neck

(geology) neck (solidified lava filling the vent of an extinct volcano)


rang

→ Catalan: rang

→ German: Rang

→ Romanian: rang

→ Italian: rango

→ Piedmontese: rangh

→ Haitian Creole: ran

→ Russian: ранг (rang)

→ Spanish: rango

Inherited from Middle French ranc, from Old French renc, reng, ranc, rang, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”). Cognate with Dutch ring, German Ring, English ring.

der

(Canada, geography) a series of land plots narrower than deep, running perpendicular to a river or road

(Canada, geography) the road serving such a series of plots


aa

(geology, often attributive) the surface of an aa lava flow


aber

(geography) a ria, especially one in Brittany


trait

Inherited from Old French trait, from Latin tractus.

(geology) color of the dust produced by a mineral


pays

→ Catalan: país

→ Portuguese: país (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: país

Inherited from Middle French pays, from Old French pais, from Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”), derived from Latin pāgus (“countryside; district”).
See related terms. Cognates include Italian paese. Borrowed into Catalan, Portuguese, and Spanish as país. Cognates in regional languages in France: Norman payis, Gallo peïs, Picard poaiyis, Bourguignon paiyis, Franco-Provençal payis, Occitan país, Corsican paese.

inh

prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous


cap

Borrowed from Occitan cap, from Latin caput. Doublet of chef.

(Quebec, geography) cap (summit of a mountain)


glacier

→? Catalan: glacera (calque)

desctree

→ English: glacier
→ Hindi: ग्लेशियर (gleśiyar)

→ Italian: ghiacciaio (calque)

→ New Latin: glaciārium (calque)

→ Romanian: ghețar (calque)

→ Spanish: glaciar
→ Galician: glaciar
→ Portuguese: glaciar

Borrowed from Franco-Provençal gllaciér. First attested in 1757. Cognate with German Gletscher.


gangue

A borrowing from German Gang (“way, path, trail, track, course, line, duct”).


col

→ Hausa: kwal

Inherited from Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.

(geography) col (dip on a mountain ridge)


seiche

From Swiss French, of uncertain origin. Possibly from German.


augite

→ Romanian: augit


geyser

Borrowed from Icelandic Geyser, related to the verb geysa (“to gush”).


magma

From Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma, “paste”).


mica

Borrowed from Latin mīca. Doublet of mie and miche.


cuvette

→ English: cuvette

→ German: Küvette

→ Portuguese: cuvete

→ Romanian: chiuvetă

→ Turkish: küvet


mire

Borrowed from Italian mira, from Latin mīrō (“to wonder at”).


pas

Inherited from Old French pas, from Latin passus.
Its use as an auxiliary negative adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec… passum) in negative constructions – literally “not… a step”, i.e. “not at all” – originally used with certain verbs of motion. In older French other nouns could also be used in this way, such as ne… goutte (“not… a drop”) and ne… mie (“not… a crumb”), but in the modern language pas has become grammaticalized.

Pas de Calais


plaque

From Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from *Old Dutch plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).

der

(geology) plate (especially a tectonic plate)


cirque

→ Arabic: سِيرْك (sīrk)

→ English: cirque

→ Turkish: sirk


relief

→ Bulgarian: реле́ф (reléf)

→ Danish: relief

→ Polish: relief

→ Romanian: relief

→ Russian: рельеф (relʹjef)

→ Swedish: relief

→ Turkish: rölyef

Inherited from Old French, from relever.

(geography, mineralogy) relief, surface elevation


longitude

Borrowed from Latin longitūdō (“length, a measured length”), from longus (“long”).


cyanose

Coined by François Sulpice Beudant, from Ancient Greek κυάνεος (kuáneos).


latitude

From Latin lātitūdō (“breadth, width, latitude”), from lātus (“broad, wide”), from older stlātus.

der

C’est ici que ça se passe, 30°50’ de latitude nord, 30°50’ de longitude ouest… à une journée de distance pour nous, et ils filent sud-sud-ouest à toute vapeur. À ce train-là nous ne verrons rien, […].

1921, H.G. Wells, translated by Henry-D. Davray and B. Kozakiewicz, La Guerre dans les Airs, Mercure de France, page 174:

Le Scoresby Sund est le plus vaste fjord du monde entier. Il est découpé dans la côte Orientale du Groenland entre 70° et 72° de latitude Nord et 22° et 30° de longitude Ouest de Greenwich.

1928, Jean-Baptiste Charcot, Dans la mer du Groenland:

[…] le 12 mars, par 20 degrés de latitude Nord, je rencontrai les vents alizés, je pouvais compter dorénavant sur un plus faible et agréable navigation dans les mers tropicales.

