en

Probably from Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin inde.

En chegando mudas a roupa mollada

As soon as you arrive change your wet clothes

Et o conde, en chegando et ferindo logo ẽnos mouros, todo en hũu o fezo

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla., Ourense: I. E. O. P. F, page 111:

And the count, [just] arriving, and hurting promptly the Moors, all in one he did that

en leendo perlos llibros algũus de canõicas antijgas, et preujlegios goticos dos santos catholicos et deuotos bispos de Yria et porla Escriptura, achey o fundamento para rreduzir aa memoria dos homes quanto durarõ çertas ydades

[while/after] reading books, some of them of ancient canons, and Gothic privileges of the saint Catholic and devout bishops of Iria, and through the Bible, I found the foundation for reducing to the mind of men for how long some ages lasted

dito testigo en seendo moço pequeno con seu tyo Afonso Dominges, guardando o gaando en Curro do Moyño, que le dixera o dito Afonso Domingees "bees, por aquy se parte ho término do conde do de Juan d'Estúñiga
said witness [while/when] being a young boy and together with his uncle Afonso Domínguez, watching the cattle in Curro do Muíño, he was told by said Afonso Domínguez: "you see, here the term of the count limits with that of Xoán de Estúñiga"

1461, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 141

Que pan e insinanza
 Pardiola has de ter,
 Roupiña e oficio
 Para deprender;
 E ende sendo grande
 Si es home de ben,
 Na Seña Duquesa
 Madriña tamén

1858, Francisco María de la Iglesia, O orfiño da arquiña:

Such bread and teaching
 By gosh you'll have!
 Clothes and office
 to learn;
 And them when you're big
 If you're a good man
 our Lady the Duchess
will be also your protector

while; as soon as (followed by the gerund of a verb, expresses immediacy or simultaneity)


menos

From Old Galician-Portuguese menos, which displaced the semi-learned form mẽos, learned borrowing from Latin minus comparative of parum.


case

Attested since the 15th century (quasy), inherited from Latin quasi (“as if”).


non

From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn.

no (used to show disagreement or negation)

Ás veces é mellor berrar que non calar

Sometimes it is better to shout than to - keep quiet

no (used to reinforce an affirmation as negation of the alternative - but it can be omitted without changing the meaning)

no (reinforces a mandate in interrogative sentences)


ben

From Old Galician-Portuguese ben, from Latin bene.

Ben feito!

Eche un rapaz ben espilido!

cando se ganou dos mouros a grande batalla da figeira en donde tamen perdin e me mataron o cabalo e eu sahin ben librado enpero ben ferido de hua saetada enno braço dereito que non a vin curada fasta pasados ben tres meses

1473, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:

when the great Battle of the Figtree was won to the Moors, where I also lost —and they killed— my horse and I got out safe but badly injured of an arrow shot in the right arm, wound that I saw not cured until more than three months later

Bótalle ben de zucre, sen medo!

(followed by de or a contraction of de) a lot (of)

Et durou a guerra dessa uez ontre elles bem dous ãnos, fazendosse todauia muyto mal os hũus aos outros, de guisa que, ante que sse aquella contenda fijnse, morrerõ y muytos

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 174:

And the war between them lasted that time for two years plus, making in every way a lot of harm the ones to the others, in wise that, before that conflict had ended, many died there


rapidamente

Rematei os deberes rapidamente para gozar do día.

I finished my homework quickly to enjoy the day.


mal

Latin language
Old Galician-Portuguese language

From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male.


nin

From Old Galician-Portuguese nen, nin, from Latin nec (“nor, and not”). Akin to Portuguese nem.


tanto

From Old Galician-Portuguese tanto, from Latin tantus.

so much (to a large or excessive degree)


u

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese u, from ubi.

inh+

U-los libros? Ulos?


agora

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese agora, from Latin hāc hōra. Compare Portuguese agora.

É bo. Agora, non é listo

now (used to introduce a point, a qualification of what has previously been said, a remonstration or a rebuke)


aquí

From Old Galician-Portuguese aqui (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *eccum hīc, from Latin eccum + hic ("this here").


acá

From Old Galician-Portuguese aca (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *eccum hāc, from Latin eccum + hac.


alto

From Old Galician-Portuguese alto, from Latin altus. This form is probably semi-learned or influenced by learned orthography, as with Portuguese alto and Spanish alto. Cf. also the now archaic form outo, which was probably popularly inherited from an unattested hypothetical *outo, present also in place names as Montouto (“High-hill”), from the same Latin word (compare also Old Spanish oto).


hoxe

From Old Galician-Portuguese oge, from Latin hodiē.

1363, C. Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", in Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 439

said house and its rents I want and grant that said monastery will have for ever since today onwards

a qual casa e alugueiros della quero e outtorgo que o dito moestteiro haya para sempre de oxe este dia endeante


consigo

From Old Galician-Portuguese consigo, from Latin cum + sēcum.


moi

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese moi, mui, from moito, muito (“very”) (moi is exclusively used by Galician authors and in the Cantigas de Santa Maria).


gordo

From Old Galician-Portuguese gordo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin gurdus.

"Chove gordo?" "Chove miúdo!"

"Is it raining hard?" "No, it rains lightly!"


algo

From Old Galician-Portuguese algo, from Latin aliquod (“some; a few”).


antes

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese antes, from ante with the adverbial -s, the former from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.


pois

From Old Galician-Portuguese pois, from Vulgar Latin *postius (“after”). Compare with French puis, Spanish pues, Italian poi.

Queres ir? Pois vai.


logo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese logo, from Latin loco (“in the place of, instead of, for”), ablative of locus; from Old Latin stlocus, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, place, locate”). Cognate with Portuguese logo and Spanish luego.

der

Non corras que logo chegas!

Logo chega a primavera.


de novo

From Old Galician-Portuguese de novo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin dē novō (“anew”). Compare Portuguese de novo and Spanish de nuevo.


aló

Inherited from Latin illōc. Compare Leonese alló.


p. ex.

Abbreviation of por exemplo (“for example”); e.g.


ora

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ora, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin hōra (“hour”). Doublet of hora.


só

From Old Galician-Portuguese soo, from Latin sōlus (“alone”).


que

que lástima

que feo ― ¡[how] ugly!

que alto ― ¡[how] tall!

que bonito ― ¡[how] cool!

used to express an adjective; how [mostly not translated]


nunca

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese nunca, from Latin numquam (“never”).


sempre

From Old Galician-Portuguese sempre, from Latin semper. Compare Italian sempre, Portuguese sempre, Spanish siempre.


peor

From Old Galician-Portuguese peior, from Latin peior, peiōrem, from Proto-Indo-European *ped-yōs (“to the ground, downward”). Cognate with Portuguese pior, Spanish peor.


quedo

From Old Galician-Portuguese quedo (13th c., Cantigas de Santa Maria), inherited from Latin qu(i)ētus. Doublet of quieto, which was borrowed.


duro

From Old Galician-Portuguese duro, from Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).


como

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese como, from Latin cōmō̆, a non-literary form of quōmodo.


así

From Old Galician-Portuguese assi, from Late Latin ac sīc. Closely parallel to Aromanian ashi, Portuguese assim, Romanian așa, Spanish así. Compare also Catalan així, French ainsi, Italian così.


medio

13th century. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese medio, medeo, a learned borrowing from Latin medius.

É medio parvo.


devagar

[d̪e.β̞ɑˈɣ̞ɑɾ]

[d̪e.β̞ɑˈɣ̞ɑɾ]

[d̪e.β̞ɑˈħɑɾ]

Fillo, non corras; vai devagar.


cedo

From Old Galician-Portuguese cedo, from Latin cito (“soon”).

Et entõ o caualeiro desapareçeulle, et el espantouse com grã medo, et leuãtouse moy çedo de manãa et cõtou a todos o que lle acaeçera et todo los da oste marauillarõse moyto

1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C, page 86:

And then the knight vanished and he was frightened with great fear; and he got up early in the morning and told everyone what happened to him, and everybody in the army marveled


tarde

From Old Galician-Portuguese tarde, from Latin tarde.


bastante

Attested since the 14th century. From the archaic present participle of bastar: bastar + -ante.


igual

From Old Galician-Portuguese igual, ygual, from Latin aequālis.


riba

From Old Galician-Portuguese riba, from Latin ripa (“bank”).


onde

From Old Galician-Portuguese onde, from Latin unde (“whence”). Cognate with Portuguese onde and Asturian onde.


paso

From Old Galician-Portuguese passo, attested in the 13th century Cantigas de Santa Maria, from Latin passus. Cognate with Catalan pas, Spanish paso, and Portuguese passo.


xa

From Old Galician-Portuguese ja, from Latin iam.


cando

From Old Galician-Portuguese quando, from Latin quandō.


normalmente

[nɔɾˌmɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]


disque

From Old Galician-Portuguese diz que, form diz (“he/she says”) + que (“that”).

—Disque el manda na súa casa: seica ten can.

—He rules in his own home, so they say: probably he has a dog.

