chien

fr-adj

chien (feminine chienne, masculine plural chiens, feminine plural chiennes)

chienne (feminine)
chiens (masculine plural)
chiennes (feminine plural)

Haitian Creole: chyen

Inherited from Middle French chien, from Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).

chien hargneux a toujours l’oreille déchirée


FAC

Forces armées canadiennes
w:fr:Forces armées canadiennes

(Canada, military) Abbreviation of Forces armées canadiennes: CAF (“Canadian Armed Forces”)

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Force aérienne du Canada: CAF (“Canadian Air Force”)


cadre

→ Bulgarian: ка́дър (kádǎr)

→ English: cadre

→ German: Kader

desctree

→ Russian: кадр (kadr)
→ Kazakh: кадр (kadr)

→ Turkish: kadro

Borrowed from Italian quadro (“framed painting, square”), from Latin quadrum, from quattuor (“four”). Cf. Old French querre, inherited from the same source; see also carre.


abattis

Inherited from Old French abatëiz. By surface analysis, abattre (“to cut down”) + -is.


rang

→ Catalan: rang

→ German: Rang

→ Romanian: rang

→ Italian: rango

→ Piedmontese: rangh

→ Haitian Creole: ran

→ Russian: ранг (rang)

→ Sicilian: rangu, rannu

→ Spanish: rango

Inherited from Middle French ranc, from Old French renc, reng, ranc, rang, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”). Cognate with Dutch ring, German Ring, English ring.

der

(military, uncountable) the non-officers of an army, taken as a group


katana

Borrowed from Japanese 刀 (katana, literally “sword”).


nazi

fr-adj

nazi (feminine nazie, masculine plural nazis, feminine plural nazies)

nazie (feminine)
nazis (masculine plural)
nazies (feminine plural)


nazi

Probably from dialectal nase ("snot"). Compare German Nase (“nose”).

(obsolete, slang) Alternative form of nasi (“syphilitic”)


division

→ English: division

→ German: Division

→ Russian: дивизион (divizion)

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin divisiōnem, noun of process form from perfect passive participle divisus (“divided”), from dīvidō (“divide”).


abeille

→ Esperanto: abelo

Ido: abelo

Inherited from Middle French abeille, from Old Occitan abelha, from Latin apicula, diminutive of apis (whence the Old French ef).


NBC

(weaponry) Initialism of nucléaire, bactériologique, chimique.: NBC (“nuclear, biological, chemical”)


armistice

→ Romanian: armistițiu

Borrowed from Medieval Latin armistitium, from Latin arma (“weapons”) and statio (“immobility”) (compare solstitium). Cognate with Italian armistizio, Spanish armisticio.


arc

Inherited from Old French arc, from Latin arcus (“bow, arch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.


major

From Middle French major, from Spanish mayor, from Latin maior. Doublet of maire, majeur, and mayeur. The use for a non-commissioned officer in the French army (since 1972) is a short form of adjudant-major or sergent-major.

non-commissioned officer
non-commissioned officer

(France) the highest non-commissioned officer rank: sergeant major, “major”


front

→ Brazilian Portuguese: fronte

→ Bulgarian: фронт (front)

→ Czech: front, fronta

desctree

→ German: Front
→ Hungarian: front
→ Russian: фронт (front)
→ Bashkir: фронт (front)

→ Irish: fronta

→ Macedonian: фронт (front)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: front

→ Polish: front

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: frȍnt, frònta (Croatia)

Cyrillic script: фро̏нт

→ Swedish: front

Inherited from Old French front, from Latin frontem, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰron-t-, from *bʰren- (“project”).


flèche

→ Dutch: flits

→ Middle Low German: flitse [16th c.]

→ German: Flitz

→ English: flèche

Inherited from Middle French fleche, from Old French fleche, from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, borrowed from Frankish *fliukkijā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-, from *plew-.

etymon

(archery, symbol) arrow (projectile or symbol)

(informal, figuratively) bright spark, quick study


cartouche

desc

→ Arabic: خَرْطُوش (ḵarṭūš)

→ Arabic: خَرْطُوش (ḵarṭūš)

→ Czech: kartuš

→ Danish: kartouche

→ English: cartouche

→ German: Kartusche

→ Japanese: カルトゥーシュ

→ Ottoman Turkish: خرتوج

Turkish: kartuş

→ Polish: kartusz

→ Portuguese: cartucho

→ Romanian: cartuș

→ Russian: карту́ш (kartúš)

→ Spanish: cartucho
→ Catalan: cartutx

→ Swedish: kartusch

Borrowed from Italian cartuccia, a diminutive of carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs).


corps

Karipúna Creole French: kó

→ Danish: korps

→ English: corps

→ Dutch: corps, korps

→ German: Korps

→ Norwegian Bokmål: korps

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: korps

→ Romanian: corp (in part)

→ Swedish: kår

Inherited from Middle French cors, from Old French cors, inherited from Latin corpus (“body”). The p was added back to reflect the Latin etymology. Doublet of corpus.


dreadnought

dreadnought (battleship in which most of the firepower is concentrated in large guns that are of the same caliber)


dragon

fr-noun

dragon m (plural dragons, feminine dragonne)

→ Albanian: dragun

→ Armenian: դրագուն (dragun)

→ Azerbaijani: draqun

→ Bashkir: драгун (dragun)

→ Belarusian: драгун (drahun)

→ Breton: dragun

→ Bulgarian: драгун (dragun)

→ Catalan: dragon

→ Cebuano: dragun

→ Crimean Tatar: dragun

→ Czech: dragoun

→ Danish: dragon

→ English: dragoon

→ Esperanto: dragono

→ Estonian: tragun

→ Gagauz: dragun

→ Georgian: დრაგუნი (draguni)

→ German: Dragoner
→ Dutch: dragonder

→ Greek: δραγόνος (dragónos)

→ Hebrew: דרגון (dragún)

→ Hungarian: dragonyos

→ Icelandic: dragoní

→ Ido: dragono

→ Irish: dragún

→ Japanese: ドラグーン (doragūn)

→ Kazakh: драгун (dragun)

→ Kyrgyz: драгун (dragun)

→ Latvian: dragūns

→ Lithuanian: dragūnas

→ Macedonian: драгун (dragun)

→ Mongolian: драгун (dragun)

→ Norwegian: dragon

→ Occitan: dragon

→ Polish: dragon

→ Romanian: dragon

→ Russian: драгун (dragun)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: драґун (dragun)

→ Serbo-Croatian: dragun / драгун

→ Slovak: dragún

→ Slovene: dragonec

→ Spanish: dragón

→ Swedish: dragon
→ Finnish: rakuuna

→ Tagalog: dragun

→ Tajik: драгун (dragun)

→ Tatar: драгун (drağun)

→ Turkish: dragon

→ Turkmen: dragun

→ Ukrainian: драгун (drahun)

→ Uzbek: dragun

→ Waray-Waray: dragun

→ Welsh: dragŵn

→ Zazaki: dragun

Inherited from Old French dragon, perhaps borrowed from Old Occitan dragon, from Latin dracō, from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn). Doublet of drac.


canon

→ Turkish: kanon

Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.

der

(slang) hottie, dish, bombshell (attractive man/woman)


sabre

→ English: sabre


centurion

Borrowed from Latin centuriōnem. By surface analysis, centurie + -on.

(Ancient Rome, military) centurion (Roman officer)


commodore

fr-noun

commodore m or f by sense (plural commodores)

Borrowed from Dutch kommandeur, from Middle French commandeur; from Latin commendare, from com- + mandare, from mandō (“to order, command”).

capitaine de vaisseau
capitaine de vaisseau

capitaine de croiseur
capitaine de croiseur

(military, nautical) commodore, a naval military rank between captain (capitaine de vaisseau or capitaine de croiseur) and rear admiral (contre-amiral)


lieutenant

lieutenant m (plural lieutenants, feminine lieutenante)

lieutenants (plural)
lieutenante (feminine)

desctree

→ Danish: løjtnant
→ Faroese: loytnantur

→ Romansch: litinent

Univerbation of lieu tenant, literally “placeholder”, from tenir lieu (“to hold the place of someone, to act as a substitute for someone”).

univerbation

deputy, right-hand man, second-in-command


archer

fr-noun

archer m (plural archers, feminine archère)

From arche, a variant of arc (“bow”) + -er, or from Middle French archier, from Old French archier, from Vulgar Latin *arcārius, alteration of arcuārius, from Latin arcus (“bow”).


brand

Inherited from Middle French brand, from Old French brant, from Frankish *brand (“firebrand, flaming sword”), from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“firebrand, torch, sword”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to burn”). Cognate with Old High German brant (“fire, firebrand, burning iron”), Old English brand (“fire, flame, brand, torch, sword, weapon”), Old Norse brandr (“fire, firebrand, sword”). More at English brand.


manœuvre

→ Albanian: manovër

→ Arabic: مُنَاوَرَة (munāwara)

→ Bulgarian: маневра (manevra)

→ German: manöver

→ Dutch: manoeuvre

→ English: maneuver

→ Norwegian: manøver

→ Hungarian: manőver

→ Italian: manovra

→ Turkish: manevra

→ Polish: manewr

→ Swedish: manöver

→ Romanian: manevră

→ Russian: манёвр (manjóvr)

→ Crimean Tatar: manövr

→ Kazakh: маневр (manevr)

→ Mongolian: маневр (manevr)

→ Ukrainian: маневр (manevr)

→ Uyghur: مانېۋىر (manëwir)

→ Uzbek: manyovr

From Vulgar Latin manū opera, from ablative of Latin manus (“hand”) + opus (“work”).

plaine des manœuvres


coup

→ Danish: kup

→ Dutch: coup

→ English: coup

→ German: Coup

Mauritian Creole: kou

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kupp

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kupp

→ Swedish: kupp

Inherited from Old French colp, cop, from Late Latin colpus, syncopated form of Latin colaphus, from Ancient Greek κόλαφος (kólaphos).

pistolet à six coups


pique

→ German: Pik n

→ Macedonian: пик m (pik)

→ Serbo-Croatian: m

Cyrillic script: пи̏к

Latin script: pȉk

→ Slovene: pík

→ Polish: pik m

→ Russian: пи́ка f (píka)

→ Bulgarian: пи́ка f (píka)

quatre de pique


taxi

→ Polish: taxi

→ Persian: تاکسی (tâksi)


épée

Inherited from Middle French espee, from Old French espee, from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē). Doublet of spathe, a borrowing from Latin, and espade, a borrowing from Occitan.


flamberge

(1180) From Old French froberge ("name of a sword") changed to "flamberge" with influence of flambe from Germanic *frōberga composed of the elements *frô (“man”) and bergan (“to protect”) from Proto-Germanic *berganą from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care of, protect, preserve”)


formation

→ Dutch: formatie

Inherited from Old French formacion, borrowed from Latin fōrmātiōnem. Cf. also the archaic formaison.


adjutant

fr-noun

adjutant m (plural adjutants, feminine adjutante)

warrant officer class 1
warrant officer class 1

(military) warrant officer class 1, warrant officer


charge

→ Brazilian Portuguese: charge

→ Romanian: șarjă

→ Turkish: şarj, şarz (misspelling)

Inherited from Middle French charge, from Old French charge, carge, equivalent to a deverbal from charger.

une charge massive contre les positions allemandes

a massive charge against the German positions


kamikaze

kamikaze m or f by sense (plural kamikazes)

Borrowed from Japanese 神風 (かみかぜ (kamikaze, “suicide flyer”, literally “divine wind”)).

bor+

<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">かみかぜ</i> (kamikaze, “suicide flyer”, literally “divine wind”)

kamikaze (person carrying out a suicide attack); suicide bomber


glaive

Inherited from Old French glaive, from Late Latin glavus; see the entry for English glaive for further information.


lance

Inherited from Old French lance, from Latin lancea.

(military) a lancer (a soldier armed with a lance)


fusil

desctree

Saint Dominican Creole French: fisil
Haitian Creole: fizi

→ Louisiana Creole: fizi

→ Catalan: fusell

→ Spanish: fusil

→ Portuguese: fuzil

From Old French fuisil, foisil, from Vulgar Latin *focīlis (petra), from Latin focus. Compare Italian fucile.


rampant

fr-adj

rampant (feminine rampante, masculine plural rampants, feminine plural rampantes)

rampante (feminine)
rampants (masculine plural)
rampantes (feminine plural)

(military) stranded on the ground as opposed to flying staff


cam

From English cam, a shortening of camera.

(military, nautical) contre-amiral (rear admiral (RAdm))


mire

Borrowed from Italian mira, from Latin mīrō (“to wonder at”).

(weaponry) aim (action of aiming) [from 1562]


char

Inherited from Old French char, from Latin carrus, a loan from Transalpine Gaulish. Doublet of car (“coach”), a borrowing from English.


corvette

→ Catalan: corbeta

→ Danish: korvet

→ English: corvette

→ Dutch: korvet

→ Ottoman Turkish: قوروت (korvet)

Turkish: korvet

→ Portuguese: corveta

→ Spanish: corbeta

From Middle Dutch korf, korver (“a kind of ship”), or Middle Low German korf (“a kind of ship and basket”), + -ette. Possibly ultimately connected to Latin corbita (navis), "slow-sailing ship of burden, grain ship," which is from corbis.


incorporation

Inherited from Old French incorporacion, from Latin incorporātiōnem. By surface analysis, incorporer + -ation.

surface analysis

(military) entry into the military; entry into service


lame

→ Catalan: llama

→ Italian: lama

desc

→ Persian: لام (lâm, “microscope slide”)

Inherited from Latin lāmina, through the accusative lāminam. Doublet of lamine, a borrowing.


raid

Borrowed from English raid, from Scots raid. Doublet of rade from Middle English.


vedette

→ Dutch: vedette

→ English: vedette

→ Italian: vedette

→ Polish: wedeta

→ Portuguese: vedeta

→ Romanian: vedetă

→ Spanish: vedete


caisson

→ English: caisson

→ Turkish: keson

From Old Occitan caisson, from caissa. By surface analysis, caisse + -on.


peloton

→ English: peloton

→ German: Peloton

→ Portuguese: pelotão

→ Spanish: pelotón


offensive

→ German: Offensive

First attested 1417; formed from offense, from Latin offēnsare (“to strike against”).


SN

(military, nautical) Initialism of sous-marin nucléaire (“nuclear-powered submarine; SSN”).


avant-garde

→ Danish: avantgarde

→ English: avant-garde

→ German: Avantgarde

→ Korean: 아방가르드 (abanggareudeu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: avantgarde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: avantgarde

→ Swedish: avantgarde

→ Turkish: avangart

Inherited from Old French avantgarde. By surface analysis, avant (“before, in front of”) + garde (“guard”).

surf

Le 11 décembre, les avant-gardes ennemies étaient signalées aux environs de Château-Thierry.

1879, Alfred Barbou, Les Trois Républiques françaises : Histoire populaire de la République en France [The Three French Republics: People's history of the Republic in France], A. Duquesne:

On December 11, the enemy vanguard was reported in the vicinity of Château-Thierry.


claymore

From English claymore, from Scottish Gaelic claidheamh-mòr.


svastika

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वस्तिक (svastika).


commando

→ Turkish: komando


missile

Inherited from Middle French, from Latin missilis (“that may be thrown”) (as in English).


nid

Inherited from Old French nid, from Latin nīdus, from Proto-Italic *nizdos (“nest”), from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”).

Nid de mitrailleuses

Nid d’espions

(military) Some people or dangerous things, hidden or not


arsenal

desctree

→ Russian: арсенал (arsenal)
→ Georgian: არსენალი (arsenali)


braquemard

Spanish: bracamarte, bracamante


rater

rater (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ratant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
raté (participle past)
rate (first-person indicative present singular)
rates (indicative present second-person singular)
rate (indicative present singular third-person)
ratons (first-person indicative plural present)
ratez (indicative plural present second-person)
ratent (indicative plural present third-person)
ratais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ratais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ratait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rations (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ratiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rataient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ratai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ratas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rata (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ratâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ratâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ratèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
raterai (first-person future indicative singular)
rateras (future indicative second-person singular)
ratera (future indicative singular third-person)
raterons (first-person future indicative plural)
raterez (future indicative plural second-person)
rateront (future indicative plural third-person)
raterais (conditional first-person singular)
raterais (conditional second-person singular)
raterait (conditional singular third-person)
raterions (conditional first-person plural)
rateriez (conditional plural second-person)
rateraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rate (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rates (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rate (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rations (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ratiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ratent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ratasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ratasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ratât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ratassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ratassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ratassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rate (imperative second-person singular)
ratons (first-person imperative plural)
ratez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Catalan: ratar

→ Haitian Creole: rate

Emerged in the early 1700s, likely originally in reference to a firearm misfiring, from the expression (1651) prendre un rat (“to misfire”, literally “to get a rat”), from rat (“rat”). More at rat.

Le revolver rata.

(intransitive, of a weapon) to fail to fire; to misfire [first att. 1718]


colonel

fr-noun

colonel m (plural colonels, feminine colonelle)

From Italian colonnello. Compare Middle French coronel, borrowed earlier from the same source. See English colonel for more.

a colonel, highest commissioned officer below generals

an ice cream dessert consisting of lemon sherbet and vodka


conjugaison

From Middle French conjugaison, alteration of earlier conjugation, borrowed from Latin coniugātiōnem. Equivalent to conjuguer + -aison.


dragée

→ Bulgarian: драже (draže)

→ Danish: dragé

→ English: dragée

→ Portuguese: drágea

→ Romanian: drajeu

desctree

→ Russian: драже́ (dražé)
→ Armenian: դրաժե (draže)
→ Azerbaijani: draje
→ Georgian: დრაჟე (draže)

→ Spanish: gragea, dragea

→ Swedish: dragé

→ Turkish: draje

→ Ukrainian: драже́ (dražé)

Inherited from Old French dragee, dragie, via Latin tragēmata, from Ancient Greek τραγήματα (tragḗmata, “dried fruits, sweetmeats”), plural of τράγημα (trágēma).

der

[…] ſo I went and fetch’d a good Dram of Rum, and gave him; for I had been ſo good a Husband of my Rum, that I had a great deal left: When he had drank it, I made him take the two Fowling-Pieces, which we always carry’d, and load them with large Swan-Shot, as big as ſmall Piſtol Bullets; then I took four Muſkets, and loaded them with two Slugs, and five ſmall Bullets each; and my two Piſtols I loaded with a Brace of Bullets each; I hung my great Sword as uſual, naked by my Side, and gave Friday his Hatchet.

1722, La vie et les avantures surprenantes de Robinson Crusoe, contenant entre autres évenemens le séjour qu'il a fait pandant vingt-huit ans dans une isle deserte, située sur la côte de l'Amerique, près l'embouchure de la gran riviere Oronooque; son retour dans son isle, & ses autres neveaux voyages. Le tout écrit par lui-même. Traduit de l'anglois., volume 2, Amsterdam: L’Honore et Chatelain, page 96:

(historical, firearms, uncountable) swan-shot, small-shot, hail-shot


marmite

→ Catalan: marmita

→ English: marmite

→ Portuguese: marmita

→ Spanish: marmita

→ Greek: μαρμίτα (marmíta)

In Middle French (attested 1388) used in the sense of an earthen or metal cooking-pot; later (17th century) also of bombs or grenades from their resemblance to iron cooking-pots.
Earlier, the noun Old French marmite meant "hypocrite" (attested 1223); the semantic development is explained as the cooking-pot being covered and not revealing its interior (thus being "hypocritical", as compared to e.g. a cooking-pan or a plate).
The etymology of marmite "hypocrite" is explained as a compound of marmotter (“to mutter”) (from an onomatopoeic base mar- "murmur") and mite (“cat”) (an obsolete word for "cat", probably also onomatopoeic, i.e. imitative of meowing, extant only in the compound chattemite), and thus describing a person being evasive by "murmuring" or "meowing" instead of speaking plainly.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


brigade

→ Bulgarian: бригада (brigada)

→ Catalan: brigada

→ Czech: brigáda

→ Dutch: brigade
→ Indonesian: brigade

→ English: brigade

→ German: Brigade

→ Hungarian: brigád

→ Russian: бригада (brigada) (see there for further descendants)

→ Polish: brygada

desctree

→ Portuguese: brigada
→ Javanese: ꦧꦽꦒꦢ (bregada)
→ Indonesian: bregada

→ Romanian: brigadă

→ Serbo-Croatian: бригада, brigáda

→ Slovak: brigáda

→ Spanish: brigada

→ Swedish: brigad


AMC

auto-mitrailleuse de combat
auto-mitrailleuse de combat#French

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse de combat = combat machine-gun carrier or armored car


FC

Forces canadiennes
w:fr:Forces canadiennes

(Canada, military) Initialism of Forces canadiennes.; CF (Canadian Forces)


AMD

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse de découverte: reconnaissance machine-gun carrier or armored car


garde

Inherited from Old French guarde, from the verb guarder (or less likely directly from Frankish *warda), from Frankish *wardōn (“to protect”). Compare Italian guardia, Spanish guarda. Cognate with English ward.

a battalion responsible for guarding, defending a sovereign, a prince, more generally, of an elite corps.

(military) sentry service performed by soldiers.

(military) soldiers doing the sentry service


grenade

LL-Q150 (fra)-Mathieu Denel WMFr-grenade.wav

Substantive use of Old French grenate in pomme grenate (“pomegranate”), from dialectal northern Italian pom granat, from Medieval Latin pomum granatum (“seeded fruit”), from Latin grānātum. The -d- developed under influence from Spanish granada.

der

(heraldry) pomegranate (Grenade de guerre is used in French to describe a grenade in English heraldry)


merlon

→ English: merlon

From Italian merlone (“merlon”), from merlo (“merlon”) + -one (suffix forming augmentatives). Merlo is derived from Late Latin merulus, merlus, possibly from Latin merula (“blackbird”) (as merlons resemble a row of birds perched on a wall), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ems- (“black; blackbird”).


tir

→ Belarusian: цір (cir)

→ Russian: тир (tir)

→ Ukrainian: тир (tyr)

tir précis

tir au canon

tir à l’arc ― archery

shot, shooting (of a weapon) [from 1660]

Un tir a été établi pour les archers dans un des fossés qui se rapprochent de la ville.

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire]:

A range was set up for the archers in one of the ditches that approach the city.


maquis

→ English: maquis

→ Portuguese: maquis

→ Spanish: maquis

From Corsican machja or macchia, from Latin macula (“spot”), with addition of the suffix -is.

(figuratively, historical, military) resistance, underground (movement during World War II)


sortie

→ Ottoman Turkish: صورتی (sorti)

Turkish: sorti

Feminine past participle of sortir; from Latin sortīrī (“cast lots, divide, receive”), possibly influenced by a derivative of surgō (“get up, arise”). Compare Italian sortire (“produce”).


ARC

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Aviation royale canadienne; RCAF (“Royal Canadian Air Force”)


baguette

→ Czech: bageta

→ Danish: baguette

→ English: baguette

→ German: Baguette

→ Greek: μπαγκέτα (bagkéta)

→ Hebrew: בגט (bagét)

→ Korean: 바게트 (bageteu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bagett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bagett

→ Polish: bagietka

→ Portuguese: baguete

→ Romanian: baghetă

→ Russian: баге́т (bagét)

→ Spanish: baguette

→ Swedish: baguette

→ Turkish: baget

desc

→ Ukrainian: баге́т (bahét), баґе́та (bagéta)

(firearms) gun-stick, rod for stuffing the gun with ammunition


détente

→ English: détente, → detent

Borrowed from Latin detenta or detendita, as a feminine past participle of detentus.

(sports) height to which one is able to jump

(physics) expansion of a gas or a spring


franc-tireur

fr-noun

franc-tireur m (plural francs-tireurs, feminine franche-tireuse or franc-tireuse)

francs-tireurs (plural)
franche-tireuse (feminine)
franc-tireuse (feminine)

Italian: franco tiratore

Spanish: francotirador

Catalan: franctirador

(military) a sniper, an irregular, an impromptu guerrilla


ogive

→ Spanish: ojiva

From Vulgar Latin augīvus, from Latin augēre, as the ogive goes on increasing, and the arch it forms increases the strength of the vault. In Old French we find the phrase arc ogif, itself from Latin arcus augivus. The word was also written as augive in the 17th century.

ogives nucléaires

Dans la journée, l’armée russe a procédé à un exercice annuel de dissuasion nucléaire avec des tests de missiles capables de transporter des ogives nucléaires.

2022 October 27, Thomas d’Istria, “Oleksii Reznikov, le ministre de la défense ukrainien, ne croit pas que Poutine utilisera l’arme nucléaire”, in Le Monde.fr:

During the day, the Russian army carried out an annual nuclear deterrence exercise with tests of missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads.

(military) nose cone, warhead (of missile)


aspirant

aspirant m (plural aspirants, feminine aspirante)

→ German: Aspirant

(military) officer candidate, officer designate, midshipman


IDS

Initialism of Initiative de défense stratégique (“Strategic Defense Initiative”): SDI


bombe

→ Danish: bombe

→ English: bombe

→ German: Bombe

→ Lao: ບົມ (bom)

→ Persian: بمب (bomb)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bombe

→ Vietnamese: bom

Borrowed from Italian bomba, from Latin bombus (“a boom”).


guerre

→ Wolof: xare, geer

Inherited from Middle French guerre, from Old French guerre, from Early Medieval Latin werra, borrowed from Frankish *werru (“confusion; quarrel”). Compare English war.

Le droit de la guerre est une expression pour désigner les lois, en général coutumières, sur lesquelles s’entendent les peuples ennemis lorsqu’ils sont en guerre.

The law of war is an expression describing the laws, generally customary, that enemy peoples that are at war agree to.


balle

→ Portuguese: bala

Inherited from Middle French balle, from northern Italian balla. Doublet of balle (Etymology 2).


balle

Inherited from Middle French balle (“large bundle, package”), from Old French bale (“rolled-up bundle, packet of goods”) and Medieval Latin bala, of Germanic origin. Cognate with English ball. Doublet of Etymology 1.

der

bundle of goods; packet tied and held together with string


barda

Borrowed from Arabic بَرْذَعَة (barḏaʕa, “packsaddle”).


fusillade

Il a été condamné à mort par fusillade.

He was sentenced to death by firing squad.

L’état des trois victimes de la fusillade est critique.

The three gunshot victims are in critical condition.


tirer

tirer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
tirant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
tiré (participle past)
tire (first-person indicative present singular)
tires (indicative present second-person singular)
tire (indicative present singular third-person)
tirons (first-person indicative plural present)
tirez (indicative plural present second-person)
tirent (indicative plural present third-person)
tirais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tirais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tirait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tirions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tiriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tiraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tirai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
tiras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
tira (historic indicative past singular third-person)
tirâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
tirâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
tirèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
tirerai (first-person future indicative singular)
tireras (future indicative second-person singular)
tirera (future indicative singular third-person)
tirerons (first-person future indicative plural)
tirerez (future indicative plural second-person)
tireront (future indicative plural third-person)
tirerais (conditional first-person singular)
tirerais (conditional second-person singular)
tirerait (conditional singular third-person)
tirerions (conditional first-person plural)
tireriez (conditional plural second-person)
tireraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tire (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tires (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tire (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tirions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tiriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tirent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tirasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tirasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tirât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tirassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tirassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tirassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tire (imperative second-person singular)
tirons (first-person imperative plural)
tirez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: tire

Louisiana Creole: tiré

From Middle French tirer, from Old French tirer, from Vulgar Latin *tīrāre.

to draw (conclusions), to consider (consequences)


blocus

Inherited from Middle French blocus, bloccus, from Middle Dutch blochuus.

Le blocus de Latchine a pour toile de fond la négociation d’un accord de paix global.

2023 May, Constant Léon, “L'Arménie en quête de soutien”, in Le Monde diplomatique, page 12:

The blockade of Lachin is taking place against the backdrop of the negotiation of a comprehensive peace agreement.


butte

→ English: butte

(archery) a mound of dirt upon which targets were placed to practice shooting


charger

charger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
chargeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
chargé (participle past)
charge (first-person indicative present singular)
charges (indicative present second-person singular)
charge (indicative present singular third-person)
chargeons (first-person indicative plural present)
chargez (indicative plural present second-person)
chargent (indicative plural present third-person)
chargeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chargeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chargeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chargions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chargiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chargeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chargeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
chargeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
chargea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
chargeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
chargeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
chargèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
chargerai (first-person future indicative singular)
chargeras (future indicative second-person singular)
chargera (future indicative singular third-person)
chargerons (first-person future indicative plural)
chargerez (future indicative plural second-person)
chargeront (future indicative plural third-person)
chargerais (conditional first-person singular)
chargerais (conditional second-person singular)
chargerait (conditional singular third-person)
chargerions (conditional first-person plural)
chargeriez (conditional plural second-person)
chargeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
charge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
charges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
charge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chargions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chargiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chargent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chargeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
chargeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
chargeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
chargeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chargeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chargeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
charge (imperative second-person singular)
chargeons (first-person imperative plural)
chargez (imperative plural second-person)

Esperanto: ŝarĝi

Persian: شارژ کردن (šârž kardan)

Inherited from Old French chargier, from Late Latin carricāre, from Latin carrus (“four-wheeled baggage wagon”). Compare Spanish cargar.


bourrelet

From bourre + -et (influenced by Old French bourrel).


scalpel

Learned borrowing from Latin scalpellum.


fléau

Inherited from Old French flaiel, flael, flayau, inherited from Latin flagellum.


rafale

Origin uncertain. Possibly related to Italian raffica influenced by affaler.

(by extension, military) burst (series of shots fired from an automatic firearm)


pucelle

fr-noun

pucelle f (plural pucelles, masculine puceau)

Inherited from Middle French pucelle < Old French pucele, first attested in the 10th century as pulcella, from Vulgar Latin *pūllicella, of disputed origin. Possibly a diminutive of Latin pullus (“young of animals, chick”), or pullus as a contraction of *purulus, from purus (“pure”). Alternatively from Latin puella (“girl”) through a Vulgar Latin root *puellicella.

uder

(military) metal regulation badge worn on the chest with insignia indicating the formation to which it belongs


commandant

fr-noun

commandant m (plural commandants, feminine commandante)

commandants (plural)
commandante (feminine)

→ English: commandant

→ German: Kommandant

desctree

→ Dutch: commandant
Afrikaans: kommandant
→ Indonesian: komandan
→ Min Nan: 公勃壟 /公勃垄 (kong-pu̍t-lóng)
→ West Frisian: kommandant

Haitian Creole: komandan

desc

→ Hindi: कमांडेंट (kamāṇḍẽṭ)

→ Hindi: कमांडेंट (kamāṇḍẽṭ)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قوماندان (kumandan)
Turkish: kumandan

→ Punjabi: ਕੁਮੇਦਾਨ (kumedān)

→ Russian: коменда́нт (komendánt)


coucher

coucher (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
couchant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
couché (participle past)
couche (first-person indicative present singular)
couches (indicative present second-person singular)
couche (indicative present singular third-person)
couchons (first-person indicative plural present)
couchez (indicative plural present second-person)
couchent (indicative plural present third-person)
couchais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
couchais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
couchait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
couchions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
couchiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
couchaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
couchai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
couchas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
coucha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
couchâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
couchâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
couchèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
coucherai (first-person future indicative singular)
coucheras (future indicative second-person singular)
couchera (future indicative singular third-person)
coucherons (first-person future indicative plural)
coucherez (future indicative plural second-person)
coucheront (future indicative plural third-person)
coucherais (conditional first-person singular)
coucherais (conditional second-person singular)
coucherait (conditional singular third-person)
coucherions (conditional first-person plural)
coucheriez (conditional plural second-person)
coucheraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
couche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
couches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
couche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
couchions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
couchiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
couchent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
couchasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
couchasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
couchât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
couchassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
couchassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
couchassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
couche (imperative second-person singular)
couchons (first-person imperative plural)
couchez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: kouche

→ Esperanto: kuŝi

→ German: kusch

→ Italian: cucciare

Inherited from Middle French coucher, from Old French couchier, from Latin collocāre (“set in place”). Doublet of colloquer.


classe

→ Bavarian: Klass

q

or from Russian <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">класс</i> (klass)

→ Bulgarian: клас (klas) (or from Russian класс (klass))

→ Dutch: klasse, klas (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ English: class
→ Assamese: ক্লাছ (klas)
→ Bengali: ক্লাস (klaś), কেলাস (kelaś) — nonstandard
→ Gulf Arabic: كلاس (klās) (or from French classe)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: क्लास (klās)
Urdu: کلاس
→ Japanese: クラス (kurasu)
→ Korean: 클래스 (keullaeseu)
→ Nepali: क्लास (klās)
→ Scottish Gaelic: clas
→ Thai: คลาส (kláas)
→ Yoruba: kíláàsì

→ Franco-Provençal: cllâsse

→ German: Klasse (see there for further descendants)

q

or from English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">class</i>

→ Gulf Arabic: كلاس (klās) (or from English class)

→ Hunsrik: Klass

→ Latvian: klase

→ Luxembourgish: Klass

→ Persian: کلاس (kelâs)

→ Romanian: clasă

→ Swedish: klass

→ Turkish: klas

→ Vilamovian: klass

(military) class, cohort (all the recruits conscripted in a particular year)

(military, in the plural) a period of military training


lansquenet

→ English: lansquenet

→ Portuguese: lansquenete, lansquené

→ Spanish: lansquenete


lingue

Inherited from Middle French leynge, lingue, from Middle Dutch *lenge.


engager

engager (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
engageant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
engagé (participle past)
engage (first-person indicative present singular)
engages (indicative present second-person singular)
engage (indicative present singular third-person)
engageons (first-person indicative plural present)
engagez (indicative plural present second-person)
engagent (indicative plural present third-person)
engageais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
engageais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
engageait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
engagions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
engagiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
engageaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
engageai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
engageas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
engagea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
engageâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
engageâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
engagèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
engagerai (first-person future indicative singular)
engageras (future indicative second-person singular)
engagera (future indicative singular third-person)
engagerons (first-person future indicative plural)
engagerez (future indicative plural second-person)
engageront (future indicative plural third-person)
engagerais (conditional first-person singular)
engagerais (conditional second-person singular)
engagerait (conditional singular third-person)
engagerions (conditional first-person plural)
engageriez (conditional plural second-person)
engageraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
engage (first-person present singular subjunctive)
engages (present second-person singular subjunctive)
engage (present singular subjunctive third-person)
engagions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
engagiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
engagent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
engageasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
engageasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
engageât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
engageassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
engageassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
engageassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
engage (imperative second-person singular)
engageons (first-person imperative plural)
engagez (imperative plural second-person)

→ German: engagieren

→ Bulgarian: ангажирам (angažiram)

→ Italian: ingaggiare

→ Ladino: engajar

→ Polish: angażować

→ Portuguese: engajar

→ Romanian: angaja

→ Turkish: angaje

From Middle French, from Old French engagier (“to pawn, make a pledge, plight”), from en- + gage (“pledge”), from Late Latin vadium (“pledge”), from Frankish *wadja (“pledge”), from Proto-Germanic *wadjō, *wadją (“pledge, guarantee”), from Proto-Indo-European *wadʰ- (“guarantee, bail”). Cognate with Middle Dutch wedde (“property, pay”), Old High German wetti (“collateral, security agreement”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌹 (wadi, “guarantee”), Old English wedd (“pledge, vow”). More at wed.


tir à l'arc

archery (practice or sport of shooting arrows with a bow)


armada

→ Romanian: armadă

Borrowed from Spanish armada. Doublet of armée.


couteau

Inherited from Old French coutel, from Latin cultellus, diminutive of culter (“knife, plough blade”); cognate with Italian coltello. Not related to couper.

razor clam; any bivalve in the genus Solen.


balayer

balayer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
balayant (gerund participle present)
balayant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
balayé (participle past)
balayé (participle past)
balaye (first-person indicative present singular)
balaie (first-person indicative present singular)
balayes (indicative present second-person singular)
balaies (indicative present second-person singular)
balaye (indicative present singular third-person)
balaie (indicative present singular third-person)
balayons (first-person indicative plural present)
balayons (first-person indicative plural present)
balayez (indicative plural present second-person)
balayez (indicative plural present second-person)
balayent (indicative plural present third-person)
balaient (indicative plural present third-person)
balayais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
balayais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
balayais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
balayais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
balayait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
balayait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
balayions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
balayiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
balayaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
balayaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
balayai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
balayai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
balayas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
balayas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
balaya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
balaya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
balayâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
balayâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
balayâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
balayâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
balayèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
balayèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
balayerai (first-person future indicative singular)
balaierai (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.le.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
balayeras (future indicative second-person singular)
balaieras (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
balayera (future indicative singular third-person)
balaiera (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.le.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
balayerons (first-person future indicative plural)
balaierons (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.le.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
balayerez (future indicative plural second-person)
balaierez (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.le.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
balayeront (future indicative plural third-person)
balaieront (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
balayerais (conditional first-person singular)
balaierais (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
balayerais (conditional second-person singular)
balaierais (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
balayerait (conditional singular third-person)
balaierait (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
balayerions (conditional first-person plural)
balaierions (conditional first-person plural)
/ba.lɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ (conditional first-person plural)
balayeriez (conditional plural second-person)
balaieriez (conditional plural second-person)
/ba.lɛ.jə.ʁje/ (conditional plural second-person)
balayeraient (conditional plural third-person)
balaieraient (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
balaye (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balaie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balayes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
balaies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
balaye (present singular subjunctive third-person)
balaie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
balayions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
balayiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
balayent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
balaient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
balayasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balayasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balayasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balayasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balayât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
balayât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
balayassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
balayassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
balayassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
balayassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
balayassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balayassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balaye (imperative second-person singular)
balaie (imperative second-person singular)
balayons (first-person imperative plural)
balayons (first-person imperative plural)
balayez (imperative plural second-person)
balayez (imperative plural second-person)


magasin

Haitian Creole: magazen

Antillean Creole: magazen

→ Albanian: magazinë

→ Bedjond: màgàjā

→ Belarusian: магазін (mahazin)

→ Danish: magasin

→ Estonian: magasin

→ Finnish: makasiini

→ Gulay: màgàjā

→ Latvian: magazīna

→ Norman: magasîn

→ Norwegian: magasin

→ Romanian: magazin

→ Portuguese: magazine

→ Swedish: magasin

→ Tagalog: magasin

→ Russian: магазин (magazin)

Inherited from Old French maguesin, from Italian magazzino, from Arabic مَخَازِن (maḵāzin), plural of مَخْزَن (maḵzan, “storeroom, storehouse”), from خَزَنَ (ḵazana, “to store, to stock, to lay up”). Doublet of magazine.

comme un éléphant dans un magasin de porcelaine


carquois

Inherited from Old French carcois, carquais, from earlier tarchais, tarquait, from Byzantine Greek ταρκάσιον (tarkásion), from Arabic تِرْكَاش (tirkāš), from Persian تیرکش (tirkaš), ترکش (tarkaš, tarkeš, from تیر (tir, “arrow”) + کش (kaš, “container”)).

af

GOLAUD : C’est sans le vouloir ; voyons, ne pleure plus, je te donnerai quelque chose demain…
YNIOLD : Quoi, petit-père ?
GOLAUD : Un carquois et des flèches ; mais dis-moi ce que tu sais au sujet de la porte.

1892, Maurice Maeterlinck, Pelléas et Mélisande:

GOLAUD : It's without wanting it; let's see, don't cry any more, I'll give you something tomorrow…
YNIOLD : What, grandfather?
GOLAUD : A quiver and arrows; but tell me what you know about the door


cran

Deverbal of créner (“to kern”), from crenedes (“notched”), from Vulgar Latin *crinare, probably of Celtic/Gaulish origin, from Proto-Celtic *krini-, from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate”). Or, less likely, from Latin cernō (“to separate”), itself from the same root.


cayenne

Dictionnaire de la langue française
Émile Littré


chasseur

fr-noun

chasseur m (plural chasseurs, feminine chasseuse or chasseresse)

chasseurs (plural)
chasseuse (feminine)
chasseresse (feminine)

From chasser + -eur; found in Old French as chaceür, chaceor. Compare Italian cacciatore, Spanish cazador.


mobilisation

desc

мобилиза́ция

→ Bulgarian: мобилиза́ция (mobilizácija)

→ Crimean Tatar: mobilizatsiya

→ English: mobilisation

мобилиза́ция

→ Russian: мобилиза́ция (mobilizácija)

→ Kazakh: мобилизация (mobilizasiä)

→ Kyrgyz: мобилизация (mobilizatsiya)

мобилизатсия

→ Tajik: мобилизатсия (mobilizatsiya)

→ Uzbek: mobilizatsiya


munition

English: munition, ammunition

Borrowed from Latin mūnitiōnem, from mūniō.


force de frappe

fr-noun

force de frappe f (countable and uncountable, plural forces de frappe)


pistolet

From pistole + -et. Ultimately from Czech píšťala (“whistle”).


camouflet

→ English: camouflet


bâtiment

Inherited from Middle French bastiment, from Old French bastiment (“act of building, fortification”), from bastir (“to build, make; to sew”), from Vulgar Latin *bastīre, borrowed from Frankish *bastijan (“to sew, weave”).


armée

→ Norwegian Bokmål: armé

Inherited from Middle French armee, from the feminine past participle of the verb armer; first attested in French circa 1370 (except in Anglo-Norman), borrowed through Anglo-Norman from Medieval Latin armāta (“armed force”), the neuter plural form of the past participle of Latin armō (“to arm”), from arma (“arms, weapons”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). Doublet of armada, a borrowing from Spanish. Displaced Latin exercitus (“army”).

