keso

keso
hesɓe
heyɓe
hesre
heyre
hesru
heyru
hese
heso
kesal
kesol
kesi
hesi
kesum
kesri
heyri
kesu
hesu
kesa
hesa
kesam
kese
kesel
kesii
keson
kesoy

From hey- (“be new”), the same root as heyɗugol.


puro

puro
furɓe
furde
furdu
fure
furo
pural
purol
puri
purum
purdi
puru
pura
puram
pure
purel
puron
puroy


horde

horde nde (canonical)
kore ɗe (plural)
hoorde (alternative)


min

(Adamawa) first person plural exclusive;short form we, us


beccal

beccal ngal (canonical)
becce ɗe (plural)
wecco (alternative)


minen

(Adamawa) first person plural exclusive;emphatic pronoun we, us


simo

simo nga (canonical)
simooji ɗi (plural)


makala

makala nga (canonical)
makalaaje ɗe (plural)

(Adamawa) a dessert made from fried dough, similar to beignets


nga

(Adamawa) Noun class indicator for nouns (singular) including large animals


nga

mbeewa nga

(Adamawa, definite) the (when it follows the noun)


nga

nga mbeewa

(Adamawa) (used in indicating something)


weerde

weerde nde (canonical)
beeli ɗi (plural)


daaro

daaro ngo (canonical)
daarooje ɗe (plural)


awo

awo ngo (canonical)
awnordu (alternative)


tanni

(Adamawa) Balanites aegyptiaca (Egyptian balsam), A desert tree with edible fruit


wal-

(Adamawa) related to negation (there is not; be without, have not)


wal-

(marriage, Adamawa) related to representation (of bride or bridegroom) in connection with a marriage contract


lukkere

lukkere nde (canonical)
lukke ɗe (plural)


acaari

acaari ndi (canonical)
accaari (alternative)

Digitaria exilis
Digitaria exilis#Translingual


ɗaaleehi

ɗaaleehi ki (canonical)
ɗaaleeje ɗe (plural)

Khaya senegalensis
Khaya senegalensis#Translingual

(Adamawa) African mahogany (Khaya senegalensis)


mbusiri

porridge made with grains and groundnuts


taari

taari ndi (canonical)
taariiji ɗi (plural)


ladde

ladde nde Adamawa Plural (canonical)
laddeeji ɗi (plural)


hayre

Possibly cognate with Wolof xeer (“stone”).


nyawu

nyawu ngu (canonical)
nyawuuji ɗi (plural)


lesdi

lesdi ndi (canonical)
lesɗe ɗe (plural)
𞤤𞤫𞤧𞤣𞤭 (alternative)
leydi (alternative)

From the root les-, related to being below.


feso

(Adamawa) Blighia sapida (Ackee), A tree in the family Sapindaceae with edible fruit


jawleeru

jawleeru ndu (canonical)
jawleeji ɗi (plural)


bukkaaru

bukkaaru ndu (canonical)
bukkaaji ɗi (plural)


laamɗo

laamɗo o (canonical)
laamɓe ɓe (plural)
lamɗo (alternative)
laamiiɗo (alternative)


nebbam

nebbam ɗam (canonical)
nebbeele ɗe (plural)
nyebbam (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *neɓ/b, whence also Serer neeɓ.


ɓaawo

ɓaawo ngo (canonical)
ɓaawe (plural)
ɓabbe (plural)

Ɓaawo an ngon no muusa.

(anatomy, Pular, Adamawa) back, rear-end


teewu

teewu ngu (canonical)
teewuuji ɗi (plural)

from Proto-Fula-Serer *regeƴ, whence also Serer regeƴ (“meat”). Root reduction in Fula causes the dropping of Proto-Fula-Serer medial -g- or sonorants between identical vowels. Compare Fula ɗem- from Proto-Fula-Serer *ɗelem.

