casas.

1450, A. Fernández Salgado, editor, A documentación medieval de San Bieito do Campo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 88:

Item, to rebuild the parapets of the aforementioned houses, to put the bearers and the joists, and to lie down the planking of the upper floors


sementeira

Attested since the 13th century. Semente (“seed”) + -eira


vacuidade

Learned borrowing from Latin vacuitātem.

vacuity; emptiness (state of being empty)


recanto

A meniña xogaba ás agachadas en cada recanto da casa.

The little girl was playing hide and seek in every nook of the house.

twist, turn, bend, elbow (notable curve of a river or road)


rivalidade

Learned borrowing from Latin rīvālitātem.


teima

Attested since 1671. Perhaps from Latin thema, from Ancient Greek θέμα (théma); the diphthong would be an irregular development, maybe due to the influx of other learned words.

E Vos non vedes à teima
En que deu à mia gente,
Que ey de glossar de repente
Sin ter geño nin freima:
Vàn à Madril eu a Reyma,

1723, Anselmo Feixó e Montenegro, E vós non vedes a teima?:

Don't you see the mania
my people have caught
that I'm going to gloss at the moment
having no temper or phlegm?
They are going to Madrid, I to the paper,


touceira

From touza + -eiro; from a substrate pre-Latin language, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).


malfeitor

gl-noun

malfeitor m (plural malfeitores, feminine malfeitora, feminine plural malfeitoras)

malfeitores (plural)
malfeitora (feminine)
malfeitoras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese malfeitor (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin malefactor, malefactōrem, from Latin malefaciō. Compare French malfaiteur, Spanish malhechor.

Meendo de Seabra, juis da dita çidade, que presente estaua, diso que requería ao dito Afonso Anrriques que lle dese e entregase logo o malfeytor que asy avía ferido ao dito Pero de Canba

1444, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 285:

Mendo of Seabra, judge of said city, present, said that he was demanding said Afonso Anríquez to handle him intermediately the malefactor that so has wounded said Pedro de Camba


prosperidade

Learned borrowing from Latin prosperitātem.


sobriedade

Learned borrowing from Latin sōbrietātem.


goro

goros (plural)
golo (alternative)
grolo (alternative)

From Proto-Celtic *gʷorīti (“warm up, heat”) (compare Welsh gori (“'brood; sit, of hen'”), Middle Irish guirid (“to warm”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm,hot”).
Cognate with Spanish huero.

unfertilized (egg) that has been brooded by the hen


incongruência

reintegrationist spelling of incongruencia


móbil

Probably a learned borrowing from Latin mobilis. Compare moble.

cellular, cell phone (US), mobile phone (UK, Australia)


predela

From Italian predella, from Lombardic pretil.


perversidade

Learned borrowing from Latin perversitātem.


pombal

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese poombar, from Medieval Latin, Late Latin palumbāre, from Latin palumbēs (“pigeon”). Cognate with Portuguese pombal, Spanish palomar.

damus e outorgamus a uos [...] Ia leyra derdade que abemus en Eires como departe pe-la leyra do casal de Cima de Villa en o qual mora Domingo Eanes, e da outra parte pe-los marcos que y estan chantados, e da outra parte pe-la careyra, e da outra parte pe-la pedra que esta en fondo desta leira; conuen a saber que vos fazades esta leira Ia cassa pera lagar e non fazades en ela outra casa nenuna nen poombal, nen tolades o carril da uila

1277, M. Lucas Alvarez, P. P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 411:

we give and grant you a field that we have in Eires, as it departs from the farm of Cimadevila where Domigo Eanes lives, in the other side by the boundary stones that are thrusted there, in the other side by the road, and in the other side by the rock that is at the end of this field; and you shall build in this field a winery, but you should not build there any other house or dovecote, nor should you occupy the way to the village

dovecote (small building in which domestic pigeons breed; a dove house)


vivacidade

Learned borrowing from Latin vīvācitātem.


viúvo

gl-noun

viúvo m (plural viúvos, feminine viúva, feminine plural viúvas)

viúvos (plural)
viúva (feminine)
viúvas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin viduus, having developed an epenthetic after the loss of .


adega

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese adega (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from earlier *abdega, from *abodega, from Latin apothēca, from Ancient Greek ἀποθήκη (apothḗkē, “storehouse”). Doublet of bodega and botica. Compare Portuguese adega.

der

Iten, mando mays á dita Contança Gonçales, miña muller, a quarta parte da adega dos Vrancos, por quanto eu e ela conpramos a metade da dita adega a Meen Suares Galinato, e mándolle mays a cuba en que teño o viño branco e mays outras duas cubas que son dentro ena dita adega aa maao esquerda, vasyas, que teñen cada una doze moyos de lagar

1484, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 127

Item, I devise said Constanza González, my wife, a fourth of the wine cellar of Os Brancos, since we both together bought a half of said cellar from Men Suarez Galiñato; and I also bequeath a cask in which I have the white wine, and also two other casks that are inside that wine cellar, on the left, empty, each one having twelve modii


bacelo

13th century. From Latin bacillus or bacillum (“small staff”)

que nos diades delas de cada hun anos medeo de todo o vynno que Deus y der, a byca do lagar, das vinas e baçelos que agora hy estan sitas

1391, Manuel Lucas Álvarez, editor, El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro y su colección diplomática en la Edad Media, Sada: Ediciós do Castro, page 106:

and you shall give to us, every year, half the wine that God would give there, at the beak of the pressing vat, of the vines and new vines there

Mando a Roy Martiz, meu yrmao, I moyo [...] e mándolle o baçelo que jaz antre Pedro Pequeno e Martín Moogo
I give to Roi Martis, my brother, a moio [128 l] … and I give to him the new vineyard which is in between [the properties of] Pedro Pequeno and Martín Moogo

1301, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.) Vida e fala dos devanceiros, page 52


colonização

reintegrationist spelling of colonización


cálice

cálices (plural)
cális (alternative)
cáliz (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese calez /caliz, from Latin calix, calicem.


esmagamento

[ez̺.mɑ.ɣ̞ɑˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ʊ]

[ez̺.mɑ.ɣ̞ɑˈmɛ̃n̪.t̪ʊ]


esterco

From Old Galician-Portuguese esterco, from Latin stercus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terḱ-o-. Cognate with Breton stroñk (“excrements”) and Welsh trwnc (“urine”).

O Carpulla andaba á bosta. Cun cesto de aro colgado debaixo do brazo, iba e viña por camiños e carreiros recollendo canta alcontraba para facer esterco

1927, X. Lesta Meis, Estebo, A Coruña: Lar, page 106:

Carpulla ("Hunger") used to search for dung. With a hoop basked under the arm, he came and went on the roads and ways, picking up as much as he could find to make manure


jurisprudência

reintegrationist spelling of xurisprudencia


vindima

13th century. From Latin vindēmia. Cognate with Portuguese vindima, Spanish vendimia and Italian vendemmia.

vintage (the harvesting of a grape crop)

vintage (the season during which the grape is harvested)


gando

From Old Galician-Portuguese gãado, from local Medieval Latin ganatus (“earned”), from Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”). Cognate with Portuguese gado, Spanish ganado.


bágoa

First attested in c. 1750. From Latin bacula, diminutive of bāca (“berry”). Compare mágoa and Portuguese bágoa.

Estouche feita un Calabre,
èas vagoas dos ôllos cán
à cantos me ben no Leyto:
aÿ miña Virxen da Paz!

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

I'm but a cadaver now,
And tears fall from the eyes
Of everyone who see me in bed
Oh, my Virgin of Peace!

recólle co teu esprito, amigo amado,
estas vagoas que non podo coutar

1840, Florencio Pol, Á memoria dun amigo santiagués:

catch with your spirit, beloved friend,
these tears I cannot hold back

Agora que sabemos que todos os camiños
Que construímos foron erixidos sobre cadáveres
Agora que entendemos que erguemos a cada tirano
Que nos someteu baixo o fascio e a espada
Agora que aceptamos que fomos nós xs
Que alzamos os muros que comprimiron os nosos tórax
Sepultando os nosos corazóns...
Decidimos encomendar a nosa existencia á súa destrución
Ata que, dentro de nós, cada deserto se converta en oasis

Now that we know that every road
we made was founded on corpses;
Now that we understand that we raised every tyrant
that subdued us with fascio and sword;
Now that we accept that we were the ones
who built the walls which compressed our torsos,
entombing our hearts...
We decide to commit our existence to their destruction
till, inside of us, each dessert becomes an oasis,
each wound a waterfall, each tear a torrent.

Cada ferida en fervenza e cada bágoa en torrente


bagulla

From Latin *bacucula, diminutive of bāca (“berry”).


tarraxa

Unknown. Probably from Arabic [script needed] (*tarrāšah), from Persian. Compare Spanish tarraja.

wing nut and screw that controls the strength of the brake of a traditional cart

tool for making the screw thread of nuts; screwplate


bacallau

From Dutch bakkeljauw, of uncertain origin. Possibly from Latin baculum (“stick, staff”), referring to the way cod were split and dried on wooden sticks. Compare Portuguese bacalhau and Spanish bacalao.


peixe espada

From peixe (“fish”) and espada (“sword”): "sword-fish".

Xiphias gladius
Xiphias gladius#Translingual


ateniense

gl-noun

ateniense m or f by sense (plural atenienses)


xabrón

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin sāpōnem, accusative singular of sāpō, from Proto-Germanic *saipǭ.


alardo

From Old Galician-Portuguese alardo, from Andalusian Arabic اَلْعَرْض, from Arabic عَرْض (ʕarḍ, “exhibition”).


ditador

ditador m (plural ditadores, feminine ditadora, feminine plural ditadoras)

ditadores (plural)
ditadora (feminine)
ditadoras (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin dictātōrem (“a chief magistrate”), from dictō (“dictate, prescribe”), from dīcō (“say, speak”).


alento

Deverbal from alentar. Compare Spanish aliento.


andaina

From Vulgar Latin *andagĭne, perhaps from Latin indāgō. Cognate of Spanish andén.


antigüidade

antigüidades (plural)
antigüidá (alternative proscribed)

From Old Galician-Portuguese antiguedade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin antīquitas, antīquitātem. Cognate with Portuguese antiguidade and Spanish antigüedad.


arcebispo

[aɾθɪˈβispʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin archiepiscopus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιεπίσκοπος (arkhiepískopos), from ἀρχι- (arkhi-, “chief”) + ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”).

der

ἀρχιεπίσκοπος

Sabeam todos, que por quanto a nos dom frey Beringel da Ordem dos Preegadores por la gracia de Deus arcibispo de Santiago, Capellan mayor del Rey et Chanceller e notario mayor do Reyno de Leon, por grandes querelas e por gran chamor pervereo que se fazian ennas friigyesías do noso arcibispado, grandes deguysados, iniurias et exeessoes per aquelles que tirauan et leuauan as penas das friigesias, que non tomaban os lobos ou a camada delles leuando mays que deuian et agraueando as gentes en como non deuian; por ende nos querendo y poer Remedio, ordinamos et mandamos que enna friigesía que ouuer XV friigeses ou mays poucos, se non tomaren lobo ou loba ou camada delles, ou non correren cada domaa con elles sen enganno segundo que e de custume des o primeyro sabado de quaresma ata dia de Sam Joham de Juyo, ou non fezeren o ffogio, que pagen X mrs.

