FAC

Forces armées canadiennes
w:fr:Forces armées canadiennes

(Canada, military) Abbreviation of Forces armées canadiennes: CAF (“Canadian Armed Forces”)

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Force aérienne du Canada: CAF (“Canadian Air Force”)


CIA

Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence Agency

(espionage) CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)


cadre

→ Bulgarian: ка́дър (kádǎr)

→ English: cadre

→ German: Kader

desctree

→ Russian: кадр (kadr)
→ Kazakh: кадр (kadr)

→ Turkish: kadro

Borrowed from Italian quadro (“framed painting, square”), from Latin quadrum, from quattuor (“four”). Cf. Old French querre, inherited from the same source; see also carre.


abattis

Inherited from Old French abatëiz. By surface analysis, abattre (“to cut down”) + -is.


rang

→ Catalan: rang

→ German: Rang

→ Romanian: rang

→ Italian: rango

→ Piedmontese: rangh

→ Haitian Creole: ran

→ Russian: ранг (rang)

→ Spanish: rango

Inherited from Middle French ranc, from Old French renc, reng, ranc, rang, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”). Cognate with Dutch ring, German Ring, English ring.

der

(military, uncountable) the non-officers of an army, taken as a group


round

Trop de parents qu’ont pas un rond

2015, “Bonjour”, performed by Emicida ft. Féfé

Too many parents who don't have a cent
Too many homebodies who won't last another round

Trop de casaniers qui tiendront pas un round de plus


dojo

From Japanese 道場 (dōjō, “place of the way”).


NBC

(weaponry) Initialism of nucléaire, bactériologique, chimique.: NBC (“nuclear, biological, chemical”)


division

→ English: division

→ German: Division

→ Russian: дивизион (divizion)

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin divisiōnem, noun of process form from perfect passive participle divisus (“divided”), from dīvidō (“divide”).


flèche

→ Dutch: flits

→ Middle Low German: flitse [16th c.]

→ German: Flitz

→ English: flèche

Inherited from Middle French fleche, from Old French fleche, from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, a borrowing from Frankish.

(archery, symbol) arrow (projectile or symbol)


front

→ Brazilian Portuguese: fronte

→ Bulgarian: фронт (front)

→ Czech: front, fronta

desctree

→ German: Front
→ Hungarian: front
→ Russian: фронт (front)
→ Bashkir: фронт (front)

→ Irish: fronta

→ Macedonian: фронт (front)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: front

→ Polish: front

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: frȍnt, frònta (Croatia)

Cyrillic script: фро̏нт

→ Swedish: front

Inherited from Old French front, from Latin frontem, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰron-t-, from *bʰren- (“project”).


corps

Karipúna Creole French: kó

→ Danish: korps

→ English: corps

→ Dutch: corps, korps

→ German: Korps

→ Norwegian Bokmål: korps

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: korps

→ Romanian: corp (in part)

→ Swedish: kår

Inherited from Middle French cors, from Old French cors, inherited from Latin corpus (“body”). The p was added back to reflect the Latin etymology. Doublet of corpus.


lice

→ Catalan: lliça

→ Italian: lizza

→ Portuguese: liça

→ Spanish: liza


commodore

fr-noun

commodore m or f by sense (plural commodores)

Borrowed from Dutch kommandeur, from Middle French commandeur; from Latin commendare, from com- + mandare, from mandō (“to order, command”).

capitaine de vaisseau
capitaine de vaisseau

capitaine de croiseur
capitaine de croiseur

(military, nautical) commodore, a naval military rank between captain (capitaine de vaisseau or capitaine de croiseur) and rear admiral (contre-amiral)


centurion

Borrowed from Latin centuriōnem. By surface analysis, centurie + -on.

(Ancient Rome, military) centurion (Roman officer)


lieutenant

lieutenant m (plural lieutenants, feminine lieutenante)

lieutenants (plural)
lieutenante (feminine)

desctree

→ Danish: løjtnant
→ Faroese: loytnantur

→ Romansch: litinent

Univerbation of lieu tenant, literally “placeholder”, from tenir lieu (“to hold the place of someone, to act as a substitute for someone”).


manœuvre

→ Albanian: manovër

→ Arabic: مُنَاوَرَة (munāwara)

→ Crimean Tatar: manövr

→ Dutch: manoeuvre

→ Italian: manovra

→ Romanian: manevră

→ Turkish: manevra

From Vulgar Latin manū opera, from ablative of Latin manus (“hand”) + opus (“work”).

plaine des manœuvres


coup

→ Danish: kup

→ Dutch: coup

→ English: coup

→ German: Coup

Mauritian Creole: kou

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kupp

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kupp

→ Swedish: kupp

Inherited from Old French colp, cop, from Late Latin colpus, syncopated form of Latin colaphus, from Ancient Greek κόλαφος (kólaphos).

pistolet à six coups


taxi

→ Polish: taxi


formation

→ Dutch: formatie

Inherited from Old French formacion, borrowed from Latin fōrmātiōnem. Cf. also the archaic formaison.


adjutant

fr-noun

adjutant m (plural adjutants, feminine adjutante)

warrant officer class 1
warrant officer class 1

(military) warrant officer class 1, warrant officer


charge

→ Brazilian Portuguese: charge

→ Romanian: șarjă

→ Turkish: şarj, şarz (misspelling)

Inherited from Middle French charge, from Old French charge, carge, equivalent to a deverbal from charger.

une charge massive contre les positions allemandes

a massive charge against the German positions


lance

Inherited from Old French lance, from Latin lancea.

(military) a lancer (a soldier armed with a lance)


rampant

fr-adj

rampant (feminine rampante, masculine plural rampants, feminine plural rampantes)

rampante (feminine)
rampants (masculine plural)
rampantes (feminine plural)

(military) stranded on the ground as opposed to flying staff


cam

From English cam, a shortening of camera.

(military, nautical) contre-amiral (rear admiral (RAdm))


incorporation

Inherited from Old French incorporacion, from Latin incorporātiōnem. By surface analysis, incorporer + -ation.

surface analysis

(military) entry into the military; entry into service


char

Inherited from Old French char, from Latin carrus, a loan from Transalpine Gaulish. Doublet of car (“coach”), a borrowing from English.


prise

→ Dutch: prise

→ Greek: πρίζα (príza)

→ Persian: پریز

→ Romanian: priză

→ Turkish: priz


raid

Borrowed from English raid, from Scots raid. Doublet of rade from Middle English.


vedette

→ Dutch: vedette

→ English: vedette

→ Italian: vedette

→ Polish: wedeta

→ Portuguese: vedeta

→ Romanian: vedetă

→ Spanish: vedete


caisson

→ English: caisson

→ Turkish: keson

From Old Occitan caisson, from caissa. By surface analysis, caisse + -on.


peloton

→ English: peloton

→ German: Peloton

→ Portuguese: pelotão

→ Spanish: pelotón


offensive

→ German: Offensive

First attested 1417; formed from offense, from Latin offēnsare (“to strike against”).


SN

(military, nautical) Initialism of sous-marin nucléaire (“nuclear-powered submarine; SSN”).


avant-garde

→ Danish: avantgarde

→ English: avant-garde

→ German: Avantgarde

→ Korean: 아방가르드 (abanggareudeu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: avantgarde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: avantgarde

→ Swedish: avantgarde

→ Turkish: avangart

Inherited from Old French avantgarde. By surface analysis, avant (“before, in front of”) + garde (“guard”).

surf

Le 11 décembre, les avant-gardes ennemies étaient signalées aux environs de Château-Thierry.

1879, Alfred Barbou, Les Trois Républiques françaises : Histoire populaire de la République en France [The Three French Republics: People's history of the Republic in France], A. Duquesne

On December 11, the enemy vanguard was reported in the vicinity of Château-Thierry.


nid

Inherited from Old French nid, from Latin nīdus, from Proto-Italic *nizdos (“nest”), from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”).

Nid de mitrailleuses

Nid d’espions

(military) Some people or dangerous things, hidden or not


barbette

→ Czech: barbeta

→ English: barbette
→ Irish: bairbéad

→ Portuguese: barbeta, barbete

→ Spanish: barbeta


arsenal

desctree

→ Russian: арсенал (arsenal)
→ Georgian: არსენალი (arsenali)


gauche

→ Franco-Provençal: gôcho

From gauchir (“warp, distort”), a conflation of Old French gauchier (“tread”) (from Frankish *walkijan, *walkan, cognate with English walk) + Old French guenchir (“deviate”) (from Frankish *wenkijan (“to sway, falter”)). Gauche replaced the original word for "left", senestre, in the sixteenth century. Compare Walloon gåtche.


conjugaison

From Middle French conjugaison, alteration of earlier conjugation, borrowed from Latin coniugātiōnem. Equivalent to conjuguer + -aison.


dragée

→ Bulgarian: драже (draže)

→ Danish: dragé

→ English: dragée

→ Portuguese: drágea

→ Romanian: drajeu

→ Russian: драже́ (dražé)
→ Armenian: դրաժե (draže)
→ Azerbaijani: draje
→ Georgian: დრაჟე (draže)

→ Spanish: gragea, dragea

→ Swedish: dragé

→ Turkish: draje

→ Ukrainian: драже́ (dražé)

Inherited from Old French dragee, dragie, via Latin tragēmata, from Ancient Greek τραγήματα (tragḗmata, “dried fruits, sweetmeats”), plural of τράγημα (trágēma).

der

Là-deſſus je le fis boire un coup de mon Rum, pour lui fortifier le cœur, je lui fis prendre mes deux fuſils de chaſſe, que je chargeai de la plus groſſe dragée : je pris encore quatre mouſquets, ſur chacun deſquels je mis deux clouds & cinq petites balles : je chargeai mes piſtolets tout auſſi-bien à proportion : je mis à mon côté mon grand ſabre tout nud, & j’ordonnai à Vendredi de prendre ſa hache.

1722, La vie et les avantures surprenantes de Robinson Crusoe, contenant entre autres évenemens le séjour qu'il a fait pandant vingt-huit ans dans une isle deserte, située sur la côte de l'Amerique, près l'embouchure de la gran riviere Oronooque; son retour dans son isle, & ses autres neveaux voyages. Le tout écrit par lui-même. Traduit de l'anglois., volume 2, Amsterdam: L’Honore et Chatelain, page 96

[original: […] ſo I went and fetch’d a good Dram of Rum, and gave him; for I had been ſo good a Husband of my Rum, that I had a great deal left: When he had drank it, I made him take the two Fowling-Pieces, which we always carry’d, and load them with large Swan-Shot, as big as ſmall Piſtol Bullets; then I took four Muſkets, and loaded them with two Slugs, and five ſmall Bullets each; and my two Piſtols I loaded with a Brace of Bullets each; I hung my great Sword as uſual, naked by my Side, and gave Friday his Hatchet.]

(historical, firearms, uncountable) swan-shot, small-shot, hail-shot


marmite

→ Catalan: marmita

→ English: marmite

→ Portuguese: marmita

→ Spanish: marmita

→ Greek: μαρμίτα (marmíta)

In Middle French (attested 1388) used in the sense of an earthen or metal cooking-pot; later (17th century) also of bombs or grenades from their resemblance to iron cooking-pots.
Earlier, the noun Old French marmite meant "hypocrite" (attested 1223); the semantic development is explained as the cooking-pot being covered and not revealing its interior (thus being "hypocritical", as compared to e.g. a cooking-pan or a plate).
The etymology of marmite "hypocrite" is explained as a compound of marmotter (“to mutter”) (from an onomatopoeic base mar- "murmur") and mite (“cat”) (an obsolete word for "cat", probably also onomatopoeic, i.e. imitative of meowing, extant only in the compound chattemite), and thus describing a person being evasive by "murmuring" or "meowing" instead of speaking plainly.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


brigade

→ Bulgarian: бригада (brigada)

→ Catalan: brigada

→ Czech: brigáda

→ Dutch: brigade
→ Indonesian: brigade

→ English: brigade

→ German: Brigade

→ Hungarian: brigád

→ Russian: бригада (brigada) (see there for further descendants)

→ Polish: brygada

desctree

→ Portuguese: brigada
→ Javanese: ꦧꦽꦒꦢ (bregada)
→ Indonesian: bregada

→ Romanian: brigadă

→ Serbo-Croatian: бригада, brigáda

→ Slovak: brigáda

→ Spanish: brigada

→ Swedish: brigad


FC

Forces canadiennes
w:fr:Forces canadiennes

(Canada, military) Initialism of Forces canadiennes.; CF (Canadian Forces)


AMC

auto-mitrailleuse de combat
auto-mitrailleuse de combat#French

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse de combat = combat machine-gun carrier or armored car


AMD

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse de découverte: reconnaissance machine-gun carrier or armored car


garde

Inherited from Old French guarde, from the verb guarder (or less likely directly from Frankish *warda), from Frankish *wardōn (“to protect”). Compare Italian guardia, Spanish guarda. Cognate with English ward.

(military) sentry service performed by soldiers.

(military) soldiers doing the sentry service


merlon

→ English: merlon

From Italian merlone (“merlon”), from merlo (“merlon”) + -one (suffix forming augmentatives). Merlo is derived from Late Latin merulus, merlus, possibly from Latin merula (“blackbird”) (as merlons resemble a row of birds perched on a wall), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ems- (“black; blackbird”).


maquis

→ English: maquis

→ Portuguese: maquis

→ Spanish: maquis

From Corsican machja or macchia, from Latin macula (“spot”), with addition of the suffix -is.

(figuratively, historical, military) resistance, underground (movement during World War II)


sortie

→ Ottoman Turkish: صورتی (sorti)

Turkish: sorti

Feminine past participle of sortir; from Latin sortīrī (“cast lots, divide, receive”), possibly influenced by a derivative of surgō (“get up, arise”). Compare Italian sortire (“produce”).


ARC

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Aviation royale canadienne; RCAF (“Royal Canadian Air Force”)


baguette

→ Czech: bageta

→ Danish: baguette

→ English: baguette

→ German: Baguette

→ Greek: μπαγκέτα (bagkéta)

→ Hebrew: בגט (bagét)

→ Korean: 바게트 (bageteu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bagett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bagett

→ Polish: bagietka

→ Portuguese: baguete

→ Romanian: baghetă

→ Russian: баге́т (bagét)

→ Spanish: baguette

→ Swedish: baguette

→ Turkish: baget

desc

→ Ukrainian: баге́т (bahét), баґе́та (bagéta)

(firearms) gun-stick, rod for stuffing the gun with ammunition


franc-tireur

fr-noun

franc-tireur m (plural francs-tireurs, feminine franche-tireuse or franc-tireuse)

francs-tireurs (plural)
franche-tireuse (feminine)
franc-tireuse (feminine)

Italian: franco tiratore

Spanish: francotirador

Catalan: franctirador

(military) a sniper, an irregular, an impromptu guerrilla


ogive

→ Spanish: ojiva

From Vulgar Latin augīvus, from Latin augēre, as the ogive goes on increasing, and the arch it forms increases the strength of the vault. In Old French we find the phrase arc ogif, itself from Latin arcus augivus. The word was also written as augive in the 17th century.

ogives nucléaires

Dans la journée, l’armée russe a procédé à un exercice annuel de dissuasion nucléaire avec des tests de missiles capables de transporter des ogives nucléaires.

2022 October 27, Thomas d’Istria, “Oleksii Reznikov, le ministre de la défense ukrainien, ne croit pas que Poutine utilisera l’arme nucléaire”, in Le Monde.fr

During the day, the Russian army carried out an annual nuclear deterrence exercise with tests of missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads.

