eagle

Borrowed from English eagle. Doublet of aigle.


fa

(music) fa, the fourth diatonic (or sixth chromatic) note 'F'


abalone

Borrowed from English abalone, borrowed in the mid-20th century.


abjurer

abjurer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
abjurant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abjuré (participle past)
abjure (first-person indicative present singular)
abjures (indicative present second-person singular)
abjure (indicative present singular third-person)
abjurons (first-person indicative plural present)
abjurez (indicative plural present second-person)
abjurent (indicative plural present third-person)
abjurais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abjurais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abjurait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abjurions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abjuriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abjuraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abjurai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abjuras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abjura (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abjurâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abjurâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abjurèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abjurerai (first-person future indicative singular)
abjureras (future indicative second-person singular)
abjurera (future indicative singular third-person)
abjurerons (first-person future indicative plural)
abjurerez (future indicative plural second-person)
abjureront (future indicative plural third-person)
abjurerais (conditional first-person singular)
abjurerais (conditional second-person singular)
abjurerait (conditional singular third-person)
abjurerions (conditional first-person plural)
abjureriez (conditional plural second-person)
abjureraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
abjure (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abjures (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abjure (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abjurions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abjuriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abjurent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abjurasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abjurasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abjurât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abjurassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abjurassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abjurassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abjure (imperative second-person singular)
abjurons (first-person imperative plural)
abjurez (imperative plural second-person)

From Middle French abiurer, abjurer, from Old French abjurer (“to reject or renounce (something) on oath”), borrowed from Latin abiūrāre, the present active infinitive of abiūrō (“to deny on oath, recant, renounce, repudiate, abjure”).

inh

(ambitransitive, religion) to formally renounce one's religious belief; to apostatise


abomination

(chiefly religion) revulsion, abomination, disgust


accorder

accorder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
accordant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
accordé (participle past)
accorde (first-person indicative present singular)
accordes (indicative present second-person singular)
accorde (indicative present singular third-person)
accordons (first-person indicative plural present)
accordez (indicative plural present second-person)
accordent (indicative plural present third-person)
accordais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
accordais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
accordait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
accordions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
accordiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
accordaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
accordai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
accordas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
accorda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
accordâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
accordâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
accordèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
accorderai (first-person future indicative singular)
accorderas (future indicative second-person singular)
accordera (future indicative singular third-person)
accorderons (first-person future indicative plural)
accorderez (future indicative plural second-person)
accorderont (future indicative plural third-person)
accorderais (conditional first-person singular)
accorderais (conditional second-person singular)
accorderait (conditional singular third-person)
accorderions (conditional first-person plural)
accorderiez (conditional plural second-person)
accorderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
accorde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
accordes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
accorde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
accordions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
accordiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
accordent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
accordasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
accordasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
accordât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
accordassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
accordassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
accordassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
accorde (imperative second-person singular)
accordons (first-person imperative plural)
accordez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Romanian: acorda

Inherited from Middle French accorder, from Old French acorder, from Vulgar Latin *accordāre, derived from Latin cor (“heart”). By surface analysis, accord + -er.

(sports) to award (a free kick, a penalty, a foul, etc.)


libre

→ Alemannic German: liiber

→ English: libre

→ Romanian: liber

Inherited from Middle French libre, from Old French libre, semi-learned form of livre (ca. 1200), from Latin līber (“free”), from Old Latin loeber, from Proto-Italic *louðeros, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ-er-os, from *h₁lewdʰ- (“people”).


point

→ Danish: point

→ Dutch: punt

→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng

→ Persian: پوئن (pu'an)

→ Polish: pointa

→ Swedish: poäng

→ Turkish: puan

Inherited from Middle French poinct (with orthography modified to reflect the Latin etymology), from Old French point, from Latin punctum.


but

From Middle French but (“mark, goal”), from Old French but (“aim, goal, end, target”), from Old French butte (“mound, knoll, target”), from Frankish *but (“stump, log”), or from Old Norse bútr (“log, stump, butt”); both from Proto-Germanic *buttaz (“end, piece”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to beat, push”).
Cognate with Old English butt (“tree stump”); see butt. The semantic development from "mound" to "target" is likely from martial training practice. The final /t/ is from the old pausal and liaison pronunciation; its (partial) restoration as the basic form may have been reinforced by related butte.

der

(sports) goal (in the place, act, or point sense)


mi

→ Persian: می (mi)


accent

→ Norwegian Bokmål: accent

→ Turkish: aksan

Inherited from Middle French accent, from Old French acent, accent, borrowed from Latin accentus (“accent, tone, accentuation”).


stand

→ Khmer: ស្តង់ (stɑng)

→ Romanian: stand


or

Haitian Creole: lò

From Middle French or, from Old French or, from Latin aurum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”), from *h₂ews- (“to dawn, become light, become red”).

la parole est d'argent, le silence est d'or


triangle

Borrowed from Latin triangulum. By surface analysis, tri- + angle.

(music) triangle (percussion instrument)


sol

From Latin sol(ve) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist where all note names were taken from.

(music) sol (the fifth step (G) in the solfège scale of C, preceded by fa and followed by la)


tennis

→ Persian: تنیس (tenis)


quadruple

une quadruple croche


mine

→ Persian: مین (min)

→ Vietnamese: mìn

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *mina, Gaulish *meina (see also Welsh mwyn, Irish míanach (“ore”)), from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”).


finale

En raison de l'alerte rouge canicule du lundi 18 juillet, l'arrêt préfectoral interdisant la pratique du sport en intérieur a amené Gérald Kerscaven, juge-arbitre, à décaler les finales du samedi 23 au dimanche 24 juillet.

2022 July 27, “Au tournoi du Tennis-club Taulé-Plouénan, 119 joueurs et des rencontres de qualité [At the Tennis-Club Taulé-Plouénan Tournament, 119 Players and Quality Matches]”, in Le Télégramme [The Telegram], Morlaix: Groupe Télégramme, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2024-08-16, page 8:

Due to the red heatwave alert on Monday, July 18th, the prefectural order banning the practice of indoor sports led Gérald Kerscaven, umpire, to reschedule the finals from Saturday, July 23rd to Sunday, July 24th.

(sports) final, finals (game between the last two competitors remaining in the running, in elimination tournaments)


finale

(music) final note (last note of a tune)


finale

(figuratively) Madame Hulot faisait remonter les premières infidélités de son Hector au grand finale de l’Empire.

1846, Honoré de Balzac, La Cousine Bette [Cousin Bette], Boniface, page 34:

Madame Hulot traced the first infidelities of her Hector back to the grand finale of the Empire.

La pièce est finie, mais non pas la musique. Il faut un finale : sans finale, pas d'opéra.

1867, Gustave Nadaud, “La volière [The Birdcage]”, in Henri Plon, editor, Opérettes [Operettas], volume IV, Paris, act ?, scene xiii, page 117:

The piece is finished, but not the music. There needs to be a finale: without a finale, no opera.

(figuratively) Le finale se recule encore, et vous allez voir que c'est malgré moi…

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire], page 83:

The finale moves itself back again, and you will see that it is despite myself….

L'épisode du cirque ambulant serait un bon finale pour ces treize années.

1977, Marguerite Yourcenar, Archives du Nord [Archives of the North], Éditions Gallimard, page 350:

The episode of the travelling circus would be a good finale for these thirteen years.

(music) finale (ensemble piece that ends an act of an opera, symphony, sonata)


rose

Inherited from Middle French rose, from Old French rose, borrowed from Latin rosa (the expected form if it was inherited would be *reuse).


cadre

→ Bulgarian: ка́дър (kádǎr)

→ English: cadre

→ German: Kader

desctree

→ Russian: кадр (kadr)
→ Kazakh: кадр (kadr)

→ Turkish: kadro

Borrowed from Italian quadro (“framed painting, square”), from Latin quadrum, from quattuor (“four”). Cf. Old French querre, inherited from the same source; see also carre.

bor+

cadre en fibre de carbone


jaune

Inherited from Middle French jaune, iaune, from Old French jaune, jalne, from Latin galbinus.


pain

Haitian Creole: pen

Karipúna Creole French: djipẽ

→ Farefare: pãanɛ

⇒ Khmer: នំប៉័ង (num pang)

desc

→ Xârâcùù: pêê

→ Xârâcùù: pêê

Inherited from Middle French pain, from Old French pain, from Latin pānem.