Une doctrine militaire est constituée des principes fondamentaux selon lesquels l’armée ou certaines de ses parties accomplissent leurs tâches pour atteindre les objectifs nationaux.

Military doctrine is made up of fundamental principles according to which the armed forces, or certain parts of them, perform their duties in order to achieve national objectives.


mot de passe

(military) password (word relayed to a person to gain admittance to a place or to gain access to information)


batterie

→ Catalan: bateria

desctree

→ Danish: batteri
→ Greenlandic: batteri

→ Dutch: batterij (see there for further descendants)

→ English: batterie

→ Galician: batería

→ German: Batterie

→ Polish: bateria

→ Portuguese: bateria

→ Romanian: baterie

→ Spanish: batería

→ Swedish: batteri

→ Persian: باطری (bâtri)

→ Turkish: bateri

From Old French baterie, from batre (“to hit”).

(music) percussion, drum kit, battery/batterie


parachutiste

fr-noun

parachutiste m or f by sense (plural parachutistes)


gradé

fr-adj

gradé (feminine gradée, masculine plural gradés, feminine plural gradées)

gradée (feminine)
gradés (masculine plural)
gradées (feminine plural)


gradé

fr-noun

gradé m (plural gradés, feminine gradée)


manipule

(Ancient Rome, military, Christianity) a maniple


bélier

From a change of suffix from Old French belin, probably ultimately of Dutch origin, cf. belhamel.


général

général m (plural généraux, feminine générale)

→ Romanian: general

→ Persian: ژنرال (ženerâl)

→ Serbo-Croatian: đeneral

Inherited from Old French general, borrowed from Latin generālis.


réduire

réduire (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
réduisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
réduit (participle past)
réduis (first-person indicative present singular)
réduis (indicative present second-person singular)
réduit (indicative present singular third-person)
réduisons (first-person indicative plural present)
réduisez (indicative plural present second-person)
réduisent (indicative plural present third-person)
réduisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
réduisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
réduisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
réduisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
réduisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
réduisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
réduisis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
réduisis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
réduisit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
réduisîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
réduisîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
réduisirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
réduirai (first-person future indicative singular)
réduiras (future indicative second-person singular)
réduira (future indicative singular third-person)
réduirons (first-person future indicative plural)
réduirez (future indicative plural second-person)
réduiront (future indicative plural third-person)
réduirais (conditional first-person singular)
réduirais (conditional second-person singular)
réduirait (conditional singular third-person)
réduirions (conditional first-person plural)
réduiriez (conditional plural second-person)
réduiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
réduise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
réduises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
réduise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
réduisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
réduisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
réduisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
réduisisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
réduisisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
réduisît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
réduisissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
réduisissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
réduisissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
réduis (imperative second-person singular)
réduisons (first-person imperative plural)
réduisez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French reduire, from Old French reduire, an alteration or Gallicization of Latin redūcere (“reduce”), after conduire.

(transitive, military) to capture (a place), to quell (opposition etc.)


brigadier

brigadier m (plural brigadiers, feminine brigadière)

brigadiers (plural)
brigadière (feminine)

desctree

→ Dutch: brigadier
→ Indonesian: brigadir
→ Papiamentu: brigadir
→ Sranan Tongo: brigadiri

→ English: brigadier

→ Romanian: brigadier

→ Spanish: brigadier

Être Brigadier

2023 February 1 (last accessed), Careers - Jobs - Ottawa Safety Council:


corvée

→ Dutch: corvee

→ English: corvee

→ Italian: corvè

Inherited from Late Latin conrogāta [opera], from the feminine past participle of Latin conrogō.

(military) fatigue; menial task [from 1835]


chargeur

fr-noun

chargeur m (plural chargeurs, feminine chargeuse)

→ Turkish: şarjör

→ Persian: شارژر (šâržer)

(nautical) loader, shipper, freighter, shipping agent


jupon

→ Japanese: ズボン (zubon)

→ Polish: żupan

→ Romanian: jupon

Inherited from Middle French jupon. By surface analysis, jupe + -on.

(military) a sleeveless jacket worn over armor (medieval)


arc long anglais

arc long anglais m (plural arcs longs anglais)


brèche

→ Catalan: bretxa

→ Danish: breche

→ Galician: brecha

→ Italian: breccia (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: brecha

→ Romanian: breșă

→ Russian: брешь (brešʹ)

→ Spanish: brecha

Inherited from Middle French breche, bresche, from Old French breche, bresche (“a breach, an opening, crack”), from Frankish *breka (“a breach, break”), from Proto-Germanic *brekō (“a breaking, breach, fallow ground”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break, crack”).
Cognate with Old High German brecha (“a break”). More at break.


étui

→ Dutch: etui

→ English: étui

→ Esperanto: -ujo

→ Galician: estui

→ German: Etui

→ Ido: etuyo

→ Polish: etui

→ Romanian: etui

→ Swedish: etui

Inherited from Middle French étui, from Old French estui (“case, sheath”), of uncertain origin.
Possibly a derivative of Old French estuier (“keep, hold”), itself possibly from Vulgar Latin *studiāre, from Latin studium; or, more likely, of Germanic origin, related to Middle High German stūche (“cupping glass”). Compare Occitan estug, Catalan estoig, Spanish estuche, Portuguese estojo.

cog

case (for glasses, cigars, soap, a viola)


ribaudequin

From Dutch ribaudekijn, diminutive of ribaude ("cannon").


hallebarde

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French alabarde, from Italian alabarda, from Middle High German halmbarte (“broad-axe with handle”), from halm (from Proto-Germanic *helmô (“handle”)) + barte (“hatchet”) (from *bardaz (“broadax”, literally “beard”)).


nucléaire

→ Romanian: nuclear

→ Turkish: nükleer


yatagan

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یتاغان (modern Turkish yatağan).


riflette

The sense of "war zone" is from rifle (“variant form of rif (“line of fire”)”) + -ette.

af

variant form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">rif</i> (“line of fire”)


fauchard

Inherited from Middle French fauchar, fauchart, from Old French fauçard, from Vulgar Latin *falcāre, derived from Latin falx (“sickle, scythe”). Doublet of faux ("scythe").


carabine

German: Karabiner

1611, alternative spelling charabine late 16th century, from carabin.
The meaning "mistress of one of the carabins" is recorded in the dictionary of Guérin (1892).


dégager

dégager (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
dégageant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
dégagé (participle past)
dégage (first-person indicative present singular)
dégages (indicative present second-person singular)
dégage (indicative present singular third-person)
dégageons (first-person indicative plural present)
dégagez (indicative plural present second-person)
dégagent (indicative plural present third-person)
dégageais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dégageais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dégageait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dégagions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
dégagiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
dégageaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dégageai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
dégageas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
dégagea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
dégageâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
dégageâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
dégagèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
dégagerai (first-person future indicative singular)
dégageras (future indicative second-person singular)
dégagera (future indicative singular third-person)
dégagerons (first-person future indicative plural)
dégagerez (future indicative plural second-person)
dégageront (future indicative plural third-person)
dégagerais (conditional first-person singular)
dégagerais (conditional second-person singular)
dégagerait (conditional singular third-person)
dégagerions (conditional first-person plural)
dégageriez (conditional plural second-person)
dégageraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
dégage (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dégages (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dégage (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dégagions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
dégagiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dégagent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dégageasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
dégageasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dégageât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dégageassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
dégageassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dégageassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dégage (imperative second-person singular)
dégageons (first-person imperative plural)
dégagez (imperative plural second-person)

(military) to relieve (a town, army, etc.)


goujat

fr-noun

goujat m (plural goujats, feminine goujate)

Probably dialectal: Lorrain goujart, or Occitan gojat, both two at sense of “young man” (f. gouge), but the first meaning could still be “young female”; possibly from Latin gaudium.