(Pular, Adamawa, Maasina, Western Niger Fulfulde) meat, flesh


janngirde

janngirde nde (canonical)
janngirɗe ɗe (plural)

From the verbal stem jaŋg (“to study, learn”).


waandu

waandu ndu (canonical)
baaɗi ɗi (plural)


ngesa

ngesa mba (canonical)
ka (canonical)
gese ɗe (plural)


mbay

Manihot esculenta
Manihot esculenta#Translingual


maako

(Adamawa) third person singular possessive pronoun his, her

himo

third person singular subject pronoun; long form


laalawal

laalawal ngal (canonical)
laalaje ɗe (plural)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *labw, whence also Serer laɓ.


laawol

laawol ngol or (canonical)
laawi ɗi (plural)
laabi (plural)
𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮𞤤 (alternative)
lappol (alternative)

(Pular, Pulaar, Adamawa, Western Niger Fulfulde, Maasina) path, route, way, method


kaŋko

(Pulaar, Adamawa) third person singular;emphatic him, her, it


keerol

keerol ngol (canonical)
keeri ɗi (plural)

(Pular, Adamawa) border, frontier, limit


ɓooldi

Hibiscus cannabinus
Hibiscus cannabinus#Translingual


toɓɓere

toɓɓere nde (canonical)
toɓɓe ɗe (plural)


hoondu

hoondu ndu (canonical)
kooli ɗi (plural)
honndu (alternative)
feɗeendu (alternative)


reedu

From Proto-Fula-Serer *D/Teer/d (belly, middle), whence also Serer ndeer (“middle, center”).


mooƴu

mooƴu ngu (canonical)
mooƴuuji ɗi (plural)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *max/ƴ, whence also Serer max.


holɓunde

holɓunde nde (canonical)
kolɓule ɗe (plural)


ngaari

From Proto-Fula-Serer *ngɔɔx, whence also Serer nGoox/qoox.


ɓoyre

ɓoyre nde (canonical)
ɓooƴe ɗe (plural)
ɓooƴere (alternative)
ɓooyre (alternative)


nokkuure

nokkuure nde (canonical)
nokkuuje ɗe (plural)


meeɗen

(Pular, Adamawa) first person plural inclusive possessive pronoun, our (including the listener)


kuugal

kuugal ngal (canonical)
kuuɗe ɗe (plural)

Compare huuwugol (Pular), huuwgo (Adamawa).


tetekol

tetekol ngol (canonical)
teteki ɗi (plural)


anndal

anndal ngal (canonical)
annde ɗe (plural)

(Western Niger Fulfulde, Adamawa) knowledge, science


hoodere

hoodere nde (canonical)
ɗe koode (plural)
hoorre (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *xoor/d, whence also Serer xooro/koora (“star”). The Proto-Atlantic root is likely koʈ Possibly cognate with Laalaa ol (“star”).

(Pular, Adamawa, Maasina, Pulaar, Western Niger Fulfulde) star


ngoƴaare

(Fouta Toro)

(Maasina)

(Adamawa) owl; (in particular) the Western barn owl


ndoondi

tlb

(Adamawa, Pular, Western Niger Fulfulde)

ndoondi ndi (canonical)
ndooɗe ɗe (plural)
doondi (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *ndɔw, whence also Serer ndow.


weendu

weendu ndu (canonical)
beeli ɗi (plural)
wééndu (alternative)

Analyzable as /weel/ + /-ru/. From Proto-Fula-Serer *Beel, whence also Serer mbeel/peel (“lake”).


mbiriiwu

mbiriiwu ngu (canonical)
biriiji ɗi (plural)
yertere (alternative)
tiga (alternative)
gerte (alternative)


oolo

oolo
oolɓe
oolde
ooldu
oole
oolal
oolol
ooli
oolum
ooldi
oolu
oola
oolam
oolel
oolon


haabiiru

haabiiru ndu (canonical)
kaabiiji ɗi (plural)

Momordica charantia
Momordica charantia#Translingual


hakkiilo

hakkiilo ngo (canonical)
hakkillo (alternative)
hakkil (alternative)
hakkille (alternative)


hoorre

hoorre nde (canonical)
ɗe koode (plural)


hottollo

hottollo ko (canonical)
hottollooji ɗi (plural)


masarru

masarru ndu (canonical)
masarji ɗi (plural)

From Egyptian Arabic مصر (maṣr, “Egypt”).


maaroori

maaroori ndi (canonical)
maarooje ɗe (plural)
maaro (alternative)


lisaafi

Ultimately (but not necessarily directly) from Arabic اَلْحِسَاب (al-ḥisāb).


