abduction

Learned borrowing from Latin abductiō(n) (“robbing; abduction”), from abdūcō (“take or lead away”) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results).

lbor

(physiology) abductive movement; abduction


aberration

Unadapted borrowing from Latin aberrātiō(n) (“relief, diversion”), from aberr(ā) (“wander away, go astray”) (from ab (“away”) + errō (“wander”)) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results). Compare English aberration.


ablactation

(medicine) Interruption in secretion of breast milk, usually caused by a hormonal imbalance

(medicine, archaic) the weaning of a child


ablation

→ Dutch: ablatie


nu

fr-adj

nu (feminine nue, masculine plural nus, feminine plural nues)

nue (feminine)
nus (masculine plural)
nues (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French nu, from Latin nūdus, from Proto-Indo-European *nogʷós.


langue

Haitian Creole: lang

Karipúna Creole French: lang

desc

Louisiana Creole: lang, lalanng, lalongn, lalangn, lalang, long

Seychellois Creole: lalang

→ English: langue

Inherited from Middle French langue, from Old French langue, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”).
See cognates in regional languages in France: Champenois laingue, Norman laungue, Gallo lenghe, Picard lingue, Bourguignon laingue, Franco-Provençal lengoua, Occitan lenga, Corsican lingua.

inh

tourner sa langue sept fois dans sa bouche

tourner sept fois sa langue dans sa bouche

la langue dans la bouche


chromosome

19th century: chromo- + -some, from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”) (because they are stained under the microscope).


face

→ Luxembourgish: Face

Inherited from Middle French and Old French face, from Late Latin facia, from Latin faciēs (“face, shape”). Doublet of faciès.


bouton

Antillean Creole: bouton

→ Bulgarian: бутон (buton)

→ English: bouton

→ Khmer: ប៊ូតុង (buutong)

→ Malagasy: bokotra

→ Romanian: buton

→ Russian: бутон (buton)

→ Turkish: buton

Inherited from Middle French bouton, boton, from Old French bouton, boton (“button, bud”), from Vulgar Latin *bautōnem, accusative of bautō, from Frankish *bautō (“that which pushes up, bump, knob”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan (“to beat, push”). By surface analysis, bouter (“to push”) + -on.
Cognate with Old High German bōzo (“bundle, flaxbundle”), Old Saxon bōto (“bunch or bundle of flaxs”). Compare Italian bottone, Spanish botón, which are borrowings of the French word.

cog

(pathology, dermatology) pimple, spot, zit


vif

fr-adj

vif (feminine vive, masculine plural vifs, feminine plural vives)

vive (feminine)
vifs (masculine plural)
vives (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).


œil

yeux (plural)
œils (plural)
oeil (alternative nonstandard)

Saint Dominican Creole French: z'yeu

Haitian Creole: zye

Inherited from Middle French œil, from Old French oil, uel, ueil (plural olz, ialz), from Vulgar Latin oclus, from Latin oculus. Doublet of oculus, a borrowing. Cognate with Spanish ojo, Portuguese olho, Galician ollo, Italian occhio, Romanian ochi and Catalan ull. For the phonetic development of the plural, see yeux.

tenir à quelque chose comme à la prunelle de ses yeux

(anatomy, plural yeux) eye, organ that is sensitive to light, helping organisms to see


rein

Inherited from Middle French rein, from Old French rein, from the plural reins, from Latin rēnes < rēn, from Proto-Italic *hrēn, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“an internal part of the body”).


cœur

Antillean Creole: kè

Haitian Creole: kè, kœ

→ Polish: kier

Inherited from Middle French coeur, from Old French cuer, from Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.


pied

Haitian Creole: pye

Inherited from Middle French pied, from Old French pié, from Latin pedem. The -d was added to the spelling in Middle French after the Latin form.
Cognate with Italian piede, Catalan peu, Spanish pie, Portuguese pé, and further with English foot, Lithuanian pėda, Persian پا (pâ) etc.


radius

Borrowed from Latin radius. Doublet of rai, which was inherited.


atlas

→ Romanian: atlas

→ Turkish: atlas


ADN

La police a recours à l'analyse ADN pour identifier les criminels.

Police resort to DNA analysis in order to identify criminals.

acide désoxyribonucléique
acide désoxyribonucléique#French

(biology, genetics) Initialism of acide désoxyribonucléique (“DNA”).


sein

au sein

Inherited from Old French sein, inherited from Latin sinus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sinos. Doublet of sinus. Compare Italian seno, Romanian sân, Romansch sain, Portuguese seio, Spanish seno.

sur votre jeune sein laissez rouler ma tête

Elle a de gros seins


glottal

fr-adj

glottal (feminine glottale, masculine plural glottaux, feminine plural glottales)

glottale (feminine)
glottaux (masculine plural)
glottales (feminine plural)

Derived from glott(e) (“glottis”) + -al (“-al”, adjectival derivational suffix).


quarantaine

→ Danish: karantæne

→ Dutch: quarantaine

→ German: Quarantäne

→ Swedish: karantän

From quarante + -aine, the medical sense a calque of Italian quarantena.

(medicine) quarantine (isolation to prevent contamination)


bride

→ Portuguese: brida

Inherited from Middle French bride, from Old French bride (“rein, bridle”), from Middle High German brīdel (“rein, bridle”), from Old High German brīdil (“rein, bridle”) (compare also Old High German brittil (“rein, strap”), French bretelle), from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil (“bridle”).
Compare Spanish brida, Italian briglia. More at bridle.

der

à cheval donné on ne regarde pas la bride


gland

Inherited from Old French glant, from Latin glandem.

Brise-cul, vingt-huit ans, l'air d'un satyre, son vit est tortu ; la tête ou le gland en est énorme : il a huit pouces trois lignes de tour, et le corps du vit huit pouces sur seize de long ; ce vit majestueux est absolument cambré.

1785, Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, translated by Austryn Wainhouse and Richard Seaver, Les 120 journées de Sodome, ou l'École du libertinage:

Bum-Cleaver, twenty-eight years old, has the look of a satyr; his majestic prick is bent saber fashion, its head, or glans, is enormous, it is eight and three-eighths inches in circumference and the shaft eight in length.

Comeronyms: corps caverneux, corps spongieux, frein, prépuce

Holonym: pénis

les papules perlées du gland

ellipsis of gland du pénis (“glans penis”)

Comeronym: capuchon du clitoris

Holonym: clitoris

gland du clitoris
gland du clitoris#French

ellipsis of gland du clitoris (“glans clitoridis”)

décalotter le gland

to uncover the glans penis or glans clitoridis by pulling back the foreskin or clitoral hood

recalotter le gland

to cover again the glans penis or glans clitoridis by pulling forward the foreskin or clitoral hood


nerf

Inherited from Middle French nerf, from Old French nerf, inherited from Latin nervus.


anus

→ Turkish: anüs


dos

Inherited from Old French dos, from Latin dorsum (through Vulgar Latin dossum). Compare Romansch dies, Catalan dors, Italian dosso, and Romanian dos.

ne pas y aller avec le dos de la cuillère


arcade

→ Danish: arkade

→ Dutch: arcade

→ English: arcade

→ German: Arkade

→ Norwegian Bokmål: arkade

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: arkade

→ Swedish: arkad

Borrowed from Italian arcata. By surface analysis, arc + -ade.


mucus

→ Turkish: mukus


tempe

From Vulgar Latin *tempula, from Latin tempora, originally an accusative plural form of tempus.

...une sueur glacée est sortie à la fois de tous mes membres, j’ai senti mes tempes se gonfler, et j’avais les oreilles pleines de bourdonnements.

1829, Victor Hugo, Le Dernier Jour d’un condamné:

ice-cold sweat dripped of every part of my body at the same time, I felt my temples swell, and there was a deafening hum in my ears.


cul

Inherited from Middle French cul, from Old French cul, from Latin cūlus, from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-l-, zero-grade without s-mobile form of *(s)kewH- (“to cover”).

le beurre, l’argent du beurre et le cul de la crémière

En effet, le prince Vibescu marchait, comme on croit à Bucharest que marchent les Parisiens ; c’est-à-dire à tous petits pas pressés et en tortillant le cul.

2008 [1907], Guillaume Apollinaire, chapter I, in Alexis Lykiard, transl., Les Onze mille verges [The Eleven Thousand Rods] (fiction):

Indeed, Prince Vibescu used to walk as Bucharest folk believe Parisians walk, that's to say with rapid little footsteps and wriggling his arse.

Ce fut un étalage admirable de culs de toutes les nationalités, car ce bordel modèle possédait des putains de toutes races. Le cul en forme de poire de la Frisonne contrastait avec les culs rebondis des Parisiennes, les fesses merveilleuses des Anglaises, les postérieurs carrés des Scandinaves et les culs tombants des Catalanes.

