Soloviev

Соловьёв Соловьёв#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Соловьёв (Solovʹjóv).


Kalouga

Kaluga (a city, the capital of Kaluga Oblast, Russia)


Solovioff

Borrowed from Russian Соловьёв (Solovʹjóv).

bor+

a surname from Russian, equivalent to English Solovyov


Carie

From Latin Caria, from Ancient Greek Κᾱρίᾱ (Kāríā).

Holonym: Anatolie


Potet

English: Potet


lac Poyang

Partial calque of Chinese 鄱阳湖 (Póyáng Hú).


Parly

English: Parly

Parly (a commune of the Yonne department, Bourgogne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)


FUNCINPEC

(Cambodia) Initialism of Front uni national pour un Cambodge indépendant, neutre, pacifique, et coopératif (“United National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia”).


apocoloquintose

Learned borrowing from Latin apocolocyntōsis.


Yahyaoui

Borrowed from Arabic الْيَحْيَاوِي (al-yaḥyāwī).

bor+

الْيَحْيَاوِي

Amira Yahyaoui, b. 1984


Lesquin

→ English: Lesquin

Lesquin (a town in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Guillard

→ English: Guillard

Uncertain. Probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *Wiljaharduz, from Proto-Germanic *wiljô (“will, wish, desire”) + Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard, brave”). (Old French *Guilhard?)


Fouillet

English: Fouillet

Historically most prevalent in Deux-Sèvres.


Stépanoff

Borrowed from Russian Степа́нов (Stepánov).

bor+

Степа́нов Степанов#Russian

(dated) A transliteration of the Russian surname Степа́нов (Stepánov).


Pouyanne

English: Pouyanne


Poilâne

Translingual: poilanei

Historically most prevalent in Maine-et-Loire.


île des Rimains

An island in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, France


île de Nôle

Holonym: archipel charentais

An island in the Charente-Maritime department, France


île d'Oléron

Holonym: archipel charentais

Meronym: Saint-Trojan-les-Bains

An island in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France


île de Ré

Holonym: archipel charentais


Itchkérie

Borrowed from Russian Ичкерия (Ičkerija).

(historical) Ichkeria (a region of Chechnya)


Royan

→ English: Royan

Royan (a town in the Charente-Maritime department, France)


Lehri

Borrowed from Arabic لهري or Moroccan Amazigh.

Khenifra Province
Khenifra Province#English

Lehri (a village in Khenifra Province, Morocco)


Corre

English: Corre

Borrowed from Breton. Historically most prevalent in the Finistère department.

a surname from Breton, equivalent to English Corre


Savignac

English: Savignac

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Aveyron.

a surname from Occitan, equivalent to English Savignac


Le Corre

English: Le Corre

le + Corre, from Breton. Historically most prevalent in the Finistère department.

a surname from Breton, equivalent to English Le Corre


Vandeputte

Borrowed from Dutch van de Putte. Equivalent of Dupuits.


R. F.

République française
République française#French


Matthieussent

Brice Matthieussent, b. 1950


Lafaye

English: Lafaye


Laffaye

English: Laffaye

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Hautes-Pyrénées.

a surname, equivalent to English Laffaye


Lafaille

English: Lafaille

a surname, equivalent to English Lafaille


UdeS

Abbreviation of Université de Sherbrooke.


UQÀM

Alternative form of UQAM (“Université du Québec à Montréal”)


UQAM

UQAM (“University of Quebec at Montreal”): Acronym of Université du Québec à Montréal.


Paralieu

Borrowed from Occitan Paralieu. Originating from Béarn.


Sganzin

Translingual: sganzianus, sganzini


Cleenewerck

English: Cleenewerck

Borrowed from Dutch. In France, historically most prevalent in Nord.

a surname, equivalent to English Cleenewerck


Jomard

Historically most prevalent in the Rhône department.


Palhassar

Borrowed from Occitan Palhassar. Apparently extinct.


Ouerbou

Borrowed from Occitan Uerbo, from Old Occitan Oerbo. Apparently extinct.


Oustric

Borrowed from Occitan Ostric. Originating from Languedoc, ultimately from a Germanic language.


Fulvie

A female given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Fulvia


Mossadegh

مصدق مصدق#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian surname مصدق.


Flavie

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Flavia


Gavarnie

Gavarnie (a former commune and town in Hautes-Pyrénées, Midi-Pyrénées, region of Occitania, France, merged into Gavarnie-Gèdre)


Ponant

La Sicile était la plus florissante des colonies grecques du Ponant.

Sicily was the most prosperous of the Greek colonies in the western Mediterranean.


Hiéron

Borrowed from Latin Hierō, from Ancient Greek Ἱέρων (Hiérōn).

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Hiero


Syène

Borrowed from Latin Syene, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Συήνη (Suḗnē).


Panchard

English: Panchard

Absent from France, originating from Switzerland.

a surname, equivalent to English Panchard


DcamC

dessin de camouflage canadien
dessin de camouflage canadien#French

(Canada, military) CADPAT (“Canadian disruption pattern”): Abbreviation of dessin de camouflage canadien.


Caralp

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Ariège.


Escaich

English: Escaich


Barrelier

→ Translingual: Barrel., barrelieri

→ English: Barrelier

Jacques Barrelier, b. 1606


Marzocchi

a surname from Italian, equivalent to English Marzocchi


Belleterre

Compound of beau (“beautiful”) + terre (“earth, land”). Originally the name of a mine.

af

A city in Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Duhamel-Ouest

Derived from the surname Duhamel and ouest (“west”). The municipality is named after bishop Joseph-Thomas Duhamel (1841 - 1909).

A municipality of Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Laniel

The territory is named after oblate Armand Laniel (1866 - 1928).

An unorganised territory in Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Fugèreville

Derived from Fugère (“a surname”) + -ville. The municipality is named after the founder of the local Catholich parish, Joseph-Armand Fugère.


Guérin

The municipality is named after physician and politician James John Edmund Guerin (1856–1932).

A township municipality of Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Kipawa

Derived from an Algonquin term meaning "it is closed", referring to the labyrinthine Lake Kipawa.


Latulipe-et-Gaboury

The united municipality is named after the former townships of Latulipe and Gaboury.

A united township municipality in Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Les Lacs-du-Témiscamingue

fr-proper noun

Les Lacs-du-Témiscamingue m pl (plural only)

Derived from the plural form of lac (“lake”) and the toponym Témiscamingue.


Ville-Marie

Derived from ville (“city”) and the name Marie. The city is named after Saint Mary.


Rémigny

The municipality is named after French military officer Luc-Angélique de Rémigny.


Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues

Derived from the name of Eugène de Mazenod (1782 - 1861) and the surname of Catholic bishop Joseph-Bruno Guigues (1805 - 1874).


Saint-Édouard-de-Fabre

Derived from the name of Saint Edward and the surname of Catholic bishop Édouard-Charles Fabre (1827 - 1896).

A parish municipality of Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Témiscaming

Derived from the name of lac Témiscamingue, derived in turn from the Algonquin terms tim (“deep”), kami (“expanse of water”) and the locative element -ing (“in”).


Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues

Derived from the name of Bruno of Cologne (1030 - 1101) and the surname of Catholic bishop Joseph-Bruno Guigues (1805 - 1874).


Notre-Dame-du-Nord

Derived from a title of Saint Mary and the term nord (“north”). The toponym references the municipality's location to the north of lac Témiscamingue.


Nédélec

The municipality is named after priest Jean-Marie Nédélec (1834–1896).


Attale

Borrowed from Latin Attalus, itself from Ancient Greek Ἄτταλος (Áttalos).

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Attalus


Eumène

Borrowed from Latin Eumenēs, itself from Ancient Greek Εὐμένης (Euménēs).

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Eumenes


Cléricy

The neighbourhood is named after French military officer Honoré-Louis de Cléricy.

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Rouyn-Noranda, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Destor

The neighbourhood is named after a French military officer.


Évain

The neighbourhood is named after priest Isidore Évain (1868 - 1931).


Lorrainville

Compound of Lorrain (“a surname”) + -ville. The municipality is named after Catholic bishop Narcisse-Zéphirin Lorrain (1842 - 1915).


Bellecombe

The neighbourhood is named after French military officer Guillaume de Bellecombe (1728 - 1792).


Laverlochère-Angliers

The municipality is named after the former municipalities of Laverlochère and Angliers.


Montbeillard

The neighbourhood is named after French military officer Fiacre-François Potot de Montbeillard (1729 - 1778).

fr:Fiacre-François Potot de Montbeillard


Lac-Dufault

The neighbourhood is named after a nearby lake, named in turn after deputy minister of Colonisation, Mines and Fisheries Sergius Dufault.


Noranda

The neighbourhood is named after a former mine, the name of which derives from a contracted compound of nord (“north”) + Canada. The middle c of the compound was dropped as the result of a transcription error.

A neighbourhood and former city in Rouyn-Noranda, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Mont-Brun

Derived from mont (“mountain, hill”) and brun (“brown”), referring to a large fluvial clay deposit.


Authier

The municipality is named after Canadian politician and lawyer Hector Authier (1881 - 1971).

A municipality of Abitibi-Ouest, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Clerval

Likely derived from a compound of clair (“clear”) + val (“vale, valley”).


Antiochos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀντίοχος (Antíokhos).

bor+

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Antiochus


Duparquet

The city is named after French military officer Jean-Annet Chabreuil Du Parquet.

A city in Abitibi-Ouest, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Rollet

The neighbourhood is named after the first European inhabitant of Québec, Marie Rollet (1580 - 1649).


Gallichan

The municipality is named after one of its first inhabitants, sawmill owner François Gallichan.


La Reine

The municipality is named after a military regiment, named in turn after Anne of Austria (1601 - 1666).


La Sarre

The city is named after the La Sarre Regiment.


Chazel

The municipality is named after Canadian soldier Guillaume Chazel.


Authier-Nord

Derived from the toponym Authier and nord (“north”).


Rouyn

The neighbourhood is named after French military officer Jean-Baptiste de Rouyn.


Macamic

The city is named after a nearby lake, the name of which is derived from a Algonquin compound composed of mak (“crippled, lame”) and amik (“beaver”).


Normétal

Derived from the name of the Normetal Mining Corporation, derived from a contracted compound of English north and metal.


Poularies

The municipality is named after French military officer François-Médard de Poularies (b. 1717).


Roquemaure

The municipality is named after French military officer Jean-Georges Dejean de Roquemaure (1705 - 1779).


Rapide-Danseur

Derived from rapide (“rapids”) and danseur (“dancer”). The rapids may have been named for the rapid movement of the water across rocks. Alternatively, the term toponym may be a calque of an Algonquin name.


Palmarolle

The municipality is named after French military officer François-Pierre-André Bertrand de Palmarolle (1714 - 1760).

fr:François-Pierre-André Bertrand de Palmarolle


Val-Saint-Gilles

Derived from val (“valley, vale”) and the name of Saint Giles (around 650 - around 710).


Sainte-Hélène-de-Mancebourg

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Helena of Constantinople (c. 246/248 - c. 330) and a compound of Mance (“a surname”) + -bourg. The second element is a reference to co-founder of Montréal Jeanne Mance.

A parish municipality of Abitibi-Ouest, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.

Jeanne Mance
Saint Helena of Constantinople


Sainte-Germaine-Boulé

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Germaine Cousin (1579 - 1601) and the name of priest Auguste Boulet (1868 - 1959). It is less likely that the name Boulé refers to Hélène Boullé (1598 - 1654), wife of explorer Samuel de Champlain.


Taschereau

The municipality is named after prime minister of Québec Louis-Alexandre Taschereau (1867 - 1952).


Preissac

The municipality is named after a French military officer.

A municipality of Abitibi, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Barraute

The municipality is named after French military officer Pierre-Jean Bachoie (Bachois), dit Barraute (1723 - 1760).


Lac-Duparquet

Named after a lake within the territory, which is named in turn after French military officer Jean-Annet Chabreuil Du Parquet.

An unorganised territory in Abitibi-Ouest, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Rochebaucourt

The municipality is named after a French military officer known as Capitaine La Rochebaucourt.


Landrienne

The municipality is named after French colonial administrator Jean-Marie Landriève des Bordes (1712–1778).

A township municipality of Abitibi, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


La Motte

The municipality is named after French military officer Henri-Guillaume-Jérôme Vacquier de Lamotte.


Champneuf

Compound of champ (“field”) + neuf (“new”). The name was chosen by the parish priest as a reference to the virgin lands of the municipality.


La Corne

The municipality is named after French military officer Louis de La Corne (1703 - 1761).


Launay

The municipality is named after French military officer Jean-Baptiste Leporquier de Launay.


Trécesson

The municipality is named after French military officer Marie-Joseph Toussaint de Carné de Trécesson (1715–1760).

fr:Marie-Joseph Toussaint de Carné de Trécesson


Lac-Chicobi

The territory is named after a lake, the name of which derives in turn from a Native American term meaning "where there are no islands".

An unorganised territory in Abitibi, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Saint-Dominique-du-Rosaire

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Dominic de Guzmán (1170 - 1221) and rosaire (“rosary”).


Saint-Marc-de-Figuery

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Mark and the name of French military officer Étienne-Guillaume Figuery.

A parish municipality of Abitibi, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Saint-Mathieu-d'Harricana

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Matthew and the hydronym Haricana.


Malartic

The municipality is named after French colonial administrator and military officer Anne-Joseph-Hippolyte de Maurès de Malartic (1730–1800).

La Vallée-de-l'Or
La Vallée-de-l'Or#English

A city in La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.

fr:Anne-Joseph-Hippolyte de Maurès de Malartic


Lac-Metei

An unorganised territory in La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Sainte-Gertrude-Manneville

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Gertrude of Helfta (1256 - c. 1302) and the name of French military officer Pierre-Alexandre Canet de Manneville.


Lac-Despinassy

The territory is named after a lake, named in turn after French military officer Louis-Auguste-Victor Despinassy.


Lac-Granet

The name of the territory is derived from that of a nearby lake, which is named in turn after French military officer Alexis Granet.


Aumond

The municipality is named after lumber merchant Joseph-Ignace Aumond (1810–1879).

La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau
La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau#English

A township municipality of La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Senneterre

Both the city and the municipality are likely named after a French military officer from the Languedoc regiment.

A parish municipality of La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Matchi-Manitou

The territory is named after a lake, the name of which derives from the Algonquin terms matchi (“evil”) and manitou (“spirit”). The name of the lake is said to derive from an ill-fated hunted expedition leading to the loss of two canoes, after which the lake was avoided.


Réservoir-Dozois

The territory is named after a reservoir, named in turn after priest Nazaire-Servule Dozois (1859 - 1932).


Rivière-Héva

The municipality is named after a nearby river, the name of which is uncertain. The river may have been named after Éva Girard, the wife of surveyor Fernand Fafard (1882 - 1955). Alternatively, the name of the river may derive from Norman heve (“hollow rock”).

A municipality of La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Blue Sea

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of a nearby lake, which is derived in turn from English.

A municipality of La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Bois-Franc

Derived from bois franc (“hardwood”). The municipality is covered by hardwood forest.


Saint-Félix-de-Dalquier

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Pope Felix I (d. 274) and the name of French military officer Jean d'Alquier de Servian.

Pope Felix I
fr:Jean d'Alquier de Servian


Déléage

The municipality is named after priest Jean-François-Régis Déléage (1821 - 1884).


Cayamant

The municipality is named after a nearby lake, derived in turn from an Algonquin term meaning either "porcupine" or "lake with a large bay".


Maniwaki

The name of the city is derived from an Algonquin compound toponym derived from mani (“Mary, Maria”) (referring to Saint Mary) and aki (“land”). The settlement began as a missionary project.

A city in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Kazabazua

The municipality is named after a nearby river, the name of which is derived from an Algonquin compound derived from kach (“hidden”) and djiwan (“watercourse, current”).


Lac-Sainte-Marie

The municipality is named after a nearby lake, which is named in turn after Saint Mary. This dedication was chosen as a reference to the mother of the first settler of the municipality (one Jean-Marie Léveillée), Marie Léveillée.


Lac-Moselle

An unorganized territory in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Grand-Remous

/ɡʁɑ̃.ʁə.mu/

Derived from grand (“great, large”) and remous (“eddy, swirl”). The municipality is named after a large eddy in the Gatineau River.


Cascades-Malignes

The name of the territory is derived from the plural form of cascade (“waterfall”) and malin (“malicious, evil”). The eponymous waterfalls are difficult to navigate.


Egan-Sud

The name of the municipality is derived from the English surname Egan and sud (“south”). The municipality is named after Irish lumber merchant John Egan (1811 - 1857).


Lac-Pythonga

The territory is named after a lake, the name of which is derived in turn from an Algonquin name meaning "a long sand" or "to approach by paddling".


Montcerf-Lytton

The name of the municipality derives from the names of the former municipalities of Montcerf and Lytton.


Sainte-Thérèse-de-la-Gatineau

The municipality is named after Thérèse of Lisieux (1873 - 1897) and the hydronym Gatineau.


Lac-Nilgaut

The territory is named after a lake, the name of which derives in turn from nilgaut (“nilgai, Boselaphus tragocamelus”), derived in turn from Hindi or Persian.

An unorganized territory in Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Serris

→ English: Serris

Serris (a town in the Seine-et-Marne department, Île-de-France, France)


Geromegnace

Historically most prevalent in Guadeloupe.


Truchard

English: Truchard

a surname, equivalent to English Truchard


Haussmann

English: Haussmann

Borrowed from German Haußmann/Haussmann.

a surname from German, equivalent to English Haussmann


Barthès

English: Barthes

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Tarn.

a surname from Occitan, equivalent to English Barthes


Fort-Coulonge

The name of the municipality derives from fort and one of the titles of explorer Nicolas d'Ailleboust de Manthet (1663–1709). The municipality is named after a former fortress.

A village municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Barthes

English: Barthes


Alleyn-et-Cawood

The municipality is named after the townships of Alleyn and Cawood. Alleyn is named after politician Charles Joseph Alleyn (1817 - 1890) and Cawood is named after an English village in Yorkshire.

A municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Campbell's Bay

The name of the municipality is derived from the English surname Campbell and bay. The municipality is named after British soldier and landowner Donald Campbell.


L'Isle-aux-Allumettes

L’ Isle-aux-Allumettes (canonical feminine)

The name of the island and the municipality is derived from île (“island”) and the plural form of allumette (“match”). The element allumettes initially referred to a set of rapids in the Ottawa River to the south of the island.

An island and municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


L'Île-du-Grand-Calumet

L’ Île-du-Grand-Calumet (canonical feminine)

The name of the island and municipality is derived from île (“island”), grand (“great”) and calumet (“ceremonial pipe”). The island was used as a meeting and trading location by Native Americans.


Portage-du-Fort

Etymology uncertain. The municipality may have been named after a portage near a fort, but it is uncertain whether such a fort ever existed. Alternative hypotheses include a portage operated by a man named Dufort or an adaptation of an Algonquin term.


Shawville

Derived from the English toponym Shawville, equivalent Shaw (“a surname”) + -ville. The municipality is named after postmaster James Shaw.


Sheenboro

The name of the municipality is derived from the English toponym Sheen suffixed with -boro.


L'Ange-Gardien

/l‿ɑ̃ʒ.ɡaʁ.djɛ̃/

The name of the municipality derives from the term ange gardien (“guardian angel”). Originally the name of a parish.

Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais
Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais#English

A municipality of Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Chénéville

The name of the municipality is derived from Chéné (“a surname”) + -ville. The settlement was likely named after a local family.

A municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Lac-des-Plages

Derived from lac (“lake”) and the plural form of plage (“beach”). The municipality is named after a nearby lake with a large number of beaches.


Val-des-Monts

The name of the municipality is derived from val (“valley”) and the plural form of mont (“mountain”).


Mansfield-et-Pontefract

The municipality is named after the former municipalities of Mansfield and Pontefract.


Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette

The municipality is named after the Catholic Our Lady of La Salette pilgrimage site.


Lac-Simon

Derived from lac (“lake”) and the name Simon. The municipality is named after a lake, which is named in turn after an inhabitant of the area of Iroquois descent, Marie-Louise Cimon.
The reserve is named after a nearby like, named in turn after either Simon Papaté (son of a high chief of the Odawa people) or after the first chief of the reserve.

A Native American reserve in La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Saint-Sixte

The municipality is named after a nearby lake, the name of which has Native American origins. The hydronym was gradually transformed into the name of Pope Sixtus II (d. 258).


Val-des-Bois

The name of the municipality is derived from val (“valley”) and the plural form of bois (“forest”).


Lochaber-Partie-Ouest

The name of the municipality is derived from the toponym Lochaber, partie (“part”) and ouest (“west”).

A township municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Papineauville

The name of the municipality is derived from Papineau (“a surname”) + -ville. The municipality is named after joint premier of the Province of Canada Denis-Benjamin Papineau (1789 - 1854).


Soledar

From Ukrainian Соледа́р (Soledár, literally “gift of the salt”).

uder

Soledar (a city in Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine, containing an extensive salt mine).

Karlo-Libknekhtivsk (1924-1991)

from Ukraninan Карло-Лібкнехтівськ (Karlo-Libknextivsʹk)

Karlo-Libknekhtovsk (1924-1991)

from Russian Карло-Либкнехтовск (Karlo-Libknextovsk)


Saint-Émile-de-Suffolk

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Emilius (d. 250) and the English toponym Suffolk. The municipality was named after the particular saint in order to honor Émile Quesnel (1837 - 1887), a benefactor of the first settlers of the future municipality.


Saint-André-Avellin

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Andrew Avellino (1521 - 1608). The dedication was chosen to honour surveyor André Trudeau (1792 - 1842).


Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix

The name of the municipality derives from an honorific title of Saint Mary and paix (“peace”).


La Pêche

The name of the municipality is derived from pêche (“fishing, angling”). The municipality is named after a nearby lake which is rich in fish.


Lochaber

The municipality is named after the Scottish region of Lochaber (with the name being derived from Scots Gaelic via English).


Notre-Dame-de-Bonsecours

The municipality is named after an honorific title of Saint Mary.


Otter Lake

The name of the municipality is derived from that of an English name of a nearby lake.


Mulgrave-et-Derry

The name of the municipality is derived from the names of the English toponym Mulgrave and the Northern Irish toponym Derry. The toponym Mulgrave is included as a reference to one of the titles of John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby (1648 - 1721). The toponym Derry is included as a reference to the city and county in Northern Ireland.


Nungeena

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Nungeena


Rapides-des-Joachims

Derived from the plural form of rapide (“rapid”) and the plural form of the name Joachim. It is unclear who or what the personal name refers to.


Baiame

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Baiame


Tya

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Personification of Earth.


Harmoo

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Harmoo (An evil creator deity, antagonist of Baiame.)


Masson-Angers

The name of the district refers to Québecois politician Louis François Rodrigue Masson (1833 - 1903) and the French city of Angers.

A district of Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Espérandieu

English: Esperandieu

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in the Gard department. Cognate with Italian Sperandio.


Winneway

Borrowed from Algonquin Winneway; the toponym means either "lively/rapid waters" or "salty bay/bay of murky waters".

A Native American settlement in Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Kitigan Zibi

Borrowed from Algonquin Kitigan Zibi, derived from the terms kitigan (“garden, woodland cleared of trees”) and zibi (“river”).

A Native American reserve in Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Rapid Lake

Borrowed from English Rapid Lake. The reserve is named after a nearby lake. .


Kebaowek

Borrowed from Algonquin Kebaowek, a variant of the toponym Kipawa.

A Native American reserve in Témiscamingue, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Pikogan

Borrowed from Algonquin Pikogan, derived in turn from the term pikogan (“skin tent, teepee”).

A Native American reserve in Abitibi, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Kitcisakik

Borrowed from Algonquin Kitcisakik, derived in turn from a compound of kitci (“large, great”) and sakik (“at the mouth”). The reserve is located near a section of the Ottawa River which widens considerably.

A Native American settlement in La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Hunter's Point

Borrowed from English Hunter's Point. The settlement is named after a nearby lake, named in turn after a local family.


Lac-Oscar

An unorganized territory in Antoine-Labelle, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Lac-de-la-Maison-de-Pierre

The territory is named after a lake, the name of which derives from lac (“lake”), maison (“house”) and pierre (“stone”). The further etymology of the name is uncertain.


Mont-Laurier

The name of the city is derived from mont (“mountain”) + Laurier (a surname). The city is named after Canadian lawyer and statesman Wilfrid Laurier (1841–1919).

A city in Antoine-Labelle, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Rivière-Rouge

The name of the city is derived from rivière (“river”) and rouge (“red”). The city is named after a nearby river.


Lac-Saguay

The village municipality is named after a nearby lake, the name of which derives in turn from lac (“lake”) and Algonquin sagwa (“unblock, pour”).

A village municipality of Antoine-Labelle, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Lac-du-Cerf

The municipality is named after a lake, the name of which derives from lac (“lake”) and cerf (“deer”). The lake was named for the presence of white-tailed deer (“Odocoileus virginianus”).

A municipality of Antoine-Labelle, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Sainte-Anne-du-Lac

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Anne and a nearby lake, lac Tapani.


Saint-Aimé-du-Lac-des-Îles

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Ame and the name of a nearby lake (derived from lac (“lake”) and the plural form of île (“island”)). The dedication to Saint Ame was made to honour abbot Joseph-Aimé Lamonde.


Chute-Saint-Philippe

The name of the municipality is derived from chute (“waterfall”) and the name of Saint Philip.


La Macaza

The municipality is likely named after a First Nations inhabitant of the area.


L'Ascension

The name of the municipality derives from Ascension (“Feast of the Ascension”).


Nominingue

The municipality is named after a lake, the name of which is derived from an Algonquin term meaning "vermillion" or "red ochre" (referring to a deposit of red chalk used for body markings).


Ferme-Neuve

Derived from ferme (“farm”) and the feminine form of neuf (“new”). The municipality is named after a farm constructed by the Maclaren company.


Kiamika

The municipality is named after a river, the name of which derives from Algonquin kickiamika (“abrupt, cut just underneath the water”), possibly referring to a location with a precipitous rock.


Mont-Saint-Michel

The name of the municipality is derived from mont (“mountain”) and the name of Saint Michael. The municipality was named for the fact that the local church stands on a hill and as a way to honor priest Joseph-Michel Martin (1878 - 1932).


Lac-Saint-Paul

The municipality is named after a lake, the name of which is derived from lac (“lake”) and the name of Saint Paul.


Val-des-Lacs

The name of the municipality is derived from val (“valley”) and the plural form of lac (“lake”).

A municipality of Les Laurentides, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Lac-des-Écorces

The municipality is named after a lake, the name of which derives from lac (“lake”) and the plural form of écorce (“bark”).


Notre-Dame-de-Pontmain

The name of the municipality is derived from a title of Saint Mary and the toponym Pontmain.


Notre-Dame-du-Laus

The municipality is named after the Catholic Sanctuaire de Notre-Dame du Laus pilgrimage site.


Val-David

The name of the municipality is derived from val (“valley”) and the surname David. The municipality is named after Québecois politician Athanase David (1882–1953) and lawyer, politician and historian Laurent-Olivier David (1840–1926), who came to the municipality to relax.

A village municipality of Les Laurentides, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Brébeuf

The municipality is named after Jean de Brébeuf (1593 - 1649).

A parish municipality of Les Laurentides, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Lantier

The municipality is named after the family of postmaster Ludger Lantier.


Mont-Blanc

The municipality is named after a nearby mountain, the name of which is derived from mont (“mountain”) and blanc (“white”).


Guillotin

English: Guillotin

desc

→ Chinese: → 吉約坦／吉约坦 (Jíyuētǎn) (transliteration)

Guillot + -in. diminutive of Guillot (“surname”), from Guillaume (“William”)

Guillotin: a surname transferred from the nickname


Val-Morin

The name of the municipality is derived from val (“valley”) and the surname Morin. The municipality is named after its founder, Augustin-Norbert Morin (1803 - 1865).


Petit Maghreb

From being a district of people of Maghrebi heritage.

Little Maghreb (a neighbourhood of Saint-Michel district, Villeray-Saint-Michel-Parc-Extension borough, Montreal, Quebec, Canada)


Anselme

a male given name from the Germanic languages, equivalent to English Anselm


La Minerve

The municipality is named after the La Minerve newspaper.


Huberdeau

The municipality is named after priest Gédéon-Ubalde Huberdeau (1823 - 1887).


Lac-Supérieur

The municipality is named after a lake, the name of which derives from lac (“lake”) and supérieur (“superior”).


Lac-Tremblant-Nord

The municipality is named after a nearby lake (the name of which derives from lac (“lake”) and tremblant (“shaking, shaky”), deriving in turn from the name of a nearby mountain) and nord (“north”).


Ivry-sur-le-Lac

The municipality is indirectly named after countess Angèle Ogier d'Ivry.


Sainte-Lucie-des-Laurentides

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Lucy (283 - 304) and the toponym Laurentides (“Laurentian Mountains”).


La Conception

The name of the municipality is derived from conception (“conception”). The municipality is named after the Conception of Christ.


Barkmere

Derived from an English toponym derived in turn from a compound of bark and mere.

A city in Les Laurentides, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Mont-Tremblant

The city is named after a nearby mountain, the name of which derives from mont (“mountain”) and tremblant (“shaking, shaky”). The name of the mountain is said to derive from a Native American story about a powerful spirit inhabiting the peak. Alternatively, the name may derive from a muffled sound that can be heard near the mountain.


Lac-des-Seize-Îles

The municipality is named after a lake, the name of which derives form lac (“lake”), seize (“sixteen”) and the plural form of île (“island”). The lake is named after sixteen small islands.

Les Pays-d'en-Haut
Les Pays-d'en-Haut#English

A municipality of Les Pays-d'en-Haut, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts

The name of the municipality is derived from the name of Saint Agatha of Sicily (c. 231–251) and the plural form of mont (“mountain”).


AMM

autorisation de mise sur le marché#French

Initialism of autorisation de mise sur le marché.


Palatin

Palatine Hill (one of the seven hills in Rome)


Aventin

Aventine Hill (one of the seven hills in Rome)


Capitole

Learned borrowing from Latin Capitolium. Doublet of Chapteuil.

Capitoline Hill (one of the seven hills in Rome)


Viminal

Viminal Hill (one of the seven hills in Rome)


Chapteuil

Borrowed from Auvergnat Chaptuèlh, from Old Occitan capdolh, itself inherited from Latin Capitolium. Doublet of Capitole.


Æmile

From Latin Aemilius. See also French Émile.


Circé

From Latin Circē, from Ancient Greek Κίρκη (Kírkē). The asteroid was discovered in 1855 by Jean Chacornac and named after the sorceress.

(astronomy) 34 Circe, a main belt asteroid


Saussier

Two etymologies are known, which have gradually become the same surname: first, a toponymic surname referring to a willow grove, from Middle French, Old French saule (“willow”), ultimately from Gaulish salico, Proto-Celtic *salik, Proto-Indo-European *salǝḱ-, *salǝk-; second, an occupational surname, from Late Latin salsārium, from Medieval Latin salsārius (“of or for salted things”), from Latin salsus (“salted, briny”), sāl (“salt”). The Middle French, Old French term saussier, attested from 1285, referenced to a cook or chef whose specialty was the preparation of sauces; the surname is also connected to the noun sauce.
Both forms are primarily found in the Doubs region, in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.


Geaam

Alan Geaam, b. 1974


Flamel

Inherited from Middle French. Now extinct in France.

Nicolas Flamel, b. ca. 1330/1340


Synésios

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Συνέσιος (Sunésios).

bor+

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Synesius


Synésius

Borrowed from Latin Synesius, itself from Ancient Greek Συνέσιος (Sunésios).

(historical) Alternative form of Synésios


Jeanselme

Translingual: jeanselmei


Annonay

→ English: Annonay

Annonay (a town in the Ardèche department, France)


Aurignac

→ English: Aurignac

Aurignac (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, France)


Sohar

Al Batinah North Governorate
Al Batinah North Governorate#English

Sohar (a city in Al Batinah North Governorate, Oman)


Calixthe

Calixthe Beyala, b. 1961


Makenzy

Makenzy Orcel, b. 1983


OLAF

(EU politics) Initialism of office européen de lutte antifraude (“European Anti-Fraud Office”).


Beyala

Calixthe Beyala, b. 1961


Makensy

Makensy Guerrier, b. 1979


Poustilnik

Borrowed from Russian Пустильник (Pustilʹnik).


Orcel

English: Orcel


Assouline

English: Assouline

Borrowed from Arabic. A Sephardi surname, ultimately of Berber origin.


Philarète

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Philaretos


Philarétus

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Philaretus


Mariage

English: Mariage

Mariage: a surname, equivalent to English Marriage


Punjel

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Alternative spelling of Bunjil


Ularu

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) A primordial snake-like creator deity


Bunjil

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Bunjil


Bahloo

(Australian Aboriginal mythology) Bahloo


Kéka

Originating from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.


Jean-Hugues

Jean-Hugues Anglade, b. 1955

a male given name, a combination of Jean and Hugues


Menkao

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

A town in the Democratic Republic of the Congo


Broulard

English: Broulard


Salomé

a female given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Salome


Anglade

English: Anglade

Anglade (a village in the Gironde department, France)

Jean-Hugues Anglade, b. 1955


Monflanquin

→ English: Monflanquin

Monflanquin (a village in the Lot-et-Garonne department, France)


Jean-Patrice

a male given name, a combination of Jean and Patrice


Matissous

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Chatric

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Saudech

Holonym: Occitanie

French toponym encountered in Ariège and Pyrénées-Atlantiques


Cornecu

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Maubresc

Holonym: Montjoie-en-Couserans

A hamlet in Montjoie-en-Couserans, Ariège


Pouterolles

Borrowed from Occitan. Found in Chemin de Pouterolles.

Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière


Gaillardoux

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Espiassère

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Junquère

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Coussau

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Patrac

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Manaud

Holonym: Lorp-Sentaraille


Mouliéris

Borrowed from Occitan. Mouliery attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Saint-Lizier

A ruined farm in Saint-Lizier, Ariège department, Occitanie, France


Rechac

Holonym: Caumont


Mireloup

Holonym: Caumont


Bernède

Holonym: Caumont


Cramado

Holonym: Caumont


Peluhau

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Sarramontes

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Bourdette

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Gèle

Holonym: Cazavet


Peycazes

Holonym: Caumont


Hontas

Holonym: Lorp-Sentaraille


Hougaron

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Picharotte

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Birecau

Holonym: Cazavet


Barthet

Holonym: Saleich


Craboute

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Illous

Holonym: Caumont


Mongautin

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Pitarlet

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Pouterol

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Sengouagnet

→ English: Sengouagnet

Sengouagnet (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, France)


Vieux-Fort

Vieux-Fort (town and commune in Guadeloupe)


Campotas

Holonym: Montjoie-en-Couserans

A toponym in Montjoie-en-Couserans, Ariège


Chac

Holonym: Saleich


Tachouères

Holonym: Saleich


Cauzère

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Barbat

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Regudes

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Artihaguère

Holonym: Saleich


Poucas

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Broucalas

Holonym: Mauvezin-de-Prat


Tussau

Holonym: Mauvezin-de-Prat


Malluc

Holonym: Saleich


Arouèdes

Holonym: Saleich


Courbieu

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Scouliers

Holonym: Saleich


Castaubert

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Mounet

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Gérus

Holonym: Saleich


Tucas

Holonym: Urau


Touquères

Holonym: Saleich


Vignougne

Holonym: Mauvezin-de-Prat


Tachoires

Holonym: Saleich


Lansot

Holonym: Mauvezin-de-Prat


Boudigasses

Holonym: Saleich


Artigole

Holonym: Urau


Feuillerat

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux

A neighbourhood of Prat-Bonrepaux, Occitanie, France.


Tourrats

Holonym: Castelbiague

A toponym in Castelbiague, Haute-Garonne


Terrats

Holonym: Saleich


Bausset

Holonym: Castelbiague


Rieuaris

Holonym: Urau


Coustans

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Gilou

a diminutive of the male given name Gilles


Gilou

Holonym: Montjoie-en-Couserans


Saint-Oulé

Holonym: Castelbiague


Gouar

Holonym: Cazavet


Coustalats

Holonym: Duffort

A toponym encountered in Occitanie:
A toponym in Duffort, Gers

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies

A toponym encountered in Occitanie:
A toponym in Molas, Haute-Garonne

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies

A toponym in Montastruc-de-Salies, Haute-Garonne

Holonym: Saleich

A toponym encountered in Occitanie:
A toponym in Saleich, Haute-Garonne


Gouarège

Holonym: Cazavet


Pyrène

Holonym: Saleich


Startès

Holonym: Saleich


Francazal

→ English: Francazal

Francazal (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, France)


Castelbiague

→ English: Castelbiague

Castelbiague (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, France)


Cazavet

→ English: Cazavet

Holonym: Couserans

Meronyms: Billoc, Bouch, Cazaux, Gouar, Gouarège, Retec

Cazavet (a village in the Ariège department, France)


Triguelongue

Holonym: Lorp-Sentaraille


Urale

Holonym: Urau


Prat-Bonrepaux

→ English: Prat-Bonrepaux

Prat-Bonrepaux (a village in the Ariège department, France)


Beaumes-de-Venise

→ English: Beaumes-de-Venise

Beaumes-de-Venise (a village in the Vaucluse department, France)


Gaouats

Holonym: Castelbiague


Marots

Holonym: Castelbiague


Fourquas

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies


Hourquet

Holonym: Castelbiague


Gatarre

Holonym: Castelbiague


Artiguenave

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies


Cazaux

Borrowed from Occitan Casals. The surname is historically most prevalent in the Landes department.

Cazaux (a village in the Ariège department, France)

Holonym: Cazavet


Carbiou

Holonym: Castelbiague


Ricouch

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies


Merlès

Holonym: Castelbiague


Saint-Gouagnet

Holonym: Castelbiague


Coustalat

Borrowed from Occitan. The surname is historically most prevalent in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department.

Holonym: Mercenac

A toponym encountered in Occitanie:
A toponym in Mercenac, Ariège


Murrets

Holonym: Castelbiague


Mirepech

Mirepech (a tributary of the Rucan in Haute-Garonne, Occitanie, France)


Rucan

Rucan (a tributary of the Arbas in Haute-Garonne, Occitanie, France)


Lorp-Sentaraille

→ English: Lorp-Sentaraille

Holonym: Couserans

Meronyms: Lorp, Sentaraille

Lorp-Sentaraille (a village in the Ariège department, Occitanie, France)


Clarède

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies


Rouède

Holonym: Comminges

Meronyms: Bagiri, Cloutas, Loumat, Peyré, Tumares

Rouède (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, Occitanie, France)


Montastruc-de-Salies

Holonym: Comminges

Montastruc-de-Salies (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, Occitanie, France)


Gayan

English: Gayan

Borrowed from Occitan Gajan. The surname is historically most prevalent in the Landes department.

Holonym: Hautes-Pyrénées

Gajan (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Hourest

Holonym: Prat-Bonrepaux


Peillou

Holonym: Saint-Lizier


Billoc

Holonym: Cazavet


Arbas

* (surname): From Spanish Arbas/Arbás.
* (village in Haute-Garonne): Borrowed from Occitan Arbast.

Arbas (a left tributary of the Salat in Haute-Garonne, Occitanie, France)


Arbas

Holonym: Comminges

Arbas (a village in the Haute-Garonne department, Occitanie, France)


Arbas

English: Arbas


Naudusse

Holonym: Brassac


Coustalou

Holonym: Brassac


Loubigeac

Holonym: Brassac


Lagarosse

Holonym: Brassac


Calux

Holonym: Montjoi


Mestrantoni

Holonym: Brassac


Flouronne

Holonym: Brassac


Couffut

Holonym: Montjoi


Falgayrolles

Holonym: Brassac


Albezy

Holonym: Brassac


Rocal

Holonym: Brassac


Brézègues

Holonym: Montjoi


Combillou

Holonym: Brassac


Filhol

Holonym: Montjoi


Barayrat

Holonym: Montjoi


Percurayre

Holonym: Montjoi


Pellatat

Holonym: Saint-Maurin

A toponym in Saint-Maurin, Lot-et-Garonne


Jouanounet

Holonym: Montjoi


Pourroutou

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Buffevent

Holonym: Montjoi


Boudou

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Cotty

Holonym: Montjoi


Cabosse

Holonym: Montjoi


Mercadié

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Palanqui

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Janicot

Holonym: Montjoi


Sombardin

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Brassagou

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Débonnaire

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Cantauzel

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Naudery

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Rebessac

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Grangeasse

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Sounettes

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Saint-Pardoux

Holonym: Saint-Maurin


Magouery

Holonym: Saint-Barnabé

A toponym in Saint-Barnabé, Côtes-d'Armor


Bomel

Holonym: Saint-Maudan

A toponym in Saint-Maudan, Côtes-d'Armor


Goézeux

Holonym: Loudéac


Magouët

Holonym: Saint-Barnabé


Diffaut

Holonym: Loudéac


Kermelin

Holonym: Gueltas


Kerloé

Holonym: Gueltas


Quelvignac

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Kervert

Holonym: Gueltas


Goaffre

Holonym: Gueltas


Cardayre

Holonym: Sauvagnas


Goirbal

Holonym: Gueltas


Goarima

Holonym: Gueltas


Keriffé

Holonym: Gueltas


Kerboquet

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Tréleau

Holonym: Gueltas


Kerlaizan

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Kerliern

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Kerjean

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Coët Prat

Holonym: Gueltas


Kerloi

Holonym: Gueltas


Kericunff

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Coacovec

Holonym: Saint-Barnabé

A toponym in Saint-Barnabé, Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France.


Kereru

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Kergroix

Holonym: Kerfourn


Kerdaner

Holonym: Kerfourn


Kerjos

Holonym: Kerfourn


Kerangèle

Holonym: Kerfourn


Kergoff

Holonym: Noyal-Pontivy


Trohelleuc

Holonym: Loudéac


Kermaprézo

Holonym: Gueltas

A toponym in Gueltas, Morbihan department, Brittany, France.


Kervran

Holonym: Kerfourn


Roudoulous

Holonym: Sauvagnas

La pierre était à Roudoulous, hameau dépendant de Sauvagnas, à l’extrémité de la vallée qui s’ouvre à Saint-Caprais de Lerm.

1875, Congrès archéologique de France, XLIᵉ session (1874), →OCLC, seconde partie tenue à Agen, page 223:

A hamlet in Sauvagnas, Lot-et-Garonne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.


Guernogas

Holonym: Gueltas


Angelier

English: Angelier

. Historically most prevalent in the Isère department.


Bouffario

Holonym: Montjoi


Lannes

English: Lannes

Borrowed from Occitan. The surname is historically most prevalent in the Gers department.

Lannes (a village in the Lot-et-Garonne department, France)

The main settlement in Montastruc-de-Salies, Haute-Garonne

Holonym: Montastruc-de-Salies


Gildas

Gildas Arzel, b. 1961


Clohars-Fouesnant

Holonym: Finistère

Meronyms: Beg an Allé, Brominou, Kerjégu, Pennanguer

Clohars-Fouesnant (a village in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Sauvagnas

→ English: Sauvagnas

Borrowed from Occitan Sauvanhàs and ultimately from Latin Salvaniacum.

Holonym: Roudoulous

Sauvagnas (a village in the Lot-et-Garonne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Gueltas

→ English: Gueltas

Borrowed from Breton Gweltaz (“Gildas”).

Meronyms: Coët Prat, Goarima, Guernogas, Keriffé, Kermaprézo, Kervert, Tréleau

Gueltas (a village in the Morbihan department, Brittany, France)


Kerlfec'h

Holonym: Kerfourn


Saint-Barnabé

→ English: Saint-Barnabé

Meronym: Coacovec

Saint-Barnabé (a village in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Kerfourn

→ English: Kerfourn

Kerfourn (a village in the Morbihan department, Brittany, France)


Calbel

Holonym: Montjoi


Spézet

→ English: Spézet

Spézet (a village in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Noyal-Pontivy

→ English: Noyal-Pontivy

Meronyms: Kergoff, Kerjean, Quelvignac

Noyal-Pontivy (a town in the Morbihan department, Brittany, France)


Érone

→ English: Érone

Érone (a village in the Haute-Corse department, Corsica, France)


San-Lorenzo

→ English: San-Lorenzo

Meronyms: Borgo, Coibiti, Oliva, Tribbio

San-Lorenzo (a village in the Haute-Corse department, Corsica, France)


Groulx

English: Groulx


Radisson

English: Radish, Radishes

desc

English: Radish and Gooseberry, Radishes and Gooseberries

→ Chinese: → 拉迪松 (lādísōng) (transliteration)


Groseilliers

→ English: Groseilliers

English: Gooseberry, Gooseberries


Herzégovine

→ Persian: هرزگوین (herzegovin)


Sauvignac

→ English: Sauvignac

Sauvignac (a village in the Charente department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Sauvagnac

→ English: Sauvagnac

Borrowed from Occitan Sauvanhac and ultimately from Latin Salvaniacum.

Sauvagnac (a village in the Charente department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


From FFF (“Fédération Française de Football”).

2021 March 13, “Noel Le Graet reconduit à la tête de la 3F.”, in FFF:

Le patron de la « 3F » a ajouté qu’il n’aurait « même pas pris » Zidane au téléphone, si celui-ci avait essayé de le joindre, parce qu’il était hors de question de penser à un autre technicien que Didier Deschamps.

2023 January 8, François Tesson, “« On ne manque pas de respect à la légende », Mbappé reprend Le Graët de volée”, in Sports:

The boss of the French Football Federation added that he "wouldn't even have answered" Zidane's call if he had tried to reach him, because it was out of the question to consider another coach than Didier Deschamps.

Le président de la Fédération française de football Noël Le Graët peut se frotter les mains : l’équipe de France est encore la poule aux œufs d’or de la « 3F », avec cette deuxième finale en quatre ans.

2022 December 18, “Coupe du monde. Combien vont gagner les Bleus avec cette finale ?”, in Ouest-France:

The president of the French Football Federation, Noël Le Graët, is probably rubbing his hands with glee: the French national team is once again the golden goose of the FFF, having reached their second final in four years.

Mais d’avoir le choix des grands clubs, c’est quand même exceptionnel à son âge", a encore déclaré le président de la ’3F’.

2017 June 24, “TRANSFERTS - NOËL LE GRAËT (FFF) AIMERAIT QUE KYLIAN MBAPPÉ (MONACO) "RESTE EN FRANCE"”, in Eurosport:

"But to be able to choose between the great clubs, it's still exceptional at his age," declared once again the president of the French Football Federation.

Fédération Française de Football
w:French Football Federation

(soccer) Initialism of Fédération Française de Football, the governing body of football (soccer) in France


NDDL

On ne doit pas s’étonner que NDDL, maison mère du zadisme, soit devenue le terrain d’une si puissante contestation du système politique et socioéconomique.

2019, Eric Delbecque, Les ingouvernables […] , Grasset, →ISBN:


Notre-Dame-des-Landes

A commune of the Loire-Atlantique department, France


Jouy

→ English: Jouy

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Jouy (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Chartainvilliers

→ English: Chartainvilliers

Chartainvilliers (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Bouglainval

→ English: Bouglainval

Bouglainval (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Nogent-le-Phaye

→ English: Nogent-le-Phaye

Nogent-le-Phaye (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Gasville-Oisème

→ English: Gasville-Oisème

Gasville-Oisème (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Soulaires

→ English: Soulaires

Soulaires (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Saint-Prest

→ English: Saint-Prest

Saint-Prest (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Coltainville

→ English: Coltainville

Coltainville (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Serazereux

→ English: Serazereux

From Medieval Latin Ceresereus [1199], itself from Late Latin cerasarius.

Serazereux (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Champhol

→ English: Champhol

Champhol (a town in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Saint-Piat

→ English: Saint-Piat

Saint-Piat (a village in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Piat

Piat de Seclin, d. 286


Chemetoff

Borrowed from Russian Шеметов (Šemetov).

Alexandre Chemetoff, b. 1950


Néris-les-Bains

→ English: Néris-les-Bains

Néris-les-Bains (a town in the Allier department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Kanaky

New Caledonia (an archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania)


Prigogine

From Russian Пригожин (Prigožin). Doublet of Prigojine.

Prigozhin: a surname from Russian, variant of Prigojine, equivalent of the French surname Beauregard.

Astéroïde Prigogine
Astéroïde Prigogine#French

Prigogine: Ellipsis of Astéroïde Prigogine.; An asteroid in Main Belt, Solar System


Foulques

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Fulk


Bioteau

English: Bioteau

Historically most prevalent in the Maine-et-Loire department.


Tétouan

Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima#English

Tétouan (a city in Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco)


État de la Cité du Vatican

LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-État de la Cité du Vatican.wav


Kevine

suffix

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">Kevin</i>

a female given name from English; feminine of Kevin


Toison d'or

(Greek mythology, heraldry) Golden Fleece


Domalain

→ English: Domalain

Domalain (a village in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Niafles

→ English: Niafles

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

Niafles (a village in the Mayenne department, Pays de la Loire, France)


Rannée

→ English: Rannée

Rannée (a village in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Vergéal

→ English: Vergéal

Vergéal (a village in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Arbrissel

→ English: Arbrissel

Arbrissel (a village in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Pouancé

→ English: Pouancé

Pouancé (a town in the Maine-et-Loire department, Pays de la Loire, France)


Saint-Évarzec

→ English: Saint-Évarzec

Saint-Évarzec (a village in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Failler

English: Failler

Historically most prevalent in Finistère.


Plouha

→ English: Plouha

Plouha (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Lanvollon

→ English: Lanvollon

Lanvollon (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Pontrieux

→ English: Pontrieux

Pontrieux (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Bruz

→ English: Bruz

Bruz (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Trégomeur

→ English: Trégomeur

Trégomeur (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Combourg

→ English: Combourg

Combourg (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Squiffiec

→ English: Squiffiec

Squiffiec (a village in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Trégonneau

→ English: Trégonneau

Trégonneau (a village in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Janzé

→ English: Janzé

Janzé (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Liffré

→ English: Liffré

Liffré (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Saint-Quay-Portrieux

→ English: Saint-Quay-Portrieux

Saint-Quay-Portrieux (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert

→ English: Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert

Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert (a village in the Hérault department, Occitanie, France)


Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue

→ English: Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue

Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue (a town in the Manche department, Normandy, France)


Dol-de-Bretagne

→ English: Dol-de-Bretagne

Dol-de-Bretagne (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Louvigné-du-Désert

→ English: Louvigné-du-Désert

Louvigné-du-Désert (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Tinténiac

→ English: Tinténiac

Tinténiac (a town in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Craon

→ English: Craon

Craon (a town in the Mayenne department, Pays de la Loire, France)


Trébeurden

→ English: Trébeurden

Trébeurden (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Rosporden

→ English: Rosporden

Rosporden (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Huelgoat

→ English: Huelgoat

Huelgoat (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Jipi

a diminutive of the male given name Jean-Pierre


Supérieur

English: Superior, Superia

From supérieur, from Latin superior. From being the highest in geographic elevation of the Great Lakes of North America.

Lake Superior: Ellipsis of Lac Supérieur.; the largest and highest of the Great Lakes of North America


Murzeau

Historically most prevalent in Côtes-d'Armor.


Ozenne

English: Ozenne

Historically most prevalent in the Manche department.


Imbach

Borrowed from Alemannic German Imbach. Originating from Switzerland. In France, historically most prevalent in Bas-Rhin.


Ozanne

English: Ozanne


Brindes

From Latin Brundisium, from Ancient Greek Βρεντέσιον (Brentésion), said to be from Messapic.

Brindisi (a city and province of Apulia, Italy)


États pontificaux

fr-proper noun

(les) États pontificaux m pl (plural only)

(historical) the Papal States (a country in southern Europe that existed until 1870, comprising the territories of Italy over which the pope was the ruler in a civil as well as a spiritual sense)


Contre-Réforme

(historical) Counter-Reformation (period of Roman Catholic revival that aimed to combat the Reformation)


Îles Salomon

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q685

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q148966

Solomon Islands (A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands)

Solomon Islands (An archipelago in Melanesia, split between the countries of the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea)


Gazeau

Sylvie Gazeau, b. 1950


Bouhadeb

Borrowed from Arabic. Originating from Algeria.


Chlef

Chlef (a city, the capital of Chlef Province, Algeria)


Boutaleb

Boutaleb (a town in Sétif Province, Algeria)

Abedlhadi Boutaleb, b. 1923

بوطالب بوطالب#Arabic

A transliteration of the Arabic surname بوطالب.

Inès Boutaleb, b. 1998


Mouchet

Catherine Mouchet, b. 1959


Quesne

Julien Quesne, b. 1980


Meauxsoone

Likely from Dutch. Originating from Belgium; in France historically only present in the Nord department.


Salente

From Italian Salento, from Salentino dialect Salentu, of uncertain origin, possibly from Latin salum (“(surrounded by) sea”).

Salento (peninsula at the south-eastern tip of Italy).


Féloche

a diminutive of the female given name Félicie


Félicie

a female given name, equivalent to English Felicia


SCRS

w:fr:Service canadien du renseignement de sécurité

(Canada) Initialism of Service canadien du renseignement de sécurité (“Canadian Security and Intelligence Service”): CSIS


SAQ

Société des alcools du Québec
w:fr:Société des alcools du Québec

Acronym of Société des alcools du Québec, a provincial Crown corporation and monopoly in Quebec responsible for alcohol distribution and sales


INCA

w:fr:Institut national canadien pour les aveugles

(Canada) Acronym of Institut national canadien pour les aveugles (“Canadian National Institute for the Blind”): CNIB

Institut national du cancer
w:fr:Institut national du cancer

(France) Acronym of Institut national du cancer (“National Cancer Institute”).


SCHL

w:fr:Société canadienne d'hypothèques et de logement

(Canada) Initialism of Société canadienne d’hypothèques et de logement (“Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation”): CMHC


SCFP

w:fr:Syndicat canadien de la fonction publique

(Canada) Initialism of Syndicat canadien de la fonction publique (“Canadian Union of Public Employees”): CUPE


EDSC

w:fr:Emploi et Développement social Canada

(Canada) Initialism of Emploi et Développement social Canada (“Employment and Social Development Canada”): ESDC


STTP

w:fr:Syndicat des travailleurs et travailleuses des postes

(Canada) Initialism of Syndicat des travailleurs et travailleuses des postes (“Canadian Union of Postal Workers”): CUPW


TUAC

w:fr:Travailleurs unis de l'alimentation et du commerce

(Canada) Acronym of Travailleurs unis de l’alimentation et du commerce (“United Food and Commercial Workers”): UFCW


DRHC

w:fr:Développement des ressources humaines Canada

(Canada) Initialism of Développement des ressources humaines Canada (“Human Resources Development Canada”): HRDC


FEESO

w:fr:Fédération des enseignantes-enseignants des écoles secondaires de l'Ontario

(Canada) Acronym of Fédération des enseignantes-enseignants des écoles secondaires de l’Ontario (“Ontario Secondary School Teachers Federation”): OSSTF


SQDC

Société québécoise du cannabis
w:fr:Société québécoise du cannabis

Initialism of Société québécoise du cannabis, a provincial Crown corporation and monopoly in Quebec responsible for cannabis distribution and sales


IRCC

w:fr:Immigration, Réfugiés et Citoyenneté Canada

(Canada) Initialism of Immigration, Réfugiés et Citoyenneté Canada (“Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada”): IRCC


HNR

/a.ʃ‿ɛ.n‿ɛʁ/

heure normale des Rocheuses
w:fr:heure normale des Rocheuses

Initialism of heure normale des Rocheuses (“Mountain Standard Time”): MST


États confédérés d'Amérique

États confédérés d’Amérique f pl (plural only)

États confédérés d’Amérique (canonical feminine plural)

Confederate States of America
Confederate States of America


Ablons

(historical) Alternative spelling of Ablon (now Ablon-sur-Seine)


Ablon-sur-Seine

Ablon-sur-Seine (a town in the Val-de-Marne department, Île-de-France, France)


Ablon

* (Village in Calvados): From Middle French. Abelon attested in 1180.

Ablon (a village in the Calvados department, Normandy, France)


ASN

(France) Abbreviation of L’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire.


Saint-Marcellin

→ English: Saint-Marcellin

Saint-Marcellin (a village in the Isère department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Liabeuf

English: Liabeuf

Historically most prevalent in the Haute-Loire department.

Jean-Jacques Liabeuf, b. 1886


BCRA

w:Bureau Central de Renseignements et d'Action

(France, historical) Initialism of Bureau Central de Renseignements et d’Action (“Central Bureau of Intelligence and Operations”).


Jarnac

→ English: Jarnac

* (surname): Historically most prevalent in the Charente and Gironde departments.

Jarnac (a town in the Charente department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Watteau

→ English: Watteau

Perhaps related to gâteau (“cake”) and thus an occupational surname, or alternatively a variant of Gautier.


Quiévrechain

→ English: Quiévrechain

Quiévrechain (a town in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Chaillot

→ English: Chaillot

→ Russian: Шайо́ (Šajó)

Chaillot (a neighbourhood of Paris, France)


Montparnasse

→ English: Montparnasse

→ Russian: Монпарна́с (Monparnás)

From mont (“mount”) + Parnasse (“Parnassus”).

Montparnasse (a neighbourhood of Paris, France)


Javel

→ Czech: Javel

→ English: Javel

→ German: Javel

→ Romanian: Javel

→ Russian: Жаве́ль (Žavélʹ)

→ Moroccan Arabic: جاڤيل

Il y a des hôtels et des parcs dans Grenelle, des vestiges de maisons de campagne dans le vieux Javel. C’est tout cela qu’il faut maintenir pour conserver l’air de Paris.

1955, Débats de l'Assemblée nationale, volume 33, page 2752:

Javel (a neighbourhood of Paris, France)


Auteuil

→ English: Auteuil

→ German: Auteuil

→ Ottoman Turkish: اوتوی (Otöy)

→ Russian: Отёй (Otjój)

Auteuil (a neighbourhood of Paris, France)

Auteuil (a commune of the Oise department, Hauts-de-France, France)

Auteuil (a commune of the Yvelines department, Île-de-France, France)


Gaudérique

Gaudérique Roget, b. 1846


Saint-Gaudéric

LL-Q150 (fra)-T. Le Berre-Saint-Gaudéric.wav

Saint-Gaudéric (a village in Aude, Occitanie)


Saint-Gaudérique

Holonym: Perpignan

Saint-Gaudérique (a district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Sant Galdric

(rare) Synonym of Saint-Gaudérique (district of Perpignan)

Holonym: Salses-le-Château

A district of Salses-le-Château, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie


Salses-le-Château

Initially Salses, borrowed from Catalan Salses.

Holonym: Pyrénées-Orientales

Salses-le-Château (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Longchamp

→ English: Longchamp

→ Russian: Лонша́н (Lonšán)

Longchamp (a commune of the Côte-d'Or department, France)

Longchamp (a commune of the Haute-Marne department, France)

Longchamp (a commune of the Vosges department, France)


Sant Vicenç

Holonym: Perpignan

A district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie


Piray

Holonym: Perpignan


Bas-Vernet

Holonym: Perpignan

Bas-Vernet (a district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Moulin-à-Vent

Holonym: Perpignan

Moulin-à-Vent (a district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Mas Guérido

Holonym: Perpignan

Mas Guérido (a district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Clos Banet

Holonym: Perpignan

Clos Banet (a district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Bonpas

Obsolete spelling of Bompas. (village near Perpignan)


Castelroussillon

Caſtelroußillon attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Château Roussillon

Alternative spelling of Château-Roussillon


Castel-Roussillon

Caſtelroußillon on the Cassini map (1740s). Borrowed from Catalan Castell Rosselló.

(obsolete) Synonym of Château-Roussillon


Dixie Alley

Unadapted borrowing from English Dixie Alley.

ubor

Dixie Alley
Dixie Alley#English:_Q3032600

(meteorology) Dixie Alley (a region of the Gulf of Mexico coast United States, which experiences a large number of tornado occurrences)


Château-Roussillon

Previously Castel-Roussillon, from Catalan Castell Rosselló.

Holonym: Perpignan

Château-Roussillon (a district of Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


CFF

Chemins de fer fédéraux suisses
w:fr:Chemins de fer fédéraux suisses

(Switzerland, rail transport) Initialism of Chemins de fer fédéraux suisses (“Swiss Federal Railways”).


Clayra

Obsolete spelling of Claira. (village in Pyrénées-Orientales)


Villelongue de la Salanque

Obsolete spelling of Villelongue-de-la-Salanque. (village in Pyrénées-Orientales)


Torreilles

English: Torreilles

Borrowed from Catalan Torrelles. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Torreilles (a village in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Espira-de-l'Agly

English: Espira-de-l'Agly

Borrowed from Catalan Espirà de l'Aglí. Eſpira de Lagly attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Espira-de-l'Agly (a small town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Villelongue-de-la-Salanque

English: Villelongue-de-la-Salanque

Borrowed from Catalan Vilallonga de la Salanca. Villelongue de la Salanque attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

bor+

Villelongue-de-la-Salanque (a village in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Basses-Alpes

→ English: Basses-Alpes

→ Italian: Basse Alpi (calque)

desc

→ Ottoman Turkish: آشاغی آلپ (Aşağı Alp) (partial calque)

Ни́жние А́льпы

→ Russian: Ни́жние А́льпы (Nížnije Álʹpy) (partial calque)


Gamelin

English: Gamelin

Gamelin: a surname transferred from the nickname


Concarneau

→ German: Concarneau

→ English: Concarneau

Concarneau (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Guilvinec

→ English: Guilvinec

Guilvinec (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Loudéac

→ English: Loudéac

Loudéac (a town in the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Quimperlé

→ English: Quimperlé

Quimperlé (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Douarnenez

→ English: Douarnenez

Douarnenez (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Audierne

→ English: Audierne

Audierne (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Pontivy

→ English: Pontivy

Pontivy (a town in the Morbihan department, Brittany, France)


Bannalec

→ English: Bannalec

Bannalec (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Pont-Aven

→ English: Pont-Aven

Pont-Aven (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Karakoulov

Borrowed from Russian Каракулов (Karakulov).

bor+

Каракулов Каракулов#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Каракулов (Karakulov).


Lamarque

English: Lamarque

Historically most prevalent in southwestern France.


Saint-Trojan-les-Bains

→ English: Saint-Trojan-les-Bains

Holonym: île d’Oléron

Saint-Trojan-les-Bains (a town in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Picquigny

→ English: Picquigny

Picquigny (a village in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Chièvres

→ English: Chièvres

Chièvres (a town in Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium)


Offignies

→ English: Offignies

Offignies (a village in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Bettembos

→ English: Bettembos

Bettembos (a village in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Caulières

→ English: Caulières

Caulières (a village in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Naours

→ English: Naours

Naours (a town in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Lucheux

→ English: Lucheux

Lucheux (a village in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Cambligneul

→ English: Cambligneul

Cambligneul (a village in the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Souchez

→ English: Souchez

Souchez (a town in the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Zwevegem

Zwevegem (a town in West Flanders, Belgium)


Courtrai

Kortrijk (a town in West Flanders, Belgium)


Soignies

Soignies (a town in Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium)


Wattrelos

→ English: Wattrelos

Wattrelos (a town in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Liévin

→ English: Liévin

Liévin (a town in the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Wingles

→ English: Wingles

Wingles (a town in the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Mouscron

→ English: Mouscron

Mouscron (a town in Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium)


Doullens

English: Doullens, dowlas

Doullens (a town in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Ath

Ath (a town in Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium)


Haubourdin

→ English: Haubourdin

Haubourdin (a town in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Vignacourt

→ English: Vignacourt

Vignacourt (a town in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Giroulx

English: Giroulx


Akwesasne

Akwesasne: A Mohawk territory in North America, at the triple point of the New York state, Ontario, Quebec border lying astride the Canada-United States international boundary.


Bouvette

English: Bouvette


Denamiel

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Ariège.


Dezaly

English: Dezaly


Soum

English: Soum


Astolphe

Astolphe de Custine, b. 1790

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Astolph


Mesrine

Historically most prevalent in the Vienne department.


LICRA

w:fr:Ligue internationale contre le racisme et l'antisémitisme

Acronym of Ligue internationale contre le racisme et l’antisémitisme.


AFPC

w:fr:Alliance de la Fonction publique du Canada

Initialism of Alliance de la Fonction publique du Canada (“Public Service Alliance of Canada”): PSAC


Baudrit

English: Baudrit


Saint-Cyr

A commune of the Ardèche department, France

A commune of the Manche department, France

A commune of the Saône-et-Loire department, France

A commune of the Vienne department, France


La Grande-Motte

A commune of the Hérault department, France.


Lagacé

English: Lagacé, Lagace, Lagasse


Venasque

Perhaps from a pre-Celtic root Ven- also found in Benasque + -asque.

A commune of the Vaucluse department, France.


Le Beaucet

Diminutive of Provençal baus (“escarpment”).

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

A commune of the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.


Gramont

Variant of Grammont, from Middle French Grandmont. Corruption of Grand Mont


îles Égéennes

les îles Égéennes (canonical feminine plural)


mer Tyrrhène

la mer Tyrrhénienne
mer Tyrrhénienne#French

(archaic) Synonym of la mer Tyrrhénienne


Tyrrhénienne

Ellipsis of la mer Tyrrhénienne (“the Tyrrhenian Sea”).


isles Ægées

les isles Ægées (canonical feminine plural)

Archaic spelling of les îles Égées (“the Aegean Islands”).


îles Égées

les îles Égées (canonical feminine plural)


Égée

Haitian Creole: Eje

→ Persian: اژه (eže)


Égée

Borrowed from Latin aegaeus, as it was used in Aegaeum mare (“the Aegean Sea”), from Ancient Greek Αἰγαῖος (Aigaîos, “of or relating to Aegeus”).

der

Ellipsis of la mer Égée (“the Aegean Sea”).


océan Austral

Austral Ocean (the ocean surrounding Antarctica)


mer Tyrrhénienne

la mer Tyrrhénienne (canonical feminine)


Basses-Pyrénées

→ English: Basses-Pyrénées

→ Italian: Bassi Pirenei (calque)

desc

→ Ottoman Turkish: آشاغی پیرنه (Aşağı Pirene) (partial calque)

Ни́жние Пирене́и

→ Russian: Ни́жние Пирене́и (Nížnije Pirenéi) (partial calque)


Carpentras

Borrowed from Provençal Carpentràs, from Latin Carpentoracte, from Gaulish.


GIEC

L’approbation des résumés, par consensus, est toujours longue et complexe car les représentants des Etats, qui sont les membres du GIEC, négocient chaque ligne et chaque mot avec les auteurs.

2023 March 21, Audrey Garric, “Rapport du GIEC : une séance d’approbation ralentie par de nombreux blocages et tensions”, in Le Monde.fr:

w:fr:Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat

(climate change) Acronym of Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat (“Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC”, literally “intergovernmental expert group on climate evolution”).


Laghouat

der

Arabic الأَغْوَاط (al-ʔaḡwāṭ)


Dewarrat

Until the 16th century, this family was known as de Voarax or du Vuarrat. The patronymic, which later became Dewarrat, indicates that the family probably originated from Vuarat, a hamlet in Attalens, at the foot of Mont-Vuarat, canton of Fribourg, Switzerland.


Pigasse

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Tarn.

Albert Pigasse, b. 1887


Farabeuf

Historically most prevalent in Seine-et-Marne.

Louis Hubert Farabeuf, b. 1841


Exbrayat

Historically most prevalent in Haute-Loire.


Erlanger

Camille Erlanger, b. 1863

Frédéric d'Erlanger, b. 1868


Saint Sever de Rustan

Sᵗ Sever de Rustan attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Saint-Sever-de-Rustan. (village in Hautes-Pyrénées)


Montmouloux

Borrowed from Occitan Montmolós. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Moumoulous. (village in Hautes-Pyrénées)


Moumoulous

→ English: Moumoulous

Borrowed from Occitan Montmolós. Montmouloux attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Hautes-Pyrénées

Moumoulous (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Saint Marcelin

Former name of Saint-Marcellin-lès-Vaison.


Saint-Sever-de-Rustan

→ English: Saint-Sever-de-Rustan

Borrowed from Occitan Sent Sever d'Arrostanh. Sᵗ Sever de Rustan attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

bor+

Holonym: Hautes-Pyrénées

Saint-Sever-de-Rustan (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Vaison

Borrowed from Occitan Vaison, from Latin Vasiōnem. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Former name of Vaison-la-Romaine. (town in Vaucluse)


Saint-Marcellin-lès-Vaison

→ English: Saint-Marcellin-lès-Vaison

Saint-Marcellin + lès + Vaison. Previously Saint Marcelin (Cassini map, 1740s).

Holonym: Vaucluse

Saint-Marcellin-lès-Vaison (a village in the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Roaix

→ English: Roaix

Borrowed from Occitan Roais. Roays attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Vaucluse

Roaix (a village in the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Zéralda

Zeralda (a commune in the province of Algiers, Algeria)


Vaison-la-Romaine

→ English: Vaison-la-Romaine

Holonym: Vaucluse

Vaison-la-Romaine (a town in the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


OLP

w:fr:Organisation de libération de la Palestine

Initialism of Organisation de libération de la Palestine (“Palestine Liberation Organization”): PLO


Trois Glorieuses

les Trois Glorieuses (canonical feminine plural)

Ellipsis of trois glorieuses journées (literally “three glorious [days]”).

ellipsis

(history) The three days of the French July Revolution of 1830, from July 27 to 29.


Souvigniargues

Borrowed from Occitan Sauvinhargues. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Souvignargues. (village in Gard)


Fontanes de Leques

Borrowed from Occitan. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Former name of Fontanès. (village in Gard)


Souvignargues

→ English: Souvignargues

Borrowed from Occitan Sauvinhargues. Souvigniargues attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Gard

Souvignargues (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Fontanes

English: Fontanes


Le Mas d'Azil

Obsolete spelling of Le Mas-d’Azil. (small town in Ariège)


Le Mas-d'Azil

→ English: Le Mas d'Azil

Borrowed from Occitan Le Mas d'Asil. Le Mas d’Azil attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Ariège

Le Mas-d'Azil (a small town and commune of Ariège, Occitanie, France)


Fontanès

Borrowed from Occitan Fontanés.
*(village in gard): Fontanes de Leques attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Fontanès (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)

Holonym: Gard

Fontanès (a village in the Hérault department, Occitanie, France)


Fontanès

→ English: Fontanès

Holonym: Loire

Fontanès (a village in the Loire department, Occitanie, France)


Tournay

Borrowed from Occitan Tornai. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Tournay (a village in Hautes-Pyrénées, Occitanie)


Tournay

Inherited from Latin. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Tournai. (town in Wallonia)


Tournay

English: Tournay

From the former spelling of Tournai. Historically most prevalent in the Nord department.


Trente Glorieuses

fr-proper noun

les Trente Glorieuses f pl (plural only)

les Trente Glorieuses (canonical feminine plural)

Literally, “Glorious Thirty”, coined by French economist Jean Fourastié in 1979, a reference to les Trois Glorieuses.

coin

L’Europe continentale—et en particulier la France—vit dans une large mesure dans la nostalgie des Trente Glorieuses, c’est-à-dire de cette période de trente ans, de la fin des années 1940 à la fin des années 1970, où la croissance était exceptionnellement forte.

2013, Thomas Piketty, Le capital au XXIe siècle, Éditions du Seuil, →ISBN, page 161:

(economics) The Glorious Thirty, a thirty-year period of strong economic growth in France between 1945 and 1975.


Canet

English: Canet

Borrowed from Catalan Canet or Occitan Canet.

Holonym: Aude

Canet (a village in the Aude department, Occitanie, France)

Holonym: Hérault

Canet (a village in the Hérault department, Occitanie, France)

Former name of Canet-en-Roussillon. (town in Pyrénées-Orientales)


Canet

English: Canet

Either from Catalan Canet (via Spanish), Occitan Canet or Middle French.


Flandre-Orientale

Holonym: Flandre


Flandre-Occidentale

Holonym: Flandre


Theza

Obsolete spelling of Théza. (town near Perpignan)


Saleilles

English: Saleilles

Borrowed from Catalan Salelles. Salleles attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Saleilles (a small town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Alenya

Borrowed from Catalan Alenyà. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Alénya. (town near Perpignan)


Alénya

English: Alénya

Borrowed from Catalan Alenyà. Alenya attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Alénya (a small town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Têt

Têt (a river of Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie, France)


Tech

Borrowed from Catalan Tec. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Tech (a river of Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie, France)


Villeneuve-de-la-Raho

English: Villeneuve-de-la-Raho

Borrowed from Catalan Vilanova de Raó. Villeneuve de la Raho attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Villeneuve-de-la-Raho (a town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Ille-sur-Têt

English: Ille-sur-Têt

Ille + sur + Têt. Previously Ille, from Catalan Illa.

Ille-sur-Têt (a town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Agly

Borrowed from Catalan Aglí. Lagly attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Théza

English: Théza

Borrowed from Catalan Tesà. Theza attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Théza (a small town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Arles-sur-Tech

→ Catalan: Arles de Tec

→ English: Arles-sur-Tech

Arles + sur + Tech. Previously Arles, from Catalan Arles.

Holonym: Vallespir

Arles-sur-Tech (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Phocée

From Latin Phōcaea, from Ancient Greek Φώκαια (Phṓkaia).


Montjoie

* (Montjoie-en-Couserans): Borrowed from Occitan Montjòi. Montjoy attested on the Cassini map (1740s), Monjoie on the Carte d'état-major (1820-1866).

Holonym: Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Monschau (a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)


Bouleternère

→ English: Bouleternère

Boule Ternere[?] attested on the Cassini map (1740s), from Catalan Bulaternera.

Bouleternère (a village in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Vinça

English: Vinça

Borrowed from Catalan Vinçà. Vincac attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Meronym: Sahorle

Vinça (a small town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Rodès

→ English: Rodès

Borrowed from Catalan Rodès. Rhodés attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Rodès (a village in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Bobovnikoff

Borrowed from Russian Бобовников (Bobovnikov).


Saint Lizier

Sᵀ Lizier attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Saint-Lizier. (village in Ariège)


Saint Lizier d'Ustou

Saint Lizier d’ Ustou (canonical masculine)

Sᵗ Lizier d'Ustou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Saint-Lizier d’Ustou
Saint-Lizier d'Ustou#French

Obsolete spelling of Saint-Lizier d’Ustou. (village in Ustou, Ariège)


Blagnac

→ English: Blagnac

Holonym: Haute-Garonne

Blagnac (a town in the Haute-Garonne department, Occitanie, France)


Trein d'Ustou

Former name of Trein. (village in Ustou, Ariège)


Blaignac

→ English: Blaignac

Holonym: Gironde

Blaignac (a town in the Gironde department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Mérignac

→ English: Mérignac

Holonym: Gironde

Mérignac (a town in the Gironde department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Trein

Borrowed from Occitan. Trein d’Ustou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Ustou

A village in Ustou, Ariège department, Occitanie, France


Saint-Lizier d'Ustou

Saint-Lizier d’ Ustou (canonical masculine)

Borrowed from Occitan. Sᵗ Lizier d’Ustou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Synonym of Saint-Lizier (village in Ustou, Ariège)


Mouliery

Borrowed from Occitan. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Mouliéris. (toponym of Saint-Lizier)


Llorach

Borrowed from Catalan Llorach or via Spanish Llorach.


Optevoz

→ English: Optevoz

Obtevoz attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Optevoz (a village in the Isère department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Ustou

→ English: Ustou

Borrowed from Occitan Uston. Sᵗ Lizier d’Ustou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Couserans

Meronyms: Bielle, Saint-Lizier, Sérac, Trein

Ustou (a village in the Ariège department, Occitanie, France)


Gaule chevelue

Calque of Latin Gallia comāta (“hairy Gaul”).


Gaulle

Partie de la Gaulle hors des limites de Garonne & de Seine vers le Mydi, entre les Alpes, les Ceuennes, & le mont Iura.

1627, Philibert Monet, Abbrege du parallele des langues Francoise & Latine, volume Premier, Pont-à-Mousson: Compagnie de Iesus, GA, page 721:

Part of Gaul outside the boundaries of the Garonne and Seine towards the Midi, between the Alps, the Cévennes, and the Jura mountain.

Au reſte leurs Gouuernemens ne furent pas confondus dans les meſmes contrées comme les années precedentes mais ils furent ſeparez de telle ſorte que l’vn ſeroit enuoyé à l’vne des extremitez de l’Italie contre Annibal dans le Pays de Brutiens, & dans celuy des Lucaniens; & l’autre dans la Gaulle à l’autre extremité de l’Italie contre Aſdrubal; car il couroit vn grand bruit qu’il approchoit deſia des Alpes.

1653, Titus Livius, “Troisieme Decade”, in P. Dv-Ryer, transl., Des Decades de Titelive, volume Second, Paris, page 863:

Moreover, their governments were not mixed in the same regions as in previous years, but they were separated in such a way that one would be sent to one of the extremities of Italy against Hannibal in the land of the Brutians, and in that of the Lucanians; and the other to Gaul at the other end of Italy against Hasdrubal; for there was a great rumour that he was already approaching the Alps.

Du point de vue diachronique la composition coordonnée précède la composition déterminative, qui remonte à des modèles déjà latins (comme Gallo-Graecus « Grec de la Gaulle » qui, à son tour, est d’origine grecque; cf. Hatcher 1951: 57s.).

1990, “Remarques sur l’Emploi des Adjectifs Géographiques Composés du Type « Canado-Allemand » en Français”, in Jean-Claude Boulanger, editor, Actes du XVIe Congrès international des sciences onomastiques, volume XVI, Québec: Presses de l'Université Laval, →ISBN, Remarques Préliminaires, page 529:

From a diachronic perspective, composition coordonnée precedes composition déterminative, which dates back to models already present in Latin (such as Gallo-Graecus, meaning "Greek of Gaul," which, in turn, has Greek origins; see Hatcher 1951: p. 57 ff.).

Obsolete form of Gaule, usually found today in personal names. (But the surname of Charles de Gaulle is believed to be homonymous, not cognate).


Quillévéré

Borrowed from Breton. Historically most prevalent in Finistère.

Katell Quillévéré, b. 1980


Haenel

Adèle Haenel, b. 1989


Achache

Jean Achache, b. 1952


Ledrue

English: Ledrue


Landru

English: Landru

Historically most prevalent in Pas-de-Calais.


Allais

English: Allais


Ledru

English: Ledru


Farreng

English: Farreng

Laurence Farreng, b. 1966


Pampellonne

Obsolete spelling of Pampelonne. (village in Tarn, France)


Pompélona

Holonym: Tarraconaise

(historical) Pompelo (a city in Hispania)


Pampelune

Holonym: Navarre


Pampelonne

Borrowed from Occitan Pampalona. Pampellonne attested on the Cassini map (1740s). Named after Pamplona.

Holonym: Tarn

Pampelonne (a village in the Tarn department, Occitanie, France)


Trieux

→ English: Trieux

English: Truex, Truax, Truaxe

→ Dutch: Trieux

→ English: Trieux

English: Truex, Truax, Truaxe

From trieux, from Walloon try (trixhe < triche), from Dutch driesch.


Monsanglant

/mɔ̃.sɑ̃.ɡlɑ̃/


Oulié

English: Oulie


Ousteau

Borrowed from Occitan Ostau. Historically most prevalent in Hautes-Pyrénées.


Ouillon

Borrowed from Occitan Olhon. Historically most prevalent in Haute-Loire.


Orgeis

Obsolete spelling of Orgeix. (Village in Ariège)


Sauxure

Former name of Saulxures. (village in Bas-Rhin)

Former name of Saulxures-lès-Nancy. (town in Meurthe-et-Moselle)


Tombelaine

Attested on the Cassini map (1740s). Mentioned as Rocher de Tombelaine on Géoportail.

Holonym: Genêts

An island in the Manche department, Normandy, France


Tomblaine

A town in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department, Grand Est, France


Sauxure lez Bulgnéville

Obsolete spelling of Saulxures-lès-Bulgnéville. (village in Vosges)


Ouilhon

English: Ouilhon

Borrowed from Occitan Olhon. Historically most prevalent in Pyrénées-Atlantiques.


Vôges

Attested on the Cassini map (1740s) in Saussure en Vôges.


Ousset

English: Ousset


Saussure en Vôges

Former name of Saulxures-sur-Moselotte. (village in Vosges)


Bulgnéville

A village in the Vosges department, Grand Est, France


Genêts

English: Genêts

Geneſt attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Meronym: Tombelaine

A village in the Manche department, Normandy, France.


Orensanz

Borrowed from Occitan Orensanz or Spanish Orensanz. Historically most prevalent in Pyrénées-Atlantiques.


Oustalet

English: Oustalet

Borrowed from Occitan Ostalet. Historically most prevalent in Hautes-Pyrénées and Haute-Garonne.

Émile Oustalet, b. 1844


Saulxures-lès-Nancy

Sauxure attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Saulxures-sur-Moselotte

Saussure en Vôges attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

A town in the Vosges department, Grand Est, France


Sucy-en-Brie

Sucy attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

A town in the Val-de-Marne department, Île-de-France, France


Orgeix

→ English: Orgeix

Borrowed from Occitan Orgeish. Orgeis attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Orgeix (a village in the Ariège department, Occitanie, France)


Saulxures

A village in the Bas-Rhin department, Grand Est, France

A village in the Haute-Marne department, Grand Est, France


Tremblay-en-France

Tremblay attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

A town in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, Île-de-France, France


Saulxures-lès-Bulgnéville

Sauxure lez Bulgnéville attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Saulxures-lès-Vannes

Sauxure les Vannes attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Orlu

→ English: Orlu

Borrowed from Occitan Orlun. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Orlu (a village in the Ariège department, Occitanie, France)


Sucy

(Town): Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Sucy (a small river in Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France)


Sucy

Former name of Sucy-en-Brie. (town in Val-de-Marne)


Oustau

→ English: Oustau

Borrowed from Occitan Ostau. Historically most prevalent in Haute-Garonne.

Laurence Oustau, b. 1835


Bréant

→ English: Breant


Hitte

Borrowed from Occitan Hita. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Hitte (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Oueilloux

Borrowed from Occitan Uelhons. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Oueilloux (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Ordizan

Borrowed from Occitan Ordisan. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Ordizan (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Antist

Borrowed from Occitan Antist. Antiſt ttested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Antist (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Juillan

Borrowed from Occitan Julhan. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Juillan (a town in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Cizos

Borrowed from Occitan Cidòs. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Cizos (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Azereix

Borrowed from Occitan Asereish. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Azereix (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Ortet

→ English: Ortet


Ollier

→ English: Ollier


Gez-ez-Angles

→ English: Gez-ez-Angles

From Occitan Gès. Ges des Angles attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Gez-ez-Angles (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Ossun-ez-Angles

→ English: Ossun-ez-Angles

From Occitan Ossun. Oſsun des Angles attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Ossun-ez-Angles (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Orignac

Borrowed from Occitan Orinhac.
(Village): Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Orignac (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Ossau

→ English: Ossau


Osmin

→ English: Osmin


Ossun

Borrowed from Occitan Ossun.
(Town): Oſsun attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Ossun (a town in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Ossun

→ English: Ossun


Saint Mamet

Sᵗ Mamet attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Former name of Saint-Mamert-du-Gard. (village in Gard)


Vaqueiroles

Obsolete spelling of Vaquerolles. (farm in Nîmes, Gard)


Levesou

Borrowed from Occitan Leveson. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Lévézou. (region of Aveyron)


Caveirac

→ English: Caveirac

Borrowed from Occitan Cavairac. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Caveirac (a town in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Valdegour

Holonym: Pissevin-Valdegour

Valdegour (a district of Nîmes, Gard, Occitanie)


Fons outre Gardon

Obsolete spelling of Fons-outre-Gardon. (village in Gard)


Fons-outre-Gardon

Fons outre Gardon attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Pissevin

Holonym: Pissevin-Valdegour

Pissevin (a district of Nîmes, Gard, Occitanie)


Clarensac

→ English: Clarensac

Borrowed from Occitan Clarençac. Clarenſac attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Clarensac (a town in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Saint Beauzely de Levesou

Sᵗ Beauzely de Levesou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Former name of Saint-Beauzély. (village in Aveyron)


Saint Beauzelly outre Gardon

Sᵗ Beauzelly outre Gardon attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Former name of Saint-Bauzély. (village in Gard)


Lévézou

→ English: Lévézou

Borrowed from Occitan Leveson. Levesou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Lévézou (a plateau in the Aveyron department, Occitanie, France)


Saint-Mamert-du-Gard

→ English: Saint-Mamert-du-Gard

Occitan Sant Mamet. Sᵗ Mamet attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Saint-Mamert-du-Gard (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Montignargues

→ English: Montignargues

Borrowed from Occitan Montinhargues. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Gard

Montignargues (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Saint-Bauzély

→ English: Saint-Bauzély

Borrowed from Occitan Sent Bausèli. Sᵗ Beauzelly outre Gardon attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Saint-Bauzély (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Saint-Beauzély

→ English: Saint-Beauzély

Borrowed from Occitan Sent Bausèli. Sᵗ Beauzely de Levesou attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Saint-Beauzély (a village in the Aveyron department, Occitanie, France)


Gardon

Borrowed from Occitan Gardon, from the Roman name, Latin Vardo, possibly of pre-Roman origin, but compare the river Varus. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonyms: Gard, Lozère

Gardon (a right tributary of the Rhône in Occitanie, France)


Vaquerolles

Borrowed from Occitan. Vaqueiroles attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Nîmes

Vaquerolles (a farm in Nîmes, Gard, Occitanie)


Parignargues

→ English: Parignargues

Borrowed from Occitan Parinhargues. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Parignargues (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Pissevin-Valdegour

Holonym: Nîmes

Meronyms: Pissevin, Valdegour

Pissevin-Valdegour (a district of Nîmes, Gard, Occitanie)


Royaume d'Espagne

Royaume d’ Espagne (canonical masculine)

Kingdom of Spain
Kingdom of Spain#English

Kingdom of Spain (official name of Spain)


Jankélévitch

Borrowed from Russian Янкеле́вич (Jankelévič).

bor+

Vladimir Jankélévitch, b. 1903


Chêne de Charles

Chêne de Charles II (canonical masculine)


Chêne de Charles II

Chêne de Charles
Chêne de Charles#French

(historical) Synonym of Chêne de Charles (“Robur Carolinum”)


Gargantua

(fiction) A giant with a very large appetite in François Rabelais' Gargantua and Pantagruel.


Soljenitsyne

Borrowed from Russian Солженицын (Solženicyn).

Солженицын Солженицын#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Солженицын (Solženicyn, “Solzhenitsyn”)


Astruc

Borrowed from Occitan Astruc. Historically most prevalent in Hérault and Lozère.


Sainté

Clipping of Saint-Étienne (“Saint-Étienne”)

clipping

(informal) Clipping of Saint-Étienne (a city in France).


Cram-Chaban

→ English: Cram-Chaban

Cram + Chaban. Cram le Hameau, Cram le Prieure and Chaban attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Charente-Maritme

Cram-Chaban (a village in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Chaban

Holonym: Cram-Chaban

Chaban (a hamlet of Cram-Chaban, Charente-Maritime, Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Chaban

→ English: Chaban


Mauzé-sur-le-Mignon

→ English: Mauzé-sur-le-Mignon

MAUZE attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Deux-Sèvres

Mauzé-sur-le-Mignon (a town in the Deux-Sèvres department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Betafo

Betafo (a town in Vakinankaratra, Madagascar)


Torcé

→ English: Torcé

Holonym: Ille-et-Vilaine

Torcé (a village in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France)


Mauzé

(Mauzé-sur-le-Mignon): Attested as MAUZE on the Cassini map (1740s).
:(farm in Torcé): Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Former name of Mauzé-sur-le-Mignon. (town in Deux-Sèvres)

A farm in Torcé, Ille-et-Vilaine department, Brittany, France.


Caramel

→ English: Caramel

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Hérault.


Noylhiac

Borrowed from Occitan Noalhac. Attested in N. D. de Noylhiac on the Cassini map (1740s).


N. D.

Attested in N. D. de Noylhiac on the Cassini map (1740s).


Noailhac

→ English: Noailhac

From Occitan Noalhac. Attested as N. D. de Noylhiac on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Tarn

Noailhac (a village in the Tarn department, Occitanie, France)


Notre-Dame

(by ellipsis) Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris


Rascol

→ English: Rascol

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Tarn.


Notre Dame de Noylhiac

Borrowed from Occitan Nòstra Dama de Noalhac. Attested as N. D. de Noylhiac on the Cassini map (1740s).

bor+

Former name of Noailhac. (village in Tarn)


Boissezon

→ English: Boissezon

Borrowed from Occitan Boisseson. Attested as Boiẞezon on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Tarn

Boissezon (a village in the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Dutriez

→ English: Dutriez

Historically most prevalent in the Nord and Pas-de-Calais departments.


Bradfer

→ English: Bradfer

Historically most prevalent in Wallonia.

Ernest Bradfer, b. 1833


Prigojine

Borrowed from Russian Пригожин (Prigožin). Doublet of Prigogine.


Itxassou

Itxassou (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Arbonne

Arbonne (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Arcangues

From Occitan Arcangos, from Basque Arrangoitze.

Arcangues (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Macaye

Macaye (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Ascarat

Ascarat (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Guéthary

From Occitan Guetari, from Basque Getaria.

Guéthary (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)

a toponymic surname from Occitan [in turn from Basque]