1929, Alain Gerbault, “À la poursuite du soleil”, in De New-York à Tahiti, volume 1:

(geography) the distance from a place to the equator measured in degrees on the meridian; parallel viewing


manteau

→ English: manteau, mantua

→ Japanese: マント (manto)

→ Korean: 망토 (mangto)

→ Ottoman Turkish: مانتو (manto)

> Turkish: manto (inherited)

→ Persian: مانتو

→ Romanian: manta, mantou

→ Russian: манто (manto)

Inherited from Latin mantellum, diminutive of mantum. Compare Italian mantello.


muscovite

→ Romanian: muscovit


moulin

Inherited from Middle French moulin, from Old French molin, from Late Latin molīnum, from the adjective molīnus, from Latin molō.


plateau

→ Catalan: plató

→ Danish: plateau

→ Dutch: plateau

→ English: plateau

→ German: Plateau

→ Greek: πλατό (plató)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: platå

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: platå

→ Portuguese: platô

→ Romanian: platou

desctree

→ Russian: плато́ (plató)
→ Ukrainian: плато́ (plató)

→ Spanish: plató

→ Swedish: platå

→ Turkish: plato


socle

→ Dutch: sokkel

→ English: socle

→ German: Sockel (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: soclo

Borrowed from Italian zoccolo (“wooden shoe”), from Latin socculus, diminutive of soccus (“sock”).

bor+

(geology) basement (mass of rock underlying sedimentary cover)


montmorillonite

fr-noun

montmorillonite f (plural montmorillonites)


faille

→ Turkish: fay


cingle

From Latin cingula, cingulum (“girdle”).


hachure

(cartography) a mapping hachure or the technique itself


-ite

Borrowed from Latin -ītēs, from Ancient Greek -ίτης (-ítēs).

pyro- (“pyro-”) + -ite → pyrite (“pyrite”)


sebkha

Borrowed from Arabic سَبْخَة (sabḵa, “salt flat”).

bor+

Les chotts ou sebkhas sont autant de lacs et d’étangs salés où l’évaporation de l’été dépose une couche de sel brut.


diopside

From Ancient Greek δίοψις (díopsis, “transparency”) + -ide.


stalagmite

Borrowed from New Latin stalagmites, from Ancient Greek σταλαγμός (stalagmós).


stalactite

Borrowed from New Latin stalactites, from Ancient Greek σταλακτός (stalaktós).


système

→ Persian: سیستم (sistem)

→ Polish: system

→ Turkish: sistem

Inherited from Middle French systeme (first attested 1552), from Late Latin systēma, from Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “organised whole, body”), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”).


croûte

Inherited from Middle French crouste, from Old French croste, cruste, from Latin crusta (“hard outer covering”), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”).


Australie

Literally, “the southern land”, from Latin australis (“southern”).

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


assemblage

(cartography) juxtaposition of several maps or cuttings to create a larger map


corniche

→ Ottoman Turkish: قورنیش (korniş)

Turkish: korniş


cheminée

→ German: Cheminée

→ Persian: شومینه (šomine)

→ Romanian: șemineu

→ Turkish: şömine

From Old French cheminee, from Late Latin [camera] camīnāta, from Latin camīnus (“furnace”), from Ancient Greek κάμῑνος (kámīnos).


vallée

Inherited from Middle French valee, from Old French valee, from val + -ée, from Latin vallis. Cf. also Medieval Latin valleta.


smithsonite

fr-noun

smithsonite f (countable and uncountable, plural smithsonites)


combe

From Transalpine Gaulish *cumba, from Proto-Celtic *kumbā. Compare Breton komm (“river-bed”), Irish com, Welsh cwm.

(geography) combe (valley or hollow, often wooded and with no river)


noyau

Backformed from Old French noyaus, plural of noyal, from Late Latin nucālis, from Latin nux.


lité

fr-adj

lité (feminine litée, masculine plural lités, feminine plural litées)

litée (feminine)
lités (masculine plural)
litées (feminine plural)


mamelon

(geography) hillock, knoll (rounded elevation or protuberance)


titanite

→ Romanian: titanit


étage

→ Czech: etáž

→ Bulgarian: етаж (etaž)

→ Danish: etage

→ Dutch: etage

→ Esperanto: etaĝo

→ German: Etage

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: etasje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: etasje

→ Romanian: etaj

→ Russian: этаж (etaž)

From Old French estage: ester + -age (see also stage), or possibly from a Vulgar Latin *stāticum, from Latin stāre.

Historiquement, les fossiles sont les principaux critères de définition des étages, mais cette méthode n’est pas applicable partout — et même lorsqu’elle l’est, elle est désormais souvent corrélée à d’autres indicateurs stratigraphiques : lits et bancs carbonatés ou phosphatés, susceptibilité magnétique, etc.

Historically, fossils were the principal criteria to define epochs, but this method isn't applicable for everything - and even when it is, it is from now on often correlated to other stratagraphic indicators: carbon and phosphorus beds, magnetic susceptibility, etc.

(geology) stage, division of a geological period

L’étage infralittoral est situé en dessous des basses mers de vive-eau.

The ocean bed close to the shore is under low seas at spring tide


chaînon

(geology) secondary range (of mountains)


jais

From Latin gagātem (“jet”), from Ancient Greek Γαγάτης (Gagátēs, “lignite, jet”, literally “stone of Gagas”).


glaucophane

fr-noun

glaucophane m or f (plural glaucophanes)


assise

(geology) stratum, bed, layer (layer of sedimentary rock)


chrysolite

Borrowed from Latin chrȳsolithus, from Ancient Greek χρυσόλιθος (khrusólithos), from χρυσός (khrusós, “gold”) + λίθος (líthos, “rock”). See also Old French crisolite.