1967 [1907], Guillaume Apollinaire, chapter VI, in David B. Lewis + Wiktionary, transl., Les Onze mille verges [Debauched Hospodar] (fiction):

This was an admirable display of arses of all nationalities, as this model whorehouse held hookers of all races. The Frisian girl’s pear-shaped arse contrasted with the plump Parisians’, with the marvelous buttocks of the English, the square behinds of the Scandinavians, and the plunging arses of the Catalans.


trouble

→ German: Trubel

Deverbal from troubler or from Old French troble.

trouble bipolaire

trouble de la personnalité

trouble de l'érection

trouble de l'humeur

trouble du sommeil

trouble mental

trouble obsessionnel compulsif

trouble psychiatrique

trouble psychique


malin

fr-adj

malin (feminine maligne or maline, masculine plural malins, feminine plural malignes or malines)

maligne (feminine)
maline (feminine)
malins (masculine plural)
malignes (feminine plural)
malines (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French malin(g), backformation from Old French maligne m (12th c.), a borrowing from Latin malignus. Compare the same backformation in bénin and, on the other hand, the original common-gender form preserved in digne.

une tumeur maligne


cure

Inherited from Middle French cure, from Old French cure, from Latin cūra, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeys- (“to heed”).


palatal

palatal (feminine palatale, masculine plural palataux, feminine plural palatales)

palatale (feminine)
palataux (masculine plural)
palatales (feminine plural)


temporal

temporal (feminine temporale, masculine plural temporaux, feminine plural temporales)

temporale (feminine)
temporaux (masculine plural)
temporales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from New Latin temporālis, from tempus (“temple”) (whence tempe).

lobe temporal


col

→ Hausa: kwal

Inherited from Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.


pectoral

Borrowed from Latin pectorālis. Doublet of poitrail.


pectoral

pectoral (feminine pectorale, masculine plural pectoraux, feminine plural pectorales)

pectorale (feminine)
pectoraux (masculine plural)
pectorales (feminine plural)


-ose

Borrowed via Latin from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis, “state, abnormal condition, or action”), from -όω (-óō) stem verbs + -σις (-sis).

der

(pathology) -osis, a functional disease or condition


brayer

Inherited from Old French, from Old Norse bræða (“melt; make oil, tar, pitch”).


distal

fr-adj

distal (feminine distale, masculine plural distaux, feminine plural distales)

distale (feminine)
distaux (masculine plural)
distales (feminine plural)


hymen

→ English: hymen

→ Romanian: himen

→ Turkish: himen

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑμήν (humḗn, “skin, membrane”).


lobe

Inherited from Middle French, from Ancient Greek λοβός (lobós).

lobe de l'oreille


contention

(medicine) immobilization, (psychiatry) restraint


biceps

(anatomy) biceps (any two-headed muscle)


circulation

→ Romanian: circulație

→ Turkish: sirkülasyon


plaque

→ Persian: پلاک (pelâk)

From Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from *Old Dutch plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).

der

plaque muqueuse, dentaire


roulette

→ Catalan: ruleta

→ Czech: ruleta

→ Danish: roulette, roulet

→ English: roulette

→ Galician: ruleta

→ German: Roulette (see there for further descendants)

→ Italian: roulette

→ Japanese: ルーレット

→ Norwegian Bokmål: rulett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rulett

→ Portuguese: roleta

→ Spanish: ruleta

→ Swedish: roulett

→ Thai: รูเล็ตต์ (ruu-lèt)


loupe

→ Catalan: lupa

→ Danish: lup

→ Dutch: loep
→ Indonesian: lup

→ English: loupe

→ Finnish: luppi

desctree

→ German: Lupe
Japanese: ルーペ (rūpe)
Korean: 루페 (rupe)

→ Luxembourgish: Lupp

→ Polish: lupa

→ Portuguese: lupa

→ Romanian: lupă

→ Russian: лу́па (lúpa)

→ Spanish: lupa
→ Basque: lupa

→ Swedish: lupp

→ Vietnamese: kính lúp

From Middle French, from Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”), of uncertain origin, though probably from Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”), from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”), *lub- (“to peel, hang”), from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”). Cognate with Dutch dialectal (Meuse-Rhenish) luppe (“piece”); Middle Dutch and Middle Low German lobbe (“dangling part”); Saterland Frisian lobbe (“hanging lump of flesh”); Old English loppe, lobbe (“spider”); Dutch lob (“hanging lip, ruffle or sleeve”). More at lobe.


version

(medicine) an obstetric maneuver to change the fetus' position inside the uterus so as to facilitate childbirth


FA

fibrillation auriculaire
fibrillation auriculaire#French

fibrillation atriale
fibrillation atriale#French

(medicine) AF (“atrial fibrillation”): Initialism of fibrillation auriculaire or fibrillation atriale.


synapse

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σύναψις (súnapsis, “conjunction”), from συνάπτω (sunáptō, “to clasp”).


morphine

From Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús) + -ine.


trauma

From the Ancient Greek τραῦμᾰ (traûmă, “wound”).

(medicine) trauma (a localised injury produced by an external action)

trauma psychique
trauma psychique#French

(psychology and psychoanalysis, elliptical use for trauma psychique) psychic trauma


virulent

fr-adj

virulent (feminine virulente, masculine plural virulents, feminine plural virulentes)

virulente (feminine)
virulents (masculine plural)
virulentes (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Late Latin virulentus. The second sense is probably a semantic loan from English.


pont

Haitian Creole: pon

→ Vietnamese: boong

Inherited from Old French pont, from Latin pontem.


organelle

→ Turkish: organel


lymphocyte

→ Persian: لنفوسیت (lanfosit)

→ Turkish: lenfosit


suture

Learned borrowing from Latin sūtūra (“suture”). Compare couture.


systole

Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek συστολή (sustolḗ), from συστέλλω (sustéllō, “to contract”), from σύν (sún, “together”) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to send”).


ovule

From Latin ōvum (“egg”) + -ule (diminutive suffix).

af

Marvin avait avalé 1 kilo de poudre blanche, soit 105 petits ovules plastifiés.


infection

→ Turkish: enfeksiyon

From Old French infection, from Late Latin īnfectiōnem.


uvula

Unadapted borrowing from Late Latin ūvula (“small grape”), diminutive of Latin ūva. Doublet of uvule, another borrowing.


buste

→ Danish: buste

→ Polish: biust

→ Romanian: bust

desctree

→ Russian: бюст (bjust)
→ Georgian: ბიუსტი (biusṭi)

Borrowed from Italian busto, from Latin būstum.

Une chaîne en or orne son buste.


fraise

→ Arabic: فَرَّاز (farrāz)

→ Dutch: frees

→ English: fraise

→ German: Fräse

→ Belarusian: фрэ́за (fréza)

→ Czech: fréza, frézka

desc

→ Bulgarian: фре́за (fréza), фрез (frez)

→ Macedonian: фреза (freza)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фре́за

Latin script: fréza

→ Slovak: fréz, fréza, frézka

→ Slovene: frẹ̄za

→ Ukrainian: фре́за (fréza)

⇒ German: Fräser

desctree

⇒ German: Fräsmaschine
→ Bulgarian: фрезмаши́на (frezmašína)
→ Russian: фрезмаши́на (frezmašína)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
→ Cyrillic script: фрезмашина
→ Latin script: frezmašina

→ Polish: frez

→ Portuguese: fresa

→ Romanian: freză

→ Russian: фреза́ (frezá)

→ Spanish: fresa

→ Swedish: fräs

→ Ottoman Turkish: فرازه (freze)
Turkish: freze

Related to fraiser, or possibly from a Vulgar Latin *fresāre, from Latin fresum, past participle of frendō, or from a derived root *fresa. Compare Italian and Spanish fresa.


overdose

(medicine) overdose (excessive and dangerous dose of a drug)


couronne

Inherited from Old French corone, inherited from Latin corōna, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē).

(anatomy) corona (circumference of the base of the glans penis in humans)


crâne

From Middle French crane (14th c.), a borrowing from Medieval Latin crānium.


sonde

→ Catalan: sonda

→ Danish: sonde

→ Dutch: sonde
→ Indonesian: sonde

→ English: sonde

→ German: Sonde
→ Russian: зонд (zond)
→ Kazakh: зонд (zond)

→ Italian: sonda
→ Ottoman Turkish: سونده (sonda), سوندا (sonda)
Turkish: sonda

→ Norwegian Bokmål: sonde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: sonde

→ Portuguese: sonda

→ Spanish: sonda

→ Vietnamese: xông

From Middle French, from Old French sonde (“sounding line”), from Old English sund- (“sounding”), as in sundġierd (“sounding-rod”), sundlīne (“sounding-line, lead”), sundrāp (“sounding-rope, lead”), from sund (“ocean, sea”), from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swem(bʰ)- (“to be unsteady, swim”). Cognate with Old Norse sund (“swimming; strait, sound”). More at sound.


ça

Calque of German Es (“id”), substantivized from the pronoun.


cas

Inherited from Old French cas, borrowed from Latin cāsus.


moule

Inherited from Old French moule, from Vulgar Latin *mŭsclus, from Latin mūsculus. Doublet of muscle.


articulation

→ Turkish: artikülasyon

Learned borrowing from Latin articulātiō. By surface analysis, articuler + -ation.

lbor

(anatomy) joint (joint with freedom to rotate)


coccyx

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόκκυξ (kókkux).


cervical

fr-adj

cervical (feminine cervicale, masculine plural cervicaux, feminine plural cervicales)

cervicale (feminine)
cervicaux (masculine plural)
cervicales (feminine plural)

→ English: cervical

Learned borrowing from New Latin cervicālis, formed from the root of Latin cervix (“the neck, nape of the neck”) and -alis (see -al).

der

vertèbre cervicale


phalange

Borrowed from either Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx) or Latin phalangem. Doublet of palanque and palanche. See also the related planche.


auge

From Latin alveus; according to the TLFi etymological dictionary, it was a (very early) borrowing.

(anatomy) intermandibular region (of a horse or other mammal)


rectum

Borrowed from Latin rectum (intestīnum) (“straight intestine”).


ACE

(medicine) acronym of antigène carcino-embryonnaire (“carcinoembryonic antigen”): CEA


sinus

Learned borrowing from Latin sinus. Doublet of sein.


tampon

English: tampon

Persian: تامپون (tâmpon)

German: Tampon

Dutch: tampon

Italian: tampone

Japanese: タンポン (tanpon)

Korean: 탐폰 (tampon)

Portuguese: tampão

Russian: тампо́н (tampón)

Spanish: tampón

Nasalized variant of tapon, from Frankish *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“plug, tap”), cognate with Dutch tappe, German Zapfen, Old English tæppa, English tap.