1326, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 398:

Everyone must know, that since to us, lord friar Berenger de Landore, of the Order of the Preachers, by the grace of God archbishop of Santiago, master chaplain of the king and chancellor and master notary of the Kingdom of Leon, because of the great complaints and great outcry that they did in the parishes of our archbishopric, because of the large crimes, slanders and excesses by those who took and carried the fines of the parishes that did not took the wolves or their litters, taking more than what they ought to, and harming the people as they should not; hence, we, wanting to put a solution to this, order and command that in every parish where there are 15 parishioners or less, if they didn't took a wolf or litter of them, or they didn't run them away each week, without trickery, as is the custom since the first Saturday of Lent till Saint John's day of June, or they didn't built a trap, they shall pay 10 maravedis.


autoestrada

controlled-access highway
controlled-access highway

motorway (Britain, Ireland, New Zealand), freeway (Australia, Canada, US), highway (parts of the US), expressway (parts of Canada, parts of the US), controlled-access highway


castelán

gl-noun

castelán m (plural casteláns, feminine castelá, feminine plural castelás)

casteláns (plural)
castelá (feminine)
castelás (feminine plural)
castelao (alternative)
castelam (alternative)
castelão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese castelão, from Latin castellānus, corresponding to castelo + -án and Castela + -án. Compare Portuguese castelão.


castelán

castelao (alternative)
castelam (alternative)
castelão (alternative)


ataúde

From Old Galician-Portuguese ataude (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Arabic التَابُوت (at-tābūt). Compare Portuguese ataúde and Spanish ataúd.

a sua morte deuesmola leuar a Sobrado en ataude cum cubertura de IIj uaras destanforth uermello

1257, A. Martínez Salazar, editor, Documentos gallegos de los siglos XIII al XVI, A Coruña: Casa de la Misericordia, page 25:

at her death we must carry her to Sobrado in a coffin with a cover of two yards of red Stamford


baeta

From Old French bayette, from Old French bai (“bay-colored”). Compare Portuguese baeta and Spanish bayeta.

baize (a coarse woolen material with a long nap; usually dyed in plain colors)


pescozo

From Old Galician-Portuguese pescoço (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from post- (“after”) + *coccius (“nape”). Cognate with Portuguese pescoço and Spanish pescuezo.

Et o Cçide leuãtouse et tomou o leõ pelo pescoço, bẽ com̃o se fosse hũu alaao manso

c. 1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 582:

El Cid got up and took the lion by the scruff, as if he was a docile alaunt

1390, José Luís Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 4

and he was wearing a twisted twig of oak around his neck

et tragia ẽno pescoço hũa pertega de caruallo entorta


seguridade

[s̺e.ɣ̞u.ɾiˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

[s̺e.ɣ̞u.ɾiˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin sēcūritās, sēcūritātem. Equivalent to seguro + -idade.


bouba

Attested since circa 1846. Perhaps from Latin balbus. Compare Spanish bobo.

1886, in O Galiciano, 91, p. 3

"What you need", I reply, "is a good rod down your back; yo have always been a dissolute guy, and for having one more day of fun you are taking advantage of this hoax about the end of the world …"

O que a ti che compría ,repriquei, era unha boa vragasta polo lombo; sempre foches un perdido, e pra botar un día máis de pándega aporveitaste desa bouba da fin do mundo ...


bouba

Attested since circa 1750. From Medieval Latin būbō, from Ancient Greek βουβών (boubṓn, “groin, swelling”).


bulir

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese bolir, from Latin bullīre (“to bubble, boil”), from bulla (“bubble”).

c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 297

And being there you would hear the racket and the very high voices, and the uproar and restlessness of the people, and the neigh of the horses, and the sound of the horns and of the bugles, and all of this was a great wonder

Et aly oyriades a bolta et os braados moy grandes, et o rreboluer et o bolir das gentes, et o rrinchar dos caualos, et o sonar dos cornos et dos anafijs, que esto era hũa grã maravilla.


cacheira

salted pork head, consumed boiled with potatoes, greens and other meats


camareiro

gl-noun

camareiro m (plural camareiros, feminine camareira, feminine plural camareiras)

camareiros (plural)
camareira (feminine)
camareiras (feminine plural)

Attested since the 14th century. From Latin camerarius.


cambada

Attested since 1390. From camba (“bend”) + -ada.

Jtem ha en rriba de mar, açerqua d‘Entĩjns, ẽna flijglesía de Ssam Giaao de Casas, á tanta herdade de que dam onze quarteyrós ontre pam et froyta; conuẽ a ssaber: dous de nozes et de castañas et os outros de ceueyra et de millo et dúas canbadas de pescado et dous cabritos et quatro capões.

1390, Mª Luz Méndez Fernández (ed.), Contribución ó estudio dun libro das Tenzas da Catedral de Santiago. Edición crítica e estudio dos folios 1 a 27. Santiago: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, page 15

Item, in the seashore, near Entíns, in the parish of Saint Julian of Casas, there is a property that gives eleven quarters, counting corn and other products; that is: two of walnuts and chestnuts and another two of rye and millet, and two bunches of fish, and two kids and four capons

(collective) bunch of fishes, doughnuts, grapes, held in a bent twig


camboa

camboas (plural)
gamboa (alternative)
comboa (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, attested in Latin Middle Age local documents as combona, from a substrate Indo-European language, probably from Proto-Celtic *kumbā (“valley, basin”).

(historical) tidal fish-trap built with stone walls and stakes


canada

Attested since the 12th century in Medieval Latin documents. Either from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ (“can, tankard, mug, cup”), or from Latin canna (“canne”), and a suffix -ada. Cognate with English can, German Kanne.

der

dúas cabaaças de vjño de senllas medias canadas et quatro capões

1390, Mª Luz Méndez Fernández, editor, Contribución ó estudio dun libro das Tenzas da Catedral de Santiago, page 39:

two gourds of wine, each one containing half a canada, and four capons

(dated) A former liquid measure, usually of four cuartillos, especially used for wine and milk

dous picheles dstanno grandes et dous pequenos et duas canadas grandes

1373, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 191:

two large tin tankards and two small ones and two large jugs

a wooden or tin cylindrical jug, with spout and handle


candeeiro

Attested since the 13th century: candea + -eiro. Compare Portuguese candeeiro and Spanish candelero.

1459, A. López Carreira (ed.), Fragmentos de notarios, doc. D40a

Item, two iron candlesticks, a scrapper for bread, a basket with tablecloths

Iten dous candeiros de ferro, hun rello de rellar pan, hun qestella de mantees cobertoyras

Non sei qué xuncras traguía na moleira o Seor Pedro, que o vin no outro onte carreirando, como un neno, e axuntando aos seus veciños, pra que onde ao seu palleiro fosen axiña a agoardá-lo; Eu non sei si un formigueiro de vermes lle boligaban entre os miolos dos sesos, pois semellaba a un doente, pro casi arrincando os pelos de debaixo da monteira, sin ton, nin son, e sin xeito; Eu non sei qué lle proía, eu non sei, si tiña o demo; porque os folgos eran fogos e os ollos dous candeeiros, e a cara toda prigada, amostrando os seus chavellos coa boca de un palmo aberta, babexado o fuciñeiro, parecía un estraloxe, un estraloxe de un vello

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferrocarril Compostelano:

I don't know what damned thing was bringing in his head Mr. Pedro, whom I saw the day before yesterday running around, as a kid, and gathering his neighbours asking them to come swiftly to his barn and wait for him; I don't know if a colony of worms was scampering around the center of his brains, because he looked as a madman, almost pulling out the hair from under the hat, without rhyme of reason, and without care; I don't know what was itching him, I don't know if he was possessed by a demon; because his breath was fire and the eyes two lamps, and the face all folded, showing his fangs with mouth open wide, the snout drooling, he looked as a ravel, an old man's ravel


carreiro

Et hũu escudeyro do prior tornouse conas vacas per hũu carreyro apartado.