(slang, music) mistake during a performance (false note, forgot an intro, wrong solo, …)


cork

Borrowed from English cork (“corkscrew”).

bor+

(snowboarding, skiing, skateboarding) cork (An aerialist maneuver involving a rotation where the rider goes heels over head, with the board overhead.)


abattis

Inherited from Old French abatëiz. By surface analysis, abattre (“to cut down”) + -is.


cliché

→ Catalan: clixé

→ Czech: klišé

→ Danish: kliché, kliche

→ English: cliché

→ Estonian: klišee

→ Finnish: klisee

→ Galician: clixé

→ German: Klischee

→ Hungarian: klisé

→ Icelandic: klisja

→ Macedonian: клише́ (klišé)

→ Persian: کلیشه (keliše)

desc

→ Portuguese: clichê, cliché (unadapted form)

→ Russian: клише́ (klišé)

→ Serbo-Croatian: klìšē/клѝше̄

→ Slovak: klišé

→ Slovene: kliše

→ Spanish: cliché

→ Turkish: klişe

Past participle of clicher (“to stereotype, (originally) to copy”, literally “to click, clink”), from Middle French clicher, from Old French cliquer (“to click, clack, sound, resound”), of Germanic origin, related to Dutch klikken (“to click, rattle”), Low German klikken (“to click”), German klicken (“to click”), Danish klikke (“to click”), Swedish klicka (“to click”). Probably onomatopoeic, and probably influenced by Middle High German klitsch (“soft, pulpy mass”), from the old technique of creating a printing plate. More at click.


ducat

→ Turkish: düka

Inherited from Middle French, from late Old French, borrowed from Italian ducato, from Medieval Latin ducātus, from dux (“duke; leader”). Compare also duché.


claque

Deverbal from claquer (“to clap”). Sense 5 developed as paying audience members to applaud started at the Paris Opera.

(sports) thrashing; thumping (heavy defeat)


simple

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin simplex.


ring

→ Romanian: ring

From English ring (sense 1) and Dutch ring (sense 2).


round

Trop de parents qu’ont pas un rond
 Trop de casaniers qui tiendront pas un round de plus

2015, “Bonjour”, performed by Emicida ft. Féfé:

Too many parents who don't have a cent
 Too many homebodies who won't last another round


balance

→ Romanian: balanță

→ Russian: бала́нс (baláns)

→ Spanish: balance

→ Ukrainian: бала́нс (baláns)

Inherited from Middle French balance, from Old French balance, from Vulgar Latin *bilancia, from Latin bilanx, from bi- (see Latin bis) and lanx.


acolyte

acolytes (plural)
acolythe (alternative obsolete)

Inherited from Old French acolyt, from Ecclesiastical Latin acolytus, from Ancient Greek ἀκόλουθος (akólouthos, “follower, attendant”).


piano

Borrowed from Italian piano. Doublet of plain and plan.

Il joue du piano avec compétence.

Je n’aime pas le piano. Je préfère le football.
Hein ! Quoi ! Et tu me dis ça à moi, le grand professeur Trompette ? Tiens ! Répète ta leçon cinq fois ! Non, dix fois !
Je déteste le piano !

1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:

I don’t like the piano. I like football more.
Huh? What? And you’re telling that to me, the great professor Trumpet? Alright then! Repeat what you’ve learned five times! No, ten times!
I hate the piano!


meute

→ Dutch: meute

→ German: Meute

Inherited from Middle French meute, from muete, from Latin *movita, feminine substantivization of Latin *movitus, 'vulgar' perfect passive participle for moveō (“move”).


torque

From Old French torke, northern variant of torche, from Vulgar Latin *torca, ultimately from the same source as etymology 1.


dojo

From Japanese 道場 (dōjō, “place of the way”).


revenue

(hunting) the action of game leaving the forest to graze


squash

jouer au squash


note

→ Turkish: not

→ Persian: نت (not)

→ Romanian: notă


panier

→ English: pannier

Inherited from Old French, from Latin pānārium (“breadbasket”), from pānis (“bread”).

mettre tous ses œufs dans le même panier


penalty

fr-noun

penalty m (plural penaltys or penalties)

penaltys (plural)
penalties (plural)
pénalty (alternative)

Borrowed from English penalty, itself a borrowing from French pénalité (thus a reborrowing). Doublet of pénalité.


cardinal

Learned borrowing from Latin cardinālis.


cornet

→ English: cornet

→ Switzerland German: Cornet


putter

putter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
puttant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
putté (participle past)
putte (first-person indicative present singular)
puttes (indicative present second-person singular)
putte (indicative present singular third-person)
puttons (first-person indicative plural present)
puttez (indicative plural present second-person)
puttent (indicative plural present third-person)
puttais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
puttais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
puttait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
puttions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
puttiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
puttaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
puttai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
puttas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
putta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
puttâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
puttâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
puttèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
putterai (first-person future indicative singular)
putteras (future indicative second-person singular)
puttera (future indicative singular third-person)
putterons (first-person future indicative plural)
putterez (future indicative plural second-person)
putteront (future indicative plural third-person)
putterais (conditional first-person singular)
putterais (conditional second-person singular)
putterait (conditional singular third-person)
putterions (conditional first-person plural)
putteriez (conditional plural second-person)
putteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
putte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
puttes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
putte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
puttions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
puttiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
puttent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
puttasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
puttasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
puttât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
puttassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
puttassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
puttassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
putte (imperative second-person singular)
puttons (first-person imperative plural)
puttez (imperative plural second-person)


nuance

→ Bulgarian: нюа́нс (njuáns)

→ Czech: nuance

→ Danish: nuance

desctree

→ Dutch: nuance
Afrikaans: nuanse
→ Indonesian: nuansa

→ English: nuance

→ Esperanto: nuanco
→ Ido: nuanco

→ Finnish: nyanssi

→ German: Nuance

→ Norwegian: nyanse

→ Polish: niuans

→ Portuguese: nuance, nuança

→ Romanian: nuanță

→ Russian: нюа́нс (njuáns)

→ Slovak: nuansa

→ Swedish: nyans


duo

→ Romanian: duo

Borrowed from Italian duo. Doublet of deux.

(music) duet (a musical composition for two performers)


couleur

→ Danish: kulør

→ Dutch: kleur

Afrikaans: kleur

→ English: couleur

→ German: Couleur

Haitian Creole: koulè

Louisiana Creole: koulær, koulè, koulèr

→ Low German: Klöör

→ German Low German: Klür

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kulør

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kulør

→ Swedish: kulör

→ West Frisian: kleur

Inherited from Middle French couleur, from Old French color, from Latin colōrem m.

des goûts et des couleurs, on ne discute pas


seconde

The first sense is a borrowing from Latin (minuta) secunda.

(music) second (interval between two adjacent notes in a diatonic scale)


bicyclette

→ Asturian: bicicleta

→ Basque: bizikleta

→ Catalan: bicicleta

→ Chadian Arabic: بسكليت (biskilēt)

→ Galician: bicicleta

→ Hijazi Arabic: بُسْكُليتة

→ Italian: bicicletta (see there for further descendants)

→ Malagasy: bisikilety

Mauritian Creole: bisiklet

→ Occitan: bicicleta

→ Portuguese: bicicleta, biciclete

→ Romanian: bicicletă

→ Sicilian: picicaletta

→ Spanish: bicicleta (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: bisiklet

desc

→ Laz: ბისიქლეთი (bisikleti), ბისიქლეტი (bisikleťi)

→ Yiddish: ביציקלעט (bitsiklet)


pot

Inherited from Middle French pot, from Old French pot (“pot”), from Vulgar Latin pottum, pottus (“pot, jar”), from Frankish *pott, from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot, jar, tub”), from Proto-Indo-European *budn- (“a kind of vessel”). More at English pot.

der

c'est dans les vieux pots qu'on fait la meilleure soupe

(oenology) a half-litre bottle or measure of wine


croissant

→ English: croissant

→ German: Croissant

→ Italian: croissant

→ Korean: 크라상 (keurasang)

→ Malay: roti bulan sabit (calque)

→ Turkish: kruvasan

→ Spanish: cruasán

→ Asturian: curasán

→ Catalan: croissant

→ Portuguese: croassã

Present participle of the verb croître (“to increase, to grow”). From Old French croisant, from earlier creissant, from Latin crēscentem, present active participle of crēscō (“to augment”).


la

→ Persian: لا (lâ)


sole

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.

