Fanny

Borrowed from English Fanny, also used as a pet form of Stéphanie.


FAC

Forces armées canadiennes
w:fr:Forces armées canadiennes

(Canada, military) Abbreviation of Forces armées canadiennes: CAF (“Canadian Armed Forces”)

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Force aérienne du Canada: CAF (“Canadian Air Force”)

(algebraic geometry) Initialism of Faisceaux Algébriques Cohérents (a landmark paper by Jean-Pierre Serre)


CIA

Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence Agency

(espionage) CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)


CE

Abbreviation of communauté européenne (“European Community”).


KGB

Borrowed from Russian КГБ (KGB), through phonetic spelling of Komitét Gosudárstvennoj Bezopásnosti and acronymization.

KGB (the former Soviet State Security Committee)


BCE

Banque centrale européenne
Banque centrale européenne#French

European Central Bank
European Central Bank

Initialism of Banque centrale européenne (“ECB, European Central Bank”).


Mexico

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


OMC

Organisation mondiale du commerce#French

World Trade Organization
World Trade Organization

Initialism of Organisation mondiale du commerce (“WTO, World Trade Organization”).


EU

US (a country in North America); initialism of États-Unis (“United States”)


Iraq

Alternative spelling of Irak: Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Philippines

→ Persian: فیلیپین (filipin)

Philippe + -ine + -s, a calque of Spanish Filipinas, using the pet form of Filipe (“Philip”) (French: Philippe), named after the King of Spain, Philip II.

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


AA

Alcooliques Anonymes
Alcooliques Anonymes#French


Bahamas

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


France

Antillean Creole: Fwans

Haitian Creole: Frans

Louisiana Creole: Frans, Lafrans (via la France)

Mauritian Creole: Lafrans (via la France)

desc

→ Cantonese: 法蘭西／法兰西 (faat3 laan4 sai1, faat3 laan4-1 sai1)

→ Burmese: ပြင်သစ် (prangsac)

→ Breton: Frañs

→ Eastern Min: 法蘭西／法兰西 (Huák-làng-să̤)

→ Finnish: Frans

→ Hokkien: 法蘭西／法兰西 (Hoat-lân-se)

→ Japanese: フランス (Furansu)

→ Khmer: បារាំង (baarang)

→ Korean: 프랑스 (Peurangseu)

→ Mandarin: 法蘭西／法兰西 (Fǎlánxī)

→ Manchu: ᡶᠠ
ᠯᠠᠨ
ᠰᡳ (fa lan si)

→ Rade: Prăng

→ Romanian: Franța

Inherited from Middle French France, from Old French France, from Late Latin Francia, from Francī, the name of a Germanic tribe. Doublet of Francie.


Maldives

→ Persian: مالدیو (mâldiv)

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


Djibouti

Débarquement de troupes françaises dans le port de Djibouti.

1935, “File:Troops Djibouti 1935.jpg”, in Wikimedia Commons:

Landing of French troops in the port of Djibouti.


Belize

Alternative form of Bélize (“Belize (a country in Central America)”)


Afghanistan

Ultimately from Classical Persian افغانستان (afğānistān).

der

aller en Afghanistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital: Kaboul)


Nigeria

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Qatar

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Oman

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kiribati

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Mozambique

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Guatemala

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Ukraine

→ Khmer: អ៊ុយក្រែន (ʼuykraen)

desc

→ Lao: ອູກະແລນ (ʼū ka lǣn)

→ Lao: ອູກະແລນ (ʼū ka lǣn)

→ Persian: اوکراین (okrâyn)

Borrowed from Ukrainian Украї́на (Ukrajína) or Russian Украи́на (Ukraína), from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina).

bor+

L’Ukraine a toujours aspiré à être libre : mais étant entourée de la Moscovie, des états du grand-seigneur, et de la Pologne, il lui a fallu chercher un protecteur, et par conséquent un maître dans l’un de ces trois états. Elle se mit d’abord sous la protection de la Pologne qui la traita trop en sujette : elle se donna depuis au Moscovite, qui la gouverna en esclave autant qu’il le put. D’abord les Ukrainiens jouirent du privilège d’élire un prince sous le nom de général ; mais bientôt ils furent dépouillés de ce droit, et leur général fut nommé par la cour de Moscou.

1731, Voltaire, Histoire de Charles XII, page 161:

Ukraine has always aspired to be free: but being surrounded by Muscovy, the states of the Sultan, and Poland, a protector had to be sought, and consequently a master in one of these three states. She first put herself under the protection of Poland, who treated her too much as subject. She then gave herself to the Muscovite, who governed her as a slave as much as he could. At first the Ukrainians enjoyed the privilege of electing a prince under the name of general; but soon they were stripped of this right, and their general was appointed by the court of Moscow.

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


URSS

Initialism of Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques.


Madagascar

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Laos

→ English: Laos


Mali

→ Persian: مالی (mâli)


Niger

Japanese: ニジェール (Nijēru)

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)


Luxembourg

→ Japanese: リュクサンブール (Ryukusanbūru)

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Meronyms: Arlon, Attert, Aubange, Bastogne, Bertogne, Bertrix, Bouillon, Chiny, Daverdisse, Durbuy, Érezée, Étalle, Fauvillers, Florenville, Gouvy, Habay, Herbeumont, Hotton, Houffalize, La Roche-en-Ardenne, Léglise, Libin, Libramont-Chevigny, Manhay, Marche-en-Famenne, Martelange, Meix-devant-Virton, Messancy, Musson, Nassogne, Neufchâteau, Paliseul, Rendeux, Rouvroy, Sainte-Ode, Saint-Hubert, Saint-Léger, Tellin, Tenneville, Tintigny, Vaux-sur-Sûre, Vielsalm, Virton, Wellin

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)

jardin du Luxembourg
jardin du Luxembourg#French

Ellipsis of jardin du Luxembourg. (garden in Paris)


Cuba

Haitian Creole: Kiba

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Martinique

Haitian Creole: Matinik

administrative region
administrative region

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


Réunion

Réunion (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar)


Zaïre

la République du Zaïre

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

(historical) Zaire (A former country (1971–1997) in Central Africa; now the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Iran

République islamique d’Iran
République islamique d'Iran#French

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; official name: République islamique d’Iran)


Seychelles

Seychelles (an archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean)


FIFA

FIFA (International Federation of Association Football)


Vanuatu

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Romania

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía).

bor+

(academic, historical, linguistics) the Romance speaking areas of Europe


Mayotte

territorial collectivity
territorial collectivity

Mayotte (an archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, formerly an overseas territorial collectivity, located between Africa's mainland and Madagascar)


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Burkina Faso

→ Japanese: ブルキナファソ (Burukina Faso)

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Guadeloupe

Antillean Creole: Gwadloup

Haitian Creole: Gwadloup

Named after the Spanish city of Guadalupe. Coined by Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus in honour of the Our Lady of Guadalupe in Extremadura shrine.

coin

Guadeloupe (an island in the northeastern edge of the Caribbean Sea)

Guadeloupe (an archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, including the island of Guadeloupe)


Costa Rica

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


NASDAQ

(official until 2017) Alternative letter-case form of Nasdaq.


Portugal

Borrowed from Portuguese Portugal, from Latin Portus Cale.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Canada

English: Canada

Greek: καναντέρ (kanantér)

Italian: canadair

Serbo-Croatian: kanader

From the Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).


Congo

→ Japanese: コンゴ (Kongo)

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Congo (a country in Central Africa, larger and to the east of the Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


DNA

Les Dernières Nouvelles d’Alsace
w:Les Dernières Nouvelles d'Alsace

Initialism of Les Dernières Nouvelles d’Alsace (“Latest News from Alsace, a French periodical”).


Jordan

a male given name, equivalent to English Jordan


Jupiter

→ Persian: ژوپیتر (župiter)


RN

Rassemblement national
Rassemblement national#French

(French politics) Abbreviation of Rassemblement national (“National Rally”).


QC

Abbreviation of Québec., a province of Canada


SK

Abbreviation of Saskatchewan., a province of Canada


SI

Système international
Système international#French

Système international d’unités
Système international d'unités#French

Abbreviation of Système international. (Système international d’unités) (the international standard metric system)


CH

English: CH

(Canada) the hockey club, les Canadiens de Montréal


NE

ISO 3166-2:CH code of Neuchâtel (canton)


NB

Initialism of Nouveau-Brunswick (“New Brunswick”), a province of Canada


Victoria

→ Afar: Viktooríya

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Victoria


Nunavut

Borrowed from Inuktitut nunavut (“our land”).


São Paulo

Borrowed from Portuguese, named after Saint Paul.

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)

Et pourtant São Paulo ne m’a jamais paru laide : c’était une ville sauvage comme le sont toutes les villes américaines, à l’exception peut-être de Washington, D.C., [...]

1955, Claude Lévi-Strauss, chapter XI, in Tristes Tropiques, Plon, published 1993, →ISBN, page 108; republished as John Weightman, Doreen Weightman, transl., Tristes Tropiques, Penguin, 2011, →ISBN:

— And yet I never thought that São Paulo was ugly: it was a‘wild’ town, as are all American towns, with the possible exception of Washington, D.C., …

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)


Saskatchewan

Borrowing from Cree kisiskāciwani-sīpiy (“swift-flowing river”).


Yellowknife

Northwest Territories
Northwest Territories#English

Yellowknife (the capital city of the Northwest Territories, Canada).


Fredericton

Fredericton (the capital city of New Brunswick, Canada)


Paraná

Borrowed from Spanish Paraná or Portuguese Paraná, both from Old Tupi paranã (“river”).

Paraná (a river in central and southern South America)

Paraná (a state of the South Region, Brazil; capital: Curitiba)

Paraná (the provincial capital of Entre Ríos, Argentina)

Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul#English

Paraná (a municipality of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)


Iqaluit

Borrowed from Inuktitut ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ (iqaloit, “place of fish”), plural of ᐃᖃᓗᒃ (iqalok, “fish”).

bor+

Iqaluit (the capital city of Nunavut, Canada)


Alberta

Named after Princess Louise Caroline Alberta.


Winnipeg

Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, sieur de La Vérendrye

* From English Winnipeg; see English etymology for more information. Rendered as Ouinipigon by La Vérendrye.

Winnipeg (the capital city of Manitoba, Canada)

Winnipeg, Lake Winnipeg (a large lake in Manitoba, Canada)

Lake of the Woods
Lake of the Woods#English

Winnipeg, Winnipeg River (a river that flows 813 km from Lake of the Woods, Ontario, Canada into Lake Winnipeg)


Ontario

Probably from Wyandot ontari:io (literally “great lake”).

der

Ontario (all senses):
A province of Canada

Ontario (all senses):
A village in the Cayo District, Belize

San Bernardino County
San Bernardino County#English

A city in San Bernardino County, California

An unincorporated community in Knox County, Illinois

An unincorporated community in Lima Township, LaGrange County, Indiana, United States

A community of Ames, Story County, Iowa, United States

Ontario (all senses):
A county of New York

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town, hamlet, and census-designated place in Wayne County, New York

Ontario (all senses):
A city in Richland County, Ohio

Ontario (all senses):
A city in Malheur County, Oregon

Washington County
Washington County#English

A locality in North Bethlehem, Washington County, Pennsylvania

Charlotte County
Charlotte County#English

A locality in Charlotte County, Virginia

Ontario (all senses):
A village in Vernon County, Wisconsin


Melbourne

Melbourne (the capital city of Victoria, Australia)


Edmonton

Edmonton (the capital city of Alberta, Canada)


Canberra

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Toronto

Toronto (the capital city of Ontario, Canada)

Toronto (a suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia)


Sydney

(uncountable) Sydney (a major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia)

(uncountable) Sydney (a seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada, now part of the amalgamated Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island)


Salvador

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Calcutta

Borrowed from English Calcutta, from Bengali কলকাতা (kolkata).