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 863:

A prior's squire turned back with the cows by a remote path


carreto

14th century. Back-formation from carretar.

que lle custara carreto de viinte e çinqo moyos de viño e de conposta que ouvo, a oyto barbudas cada moyo, que diso que montaron tres mill crusados

1371, Anselmo López Carreira (ed.), Documentos do arquivo da catedral de Ourense (1289-1399), doc. 381

[He said] that the transportation of 25 modii of wine and stewed must, that he had, at eight barbudas each modius, totalled three thousand cruzados

quando chamaren os outros caseiros para carreto de madeyras et de vinno ou de seruentia de pedras et de madeyra para obras de dito conuento

1418, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 91

whenever they call the other tenants for the carriage of wood and wine or for the service of stones and wood for works of the aforementioned abbey

(historical) communal mutual service for the transportation of the harvest, construction materials or other goods


chacina

15th century. Probably from Vulgar Latin *siccina (“dry (meat)”), from Latin siccus (“dry”). Cognate with Spanish cecina.


choupana

Unknown. Perhaps derived from Old French eschoppe (“booth, stall”) or from Middle English schoppe, from Proto-Germanic *skup- (“shed, stall”), and under the influence of cabana (“cabin”). Probably also related to Spanish chopa (“pilot's cabin aboard a boat”) and to Basque txopa (“stern”), themselves either from Latin puppis (“stern”) or borrowed from Galician-Portuguese.
Cognate of Portuguese choupana, probably also related to the Spanish of the Canary isles chupenco (“a poor house”).


malinterpretación

gl-noun

malinterpretación f (plural malinterpretacións)

From mal- + interpretación or malinterpretar + -ción.


ameaza

From Old Galician-Portuguese amẽaça, mẽaça, from Latin minācia, a noun based on mināx (“threatening”).


dianteira

dianteiras (plural)
deanteira (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese deanteira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from dianteiro.


competitividade

competitividade f (plural competitividades)


burbulla

burbullas (plural)
berbulla (alternative)
borbolla (alternative)

Back-formation from burbullar, from Vulgar Latin *bulbulliare, from Latin bulla (“bubble”). Cognate with Portuguese borbulha and Spanish burbuja.


gurgulla

gurgullas (plural)
gorgulla (alternative)

Blend of burbulla (“buble”) + gurgullón (“spring”).


xovenco

[ʃoˈβ̞eŋ.kʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese jovenco, from Latin iuvencus.

calf (young cow or bull) between one and three years


dúbida

[ˈd̪u.β̞i.ð̞ɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese dovida (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Deverbal from dubidar. Compare Portuguese dúvida and Spanish duda.


coidado

From Old Galician-Portuguese coidado, from Latin cōgitātus.


comunidade autónoma

gl-noun

comunidade autónoma f (plural comunidades autónomas)

autonomous community
autonomous community


xoia

First attested in c. 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese joya (independently attested in both corpora), from Old French joie, from joiel (modern joyau), from Vulgar Latin *jocale, from Latin jocus. Doublet of xoel.
Compare Portuguese joia and Spanish joya.

tomou Eliezer de suas joyas hũ par de serçelos douro

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 234:

Eliezer took a pair of golden earrings from among his jewels

jewel; ornament made with precious metals and/or gemstones


xoguete

From Old Galician-Portuguese joguete (13th century), a diminutive of xogo (“game”): xogo + -ete.


zume

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese çumo (circa 1300, General Estoria), from Arabic زُوم (zūm, “juice, sap”), from Ancient Greek ζωμός (zōmós). For the final -e, compare fume. Cognate with Asturian zume, Portuguese sumo and Spanish zumo.

inh+

os meus ollos cirrichan zume co as tuas burradas

1822, anonymous author, A parola polêteca:

my eyes are squirting juice with your nonsenses


fartura

Attested since the 14th century. From farto + -ura.

Et aquel poço cõ seu termyno ha [este] nome por tres rrazões: aprimeyra que Bersabee tanto quer dizer cõmo poço [de] fartura, por que Agar et Ysmael beberõ del et fartarõse; asegunda he que Bersabee tanto quer mostrar ẽno ebrayco, segundo dizẽ Jeronymo et mẽestre Pedro, cõmo poço de sete, por que Abraã dou aly aquelas sete cordeyras aAbymalec em testemoyo da entrega que rreçebeo del; aterçeyra he outrossy que Bersabee tanto quer dizer cõmo poço de jura por que Abraã et Abymalec firmarõ aly seu amor et jurarõ; et avemos aqui dito que Bersabee ẽno ebrayco he por estas tres coussas: fartura, et [sete], et jura

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 223:

And that well with its territory has this names because of three reasons: the fist is that Beersheba means something such as well of abundance [satiety?], because Hagar and Ishmael drank from it and were sated; the second is that Beersheba is in Hebrew, according to Jerome and Master Peter, well of seven, because there Abraham gave Abimelech those seven ewe lambs; the third is also that Beersheba means something such as well of the oath, because Abraham and Abimelech confirmed there their friendship and swore; and so we have said here that Beersheba means in Hebrew these three things: abundance [satiety?], and seven, and oath


vidreira

window; set of panes of glass mounted together on a frame


descontaminación

gl-noun

descontaminación f (plural descontaminacións)


sobriño

sobriño m (plural sobriños, feminine sobriña, feminine plural sobriñas)

sobriños (plural)
sobriña (feminine)
sobriñas (feminine plural)
sobrín (alternative)
subriño (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sobrinho, from Latin sobrīnus (“maternal cousin”). Compare Portuguese sobrinho.


fillastro

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?] (compare regional Portuguese filhastro), from Late Latin fīliaster, fīliastrum, from Latin fīlius.


lucense

gl-noun

lucense m or f by sense (plural lucenses)

native or inhabitant of Lugo (usually male)


aparello

aparellos (plural)
aparelho (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aparello (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), back-formation from aparellar (“to equip”). Compare Portuguese aparelho, Spanish aparejo.

back-formation

foran en tomar aos mercadores e tauerneiros d'Arçúa et das Duas Casas viinte e hun roçín d'albardas con senos aparellos

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 357:

they went and took from the merchants and innkeepers of Arzúa and Dúas Casas twenty-one packsaddle nags with their respective tacks

1433, Ángel Rodríguez González & José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 53

my said clinker ship with the following gear, that is: three anchors and one grappling hook of iron, with their windlasses, and a hawser made of hemp and a new rope of esparto, and an old one also of esparto, with its set of sails, composed of three minor sails and a mainsail, with all the additional rigging

o dito meu trincado suso escripto, con estes aparellos seguintes, conven a saber: tres ancoras et hũu arpeo de ferro con seus eixos et hũa gindaresa de fio de canavo et hũu estrenque d'esparto novo et hũu estrenque vello d'esparto, et con seu treu que son tres monetas et hũu papafigo et con todos los outros seus aparellos

(nautical, frequently in the plural) rigging


cachote

[…], e de chachote mais miudo e menos labrado o interior, […]

1948, Revista de Guimarães, volumes 58-60, page 303:

[…] , and the interior of smaller and less worked stone, […]

a piece of stone used to build a dry-stone structure


devesa

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Late Latin [terra] dēfēnsa (“defended land”). Cognate with Portuguese, Occitan devesa and Spanish dehesa.

inh

Iten enna Morgan hun pedaso de devesa acerca do camino publico segun que parte per hum marqo que esta ao pee de hun carvallo grande que sou [son] nove carvallos entre grandes et pequenos

1447, María C. Sánchez Carrera, editor, El Bajo Miño en el siglo XV. El espacio y los hombres, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 328:

Item, in Morgan a piece of a devesa near the public way as it goes from a boundary stone at the feet of a large oak tree; and those are nine oak trees, large and small

Iba sempre a cabalo, pois tiña que andar máis de catro légoas por fragas, devesas e caborcos.

He always rode a horse, for he had to travel over four leagues through isolated forests, sparse woods and gullies.

a vast woodland, usually walled or fenced, whose trees are not very densely packed


muiñeira

Muíño (“mill”) + -eira, "(dance) of the mill".

Vexamos outra especie de muiñeira, o «Golpe».

1963, Actas do 1º congresso de etnografia e folclore, volume 2, Junta da Acção Social, page 135:

Let’s see another type of muiñeira, the “Golpe.”

a traditional dance and musical genre of Galicia, characterised by a 6/8 tempo, lively, choreographic dancing and the use of bagpipes


perponto

From Old Galician-Portuguese perponto (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), ultimately from Late Latin perpunctus.

Et el rrey d'Arangõ tragia hũu golpe de lança pelos peytos, et sayallj o algodõ do perponto, pero nõ chegara aa carne

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 752:

The king of Aragon brought a spear blow on the breast, and the cotton of the padding was getting out, but it didn't come to the flesh

(historical) pourpoint; padded jacket serving as an armour


acordanza

acordanzas (plural)
acordança (alternative)

[ɑ.koɾˈð̞an̪.θɐ]

[ɑ.koɾˈð̞an̪.θɐ]

First attested in the 18th century. From acordar (“to remember, to awake”) + -anza.

af

Eu quixera espricarlle ben craramente canto se folga ó meu corazon co á millor das novidades que teño visto na miña acordanza

1812, Ramón González Senra, Carta Recomendada:

I would like to explain to you very clearly how much do my heart rejoice with the best of the novelties I've seen in my life


argola

Attested circa 1300. From Arabic الغُلّ (al-ḡull, “the ring”).

Que o dito Lourenço, ferreiro, que faça seysçentos ferros de quatro pees en longo et de cada parte hua argolla grande et grosa [...] et que cada ferro teña as argollas ben saldadas, por que se algua das soldadoras falleçese, toda a obra se perdería.

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 437:

That the aforementioned Lourenzo, smith, must make six hundred iron items, each one four-feet long and having at both extremes a thick and large ring … and every item must have its rings correctly welded, because if any of the welds failed, the whole work would be lost.


mexada

(mildly vulgar) piss, and instance of pissing


tizón

tizóns (plural)
tiçom (alternative)
tição (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese tiçon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin tītiōnem, accusative singular of tītiō (“firebrand”). Cognate with Portuguese tição and Spanish tizón.

O feitizo está nos ollos
dua nena de Padron:
as nenas tamen feitizan
à os cregos da inquisicion.
Garridiñas, nos chegedes
a os que manexan tizós,
que a estopa cabe do fogo
e vos ua tentacion.