(obsolete) gems such as chrysoberyl, sapphire, topaz, or tourmaline (any of various gemstones with a golden, and especially greenish) tint

(mineralogy) chrysolite
peridot, prehnite, or apatite


diabase

→ English: diabase

→ Turkish: diyabaz

Borrowed from Ancient Greek διάβασις (diábasis).


golfe

→ Romanian: golf

Borrowed from Italian golfo, from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin colfus, culfus, alteration of colpus, from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos). Doublet of gouffre.


débit

→ Romanian: debit

→ Turkish: debi

Borrowing from Latin dēbitum (“debt”). Doublet of dette


hexagone

(geography) Alternative spelling of Hexagone (“mainland France”)


pôle

Inherited from Middle French pole, from Old French pole, from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos).


puy

Inherited from Middle French puy, from Old French puy (“hill, height”), pui, from Latin podium. Its current use as a regionalism referring to certain geographic features may be taken at least in part from Franco-Provençal; cf. also Occitan puèg and Catalan puig. In Old French, it had a somewhat different or more varied set of meanings (cf. also the feminine puie, puye, poye (“balustrade”), whence English pew through Anglo-Norman), later coming to be applied to mountains and hills especially in the Auvergne region and Massif Central, the remains of extinct volcanoes. Doublet of the later borrowing podium.


bassin

→ Czech: bazén

→ Danish: bassin

→ German: Bassin

→ Lithuanian: baseinas

→ Polish: basen

→ Romanian: bazin

→ Russian: бассейн (bassejn)

→ Swedish: bassäng

From Old French bacin, from Vulgar Latin *baccinus, *baccinum, probably from Gaulish.


cratère

Borrowed from Latin crātēr, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κρατήρ (kratḗr).


rigole

Inherited from Old French regol, from Middle Dutch regel (“row”), from Latin rēgula (“straight line”). Doublet of rail, règle, reille, and rille.

doublet

(geography) groove, fissure, hollow (naturally occurring depression or furrow, often due to a meteorological event)


cyprine

(mineralogy) a blue variety of vesuvianite


aven

From Occitan avenc, from Gaulish *abonā (“river”), from Proto-Celtic *abū (“river”). Compare Breton aven, avon.

(geology, caving) pit cave, pit (natural cave with predominantly vertical shafts)

(geology) sinkhole (US), swallow hole (UK)


éperon

Inherited from Old French esperon (also Middle French), from Frankish *spurō (compare German Sporn).

(geology) spur (mountain that shoots from another mountain or range)


isthme

Learned borrowing from Latin isthmus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἰσθμός (isthmós).


éon

(geology) eon (longest time period used in geology)


yttrialite

L’yttria employée provient de la gadolinite ou l’yttrialite.

1905, “Revue de métallurgie”, in Volume 2, page 593:

The yttria used comes from gadolinite or yttrialite.


druse

→ Catalan: drusa

→ Spanish: drusa


arctique

Inherited from Old French arctique, borrowed from Latin arcticus.

(geography, relational) of the Arctic; Arctic


dépôt

→ Danish: depot

→? Dutch: depot

→ English: depot

→ German: Depot

→ Turkish: depo, debboy

From Old French depost, from Latin dēpositum (“deposit”, noun), also the passive participle of dēpōnere (“to deposit”). Cognate with Spanish depósito.


canevas

→ Turkish: kanvas

From a combination of Old French chanevas, chenevas and Old Picard canevach. The Old French comes from a root ultimately derived from Latin *canapus, from cannabis, such as that of chanvre, possibly through a Vulgar Latin root *cannabāceus or *cannapāceus, and the Old Picard comes from Old Northern French canevas, of ultimately the same origin as the previous word. Compare English canvas, itself borrowed from Old Northern French through Anglo-Norman.


monoclinique

(mineralogy) monoclinic (having three unequal axes)


aalénien

fr-adj

aalénien (feminine aalénienne, masculine plural aaléniens, feminine plural aaléniennes)

aalénienne (feminine)
aaléniens (masculine plural)
aaléniennes (feminine plural)


Aalénien

(geology, paleontology) the Aalenian period


diatomite

First attested in the 20th century. Derived from diatomée + -ite.


veine

→ Vietnamese: ven

Inherited from Middle French vene, from Old French veine, from Latin vēna, of uncertain Proto-Indo-European origin.


diapir

From Ancient Greek διαπειραίνω (diapeiraínō, “to pierce through”).


toundra

(geography) tundra (flat treeless arctic region)


oule

(geography, by extension) watercourse that contains such a pothole


éolien

fr-adj

éolien (feminine éolienne, masculine plural éoliens, feminine plural éoliennes)

éolienne (feminine)
éoliens (masculine plural)
éoliennes (feminine plural)


alluvion

(geology, especially in plural) alluvial deposits


strate

(geology) stratum (a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout)


grès

From Frankish *greot (compare Old High German griez, Middle Dutch griet), from Proto-Germanic *greutą (“grit, sandstone”).


phréatique

From the stem of Ancient Greek φρέαρ (phréar, “well, spring”) + -ique.