Kolkata, Calcutta (the capital city of West Bengal, India)


pays du Soleil Levant

le pays du Soleil Levant (canonical masculine)

Land of the Rising Sun
Land of the Rising Sun

(periphrasis) the Land of the Rising Sun (Japan)


Ottawa

Borrowed from English Ottawa, ultimately from Ojibwe odaawaa (“traders”).

Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; capital city of Canada)

(by synecdoche, metonymically) the federal government of Canada


Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (a federal territory of Malaysia)


Bombay

Mumbai, Bombay (a megacity, the capital of Maharashtra, India)


Hong Kong

Hong Kong (a city, island, and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Serbie-et-Monténégro

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Serbia and Montenegro (a former country in Southeast Europe)


Europe

From Latin Eurōpa, from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπα (Eurṓpa), a character in Greek mythology.


Christian

a male given name, feminine equivalent Christiane, Christine, or Christelle, equivalent to English Christian


Laura

Borrowed from Late Latin Laura. A Latinate variant of Laure.


Amsterdam

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)


Palestine

Palestine (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)

Palestine (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Alençon

Alençon (a town and commune, the prefecture of the Orne department, Normandy, France)


PS

Initialism of Parti Socialiste, a socialist political party active in France, Belgium and Switzerland


SRC

Société Radio-Canada
w:fr:Société Radio-Canada

Initialism of Société Radio-Canada, a French-language network


Naples

Inherited from Middle French Napples, from Italian Napoli, from Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polis), from νέᾱ (néā, “new”) + πόλῐς (pólis, “city”).

Naples (a metropolitan city and city in Campania, Italy)


Madrid

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Madrid, Community of Madrid (an autonomous community of Spain)

Madrid (a province of the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Ankara

Holonym: Turquie


Roumanie

→ Persian: رومانی (rumâni)

→ Vietnamese: Ru-ma-ni

desc

→ Lao: ລູມານີ (lū mā nī)

→ Lao: ລູມານີ (lū mā nī)

From Latin Romania; alternatively, roumain + -ie.


Paris

desctree

→ English: Paris, Paree (humorous, deliberate misspelling), Parish, Parris, Parrish, Pares
→ Arabic: بارِيس (bārīs), بَارِيز (bārīz) — dated, پَارِيس (pārīs) — rare
→ Afar: Baaríis
→ Somali: Baaríis
→ Hindi: पेरिस (peris)
→ Urdu: پَیرِس (pairis)
→ Punjabi: پَیرَس (pairas)

Inherited from Old French Paris, from Late Latin name of an earlier settlement, Lūtētia Parīsiōrum (“Lutetia of the Parisii”), from Latin Parīsiī, a Gaulish tribe.

avec des si on mettrait Paris en bouteille

Paris est beaucoup moins bruyant en été

Paris est vraiment belle la nuit

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

Paris (a department of Île-de-France, France)


Paris

Partially from Occitan París and most generally from a variant of the given name Patrice; ultimately from Latin Patricius.


PC

(journalism, in Canada) CP Initialism of Presse canadienne. (Canadian Press)

(education, in Tunisia) CP Initialism of Physique-Chimie. (Engineering stream)


Toscane

administrative region
administrative region

Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


Orne

From Latin olinas, an homonym of Fluvius Olne, of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *olīnā (“elbow”).

Orne (a river in Normandy, in northwestern France)


Albert

a male given name, equivalent to English Albert


BBL

Banque Bruxelles Lambert
w:fr:Banque Bruxelles Lambert


PLC

Parti libéral du Canada (canonical masculine)

Parti libéral du Canada
Parti libéral du Canada

Liberal Party of Canada
Liberal Party of Canada

(initialism) (Canadian politics) Parti libéral du Canada — Liberal Party of Canada (LPC)


Michael

a male given name from English of modern usage


Michelle

a female given name, the feminine form of Michel (= Michael), with the latest popularity peak in the 1940s


Charles

→ English: Charles

→ Persian: شارل (šârl)

→ Russian: Шарль (Šarlʹ)

→ Chinese: 夏爾／夏尔 (Xià'ěr)

From Old French Charles, Carles, from Latin Carolus, from Germanic.

a male given name, equivalent to English Charles


Christopher

Borrowed from English Christopher, as a variant of the standard French Christophe.


Cologne

Inherited from Old French Cologne, Coloigne, from Latin colōnia (“colony”) in Colōnia Agrippīna (“Agrippine Colony”), a settlement named after Agrippina, the mother of Roman Emperor Nero.

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Juneau

English: Juneau

Juneau (the capital city of Alaska, United States).


Kiev

Kyiv (The capital city of Ukraine and the administrative centre of Kyiv Oblast)


Saint-Pierre

→ Mi'kmaq: Senpir

The island of Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon is named after Saint Peter, the patron saint of fishermen.
The town and commune are named after the island.

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint Pierre and Miquelon#English

A commune and island in Saint Pierre and Miquelon, France.

The capital city of Saint Pierre and Miquelon.


Quito

Named after the Quitu tribe. The name is a combination of two Tsafiki words: quitso (“center”) + to (“the world”); roughly translating as "center of the world."


Lagos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λάγος (Lágos).

bor+

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Lagus


Lagos

Borrowed from Portuguese Lagos (literally “lakes”).

A major city, the former capital of Nigeria

A city and municipality of Faro district, Portugal


Munich

Munich (the capital and largest city of Bavaria, Germany)


Surinam

Alternative spelling of Suriname: Suriname (a country in South America)


Piedmont

The name of the municipality is derived from piémont (“foothill”).

Les Pays-d'en-Haut
Les Pays-d'en-Haut#English

A municipality of Les Pays-d'en-Haut, Laurentides, Quebec, Canada


Los Angeles

Los Angeles (a large city in California, United States)


Christ

Inherited from Middle French Christ, borrowed from Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós), proper noun use of χριστός (khristós, “the anointed one”), a calque of Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšīaḥ, “anointed”) or the Aramaic equivalent (whence ultimately also English messiah, also via Latin, Greek).


Turin

Turin (the capital city of Piedmont, Italy)

Turin (a metropolitan city of Piedmont, Italy)


San Francisco

Meronym: Tenderloin

San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


Vancouver

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

Vancouver (a seaport, the largest city in British Columbia, Canada)

Vancouver (a city in Washington, United States)


Milan

Milan (the capital city of Lombardy, Italy)

Milan (a metropolitan city of Lombardy, Italy)


Syracuse

Syracuse (the capital city of the province of Syracuse, Sicily, Italy)


Florence

→ Dutch: Florence

→ English: Florence

Turkish: Floransa

Florence (the capital city of Tuscany, Italy)

Florence (a metropolitan city of Tuscany, Italy)

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Florence, feminine form of the saint's name Florent.


Maine

From Old French Cemaine, from Latin *Cenomania, from the name of the Gaulish Cenomani tribe of Gallia Celtica. The word was rebracketed as ce (“this”) + Maine, and the ce- was lost by the 12th century.


Maine

From earlier Maienne, from Latin Meduāna, of uncertain origin. Doublet of Mayenne.


Vientiane

desc

فِيَانْتِيَان

فِيِينْتِيَان

→ Arabic: فِيَانْتِيَان (fiyāntiyān), فِيِينْتِيَان (fiyīntiyān)

→ Czech: Vientiane

→ English: Vientiane

→ Finnish: Vientiane

→ German: Vientiane

→ Japanese: ヴィエンチャン (Vienchan)

→ Korean: 비엔티안 (Bientian)

→ Polish: Wientian

→ Portuguese: Vienciana, Vientiane

→ Russian: Вьентьян (Vʹjentʹjan)

→ Ukrainian: В'єнтьян (Vʺjentʹjan)


Tunis

Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


Zagreb

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Zurich

Zurich (the capital city of Zurich canton, Switzerland)


Molise

Molise (an administrative region of southern Italy)


Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


Liverpool

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)

Liverpool (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


Tokyo

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


Latium

(historical) Latium (a historical region of central Italy, in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire)

Lazio (an administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital)


Imperia

A town and associated province on the coast of Liguria, Italy


Daniel

(biblical) Daniel (biblical book and prophet)

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Daniel


New York

New York City (the largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States)


Java

L’île de Java.


Potenza

Potenza (a city and province of Basilicata, Italy)


Sondrio

Sondrio (a town and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Udine

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia#English


Sassari

Sassari (the capital city of the province of Sassari, Sardinia, Italy)


Prato

Prato (the capital city of the province of Prato, Tuscany, Italy)


Pordenone

Pordenone (a province of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy)

Pordenone (the capital city of the province of Pordenone, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy)


Terni

Terni (the capital city of the province of Terni, Umbria, Italy)


Pescara

Pescara (the capital city of the province of Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy)


Rieti

Rieti (the capital city of the province of Rieti, Lazio, Italy)


Teramo

Teramo (the capital city of the province of Teramo, Abruzzo, Italy)


Pistoia

Pistoia (the capital city of the province of Pistoia, Tuscany, Italy)


Rimini

Rimini (a province of Emilia-Romagna, Italy)

Rimini (a resort city, the capital of the province of Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, Italy)


Trapani

Trapani (the capital city of the province of Trapani, Sicily, Italy)


Berlin

→ Vietnamese: Béc-lanh

→ Persian: برلن (berlan)

États de la zone: Bade-Wurtemberg · Bavière · Brandebourg · Hesse · Basse-Saxe · Mecklembourg-Poméranie-Occidentale · Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie · Rhénanie-Palatinat · Sarre · Saxe · Saxe-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringe

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)


Trieste

Trieste (a province of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy)

Trieste (a city in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy)


Rome

→ Guianese Creole: Ròm

→ Haitian Creole: Wòm

→ Persian: رم (rom)

→ Lao: ໂຣມ (rōm)

Inherited from Old French Rome, from Latin Rōma.

Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)


Larissa

Borrowed from English Larissa in the 20th century.

a female given name, equivalent to English Larissa


Nicolas

a male given name, equivalent to English Nicholas


Arlon

Meronyms: Autelbas, Bonnert, Guirsch, Heinsch, Toernich

le vieil Arlon


Charleroi

Meronyms: Couillet, Dampremy, Gilly, Gosselies, Goutroux, Jumet, Lodelinsart, Marchienne-au-Pont, Marcinelle, Monceau-sur-Sambre, Montignies-sur-Sambre, Mont-sur-Marchienne, Ransart, Roux


Hainaut

Meronyms: Aiseau-Presles, Anderlues, Antoing, Ath, Beaumont, Belœil, Bernissart, Binche, Boussu, Braine-le-Comte, Brugelette, Brunehaut, Celles, Chapelle-lez-Herlaimont, Charleroi, Châtelet, Chièvres, Chimay, Colfontaine, Comines-Warneton, Courcelles, Dour, Écaussinnes, Ellezelles, Enghien, Erquelinnes, Estaimpuis, Estinnes, Farciennes, Fleurus, Flobecq, Fontaine-l’Évêque, Frameries, Frasnes-lez-Anvaing, Froidchapelle, Gerpinnes, Ham-sur-Heure-Nalinnes, Hensies, Honnelles, Jurbise, La Louvière, Le Rœulx, Lens, Les Bons Villers, Lessines, Leuze-en-Hainaut, Lobbes, Manage, Merbes-le-Château, Momignies, Mons, Mont-de-l’Enclus, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Morlanwelz, Mouscron, Pecq, Péruwelz, Pont-à-Celles, Quaregnon, Quévy, Quiévrain, Rumes, Saint-Ghislain, Seneffe, Silly, Sivry-Rance, Soignies, Thuin, Tournai


Bruges

Inherited from Old French Bruges, from Old Dutch Bruges, Bruggas, Brugias, probably from brugga (“bridge”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.

Bruges (the capital city of West Flanders province, Belgium)


Bruges

Bruges (a commune and town in the Gironde department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Namur

→ Azerbaijani: Namür

→ Bulgarian: Намюр (Namjur)

→ German: Namür

→ Ottoman Turkish: نامور (Namür)

→ Persian: نامور (nâmur)

→ Russian: Намю́р (Namjúr)

→ Ukrainian: Намю́р (Namjúr)

The municipality in Québec is named after the province in Belgium. The majority of the municipality's initial inhabitants emigrated from the province in the second half of the 19th century.

Meronyms: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Naninne, Rhisnes, Saint-Marc, Saint-Servais, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, Wierde

Meronyms: Andenne, Anhée, Assesse, Beauraing, Bièvre, Cerfontaine, Ciney, Couvin, Dinant, Doische, Éghezée, Fernelmont, Floreffe, Florennes, Fosses-la-Ville, Gedinne, Gembloux, Gesves, Hamois, Hastière, Havelange, Houyet, Jemeppe-sur-Sambre, La Bruyère, Mettet, Namur, Ohey, Onhaye, Philippeville, Profondeville, Rochefort, Sambreville, Sombreffe, Somme-Leuze, Viroinval, Vresse-sur-Semois, Walcourt, Yvoir

A municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Sarajevo

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Sarajevo (a canton of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Prague

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Alexandrie

Alessandria (a city and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Andros

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄνδρος (Ándros).

bor+

Andros (island and regional unit of the Cyclades, in the South Aegean autonomous region, Greece)

Andros (town and capital of the Andros regional unit, in the South Aegean autonomous region, Greece)


Nuuk

Borrowed from Danish Nuuk, from Greenlandic Nuuk.


Zeus

→ Vietnamese: Dớt

→ Persian: زئوس (ze'us)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).


Bretagne

→ Greek: Βρετάνη (Vretáni)

→ Russian: Брета́нь (Bretánʹ)

Brittany (an administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)


Malte

→ Persian: مالت (mâlt)

From Italian and Maltese Malta, from Arabic مالطا, from Latin Melita.

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Vaduz

Vaduz (a town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein)


Flevoland

Flevoland (a province of the Netherlands)


Reykjavík

Borrowed from Icelandic Reykjavík (“bay of smokes”).


Skopje

Romanization of Macedonian Скопје (Skopje).

Skopje (the capital city of North Macedonia)


Overijssel

Overijssel (a province of the Netherlands)


Utrecht

Utrecht (a city and capital of Utrecht, Netherlands)


Sarah

A spelling variant of the biblical given name Sara.


Douglas

Douglas (the capital city of the Isle of Man, United Kingdom)


Aaron

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Aaron


Afar

Territoire français des Afars et des Issas

French Territory of the Afars and the Issas


Apache

Apache (a town in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States)


Danube

Inherited from Middle French Danube, from Old French Danube (att. since mid-12th c.), borrowed from Latin Dānubius, from Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos, an extended form of the river-name *Dānu, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river goddess”), akin to *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion; to flow”).

der

Danube (a river in Europe; flowing 2850 kilometers from the confluence of the Breg and Brigach at Donaueschingen, Germany, into the Black Sea in Romania)


Grisons

→ English: Grisons

From gris (“grey”), referring to the color of the clothes of the original inhabitants. This is also reflected in the German name, Graubünden (“grey league”).


Valais

From Latin vallis (“valley”): in the Roman times, this province was known as Vallis Poenina.


Berne

Bern (the capital city of Switzerland; capital city of Bern canton)


Xavier

a male given name from Basque, equivalent to English Xavier


Neuchâtel

From Old French nuef (“new”) + chatel (“castle”).

The capital city of Neuchâtel canton, Switzerland


Lucerne

Lucerne (the capital city of Lucerne canton, Switzerland)

Lucerne (a canton of Switzerland, Switzerland)


Neptune

(Roman mythology) Neptune (Roman god of the sea)


Jura

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-musée départemental d'Histoire de la Résistance et de la Déportation de l'Ain et du Haut-Jura.wav

From Vulgar Latin *iuris, a Latinized form of Gaulish *iuris (“wooded mountain”), commonly derived from Proto-Celtic *yor- (“forest”), but this remains speculative, as cognates of this Celtic root remain lacking. More at Jura.

Jura (a department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)

Jura (an island in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland)

Jura (a mountain range in France and Switzerland)


Thomas

→ Vietnamese: Tô-ma, Tôma, Thô-ma

Ultimately borrowed from Latin Thōmās m.
 Inherited from Middle French Thomas m, inherited from Old French Tumas m, inherited from Latin Thōmās m.
Compare Occitan Tomàs m.

Il n’est pas rare aujourd’hui que le garçon bouvier se nomme Arthur, Alfred ou Alphonse, et que le vicomte — s’il y a encore des vicomtes — se nomme Thomas, Pierre ou Jacques. Ce déplacement qui met le nom « élégant » sur le plébéien et le nom campagnard sur l’aristocrate n’est autre chose qu’un remous d’égalité. L’irrésistible pénétration du souffle nouveau est là comme en tout.

1862, Victor Hugo, chapter 2, in Les Misérables, Tome I : Fantine, book 4; republished as Isabel F. Hapgood, transl., 1887:

It is not rare for the neatherd's boy nowadays to bear the name of Arthur, Alfred, or Alphonse, and for the vicomte--if there are still any vicomtes--to be called Thomas, Pierre, or Jacques. This displacement, which places the "elegant" name on the plebeian and the rustic name on the aristocrat, is nothing else than an eddy of equality. The irresistible penetration of the new inspiration is there as everywhere else.

a common surname originating as a patronymic


Joseph

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Joseph


Uranus

(Roman mythology) Caelus (Roman deity) Note: The Greek deity Uranus is Ouranos


Alpes

→ Belarusian: А́льпы (Álʹpy)

→ Bulgarian: А́лпи (Álpi)

→ Middle English: Alpes

desctree

English: Alps
→ Hindi: ऐल्प्स (ailps)
→ Japanese: アルプス (Arupusu)
→ Urdu: الپس (alps)

→ Macedonian: А́лпи (Álpi)

→ Ottoman Turkish: آلپ (Alp)

→ Ottoman Turkish: آلپلر (Alpler)

Turkish: Alpler

→ Persian: آلپ (âlp)

→ Romanian: Alpi

→ Russian: А́льпы (Álʹpy)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: Алпи

desc

Latin script: Ȃlpe, Alpi (Bosnia, Serbia)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Lingua)-La Salle-les-Alpes.wav

Alps (a mountain range in Western Europe)


Paul

Haitian Creole: Pòl


Claudia

a female given name from Latin, a Latinate variant of Claudie


Abbeville

→ English: Abbeville

→ Portuguese: Abbeville


Le Caire

au Caire

du Caire


Jérusalem

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


SCART

w:fr:Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs

Acronym of Syndicat des Constructeurs d’Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs; French-originated standard and associated connector for electronic equipment


Texas

Borrowed from English Texas, from Spanish Texas, Tejas.


Avignon

From Occitan Avinhon, from Latin Aveniōnem.

A regional county municipality of Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Quebec, Canada.


Italie

From Latin Italia via Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of bulls”), a name for the southwestern tip of the boot of Italy; usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).


Brian

Via English Brian from Irish Brian, ultimately from Breton Brien.


Richard

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Lingua)-chapelle Saint-Sixte de Puy-Richard.wav

a male given name, equivalent to English Richard


Chypre

From Latin Cyprus, from Ancient Greek Κύπρος (Kúpros).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

République de Chypre
République de Chypre#French

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia; official name: République de Chypre)


Alice

Inherited from Old French Alis, Alice, from Old High German Adalheidis.

a female given name, equivalent to English Alice


(colloquial, informal) Abbreviation of Seine-Saint-Denis (a department in Île-de-France, France).


Adam

Borrowed from Hebrew אָדָם (adam, “earth, man, soil, light brown”).

bor+

a diminutive of the male given names Adanet, Adenot, Adnet, or Adnot


Francie

En 843, le traité de Verdun, qui consacrait le premier démembrement de l’Empire de Charlemagne, assignait à Charles le Chauve un royaume composé des cinq grandes provinces suivantes : la Francie romane ou France, la Neustrie, la Bretagne, la Bourgogne occidentale et l’Aquitaine.

1893, Ch. Mauguin, Histoire des ducs de France, Paris, page 5:


James

From Old French James, from Vulgar Latin Iacomus, spoken and altered pronunciation of Latin Iacobus, from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Ἰακώβ (Iakṓb), from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿăqōḇ).

der

Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿăqōḇ)


David

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English David


EI

Initialism of État islamique (“Islamic State, IS”).


Alexandra

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρα (Alexándra). Feminine form of Alexandre.

bor+

a female given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Alexandra


Labrador

João Fernandes Lavrador
fr:Labrador
fr:Labrador (homonymie)

English Labrador, which is an eponym of Portuguese explorer João Fernandes Lavrador, derived from Latin labor (“work”).

Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador#English

Labrador, the mainland portion of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador (“Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador”)

(chiefly historical) Labrador, the area of the Atlantic watershed of the Quebec peninsula, bounded to the south by the watershed of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, to the north by the watershed of Ungava Bay, to the west by the watershed of Hudson Bay


Robert

a male given name, feminine equivalent Roberte, equivalent to English Robert


Alex

Short form of Alexandre and Alexis or Alexandra, ultimately from Ancient Greek.

a male or female given name, equivalent to English Alex


Gaby

a diminutive of the female given name Gabrielle


Gaby

a diminutive of the male given name Gabriel


Scylla

From Latin Scylla, from Ancient Greek Σκύλλα (Skúlla).

de Charybde en Scylla


Türkiye

Grâce à la forte participation de l’ONU, de la Türkiye et d’autres partenaires, nous avons montré comment la coopération de quelques-uns peut rétablir la sécurité alimentaire pour beaucoup.

2022, Rafael Barracuda, Comment améliorer le monde: Comment obtenir la paix, la sécurité, la santé et le bonheur ?, →ISBN:

De même, dans les affaires administratives, les différences sont vastes, la Croatie et l’Italie ont déclaré que plus de la moitié des affaires pendantes avaient plus de deux ans, suivies par l’Ukraine (39,6%) et la Türkiye (30,6%).

2022, Systèmes judiciaires européens - Rapport d’évaluation de la CEPEJ - 2022 Partie 1: Tableaux, graphiques et analyses, Conseil de l’Europe, →ISBN, page 163:

Le projet devrait être appliqué en Algérie, en Tunisie, en Palestine, en Égypte, en Jordanie et en Türkiye d’ici 2022.

2022, Traverser la crise du COVID-19 et préparer l’avenir: La reprise dans la région MENA, OCDE, →ISBN, page 82:

Les ministres de la Türkiye, de l’Allemagne, des États-Unis et du Maroc au stand de ce dernier lors de la visite de l’exposition.

2022, “Exhibition & Side Events”, in Transport for Inclusive Societies: Summit Highlights in Pictures, 18-22 May 2022, Leipzig, International Transport Forum, page 33:

Bien que les élèves du Luxembourg et de la Türkiye bénéficient de 15 semaines de vacances par an, celles-ci sont réparties en six périodes de vacances au Luxembourg, et en deux périodes en Türkiye (figure 17.6).

2022, Rapport mondial de suivi sur l’éducation: Les acteurs non étatiques dans l’éducation, UNESCO, →ISBN, page 332:

(neologism) Türkiye, Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Bristol

The municipality is named after the English city of Bristol.

A municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Floride

Florida (a peninsula in the state of Florida, United States)


Jason

a male given name, equivalent to English Jason


Thessalonique

→ Persian: تسالونیک (tesâlonik)


La Mecque

Mecca (a large city in the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam)


Jessica

Borrowed from English Jessica, popular at the end of the 20th century.


Anne

LL-Q150 (fra)-Amqui-Petite rivière Sainte-Anne.wav

a female given name, equivalent to English Ann


Inde

Borrowed from Classical Persian هند (hind, “India”).


Belgique

→ Persian: بلژیک (belžik)

→ Ottoman Turkish: بلچیقه (belçika)

> Turkish: Belçika (inherited)

→ Azerbaijani: Belçika

→ Crimean Tatar: Belçika

→ Central Kurdish: بەلجیکا (belcîka)

→ Arabic: بِلْجِيكَا (biljīkā)

Originally an adjective, borrowed from Latin Belgicus; morphologically, from Belge + -ique. Noun use arose by ellipsis of province belgique.

Royaume de Belgique
Royaume de Belgique#English

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France; official name: Royaume de Belgique)


Danemark

→ Persian: دانمارک (dânmârk)

il y a quelque chose de pourri au royaume du Danemark


Autriche

→ Persian: اتریش (otriš)

→ Northern Kurdish: Otrîş

→ Lao: ໂອຕຣິດ (ʼōt rit)

→ Khmer: អូទ្រីស (ʼoutriih)

→ Mauritian Creole: Otrish

From Middle French Aust(e)riche, Ost(e)riche, from Old French Ostriche (ca. 1200), from Middle High German Ōsterīche, from Old High German Ōstarrīhhi (literally “eastern realm”).


Pâques

Haitian Creole: Pak

→ Lingala: Páke

→ Persian: عید پاک ('eyd-e pâk)

Inherited from Middle French Pasques, from Old French pasques, pasches, from Latin pascha (influenced by pascuum, pascua (“grazing”)), from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha), from Aramaic [script needed] (pasḥa), from Hebrew פסחא (pasḥa).

Joyeuses Pâques !


Fiona

a female given name from the Goidelic languages, popular in the 1990s and the 2000s


Gibraltar

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Alaska

Borrowed from English Alaska, ultimately from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Demain soir, je vais en Alaska rendre visite à mon cousin.

Tomorrow evening, I'm going to Alaska to visit my cousin.

États: Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · Californie · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Floride · Géorgie · Hawaï · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiane · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · Nouveau-Mexique · État de New York · Caroline du Nord · Dakota du Nord · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvanie · Rhode Island · Caroline du Sud · Dakota du Sud · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginie · Washington · Virginie-Occidentale · Wisconsin · Wyoming

Samoa américaines · Guam · Îles Mariannes du Nord · Porto Rico · îles mineures éloignées des États-Unis · Îles Vierges des États-Unis


Gabriel

→ Alemannic German: Gaabi

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Gabriel


Irak

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Bollywood

From English Bollywood, from Blend of Bombay + Hollywood.


Hollywood

Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, United States


Wisconsin

Wisconsin (a state of the United States)


Wyoming

From Munsee xwé:wamənk (literally “at the big river flat”).

Holonym: États-Unis


Colorado

Gulf of California
Gulf of California#English

The Colorado River (a major river of western North America, running from the Rocky Mountains in the United States to the Gulf of California in Mexico.)

Holonym: États-Unis


Nevada

Borrowed from English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”)


Illinois

Haitian Creole: Ilinwa


Cyril

a male given name from Ancient Greek, variant of Cyrille


Alabama

Borrowed from English Alabama, itself likely from Alabama Albaamaha.

Demain, je vais dans l’Alabama rendre visite à ma grand-mère.

Tomorrow, I'm going to Alabama to visit my grandmother.


Clara

From Italian Clara, Latin clāra. Latinate variant of Claire.

Pendant sa convalescence, elle s’occupa beaucoup à chercher un nom pour sa fille. D’abord, elle passa en revue tous ceux qui avaient des terminaisons italiennes, tels que Clara, Louisa, Amanda, Atala ; elle aimait assez Galsuinde, plus encore Yseult ou Léocadie.

1857, Gustave Flaubert, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling, Madame Bovary: Part II, Chapter III::

Whilst she was getting well she occupied herself much in seeking a name for her daughter. First she went over all those that have Italian endings, such as Clara, Louisa, Amanda, Atala; she liked Galsuinde pretty well, and Yseult or Leocadie still better.


Rhin

From Old High German Rīn, from Proto-West Germanic *Rīn.

Rhine (a major river in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, France, Germany and the Netherlands)


Vincent

Haitian Creole: Vensan

desc

→ Chinese: → 樊尚 (Fánshàng) (transliteration)

desctree

→ English: Vincent
→ Arabic: فينسنت (fīnsint)
→ Greek: Βίνσεντ (Vínsent)
→ Japanese: ビンセント (Binsento), ヴィンセント (Vinsento)

→ German: Vincent

→ Slovak: Vincent

→ Greek: Βενσάν (Vensán)

→ Japanese: ヴァンサン (Vansan)

→ Norman: Vîncent

→ Swedish: Vincent

→ Vietnamese: Vinhsơn, Vinh Sơn

a male given name, Vincent, from Latin, equivalent to English Vincent

a surname, Vincent, originating as a patronymic


Peugeot

a surname, particularly that of the dynastic car-manufacturing family


Washington

Washington (a state of the United States)

Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.#English

Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)


Sophie

a female given name, equivalent to English Sophia

1845, Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui, Voyage en Bulgarie 1841, chapitre IX
On franchit une marche de Nissa à Mustapha-Pacha-Palanka, puis une autre de Palanka à Scharkoë et une troisième de Scharkoë à Sophie, en traversant le long plateau de Tzaribrod.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(archaic) Sofia (the capital city of Bulgaria)


Barbara

From Latin Barbara (name of a legendary saint), feminine form of barbarus, from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “strange, foreign”).

der

a female given name, equivalent to English Barbara


William

Borrowed from English William, though ultimately of Anglo-Norman origin. Doublet of Guillaume.


Salon des Refusés

Literally, “Room of the Refused (Works)”.

lit

Salon des Refusés
Salon des Refusés#English


Chicago

Audio

Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)


Aldebaran

Tour à tour bleue et rose comme l’astre trompeur d’Aldebaran, c’était Adrienne ou Sylvie, – c’étaient les deux moitiés d’un seul amour.

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Sylvie”, in Les Filles du feu:

Blue and pink by turns like the deceptive star of Aldebaran, it was Adrienne and Sylvie – they were the two halves of a single love.


Rennes

Rennes (the capital city of the Ille-et-Vilaine department, France; capital city of the region of Brittany)


Judith

From Hebrew יְהוּדִית (Y'hudít, “woman from Judea, Jewess”).


Louis

→ Armenian: Լուի (Lui)

→ Chinese: 路易 (Lùyì)

→ Dutch: Louis

→ German: Louis, Luis

→ Georgian: ლუი (lui)

→ Hebrew: לוּאִי (lúi)

→ Japanese: ルイ (Rui)

→ Russian: Луи́ (Luí)

→ Ukrainian: Луї (Luji)

→ Vietnamese: Luy

Inherited from Middle French Loïs, Loïc, from Old French Looïs, Luis, Lodevis, Lodhwig, from Latin Ludovicus < Clodovicus, from Frankish *Hlūdawīg, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz (“loud, famous”) + *wīgą (“battle”).
Doublet of Ludovic, a borrowing, as well as Clovis. Romance cognates include Italian Luigi, Spanish Luis (taken from Old French). Compare also the Germanic cognates, Dutch Lodewijk, German Ludwig.


Simone

a female given name, the feminine form of Simon


Arthur

Arabic: آرثر

Japanese: アルテュール (Arutyūru)

Equivalent to English Arthur, used in France since the Middle Ages.


Phil

a male given name, diminutive of Philippe


Chazal

English: Chazal

a French surname, equivalent to English Chazal


Isaac

a male given name, equivalent to English Isaac


Marie

→ Danish: Mari, Marie

→ English: Marie

→ Georgian: მერი (meri)

→ German: Marie

→ Norwegian: Mari, Marie

→ Swedish: Mari, Marie

⇒ French: Manon (diminutive)

→ Dutch: Manon

⇒ French: Marion (diminutive)

→ English: Marion, Marian

⇒ French: Marise (diminutive)

→ Dutch: Marijse

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary. Also a very common part in hyphenated female given names such as Anne-Marie or Marie-Pierre

Used as the latter part of hyphenated male given names such as Jean-Marie or Pierre-Marie.


Catherine

→ English: Catherine

Japanese: カトリーヌ (Katorīnu)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Anonymât (Kvardek du)-rue Sainte-Catherine.wav

From Medieval Latin Katerīna, from Latin Ecaterīna, from Ancient Greek Αἰκατερίνη (Aikaterínē), *Ἑκατερίνη (*Hekaterínē).

a female given name, equivalent to English Catherine


Caroline

a female given name, masculine equivalent Charles

Carolina (one of the two states of the United States named Carolina in English)


Huang He

Yellow River, Huang He (a river in northern China)


Colin

a common surname originating as a patronymic


Beijing

Borrowed from Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng). Doublet of Pékin.

(chiefly North America) Synonym of Pékin


Patrick

a male given name, the English form of Patrice, quite popular in France


Samuel

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Samuel


Japon

⇒ Haitian Creole: Japon

→ Italian: Giappone

→ Khmer: ជប៉ុន (cĕəʼpon)

⇒ Lombard: Gjapon

→ Norman: Japon

→ Persian:

Iranian Persian: ژاپُن (žâpon)

⇒ Piedmontese: Giapon

→ Rade: Za pô nê (via japonais)

→ Turkish: Japon

→ Venetan: Giapòn

From Portuguese Japão, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


Alfred

From English Alfred, from Old English Ælfræd.


Taylor

a unisex given name from English, of modern usage


Peltier

a surname, notably of Jean Charles Athanase Peltier, French physicist who discovered the Peltier effect


Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


Roy

English: Roy

Inherited from Old French roy (literally “king, ruler”). Doublet of roi.


Charlotte

a female given name; a feminine diminutive form of Charles


Allemagne

→ Ottoman Turkish: آلمانیه (Almanya)

> Turkish: Almanya (inherited)

→ Northern Kurdish: Almanya

→ Abkhaz: алман (alman)

→ Persian:

Dari: آلْمَان (ālmān)

Iranian Persian: آلمان (âlmân)

Tajik: Олмон (Olmon)

→ Vietnamese: An Lê Mân

→ Malagasy: Alemaina

Inherited from Old French Alemaigne, from Latin Alemannia. Compare Portuguese Alemanha, Spanish Alemania, English Almain.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Maurice

→ English: Maurice

→ English: Morris

→ Persian: موریس (moris)

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)

a male given name, Maurice, equivalent to English Morris


Jérôme

a male given name, equivalent to English Jerome


API

International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet

Initialism of alphabet phonétique international: IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet)


Angleterre

desctree

Italian: Inghilterra
→ Arabic: إِنْجِلْتِرَا (ʔinjiltirā)
→ Maltese: Ingilterra
→ Ottoman Turkish: انكلتره
> Turkish: İngiltere (inherited)
→ Azerbaijani: İngiltərə

/ɑ̃.ɡlə.tɛʁ/

Inherited from Middle French Angleterre, Engleterre, from Old French Engleterre, calque of Old English Engla land.

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)

(informal, often proscribed) England (informal name of the United Kingdom, a country in Western Europe)


Louise

a female given name, feminine form of Louis


Detroit

Borrowed from English Detroit, from French Détroit, from détroit.

Detroit; Alternative form of Détroit
A city in Michigan, United States

A river in Michigan, United States and Ontario, Canada


Jacques

Haitian Creole: Jak

→ Albanian: Zhak, Xhak, Xhakë

→ Dutch: Sjaak

→ English: Jacques, Jack (more often a diminutive of John)

→ Latvian: Žaks

desc

→ Chinese: → 雅克 (Yǎkè) (transliteration)

From Latin Iācōbus, possibly a semi-learned borrowing (compare inherited Old French James, source of English James), from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Ἰακώβ (Iakṓb), from Biblical Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿăqōḇ). Doublet of Jacob, a learned borrowing.

Il n’est pas rare aujourd’hui que le garçon bouvier se nomme Arthur, Alfred ou Alphonse, et que le vicomte — s’il y a encore des vicomtes — se nomme Thomas, Pierre ou Jacques. Ce déplacement qui met le nom « élégant » sur le plébéien et le nom campagnard sur l’aristocrate n’est autre chose qu’un remous d’égalité. L’irrésistible pénétration du souffle nouveau est là comme en tout.

a male given name, the French equivalent of James and Jacob, and formerly used as a generic name for peasants


Sahara

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْرَاء (ṣaḥrāʔ, “desert”).

bor+

Holonym: Afrique

Meronyms: désert de Libye, désert Libyque


Champagne

→ English: Champagne, champagne

→ Dutch: Champagne, champagne

Inherited from Old French, from Late Latin campānia (in full Campānia Rēmēnsis), from campāneus, from Latin campus. Doublet of campagne; cf. also champagne.

Champagne (a region and former province of France, the terroir of the wine champagne; now part of Grand Est)


Bernard

a male given name, equivalent to English Bernard


Marianne

a female given name, a combination of Marie and Anne

(France, politics, philosophy) Marianne; a personification of France


Nguyen

Paris

Normandy


Erika

a female given name from the North Germanic languages, masculine equivalent Érik; variant form Érica


Laplace

English: Laplace


Moscou

→ Persian: مسکو (mosko)

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Mantoue

Mantua (the capital city of the province of Mantua, Lombardy, Italy)


Rebecca

a female given name, equivalent to English Rebecca


Éthiopie

→ Khmer: អេត្យូពី (ʼeetyoupii)

desc

→ Lao: ເອທິໂອປີ (ʼē thi ʼō pī)

→ Lao: ເອທິໂອປີ (ʼē thi ʼō pī)

→ Persian: اتیوپی (etyupi)

Learned borrowing from Latin Aethiopia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek Αἰθιοπία (Aithiopía).


Foucault

(physics) the French physicist Jean Bernard Léon Foucault

(philosophy) the French philosopher Michel Foucault


Venise

→ Vietnamese: Vơ-ni-dơ

Venice (the capital city of Veneto, Italy)

Venice (a metropolitan city of Veneto, Italy)


Claude

Borrowed from Latin Claudius m, Claudia f.

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Claude

a diminutive of the female given name Claudette, from Latin, equivalent to English Claudia; variant forms Claudie, Claudine, Claudia


Raymond

a male given name, equivalent to English Raymond


FN

Front National; a political party from either France or Belgium


FN

Fabrique Nationale; a Belgian firearms manufacturer


Alexia

a female given name, equivalent to English Alexia


Acton

A regional county municipality of Montérégie, Quebec, Canada.


Abby

Borrowed from English Abby in the 20th century.


Lolita

Elle était Lo le matin, Lo tout court, un mètre quarante-huit en chaussettes, debout sur un seul pied. Elle était Lola en pantalon. Elle était Dolly à l’école. Elle était Dolorès sur le pointillé des formulaires. Mais dans mes bras, c’était toujours Lolita.

1963, Vladimir Nabokov, Éric Kahane, chapter 1, in Lolita: Traduit de l'anglais par E.H. Kahane. Roman, Livre de poche (impr. Brodard et Taupin):

She was Lo in the morning, just Lo, one meter forty-eight in socks, standing on one foot. She was Lola in slacks. She was Dolly at school. She was Dolores on the dotted line of forms. But in my arms, she was always Lolita.


Ange

a male or female given name, also used in compound names like Marie-Ange


Auger

English: Auger


Barbe

a female given name, equivalent to English Barbara as a saint's name. Usual given name form: Barbara


Avril

English: Avril


Bologne

From Latin Bononia, the Roman settlement's name.


Blanc

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-rue Pierre-Blanc.wav

a surname, from the common noun/adjective blanc


Can

Acronym of Coupe d'Afrique des nations.; AFCON


Chine

From Persian چینی (čini, “Chinese; porcelain”), compound of چین (čin, “China”) and the suffix ـی (-i), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (čīn, “China”), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna).


Bikini

desctree

⇒ French: bikini
→ Dutch: bikini
→ English: bikini
→ Norwegian Bokmål: bikini
→ German: Bikini
→ Portuguese: biquíni
→ Spanish: biquini

From English Bikini, from earlier German Bikini, the colonial name of the atoll as part of German New Guinea, and this was derived from Marshallese Pikinni.


Centre

administrative region
administrative region

Centre (a former administrative region of France, now named Centre-Val de Loire)


Claire

From Latin Clara, with transparent meaning in modern French (claire).

a female given name, equivalent to English Clara


Céleste

a female given name, equivalent to English Celeste


Cronos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κρόνος (Krónos).


Castor

(Canada) Dane-zaa or Beaver indigenous people


Dieu

Guianese Creole: Bondjé

Mauritian Creole: Bondye

desctree

Saint Dominican Creole French: bon Dieu
Haitian Creole: Bondye

Seychellois Creole: Bondye

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-La Part-Dieu.wav

Inherited from Middle French Dieu < Old French Deu, from Latin Deus.


Cher

Named after the Cher River, from the pre-Indo-European substrate hydronym *kʰar- (“stone”) (compare Ancient Greek κάρκαρος (kárkaros, “rough, jagged”)).

cog

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Cher (a department of Centre-Val de Loire, France)

Cher (a left tributary of the Loire, in central France)


Chili

→ Persian: شیلی (šili)


City

(finance, with definite article) the City


Corse

Inherited from Latin Corsica, from Ancient Greek Κορσική (Korsikḗ).

Corsica (an island, department, and administrative region of France, in the Mediterranean to the north of Sardinia)


Abraham

a male given name, equivalent to English Abraham


Caro

a diminutive of the female given names Carole, Caroline, or Carolane


Canadien

Le Canadien a entamé la deuxième moitié de saison sur une note positive en signant un difficile gain de 2-1 lors de leur premier match au Centre Bell depuis le 17 décembre.

2016 January 6, Michel Lamarche, “Rien de mieux que la maison”, in Réseau des sports, archived from the original on 2016-01-10:

The Habs started the second half of the season on a positive note with a tough 2-1 win in their first game at the Bell Centre since December 17.

(ice hockey) The Montreal Canadiens hockey club.


Fleur

English: Fleur

Fleur Pellerin, b. 1973


Flore

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Flora


Fermi

a surname from Italian, equivalent to English Fermi


Gap

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Gap (a town, the capital of the Hautes-Alpes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Gard

Gard (a department of Occitanie, France)

Gardon, Gard (a right tributary of the Rhône, in southern France)


Genie

a diminutive of the female given name Eugénie


Guangzhou

/ɡwɑ̃ɡ.dʒɔw/

Holonym: Guangdong

Guangzhou (the capital and largest city of Guangdong, China)


Acre

From Latin Akre, from Ancient Greek Ἄκο (Áko) or Ἄκη (Ákē), from Hebrew עכו (ʿAkko), of unknown origin.


Acre

From Portuguese Acre, of uncertain origin.

A state of the North Region, Brazil. Capital: Rio Branco


Hull

A district of Gatineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.

a placename
Various places in Canada, USA, UK
Hull, Quebec, Canada


Bergen

From Norwegian Bergen, from Old Norse Bjǫrgvin (“meadow between the mountains”).


Koala

English: Koala

A village and commune of the Saaba department, Kadiogo, Centre, Burkina Faso

A village and commune of the Sourgoubila department, Kourwéogo, Plateau-Central, Burkina Faso

(historical, 18th century) A former settlement and capital of Koala, Liptako, West Africa, destroyed at the end of the eponymous kingdom by Fula rebellion

(historical, 18th century) A former kingdom in Liptako, West Africa founded by the Gourmantché people

(historical, 19th century) A former kingdom in Liptako, West Africa founded by the Gourmantché people after the destruction of the first kingdom by the Fula


Guy

Inherited from Middle French Guy, from Old French Gui, from Old High German Wido, a short form of names beginning with the element Proto-Germanic *widuz (“wood”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Guy


Lore

a female given name, variant of Laure, equivalent to English Laura


Macron

English: Macron

desc

→ Chinese: → 馬克龍／马克龙 (Mǎkèlóng) (transliteration)


Jade

a female given name from the noun jade, popular in the 2000s


Macao

Macau (A Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China just west of Hong Kong)


Flora

a female given name from Latin, a Latinate variant of Flore


Hertz

Translingual: Hz


Jo

a unisex given name, a pet name diminutive of Joanne, Joanna, Josée, José, Joseph, etc.


Madeleine

Inherited from Latin Magdalēna. Doublet of Magdaléna.

— M. Léon, disait le pharmacien, avec qui j’en causais l’autre jour, s’étonne que vous ne choisissiez point Madeleine, qui est excessivement à la mode maintenant.
Mais la mère Bovary se récria bien fort sur ce nom de pécheresse.

"Monsieur Leon," said the chemist, "with whom I was talking about it the other day, wonders you do not chose Madeleine. It is very much in fashion just now."
But Madame Bovary, senior, cried out loudly against this name of a sinner.

a female given name, equivalent to English Magdalene


Marc

Haitian Creole: Mak

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Mark


Granada

The name refers to the mining company Granada Gold Mines, which operated a gold mine in the territory of the neighbourhood between 1930 and 1937. The company was named in turn after Grenada in Andalusia in an effort to give the company name an exotic bent.

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Rouyn-Noranda, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Canton

Borrowed from Portuguese Cantão, from Mandarin 廣東／广东 (Guǎngdōng).

Synonym of Guangzhou (The capital and largest city of Guangdong, China)


Hun

From Latin Hunni. Possibly a doublet of Xiongnu.

Huns; Alternative form of Huns; a nomadic people originating out of Central Asia that invaded the Roman Empire in the 5th century


Maria

From Vulgate Latin Maria, from Ancient Greek Μαρία (María), Μαριάμ (Mariám), from Aramaic מרים (Maryām), corresponding to the Hebrew מרים (Miryām). A Latinate variant of the vernacular French Marie.


Marine

a female given name, equivalent to English Marina


Nasdaq

Le Nasdaq est le deuxième marché boursier des États-Unis, juste après le marché de la Bourse de New York (NYSE pour New York Stock Exchange).

2008, Diane Riopel, Clément Croteau, Dictionnaire illustré des activités de l’entreprise, français-anglais : industrie, techniques et gestion, Presses inter Polytechnique, →ISBN, page 344:

Bernard Madoff attirait les investisseurs par un réseau dense de rabatteurs, mais aussi par la position centrale qu’il occupait dans la finance en tant qu’ancien président du Nasdaq avec des liens étroits à l’intérieur de la SEC.

2009 March, Michel Aglietta, Sandra Rigot, Crise et rénovation de la finance, Paris: Odile Jacob, →ISBN, page 167:

Avec des actions cotées en fractions, nous pouvons vite comprendre pourquoi les market-makers du NYSE et du Nasdaq étaient réticents à la décimalisation des marchés financiers au début des années 2000.

2023, William Troyaux, Trading Haute Fréquence et Dark Pools : La Complexité des Marchés Financiers, BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, page 27:


Max

Clipping of Maxime, Maximilien, Maxence.

a male given name
diminutive of Maximilien


Jean

→ Japanese: ジャン (Jan)

→ Persian: ژان (žân)

→ Limburgish: Sjang, Sjeng

→ Chinese: → 讓／让 (ràng) (transliteration)

Inherited from Old French Jehan, from Latin Iōhannēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Hebrew יוחנן (Yôḥānān, “Yahweh is gracious”).

der

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English John, traditionally very popular in France, also common as the first part of hyphenated given names


Marcel

From Latin Marcellus, diminutive of Marcus.

a male given name, equivalent to English Marcel, traditionally popular in France, borne by a 3rd century saint


Argentine

→? Japanese: アルゼンチン (Aruzenchin)

→ Persian: آرژانتین (âržântin)


Omer

Ultimately from Frankish *Audamār, which consists of Proto-Germanic *audaz (“wealth, riches”) and *mēraz (“famous”). Cognates include Czech and German Otmar.
Cognates of *ōd- from *audaz include the first part of the given names Otto, Edward and Edmund. See also Old English ēad.
Cognates of *-mǣr-/*-mār- from *mērijaz include: the second part of given names like Sigmar, Dietmar, Ingemar, etc. See Old English mǣre.


Olivier

Attested in the 11th century as Oliver in The Song of Roland.

a male given name, equivalent to English Oliver


Parole

Au commencement était la Parole, et la Parole était avec Dieu, et la Parole était Dieu.

1979, La Bible, Nouvelle Édition de Genève, Jean 1:1:

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.


Pique

A left tributary of the Garonne, Occitanie, France.


Merle

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-boulevard Vivier-Merle.wav

Originally a nickname or an occupational name from merle (“blackbird”).


Henry

a male given name, a less common spelling of Henri


Liège

→ English: Liège

→ Polish: Liège

→ Portuguese: Liège

Found in Medieval Latin as Leodium or Leodicum, probably ultimately of Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic *liudiz (“people”).

Meronyms: Amay, Amel, Ans, Anthisnes, Aubel, Awans, Aywaille, Baelen, Bassenge, Berloz, Beyne-Heusay, Blegny, Braives, Büllingen, Burdinne, Burg-Reuland, Bütgenbach, Chaudfontaine, Clavier, Comblain-au-Pont, Crisnée, Dalhem, Dison, Donceel, Engis, Esneux, Eupen, Faimes, Ferrières, Fexhe-le-haut-Clocher, Flémalle, Fléron, Geer, Grâce-Hollogne, Hamoir, Hannut, Héron, Herstal, Herve, Huy, Jalhay, Juprelle, Kelmis, Liège, Lierneux, Limbourg, Lincent, Lontzen, Malmedy, Marchin, Modave, Nandrin, Neupré, Olne, Oreye, Ouffet, Oupeye, Pepinster, Plombières, Raeren, Remicourt, Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse, Saint-Nicolas, Saint-Vith, Seraing, Soumagne, Spa, Sprimont, Stavelot, Stoumont, Theux, Thimister-Clermont, Tinlot, Trois-Ponts, Trooz, Verlaine, Verviers, Villers-le-Bouillet, Visé, Waimes, Wanze, Waremme, Wasseiges, Welkenraedt

Meronyms: Angleur, Bressoux, Chênée, Glain, Grivegnée, Jupille-sur-Meuse, Rocourt, Sclessin, Wandre

Liège (a city, the provincial capital of Liège, Belgium)


Organ

Borrowed from Occitan Organ.
(Village): Attested on the Cassini map (1740s).

Organ (a village in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie, France)


Atlas

Learned borrowing from Latin Atlas, from Ancient Greek Ἄτλας (Átlas).

(Greek mythology) Atlas (son of Iapetus and Clymene, leader of the Titans ordered by Zeus to support the sky on his shoulders)

(astronomy) Atlas (star in the Pleiades)

(astronomy) Atlas (crater in the first quadrant of the moon)


Nord

LL-Q150 (fra)-0x010C-canton de Colmar-Nord.wav

Of Germanic origin, from Old High German nord, from Proto-West Germanic *norþr (“north, left of the rising sun”).

Nord (a department of Hauts-de-France, France)


Mayo

The municipality is named after County Mayo in Ireland (derived from Irish via English).

A municipality of Papineau, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Frank

a male given name, equivalent to English Frank


Lot

Inherited from Late Latin Oltis (Gallo-Roman).

Lot (a right tributary of the Garonne, in southern France)


Reine

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Bourg-la-Reine.wav

A more gallicized form of Régine, from Latin Regina (“queen”)


Nancy

From the medieval name, Medieval Latin Nanciacum, from Old High German Nanzig.

Nancy (a city, the prefecture of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department, Grand Est, France)


Pascal

Translingual: Pa

English: Pascal

English: pascal


Pula

Pula (the largest city in Istria County, Croatia)


Bible

From Latin biblia, from Ancient Greek τά βιβλία (tá biblía, literally “the books”).

the Bible (The Christian holy book; the Old and New Testaments)


Nile (a major river in Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi)


Sens

From Latin name Senones during Roman rule; originally the capital of the Gaulish people of the same name.


Marina

Latin Marīna. A Latinate variant of the French Marine.


Pierre

Inherited from Latin Petrus, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “stone, rock”), related to πέτρα (pétra) (compare pierre (“stone, rock”)).

Matthieu 16:18

And I say unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church.

Et moi, je te dis que tu es Pierre, et que sur cette pierre je bâtirai mon Église.

a male given name traditionally popular in France


Orange

From Old French Orenge, from Vulgar Latin *Aurinica, from Latin Aurasiōnem, from Gaulish *arausi (“temple (head), cheek”) (compare Old Irish arae (“temple (of the head)”)). Compare also the Occitan name of the town, Aurenja.

Orange (a town in the Vaucluse department, in southern France)


Anna

A Latinate variant of French Anne, from Ἄννα (Ánna), equal to the Hebrew female name חַנָּה (ḥannâ) of Old Testament, meaning "grace, gracious". Cognate with English Anna.

a female given name, equivalent to English Ann


Spa

Holonym: Belgique

A town and municipality in the province of Liège, Wallonia, Belgium.


Scorpion

(astrology) the celestial constellation Scorpio


Tarn

Tarn (a department of Occitanie, France)

Tarn (a right tributary of the Garonne, Occitanie, France)


Rabat

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


Nice

From the Roman name, Latin Nīcaea, from Ancient Greek Νίκαια (Níkaia), from νίκη (níkē, “victory”).

Nice (a coastal city, the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France)


Trente

Trentino-Alto Adige
Trentino-Alto Adige#English

Trento (a province of Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy)

Trento (the capital city of the province of Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy)


Tour

(cycling, by ellipsis) the Tour de France


Martin

Borrowed from Latin Mārtīnus (“of or like Mars” or “little Mars”, from Mars + -īnus (diminutive suffix)).

bor+

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Martin. Feminine form: Martine


Ville

Named after the fact that New Orleans was the main city of French Louisiana.

(Louisiana) New Orleans (a city in Louisiana, United States)


Tash

Borrowed from Yiddish טאהש (Tosh), from Hebrew טאהש.

Tash; Ellipsis of Kiryas Tash.; A neighbourhood of Boisbriand, Quebec, Canada

Tash (“Nyírtass”); Synonym of Nyírtass (Tass). A village in Hungary


Vierge

From vierge (“virgin”), from Latin virgō.

(astronomy) the stellar constellation Virgo


Valence

Valence (a city and commune, the capital of the Drôme department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, in southeastern France)

Valence (a village and commune in Charente department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, in southwestern France)

Valence (a town and commune in Tarn-et-Garonne department, Occitanie, in southern France)

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain)

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


Tigre

From Latin Tigris, from Ancient Greek Τίγρις (Tígris), from Old Persian 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠 (Tigrā), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (Idiglat), from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (Idigna, literally “fast as an arrow”).


Porto

Porto (a city and municipality, the district capital of Porto district, Portugal)


Seine

LL-Q150 (fra)-Bastenbas (Bastenbas (Lingua))-Asnières-sur-Seine.wav

Inherited from Latin Sequana, from a Celtic deity who descended from the Proto-Indo-European pantheon.

Seine (a major river in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Grand Est, Île-de-France and Normandy regions, France)


Violet

From violet, for a dyer or seller of purple cloth, or diminutive of viole, for a player of the viol.


Robin

Inherited from Old French diminutive of Robert.

a male given name, equivalent to English Robin


Roger

a male given name, from Old French Rogier (itself from Old Frankish), which was borrowed into English as Roger


Vienne

→ Persian: وین (viyan)

Of disputed origin. Perhaps from the Roman name, Latin Vindobona, or possibly from a Celtic word *Veduna (“forest stream”), which would justify the phonetic evolution into the modern french form. Compare Proto-Celtic *widus (“woodland”).

Vienna (the capital city and state of Austria)

Vienne (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)

Vienne (a left tributary of the Loire, in southwest France)

Vienne (a city in the Isère department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Rose

a female given name, equivalent to English Rose


Union

Shortened form of the name of various Unions

Union européenne
Union européenne#French


Valentine

a female given name, feminine form of Valentin

Valentine (a suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia)


Victor

a male given name, equivalent to English Victor


Renaissance

(French politics) A centrist French political party.


CST

(Canada) Centre de la sécurité des télécommunications — CSE


CSA

Conseil supérieur de l’audiovisuel
w:Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel

Initialism of Conseil supérieur de l’audiovisuel.

CSA (“Canadian Standards Association”): Synonym of ACNOR (“Association canadienne de normalisation”)


Seattle

Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)


AMA

WADA (“World Anti-Doping Agency”); Abbreviation of Agence Mondiale Antidopage.


CB

Abbreviation of Colombie-Britannique (“British Columbia”).


Martial

From Latin Martiālis. Name of a third century saint.

a male given name, in continuous use (though not particularly popular)


John

Borrowed from English John. Doublet of Jean.

A male given name and surname in English


Christine

Borrowed from Latin Chrīstiāna, the name of an early martyr. Doublet of chrétienne.

a female given name, equivalent to English Christina


Christine

(Louisiana) a folkloric figure similar to Santa Claus who brings gifts on New Year's Eve


Y

From Old French Y, Hy, I from Latin Iacum.

A French commune in the Somme département.


Égypte

Antillean Creole: Ejip, Éjip

Haitian Creole: Ejip

Bourbonnais Creole:

Réunion Creole French: Ézip

→ Breton: Egipt

→ Jarai: čar Êjĭp

→ Khmer: អេហ្ស៊ីប (ʼeeziip)

→ Lao: ເອຢິບ (ʼē yip)

→ Lingala: Ejipte

→ Malagasy: Ejipta

→ Romanian: Egipt

Inherited from Middle French Egypte, from Old French Egypte, borrowed from Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos).

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Hongkong

Hong Kong (a city, island, and special administrative region in southeastern China)


RE

(French politics) Abbreviation of Renaissance.


Bisounours

Blend of bisou (“kiss”) + nounours (“teddy bear”).


Mohammed

Alternative form of Mohamed (“Muhammad”)


Côte d'Ivoire

Japanese: コートジボワール (Kōto Jibowāru)

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


FDIC

(Morocco, politics) Abbreviation of Front pour la défense des institutions constitutionnelles.


DST

Initialism of Direction de la surveillance du territoire.


Abel

a diminutive of the male given names Abeau or Abelin


BAC

Depuis mercredi soir, des gendarmes mobiles venus de Nice, renforcent les actions de la police dans ce quartier où jeudi […], une “nourrice” a été interpellée par la BAC.

2023 April 15, “Fusillade de Monclar : trois mineurs interpellés”, in La Provence, number 9436, →ISSN, page 4:

Brigade anti-criminalité
w:fr:Brigade anti-criminalité


Ibrahim

Borrowed from Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm).


Aurigny

Attested as Old French Alneroi, Aurenoy; from an unclear element plus Old Norse ey (“island”). Compare the English Alderney.


Sercq

Inherited from Medieval Latin Sargia, of unknown origin. Richard Coates proposes a Semitic origin, from Proto-Semitic *śrq (“east, rise (of the sun), redden”). Lepelley suggests a Scandinavian/North Germanic origin, from Old Norse serkr (“shirt”). More at Sark.


RCA

République centrafricaine
République centrafricaine#French

Central African Republic
Central African Republic

Initialism of République centrafricaine (“Central African Republic”): CAR


UMP

Union pour un Mouvement Populaire
w:Union pour un Mouvement Populaire

Initialism of Union pour un Mouvement Populaire; a French political party


Manche

Manche (a department of Normandy, France)

(with the definite article) the English Channel (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean between France and England)


FC

Forces canadiennes
w:fr:Forces canadiennes

(Canada, military) Initialism of Forces canadiennes.; CF (Canadian Forces)


AMC

GAC (“Global Affairs Canada”): Abbreviation of Affaires mondiales Canada.


BIPM

(physics, standardisation) Initialism of Bureau international des poids et mesures.

fr:Bureau international des poids et mesures


CGPM

(physics, standardisation) Initialism of Conférence générale des poids et mesures.

fr:Conférence générale des poids et mesures


BST

w:fr:Bureau de la sécurité des transports

(Canada, transport) Initialism of Bureau de la sécurité des transports (“Transportation Safety Board”).: TSB


Tanger

Through Latin Tingis and Arabic طَنْجَة (ṭanja).

Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima#English

Tangier (a port city, the capital of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco, on the Strait of Gibraltar)


CERN

Acronym of Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire.


Guillaume

Japanese: ギヨーム (Giyōmu)

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French Guillaume, Willame, from Frankish *Willahelm (“William”, literally “will-helmet”), from Proto-Germanic *Wiljahelmaz. Cognate with Old High German Willahelm (“William”).

der

a male given name, equivalent to English William


ACC

(Senegal, politics) Abbreviation of Alliance pour la conscience citoyenne.


PSA

PSA: Initialism of Peugeot S.A. (“Peugeot-Citroën”).


CPR

Comité Paralympique Russe
Comité Paralympique Russe#French

(sports) RPC (“Russian Paralympic Committee”): Initialism of Comité Paralympique Russe.


ACE

(Canada) Acronym of allocation canadienne pour enfants (“Canada Child Benefit”): CCB


Mars

→ Persian: مارس (mârs)


Patricia

Borrowed from Latin Patricia, feminine of Patricius.

a female given name, equivalent to English Patricia


RSS

Initialism of république socialiste soviétique.


Bagdad

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


STM

Société de transport de Montréal
w:Société de transport de Montréal

(transport) Initialism of Société de transport de Montréal.; the MTC; the transit corporation for the island and megacity of Montreal; in 2002 it replaced the STCUM


SSR

w:fr:Société suisse de radiodiffusion et télévision

(broadcasting) Acronym of Société suisse de radiodiffusion et télévision: SRG SSR


PP

Préfecture de police
w:Paris Police Prefecture

(Paris) Initialism of Préfecture de police.


Bhoutan

→ Breton: Bhoutan

→ English: Bhutan (see there for further descendants)

→ Khmer: ប៊ូតង់ (buutɑng)

→ Lao: ບູຕັງ (bū tang)

Probably borrowed from Nepali भुटान (bhuṭān), from Prakrit 𑀪𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀁𑀢 (bhŏṭṭaṃta, “Tibet”, literally “end of Tibet”); probably ultimately from Tibetan བོད (bod, “Tibet”). Traditionally considered to be derived via Sanskrit भोटान्त (bhoṭānta), but that word is probably a Prakritism.

der

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Schiff

a Jewish surname from Yiddish [in turn from German]

Schiff: a surname from German
a Jewish surname from Yiddish


LV

English: LV

Coordinate term: LVMH

(fashion) Abbreviation of Louis Vuitton.


Thanksgiving

fr:Action de grâce (Canada)
fr:Thanksgiving
fr:Thanksgiving (États-Unis)


MSF

(medicine) Initialism of Médecins Sans Frontières. (Doctors Without Borders)


Levant

Levant (a region of Western Asia, bordering the Mediterranean Sea)


Edgar

a male given name, equivalent to English Edgar


Leslie

Borrowed from English Leslie. By folk etymology confused with Liesel, Liesl, German pet forms of Elisabeth.

a female given name, popular in the 1980s and the 1990s


Erica

a female given name, a less common variant of Érica


Ljubljana

Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


Cognac

From Medieval Latin Comniacum, from the name Cominius + Gallo-Roman suffix -acum, from Proto-Celtic *-ākom. The gens Cominius is an Italic family name; see Cominia for further details.

Cognac (a city in the Charente department, France)


Fidji

Ultimately from Fijian Viti Levu (“Great Viti”).

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Ain

Named after the River Ain, from Medieval Latin Hinnis, from earlier Igneus, of pre-Roman, probably Celtic, origin; perhaps Proto-Celtic *inn, itself likely related to the river River Inn (Latin Aenus), both related to *enios (“water”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”), found in many placenames such as the settlement Aenona.

Ain (a department of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Meuse

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fhala.K-Félicité de Choiseul-Meuse.wav

Meuse, Maas (major river in northeastern France, Belgium and the Netherlands)

Meronym: Bar-le-Duc

Meuse (a department of Grand Est, France)


Valois

the dynasty that ruled France in the 14th to 16th centuries


ARC

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Aviation royale canadienne; RCAF (“Royal Canadian Air Force”)

(Canada, finanace) Abbreviation of Agence du revenu du Canada (“Revenu Canada”).; CRA (“Canada Revenue Agency”), Revenue Canada


Isabelle

→ English: Isabelle

→ German: Isabelle

→ Swedish: Isabelle

From Old Spanish Isabel in the 12th century, ultimately from Hebrew אֱלִישֶׁבַע (Elishéva, “my God is an oath”).


Denise

→ Dutch: Denise

→ English: Denise

→ German: Denise

a female given name, masculine equivalent Denis


Julia

From Latin Iūlia. A Latinate variant of Julie.

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Julia


Margot

Diminutive of Marguerite (the French equivalent of English Margaret) + -ot (a diminutive suffix used with names).

suffix

the French equivalent of English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">Margaret</i>


Gilbert

From Old French Gislebert, from Proto-Germanic *Gīslaberhtaz, from *gīslaz (“pledge”) + *berhtaz (“bright, famous”).

af

a male given name, equivalent to English Gilbert


Moreau

French and Walloon surname, from the personal name Morel, from Late Latin Maurellus, a name derived from Latin Maurus (“Moor”). Compare Morel, Mauro, More, Morrow.


Peggy

Borrowed from English Peggy, popular in the 1970s.


Hugo

From Old French Hugo, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *hugi (“thought, mind, spirit”).

der

a male given name, a Latinized form of Hugues

Victor Hugo, a French poet, novelist, and dramatist


IDS

Initialism of Initiative de défense stratégique (“Strategic Defense Initiative”): SDI


AFP

(journalism, in France) Initialism of Agence France-Presse.


Bruno

a male given name, equivalent to English Bruno


Dubonnet

a French bittersweet red aperitif (of which a drier white version is also available)


Katar

Alternative form of Qatar: Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Vermette

From vermeil (“vermilion”), possibly in reference to early bearers being "ruddy-faced".


Henri

Inherited from Old French Henri, of Germanic origin.

a male given name, equivalent to English Henry


PAM

programme alimentaire mondial
w:fr:programme alimentaire mondial

(UN) Initialism of programme alimentaire mondial (“World Food Programme”); WFP


Liban

From Latin Libanus, from Ancient Greek Λίβανος (Líbanos), from a Semitic source.

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Lucas

a male given name, a Latinate variant of Luc


États-Unis

→ Persian: اتازونی (etâzuni)

Haitian Creole: Etazini

From États (“states”) + unis (“united”), calque of English United States.

Les États-Unis sont un grand pays.

United States (a country in North America)


RPC

République populaire de Chine
République populaire de Chine#French

Initialism of République populaire de Chine (“PRC”).

Régime de pensions du Canada
w:fr:Régime de pensions du Canada

(Canada) Initialism of Régime de pensions du Canada (“Canada Pension Plan”): CPP


Londres

desctree

→ Italian: Londra
→ Maltese: Londra
→ Ottoman Turkish: لوندره (Londra)
Turkish: Londra
→ Romanian: Londra

→ Sanskrit: लण्ड्र (laṇḍra)

Inherited from Middle French Londres, from Old French Londres, ultimately from Latin Londinium.
However, it is not a natural evolution from Latin to French, as Londinium would render *Londin, *Londein. Thus, it is possible that it was borrowed or at least derived from Old English Lunden. The final syllable would have been weakened to -dn, later changing to -dr, which would yield an epenthetic -e. The -s would be added to fit Old French declension.

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Oulipo

Ouvroir de littérature potentielle (workshop of potential literature): a loose gathering of (mainly) French-speaking writers and mathematicians who seek to create works using constrained writing techniques


Jennifer

From English Jennifer in the 20th century.


Islande

→ Greek: Ισλανδία f (Islandía)

→ Persian: ایسلند (island)

Borrowed from Icelandic Ísland, from Old Norse íss (“ice”) + land (“land, country”).


Lettonie

→ Persian: لتونی (letoni)


Lisa

a female given name, diminutive of Élisabeth


SOC

Parti socialiste
w:fr:Parti socialiste (France)

(French politics) Abbreviation of Parti socialiste (“Socialist Party”).


Dufresne

From frêne (“ash tree”), written fresne in Old French.


Apples

Apples (a former municipality of Morges district, Vaud canton, Switzerland)


Jouxtens-Mézery

A commune of Vaud canton, Laussane district, Switzerland


Thierry

a male given name, equivalent to English Theodoric or Derek


Baton Rouge

Baton Rouge (the capital city of Louisiana, United States)


Olivia

a female given name, equivalent to English Olivia


Medicine Hat

Borrowed from English Medicine Hat. From Blackfoot saamis.

Medicine Hat (a city in Cypress, Alberta, Canada)


Maghreb

Borrowed from Arabic مَغْرِب (maḡrib, literally “where the sun sets, the West”).


Bruxelles

Of Germanic origin, composed from *brōk (“marsh”) + *sali (“building, room”).

af

Il reste quelques jours de plus à Bruxelles.

He's staying in Brussels for a few more days.


Chevrolet

From Old French chevrol (“roebuck”) (modern French chevreuil) + -et. Doublet of cabriolet.


Francophonie

Francophonie (organization of countries)


Mâcon

A development of earlier Mascon, from Medieval Latin Masconis, a syncopated form of Madasconis and Matisco, probably from Gaulish matus (“bear”) (from Proto-Celtic *matus, commonly understood as a euphemistic derivation from *matis (“good”)) and a suffix equivalent to -iscus (“-ish: forming adjectives”).


Sylvia

From Latin Silvia. A Latinate variant of Sylvie.


Tristan

a male given name, equivalent to English Tristan


Sidon

Borrowed from Latin Sīdōn, from Ancient Greek Σιδών (Sidṓn), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤉𐤃𐤅𐤍 (ṣydwn).

Sidon (a city, a state of Levant in Phoenicia), now the modern day Saïda in Lebanon.


Julian

a male given name, English variant of Julien


Auriol

From a Roman gens, likely Latin Aurelius. Its adoption during the Victorian era was probably influenced by William Harrison Ainsworth's novel The Elixir of Life, in which the protagonist Auriol is a man; Ainsworth probably derived the name from the similar Latin name Aureolus. All are ultimately from aurum (“gold”).


diable

Inherited from Middle French diable, from Old French diable, deable, a semi-learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin or Late Latin diabolus, from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos).


Tyr

Tyre (an ancient city-state in Phoenicia)

Tyre (a port city, the capital of Tyre district, Lebanon)


Boubou Macoutes

the popular nickname of special inspectors who knocked on doors of suspected welfare cheats in Quebec during the second government of Premier Robert Bourassa, in the 1990s


Jasmine

a female given name of modern usage, equivalent to English Jasmine


Lydia

a female given name, a Latinized variant of Lydie


Tania

a female given name, equivalent to English Tania


Chichester

The municipality is named after the English city of Chichester.

A township municipality of Pontiac, Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.


Natalie

a female given name of modern usage, variant of Natalia


Tatiana

Borrowed from Russian Татья́на (Tatʹjána), from Latin Tatiana.


Andes

cordillère des Andes
cordillère des Andes#French

Synonym of cordillère des Andes (“Andes”)


Danielle

a female given name, masculine equivalent Daniel


Nina

Associated with Ninette and Ninon, French pet forms of Jeannine, Jeanne.


Albanie

→ Persian: آلبانی (âlbâni)

→ Vietnamese: An-ba-ni

Mauritian Creole: Albani

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Groenland

Ultimately from Old Norse Grœnland (“Greenland”).

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


Montréal

English: Montreal

Inherited from Middle French Montreal, from Mont Royal (“Mount Royal”), after the nearby mountain, Mont Royal, named by Jacques Cartier. It is uncertain how Royal became -real. A common explanation is that real is the Middle French form of Royal, but Cartier himself recorded le mont Royal when he named it. It may have perhaps been from the Italian G.B. Rasmusio's 1556 map translating the name to Italian as Monte Real.

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)

Montreal (an island in Quebec, Canada, the site of the city of Montreal)

Montréal (a commune of the Ardèche department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)

Montréal (a commune of the Aude department, Occitanie, France)

Montréal (a commune of the Gers department, Occitanie, France)

Montréal (a commune of the Yonne department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)


Descartes

English: Descartes

Descartes (“René Descartes”): A French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650.


Viêt Nam

Alternative spelling of Vietnam: Vietnam (a country in Southeast Asia)


Cisjordanie

Borrowed from Latin Cisiordania (cis- + Iordania).


Suzanne

English: Suzanne

a female given name, equivalent to English Susan


CEI

Initialism of Commission électrotechnique internationale: IEC

Initialism of Communauté des États Indépendants (“CIS”).


Tour de France

LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Tour de France.wav

(cycling) Tour de France (annual cycling race through France)


Esther

a female given name, equivalent to English Esther


Gabrielle

a female given name, masculine equivalent Gabriel


Anvers

Antwerp (the capital city of Antwerp province, Belgium)


Miller

Borrowed from English Miller or Alemannic German Miller.


Osiris

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὄσιρις (Ósiris), from Egyptian 𓁹𓊨𓀭.


Galles

Haitian Creole: Gal


Tylenol

(North America, pharmacology) Tylenol; a marketed variety of acetaminophen (“paracetamol”)


Lombardie

administrative region
administrative region

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


Tyrol

Tyrol (region (state) in western Austria)


UCI

Union Cycliste Internationale
w:Union Cycliste Internationale

Initialism of Union Cycliste Internationale.


Etats-Unis

Alternative spelling of États-Unis (“United States (a country in North America)”)


CDM

(sports, cycling, skiing) Initialism of Coupe du Monde. (World Cup (e.g., the World Cup of Skiing, or World Cup of Cycling))


Espagne

⇒ Haitian Creole: Espay

→ Khmer: អេស្ប៉ាញ (ʼeespaañ)

desc

→ Lao: ເອັສປາຍ (ʼet pāi)

→ Lao: ເອັສປາຍ (ʼet pāi)

Inherited from Old French Espangne, Espaigne, from Latin Hispānia. The /s/ was preserved or reinstated under learned influence (instead of expected *Épagne).

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Pyrénées

→ Ottoman Turkish: پیرنه (Pirene)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پیرنهلر (Pireneler)

Turkish: Pireneler

→ Persian: پیرنه (pirene)

From Latin Pȳrēnaeī montēs, from Ancient Greek Πῡρήνη (Pūrḗnē).

Pyrenees (a mountain range between France and Spain)


Blissenbach

a surname in use in France, most likey derived from the German surname of Blissenbach


Bonaparte

A former name for the island of Réunion.


Aarau

Aarau (a town and municipality, the capital of Aargau canton, in northern Switzerland)


Aalborg

Aalborg (the capital city of North Jutland, Denmark)


Suisse

→ Chinese: 瑞士 (Ruìshì)

→ Japanese: スイス (Suisu)

→ Korean: 스위스 (seuwiseu)

→ Persian: سوئیس (su'is)

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Tahiti

French Polynesia
French Polynesia#English

Tahiti (the largest island in French Polynesia)


Aimée

From aimée (“beloved”), feminine singular past participle of aimer (“to love”); originally a nickname and also a variant of Latin Amāta.


Landry

From Proto-Germanic *landą (“land”) + *rīkijaz (“mighty, rich”).


Laurence

a female given name, masculine equivalent Laurent, equivalent to English Lauren

Laurence Oustau (b. 1835)

(very rare) Lawrence: a male given name, equivalent to English Laurence


Jeanne

→ Belarusian: Жанна (Žanna)

→ English: Jeanne

→ Irish: Síne

→ Latvian: Žanna

→ Russian: Жанна (Žanna)

desctree

→ Scottish Gaelic: Sìne
→ English: Sheena

→ Ukrainian: Жанна (Žanna)

→ Welsh: Siân

From Middle French Jehanne, from Latin Iohanna. Equivalent to Jean (“John”) + -e (feminine ending).

a female given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Joan


Egypte

Alternative form of Égypte: Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Nahum

der

Hebrew נַחוּם


Israël

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Emma

Charles désirait qu’on appelât l’enfant comme sa mère ; Emma s’y opposait. On parcourut le calendrier d’un bout à l’autre, et l’on consulta les étrangers.

Charles wanted the child to be called after her mother; Emma opposed this. They ran over the calendar from end to end, and then consulted outsiders.

a female given name, equivalent to English Emma


Alexa

* Alex + -a. A feminine form of Alex.
* Short for Alexandra.
* Derived from English Alexa.

a female given name from Ancient Greek
female equivalent of Alex

a female given name from Ancient Greek
diminutive of Alexandra


Amos

The city is named after Alice Gouin (né Amos; 1868–1940), the wife of prime minister of Québec Lomer Gouin (1861–1929).

A city in Abitibi, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.


Favre

Occupational surname for ironworkers and smiths, from Latin faber (“craftsman”). Cognate with Occitan fevre.

a French and Swiss surname originating as an occupation for a smith


Douvres

Dover (a town and port in Kent, in southeast England)

several places in France, such as Douvres-la-Délivrande (Calvados) or Douvres (Ain)


Bluetooth

Unadapted borrowing from English Bluetooth, a calque from Old Norse Blátǫnn.


Michel

From Latin Michāēlem, from Ancient Greek Μῐχᾱήλ (Mikhāḗl), from the Hebrew מִיכָאֵל (mikha'él, “Michael”, literally “Who is like God”). Cognate with English Michael, Spanish Miguel, Italian Michele.


Roland

a male given name, equivalent to English Roland


Messier

Inherited from Old French messier (“harvest warden”), from meis (“harvest”).


José

An old French vernacular form of Joseph.


Cro-Magnon

Borrowed from Occitan Cròs-Manhon. Francization of the Occitan. Equivalent to creux + Magnon. The name Manhon derives from manhon from Latin magnus.

Cro-Magnon (the cave where the first Cro-Magnon Man specimens were found, in Les Eyzies, France)


Bordeaux

Inherited from Middle French Bordeaulx, from Occitan Bordèu, from Old Occitan Bordel, from Latin Burdigala, from a Proto-Celtic root.

Bordeaux (the capital city of the Gironde department, France; capital city of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Annam

English: Annam

Vietnamese: An Nam

Borrowed from Vietnamese An Nam, from Chinese 安南 (Ānnán).

(history) Annam (a former colonial province of China, now part of Vietnam's present-day Tonkin)

(history) Annam (a former French colony, one of the French protectorates in Vietnam, located in Central Vietnam)


Asdi

Sida, initialism of Agence suédoise de coopération internationale au développement


Albi

Albi (a city and commune, the prefecture of the Tarn department, Occitanie, France)


Port-au-Prince

Port-au-Prince (the capital city of Haiti)


Bandar Seri Begawan

LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-Bandar Seri Begawan.wav

Borrowed from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


Basse-Normandie

Lower Normandy (a former administrative region of France; now part of the administrative region of Normandy)


Haute-Normandie

Upper Normandy (a former administrative region of France; now part of the administrative region of Normandy)


Rhône-Alpes

Rhône-Alpes (a former administrative region of France, since 2016 part of the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes)


Midi-Pyrénées

Midi-Pyrénées (a former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Occitania)


Nord-Pas-de-Calais

Nord-Pas-de-Calais (a former administrative region of France, made up of the two departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France)


Bourgogne

Inherited from Late Latin Burgundia, from Burgundiones (“highlanders”), from the name of a Germanic tribe (compare the root of burgh, borough), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high, mighty”), from the root *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”). From the same root is Brie, via Gaulish.

der

Burgundy (a region and former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté)

Burgundy (An early-medieval kingdom and later former duchy in France and the Netherlands)


Pays de la Loire

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English:_Q16994

Pays de la Loire (an administrative region of France, near Brittany)


Yaren

Yaren (the de facto capital city of Nauru)


Poitou-Charentes

le Poitou-Charentes (canonical masculine)

Compound of Poitou + Charentes (pluralized form of Charente), the names of two historical regions.

af

pluralized form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">Charente</i>

Poitou-Charentes (a former administrative region of France; since 2016 part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Languedoc-Roussillon

/lãᵑ.ɡəˈdɔk ʁuˈsi.jɔ̃ᵑ/

Languedoc-Roussillon (a former administrative region of France, made up of Languedoc and Roussillon; in 2016, it became part of the region of Occitania)


Franche-Comté

Franche-Comté (a former region in France)


Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (canonical feminine)

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (an administrative region of France)


Minsk

Minsk (the capital and largest city of Belarus)


Yamoussoukro

Yamoussoukro (the official and administrative capital of Ivory Coast)


N'Djamena

Holonym: Tchad


Auvergne

From Occitan Auvèrnhe or Auvèrnha, Latin Arvernicus pagus, from the Arverni, the name of a Gaulish tribe.

Auvergne (a former administrative region and historical province of France, since 2016 part of the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes)


Limousin

Originally an adjective referring to the city Limoges, from Latin Lemovicīnus, adjective form of Lemovicēs, name of a Gaulish tribe in central France, most likely a reference to their elm bows and spears.


Île-de-France

Likely from a corruption of Frankish *Liddle Franke (“little Franconia”), from Frankish *lūtil (“little”) + the name of the Frankish tribe, later reinterpreted as l’ + île + de + France (the Isle of France).

der

Meronyms: Essonne, Hurepoix, Paris, Seine-et-Marne, Yvelines, Val-de-Marne

Île-de-France (an administrative region in north-central France, including Paris)

Île-de-France (a domestic sheep breed originally from the region)


Aquitaine

→ English: Aquitaine

Borrowed from Latin Aquitania. Doublet of the inherited Guyenne and Guienne, from Old French Aguyenne.

Gallia Aquitanica
Gallia Aquitanica#English

Gallia Aquitanica (a province of the Roman Empire)

Meronyms: Béarn, Gascogne, Guyenne

Holonym: Gascogne

Meronym: Béarn