Il monta chercher dans sa chambre, au premier étage, un petit tampon d'ouate; puis, comme le sang était sec et collait à la porcelaine, il humecta légèrement le coton avant de frotter.

1932, Jules Romains, Hommes de bonne volonté:

He went up to his room on the first floor to look for a small ball of cotton wool; then, since the blood was dry and stuck to the porcelain, he moistened the cotton slightly before rubbing.


anticoagulant

fr-adj

anticoagulant (feminine anticoagulante, masculine plural anticoagulants, feminine plural anticoagulantes)

anticoagulante (feminine)
anticoagulants (masculine plural)
anticoagulantes (feminine plural)

(medicine) anticoagulant, anticoagulating (that prevents coagulation, that stops blood from clotting)


anticoagulant

(medicine) anticoagulant (substance that prevents coagulation, that stops blood from clotting)


sphincter

Borrowed from Late Latin sphinctēr (“the muscle of the anus”), from Ancient Greek σφῐγκτήρ (sphĭnktḗr, “lace, band; contractile muscle”).


épaule

Inherited from Middle French espaule, from Old French espalle, from Vulgar Latin *spatla, from Late Latin spathula (“flat, broad piece”), diminutive of Latin spatha (“straight sword”) (whence French épée (“sword”)). Doublet of spatule, which was a borrowing.


diastole

→ Dutch: diastole

Borrowed from Ancient Greek διαστολή (diastolḗ, “separation, drawing asunder”).


spinal

fr-adj

spinal (feminine spinale, masculine plural spinaux, feminine plural spinales)

spinale (feminine)
spinaux (masculine plural)
spinales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Late Latin spīnālis, from Latin spīna.


MSF

(medicine) Initialism of Médecins Sans Frontières. (Doctors Without Borders)


incision

First known attestation 1314 in the French translation of Chirurgie by Henri de Mondeville. Learned borrowing from Latin incisiōnem.


froid

Mauritian Creole: frwa

Inherited from Old French froit, freid, inherited from Latin frīgidus (“cold”) (through a syncopated Vulgar Latin or Late Latin form frigdus, fricdus, attested in the Appendix Probi, or fridus, on a Pompeian inscription). Doublet of frigide, a later borrowing.


thalamus

→ Persian: تالاموس (tâlâmus)

Borrowed from New Latin, from Latin thalamus, from Ancient Greek θάλαμος (thálamos).


lumbago

Firmin souffrait d'un lumbago; il ne pouvait plus «mouveter», le pauvre !

Firmin had lumbago; he could no longer move a muscle, poor man!

(pathology) lumbago (pain in the lower back)


postprandial

postprandial (feminine postprandiale, masculine plural postprandiaux, feminine plural postprandiales)

postprandiale (feminine)
postprandiaux (masculine plural)
postprandiales (feminine plural)


aileron

→ Dutch: aileron

→ English: aileron

→ Portuguese: ailerão

→ Spanish: alerón

(anatomy) flipper (of penguins and other animals)


prescription

Inherited from Old French prescripcion, itself borrowed from Latin praescrīptiō.

(medicine) prescription (written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses)


caudal

caudal (feminine caudale, masculine plural caudaux, feminine plural caudales)

caudale (feminine)
caudaux (masculine plural)
caudales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin caudālis, from cauda. See also queue.


vermifuge

From Latin vermis (“worm”) + fugāre (“to cause to flee”).


petit mal

→ Danish: petit mal

→ English: petit mal

Coordinate term: grand mal


lumière

Inherited from Middle French lumiere f, from Old French lumiere f, from Late Latin lūmināria f (“light”), neuter plural of lūmināre n (“star”) become feminine, ultimately from Latin lūmen n. Doublet of luminaire m.
Compare Occitan lumenaria f and Italian luminaria f.


nosocomial

nosocomial (feminine nosocomiale, masculine plural nosocomiaux, feminine plural nosocomiales)

nosocomiale (feminine)
nosocomiaux (masculine plural)
nosocomiales (feminine plural)

From Late Latin nosocomīum (“hospital”) + -al, from Ancient Greek νοσοκομεῖον (nosokomeîon).

af

(medicine) nosocomial (arising from hospital treatment)


foie

Inherited from Old French foie, feie, from Late Latin fīcātum (“liver (as food)”), from Latin iecur fīcātum (“fig-stuffed liver, foie gras”). The French form goes back to a byform ficatum with a short accented -i- (whence Italian fegato), which was then metathesised to *fitacum. The last also underlies in Catalan fetge.


bourse

→ English: bourse

→ Persian: بورس (burs)

→ Romanian: bursă

→ Turkish: burs

Inherited from Old French borse, from Medieval Latin, Late Latin bursa, from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide”).

Les testicules [...] sont suspendus au-dessous du bassin dans une espèce de bourse ou de scrotum [...]

1805, Georges Cuvier, Les organes de la génération:

The testicles … are hanging below the pelvis in a sort of purse or scrotum …

(anatomy)
(generally in the plural) the scrotum

Ça remonte à quand, la dernière fois que tu t'es vidé les bourses ?

When was the last time you emptied your balls?


ganache

(veterinary medicine) cachexia, one of the symptoms of which is swelling under the mandible.


incontinent

fr-adj

incontinent (feminine incontinente, masculine plural incontinents, feminine plural incontinentes)

incontinente (feminine)
incontinents (masculine plural)
incontinentes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French incontinent, borrowed from Latin incontinentem, from in + continens.

inh+

(medicine) incontinent, suffering from incontinence, enuretic


boulet

From Middle French boulet, corresponding to boule + -et.


macule

Borrowed from Latin macula. Doublet of maille, which was inherited.

(rare and literary or sciences, astronomy, medicine, zoology) stain


vagal

fr-adj

vagal (feminine vagale, masculine plural vagaux, feminine plural vagales)

vagale (feminine)
vagaux (masculine plural)
vagales (feminine plural)


engouement

From engouer (“to become passionate about”) + -ment.


granulocyte

(cytology, immunology) granulocyte (blood cell)


thrombocyte

(hematology, cytology) platelet, thrombocyte


-ite

Borrowed from Latin -ītēs, from Ancient Greek -ίτης (-ítēs).

alvéole (“alveolus”) + -ite → alvéolite (“alveolitis”)


capitation

Learned borrowing from Latin capitātiōnem.


implant

Turkish: implant


coronal

fr-adj

coronal (feminine coronale, masculine plural coronaux, feminine plural coronales)

coronale (feminine)
coronaux (masculine plural)
coronales (feminine plural)

From Latin corōnālis, from corōna (“a crown”).

(anatomy, astronomy, botany, phonetics) coronal


Tylenol

(North America, pharmacology) Tylenol; a marketed variety of acetaminophen (“paracetamol”)


tympan

Borrowed from Latin tympanum. Doublet of timbre, which was inherited.


paume

Inherited from Middle French paulme, from Old French paume, paulme, from Latin palma, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂. Compare palme (“palm tree”), a borrowed doublet.


bec

→ Portuguese: beque

Inherited from Old French bec, from Latin beccus (“beak”), from Gaulish *beccos, from Proto-Celtic *bekkos.


poitrine

Inherited from Old French poitrine, peitrine, from Vulgar Latin *pectorīna, derived from Latin pectus. Gradually replaced pis, now meaning udder. Cognate with Spanish pretina (“waistband”).

inh+

bomber la poitrine

Il a la poitrine velue.


squelette

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: اسكلت (iskelet)
Turkish: iskelet

→ Persian: اسکلت (eskelet)

→ Romanian: schelet

From Middle French scelette, a learned borrowing from Latin sceletus, from Ancient Greek σκελετός (skeletós, “dried up, withered, dried body, parched, mummy”).


poumon

Inherited from Old French poumon, pulmun, inherited from Latin pulmōnem (“lung”), from Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō.


calcul

→ German: Kalkül
→ Czech: kalkul

→ Romanian: calcul

→ Swedish: kalkyl

calcul biliaire

calcul rénal

(medicine) calculus, stone (stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ)


aiguille

aiguilles (plural)
aguille (alternative obsolete)

Inherited from Old French aguille, from Late Latin acūcula, diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”). Perhaps influenced phonetically by aiguiser. Compare Occitan agulha.

aiguille à tricoter

de fil en aiguille

chercher une aiguille dans une botte de foin

talon aiguille


étrier

→ English: étrier

→ Romanian: etrier

Inherited from Middle French estrier, from Old French estrief, estreu (“a ring hanging on each side of the saddle supporting a rider's foot”), from Frankish *streup (“buckle, stirrup”), perhaps for Frankish *stigareip (“stirrup”). Compare Old High German stegareif (“stirrup”), Middle Dutch stegerep (“stirrup”), Old English stīrāp, stiġrāp (“stirrup”), Old Norse stigreip (“stirrup”). See also étrivière. More at stirrup.


obnubilation

Inherited from the Middle French obnubilation.