érosion

→ Persian: اروزیون (eroziyon)

→ Romanian: eroziune

→ Turkish: erozyon


basalte

→ Ottoman Turkish: بازالت (bazalt)

Turkish: bazalt

From Late Latin basaltes, a misspelling of Latin basanites, from Ancient Greek βασανίτης (basanítēs), from βάσανος (básanos, “touchstone”), from Egyptian.


schiste

English: schist

Portuguese: xisto

From Ancient Greek σχιστός (skhistós, “divisible”), 16th c.

uder

gaz de schiste

(geology) shale, schist (sedimentary rock)


banquise

→ Catalan: banquisa

→ Italian: banchisa

→ Portuguese: banquisa

→ Spanish: banquisa

→ Turkish: bankiz

Most likely from a North Germanic language; compare Norwegian pakkis, Danish pakis, Swedish packis, all formed from Old Norse pakki (“package, parcel”) and íss (“ice”), with probable influence from banc (compare German Eisbank (literally “ice bank”)).

(geography) sea ice, pack ice, ice floe; ice field


marbré

(geology) a type of spar from the Pyrenees


clivage

→ Romanian: clivaj

Le clivage est la faculté d’un minéral de se rompre suivant un plan.


plombagine

Borrowed from Latin plumbaginem, as it resembled lead. Cf. also plumbago.

−La mine de crayons, de quoi est-elle faite?
−Avec de la plombagine, une pierre tendre qu'on scie en baguettes et qu'on enferme dans deux moitiés de cylindre de bois. (Colette, Cl. école, 1900)


colure

From Latin colurus, ultimately from Ancient Greek κόλουρος (kólouros, “truncated, dock-tailed”). Compare English colure.


presqu'île

presqu’ île (canonical feminine)
presqu’îles (plural)

From presque (“almost”) + île (“island”), a calque of Latin paenīnsula.

Mytilène […] s’étageait autrefois en amphithéâtre sur une presqu’île à demi détachée, qui était reliée à la terre que par des ponts de pierre blanche.

1901, Pierre Louÿs, “Lesbos aujourd'hui”, in Archipel, published 1932:


adret

Borrowed from Occitan. Doublet of adroit.

(geography, Alps) sun-facing side of a mountain


prospecter

prospecter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
prospectant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
prospecté (participle past)
prospecte (first-person indicative present singular)
prospectes (indicative present second-person singular)
prospecte (indicative present singular third-person)
prospectons (first-person indicative plural present)
prospectez (indicative plural present second-person)
prospectent (indicative plural present third-person)
prospectais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
prospectais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
prospectait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
prospections (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
prospectiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
prospectaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
prospectai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
prospectas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
prospecta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
prospectâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
prospectâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
prospectèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
prospecterai (first-person future indicative singular)
prospecteras (future indicative second-person singular)
prospectera (future indicative singular third-person)
prospecterons (first-person future indicative plural)
prospecterez (future indicative plural second-person)
prospecteront (future indicative plural third-person)
prospecterais (conditional first-person singular)
prospecterais (conditional second-person singular)
prospecterait (conditional singular third-person)
prospecterions (conditional first-person plural)
prospecteriez (conditional plural second-person)
prospecteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
prospecte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
prospectes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
prospecte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
prospections (first-person plural present subjunctive)
prospectiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
prospectent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
prospectasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
prospectasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prospectât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prospectassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
prospectassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prospectassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prospecte (imperative second-person singular)
prospectons (first-person imperative plural)
prospectez (imperative plural second-person)

(mineralogy) prospect (to search as for gold)


cotidal

fr-adj

cotidal (feminine cotidale, masculine plural cotidaux, feminine plural cotidales)

cotidale (feminine)
cotidaux (masculine plural)
cotidales (feminine plural)

courbe cotidal


spath

From German Spath, a form of Spat (“spar”).


spathifier

spathifier (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
spathifiant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
spathifié (participle past)
spathifie (first-person indicative present singular)
spathifies (indicative present second-person singular)
spathifie (indicative present singular third-person)
spathifions (first-person indicative plural present)
spathifiez (indicative plural present second-person)
spathifient (indicative plural present third-person)
spathifiais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
spathifiais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
spathifiait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
spathifiions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
spathifiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
spathifiaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
spathifiai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
spathifias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
spathifia (historic indicative past singular third-person)
spathifiâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
spathifiâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
spathifièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
spathifierai (first-person future indicative singular)
spathifieras (future indicative second-person singular)
spathifiera (future indicative singular third-person)
spathifierons (first-person future indicative plural)
spathifierez (future indicative plural second-person)
spathifieront (future indicative plural third-person)
spathifierais (conditional first-person singular)
spathifierais (conditional second-person singular)
spathifierait (conditional singular third-person)
spathifierions (conditional first-person plural)
spathifieriez (conditional plural second-person)
spathifieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
spathifie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
spathifies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
spathifie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
spathifiions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
spathifiiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
spathifient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
spathifiasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
spathifiasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
spathifiât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
spathifiassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
spathifiassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
spathifiassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
spathifie (imperative second-person singular)
spathifions (first-person imperative plural)
spathifiez (imperative plural second-person)