—Aprobaches? —Disque si. Veremos.

—Did you passed (the exam)? —So they say. Let's wait and see.

"Aferren la mayor", dice, "pues que estamos en pelijro": Aqui entr’-á vocería, aquí ó tocar dos pítos, aquí ô botàr maldiciós, aquí ós votos à Cristo; porque nestas ocasiôs disque ó x̃surar nè delito

1777, anonymous author, Romance da urca de Santo Antón:

"Furl the mainsail", he says, "since we are in danger": Here begins the outcry, here the whistles sound, here to swear damns, here vows to Christ; because in these occasions swearing is no crime, so they say

so they say; apparently, reportedly, allegedly


dentro

Métete dentro, que vai chover.


igualmente

[iˌɣ̞wɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]

[iˌɣ̞wɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]


pouco

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pouco, from Latin paucus, from Proto-Italic *paukos, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few”, “little”). Compare Portuguese pouco and Spanish poco.

der

Et nõ podemos mellor mercar ca en cõprar nosas uidas, ca bẽ ueedes que pouco nos podemos ia defender, se esta guerra muyto dura.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 637:

And we can't trade better than by acquiring our lives, 'cos you know well that little can we defend ourselves if this war takes much longer

diso que oýra diser a Johán de Njne, fillo de Estéuõo, que Ferrnando de Deyra leua[ra], pouco ha, hũu carro de salgeyros cortados por pee de Brandarís, cabo dos lagos da braña

1459, Fernando Tato, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, page 182:

he said that he heard from Xoán of Nine, son of Estevo, that Fernando of Deira took away, a short while ago, a cart of willows cut down from Brandarís, by the lakes of the marsh


catar

From Old Galician-Portuguese catar, from Late Latin cattāre (“look at, see”), from Latin captāre (“strive to see, strive to catch with one's eyes”).


afeito

From Old Galician-Portuguese afeito; also, inflected form of afacer.


arreo

Attested since circa 1750. Probably from a + a descendant from Proto-Germanic *rēdaz (“advice, counsel”). Compare Catalan arreu, idem.

der

Traballar, traballar, traballar arreo.

continuously, restlessly, ceaselessly, incessantly, nonstop


engorde

From Old Galician-Portuguese *ẽordẽe, from Latin in ōrdinem (compare engadir).


demasiado

¡Non quero saber xa nada , Porque demasiado sei!

I don't want to know anything anymore, because I know too much!


fortemente

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fortemente. By surface analysis, forte + -mente. Compare Portuguese fortemente.


atrás

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese atras (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *ad trans, from Latin trāns (“beyond”).

outra leira de terreo que jaz atras o çelleiro do Penedo con hun presegeiro que y esta en ella.

1365, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Dominguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 495:

another plot of land which lies behind the barn of Penedo, with a peach tree which is there in it

Alá atrás eramos ben amigos.

todas as outras mandas e todos os outros testamentos que eu fige atras aqui non vallan

1266, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 323:

every other charter and every other testament I've done before is void


mentalmente

[mẽn̪ˌt̪ɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]

[mɛ̃n̪ˌt̪ɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]


toste

From Old Galician-Portuguese toste (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French tost (“soon”) rather than from Italian tosto.

Mays Diomedes, que era moy bõo et moy lygeyro, ergeusse moy toste, cõ sua espada ẽna mão, et defendeusse moy ben

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 379:

But Diomedes, who was very good and very swift, got up very quickly, with sword in hand, and defended himself very well

(archaic, literary) hastily, rapidly, quickly


sinceramente

[s̺in̪ˌθɛ.ɾaˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]

[s̺in̪ˌθɛ.ɾaˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]


onte

From Old Galician-Portuguese oonte, from *aõite, from Latin ad noctem (“at night”), from nox (“night”). Compare Portuguese ontem and Spanish anoche.


embora

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese emboora, univerbation of en boa ora.

E deſde agora convido / Os preſentes para outra obra / Como eſta, ſe è que vivimos, / Se non, quedaybos embora.

1703, José Noguerol y Camba, “Versos gallegos à nueſtra Señora de Reza”, in Baltasar Rubio, compiler, El Clarín de la fama y cithara de Apolo, Santiago: Antonio de Aldemunde, page 180, column 2:

(dated) luckily; happily; in good time; at the moment


pior

From Old Galician-Portuguese peor, peior, from Latin peior, peiōrem, from Proto-Indo-European *ped-yōs (“to the ground, downward”).


preto

Back-formation from apretar (“tighten, push, squeeze, compress”). The semantic evolution to "dark" comes through the sense of "tight" or "thick". Another common, but less likely, etymology suggested is Vulgar Latin *prettus, from Latin pressus. Compare Portuguese preto, Asturian prietu, Spanish prieto.

back-formation

Et quando o diserõ a Calrros, volueuse a França et a grã presa enviou a todo los seus a longe et a preto que viesen a el.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C. S. I. C, page 98:

And when Charlemagne was told this, he returned to France and in great hurry he sent for all his, far and near, to come to him


abaixo

From baixo, from Medieval Latin bassus (“low, short”).

[aˈβ̞a̠j.ʃʊ]


en balde

Attested since circa 1350. Ultimately from Andalusian Arabic بَاطِل (báṭil), from Arabic بَاطِل (bāṭil, “vain”)

Et aos que me assý seruẽ, faço eu ben, et doulles o que deseian, et nũca me seruẽ en balde.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 549:

And to the ones who serve me so, I make good; and I give them what they desire, and never they serve me in vain.


de balde

Attested since circa 1300. Ultimately from Andalusian Arabic بَاطِل (báṭil), from Arabic بَاطِل (bāṭil, “vain”)

Et, poys que nos auemos sofrido gram lazeyra et estamos en estado qual nũca coydamos, loado a Deus, se assy o perdessemos, toda nossa lazeyra seria passada de balde

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 146:

And, since we have suffered great pain and still we are in a state that we would never have thought, praised be God, if we so lose it all of our sufferings would have been in vain


gradualmente

[ɡɾa.ð̞uˌɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]

[ɡɾa.ð̞uˌɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]

[ħɾa.ð̞uˌɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]


mesmo

From Old Galician-Portuguese mesmo /meesmo /miismo, from Vulgar Latin *metipsimus, from Latin -met (“emphatic suffix”) + ipse (“himself”) + -issimus (“superlative suffix”).

inh

Mesmo pareces unha meixengra en día de choiva.

1955, Alfonso Gayoso, Os fidalgos de Rante, Buenos Aires: Edicións Miño, page 47:

You even look as a titmouse in a rainy day


adrede

Attested since the 14th century; probably from Old Spanish adrede; compare Spanish adrede


incondicionalmente

unconditionally (without conditions or restrictions)


alor

From French alors, from Latin illā hōrā.

—E que ay? como lle bai? Tan cedo à beira do rrio? Seica ben toma-lo frio alor dà calor que bai?

1671, Gabriel Feijoo de Araujo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

—What's up? How do you do? So soon at the bank of the river? Perchance you came to take some fresh air because it's so hot?


connosco

From Old Galician-Portuguese conosco, cõnosco, connosco, from com (“with”) + Old Galician-Portuguese nosco (“with us”). Noscum is attested in the Appendix Probi as a 'vulgar' form of Latin nobiscum. Displaced Old Portuguese nosco.


primeiro

From Old Galician-Portuguese primeiro, from Latin prīmārius (“one of the first”), from prīmus (“first”).


no entanto

From Old Galician-Portuguese entanto, from en (“in”) + tanto (“so much”).


comigo

From con + Old Galician-Portuguese migo, from Latin cum + mēcum.


lealmente

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lealmente. By surface analysis, leal + -mente. Compare Portuguese lealmente.


abondo

From Old Galician-Portuguese avondo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin abundus, an adjective likely based on Latin abundē (“abundantly”).

Et ẽnos xxij ãnos mandou Mahomat, rrey de Cordoua, fazer naues y en sua cidade et en Siuilla et ẽnos outros lugares du soube que auja avondo de madeyra que para aquillo fosse mester; ca oyra dizer que auja en Galiza cidades et castellos et villas muy bõas que nõ aujã enparança de castell[o] nẽ de çerca nẽ doutra fortelleza nẽhũa

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 47:

And in the year 22 Mahomat, king of Cordoba, ordered to build ships in his city of Seville and in the other places where he knew that there were wood enough for what should be needed; because he had heard that in Galicia there were many excellent cities and castles and towns that had no castle, nor walls, nor any other fortress to defend them

Fillo, Deus te de do oruallo do çeo et da grosura da terra aabondo de tríj́go

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 280:

My Son, God gives you, of the wetness of the sky and of the richness of the earth, plenty of wheat


arredor

From Old Galician-Portuguese arredor (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin *ad retrō (literally “to the rear”).

inh

damus et outorgamos a foro a nossa uyna de Louesende, que chaman d'Eyra de Mouros, conmo esta cercada arredor

1305, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 438:

we give and bestow as per contract our vineyard of Lovesende that they call Eira de Mouros, as it is fenced around

hun calez de prata d'un marco et meo, que seia laurado et dourado arredor nas orelas

1307, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 440:

a silver chalize of a mark and a half, sculpted and gilded around in the rim


abofé

From a boa fe, "in good faith", ultimately from Latin. Cognate with English bona fide.