1813, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Rogos dun escolar gallego:

the charm is in the eyes
of a girl from Padrón:
the girls also charm
the priests of the Inquisition.
Beautiful ladies, don't come near
the ones who handle the brands,
because the tow by the fire
it's too much of a temptation.

a stick which is burning or smoldering; brand


esparaván

Attested since circa 1409. From Old French esparvain (French éparvin), from Frankish *sparwō, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sparwô, *sparwaz (“sparrow”).


ollada

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *oculāta, ultimately from Latin oculus (“eye”). Or by surface analysis, ollo (“eye”) + -ada (or from the verb ollar (“watch”)). Compare Portuguese olhada.

surf

Cando teñas vagar bótalle unha ollada

Whenever you have time take a look at this


tambo

From Latin thalamus, from Ancient Greek θάλαμος (thálamos, “inner room”). Doublet of tálamo.

der

Ano de oytenta e quatro, a oyto dias de agosto, ena Rúa Nova da çibdad d'Ourense, Fernán de Moure, mercador, e sua muller Lionor Gonçalues e seu fillo Afonso de Moure, que todos tres estaban presentes, moradores en Chantada, huus con liçençia dos outros e os outros dos outros, espeçialmente o dito Afonso de Moure, con liçençia e outorgamento e consentimiento dos ditos seus padre e madre, dou en arras e en pura doaçón a Elvira , filla de Afonso de Prado e de sua muller Elvira Fernandes que sya nóbea en tanbo, eno sotó das casas de Lopo de Deça, canónigo, que son ena dita Rúa Nova, por vyrgynidade do seu corpo, os lugares de Faluche, con seus caseyros e casas e herdades e términos

1484, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 184:

Year the eighty-four, eight days of August, in the Rúa Nova [New Street] of the city of Ourense, Fernán de Moure, merchant, and his wife Leonor González and their son Afonso de Moure, all the three present, inhabitants in Chantada, with mutual license, especially said Afonso de Moure with the license and grant and consent of said his father and his mother; he gave in dowry as pure donation to Elvira, daughter of Afonso de Prado and of his wife Elvira Fernández, being the bride in the (pre)nuptial chamber in the ground floor of the houses of Lopo de Deza, canon, which are in said Rúa Nova, for the virginity of her body, the hamlet of Faluche, with its tenants and houses and properties and limits

(obsolete) thalamus; nuptial or pre-nuptial chamber


siso

From Old Galician-Portuguese siso, from Latin sensus. Doublet of senso. Cognate with Portuguese siso and Spanish seso.

Eu donna Mayor Moniz jazendo doente de grave infirmidade en o corpo pero con todo meu siso et entendemento conprido …

1319, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 44

I, lady Maior Moniz, lying sick because of a serious illness of my body, but with all of my intellect and understanding …

sense, intellect, judgment, understanding, mind, wits


broa

broas (plural)
boroa (alternative)
brea (alternative)
brona (alternative)

Obscure. From Old Galician-Portuguese borõa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); cognate with Portuguese broa, Asturian boroña and Spanish borona. Possibly from Germanic *braudą (“bread”), as has been proposed, probably via Gothic *𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸 (*brauþ). Alternatively, perhaps from a Paleo-Hispanic. Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“spike, prickle”) (compare Welsh bara (“bread”), Old Norse barr (“corn, grain, barley”), Latin far (“spelt”), Serbo-Croatian бра̏шно/brȁšno ‘flour’, Albanian bar (“grass”), Ancient Greek Φήρον (Phḗron, “plant deity”)).

unk

Obscure

cog

non pode querer ó noso Rey que lle paguemos un carto polo neto do viño, que non podemos vender á ochavo. Os probes non comemos mais ca un pouco de pan, ou bróa ruin, e unhas berzas sin adubo. Si nos quita a pinga do viño, ¿que forza emos ter para traballar as terras?

1805, anonymous, Representación dos veciños da Pontedeva (in Ramón Mariño Paz, 2008, Papés d'emprenta condenada. A escrita galega entre 1797 e 1846, page 21-23)

our King can't pretend that we pay a quarter by each pint of wine [we consume], when we can't even sell it for half a quarter. We the poor people eat but a little of bread, or bad black bread, and some greens without seasoning. If He takes this little wine, what strength we'll have left for working the lands?

black bread, cornbread: bread made of rye, millet and maize


candea

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese candea, from Latin candēla. Doublet of candil.
Cognate with Portuguese candeia and Spanish candela.


nacemento

Attested since the 14th century (naçemento, nasçemento). From nacer + -mento. Compare Portuguese nascimento and Spanish nacimiento.


caxato

caxatos (plural)
caxado (alternative)
caxata (alternative)

Attested since 1390 (cajado). From Latin caia. Compare Portuguese cajado and Spanish cayado.

Rrulan leuaua na mão un moy boo paao rretorto com̃o cajado cõ que dou a el todo o dia moy grãdes feridas

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117:

Roland carried in his hand an excellent staff twisted as a crook with which he delivered very large wounds all day long

Este vos digo eu que foi / Pastor ben feyto, è dereyto, / Que traìa seu cajado,

1697, Juan Correa Mendoza, Romanze Gallego:

This I tell you was a well formed shepherd, and a straight one, who brought his crook


polgar

From Old Galician-Portuguese polegar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin pollicāris, from pollex. Compare Portuguese polegar, Spanish pulgar.


matapiollos

From mata (“kills”) + piollos (“lice”). Compare Asturian matapioyos, Venetan masapeoci.


atril

Borrowed from Spanish atril, from earlier latril, from Late Latin lectorile, from Latin lēctor (“reader”).

a stand for holding books, papers, etc.; music stand; bookstand


pequeniño

pequeniños (plural)
piquinín (alternative)
piquiniño (alternative)

Attested since 1264 (Cantigas de Santa Maria). From pequeno (“small”) + -iño (“diminutive/affective suffix”).


inxustiza

inxustizas (plural)
injustiça (alternative)


xustiza

From Old Galician-Portuguese justiça, borrowed from Latin iūstitia, jūstitia. Cf. also xusteza.


xugular

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin or Scientific Latin iugularis, jugularis, from Latin iugulum.


entendemento

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese entendemento (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): entender (“to understand”) + -mento. Compare Portuguese entendimento and Spanish entendimiento.

I, lady Maior Moniz, lying sick because of a serious illness of my body, but with all of my intellect and good judgement …


áncora

áncoras (plural)
âncora (alternative)
angla (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese ancora (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ancora, a probable borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura). Cognate with Portuguese âncora, Spanish ancla.

con estes aparellos seguintes, conven a saber: tres ancoras et hũu arpeo de ferro con seus eixos et hũa gindaresa de fio de canavo

1433, Ángel Rodríguez González & José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 53

with the following gear, that is: three anchors and one grappling hook of iron, with their windlasses, and a hawser made of hemp


deterioración

Learned borrowing from Latin dēteriōrātiōnem.


antifeminismo

antifeminism (any belief antagonistic to feminism)


posguerra

posguerras (plural)
pós-guerra (alternative)


aresta

From Latin arista. Doublet of arista, which was borrowed.

acababannos con todo canto tiñamos sin deixârnos nin un-a aresta

1820, anonymous author, Diálogo entre Dominjos è Farruco:

they ended with everything we had and didn't leave us not even an awn

awn, arista (the bristle or beard of barley, oats, grasses, etc.)


póla

Probably from *punulla, *pululla, metathesis/dissimilation from Latin pullula (“sprout, twig”).

E d’os castaños esgazando as pòlas;
Abranguía aromáticos cencenos.

1845, Francisco Añón, Recordos da infancia:

And from the chestnut trees, tearing off the branches,
she picked aromatic tassels.


buxeo

gl-noun

buxeo m (plural buxeos, feminine buxea, feminine plural buxeas)

buxeos (plural)
buxea (feminine)
buxeas (feminine plural)
buxeu (alternative)

Borrowed from Old French bouchier (“goat slaughterer”), from Old French bouc (“goat”), of Germanic origin. Cognate with English butcher.


malado

gl-noun

malado m (plural malados, feminine malada, feminine plural maladas)

malados (plural)
malada (feminine)
maladas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese malado, attested in local High Medieval Latin charters as mallato; ultimately from Proto-Germanic *maþlą (“gathering”), perhaps through Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl, “market”).


galegofalante

galegofalante m or f by sense (plural galegofalantes)

From galego (“Galician”) + falante (“speaker”).


esmola

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese esmolna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin eleēmosyna, from Ancient Greek ἐλεημοσύνη (eleēmosúnē). Cognate with Portuguese esmola and Spanish limosna. Cognate with English alms.

inh+

1340, C. Rodríguez Núñez (ed.) (1989): "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 481

the very poor ones, who have nothing to sustain themselves save for the alms and help of the good Christians

muy pobres que non han de que se manteer sen as esmolas et aiudas dos boos cristaos

Ahi vay esa esmoliña
p'rá à virxen à empregà
que che lla dou de boa mentes;
¡cantè quen poidera mais!

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

There it goes this little alms,
Apply it to the Virgin
because I give it to her willingly
If only I could give more!


fouce

fouces (plural)
foi (alternative)
fouz (alternative)
fouza (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fouce (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin falcem, from Proto-Indo-European *dhalk-, *dhalg- (“a cutting tool”). Cognate with Portuguese foice, Asturian foz, Spanish hoz, Catalan falç.

a strong sickle usually provided with a large handle


coita

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coita, from coitar, from Vulgar Latin *cōctare, from Latin coactus (“forced”). Compare Portuguese coita and Spanish cuita.

Et cõ grã coyta que auía, metíose sobre mar, cõ grandes cõpañas, porlo yr buscar, et tãto singlarõ, a rremos et a treu, ata que chegarõ alý hu el iazía soterrado

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 731:

With great grief, he went into the sea with a large army, for searching for him, and they navigated for a long time, on oars and sails, until they arrived there where he was buried

Xa non iremos mais po-los roleiros
en compaña amorosa áas moras, non.
Nin baixo dos follosos ameneiros
as coitas che direi do corazon.

We'll no longer go by the hedges
in loving company [searching] for blackberries, no.
Nor under the leafy alders
the afflictions of the heart I'll tell you.


farrapo

Cognate with Portuguese farrapo, Spanish harapo and French friper; from farpar or harpar "to tear", ultimately of onomatopoeic or Germanic origin.

Estóu debendo na tenda
A chamarra que hoje trago
E o somonte dos calzós
Que ja estan feitos farrapos;

1845, Vicente Turnes, Diálogo entre Silvestre Cajaraville e Domingo Magariños:

I owe to the shop
the coat I wear today
and the cloth of the pants,
which are already in tatters

(usually in the plural) cord (of a bagpipe)


zoco

From Latin soccus (“slipper”). Cognate with English sock.