(transitive, mineralogy) to turn into spar


trachyandésite

fr-noun

trachyandésite f (plural trachyandésites)


phase éruptive

phase éruptive f (plural phases éruptives)


chambre magmatique

chambre magmatique f (plural chambres magmatiques)


fontaine de lave

fontaine de lave f (plural fontaines de lave)


diorite

Invented by mineralogist Alexandre Brongniart (1770-1847), derived from Ancient Greek διορίζω (diorízō, “distinguish”), from δι- plus ὁρίζω (horízō, “to limit”).


faujasite

From Faujas + -ite, named after Barthélemy Faujas de Saint-Fond (1741–1819), French geologist, by Alexis Damour, French mineralogist in 1842.


sylvine

fr:Sylvine (minéral)
fr:Sylvine (papillon)


faciès

Learned borrowing from Latin faciēs. Doublet of face.

Et d’abord il est deux faits principaux, qui caractérisent partout les ensembles de modifications que j’appelle facies ou aspects de terrain: l’un consiste en ce que tel ou tel aspect pétrographique d’un terrain quelconque suppose nécessairement, partout où il se rencontre, le même ensemble paléontologique; l’autre, en ce que tel ou tel ensemble paléontologique exclut rigoureusement des genres et des espèces des fossiles fréquents dans d’autres facies.

1838, Amanz Gressly, “Observations géologiques sur le Jura Soleurois [Geological observations involving the Solothurn Jura]”, in Nouveau mémoires de la Société helvétique des sciences naturelles, volume 1, Neuchâtel: Buchdruckerei von Petitpierre, page 11:


paralaurionite

fr-noun

paralaurionite f (plural paralaurionites)


zéolithe

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζέω (zéō, “to boil, to bubble”) + λίθος (líthos, “stone”).


mondrain

L’air peu à peu tidédissait, les sierras espagnoles défilaient doucement à l’horizon et des mirages en forme de mondrains et de falaises prolongeaient le spectacle pendant des journées entières, au large de la côte d’Afrique trop basse et marécageuse pour être directement visible.

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter VII, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 67; republished as John & Doreen Weightman, transl., Tristes Tropiques, Penguin, 2011, →ISBN:

— The air gradually became warmer, the Spanish sierras went slowly by on the horizon and, off the African coast, which was too low and swampy to be directly visible, the spectacle was prolonged for days on end by mirages representing hillocks and cliff faces.


Pot-au-Noir

On approchait du Pot-au-Noir, redouté des anciens navigateurs. Les vents propres aux deux hémisphères s’arrêtent de part et d’autre de cette zone où les voiles pendait pendant des semaines, sans un souffle pour les animer.

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter VIII, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 79; republished as John & Doreen Weightman, transl., Tristes Tropiques, Penguin, 2011, →ISBN:

— We were approaching Le Pot-au-Noir (the Doldrums) which was greatly feared by the old navigators. The winds peculiar to both hemispheres stop on either side of this area, and the sails would hang for weeks on end without a single breath of wind to stir them into life.


catastrophisme

fr-noun

catastrophisme m (plural catastrophismes)


géophysicien

géophysicien m (plural géophysiciens, feminine géophysicienne)

géophysiciens (plural)
géophysicienne (feminine)


néphrite

→ Turkish: nefrit


géochimique

From géo- + chimique or from géochimie + -ique.


géochimiste

géochimiste m or f by sense (plural géochimistes)


corindon

→ Catalan: corindó

/kɔ.ʁɛ̃.dɔ̃/


zéolitiser

zéolitiser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
zéolitisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
zéolitisé (participle past)
zéolitise (first-person indicative present singular)
zéolitises (indicative present second-person singular)
zéolitise (indicative present singular third-person)
zéolitisons (first-person indicative plural present)
zéolitisez (indicative plural present second-person)
zéolitisent (indicative plural present third-person)
zéolitisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
zéolitisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
zéolitisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
zéolitisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
zéolitisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
zéolitisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
zéolitisai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
zéolitisas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
zéolitisa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
zéolitisâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
zéolitisâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
zéolitisèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
zéolitiserai (first-person future indicative singular)
zéolitiseras (future indicative second-person singular)
zéolitisera (future indicative singular third-person)
zéolitiserons (first-person future indicative plural)
zéolitiserez (future indicative plural second-person)
zéolitiseront (future indicative plural third-person)
zéolitiserais (conditional first-person singular)
zéolitiserais (conditional second-person singular)
zéolitiserait (conditional singular third-person)
zéolitiserions (conditional first-person plural)
zéolitiseriez (conditional plural second-person)
zéolitiseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
zéolitise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
zéolitises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
zéolitise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
zéolitisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
zéolitisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
zéolitisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
zéolitisasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
zéolitisasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
zéolitisât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
zéolitisassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
zéolitisassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
zéolitisassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
zéolitise (imperative second-person singular)
zéolitisons (first-person imperative plural)
zéolitisez (imperative plural second-person)


cassitérite

From Ancient Greek κασσίτερος (kassíteros, “tin”).


cinabre

From Old French cinabre, from Latin cinnabaris, from Ancient Greek κιννάβαρι (kinnábari).