(military) nose cone, warhead (of missile)


aspirant

aspirant m (plural aspirants, feminine aspirante)

→ German: Aspirant

(military) officer candidate, officer designate, midshipman


crochet

→ English: crochet

desc

→ Portuguese: colchete (“hook, bracket”)

→ Portuguese: crochê (“crochet”), croché, crochet (unadapted form)

→ Spanish: corchete

→ Turkish: kroşe


lourd

fr-adj

lourd (feminine lourde, masculine plural lourds, feminine plural lourdes)

lourde (feminine)
lourds (masculine plural)
lourdes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French lourd, from Old French lorz, lourt, from Late Latin lurdus, lordus, probably from Latin lūridus (“sallow”), possibly influenced by Frankish *lort (“crooked, clumsy”); related to Old English lort (“crooked”).


blocus

Inherited from Middle French blocus, bloccus, from Middle Dutch blochuus.

Le blocus de Latchine a pour toile de fond la négociation d’un accord de paix global.

2023 May, Constant Léon, “L'Arménie en quête de soutien”, in Le Monde diplomatique, page 12

The blockade of Lachin is taking place against the backdrop of the negotiation of a comprehensive peace agreement.


butte

→ English: butte

(archery) a mound of dirt upon which targets were placed to practice shooting


bourrelet

From bourre + -et (influenced by Old French bourrel).


charger

charger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
chargeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
chargé (participle past)
charge (first-person indicative present singular)
charges (indicative present second-person singular)
charge (indicative present singular third-person)
chargeons (first-person indicative plural present)
chargez (indicative plural present second-person)
chargent (indicative plural present third-person)
chargeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chargeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chargeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chargions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chargiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chargeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chargeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
chargeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
chargea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
chargeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
chargeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
chargèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
chargerai (first-person future indicative singular)
chargeras (future indicative second-person singular)
chargera (future indicative singular third-person)
chargerons (first-person future indicative plural)
chargerez (future indicative plural second-person)
chargeront (future indicative plural third-person)
chargerais (conditional first-person singular)
chargerais (conditional second-person singular)
chargerait (conditional singular third-person)
chargerions (conditional first-person plural)
chargeriez (conditional plural second-person)
chargeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
charge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
charges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
charge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chargions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chargiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chargent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chargeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
chargeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
chargeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
chargeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chargeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chargeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
charge (imperative second-person singular)
chargeons (first-person imperative plural)
chargez (imperative plural second-person)

Esperanto: ŝarĝi

Persian: شارژ کردن (šârž kardan)

Inherited from Old French chargier, from Late Latin carricāre, from Latin carrus (“four-wheeled baggage wagon”). Compare Spanish cargar.


plastron

→ Dutch: plastron

→ English: plastron

→ Polish: plastron

→ Romanian: plastron


rafale

Trésor de la langue française informatisé

Origin uncertain. Possibly related to Italian raffica influenced by affaler.

(by extension, military) burst (series of shots fired from an automatic firearm)


pucelle

fr-noun

pucelle f (plural pucelles, masculine puceau)

Inherited from Middle French pucelle < Old French pucele, first attested in the 10th century as pulcella, from Vulgar Latin *pūllicella, of disputed origin. Possibly a diminutive of Latin pullus (“young of animals, chick”), or pullus as a contraction of *purulus, from purus (“pure”). Alternatively from Latin puella (“girl”) through a Vulgar Latin root *puellicella.

uder

(military) metal regulation badge worn on the chest with insignia indicating the formation to which it belongs


coucher

coucher (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
couchant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
couché (participle past)
couche (first-person indicative present singular)
couches (indicative present second-person singular)
couche (indicative present singular third-person)
couchons (first-person indicative plural present)
couchez (indicative plural present second-person)
couchent (indicative plural present third-person)
couchais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
couchais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
couchait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
couchions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
couchiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
couchaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
couchai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
couchas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
coucha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
couchâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
couchâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
couchèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
coucherai (first-person future indicative singular)
coucheras (future indicative second-person singular)
couchera (future indicative singular third-person)
coucherons (first-person future indicative plural)
coucherez (future indicative plural second-person)
coucheront (future indicative plural third-person)
coucherais (conditional first-person singular)
coucherais (conditional second-person singular)
coucherait (conditional singular third-person)
coucherions (conditional first-person plural)
coucheriez (conditional plural second-person)
coucheraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
couche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
couches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
couche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
couchions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
couchiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
couchent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
couchasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
couchasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
couchât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
couchassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
couchassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
couchassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
couche (imperative second-person singular)
couchons (first-person imperative plural)
couchez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: kouche

→ Esperanto: kuŝi

→ German: kusch

→ Italian: cucciare

Inherited from Middle French coucher, from Old French couchier, from Latin collocāre (“set in place”). Doublet of colloquer.


classe

→ Bavarian: Klass

q

or from Russian <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">класс</i> (klass)

→ Bulgarian: клас (klas) (or from Russian класс (klass))

→ Dutch: klasse, klas (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ English: class
→ Assamese: ক্লাছ (klas)
→ Bengali: ক্লাস (klaś), কেলাস (kelaś) — nonstandard
→ Gulf Arabic: كلاس (klās) (or from French classe)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: क्लास (klās)
Urdu: کلاس
→ Japanese: クラス (kurasu)
→ Korean: 클래스 (keullaeseu)
→ Nepali: क्लास (klās)
→ Scottish Gaelic: clas
→ Thai: คลาส (kláas)
→ Yoruba: kíláàsì

→ Franco-Provençal: cllâsse

→ German: Klasse (see there for further descendants)

q

or from English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">class</i>

→ Gulf Arabic: كلاس (klās) (or from English class)

→ Hunsrik: Klass

→ Latvian: klase

→ Luxembourgish: Klass

→ Persian: کلاس (kelâs)

→ Romanian: clasă

→ Swedish: klass

→ Turkish: klas

→ Vilamovian: klass

(military) class, cohort (all the recruits conscripted in a particular year)

(military, in the plural) a period of military training


engager

engager (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
engageant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
engagé (participle past)
engage (first-person indicative present singular)
engages (indicative present second-person singular)
engage (indicative present singular third-person)
engageons (first-person indicative plural present)
engagez (indicative plural present second-person)
engagent (indicative plural present third-person)
engageais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
engageais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
engageait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
engagions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
engagiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
engageaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
engageai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
engageas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
engagea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
engageâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
engageâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
engagèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
engagerai (first-person future indicative singular)
engageras (future indicative second-person singular)
engagera (future indicative singular third-person)
engagerons (first-person future indicative plural)
engagerez (future indicative plural second-person)
engageront (future indicative plural third-person)
engagerais (conditional first-person singular)
engagerais (conditional second-person singular)
engagerait (conditional singular third-person)
engagerions (conditional first-person plural)
engageriez (conditional plural second-person)
engageraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
engage (first-person present singular subjunctive)
engages (present second-person singular subjunctive)
engage (present singular subjunctive third-person)
engagions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
engagiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
engagent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
engageasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
engageasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
engageât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
engageassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
engageassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
engageassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
engage (imperative second-person singular)
engageons (first-person imperative plural)
engagez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Italian: ingaggiare

→ Ladino: engajar

→ Polish: angażować

→ Portuguese: engajar

→ Romanian: angaja

→ Turkish: angaje

From Middle French, from Old French engagier (“to pawn, make a pledge, plight”), from en- + gage (“pledge”), from Late Latin vadium (“pledge”), from Frankish *wadja (“pledge”), from Proto-Germanic *wadjō, *wadją (“pledge, guarantee”), from Proto-Indo-European *wadʰ- (“guarantee, bail”). Cognate with Middle Dutch wedde (“property, pay”), Old High German wetti (“collateral, security agreement”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌹 (wadi), 𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌾𐌰 (wadja, “guarantee”), Old English wedd (“pledge, vow”). More at wed.


armada

→ Romanian: armadă

Borrowed from Spanish armada. Doublet of armée.