Palurdos que vos vestides,
Como eu, de sayo de lá,
Polainas, zocos, monteira,
E un bo baloco na man

1820, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Os servís e os liberás:

Rustics that wear,
as myself, with a woolen robe,
gaiters, clogs, cap
and a good staff in hand

traditional leather boot with wooden sole, clog


zoco

From Spanish zoco, from Arabic سُوق (sūq). Doublet of azougue.


arqueta

Attested since circa 1300; from arca (“box”) + -eta.

os portaes erã fortes, et as entradas auesas, et as saeteyras moytas, et as arquetas moytas et de moytas guisas et per çima dos andámeos

1370, R. Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana. A Coruña: Fundación "Pedro Barrié de la Maza, Conde de Fenosa", page 595

the gates were strong, and the entries unfavorable, and arrowslits many, and the bretèches many and made in many ways and upon the hoardings

Outrosi llj presentou muytos panos d'ouro et de seda, dos que fazẽ en Tartaria, et çẽ libras de mirra et de balsamo en hũa arqueta d'ouro, das que fazẽ en Tartaria.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 642:


farrapa

farrapas (plural)
cerrapo (alternative)
farrampa (alternative)
zarrapo (alternative)

From farrapo, ultimately of onomatopoeic or Germanic origin.


gafo

gl-noun

gafo m (plural gafos, feminine gafa, feminine plural gafas)

gafos (plural)
gafa (feminine)
gafas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese gafo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Either from gafa (“hook”), from Old Occitan gafar (“to grab”); or from Arabic.


crenza

From Old Galician-Portuguese creença (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin crēdentia (compare French croyance), from Latin crēdēns.


dispositivo intrauterino

dispositivo intrauterino m (plural dispositivos intrauterinos)

dispositivos intrauterinos (plural)
as DIU (abbreviation)


dispositivos intrauterinos

dispositivo intrauterino
dispositivo intrauterino#Galician


suízo

suízo m (plural suízos, feminine suíza, feminine plural suízas)

suízos (plural)
suíza (feminine)
suízas (feminine plural)


xordano

xordano m (plural xordanos, feminine xordana, feminine plural xordanas)

xordanos (plural)
xordana (feminine)
xordanas (feminine plural)
jordano (alternative)


dinamarqués

dinamarqués m (plural dinamarqueses, feminine dinamarquesa, feminine plural dinamarquesas)

dinamarqueses (plural)
dinamarquesa (feminine)
dinamarquesas (feminine plural)
dinamarquês (alternative)


belizense

belizense m or f by sense (plural belizenses)


güianés

güianés m (plural güianeses, feminine güianesa, feminine plural güianesas)

güianeses (plural)
güianesa (feminine)
güianesas (feminine plural)


paraguaio

paraguaio m (plural paraguaios, feminine paraguaia, feminine plural paraguaias)

paraguaios (plural)
paraguaia (feminine)
paraguaias (feminine plural)


eumés

eumés m (plural eumeses, feminine eumesa, feminine plural eumesas)

eumeses (plural)
eumesa (feminine)
eumesas (feminine plural)
eumês (alternative)

native or inhabitant of Pontedeume (usually male)


guipuscoano

guipuscoano m (plural guipuscoanos, feminine guipuscoana, feminine plural guipuscoanas)

guipuscoanos (plural)
guipuscoana (feminine)
guipuscoanas (feminine plural)

Gipuzkoan (native or inhabitant of Gipuzkoa) (usually male)


parisiense

parisiense m or f by sense (plural parisienses)


xeorxiano

xeorxiano m (plural xeorxianos, feminine xeorxiana, feminine plural xeorxianas)

xeorxianos (plural)
xeorxiana (feminine)
xeorxianas (feminine plural)
georgiano (alternative)


xibraltareño

xibraltareño m (plural xibraltareños, feminine xibraltareña, feminine plural xibraltareñas)

xibraltareños (plural)
xibraltareña (feminine)
xibraltareñas (feminine plural)
gibraltarenho (alternative)


nicaraguano

nicaraguano m (plural nicaraguanos, feminine nicaraguana, feminine plural nicaraguanas)

nicaraguanos (plural)
nicaraguana (feminine)
nicaraguanas (feminine plural)


cambodjano

cambodjano m (plural cambodjanos, feminine cambodjana, feminine plural cambodjanas)

cambodjanos (plural)
cambodjana (feminine)
cambodjanas (feminine plural)


malaisiano

malaisiano m (plural malaisianos, feminine malaisiana, feminine plural malaisianas)

malaisianos (plural)
malaisiana (feminine)
malaisianas (feminine plural)


maldivano

maldivano m (plural maldivanos, feminine maldivana, feminine plural maldivanas)

maldivanos (plural)
maldivana (feminine)
maldivanas (feminine plural)


srilankés

srilankés m (plural srilankeses, feminine srilankesa, feminine plural srilankesas)

srilankeses (plural)
srilankesa (feminine)
srilankesas (feminine plural)


turcomán

turcomán m (plural turcománs, feminine turcomá, feminine plural turcomás)

turcománs (plural)
turcomá (feminine)
turcomás (feminine plural)
turcomam (alternative)
turcomão (alternative)


turcomán

turcomam (alternative)
turcomão (alternative)


marsellés

marsellés m (plural marselleses, feminine marsellesa, feminine plural marsellesas)

marselleses (plural)
marsellesa (feminine)
marsellesas (feminine plural)
marselhês (alternative)

native or inhabitant of Marseille (usually male)


tuvalés

tuvalés m (plural tuvaleses, feminine tuvalesa, feminine plural tuvalesas)

tuvaleses (plural)
tuvalesa (feminine)
tuvalesas (feminine plural)


alxeriano

alxeriano m (plural alxerianos, feminine alxeriana, feminine plural alxerianas)

alxerianos (plural)
alxeriana (feminine)
alxerianas (feminine plural)
algeriano (alternative)


burkinense

burkinense m or f by sense (plural burkinenses)


djibutiano

djibutiano m (plural djibutianos, feminine djibutiana, feminine plural djibutianas)

djibutianos (plural)
djibutiana (feminine)
djibutianas (feminine plural)


exipcio

exipcio m (plural exipcios, feminine exipcia, feminine plural exipcias)

exipcios (plural)
exipcia (feminine)
exipcias (feminine plural)
egípcio (alternative)


marfilés

marfilés m (plural marfileses, feminine marfilesa, feminine plural marfilesas)

marfileses (plural)
marfilesa (feminine)
marfilesas (feminine plural)


nixeriano

nixeriano m (plural nixerianos, feminine nixeriana, feminine plural nixerianas)

nixerianos (plural)
nixeriana (feminine)
nixerianas (feminine plural)
nigeriano (alternative)


nixerino

nixerino m (plural nixerinos, feminine nixerina, feminine plural nixerinas)

nixerinos (plural)
nixerina (feminine)
nixerinas (feminine plural)
nigerino (alternative)


santomense

santomense m or f by sense (plural santomenses)


surafricano

surafricano m (plural surafricanos, feminine surafricana, feminine plural surafricanas)

surafricanos (plural)
surafricana (feminine)
surafricanas (feminine plural)


tunisiano

tunisiano m (plural tunisianos, feminine tunisiana, feminine plural tunisianas)

tunisianos (plural)
tunisiana (feminine)
tunisianas (feminine plural)


xavanés

xavanés m (plural xavaneses, feminine xavanesa, feminine plural xavanesas)

xavaneses (plural)
xavanesa (feminine)
xavanesas (feminine plural)
javanês (alternative)


pachorra

Attested since 1807. Probably onomatopoeic.

disque gasta moita flema, pachorra; non toma prisa por cousa que lle encomenden

1807, anonymous author, Primeiro diálogo dos esterqueiros:

they say that he uses much phlegm, pachorra; he is in no hurry no matter what he is asked to do


pexa

From an older *peja, from Vulgar Latin *pedea, from Latin pedem (“foot”). Cognate with Portuguese peia.

hobble; fetter (an object used to bind a person or animal – often by its legs)

(figurative) impediment, fetter (anything that restricts or restrains)


piemontés

piemontés m (plural piemonteses, feminine piemontesa, feminine plural piemontesas)

piemonteses (plural)
piemontesa (feminine)
piemontesas (feminine plural)
piemontês (alternative)


picardo

picardo m (plural picardos, feminine picarda, feminine plural picardas)

picardos (plural)
picarda (feminine)
picardas (feminine plural)


mirandés

mirandés m (plural mirandeses, feminine mirandesa, feminine plural mirandesas)

mirandeses (plural)
mirandesa (feminine)
mirandesas (feminine plural)
mirandês (alternative)


estremeño

estremeño m (plural estremeños, feminine estremeña, feminine plural estremeñas)

estremeños (plural)
estremeña (feminine)
estremeñas (feminine plural)
estremenho (alternative)


pechadura

Attested since the 14th century. From pechar (“to lock”) + -dura.

Iten vimos quatro arcas para pan, das quaes quatro damos en partiçon aa dita Maria do Mato duas en que posemos signaes apar das pechaduras.

1372, A. López Carreira (ed.), Documentos do arquivo da catedral de Ourense (1289-1399), doc. 384

Item, we saw four arks for grain, of which we give in partition to said María do Mato two in which we put signals by the locks


neada

From Latin nīdus (“nest”), from Proto-Italic *nizdos (“nest”), from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”).


petulancia

petulancias (plural)
petulância (alternative)

From Latin petulantia. Cognate with Spanish petulancia and Portuguese petulância.


santiagués

santiagués m (plural santiagueses, feminine santiaguesa, feminine plural santiaguesas)

santiagueses (plural)
santiaguesa (feminine)
santiaguesas (feminine plural)
santiaguês (alternative)

Santiago de Compostela
w:Santiago de Compostela

native or inhabitant of Santiago de Compostela (usually male)


herdanza

herdanzas (plural)
herdança (alternative)

Attested since the 15th century. Blend of herdar + herança, older form of this term attested since the 14th century.

legacy; heritage (something passed down from preceding generations)

inheritance (that which a person is entitled to inherit)


donostiarra

donostiarra m or f by sense (plural donostiarras)

From Basque donostiar, relating to or an inhabitant of Donostia (“San Sebastián”).


conxunto

group, collection (number of things in relation to one another)


dimisión

dimisións (plural)
demisión (alternative)
demissom (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin dīmissiōnem (“dīmissiōnem”).


prestación

prestacións (plural)
prestaçom (alternative)
prestação (alternative)


alxaba

[ɑlʲˈʃa.β̞ɐ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aljava, borrowed from Arabic جَعْبَة (jaʕba).


segregación

segregacións (plural)
segregaçom (alternative)
segregação (alternative)

/seɡɾɛɡaˈθjoŋ/

[s̺e.ɣ̞ɾɛ.ɣ̞ɑˈθjoŋ]

/seɡɾɛɡaˈθjoŋ/

[s̺e.ɣ̞ɾɛ.ɣ̞ɑˈθjoŋ]