sélénite

From Séléné (“Selene, Greek moon goddess”) + -ite.


eutrophique

(geography, of a swamp or a similar water reservoir) eutrophic, providing nutrients


sphène

→ English: sphene

→ Romanian: sfen

Coined by René Just Haüy in 1801, Traité de minéralogie vol. 3 p. 114, after Ancient Greek σφήν (sphḗn, “wedge”).


titanomagnétite

fr-noun

titanomagnétite f (plural titanomagnétites)


urane

(mineralogy) urania, yellowcake (uranium oxide)


subséquent

fr-adj

subséquent (feminine subséquente, masculine plural subséquents, feminine plural subséquentes)

subséquente (feminine)
subséquents (masculine plural)
subséquentes (feminine plural)


sédimentologie

fr-noun

sédimentologie f (plural sédimentologies)


ubac

→ English: ubac

Borrowed from Occitan ubac, from Latin opācus. Doublet of opaque.


sidérite

(mineralogy) siderite (iron(II) carbonate)


photogrammétrie

photogrammétrie f (plural photogrammétries)


chimiostratigraphie

chimiostratigraphie f (plural chimiostratigraphies)


chronostratigraphie

chronostratigraphie f (plural chronostratigraphies)


dolomitisé

fr-adj

dolomitisé (feminine dolomitisée, masculine plural dolomitisés, feminine plural dolomitisées)

dolomitisée (feminine)
dolomitisés (masculine plural)
dolomitisées (feminine plural)


englacé

englacé (feminine englacée, masculine plural englacés, feminine plural englacées)

englacée (feminine)
englacés (masculine plural)
englacées (feminine plural)


gélifraction

(geology) gelifraction, congeliturbation, cryoclasty


géochronologie

fr-noun

géochronologie f (plural géochronologies)


géoarchéologie

géoarchéologie f (plural géoarchéologies)


ghourd

(geology) a type of pyramidal dune found in the Sahara (a star dune)


hydrolaccolithe

hydrolaccolithe m (plural hydrolaccolithes)


lithostratigraphie

lithostratigraphie f (plural lithostratigraphies)


magnétostratigraphie

magnétostratigraphie f (plural magnétostratigraphies)


microminéralogie

microminéralogie f (plural microminéralogies)


orthose

orthose f Une orthose (canonical)
orthoses (plural)


morphotectonique

morphotectonique f (plural morphotectoniques)


sédimentation

→ Turkish: sedimantasyon


tectonophysique

tectonophysique f (plural tectonophysiques)


verseau

(geography) an uncovered slope above an entablature used to carry away water


strier

strier (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
striant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
strié (participle past)
strie (first-person indicative present singular)
stries (indicative present second-person singular)
strie (indicative present singular third-person)
strions (first-person indicative plural present)
striez (indicative plural present second-person)
strient (indicative plural present third-person)
striais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
striais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
striait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
striions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
striiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
striaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
striai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
strias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
stria (historic indicative past singular third-person)
striâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
striâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
strièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
strierai (first-person future indicative singular)
strieras (future indicative second-person singular)
striera (future indicative singular third-person)
strierons (first-person future indicative plural)
strierez (future indicative plural second-person)
strieront (future indicative plural third-person)
strierais (conditional first-person singular)
strierais (conditional second-person singular)
strierait (conditional singular third-person)
strierions (conditional first-person plural)
strieriez (conditional plural second-person)
strieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
strie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
stries (present second-person singular subjunctive)
strie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
striions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
striiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
strient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
striasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
striasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
striât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
striassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
striassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
striassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
strie (imperative second-person singular)
strions (first-person imperative plural)
striez (imperative plural second-person)


sparnacien

fr-adj

sparnacien (feminine sparnacienne, masculine plural sparnaciens, feminine plural sparnaciennes)

sparnacienne (feminine)
sparnaciens (masculine plural)
sparnaciennes (feminine plural)


pennine

(mineralogy) penninite (A double silicate of aluminium and magnesium)


rimaye

→ Catalan: rimaia

→ English: rimaye

From Franco-Provençal (Savoy) rimaye (“split, glacier crevasse”), from Latin rimari (“crack, split, open, search”).

uder

(geology) a crevasse at the upper end of a mountain glacier


antilogue

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀντίλογος (antílogos, “contradictory, reverse”), from ἀντιλέγω (antilégō, “speak against, gainsay, contradict”).


plan de faille

fr-noun

plan de faille m (plural plans de faille)


ligne de faille

ligne de faille f (plural lignes de faille)


maastrichtien

fr-adj

maastrichtien (feminine maastrichtienne, masculine plural maastrichtiens, feminine plural maastrichtiennes)

maastrichtienne (feminine)
maastrichtiens (masculine plural)
maastrichtiennes (feminine plural)

(geology) Maastrichtian Age; related to the Maastrichtien


distique

From Latin distichon (“a poem of two verses, a distich consisting of a hexameter and a pentameter”), from Ancient Greek δίστιχον (dístikhon).