Aux chevaliers copiés sur les nôtres, toujours nobles et généreux, voués à un idéal inaccessible, aux forêts fraîches et profondes, à ce monde imaginaire et fantastique succèdent et s’associent […] le goujat d’armée, […]

1853, “Préface”, in Alfred Morel-Fatio, transl., Vie de Lazarille de Tormès:


centurie

(historical, Ancient Rome, military) century (Roman army type unit)


boyau

→ English: boyau

Inherited from Old French boïel, bouel, from Latin botellus.


cuirassier

cuirassier m (plural cuirassiers, feminine cuirassier)

cuirassiers (plural)
cuirassier (feminine)

From Old French cuiracer, from cuirace + -er. More at English cuirass, French cuirasse.


capitaine

→ Walloon: captinne

Inherited from Middle French capitaine, from Old French capitaine, borrowed from Late Latin capitaneus, from Latin caput. Compare the inherited Old French chevetaine (whence English chieftain). Doublet of cheftaine.


FAB

Forces Armées Béninoises
w:fr:Forces Armées Béninoises

(Benin, military) Abbreviation of Forces Armées Béninoises (“Benin armed forces”).


caporal

caporal m (plural caporaux, feminine caporale)


coup d'État

coup d’ État (canonical masculine)
coups d’État (plural)

desctree

→ English: coup d'état
→ Bengali: কুদেতা (kudeta)
→ Cebuano: kudeta
→ Japanese: クーデター (kūdetā)
→ Korean: 쿠데타 (kudeta)
→ Malay: kudeta / کوديتا
Indonesian: kudeta
→ Tagalog: kudeta

→ Persian: کودتا (kudetâ)

→ Albanian: grusht shteti (calque)

→ Asturian: golpe d'estáu (calque)

→ Catalan: cop d'estat (calque)

→ Galician: golpe de estado (calque)

→ German: Staatsstreich (calque)
→ Hungarian: államcsíny (calque)

desc

→ Greek: πραξικόπημα (praxikópima) (calque)

→ Italian: colpo di stato (calque)

→ Khmer: រដ្ឋប្រហារ (rŏət prɑɑhaa) (calque)

→ Lao: ຣັຖປະຫານ (rat pa hān) (calque)

→ Norwegian: statskupp (calque)

→ Polish: zamach stanu (calque)

→ Portuguese: golpe de estado (calque)

→ Romanian: lovitură de stat (calque)

→ Spanish: golpe de estado (calque)

→ Swedish: statskupp (calque)

→ Thai: รัฐประหาร (rát-tà-bprà-hǎan) (calque)

→ Turkish: devlet darbesi (calque)


guérite

Inherited from Old French garite, guarite, probably ultimately from guarir (“protect”). Compare Spanish garita.

Le gardien ferma soigneusement la porte de sa guérite – je n’en vis guère l’utilité – et, avant de partir, se mettant dans la peau d’un étranger, il essaya de l’ouvrir

The guard carefully closed the door to his sentry-box - I failed to see the point of it - and, before leaving, pretending to be a stranger, he tried to open it.


verrou

Backformation from Middle French verroux, from the nominative-singular/accusative-plural of Old French veroil, from Vulgar Latin *verruculum, from Latin vericulum, diminutive of verū.


poignée

handle (of a door, drawer, suitcase, sword, etc.)


fauchon

From Old French fauchon (cognate with Italian falcione), from Vulgar Latin *falciōnem, from Latin falx.


déserter

déserter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
désertant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
déserté (participle past)
déserte (first-person indicative present singular)
désertes (indicative present second-person singular)
déserte (indicative present singular third-person)
désertons (first-person indicative plural present)
désertez (indicative plural present second-person)
désertent (indicative plural present third-person)
désertais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
désertais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
désertait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
désertions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
désertiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
désertaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
désertai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
désertas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
déserta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
désertâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
désertâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
désertèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
déserterai (first-person future indicative singular)
déserteras (future indicative second-person singular)
désertera (future indicative singular third-person)
déserterons (first-person future indicative plural)
déserterez (future indicative plural second-person)
déserteront (future indicative plural third-person)
déserterais (conditional first-person singular)
déserterais (conditional second-person singular)
déserterait (conditional singular third-person)
déserterions (conditional first-person plural)
déserteriez (conditional plural second-person)
déserteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
déserte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
désertes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
déserte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
désertions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
désertiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
désertent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
désertasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
désertasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
désertât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
désertassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
désertassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
désertassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
déserte (imperative second-person singular)
désertons (first-person imperative plural)
désertez (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Late Latin dēsertāre, from Latin dēsertus.


furtif

fr-adj

furtif (feminine furtive, masculine plural furtifs, feminine plural furtives)

furtive (feminine)
furtifs (masculine plural)
furtives (feminine plural)

→ Dutch: furtief

→ Romanian: furtiv

avion furtif

(military) stealth; with stealth capabilities


baïonnette

→ English: bayonet

→ German: Bajonett

→ Greek: μπαγιονέτα (bagionéta)

→ Spanish: bayoneta

From Bayonne (the town where they were first made) + -ette.


sergent

fr-noun

sergent m (plural sergents, feminine sergente)

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French sergeant, sergent, serjant, sergient, sergant (“sergeant, servant”), from Medieval Latin or Late Latin servientem (“a servant, vassal, soldier, apparitor”), from Classical Latin servientem (“serving”), present participle of serviō, servīre (“serve, be a slave to”). See also servant.


décoration

→ Romanian: decorație

→ Turkish: dekorasyon


flanc

→ Catalan: flanc

→ Dutch: flank

→ German: Flanke

→ Portuguese: flanco

→ Romanian: flanc

→ Spanish: flanco

Inherited from Middle French and Old French flanc, from Frankish *hlanka, from Proto-Germanic *hlankō. Cognate with Italian fianco.


état-major

From état (“group, college”) + major (“main, principal”).

af

(military) general staff, high command, headquarters (group of officers in charge of an army under the control of the commander-in-chief)

(military) headquarters (military installation from which troops are commanded and orders are issued)


NCSM

Navire Canadien de Sa Majesté
Navire Canadien de Sa Majesté#French

(Canada, military, nautical) HMCS; Initialism of Navire Canadien de Sa Majesté; (His/Her Majesty's Canadian Ship). A designation for ships of the Canadian Forces Maritime Command


espadon

→ English: espadon

Haitian Creole: espandon


investissement

fr-noun

investissement m (plural investissements)

(military) investment, siege [from 1704]


redoute

(military) An outwork of a fortification (cognate with redoubt).


blinde

From German Blinde, from blenden (“to dazzle, to blind”).

(military, historical, in the plural) pieces of wood used as cover or protection


leurre

(military) flare (aerial infrared countermeasure)


réserve

→ Romanian: rezervă

→ Russian: резе́рв (rezérv)

→ Turkish: rezerv

→ Ukrainian: резе́рв (rezérv)

(military) reserve (body of troops kept in the rear of an army drawn up for battle, reserved to support the other lines as occasion may require; force or body of troops kept for an exigency)


matraque

From dialectal Arabic مَطْرَق (maṭraq). See Aramaic מטרקא (mṭrqʾ) for more.


bombe atomique

bombe atomique f (plural bombes atomiques)


tranchée

→ Persian: ترانشه (terânše)

→ Belarusian: траншэ́я (tranšéja)

→ Bulgarian: транше́я (tranšéja)

→ Georgian: ტრანშეა (ṭranšea)

→ Italian: trincea

⇒ Spanish: trinchera

→ Macedonian: транше́ја (tranšéja)

→ Romanian: tranșee

desctree

→ Russian: транше́я (tranšéja)
→ Kazakh: траншея (tranşeä)
→ Kyrgyz: траншея (tranşeya)
→ Uzbek: transheya