Et un caualeyro uello que estaua ante as amẽas, et que do começo uira a batalla, et uiu que Lãçarot daua entõ mayores golpes ca o nõ começou da primeira, disso aos que estauã em derredor: -"Uos ueeredes, a boa fe, que aquel caualeyro que esta emde os uẽçera todos ou os desbaratara, et, se Deus me ualla, uẽçeria et mataria taes X com̃o eles, ca estes nossos som boos se nõ fugẽ."

1350, José Luis Pensado, editor, Fragmento de un "Livro de Tristán" galaico-portugués, Santiago: Instituto P. Sarmiento de Estudios Gallegos, page 60:

And an old knight who was standing before the battlements, and who had seen the battle since the beginning, and who saw how Lancelot were hitting harder than before, told the ones that were around him: -"You'll certainly see that he knight there will defeat all of them, or either he'll rout them and, God help me, he would defeat and kill ten times their number even though ours are good if they not flee."

o Rebes / bin fazer A un cordobes / y a outro sibillano / abofe sinon me engano / ca lle'surziron o ynbes / Pola treta / que figeron Y a gineta / sobre duas burras pardas / o sacaron sobre Albardas / e diante Va tronpeta

1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito:

The contrary thing I see do to a Cordobese and a Sevillian; certainly, If I'm not mistaken, they darned them in the underside because of the trickery they did, and mounted on two brown donkeys they parade on packsaddles, in front of them trumpets

—Tes fame? —Abofé que teño!

an emphatic affirmative answer; of course; by God


máis

From Latin magis. Compare Portuguese mais.

obxectos máis modernos

punto máis alto

higher point (literally "point more high")

more, especially used in forming the superlative of adjectives


tamén

From Old Galician-Portuguese tan ben, from tan (“as; so”) + ben (“well”). Cognate with Portuguese também and Spanish también.

toda a erdade que vos o dito Lopo Rodríguez teedes en Revoredo, que he ena freyguisía de San Miguel de Calvelle, tanben casas, árvores, cortinas, terreos,

1354, E. Duro Peña (ed.), El Monasterio de San Pedro de Rocas y su colección documental. Ourense: Instituto de Estudios Orensanos "Padre Feijoo", page 199

all the property that thou, the aforementioned Lopo Rodríguez, have in Reboredo, which is in the parish of Saint Michael of Calvelle, including houses, trees, gardens, plots

Mais que po lo dito seja,
que eu tamen quero brindar
por todos desta maneyra.

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

More for what have been said
that I also want to toast
for all in this way

Eu tamén o quero!

Ti tamén es parvo! Iso non se fai!

You are (even) stupid! You shouldn't do that!


mañá

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mannãa, from Vulgar Latin *māneāna, from Latin māne, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-. Cognate with Portuguese manhã and Spanish mañana.


endexamais

Non istá lonxe, Rankestrasse; mais com'o vehículo non vai á présa, podolle coller o gusto no meio da baraúnda que m'axorda e m'impón. Endexamais me sintín tan extranxeiro nen tan badoco, doorosamente badoco dista volta, polo feble que m'achaba d'esprito.

Rankestrasse is not far away; but, given that the vehicle is not going fast, I can appreciate the hubbub that deafens and impress me. Never in my life have I felt so estranger and rustic, painfully rustic this time because of how feeble my spirit felt.


xamais

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese jamais, from Old Occitan ja mais. Compare Portuguese jamais, Spanish jamás, French jamais and Italian giammai.


avante

Likely borrowed from Catalan avant (as Spanish avante was).


de vez

tóda-las sinales eran de qu'o mundo se acaba de vês

every signal was that the world is ending for good


verdadeiramente

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese verdadeiramente. By surface analysis, verdadeira + -mente. Compare Portuguese verdadeiramente.


primeiramente

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese primeiramente. By surface analysis, primeiro (“first”) + -mente. Compare Portuguese primeiramente.


porfa

(informal, colloquial) Contraction of por favor (“please”).


tampouco

From tan (“so much”) + pouco (“little”).


inda

From Old Galician-Portuguese inda, ynda. Further etymology is debated.

unk

debated

still, nevertheless (in spite of what preceded)


mellor

From Old Galician-Portuguese mellor, from Latin melior, meliōrem.

Mellor non agardes por min


aínda

From Old Galician-Portuguese aynda, from a- + inda. Further etymology is debated.

debated

1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 368

Yet with all of these preparations Ulysses did not feel safe, nor did his heart settle

Aynda cõ todo esto Vlixas nõ era ben seguro, nẽ seu coraçõ nõ asesegaua

dizia que aynda agora rendia cada anno dosentos marauedis e triinta moyos de pan e vino e castanas

1421, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro y su colección diplomática en la Edad Media, Sada / A Coruña: Ediciós do Castro, page 162:

he said that even now it yielded each year two hundred maravedis and thirty bushels of grain and wine and chestnuts

Et tragia aynda hũa sua espada que era moy fremosa et moy forte d'agume, et moy clara et moy luzente, et auia nome Durandas

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 136:

And he also brought a sword that was very beauty and very strong in its edge, and very clear and very shining, and it had by name Durandal

Eu canto cando quero,
cando non quero non canto
pr'os que quero aínda canto

2019, Terbutalina, Muinheira da Costa [song]

I sing when I want to,
when I don't want to I don't sing,
for the ones I love I sing quite a bit,
for the ones I don't, I don't sing that much


levemente

lightly (in a light manner; with little weight or force)


fóra

From Old Galician-Portuguese fora, from Latin forās (“outside”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“door; gate”).

der

outside (on the outside of a building or location)


sequera

From Old Galician-Portuguese sequer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from se + quer. Compare Portuguese sequer and Spanish siquiera.

Non houbo un mes de verán sequera

Endemal! non falás rouco,
mais eu à tanto desfacho,
(como dixo ô ôutro) a macho
que hè lerdo, arrieiro louco.
Por moito que eu malle, hè pouco;
que a quen do principio aò cabo,
sin fazer caso do crabo,
tàs peras tira meu frade,
conven (xiquera à semade)
que lle zorreguen ô rabo.

c. 1771, anonymous, Rosario Álvarez, Ernesto González, editors, Décima xiringatoria:

Alas! you don't speak rough,
but I, to such impertinence,
as they say, to dumb mule,
mad muleteer.
No matter how much I strike, is not enough;
because to whom, beginning to end,
not paying attention to the nail,
your pears drop, my friar,
it is advisable (at least briefly)
that they whip their tail


diante

From Old Galician-Portuguese deante, from de + enante. Enante from Late Latin in ante, from Latin in + ante. Cognate with Portuguese diante, Asturian, Leonese and Mirandese delantre and Spanish delante.


miúdo

From Old Galician-Portuguese miudo, earlier meudo, earlier mẽudo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin minūtus (“diminished”), perfect passive participle of minuō (“I diminish”). Doublet of minuto.

"Chove forte?" "Chove miúdo!"

"Is it raining hard?" "No, it rains lightly!"


chus

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chus, from Latin plūs (“more”).

inh+

et sse esto que eu mando he chus pouco cao quinto de todos meus bees assi movil como rrayz

1305, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 498:

and if this that I'm granting is very little compared with a fifth of all of my possessions, chattel as well as real state, then …


en punto

Chegou ás sete en punto.


daquela

Viches que portas tan pequenas? Daquela a xente era máis baixiña.

Have you see how low are the gates? Then people were smaller.


soamente

From Old Galician-Portuguese soamente, from Early Medieval Latin sōlā mente. Synchronically derivable from soa + -mente.

[…] os empregados non se deixan asoballar pola súa maldade, e o mesmo porteiro deprendeu a poñerlle cara de can. Somente Pedro é un manteiguiñas, incapaz de defenderse. A covardía do xefe cabalga na covardía de Pedro, para locí-las arroutadas que non é quen de descargar no lombo dos outros. Pedro sofre en silenzo; pero cóme-no as xenreiras, e non pode ollá-la cara daquel home sen desexarlle a morte.

1934, Castelao, Os dous de sempre, page 127:

[…] employees don't allow him to humiliate them with his meanness, and even the doorman learnt to put an angry face for him. Solely Pedro is a poor thing, unable to defend himself. The boss' cowardice rides Pedro's, to show off the outbursts that he is incapable of discharging over other's shoulders. Pedro suffers in silence; but spite eats him, and he can't watch that man's face without wishing him death.


adiante

From Old Galician-Portuguese adeante: from a- + diante. Compare Portuguese adiante and Spanish adelante.


abertamente

[aˌβ̞ɛɾ.t̪aˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]


algures

From Old Galician-Portuguese algur (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably a blend of algum + allur. Related to Portuguese alhures.

De algures virá ese cheiro, non si?