uder

(mineralogy) having two rows of facets around each base


sénonien

fr-adj

sénonien (feminine sénonienne, masculine plural sénoniens, feminine plural sénoniennes)

sénonienne (feminine)
sénoniens (masculine plural)
sénoniennes (feminine plural)


hercynien

hercynien (feminine hercynienne, masculine plural hercyniens, feminine plural hercyniennes)

hercynienne (feminine)
hercyniens (masculine plural)
hercyniennes (feminine plural)


hercynien

(geology) Hercynian, Variscan (geological period)


métamorphiser

métamorphiser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
métamorphisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
métamorphisé (participle past)
métamorphise (first-person indicative present singular)
métamorphises (indicative present second-person singular)
métamorphise (indicative present singular third-person)
métamorphisons (first-person indicative plural present)
métamorphisez (indicative plural present second-person)
métamorphisent (indicative plural present third-person)
métamorphisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
métamorphisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
métamorphisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
métamorphisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
métamorphisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
métamorphisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
métamorphisai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
métamorphisas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
métamorphisa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
métamorphisâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
métamorphisâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
métamorphisèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
métamorphiserai (first-person future indicative singular)
métamorphiseras (future indicative second-person singular)
métamorphisera (future indicative singular third-person)
métamorphiserons (first-person future indicative plural)
métamorphiserez (future indicative plural second-person)
métamorphiseront (future indicative plural third-person)
métamorphiserais (conditional first-person singular)
métamorphiserais (conditional second-person singular)
métamorphiserait (conditional singular third-person)
métamorphiserions (conditional first-person plural)
métamorphiseriez (conditional plural second-person)
métamorphiseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
métamorphise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
métamorphises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
métamorphise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
métamorphisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
métamorphisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
métamorphisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
métamorphisasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
métamorphisasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
métamorphisât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
métamorphisassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
métamorphisassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
métamorphisassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
métamorphise (imperative second-person singular)
métamorphisons (first-person imperative plural)
métamorphisez (imperative plural second-person)


lieu-dit

C’est vrai qu’ils sont plaisants, tous ces petits villages / Tous ces bourgs, ces hameaux, ces lieux-dits, ces cités

1972, Georges Brassens (lyrics and music), “La Ballade des gens qui sont nés quelque part”, in Fernande:

It's true that they are pleasant, all these little villages / All these market towns, these hamlets, these localities, these cities

(geography, toponymy) the smallest geographical area bearing a traditional name


mégatsunami

(oceanography) megatsunami (an extremely large tsunami-like wave caused by an avalanche or landslide displacing large amounts of water very quickly)


piémontite

fr-noun

piémontite f (usually uncountable, plural piémontites)


IGN

(France, geography) Initialism of Institut Géographique National (the French national geographic institute, now called Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière)


lône

From Franco-Provençal lona, ultimately of Germanic origin.

(by extension, hydrology) any diverging branch of a river


zillerthite

(mineralogy, obsolete) Synonym of actinote


zincosite

(mineralogy) an evaporite composed of zinc sulfate


zvyagintsévite

zvyagintsévite f (plural zvyagintsévites)


yanthosiderite

yanthosiderite f (plural yanthosiderites)


argyride

(mineralogy) any mineral containing silver


pyritiser

pyritiser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pyritisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pyritisé (participle past)
pyritise (first-person indicative present singular)
pyritises (indicative present second-person singular)
pyritise (indicative present singular third-person)
pyritisons (first-person indicative plural present)
pyritisez (indicative plural present second-person)
pyritisent (indicative plural present third-person)
pyritisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pyritisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pyritisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pyritisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pyritisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pyritisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pyritisai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pyritisas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pyritisa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pyritisâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pyritisâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pyritisèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
pyritiserai (first-person future indicative singular)
pyritiseras (future indicative second-person singular)
pyritisera (future indicative singular third-person)
pyritiserons (first-person future indicative plural)
pyritiserez (future indicative plural second-person)
pyritiseront (future indicative plural third-person)
pyritiserais (conditional first-person singular)
pyritiserais (conditional second-person singular)
pyritiserait (conditional singular third-person)
pyritiserions (conditional first-person plural)
pyritiseriez (conditional plural second-person)
pyritiseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pyritise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pyritises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pyritise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pyritisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pyritisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pyritisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pyritisasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pyritisasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pyritisât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pyritisassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pyritisassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pyritisassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pyritise (imperative second-person singular)
pyritisons (first-person imperative plural)
pyritisez (imperative plural second-person)


rhizosphérique

From rhizo- + sphérique or rhizosphère + -ique.


aéronien

fr-adj

aéronien (feminine aéronienne, masculine plural aéroniens, feminine plural aéroniennes)

aéronienne (feminine)
aéroniens (masculine plural)
aéroniennes (feminine plural)


aluminosilicaté

aluminosilicaté (feminine aluminosilicatée, masculine plural aluminosilicatés, feminine plural aluminosilicatées)

aluminosilicatée (feminine)
aluminosilicatés (masculine plural)
aluminosilicatées (feminine plural)

(geology, mineralogy) Containing aluminosilicates


anthropéien

anthropéien (feminine anthropéienne, masculine plural anthropéiens, feminine plural anthropéiennes)

anthropéienne (feminine)
anthropéiens (masculine plural)
anthropéiennes (feminine plural)


archicontinental

archicontinental (feminine archicontinentale, masculine plural archicontinentaux, feminine plural archicontinentales)

archicontinentale (feminine)
archicontinentaux (masculine plural)
archicontinentales (feminine plural)