leppol

leppol ngol (canonical)
leppi ɗi (plural)


mboynaawu

mboynaawu ngu (canonical)
boynaaji ɗi (plural)

(Adamawa) West African lungfish (Protopterus annectens)


mboodi

mboodi ndi (canonical)
boɗɗe ɗe (plural)
mboddi (alternative)


rawaandu

rawaandu ndu (canonical)
dawaaɗi ɗi (plural)


puccu

puccu ngu (canonical)
pucci ɗi (plural)
𞤨𞤵𞤷𞥆𞤵 (alternative)

Ultimately from Arabic فَرَس (faras, “horse”).


paaɗawu

paaɗawu ngu (canonical)
paaɗaji ɗi (plural)


ñiiwa

ñiiwa nga (canonical)
ñiibi ɗi (plural)
mawba (alternative Pular)
nyiiwa (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *ɲigw Possibly from Westerman's reconstruction of Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-ni-. Compare Proto-Edoid *E-ni (Edo ení), Proto-Yoruboid *é-lĩ (Yoruba erin), Proto-Igboid *é-níNī̀, (Igbo enyi), Proto-Lower Cross River *é-nì:n, Proto-Ogoni *ǹnĩ


nyaaku

nyaaku ngu (canonical)
nyaaki ɗi (plural)
ñaakii (alternative)


nuunuuhi

nuunuuhi ki (canonical)
nuunuuje ɗe (plural)

Parkia biglobosa
Parkia biglobosa#Translingual

(Adamawa) African locust bean, Parkia biglobosa


njamndi

njamndi ndi (canonical)
jamɗe ɗe (plural)
njanndi (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *njɛlɛm (iron), whence also Serer njelem/celem (“iron”). Cognate with Wolof njelem.


ngilngu

ngilngu ngu (canonical)
gilɗi ɗi (plural)


ngaska

Compare wasgo. Possibly related to Serer yas (“to make a hole”).

ngaska aawre

(lit. "seed hole" a little hole in which to sow seeds)

ngaska gawri

(lit. "sorghum hole" a subterranean granary for storing sorghum)


ngalbiihi

ngalbiihi ki (canonical)
ngalbiije ɗe (plural)

(Adamawa) blackberry tree, plum tree, Vitex doniana


ngalalayhi

ngalalayhi ki (canonical)
ngalalayje ɗe (plural)


ngabbu

ngabbu ngu (canonical)
gabbi ɗi (plural)


nelɓi

(Adamawa) Diospyros mespiliformis (jackalberry, African ebony)


ladiri

ladiri ndi (canonical)
ladiije ɗe (plural)

From the root lad- (“to slither, crawl”). Compare ladgo (“to slither”).


kusel

kusel ngel (canonical)
kuselji ɗi (plural)


tenngu

tenngu ngu (canonical)
tenɗi ɗi (plural)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *tem, whence also Mandjak tsem, Mankanya u-ʈeem, Papel ʂɛmɛ.


tekkeenga

Compare tekkugo. Ultimately from Proto-Fula-Serer *Teng/kk (thick).


teddeenga

From the root tedd- (“weighty, important, honored”). Ultimately from Proto-Fula-Serer *tedd (weighty, important, honored), whence also Serer ted (“to be honored, honorable”).


teɓgo

(Adamawa) to pick (fruit, leaves, flowers etc... by hand)


taytawol

taytawol ngol (canonical)
taytaaji ɗi (plural)

From taytugo (“to cross, go right through”).

(Adamawa, agriculture) secondary canal, distribution canal (in an irrigation system)


tandawre

tandawre nde (canonical)
tandawje ɗe (plural)

Colocasia esculenta
Colocasia esculenta#Translingual


tagaadi

tagaadi ndi (canonical)
tagaale ɗe (plural)

Compare taggo/tagugo (“to create (said of God)”).


taɓɓere

taɓɓere nde (canonical)
taɓɓe ɗe (plural)

Nymphaea lotus
Nymphaea lotus#Translingual

(Adamawa) Nenuphar bulb, the edible bulb of Nymphaea lotus


suundu

suundu ndu (canonical)
cuuli ɗi (plural)


soorugo

From the root coor- (“to sell”). Compare soodgo.