(medicine, obsolete) perception of objects as if seen through a cloud, dazzlement, obnubilation

vertige

(medicine) a disorder of consciousness characterised by slowed and obscured thought, obnubilation


collet

→ Portuguese: colete

Inherited from Middle French collet. By surface analysis, col + -et.


purger

purger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
purgeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
purgé (participle past)
purge (first-person indicative present singular)
purges (indicative present second-person singular)
purge (indicative present singular third-person)
purgeons (first-person indicative plural present)
purgez (indicative plural present second-person)
purgent (indicative plural present third-person)
purgeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
purgeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
purgeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
purgions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
purgiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
purgeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
purgeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
purgeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
purgea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
purgeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
purgeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
purgèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
purgerai (first-person future indicative singular)
purgeras (future indicative second-person singular)
purgera (future indicative singular third-person)
purgerons (first-person future indicative plural)
purgerez (future indicative plural second-person)
purgeront (future indicative plural third-person)
purgerais (conditional first-person singular)
purgerais (conditional second-person singular)
purgerait (conditional singular third-person)
purgerions (conditional first-person plural)
purgeriez (conditional plural second-person)
purgeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
purge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
purges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
purge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
purgions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
purgiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
purgent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
purgeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
purgeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
purgeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
purgeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
purgeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
purgeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
purge (imperative second-person singular)
purgeons (first-person imperative plural)
purgez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Romanian: purja


aisselle

Inherited from Old French aisele, inherited from Vulgar Latin *axella, Late Latin ascella, from Latin axilla.


gencive

Inherited from Old French [Term?] (compare 11th-century Judeo-French jencives, 12th-century Walloon genchives), from Latin gingīva (with dissimilation of the second -g-), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-.


cuisse

Haitian Creole: kwis

→ English: cuish, cuisse, quish

Inherited from Old French cuisse, quisse, from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin coxa (“thigh”), from Latin coxa (“hip”). Compare hanche.


crise

→ Romanian: criză

→ Turkish: kriz
→ Laz: კრიზი (ǩrizi)

Borrowed from Latin crisis, from Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis).


stade

→ Turkish: stat

From Latin stadium, from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), neuter form of στάδιος (stádios, “stable, firm”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to be standing”).

un stade avancé d’une maladie


souffle

→ English: souffle

(cardiology, medicine) the sound made by any condition which produces noisy, or turbulent, flow of blood through the heart; a murmur


tibial

fr-adj

tibial (feminine tibiale, masculine plural tibiaux, feminine plural tibiales)

tibiale (feminine)
tibiaux (masculine plural)
tibiales (feminine plural)


disque

→ English: disc

→ Norman: disque

→ Persian: دیسک (disk)

→ Romanian: disc

→ Turkish: disk

Borrowed from Latin discus. Doublet of dais, which was inherited from Old French deis, dois.

disc (any flat or nearly flat circular object)


acidose

(pathology) acidosis (an abnormally increased acidity of the blood)


carpe

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καρπός (karpós).


carie

(dentistry) decay (uncountable), cavity (countable) (process or result of bone or teeth being gradually decomposed)


hippocampe

Learned borrowing from Latin hippocampus, from Ancient Greek ἱππόκαμπος (hippókampos), from ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + κάμπος (kámpos, “sea-monster”).


phimosis

From Ancient Greek φίμωσις (phímōsis, “muzzling”).


théisme

(uncountable, pathology) theism (“a morbid condition resulting from excessive consumption of tea”)


quint

fr-adj

quint (feminine quinte, masculine plural quints, feminine plural quintes)

quinte (feminine)
quints (masculine plural)
quintes (feminine plural)

la fièvre quinte

(archaic, medicine) occurring at an interval of five days


fulguré

fulguré (feminine fulgurée, masculine plural fulgurés, feminine plural fulgurées)

fulgurée (feminine)
fulgurés (masculine plural)
fulgurées (feminine plural)


tissu

Inherited from Old French tissu, participle of tistre (modern tisser). Compare Italian tessuto.


coquille

→ English: coquille

→ Romanian: cochilie

From a combination of Vulgar Latin *conchilia (from Latin conchylium) with coccum.

(medicine) vacuum mattress (for spinal immobilization)

(medicine) egg crate mattress (for prevention of bedsores)


antre

Borrowed from Latin antrum, from Ancient Greek ἄντρον (ántron).


réduire

réduire (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
réduisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
réduit (participle past)
réduis (first-person indicative present singular)
réduis (indicative present second-person singular)
réduit (indicative present singular third-person)
réduisons (first-person indicative plural present)
réduisez (indicative plural present second-person)
réduisent (indicative plural present third-person)
réduisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
réduisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
réduisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
réduisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
réduisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
réduisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
réduisis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
réduisis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
réduisit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
réduisîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
réduisîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
réduisirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
réduirai (first-person future indicative singular)
réduiras (future indicative second-person singular)
réduira (future indicative singular third-person)
réduirons (first-person future indicative plural)
réduirez (future indicative plural second-person)
réduiront (future indicative plural third-person)
réduirais (conditional first-person singular)
réduirais (conditional second-person singular)
réduirait (conditional singular third-person)
réduirions (conditional first-person plural)
réduiriez (conditional plural second-person)
réduiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
réduise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
réduises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
réduise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
réduisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
réduisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
réduisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
réduisisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
réduisisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
réduisît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
réduisissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
réduisissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
réduisissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
réduis (imperative second-person singular)
réduisons (first-person imperative plural)
réduisez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French reduire, from Old French reduire, an alteration or Gallicization of Latin redūcere (“reduce”), after conduire.


autosome

→ Romanian: autozom


pression

Learned borrowing from Latin pressiō, pressiōnis.

lbor

(medicine, physics, uncountable) pressure


chancre

→ English: chancre

Inherited from Middle French chancre, from Old French chancre, inherited from Latin cancrum, from Proto-Italic *kankros, dissimilation of *karkros (“enclosure”) (because the pincers of a crab form a circle), from Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”), reduplication of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Doublet of cancer.


purpura

Learned borrowing from Latin purpura. Doublet of pourpre.


croquant

(anatomy) antihelix (cartilage of the ear)


forme fruste

(medicine) forme fruste, unfinished form


English: RU-486

Roussel+UCLAF+486, from Usines Chimiques des Laboratoires Français. From the codename RU-38486, the 38,486th compound synthesized by Roussel-Uclaf; then shortened to RU-486.

(pharmacology) RU-486: mifepristone: Synonym of mifépristone.


(pharmacology) RU-486: mifépristone: A drug formulation containing the active agent mifepristone


marteau

marteaux (plural)
martel (alternative archaic)

→ Chadian Arabic: مرتو (marto)

Inherited from Middle French marteau m, from a back-formation from Old French marteaus (ca. 1140), plural of martel, from Late Latin martellus, from martulus, variant form of marculus, diminutive of Latin marcus, or from malleus.


frein

→ Khmer: ហ្វ្រ័ង (frang)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: فرن (fren), فرهن (fren)
Turkish: fren

→ Vietnamese: phanh

Inherited from Old French frein, from Latin frēnum n. Cognate with Portuguese freio and Spanish freno.
Cf. the borrowed freiner.

frein de la langue

frein du prépuce


leucocyte

Coordinate term: érythrocyte


cardio-

From Ancient Greek καρδία (kardía, “heart”).


angoisse

Inherited from Old French angoisse, from Latin angustia.


occipital

fr-adj

occipital (feminine occipitale, masculine plural occipitaux, feminine plural occipitales)

occipitale (feminine)
occipitaux (masculine plural)
occipitales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from New Latin occipitālis, from Latin occiput (whence occiput).

lobe occipital


dermatite

From Ancient Greek δέρμα (dérma, “skin”) + -ite.


couveuse

→ Danish: kuvøse

→ Dutch: couveuse

→ English: couveuse

→ Swedish: kuvös

→ Turkish: küvöz

(medicine) an incubator for sick or premature newborns; couveuse


foudroyant

fr-adj

foudroyant (feminine foudroyante, masculine plural foudroyants, feminine plural foudroyantes)

foudroyante (feminine)
foudroyants (masculine plural)
foudroyantes (feminine plural)

Il a contracté une méningite foudroyante.

(medicine) fulminant; fatal, deadly (coming on quickly and destructively)


glande

→ Romanian: glandă

→ Russian: гла́нда (glánda) (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Old French glandre, from Medical Latin glandula, from glāns, glāndem.

(medicine, non-technical) swollen lymph node


patte

From Middle French, from Old French pade, pate (“paw, foot of an animal”), from Vulgar Latin *patta (“paw, foot”), borrowed from Frankish *patta (“paw, sole of the foot”), from Proto-Germanic *pat-, *paþa- (“to walk, tread, go, step”), of uncertain origin and relation. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pent-, *(s)pat- (“path; to walk”), a variant of Proto-Indo-European *pent-, *pat- (“path; to go”).
Cognate with Dutch poot (“paw”), Low German pedden (“to step, tread”). Related to English pad, path.


souche

Inherited from Middle French souche, from Old French çoche, from Vulgar Latin *tsucca, from Gaulish *tsukka, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“stock; stump”). Cognate with Catalan and Spanish soca, Sicilian zuccu. More at English stock.


induration

Borrowed from Medieval Latin indurātiōnem.

bor+

(medicine) induration, (hardening of tissue)


chirurgie

Borrowed from Latin chirurgia, from chirurgus, from Ancient Greek χειρουργός (kheirourgós).


tendinite

From Medieval Latin tendō, tendinis + -ite.


otite

→ Persian: اوتیت (otit)

→ Romanian: otită

→ Turkish: otit

From Ancient Greek οὖς, ὠτός (oûs, ōtós, “ear”) + -ite.

af

(pathology) otitis (inflammation of the ear)


sinusite

→ Persian: سینوزیت (sinuzit)

→ Romanian: sinuzită

→ Turkish: sinüzit


bronchite

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: برونشیت (bronşit)
Turkish: bronşit

→ Persian: برونشیت (boronšit)

→ Romanian: bronșită


gastrite

→ Turkish: gastrit


aspirine

→ Romanian: aspirină

→ Turkish: aspirin

Borrowed from German Aspirin, from acetylierte Spirsäure (“acetylated salicylic acid”). The second word comes from the name of the plant genus Spiraea.

