abduction

Learned borrowing from Latin abductiō(n) (“robbing; abduction”), from abdūcō (“take or lead away”) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results).

lbor

(logic, computing) abductive reasoning; abduction


aberration

Unadapted borrowing from Latin aberrātiō(n) (“relief, diversion”), from aberr(ā) (“wander away, go astray”) (from ab (“away”) + errō (“wander”)) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results). Compare English aberration.


about

(technical) the extremity of a metallic or wooden element or piece


lente

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *lenditem, alteration of Late Latin lendinem, itself an alteration of Classical Latin lendem.


avatar

From Hindustani अवतार / اوتار (avtār), from Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra, “descent of a deity from a heaven”), a compound of अव (ava, “off, away, down”) and the vṛddhi-stem of the root तरति (√tṝ, “to cross”).


FAC

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Force aérienne du Canada: CAF (“Canadian Air Force”)


LED

light-emitting diode
light-emitting diode#English

(electronics) LED (light-emitting diode)


mobile

Learned borrowing from Latin mōbilis. Doublet of meuble.


indice

Borrowed from Latin indicium, from indicō (“point out, indicate, show”).


dictionnaire

Haitian Creole: diksyonè

desc

Louisiana Creole: diksyonær, diksyonè, diksyonèr

→ Dutch: dictionaire

→ German: Diktionär

→ Franco-Provençal: diccionèro

→ Romanian: dicționar

→ Turkish: diksiyoner

Inherited from Middle French dictionnaire, borrowed from Medieval Latin dictiōnārium (“dictionary”), derived from Latin dictiō (“saying, speaking”) + -ārium.

bor

(computing) dictionary, an associative array


zipper

zipper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
zippant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
zippé (participle past)
zippe (first-person indicative present singular)
zippes (indicative present second-person singular)
zippe (indicative present singular third-person)
zippons (first-person indicative plural present)
zippez (indicative plural present second-person)
zippent (indicative plural present third-person)
zippais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
zippais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
zippait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
zippions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
zippiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
zippaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
zippai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
zippas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
zippa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
zippâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
zippâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
zippèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
zipperai (first-person future indicative singular)
zipperas (future indicative second-person singular)
zippera (future indicative singular third-person)
zipperons (first-person future indicative plural)
zipperez (future indicative plural second-person)
zipperont (future indicative plural third-person)
zipperais (conditional first-person singular)
zipperais (conditional second-person singular)
zipperait (conditional singular third-person)
zipperions (conditional first-person plural)
zipperiez (conditional plural second-person)
zipperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
zippe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
zippes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
zippe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
zippions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
zippiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
zippent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
zippasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
zippasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
zippât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
zippassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
zippassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
zippassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
zippe (imperative second-person singular)
zippons (first-person imperative plural)
zippez (imperative plural second-person)


pistil

→ English: pistil

→ Romanian: pistil

Borrowed from Latin pistillum. Compare Old French pestel.

Coordinate term: étamine


NC

(nautical, telecommunications) CS (“cable ship”): Initialism of navire câblier (“cable ship”).


positron

→ Persian: پوزیترون (pozitron)


verre

Haitian Creole: vè

Louisiana Creole: vè, vèr, vær

Inherited from Middle French voirre (most probably pronounced /ˈvwɛːrə/), from Old French voirre, from Latin vitrum. Doublet of vitre.
The irregular evolution of /wɛ/ into /ɛ/ in this word is "early but normal after labials"; the influence of derivatives with an etymological first-syllable /ɛ/ may also be relevant. Compare François vs. Français, roide vs. raide.

un verre de lunettes

un verre grossissant

(countable) Object of this substance
(optics) lens, glass


chromosome

19th century: chromo- + -some, from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”) (because they are stained under the microscope).


neck

(geology) neck (solidified lava filling the vent of an extinct volcano)


rain

From Middle French rain, from Old Dutch *rein, *rēn, from Proto-West Germanic *rain (“raised land, baulk, ridge”), from Proto-Germanic *rainaz, *rainō (“baulk, ridge”). Cognate with Dutch reen, rein, German Rain, English rean.

der

(geography) a raised border on a field or forest that serves as a boundary


bouton

Antillean Creole: bouton

→ Bulgarian: бутон (buton)

→ English: bouton

→ Khmer: ប៊ូតុង (buutong)

→ Malagasy: bokotra

→ Romanian: buton

→ Russian: бутон (buton)

→ Turkish: buton

Inherited from Middle French bouton, boton, from Old French bouton, boton (“button, bud”), from Vulgar Latin *bautōnem, accusative of bautō, from Frankish *bautō (“that which pushes up, bump, knob”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan (“to beat, push”). By surface analysis, bouter + -on. Cognate with Old High German bōzo (“bundle, flaxbundle”), Old Saxon bōto (“bunch or bundle of flaxs”). Compare Italian bottone, Spanish botón, which are borrowings of the French word.


gravitation

English gravitation, itself borrowed from New Latin gravitātiō.

Near-synonyms: pesanteur, gravité


race

desctree

→ German: Rasse
→ Czech: rasa
→ Polish: rasa
→ Serbo-Croatian: rasa
→ Slovene: rasa

→ Romanian: rasă

As Middle French rasse "entirety of ancestors and descendants of the same family or people", from ca. 1480,
spelling Middle French race recorded in 1549, from Italian razza (13th century), of uncertain origin (more at razza).


simple

→ Romanian: simplu

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin simplex.

Coordinate term: complexe

phrase simple

Coordinate term: composé

corps simple

(grammar)
(chemistry) simple, uncompounded


rang

→ Catalan: rang

→ German: Rang

→ Romanian: rang

→ Italian: rango

→ Piedmontese: rangh

→ Haitian Creole: ran

→ Russian: ранг (rang)

→ Sicilian: rangu, rannu

→ Spanish: rango

Inherited from Middle French ranc, from Old French renc, reng, ranc, rang, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”). Cognate with Dutch ring, German Ring, English ring.

der

(Canada, geography) a series of land plots narrower than deep, running perpendicular to a river or road

(Canada, geography) the road serving such a series of plots


cloud

(computing, Anglicism, with le) the cloud


balance

→ Russian: бала́нс (baláns)

→ Ukrainian: бала́нс (baláns)

Inherited from Middle French balance, from Old French balance, from Vulgar Latin *bilancia, from Latin bilanx, from bi- (see Latin bis) and lanx.

(economics, electricity, politics) balance


base

→ Czech: báze

→ Danish: base
→ Icelandic: basi m

→ Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: base

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: base

→ Romanian: bază

desctree

→ Russian: база (baza)
→ Armenian: բազա (baza)
→ Azerbaijani:
Cyrillic script: база
Latin script: baza
→ Crimean Tatar:
Cyrillic script: база
Latin script: baza
→ Georgian: ბაზა (baza)
→ Kazakh:
Arabic script: بازا (baza)
Cyrillic script: база (baza)
→ Mongolian:
Mongolian script: [Term?]
Cyrillic script: бааз (baaz)
→ Tuvan: бааза (baaza)

→ Vietnamese: bazơ

Inherited from Old French base, from Latin basis, from Ancient Greek βάσις (básis).


microbe

→ English: microbe
→ Welsh: microb

→ Persian: میکروب (mikrob)

→ Romanian: microb

→ Spanish: microbio
→ Tagalog: mikrobyo

→ Turkish: mikrop

From Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós, “small”) and βίος (bíos, “life”).


neutron

→ Persian: نوترون (nutron)

English neutron, a scientific coinage based on Latin neuter.


mayonnaise

→ Danish: mayonnaise

→ Dutch: mayonaise

→ English: mayonnaise

→ German: Mayonnaise

→ Greek: μαγιονέζα (magionéza)

→ Indonesian: mayones

→ Japanese: マヨネーズ (mayonēzu)

→ Polish: majonez

→ Portuguese: maionese

→ Tetum: maioneze

→ Russian: майонез (majonez)

Possibly named after the city Maó, Minorca, whence the recipe was brought back to France. Alternative suggested origins include the city of Bayonne (bayonnaise); the French word manier (“to handle”); the Old French moyeu (“egg yolk”); and the Duke of Mayenne.

(analogy, mechanics, informal) milkshake (accidental emulsion of oil and water in an engine)


aa

(geology, often attributive) the surface of an aa lava flow


pomme

Inherited from Middle French pomme, from Old French pome, pume, from Latin pōma, plural of pōmum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular, from Proto-Italic *poomos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂po-h₁ém-os (“taken off”). Compare English pome.

inh

pomme épineuse

(botany) the fruit part of several vegetables, such as the heart of a cabbage or lettuce


passage

→ Czech: pasáž

→ German: Passage

→ Polish: pasaż

→ Portuguese: passagem

→ Romanian: pasaj

→ Russian: пасса́ж (passáž)

→ Turkish: pasaj

→ Persian: پاساژ (pâsâž)

(astronomy) Moment when a star or planet occults another, or crosses a meridian


cœur

Antillean Creole: kè

Haitian Creole: kè, kœ

→ Polish: kier

Inherited from Middle French coeur, from Old French cuer, from Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.


dev

(computing) Synonym of développeur (“dev”)


arbre

Inherited from Old French arbre, from Latin arborem. See also Catalan arbre, Italian albero, Occitan arbre, Portuguese árvore, Romanian arbore.

la pomme ne tombe jamais loin de l’arbre


fleur

Haitian Creole: flè

Inherited from Old French flur, flour, flor, from Latin flōrem (“flower; the finest part of something”), from Proto-Italic *flōs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-s (“flower, blossom”), from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”). In some senses, from Middle French fleur (“surface, upper side, top layer”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *flōraz (“floor”).

inh

Je suis allé cueillir une fleur dans les champs.

Il m’a offert de magnifiques fleurs.

(botany) flower; bloom; blossom; collectively, the reproductive organs and the envelope which surrounds them in angiosperms (also called "flowering plants")

Fleurs de soufre, de zinc, d’arsenic, d’antimoine.

refinements of sulfur, zinc, arsenic, antimony

(archaic, chemistry) Substances with a state of purity or extreme separation, produced by sublimation


NBC

(weaponry) Initialism of nucléaire, bactériologique, chimique.: NBC (“nuclear, biological, chemical”)


sole

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.


langage

Haitian Creole: langaj

→ English: langaj

Mauritian Creole: langaz

Louisiana Creole: langaj

→ Romanian: limbaj (partial calque)

Inherited from Middle French language, from Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *linguāticum, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”) (whence langue). By surface analysis, langue + -age.

programming language
programming language


accrescent

fr-adj

accrescent (feminine accrescente, masculine plural accrescents, feminine plural accrescentes)

accrescente (feminine)
accrescents (masculine plural)
accrescentes (feminine plural)


acétylène

→ English: acetylene


solstice

Inherited from Old French solstice, borrowed from Latin solstitium.


sel

Inherited from Middle French sel, from Old French sel, from Latin salem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂l-.


lumen

(physics) lumen (SI unit of measurement)


lion

Haitian Creole: lyon

Mauritian Creole: lyon

Seychellois Creole: lyon

Inherited from Old French lion, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin leōnem, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).


ADN

La police a recours à l'analyse ADN pour identifier les criminels.

Police resort to DNA analysis in order to identify criminals.

acide désoxyribonucléique
acide désoxyribonucléique#French

(biology, genetics) Initialism of acide désoxyribonucléique (“DNA”).


bureau

→ Brazilian Portuguese: birô

→ Catalan: buró

→ Crimean Tatar: büro

→ Dutch: bureau

→ English: bureau

→ German: Büro

→ Haitian Creole: biwo

→ Lingala: biló

→ Piedmontese: burò

→ Polish: biuro

→ Romanian: birou

→ Russian: бюро́ (bjuró)

→ Sedang: bơrô

→ Serbo-Croatian: biro

→ Spanish: buró

→ Swedish: byrå

→ Tamil: பீரோ (pīrō)

→ Turkish: büro

Inherited from Old French burel, diminutive of *bure (compare Middle French bure (“coarse woolen cloth”), French bourre (“hair, fluff”)), from Late Latin burra (“wool, fluff, shaggy cloth, coarse fabric”); akin to Ancient Greek βερβέριον (berbérion, “shabby garment”).

cog

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(computing, graphical user interface) desktop (on-screen background)


aber

(geography) a ria, especially one in Brittany


trait

Inherited from Old French trait, from Latin tractus.

(geology) color of the dust produced by a mineral


moment

→ Persian: ممان (momân)


crack

(computing) crack (program or procedure designed to circumvent restrictions)


adresse

Inherited from Middle French [Term?], from Old French adrece, from Old French adresser. Equivalent to a deverbal from adresser.

(computing) address (location or instructions to location a piece of data)


gel

→ Persian: ژل (žel)

Inherited from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). For the sense of "gel", compare English gel; compare gélatine.

(seasons, time) freeze-up, one of the 6 seasons of high latitudes; the freeze.


direction

→ Turkish: direksiyon

→ Hijazi Arabic: دركسون (diriksōn)

(mechanics) Set of subsystems which allow to orient the wheels of a vehicle.


calque

→ Belarusian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Bulgarian: ка́лка (kálka)

→ Catalan: calc (semantic loan)

→ Czech: kalk

→ English: calque

→ Georgian: კალკი (ḳalḳi)

→ Italian: calco (semantic loan)

→ Latvian: kalks

→ Macedonian: калка (kalka)

→ Polish: kalka

→ Romanian: calc

→ Russian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̏лк (kȁlk)

→ Slovak: kalk

→ Slovene: kalk

→ Spanish: calco (semantic loan)

→ Ukrainian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Yiddish: קאַלקע (kalke)

Deverbal from calquer, borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calcāre (“to tread”).


bolide

→ Czech: bolid

→ Dutch: bolide

→ English: bolide

→ Polish: bolid

→ Portuguese: bólide

→ Romanian: bolid

→ Slovak: bolid

→ Spanish: bólido

Learned borrowing from Latin bolis, from Ancient Greek βολίς (bolís).


barbe

Inherited from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe, from Latin barba, from earlier *farba, from Proto-Italic *farβā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂ (“beard”).

La besogne des bœufs terminée, vinrent des serviteurs qui, armés d’écopes de bois, élevaient le blé en l’air et le laissaient retomber pour le séparer des pailles, des barbes et des cosses.

1858, Théophile Gautier, Le Roman de la momie:

The work of the oxen finished, servants came who, armed with wooden scoops, lifted the wheat into the air and let it fall back to separate the straw, the barbs, and the seed pods.


liaison

→ English: liaison

→ Italian: liaison

Inherited from Old French, from Late Latin ligātiōnem, derived from Latin ligō (“bind”), or formed from lier + -aison based on the Latin word. Compare also Old Occitan liazó, liazon.


sono

Je me branche sur votre sono.

public address system
public address system

(music, electronics) sound system, PA system, public address system


admittance

(physics) admittance (the reciprocal of impedance)


pays

→ Catalan: país

→ Galician: país

→ Portuguese: país (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: país

Inherited from Middle French pays, from Old French pais, from Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”), derived from Latin pāgus (“countryside; district”).
See related terms. Cognates include Italian paese. Borrowed into Catalan, Portuguese, and Spanish as país. Cognates in regional languages in France: Norman payis, Gallo peïs, Picard poaiyis, Bourguignon paiyis, Franco-Provençal payis, Occitan país, Corsican paese.

inh

prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous


piste

→ Catalan: pista

→ Dutch: piste

→ English: piste

→ German: Piste

→ Greek: πίστα (písta)

→ Persian: پیست (pist)

→ Turkish: pist

Borrowed from Italian pista, variant of pesta (“footprint”).

piste d’atterrissage


panic

(botany) cockspur grass, panic, panicgrass


application

Inherited from Middle French application, from Old French aplicacion, from Latin applicātiōnem.


programme

desctree

→ English: program
→ Malay: program
→ Tok Pisin: program

→ Polish: program

→ Romanian: program

→ Persian: پروگرام (porogrâm)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پروغرام (program)

Turkish: program

Learned borrowing from Late Latin programma, from Ancient Greek πρόγραμμα (prógramma).

lbor

computer program
computer program#English

(computing) a program (item of software; a computer program)


programmer

programmer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
programmant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
programmé (participle past)
programme (first-person indicative present singular)
programmes (indicative present second-person singular)
programme (indicative present singular third-person)
programmons (first-person indicative plural present)
programmez (indicative plural present second-person)
programment (indicative plural present third-person)
programmais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
programmais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
programmait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
programmions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
programmiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
programmaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
programmai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
programmas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
programma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
programmâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
programmâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
programmèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
programmerai (first-person future indicative singular)
programmeras (future indicative second-person singular)
programmera (future indicative singular third-person)
programmerons (first-person future indicative plural)
programmerez (future indicative plural second-person)
programmeront (future indicative plural third-person)
programmerais (conditional first-person singular)
programmerais (conditional second-person singular)
programmerait (conditional singular third-person)
programmerions (conditional first-person plural)
programmeriez (conditional plural second-person)
programmeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
programme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
programmes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
programme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
programmions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
programmiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
programment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
programmasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
programmasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
programmât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
programmassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
programmassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
programmassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
programme (imperative second-person singular)
programmons (first-person imperative plural)
programmez (imperative plural second-person)

(computing) to program, to write program code


cap

Borrowed from Occitan cap, from Latin caput. Doublet of chef.

(Quebec, geography) cap (summit of a mountain)


bugger

bugger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
buggeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
buggé (participle past)
bugge (first-person indicative present singular)
bugges (indicative present second-person singular)
bugge (indicative present singular third-person)
buggeons (first-person indicative plural present)
buggez (indicative plural present second-person)
buggent (indicative plural present third-person)
buggeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
buggeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
buggeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
buggions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
buggiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
buggeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
buggeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
buggeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
buggea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
buggeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
buggeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
buggèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
buggerai (first-person future indicative singular)
buggeras (future indicative second-person singular)
buggera (future indicative singular third-person)
buggerons (first-person future indicative plural)
buggerez (future indicative plural second-person)
buggeront (future indicative plural third-person)
buggerais (conditional first-person singular)
buggerais (conditional second-person singular)
buggerait (conditional singular third-person)
buggerions (conditional first-person plural)
buggeriez (conditional plural second-person)
buggeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
bugge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bugges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bugge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
buggions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
buggiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
buggent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
buggeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
buggeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
buggeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
buggeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
buggeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
buggeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bugge (imperative second-person singular)
buggeons (first-person imperative plural)
buggez (imperative plural second-person)

Quand je l’ai vue arriver, cela s’est passé comme dans la série, j’ai buggé. Elle était déjà trés jolie.

2021 April 15, Benjamin Bourgois, quotee, “Benjamin Bourgois: "On a été autorisés à s'embrasser"”, in La Provence, →ISSN, page 32:

When I saw her arrive, it happened like in the series: I glitched. She was already very pretty.

(computing, also figurative) to malfunction, to glitch


enzyme

From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) + ζύμη (zúmē, “sourdough”).


allô

→ Hijazi Arabic: ألو

→ Persian: الو (alo)

→ Romanian: alo

→ Russian: алло́ (alló)

→ Spanish: aló

→ Turkish: alo

→ Vietnamese: a-lô

(telephony) hello (when answering at the beginning of a call)

Allô? Tu m’entends?

(telephony) used to confirm that the person being addressed is listening, or to confirm if anyone is listening


moteur

→ Persian: موتور (motor)

Borrowed from Latin mōtor. Displaced Old French mouveur.

moteur de recherche


limousine

→ Dutch: limousine

→ English: limousine

→ German: Limousine

desc

→ Portuguese: limusine, limusina, limousine

→ Russian: лимузи́н (limuzín) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: limuzin

From the name of the former French region Limousin, from Limoges. The naming of the car is sometimes attributed to Limoges-born engineer Charles Jeantaud.


mac

(colloquial, computing) Clipping of Macintosh.


nœud

Inherited from Old French neu, from Latin nōdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gned-, *gnod- (“to bind”). Doublet of knout.


coup

→ Danish: kup

→ Dutch: coup

→ English: coup

→ German: Coup

Mauritian Creole: kou

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kupp

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kupp

→ Swedish: kupp

Inherited from Old French colp, cop, from Late Latin colpus, syncopated form of Latin colaphus, from Ancient Greek κόλαφος (kólaphos).

pistolet à six coups


incident

fr-adj

incident (feminine incidente, masculine plural incidents, feminine plural incidentes)

incidente (feminine)
incidents (masculine plural)
incidentes (feminine plural)


trans

Learned borrowing from Latin trāns. Doublet of très.


patch

(computing) patch (piece of code used to fix a bug)


œuf

→ English: oeuf

⇒? English: love (“score of zero”)

Haitian Creole: ze

→ Limburgish: äöf

Inherited from Middle French œuf, from Old French oef, from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum. Compare Occitan uòu.

mettre tous ses œufs dans le même panier

on ne fait pas d’omelette sans casser des œufs


benzine

→ Greek: βενζίνη f (venzíni)

→ Polish: benzyna f

→ Romanian: benzină f

→ Turkish: benzin

→ Ukrainian: бензи́н (benzýn)


glacier

→? Catalan: glacera (calque)

desctree

→ English: glacier
→ Hindi: ग्लेशियर (gleśiyar)

→ Italian: ghiacciaio (calque)

→ New Latin: glaciārium (calque)

→ Romanian: ghețar (calque)

→ Spanish: glaciar
→ Galician: glaciar
→ Portuguese: glaciar

Borrowed from Franco-Provençal gllaciér. First attested in 1757. Cognate with German Gletscher.


dossier

→ English: dossier

→ Dutch: dossier
→ Indonesian: dosir

→ German: Dossier

→ Hijazi Arabic: دوسيه (dōsē)

→ Italian: dossier

→ Luxembourgish: Dossier

desc

→ Portuguese: dossiê, dossier (unadapted form)

→ Romanian: dosar

→ Sicilian: dusseri, dossier

→ Spanish: dossier, dosier

→ Ottoman Turkish: دوسیه (dosya)

Turkish: dosya

Inherited from Middle French dossier. By surface analysis, dos (“back(side)”) + -ier.


casque

→ Bulgarian: ка́ска (káska)

→ English: casque

→ Romanian: cască

→ Russian: ка́ска (káska)

→ Turkish: kask

→ Ukrainian: ка́ска (káska)


immutable

Learned borrowing from Latin immūtābilis. Compare immuable.


soft

(computing, countable) a piece of software


charge

→ Brazilian Portuguese: charge

→ Romanian: șarjă

→ Turkish: şarj, şarz (misspelling)

Inherited from Middle French charge, from Old French charge, carge, equivalent to a deverbal from charger.


col

→ Hausa: kwal

Inherited from Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.

(geography) col (dip on a mountain ridge)


style

→ Czech: styl

→ Italian: stile

→ Polish: styl

→ Romanian: stil

→ Serbo-Croatian: stȉl

→ Turkish: stil

Inherited from Middle French stile, from Old French estile, borrowed from Latin stilus.


gangue

A borrowing from German Gang (“way, path, trail, track, course, line, duct”).


hacker

hacker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
hackant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
hacké (participle past)
hacke (first-person indicative present singular)
hackes (indicative present second-person singular)
hacke (indicative present singular third-person)
hackons (first-person indicative plural present)
hackez (indicative plural present second-person)
hackent (indicative plural present third-person)
hackais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
hackais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
hackait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
hackions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hackiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
hackaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
hackai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
hackas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
hacka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
hackâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
hackâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
hackèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
hackerai (first-person future indicative singular)
hackeras (future indicative second-person singular)
hackera (future indicative singular third-person)
hackerons (first-person future indicative plural)
hackerez (future indicative plural second-person)
hackeront (future indicative plural third-person)
hackerais (conditional first-person singular)
hackerais (conditional second-person singular)
hackerait (conditional singular third-person)
hackerions (conditional first-person plural)
hackeriez (conditional plural second-person)
hackeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
hacke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hackes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hacke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hackions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hackiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hackent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hackasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
hackasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hackât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hackassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
hackassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hackassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hacke (imperative second-person singular)
hackons (first-person imperative plural)
hackez (imperative plural second-person)


-ose

Borrowed from Latin -osus; doublet of the inherited -eux.

(chemistry) -ose, a saccharide (simple sugar)


-on

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ον (-on), neuter of -ος (-os), masculine adjective ending.


seiche

From Swiss French, of uncertain origin. Possibly from German.


titre

→ English: titer, titre

→ Romanian: titru

→ Turkish: titr

→ Persian: تیتر (titr)

→ Vietnamese: tít

Inherited from Old French title, a semi-learned term borrowed from Latin titulus.


genre

→ Bulgarian: жанр (žanr)

→ Dalmatian: genro

→ Danish: genre

→ Dutch: genre

→ English: genre

→ Finnish: genre

→ Franco-Provençal: janro

→ German: Genre

→ Macedonian: жанр (žanr)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: genre, sjanger

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: genre, sjanger

→ Persian: ژانر (žânr)

desctree

→ Russian: жанр (žanr)
→ Armenian: ժանր (žanr)
→ Estonian: žanr
→ Georgian: ჟანრი (žanri)
→ Kazakh: жанр (janr)
→ Latvian: žanrs
→ Lithuanian: žanras
→ Turkmen: žanr
→ Uyghur: ژانىر (zhanir)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жа̏нр

Latin script: žȁnr

→ Swedish: genre

→ Ukrainian: жанр (žanr)

From Old French gen(d)re, borrowed from Latin genere. Sense 6 is a semantic loan from English gender.

semantic loan

Toute espèce vivante ou ayant vécu est rattachée à un genre, selon la nomenclature binominale introduite par Carl von Linné.
Any living or extinct species has a genus, according to the binomial nomenclature introduced by Carl von Linné.


rampant

fr-adj

rampant (feminine rampante, masculine plural rampants, feminine plural rampantes)

rampante (feminine)
rampants (masculine plural)
rampantes (feminine plural)

(botany) extending over the ground rather than climbing upward


compiler

compiler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
compilant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
compilé (participle past)
compile (first-person indicative present singular)
compiles (indicative present second-person singular)
compile (indicative present singular third-person)
compilons (first-person indicative plural present)
compilez (indicative plural present second-person)
compilent (indicative plural present third-person)
compilais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
compilais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
compilait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
compilions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
compiliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
compilaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
compilai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
compilas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
compila (historic indicative past singular third-person)
compilâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
compilâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
compilèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
compilerai (first-person future indicative singular)
compileras (future indicative second-person singular)
compilera (future indicative singular third-person)
compilerons (first-person future indicative plural)
compilerez (future indicative plural second-person)
compileront (future indicative plural third-person)
compilerais (conditional first-person singular)
compilerais (conditional second-person singular)
compilerait (conditional singular third-person)
compilerions (conditional first-person plural)
compileriez (conditional plural second-person)
compileraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
compile (first-person present singular subjunctive)
compiles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
compile (present singular subjunctive third-person)
compilions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
compiliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
compilent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
compilasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
compilasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
compilât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
compilassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
compilassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
compilassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
compile (imperative second-person singular)
compilons (first-person imperative plural)
compilez (imperative plural second-person)

Je n’arrive pas à compiler ce programme...

I can't manage to compile this program...


augite

→ Romanian: augit


cache

From cacher. In the sense "cover, mask", a clipping of cache-œil, cache-nez, etc.


diode

→ Turkish: diyot


geyser

Borrowed from Icelandic Geyser, related to the verb geysa (“to gush”).


lobe

Inherited from Middle French, from Ancient Greek λοβός (lobós).

lobe de l’oreille


magma

From Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma, “paste”).


mica

Borrowed from Latin mīca. Doublet of mie and miche.


mire

Borrowed from Italian mira, from Latin mīrō (“to wonder at”).

(weaponry) aim (action of aiming) [from 1562]


pas

Inherited from Old French pas, from Latin passus.
Its use as an auxiliary negative adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec… passum) in negative constructions – literally “not… a step”, i.e. “not at all” – originally used with certain verbs of motion. In older French other nouns could also be used in this way, such as ne… goutte (“not… a drop”) and ne… mie (“not… a crumb”), but in the modern language pas has become grammaticalized.

Pas de Calais


pion

English pion. By surface analysis, pi + -on (forming particle names).


rooter

rooter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rootant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rooté (participle past)
roote (first-person indicative present singular)
rootes (indicative present second-person singular)
roote (indicative present singular third-person)
rootons (first-person indicative plural present)
rootez (indicative plural present second-person)
rootent (indicative plural present third-person)
rootais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rootais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rootait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rootions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rootiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rootaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rootai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rootas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
roota (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rootâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rootâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rootèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
rooterai (first-person future indicative singular)
rooteras (future indicative second-person singular)
rootera (future indicative singular third-person)
rooterons (first-person future indicative plural)
rooterez (future indicative plural second-person)
rooteront (future indicative plural third-person)
rooterais (conditional first-person singular)
rooterais (conditional second-person singular)
rooterait (conditional singular third-person)
rooterions (conditional first-person plural)
rooteriez (conditional plural second-person)
rooteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
roote (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rootes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
roote (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rootions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rootiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rootent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rootasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rootasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rootât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rootassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rootassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rootassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
roote (imperative second-person singular)
rootons (first-person imperative plural)
rootez (imperative plural second-person)


cuvette

→ English: cuvette

→ German: Küvette

→ Portuguese: cuvete

→ Romanian: chiuvetă

→ Turkish: küvet


document

→ Romanian: document

→ Turkish: doküman


couple

Inherited from Old French couple, from Vulgar Latin *cōpla, from Latin cōpula. Doublet of copule.


interrogation

Borrowed from Latin interrogātiōnem. By surface analysis, interroger + -ation.


plaque

→ Persian: پلاک (pelâk)

From Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from *Old Dutch plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).

der

(geology) plate (especially a tectonic plate)


prise

→ Dutch: prise

→ Greek: πρίζα (príza)

→ Persian: پریز (periz)

→ Romanian: priză

→ Turkish: priz

(electrical) socket, wall socket (also prise électrique)


mansion

Learned borrowing from Latin mansiō. Doublet of maison.


jalousie

Amaranthus tricolor
Amaranthus tricolor#Translingual

(botany) edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor)

Dianthus barbatus
Dianthus barbatus#Translingual

(botany) sweet william (Dianthus barbatus)


caisson

→ English: caisson

→ Turkish: keson

From Old Occitan caisson, from caissa. By surface analysis, caisse + -on.

(engineering) caisson (structure to exclude water)


parasite

Borrowed from Latin parasītus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parásitos).

Des parasites troublent l’appareil.

The equipment is affected by radio interference.

(electronics, in the plural) radio interference


tournesol

Inherited from Old French tournesole, from Latin tornare + sol.


miniature

Borrowed from Italian miniatura. Unrelated to minuscule.

(computing) thumbnail (a miniature preview of a larger image)


nova

novas (plural)
novae (plural)
novæ (plural)


supernova

fr-noun

supernova f (plural supernovas or supernovae)


pivot

Inherited from Old French pivot, of uncertain origin. Compare Catalan piu (“pivot”), Spanish púa (“sharp point, spike”).


cirque

→ Arabic: سِيرْك (sīrk)

→ Persian: سیرک (sirk)

→ English: cirque

→ Turkish: sirk


instance

A derivative of etymology 1, but reborrowed from English.


diaphane

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin diaphanus (“diaphanous”), from Ancient Greek διαφανής (diaphanḗs), from δια- (dia-, “through”) and φαίνω (phaínō, “show”).

lbor

(physics or formal) diaphanous, translucent


ripper

ripper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rippant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rippé (participle past)
rippe (first-person indicative present singular)
rippes (indicative present second-person singular)
rippe (indicative present singular third-person)
rippons (first-person indicative plural present)
rippez (indicative plural present second-person)
rippent (indicative plural present third-person)
rippais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rippais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rippait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rippions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rippiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rippaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rippai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rippas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rippa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rippâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rippâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rippèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
ripperai (first-person future indicative singular)
ripperas (future indicative second-person singular)
rippera (future indicative singular third-person)
ripperons (first-person future indicative plural)
ripperez (future indicative plural second-person)
ripperont (future indicative plural third-person)
ripperais (conditional first-person singular)
ripperais (conditional second-person singular)
ripperait (conditional singular third-person)
ripperions (conditional first-person plural)
ripperiez (conditional plural second-person)
ripperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rippe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rippes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rippe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rippions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rippiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rippent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rippasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rippasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rippât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rippassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rippassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rippassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rippe (imperative second-person singular)
rippons (first-person imperative plural)
rippez (imperative plural second-person)


trombe

→ English: tromp

→ German: Trombe

→ Swedish: tromb

From being shaped like a trumpet. Inherited from Middle French, borrowed from Italian tromba. Doublet of trompe.


ester

From German Essig-Äther (“acetic acid ethyl ester”).


loupe

→ Catalan: lupa

→ Danish: lup

→ Dutch: loep
→ Indonesian: lup

→ English: loupe

→ Finnish: luppi

desctree

→ German: Lupe
Japanese: ルーペ (rūpe)
Korean: 루페 (rupe)

→ Luxembourgish: Lupp

→ Polish: lupa

→ Portuguese: lupa

→ Romanian: lupă

→ Russian: лу́па (lúpa)

→ Spanish: lupa
→ Basque: lupa

→ Swedish: lupp

→ Vietnamese: kính lúp

From Middle French, from Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”), of uncertain origin, though probably from Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”), from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”), *lub- (“to peel, hang”), from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”). Cognate with Dutch dialectal (Meuse-Rhenish) luppe (“piece”); Middle Dutch and Middle Low German lobbe (“dangling part”); Saterland Frisian lobbe (“hanging lump of flesh”); Old English loppe, lobbe (“spider”); Dutch lob (“hanging lip, ruffle or sleeve”). More at lobe.

cog

(botany) burl, a growth on the side of a tree


carton

→ Persian: کارتن (kârton)


allotrope

From Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos, “other”), and τρόπος (trópos, “way, manner”).

L’ozone est un allotrope de l’oxygène


housing

(computing) colocation; A service allowing multiple customers to locate network, server, and storage gear, connect them to a variety of telecommunications and network service providers, with a minimum of cost and complexity


commuter

commuter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
commutant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
commuté (participle past)
commute (first-person indicative present singular)
commutes (indicative present second-person singular)
commute (indicative present singular third-person)
commutons (first-person indicative plural present)
commutez (indicative plural present second-person)
commutent (indicative plural present third-person)
commutais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
commutais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
commutait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
commutions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
commutiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
commutaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
commutai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
commutas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
commuta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
commutâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
commutâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
commutèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
commuterai (first-person future indicative singular)
commuteras (future indicative second-person singular)
commutera (future indicative singular third-person)
commuterons (first-person future indicative plural)
commuterez (future indicative plural second-person)
commuteront (future indicative plural third-person)
commuterais (conditional first-person singular)
commuterais (conditional second-person singular)
commuterait (conditional singular third-person)
commuterions (conditional first-person plural)
commuteriez (conditional plural second-person)
commuteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
commute (first-person present singular subjunctive)
commutes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
commute (present singular subjunctive third-person)
commutions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
commutiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
commutent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
commutasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
commutasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
commutât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
commutassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
commutassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
commutassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
commute (imperative second-person singular)
commutons (first-person imperative plural)
commutez (imperative plural second-person)


relief

→ Bulgarian: реле́ф (reléf)

→ Danish: relief

→ Polish: relief

→ Romanian: relief

→ Russian: рельеф (relʹjef)

→ Swedish: relief

→ Turkish: rölyef

Inherited from Old French, from relever.

(geography, mineralogy) relief, surface elevation


journal

Haitian Creole: jounal

Mauritian Creole: zournal

Borrowings

→ Afrikaans: joernaal

→ Belarusian: журнал (žurnal)

→ Bulgarian: журнал (žurnal)

→ Czech: žurnál

→ Dutch: journaal

→ Egyptian Arabic: جورنال (gōrnāl)

→ English: journal

→ Esperanto: ĵurnalo

Ido: jurnalo

→ Indonesian: jurnal

→ German: Journal

→ Estonian: žurnaal

→ Ladino: jurnal / ז׳ורנאל

→ Latvian: žurnāls

→ Lower Sorbian: žurnal

→ Maltese: ġurnal

→ Malay: jurnal

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ژورنال (jurnal)
Turkish: jurnal

→ Pashto: ژورنال (žurnãl)

→ Persian: ژورنال (žurnâl)

→ Polish: żurnal

→ Portuguese: jornal
→ Hunsrik: Schurnall

→ Romanian: jurnal

→ Russian: журна́л (žurnál) (see there for further descendants)

→ Slovak: žurnál

→ Swedish: journal

→ Ukrainian: журнал (žurnal)

→ West Frisian: sjoernaal

→ Yiddish: זשורנאַל (zhurnal)

Inherited from Old French journal (“daily”), from Latin diurnālis, from diurnus (“of the day”), from diēs (“day”).


longitude

Borrowed from Latin longitūdō (“length, a measured length”), from longus (“long”).


morphine

From Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús) + -ine.


éphémère

Romanian: efemer

Inherited from Old French effimere, borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐφήμερος (ephḗmeros).

(biology) existing for only one day; ephemeral


session

Inherited from Old French session, borrowed from Latin sessiōnem.


plumage

(ornithology, collective noun) plumage (a bird's feathers, collectively speaking)


Aldebaran

Tour à tour bleue et rose comme l’astre trompeur d’Aldebaran, c’était Adrienne ou Sylvie, – c’étaient les deux moitiés d’un seul amour.

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Sylvie”, in Les Filles du feu:

Blue and pink by turns like the deceptive star of Aldebaran, it was Adrienne and Sylvie – they were the two halves of a single love.


lactose

fr-noun

lactose m (usually uncountable, plural lactoses)

Coined by French chemist Marcelin Berthelot, from Latin lac (“milk”) + -ose (“sugar”) (derivation of sucrose). See also lait.


organelle

→ Turkish: organel


covalent

fr-adj

covalent (feminine covalente, masculine plural covalents, feminine plural covalentes)

covalente (feminine)
covalents (masculine plural)
covalentes (feminine plural)


saccharide

(chemistry) Alternative form of saccaride


console

desc

→ Armenian: քոնսոլ (kʻonsol), քոնցոլ (kʻoncʻol) — Constantinople

→ Catalan: consola

→ English: console

→ German: Konsole

→ Greek: κονσόλα (konsóla)

→ Ottoman Turkish: قونسول (konsol)

→ Turkish: konsol

→ Polish: konsola

Probably a shortened from consolateur, denoting the same architectural element, ultimately from consoler (“to console, to comfort”).

(electronics) physical interface allowing the control of an electronic system

(informatics) programmed interface of a system


pastel

→ English: pastel

→ Danish: pastel

→ Dutch: pastel

→ Indonesian: pastel

→ Romanian: pastel

From Italian pastello (“pastel”), from Medieval Latin pastellum (“dough, paste”), from Latin pasta (“dough, paste”), ultimately from Ancient Greek πάστη (pástē, “dough, paste”). Doublet of pastille.


fusion

→ Turkish: füzyon

Inherited from Middle French fusion, from Old French fusion, a borrowing from Latin fūsiōnem. Doublet of foison.

(physics, chemistry) fusion (act of melting or liquefying something by heating it)


mercaptan

Ultimately from Danish mercaptan, which see.


surgeon

Inherited from Middle French sourgon, sourjon, from Old French sorjon, sourjon (“source”) (1200s), from a conjugated form of sourdre (see sourjant) + -on, from Latin surgere. The modern spelling dates from 1541.

(botany) shoot (new growth from the trunk of a tree)


ovule

From Latin ōvum (“egg”) + -ule (diminutive suffix).


plein

fr-adj

plein (feminine pleine, masculine plural pleins, feminine plural pleines)

pleine (feminine)
pleins (masculine plural)
pleines (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French plein, from Latin plēnus, from Proto-Italic *plēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”). Compare Catalan ple; Italian pieno; Portuguese cheio; Romanian plin; Sardinian prenu; Spanish lleno; English plene.


aube

Probably from Latin alapa (“blow, slap, smack”), of uncertain origin.


exception

(programming) exception (interruption in normal processing, typically caused by an error condition)


cafard

fr-noun

cafard m (plural cafards, feminine cafarde)

Francized form of Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”).


cyanose

Coined by François Sulpice Beudant, from Ancient Greek κυάνεος (kuáneos).


mainframe

(computer hardware) mainframe (large, powerful computer connected to terminals)


lunette

→ Portuguese: luneta

refracting telescope
refracting telescope

(astronomy) telescope (refracting telescope)


poste

→ Belarusian: пост (post)

→ Bulgarian: пост (post)

→ Danish: post

→ Dutch: post

→ Indonesian: pos

→ English: post

→ Malay: pos

→ Khmer: ប៉ុស្តិ៍ (poh)

→ Russian: пост (post)

→ Swedish: post

→ Ukrainian: пост (post)

→ Vietnamese: bốt


ligne

Mauritian Creole: lalin

Inherited from Old French ligne, from Latin līnea.


pamplemousse

(botany, France, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, New Caledonia, Réunion, West Africa) pomelo

Cambodia; Laos; Algeria; Tunisia; Cambodia; Laos; Algeria; Tunisia


dragée

→ Bulgarian: драже (draže)

→ Danish: dragé

→ English: dragée

→ Portuguese: drágea

→ Romanian: drajeu

desctree

→ Russian: драже́ (dražé)
→ Armenian: դրաժե (draže)
→ Azerbaijani: draje
→ Georgian: დრაჟე (draže)

→ Spanish: gragea, dragea

→ Swedish: dragé

→ Turkish: draje

→ Ukrainian: драже́ (dražé)

Inherited from Old French dragee, dragie, via Latin tragēmata, from Ancient Greek τραγήματα (tragḗmata, “dried fruits, sweetmeats”), plural of τράγημα (trágēma).

der

[…] ſo I went and fetch’d a good Dram of Rum, and gave him; for I had been ſo good a Husband of my Rum, that I had a great deal left: When he had drank it, I made him take the two Fowling-Pieces, which we always carry’d, and load them with large Swan-Shot, as big as ſmall Piſtol Bullets; then I took four Muſkets, and loaded them with two Slugs, and five ſmall Bullets each; and my two Piſtols I loaded with a Brace of Bullets each; I hung my great Sword as uſual, naked by my Side, and gave Friday his Hatchet.

1722, La vie et les avantures surprenantes de Robinson Crusoe, contenant entre autres évenemens le séjour qu'il a fait pandant vingt-huit ans dans une isle deserte, située sur la côte de l'Amerique, près l'embouchure de la gran riviere Oronooque; son retour dans son isle, & ses autres neveaux voyages. Le tout écrit par lui-même. Traduit de l'anglois., volume 2, Amsterdam: L’Honore et Chatelain, page 96:

(historical, firearms, uncountable) swan-shot, small-shot, hail-shot


piston

→ Catalan: pistó

→ English: piston

→ Greek: πιστόνι (pistóni)

→ Romanian: piston

16th century in the sense of "pestle", borrowed from Italian pistone (15th century), from Latin pistāre, from the root pīnsō (“to crush”).


flush

information technology
information technology

(anglicism, information technology) emptying of the cache


régime

→ English: regime, régime

→ German: Regime

→ Ottoman Turkish: رژیم (rejim)

Turkish: rejim

→ Persian: رژیم (režim)

→ Urdu: رژیم (režim)

→ Arabic: رجيم (rejim)

→ Romanian: regim

desctree

→ Russian: режи́м m (režím), режи́мъ (režím) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Azerbaijani: rejim
→ Kazakh: режим (rejim)

régime de maintenance

(botany) clump of fruits on the end of a branch (in palms, bananas, etc)


cellule

→ Persian: سلول (sellul)


espèce

Borrowed from Latin speciēs. Doublet of épice, an older borrowing.


latitude

From Latin lātitūdō (“breadth, width, latitude”), from lātus (“broad, wide”), from older stlātus.

der

C’est ici que ça se passe, 30°50’ de latitude nord, 30°50’ de longitude ouest… à une journée de distance pour nous, et ils filent sud-sud-ouest à toute vapeur. À ce train-là nous ne verrons rien, […].

1921, H.G. Wells, translated by Henry-D. Davray and B. Kozakiewicz, La Guerre dans les Airs, Mercure de France, page 174:

Le Scoresby Sund est le plus vaste fjord du monde entier. Il est découpé dans la côte Orientale du Groenland entre 70° et 72° de latitude Nord et 22° et 30° de longitude Ouest de Greenwich.

1928, Jean-Baptiste Charcot, Dans la mer du Groenland:

[…] le 12 mars, par 20 degrés de latitude Nord, je rencontrai les vents alizés, je pouvais compter dorénavant sur un plus faible et agréable navigation dans les mers tropicales.

1929, Alain Gerbault, “À la poursuite du soleil”, in De New-York à Tahiti, volume 1:

(geography) the distance from a place to the equator measured in degrees on the meridian; parallel viewing

Latitude australe ou boréale.

Latitude héliocentrique, géocentrique, etc.

Latitude de Sirius.

(astronomy) the angle with a plane parallel to the ecliptic, the straight line that passes through a heavenly body and a particular centre on this plane


sonde

→ Catalan: sonda

→ Danish: sonde

→ Dutch: sonde
→ Indonesian: sonde

→ English: sonde

desctree

→ German: Sonde
→ Russian: зонд (zond)
→ Kazakh: зонд (zond)

→ Italian: sonda
→ Ottoman Turkish: سونده (sonda), سوندا (sonda)
Turkish: sonda

→ Norwegian Bokmål: sonde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: sonde

→ Portuguese: sonda

→ Spanish: sonda

From Middle French, from Old French sonde (“sounding line”), from Old English sund- (“sounding”), as in sundġierd (“sounding-rod”), sundlīne (“sounding-line, lead”), sundrāp (“sounding-rope, lead”), from sund (“ocean, sea”), from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swem(bʰ)- (“to be unsteady, swim”). Cognate with Old Norse sund (“swimming; strait, sound”). More at sound.


trampoline

Borrowed from Spanish trampolín or Italian trampolino. See also French tremplin.


vive

(ichthyology) any of certain kind of fish, mostly in the family Trachinidae, but especially the sand tilefish (Malacanthus plumieri) or the Guinean weever (Trachinus armatus) From FishBase


arachide

→ Czech: arašíd

→ Slovak: arašid

→ Slovene: arašid

From Ancient Greek ἀράχιδνα (arákhidna), diminutive of ἄρακος (árakos).

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea#Translingual

(botany) groundnut, peanut, goober (Arachis hypogaea)


carbone

→ Arabic: كَرْبُون (karbūn)

→ Dutch: carbon

desctree

→ English: carbon
→ Bengali: কার্বন (karbon)
→ Malay: karbon
→ Navajo: káábin
→ Welsh: carbon

→ Ottoman Turkish: قاربون (karbon)

Turkish: karbon

→ Norwegian Bokmål: karbon

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: karbon

→ Portuguese: carbono

→ Romanian: carbon

→ Spanish: carbono
→ Tagalog: karbono

→ Vietnamese: cacbon

Learned borrowing from Latin carbōnem, coined by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789. Doublet of charbon.


trivalent

fr-adj

trivalent (feminine trivalente, masculine plural trivalents, feminine plural trivalentes)

trivalente (feminine)
trivalents (masculine plural)
trivalentes (feminine plural)


pentavalent

pentavalent (feminine pentavalente, masculine plural pentavalents, feminine plural pentavalentes)

pentavalente (feminine)
pentavalents (masculine plural)
pentavalentes (feminine plural)


vivace

Borrowed from Latin vīvācem (“lively, vigorous”).

bor+

(botany) perennial (that can live several years)

(botany) cold hardy (that can withstand frost)


fini

fr-adj

fini (feminine finie, masculine plural finis, feminine plural finies)

finie (feminine)
finis (masculine plural)
finies (feminine plural)

(technical, philosophy) limited, finite (which has an end)


ventre

Inherited from Middle French ventre, from Old French ventre, from Latin ventrem, from Proto-Indo-European *wend-tri-.


manteau

→ English: manteau, mantua

→ Japanese: マント (manto)

→ Korean: 망토 (mangto)

→ Ottoman Turkish: مانتو (manto)

> Turkish: manto (inherited)

→ Persian: مانتو (mânto)

→ Romanian: manta, mantou

→ Russian: манто (manto)

Inherited from Latin mantellum, diminutive of mantum. Compare Italian mantello.


partition

→ Turkish: partisyon

Inherited from Old French particion, from Latin partītiōnem. By surface analysis, partir + -tion.


moule

Inherited from Old French moule, from Vulgar Latin *mŭsclus, from Latin mūsculus. Doublet of muscle.


Foucault

(physics) the French physicist Jean Bernard Léon Foucault


ordre

→ Danish: ordre

→ Norwegian Bokmål: ordre

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: ordre

Inherited from Old French ordre, ordene, borrowed from Latin ōrdinem (accusative of ōrdo). Doublet of the inherited orne, now a regional term with a specialized agricultural sense.

c’est de l’ordre des siréniens


souris

Michif: soorii

Inherited from Middle French souris, from Old French soris, soriz, from Vulgar Latin *sōrīcem, alteration of the Classical Latin sōricem (“shrew”).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English mouse.


Atlas

Learned borrowing from Latin Atlas, from Ancient Greek Ἄτλας (Átlas).

(astronomy) Atlas (star in the Pleiades)

(astronomy) Atlas (crater in the first quadrant of the moon)


Vierge

From vierge (“virgin”), from Latin virgō.

(astronomy) the stellar constellation Virgo


muscovite

→ Romanian: muscovit


triplet

(mathematics, biology, architecture) triplet, group of three things


ACC

aminocyclopropane carboxylique
aminocyclopropane carboxylique#French

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of aminocyclopropane carboxylique (“acide 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylique”).


BIPM

(physics, standardisation) Initialism of Bureau international des poids et mesures.

fr:Bureau international des poids et mesures


CGPM

(physics, standardisation) Initialism of Conférence générale des poids et mesures.

fr:Conférence générale des poids et mesures


MTBE

Nos voitures émettent du CO₂, mais également, c’est moins connu, des molécules de MTBE (métyl tert-butyl éther). Le MTBE a remplacé le plomb comme additif dans l’essence.

2011, Nathalie Chèvre, Suren Erkman, Alerte aux micropolluants, Lausanne: Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, →ISBN, page 32:

méthyl tert-butyl éther
méthyl tert-butyl éther#French

(organic chemistry) Initialism of méthyl tert-butyl éther; MTBE


CAS

(Canada, meteorology) Initialism of cote air santé (“air quality health index”): AQHI


tampon

English: tampon

Persian: تامپون (tâmpon)

German: Tampon

Dutch: tampon

Italian: tampone

Japanese: タンポン (tanpon)

Korean: 탐폰 (tampon)

Portuguese: tampão

Russian: тампо́н (tampón)

Spanish: tampón

Nasalized variant of tapon, from Frankish *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“plug, tap”), cognate with Dutch tappe, German Zapfen, Old English tæppa, English tap.

solution tampon


malware

(computing) malware (software developed to harm a computer system)


moulin

Inherited from Middle French moulin, from Old French molin, from Late Latin molīnum, from the adjective molīnus, from Latin molō.


MAO

monoamine oxydase
monoamine oxydase#French

(biochemistry) initialism of monoamine oxydase; monoamine oxidase


sauver

sauver (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sauvant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sauvé (participle past)
sauve (first-person indicative present singular)
sauves (indicative present second-person singular)
sauve (indicative present singular third-person)
sauvons (first-person indicative plural present)
sauvez (indicative plural present second-person)
sauvent (indicative plural present third-person)
sauvais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sauvais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sauvait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sauvions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sauviez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sauvaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sauvai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sauvas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sauva (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sauvâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sauvâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sauvèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sauverai (first-person future indicative singular)
sauveras (future indicative second-person singular)
sauvera (future indicative singular third-person)
sauverons (first-person future indicative plural)
sauverez (future indicative plural second-person)
sauveront (future indicative plural third-person)
sauverais (conditional first-person singular)
sauverais (conditional second-person singular)
sauverait (conditional singular third-person)
sauverions (conditional first-person plural)
sauveriez (conditional plural second-person)
sauveraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
sauve (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sauves (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sauve (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sauvions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sauviez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sauvent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sauvasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sauvasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sauvât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sauvassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sauvassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sauvassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sauve (imperative second-person singular)
sauvons (first-person imperative plural)
sauvez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French saulver, from Old French sauver, salver, from Gallo-Romance salvar, from Late Latin salvāre (“to save”), from Latin salvus.
In the sense specific to North America, a semantic loan from English save.


stipule

Learned borrowing from Latin stipula. Doublet of éteule.


burette

→ Portuguese: bureta


inductance

→ Persian: اَندوکتانس (anduktâns)

→ Turkish: indüktans


anticyclone

Borrowed from English anticyclone, etymologically analyzable as anti- + cyclone.

(meteorology) a high pressure zone, an anticyclone


triton

Learned borrowing from Latin Trītōn, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek Τρίτων (Trítōn).

triton rugueux


tactique

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek τακτικός (taktikós).


trojan

(computing, Anglicism) trojan, Trojan horse (computing)


plateau

→ Catalan: plató

→ Danish: plateau

→ Dutch: plateau

→ English: plateau

→ German: Plateau

→ Greek: πλατό (plató)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: platå

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: platå

→ Portuguese: platô

→ Romanian: platou

desctree

→ Russian: плато́ (plató)
→ Ukrainian: плато́ (plató)

→ Spanish: plató

→ Swedish: platå

→ Turkish: plato


glycine

From Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús) + -ine.


chaîne

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-chaîne.wav

Inherited from Middle French chaisne, from Old French chaene, chaiene, caiene, inherited from Latin catēna. Doublet of cadène and catène. The long vowel derives from the Old French hiatus; by analogy the length was expressed with a silent -s- in Middle French, which was then replaced with the circumflex.


toque

Inherited from Middle French toque, tocque (“toque", also "a type of hairstyle”), in some senses from Spanish toca (“headdress”) and in other senses from Italian tocca, from Lombard toh, from Lombardic *tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk (“cloth”).


streamer

(computing) streamer (data storage system)


maquis

→ English: maquis

→ Portuguese: maquis

→ Spanish: maquis

From Corsican machja or macchia, from Latin macula (“spot”), with addition of the suffix -is.


sortie

→ Ottoman Turkish: صورتی (sorti)

Turkish: sorti

Feminine past participle of sortir; from Latin sortīrī (“cast lots, divide, receive”), possibly influenced by a derivative of surgō (“get up, arise”). Compare Italian sortire (“produce”).


grandeur

From Old French grandur, from grand + -eur.

(physics, mathematics) magnitude, quantity


chanterelle

→ English: chanterelle

→ Finnish: kantarelli

From the genus name, New Latin Cantharellus, from Latin cantharus (“drinking vessel”).


socle

→ Dutch: sokkel

→ English: socle

→ German: Sockel (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: soclo

Borrowed from Italian zoccolo (“wooden shoe”), from Latin socculus, diminutive of soccus (“sock”).

bor+

(geology) basement (mass of rock underlying sedimentary cover)


ARC

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Aviation royale canadienne; RCAF (“Royal Canadian Air Force”)


baguette

→ Czech: bageta

→ Danish: baguette

→ English: baguette

→ German: Baguette

→ Greek: μπαγκέτα (bagkéta)

→ Hebrew: בגט (bagét)

→ Korean: 바게트 (bageteu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bagett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bagett

→ Polish: bagietka

→ Portuguese: baguete

→ Romanian: baghetă

→ Russian: баге́т (bagét)

→ Spanish: baguette

→ Swedish: baguette

→ Turkish: baget

desc

→ Ukrainian: баге́т (bahét), баґе́та (bagéta)

(firearms) gun-stick, rod for stuffing the gun with ammunition


diffusion

→ Dutch: diffusie
→ Indonesian: difusi

→ Romanian: difuziune

→ Turkish: difüzyon

Borrowed from Latin diffusiōnem. By surface analysis, diffuser + -ion.


détente

→ English: détente, → detent

Borrowed from Latin detenta or detendita, as a feminine past participle of detentus.