soodgo

(Adamawa) to conduct a commercial transaction (either buying or selling)


sonndu

sonndu ndu (canonical)
colli ɗi (plural)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *sol, whence also Saafi-Saafi sɛl (“bird”), Biafada gu-ncudu (“bird”), Bidyogo ŋunkude (“bird”), Bedik ɛ-cʌɗ (“bird”), Wamey səry (“bird”).


sollaare

sollaare nde (canonical)
collaaje ɗe (plural)


sodgo

(Adamawa) to harvest (grains) by cutting the stem


soccoonde

soccoonde nde (canonical)
coccoɗe ɗe (plural)


soɓɓundu

soɓɓundu ndu (canonical)
coɓɓuli ɗi (plural)


siilde

siilde nde (canonical)
ciile ɗe (plural)

Milvus migrans
Milvus migrans#Translingual


senndugo

(Adamawa) to share, distribute, separate


semmbe

semmbe o (canonical)
semmbeeji ɗe (plural)


baatal

baatal ndal (canonical)
baate ɗe (plural)


bumɗo

bumɗo o (canonical)
wumɓe ɓe (plural)
bumɓe (alternative)
gumɗo (alternative)
bunɗo (alternative)

Probably cognate with Serer puul (“blind person”), Wolof gumba (“blind person”).


ɓattarre

ɓattarre nde (canonical)
ɓattatte ɗe (plural)


ɓellere

ɓellere nde (canonical)
ɓelle ɗe (plural)


ɓinngel

ɓinngel ngel (canonical)
ɓikkon kon (plural)
ɓiingel (alternative)

Possibly related to ɓiɗɗo (“child, offspring”), ɓii (“fruit, progeny, child”).


caarol

caarol ngol (canonical)
caaról (alternative)
caartal (alternative)
caaru (alternative)


caayoori

caayoori ndi (canonical)
caayooje ɗe (plural)


ceeɗu

ceeɗu ndu (canonical)
ceeɗuuji ɗi (plural)
keeɗu (alternative)

Cognate with Serer ƈiid (“dry season”).
From seeɗa.

(Pular, Adamawa) the dry & hot season between February and May, dry season


ciwto

ciwto o (canonical)
siwtuɓe ɓe (plural)
siwtaaɗo (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *siwd, whence also Serer siid (“twin”).


cufu

cufu ngu (canonical)
cufi ɗi (plural)
sonsoliwii (alternative)


dabbunde

dabbunde nde (canonical)
dabbuɗe ɗe (plural)

(Adamawa, Pulaar) the dry and cold season between November and January winter


danngo

danngo ngo (canonical)
dawɗe ɗe (plural)


derkeejo

derkeejo o (canonical)
derke'en ɓe (plural)

(Adamawa) young boy or girl (from 6 to 17 years old)


duumol

duumol ngol (canonical)
dunngu (alternative)
ndunngu (alternative)


silɓere

silɓere nde (canonical)
cilɓe ɗe (plural)


aawre

aawre nde (canonical)
awdi (alternative)


ayiibe

ayiibe nga (canonical)
ayiibeeji ɗi (plural)


bammbaaɗo

bammbaaɗo o (canonical)
wammbaaɓe ɓe (plural)


baskoore

baskoore nde (canonical)
baskooje ɗe (plural)
waskoore (alternative)
takuure (alternative Pular)


loohoowo

loohoowo o (canonical)
loohooɓe ɓe (plural)


luuro

luuro ngo (canonical)
luurooji ɗi (plural)


ribinoore

ribinoore nde (canonical)
dibinooje ɗe (plural)


riggaango

riggaango ngo (canonical)
diggaali ɗi (plural)


pallaandi

pallaandi ndi (canonical)
pallaaɗe ɗe (plural)


ommbal

ommbal ngal (canonical)
ommbe ɗe (plural)


nyebbam

nyebbam ɗam (canonical)
nebbam (alternative)


laamu

laamu ngu (canonical)
𞤽𞤢𞥄𞤥𞤵 (alternative)

power, leadership, sovereignty, authority, royalty


kurol

Possibly related to Serer qas (“arrow”).