That smell must come from somewhere, isn't it?


outrora

From outra + hora. Compare Spanish otrora.


acolá

From Old Galician-Portuguese acola (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *eccum illāc, from Latin eccum + illāc. Cognate with Portuguese acolá and Spanish acullá.

acolá enriba, non sei onde,
tópase non sei qué santo,
que se gana non sei qué,

over there, I don't know exactly where,
there's a certain saint['s church]
and you gain I don't know what
when you pray I don't know which prayers


decote

Attested since the 14th century. From de + Latin cottīdiē (“daily”).

que elles den de vestir et de comer de cada dia et que viueren de cote con elles en suas casas

1389, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 206:

they shall provide them with dressing and food every day, and they shall live with them habitually in their houses

Afonso:
E como està o afillado?
Christobo:
Esse jà quer ir a Escola,
pero porque non tèn sayo
està decote na Eyra
para escorrentar o Gando.

Afonso:
How is doing my godchild?
Christobo:
He already want to go to school,
but since he has no robe
is usually in the field
for driving away the livestock.

Decote acarón da casa,
Vemos cousas á ó revés;
E non marran enxangadas
Que nos fan doer as siés.

1846, Vicente Turnes, Aos augustos desposorios de Isabel II:

All the time, by our house
We see thing upside down;
And there's no lack of jams
that make our temples hurt

daily, habitually, persistently, all the time


moito

From Old Galician-Portuguese muito, moito, from Latin multus. Compare Portuguese muito.

Ela corre moito.


mentres

From Old Galician-Portuguese mentre (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin dum interim. Compare Spanish mientras.


entrementres

Attested since the 18th century. Either from entre + mentres, of from an evolution of Latin interea + mentres.


lonxe

From Old Galician-Portuguese longe, from Latin longē.

Pouco a pouco vaise lonxe (proverb)

Et quando o diserõ a Calrros, volueuse a França et a grã presa enviou a todo los seus a longe et a preto que viesen a el.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C. S. I. C, page 98:

And when Charlemagne was told this, he returned to France and in great hurry he sent for all his, far and near, to come to him

Rankestrasse is not far away; but, given that the vehicle is not going fast, I can appreciate the hubbub that deafens and impress me. Never in my life have I felt so estranger and rustic, painfully rustic this time because of how feeble my spirit felt.


outra vez

From Old Galician-Portuguese outra vez (13th century). Literally, “another time”.


crás

From Old Galician-Portuguese cras (“tomorrow”) from Latin crās (“tomorrow”). Cognate with Portuguese crás, Sardinian cras and Sicilian crai.


a eito

From Old Galician-Portuguese a eito (13ᵗʰ century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from a (from Latin ad) + eito (from Latin ictus). Cognate with Portuguese a eito and Spanish a hecho.

Mandarávos o inverno máis insofríbel e caro
pra homes papar a eito
ca xiada entanguiñados.

he'll send over you the most insufferable and expensive winter
for eating men nonstop [indiscriminately / in large quantities],
frozen stiff.

uninterruptedly and exhaustively; nonstop; indiscriminately, without distinction


de todo

Ese home é parvo de todo

Esa rapaza non é parva de todo

all in all, at all (in negative clauses)


de seguro

From de (“of”) + seguro (“sure”): "for sure".


antonte

From ante- + onte. Compare Portuguese anteontem.

day before yesterday
day before yesterday


lixeiro

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-us
Proto-Indo-European *h₁léngʰusder.
Proto-Indo-European *mreǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-us
Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰusder.
Proto-Italic *breɣʷisinflu.?
Proto-Italic *leɣʷis
Latin levis
Vulgar Latin *levius
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āsios
Latin -ārius
Vulgar Latin *leviārius
Old French legierbor.
Old Galician-Portuguese ligeyro
Galician lixeiro
From Old Galician-Portuguese ligeiro (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French legier, from Vulgar Latin *leviarius, from levis (“light”). Compare Portuguese ligeiro, Spanish ligero.

etymon

Andemos lixeiro.


por pouco

Por (“by”) pouco (“little”). Compare Portuguese por pouco and Spanish por poco.

et entõ leuãtarse a hũa tã grãde tẽpestade, que por pouquo a naue seera afondada

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 59:

and then a large tempest will rise, which will nearly cause the ship to sink


antano

From Old Galician-Portuguese antano, from Latin ante annum. Compare Portuguese antano and Spanish antaño.

Item ha de dar conta Afonſo de Meylaen do pan de antano τ de oganno

1414, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 104

Item, Afonso de Meilán must give account of the grain of last year and of this year

Pan de hoxe, carne de onte e viño de antano, manteñen o home sano. (proverb)

Today's bread, yesterday's meat and last year's wine, keep a man sound.


lixeiramente

From Old Galician-Portuguese ligeiramente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): lixeiro + -mente.

para o cavalo soo en ũa casa por dous ou tres dias ou máis, e non coma nen beba. Depois dalle a comer do lardo do porco salpreso quanto del quiser, ca, por razon da fame e do lardo salgado, ligeiramente e de grado comerá

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 172:

have the horse alone in a house for two or three days or more. Then, give him salted pork lard, as much as it wants, since, because of hunger it will eat eagerly and promptly


decotío

Since 1326. From de + Latin cottīdiē (“daily”).

Mando a o capellan da capella de sam fruytoso. os panos que trouxer de cotio

1348, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 308:

I bequeath to the chaplain of the chapel of Saint Fructuosus my daily clothes


entre lusco e fusco

From entre (“in between”) + lusco ("winked", "one-eyed", but compare reluscar "to flash") + fusco (“dark”).


a maiores

From a (“at, to”) + maiores (“major, greater”), with an elided noun.

os ladróns disputaban sobre a quen se había de axudicar un maravedí que a maiores resultaba na repartita

1888, Marcial Valladares, “Contos”, in Modesto Ermida, editor, Narradores ocasionais do século XIX, page 475:

the thieves debated over whom should be allotted a coin that additionally resulted from the partition

A maiores, soubo presentar os temas e desenvolvelos en forma evidentemente suxestiva.

2005, Palabras a Eito, Univ Santiago de Compostela, →ISBN, page 64:

Moreover, he knew how to present the subjects and how to explain them in an evidently suggestive way


ao chou

Probably from ao achou (“he/she found”), more or less "in the «he/she found it» (way)".

E agora, se fai favor, colla unha carta ao chou

Now, if you please, pick one playing card at random


axiña

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aginna, agỹa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); probably from Latin agīna, from Latin agō (“I do, act”). Cognate with Asturian aína.

inh+

Et, sen falla, lles era mester de os arrenjar et de os castigar ben, ca os gregos erã taes caualeyros et tã fortes et tã orgullosos et tã ardidos et de tã grã prez que, se os troyãos nõ fossen ben armados et castigados ou nõ ouuessen medo ao prínçepe que auj́ã, tã sandiament poderíã seýr que moyto agiña poderíã todos seer mortos ou perdidos.

1370, R. Lourenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 303:

And, without doubt, they needed to straighten and discipline them well, because the Greeks were such great knights and so strong and so haughty and so bold and so worthy that, if the Trojans were not correctly armed and disciplined, or had no fear of their prince, they could get out so foolishly that very soon all of them could be death or lost.

Non sei qué xuncras traguía na moleira o Seor Pedro, que o vin no outro onte carreirando, como un neno, e axuntando aos seus veciños, pra que onde ao seu palleiro fosen axiña a agoardá-lo; Eu non sei si un formigueiro de vermes lle boligaban entre os miolos dos sesos, pois semellaba a un doente, pro casi arrincando os pelos de debaixo da monteira, sin ton, nin son, e sin xeito; Eu non sei qué lle proía, eu non sei, si tiña o demo; porque os folgos eran fogos e os ollos dous candeeiros, e a cara toda prigada, amostrando os seus chavellos coa boca de un palmo aberta, babexado o fuciñeiro, parecía un estraloxe, un estraloxe de un vello

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferrocarril Compostelano:

I don't know what damned thing was bringing in his head Mr. Pedro, whom I saw the day before yesterday running around, as a kid, and gathering his neighbours asking them to come promptly to his barn and wait for him; I don't know if a colony of worms was scampering around the center of his brains, because he looked as a madman, almost pulling out the hair from under the hat, without rhyme of reason, and without care; I don't know what was itching him, I don't know if he was possessed by a demon; because his breath was fire and the eyes two lamps, and the face all folded, showing his fangs with mouth open wide, the snout drooling, he looked as a ravel, an old man's ravel


alí

From Old Galician-Portuguese ali (13th century), from Latin ad (“at”) illīc (“there”). Compare Spanish allí.

alý hu o mar fazía rremuño

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 717:

there where the sea was making a whirlpool


a carón

From Old Galician-Portuguese acaron, a caron (13ᵗʰ century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). From a (“at”) + carón, either from an archaic Latin *carōnem, from carō (“meat”), or from a substrate language.