(pharmacology) an aspirin (analgesic drug)


pellagre

From Italian pelle (“skin”) + agra (“sour”).


urologie

→ Persian: اورولوژی (uroloži)

→ Turkish: üroloji


oncologie

→ Turkish: onkoloji

(medicine) (oncology) oncology (branch of medicine concerned with tumors and cancers)


tonsille

→ English: tonsil


tonsillectomie

fr-noun

tonsillectomie f (plural tonsillectomies)


carotide

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καρωτίς (karōtís), from κάρος (káros, “stupor”).


sondage

→ Albanian: sondazh

→ Catalan: sondatge

→ Czech: sondáž

→ English: sondage

→ Galician: sondaxe

→ Italian: sondaggio

→ Occitan: sondatge

→ Portuguese: sondagem

→ Romanian: sondaj

→ Spanish: sondaje

→ Turkish: sondaj

(medicine) probing, probe, catheterization


lancette

→ Portuguese: lanceta

Inherited from Old French lancete (diminutive of lance). By surface analysis, lance + -ette.

(medicine) a lancet, a sharp pointed medical instrument


échauffer

échauffer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
échauffant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
échauffé (participle past)
échauffe (first-person indicative present singular)
échauffes (indicative present second-person singular)
échauffe (indicative present singular third-person)
échauffons (first-person indicative plural present)
échauffez (indicative plural present second-person)
échauffent (indicative plural present third-person)
échauffais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
échauffais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
échauffait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
échauffions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
échauffiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
échauffaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
échauffai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
échauffas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
échauffa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
échauffâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
échauffâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
échauffèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
échaufferai (first-person future indicative singular)
échaufferas (future indicative second-person singular)
échauffera (future indicative singular third-person)
échaufferons (first-person future indicative plural)
échaufferez (future indicative plural second-person)
échaufferont (future indicative plural third-person)
échaufferais (conditional first-person singular)
échaufferais (conditional second-person singular)
échaufferait (conditional singular third-person)
échaufferions (conditional first-person plural)
échaufferiez (conditional plural second-person)
échaufferaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
échauffe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
échauffes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
échauffe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
échauffions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
échauffiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
échauffent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
échauffasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
échauffasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
échauffât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
échauffassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
échauffassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
échauffassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
échauffe (imperative second-person singular)
échauffons (first-person imperative plural)
échauffez (imperative plural second-person)

German: echauffieren

Inherited from Middle French eschauffer, from Old French eschaufer, eschalfer, from Vulgar Latin *excalfāre, from Latin excal(e)facere, from ex + cal(e)facere.
Ultimately related to échauder (cognate and synonym of English "scald").


isolement

From isoler + -ment, first attested in 1701.

(medicine) isolation (separation of a patient)


vibrisse

(anatomy, ornithology) vibrissa (any of the tactile whiskers on the nose of an animal such as a cat; any similar feather near the mouth of some birds)


palustre

accès palustre

(medicine, relational) malaria, malarial


bougie à boule

fr-noun

bougie à boule f (plural bougies à boule)

(medicine) a urological tool used to assess urethral diameter, that is ball- (or bulb-) tipped


boyau

→ English: boyau

Inherited from Old French boiel /boial, from Latin botellus.

(anatomy) gut, intestine (of an animal, or, informally of a human)


fessier

fr-adj

fessier (feminine fessière, masculine plural fessiers, feminine plural fessières)

fessière (feminine)
fessiers (masculine plural)
fessières (feminine plural)

(anatomy) Specifically, of the buttocks' muscles


acharnement thérapeutique

fr-noun

acharnement thérapeutique m (plural acharnements thérapeutiques)

(idiomatic, medicine) Providing medical care to keep patients alive when there is no hope that it will benefit or cure them


thérapeutique

desc

→ Greek: θεραπευτική (therapeftikí) (learned)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek θεραπευτικός (therapeutikós, “attentive, helpful, obliging, curative”).

lbor

θεραπευτικός

(medicine) Set of processes involved in a specific treatment


FIBA

(medicine) Alternative letter-case form of FibA


fèces

Les habitudes alimentaires des chauves-souris ont été déterminées à partir d'échantillons de fèces. Nous avons également vérifié la composition et l'abondance relative des différents ordres d'insectes dans les trois habitats à l'aide de pièges lumineux. Les villes où les rues sont éclairées par des lampes à vapeur de mercure constituent d'importantes aires d'alimentation pour les chauves-souris.

2002, Ya-Fu Lee, Gary F. McCracken, “Foraging activity and food resources use of Brazilian free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis (Molossidae)”, in Écoscience, page 306:

Food habits of the bats were determined from fecal samples, and the composition and relative abundance of various insect orders in the three habitats were assessed using light traps. Towns with mercury-vapor type street lamps appeared to be important feeding areas for the bats.


abajoue

(anatomy, zoology) a pouch in the cheek of some animals, usually used to carry food; a cheek pouch


adipeux

fr-adj

adipeux (feminine adipeuse, masculine plural adipeux, feminine plural adipeuses)

adipeuse (feminine)
adipeux (masculine plural)
adipeuses (feminine plural)

À dire vrai, que ce sédentaire adipeux ait survécu jusqu'à l'âge de quatre-vingt-trois ans rendait perplexe la médecine moderne.

1992, Amélie Nothomb, translated by Alison Anderson, Hygiène de l'assassin; republished as Hygiene and the Assassin, 2010:

Modern medicine was sincerely puzzled by the fact that this adipose, sedentary man had survived to the age of eighty-three.


plaquette

→ Catalan: plaqueta

→ English: plaquette

→ Italian: plaquette

→ Portuguese: plaqueta

→ Spanish: plaqueta

→ Turkish: plaket


prépuce

Inherited from Middle French prepuce, borrowed from Latin praeputium.

Holonym: pénis

Comeronyms: corps caverneux, corps spongieux, frein, gland

Au moment où il suçota son gland et titilla son prépuce sensible, un cri bouleversant sorti de la gorge de Damon.

2021, Camille Jedel, Les Deux Royaumes : 1 - Il était une fois, page 82:


paroi

Inherited from Old French paroi, parei, pareit, from Late Latin parētem, from Latin parietem m.


mollet

Les habits, qui pèsent sur mes mollets, sont plats, tièdes d’un côté seulement. Les lacets de mes souliers n’ont plus de ferrets.

1924, Emmanuel Bove, Mes Amis, archived from the original on 2019-05-27:


cloison

Inherited from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *clausiōnem, from Latin clausus.


opération

→ Romanian: operație

→ Turkish: operasyon

(medicine) operation (medical operation)


pernicieux

fr-adj

pernicieux (feminine pernicieuse, masculine plural pernicieux, feminine plural pernicieuses)

pernicieuse (feminine)
pernicieux (masculine plural)
pernicieuses (feminine plural)

anémie pernicieuse

pernicious anemia, or Biermer's anemia, a form of megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency

fièvre pernicieuse

pernicious fever (old term for neuro-malaria, the most serious form of malaria fever)

Elle est insuffisante, répondit le reporter, et un troisième accès de fièvre pernicieuse qu’on ne coupe pas au moyen de la quinine est toujours mortel!

[It] Is insufficient. And a third attack of pernicious fever, when one cannot break it by means of quinine, is always mortal!

(medicine, rare) insidious (having a slow and discreet, but dangerous evolution)


appendicite

fr-noun

appendicite f (usually uncountable, plural appendicites)

→ Persian: آپاندیسیت (âpândisit)

→ Romanian: apendicită

→ Turkish: apandisit

Borrowed from English appendicitis. Morphologically, from appendice + -ite.

vermiform appendix
vermiform appendix#English

(pathology) appendicitis (inflammation of the vermiform appendix)


marteau à réflexes

marteau à réflexes m (plural marteaux à réflexes)


organe

Borrowed from Latin organum, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “organ, instrument, tool”). Doublet of orgue, an older borrowing.


dural

fr-adj

dural (feminine durale, masculine plural duraux, feminine plural durales)

durale (feminine)
duraux (masculine plural)
durales (feminine plural)


accès

→ Romanian: acces

From Latin accessus (“approach”), from accēdō (“approach, accede”).

Le malade prétend avoir, étant jeune homme, souffert d'accès de vertige qui duraient plusieurs secondes et pendant lesquels il avait comme le sentiment que tout son être se désagrégeait.

1895, R. von Krafft-Ebing, Psychopathia Sexualis:

The patient claims to have, as a young man, suffered an attack of vertigo which lasted several seconds and during which he had the feeling that his entire being was coming apart.


autisme

→ Romanian: autism

→ Persian: اوتیسم (otism)

→ Turkish: otizm


amygdale

Borrowed from Latin amygdala (“almond”). Doublet of amande and mandorle.


périnée

périnées (plural)
perinæe (alternative obsolete)

→ Persian: پرینه (perine)

→ Spanish: periné

→ Turkish: perine

Borrowed from Late Latin perinaeum, from Ancient Greek περίναιον (perínaion).


rogne

Inherited from Old French roigne, from Latin arānea (“spider's web”), possibly through a Vulgar Latin root *ronea or *aronea, influenced by rodō (“gnaw”). Compare Italian rogna.