From archi- + continental or archicontinent + -al.


arsénien

arsénien (feminine arsénienne, masculine plural arséniens, feminine plural arséniennes)

arsénienne (feminine)
arséniens (masculine plural)
arséniennes (feminine plural)


bartonien

bartonien (feminine bartonienne, masculine plural bartoniens, feminine plural bartoniennes)

bartonienne (feminine)
bartoniens (masculine plural)
bartoniennes (feminine plural)


cours d'eau

cours d’eau (canonical masculine)
cours d’eau (plural)

Holonym: eau de surface

Meronyms: berge, bras, cascade, chute d’eau, confluent, embouchure, gué, lit, rapides, source

(geography) watercourse, waterway, stream, run


falun

(geology, agriculture) a stratum chiefly composed of shell beds, usually in reference to certain marine Cenozoic deposits in France


terra rossa

Borrowed from Italian terra rossa (“red earth”)


tuffeau

In particular, tuffeau stone, from the Loire valley of France.


plaque tectonique

fr-noun

plaque tectonique f (plural plaques tectoniques)


Lacaille

English: Lacaille

(astrocartography) the star catalogue compiled by Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille


pholérite

→ English: pholerite

From Ancient Greek φολίς (pholís) + -ite.

(mineralogy, obsolete) pholerite; kaolinite


eau de surface

eau de surface f (plural eaux de surface)

Meronyms: cours d’eau, plan d’eau


Laurentie

From Laurent + -ie. In the case of Québec, a reference to the St. Lawrence River, coined by Marie-Victorin.


Mauvaises Terres

desctree

→ English: badlands, badland, Bad Lands (archaic) (calque)
→ Esperanto: badlandoj
→ German: Badlands
→ French: badlands
→ Spanish: badlands

A l’époque où ces événements se produisirent, je revenais d’une exploration scientifique entreprise dans les mauvaises terres du Nebraska, aux États-Unis.

1870, Jules Verne, chapter 2, in Vingt Mille Lieues Sous Les Mers [Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas], Paris: J. Hetzel et Compagnie, part 1:


extinction massive

fr-noun

extinction massive f (plural extinctions massives)

(evolutionary theory, geology) mass extinction


Ral

(France, geography) Abbreviation of régional.


lagonite

* lagon + -ite
Named after the word "lagon" because it is found as an incrustation at Tuscan lagoons.

(mineralogy) An earthy, hydrous iron borate, H¹⁴Fe⁴Bo¹²O³¹ + 2[Fe²]ᵛⁱBo⁶O¹² + 7Aq


géocodage

Calque of English geocoding. géocoder + -age.


géocoder

géocoder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
géocodant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
géocodé (participle past)
géocode (first-person indicative present singular)
géocodes (indicative present second-person singular)
géocode (indicative present singular third-person)
géocodons (first-person indicative plural present)
géocodez (indicative plural present second-person)
géocodent (indicative plural present third-person)
géocodais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
géocodais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
géocodait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
géocodions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
géocodiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
géocodaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
géocodai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
géocodas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
géocoda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
géocodâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
géocodâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
géocodèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
géocoderai (first-person future indicative singular)
géocoderas (future indicative second-person singular)
géocodera (future indicative singular third-person)
géocoderons (first-person future indicative plural)
géocoderez (future indicative plural second-person)
géocoderont (future indicative plural third-person)
géocoderais (conditional first-person singular)
géocoderais (conditional second-person singular)
géocoderait (conditional singular third-person)
géocoderions (conditional first-person plural)
géocoderiez (conditional plural second-person)
géocoderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
géocode (first-person present singular subjunctive)
géocodes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
géocode (present singular subjunctive third-person)
géocodions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
géocodiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
géocodent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
géocodasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
géocodasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
géocodât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
géocodassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
géocodassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
géocodassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
géocode (imperative second-person singular)
géocodons (first-person imperative plural)
géocodez (imperative plural second-person)


pseudépigraphe

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ψευδεπίγραφος (pseudepígraphos, “(literally) (with) false superscription”).
By surface analysis, pseud- + épigraphe.

bor+

ψευδεπίγραφος


pseudépigraphe

fr-noun

pseudépigraphe m (plural pseudépigraphes)

bor+

ψευδεπίγραφος


gaure

(geology) decomposed granite, soft granite


colonne d'eau

colonne d’ eau (canonical feminine)
colonnes d’eau (plural)

(hydrology) water column (notional column of water from the surface to the bottom in a natural setting, notable for the differences in physical and chemical properties at various depths)


dérive des continents

Calque of German Kontinentalverschiebung.

clq

(geology) continental drift (the slow movement of continents explained by plate tectonics)


fumeur noir

Coordinate term: fumeur blanc

(geology, oceanography) black smoker (kind of hydrothermal vent found on the seabed, emitting clouds of black material)


fumeur blanc

Coordinate term: fumeur noir

(geology, oceanography) white smoker (kind of hydrothermal vent that emits lighter-hued minerals than those of a black smoker)