aló no mes de xaneiro da cama me erguín lixeiro pra ir á feira de Ourense; Era un día de invernada de brétoma marrullento; de aquelas mañás, que o vento corta o carís coa xiada; Senteime no leito axiña e dempois de me escofar empeceime a santiguar na boca cunha cruciña; Funme co frío a sentar collendo os socos de amieiro, casi medio priguiseiro preto da pedra do lar; Da miña pobre lareira dempois que estive a carón, cun apagado tizón revolvín a borralleira; Dúas brasas apañei, dentro do soco as metín e abaleino cara min astra que ó fin o quitei; Feito esto con boa fe para ter calor no centro puxen dous follatos dentro e dempois metín o pé

1859, R. Barros Sibelo, Un dia de desfertuna:

back in January, I swiftly got up from bed to go to the fair of Ourense. It was a wintry day, unruly, misty; one of those mornings when the wind cuts the face with the frost. I promptly sat down on bed and, after scratching myself, I crossed myself in the mouth with a little cross. Grabbing the clogs of alder, I went with the cold to sit, almost as a mendicant, by the hearthstone. From my poor fireplace, after I was by its side, with a burnt out stick I stired the ashes; two embers I picked up, inside the clog I put them, and I tilted it towars me till I took it out. This done, with good faith, for having hot at the center, I put two corn husk leaves, and then I put my feet in


adoito

From Old Galician-Portuguese doito (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *adductus, from ductus (“guided”), from dūcō (“to lead”). Cognate with Spanish ducho.


enfesta

Either from Latin īnfestus (“hostil”); or from en- + -festo, from Germanic: compare French faîte (“top, summit”) and German First (“ridge”).


asemade

13th century. From Latin ad (“at”) + summatim (“summarily”).

Endemal! non falás rouco,
mais eu à tanto desfacho,
(como dixo ô ôutro) a macho
que hè lerdo, arrieiro louco.
Por moito que eu malle, hè pouco;
que a quen do principio aò cabo,
sin fazer caso do crabo,
tàs peras tira meu frade,
conven (xiquera à semade)
que lle zorreguen ô rabo.

Alas! you don't speak rough,
but I, to such impertinence,
as they say, to dumb mule,
mad muleteer.
No matter how much I strike, is not enough;
because to whom, beginning to end,
not paying attention to the nail,
your pears drop, my friar,
it is advisable (at least briefly)
that they whip their tail

Et ora que el en criendo que vendendo el os ditos bẽes et dar asemade o preço delles que era ben; en pero que lle paresía que máis proueitoso seería da alma do dito Pero Rrodrigues et daqueles donde os ditos bẽes decenderõ, darlos et rrenderẽ para senpre ja máis en cada hũu ano, que se gastaren asemade.

1453, Xulián Maure Rivas, editor, Para unha escriptoloxía do Galego. Edición e estudo escriptolóxico do Tombo do Hospital dos Pobres de Tui (1436-1490), page 45:

But now, he was believing that selling the aforementioned properties and giving the price of them at once was fine; but he thought that it would be better for the soul of the aforementioned Pero Rodrigues and of those whose this properties proceeded, to give and rent annually for ever than to spent them at once


por outra banda

17th century. From por (“by”) + outra (“other”) + banda (“side”).

Por outra banda me din Que [...]

1697, several authors, Fiestas Minervales, Santiago: Antonio Frayz, page 34:

On the other hand, they are telling me to …


a lume de biqueira

From a (“to, at”) + lume (“fire”) + de (“of”) + biqueira (“toecap”): because the metal toecaps of the boots produced sparks when walking at top speed over a paved road.

coma se acabasen de recibir unha orde, dirixíronse a lume de biqueira a un dos barracóns

2012, Antón Riveiro Coello, Laura no deserto, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN:

they went at full speed to one of the barracks, as if they had just received an order

(idiomatic) at full throttle, full throttle


ás apalpadas

blindly (without seeing, touching shapes for orientation)


nimigalla

From Old Galician-Portuguese nemigalla (literally “not a crumb”). Cognate with Portuguese nemigalha.

inh

e renunço todas razoes e todas excepsoes e todo dereyto que non aya ende nen-un por min par nunqua yr contra este prazo nen le possa dizer nemigalla

1273, E. Duro Peña, editor, Documentos da catedral de Ourense, Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 337:

I renounce every reason and every exception and every right; that never can be one that in my name could go against this charter, nor could they say nothing [against it]

que os que morauan en a dita pousa que nunca desto pagaron ni migalla

1417, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 578:

that the ones living in said place that of this never paid nothing at all

1779, Diego Antonio Cernadas y Castro, Obras en prosa y verso del Cura de Fruime (vol. III), Madrid: Joachin Ibarra, 305-318, page 316

Because of them we know that you have estates, and rents, and tremendous royalties, but all of this is nothing

Por eles sabemos nós tendes estados, e rendas con regalías tremendas, mais todo esto é nimigalla

(dated) nothing; nothing at all; absolutely nothing


á mantenta

From á (“to the”) and mantenta, from Old Galician-Portuguese mantenente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria).

Mallaron nel á mantenta!

Os mouros, quando virõ que tã poucos erã os cristãos que apos elles yam, derõ tornada a elles, et alj forõ os golpes muy grandes de lanças et d'espadas et de porras que se dauã a mantenente, que llis durou gran peça do dia.

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 875:

The Moors, when they saw that the Christians that were running after them were so few, came back to them, and there were such large blows of spears, and of swords, and of clubs, that they traded all the time/with all of their strengths, that this lasted for a large part of the day

Fixéchelo á mantenta!


a rolos

Os rapaces tirábanse a rolos costa abaixo.

The kids were going tumbling down the slope.


aínda bo

Aínda bo é que non te mataches no accidente!

It is just as well that you didn't kill yourself in that car crash!


alén

From Latin ad (“at”) + illinc (“there”). Cognate with Portuguese além.


aínda ben non

Aínda ben non acabou e xa está a pedir máis.

He hasn't finished and yet he is asking for more.

Por eso arrigou aa présa sin deixar tempo a un suspiro, aínda ben non lle tocou a semente ao chan moído

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferro-carril Compostelano:

That's why it grew swiftly, giving no time to a sigh, when the seed had barely touched the milled soil


a velas vir

A (“at”) ve (“to see”) las (“them”) vir (“to come”): "watching them coming".

Teño, ti ben o debes saber, trinta e oito anos e xa non é esta idade para andar a velas vir coma unha raposa do monte.

2006, Paco Martín, A bisneta Lercha: contos de sempre para ler hoxe, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN, page 64:

I am, as you know, thirty eight years old, and this is no longer an age for wandering helplessly, broken, as a fox in the bush


a miúdo

From Old Galician-Portuguese amẽude (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ad minūtim (“in small pieces, in small steps”). Compare Portuguese amiúde and Spanish a menudo.

der

pisa moy ben todo con exulla uedra de porco et faz ende hũa masa et coze todo con uyno, meyxeo ameude ataa que se coza ben

1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 131:

pound it carefully with old pork lard and make a dough with it and cook everything in wine, stir it frequently till it is well cooked


ensembra

Attested during the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. From Old French ensemble, from Latin insimul, a variant of simul.

Demais fazerll’ás beverage das gemas dos ovos e d’açafran e d’olio das violas, todo amasado ensembra con bõo viño branco

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 172:

Moreover you'll make him a beverage with egg yolks and saffron and viola oil, everything mixed together with good white wine


xeopoliticamente

From xeopolítico + -mente or xeo- + politicamente.


na punta da lingua

Cognate with Portuguese na ponta da língua and Spanish en la punta de la lengua.

on the tip of one's tongue
on the tip of one's tongue


a plena luz do día

(idiomatic) in broad daylight (in a blatant and visible manner)


ningures

From Old Galician-Portuguese nenllur (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria) or rather a blend of ningún + algures. Cognate with Portuguese nenhures.

Co que chove hoxe non vou a ningures.

It's raining so much that I'm not going anywhere today.


en sentido antihorario

en sentido contrario ás agullas do reloxo

anticlockwise (South Africa, AU, New Zealand, Britain), counterclockwise (US) (in an anticlockwise fashion)


gl-adv

en sentido contrario ás agullas do reloxo

no sentido contrario ás agullas do reloxo

en sentido contrario das agullas do reloxo


entón

From Old Galician-Portuguese enton, from Vulgar Latin *in tunc, from Latin in + tunc (“then”). Cognate to Portuguese então and, mostly, to Spanish entonces as well.


quizais

From Old Galician-Portuguese quiçay, quiça, quiçais. Ultimately probably from the Latin expression qui sapit (“who knows”). Compare Portuguese quiçá, Spanish quizá, Italian chissà, Catalan quissà and French qui sait.

quiçays fora mellor estar aló en paz

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 328:

maybe it would be better to be there in peace

cosais co'esta tunda aqueibaran, enon seran ousados de vir por lan, è volber trasquilados

1671, Gabriel Feixoo de Araúxo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

perhaps with this beating they will settle down, and they will not dare to come for wool and return shorn [to come for more than they bargained for]


se cadra

From se (“if”) + cadrar (“to square, fit”): "if it fits".

—Onde está o Manolo? —Se cadra vai na casa.

“Where is Manolo?” “Maybe he went home.”


randón

Probably from Old French randon, from randir (“to run, gallop”) (whence French randonnée (“long walk, hike”)), from Frankish *rant, *rand (“run”, noun), from Proto-Germanic *randijō, from *rinnaną (“run”, verb), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)r ̊-nw- (“to flow, move, run”). See run.

der

intrepidly, without qualms, fully, violently


seica

From Old Galician-Portuguese sei ca (since the 13th century, used by the Galician Pero da Ponte), from sei (“I know”) + que (“that”).

—Disque el manda na súa casa: seica ten can.

—He rules in his own home, so they say: probably he has a dog.

—Aprobaches? —Seica si.

—Did you passed (the exam)? —Apparently I did.

—E que ay? como lle bai? Tan cedo à beira do rrio? Seica ben toma-lo frio alor dà calor que bai?

1671, Gabriel Feijoo de Araujo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:

—What's up? How do you do? So soon at the bank of the river? Perchance you came to take some fresh air because it's hot?

Ôu mèu Crego? Seica qués,
que eu vote a lengoa â pastàr?
Catao ben, e despois non
che pese, ò que ágora fás.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Oh, my clergyman? Reportedly you want
that I let my tongue free range?
Watch it carefully, or either don't you later
regret what you do now

(idiomatic) so they say; apparently, reportedly; probably; perhaps, perchance


decontado

First attested in 1707. From de (“of”) contado (“told”), "as soon as told".

eu quero ser a permeyra,
que lle ofrezo decontado
trinta netos de Manteyga

1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:

I want to be the first one,
since I offer her right away
thirty pints of butter


aínda por riba

→ Spanish: aún por encima

Aínda por riba que che roubaron os cartos, tiveches que pagarlle para que che deran os documentos. Este país non ten amaño.

2014, Mario Franco Rodríguez, A liberdade perigosa, Punto Rojo Libros, →ISBN, page 119:

Not only did they steal your money, adding insult to injury you also had to pay him so they would return you the documents. This country has no solution.

adding insult to injury
adding insult to injury

making matters worse
making matters worse

(idiomatic) adding insult to injury, making matters worse


ás veces

From Old Galician-Portuguese aas vezes (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): ás + veces ~ "at occasions". Compare Portuguese às vezes and Spanish a veces.

ẽna lide põ ome aas vezes o corpo et a alma que llo nõ dan por ouro nẽ por prata nẽ cousa que aia.

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 88:

in the fight a man puts sometimes body and soul, which they won't give by gold nor silver nor any other thing that exists

As veces ruyn gadela roy boa correa

1555, Hernán Núñez, Refranes en Romance:

Sometimes a bad bitch gnaws a good leash


a engrós

From Old French en gros (“in bulk”). Compare Catalan a l'engròs.

Manda o conçello et os alcalldes, regidores et procuradores desta villa da crunna de parte de noso sennor el Rey et do dito conçello da dita villa et porque asi he ordenança antiga que nehunus çapateiros et outras quasquer personas que non sejan çapateiros et vezinnos et moradores da dita villa et en ela non pagan talla con os outros çapateiros vezjnnos da dita villa que non son confrades dos çapateiros asi como os çapateiros de portal, que non vsen dos ditos ofiçios de çapateria nen vendan çapatos nen botas nen outro calçado de coiro en publico nen ascondido nen los ponnan en tendas nen portaes nen anden a vender por la dita villa et pescaria dela Et desde Palavea et media legoa da villa enderredor a villa saluo se os venderen a engros aos ditos çapateiros que viuen et moran na dita villa ou eles os consentiren vender en seus portaes.

1434, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 609:

the council and mayors, councilmen and agents of this town of A Coruña, on behalf of our lord the King and of this town council, and because so it is an old ordinance; that no shoemaker or whichever other person who is not a shoemaker and neighbour and dweller of the said town and in it they did not pay contributions with the other shoemakers neighbours of the said town and which are not a brother of the guild of the shoemakers, as well as the shoemakers who work at their porches; that they should not use of this office of shoemaking nor should they sell shoes nor boots nor any other leather footwear, nor publicly, nor in hiding, nor should they put them in shops nor porches nor should they go selling them around this town and its fishery [outskirts neighbourhood], nor from Palavea and half a league around this town, except if they sell them in bulk to the said shoemakers that live and dwell in the said town or if they let them sell at their porches

Iten, ordenaron mays sobre rason das ollas que tragan os oleiros a vender a çidade a qual ordenança feseron en esta maneira: que qual quer ome de fora, oleyro, que trouxese ollas a vender a esta çidade, que as vendese por sy meesmo, ata seyda de mynsa grande, e que esteue con elas as vender por sy meesmo ata que o relogo dese des oras, e que regateyra nenhua que llas nos mercase ata las dez oras, su a pena que está ordenada por lo conçello, et pasente as ditas dez oras, que os olleyros e omees de fora que posan vender as ditas ollas á engrós a quaes quer pesonas que llas quiseren mercar, et as regateyras da dita çidade que llas posan mercar des las des oras endiante sen pena algua

1433, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 97:

Item, they also made ordinance with regard to the pots that potters bring to this city for selling, and this ordinance they made this way: that any foreigner, a potter, who brings pots for selling to this city, that they can sell them by themselves until the end of the main mass, and that they shall stay with them until the clock strikes ten, and that no reseller could buy them until ten o´clock under the penalty set by the Council; and after ten o'clock that potters and foreigners can sell the aforementioned pots in bulk to anyone who would buy them, and that local resellers could buy these pots from them after ten o´clock without any penalty


enfesto

Either from Latin īnfestus (“hostil”); or from en- + -festo, from Germanic: compare French faîte (“top, summit”) and German First (“ridge”).


a rente

[ɐ ˈrɛn̪.t̪ɪ]

From Latin ad rādentem. Compare Portuguese rente.

Ese avión voa a rente do chan.


en forma

(law) formally, according to law or custom


rexo

From Old Galician-Portuguese rigio (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin rigidus (“rigid”), from rigeō (“I am stiff”). Doublet of recio and ríxido.
Cognate with Portuguese rijo.

Anda rexo!

Et en lle sayndo o sange et abalandose moy de rrejo, espertarõse os rromeus et pregũtarõlle que avia.

1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 200:

And, with the blood coming out from him and he shaking very strongly, the pilgrims awoke and asked him what he had


pouco e pouco

Et asi os forõ escarmentando de todas partes, pouco et pouco, de nõ seyrẽ tã derreniadamẽte com̃o eno começo faziã

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 868:

And so they were teaching them a lesson every which way, little by little, not to go out in such a desarray as in the beginning they did

co afán de averiguar o que pasaba, forase chegando pouco e pouco e a furtadelas astra aparapetarse detrás dunha rocha que estaba antr'os chaparros

1895, A. López Ferreiro, O Castelo de Pambre, Santiago de Compostela: Alende, page 132:

with the intention of finding out what was going on, he had been getting near little by little and furtively until he got undercover behind a rock that was among the shrubs


paseniño

Attested since 1807. From paso (“step”) + the diminutive suffix -iño.

Non conosès outra cousa: / hevos un Santo, Compadre, / revestido de Canonego, / que cando vay pola calle / parece que pisa en ovos, / porque vay moi pasiniño, / co os brazos postos en cruz, / rezando o santo rosario;

1807, anonymous author, Segundo diálogo dos esterqueiros:

You know nothing: he is a saint, my friend, disguised as a canon, that when goes down the street is like he is stepping on eggs, because he goes very slowly, the open arms forming a cross, praying the holy rosary


de todo corazón

From Old Galician-Portuguese de todo coraçon (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria); compare French de tout cœur.

E iten digo que eu perdono de todo coraçon a todos meus enemigos e que me an feito mal para que deus me perdone a min e demando e rogo a todolos que eu fisen mal que por amor de deus me perdonen para que diante de sua divina majestade achen tamen piedade e misericordia.

1473, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:

And I say that I wholeheartedly pardon all of my enemies and those who have wronged me, for God to pardon me, and I ask and pray everyone I have wronged that, for the love of God, they pardon me, so that before His divine majesty they also find pity and mercy

with all one's heart
with all one's heart

(figuratively) with all one's heart, wholeheartedly


desún

Attested during the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. From Old Galician-Portuguese dessũu (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin de sub ūnum. Cognate with Old Spanish de so uno.

hun uosso fillo ou filla que ouuerdes anbus de suun

1296, M. Lucas Alvarez, edited by P. P. Lucas Domínguez, San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media, Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 448:

a son or daughter of yours that you both could have together

Para esto ual a çebolla assada pisada con miucas da terra et con as llesmez et con manteyga rretuda desuu, todo amasado et coyto et meixudo todo ataa que se torne espeso como jngento

c. 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 131:

for this is valid roasted onion crushed with earthworms and with slugs and melted butter all together, mixed and cooked and stirred till is thick as an ointment


a pre

Probably from á par, "together; at the same time"

Douche cinco e quedamos a pre

being in a tie or draw; not owing or being owed; evenly


hogano

From Old Galician-Portuguese ogano, inherited from Latin hōc annō, ablative of hic + annus (“this year”). Compare Portuguese ogano, Spanish hogaño.