kosngal

kosngal ngal (canonical)
kosɗe ɗe (plural)
koyngal (alternative)


unordu

unordu ndu (canonical)
unorɗi ɗi (plural)
wowru (alternative)


ulumwu

ulumwu ngu (canonical)
ulumji ɗi (plural)


njawdi

njawdi ndi (canonical)
jawɗi ɗi (plural)
njawdiri (alternative)
jawdi (alternative)


nofru

nofru ndu (canonical)
noppi ɗi (plural)
nowru (alternative)
nofuru (alternative)

From Proto Fula-Serer *nof, from Proto-Atlantic. Cognate with Serer nof, Wolof nopp, Laalaa nof, Noon nof, Nalu naw, Baga Pokur nʊf, Biafada nufa, Palor nuf, Mbulungish nop. Possibly related to Sherbro nui, Mmani nu, Mansoanka ni, Gola kenu.


nokkannde

nokkannde nde (canonical)
nokkanɗe ɗe (plural)


kiikorwal

kiikorwal ngal (canonical)
kiikorwe ɗe (plural)


nyiindere

nyiindere nde (canonical)
nyiiƴe ɗe (plural)
ñiire (alternative)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *ɲiɲ, whence also Serer ñiiñ. Cognate with Bidyogo kaɲi. Possibly related to Proto-Bantu *ìjínò (“tooth”).


maaɗa

Ley orol wo miin dobii e maaɗa.

(Adamawa, Maasina) second person singular possessive pronoun

aɗa

second person singular subject pronoun; long form


meeɗon

(Pular, Adamawa) second person plural possessive pronoun, your

hiɗon

second person plural subject pronoun; long form


maɓɓe

(Pular, Adamawa) third person plural possessive pronoun, their

eɓe

third person plural subject pronoun; long form


jareehi

Albizia chevalieri
Albizia chevalieri#Translingual


yawdeho

(Adamawa, Maasina) swamp ricegrass (Leersia hexandra)


kukumhi

(Adamawa, Maasina) (Maerua oblongifolia)


mallum

mallum o (canonical)
mallum'en ɓe (plural)

. Likely from Arabic مُعَلِّم (muʕallim, “teacher”).

(Adamawa) marabout, master of a traditional Qur'anic school


wiɓɓere

wiɓɓere nde (canonical)
biɓɓe ɗe (plural)


callugol

callugol ngol (canonical)
calluɗi ɗi (plural)


kersol

kersol ngol (canonical)
kersi ɗi (plural)


kettam

kettam ɗam (canonical)
kettungol (alternative)


kiitoowo

kiitoowo o (canonical)
hiitooɓe ɓe (plural)


kilaajo

kilaajo o (canonical)
kiila'en ɓe (plural)


geccawol

geccawol ngol (canonical)
geccaaji ɗi (plural)


liiliwol

liiliwol ngol (canonical)
liiliji ɗi (plural)


abalayru

abalayru ndu (canonical)
abalayji ɗi (plural)


alooru

alooru ndu (canonical)
alooji ɗi (plural)


doomru

doomru ndu (canonical)
doombi ɗi (plural)


gaduuru

gaduuru ndu (canonical)
gaduuji ɗi (plural)


tummbirdu

(Adamawa) ceremony for completing Quran'ic studies


tokkere

tokkere nde (canonical)
tokke ɗe (plural)
sefre (alternative)
coggal (alternative Pular)
sewre (alternative)


tireewa

tireewa nga (canonical)
tireeji ɗi (plural)


tiinaare

tiinaare nde (canonical)
tiinaaje ɗe (plural)
tiinitaare (alternative)


wutaandu

wutaandu ndu (canonical)
butaali ɗi (plural)


ƴoolde

ƴoolde nde (canonical)
ƴoole ɗe (plural)


yerima

yerima o (canonical)
yerima'en ɓe (plural)


yelleere

yelleere nde (canonical)
gelleeje ɗe (plural)
yelloore (alternative)
gelleere (alternative)


yeeraande

yeeraande nde (canonical)
geeraaɗe ɗe (plural)
ɓoƴƴoonde (alternative)
ɓoccoonde (alternative)
woofoonde (alternative Pular)
laalaande (alternative)
ranndere (alternative)


wowtere

wowtere nde (canonical)
bowte ɗe (plural)


wileewo

wileewo ngo (canonical)
bileeji ɗi (plural)
gabitol (alternative Pular)
wifongo (alternative Pular)
wippeengo (alternative)
bippolal (alternative)


wawru

wawru ndu (canonical)
gaawi ɗi (plural)
woyndu (alternative Pular)
ɓulndu (alternative)
ɓunndu (alternative)
ɓolndu (alternative)
wóyndu (alternative Pulaar)


wakkude

wakkude nde (canonical)
bakkuɗe ɗe (plural)
wokkude (alternative Pular)
wakkudu (alternative)


wamnde

wamnde nde (canonical)
bamɗe ɗe (plural)
mbabba (alternative Pular)
ndaakiire (alternative)
araawa (alternative)
dakiya (alternative)


hooseere

hooseere nde (canonical)
kooseeje ɗe (plural)
fello (alternative Pular)
ferro (alternative)
fuc (alternative)
haayre (alternative)
waamnde (alternative)


naafki

naafɗe ɗe (plural)
ley-nawki (alternative Pular)
nawki (alternative)
naawki (alternative)


gelleehi

gelleehi ki (canonical)
gelleeje ɗe (plural)
gellohi (alternative)


gerlal

gerlal ngal (canonical)
gerle ɗe (plural)

(Adamawa) francolin, Francolinus bicalcaratus


gertogal

gertogal ngal (canonical)
gertooɗe ɗe (plural)


koombewal

koombewal ngal (canonical)
koombeeje ɗe (plural)


kojoli

kojoli ki (canonical)
kojole ɗe (plural)

(Adamawa) African birch, Terminalia leiocarpa


kokoɓi

kokoɓi ki (canonical)
kokoɓe ɗe (plural)


norwa

norwa nga (canonical)
norji ɗi (plural)
noorwa (alternative)
nooda (alternative)
ŋata (alternative)
gilaŋeeru (alternative)
nóóróó (alternative)
noora (alternative)


ndumsa

ndumsa nga (canonical)
dumsi ɗi (plural)


ngeelooba

ngeelooba nga (canonical)
geelooɗi ɗi (plural)
ngelooba (alternative Pular)


toɓo

From Proto-Fula-Serer *Toɓ, whence also Serer ateƥ (“rain”).


iyeende

iyeende nde (canonical)
iyeele ɗe (plural)


ɗoofta

From Proto-Fula-Serer *ɗoof, whence also Serer ɗoof (“to weed by hand”).


ɗelka

From Proto-Fula-Serer *ɗel, whence also Serer deleɓ (“to shine (after being cleaned)”).


morlere

morlere nde (canonical)
morle ɗe (plural)

From Proto-Fula-Serer *moorl, whence also Serer mool.


maatugo

From Proto-Fula-Serer *maaʈ, whence also Serer maad.


goɗɗo

goɗɗo
woɗɓe
woɓɓe (Pular dialectal)
woɗnde
wonnde (Pular dialectal)
woɗndu
wonndu (Pular dialectal)
woɗnge
wonnge (Pular dialectal)
woɗngo
wonngo (Pular dialectal)
woɗko
wokko (Pular dialectal)
goɗngal
gonngal (Pular dialectal)
goɗngol
gonngol (Pular dialectal)
goɗki
wokki (Pular dialectal)
goɗkol
gokkol (Pular dialectal)
goɗɗum
ngoɗndi
wonndi (Pular dialectal)
ngoɗngu
wonngu (Pular dialectal)
ngoɗka
wokka (Pular dialectal)
ngoɗɗam
goɗɗam (Pular dialectal)
goɗngel
gonngel (Pular dialectal)
goɗngum
gokkum (Pular dialectal)
goɗkal
gokkal (Pular dialectal)
ngoɗkon
gokkoy (Pular dialectal)
ngoɗnga
wommba (Pular dialectal)
goɗɗi
goɗɗe

Goɗɗo go'o

Goɗɗum go'o

(Adamawa, Maasina, Pular) someone else, another


dimo

dimo
rimɓe
rimre
rimru
rime
rimo
dimal
dimol
dimi
dimum
ndimri
ndimu
ndima
ndimam
dimel
ndimon
ndimo
dime