/seħɾɛħaˈθjoŋ/

[s̺e.ħɾɛ.ħɑˈθjoŋ]


infiltración

infiltracións (plural)
infiltraçom (alternative)
infiltração (alternative)


roqueiro

gl-noun

roqueiro m (plural roqueiros, feminine roqueira, feminine plural roqueiras)

roqueiros (plural)
roqueira (feminine)
roqueiras (feminine plural)

rocker (someone passionate about rock music)


roqueiro

strap that secures the fibres on the distaff


lamentación

lamentacións (plural)
lamentaçom (alternative)
lamentação (alternative)


lanceta

Attested since 1409. From Old French lancete.


largueza

[laɾˈɣ̞e.θɐ]

[laɾˈɣ̞e.θɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese largueza: from largo (“generous, broad”) + -eza.

et largueza cõtra avariçia, et omildade cõtra a soberbea, et castidade cõtra a luxuria

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 88:

and largesse against avarice, and humbleness against haughtiness, and chastity against lust


estimulación

Learned borrowing from Latin stimulātiōnem.


cántaro

13th century. From Latin cantharus (“cantharus”), from Ancient Greek κάνθαρος (kántharos, “cantharus”).


alcume

From Arabic الكُنْيَة (al-kunya, “surname”). Compare Portuguese alcunha.


alcuño

alcuños (plural)
alcume (alternative)
alcunho (alternative)

From Arabic الكُنْيَة (al-kunya, “surname”).


desenvolvemento

gl-noun

desenvolvemento m (plural desenvolvementos)


perfeccionamento

perfeccionamento m (plural perfeccionamentos)


humanización

humanization (act, process of making more human)


verbalización

verbalization (act, process of verbalizing)


botafumeiro

From botar (“to throw”) + fume (“smoke”) + -eiro.


semellanza

From Old Galician-Portuguese semellança, equivalent to semellar + -anza. Compare Portuguese semelhança, Spanish semejanza, Catalan semblança, French ressemblance (Old French semblance), Italian somiglianza.

Quando aquel Ihesus, meu señor, ya por la terras preegar, eu avia de moy grãde amor et soydade de veer a sua façe et quigi mãdar pintar a semelança do seu rrostro, que era a mays fremosa criatura do mũdo, en hũu pano por fillar cõ ela prazer et cõforto quando o vise; et querendoo fazer cõteyllo todo, et el pediome o pano et posoo ẽna sua cara et doumo encayado cõ tal figura cal era o seu santo rrostro;

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 47:

When that Jesus, my Lord, was going about the lands preaching, I had, because of how big was my love, longing for seeing His face; and I wanted to order a paint in the likeness of His face, which was the most beautiful creation in the world, in a cloth, for having joy and confort whenever I saw it; and wanting to do it I told him, and He asked me for the cloth, put it on His face and gave it back to me stuck with a figure that was no other than His holy face;


muxe

muxes (plural)
muxel (alternative)
muxo (alternative)

Back-formation from the plural muxes, itself from the medieval mugees, from mugel, from Latin mūgil.

Iten a libra dos corvelos et mugees et robalos et robaliças et reos et vesugos et douradas … a quatro dineiros cada libra

1417, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 75

Item, the pound of young pollacks and of mullets and of basses and of young basses and of sea trouts and of seabreams and of gilt-head breams …, four diñeiros each pound


misioneiro

missionary (person who travels attempting to spread a religion)


crego

Attested since the 13th century. From the dissimilation of crerigo, a semi-learned borrowing from Late Latin clēricus, from Ancient Greek κληρικός (klērikós, “(adj. in church jargon) of the clergy”). See also the doublet clérigo.

der

ante mi Johan Gonçales, crego de Lugo e bigario de moyto onrrado padre e sennor don Johan, por la graçia de Deus, obispo desse lugar

1345, José-Luis Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), page 284:

before me, Johan Gonçales, priest of Lugo and vicar of the very honoured father and lord Don Johan, by the Grace of God, bishop of that place

A fazenda do crego, da a Deus, e leua a o demo

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes o proverbios en romance:

The possessions of the priest are given by God, and taken by the devil

Eu non vin tal entremés: que a un crego lle fagan ter unha freira por muller.

1617, Martín Torrado, Santo da Barba Dourada:

Never I've seen such a thing: that a priest is obliged to take a nun for his wife


compañeiro

gl-noun

compañeiro m (plural compañeiros, feminine compañeira, feminine plural compañeiras)

compañeiros (plural)
compañeira (feminine)
compañeiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese companneiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from compaña (“troop, army”) + -eiro (“-er”); from Late Latin companiō, a calque from Germanic: compare Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰 (gahlaiba, “messmate”), Old High German galeipo, from Proto-Germanic *ga- (“together”) + *hlaibaz (“loaf, bread”).

It. mando a meus señores et compañeyros os cardeas que ora sson a cada huun dez mrs. que me rrecomenden en suas oraçoes

1387, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 417:

Item, I bequeath my lords and colleagues, the cardinals [of Saint James] that are at the momment, ten maravedis each one for them to commend me in their prayings


estorniño

estorniños (plural)
estornillo (alternative)

13th century. From a diminutive (with -iño) of Latin sturnus. Cognate with Portuguese estorninho and Spanish estornino.


vilancico

From Spanish villancico, from villano (“peasant”), from Medieval Latin vīllānus (“villager”).

(music, poetry) villancico (traditional Spanish or Portuguese folk song)


arao

araos (plural)
araxo (alternative)
aro (alternative)

Spanish: arao

Uncertain. Perhaps from Old French hairon (French héron). Cognate with Portuguese arau.

Fratercula arctica
Fratercula arctica#Translingual


florentino

florentino m (plural florentinos, feminine florentina, feminine plural florentinas)

florentinos (plural)
florentina (feminine)
florentinas (feminine plural)


centro comercial

centro comercial m (plural centros comerciais)


centros comerciais

centro comercial
centro comercial#Galician


Apocalipse

Attested since the 14th century (apocalise); from Latin apocalypsis. Compare Portuguese apocalipse and Spanish apocalipsis.

hũu liuro apocalisy scripto en purgameo e cuberto de cuberturas de táuõas cubertas de coyro uermello con pregos grandes, o qual liuro era scripto em bõa létera formada e con pinturas

1396, A. Cabana Outeiro, editor, O Tombo H da catedral de Santiago. Documentos anteriores a 1397, Valga: Concello de Valga, page 138:

a book of Revelation written on parchment and covered with covers made of boards covered with red leather, with large sheets, and the mentioned book is written with good well formed letter and with paintings

(biblical, religion) the book of Revelation

(biblical, religion) Apocalypse (the end of the world)


cabicha

butt (remnant of a smoked cigarette or cigar)


abelheiro

abelheiros (plural)
abelheira (feminine)
abelheiras (feminine plural)


abetouro

From Old Galician-Portuguese betouro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from the same origin that Old French butor, from Vulgar Latin *butitaurus, from Latin būtiō (“bittern”) + taurus (“bull”), apparently because of its call.

Botaurus stellaris
Botaurus stellaris#Translingual


transubstanciación

transubstanciación f (plural transubstanciacións)


solaz

From Old Galician-Portuguese solaz (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old Occitan solatz, from Latin sōlācium.

Ay, meu fillo, alegria do meu curaçõ, lume dos meus ollos, solaz da mjna velleçe!

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I. E. O. P. F, page 481:

Woe! My son, joy of my heart, light of my eyes, solace of my old age!


arlequín

arlequíns (plural)
arlequim (alternative)


euroescéptico

euroescéptico m (plural euroescépticos, feminine euroescéptica, feminine plural euroescépticas)

euroescépticos (plural)
euroescéptica (feminine)
euroescépticas (feminine plural)


xubilación

Learned borrowing from Latin iūbilātiōnem.


alarmismo

alarmism (production of needless alarms)


alcatifa

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese alcatiffa, from Arabic القَطِيفَة (al-qaṭīfa). First attested in 1493. Compare Catalan catifa.

inh+

carpet (a fabric used as a floor covering)


almofariz

(countable) mortar (vessel used to grind ingredients)


amieiro

From older ameeyro, from a substrate language's *ameno ("alder") + -eiro, a suffix which forms tree names; compare the related terms Amial from Amenālem and Amedo from Amenētum. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European.

Alnus glutinosa
Alnus glutinosa#Translingual

an de dar dosentos madeiros de castaño ou de ameyro, de dez cóbedos en longo cada huun

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 413:

They shall give two hundred logs of chestnut or of black alder, ten cubits long each one


padrón

gl-noun

padrón m (plural padróns, feminine padroa, feminine plural padroas)

padróns (plural)
padroa (feminine)
padroas (feminine plural)
padrom (alternative)
padrão (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese padron, from Latin patrōnus (“protector, patron”). Doublet of patrón.


padrón

padróns (plural)
padrom (alternative)
padrão (alternative)

census, or any other similar nominal relation


padrón

Perhaps a blend of pedra (“stone”) and a term from a substrate language. A Late Latin derived term Petroneto is already attested in the 6th century.

Iten, Aluaro Gomes, morador en Tamageelos, diso e respondeo aa dita carta descomoyón que o dito término que ya por los ditos padroós de Boyroaá, et que suyan de seer dous padroós dereitos et ten hun deles hua crus et o outro, que jas en terra, soya destar dereito, et de aqueles marcos que se ya dereito o dito término ao padrón da Veyga, et de aly vayse dereito ao monte do Ladaayro, á outro marco que está eno dito monte en hua peneda que tem hua crus, et de aly vayse aos marcos de Quiçaás, et desto que se acordaua des os engreses

1451, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 131:

Item, Álvaro Gómez, who lives in Tamaguelos, said and answered this excommunication letter that the limit went by these standing stones of Boiroá, which used to be two standing stones, and one of them has a cross, and the other, which now lies on the ground, used to be standing; and from these landmarks the limit went straight to the standing stone of Veiga, and from there it went straight to the hill of Ladairo, to another landmark which is in that hill, in an outcrop which has a cross, and from there it goes to the landmarks of Quizás; and that he remembered this from the time of the Englishmen [the army of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and pretender to the crown of Castille, which was in Galicia in 1386-7]

(historical) landmark, standing stone, milestone


outeiro

outeiros (plural)
aiteiro (alternative)
eiteiro (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese outeiro, attested since the 9th century as Medieval Latin autarium, auctarium, probably from Latin altārium, from Latin altus (“high”) (compare outo, Montouto (“High-Mount”)). Cognate with Portuguese outeiro and Spanish otero. Cf. also altar.


eito

From Old Galician-Portuguese (the derived term a eito is already attested since the 13th century), from Latin ictus (“blow”).