Item ha de dar conta Afonſo de Meylaen do pan de antano τ de oganno

1414, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 104

Vinte cinco ducias D'obos
eu lle ofrezo, porque teñan
conque fazer os Formigos,
e de mel vnha caldeyra,
que os meus cobos e cortizos
teñen moy boas entenas;
porque sairon ogano
moytos enjames d'abellas.

Twenty-five dozens of eggs
I offer her, so that they have the necessary
to cook the formigos;
and of honey a cauldron,
because my skeps and hives
have very good honeycombs,
because this year
many swarms of bees went out


á man esquerda

Iten, mando mays á dita Contança Gonçales, miña muller, a quarta parte da adega dos Vrancos, por quanto eu e ela conpramos a metade da dita adega a Meen Suares Galinato, e mándolle mays a cuba en que teño o viño branco e mays outras duas cubas que son dentro ena dita adega aa maao esquerda, vasyas, que teñen cada una doze moyos de lagar, e mays lle mando una cama de roupa con quatro cabeçaás e un colchón e un almadraque e con suas sabaas e media duzia d'almofadas e con hua manta de picote, e se ouver em casa un par de colchas, que aja ela una delas.

Item, I devise said Constanza González, my wife, a fourth of the wine cellar of Os Brancos, since we both bought a half of it from Men Suarez Galiñato; and I also bequeath a cask in which I have the white wine, and also two other casks that are inside that wine cellar, on the left, empty, each one having twelve modii; and also bequeath to her a clothed bed with four pillows and a mattress and a mat, and with its sheets and half a dozen cushions and a wool blanket, and if there is in the house a pair of quilts, she should have one of them


á noite

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aa noyte (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria).

inh+

1455, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 322

Year of 55, Saturday at night, twenty days of said month of September

Ano de LV, sábado á noyte, que eran viinte dias do dito mes de setenbro


a maior abastanza

From Old Galician-Portuguese por mor abastança de dreyto (“for [having] more sufficiency of right”).

inh

et porque esto he çerto escripvi aqui meu nome et por mayor abastança rogey a o notario de juso scripto que a signase de seu signo

1416, A. Rodríguez González, editor, Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422), Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 19:

and because this is true, I wrote here my name and furthermore I asked the aforementioned notary to sign it with his sign

A maior abastanza, das súas viaxes a países de América ou de África sempre traía mostras de arte popular.

2012, several authors, Valentín Paz-Andrade: Galiza como tarefa, A Coruña: Fundación Luis Seoane:

Furthermore, from his journeys to countries of America or Africa he always brought back samples of folk art.


deseguido

Foi súa mai, Carmen, quen me puxo na mesa o primeiro polbo á mugardesa que probei na miña vida e quen, deseguido, me explicou a maneira de preparalo

2005, Miguel Vila Pernas, A Cociña de Merlín: que e como comen os personaxes de Merlín e familia, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN, page 62:

It was her mother, Carmen, who put onto me on the table the first octopus à la mugardesa that I ever tasted in my life and who, next, explained to me how to cook it


máis pouco

From Old Galician-Portuguese mais pouco: from máis (“more”) + pouco (“little”).

nao ou baixel ou outro navio que a esta villa viesen que trouxese sal des huun milleyro e medio de sal arriba que lles desen tres faneigas grandes de sal aos ditos lazerados et dende ajuso se mays pouco trouxesen que se aviesen con o procurador dos ditos lazerados

1384, M. A. Comesaña Martínez, editor, O tombo do Hospital e Ermida de santa María do Camiño de Pontevedra, Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 99:

carrack or vessel or other ship that to this town came bringing salt, from a thousand and a half of salt up, they shall give three large bushels of salt to said lepers; and if less they brought then they must reach an agreement with the procurator of said lepers

Tantismo ben nos quería e nós tamén tanto a el, que nin sin nós s'afacía, nin nós máis pouco sin el

1838, Florencio Pol, Espello de Deputados:

So much he loved us, and also we loved him, that he could not habituate without us, and less us without him


e logo

—Estou triste. —E logo?


aínda non

Aínda non chegamos e xa petan na porta!

We have barely arrived and they are already knocking at the door!


dou ao demo

[ˈdow ɔˈðɛmʊ]

An que me trataches bén
si'ávesita non pagàs
dou ò demo pè ala poño
nin me alembro de vòs màis.

1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

Although thou treated me well
if the visit thou don't return
in no way I'm putting a foot there
or remembering thou anymore


ende ben

From Old Galician-Portuguese ende ben (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria).


secasí

From así como así. Compare Asturian sicasí.

Anque à prea non hègrande
si ca si, ò sacristan
disque à pestàna do figado
se lle hiba alegrando já.
Ô cont'hè, si enturra n'eso
Deus me libre das suas más,
que'anque eu non queira, na Coba
de chantarme heche capàz.

Although the booty is not large,
in any case, the sacristan's
liver's eyes, reportedly,
were shinning bright.
The issue is, if he insist in this,
God save me from his hands,
that even if I don't want, in the grave
he is capable of thrusting me

Hai sicasí máis cristianos na apariencia que no fondo da conciencia e nas obras.

1861, Antonio Fernández Morales, Ensayos en dialecto Berciano:

There are, anyway, more Christians in appearance that in the conscience and the works

anyway; anyhow; in any case; nevertheless


de moca

Attested since 1812. From comer (“to eat”) de (“of”) moca (“flail's handle”), because neighbours used to help each other thrashing grain, being paid with a feast.

Quen quixer cebada é palla de moca para os seus cabalos de recreo, pagaraia, é senon que pete á outra porta

1812, Ramón González Senra, Carta recomendada:

Whoever wants rye and straw for free for his recreational horses, he must pay for it or else knock on another door


sexa como for

Attested since 1812. From sexa (“it may be”) como (“as”) for (“it would be”). Compare Portuguese seja como for.

Mais, sexa como for, ó que eu quero, é darlle á vm. as albrizas do ben que nos fan as Cortes, tirándonos de un cautiverio, que pouco lle marra para ser ó do anamigo malo

But, anyway, what I want is to congratulate you on the good deed that the Parliament does to us, pulling us out of a captivity that is just short of being that of the mean enemy's


se Deus quer

se (“if”) + Deus (“God”) + quer (“wants”). Literally, “if God wants”. Compare Portuguese se Deus quiser and Spanish si Dios quiere.


a valmontes

From a (“at, to”) and the compound vales (“valleys”) + montes (“hills”).

1961, Xosé Neira Vilas, Memorias dun neno labrego

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Inda non chegara á casa , cando sentín caír pingueiras coma cocos . Chovía a reverquer . Arroiaban os camiños . Polo Castro abaixo descían a valmontes croios e molime . Os lóstregos e tronos sacodían o mundo . Chovéu a tarde enteira .

Por iso seguín alancando cunha prema nerviosa e descomposta até que deixei o camiño Real e saín aos descampados a valmontes, perdéndome como unha cabra por aqueles espazos inmensos onde é pouco falar de soidade e onde

2014, Xavier Seoane, A dama da noite, Laiovento:


a festo

Either from Latin īnfestus (“hostil”); or from a- + festo, from Germanic: compare French faîte (“top, summit”) and German First (“ridge”).

de esse moyno a dereyto afesto polla regeyra de Senande

1315, M. Lucas Alvarez, M. J. Justo Martín, editors, Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537), page 34:

from this mill right upstream along the brook of Senande

a em proo per lo rio et por lo peagoo a festo pelas lavradas de Faramontaaos, e dessi por tralo castro a que chamam do Carro Queymado, et desi a penso, et dessy aa fonte do Buleyro

1473, M. Romaní Martinez, M. P. Rodríguez Suarez, editors, Libro tumbo de pergamino. Un códice medieval del monasterio de Oseira, Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo, page 44:

downstream along the river and the pool upwards by the fields of Faramontaos, and thence behind the ancient hill-fort they call of Carro Queimado, and thence to Penso, and thence till the muddy spring


ensenbra

Attested during the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. From Old French ensemble, from Latin insimul, a variant of simul.

Demais fazerll’ás beverage das gemas dos ovos e d’açafran e d’olio das violas, todo amasado ensembra con bõo viño branco

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 172:

Moreover you'll make him a beverage with egg yolks and saffron and viola oil, everything mixed together with good white wine


ás vegadas

From Old Galician-Portuguese a vegadas (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria): a / ás + vegadas ~ "at occasions".

Mays dígouos tãto desta donzela que, cõmoquer que ela era moy fremosa, que aas vegadas era sandía

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 278:

But I tell you as much about this maiden who, given that she was very beauty, sometimes she was silly

Non canta na Chá ninguén.
 Por eso o meu carro canta.
 Canta o seu eixo tan ben
 que a señardade me espanta.
Non hai canto tan fermoso:
 fino como un asubío.
 Anque é, ás vegadas, saudoso,
 faise, no ar, rechouchío.