riposter

riposter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ripostant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
riposté (participle past)
riposte (first-person indicative present singular)
ripostes (indicative present second-person singular)
riposte (indicative present singular third-person)
ripostons (first-person indicative plural present)
ripostez (indicative plural present second-person)
ripostent (indicative plural present third-person)
ripostais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ripostais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ripostait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ripostions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ripostiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ripostaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ripostai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ripostas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
riposta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ripostâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ripostâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ripostèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
riposterai (first-person future indicative singular)
riposteras (future indicative second-person singular)
ripostera (future indicative singular third-person)
riposterons (first-person future indicative plural)
riposterez (future indicative plural second-person)
riposteront (future indicative plural third-person)
riposterais (conditional first-person singular)
riposterais (conditional second-person singular)
riposterait (conditional singular third-person)
riposterions (conditional first-person plural)
riposteriez (conditional plural second-person)
riposteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
riposte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ripostes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
riposte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ripostions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ripostiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ripostent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ripostasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ripostasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ripostât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ripostassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ripostassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ripostassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
riposte (imperative second-person singular)
ripostons (first-person imperative plural)
ripostez (imperative plural second-person)


droite

Feminine form of droit. Compare Catalan dreta, Italian dritta, Portuguese direita, Spanish derecha, Romanian dreapta.


balayer

balayer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
balayant (gerund participle present)
balayant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
balayé (participle past)
balayé (participle past)
balaye (first-person indicative present singular)
balaie (first-person indicative present singular)
balayes (indicative present second-person singular)
balaies (indicative present second-person singular)
balaye (indicative present singular third-person)
balaie (indicative present singular third-person)
balayons (first-person indicative plural present)
balayons (first-person indicative plural present)
balayez (indicative plural present second-person)
balayez (indicative plural present second-person)
balayent (indicative plural present third-person)
balaient (indicative plural present third-person)
balayais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
balayais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
balayais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
balayais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
balayait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
balayait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
balayions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
balayiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
balayaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
balayaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
balayai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
balayai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
balayas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
balayas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
balaya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
balaya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
balayâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
balayâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
balayâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
balayâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
balayèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
balayèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
balayerai (first-person future indicative singular)
balaierai (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.le.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
balayeras (future indicative second-person singular)
balaieras (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
balayera (future indicative singular third-person)
balaiera (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.le.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
balayerons (first-person future indicative plural)
balaierons (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.le.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
balayerez (future indicative plural second-person)
balaierez (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.le.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
balayeront (future indicative plural third-person)
balaieront (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
balayerais (conditional first-person singular)
balaierais (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
balayerais (conditional second-person singular)
balaierais (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
balayerait (conditional singular third-person)
balaierait (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
balayerions (conditional first-person plural)
balaierions (conditional first-person plural)
/ba.lɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ (conditional first-person plural)
balayeriez (conditional plural second-person)
balaieriez (conditional plural second-person)
/ba.lɛ.jə.ʁje/ (conditional plural second-person)
balayeraient (conditional plural third-person)
balaieraient (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
balaye (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balaie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balayes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
balaies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
balaye (present singular subjunctive third-person)
balaie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
balayions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
balayiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
balayent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
balaient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
balayasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balayasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balayasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balayasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balayât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
balayât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
balayassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
balayassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
balayassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
balayassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
balayassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balayassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balaye (imperative second-person singular)
balaie (imperative second-person singular)
balayons (first-person imperative plural)
balayons (first-person imperative plural)
balayez (imperative plural second-person)
balayez (imperative plural second-person)


cran

Deverbal of créner (“to kern”), from crenedes (“notched”), from Vulgar Latin *crinare, probably of Celtic/Gaulish origin, from Proto-Celtic *krini-, from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate”). Or, less likely, from Latin cernō (“to separate”), itself from the same root.


cayenne

Dictionnaire de la langue française
Émile Littré


botte

Borrowed from Italian botta from the verb bottare, itself a borrowing from French bouter.


force de frappe

fr-noun

force de frappe f (countable and uncountable, plural forces de frappe)


camouflet

→ English: camouflet


bâtiment

Inherited from Middle French bastiment, from Old French bastiment (“act of building, fortification”), from bastir (“to build, make; to sew”), from Vulgar Latin *bastīre, borrowed from Frankish *bastijan (“to sew, weave”).


armée

→ Norwegian Bokmål: armé

Inherited from Middle French armee, from the feminine past participle of the verb armer; first attested in French circa 1370 (except in Anglo-Norman), borrowed through Anglo-Norman from Medieval Latin armāta (“armed force”), the neuter plural form of the past participle of Latin armō (“to arm”), from arma (“arms, weapons”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). Doublet of armada, a borrowing from Spanish. Displaced Latin exercitus (“army”).

Une doctrine militaire est constituée des principes fondamentaux selon lesquels l’armée ou certaines de ses parties accomplissent leurs tâches pour atteindre les objectifs nationaux.

Military doctrine is made up of fundamental principles according to which the armed forces, or certain parts of them, perform their duties in order to achieve national objectives.


batterie

→ Catalan: bateria

desctree

→ Danish: batteri
→ Greenlandic: batteri

→ Dutch: batterij (see there for further descendants)

→ English: batterie

→ Galician: batería

→ German: Batterie

→ Polish: bateria

→ Portuguese: bateria

→ Romanian: baterie

→ Spanish: batería

→ Swedish: batteri

→ Turkish: bateri

From Old French baterie, from batre (“to hit”).


parachutiste

fr-noun

parachutiste m or f by sense (plural parachutistes)


gradé

fr-adj

gradé (feminine gradée, masculine plural gradés, feminine plural gradées)

gradée (feminine)
gradés (masculine plural)
gradées (feminine plural)


gradé

fr-noun

gradé m (plural gradés, feminine gradée)


manipule

(Ancient Rome, military, Christianity) a maniple


général

général m (plural généraux, feminine générale)

→ Romanian: general

→ Serbo-Croatian: đeneral

Inherited from Old French general, borrowed from Latin generālis.


parer

parer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
parant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
paré (participle past)
pare (first-person indicative present singular)
pares (indicative present second-person singular)
pare (indicative present singular third-person)
parons (first-person indicative plural present)
parez (indicative plural present second-person)
parent (indicative plural present third-person)
parais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
parais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
parait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
parions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pariez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
paraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
parai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
paras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
para (historic indicative past singular third-person)
parâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
parâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
parèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
parerai (first-person future indicative singular)
pareras (future indicative second-person singular)
parera (future indicative singular third-person)
parerons (first-person future indicative plural)
parerez (future indicative plural second-person)
pareront (future indicative plural third-person)
parerais (conditional first-person singular)
parerais (conditional second-person singular)
parerait (conditional singular third-person)
parerions (conditional first-person plural)
pareriez (conditional plural second-person)
pareraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pare (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pares (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pare (present singular subjunctive third-person)
parions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pariez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
parent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
parasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
parasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
parât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
parassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
parassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
parassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pare (imperative second-person singular)
parons (first-person imperative plural)
parez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin parāre, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“produce, procure, bring forward, bring forth”).


réduire

réduire (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
réduisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
réduit (participle past)
réduis (first-person indicative present singular)
réduis (indicative present second-person singular)
réduit (indicative present singular third-person)
réduisons (first-person indicative plural present)
réduisez (indicative plural present second-person)
réduisent (indicative plural present third-person)
réduisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
réduisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
réduisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
réduisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
réduisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
réduisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
réduisis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
réduisis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
réduisit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
réduisîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
réduisîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
réduisirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
réduirai (first-person future indicative singular)
réduiras (future indicative second-person singular)
réduira (future indicative singular third-person)
réduirons (first-person future indicative plural)
réduirez (future indicative plural second-person)
réduiront (future indicative plural third-person)
réduirais (conditional first-person singular)
réduirais (conditional second-person singular)
réduirait (conditional singular third-person)
réduirions (conditional first-person plural)
réduiriez (conditional plural second-person)
réduiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
réduise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
réduises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
réduise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
réduisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
réduisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
réduisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
réduisisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
réduisisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
réduisît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
réduisissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
réduisissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
réduisissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
réduis (imperative second-person singular)
réduisons (first-person imperative plural)
réduisez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French reduire, from Old French reduire, an alteration or Gallicization of Latin redūcere (“reduce”), after conduire.

(transitive, military) to capture (a place), to quell (opposition etc.)


corvée

→ Dutch: corvee

→ English: corvee

→ Italian: corvè

Inherited from Late Latin conrogāta [opera], from the feminine past participle of Latin conrogō.

(military) fatigue; menial task [from 1835]


en garde

(fencing) Ellipsis of position en garde.; the ready position, ready to attack or defend, in a face-off


en garde

En garde! Prêts? Allez!
En garde! Prêts? Allez!

(fencing) Part of the sequence En garde! Prêts? Allez!


chargeur

fr-noun

chargeur m (plural chargeurs, feminine chargeuse)

Turkish: şarjör


doublé

→ Turkish: duble


sixte

→ English: sixte

Inherited from Middle French sixte, from Old French siste, sixte, modification of sexte (“sixth”) (a borrowing from Latin sextus) after sis (“six”).


jupon

→ Japanese: ズボン (zubon)

→ Polish: żupan

→ Romanian: jupon

Inherited from Middle French jupon. By surface analysis, jupe + -on.

(military) a sleeveless jacket worn over armor (medieval)


brèche

→ Catalan: bretxa

→ Danish: breche

→ Galician: brecha

→ Italian: breccia (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: brecha

→ Romanian: breșă

→ Russian: брешь (brešʹ)

→ Spanish: brecha

Inherited from Middle French breche, bresche, from Old French breche, bresche (“a breach, an opening, crack”), from Frankish *breka (“a breach, break”), from Proto-Germanic *brekō (“a breaking, breach, fallow ground”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break, crack”).
Cognate with Old High German brecha (“a break”). More at break.


dégager

dégager (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
dégageant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
dégagé (participle past)
dégage (first-person indicative present singular)
dégages (indicative present second-person singular)
dégage (indicative present singular third-person)
dégageons (first-person indicative plural present)
dégagez (indicative plural present second-person)
dégagent (indicative plural present third-person)
dégageais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dégageais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dégageait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dégagions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
dégagiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
dégageaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dégageai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
dégageas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
dégagea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
dégageâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
dégageâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
dégagèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
dégagerai (first-person future indicative singular)
dégageras (future indicative second-person singular)
dégagera (future indicative singular third-person)
dégagerons (first-person future indicative plural)
dégagerez (future indicative plural second-person)
dégageront (future indicative plural third-person)
dégagerais (conditional first-person singular)
dégagerais (conditional second-person singular)
dégagerait (conditional singular third-person)
dégagerions (conditional first-person plural)
dégageriez (conditional plural second-person)
dégageraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
dégage (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dégages (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dégage (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dégagions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
dégagiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dégagent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dégageasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
dégageasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dégageât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dégageassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
dégageassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dégageassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dégage (imperative second-person singular)
dégageons (first-person imperative plural)
dégagez (imperative plural second-person)

(military) to relieve (a town, army, etc.)


goujat

fr-noun

goujat m (plural goujats, feminine goujate)

Probably dialectal: Lorrain goujart, or Occitan gojat, both two at sense of “young man” (f. gouge), but the first meaning could still be “young female”; possibly from Latin gaudium.

Aux chevaliers copiés sur les nôtres, toujours nobles et généreux, voués à un idéal inaccessible, aux forêts fraîches et profondes, à ce monde imaginaire et fantastique succèdent et s’associent […] le goujat d’armée, […]

1853, “Préface”, in Alfred Morel-Fatio, transl., Vie de Lazarille de Tormès

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


centurie

(historical, Ancient Rome, military) century (Roman army type unit)


boyau

→ English: boyau

Inherited from Old French boïel, bouel, from Latin botellus.


fendre

fendre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
fendant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
fendu (participle past)
fends (first-person indicative present singular)
fends (indicative present second-person singular)
fend (indicative present singular third-person)
fendons (first-person indicative plural present)
fendez (indicative plural present second-person)
fendent (indicative plural present third-person)
fendais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fendais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fendait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fendions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fendiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fendaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fendis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
fendis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
fendit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
fendîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
fendîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
fendirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
fendrai (first-person future indicative singular)
fendras (future indicative second-person singular)
fendra (future indicative singular third-person)
fendrons (first-person future indicative plural)
fendrez (future indicative plural second-person)
fendront (future indicative plural third-person)
fendrais (conditional first-person singular)
fendrais (conditional second-person singular)
fendrait (conditional singular third-person)
fendrions (conditional first-person plural)
fendriez (conditional plural second-person)
fendraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
fende (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fendes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
fende (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fendions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fendiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fendent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fendisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fendisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fendît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fendissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fendissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fendissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fends (imperative second-person singular)
fendons (first-person imperative plural)
fendez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French fendre, from Latin findere, from Proto-Italic *findō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”).

der

(reflexive, se fendre, fencing) to lunge


caporal

fr-noun

caporal m (plural caporaux, feminine caporale)


guérite

Inherited from Old French garite, guarite, probably ultimately from guarir (“protect”). Compare Spanish garita.

Le gardien ferma soigneusement la porte de sa guérite – je n’en vis guère l’utilité – et, avant de partir, se mettant dans la peau d’un étranger, il essaya de l’ouvrir

The guard carefully closed the door to his sentry-box - I failed to see the point of it - and, before leaving, pretending to be a stranger, he tried to open it.


mouchard

mouchard m (plural mouchards, feminine moucharde)

From mouche (“fly”) + -ard (pejorative suffix).

af

(espionage) mouchard (undercover investigator)

(espionage) (computing) spyware (piece of spyware)


surveiller

surveiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
surveillant (gerund participle present)
surveillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
surveillé (participle past)
surveillé (participle past)
surveille (first-person indicative present singular)
surveilles (indicative present second-person singular)
surveille (indicative present singular third-person)
surveillons (first-person indicative plural present)
surveillons (first-person indicative plural present)
surveillez (indicative plural present second-person)
surveillez (indicative plural present second-person)
surveillent (indicative plural present third-person)
surveillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
surveillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
surveillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
surveillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
surveillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
surveillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
surveillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
surveilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
surveillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
surveillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
surveillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
surveillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
surveillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
surveillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
surveilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
surveilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
surveillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
surveillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
surveillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
surveillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
surveillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
surveillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
surveillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
surveilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
surveillera (future indicative singular third-person)
surveillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
surveillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
surveilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
surveillerais (conditional first-person singular)
surveillerais (conditional second-person singular)
surveillerait (conditional singular third-person)
surveillerions (conditional first-person plural)
surveillerions (conditional first-person plural)
surveilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
surveilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
surveilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
surveille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
surveilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
surveille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
surveillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
surveilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
surveillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
surveillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
surveillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
surveillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
surveillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
surveillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
surveillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
surveillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
surveillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
surveillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
surveillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
surveillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
surveillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
surveille (imperative second-person singular)
surveillons (first-person imperative plural)
surveillons (first-person imperative plural)
surveillez (imperative plural second-person)
surveillez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French surveillier. By surface analysis, sur- + veiller, corresponding to Latin super (“on top of”) + vigilō (“to watch”). Cognate with English surveil.

(espionage) to monitor, to survey, to watch


déserter

déserter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
désertant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
déserté (participle past)
déserte (first-person indicative present singular)
désertes (indicative present second-person singular)
déserte (indicative present singular third-person)
désertons (first-person indicative plural present)
désertez (indicative plural present second-person)
désertent (indicative plural present third-person)
désertais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
désertais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
désertait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
désertions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
désertiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
désertaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
désertai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
désertas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
déserta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
désertâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
désertâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
désertèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
déserterai (first-person future indicative singular)
déserteras (future indicative second-person singular)
désertera (future indicative singular third-person)
déserterons (first-person future indicative plural)
déserterez (future indicative plural second-person)
déserteront (future indicative plural third-person)
déserterais (conditional first-person singular)
déserterais (conditional second-person singular)
déserterait (conditional singular third-person)
déserterions (conditional first-person plural)
déserteriez (conditional plural second-person)
déserteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
déserte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
désertes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
déserte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
désertions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
désertiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
désertent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
désertasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
désertasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
désertât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
désertassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
désertassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
désertassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
déserte (imperative second-person singular)
désertons (first-person imperative plural)
désertez (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Late Latin dēsertāre, from Latin dēsertus.


plaquer

plaquer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
plaquant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
plaqué (participle past)
plaque (first-person indicative present singular)
plaques (indicative present second-person singular)
plaque (indicative present singular third-person)
plaquons (first-person indicative plural present)
plaquez (indicative plural present second-person)
plaquent (indicative plural present third-person)
plaquais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
plaquais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
plaquait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
plaquions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
plaquiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
plaquaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
plaquai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
plaquas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
plaqua (historic indicative past singular third-person)
plaquâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
plaquâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
plaquèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
plaquerai (first-person future indicative singular)
plaqueras (future indicative second-person singular)
plaquera (future indicative singular third-person)
plaquerons (first-person future indicative plural)
plaquerez (future indicative plural second-person)
plaqueront (future indicative plural third-person)
plaquerais (conditional first-person singular)
plaquerais (conditional second-person singular)
plaquerait (conditional singular third-person)
plaquerions (conditional first-person plural)
plaqueriez (conditional plural second-person)
plaqueraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
plaque (first-person present singular subjunctive)
plaques (present second-person singular subjunctive)
plaque (present singular subjunctive third-person)
plaquions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
plaquiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
plaquent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
plaquasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
plaquasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
plaquât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
plaquassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
plaquassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
plaquassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
plaque (imperative second-person singular)
plaquons (first-person imperative plural)
plaquez (imperative plural second-person)


furtif

fr-adj

furtif (feminine furtive, masculine plural furtifs, feminine plural furtives)

furtive (feminine)
furtifs (masculine plural)
furtives (feminine plural)

→ Dutch: furtief

→ Romanian: furtiv

avion furtif

(military) stealth; with stealth capabilities


sergent

fr-noun

sergent m (plural sergents, feminine sergente)

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French sergeant, sergent, serjant, sergient, sergant (“sergeant, servant”), from Medieval Latin or Late Latin servientem (“a servant, vassal, soldier, apparitor”), from Classical Latin servientem (“serving”), present participle of serviō, servīre (“serve, be a slave to”). See also servant.


décoration

→ Romanian: decorație

→ Turkish: dekorasyon


flanc

→ Catalan: flanc

→ Dutch: flank

→ German: Flanke

→ Portuguese: flanco

→ Romanian: flanc

→ Spanish: flanco

Inherited from Middle French and Old French flanc, from Frankish *hlanka, from Proto-Germanic *hlankō. Cognate with Italian fianco.


état-major

From état (“group, college”) + major (“main, principal”).

af

(military) general staff, high command, headquarters (group of officers in charge of an army under the control of the commander-in-chief)

(military) headquarters (military installation from which troops are commanded and orders are issued)


NCSM

Navire Canadien de Sa Majesté
Navire Canadien de Sa Majesté#French

(Canada, military, nautical) HMCS; Initialism of Navire Canadien de Sa Majesté; (His/Her Majesty's Canadian Ship). A designation for ships of the Canadian Forces Maritime Command


fente

From Vulgar Latin *findita, feminine of *finditus, as an alternate past participle of Latin findō (normally fissus).


redoute

(military) An outwork of a fortification (cognate with redoubt).


investissement

fr-noun

investissement m (plural investissements)

(military) investment, siege [from 1704]


blinde

From German Blinde, from blenden (“to dazzle, to blind”).

(military, historical, in the plural) pieces of wood used as cover or protection


écoute

écoutes téléphoniques
écoutes téléphoniques

(espionage) (always in plural) listening in, especially short for écoutes téléphoniques (phone hacking)


leurre

(military) flare (aerial infrared countermeasure)


tranchée

→ Belarusian: траншэ́я (tranšéja)

→ Bulgarian: транше́я (tranšéja)

→ Georgian: ტრანშეა (ṭranšea)

→ Italian: trincea

⇒ Spanish: trinchera

→ Macedonian: транше́ја (tranšéja)

→ Romanian: tranșee

desctree

→ Russian: транше́я (tranšéja)
→ Kazakh: траншея (tranşeä)
→ Kyrgyz: траншея (tranşeya)
→ Uzbek: transheya

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: транше́ја

Latin script: tranšéja

→ Ukrainian: транше́я (tranšéja)


relève

(military) changing, changeover, relief (release from a post or duty, as when replaced by another)


sauvegarde

Sauvegarde de gouvernail

Rudder chain (literally, “Rudder safety line”)

Sauvegarde d’aviron

(navy) chain, safety line, tether (rope for holding something)


débordant

fr-adj

débordant (feminine débordante, masculine plural débordants, feminine plural débordantes)

débordante (feminine)
débordants (masculine plural)
débordantes (feminine plural)


déborder

déborder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
débordant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
débordé (participle past)
déborde (first-person indicative present singular)
débordes (indicative present second-person singular)
déborde (indicative present singular third-person)
débordons (first-person indicative plural present)
débordez (indicative plural present second-person)
débordent (indicative plural present third-person)
débordais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
débordais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
débordait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
débordions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
débordiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
débordaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
débordai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
débordas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
déborda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
débordâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
débordâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
débordèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
déborderai (first-person future indicative singular)
déborderas (future indicative second-person singular)
débordera (future indicative singular third-person)
déborderons (first-person future indicative plural)
déborderez (future indicative plural second-person)
déborderont (future indicative plural third-person)
déborderais (conditional first-person singular)
déborderais (conditional second-person singular)
déborderait (conditional singular third-person)
déborderions (conditional first-person plural)
déborderiez (conditional plural second-person)
déborderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
déborde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
débordes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
déborde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
débordions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
débordiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
débordent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
débordasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
débordasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
débordât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
débordassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
débordassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
débordassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
déborde (imperative second-person singular)
débordons (first-person imperative plural)
débordez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: debòde

From dé- + bord + -er. Cognate with Catalan and Spanish desbordar.

la goutte d’eau qui fait déborder le vase

(military) to overshoot (shoot too far); to outflank


AMR

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse de reconnaissance (“reconnaissance machine-gun carrier or armored car”).


AML

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse lourde: heavy machine-gun carrier or armored car


saluer

saluer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
saluant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
salué (participle past)
salue (first-person indicative present singular)
salues (indicative present second-person singular)
salue (indicative present singular third-person)
saluons (first-person indicative plural present)
saluez (indicative plural present second-person)
saluent (indicative plural present third-person)
saluais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
saluais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
saluait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
saluions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
saluiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
saluaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
saluai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
saluas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
salua (historic indicative past singular third-person)
saluâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
saluâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
saluèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
saluerai (first-person future indicative singular)
salueras (future indicative second-person singular)
saluera (future indicative singular third-person)
saluerons (first-person future indicative plural)
saluerez (future indicative plural second-person)
salueront (future indicative plural third-person)
saluerais (conditional first-person singular)
saluerais (conditional second-person singular)
saluerait (conditional singular third-person)
saluerions (conditional first-person plural)
salueriez (conditional plural second-person)
salueraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
salue (first-person present singular subjunctive)
salues (present second-person singular subjunctive)
salue (present singular subjunctive third-person)
saluions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
saluiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
saluent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
saluasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
saluasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
saluât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
saluassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
saluassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
saluassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
salue (imperative second-person singular)
saluons (first-person imperative plural)
saluez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French saluer, from Old French saluer, earlier saluder, from Latin salūtāre.


fleuret

→ Czech: fleret

→ Danish: fleuret

→ Korean: 플뢰레 (peulloere)

→ Turkish: flöre

Ils font des armes avec des fleurets qu’ils ont apportés.

1897, Edmond Rostand, Cyrano de Bergerac

They fence with the foils they have brought.


cie

2ᵉ cⁱᵉ d’ouv.

(military) Abbreviation of compagnie. — company


trêve

Attested in Old French as trieve, treve, from Frankish *treuwu, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō (“fidelity; pledge”). Cognate with Dutch trouw, German Treue, English truce. More at true, truce.


armée de terre

fr-noun

armée de terre f (plural armées de terre)

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-armée de terre.wav

Coordinate term: armée de l’air

(military) land force, ground forces, ground troops


ligne de bataille

ligne de bataille f (plural lignes de bataille)


navire de guerre

navire de guerre m (plural navires de guerre)


avion de combat

avion de combat m (plural avions de combat)


marine militaire

marine militaire f (plural marines militaires)


navire de ligne

navire de ligne m (plural navires de ligne)

LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-navire de ligne.wav


marine de guerre

marine de guerre f (plural marines de guerre)


armée de l'espace

armée de l’espace f (plural armées de l’espace)

armée de l’ espace (canonical feminine)
armées de l’espace (plural)


forces aériennes

(military) air force, air corps or flying corps


forces spatiales

(military) space forces, aerospace forces


armée de l'air

armée de l’air f (usually uncountable, plural armées de l’air)

armée de l’ air (canonical feminine)
armées de l’air (plural)

Coordinate term: armée de terre


char de guerre

char de guerre m (plural chars de guerre)

/ʃaʁ də ɡɛʁ/


razzia

→ Catalan: ràtzia

→ Czech: razie

→ Danish: razzia

→ Dutch: razzia

→ Indonesian: razia

→ English: razzia

→ Finnish: ratsia

→ German: Razzia

→ Hungarian: razzia

→ Italian: razzia

→ Portuguese: razia

→ Spanish: razia

→ Swedish: razzia

From earlier razia (1830), gazia (1808), borrowed from Algerian Arabic غَزِيَّة (ḡaziya), classical Arabic غَزْوَة (ḡazwa, “raid, military campaign”). Compare Portuguese gazia.


escarmouche

Inherited from Middle French escarmuche, from Old French escharmuche (“skirmish”), from Old Italian scaramuccia (“skirmish”), from Lombardic skirmen or Frankish *skirmijan (“to shelter”).
Cognate with Old High German skirmen, scirmen (“to shield, defend, protect”), skirm (“shade, protection”). More at skirmish, screen.


uhlan

Borrowed from German Uhlan, from Polish ułan, from Ottoman Turkish اوغلان (oğlan, “boy”).


fougasse

From earlier fougade, probably borrowed from Italian fogata (from fogare, from foga), with a change of suffix.


blindé

fr-adj

blindé (feminine blindée, masculine plural blindés, feminine plural blindées)

blindée (feminine)
blindés (masculine plural)
blindées (feminine plural)

(military) armoured, armour-plated; reinforced


blindé

L’assaut fut lancé par des blindés et des paras.

1967, Gaalyahu Cornfeld, War for Redemption and Peace/La Guerre pour la Redemption et la Paix, page 19

The attack was launched by the armoured vehicles and paratroopers.


espion

fr-noun

espion m (plural espions, feminine espionne)

→ Basque: espioi

→ German: Spion (or directly from Italian)

→ Norman: espion

→ Portuguese: espião

→ Turkish: ispiyon

Inherited from Middle French *espion (attested only in the verb espionner), from Old French espion, spion (“one assigned to observe or spy”).
Alternatively, derived from Old French espie (“spy”), under influence of Italian spione (“spy”).
According to another theory, French espion is borrowed from Italian spione. The word is ultimately from Frankish *spehō (“spy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to look, spy”), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną.

(espionage) spy (person who secretly watches)


espionner

espionner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
espionnant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
espionné (participle past)
espionne (first-person indicative present singular)
espionnes (indicative present second-person singular)
espionne (indicative present singular third-person)
espionnons (first-person indicative plural present)
espionnez (indicative plural present second-person)
espionnent (indicative plural present third-person)
espionnais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
espionnais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
espionnait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
espionnions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
espionniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
espionnaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
espionnai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
espionnas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
espionna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
espionnâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
espionnâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
espionnèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
espionnerai (first-person future indicative singular)
espionneras (future indicative second-person singular)
espionnera (future indicative singular third-person)
espionnerons (first-person future indicative plural)
espionnerez (future indicative plural second-person)
espionneront (future indicative plural third-person)
espionnerais (conditional first-person singular)
espionnerais (conditional second-person singular)
espionnerait (conditional singular third-person)
espionnerions (conditional first-person plural)
espionneriez (conditional plural second-person)
espionneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
espionne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
espionnes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
espionne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
espionnions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
espionniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
espionnent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
espionnasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
espionnasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
espionnât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
espionnassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
espionnassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
espionnassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
espionne (imperative second-person singular)
espionnons (first-person imperative plural)
espionnez (imperative plural second-person)


dard

→ Italian: dardo

→ Portuguese: dardo

→ Spanish: dardo

Via Old French dart, from Frankish *daroth (compare Old High German tart, Old Norse darradr).


garde-magasin

garde-magasin m (plural gardes-magasins)


CAm

(military) Abbreviation of contre-amiral (“rear admiral, or RAdm”).


enseigne

enseigne m or f by sense (plural enseignes)

Inherited from Latin īnsignia, a neuter plural reinterpreted as a feminine singular. Doublet of insigne.


SNLE

sous-marin nucléaire lanceur d'engins#French

(military, nautical) an SSBN (nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine); Abbreviation of Sous-Marin Nucléaire Lanceur d’Engins.


obus

→ Catalan: obús

→ Dutch: obus

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: اوبوز, اوبوس (obüs)
Turkish: obüs

→ Portuguese: obus

→ Romanian: obuz

→ Spanish: obús

Borrowed from German Haubitze, from Czech houfnice (“catapult”).

Une rafale d’obus de mortiers est tombée près du poste médical. Panique.

2011 September 22, “Une Libye aux allures d'hécatombe”, in L'Obs

A volley of mortar shells have fallen near the medical post. Panic.

(military) shell (cylindrical projectile)


envoi

→ English: envoi, envoy

From earlier envei, envoy; from the verb envoyer (“to send”).


déployer

déployer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
déployant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
déployé (participle past)
déploie (first-person indicative present singular)
déploies (indicative present second-person singular)
déploie (indicative present singular third-person)
déployons (first-person indicative plural present)
déployez (indicative plural present second-person)
déploient (indicative plural present third-person)
déployais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
déployais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
déployait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
déployions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
déployiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
déployaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
déployai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
déployas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
déploya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
déployâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
déployâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
déployèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
déploierai (first-person future indicative singular)
déploieras (future indicative second-person singular)
déploiera (future indicative singular third-person)
déploierons (first-person future indicative plural)
déploierez (future indicative plural second-person)
déploieront (future indicative plural third-person)
déploierais (conditional first-person singular)
déploierais (conditional second-person singular)
déploierait (conditional singular third-person)
déploierions (conditional first-person plural)
déploieriez (conditional plural second-person)
déploieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
déploie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
déploies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
déploie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
déployions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
déployiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
déploient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
déployasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
déployasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
déployât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
déployassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
déployassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
déployassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
déploie (imperative second-person singular)
déployons (first-person imperative plural)
déployez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French desployer, from Old French desploier, desploiier, itself from a compound of des- and ploiier, or possibly from Late Latin displicāre, or from Latin dēplicāre (“to unfold”).


moineau

Inherited from Old French moinel, equivalent to moine (because of its plumage) + -eau.

(fortifications) (type of) small bastion


exercice

Inherited from Old French exercice (first attested in the early thirteenth century), borrowed from Latin exercitium.

un exercice d’entraînement sur le terrain

exercices conjoints des armées de l’air française et allemande

joint exercises between the French and German air forces

exercise (various meanings)
(military) exercise


galon

→ Catalan: galó

→ English: galloon
→ Irish: galún

→ Italian: gallone

→ Portuguese: galão

→ Romanian: galon

→ Spanish: galón
→ Tagalog: galon

→ Vietnamese: ga-lông


consigner

consigner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
consignant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
consigné (participle past)
consigne (first-person indicative present singular)
consignes (indicative present second-person singular)
consigne (indicative present singular third-person)
consignons (first-person indicative plural present)
consignez (indicative plural present second-person)
consignent (indicative plural present third-person)
consignais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
consignais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
consignait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
consignions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
consigniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
consignaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
consignai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
consignas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
consigna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
consignâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
consignâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
consignèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
consignerai (first-person future indicative singular)
consigneras (future indicative second-person singular)
consignera (future indicative singular third-person)
consignerons (first-person future indicative plural)
consignerez (future indicative plural second-person)
consigneront (future indicative plural third-person)
consignerais (conditional first-person singular)
consignerais (conditional second-person singular)
consignerait (conditional singular third-person)
consignerions (conditional first-person plural)
consigneriez (conditional plural second-person)
consigneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
consigne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
consignes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
consigne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
consignions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
consigniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
consignent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
consignasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
consignasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
consignât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
consignassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
consignassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
consignassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
consigne (imperative second-person singular)
consignons (first-person imperative plural)
consignez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin cōnsignāre.


quille

Inherited from Middle French quille, borrowed from Middle High German kegel, from Old High German kegil, from Proto-West Germanic *kagil (“pile, stake, peg, cone”).


as des as

suffissant à faire de lui « l’as des as » de la chasse
enough to make him the "ace of aces" of hunting
("Pilote de chasse aux Cigognes" by Jean Laffray (1968))

("Les Juifs" by Roger Peyrefitte (1965))

Fonck, l’as des as, n’était pas juif, mais de si peu ! (please add an English translation of this quotation)

le lieutenant Ernest Udet, « as des as » allemands
Lieutenant Ernest Udet, German "ace of aces"
("Revue Militaire Suisse" (1931))

reçoit le titre d’« as des as de l’infanterie française ».
receives the title of "ace of aces" of the French infrantry.
("Le patrimoine des communes de la Meuse" by Jocelyn Wolff (1999))


arbalète

→ Belarusian: арбалет (arbaljet)

→ Bulgarian: арбалет (arbalet)

→ Portuguese: arbaleta

→ Romanian: arbaletă

desctree

→ Russian: арбале́т (arbalét)
→ Kazakh: арбалет (arbalet)

→ Turkish: arbalet

→ Ukrainian: арбалет (arbalet)

→ Uzbek: arbalet

Inherited from Old French arbaleste, from Late Latin arcuballista, from Latin arcus (“bow”) + ballista (“ballista”).


massue

Inherited from Old French massüe, maçüe, earlier maçug(u)e, from Vulgar Latin *matteūca, extended from Vulgar Latin *mattia, *mattea whence masse, vulgarized from Latin mateola. Compare Romanian măciucă and Occitan maçuga.


ponton

Inherited from Old French ponton, from Latin pontōnem (“ferryboat”), from pōns (“bridge”). By surface analysis, pont + -on.


bricole

Middle French [Term?], from Italian briccola.


tirage

Czech: tiráž

English: tirage

→ Romanian: tiraj

→ Turkish: tiraj

Russian: тира́ж (tiráž)
→ Azerbaijani: tiraj
→ Georgian: ტირაჟი (ṭiraži)

(military) draught/draft (hiring soldiers)


tireur

fr-noun

tireur m (plural tireurs, feminine tireuse)


guet

Masculine form of guette. Compare the original Old French gué.


pointeur

pointeur m (plural pointeurs, feminine pointeuse)

(military) One who points a cannon at its target


légion

Persian: لژیون (ležion)


légionnaire

English: legionnaire, Legionnaire


arrière-garde

desctree

→ Russian: арьергард (arʹjergard)
→ Georgian: არიერგარდი (ariergardi)


percutant

fr-adj

percutant (feminine percutante, masculine plural percutants, feminine plural percutantes)

percutante (feminine)
percutants (masculine plural)
percutantes (feminine plural)


hussard

→ English: hussar

→ Spanish: húsar

(military) hussar (light cavalry of European armies)


champ de bataille

fr-noun

champ de bataille m (plural champs de bataille)

LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-champ de bataille.wav


décocher

décocher (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
décochant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
décoché (participle past)
décoche (first-person indicative present singular)
décoches (indicative present second-person singular)
décoche (indicative present singular third-person)
décochons (first-person indicative plural present)
décochez (indicative plural present second-person)
décochent (indicative plural present third-person)
décochais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
décochais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
décochait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
décochions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
décochiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
décochaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
décochai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
décochas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
décocha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
décochâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
décochâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
décochèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
décocherai (first-person future indicative singular)
décocheras (future indicative second-person singular)
décochera (future indicative singular third-person)
décocherons (first-person future indicative plural)
décocherez (future indicative plural second-person)
décocheront (future indicative plural third-person)
décocherais (conditional first-person singular)
décocherais (conditional second-person singular)
décocherait (conditional singular third-person)
décocherions (conditional first-person plural)
décocheriez (conditional plural second-person)
décocheraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
décoche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
décoches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
décoche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
décochions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
décochiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
décochent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
décochasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
décochasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
décochât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
décochassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
décochassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
décochassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
décoche (imperative second-person singular)
décochons (first-person imperative plural)
décochez (imperative plural second-person)

décocher une flèche

(transitive, archery) to shoot (with a bow)


crémaillère

→ Catalan: cremallera

→ English: crémaillère

→ Spanish: cremallera

From Old French cramail + -ière, from Latin cramalius, cramalium, cramaculus, cramaculum (“trammel”), alteration of cremasculus, cremasculum (“trammel”), diminutive of cremaster from Ancient Greek κρεμαστήρ (kremastḗr).

(military) crémaillère (indented or zigzagging line of entrenchment used in fortification)


espionnage

→ English: espionage

→ Spanish: espionaje


fuyard

fuyard m (plural fuyards, feminine fuyarde)

(military) deserter (someone who runs away from battle)


replier

replier (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
repliant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
replié (participle past)
replie (first-person indicative present singular)
replies (indicative present second-person singular)
replie (indicative present singular third-person)
replions (first-person indicative plural present)
repliez (indicative plural present second-person)
replient (indicative plural present third-person)
repliais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
repliais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
repliait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
repliions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
repliiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
repliaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
repliai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
replias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
replia (historic indicative past singular third-person)
repliâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
repliâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
replièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
replierai (first-person future indicative singular)
replieras (future indicative second-person singular)
repliera (future indicative singular third-person)
replierons (first-person future indicative plural)
replierez (future indicative plural second-person)
replieront (future indicative plural third-person)
replierais (conditional first-person singular)
replierais (conditional second-person singular)
replierait (conditional singular third-person)
replierions (conditional first-person plural)
replieriez (conditional plural second-person)
replieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
replie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
replies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
replie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
repliions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
repliiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
replient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
repliasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
repliasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
repliât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
repliassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
repliassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
repliassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
replie (imperative second-person singular)
replions (first-person imperative plural)
repliez (imperative plural second-person)

From re- + plier; cf. also Old French replier, reploier, Latin replicō, replicāre. Compare also reployer and répliquer.

(reflexive, military) to withdraw, retreat, fall back


éclaireur

éclaireur m (plural éclaireurs, feminine éclaireuse)

éclaireurs (plural)
éclaireuse (feminine)