"if" meaning in French

See if in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /if/ Audio: Fr-if.ogg , Fr-Paris--if.ogg [Paris], LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-if.wav [France, Vosges], LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-if.wav [France] (note: Somain) Forms: ifs [plural]
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French if, from Old French if, from northern Vulgar Latin *ivus (“yew tree”), from either Proto-Celtic *iwos or Proto-Germanic *īhwaz, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw-. Cognate with Breton ivin, Welsh ywen, Old Irish eó (in Celtic), English yew, Dutch ijf, German Low German Iev, German Eibe (in Germanic), and further with Russian ива (iva) etc. Etymology templates: {{dercat|fr|frk|cel-gau}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|if|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French if, {{inh+|fr|frm|if}} Inherited from Middle French if, {{inh|fr|fro|if}} Old French if, {{inh|fr|la-vul|*ivus|t=yew tree}} Vulgar Latin *ivus (“yew tree”), {{der|fr|cel-pro|*iwos}} Proto-Celtic *iwos, {{der|fr|gem-pro|*īhwaz}} Proto-Germanic *īhwaz, {{der|fr|ine-pro|*h₁eyHw-}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw-, {{cog|br|ivin}} Breton ivin, {{cog|cy|ywen}} Welsh ywen, {{cog|sga|eó}} Old Irish eó, {{cog|en|yew}} English yew, {{cog|nl|ijf}} Dutch ijf, {{cog|nds-de|Iev}} German Low German Iev, {{cog|de|Eibe}} German Eibe, {{cog|ru|ива}} Russian ива (iva) Head templates: {{fr-noun|m}} if m (plural ifs)
  1. yew Tags: masculine

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "if",
      "if#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "if",
      "if#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "*ivus",
      "Reconstruction:Latin/ivus"
    ],
    [
      "*iwos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/iwos"
    ],
    [
      "*īhwaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/īhwaz"
    ],
    [
      "*h₁eyHw-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁eyHw-"
    ],
    [
      "ivin",
      "ivin#Breton"
    ],
    [
      "ywen",
      "ywen#Welsh"
    ],
    [
      "eó",
      "eó#Old_Irish"
    ],
    [
      "yew",
      "yew#English"
    ],
    [
      "ijf",
      "ijf#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Iev",
      "Iev#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Eibe",
      "Eibe#German"
    ],
    [
      "ива",
      "ива#Russian"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "cel-gau"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "if",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French if",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "if"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French if",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "if"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French if",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "*ivus",
        "t": "yew tree"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *ivus (“yew tree”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*iwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *iwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*īhwaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *īhwaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁eyHw-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "ivin"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton ivin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ywen"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ywen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "eó"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish eó",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "yew"
      },
      "expansion": "English yew",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ijf"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch ijf",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Iev"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Iev",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Eibe"
      },
      "expansion": "German Eibe",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ива"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian ива (iva)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French if, from Old French if, from northern Vulgar Latin *ivus (“yew tree”), from either Proto-Celtic *iwos or Proto-Germanic *īhwaz, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw-. Cognate with Breton ivin, Welsh ywen, Old Irish eó (in Celtic), English yew, Dutch ijf, German Low German Iev, German Eibe (in Germanic), and further with Russian ива (iva) etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ifs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "if m (plural ifs)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 9 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Conifers",
          "orig": "fr:Conifers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Trees",
          "orig": "fr:Trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              51,
              54
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:",
          "text": "Ce que l'on admirait surtout, c'étaient deux longs ifs couverts de lampions qui flanquaient une estrade où s'allaient tenir les autorités; […].",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "yew"
      ],
      "id": "en-if-fr-noun-bRLyEczM",
      "links": [
        [
          "yew",
          "yew"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/if/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-if.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/Fr-if.ogg/Fr-if.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Fr-if.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-Paris--if.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Fr-Paris--if.ogg/Fr-Paris--if.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Fr-Paris--if.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Paris"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-if.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-if.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "if"
}
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "if",
      "if#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "if",
      "if#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "*ivus",
      "Reconstruction:Latin/ivus"
    ],
    [
      "*iwos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/iwos"
    ],
    [
      "*īhwaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/īhwaz"
    ],
    [
      "*h₁eyHw-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁eyHw-"
    ],
    [
      "ivin",
      "ivin#Breton"
    ],
    [
      "ywen",
      "ywen#Welsh"
    ],
    [
      "eó",
      "eó#Old_Irish"
    ],
    [
      "yew",
      "yew#English"
    ],
    [
      "ijf",
      "ijf#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Iev",
      "Iev#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Eibe",
      "Eibe#German"
    ],
    [
      "ива",
      "ива#Russian"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "cel-gau"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "if",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French if",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "if"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French if",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "if"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French if",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "*ivus",
        "t": "yew tree"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *ivus (“yew tree”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*iwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *iwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*īhwaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *īhwaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁eyHw-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "ivin"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton ivin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ywen"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ywen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "eó"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish eó",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "yew"
      },
      "expansion": "English yew",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ijf"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch ijf",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Iev"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Iev",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Eibe"
      },
      "expansion": "German Eibe",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ива"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian ива (iva)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French if, from Old French if, from northern Vulgar Latin *ivus (“yew tree”), from either Proto-Celtic *iwos or Proto-Germanic *īhwaz, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw-. Cognate with Breton ivin, Welsh ywen, Old Irish eó (in Celtic), English yew, Dutch ijf, German Low German Iev, German Eibe (in Germanic), and further with Russian ива (iva) etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ifs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "if m (plural ifs)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 1-syllable words",
        "French countable nouns",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French lemmas",
        "French masculine nouns",
        "French nouns",
        "French terms derived from Frankish",
        "French terms derived from Gaulish",
        "French terms derived from Middle French",
        "French terms derived from Old French",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "French terms inherited from Middle French",
        "French terms inherited from Old French",
        "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French terms with quotations",
        "Pages with 9 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for translations of French quotations",
        "fr:Conifers",
        "fr:Trees"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              51,
              54
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:",
          "text": "Ce que l'on admirait surtout, c'étaient deux longs ifs couverts de lampions qui flanquaient une estrade où s'allaient tenir les autorités; […].",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "yew"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "yew",
          "yew"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/if/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-if.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/Fr-if.ogg/Fr-if.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Fr-if.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-Paris--if.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Fr-Paris--if.ogg/Fr-Paris--if.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Fr-Paris--if.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Paris"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-if.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-if.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-if.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-if.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "if"
}

Download raw JSONL data for if meaning in French (5.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.