(dated, pathology) ringworm (skin condition)


antagoniste

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs).

lbor

ἀνταγωνιστής

(anatomy, physiology) antagonist (muscle that acts in opposition to another)


antagoniste

ἀνταγωνιστής


bassin

→ Czech: bazén

→ Danish: bassin

→ German: Bassin

→ Lithuanian: baseinas

→ Persian: باسن

→ Polish: basen

→ Romanian: bazin

→ Russian: бассейн (bassejn)

→ Swedish: bassäng

From Middle French bassin, from Old French bacin, from Vulgar Latin *baccinus, *baccinum, probably from Gaulish.


uvule

Borrowed from Late Latin ūvula (“small grape”), diminutive of Latin ūva. Doublet of uvula.


morphologique

(relational) morphology; morphological
(biology; anatomy and physiology)


gonade

→ Dutch: gonade


fente

From Vulgar Latin *findita, feminine of *finditus, as an alternate past participle of Latin findō (normally fissus).


embolie

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐμβολή (embolḗ).

lbor

(pathology) embolism (obstruction or occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus)


sectionner

sectionner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sectionnant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sectionné (participle past)
sectionne (first-person indicative present singular)
sectionnes (indicative present second-person singular)
sectionne (indicative present singular third-person)
sectionnons (first-person indicative plural present)
sectionnez (indicative plural present second-person)
sectionnent (indicative plural present third-person)
sectionnais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sectionnais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sectionnait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sectionnions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sectionniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sectionnaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sectionnai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sectionnas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sectionna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sectionnâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sectionnâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sectionnèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sectionnerai (first-person future indicative singular)
sectionneras (future indicative second-person singular)
sectionnera (future indicative singular third-person)
sectionnerons (first-person future indicative plural)
sectionnerez (future indicative plural second-person)
sectionneront (future indicative plural third-person)
sectionnerais (conditional first-person singular)
sectionnerais (conditional second-person singular)
sectionnerait (conditional singular third-person)
sectionnerions (conditional first-person plural)
sectionneriez (conditional plural second-person)
sectionneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
sectionne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sectionnes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sectionne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sectionnions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sectionniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sectionnent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sectionnasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sectionnasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sectionnât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sectionnassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sectionnassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sectionnassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sectionne (imperative second-person singular)
sectionnons (first-person imperative plural)
sectionnez (imperative plural second-person)


jointure

Inherited from Old French jointure, from Latin iūnctūra.


dyslexie

(pathology) dyslexia (a syndrome, inability of reading)


aigu

fr-adj

aigu (feminine aiguë or aigüe, masculine plural aigus, feminine plural aiguës or aigües)

aiguë (feminine)
aigüe (feminine)
aigus (masculine plural)
aiguës (feminine plural)
aigües (feminine plural)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: aigu

Inherited from Middle French aigu, agu, from Old French agu, from Latin acūtus (“sharp”); related to English acute. The original Old French result was eü (preserved in the toponym Montheu < Latin Mons acutus (“sharp mountain”)), which was likely modified into the form agu based on the Latin, and then influenced by words like aigre, or aiguiser, as with aiguille.
Doublet of acut.


bourgeonner

bourgeonner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
bourgeonnant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
bourgeonné (participle past)
bourgeonne (first-person indicative present singular)
bourgeonnes (indicative present second-person singular)
bourgeonne (indicative present singular third-person)
bourgeonnons (first-person indicative plural present)
bourgeonnez (indicative plural present second-person)
bourgeonnent (indicative plural present third-person)
bourgeonnais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
bourgeonnais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
bourgeonnait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
bourgeonnions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
bourgeonniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bourgeonnaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bourgeonnai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
bourgeonnas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
bourgeonna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
bourgeonnâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
bourgeonnâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
bourgeonnèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
bourgeonnerai (first-person future indicative singular)
bourgeonneras (future indicative second-person singular)
bourgeonnera (future indicative singular third-person)
bourgeonnerons (first-person future indicative plural)
bourgeonnerez (future indicative plural second-person)
bourgeonneront (future indicative plural third-person)
bourgeonnerais (conditional first-person singular)
bourgeonnerais (conditional second-person singular)
bourgeonnerait (conditional singular third-person)
bourgeonnerions (conditional first-person plural)
bourgeonneriez (conditional plural second-person)
bourgeonneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
bourgeonne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bourgeonnes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bourgeonne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bourgeonnions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bourgeonniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bourgeonnent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bourgeonnasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
bourgeonnasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bourgeonnât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bourgeonnassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bourgeonnassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bourgeonnassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bourgeonne (imperative second-person singular)
bourgeonnons (first-person imperative plural)
bourgeonnez (imperative plural second-person)

(medicine) to granulate; to have pimples, spots


radiologie

→ Persian: رادیولوژی (râdiyoloži)

→ Turkish: radyoloji

From radio- + -logie, compare English radiology.


méningite

→ Persian: مننژیت (menanžit)


anodin

anodin (feminine anodine, masculine plural anodins, feminine plural anodines)

anodine (feminine)
anodins (masculine plural)
anodines (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνώδυνος (anṓdunos, “free from pain”), from ἀν- (an-, “without”) + ὀδύνη (odúnē, “pain”).

lbor

Les préparations de ciguë, d'opium, etc., sont des remèdes anodins.

Preparations of hemlock, opium, and so forth, are known as anodynes.


onycho-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux).


perfusion

(medicine) perfusion, drip, intravenous injection


fistule

Borrowed from Latin fistula. Doublet of felle.


hypnotique

Borrowed from Late Latin hypnōticus, from Ancient Greek ὑπνωτικός (hupnōtikós).


mèche

→ Italian: mèche

→ Portuguese: mecha

→ Sicilian: mecciu

→ Turkish: meç

Inherited from Old French mesche, via Late Latin *micca or Vulgar Latin *mysca, alteration of Latin myxa (“sebesten tree”).


dépression

dépression nerveuse

(psychology, psychiatry) depression (state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or inability to visualize a happy future)


muguet

→ Catalan: muguet

→ Turkish: müge

From Old French muguete, muguede (as in nois muguete (“nutmeg”)), from Latin muscāta, feminine of muscātus (“musky”), from Ancient Greek μόσχος (móskhos), from Middle Persian mwšk' (/*mušk/, “musk”), ultimately from Sanskrit मुष्क (muṣka, “testicle”), the shape of the gland being similar.

(medicine) thrush (oral yeast infection, oral candidiasis)


enclume

Inherited from Old French anclume, from Latin incūs, incūdem, through a variant Vulgar Latin form *incūdō, incūdinem (compare Italian incudine). The intrusive -l- probably influenced by Latin inclūdō.


désarticuler

désarticuler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
désarticulant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
désarticulé (participle past)
désarticule (first-person indicative present singular)
désarticules (indicative present second-person singular)
désarticule (indicative present singular third-person)
désarticulons (first-person indicative plural present)
désarticulez (indicative plural present second-person)
désarticulent (indicative plural present third-person)
désarticulais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
désarticulais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
désarticulait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
désarticulions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
désarticuliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
désarticulaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
désarticulai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
désarticulas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
désarticula (historic indicative past singular third-person)
désarticulâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
désarticulâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
désarticulèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
désarticulerai (first-person future indicative singular)
désarticuleras (future indicative second-person singular)
désarticulera (future indicative singular third-person)
désarticulerons (first-person future indicative plural)
désarticulerez (future indicative plural second-person)
désarticuleront (future indicative plural third-person)
désarticulerais (conditional first-person singular)
désarticulerais (conditional second-person singular)
désarticulerait (conditional singular third-person)
désarticulerions (conditional first-person plural)
désarticuleriez (conditional plural second-person)
désarticuleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
désarticule (first-person present singular subjunctive)
désarticules (present second-person singular subjunctive)
désarticule (present singular subjunctive third-person)
désarticulions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
désarticuliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
désarticulent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
désarticulasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
désarticulasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
désarticulât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
désarticulassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
désarticulassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
désarticulassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
désarticule (imperative second-person singular)
désarticulons (first-person imperative plural)
désarticulez (imperative plural second-person)


unguis

Borrowed from Latin unguis (“nail, claw, hoof”), so-called because of its transparency and its shape, reminiscent of a fingernail.

bor+

(anatomy) The smallest of the facial bones, located at the inner wall of the orbit.


neurochirurgie

fr-noun

neurochirurgie f (plural neurochirurgies)


bistouri

→ Albanian: bisturi

→ Catalan: bisturí

→ Dutch: bistouri

→ Indonesian: bisturi

→ English: bistoury

→ Esperanto: bisturio

→ Italian: bisturi

→ Romanian: bisturiu

→ Spanish: bisturí

→ Turkish: bisturi

Borrowed from Italian pistorese or pistorino (“from Pistoia”, see Latin Pistōrium); the city of Pistoia was once famous for the manufacturing of blades. Doublet of pistoïen.

(surgery) bistoury, scalpel, surgical knife


tunique

→ Romanian: tunică

→ Turkish: tunik

Inherited from Middle French tunique, from Old French tunique, borrowed from Latin tunica.


recoudre

recoudre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
recousant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
recousu (participle past)
recouds (first-person indicative present singular)
recouds (indicative present second-person singular)
recoud (indicative present singular third-person)
recousons (first-person indicative plural present)
recousez (indicative plural present second-person)
recousent (indicative plural present third-person)
recousais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
recousais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
recousait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
recousions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
recousiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
recousaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
recousis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
recousis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
recousit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
recousîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
recousîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
recousirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
recoudrai (first-person future indicative singular)
recoudras (future indicative second-person singular)
recoudra (future indicative singular third-person)
recoudrons (first-person future indicative plural)
recoudrez (future indicative plural second-person)
recoudront (future indicative plural third-person)
recoudrais (conditional first-person singular)
recoudrais (conditional second-person singular)
recoudrait (conditional singular third-person)
recoudrions (conditional first-person plural)
recoudriez (conditional plural second-person)
recoudraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
recouse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
recouses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
recouse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
recousions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
recousiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
recousent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
recousisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
recousisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
recousît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
recousissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
recousissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
recousissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recouds (imperative second-person singular)
recousons (first-person imperative plural)
recousez (imperative plural second-person)

(surgery, transitive) to stitch together, to close (an incision or wound) with surgical stitches


trapèze

→ English: trapeze

→ Romanian: trapez

→ Turkish: trapez


hyoïde

→ English: hyoid

From modern Latin hyoides, from Ancient Greek ὑοειδής (huoeidḗs, “shaped like the letter υ (u)”).

uder

shaped like the letter <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">υ</i> (u)


pariétal

fr-adj

pariétal (feminine pariétale, masculine plural pariétaux, feminine plural pariétales)

pariétale (feminine)
pariétaux (masculine plural)
pariétales (feminine plural)

From Latin pariēs, parietis (“wall”) + -al.

lobe pariétal

os pariétal

(anatomy, relational) parietal (relating to the wall of a body part, organ or cavity)


vertèbre cervicale

fr-noun

vertèbre cervicale f (plural vertèbres cervicales)


claviculaire

(anatomy, relational) clavicle; clavicular

(anatomy, relational, less commonly) ankle


branchial

fr-adj

branchial (feminine branchiale, masculine plural branchiaux, feminine plural branchiales)

branchiale (feminine)
branchiaux (masculine plural)
branchiales (feminine plural)


omoplate

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὠμοπλάτη (ōmoplátē).

bor+

Et pendant ce temps-là, divine candeur, je sens le regard de mon saint Sébastien […] toujours dans mon dos. Ça me chauffe délicieusement les omoplates mais plutôt crever que de me retourner, ça gâcherait le poème.

1999, Anna Gavalda, “Petites pratiques germanopratines”, in Je voudrais que quelqu'un m'attende quelque part, →ISBN:


endocardite

→ Persian: آندوکاردیت (ândokârdit)

→ Turkish: endokardit

Coordinate term: péricardite


agoniste

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs).

lbor

(anatomy, physiology) agonist (muscle that contracts while the other relaxes)


agoniste

le muscle agoniste

(anatomy, physiology) agonistic, synergistic


appareil

From appareiller (in Old French apareil). Less likely from a Vulgar Latin *apparic(u)lum; cf. apparātus (whence apparat).

appareil vocal

appareil génital

appareil reproducteur

appareil urinaire

appareil respiratoire


sinciput

Borrowed from Latin sinciput (“half a head”; “smoked hog’s cheek or half-jowl”; (transferred senses): “brain”, “head”), whence English sinciput.


dialyse

→ Persian: دیالیز (diyâliz)

(chemistry, medicine) dialysis (chemical method)


pneumonie

→ Persian: پنومونی (penomoni)

→ Turkish: pnömoni


hypothermie

→ Dutch: hypothermie

→ Turkish: hipotermi

→ Romanian: hipotermie

Coordinate term: hyperthermie


traumatisme

Formed as: traumat(ique) + -isme, after the Ancient Greek τραυματισμός (traumatismós).

uder

τραυματισμός

Quand vous tombez malade et que vous faites face à la mort, vous subissez un traumatisme comme à la guerre.

When one falls sick and comes face to face with death, one experiences trauma like in a war.


hyperactif

fr-adj

hyperactif (feminine hyperactive, masculine plural hyperactifs, feminine plural hyperactives)

hyperactive (feminine)
hyperactifs (masculine plural)
hyperactives (feminine plural)


cristallin

Learned borrowing from Latin crystallinus.


eucaryote

Les protistologues s'accordent, aujourd'hui, à considérer les Flagellés autotrophes, comme les plus primitifs des Protozoaires à noyau vrai, des Eucaryotes (ensemble qui embrasse aussi les Végétaux et les Métazoaires), parce qu'ils sont les seuls à pouvoir faire la synthése totale de laur protoplasme à partir du milieu minéral.

1938, Édouard Chatton, Titres et Travaux Scientifiques, page 50:

Protistologists agree today to consider the autotrophic Flagellates, being the most primitive of the Protozoa with a true nucleus, Eukaryotes (a group which also comprises the Vegetables and Metazoans), because they are the only ones able to do a complete synthesis of their protoplasm from the mineral medium.


panser

panser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pansant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pansé (participle past)
panse (first-person indicative present singular)
panses (indicative present second-person singular)
panse (indicative present singular third-person)
pansons (first-person indicative plural present)
pansez (indicative plural present second-person)
pansent (indicative plural present third-person)
pansais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pansais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pansait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pansions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pansiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pansaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pansai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pansas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pansa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pansâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pansâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pansèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
panserai (first-person future indicative singular)
panseras (future indicative second-person singular)
pansera (future indicative singular third-person)
panserons (first-person future indicative plural)
panserez (future indicative plural second-person)
panseront (future indicative plural third-person)
panserais (conditional first-person singular)
panserais (conditional second-person singular)
panserait (conditional singular third-person)
panserions (conditional first-person plural)
panseriez (conditional plural second-person)
panseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
panse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
panses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
panse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pansions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pansiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pansent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pansasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pansasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pansât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pansassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pansassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pansassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
panse (imperative second-person singular)
pansons (first-person imperative plural)
pansez (imperative plural second-person)

(medicine) to dress (a wound etc.); to bandage


glotte

Back-formation from épiglotte (“epiglottis”).


métabolisme

→ Persian: متابولیسم (metâbolism)

From Ancient Greek μεταβολή (metabolḗ, “change”) + -isme, from μετά (metá, “meta-”) + βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).

af

(physiology) metabolism (complete set of chemical reactions that occur in living cells)


abaisseur

fr-adj

abaisseur (feminine abaisseuse, masculine plural abaisseurs, feminine plural abaisseuses)

abaisseuse (feminine)
abaisseurs (masculine plural)
abaisseuses (feminine plural)

(anatomy) Said of a muscle that lowers a body part


abaisseur

L'abaisseur des paupières est un petit faisceau charnu faisant partie du muscle orbiculaire.

The eyelid depressor is a small ligament part of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

(anatomy) a muscle or similar body part that moves something downward; a depressor


macrocéphalie

(pathology) macrocephaly (a condition in which the head is abnormally large)


paraplégie

(pathology) paraplegia (paralysed condition)


râle

→ Dutch: ral

→ English: rale


abortif

abortif (feminine abortive, masculine plural abortifs, feminine plural abortives)

abortive (feminine)
abortifs (masculine plural)
abortives (feminine plural)

From Old French, from Latin abortivus. Cognate with Italian abortivo.

(medicine) Capable of causing abortion when absorbed


réanimer

réanimer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
réanimant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
réanimé (participle past)
réanime (first-person indicative present singular)
réanimes (indicative present second-person singular)
réanime (indicative present singular third-person)
réanimons (first-person indicative plural present)
réanimez (indicative plural present second-person)
réaniment (indicative plural present third-person)
réanimais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
réanimais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
réanimait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
réanimions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
réanimiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
réanimaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
réanimai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
réanimas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
réanima (historic indicative past singular third-person)
réanimâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
réanimâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
réanimèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
réanimerai (first-person future indicative singular)
réanimeras (future indicative second-person singular)
réanimera (future indicative singular third-person)
réanimerons (first-person future indicative plural)
réanimerez (future indicative plural second-person)
réanimeront (future indicative plural third-person)
réanimerais (conditional first-person singular)
réanimerais (conditional second-person singular)
réanimerait (conditional singular third-person)
réanimerions (conditional first-person plural)
réanimeriez (conditional plural second-person)
réanimeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
réanime (first-person present singular subjunctive)
réanimes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
réanime (present singular subjunctive third-person)
réanimions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
réanimiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
réaniment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
réanimasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
réanimasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
réanimât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
réanimassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
réanimassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
réanimassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
réanime (imperative second-person singular)
réanimons (first-person imperative plural)
réanimez (imperative plural second-person)
ranimer (alternative)

→ Dutch: reanimeren


scarlatine

Borrowed from scientific Latin scarlatina (febris), as used by Thomas Sydenham in the first description of the disease.


cancéreux

cancéreux (feminine cancéreuse, masculine plural cancéreux, feminine plural cancéreuses)

cancéreuse (feminine)
cancéreux (masculine plural)
cancéreuses (feminine plural)


abcéder

abcéder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
abcédant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abcédé (participle past)
abcède (first-person indicative present singular)
abcèdes (indicative present second-person singular)
abcède (indicative present singular third-person)
abcédons (first-person indicative plural present)
abcédez (indicative plural present second-person)
abcèdent (indicative plural present third-person)
abcédais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abcédais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abcédait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abcédions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abcédiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abcédaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abcédai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abcédas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abcéda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abcédâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abcédâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abcédèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abcèderai (first-person future indicative singular)
abcéderai (first-person future indicative singular)
abcèderas (future indicative second-person singular)
abcéderas (future indicative second-person singular)
abcèdera (future indicative singular third-person)
abcédera (future indicative singular third-person)
abcèderons (first-person future indicative plural)
abcéderons (first-person future indicative plural)
abcèderez (future indicative plural second-person)
abcéderez (future indicative plural second-person)
abcèderont (future indicative plural third-person)
abcéderont (future indicative plural third-person)
abcèderais (conditional first-person singular)
abcéderais (conditional first-person singular)
abcèderais (conditional second-person singular)
abcéderais (conditional second-person singular)
abcèderait (conditional singular third-person)
abcéderait (conditional singular third-person)
abcèderions (conditional first-person plural)
abcéderions (conditional first-person plural)
abcèderiez (conditional plural second-person)
abcéderiez (conditional plural second-person)
abcèderaient (conditional plural third-person)
abcéderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
abcède (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abcèdes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abcède (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abcédions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abcédiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abcèdent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abcédasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abcédasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abcédât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abcédassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abcédassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abcédassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abcède (imperative second-person singular)
abcédons (first-person imperative plural)
abcédez (imperative plural second-person)

(intransitive or pronominal, medicine) to form into an abscess; to abscess


abducteur

Borrowed from New Latin abductor, from abdūcō + -tor.


abducteur

abducteur (feminine abductrice, masculine plural abducteurs, feminine plural abductrices)

abductrice (feminine)
abducteurs (masculine plural)
abductrices (feminine plural)

(anatomy, physiology, relational) of the abductor muscles and their movement; abductive


fluer

fluer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
fluant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
flué (participle past)
flue (first-person indicative present singular)
flues (indicative present second-person singular)
flue (indicative present singular third-person)
fluons (first-person indicative plural present)
fluez (indicative plural present second-person)
fluent (indicative plural present third-person)
fluais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fluais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fluait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fluions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fluiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fluaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fluai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
fluas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
flua (historic indicative past singular third-person)
fluâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
fluâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
fluèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
fluerai (first-person future indicative singular)
flueras (future indicative second-person singular)
fluera (future indicative singular third-person)
fluerons (first-person future indicative plural)
fluerez (future indicative plural second-person)
flueront (future indicative plural third-person)
fluerais (conditional first-person singular)
fluerais (conditional second-person singular)
fluerait (conditional singular third-person)
fluerions (conditional first-person plural)
flueriez (conditional plural second-person)
flueraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
flue (first-person present singular subjunctive)
flues (present second-person singular subjunctive)
flue (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fluions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fluiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fluent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fluasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fluasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fluât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fluassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fluassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fluassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
flue (imperative second-person singular)
fluons (first-person imperative plural)
fluez (imperative plural second-person)

From Latin fluere (“to flow”) (with change to first conjugation).


récessif

récessif (feminine récessive, masculine plural récessifs, feminine plural récessives)

récessive (feminine)
récessifs (masculine plural)
récessives (feminine plural)

Borrowed from German rezessiv, from New Latin recessīvus.


abarticulaire

(medicine) Having to do with the tissues near an articulation; juxta-articular


ischémie

Learned borrowing from New Latin ischaemia, itself derived from Ancient Greek ἴσχαιμος (ískhaimos, “stoppage of blood flow”).


protoplasme

From German Protoplasma, coined by Czech physiologist Johannes Evangelista Purkinje, from Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + πλάσμα (plásma, “something molded”). The word was in Late Latin, meaning "first created thing," and may have existed in Medieval Greek in a different sense.

Johannes Evangelista Purkinje
fr:protoplasme


prélever

prélever (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
prélevant (gerund participle present)
prélevant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
prélevé (participle past)
prélevé (participle past)
prélève (first-person indicative present singular)
prélèves (indicative present second-person singular)
prélève (indicative present singular third-person)
prélevons (first-person indicative plural present)
prélevons (first-person indicative plural present)
prélevez (indicative plural present second-person)
prélevez (indicative plural present second-person)
prélèvent (indicative plural present third-person)
prélevais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
prélevais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
prélevais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
prélevais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
prélevait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
prélevait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
prélevions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
préleviez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
prélevaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
prélevaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
prélevai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
prélevai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
prélevas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
prélevas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
préleva (historic indicative past singular third-person)
préleva (historic indicative past singular third-person)
prélevâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
prélevâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
prélevâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
prélevâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
prélevèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
prélevèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
prélèverai (first-person future indicative singular)
prélèverai (first-person future indicative singular)
prélèveras (future indicative second-person singular)
prélèveras (future indicative second-person singular)
prélèvera (future indicative singular third-person)
prélèvera (future indicative singular third-person)
prélèverons (first-person future indicative plural)
prélèverons (first-person future indicative plural)
prélèverez (future indicative plural second-person)
prélèverez (future indicative plural second-person)
prélèveront (future indicative plural third-person)
prélèveront (future indicative plural third-person)
prélèverais (conditional first-person singular)
prélèverais (conditional first-person singular)
prélèverais (conditional second-person singular)
prélèverais (conditional second-person singular)
prélèverait (conditional singular third-person)
prélèverait (conditional singular third-person)
prélèverions (conditional first-person plural)
prélèverions (conditional first-person plural)
prélèveriez (conditional plural second-person)
prélèveriez (conditional plural second-person)
prélèveraient (conditional plural third-person)
prélèveraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
prélève (first-person present singular subjunctive)
prélèves (present second-person singular subjunctive)
prélève (present singular subjunctive third-person)
prélevions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
préleviez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
prélèvent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
prélevasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
prélevasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
prélevasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prélevasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prélevât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prélevât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prélevassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
prélevassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
prélevassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prélevassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prélevassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prélevassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prélève (imperative second-person singular)
prélevons (first-person imperative plural)
prélevons (first-person imperative plural)
prélevez (imperative plural second-person)
prélevez (imperative plural second-person)

(transitive, medicine) to take (blood), remove (an organ), harvest (an organ)


vessie

Inherited from Middle French vessie, from Old French vessie, from Latin vessīca, variant of vēsīca.


veine

→ Vietnamese: ven

Inherited from Middle French vene, from Old French veine, from Latin vēna, of uncertain Proto-Indo-European origin.


comprimé

→ Turkish: komprime


dysfonction érectile

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction


cathartique

→ Romanian: cathartic

Learned borrowing from New Latin catharticus, from Ancient Greek καθαρτικός (kathartikós).


torve

(pathology) having a squint as exhibited by a sufferer of strabismus


artère

→ Turkish: arter

Inherited from Old French artere, artaire, borrowed from Latin artēria, from Ancient Greek ἀρτηρία (artēría).


col de l'utérus

fr-noun

col de l'utérus m (plural cols de l'utérus)

Coordinate term: col utérin


trumeau

→ English: trumeau

→ Italian: trumeau

Probably Old French *trum, from Frankish *thrum (“stump”) (Proto-Germanic *þrum-), suffixed with -eau.


épididyme

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐπιδιδυμίς (epididumís).


vaisseau sanguin

fr-noun

vaisseau sanguin m (plural vaisseaux sanguins)


BZD

(pharmacology) Abbreviation of benzodiazépine.


acide désoxyribonucléique

acide désoxyribonucléique m (plural acides désoxyribonucléiques)

deoxyribonucleic acid
deoxyribonucleic acid

(genetics, biochemistry) deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA


greffe

Metaphorical use of Old French grefe, grafe (“stylus, pencil”), from the root of above.


adénine

(biochemistry, genetics) adenine (a base, C₅H₅N₅, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA)


paludisme

→ English: paludism

From earlier impaludisme, from palud (“swamp”) + -isme. The disease was long believed to be caused by swamp gases (miasma).


balanite

→ Persian: بالانیت (bâlânit)

→ Romanian: balanită

→ Turkish: balanit


atrophie

→ English: atrophy

→ Persian: آتروفی (âtrofi)

→ Romanian: atrofie

→ Turkish: atrofi

Learned borrowing from Latin ātrophīa, from Ancient Greek ἀτροφία (atrophía, “a wasting away”).


grippe aviaire

fr-noun

grippe aviaire f (plural grippes aviaire)

(pathology) avian influenza (strain of influenza)


oncologue

(oncology) oncologist (one who specialises in oncology)


prostatite

→ Persian: پروستاتیت (porostâtit)

→ Romanian: prostatită

→ Turkish: prostatit


stomatite

→ Persian: استوماتیت (estomâtit)

→ Turkish: stomatit

From Ancient Greek στόμα, στόματος (stóma, stómatos) + -ite.

der

στόμα, στόματος


ablater

ablater (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ablatant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
ablaté (participle past)
ablate (first-person indicative present singular)
ablates (indicative present second-person singular)
ablate (indicative present singular third-person)
ablatons (first-person indicative plural present)
ablatez (indicative plural present second-person)
ablatent (indicative plural present third-person)
ablatais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ablatais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ablatait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ablations (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ablatiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ablataient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ablatai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ablatas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
ablata (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ablatâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ablatâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ablatèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
ablaterai (first-person future indicative singular)
ablateras (future indicative second-person singular)
ablatera (future indicative singular third-person)
ablaterons (first-person future indicative plural)
ablaterez (future indicative plural second-person)
ablateront (future indicative plural third-person)
ablaterais (conditional first-person singular)
ablaterais (conditional second-person singular)
ablaterait (conditional singular third-person)
ablaterions (conditional first-person plural)
ablateriez (conditional plural second-person)
ablateraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ablate (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ablates (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ablate (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ablations (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ablatiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ablatent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ablatasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ablatasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ablatât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ablatassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ablatassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ablatassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ablate (imperative second-person singular)
ablatons (first-person imperative plural)
ablatez (imperative plural second-person)

(medicine, rare, transitive) to perform ablation of; to ablate


bricole

Middle French [Term?], from Italian briccola.


anémie

anémies (plural)
anæmie (alternative obsolete)

→ Albanian: anemi

→ Asturian: anemia

→ Catalan: anèmia

→ Czech: anémie

→ Dutch: anemie
→ Indonesian: anemia

desctree

→ English: anemia, anaemia (UK), anæmia (UK, rare)
→ Swahili: anemia

→ Esperanto: anemio

→ Finnish: anemia

→ Hungarian: anémia

→ Interlingua: anemia

→ Italian: anemia

→ Norwegian Bokmål: anemi

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: anemi

→ Polish: anemia

→ Portuguese: anemia

→ Romanian: anemie

→ Slovak: anémia

→ Spanish: anemia

→ Swedish: anemi

→ Turkish: anemi

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía).

lbor

(pathology) anemia (medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue)


aboulique

(medicine) Related to or affected by aboulia; aboulic


aboulique

fr-noun

aboulique m or f by sense (plural abouliques)


abréactif

fr-adj

abréactif (feminine abréactive, masculine plural abréactifs, feminine plural abréactives)

abréactive (feminine)
abréactifs (masculine plural)
abréactives (feminine plural)

(psychoanalysis) Having to do with abreaction; abreactive