1954, Manuel María, “O Carro”, in Terra Chá:

Nobody is singing in the Plains
that's why my cart sings.
Its axle sings so good
that it drives off my loneliness.
There is no song so beautiful:
high-pitched as a whistle.
Albeit it is, sometimes, lonesome
in the air it becomes a tweet.


sen ton nin son

Literally, “without (correct) tone or sound”. Compare Spanish sin ton ni son.

lit

Non sei qué xuncras traguía na moleira o Seor Pedro, que o vin no outro onte carreirando, como un neno, e axuntando aos seus veciños, pra que onde ao seu palleiro fosen axiña a agoardá-lo; Eu non sei si un formigueiro de vermes lle boligaban entre os miolos dos sesos, pois semellaba a un doente, pro casi arrincando os pelos de debaixo da monteira, sin ton, nin son, e sin xeito; Eu non sei qué lle proía, eu non sei, si tiña o demo; porque os folgos eran fogos e os ollos dous candeeiros, e a cara toda prigada, amostrando os seus chavellos coa boca de un palmo aberta, babexado o fuciñeiro; parecía un estraloxe, un estraloxe de un vello

1862, Manuel Magariños, Ferrocarril Compostelano:

I don't know what damned thing was bringing in his head Mr. Pedro, whom I saw the day before yesterday running around, as a kid, and gathering his neighbours asking them to come promptly to his barn and wait for him; I don't know if a colony of worms was scampering around the center of his brains, because he looked as a madman, almost pulling out the hair from under the hat, without rhyme of reason, and without care; I don't know what was itching him, I don't know if he was possessed by a demon; because his breath was fire and the eyes two lamps, and the face all folded, showing his fangs with mouth open wide, the snout drooled; he looked as a ravel, an old man's ravel


en crequenas

Attested since circa 1750. Unknown. Probably related to Portuguese encrencar and Spanish enclenque, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *slinkaną (“to creep, crawl”).


paso e paso

c1350, K. M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", page 148

And they had been approaching step by step, and were now very close to where the Greeks were fighting the Trojans

Et chegauã se moy passo et paso et yã ja moy açerca donde os gregos estauã conbatẽdo-se cõ os troyanos


outro antonte

From outro (“other, another”) antonte (“day before yesterday”).

day before the day before yesterday
day before the day before yesterday


trasantonte

From tras (“beyond, behind”) + antonte (“day before yesterday”).


a barrisco

From Spanish a barrisco (“indistinctly”), from Aragonese barriscar (“to sell in large quantities”).


a deshora

From Old Galician-Portuguese adesora (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), contraction of a de so hora (“at the very moment”). The semantic evolution, which also happened in Portuguese and Spanish, was due to rebracketing: des- (“dis-”) + hora (“hour”).


de súpeto

Attested since 1861. Learned borrowing from Latin subito, preceded by the preposition de. Doublet of súbito.

Calquer pensara que un meigallo se lle meteu no corpo, ó ver como cambeou de súpeto. Esborrouse da súa boca a sonrisa pracenteira, fuxiu dos ollos o mirar churruscandeiro, velado agora por humedeceres de bágoas

1895, Heraclio Pérez Placer, Contos da Terriña:

Anyone would think that a spell has entered her body, seeing how she changed all of the sudden: the pleasant smile fade from her mouth and the lively gaze fled from her eyes, clouded now by the wetness of the tears


ás agachadas

Antes de casar víanse ás agochadas

Before marrying they used to meet secretly


á beira

na compaña dos meus bos amigos Benito das Vacalouras e Martiño de Zamora, metínme nun deses wagós do camiño de ferro d'Ourense a Vigo, i anque fumos nel como sardiñas en banasta, non tivemos queixa, porque neso da comparanza das sardiñas, nosoutros éramos das cabezudas, i as que levábamos á beira eran das escochadas, frescas e pequerrechiñas e cun sal

1884, O tío Marcos da Portela, volume 2, number 45, page 1:

in the company of my good friends Benito das Vacalouras and Martiño from Zamora, I entered one of those wagons of the railroad from Ourense to Vigo and, even if we travelled packed as sardines, we had no complaint, because on that comparison we were as sardines with head, but those next to us were as beheaded sardines, fresh and small and salted


cagando chispas

Attested since 1807. From cagar (“to shit”) and chispa (“spark”): because the metal toecaps of the boots produced sparks when running over a paved road.

Así que ides saír cagando chispas e en pelota picada! Escoitades, cabróns? Imos meter toda a artillería por ese buraco! Entendestes? Non ides ter nin esquela nos periódicos![…]

2004, Manuel Rivas, Que me queres, amor?, Editorial Galaxia, →ISBN, page 149:

“So you gonna get out ASAP and in the buff! Do you hear me, motherfuckers? We're gonna put all of our artillery inside that hole! Do you copy? You won't even have an obituary! […]”

(idiomatic) at full throttle, full throttle, ASAP


a rego cheo

(idiomatic) at full force or speed; balls to the wall; as much as possible


de reollo

out of the corner of one's eye
out of the corner of one's eye


a cugulo

Attested since the 18th century. Literally, “forming a heap”.


unha vez

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see unha, vez.


endebén

Alternative form of ende ben (“luckily”)


manseliño

From Old Galician-Portuguese manselinno (13th century, used by the Galician Airas Nunes). From manso + -eliño.


a esgalla

From esgallar. Compare Asturian a esgaya.

(informal) in plenty, aplenty, galore, abundantly, in abundance, in quantity


aquén

From Old Galician-Portuguese aquen (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin *eccum inde.


boamente

Attested since 1257 (de boamente, "in good-mind").


acó

Attested since the 13th century. Inherited from Latin *eccum hoc.


poida que

From poida (“it could be”) and que (“that”).


de gatiñas

Inda a nai non pon o pé
 por adentro do portelo
 xa chegan os seus miniños
 «a min, a min berberecho» ;
 cisca uns poucos pola eira
 os rapaces van collé-los
 de gatiñas uns con outros
 levantandose e caendo.
 Dimpois tódo-los da casa
 arredor do fol ou cesto
 non se afartan de gandire
 os birbirichiños frescos;

1853, Xoán Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, page 158:

Mother hasn't even
 put her foot ahead the gate
 when her children come asking
 «to me, to me, cockle»;
 she scatters a few by the yards
 the kids try to catch them
 squatting, ones and others
 standing and falling.
 Later, everyone at the house,
 around the bag or basket,
 they don't get tired of devouring
 the fresh little cockles;


á présa

Non istá lonxe, Rankestrasse; mais com'o vehículo non vai á présa, podolle coller o gusto no meio da baraúnda que m'axorda e m'impón. Endexamais me sintín tan extranxeiro nen tan badoco, doorosamente badoco dista volta, polo feble que m'achaba d'esprito.

Rankestrasse is not far away; but, given that the vehicle is not going fast, I can appreciate the hubbub that deafens and impress me. Never in my life have I felt so estranger and rustic, painfully rustic this time because of how feeble my spirit felt.


nunca máis

From nunca (“never”) + máis (“more”). Compare Portuguese nunca mais and Spanish nunca más.


desta vez

From Old Galician-Portuguese desta vez (Cantigas de Santa Maria, 13th century), Literally, “of this time”.


ao cabo

Attested since circa 1300. Literally, “in the end”.


hoxe en día

mays saberes bõos acham ẽnas çidades que ẽnas aldeas et, ẽnas grandes vilas et poblas, que ẽnas pequenas, et véémos que esto asy he oje en dia.

c1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria, page 111:

more valuable knowledge their find in cities than in villages, and in larger towns than in the smaller ones, so are things nowaday.


a cabalo

Coordinate term: a pé


a cara de can

Unha sondaxe do CIS cifrou nun mísero vinte por cento os que confesaron terse involucrado no combate a cara de can do Senado.

2022, “Archived copy”, in Tempos Dixitais, archived from the original on 2023-11-20:

According to a poll of the CIS, a mere 20% confess to have got involved into the heated "combat" at the Senate


ao primeiro

O amo estaba que bufaba; ao primeiro non se apurou cousa, ademais de teer bastante pachorra, xa contaba con que as cousas do paço van por despacio. Pero así que pasaron dous meses, non sabía si incomodarse con Gonçalvo, si maxinar que o roubasen ou o matasen no camiño

1895, Antonio López Ferreiro, A tecedeira de Bonaval, page 113:

"The lord was very angry; at first he didn't mind, he had phlegm enough, and he knew that Rome wasn't built in one day. But after two months passed he didn't know if he should be annoyed with Gonçalvo, or either to imagine that they had robbed or killed him along the way"


de antemán

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese d'antemaão (first attested in 1390).

inh+

beforehand; in advance (before it is necessary)


a destro e sinistro

[ɐ ˈð̞ɛs̺.t̪ɾʊ ɪ s̺iˈnis̺.t̪ɾʊ]

From Old Galician-Portuguese a destro et a seestro, "to the right and to the left".