(agriculture) each one of the portions in which a field is divided to be mown, hoed or harvested; also, each one of these works


feila

feilas (plural)
ceila (alternative)
freila (alternative)


canga

From Gaulish *cambica "bent log", derivative of cambos (“twisted, crooked”), from Proto-Celtic *kambos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kh₂emb- (“to bend, curve”). Compare Occitan chambijo (“plough beam”).

der

yoke (frame for joining oxen by the neck)

part of the yoke that surrounds the neck of the ox

any similar gorget or collar used to impede access of animals to gardens or orchards


aparcacoches

gl-noun

aparcacoches m or f by sense (invariable)

parking lot attendant
parking lot attendant

valet, parking attendant (US), parking lot attendant (person employed to park cars)


masaxista

masaxista m or f by sense (plural masaxistas)


xantar

xantares (plural)
jantar (alternative)
xentar (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese jantar, from Latin ientāre. Cognate with Portuguese jantar, Asturian xintar and Spanish yantar.

O que ben almorza escusa o xantar

He who eats a good breakfast does not need dinner.

bou correndo pola posta, s'acho jantar que comer, qu'ainda a tarde ei de esparjer unha gran pilla de bosta

1671, Gabriel Feijoo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

I'm running for the loaf, if I find lunch to eat, because yet this afternoon I ought to spread a large pile of dung

(historical) a food contribution or tax paid to a visiting lord or lord's representative


doenza

From Old Galician-Portuguese doença (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin dolentia. Cognate with Spanish dolencia and Portuguese doença.

Sabbean quantos esta carta de Testamento uiren Como eu Tereiga gil ffilla de Gil ffernadez que fuy moller de Nuno ffernandez moradeira ena uilla de milmanda jazendo doente de qual doença deus teuo por ben de me dar pero con todo meu ssiso conprido et con toda miña memoria ben acordada...

1340, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 414:

Everyone seeing this testament charter must know how I Tereixa Xil, daughter of Xil Fernández, wife of later Nuno Fernández, dweller in the town of Milmanda, lying ill with this illness that God sent me, but with all of my wits and with all of my memory...


agoireiro

agoireiro m (plural agoireiros, feminine agoireira, feminine plural agoireiras)

agoireiros (plural)
agoireira (feminine)
agoireiras (feminine plural)

14th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese agoyreyro, from agoiro. Cognate with Portuguese agoureiro and Spanish agorero.


lagartixa

[lɑ.ɣ̞ɑɾˈt̪i.ʃɐ]

[lɑ.ɣ̞ɑɾˈt̪i.ʃɐ]

[lɑ.ħɑɾˈt̪i.ʃɐ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lagartixa, borrowed from Old Spanish lagartixa, from lagarto + -ixo.


penedo

que o dicto martin bezerra e a sua moller façan tirar et derribar todos los penedos et pedras de mota que estan cabo da dicta casa sobre la terra os que poderen tirar con palancos de ferro et de madeyro et a maos de omes et que os tiren da mota et que os lançen contra o rrio et façan a mota chaa

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 557:

the aforementioned Martin Becerra and his wife should order the toppling of every boulder and every stone of the motte which is by the aforementioned house, with iron levers, and wood levers, and by the hands of men; they should be removed from the motte and thrown into the river, and they should flatten the motte


insua

From the earlier ynsoa, from Old Galician-Portuguese insua, inssoa, from Latin īnsula (“island”). Cognate with Portuguese ínsua and Spanish isla.

islet, eyot, holm; peninsula; place totally or partially surrounded by rivers and waters


bruneta

Attested since the 13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Old French brunete.


berenxena

berenxenas (plural)
berinxela (alternative)
beringela (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Dravidian *waẓVtVder.
Sanskrit वातिङ्गण (vātiṅgaṇa)bor.
Classical Persian بَاذِنْگَان (bāzingān)bor.
Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān)bor.
Old Galician-Portuguese berengenha
Galician berenxena
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese berengenha, borrowed from Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), borrowed from Classical Persian بَاذِنْگَان (bāzingān), borrowed from Sanskrit वातिङ्गण (vātiṅgaṇa), from Proto-Dravidian *waẓVtV. Compare Portuguese beringela and Spanish berenjena.


cadeirado

[…], así como o cadeirado do mosteiro de Montederramo (160–8), […]

1998, Ofelia Rey Castelao, A Galicia clássica e barroca, Galaxia, page 290:

[…] , as well as the chairs of Montederramo monastery (160–8), […]

a building or room’s set of chairs or pews


mainel

From Old French *meienel, from Vulgar Latin *medianellus, from Latin mediānus (“middle, central”). Cognate of French meneau, Catalan mainell.


pelouro

From Old Galician-Portuguese (attested since 1261 as a nickname), perhaps from a local substrate language.


vincha

a dessert: a sweet bread pudding traditionally cooked inside a clean pork bladder


abdome

[aβ̞ˈð̞ɔ.mɪ]


coresma

From Old Galician-Portuguese quareesma (independently attested in both corpora)~quaraesma, from Latin quadrāgēsima (“the fortieth part; Lent”), substantivization of quadrāgēsimus (“fortieth”). Compare Portuguese quaresma.


mouta

Unknown. Cognate with Portuguese moita, probably from Paleo-Hispanic.

hillock or lump of land topped with bushes or grass


vergoña

vergoñas (plural)
vergonza (alternative)
vergonha (alternative)

[beɾˈɣ̞o.ɲɐ]

[beɾˈɣ̞o.ɲɐ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese vergonna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *verecunnia, from Latin verecundia.

It. mando que den de comer a dez homes et molleres pobres de vergona en esta casa do dia que eu finare ata XV dias

1387, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 418:

Item, I order that they shall feed ten shameful poor men and ten shameful poor women in this house from the day I die till 15 days

Ten vergoña e pídelles perdón.

Have some dignity and apologise to them.


tesoira

tesoiras (plural)
teseira (alternative)
tiseira (alternative)
tixeira (alternative)
tixoira (alternative)
texoira (alternative)
tesoura (alternative)

Attested from 1402. From Latin tonsōria (forfex), from tōnsor (“hair cutter”), from tondeō (“I shear”). Compare Portuguese tesoura, Spanish tijera, Asturian tixeres, tisories, Catalan tisores.

dous piliquos et hua pele falisa et tres teseyras et huun coytelo de tallar

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Historica, I, 5, page 343:

two hides and a pelt and three scissors and a knife for cutting

(usually in the plural) scissors, shears


doiro

doiros (plural)
duiro (alternative)
idoiro (alternative)
iduiro (alternative)

From Paleo-Hispanic *durios, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuryos (“stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to flow, to run”). Probably a cognate with Portuguese Douro.


doira

From a Celtic substrate *duryos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuryos (“stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to flow, to run”). Probably a cognate with Portuguese Douro.


seseo

an accent in Spanish and Galician that pronounces z, and c before e or i, as /s/ rather than /θ/


campá

campás (plural)
campa (alternative)
campán (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese campãa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin campāna. Compare Portuguese campa, Spanish campana.


braveza

[bɾaˈβ̞e.θɐ]

[bɾaˈβ̞e.θɐ]


cadril

cadrís (plural)
codril (alternative)
cuadril (alternative)

From Old Galician-Portuguese quadril (13th century, used by Alfonso X), from Latin quadra (“square”) + -il. Cognate with Portuguese quadril and Asturian cadril.


coraxe

From Old Occitan coratge or Old French corage, from Latin cor (“heart”).


emerxencia

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin emergentia.

lbor

emergency (situation requiring urgent assistance)


superventas

From super- (“best”) + ventas (“seller”).


xuro

From Old Galician-Portuguese jur, from Latin jūre, iūre, ablative of iūs, with inflection later altered in Galician and Portuguese, as if a derivative of the verb xurar; compare Portuguese juro.

(finance, usually in the plural) interest

1347, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310), IV. Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 207

for you and all of your successors to have and own forever as right of heritage

que vos et todos vossos sucesores a aiades et poseiades para senpre en juro de herdade


xura

From Old Galician-Portuguese jura (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Back-formation from xurar. Cognate with Portuguese jura.


entrevistador

gl-noun

entrevistador m (plural entrevistadores, feminine entrevistadora, feminine plural entrevistadoras)

entrevistadores (plural)
entrevistadora (feminine)
entrevistadoras (feminine plural)


fonólogo

fonólogo m (plural fonólogos, feminine fonóloga, feminine plural fonólogas)

fonólogos (plural)
fonóloga (feminine)
fonólogas (feminine plural)


franquista

franquista m or f by sense (plural franquistas)

Franquist (supporter of Francisco Franco)


furacán

furacáns (plural)
furricán (alternative)

From Spanish huracán, the onset f- instead of h- is due to analogy with words like fariña (Spanish harina) or fume (Spanish humo).


góndola

Borrowed from Italian gondola, from Venetan góndoła, from Byzantine Greek κοντούρα (kontoúra, literally “little tail”).


bacinete

From Old French bacinet, a diminutive of bacin (“basin”).

Torre de Rriãjo. O que rreçebeu Gonçaluo Mariño de Fernando de Catoyra cõ a casa e fortalesa de Rriãjo. Primeyramẽte: Húa cadea de ferro cõ seu cãdado e çinco farroupeas e dúas esposas. Hũas coyraças. Tres huchas. Tres ballestas: J de aseyro, IJ de pao. Quatro baçinetes. Hũu trono cõ seu serujdor e hũu fole de póluora. Dos carcaixes de biratõos. Hũu torno de armar ballesta.

1457, F. R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 171:

Tower of Rianxo. What Gonçalvo Mariño received from Fernando of Catoira, together with the tower-house and fortress at Rianxo. First: an iron chain with its padlock and five fetters and two handcuffs. Some cuirasses. Three chests. Three crossbows: one of steel, two of wood. Four bascinets. A bombard with its server and a skin of powder. Two quivers of bolts. A winch for charging crossbows.


beldade

From Old Galician-Portuguese beldade, probably an internal formation based on belo + -dade (as with Spanish beldad).


andorga

Unknown. Perhaps from a substrate language, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥dʰér (“under”).


monxa

From Old Galician-Portuguese monja (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from monge + -a. Compare Portuguese monja and Asturian monxa.


sineiro

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sineiro, sineyro. By surface analysis, sino + -eiro.


entruido

entruidos (plural)
entroido (alternative)
antroido (alternative)

13th century. From Latin introitus, "entering", referred to the year. Cognate with Portuguese entrudo, Mirandese antruido and Asturian antroxu.