(physics) expansion of a gas or a spring


montmorillonite

fr-noun

montmorillonite f (plural montmorillonites)


spammer

(computing, Internet) someone who sends spam, a spammer


spammer

spammer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
spammant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
spammé (participle past)
spamme (first-person indicative present singular)
spammes (indicative present second-person singular)
spamme (indicative present singular third-person)
spammons (first-person indicative plural present)
spammez (indicative plural present second-person)
spamment (indicative plural present third-person)
spammais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
spammais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
spammait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
spammions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
spammiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
spammaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
spammai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
spammas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
spamma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
spammâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
spammâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
spammèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
spammerai (first-person future indicative singular)
spammeras (future indicative second-person singular)
spammera (future indicative singular third-person)
spammerons (first-person future indicative plural)
spammerez (future indicative plural second-person)
spammeront (future indicative plural third-person)
spammerais (conditional first-person singular)
spammerais (conditional second-person singular)
spammerait (conditional singular third-person)
spammerions (conditional first-person plural)
spammeriez (conditional plural second-person)
spammeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
spamme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
spammes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
spamme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
spammions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
spammiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
spamment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
spammasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
spammasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
spammât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
spammassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
spammassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
spammassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
spamme (imperative second-person singular)
spammons (first-person imperative plural)
spammez (imperative plural second-person)


saturation

(chemistry, usually uncountable) saturation


faille

→ Turkish: fay


ballon

→ Albanian: balonë

→ Alemannic German: Balung

→ Arabic: بالون (bālūn)

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܒܵܠܘܿܢܵܐ (bālōnā)

→ Bulgarian: балон (balon)

→ Bwatoo: balo

→ Catalan: baló

→ Czech: balón

desctree

→ Danish: ballon
→ Greenlandic: ballonngi

→ Dutch: ballon
Afrikaans: ballon
→ Indonesian: balon
→ Papiamentu: balòn

→ English: ballon

→ Greek: μπαλόνι (balóni)

→ Hausa: balan

→ Northern Kurdish: balon

→ Latvian: balons

→ Lithuanian: balionas

→ Macedonian: балон (balon)

→ Norwegian: ballong

→ Ottoman Turkish: بالون (balon), պալօն (balon) — Armeno-Turkish
→ Armenian: պալօն (palōn)
Turkish: balon

→ Persian: بالون (bâlon)

→ Portuguese: balão

→ Romanian: balon

→ Russian: баллон (ballon)
→ Armenian: բալոն (balon)
→ Georgian: ბალონი (baloni)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: балон

Latin script: balon

→ Slovak: balón

→ Slovene: balon

→ Swedish: ballong

Inherited from Middle French ballon. Doublet of balloune.


informe

(astronomy) Étoiles informes : An old term for stars that were not members of any constellation


gaz

→ Arabic: غَاز (ḡāz)

→ Greek: γκάζι (gkázi)

→ Hebrew: גז (gaz)

→ Polish: gaz
→ Kashubian: gaz

→ Persian: گاز (gâz)

→ Portuguese: gás

→ Romanian: gaz

→ Russian: газ (gaz), газъ (gaz) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: газ (gaz)
→ Yakut: газ (gaz)

→ Turkish: gaz


peser

peser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pesant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pesé (participle past)
pèse (first-person indicative present singular)
pèses (indicative present second-person singular)
pèse (indicative present singular third-person)
pesons (first-person indicative plural present)
pesez (indicative plural present second-person)
pèsent (indicative plural present third-person)
pesais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pesais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pesait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pesions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pesiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pesaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pesai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pesas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pesa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pesâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pesâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pesèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
pèserai (first-person future indicative singular)
pèseras (future indicative second-person singular)
pèsera (future indicative singular third-person)
pèserons (first-person future indicative plural)
pèserez (future indicative plural second-person)
pèseront (future indicative plural third-person)
pèserais (conditional first-person singular)
pèserais (conditional second-person singular)
pèserait (conditional singular third-person)
pèserions (conditional first-person plural)
pèserions (conditional first-person plural)
pèseriez (conditional plural second-person)
pèseriez (conditional plural second-person)
pèseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pèse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pèses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pèse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pesions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pesiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pèsent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pesasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pesasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pesât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pesassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pesassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pesassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pèse (imperative second-person singular)
pesons (first-person imperative plural)
pesez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French peser, from Old French peser, from Classical Latin pēnsāre, whence also the doublet penser 'think'.

(intransitive) to weigh (to have a weight of)

(computing, intransitive) of a file, to have a given size

to weigh (to have a weight of)
of a file, to have a given size


lourd

fr-adj

lourd (feminine lourde, masculine plural lourds, feminine plural lourdes)

lourde (feminine)
lourds (masculine plural)
lourdes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French lourd, from Old French lorz, lourt, from Late Latin lurdus, lordus, probably from Latin lūridus (“sallow”), possibly influenced by Frankish *lort (“crooked, clumsy”); related to Old English lort (“crooked”).


imago

(entomology) imago (final stage of insect)


grêler

grêler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
grêlant (gerund participle present)
grêlant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
grêlé (participle past)
grêlé (participle past)
grêle (indicative present singular third-person)
grêlait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grêlait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grêla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grêla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grêlera (future indicative singular third-person)
grêlerait (conditional singular third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
grêle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grêlât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
grêlât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)


ganache

(veterinary medicine) cachexia, one of the symptoms of which is swelling under the mandible.


insoluble

Learned borrowing from Latin īnsolūbilis.


macule

Borrowed from Latin macula. Doublet of maille, which was inherited.

(rare and literary or sciences, astronomy, medicine, zoology) stain


bourrelet

From bourre + -et (influenced by Old French bourrel).


chlorite

(inorganic chemistry) chlorite (salt of chlorous acid)


cingle

From Latin cingula, cingulum (“girdle”).


ascendance

(meteorology) thermal. Area of rising air used by glider pilots.


thrombocyte

(hematology, cytology) platelet, thrombocyte


hachure

(cartography) a mapping hachure or the technique itself


coronavirus

Les pays du G7 vont se concerter pour apporter une réponse face au nouveau coronavirus apparu en Chine, a annoncé dimanche le ministre allemand de la santé, dont le pays est le plus touché au sein de l’Union européenne avec 10 personnes contaminées.

2020 February 3, Isabelle Mandraud, “Partout en Europe, la peur du coronavirus s’installe”, in Le Monde:

The G7 countries will work together to respond to the novel coronavirus which has appeared in China, the German health minister announced on Sunday. His country is the most affected in the European Union, with 10 people infected.


-ite

Borrowed from Latin -ītēs, from Ancient Greek -ίτης (-ítēs).

pyro- (“pyro-”) + -ite → pyrite (“pyrite”)


-ite

arsén(ique) (“arsenic”) + -ite → arsénite (“arsenite”)


-ate

benzo- (“benzo-”) + -ate → benzoate (“benzoate”)


plastron

→ Dutch: plastron

→ English: plastron

→ Polish: plastron

→ Romanian: plastron

(zoology) plastron (part of a turtle's shell)

(zoology) breast (front part of certain birds)


coronal

fr-adj

coronal (feminine coronale, masculine plural coronaux, feminine plural coronales)

coronale (feminine)
coronaux (masculine plural)
coronales (feminine plural)

From Latin corōnālis, from corōna (“a crown”).

(anatomy, astronomy, botany, phonetics) coronal


cannelure

From Middle French, first attested in 1545 as canneleüre; from canneler (“provide with a channel”), from canne.


fléau

Inherited from Old French flaiel, flael, flayau, inherited from Latin flagellum.

(mechanics) the beam of a mechanical balance


hypervalent

hypervalent (feminine hypervalente, masculine plural hypervalents, feminine plural hypervalentes)

hypervalente (feminine)
hypervalents (masculine plural)
hypervalentes (feminine plural)


rafale

Origin uncertain. Possibly related to Italian raffica influenced by affaler.

(meteorology) gust (strong, abrupt rush of wind)


briquet

→ English: briquet

→ Spanish: briquet

→ Romanian: brichetă

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-briquet.wav

Specialised sense of Middle French briquet (“piece, morsel”), from brique.


xylophage

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ξυλοφάγος (xulophágos), from ξύλον (xúlon, “wood”) and φάγος (phágos, “one who eats”). By surface analysis, xylo- + -phage.

bor+

(biology, of insects or mushrooms) xylophagous


onde

Inherited from Old French unde, onde, from Latin unda.


sebkha

Borrowed from Arabic سَبْخَة (sabḵa, “salt flat”).

Les chotts ou sebkhas sont autant de lacs et d’étangs salés où l’évaporation de l’été dépose une couche de sel brut.


tourbillon

→ English: tourbillon

→ Romanian: turbion


thymol

From thym + -ol, coined by French chemist Alexandre Lallemand in 1853.


volant

→ Czech: volant

→ Danish: volant

→ German: Volant

→ Italian: volant

→ Swedish: volang

→ Turkish: volan

→ Vietnamese: vô-lăng


bloc

→ Asturian: bloque

→ Bulgarian: блок (blok)

→ Czech: bloc

→ English: bloc

→ Galician: bloque

→ Irish: bloc

→ Italian: bloc

→ Macedonian: блок (blok)

→ Norwegian: block

→ Persian: بلوک (blok)

→ Polish: blok

→ Portuguese: bloco

→ Romanian: bloc

desctree

→ Russian: блок (blok)
→ Armenian: բլոկ (blok)
→ Yakut: блок (blok)

→ Spanish: bloc, bloque

→ Turkish: blok

→ Welsh: bloc

Inherited from Middle French bloc (“a considerable piece of something heavy, block”), from Old French bloc (“log, block”), from Middle Dutch blok (“treetrunk”), from Old Dutch *blok (“log”), from Frankish or Proto-West Germanic *blokk, from Proto-Germanic *blukką (“beam, log”).


Bluetooth

Unadapted borrowing from English Bluetooth, a calque from Old Norse Blátǫnn.


loader

loader (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
loadant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
loadé (participle past)
loade (first-person indicative present singular)
loades (indicative present second-person singular)
loade (indicative present singular third-person)
loadons (first-person indicative plural present)
loadez (indicative plural present second-person)
loadent (indicative plural present third-person)
loadais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
loadais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
loadait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
loadions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
loadiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
loadaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
loadai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
loadas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
loada (historic indicative past singular third-person)
loadâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
loadâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
loadèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
loaderai (first-person future indicative singular)
loaderas (future indicative second-person singular)
loadera (future indicative singular third-person)
loaderons (first-person future indicative plural)
loaderez (future indicative plural second-person)
loaderont (future indicative plural third-person)
loaderais (conditional first-person singular)
loaderais (conditional second-person singular)
loaderait (conditional singular third-person)
loaderions (conditional first-person plural)
loaderiez (conditional plural second-person)
loaderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
loade (first-person present singular subjunctive)
loades (present second-person singular subjunctive)
loade (present singular subjunctive third-person)
loadions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
loadiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
loadent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
loadasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
loadasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
loadât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
loadassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
loadassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
loadassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
loade (imperative second-person singular)
loadons (first-person imperative plural)
loadez (imperative plural second-person)


ordinateur

Borrowed from Latin ōrdinātōrem (“one who orders”), from ōrdinō (“to order, organize”).
In its application to computing, it was coined by the professor of philology Jacques Perret in a letter dated 16 April 1955, in response to a request from IBM France, who believed the word calculateur was too restrictive in light of the possibilities of these machines.

bor+

Il a un ordinateur.

Elle est à l’ordinateur.

(computing) a computer, a computing device.


jailbreak

(computing) jailbreak (a modification to the firmware of an electronic device (typically a mobile phone or tablet) to allow the installation and use of software not officially supported by the device's manufacturer).


Messier

Inherited from Old French messier (“harvest warden”), from meis (“harvest”).


plumbago

Borrowed from Latin plumbāgō. See also plombagine.


famille

Haitian Creole: fanmi

→ Luxembourgish: Famill

Iranian Persian: فامیل (fâmil)

Inherited from Middle French famille, borrowed from Latin familia.


traceur

fr-noun

traceur m (plural traceurs, feminine traceuse)

→ English: traceur

(computing, Internet) cookie used to store data about a website visitor


pyridoxine

(biochemistry) pyridoxine (a derivative of pyridine, 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, found in fish, liver, cereals and yeast, and essential for the metabolism of amino acids and starch)


saponification

saponification f (plural saponifications)


arête

Inherited from Old French areste, from Latin arista.

(botany) beard (of rye, barley etc.); awn


lecteur

lecteur m (plural lecteurs, feminine lectrice)


calcul

→ German: Kalkül
→ Czech: kalkul

→ Romanian: calcul

→ Swedish: kalkyl


aiguille

Inherited from Old French aguille, from Late Latin acūcula, diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”). Perhaps influenced phonetically by aiguiser. Compare Occitan agulha.

aiguille à tricoter

de fil en aiguille

chercher une aiguille dans une botte de foin

talon aiguille


streaming

Unadapted borrowing from English streaming.

ubor

(computing) streaming (the transmission of digital audio or video, or the reception or playback of such data without first storing it)


lâcher

lâcher (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
lâchant (gerund participle present)
lâchant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
lâché (participle past)
lâché (participle past)
lâche (first-person indicative present singular)
lâche (first-person indicative present singular)
lâches (indicative present second-person singular)
lâches (indicative present second-person singular)
lâche (indicative present singular third-person)
lâche (indicative present singular third-person)
lâchons (first-person indicative plural present)
lâchons (first-person indicative plural present)
lâchez (indicative plural present second-person)
lâchez (indicative plural present second-person)
lâchent (indicative plural present third-person)
lâchent (indicative plural present third-person)
lâchais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lâchais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lâchais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lâchais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lâchait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lâchait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lâchions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lâchions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lâchiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lâchiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lâchaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lâchaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lâchai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lâchai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lâchas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lâchas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lâcha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lâcha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lâchâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
lâchâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
lâchâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lâchâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lâchèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lâchèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lâcherai (first-person future indicative singular)
lâcherai (first-person future indicative singular)
lâcheras (future indicative second-person singular)
lâcheras (future indicative second-person singular)
lâchera (future indicative singular third-person)
lâchera (future indicative singular third-person)
lâcherons (first-person future indicative plural)
lâcherons (first-person future indicative plural)
lâcherez (future indicative plural second-person)
lâcherez (future indicative plural second-person)
lâcheront (future indicative plural third-person)
lâcheront (future indicative plural third-person)
lâcherais (conditional first-person singular)
lâcherais (conditional first-person singular)
lâcherais (conditional second-person singular)
lâcherais (conditional second-person singular)
lâcherait (conditional singular third-person)
lâcherait (conditional singular third-person)
lâcherions (conditional first-person plural)
lâcherions (conditional first-person plural)
lâcheriez (conditional plural second-person)
lâcheriez (conditional plural second-person)
lâcheraient (conditional plural third-person)
lâcheraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
lâche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lâche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lâches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lâches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lâche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lâche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lâchions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lâchions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lâchiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lâchiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lâchent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lâchent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lâchasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lâchasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lâchasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lâchasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lâchât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lâchât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lâchassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lâchassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lâchassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lâchassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lâchassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lâchassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lâche (imperative second-person singular)
lâche (imperative second-person singular)
lâchons (first-person imperative plural)
lâchons (first-person imperative plural)
lâchez (imperative plural second-person)
lâchez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French lascher, from Old French laschier, from Vulgar Latin *lassicāre < *laxicāre, frequentative of Latin laxāre (whence French laisser).


diopside

From Ancient Greek δίοψις (díopsis, “transparency”) + -ide.


clé

→ Vietnamese: cờ-lê

Inherited from Middle French clef, from Old French clef, from Latin clāvis, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w-. According to Bescherelle, the spelling clé had replaced clef by 1845.


grésiller

grésiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
grésillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
grésillé (participle past)
grésille (first-person indicative present singular)
grésilles (indicative present second-person singular)
grésille (indicative present singular third-person)
grésillons (first-person indicative plural present)
grésillez (indicative plural present second-person)
grésillent (indicative plural present third-person)
grésillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
grésillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
grésillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grésillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
grésilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
grésillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
grésillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
grésillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
grésilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grésillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
grésillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
grésillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
grésillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
grésilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
grésillera (future indicative singular third-person)
grésillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
grésillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
grésilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
grésillerais (conditional first-person singular)
grésillerais (conditional second-person singular)
grésillerait (conditional singular third-person)
grésillerions (conditional first-person plural)
grésilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
grésilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
grésille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
grésilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
grésille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grésillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
grésilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
grésillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
grésillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
grésillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
grésillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
grésillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
grésillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
grésillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
grésille (imperative second-person singular)
grésillons (first-person imperative plural)
grésillez (imperative plural second-person)

(intransitive, impersonal, weather) to sleet


mucopolysaccharide

fr-noun

mucopolysaccharide m (plural mucopolysaccharides)


vandoise

Borrowed from Gaulish *wind-ēsyā, from Proto-Celtic *windos (“white”) + a nominal suffix -ēsyā.


stalactite

Borrowed from New Latin stalactites, from Ancient Greek σταλακτός (stalaktós).


stalagmite

Borrowed from New Latin stalagmites, from Ancient Greek σταλαγμός (stalagmós).


fleuron

Inherited from Old French floron, fleur + -on, architectural sense probably influenced by Italian fiorone.


pluripotent

fr-adj

pluripotent (feminine pluripotente, masculine plural pluripotents, feminine plural pluripotentes)

pluripotente (feminine)
pluripotents (masculine plural)
pluripotentes (feminine plural)


bouchon

Antillean Creole: bouchon

→ Bulgarian: бушон (bušon)

→ Portuguese: bujão

Inherited from Middle French bouchon (“bundle of hemp or foliage, oakum”), from bousche (“handful of straw, bundle of twigs”), from Vulgar Latin bosca (“brush, bundle of branches”), from Frankish *bosc (“bush”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush”). More at bush.