(agriculture) a piece of land devoted to crop rotation


switch

(especially BDSM) One who is willing to take either a submissive or a dominant role in a sexual relationship.


Daniel

(biblical) Daniel (biblical book and prophet)


textile

→ Turkish: tekstil


à

→ Danish: à

→ Dutch: à

→ German: à

→ Hungarian: à

→ Norwegian Bokmål: à, a

→ Swedish: à

Inherited from Old French a, a merge of Latin ad and ab.


mail

Inherited from Latin malleus (“hammer”).


parachute

→ Azerbaijani: paraşüt

→ Albanian: parashutë

desctree

→ Dutch: parachute
→ Indonesian: parasut
→ Papiamentu: parachüt

→ English: parachute

→ Ottoman Turkish: پاراشوت (paraşüt)

Turkish: paraşüt

→ Russian: парашю́т (parašút)
→ Armenian: պարաշյուտ (parašyut)
→ Kazakh: парашют (paraşüt)

From para- (“protection against”) + chute (“fall”).

af

En dessous il y a les godes et les plugs, rangés par taille sur deux étagères: deux gros plugs, quatre petits, quatre godes doubles, huit godes simples. En dessous il y a le petit matériel, accroché à des clous: cinq paires de pinces à seins différentes, des pinces à linge, un parachute pour les couilles, tin collier de chien, deux cagoules, une en cuir, une en latex, six cockrings, en acier, en cuir, simples ou avec serre-couilles incorporé, deux étuis à bite […]

1996, Guillaume Dustan, Dans ma chambre [In My Room], Paris: POL, page 71; quoted in David Caron, My Father and I: The Marais and the Queerness of Community, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2009, →ISBN, page 106:

Below there are the dildos and plugs, ranging in size on two shelves: two big plugs, four small, four double-dildos, eight simple dildos. Below there is the small equipment, hung on nails: five pairs of different nipple clamps, clothes pegs, a parachute for the balls, a dog collar, two hoods, one leather, one latex, six cockrings, in steel, in leather, simple or with built-in ball clamps, two cock-sleeves […]

(BDSM) parachute (scrotum collar from which weights can be hung)


fatwa

Borrowed from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”).

bor+

(Islam) fatwa (legal opinion issued by a mufti)


club

→ Khmer: ក្លឹប (kləp)

→ Romanian: club

→ Ottoman Turkish: قلوب (klüb)

Turkish: kulüp


collage

→ Catalan: collage

→ Chinese: 珂拉琪

→ Dutch: collage

→ English: collage

→ German: Collage

→ Irish: colláis

→ Italian: collage

→ Japanese: コラージュ

→ Korean: 콜라주 (kollaju)

→ Portuguese: colagem (semantic loan)

→ Russian: колла́ж (kolláž) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: kolaj


lion

Haitian Creole: lyon

Mauritian Creole: lyon

Seychellois Creole: lyon

Inherited from Old French lion, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin leōnem, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).


brioche

→ Catalan: brioix

→ English: brioche

→ German: Brioche

→ Hungarian: briós

→ Ido: briocho

→ Italian: brioche

→ Japanese: ブリオッシュ (buriosshu)

→ Portuguese: brioche

→ Sicilian: brioscia

From Old French brier (“to break”) + -oche; compare French broyer.

, Attributed to Marie Antoinette

(baking, cooking) brioche (type of light sweet pastry or bun of French origin)


pause

From Middle French pause (14th c. in the musical sense), from Latin pausa. The Middle French form may be merely a relatinized spelling of Old French pose (“moment, period of time”, 12th c., whence Dutch poos), itself an early borrowing (if not inheritance) from the same Latin noun; at any rate both forms cannot be separated entirely.


main

→? English: main

→⇒ German: Lamäng

Haitian Creole: men

Louisiana Creole: men

⇒ Mauritian Creole: lame

Inherited from Middle French main, Old French main, mein, man, from Latin manus (“hand”), from Proto-Italic *manus, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-r̥ ~ *mh₂-én-, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”), or perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *mon-u- (see the Proto-Italic entry). Compare Spanish mano.


service

→ Belarusian: серві́з (sjervíz)

→ Romanian: serviciu

→ Turkish: servis

→ Ukrainian: серві́з (servíz)

Inherited from Old French servise, borrowed from Latin servitium (compare Portuguese serviço, Italian servizio, Norman sèrvice, Spanish servicio), from servus.


double

→ Romanian: dublu

Inherited from Old French doble, from Latin duplus.

une double croche


flèche

→ Dutch: flits

→ Middle Low German: flitse [16th c.]

→ German: Flitz

→ English: flèche

Inherited from Middle French fleche, from Old French fleche, from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, borrowed from Frankish *fliukkijā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-, from *plew-.

etymon

(archery, symbol) arrow (projectile or symbol)


frappé

desc

→ Portuguese: frapê, frapé, frappé (unadapted form)

→ Turkish: frape


timbre

→ Hausa: tambur

→ Khmer: តែម (taem)

desctree

→ Iranian Persian: تَمْبْر (tambr), تمر (tamr) (colloquial)
→ Azerbaijani: təmr

→ Luxembourgish: Timber

→ Moroccan Arabic: تنبر (tanbar)

→ Vietnamese: tem

Inherited from Old French timbre, via Byzantine Greek, from Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon, “drum”). Less likely a direct descendant of Latin tympanum. Doublet of tympan.


batter

batter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
battant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
batté (participle past)
batte (first-person indicative present singular)
battes (indicative present second-person singular)
batte (indicative present singular third-person)
battons (first-person indicative plural present)
battez (indicative plural present second-person)
battent (indicative plural present third-person)
battais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
battais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
battait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
battions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
battiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
battaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
battai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
battas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
batta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
battâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
battâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
battèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
batterai (first-person future indicative singular)
batteras (future indicative second-person singular)
battera (future indicative singular third-person)
batterons (first-person future indicative plural)
batterez (future indicative plural second-person)
batteront (future indicative plural third-person)
batterais (conditional first-person singular)
batterais (conditional second-person singular)
batterait (conditional singular third-person)
batterions (conditional first-person plural)
batteriez (conditional plural second-person)
batteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
batte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
battes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
batte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
battions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
battiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
battent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
battasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
battasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
battât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
battassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
battassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
battassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
batte (imperative second-person singular)
battons (first-person imperative plural)
battez (imperative plural second-person)


label

Borrowed from English label, itself from Old French label, lambel (“fringe, strip”), 1899.


tableau

Haitian Creole: tablo

→ English: tableau

→ German: Tableau

desc

→ Greek: ταμπλό (tampló), ταμπλώ n (tampló)

→ Romanian: tablou

→ Russian: табло́ (tabló)

→ Turkish: tablo

→ Ukrainian: табло́ (tabló)


table

Louisiana Creole: latab

→ Bulgarian: табла (tabla)

→ Macedonian: табла (tabla)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: табла

Latin script: tabla

Inherited from Old French table, from Latin tabula (“tablet”). Doublet of tôle and taule.


harpe

From Late Latin harpa, from Proto-Germanic *harpǭ.


lento

Borrowed from Italian lento. Doublet of lent.


ton

→ Turkish: ton

Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of tonus, a later borrowing.

Il y a un ton entre do et ré


trait

Inherited from Old French trait, from Latin tractus.

(religion) verses sung in a Mass between the gradual and the gospel reading


passer

passer (infinitive)
avoir (infinitive multiword-construction)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
passant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
passé (participle past)
passe (first-person indicative present singular)
passes (indicative present second-person singular)
passe (indicative present singular third-person)
passons (first-person indicative plural present)
passez (indicative plural present second-person)
passent (indicative plural present third-person)
passais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
passais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
passait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
passions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
passiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
passaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
passai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
passas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
passa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
passâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
passâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
passèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
passerai (first-person future indicative singular)
passeras (future indicative second-person singular)
passera (future indicative singular third-person)
passerons (first-person future indicative plural)
passerez (future indicative plural second-person)
passeront (future indicative plural third-person)
passerais (conditional first-person singular)
passerais (conditional second-person singular)
passerait (conditional singular third-person)
passerions (conditional first-person plural)
passeriez (conditional plural second-person)
passeraient (conditional plural third-person)
present indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
past historic of avoir (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
future of avoir (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
passe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
passes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
passe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
passions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
passiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
passent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
passasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
passasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
passât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
passassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
passassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
passassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
passe (imperative second-person singular)
passons (first-person imperative plural)
passez (imperative plural second-person)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
simple imperative of avoir (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
être + past participle (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)

→ Alemannic German: passiere

→ German: passieren

Romanian: → pasa, → trece (semantic loan)

Inherited from Middle French passer, from Old French passer, from Vulgar Latin *passāre, derived from Latin passus (“step”, noun).

(sports) to pass (kick, throw, hit etc. the ball to another player)


canon

→ Turkish: kanon

Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.


tube

→ Romanian: tub

→ Turkish: tüp

Chacune de ses chansons était un tube.


brebis

Inherited from Old French berbis, berbiz, from Vulgar Latin *berbicem, from Late Latin berbēcem, from Latin vervēx (“wether”).


mode

Inherited from Middle French mode, from Old French mode f, ultimately from Latin modus m. The masculine gender was reintroduced for some senses during the Middle French period under influence of the Latin. Doublet of mœuf.


bout

From Middle French, from Old French bout (“a blow”), derivative of bouter (“to strike”), of Germanic origin. More at bouter.

à bout

to the limit, without any room for manoeuvre

de bout en bout

from start to finish, from one end to the other

ne pas regarder plus loin que le bout de son nez

ne pas voir plus loin que le bout de son nez

regarder par le petit bout de la lorgnette


canard

fr-noun

canard m (plural canards, feminine cane)

→ Dutch: canard

→ English: canard

→ German: Ente (semantic loan)

→ Italian: canard

→ Portuguese: canard

→ Vietnamese: tin vịt (calque)

Inherited from Middle French canard, from Old French canart, quanart (“duck”), from cane (“female duck", also "boat”), perhaps ultimately from the same imitative root as caner (“cackle, prattle”) or from Old French cane (“boat, ship; waterbird”), from Frankish *kano, from Proto-West Germanic *kanō, from Proto-Germanic *kanô (“boat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *gan-, *gandʰ- (“vessel, tub”). + -ard (suffix), from Frankish *-hard (“hardy, bold”), from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard”). Cognate with Middle High German -hart. More at hard.
Compare Norwegian kane (“swan-shaped vessel”), German Kahn (“boat”), Old Norse kæna (“little boat”), and possibly Old Norse knǫrr (“ship”) (whence also Late Latin canardus (“ship”), from Germanic; and Old English cnearr (“merchant ship”)). Related to French canot (“little boat”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

inh

il y a plusieurs façons de plumer un canard


spot

(cinematography, theater) spotlight, spot


sono

Je me branche sur votre sono.

public address system
public address system

(music, electronics) sound system, PA system, public address system


bride

→ Portuguese: brida

Inherited from Middle French bride, from Old French bride (“rein, bridle”), from Middle High German brīdel (“rein, bridle”), from Old High German brīdil (“rein, bridle”) (compare also Old High German brittil (“rein, strap”), French bretelle), from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil (“bridle”).
Compare Spanish brida, Italian briglia. More at bridle.

der

à cheval donné on ne regarde pas la bride


rédemption

Learned borrowing from Latin redemptiōnem. Doublet of rançon.


piste

→ Catalan: pista

→ Dutch: piste

→ English: piste

→ German: Piste

→ Greek: πίστα (písta)

→ Persian: پیست (pist)

→ Turkish: pist

Borrowed from Italian pista, variant of pesta (“footprint”).

piste de ski

piste de luge


manager

(sports, Europe, Africa, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, New Caledonia) manager


softball

fr-noun

softball m (countable and uncountable, plural softballs)

softballs (plural)
soft-ball (alternative)
soft ball (alternative)

(sports) softball (“sport”): a variant of baseball

(sports) softball (“ball”): a ball used in the sport of softball


dos

Inherited from Old French dos, from Latin dorsum (through Vulgar Latin dossum). Compare Romansch dies, Catalan dors, Italian dosso, and Romanian dos.

ne pas y aller avec le dos de la cuillère


coda

Borrowed from Italian coda. Doublet of queue.


queue

queues (plural)
queüe (alternative obsolete)
queuë (alternative obsolete)

→ Danish: kø

→ Dutch: keu

→ English: queue, cue

→ German: Queue

→ Norwegian: kø

→ Swedish: kö

Inherited from Middle French queu, cueue, from Old French cue, coe, from Vulgar Latin cōda, variant of Latin cauda. Doublet of coda.

inh+

quand on parle du loup, on en voit la queue


Thomas

→ Vietnamese: Tô-ma, Tôma, Thô-ma

Ultimately borrowed from Latin Thōmās m.
 Inherited from Middle French Thomas m, inherited from Old French Tumas m, Latin Thōmās m.
Compare Occitan Tomàs m.


canton

→ German: Kanton

Inherited from Middle French canton, from Old French canton (from the 1240s), from Old Occitan canton (“corner; canton”) (recorded before 1218), adopted in Occitan from North Italian (Gallo-Italic, early Lombard) cantone (“edge, corner; canton”), ultimately representing Latin cant- (“rim (of a wheel)”) with the addition of the -ō (accusative -ōnem) suffix forming augmentatives in Romance.


centre

From Old French centre (13th c.), a borrowing from Latin centrum, from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron, “sharp point”).

der

(soccer) cross, specifically one directed into the penalty area


match

→ Ladino: mach

→ Romanian: meci

→ Turkish: maç


diminuendo

(music) diminuendo (a dynamic mark directing that a passage is to be played gradually more softly)


pianissimo

Borrowed from Italian pianissimo (“very softly”).


pianissimo

fr-noun

pianissimo m (plural pianissimos or pianissimi)

pianissimos (plural)
pianissimi (plural)


adoration

Borrowed from Latin adōrātiōnem (“worship, adoration”), from adōrō (“beseech; adore, worship”), from ad (“to, towards”) + ōrō (“beg”).


alto

→ Persian: آلتو (âlto)


clef

clefs (plural)
clé (alternative common)
cleph (alternative humorous)

Inherited from Middle French clef, from Old French clef, from Latin clāvis, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w-. According to Bescherelle.

(heraldry) key; the device as shown on a coat of arms


senior

Borrowed from Latin senior. Doublet of sire, seigneur, and sieur.


junior

Borrowed from Latin juniorem; Doublet of geindre. Cf. also the inherited Old French oblique case gignor.


ut

en ut majeur


métal

Borrowed from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”), of unknown origin.


cage

Inherited from Old French cage, from Latin cavea. This form did not undergo the palatalization of c before a.


enter

enter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
entant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
enté (participle past)
ente (first-person indicative present singular)
entes (indicative present second-person singular)
ente (indicative present singular third-person)
entons (first-person indicative plural present)
entez (indicative plural present second-person)
entent (indicative plural present third-person)
entais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
entais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
entait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
entions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
entiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
entaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
entai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
entas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
enta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
entâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
entâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
entèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
enterai (first-person future indicative singular)
enteras (future indicative second-person singular)
entera (future indicative singular third-person)
enterons (first-person future indicative plural)
enterez (future indicative plural second-person)
enteront (future indicative plural third-person)
enterais (conditional first-person singular)
enterais (conditional second-person singular)
enterait (conditional singular third-person)
enterions (conditional first-person plural)
enteriez (conditional plural second-person)
enteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ente (first-person present singular subjunctive)
entes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ente (present singular subjunctive third-person)
entions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
entiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
entent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
entasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
entasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
entât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
entassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
entassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
entassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ente (imperative second-person singular)
entons (first-person imperative plural)
entez (imperative plural second-person)

From a Vulgar Latin *imptāre, contraction of *imputāre (“to graft”) (unrelated to Latin imputō (“to reckon, attribute”)), from inpotus (attested in Salic Law), from Ancient Greek ἔμφυτος (émphutos, “planted”). The Greek word may have actually reached Gaul through traders at the Mediterranean coastal colonies before the Roman conquest.


doyen

fr-noun

doyen m (plural doyens, feminine doyenne)

Inherited from Old French deien, from Late Latin decānus, from Latin decem.


bœuf

bœufs (plural)
boeuf (alternative nonstandard)

Haitian Creole: bèf

Inherited from Middle French bœuf, from Old French buef, boef, from Latin bovem (“ox”), from Proto-Italic *gʷōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (compare English cow).
The music sense derives from the expression “faire un Bœuf”, after the Parisian cabaret-bar Le Bœuf sur le toit where jam sessions were held.

faire un bœuf


limousine

→ Dutch: limousine

→ English: limousine

→ German: Limousine

desc

→ Portuguese: limusine, limusina, limousine

→ Russian: лимузи́н (limuzín) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: limuzin

From the name of the former French region Limousin, from Limoges. The naming of the car is sometimes attributed to Limoges-born engineer Charles Jeantaud.

(fashion) traditional woolen cloak from Haute-Vienne


coupe

→ English: coupe

Inherited from Old French cope, cupe, from Late Latin cuppa, from Latin cūpa. Doublet of cuve. The sports sense is a semantic loan from English cup.


transformation

fr-noun

transformation f (plural transformations)

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin trānsfōrmātiōnem, from Latin trānsfōrmō.


nœud

Inherited from Old French neu, from Latin nōdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gned-, *gnod- (“to bind”). Doublet of knout.


fer

Antillean Creole: fè

Haitian Creole: fè

Karipúna Creole French: fé

Louisiana Creole: fèr, fè

Inherited from Middle French fer, from Old French fer, from Latin ferrum.

croix de bois, croix de fer, si je mens, je vais en enfer


roux

Inherited from Old French ros, from Latin russus.

(cooking) roux (a mixture of fat and flour)


pile

→ English: pile

→ Haitian Creole: anpil

→ Khmer: ពិល (pɨl)

→ Malagasy: pila

→ Rade: pil

→ Turkish: pil (“battery”)

→ Vietnamese: pin

Inherited from Old French, from Latin pīla (through Italian pila for the “battery” sense). The “tail of a coin” sense is probably derived from previous senses, but it's not known for sure.


par

Inherited from Middle French par, from Old French par, from Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri.


performance

→ Turkish: performans


pirouette

→ Catalan: pirueta

→ Dutch: pirouette

→ English: pirouette

→ German: Pirouette

→ Italian: piroetta

→ Polish: piruet

→ Portuguese: pirueta

→ Russian: пируэ́т (piruét)

From a Gallo-Roman root *pir- („peg, plug“, hence Italian piruolo (“peg top”)) and -ette (diminutive suffix). The word originally meant a “spinning top” (15th century).

(sports, equestrians) a whirling volt movement made by a horse


bleu

Haitian Creole: ble

→ Greek: μπλε (ble)

→ Italian: blu

→ Ladino: blu

Louisiana Creole: blé, ble

Inherited from Middle French bleu, from Old French blöe, bleve, blef, bleu (“blue”), from Late Latin blāvus, from Frankish *blāu (“blue”), from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₁-, *bʰlh₁-, *bʰleh₁- (“yellow, grey, blue”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to shine”). Cognate with Old High German blāo (“blue”) (German blau), Dutch blauw (“blue”), Old English blāw (“blue”). More at blue.


formule

→ Turkish: formül

→ Persian: فرمول (formul)

Je vais prendre la formule plat-dessert.

I'll have the main dish with dessert set meal.


agitato

Borrowed from Italian agitato. Doublet of agité.


ayatollah

Borrowed from Iranian Persian آیتالله (âyatollâh), from Arabic آيَةُ اللّٰه (ʔāyatu llāh, “sign of God”, from آيَة (ʔāya, “sign”) + اللّٰه (allāh, “God”)).

der

آيَةُ اللّٰه


avant

Inherited from Middle French avant, from Old French avant (“before, prior in time, forward”), from Late Latin ab ante (“before, in front of”), from Latin ab (“from”) + ante (“before”).


œuf

→ English: oeuf

⇒? English: love (“score of zero”)

Haitian Creole: ze

→ Limburgish: äöf

Inherited from Middle French œuf, from Old French oef, from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum. Compare Occitan uòu.

on ne fait pas d'omelette sans casser des œufs


jazz

Borrowed from English jazz. The compound jazband is attested in a 1918 copy of Le Matin.


malin

fr-adj

malin (feminine maligne or maline, masculine plural malins, feminine plural malignes or malines)

maligne (feminine)
maline (feminine)
malins (masculine plural)
malignes (feminine plural)
malines (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French malin(g), backformation from Old French maligne m (12th c.), a borrowing from Latin malignus. Compare the same backformation in bénin and, on the other hand, the original common-gender form preserved in digne.

prendre un malin plaisir à faire quelque chose

to take perverse pleasure in doing something

(chiefly dated or biblical) malicious, sadistic (which likes to do or say hurtful things for fun)


quarte

quarte juste


quinte

quinte juste

quinte augmentée

quinte diminuée

fausse quinte

(music) fifth (musical interval), quintus (choir)


pal

From Old French pal (12th c.), variant of pel, from Latin pālus (“stake, pole”). Doublet of pieu. The Trésor informatisé considers Old French pal a learned borrowing, but it might be a dialectal variant instead.


za

(obsolete, music) solfège syllable formerly used to represent B flat


chorus

Borrowed from Latin chorus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós). Doublet of chœur.


twister

twister (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
twistant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
twisté (participle past)
twiste (first-person indicative present singular)
twistes (indicative present second-person singular)
twiste (indicative present singular third-person)
twistons (first-person indicative plural present)
twistez (indicative plural present second-person)
twistent (indicative plural present third-person)
twistais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
twistais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
twistait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
twistions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
twistiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
twistaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
twistai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
twistas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
twista (historic indicative past singular third-person)
twistâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
twistâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
twistèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
twisterai (first-person future indicative singular)
twisteras (future indicative second-person singular)
twistera (future indicative singular third-person)
twisterons (first-person future indicative plural)
twisterez (future indicative plural second-person)
twisteront (future indicative plural third-person)
twisterais (conditional first-person singular)
twisterais (conditional second-person singular)
twisterait (conditional singular third-person)
twisterions (conditional first-person plural)
twisteriez (conditional plural second-person)
twisteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
twiste (first-person present singular subjunctive)
twistes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
twiste (present singular subjunctive third-person)
twistions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
twistiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
twistent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
twistasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
twistasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
twistât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
twistassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
twistassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
twistassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
twiste (imperative second-person singular)
twistons (first-person imperative plural)
twistez (imperative plural second-person)


verse

fr-noun

verse f (countable and uncountable, plural verses)

(agriculture) lodging (bending of the stems of crops which reduces yield)

(especially BDSM) One who is willing to take either a submissive or a dominant role in a sexual relationship; a switch.


épée

Inherited from Middle French espee, from Old French espee, from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē). Doublet of spathe, a borrowing from Latin, and espade, a borrowing from Occitan.

(heraldry) sword; the weapon as shown on a coat of arms


judoka

judoka m or f by sense (plural judokas, feminine judokate)


(sexuality) Alternative form of soixante-neuf


cure

Inherited from Middle French cure, from Old French cure, from Latin cūra, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeys- (“to heed”).


lier

lier (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
liant (gerund participle present)
liant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
lié (participle past)
lié (participle past)
lie (first-person indicative present singular)
lies (indicative present second-person singular)
lie (indicative present singular third-person)
lions (first-person indicative plural present)
lions (first-person indicative plural present)
liez (indicative plural present second-person)
liez (indicative plural present second-person)
lient (indicative plural present third-person)
liais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
liais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
liais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
liais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
liait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
liait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
liions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
liiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
liaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
liaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
liai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
liai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lia (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lia (historic indicative past singular third-person)
liâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
liâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
liâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
liâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lierai (first-person future indicative singular)
lierai (first-person future indicative singular)
lieras (future indicative second-person singular)
lieras (future indicative second-person singular)
liera (future indicative singular third-person)
liera (future indicative singular third-person)
lierons (first-person future indicative plural)
lierons (first-person future indicative plural)
lierez (future indicative plural second-person)
lierez (future indicative plural second-person)
lieront (future indicative plural third-person)
lieront (future indicative plural third-person)
lierais (conditional first-person singular)
lierais (conditional first-person singular)
lierais (conditional second-person singular)
lierais (conditional second-person singular)
lierait (conditional singular third-person)
lierait (conditional singular third-person)
lierions (conditional first-person plural)
lierions (conditional first-person plural)
lieriez (conditional plural second-person)
lieriez (conditional plural second-person)
lieraient (conditional plural third-person)
lieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
lie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
liions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
liiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
liasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
liasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
liasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
liasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
liât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
liât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
liassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
liassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
liassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
liassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lie (imperative second-person singular)
lions (first-person imperative plural)
lions (first-person imperative plural)
liez (imperative plural second-person)
liez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Dutch: liëren

→ German: liieren

Inherited from Old French lier, from Latin ligāre, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (“to bind”).

lier une sauce


tierce

Inherited from Old French tierce, tiers, from Latin tertia.


charge

→ Brazilian Portuguese: charge

→ Romanian: șarjă

→ Turkish: şarj, şarz (misspelling)

Inherited from Middle French charge, from Old French charge, carge, equivalent to a deverbal from charger.


mordant

(music) mordent (ornament consisting of a single alternation between a given pitch and the one immediately below it)


col

→ Hausa: kwal

Inherited from Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.


vêtement

Inherited from Old French vestement, from Latin vestīmentum.

SCHWERIN De gueules, au vêtement d'argent. […]

1892, Pierre-Barthélemy Gheusi, Le blason héraldique: manuel nouveau de l'art héraldique de la science du blason et de la polychromie féodale d'après les règles du Moyen Age, page 45:

(heraldry) a set of four triangles covering the corners of the shield, leaving a lozenge of the field (the edges of which reach the edges of the shield) in the middle (compare vêtu)


expulsion

(sports) sending-off, red card, dismissal


triple

Semi-learned term resulting from a modification, under the influence of the Latin etymology, of Old French treble, itself from Latin triplus.

une triple croche


rampant

fr-adj

rampant (feminine rampante, masculine plural rampants, feminine plural rampantes)

rampante (feminine)
rampants (masculine plural)
rampantes (feminine plural)


voix

Inherited from Middle French voix, from Old French voiz, from Latin vōcem, accusative of vōx (“voice”), from Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs.


cunnilingus

cunnilingus (plural)
cunni (alternative clipping)

From Latin cunnus and lingō (“to lick”).

Le cunnilingus est une pratique sexuelle orale qui consiste à stimuler les différentes parties des organes génitaux féminins à l'aide de la langue, des lèvres ou du nez.

Cunnilingus is an oral sex act that consists of stimulating different parts of the female genitalia with the help of the tongue, lips or the nose.


dramaturge

fr-noun

dramaturge m or f by sense (plural dramaturges)

dramatij

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δραματουργός (dramatourgós).

lbor

δραματουργός

(theater) playwright (writer of plays for the theatre)


assai

Borrowed from Italian assai. Doublet of assez.


atonal

fr-adj

atonal (feminine atonale, masculine plural atonals or atonaux, feminine plural atonales)

atonale (feminine)
atonals (masculine plural)
atonaux (masculine plural)
atonales (feminine plural)


barre

→ English: barre

→ Romanian: bară

→ Vietnamese: ba-rê

From Middle French barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Frankish *bara (“bar, beam, barrier, fence”), from Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce”).
If so, then cognate with Old High German para, bara (“bar, beam, one's cherished land”), Middle Dutch bāre, baer (“bar, barrier, rail”), Old Frisian ber (“attack, assault”), Swedish bärling (“a spoke”), Norwegian berling (“a small bar in a vehicle, rod”), Latin forus (“gangway, plank”), Russian забо́р (zabór, “fencing, paling, fence”), Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros, “piece of land, furrow, marker, beacon, lighthouse”).
An alternative etymology derives Old French barre and Vulgar Latin *barra from a Celtic source related to Breton barri (“branch, twig”).
Doublet of bar.


caddy

Borrowed from English caddy. Doublet of cadet.

Then I talked to his caddy.

2016 [2014], Nora Roberts, Crime en fête, translation of Festive in Death:


civet

(cooking) ragout (“stew”) of hare, rabbit or wild mammal, with red wine and onions, bound with the animal’s blood


crux

Borrowed from English crux. Doublet of croix, croiseur, and cruiser.

(climbing) crux (hardest point of a climb)


filet

→ Turkish: file

Inherited from Old French filé (past participle of filer), with change of suffix.


lobber

lobber (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
lobbant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
lobbé (participle past)
lobbe (first-person indicative present singular)
lobbes (indicative present second-person singular)
lobbe (indicative present singular third-person)
lobbons (first-person indicative plural present)
lobbez (indicative plural present second-person)
lobbent (indicative plural present third-person)
lobbais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lobbais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lobbait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lobbions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lobbiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lobbaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lobbai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lobbas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lobba (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lobbâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
lobbâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lobbèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lobberai (first-person future indicative singular)
lobberas (future indicative second-person singular)
lobbera (future indicative singular third-person)
lobberons (first-person future indicative plural)
lobberez (future indicative plural second-person)
lobberont (future indicative plural third-person)
lobberais (conditional first-person singular)
lobberais (conditional second-person singular)
lobberait (conditional singular third-person)
lobberions (conditional first-person plural)
lobberiez (conditional plural second-person)
lobberaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
lobbe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lobbes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lobbe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lobbions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lobbiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lobbent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lobbasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lobbasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lobbât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lobbassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lobbassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lobbassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lobbe (imperative second-person singular)
lobbons (first-person imperative plural)
lobbez (imperative plural second-person)


loge

→ German: Loge

→ Dutch: loge

→ Macedonian: ложа (loža)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: losje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: losje

→ Polish: loża

→ Russian: ло́жа (lóža)

→ Persian: لژ (lož)

→ Swedish: loge

→ Ukrainian: ло́жа (lóža)

Inherited from Middle French loge, from Old French loge. The Masonic sense developed under influence from English lodge.

etymon

(theater, television) dressing room (a room in a theatre or other performance venue in which performers may change costumes and apply makeup)


sou

→ English: sou

Louisiana Creole: sou

Inherited from Old French, inherited from Late Latin soldus, from Latin solidus. Doublet of solide. See also the form sol, which kept the historical spelling from Old French, even if it came to be pronounced like sou.

(historical, numismatics) sou (old French coin)


vanner

vanner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
vannant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
vanné (participle past)
vanne (first-person indicative present singular)
vannes (indicative present second-person singular)
vanne (indicative present singular third-person)
vannons (first-person indicative plural present)
vannez (indicative plural present second-person)
vannent (indicative plural present third-person)
vannais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vannais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vannait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vannions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vanniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vannaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vannai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
vannas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
vanna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
vannâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vannâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
vannèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
vannerai (first-person future indicative singular)
vanneras (future indicative second-person singular)
vannera (future indicative singular third-person)
vannerons (first-person future indicative plural)
vannerez (future indicative plural second-person)
vanneront (future indicative plural third-person)
vannerais (conditional first-person singular)
vannerais (conditional second-person singular)
vannerait (conditional singular third-person)
vannerions (conditional first-person plural)
vanneriez (conditional plural second-person)
vanneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
vanne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vannes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vanne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vannions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vanniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vannent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vannasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vannasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vannât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vannassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vannassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vannassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vanne (imperative second-person singular)
vannons (first-person imperative plural)
vannez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin vannāre, from Latin vannere, vannō.

(cooking) to stir (a sauce or soup) to avoid the formation of a skin


breaker

breaker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
breakant (gerund participle present)
breakant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
breaké (participle past)
breaké (participle past)
breake (first-person indicative present singular)
breakes (indicative present second-person singular)
breake (indicative present singular third-person)
breakons (first-person indicative plural present)
breakons (first-person indicative plural present)
breakez (indicative plural present second-person)
breakez (indicative plural present second-person)
breakent (indicative plural present third-person)
breakais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
breakais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
breakais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
breakais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
breakait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
breakait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
breakions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
breakions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
breakiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
breakiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
breakaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
breakaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
breakai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
breakai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
breakas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
breakas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
breaka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
breaka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
breakâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
breakâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
breakâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
breakâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
breakèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
breakèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
breakerai (first-person future indicative singular)
breakerai (first-person future indicative singular)
breakeras (future indicative second-person singular)
breakeras (future indicative second-person singular)
breakera (future indicative singular third-person)
breakera (future indicative singular third-person)
breakerons (first-person future indicative plural)
breakerons (first-person future indicative plural)
breakerez (future indicative plural second-person)
breakerez (future indicative plural second-person)
breakeront (future indicative plural third-person)
breakeront (future indicative plural third-person)
breakerais (conditional first-person singular)
breakerais (conditional first-person singular)
breakerais (conditional second-person singular)
breakerais (conditional second-person singular)
breakerait (conditional singular third-person)
breakerait (conditional singular third-person)
breakerions (conditional first-person plural)
breakerions (conditional first-person plural)
breakeriez (conditional plural second-person)
breakeriez (conditional plural second-person)
breakeraient (conditional plural third-person)
breakeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
breake (first-person present singular subjunctive)
breakes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
breake (present singular subjunctive third-person)
breakions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
breakions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
breakiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
breakiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
breakent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
breakasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
breakasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
breakasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
breakasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
breakât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
breakât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
breakassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
breakassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
breakassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
breakassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
breakassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
breakassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
breake (imperative second-person singular)
breakons (first-person imperative plural)
breakons (first-person imperative plural)
breakez (imperative plural second-person)
breakez (imperative plural second-person)

(tennis) to break (win a game when receiving)


caper

caper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
capant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
capé (participle past)
cape (first-person indicative present singular)
capes (indicative present second-person singular)
cape (indicative present singular third-person)
capons (first-person indicative plural present)
capez (indicative plural present second-person)
capent (indicative plural present third-person)
capais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
capais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
capait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
capions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
capiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
capaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
capai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
capas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
capa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
capâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
capâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
capèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
caperai (first-person future indicative singular)
caperas (future indicative second-person singular)
capera (future indicative singular third-person)
caperons (first-person future indicative plural)
caperez (future indicative plural second-person)
caperont (future indicative plural third-person)
caperais (conditional first-person singular)
caperais (conditional second-person singular)
caperait (conditional singular third-person)
caperions (conditional first-person plural)
caperiez (conditional plural second-person)
caperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
cape (first-person present singular subjunctive)
capes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cape (present singular subjunctive third-person)
capions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
capiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
capent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
capasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
capasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
capât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
capassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
capassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
capassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cape (imperative second-person singular)
capons (first-person imperative plural)
capez (imperative plural second-person)

(sports) to cap (award a player a cap for playing for their national team)


champ

→ English: champ

Inherited from Middle French champ, from Old French champ m, inherited from Latin campus m (“field”). Doublet of camp m and campus m.

(heraldry) the background of a shield's design

field in its various senses, including:
the background of a shield's design


chef

Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.

d'or au chef de gueules

(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms


cuvette

→ English: cuvette

→ German: Küvette

→ Portuguese: cuvete

→ Romanian: chiuvetă

→ Turkish: küvet


fanfare

→ Turkish: fanfar

Probably from Arabic فَرْفَار (farfār); see fanfaron (“boaster”).


farce

→ Catalan: farsa

→ Danish: fars

→ Icelandic: fars

→ English: farce

→ German: Farce

→ Interlingua: farsa

→ Italian: farsa

→ Macedonian: фарса (farsa)

→ Polish: farsa, farsz

→ Portuguese: farsa

→ Romanian: farsă

→ Russian: фарс (fars), фарш (farš)

→ Spanish: farsa

→ Swedish: fars, färs

→ Ukrainian: фарс (fars), фарш (farš)

Dictionnaire de la langue française
Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
Émile Littré

Inherited from Old French farse, from Medieval Latin farsa, feminine perfect passive participle from farcīre, from farciō (“to stuff”). The theatre sense alludes to the pleasant and varied character of certain stuffed food items.


partisan

fr-noun

partisan m (plural partisans, feminine partisane)


plaque

→ Persian: پلاک (pelâk)

From Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from *Old Dutch plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).


prise

→ Dutch: prise

→ Greek: πρίζα (príza)

→ Persian: پریز (periz)

→ Romanian: priză

→ Turkish: priz


rapper

(music) to speak (lyrics) in the style of rap music


rapper

rappers (plural)
rappeur (alternative common)


roulette

→ Catalan: ruleta

→ Czech: ruleta

→ Danish: roulette, roulet

→ English: roulette

→ Galician: ruleta

→ German: Roulette (see there for further descendants)

→ Italian: roulette

→ Japanese: ルーレット

→ Norwegian Bokmål: rulett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rulett

→ Portuguese: roleta

→ Spanish: ruleta

→ Swedish: roulett

→ Thai: รูเล็ตต์ (ruu-lèt)


sanguine

(heraldry) a tincture, seldom used, of a blood-red colour (not to be confused with murrey, which is mûre in French)


soubrette

(theater) maid (female servant (role) in a theatrical performance)


argent

Haitian Creole: ajan

Louisiana Creole: larjên

Inherited from Middle French argent m, from Old French argent m, from Latin argentum n (according to the TLFi etymological dictionary, a borrowing), itself from Proto-Italic *argentom n, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm n, from *h₂erǵ- (“white”).

né avec une cuillère d'argent dans la bouche

né avec une cuillère en argent dans la bouche


quiche

→ Danish: quiche

→ Dutch: quiche

desctree

→ English: quiche
→ Japanese: キッシュ (kisshu)
→ Korean: 키슈 (kisyu)

→ Esperanto: kiŝo

→ German: Quiche

→ Greek: κις (kis)

→ Polish: quiche, kisz

→ Portuguese: quiche

→ Russian: киш (kiš)

→ Spanish: quiche

→ Swedish: quiche

→ Thai: กิช (gìch)

From Lorraine Rhine Franconian Küeche, from Middle High German kuoche, from Old High German kuocho, kuohho, from Proto-Germanic *kōkô, from Proto-Indo-European *gog- (“ball-shaped object”). First attested in French in 1805. More at cake.


hors-d'œuvre

(cooking) appetizer, starter, hors d'oeuvre (small, light, and usually savory first course in a meal)


slacker

slacker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
slackant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
slacké (participle past)
slacke (first-person indicative present singular)
slackes (indicative present second-person singular)
slacke (indicative present singular third-person)
slackons (first-person indicative plural present)
slackez (indicative plural present second-person)
slackent (indicative plural present third-person)
slackais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
slackais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
slackait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
slackions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
slackiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
slackaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
slackai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
slackas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
slacka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
slackâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
slackâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
slackèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
slackerai (first-person future indicative singular)
slackeras (future indicative second-person singular)
slackera (future indicative singular third-person)
slackerons (first-person future indicative plural)
slackerez (future indicative plural second-person)
slackeront (future indicative plural third-person)
slackerais (conditional first-person singular)
slackerais (conditional second-person singular)
slackerait (conditional singular third-person)
slackerions (conditional first-person plural)
slackeriez (conditional plural second-person)
slackeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
slacke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
slackes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
slacke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
slackions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
slackiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
slackent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
slackasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
slackasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
slackât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
slackassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
slackassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
slackassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
slacke (imperative second-person singular)
slackons (first-person imperative plural)
slackez (imperative plural second-person)


squat

C'est Vlad Alhazov qui détient le record du monde au squat, avec 1250lbs (566,99 kilo).


blues

(music) blues (musical genre of African American origin)


pivot

Inherited from Old French pivot, of uncertain origin. Compare Catalan piu (“pivot”), Spanish púa (“sharp point, spike”).

Pivot (basket-ball) on the French Wikipedia.Wikipedia ᶠʳ

Pivot (handball) on the French Wikipedia.Wikipedia ᶠʳ


variation

→ Persian: واریاسیون (vâriyâsiyon)

→ Turkish: varyasyon

Audio

Learned borrowing from Latin variātiō. By surface analysis, varier + -ation. See also véraison.

Coordinate term: thème

(music) variation (technique where material is repeated with alterations to the melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre, texture, counterpoint or orchestration; but with some invariant characteristic, e.g. a ground bass)


étoile

Haitian Creole: zetwal

Mauritian Creole: zetwal

Seychellois Creole: zetwal

→ English: étoile, etoile

→ Italian: étoile

From Middle French estoile, from Old French estoile, esteile, from Late Latin stēla, from Latin stēlla. Doublet of Estelle.

صَبْحَة (ṣabḥa) (M), صُبْحَة (ṣubḥa) (Bc), étoile, marque blanche sur le front d’un cheval ou d’un taureau, pelote.

1881, Reinhart Pieter Anne Dozy, “étoile”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes, volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 814

… a white mark on the forehead of a horse or bull …

(agriculture) a white mark on the forehead of a horse or bull


diabolo

→ Portuguese: diabolô, diábolo


fondant

fr-adj

fondant (feminine fondante, masculine plural fondants, feminine plural fondantes)

fondante (feminine)
fondants (masculine plural)
fondantes (feminine plural)

(heraldry) stooping, as for prey; describes an eagle, falcon, etc. flying downward


voile

Inherited from Old French voile, veile, veille, from Vulgar Latin *vēla, from the plural of Latin vēlum, from Proto-Indo-European.

La voile, il n'y a rien de mieux pour se détendre ! J'en ai fait tout le week-end.

Sailing, there's nothing better for relaxing! I did it all weekend.


fugue

fr:Fugue
fr:Fugue (fuite du domicile familial)

→ English: fugue

→ Persian: فوگ (fug)

→ Turkish: füg

Ca. 1600, borrowed in the musical sense from Italian fuga, itself a borrowing from Latin fuga. Doublet of fougue (from the inherited Italian cognate). The sense “flight” (18th c.) may be a new borrowing from the Italian.


bain-marie

bains-marie (plural)
bain de Marie (alternative)

→ German: Bain-Marie

→ English: bain-marie

→ Italian: bagnomaria (calque)

→ Polish: bemar

→ Portuguese: banho-maria (calque)

→ Spanish: baño maría (calque)

Calque of Medieval Latin balneum Mariae (literally “Maria's bath”), a reference to the early alchemist Maria Prophetissima (also known as Mary the Jewess).

clq

1836, Burnet (M), Dictionnaire de cuisine et d'économie ménagère: à l'usage des maîtres et maîtresses de maison, fermiers, maîtres-d'hôtel, chefs de cuisine, chefs d'office, restaurateurs, pâtissiers, marchands de comestibles, confiseurs, distillateurs, &c. ..., page 35

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

On met les bouteilles dans le bain-marie, le goulot et le bouchon hors de l'eau, et on allume. Le bain-marie peut se faire dans toute espèce de chaudière ou de vase rempli d'eau que l'on fait bouillir. Quand les bouteilles ont passé dans le ...

(cooking) double boiler, bain-marie (hot water bath made out of two containers)


mouiller

mouiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
mouillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
mouillé (participle past)
mouille (first-person indicative present singular)
mouilles (indicative present second-person singular)
mouille (indicative present singular third-person)
mouillons (first-person indicative plural present)
mouillez (indicative plural present second-person)
mouillent (indicative plural present third-person)
mouillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mouillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mouillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mouillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mouilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mouillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mouillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
mouillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
mouilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
mouillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
mouillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
mouillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
mouillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
mouilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
mouillera (future indicative singular third-person)
mouillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
mouillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
mouilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
mouillerais (conditional first-person singular)
mouillerais (conditional second-person singular)
mouillerait (conditional singular third-person)
mouillerions (conditional first-person plural)
mouilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
mouilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
mouille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mouilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mouille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mouillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mouilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mouillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mouillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mouillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mouillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mouillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mouillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mouillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mouille (imperative second-person singular)
mouillons (first-person imperative plural)
mouillez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French moillier, from Vulgar Latin *molliāre (“soak”), a verb based on Latin mollis (“soft”). Compare Occitan molhar.


solo

Borrowed from Italian solo. Doublet of seul.

(music) solo (a piece of music for one performer)


magnum

(wine) a bottle of wine containing 1.5 liters of fluid, double the volume of a standard bottle


composition

→ Korean: 콩포지숑 (kongpojisyong) (rare)

→ Turkish: kompozisyon

Inherited from Old French composicion, borrowed from Latin compositiōnem.


élan

→ Czech: elán

→ English: élan

→ German: Elan

→ Portuguese: elã, élan

→ Romanian: elan


essence

→ Dutch: essence

→ Finnish: esanssi

→ Romanian: esență

→ Turkish: esans

→ Vietnamese: ét-xăng

From Old French, from Latin essentia. Sense 2 very likely from Latin edō (“eat”), in the sense of 'what is eaten, fuel'. Many forms of the latter are indistinguishable from the former, and so the confusion with essence is very understandable.


abaisser

abaisser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
abaissant (gerund participle present)
abaissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abaissé (participle past)
abaissé (participle past)
abaisse (first-person indicative present singular)
abaisses (indicative present second-person singular)
abaisse (indicative present singular third-person)
abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
abaissent (indicative plural present third-person)
abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
abaisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abaisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abaisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abaissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abaisse (imperative second-person singular)
abaissons (first-person imperative plural)
abaissons (first-person imperative plural)
abaissez (imperative plural second-person)
abaissez (imperative plural second-person)
s'abaisser (infinitive)
s'être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
s'abaissant (gerund participle present)
s'abaissant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abaissé (participle past)
abaissé (participle past)
m'abaisse (first-person indicative present singular)
t'abaisses (indicative present second-person singular)
s'abaisse (indicative present singular third-person)
nous abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
nous abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
vous abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
vous abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
s'abaissent (indicative plural present third-person)
m'abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
m'abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
t'abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
t'abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
s'abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
s'abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nous abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nous abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vous abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vous abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
s'abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
s'abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
m'abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
m'abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
t'abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
t'abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
s'abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
s'abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
nous abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
nous abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vous abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
vous abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
s'abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
s'abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
m'abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
m'abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
t'abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
t'abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
s'abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
s'abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
nous abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
nous abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
vous abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
vous abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
s'abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
s'abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
m'abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
m'abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
t'abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
t'abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
s'abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
s'abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
nous abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
nous abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
vous abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
vous abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
s'abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
s'abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of s'être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of s'être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
m'abaisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
t'abaisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
s'abaisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nous abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
nous abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vous abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vous abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
s'abaissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
m'abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
m'abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
t'abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
t'abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
s'abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
s'abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nous abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nous abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vous abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vous abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
s'abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
s'abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abaisse-toi (imperative second-person singular)
abaissons-nous (first-person imperative plural)
abaissons-nous (first-person imperative plural)
abaissez-vous (imperative plural second-person)
abaissez-vous (imperative plural second-person)

English: to abase

Mauritian Creole: abese

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French abaissier, from a (“to, towards”) + baissier (“to lower”). See Modern French à, baisser.


affetto

Shortened from the Italian musical direction con affetto.


fond

→ Bulgarian: фонд (fond)

→ Czech: fond

→ Dutch: fonds

→ English: fund

→ German: Fond

→ Norwegian: fond

→ Russian: фон (fon)

→ Scots: fond

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фо̏нд

Latin script: fȍnd

→ Swedish: fond

→ Turkish: fon

→ Ukrainian: фон (fon)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin fundus. Doublet of fonds.