Shrovetide (days immediately preceding Lent, which are traditionally considered a festive occasion, marked by parades and carnivals)


alongamento

Attested since circa 1300. From alongar (“to lengthen”) + -mento.

an instance of lengthening (making or becoming longer)

(phonetics) lengthening (sound change in which a phoneme becomes long)

Desy gisárõsse ben de quanto mester auj́ã et, sen outro alongamento, forõ buscar al rrey Cástor et el rrey Polus

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 238:

first they outfitted themselves with everything they needed and, without further delay, they went searching for king Castor and king Pollux


ferraría

ferrarías (plural)
ferreiría (alternative)

Attested since circa 1300. Ferro (“iron”) + -aría. Compare Portuguese ferraria and Spanish herrería.

commo topa en no rio contra as presas dos muynos et vanzado da dita ferraria

1431, M. M. Graña Cid (ed.), Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500). Separata de Estudios Mindonienses, page 343

as it delimits by the river by the dams of the mills and reservoir of the aforementioned smithery

(uncountable) smithery (the trade or craft of a smith)


ferrada

It. hua ferrada de prata de V marquos que ten gonçaluo mourichan

1375, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 384

Item, a silver mug of 5 marks that now is kept by Gonzalvo Mourichán


segunda feira

From Ecclesiastical Latin secunda fēria (“Monday”, literally “second weekday”).


terza feira

From Old Galician-Portuguese terça feira (independently attested in both corpora), from Ecclesiastical Latin tertia fēria (“Tuesday”, literally “third weekday”).


terceira feira

From Ecclesiastical Latin feria tertia (third weekday).


corta feira

cortas feiras (plural)
carta feira (alternative)
corta (alternative)
cuarta feira (alternative)
corta-feira (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese quarta feira, from Ecclesiastical Latin quārta fēria (“Wednesday”, literally “fourth weekday”).

der

oxe corta feyra 2 de outubre de 96

1596, Pedro Obeso, Benito Valverde, Carta ao Conde de Gondomar:

Polo fio d'unha roca
ó estagamo seme bay,
é cortafeira coideiche
que acababa de finar.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

By the thread of a distaff
my stomach is going away,
and Wednesday I though
that I had just died.

Ainda estuven aló cortafeira

1813, anonymous author, Conversa no adro da igrexa:

1881, folk-song

today is Monday, tomorrow is Tuesday, Wednesday swiftly comes; from tomorrow in eight days it is next week

Hoxe é luns, mañán é martes, / Carta feira logo vén, / De mañán en oito días / É a semana que vén


cuarta feira

From Ecclesiastical Latin quārta fēria (“Wednesday”, literally “fourth weekday”).


quinta feira

From Old Galician-Portuguese quinta feira, from Ecclesiastical Latin fēria quīnta (“Thursday”, literally “fifth weekday”).

quintafeira (alternative)
quinta-feira (alternative)

Feita carta in era de mil ducentos et novaenta et quatro annos, na primeira quinta feyra de iuyo, rey don Alfonso reynant in Leon et in Castella, don Migael bispo en Lugo, don Ruy Sueriz meyrino mayor en Galliza
Deed made in era of a thousand and two hundred and ninety-four years [AD 1256], the first Thursday of June, king Don Alfonso reigning in Leon and Castille, Don Miguel bishop in Lugo, Don Roi Suárez governor in Galicia

1256, M. Romaní Martínez (ed.), La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310). Santiago: Tórculo Edicións, page 719

E pois eu tamén lle ofrezo
duas ducias de regeyfas,
seis moletes, dèz galiñas,
que teño na capoeyra,
e mais vn par de capòs
que m'àn de dar quintafeyra.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

And so also I offer her
two dozens loaves,
six muffins, ten hens that
I have in the coop
and a pair of capons
they'll give me Thursday

iba eu á confeson / á miñan de quinta feira / é non achei confesor

1807, anonymous author, Primeiro diálogo dos esterqueiros:

I was going to confess / Thursday morning / but I found no confessor


sexta feira

From Ecclesiastical Latin sexta fēria (“Friday”, literally “sixth weekday”).


teoloxía

From Latin theologia, from Ancient Greek θεολογία (theología).


freire

From Old Occitan fraire, from Latin frater (“brother”). Doublet of frade.


xefe

gl-noun

xefe m (plural xefes, feminine xefa, feminine plural xefas)

xefes (plural)
xefa (feminine)
xefas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from French chef. Compare Spanish jefe, Asturian xefe.


xiz

From Latin gypsum, from Ancient Greek γύψος (gúpsos, “chalk”).

chalk (a piece of chalk used for drawing and on a blackboard)


golada

From *colada, from colo (“neck”). Compare Spanish collado.


cuspe

cuspes (plural)
chuspe (alternative)
cuspia (alternative)

1300. From the earlier cospe, back-formation from cospir (“to spit”).

et [hũus] lle dizem mar de sal, por la agoa [quee] moy salgada, et os outros lle chamã mar morto por quese nõ criam aruores ẽna rribeyra, nẽ se criam peyxes em aquela agoa, nẽ aves, nẽ outra cousa viua nẽgũa, cõmo ẽnas outras agoas, et por que deyta dessy alugares [hũus] cospes negros de betume

1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 208:

and some call it the sea of salt, because its waters are very salty, and others call it dead sea, because there are no trees in the shores nor fishes in the waters, nor birds, nor anything that is alive, as it happens in the other waters; and because in some places it throw out some spittles, which are black of bitumen


adufe

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese adufe, from Arabic الدُّفّ (ad-duff, “tambourine”), from Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dp /dap/, “daf”), from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”). Compare Portuguese adufe.

inh+

Falas como nun Cortello
è ainda hà de aver un estrozo,
pois sin ver que o fol è mozo,
dàs nel como nun fol vello:
ay Mingota eu chè aconsello,
non fagas con que se atufe,
librenos Dios de que bufe,
por que si colle un fumeiro
en boas mans està ô Pandeiro
para quentarche ô adufe.

1753, Diego Antonio Cernadas y Castro, Mingotiña, si está alá:

You speak as a stable,
and yet there will be a wreck,
because, don't seeing that the bag is young,
you hit it as if it was old:
oh, Mingota, I recommend that you
don't anger him,
God save us from him seething,
because if he grabs a club
the tambourine is in good hands
for heating your adufe drum

(music) kind of squared tambourine of Arab origin


souto

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese souto, from Latin saltus (“forest”). Cognate with Fala soitu, Portuguese souto and Spanish soto.


biodiversidade

gl-noun

biodiversidade f (plural biodiversidades)

(biology) biodiversity (diversity of flora and fauna)


bivaque

bivouac (encampment for the night, usually without tents or covering)


desarmamento

disarmament (the reduction of military forces and armaments)


dialetologia

reintegrationist spelling of dialectoloxía


femicidio

femicidios (plural)
feminicidio (alternative)

From femia + -cidio, on the pattern of English femicide, by analogy with homicidio.


billa

From Old Galician-Portuguese billa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), either from Paleo-Hispanic or from Old French bille (“stick”); ultimately from Proto-Celtic *belyom (“tree; trunk”).

e correndo vanchese á bodega, abrironche as pipas, e sacaronche cheos de viño os caldeiros e olas, deixando abertas as billas, de maneira que todo o viño se foi pola bodega

1810, José Fernández y Neira, Proezas de Galicia, Pontevedra: Bibliófilos Gallegos, page 6:

they ran into the wine cellar and opened the barrels; they took away cauldrons and pots filled with wine, leaving the faucets open so that all the wine slipped away by the cellar


alfarroba

alfarrobas (plural)
algarroa (alternative)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese alfarroba, borrowed from Arabic خَرُّوب (ḵarrūb), borrowed from Aramaic חַרּוּבָא.


mourisco

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mourisco. By surface analysis, mouro + -isco.


besteiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese baesteiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ballistarius.

Et ena vila auia moytos boos beesteyros, que du elles feriã nõ tĩjna prol escudo nẽ outra arma

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 323:

In this town there were many good crossbowmen, and where they hit, the shield or other weapons were useless


cabresto

Attested since the 13th century; inherited from Latin capistrum.


cabreiro

gl-noun

cabreiro m (plural cabreiros, feminine cabreira, feminine plural cabreiras)

cabreiros (plural)
cabreira (feminine)
cabreiras (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin caprārius. Equivalent to cabra + -eiro.


cambo

15th century. From Proto-Celtic *kambos (“curved”). Cognate with Old Irish camm (“crooked, bent”), Welsh cam (“crooked”).

a bent stick or twig traditionally used for transporting and selling doughnuts and fish

que desen cada canbo de scoallos por duas brancas, et que fose en cada canbo çinco escoallos

1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 125:

they shall pay for each string of chubs two brancas, and each string should contain five chubs

(by extension) string, strand (of things)

a hook provided with a long handle used in the collection of fruit


caneleira

Attested since 1361. From canela (“shin; cane”) + -eira. Cognate with Portuguese caneleira and Spanish canillera.

et huun lorigom, por que me dauan oyto centos moravedís et huuns coxotes e huas caneleyras, quer çento e quareenta moravedís

1361, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 92:

and a chain mail, valued in 800 maravedis, and a pair of tassets and of greaves, 140 maravedis


cantarelo

Cantharellus cibarius
Cantharellus cibarius#Translingual


troneira

troneiras (plural)
torneira (alternative)

(architecture, military) embrasure, crenel (indentation between the merlons of a battlement)


carbúnculo

carbúnculos (plural)
cabrunco (alternative)
carbunco (alternative)

Attested since 1370 century. Learned borrowing from Latin carbunculus. Doublet of caruncho.

lbor

Et os nomes delas son estes: carbũcolo, sardis, cafil, amatista, berilo, topás, grisólitos, esmeralda, brasmo, rrobj́, calçedonja, cristal

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 436: