Pot-au-Noir

On approchait du Pot-au-Noir, redouté des anciens navigateurs. Les vents propres aux deux hémisphères s’arrêtent de part et d’autre de cette zone où les voiles pendait pendant des semaines, sans un souffle pour les animer.

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter VIII, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 79; republished as John & Doreen Weightman, transl., Tristes Tropiques, Penguin, 2011, →ISBN:

— We were approaching Le Pot-au-Noir (the Doldrums) which was greatly feared by the old navigators. The winds peculiar to both hemispheres stop on either side of this area, and the sails would hang for weeks on end without a single breath of wind to stir them into life.


Lystre

Lystra (an ancient city in central Anatolia, in modern Turkey)


Perside

From the Latin Persis (stem: Persid-), from Ancient Greek Περσίς (Persís), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (p-a-r-s).


Lysias

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λυσίας (Lusías).


Nicopolis

Nicopolis (ancient capital of the province of Epirus Vetus of the Roman Empire, in modern Greece)


Ésaü

(biblical) Esau (son of Isaac and Rebekah)


Énée

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Aeneas


Éliakim

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew אֶלְיָקִ֥ים (literally “God raises up”).

Eliakim, son of Hilkiah
w:Eliakim, son of Hilkiah

(biblical) Eliakim (any of three men of this name, especially Eliakim, son of Hilkiah)


Cyrène

Holonym: Cyrénaïque


Galatie

Holonym: Anatolie

Meronym: Ancyre


Éphraïm

From Hebrew אֶפְרַיִם (Efráyim, “Ephraim”, literally “fruitful”).

der

(biblical) Ephraim (son of Joseph, progenitor of one of the twelve tribes of Israel)

a male given name, equivalent to English Ephraim


Démétrius

Borrowed from Latin Demetrius, from Ancient Greek Δημήτριος (Dēmḗtrios).

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Demetrius


Corneille

Borrowed from Latin Cornēlius. Alternatively from Breton Kornéli.

a male given name from Latin or Breton, equivalent to English Cornelius

Pierre Corneille, b. 1606


baie de Guanabara

Le 10 novembre, Villegaignon mouille dans la baie de Guanabara, où Français et Portugais se disputaient depuis plusieurs années les faveurs des indigènes.

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter 9, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 90:

On November 10th, Villegaignon anchored in the bay of Guanabara, where for several years the French and the Portuguese had been vying with each other in wooing the natives.

Guanabara Bay (a bay in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)


Coré

Borrowed from Hebrew קורח / קֹרַח (kórakh).

he-m

קורח / קֹרַח (kórakh)


Villegaignon

Villegaignon fonde, sur une île en pleine baie, le Fort-Coligny; les Indiens le construisent, ils ravitaillent la petite colonie; mais vite dégoûtés de donner sans recevoir, ils se sauvent, désertent leurs villages.

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter IX, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 91; republished as John & Doreen Weightman, transl., Tristes Tropiques, Penguin, 2011, →ISBN:

— Villegaignon founded Fort Coligny on an island right in the centre of the bay; Indians built it and kept the small colony provided with food; but they soon wearied of giving without receiving anything in return, and fled, abandoning their villages.


Céphas

Haitian Creole: Sefas


Cenchrées

Kechries (a village in Corinthia, Peloponnese, Greece)


Bethléhem

Bethlehem (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


Aristobule

From Latin Aristobūlus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀριστόβουλος (Aristóboulos).

der

Ἀριστόβουλος


Aristarque

Borrowed from Latin Aristarchus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀρίσταρχος (Arístarkhos).

(historical, Ancient Greece) Aristarchus (an Ancient Greek given name)


Vallée des rois

Valley of the Kings (Egyptian valley known for its tombs)


Apollonie

Borrowed from Latin Apollōnia, from Ancient Greek Ἀπολλωνία (Apollōnía).

a female given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Apollonia


Cnide

From Latin Cnidus, from Ancient Greek Κνίδος (Knídos).


Tamanduatehy

Sur le talus descendant vers le Tamanduatehy et qui domine les quartiers populaires du Braz et de la Penha, subsistaient encore en 1935 quelques ruelles provinciales et des largos : places carrées et herbues, entourées de maisons basses à toit de tuiles et à petites fenêtres grillagées, peintes à la chaux, [...]

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter XI, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 109; republished as John & Doreen Weightman, transl., Tristes Tropiques, Penguin, 2011, →ISBN:

— On the slope which leads down to the Tamanduatehy and overlooks the working-class districts of Braz and Penha, there still remained, in 1935, a few small provinvial streets and largos, grassy squares surrounded by low, tiled and whitewashed houses with small barred windows.


Amphipolis

From Ancient Greek Ἀμφίπολις (Amphípolis, “around the city”).


Penha

A municipality of Santa Catarina, Brazil


Ville de Québec

Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Léthé

Il n’a pas réchauffé ce cadavre hébété / Où coule au lieu de sang l’eau verte du Léthé.

1857, Charles Baudelaire, “Spleen (« Je suis comme le roi d’un pays pluvieux »)”, in Les Fleurs du mal [The Flowers of Evil], Paris: Poulet-Malassis et De Broise:


Frobisher Bay

Frobisher Bay (a bay at the southern end of Baffin Island, Canada)

Frobisher Bay (the former name of Iqaluit, the capital city of Nunavut, Canada)


Livie

Livia (wife of Roman emperor Augustus Caesar)

a female given name, equivalent to English Livia


Poppée

(historical) a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Poppaea


OMPI

w:fr:Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle

(UN) Initialism of Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (“WIPO”).


Sorbonne

English: Sorbonne

From Sorbon + -e. Feminine equivalent of Sorbon. From Robert de Sorbon, founder of The Sorbonne.


TAAF

Initialism of Terres australes et antarctiques françaises.

init of

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
French Southern and Antarctic Lands


Isaïe

From the Latin Īsāiās, the Vulgate spelling of Ēsāiās, from the Ancient Greek Ἠσαΐας (Ēsaḯas), from the Biblical Hebrew יְשַׁעְיָהוּ (yəšaʿyā́hū).

der

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Isaiah


Haute-Loire

A department of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France


Puy-de-Dôme

Puy-de-Dôme (a department of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Loire-Atlantique

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

Loire-Atlantique (a department of Pays de la Loire, France)


Eure-et-Loir

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Eure-et-Loir (a department of Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Pyrénées-Atlantiques (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Haute-Vienne

Haute-Vienne (a department of Limousin, France)


Bouches-du-Rhône

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Bouches-du-Rhône (a department of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Lot-et-Garonne

Lot-et-Garonne (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Charente-Maritime

Charente-Maritime (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Chartres

Modern French pronunciation of Latin Carnūtēs, name of a Gaulish tribe, from a Celtic root for “rock, stone”.

Chartres (a town, the department capital of Eure-et-Loir, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


CAC

Depuis juin 1986, la Bourse de Paris est complètement informatisée grâce à la mise en place du système CAC (Cotation Assistée en Continu), remplacé en juin 1995 par la technologie NSC (Nouveau Système de Cotation) ou SUPER CAC.

2010, André Locussol, Comprendre la crise et l'actualité économique en 2010: 2000 définitions sous forme de mini-cours, Éditions Le Manuscrit, pages 76–77:

Mis en place en juin 1986, le CAC a été progressivement étendu à l’ensemble des valeurs à Paris et en province.

2013, Olivier Coispeau, Dictionnaire de la Bourse, SÉFI:

2014, R.-J. Berg and Heather McCoy, Parlons affaires!: Initiation au français economique et commercial (Troisième Edition), Heinle Cengage Learning, page 8

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Certain pensent que ce chiffre ne cessera de croître, alors que d’autres remarquent l’absence de femmes PDG et Directeur général dans les grandes enterprises du CAC.

Cotation Assistée en Continu
w:Cotation Assistée en Continu

(business, economics, finance) Initialism of Cotation Assistée en Continu, the electronic trading system used by the Paris Bourse stock exchange

Cotation Assistée en Continu

Example stock market indices: CAC 40, CAC Next 20, CAC Mid 60, CAC Small, CAC All-Tradable.

(stock market, by extension) the main stock market index code for the French stock market, the Paris Bourse


REN

Renaissance
w:Renaissance (French political party)

(French politics) Abbreviation of Renaissance.


Appalaches

Appalachians (a mountain range in North America)


Carolines

Caroline Islands
Caroline Islands#English

Federated States of Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia#English

Caroline Islands (archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, politically divided between the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau)


Cerbère

Borrowed from Latin Cerberus, from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).


Charols

Charols (a village and commune of the Drôme department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Erdogan

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (1954–), the current President of Turkey.


Ségou

A city in south-central Mali, lying 235 kilometres (146 mi) northeast of Bamako on the River Niger


Cordoue

Córdoba (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Cantorbéry

Canterbury (a cathedral city in Kent, England)


Delphes

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δελφοί (Delphoí).


HADOPI

intellectual property
intellectual property#English

(Internet) Acronym of Haute Autorité pour la diffusion des œuvres et la protection des droits sur Internet (a French organisation for protecting intellectual property on the Internet)


Hathor

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἅθωρ (Háthōr).


Polytechnique

(France, informal) the École Polytechnique, a major institute of higher learning outside of Paris


Épicure

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἐπίκουρος (Epíkouros).

the 4th-3rd century BCE Hellenistic philosopher Epicurus of Samos


Sanctus

Le point douteux est la fin du texte : une doxologie ‘finale’ avant le Sanctus.

1981, H. E. G. Wegman, “Une Anaphore incomplète? Les Fragments sur Papyrus Strasbourg Gr. 254”, in R. van den Broek, M. J. Vermaseren, editors, Studies in Gnosticism and Hellenistic Religions, page 432:

The point that is dubious is the end of the text: a ‘final’ doxology before the Sanctus.


Bourbon

The French Bourbon dynasty is named for the lordship of Bourbon l'Archambault. The town's name derives from Gaulish Borvo, a local Celtic deity associated with hot springs, from Proto-Celtic *borvo (“froth, foam”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to be hot, boil”).

der

Bourbon, a European dynasty that formerly reigned in France and now reigns in Spain

Bourbon-l’Archambault, a commune in France


Saint-Germain-des-Prés

An area in Paris where a former abbey of the same name once stood

any of several communes in other parts of France


MPO

micropolykystose ovarienne
micropolykystose ovarienne#French

syndrome de Stein-Leventhal
syndrome de Stein-Leventhal#French

polycystic ovary syndrome
polycystic ovary syndrome#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of micropolykystose ovarienne. (syndrome de Stein-Leventhal (“polycystic ovary syndrome”))


îles Malouines

desc

→ Spanish: islas Malvinas (partial calque)

From malouin (“of Saint-Malo”), so named by explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville in 1764 because they were occupied by sailors from the French port of Saint-Malo.

Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands#English:_Q9648

Falkland Islands (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, located in the South Atlantic)


Immaculée Conception

Immaculate Conception
Immaculate Conception


Maréchal

a French surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Marshall, see Marechal


Madère

From Portuguese madeira (“wood, timber”).


Caraïbes

Haitian Creole: Karayib


Mélanésie

→ Dutch: Melanesië

→ English: Melanesia

→ German: Melanesien

Coined by Jules Dumont d'Urville, from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas, “dark”) + νῆσος (nêsos, “island”), referring to the skin color of the inhabitants.


Nismes

From Middle French Nismes. NISMES attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Obsolete spelling of Nîmes. (city in Gard)


Minorque

From Late Latin Minorca, from Latin balearis minor. Compare Majorque.


Modène

Modena (a province of Emilia-Romagna, Italy)

Modena (a city in Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy)


Dauphiné

→ Bulgarian: Дофине (Dofine)

→ Czech: Dauphiné

→ English: Dauphiné

→ German: Dauphiné

→ Greek: Ντωφινέ (Ntofiné)

→ Ottoman Turkish: دوفینه (Dofine)

Turkish: Dofine

→ Persian: دوفینه (dofine)

→ Russian: Дофине́ (Dofiné)

→ Ukrainian: Дофіне́ (Dofiné)


Desjardins

From des (“of the”) + jardins (“gardens”).

a surname, particularly common in Quebec


Nivernais

(historical) A province of France, with its capital in Nevers.


Aimé

a male given name, feminine equivalent Aimée


Barnabé

a male given name, equivalent to English Barnaby or Barnabas


Eudes

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Odo


Charlot

From Charlie + -ot, after Charlie Chaplin.

a diminutive of the male given name Charles, feminine equivalent Charlotte

[…] il était travesti en Charlot et tenait à la main une petite moustache noire qu’il enduisait de colle.

[…] he was dressed up as Charlie Chaplin and holding a small black moustache, which he was coating with glue.

(theater, film) the Tramp (character portrayed by Charlie Chaplin)


Bertin

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-place Ingénieur-Jean-Bertin.wav


Ursule

a female given name, equivalent to English Ursula


Philomène

From Ancient Greek Φιλομένα (Philoména).

a female given name, equivalent to English Philomena


Mauricette

a female given name, a feminine diminutive form of Maurice


CIPM

(physics, standardisation) Initialism of Comité international des poids et mesures.

fr:Comité international des poids et mesures


Pompéi

Pompeii (an ancient city in the Roman Empire, in modern Italy)


Saint-Domingue

(now historical) Saint-Domingue (a former French colony on the island of Hispaniola, roughly equivalent to modern-day Haiti)

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Santo Domingo (the capital city of the Dominican Republic)


Boulibaba

Enfin nous arrivâmes à Boulibaba, village habité par des Foulahs pasteurs, qui passent une partie de l’année dans les bois, et ne se nourrissent que de lait assaisonné du fruit du baobab.

1830, René Caillié, Voyage à Tombouctou, Paris: La Découverte, published 1996, →ISBN, page 47:

An unidentified former settlement in West Africa


Gandiolle

Nous partîmes, le 5 février 1819, de Gandiolle, village du royaume de Cayor, situé à peu de distance du Sénégal.

1830, René Caillié, Voyage à Tombouctou, Paris: La Découverte, published 1996, →ISBN, page 45:

Alternative spelling of Gandiol, a town and municipality of Senegal


Ghiolof

Arrivés sur les frontières du Cayor, nous trouvâmes un désert qui le sépare du Ghiolof. On sait qu’autrefois ces deux pays appartenaient au même souverain, qui les gouvernait sous le titre de bour (ou empereur), [...]

1830, René Caillié, Voyage à Tombouctou, Paris: La Découverte, published 1996, →ISBN, page 46:

(obsolete) A former country in West Africa


Sélénite

Selenite, Lunarian (resident or native of the moon)


Congos

Depuis un peu plus de deux mois, près de 110 000 personnes — essentiellement des femmes et des enfants — ont franchi la frontière entre les deux Congos et se sont éparpillés le long de l’Oubangui sur près de 500 kilomètres.

2010 January 11, Jean-Pierre Tuquoi, Le Monde:


Justin

a male given name, equivalent to English Justin


Boundou

Bondu (former state in present-day Senegal)


Boulibané

Enfin, nous sommes dans le Bondou. M. Partarrieu, qui redoutait extrêmement la rencontre de l’almamy, voulait éviter Boulibané, sa résidence ordinaire, pour gagner promptement et directement Bakel ; mais les habitants de Potako, second village que nous trouvâmes, manifestèrent la volonté de s’opposer à ce projet.

1830, René Caillié, Voyage à Tombouctou, Paris: La Découverte, published 1996, →ISBN, page 49:

Finally, we find ourselves in Bondu. Mr Partarrieu, who was extremely reluctant to meet the almami [Fula leader], wanted to avoid Bulibani, his usual place of residence, and quickly head straight to Bakel; but the inhabitants of Potako, the second village that we came across, expressed their opposition to this plan.

Bulibani (a former town in modern Senegal)


Bœotie

Il y a eu pluſieurs Thebes ; mais il faut entendre icy celle de Bœotie , qui fut bâtie par Cadmus , & qui eſt celebre par la naiſſance de Bacchus , & par la mort d’Oedipe.

1691, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Dacier & Jean van den Aveele, Les Oeuvres d’Horace, page 108:


Eubœe

Et peut on opoſer à la priſe de Samos, que Pericles prir à force, le recouurement de Tarente, & à l’iſle d’Eubœe les villes de la Campagne, qu’il retira, exceptee celle de Capouë, que les Conſuls Furius & Appius recouurerment.

1642, Plutarchus, Charles de L'Écluse, Jacques Amyot, Cornelius. - Nepos, Donato. - Acciajuoli & Simon Goulart, Les Vies des Hommes Illvstres Grec et Romains, page 364:


Phœnicie

Pour cét effet , comme il avoit toûjours une puiſſante armée ſur pied , il entre tout‐à‐coup , au mois d’Octobre de l’année ſuivante, dans la Paleſtine , s’avance vers la Phœnicie ; & lors qu’il étoit ſur le point d’aller inveſtir Ptolemaïs , l’Emir qu’il avoit fait ſon Lieutenant général , croyant prendre ſa place par la faveur des ſoldats , l’empoiſonna.

1676, Louïs Maimbourg, Histoire des Croisades pour la Delivrance de la Terre Sainte, page 552:


Xiongnu

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 匈奴 (Xiōngnú). Possibly a doublet of Hun.

(historical) Xiongnu; An ancient nomadic people of the Steppe, north of Han Dynasty China


Roubaix

Probably of Frankish origin, from *rausa (“reed”) + *baki (“brook”), from Proto-Germanic *rauzą + *bakiz. For the first element see roseau (“reed”).

Volume 24 of the Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. New York, International Publishers
Extract from article “Two Model Town Councils” written by Frederick Engels, originally published in The Labour Standard No. 8 on June 25, 1881

1989, Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Collected works: Marx and Engels, 1874-83, page 394

Shortly before the establishment of the Labour Standard, there was a strike of factory operatives in the town of Roubaix, close on the Belgian frontier.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

1929, Norman Giles, Keerboskloof: A Novel, OCLC 9736252, page 9

Groenvlei was a fine old plaas, with curling gables and brown thatched roof. The de Roubaix family had occupied it for many scores years.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Patronymic name affixed with “de”, given after the city's name: Roubaix


RDC

République de Chine
République de Chine#French

République démocratique du Congo
République démocratique du Congo#French

Initialism of République démocratique du Congo.


Marais breton

a marshy region situated on the Atlantic coast between Brittany and the Vendée


Inrap

Acronym of Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives.

(France) the National Institute of Preventative Archaeological Researches


Tricastin

a historic region between Drôme and Vaucluse


Thoulouse

Émile Thoulouse, b. 1859


CESR

w:Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements

(astrophysics) Initialism of Centre d’Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements.


Delon

→ English: Delon


Gasthaus

(very rare) a surname from German, equivalent to English Gasthaus


Loulou

From the first syllable of Louis, Louise and thence reduplicated

a diminutive of the female given name Louise, equivalent to English Lulu

a diminutive of the male given name Louis


Sèvres

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Sèvres.wav


NGCC

Navire de Garde côtière canadienne#French

Initialism of Navire de Garde côtière canadienne (Canadian Coast Guard Ship)


CGCC

Cotre de Garde côtière canadienne#French

Initialism of Cotre de Garde côtière canadienne (Canadian Coast Guard Cutter)


NECM

Navire école des cadets de la Marine#French

Initialism of Navire école des cadets de la Marine (Sea Cadet Training Ship)


NAFC

Navire auxiliaire des Forces canadiennes#French

Initialism of Navire auxiliaire des Forces canadiennes (Canadian Forces Auxiliary Vessel)


Vulcain

(astronomy, historical) Vulcan (hypothetical planet)


Soleil

Le Soleil se lève à l’est et se couche à l’ouest.

The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.


Ææa

[1626] From Latin Ææa, attested in Ovid's Metamorphoses.

Persa, une des Océanides, surnommée Æa ou Ææa, du nom de la ville capitale de la Colchide, où elle régnoit.

1806, Ovide, translated by Mathieu-Guillaume-Thérèse Villenave, Les métamorphoses d’Ovide : Traduction nouvelle avec le texte latin suivie d’une analyse de l’explication des fables, volume II, F. Gay, Ch. Guestard, page 201:

Persa, one of the Oceanids, also known as Æa or Ææa, after the name of the capital city of Colchis, where she reigned.

(Greek mythology) another name for various goddesses in Greek mythology

Ææa fut aussi le surnom de Circé, fille de Persa et du Soleil, sœur de Pasiphaé, et célèbre magicienne, dont Ovide parle dans le XIVe livre des Métaphores.

1806, Ovide, translated by Mathieu-Guillaume-Thérèse Villenave, Les métamorphoses d’Ovide : Traduction nouvelle avec le texte latin suivie d’une analyse de l’explication des fables, volume II, F. Gay, Ch. Guestard:

Ææa was also another name of Circé, daughter of Persa and the Sun, sister to Pasiphaë, and a famed sorceress, of whom Ovid speaks in the 14th book of his Metamorphoses.


Périgueux

Roman name, from Latin Petrocorii, Gaulish tribe name, from *petru (“four”) + *corii (“tribes”), from Proto-Celtic *kʷetwores (“four”) + *koryos (“army, tribe”). Compare Old Irish cuire.

Périgueux (a commune, the capital of the department of Dordogne, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France).


Lemoine

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Monk


OACI

Initialism of Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (“International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)”).


BCP

Bureau du Conseil privé
Bureau du Conseil privé#French

Privy Council Office
Privy Council Office#English

(government, Westministerian Parliament) PCO Initialism of Bureau du Conseil privé. (Privy Council Office)


Montecristo

Montecristo (an island in Italy, in the Tyrrhenian Sea)


Saïda

→ English: Saïda

Borrowed from Arabic صَيْدَا (ṣaydā), from Classical Arabic صَيْدُون (ṣaydūn), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤉𐤃𐤅𐤍 (ṣydwn).

Saïda (a port city in Lebanon), the modern city representing the ancient Sidon.


Saïda

→ English: Saïda

Saïda (a city, the capital of Saïda, Algeria)

Saïda (a province of Algeria; capital: Saïda)


Cadix

Borrowed from Spanish Cádiz, from Arabic قَادِس (qādis), from Latin Gādēs, from Ancient Greek Γάδειρα (Gádeira), from Phoenician 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr /gādēr, gādīr/).


l'ogre de Corse

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see le, ogre, de, Corse.


Horta

Victor Horta, b. 1861


Mtl.

Alternative form of Mtl Abbreviation of Montréal.


Narbonne

→ English: Narbonne

From Latin Narbō or Late Latin Narbōna (founded as the colony Narbo Martius), whence also came the Latin name for the province Gallia Narbonensis; via Ancient Greek from the name of an ancient tribe, perhaps Iberian.

Narbonne (a town and commune in Aude department, Occitanie, southern France, formerly in the Languedoc-Roussillon region)


Tosh

From Yiddish טאהש (Tosh), from Hebrew טאהש (Tash).

Ellipsis of Kiryas Tosh.; Tosh (a neighbourhood of Boisbriand, Quebec, Canada)

Kiryas Tosh

Synonym of Nyírtass Nyírtass (a village in Hungary)


petite couronne

the zone consisting of the three departments (Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis) that border the city of Paris


grande couronne

the zone consisting of the four departments (Seine-et-Marne, Yvelines, Essonne and Val-d'Oise) that form the boundaries of Île-de-France


Cœur

Jacques Cœur, born 1395/1400

a French surname, equivalent to English Heart


EOR

Translingual: EOR

(sports) ROA/ROT/OAR (“Olympic Team of Refugees”): Abbreviation of équipe olympique des réfugiés.


Porter

a surname, Porter, from English
a surname, equivalent to French Portier


Sorbets

Borrowed from Occitan Sorbets. Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Holonym: Gers

Meronym: Marsan

Sorbets (a village in the Gers department, Occitanie, France)

Holonym: Landes

Sorbets (a village in the Landes department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Mignon

Holonym: Nouvelle-Aquitaine

The Mignon (a left tributary of the Sèvre Niortaise in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Mignon

→ English: Mignon


Amine

Amine Gemayel, b. 1942

a male given name from Arabic, equivalent to English Amin


Académie française

l’Académie française (canonical feminine)

the French Academy: an academy dedicated to the perfection of the French language and standards of usage, founded in the 17th century


Nordeste

Meronym: Sertao

Northeast Region
Northeast Region#English

Northeast Region (a macroregion of Brazil)


Haut-Rhin

Holonym: Alsace

Meronyms: Breitenbach-Haut-Rhin, Colmar, Orbey, Kaysersberg, Ribeauvillé

Haut-Rhin (a department of Grand Est, France)


Angoumois

→ English: Angoumois

→ Portuguese: Angoumois

Holonym: Charente

Meronyms: Angoulême, La Rochefoucauld-en-Angoumois


Curie

From a reduced form of Old French éscuerie (“stable”), hence a metonymic occupational name for a stable hand.

a surname, especially referring to Marie Curie and her husband Pierre Curie


Royaume de Belgique

LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Royaume de Belgique.wav

Kingdom of Belgium
Kingdom of Belgium#English

Kingdom of Belgium (the official name of Belgium, a country in Western Europe)


Haute-Volta

Upper Volta (the former name of Burkina Faso, a country in West Africa)


Becquerel

Henri Becquerel, French physicist and discoverer of radioactivity


République démocratique du Congo

LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-République Démocratique du Congo.wav

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Uranie

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Οὐρανία (Ouranía).


Perrin

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-lycée Jean-Perrin.wav

From a medieval diminutive form of Pierre.


Perret

English: Perret

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Levallois-Perret.wav

a French surname, equivalent to English Perret


Infernet

Diminutive from Italian inferno (“hell”) or Latin īnfernus (“infernal, hellish”) and -et.

A 19th century hilltop fort constructed during World War I in the French Alps


Eisenstein

Эйзенштейн Эйзенштейн#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Эйзенштейн (Ejzenštejn).


Titine

a diminutive of the female given name Christine


Nini

a diminutive of the female given name Virginie


Phlégéthon

From Latin Phlegethōn, from Ancient Greek Φλεγέθων (Phlegéthōn).


Achéron

Borrowed from Latin Acherōn, from Ancient Greek Ἀχέρων (Akhérōn, “lamentation”).


Cocyte

Borrowed from Latin Cōcȳtus, from Ancient Greek Κωκυτός (Kōkutós, “lamentation”).


Orphée

Borrowed from Latin Orpheus, from Ancient Greek Ὀρφεύς (Orpheús).


Hautefort

Hautefort (a town and commune of the Dordogne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


âge du bronze

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-âge du bronze.wav


Beresford

Borrowed from English Beresford. The town is named after military officer and politician William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford (1768 - 1854).

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

A settlement in British Columbia, Canada.

Gloucester County
Gloucester County#English

A town in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada.

A city in Lincoln County, South Dakota, United States.


Priest

Borrowed from Franco-Provençal Priést. Ultimately from Latin Praejectus/Prejectus/Projectus.

Priest de Clermont, b. ca 625


Ganelon

a knight, in the Carolingian cycle, who betrayed Charlemagne's army to the Muslims


Malebranche

(masculine only) Nicolas Malebranche (1638–1715), a French philosopher


Chuchanik

Cette idée semblait tracasser la veuve Chuchanik, notre logeuse, qui nous rendait souvent visite : qu’on vienne – d’aussi loin et de plein gré – s’installer ici lui paraissait saugrenu.

1963, Nicolas Bouvier, L'Usage du Monde, 2005 ed., Payot & Rivages, p. 157; translated 1992 by Robyn Marsack as The Way of the World, 2011 ed., Eland

— This idea seemed to worry the widow Chuchanik, our landlady, who often came to see us: it seemed preposterous to her that we should have come so far, and of our own free will, to settle in Tabriz.


Arménistan

1963, Nicolas Bouvier, L'Usage du Monde, 2005 ed., Payot & Rivages, p. 159; translated 1992 by Robyn Marsack as The Way of the World, 2011 ed., Eland

— Turkish cuisine is the heartiest in the world; Iranian has a refined simplicity; Armenistan is unequalled for pickles and sweet-and-sour; for ourselves, we ate a great deal of bread …

La cuisine turque est la plus substantielle du monde ; l’iranienne, d’une subtile simplicité ; l’Arménistan, inégalable dans le confit et l’aigre-doux ; nous, nous mangions surtout du pain.


Chouchanik

Borrowed from Armenian Շուշանիկ (Šušanik).

bor+

a female given name from Armenian, equivalent to English Shushanik


Azraël

Borrowed from Arabic عِزْرَائِيل (ʕizrāʔīl).

1963, Nicolas Bouvier, L'Usage du Monde, 2005 ed., Payot & Rivages, p. 166; translated 1992 by Robyn Marsack as The Way of the World, 2011 ed., Eland

Kurds who had trespassed into the town ran great risk of being placed on the ground with their faces in the earth instead of being put upright in the grave with their faces towards Mecca, as custom required. Azriel, the Angel of Death, would take offence at their unseemly position and refuse them entrance to Paradise.

Les Kurdes trépassés dans la ville couraient grand risque d’être enterrés à plat et face contre terre, au lieu d’être installés dans la fosse, le visage tourné contre La Mecque, comme l’exige la coutume. Ainsi Azraël, l’ange de la mort, blessé par cette posture inconvenante, leur refuserait l’accès au paradis.


Hatton

Hatton d'Aquitaine (8th-century ruler)

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Hatto


Nagant

нага́н

Nagant revolver; a used in Russia from end of 19th till the middle of the 20th century


Paulin

a surname transferred from the given name


désert du Lout

1963, Nicolas Bouvier, L'Usage du Monde, 2005 ed., Payot & Rivages, p. 298; translated 1992 by Robyn Marsack as The Way of the World, 2011 ed., Eland

— It was the southern extremity of the Lut desert where year in, year out, half a dozen drivers turn to dust because of a broken axle or a battery dried out by the sun.

C’est l’extrémité méridionale du désert du Lout où, bon an mal an, pour un axe cassé, pour une batterie séchée par le soleil, une demi-douzaine de chauffeurs laissent leur peau.


Piogre

1963, Nicolas Bouvier, L'Usage du Monde, 2005 ed., Payot & Rivages, pp. 393-394; translated 1992 by Robyn Marsack as The Way of the World, 2011 ed., Eland

At Zebak there was a clay and straw mosque and about twenty dilapidated houses, filled with smoke by the mounted patrol who guarded access to the upper Wakan and the Chinese border. Beyond that there was nothing apart from the solitary slopes of the Pamirs, where a handful of trappers hunted the blue fox and the snow leopard. A journey you wouldn't wish on anyone: to the end of the world. Zebak is Piogre.

Et Zebak, c’est une mosquée de torchis et une vingtaine de masures enfumées par la patrouille montée qui contrôle l’accès du haut Wakhan et de la frontière chinoise. Au-delà, il n’y a plus que les versants solitaires du Pamir où une poignée de trappeurs chassent le renard bleu et le léopard des neiges. Un voyage qu’on ne souhaite à personne, le bout du monde. Zebak c’est Piogre.

(Switzerland) an imaginary, exceedingly remote town; Timbuktu


Zebak

— At Zebak there was a clay and straw mosque and about twenty dilapidated houses, filled with smoke by the mounted patrol who guarded access to the upper Wakan and the Chinese border.

Et Zebak, c’est une mosquée de torchis et une vingtaine de masure enfumées par la patrouille montée qui contrôle l’accès du haut Wakhan et de la frontière chinoise.

Zebak (the capital city of the Zebak District, Badakhshan, Afghanistan)


Cornouaille

Inherited from Middle French Cornuaille, from Old French Cornuaille, from Early Medieval Latin Cornugallēnsis, of Celtic/Brythonic origin, corresponding to Proto-Brythonic *Körnɨw + the Germanic wealas (“Romans, Celts”) (see wealh). More at Cornouaille.


Saint-Vincent-et-Grenadines

fr-proper noun

Saint-Vincent-et-Grenadines m pl (plural only)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Germanie

(historical) Germania, a region inhabited by Germanic peoples

(rare) Germany (a country in Central Europe)


Ptolémée

Borrowed from Latin Ptolemaeus, itself from Ancient Greek Πτολεμαῖος (Ptolemaîos).

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Ptolemy


Bergerac

From the Old French and Frankish form Bragayrac, from Vulgar Latin *Bracariacum, a diminutive of the Latin or Gaulish name *Braccius, which could have evolved in meaning from bracchium (“arm”).

Bergerac (a city in the Dordogne department, France)


Verne

English: Verne

English: Vernian


Abélia

20th century flower name from abélia, named after the surname of the British naturalist Clarke Abel.


Bois-le-Duc

Spanish: Bolduque

A calque of Dutch 's-Hertogenbosch (literally “the duke's forest”).

uder

's-Hertogenbosch (a city in the Netherlands)


Khalistan

From Punjabi ਖ਼ਾਲਿਸਤਾਨ (xālistān) / خالِصْتان (xāliṣtān). Literally, “Land of the Khalsa ”

Amritpal Singh est devenu célèbre ces derniers mois en prêchant un sikhisme radical dans les zones rurales du Punjab, jusqu’à exiger la création d’un État séparatiste sikh appelé Khalistan.

Amritpal Singh has gained fame in recent months by preaching radical Sikhism in the rural areas of Punjab, even going so far as to demand the creation of a separate Sikh state called Khalistan.


Angoulême

Holonym: Angoumois

Angoulême (a city in the Charente department, France)


Beaumarchais

Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, French writer


Barcelonnette

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Barcelonnette (a small alpine town in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Bibracte

a Gaulish oppidum near Autun in Burgundy


Belfiore

Robert Belfiore, b. 1951


Boileau

English: Boileau

desc

→ Chinese: → 布瓦洛 (Bùwǎluò) (transliteration)

From bois + l’ + eau, literally “drink water”; nickname of a teetotaler. The first component of the compound is an imperative form of boire.
The municipality in Québec is named after its first postmaster, one Pierre Boileau.

af

a surname, Boileau, transferred from the nickname, equivalent to English Drinkwater

A municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Debussy

Univerbation of de (“from”) + Bussy (any of a number of communes in France)


Pingtung

Borrowed from Wade–Giles romanization of Chinese 屏東 (Píngdōng) Wade-Giles romanization: Pʻing²-tung¹.


Derrida

Ellipsis of Jacques Derrida, French philosopher (1930–2004)


Chiasso

Chiasso (a village and former commune of Mendrisio, Ticino canton, Switzerland)


Larousse

From la (“the”) + rousse, feminine form of roux (“red-haired”).


Larousse

Éditions Larousse, French publishing house


Lollobrigida

Lollobrigida: Gina Lollobrigida, Italian actress (and sex symbol)


Pasteur

→ Vietnamese: Pa-xtơ

From pasteur, derived from Latin pastōrem.

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Shepherd


Sartre

Inherited from Latin sartor (“tailor”) via the nominative form. Compare Italian sarto.

Jean-Paul Sartre, French writer and philosopher


Santoni

Borrowed from Corsican or Italian Santoni. Historically most prevalent in Corse-du-Sud.


Renault

Inherited from Latin Reginaldus, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *Raginawaldaz, a personal name composed of the elements Proto-Germanic *raginą (“counsel”) *waldaną (“to rule”).


Le Classique

(soccer) a football match between Paris Saint-Germain and Olympique de Marseille, known for its fierce rivalry


saint empire romain

/sɛ̃.t‿ɑ̃.piʁ ʁɔ.mɛ̃/

Ce corps qui s’appelait et qui s’appelle encore le saint empire romain n’était en aucune manière ni saint, ni romain, ni empire.

1756, Voltaire, chapter LXX, in Essai sur l’histoire générale et sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations:

This agglomeration which was called and which still calls itself the Holy Roman Empire was neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire.

Saint-Empire romain germanique
Saint-Empire romain germanique#French

Obsolete form of Saint-Empire romain germanique.


Saint-Empire romain germanique

Literally, “Germanic Roman Holy-Empire”.

Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire#English

(history) Holy Roman Empire (a former state in Central Europe)

Roman Holy-Empire of the German[ic] Nation

Saint-Empire romain de la nation germanique


Marais

From marais, from it formerly being a swampy area.


Gay-Lussac

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French chemist and physicist


Charites

From Latin Charites, from Ancient Greek Χάριτες (Khárites).


Passy

→ English: Passy

→ Russian: Пасси́ (Passí)

Passy (a neighbourhood of Paris, France)


CAQ

Coalition Avenir Québec
w:fr:Coalition Avenir Québec

(Canada, politics) Acronym of Coalition Avenir Québec. (Coalition pour l'avenir du Québec)


Puteaux

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Puteaux.wav

a commune in the western suburbs of Paris


Courbevoie

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Courbevoie.wav

From the Roman name, Latin curva via (“curved highway”).


Nanterre

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Nanterre.wav

From the Roman name, Latin Nemetodurum, a Gaulish name from Proto-Celtic *nemetom (“sanctuary”) and Gaulish *durom (“door”) (the second element found also in Augustodurum), from Proto-Celtic *dwār, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwṓr.

Nanterre (a city in the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France, France)


Tisiphone

From Latin Tisiphone, ultimately from Ancient Greek Τισιφόνη (Tisiphónē).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Tisiphone


Système international

Short form of Système international d’unités.

International System of Units
International System of Units


Centrafrique

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English:_Q929

Central African Republic (a country in Central Africa)


République d'Afrique du Sud

République d’ Afrique du Sud (canonical feminine)

Republic of South Africa
Republic of South Africa#English

Republic of South Africa, South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Loir

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

The Loir (a left tributary of the Sarthe in Centre-Val de Loire and Pays de la Loire, France)


Pharos

Derived from Ancient Greek Φάρος (Pháros) via Latin Pharos.


Yerres

A town and commune of the Essonne department, Île-de-France, France, near Paris


Lafarge

English: Lafarge

desc

→ Chinese: → 拉法熱／拉法热 (Lāfǎrè) (transliteration)


Loudun

A small town in Poitou-Charentes, France


Marquise

A small town and commune of the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France


OPEP

OPEC; Acronym of Organisation des pays exportateurs de pétrole.


Voronej

Voronezh (a city, the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast, Russia)


Palas

Borrowed from Occitan. Originating from Bearn.


Pendjab

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پَنْجاب (Pencâb), from Persian پنجاب (panjâb), itself a calque of Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada).


SBF

Société des Bourses Françaises
Société des Bourses Françaises#French

(business, economics, finance) Initialism of Société des Bourses Françaises, a name for the Paris Bourse stock exchange

Société des Bourses Françaises

Example stock market indices: SBF 120.

(business, economics, finance, by extension) a stock market index code for the French stock market, the Paris Bourse


Haroun

Borrowed from Arabic هَارُون (hārūn, “Aaron”).

a male given name from Arabic, equivalent to English Harun


PPC

Parti Populaire du Canada
Parti Populaire du Canada#French

(Canada, politics) PPC (“People's Party of Canada”): Initialism of Parti Populaire du Canada.


Marignac

Also spelled as Mérignac, from the Gallo-Roman name, Latin Matriniacus, named after the river Matrinus.


Dauphin

→ English: Dauphin

From dauphin
* (Dauphin, MB, CA): Named after the French monarchal title, the heir to the French throne.

Dauphin (a commune of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)

Dauphin (a borough in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States)


Huron

From Middle French huron (“bristle-haired”), from Old French hure (“bristly, unkempt, shaggy”), of possible Germanic origin.

der

(obsolete) the Wendat, a Native American people of the Huron Confederacy. The Wyandot and the Huron-Wendat are their cultural descendants


Nagy

a Hungarian ethnic surname, Nagy, from Hungarian, equivalent to the French Legrand


Dnipro

A city and raion of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine


Éos

(Greek mythology) Eos (goddess of the dawn)


Sotchi

Borrowed from Russian Со́чи (Sóči), from Georgian სოჭი (soč̣i, “fir”).

Sochi (a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia)


Nijni-Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast#English

Alternative spelling of Nijni Novgorod: Nizhny Novgorod (a city, the administrative center of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia)


Wiktionnaire

Wiktionary, especially the Francophone edition


Nove

Jacques Nove (born 1950), retired French politician


Joliette

The municipality is named after the city of Joliette.

A regional county municipality of Lanaudière, Quebec, Canada.


Kamloops

Borrowed from English Kamloops. From French Camp des loups (“camp (“camp”)+loup (“wolf”)”). From Shuswap tk'əmlúps (“meeting of the rivers”).

Kamloops (a city in British Columbia, Canada)

Ellipsis of lac Kamloops.: Kamloops Lake (a lake in British Columbia, Canada)


Edmundston

Borrowed from English Edmundston. The city is named after politician and diplomat Edmund Walker Head (1805 - 1868).

Madawaska County
Madawaska County#English

A city in Madawaska County, New Brunswick, Canada.


Lévis

A city and regional county municipality of Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec, Canada.


Chibougamau

Chibougamau (a town and lake in the Nord-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada)


Chisasibi

From Cree ᒋᓴᓯᐱ (cisasipi, “great river”).

Chisasibi (an Indian reserve and village municipality in the Nord-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada)


Saguenay

A city and regional county municipality of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec, Canada.


Sherbrooke

Borrowed from English Sherbrooke, the surname of the British governor general.

A city and regional county municipality of Quebec, Canada.


Dorval

English: Dorval

Island of Montreal
Island of Montreal#English

Dorval: A city in Island of Montreal, Quebec, Canada

YUL (Trudeau airport): An airport in Montreal, Quebec, Canada


Gatineau

English: Gatineau

Korean: 가티노 (Gatino)

A city and regional county municipality of Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.

rivière Gatineau
rivière Gatineau#French

Ellipsis of rivière Gatineau. A river in Quebec, Canada; tributary of the Ottawa River


Waswanipi

From Cree ᐙᔂᓂᐲ (waaswaanipii, “light over the water”), a traditional night-time fishing method.

Waswanipi; A people; a First Nations community, part of the Cree First Nation


Néo

Recent coinage, associated with the prefix néo- (“new”), popularized by a character (Neo in English) of the science fiction film The Matrix (1999).


Dubreuil

English: Dubreuil


Arviat

From Inuktitut ᐊᕐᕕᐊᑦ (arfiat) / Arviat, from ᐊᕐᕕᐊᑦ / arviat (“place of the bowhead whale”), from ᐊᕐᕕᒃ / arvik (“bowhead whale”).

Arviat: A hamlet in Kivalliq, Nunavut, Canada


Lunenburg

Borrowed from English Lunenburg, from German Lüneburg.

Lunenburg; A port town in Lunenburg county, Nova Scotia, Canada

Lunenburg County
Lunenburg County#English

Comté de Lunenburg
Comté de Lunenburg#French

Lunenburg County; Ellipsis of Comté de Lunenburg.; A county of Nova Scotia, Canada


Bressanone

Trentino-Alto Adige
Trentino-Alto Adige#English

Brixen (a commune and town in Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige)


Zimming

A village and commune of the Moselle department, Grand Est, France


Œuilly

Œuilly (a commune of the Aisne department, France)

Œuilly (a commune of the Marne department, France)


Carros

→ English: Carros

→ Ukrainian: Каррос (Karros)

Holonym: Alpes-Maritimes

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Carros (a town and commune of Alpes-Maritimes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Wissant

A commune of the Pas-de-Calais department, France


Gérôme

a male given name, equivalent to English Jerome


Septante

(in the singular or in the plural) Septuagint

(in the plural) the translators of the Septuagint, the Seventy


LNH

Ligue nationale de hockey
w:fr:Ligue nationale de hockey

National Hockey League
National Hockey League#English

(sports) NHL; Initialism of Ligue nationale de hockey (National Hockey League)


Mathéo

From Matheo, an archaic spelling of the Spanish Mateo and Italian Matteo. A modern variant of the standard French Matthieu.


Clermont

The municipality is named after a French soldier, the sieur de Clermont (d. 1690).

A township municipality of Abitibi-Ouest, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Brienne

English: Brienne

English: Bryan

the commune of Brienne in Saône-et-Loire, France.

the commune of Brienne-le-Château, in l'Aube, France; which includes the Brienne Military Academy

the commune of Brienne-sur-Aisne, in Ardennes, France

the commune of Brienne-la-Vieille, in l'Aube, France

a surname, an elliptical variant of de Brienne


Etats-Unis d'Amérique

fr-proper noun

Etats-Unis d’Amérique m pl (plural only)

Etats-Unis d’ Amérique (canonical masculine plural)

États-Unis d’Amérique
États-Unis d'Amérique#French

United States of America
United States of America#English

Alternative form of États-Unis d’Amérique: United States of America (a country in North America)


Shaoxing

Shaoxing (a prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China)


TAI

temps atomique international
w:International Atomic Time

Initialism of temps atomique international (“international atomic time”).


Carnot

Sadi Carnot (1837–1894), French politician and President of France from 1887 until his death


Champs-Élysées

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) the Elysian Fields, home of the blessed in the afterlife

a major boulevard in Paris, running between the Place de la Concorde and the Arc de Triomphe


Marc-Antoine

From Latin Mārcus Antōnius (“Mark Antony”).


Glâne

German: Glâne

Perhaps from the conflation of Gaulish glanna (“bank (of a river)”) and glanos (“clear, pure, limpid, transparent”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥Hnós, from *ǵʰel- (“bright”). Cognate of several other toponyms: Gland (“a few ancient settlements in Switzerland”), le Glaney (“A tributary of la Glâne and an adjacent hamlet”), la Glenne (“a tributary of la Chalaronne”), and Le Glenans (“a tributary of the Rhône”).

(river) a tributary of the Sarine (Saane)

(District de la Glâne) a district in the Canton of Fribourg in Switzerland

(la Petite Glâne) one of two districts in either Payerne, Vaud or Broye, Fribourg

(les Glânes) an ancient community associated with modern Romont


Léopoldville

From Léopold + ville. Named after Belgian king Leopold II.


Angleterre du Nord-Est

Direct translation of North East England.


Buryatie

Alternative form of Bouriatie: Buryatia (a republic of Russia)


Forestier

Occupational surname, taken from the occupation forestier.

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Forester


Beauval

→ English: Beauval

Beauval (a town in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Rouleau

English: Rouleau

Rouleau (a town in Saskatchewan, Canada)

Ellipsis of Île Rouleau.; An island in Mistassini, Baie-James, Jamésie, Nord-du-Québec, Québec, Canada


al-Kanadi

From the Arabic الْكَنَدِيّ (al-kanadiyy, “the Canadian”).


Tarraconaise

An adaptation of the Latin Tarracōnēnsis (Latin -ēnsis → French -aise).

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis

Hispania Tarraconensis (province of the Roman Empire)


Asperger

Hans Asperger, b. 1906


Raków

Raków (Polish town 1569–1869 and village 1869–present, important centre of Socinianism in the 16th–17th CC.)


Fournier

From fournier, inherited from Latin furnārius.


GIGN

Initialism of Groupe d’Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale.


Chérif

a male given name from Arabic, equivalent to English Sharif


Saïd

a male given name from Arabic, equivalent to English Said


Saint-Sylvestre

Due to the Gregorian calendar reform of 1582, whereby the feast day of Pope Sylvester I came to fall on the 31st of December.

Chez nous, à la Saint-Sylvestre, la porte est toujours grande ouverte !
At our house, on New Year’s Eve, the door is always wide open!

1983, Marcelyne Claudais, Un jour la jument va parler...:


Poudlard

Coined by Jean-François Ménard in Harry Potter à l'école des sorciers (1998), his translation of J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997). From pou (“louse”) + lard (“bacon”), based on Hogwarts (hog + wart).

Au collège Poudlard, on apprend la magie avec les manuels de Bathilda Tourdesac ou d’Adalbert Lasornette

1999, Marion Festraëts, Le triomphe de Harry Potter: L'Express:

At Hogwarts school, you learn magic with textbooks by Bathilda Bagshot or Adalbert Waffling

En clair, l’élite des pédagogues de Poudlard décide d’envoyer un mineur à une mort certaine.

2005, Serge Tisseron, Cruauté ordinaire: Le Monde diplomatique:

To put it plainly, the elite of Hogwarts teachers decide to send a minor to a certain death.

La "cape d’invisibilité" de l’apprenti sorcier pourrait bien un jour sortir des murs de l’école de sorcellerie Poudlard et se voir transposée dans notre réalité.

2012, Des physiciens conçoivent une cape d'"invisibilité temporelle": Le Monde:

The apprentice wizard's "invisibility cloak" could one day leave the walls of the school of sorcery Hogwarts and see itself transposed into our reality.

S’il n’y avait la mosquée jouxtant le bâtiment principal, on pourrait se croire à Poudlard, l’école de Harry Potter.

2013, Fabrice Tassel, Pakistan : Une école pour briser le silence: Libération:

If it weren't for the mosque adjoining the main building, one might think one was at Hogwarts, Harry Potter's school.

Hogwarts, the fictional school of magic in the Harry Potter series


Dzenis

Transliteration of Serbo-Croatian Dženis.

transliteration

A transliteration of the Serbo-Croatian male given name Dženis.


Morin

French and Walloon surname, from a variant of the personal name Maurin, or a diminutive of More. Compare Moran, Morang, Morein, Morong, Morrin, Morrow.


Leblanc

From le blanc, originating as a nickname for a light-skinned man.


Boyer

English: Boyer


Roze

Il assista, le 24 juin 1771, à Rethel, et le 28 juillet 1773, au château de Vetheuil, au partage de la succession de ses aïeuls maternels, Jean-Louis Roze, et Marie-Anne Watelet, entre leurs fils et gendres, Jean-François-Nicolas Roze, écuyer, ...

1831, Jean-Baptiste-Pierre Courcelles, Histoire généalogique et héraldique des pairs de France, des grands dignitaires de la couronne, des principales familles nobles du royaume, et des maisons princières de l'Europe...:

a female given name (especially in compound names like Marie-Roze or Roze-Catherine)


Bowman

The name of the municipality is derived from the English surname Bowman. The municipality is named after early inhabitant and landowner Baxter Bowman.

A municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


DSK

Dominique Strauss-Kahn
w:Dominique Strauss-Kahn


Hinche

Haitian Creole: Ench

→ English: Hinche

Hinche (A commune in and capital of Centre department in Haiti)


Saintonge

English: Saintonge

From Middle French Xaintonge, from Old French Xainctonge, from Latin Santones, from Ancient Greek Σάντονες, Σάντονοι, Σάντωνες (Sántones, Sántonoi, Sántōnes), a Celtic tribe that lived in the region of Xainctonge and the settlement of Xainctes (now Saintes, France).

der

Σάντονες, Σάντονοι, Σάντωνες

Saintonge (a former province of France), whose capital was the city of Saintes


Proulx

English: Proulx


Maurétanie Césarienne

Borrowed from Latin Maurītānia Caesariēnsis.

bor+

Mauretania Caesariensis
Mauretania Caesariensis

Mauretania Caesariensis (northwest-African province of the Roman Empire)


Mauritanie Césarienne

1934, Félix Gaffiot, Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, page 1,572/3, s.v. “Thubuscum”

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Thubuscum, i, n., ville de la Mauritanie Césarienne : Tac. An. 4, 24.

Maurétanie Césarienne
Maurétanie Césarienne#French

Alternative spelling of Maurétanie Césarienne


République de Chine

LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-République de Chine.wav

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

Republic of China, Taiwan (partly-recognized country in East Asia)


République populaire de Chine

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fhala.K-République populaire de Chine.wav

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

People's Republic of China, China (a country in East Asia)


Bosnie-et-Herzégovine

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Niort

English: Niort

Inherited from Middle French Noiordo, from Medieval Latin Noverogus, Latinized Gaulish name, from Proto-Celtic *nowyos (“new”) (Proto-Indo-European *néwos) + *ɸritus (“ford”).


Boulogne

Boulogne, Boulogne-sur-Mer (a coastal city and commune in Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Fontaine

Capitalization of fontaine
* (Village in Aisne): Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).


Fontaine

English: Fontaine

Spanish: Fontaine

desc

→ Chinese: → 方丹 (Fāngdān) (transliteration)

Former name of Fontaine-lès-Vervins. (village in Aisne)


Montaigne

→ English: Montaigne

→ Chinese: → 蒙泰涅 (Méngtàiniè) (transliteration)

Inherited from Middle French Montaigne, from Old French montaigne (“mountain”).

a surname, Montaigne, from landforms, equivalent to English Mountain

Michel de Montaigne, a French philosopher


Hébron

Hebron (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


Hespérides

(Greek mythology) Hesperides (a group of nymphs)


Thurso

The city was named by Scottish settlers after the city of Thurso in Scotland.

A city in Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Ley

English: Ley

Ley (a commune of the Moselle department, Lorraine, Grand Est, France)


Ricœur

English: Ricœur

Paul Ricœur (1913–2005), French philosopher who combined phenomenological description with hermeneutics


Nijni Novgorod

Borrowed from Russian Ни́жний Но́вгород (Nížnij Nóvgorod).

bor+

Ни́жний Но́вгород

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast#English

Nizhny Novgorod (a city, the administrative center of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia)


République populaire de Donetsk

Donetsk People's Republic
Donetsk People's Republic#English

Donetsk People's Republic (a self-proclaimed quasi-state, internationally recognized as part of country of Ukraine; one of two members of the Confederation of Novorossiya)


République populaire de Lougansk

Luhansk People's Republic
Luhansk People's Republic#English

Luhansk People's Republic (a self-proclaimed quasi-state, internationally recognized as part of country of Ukraine; one of two members of the Confederation of Novorossiya)


Chaouch

Le Chaouch est répandu sur toutes les côtes de la Méditerranée, depuis l’Algérie et l’Égypte jusqu’à l’Adriatique, mais il est le plus particulièrement cultivé en Turquie d’Europe, en Turquie d’Asie, en Grèce et en Crimée.

1901, Étienne Salomon, R. Salomon, “Chaouch”, in Pierre Viala, editor, Ampélographie, Traité général de viticulture, volume 2, Paris: Masson et cie, →OCLC, page 200:

(agriculture) Chaouch (“a cultivar of vinifera grape”)


chaouch

L’allogamie est obligatoire chez les cépages femelles (ohanes, madeleine angevine, chaouch, olivette blanche) qui doivent vivre à proximité des cépages portant des étamines, de préférence hermaphrodites;

2012, Alain Reynier, Manuel de viticulture, 11th edition, Paris: Lavoisier, →ISBN, page 140:

(agriculture) Alternative letter-case form of Chaouch (“a cultivar of vinifera grape”)


Petit

Borrowed from Occitan Petit or Middle French Petit.


Samosate

Borrowed from Latin Samosata, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.


Lias

Borrowed from Occitan (Gascon dialect), from linières, plural of linière (“flax field”).

Holonym: Caumont


Brexit

le Brexit dur

Le Brexit (British exit) ou sortie du Royaume-Uni de l’Union européenne paraît pratiquement inéluctable.

2014 July 17, Nicolas Baverez, “Le Brexit ou l'absurdité du siècle”, in Le Point:

Brexit (British exit), or the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union, seems practically inevitable.

Début janvier, David Cameron a finalement accepté de laisser les ministres de son cabinet faire campagne en faveur du Brexit s’ils le souhaitaient, à titre privé et individuel.

2016, Danielle Auroi, Rapport d'information de la commission des affaires européennes sur les négociations de l'Union européenne avec le Royaume Uni relatives à son maintien au sein de l'Union, page 18:

At the start of January, David Cameron finally agreed to let ministers in his cabinet campaign in favour of Brexit if they wished, in a private and individual capacity.

Le Brexit, ou British Exit, était en tête avec près de 51,7% des voix après dépouillement dans 300 des 382 centres du pays, peu avant 5h, selon le décompte officiel, grâce à des résultats largement favorables dans plusieurs villes du nord de l’Angleterre et au Pays de Galles.

2016 June 24, “Résultat du référendum sur le Brexit”, in Le Huffington Post:

Brexit, or "British Exit", was ahead with nearly 51.7% of the vote after counting had finished in 300 of 382 local authorities, shortly before 5 am, according to the official count, thanks to broadly favourable results in several cities in Northern England and Wales.

Le Brexit «conduira inévitablement à des frictions» commerciales entre l’UE et le Royaume-Uni, étant donné le souhait britannique de quitter le marché unique et l’union douanière

2018, AFP agence, “Brexit: «Seul un accord de libre-échange est possible», prévient Donald Tusk”, in Le Figaro:

Brexit "will inevitably lead to friction" in trade between the EU and the UK, given Britain's desire to leave the single market and the customs union

Les tractations sur les futurs liens commerciaux entre l’UE et le Royaume-Uni n’ont pas encore démarré, les discussions s’étant jusqu’ici concentrées sur la préparation du traité scellant le Brexit, avec de lourds dossiers comme la facture du divorce, le sort des expatriés et l’avenir de la frontière irlandaise.

Negotiations on future trade links between the EU and the UK have not yet started, discussions up to now having concentrated on drafting the treaty finalising Brexit, including complicated issues such as the divorce bill, the fate of expats, and the future of the Irish border.

Reste une troisième option : l’absence d’accord. C’est le Brexit dur. La frontière serait immédiatement et totalement rétablie en mars 2019.

2018 April 28, Benoît Floc'h, “Le gouvernement prépare les douanes à un Brexit dur”, in Le Monde:

There remains a third option: the lack of an agreement. This is hard Brexit. The border would be immediately and completely re-established in March 2019.


Nankin

Borrowed from Mandarin 南京 (Nánjīng), based on the Nanking court dialect from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Also see Tonkin and Pékin (“Beijing”).

Nanjing (the capital city of Jiangsu, China)


Rhade

Borrowed from Bahnar Rađe or Eastern Mnong Rađê.

(plural only) the Rade people, a minor ethnic group in the Central Highlands of Vietnam


R.-U.

(uncommon) Alternative spelling of RU: UK


Taroudant

Borrowed from Arabic تَارُودَانْت (tārūdānt).

تَارُودَانْت


CIJ

Cour internationale de justice
w:fr:Cour internationale de justice

(international law, UN) Initialism of Cour internationale de justice.: ICJ

international law; UN; international law; UN


Tenderloin

Tenderloin (a district of San Francisco, California)


Gaffiot

Félix Gaffiot (1870–1937), French philologist and teacher

(masculine) the 1934 Latin–French dictionary compiled by Félix Gaffiot (or any of its subsequent editions); the Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français


Monoblet

A commune of the Gard department, France


Isle

A right tributary of the Dordogne, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.


Cézembre

an uninhabited island in Brittany, in the Ille-et-Vilaine département of France, near Saint-Malo


Érica

a female given name, equivalent to English Erica


Schwarzie

Pseudo-anglicism: English-looking diminutive in -ie (cf Freddie, Archie, etc.).


Paradou

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

A small town and commune of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France


ÉUA

États-Unis d’Amérique
États-Unis d'Amérique#French

USA (a country in North America); initialism of États-Unis d’Amérique (“United States of America”)


UAF

Union automobiliste de France, an early 20th-century French auto club

L’Union des aéroports français: The Union of French Airports

Unité d′aménagement forestier: Forest Management Unit, in Québec


Hippodamos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἱππόδαμος (Hippódamos).


Marcelin

a male given name, feminine equivalent Marceline


Parassy

a commune in the Cher department of Centre


Saint-Louis-et-Parahou

LL-Q150 (fra)-T. Le Berre-Saint-Louis-et-Parahou.wav

a commune in the Aude department of Languedoc-Roussillon


Chooz

a French commune in the département of Ardennes


Jablines

Jablines (a small commune of the Seine-et-Marne department, Île-de-France, France)


Jabrun

a very small commune in the Cantal department of Auvergne


Jabreilles-les-Bordes

a very small commune in the Haute-Vienne department of Limousin


Talleyrand

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, French politician and diplomat


Bourrienne

Louis Antoine Fauvelet de Bourrienne, a French diplomat


Danglars

Popularised after a character in Alexandre Dumas's novel The Count of Monte Cristo

Alexandre Dumas
The Count of Monte Cristo


Villefort

Villefort (a village and commune of the Aude department, Occitanie, France)

Villefort (a village and commune of the Lozère department, Occitanie, France)


Blois

Inherited from Old French Blais, Bleis, from Late Latin Blesēnses, Blesensibus, Blesis (Merovingian), from Gallo-Roman *Blesu, a Celtic/Gaulish name possibly meaning "wolf," from Proto-Celtic *bledyos (“wolf”).

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Blois (a city and commune, the prefecture of the Loir-et-Cher department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Aznavour

Armenian: Ազնավուր (Aznavur)

English: Aznavour

Greek: Αζναβούρ (Aznavoúr)

Russian: Азнаву́р (Aznavúr)

Borrowed from Armenian Ազնավուրյան (Aznavuryan).

Charles Aznavour, b. 1924


Lamar

From a placename in Normandy, which was derived from Old French la mare (“the pool”).


Pompidou

Georges Pompidou (1911–1974), French politician and President of France from 1969 until his death


Grammont

Inherited from Middle French Grandmont. Corruption of Grand Mont.


Villiers

English: Villiers

Afrikaans: Villiers

A placename
A number of communes in France


Bathurst

Borrowed from English Bathurst. The city is named after Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst (1762 - 1834).

Gloucester County
Gloucester County#English

Bathurst (a city in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada).


Bussy

There are over a dozen communes in France with this name, so multiple origins may be possible. The one in Oise was known in Roman times as Latin Buci, Bucedrium, from a suffixed form of buxus (“boxwood”).


Artois

Inherited from Old French Arteis, from Latin Atrebates (pagus Atrebatensis), from Atrebates, a pre-Roman Gallo-Germanic tribe in northwestern Gaul, from Proto-Celtic *ad-treb-a-t-es (“inhabitants”), from *treb (“home, building”), see also Middle Breton treff (“city”), Welsh tref (“town”) and Old Irish treb (“farm, building”), all from Proto-Indo-European *treb- (“settlement”) (same source as Old English þorp (“village”), Lithuanian troba (“house”), and Provencal trevar (“to live in a village or house”)). See also Old Irish aittrebaid (“inhabitant”).

(historical) a former county of the Kingdom of France, in what is now northern France

(historical) a former state of the Holy Roman Empire, in what is now northern France


Montcalm

The municipality in Laurentides is named after French general Louis-Joseph de Montcalm (1712 - 1759).

A regional county municipality of Lanaudière, Quebec, Canada.

A municipality of Les Laurentides, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Jacou

A small town and commune of the Hérault department, Languedoc-Roussillon, France


Taninges

Taninges (a town and commune of the Haute-Savoie department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Dumont

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-Parc René-Dumont.wav


Union sacrée

a truce called between French political parties at the beginning of the First World War


Pernambouc

Northeast Region
Northeast Region#English

Pernambuco (a state of the Northeast Region, Brazil; capital: Recife)


FNSEA

Initialism of Fédération Nationale des Syndicats d’Exploitants Agricoles (“National Federation of Farmer's Unions”).


Joinville

A commune of the Haute-Marne department, France.


La Mort aux Juifs

Literally, “Death to the Jews”. It seems likely that the name is a corruption of some older name (albeit surely not an entirely accidental corruption). One theory derives it from an underlying la mare au juin (“the liquid manure pond”).

A former hamlet in the commune of Courtemaux, Loiret department, Centre-Val de Loire, France


Hedjaz

Hejaz (a traditional region in northwest Saudi Arabia)


Montauban

From the Medieval name, Medieval Latin mōns albanus, "white mount".

Montauban (a town and commune, the prefecture of the Tarn-et-Garonne department, Occitanie, France)


Vendôme

Vendôme (a town and commune of the Loir-et-Cher department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Mithridate

From Latin Mithridātēs, from Ancient Greek Μιθριδάτης (Mithridátēs).

Mithridates (several Persian kings in ancient times)


Wavrin

→ English: Wavrin

Wavrin (a town and municipality of the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Châtellerault

Châtellerault (a town and commune of the Vienne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Feurs

A small town and commune of the Loire department, Rhône-Alpes, France


Sospel

A small town and commune of the Alpes-Maritimes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France


Tourcoing

"Corner tower," from tour + coin (“corner, wedge”).

A town and commune of the Nord department, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France


Roussillon

English: Roussillon

desc

→ Chinese: → 魯西永／鲁西永 (Lǔxīyǒng) (transliteration)

From Latin Ruscinōnem. Compare Catalan Rosselló.
The municipality of Québec is named after the Régiment Royal-Roussillon infantry regiment. The regiment was stationed in the territory in the winter of 1758 - 1759.

Meronym: Perpignan

Roussillon (a region of Occitanie, France)

A regional county municipality of Montérégie, Quebec, Canada.

A village in Isère, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France.

A village in Vaucluse, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.

(obsolete) Synonym of Château-Roussillon


Trudeau

English: Trudeau

English: Trudeaux

English: Trudaux

English: Trudau

Evidently an alteration of the earlier attested surname Truteau, itself of disputed origin.


Alès

English: Alès

Borrowed from Occitan Alès. Alais attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Alès (a town and commune of the Gard department, Occitanie, France)


Tarterêts

A large area of social housing in Essonne, Île-de-France, France


Epping

Epping (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)

Epping (a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia)


Aix-en-Provence

From the Roman name, Latin Aquae Sextiae (“waters of Sextius”), from aqua + Sextius, a gens derived from sextus (“sixth”).

der

Aix-en-Provence, Aix (a city and commune of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Arbois

Arbois (a small town and commune of the Jura department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)


Archimède

Borrowed from Latin Archimēdēs, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀρχιμήδης (Arkhimḗdēs).


Aristophane

Borrowed from Latin Aristophanēs, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀριστοφάνης (Aristophánēs).


Arabie Saoudite

Alternative form of Arabie saoudite: Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


ÉI

Alternative spelling of EI (“État islamique”)


ÉIIL

Abbreviation of État islamique en Irak et au Levant.

abbrev

ISIL (Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant)


Daech

Transliteration of Arabic دَاعِش (dāʕiš, literally “D.I.I.S.”), the Arabic language acronym for الدَّوْلَة الْإِسْلَامِيَّة فِي الْعِرَاق وَالشَّام (ad-dawla l-ʔislāmiyya fī l-ʕirāq wa-š-šām)


État islamique

Literally, “Islamic State”. From the group's Arabic-language name, الدَّوْلَة الْإِسْلَامِيَّة (ad-dawla l-ʔislāmiyya, literally “the Islamic State”).


État islamique en Irak et au Levant

/e.ta.t‿i.sla.mik ɑ̃.n‿i.ʁak e o l(ə).vɑ̃/

Literally, “Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant”. From the translation of the group's Arabic-language name, الدَّوْلَةُ الإِسْلَامِيَّة فِي العِرَاق وَالشَّام (ad-dawla l-ʔislāmiyya fī l-ʕirāq wa-š-šām, literally “the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant”).


ÉII

État islamique d’Irak
État islamique d'Irak#French

ISI (Islamic State in Iraq) Abbreviation of État islamique d’Irak.


EII

ISI (Islamic State in Iraq) Abbreviation of État islamique d’Irak. Alternative form of ÉII


État islamique d'Irak

État islamique d’ Irak (canonical masculine)

From the group's former Arabic-language name, الدَّوْلَةُ الْإِسْلَامِيَّة فِي الْعِرَاق (ad-dawlatu l-ʔislāmiyya(t) fī l-ʕirāq, literally “the Islamic State in Iraq”).

Islamic State in Iraq
Islamic State in Iraq

État islamique en Irak et au Levant#English

Islamic State in Iraq; former name of Daech (État islamique en Irak et au Levant)


From six + ter, literally "6b", but mainly alluding to English sister.

En janvier, 6ter a été la première chaîne à diffuser le format original de « Storage Wars » qui se déroule en Californie et qui a réuni 215 000 téléspectateurs lors de la première diffusion, le 3 janvier, en deuxième partie de soirée.

2015 November 21, “« Storage Wars », une chasse au trésor bien artificielle”, in Le Monde:

In January, 6ter was the first channel to broadcast the original format of Storage Wars, which takes place in California and attracted 215,000 viewers for the first broadcast on January 3 during the prime-time slot.


Éole

(Greek mythology) Aeolus (god of the winds)


Litchfield

The municipality is named after one of two English locales: either the city of Lichfield in Staffordshire or the village of Litchfield in Hampshire.

A municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Beauvais

From Late Latin Bellovacum, named after the Celtic tribe Bellovaci.

Beauvais (a city and commune of the Oise department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Mirabel

A city and regional county municipality of Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Bourges

Either from a Germanic derivative of German Burg or a Gallo-Latin pronunciation of Bituriges.


Cédrika

a female given name from English Cedric, masculine equivalent Cédric, equivalent to English Cedrica


Jehanne

Joan; a female given name Archaic form of Jeanne. female equivalent of Jehan


Caiète

Borrowed from Latin Caiēta, from the Ancient Greek Καιήτη (Kaiḗtē).


Biarritz

Biarritz (an elegant seaside city and commune on the Bay of Biscay in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Montrouge

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Montrouge.wav

A town and commune of the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France, France


Destour

the political party whose aim was to free Tunisia from French rule


Lure

First mentioned in 817 as Luterhaa. Of unclear origin, with proposals including:
* Celtic origin and derived from Gaulish *lautro, from Proto-Celtic *lautros.
* Late Latin lŭtra (“otter”)
* Of Germanic origin, such as being named after Lothair II of Lotharingia, from Frankish *Hlūdhari; or from Old High German hlutar (“limpid, clear”), as the area was known to have many Germanic speakers.

der

A small town and commune of the Haute-Saône department, Franche-Comté, France


Sète

Sète (a commune and town in Hérault department, Occitanie, France, previously in Languedoc-Roussillon)


Grèges

A village in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, France


Champtocé-sur-Loire

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

A small town and commune of the Maine-et-Loire department, Pays de la Loire, France


Le Lude

A small town and commune of the Sarthe department, Pays de la Loire, France


Malicorne-sur-Sarthe

A town and commune of the Sarthe department, Pays de la Loire, France


Saumur

A town in the Maine-et-Loire department, Pays de la Loire, France


La Roche-sur-Yon

La Roche-sur-Yon
La Roche-sur-Yon#English

La Roche-sur-Yon (a town and commune of the Vendée department, Pays de la Loire, France)


La Mure

A small town and commune of the Isère department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France


Ourthe

Borrowed from Occitan. Historically most prevalent in Pyrénées-Atlantiques.


Guenièvre

From Old Welsh Gwenhwyfar, from Proto-Celtic *windos (“white, fair”) + *sēbarā (“magical being”).

af

(Arthurian legend) Guinevere (wife of King Arthur)


Elven

A village and commune of the Morbihan department, Brittany, France


Agniers

Ultimately from Mohawk Kanien'kehá:ka, with loss of the initial k.


Charlevoix

The region is named after Jesuit historian Pierre-François-Xavier de Charlevoix (1682–1761).
The municipality is named after the region.

A regional county municipality of Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada.


Lac-Saint-Jean

the area surrounding Lac Saint-Jean in Quebec


Montérégie

administrative region
administrative region

An administrative region in southwestern Quebec


Outaouais

Derived from the hydronym Outaouais (“Ottawa River”).

Outaouais (a region in western Quebec, Canada, bordering the Ottawa river)


Niel

English: Niel

In France, most prevalent in Seine-Maritime.

a French surname, equivalent to English Niel


Trappes

From earlier forms Trapes, Trappe, from Middle French Trapas, from earlier Trapes, from Old French Trapis, from Medieval Latin Trappas, villa trapas, Villatrapas; all ultimately from Old French trape (“trap”), referring to wildlife traps set in the surrounding land.

A town and commune of the Yvelines department, Île-de-France, France


Éphialtès

(Greek mythology, history) Ephialtes (either the ancient Greek statesman or a mythological Giant)


Valier

Jacques Valier, b. 1938

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Valerius


Ruan

* (toponym): From Latin Rotomagus or Rothomagum (Ruan-sur-Egvonne).

Ruan (a village and commune of the Loir-et-Cher department, Centre-Val de Loire, France).


Le Pompidou

A village and commune of the Lozère department, Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées, France


Légion d'honneur

la Légion d’ honneur (canonical feminine)

fr:Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur


Hyères

Inherited from Middle French Eyras, Eras, through Occitan from Latin area.

Hyères (a city and commune of the Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Sorel-Moussel

A village and commune of the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire, France


Blanchet

English: Blanchet

From blanc + -et, literally "little white".

a surname, Blanchet, transferred from the nickname


Guion

English: Guion

a surname, Guion, transferred from the given name


Beauregard

→ English: Beauregard


La Joconde

Borrowed from Italian Gioconda, with the article la added.


Héraclite

→ German: Heraklit

→ Polish: Heraklit

→ Turkish: Heraklit

Borrowed from Latin Hēraclītus, from Ancient Greek Ἡράκλειτος (Hērákleitos).

Heraclitus (a pre-Socratic Ionian philosopher)


Fifi

a diminutive of the female given name Sophie

a diminutive of the male given name Philippe


TLFi

Trésor de la langue française informatisé


Cassini

Jacques Cassini, b. 1677


PCUS

w:fr:Parti communiste de l'Union soviétique

(history, politics) CPSU (Initialism of Parti communiste de l’Union soviétique.)


Sud

A department of Haiti. Capital: Les Cayes


Père

(Christianity) Father, person of the Holy Trinity

(Christianity) Father, title for priests


Canope

Borrowed from Latin Canopus, itself from Ancient Greek Κάνωπος (Kánōpos) / Κάνωβος (Kánōbos).


Polybe

Borrowed from Latin Polybius, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Πολύβιος (Polúbios).


Parnasse

Parnassianism, 19th century literary movement


Propontide

Learned borrowing from Latin Propontis, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Προποντίς (Propontís).


Costa

→ English: Costa

Borrowed from Occitan Costa, from Latin costa.

a Languedoc surname, Costa, from Occitan, equivalent to the French Côté


Vicence

Vicenza (the capital city of the province of Vicenza, Veneto, Italy)


Fifi Brindacier

Pippi Longstocking (fictional character invented by Astrid Lindgren)


État libre associé de Porto Rico

Calque of Spanish Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico

calque

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico#English

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (the official name of Puerto Rico, a commonwealth, island and dependent territory of the United States)


Kampuchéa

Transliteration of Khmer កម្ពុជា (kampuciə). Doublet of Cambodge.

translit

(history) Kampuchea (former name of Cambodia, a country in Southeast Asia, during the time of the Khmer Rouge)


Brahim

Borrowed from Arabic بْرَاهِيم (brāhīm).

Suliane Brahim, b. 1978

Brahim Mahrez, b. 1972


Bettencourt

Inherited from Old French Béthencourt, from the Germanic personal name Betto, a variant of Berto, + cort (“court”).


Lapointe

English: Lapointe

desc

→ Chinese: → 拉普安特 (Lāpǔ'āntè) (transliteration)


Quai des Orfèvres
Quai des Orfèvres#French

(historical, Paris, law enforcement) Synonym of Quai des Orfèvres


Bellefontaine

English: Bellefontaine

From belle (“beautiful”) + fontaine (“fountain”).

af

Bellefontaine (toponym of numerous places)


Dreyfus

Japanese: ドレフュス (Dorefyusu)

Borrowed from German Dreifuß, an older name for Trèves, from Latin Augusta Trēverōrum.


BDN

Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
w:fr:Brandon, Manitoba, Canada

(sports) Abbreviation of Brandon. (Brandon, Manitoba, Canada)


OQLF

w:Office québécois de la langue française

(Quebec) Initialism of Office québécois de la langue française: the Quebec Board of the French Language


Smirnoff

Derived from Russian Смирно́в (Smirnóv).


Gigi

a diminutive of the female given names Gisèle, Gilberte, Georgette, or Virginie


Tamsui

Tamsui (a district of New Taipei, northern Taiwan)


Giroud

English: Giroud

A by-form of Giraud in Rhône-Alpes, from Frankish. Cognate with Gerald.

Giroud: a surname, equivalent to English Gerald


ordre du Temple

From ordre (“order”) + du (“of the”) + temple (“temple”).


ORSEC

Initialism of organisation de la réponse de sécurité civile: French plans for dealing with disasters and emergencies, specifying the personnel, equipment, and techniques to be used


Bonaventure

The municipality is named after the city of Bonaventure.

A regional county municipality of Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Quebec, Canada.


Tinkoff

Borrowed from Russian Тиньков (Tinʹkov).


Tartare

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Tartarus, alteration of Tatar, from a Turkic name. Influenced by Tartarus (“primeval god, underworld”).


Petitjean

English: Pettyjohn


Nadeau

English: Nadeau


Grosjean

/ɡʁɔs.ʒə.ɑ̃/


Lapierre

English: Lapierre

a surname, Lapierre, transferred from the common noun, equivalent to English Stone


Gagnon

→ English: Gagnon


Audet

English: Audet

desc

→ Chinese: → 奧代／奥代 (Àodài) (transliteration)


Vaillancourt

English: Vaillancourt

Spanish: Vaillancourt

→ Chinese: → 瓦揚古／瓦扬古 (Wǎyánggǔ) (transliteration)

Inherited from Old French Villencourt, from the Abbey of Villencourt (Abbaye de Villencourt), from ville+en+court, from being the location where Count William of Ponthieu held court in Thurn, on land belonging to Guillaume D'Abberville where the abbey was.

Vaillancourt: a habitational surname from placenames


Boko

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Boko (a district of the Republic of the Congo)


RTC

Réseau de transport de la Capitale
w:fr:Réseau de transport de la Capitale

Initialism of Réseau de transport de la Capitale, a transport agency serving Quebec City


Drouin

From Norman Drouin, corruption of Derouvin.


Fleury

English: Fleury


Côte-d'Or

Côte-d'Or (a department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)


Didon

Dido (legendary foundress and queen of Carthage)


CRTC

w:fr:Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes

(Canada) Initialism of Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes (“Canada Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission”): CRTC


Maison

English: Maison

In France, most prevalent in the Somme and Pas-de-Calais departments.


Chanel

→ English: Chanel

English: Shanelle

Inherited from Old French chanel (“pipe”).


Amari

Borrowed from Arabic عَمَّارِيّ (ʕammāriyy).

bor+

Chawki Amari, b. 1964


Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (an administrative region of France, created in 2016 by the merger of Auvergne and Rhône-Alpes)


Seine-Maritime

Seine-Maritime (a department of Normandy, France)


Tancarville

A small town in the Seine-Maritime department of Normandy


Guingamp

Guingamp (a commune of Brittany, France)


S.I.

Abbreviation of Système international (Système international d’unités).

gloss

<i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">Système international d’unités</i>

S.I.; Synonym of SI (International System of Units)


Guilliermond

Translingual: guilliermondii

André Alexandre Guilliermond (1812–1890), pharmacist and inventor of the cachet (a kind of pharmaceutical capsule with a solid shell consisting of starch mass)

Marie Antoine Alexandre Guilliermond (1876–1945), French botanist


IGN

(France, geography) Initialism of Institut Géographique National (the French national geographic institute, now called Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière)


Le Touquet

Le Touquet-Paris-Plage
Le Touquet-Paris-Plage#French


Le Touquet-Paris-Plage

a coastal resort in the Pas-de-Calais department of Hauts-de-France


Hauts-de-France

Hauts-de-France (an administrative region of France, created in 2016 by the merger of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy)


Monte Cristo

Alternative form of Montecristo; An island in Italy, in the Tyrrhenian Sea


Pecheur

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Fisher


Cris

Clipping of Christenaux (now Knistenaux), from Cree Kenisteniwuik (the name of a Cree village).


Pescheur

Pecheur

equivalent surname originating in modern French


Gaas

→ English: Gaas

* (surname): Borrowed from Occitan and originating from Landes.
* (toponym): Borrowed from Occitan Gars.

Holonym: Landes

Gaas (a village in the Landes department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Foix

→ English: Foix

Foix (the capital city of the Ariège department, France; capital city)


Rachid

English: Rachid

Occitan: Rachid


Pachyptile

(zoology) pachyptiles, of genus Pachyptila


Chateaubriand

Inherited from Middle French Chasteaubriand, from chasteau (“castle”) + Briand, equivalent to château + Briand (“the castle of Briand”, now Châteaubriant).


Tilsit

Tilsit (former name of Sovetsk, a city in Kaliningrad Oblast)


Esclave

English: Slavey, Slave, Slavé

Capitalization of esclave (“slave”); from Cree via translation of the Cree word for slave.


FIS

(ski) Abbreviation of Fédération internationale de ski; the International Ski Federation


Tocqueville

English: Tocqueville

desc

→ Chinese: → 托克維爾／托克维尔 (Tuōkèwéi'ěr) (transliteration)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Exilexi-arrêt Jouffroy - Tocqueville.wav

From Old French, from the Old Norse personal name Tóki + ville.

Tocqueville (a commune of the Eure department, Normandy, France)

Tocqueville (a commune of the Manche department, Normandy, France)

(fully de Tocqueville) a surname — famously held by:

François-Hippolyte Clérel de Tocqueville (1797–1877), senator of the French Third Republic

Alexis Charles Henri Clérel de Tocqueville (1805–1859), French diplomat, political scientist, historian, and author of De la Démocratie en Amérique (two volumes, 1835–1840) and L’Ancien Régime et la Révolution (1856)


Donaldville

From Donald (“Donald Duck”) + -ville (“-ville, -burg”), partial calque of English Duckburg.

af

Duckburg (fictional city where Donald Duck lives)


Charbonneau

From a diminutive of charbon (“coal”). Compare Charbeneau, Charboneau, Cole, Sharbono.


Destroismaisons

From des (“of the”) + trois (“three”) + maisons (“houses”).


Lafleur

English: Lafleur

Charles Lefrogne épouse à Montréal, le 20 novembre 1815, Marie Girard dit Lafleur, fille de Gabriel Lafleur et de Josette Boucher.

1995, Marcel Fournier, Les Français au Québec, 1765-1865: un mouvement migratoire méconnu, page 205:

Jacques Lafleur était un conservateur, il était viscéralement attaché au maintien du Territoire au sein de la France.

1992, Edgard Pisani, Persiste et signe, page 328:

Né à Longueuil, en avril 1856, Eugène Lafleur était le fils d’un pasteur baptiste, d’origine suisse.

1948, John Barrett McDonnell, Encyclopédie Grolier, Volume 6, page 383:

a surname, equivalent to English Lafleur


Saint-Étienne

Saint-Étienne (a city in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France).


Fortin

English: Fortin

desc

→ Chinese: → 福爾坦／福尔坦 (Fú'ěrtǎn) (transliteration)


Lefèvre

From le (“the”) + fèvre (“worker”). From Middle French fevre, from Latin faber.

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Smith


Guillot

Guille/Guill (“Will”) + -ot. diminutive of Guillaume (“William”)

a surname transferred from the nickname, equivalent to English Gillet/Gillett/Gillette or Willet/Willett/Willette


Lefebvre

English: Lefebvre


Gagné

* As an occupational surname for a farmer, from the Old French verb gaaignier (“to cultivate, work”). Compare Gagner, Gagnier, Gonyer, Gonia.
* Also altered from Gasnier, related to Garnier.


Jolicoeur

→ English: Jolicoeur

From joli + coeur (“gallant heart”), used as a soldier's name and nickname.


Thibodeau

English: Thibodeau

Variant of Thibaudeau, from the personal name Thibault.


Marchand

English: Marchand

a surname, Marchand, originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Chapman


Godbout

English: Godbout

From Middle English or Old French Godbald (male given name), from gōd (“good”) + bald (“bold”). The river and village are named after early local settler Nicolas Godeboust. The village and river were earlier spelled as "Godebout" before migrating to the current North American standard spelling "Godbout" of the surname for this term that is still "Godebout" in Europe.

Godbout: A village in Manicouagan, Côte-Nord, Quebec, Canada; on the in Godbout river

Godbout River: Ellipsis of Rivière Godbout.; A river in Côte-Nord, Quebec, Canada


Laflamme

English: Laflamme

From la + flamme, literally “the flame”.


Croteau

English: Croteau


Belcourt

The municipality is named after Franco-Ontarian parliamentarian Napoléon Belcourt (1860 - 1932).

La Vallée-de-l'Or
La Vallée-de-l'Or#English

A municipality of La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Létourneau

English: Letourneau

From l’ + étourneau, lit. "the starling".


Vachon

English: Vachon

a surname, Vachon, originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Cowherd or Coward

A river in Nord-du-Québec, Québec, Canada

A river in Chaudière-Appalaches, Québec, Canada

An electoral district in Montérégie, Québec, Canada


Loiseau

a surname transferred from the common noun, equivalent to English Bird


Crépeau

→ English: Crepeau

→ English: Crapo


Lavallée

English: Lavallee


Blais

English: Blais


Perrault

English: Perrault

a French surname, equivalent to English Perrault


Ledoux

English: Ledoux


Bourque

→ English: Bourque


Bisson

English: Bisson


Lamontagne

From la (“the”) + montagne (“mountain”).

a surname transferred from the common noun


Bédard

English: Bedard


Côté

English: Cote

Capitalization of côté. From Middle French costé, from Old French coste, from Latin costa.


Choquette

Variation of Picard choquet, from Picard choque (treetrunk, block of wood), from German Stock.


Chevalier

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Knight


Brousseau

English: Brousseau


Couillard

English: Couillard


Bissonnette

English:

Bissonnette

Bissonnett

Bissonnet


Garneau

English: Garneau


Bissonnet

English:

Bissonnet

Bissonnett

Bissonnette


Guillet

→ English: Guillet


Langevin

English: Langevin


Langelier

English: Langelier

. The surname is historically most prevalent in the Manche department.

Holonym: Saint-Maurin

A toponym in Saint-Maurin, Lot-et-Garonne


Chouinard

English: Chouinard


Frémont

→ English: Fremont

Ellipsis of Lac Frémont.; A lake in La Tuque, Quebec, Canada

Canton de Frémont
Canton de Frémont#French

Ellipsis of Canton de Frémont. (Township of Frémont); A canton of La Tuque, Quebec, Canada


Leclerc

English: Leclerc

Occupational surname from clerc (“clergyman”). In France, most prevalent in Seine-Maritime department.

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Leclerc


Chaon

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Chaon (a village and commune of the Loir-et-Cher department, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


loi de Charles

Named after French scientist Jacques Charles (1746–1823), who first formulated it.


Ventura

Lino Ventura, b. 1919


Waltham

The name of the municipality is derived from the English toponym Waltham.

A municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Shaughnessy

Borrowed from English Shaughnessy, from Irish.

Village Shaughnessy
Village Shaughnessy#French


Châtelperron

Châtelperron (a small town in the Allier department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Mauricie

Equivalent to Maurice + -ie. Coined by Québécois priest Albert Tessier. Named after the rivière Saint-Maurice that flows through the region.

coin

Mauricie (an administrative region of Quebec, Canada)


Shawinigan

Borrowed from English Shawinigan, a transliteration of the Amerind terms used for the area.
The municipality is named after the city.

Shawinigan (a city in the Mauricie region, Quebec).

A regional county municipality of Mauricie, Quebec, Canada.


Val-d'Or

Derived from val (“vale”) + d’ (“of”) + or (“gold”). The city is named after the gold mines in the area.

A city in La Vallée-de-l'Or, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Hébé

(Greek mythology) Hebe, the goddess of youth


Miquelon

→ English: Miquelon

→ Mi'kmaq: Mikliin

Derived from Basque Mikelon, a variant of the given name Mikel.


Bollinger

a surname from German, equivalent to English Bollinger


Dekkan

Borrowed from English Deccan, Dekkan, from Hindustani दक्खिन / دکھن (dakkhin).

Deccan (A region of central and southern India comprising the Deccan Plateau and surrounding areas.)


Madame Michu

a relatively unsophisticated user of technology


Ripon

The municipality is named after the English city of Ripon.

A municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Huynh

Borrowed from Vietnamese Huỳnh, from 黃 (“yellow”) (jaune). Doublet of Huang.

gloss

<i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">jaune</i>


Bergeron

English: Bergeron

desc

→ Chinese: → 貝熱龍／贝热龙 (Bèirèlóng) (transliteration)


Corcoran

/kɔʁ.kɔ.ʁɑ̃/

Borrowed from English Corcoran, Cochrane, from Irish Ó Corcráin.


Catane

Catania (a metropolitan city of Sicily, Italy)

Catania (the capital city of the metropolitan city of Catania, Sicily, Italy)


Levesque

a surname, Levesque, variant of Lévesque


Low

The name of the municipality is derived from the English surname Low. The municipality is named after Irish lumber merchant Charles Adamson Low.

La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau
La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau#English

A township municipality of La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Beaulieu

English: Beaulieu


Vuong

Borrowed from Vietnamese Vương, from 王 (“king”) (roi). Doublet of Wang.

gloss

<i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">roi</i>

a surname from Vietnamese, equivalent of the French surname Roy


Lavoie

English: Lavoie


Arsenault

English: Arsenault


Houle

English: Houle

* Variant of Houde
* From locations called a houle (“depression”)

a surname, Houle
a surname, variant of Houde

a surname from toponyms, equivalent to English Hole


Leclair

English: Leclair

From le + clair, literally means "the clean". Sometimes, from orthographic variations of homophones below. In France, most prevalent in Loire-Atlantique department.

a surname transferred from the nickname, equivalent to English Leclair


Lacroix

English: Lacroix


Plante

→ English: Plante

English: Plant


Tremblay

(Toponym): Attested on the Cassini map (1740s). From Middle French tremblay, designating a place where aspens (trembles) grow ; see tremblaie.
(Surname): From the toponym. Most prevalent in Quebec. Originating from France where it is most prevalent in Seine-Maritime.

Former name of Tremblay-en-France. (town in Seine-Saint-Denis)


Diallo

→ English: Diallo

Borrowed from Fula, possibly of jalo (“hoe”). Cognate of English Jallo, Jallow.


Pinon

→ English: Pinon

Historically most prevalent in the Indre-et-Loire and Loir-et-Cher departments.


Dionne

English: Dionne


Beaudoin

English: Beaudoin


Pabon

English: Pabon

Borrowed from Occitan Pavon or Spanish Pabón. Most prevalent in Landes and Haute-Garonne departments. Of Germanic origin, see Pavan.


Grenier

English: Grenier


Blanchette

English: Blanchette


Farah

Borrowed from Arabic فَرَح (faraḥ, “joy”).


Poulin

English: Poulin


Labelle

English: Labelle

desc

→ Chinese: → 拉貝勒／拉贝勒 (Lābèilè) (transliteration)

From la + belle.
The municipality in Québec is named after Catholic priest and colonisation advocate Antoine Labelle (1833 - 1891).

A municipality of Les Laurentides, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada.


Arceneaux

→ English: Arceneaux


Comeau

English: Comeau


Rivard

English: Rivard

→ Chinese: → 里瓦爾 (Lǐwǎ'ěr) (transliteration)

From rive (“river bank”) + -ard. From living by a river.

a habitational surname, Rivard, from landforms


Lessard

English: Lessard

→ Chinese: → 萊薩爾／莱萨尔 (Láisà'ěr) (transliteration)

A river in Chaudière-Appalaches, Québec, Canada

Lessard: A placename
Ellipsis of Rivière Lessard.
A river in Côte-Nord, Québec, Canada

A former commune and village in Lessard-et-le-Chêne, Lisieux, Calvados department, Normandy, France


Lalonde

English: Lalonde

Borrowed from Norman Lalonde, from Old Norse lundr (“woods”).

a surname, Lalonde, equivalent to the French Dubois


Marron

English: Marron

a French surname, equivalent to English Marron


Legrand

→ English: Legrand

→ Portuguese: Legrand

→ Spanish: Legrand

→ Chinese: → 勒格朗 (Lègélǎng) (transliteration)

Univerbation of le + grand, literally “the Great; the Grand”.

univ

a surname, Legrand, equivalent to English Grand


Lebeau

English: Lebeau


Giroux

English: Giroux


Therrien

English: Therrien


Letourneau

Letourneau: a surname; Alternative form of Létourneau


Gaudet

English: Gaudet


Dufour

English: Dufour

Portuguese: Dufour

Spanish: Dufour

Chinese: 迪富爾／迪富尔 (Dífùěr)

From du + four. In France, most prevalent in Nord department.

a common surname, equivalent to English Dufour


Bilodeau

English: Bilodeau


Archambault

Jacques Archambault, a French colonist in Montreal.


Levasseur

→ English: Levasseur


Rozier

English: Rozier


Charron

English: Charron


Qiu

Borrowed from Chinese 丘/邱 (qiū)/秋 (qiū)/裘 (qiú), etc.

Qiu Jun, b. 1421

(very rare) a French surname from Chinese


Beaudry

English: Beaudry

* The neighbourhood is named after priest Stanislas Beaudry.


Beaudry

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Rouyn-Noranda, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Chauvin

English: Chauvin

Inherited from Latin Calvīnus, a Roman cognomen. Doublet of Calvin and Cauvin.


Delisle

English: Delisle

desc

→ Chinese: → 德利勒 (Délìlè) (transliteration)

Inherited from Middle French Delisle, from Old French de l'Isle, from de+la+isle.

a surname, Delisle, transferred from the common noun


Jeanpierre

English: Jeanpierre

/ʒə.ɑ̃.pjɛʁ/


Lepage

English: Lepage

a surname, Lepage, originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Page


Deville

English: Deville

→ Chinese: → 德維爾／德维尔 (Déwéi'ěr) (transliteration)


Vincennes

Vincennes (a city and commune of Val-de-Marne, Île-de-France, France)


Lasalle

English: Lasalle

a surname, Lasalle, transferred from the common noun, equivalent to English Hall

Lasalle (a borough of Montreal, Quebec, Canada)


Youssef

Youssef Badr, b. 1981


Lafontaine

English: Lafontaine


Werth

Borrowed from Alemannic German or German Werth, also possibly via Russian Верт (Vert). In France, historically most prevalent in Haut-Rhin.


Dupuy

English: Dupuy

The municipality in Québec is named after priest Jean-Baptiste Dupuy (1804 - 1879).

A municipality of Abitibi-Ouest, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Lavergne

→ English: Lavergne

Borrowed from Occitan Lavernha. Most prevalent in Haute-Vienne.


Robillard

English: Robillard


Chiasson

English: Chiasson

From Chiasso + -on; From Italian Chiasso, from Lombard Ciass.


Latour

English: Latour

Borrowed from Occitan [Term?]. Most prevalent in Southwestern France.

a French surname from Occitan, equivalent to English Latour


Lamoureux

English: Lamoreaux

a surname, equivalent to English Lamoureux


Pellerin

→ English: Pellerin


Guerrier

English: Guerrier


Seguin

→ English: Seguin


Montesquieu

French man of letters Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu

a French commune in Lot-et-Garonne, New Aquitaine


Lajoie

English: Lajoie

From la + joie. From Old French Lajoie. From joir (“jouir”).


Fourier

French utopian socialist and philosopher Charles Fourier


Robichaud

→ English: Robichaud


Don Quichotte

From Spanish don Quixote (literally “Lord Quixote”). The French ‹ch› spelling represents the older pronunciation of the Spanish ‹x› spelling, which was /ʃ/ rather than the modern /x/. Compare Portuguese Dom Quixote and Italian Don Chisciotte, whose spelling also reflects the older pronunciation.

der

Don Quixote (the protagonist of a famous Spanish novel)


Larocque

English: Larocque


RDA

Abbreviation of République démocratique allemande (“German Democratic Republic”): GDR (East Germany)


Fort-de-France

Fort-de-France (the capital city of the French department of Martinique)


Ripoll

Ripoll (the capital of Ripollès, Girona, Catalonia).