Brasilia

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


Tarragona

Tarragona (a city in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain)


Valencia

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


Colonia

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Acre

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Acre, ultimately from Hebrew עכו (ʿAkko).


Granada

[ɡɾaˈna.ð̞ɐ]

[ɡɾaˈna.ð̞ɐ]

[ħɾaˈna.ð̞ɐ]


Porto

Porto (a city and municipality, the district capital of Porto district, Portugal)


Lisboa

From Old Galician-Portuguese Lixbõa, from Arabic لِشْبُونَة (lišbūna) from Vulgar Latin Olisipona, from Latin Olisīpō, possibly from Phoenician or Tartessian.


Londres

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Santiago

[s̺an̪ˈt̪jɑ.ɣ̞ʊ]

[s̺an̪ˈt̪jɑ.ɣ̞ʊ]

From Latin Sanctus Iācōbus (“Saint James”), the latter word deriving from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (ya‘ăqṓḇ, “Jacob”, literally “he will/shall heel”), from עָקֵב (‘āqḗḇ, “heel of the foot”).

der

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela#English

Santiago, Santiago de Compostela (the capital city of Galicia, Spain)

Santiago de Chile
Santiago de Chile#English

Santiago, Santiago de Chile (the capital city of Chile)


Sevilla

[s̺eˈβ̞i.ɟɐ]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Sevilha, from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), from Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “plain, valley”). Compare Portuguese Sevilha.

der

إِشْبِيلِيَة

Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya)

Seville (the capital city of Andalusia, Spain)


Murcia

Murcia (the capital city of Murcia, Spain)


Praga

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Luxemburgo

Luxembourg (the capital city of Luxembourg)


Berlín

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


París

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Copenhague

Ultimately from Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Moscova

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Nápoles

From Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis), from νέα πόλις (néa pólis, “new city”).

Naples (a city and province, the regional capital of Campania, Italy)


Xibraltar

[ʃi.β̞ɾɑl̪ˈt̪aɾ]

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Estrasburgo

Strasbourg (the capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est)


Edimburgo

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


Oviedo

Oviedo (the capital city of Asturias, Spain)


Gante

Ghent (the capital city of East Flanders, Belgium)


Niza

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Nice (a coastal city, the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France)


Xerusalén

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


San Mariño

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Cidade do Vaticano

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Hamburgo

Hamburg (the second-largest city in Germany)


Quioto

Kyoto (the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


Seúl

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”).


Málaga

Malaga (a city and province of Andalusia, Spain)


Filadelfia

Philadelphia (a large city in the United States)


Capetón

Cape Town (the legislative capital of South Africa)


Pequín

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Badaxoz

Badajoz (a city, the provincial capital of Badajoz, Spain)


Tolosa

From Latin Tolōsa, probably of Gaulish origin.

Toulouse (the capital city of the Haute-Garonne department, France; capital city of the region of Occitanie)


Monforte

From Old French Monfort (“stronghold”). Its earlier name was Pino, former Dactonium.

Monforte de Lemos: A municipality and city in Lugo, Galicia, Spain


Vigo

A Latin place name: from Old Galician-Portuguese Vigo, already a toponymical form, from Latin vīcus (“village, hamlet”); from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- (“village”).
Cognates
* From the same Latin vicus: Galician veciño, Galician vila, Catalan Vic, Italian vico, Italian vicolo, Italian vicolo cieco,
* From the same Latin vicus via Latin villa: Catalan vila, French village, English village
* From the same Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- via Proto-Germanic *wīhsą: Dutch wijk, German Weichbild, English Greenwich, English Gatwick

Vigo (a city and municipality on the southwest coast of Galicia, Spain)


A Coruña

Uncertain. Predominant theories are:
* A corruption of the word for “crown”;
* From French Cluny, a commune in eastern France;
* From Scottish Gaelic cork orrunach (literally “harbor of the brave men”): Celtic settlers had been known to explore the coast;
* From Crunia, a medieval Leonese name of unknown origin.

A Coruña (a city in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain)


Ámsterdam

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)


Ancara

Ankara (the capital city and province of Turkey)


Istambul

Istanbul (the largest city and province of Turkey)


Santiago de Compostela

Santiago from Latin Sanctus Iacobus, "Saint James". Compostela, attested as Conpostella in 966, from Latin compositella, diminutive of compositus (“ordered, arranged”), meaning "the (well) composed little one" vel sim. A common incorrect etymology derives from the purported campus stellae or field of stars, leading to names such as campo de estrellas in Spanish.

A city in A Coruña, Galicia. Allegedly, the cathedral was built over the resting place of St James the Great


Pontevedra

[pon̪.t̪eˈβ̞ɛ.ð̞ɾɐ]

A place name with medieval origin; from ponte (“bridge”) + vedra (“old”).

Pontevedra (a city in Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain)

Pontevedra (a province of Galicia, Spain; capital: Pontevedra)


Lugo

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Lugo, from Latin Lūcus Augustī, founded by Augustus as capital of the Roman district of Gallaecia Lucense after the conquest of northwestern Iberia. From lūcus (“sacred wood”). Compare Portuguese Lugo, Italian Lugo (and Lucania).

inh+

Lugo (a city, the provincial capital of Lugo, Galicia, Spain)


Camberra

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Marsella

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


Viveiro

A city and municipality of Lugo, Galicia, Spain


Compostela

Attested as Conpostella in 966, from Latin compositella, diminutive of composita (“ordered, arranged”), meaning "the (well) composed little one" vel sim.
Cognate with Spanish Compostilla.


Xenebra

[ʃeˈnɛ.β̞ɾɐ]


Xénova

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, Italy)


Río de Xaneiro

Rio de Janeiro (a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)


Os Ánxeles

Los Angeles (a city in California, United States)


Bruxas

Old Galician-Portuguese, from Old French Bruges, from Old Dutch Bruges, Bruggas, Brugias, probably from brugga (“bridge”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.

Bruges (the capital city of West Flanders, Belgium)


Cais

From Arabic قَادِس (qādis), from Latin Gades. Doublet of Cádiz.

oín eu decer en Cais unha vez que un reino que lle chaman Bolanda , que non é máis grande nin millor que Galicia, fixera máis de dous mil navíos en poucos anos, e andaba levando e traendo dun lado para o outro como os maragatos, e ganaban millós

1812, Ramón González Senra, Carta recomendada:

I heard once in Cádiz that there is a kingdom called Holland, which is no larger of better than Galicia, which built more than two thousand large ships in just a few years, and was carrying from here to there, as muleteers, and they earned millions


Ferrol

Ferrol (a city in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain)