"profiteur" meaning in French

See profiteur in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /pʁɔ.fi.tœʁ/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav [France, Toulouse], LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav [France, Vosges], LL-Q150 (fra)-Pamputt-profiteur.wav [France] (note: Brétigny-sur-Orge) Forms: profiteurs [plural], profiteuse [feminine]
Etymology: Etymology tree French profit Proto-Italic *-āzi ▲ Latin -ereinflu. Latin -āre Old French -ier Middle French -er French -er French profiter Proto-Indo-European *-tōr Proto-Italic *-tōr Latin -(ā)tōrem Old French -or Middle French -eur French -eur French profiteur From profiter + -eur. Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:af|profiter|-eur<id:agent suffix>|tree=1}} Etymology tree French profit Proto-Italic *-āzi ▲ Latin -ereinflu. Latin -āre Old French -ier Middle French -er French -er French profiter Proto-Indo-European *-tōr Proto-Italic *-tōr Latin -(ā)tōrem Old French -or Middle French -eur French -eur French profiteur [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "influ.", "keyword_label" : "Influenced by", "terms" : [ { "id" : "verb suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "influence" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-āre", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-ier", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "-er", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-er", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "profiter", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }, { "id" : "agent suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "-(ā)tōrem", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent nouns", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-tōr", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-tōr", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-tor", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-or", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "-eur", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-eur", "lang" : "fr" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "profiteur", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="profiteur">, {{af|fr|profiter|-eur<id:agent suffix>}} profiter + -eur Head templates: {{fr-noun|m|f=profiteuse}} profiteur m (plural profiteurs, feminine profiteuse)
  1. (derogatory) profiteer Tags: derogatory, masculine
    Sense id: en-profiteur-fr-noun-AFX37SI6 Categories (other): French entries with etymology trees, French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header, French terms suffixed with -eur (agent suffix) Disambiguation of French entries with etymology trees: 54 46 Disambiguation of French entries with etymon: 59 41 Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 53 47 Disambiguation of French terms suffixed with -eur (agent suffix): 60 40
  2. (derogatory) scrounger; freeloader; welfare parasite Tags: derogatory, masculine
    Sense id: en-profiteur-fr-noun-8a9kpu-e Categories (other): French entries with etymology trees, French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with etymology trees: 54 46 Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 53 47

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "profiteur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Profiteur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "profiter",
        "4": "-eur<id:agent suffix>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nFrench profit\nProto-Italic *-āzi\n▲\nLatin -ereinflu.\nLatin -āre\nOld French -ier\nMiddle French -er\nFrench -er\nFrench profiter\nProto-Indo-European *-tōr\nProto-Italic *-tōr\nLatin -(ā)tōrem\nOld French -or\nMiddle French -eur\nFrench -eur\nFrench profiteur\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"profiter\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-(ā)tōrem\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tōr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tōr\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tor\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-or\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-eur\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-eur\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"profiteur\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"profiteur\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "profiter",
        "3": "-eur<id:agent suffix>"
      },
      "expansion": "profiter + -eur",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nFrench profit\nProto-Italic *-āzi\n▲\nLatin -ereinflu.\nLatin -āre\nOld French -ier\nMiddle French -er\nFrench -er\nFrench profiter\nProto-Indo-European *-tōr\nProto-Italic *-tōr\nLatin -(ā)tōrem\nOld French -or\nMiddle French -eur\nFrench -eur\nFrench profiteur\nFrom profiter + -eur.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "profiteurs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "profiteuse",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "f": "profiteuse"
      },
      "expansion": "profiteur m (plural profiteurs, feminine profiteuse)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms suffixed with -eur (agent suffix)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "profiteer"
      ],
      "id": "en-profiteur-fr-noun-AFX37SI6",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "profiteer",
          "profiteer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory) profiteer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scrounger; freeloader; welfare parasite"
      ],
      "id": "en-profiteur-fr-noun-8a9kpu-e",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "scrounger",
          "scrounger"
        ],
        [
          "freeloader",
          "freeloader"
        ],
        [
          "welfare parasite",
          "welfare parasite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory) scrounger; freeloader; welfare parasite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʁɔ.fi.tœʁ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Toulouse"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Pamputt-profiteur.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Brétigny-sur-Orge",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "profiteur"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with etymology trees",
    "French entries with etymon",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French lemmas",
    "French masculine nouns",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms suffixed with -eur (agent suffix)",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "profiteur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Profiteur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "profiter",
        "4": "-eur<id:agent suffix>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nFrench profit\nProto-Italic *-āzi\n▲\nLatin -ereinflu.\nLatin -āre\nOld French -ier\nMiddle French -er\nFrench -er\nFrench profiter\nProto-Indo-European *-tōr\nProto-Italic *-tōr\nLatin -(ā)tōrem\nOld French -or\nMiddle French -eur\nFrench -eur\nFrench profiteur\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"profiter\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-(ā)tōrem\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tōr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tōr\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tor\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-or\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-eur\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-eur\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"profiteur\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"profiteur\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "profiter",
        "3": "-eur<id:agent suffix>"
      },
      "expansion": "profiter + -eur",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nFrench profit\nProto-Italic *-āzi\n▲\nLatin -ereinflu.\nLatin -āre\nOld French -ier\nMiddle French -er\nFrench -er\nFrench profiter\nProto-Indo-European *-tōr\nProto-Italic *-tōr\nLatin -(ā)tōrem\nOld French -or\nMiddle French -eur\nFrench -eur\nFrench profiteur\nFrom profiter + -eur.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "profiteurs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "profiteuse",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "f": "profiteuse"
      },
      "expansion": "profiteur m (plural profiteurs, feminine profiteuse)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French derogatory terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "profiteer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "profiteer",
          "profiteer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory) profiteer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French derogatory terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scrounger; freeloader; welfare parasite"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "scrounger",
          "scrounger"
        ],
        [
          "freeloader",
          "freeloader"
        ],
        [
          "welfare parasite",
          "welfare parasite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory) scrounger; freeloader; welfare parasite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʁɔ.fi.tœʁ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-profiteur.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Toulouse"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-profiteur.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Pamputt-profiteur.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Brétigny-sur-Orge",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Pamputt-profiteur.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "profiteur"
}

Download raw JSONL data for profiteur meaning in French (6.2kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.