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: транше́ја

Latin script: tranšéja

→ Ukrainian: транше́я (tranšéja)


relève

(military) changing, changeover, relief (release from a post or duty, as when replaced by another)


déborder

déborder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
débordant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
débordé (participle past)
déborde (first-person indicative present singular)
débordes (indicative present second-person singular)
déborde (indicative present singular third-person)
débordons (first-person indicative plural present)
débordez (indicative plural present second-person)
débordent (indicative plural present third-person)
débordais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
débordais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
débordait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
débordions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
débordiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
débordaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
débordai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
débordas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
déborda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
débordâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
débordâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
débordèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
déborderai (first-person future indicative singular)
déborderas (future indicative second-person singular)
débordera (future indicative singular third-person)
déborderons (first-person future indicative plural)
déborderez (future indicative plural second-person)
déborderont (future indicative plural third-person)
déborderais (conditional first-person singular)
déborderais (conditional second-person singular)
déborderait (conditional singular third-person)
déborderions (conditional first-person plural)
déborderiez (conditional plural second-person)
déborderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
déborde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
débordes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
déborde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
débordions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
débordiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
débordent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
débordasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
débordasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
débordât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
débordassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
débordassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
débordassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
déborde (imperative second-person singular)
débordons (first-person imperative plural)
débordez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: debòde

From dé- + bord + -er. Cognate with Catalan and Spanish desbordar.

la goutte d’eau qui fait déborder le vase

(military) to overshoot (shoot too far); to outflank


débordant

fr-adj

débordant (feminine débordante, masculine plural débordants, feminine plural débordantes)

débordante (feminine)
débordants (masculine plural)
débordantes (feminine plural)


AML

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse lourde: heavy machine-gun carrier or armored car


AMR

(military) Initialism of auto-mitrailleuse de reconnaissance (“reconnaissance machine-gun carrier or armored car”).


chassepot

a breechloading, rapid-fire, long-range rifle used in the French army from 1866 to 1874


saluer

saluer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
saluant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
salué (participle past)
salue (first-person indicative present singular)
salues (indicative present second-person singular)
salue (indicative present singular third-person)
saluons (first-person indicative plural present)
saluez (indicative plural present second-person)
saluent (indicative plural present third-person)
saluais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
saluais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
saluait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
saluions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
saluiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
saluaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
saluai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
saluas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
salua (historic indicative past singular third-person)
saluâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
saluâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
saluèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
saluerai (first-person future indicative singular)
salueras (future indicative second-person singular)
saluera (future indicative singular third-person)
saluerons (first-person future indicative plural)
saluerez (future indicative plural second-person)
salueront (future indicative plural third-person)
saluerais (conditional first-person singular)
saluerais (conditional second-person singular)
saluerait (conditional singular third-person)
saluerions (conditional first-person plural)
salueriez (conditional plural second-person)
salueraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
salue (first-person present singular subjunctive)
salues (present second-person singular subjunctive)
salue (present singular subjunctive third-person)
saluions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
saluiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
saluent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
saluasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
saluasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
saluât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
saluassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
saluassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
saluassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
salue (imperative second-person singular)
saluons (first-person imperative plural)
saluez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French saluer, from Old French saluer, earlier saluder, from Latin salūtāre.


fleuret

→ Czech: fleret

→ Danish: fleuret

→ Korean: 플뢰레 (peulloere)

→ Turkish: flöre

Ils font des armes avec des fleurets qu’ils ont apportés.

1897, Edmond Rostand, Cyrano de Bergerac:

They fence with the foils they have brought.


cie

2ᵉ cⁱᵉ d’ouv.

(military) Abbreviation of compagnie. — company


frégate

→ English: frigate

→ Romanian: fregată

desctree

→ Russian: фрега́т (fregát)
→ Kazakh: фрегат (fregat)

(nautical) frigate (a number of different classes of ships)


lance-roquette

fr-noun

lance-roquette m (plural lance-roquettes)


amiral

amiral m (plural amiraux, feminine amirale)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: آمیرال (amiral)
Turkish: amiral

→ Romanian: amiral

→ Swedish: amiral
→ Finnish: amiraali

From Old French amiral etc., from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).

Mais dans ce pays-ci il est bon de tuer de tems en tems un Amiral pour encourager les autres.

But in this country it's good from time to time to kill an admiral to encourage the others.


écuyer

fr-noun

écuyer m (plural écuyers, feminine écuyère)

Etymology tree
Late Latin scūtārius
Old French escuier
Middle French escuyer
French écuyer
Inherited from Middle French escuyer m, from Old French escuier m, inherited from Late Latin scūtārius m, from Latin scūtum n. Doublet of scutaire m.


trêve

Attested in Old French as trieve, treve, from Frankish *treuwu, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō (“fidelity; pledge”). Cognate with Dutch trouw, German Treue, English truce. More at true, truce.


navire de guerre

fr-noun

navire de guerre m (plural navires de guerre)


porte-aéronefs

porte-aéronefs m (plural porte-aéronefs)


avion de combat

avion de combat m (plural avions de combat)


navire de ligne

navire de ligne m (plural navires de ligne)

LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-navire de ligne.wav


ligne de bataille

ligne de bataille f (plural lignes de bataille)


marine militaire

marine militaire f (plural marines militaires)


marine de guerre

marine de guerre f (plural marines de guerre)


armée de l'air

armée de l’air f (usually uncountable, plural armées de l’air)

armée de l’ air (canonical feminine)
armées de l’air (plural)

Coordinate term: armée de terre

(military) air force, air corps or flying corps


armée de terre

armée de terre f (plural armées de terre)

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-armée de terre.wav

Coordinate term: armée de l’air

(military) land force, ground forces, ground troops


armée de l'espace

armée de l’espace f (plural armées de l’espace)

armée de l’ espace (canonical feminine)
armées de l’espace (plural)


forces spatiales

(military) space forces, aerospace forces


char de guerre

char de guerre m (plural chars de guerre)

/ʃaʁ də ɡɛʁ/


razzia

→ Catalan: ràtzia

→ Czech: razie

→ Danish: razzia

→ Dutch: razzia

→ Indonesian: razia

→ English: razzia

→ Finnish: ratsia

→ German: Razzia

→ Hungarian: razzia

→ Italian: razzia

→ Portuguese: razia

→ Spanish: razia

→ Swedish: razzia

From earlier razia (1830), gazia (1808), borrowed from Algerian Arabic غَزِيَّة (ḡaziya), classical Arabic غَزْوَة (ḡazwa, “raid, military campaign”). Compare Portuguese gazia.


escarmouche

Inherited from Middle French escarmuche, from Old French escharmuche (“skirmish”), from Old Italian scaramuccia (“skirmish”), from Lombardic skirmen or Frankish *skirmijan (“to shelter”).
Cognate with Old High German skirmen, scirmen (“to shield, defend, protect”), skirm (“shade, protection”). More at skirmish, screen.


uhlan

Borrowed from German Uhlan, from Polish ułan, from Ottoman Turkish اوغلان (oğlan, “boy”).


janissaire

Borrowed from Italian giannizzaro, from Ottoman Turkish یڭیچری (yeñiçeri), from یڭی (yeni, “new”) + چری (çeri, “soldier”).


hypocentre

hypocentre (presumed underground point where an earthquake originated)


bistouri

→ Albanian: bisturi

→ Catalan: bisturí

→ Dutch: bistouri

→ Indonesian: bisturi

→ English: bistoury

→ Esperanto: bisturio

→ Italian: bisturi

→ Romanian: bisturiu

→ Spanish: bisturí

→ Turkish: bisturi

Borrowed from Italian pistorese or pistorino (“from Pistoia”, see Latin Pistōrium); the city of Pistoia was once famous for the manufacturing of blades. Doublet of pistoïen.

(surgery) bistoury, scalpel, surgical knife


après-guerre

fr-noun

après-guerre m or f (plural après-guerre or après-guerres)

après-guerre (plural)
après-guerres (plural)

Coordinate term: avant-guerre

post-war years, post-war period (especially the eight years following World War II)


fusiller

fusiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
fusillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
fusillé (participle past)
fusille (first-person indicative present singular)
fusilles (indicative present second-person singular)
fusille (indicative present singular third-person)
fusillons (first-person indicative plural present)
fusillez (indicative plural present second-person)
fusillent (indicative plural present third-person)
fusillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fusillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fusillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fusillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fusilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fusillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fusillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
fusillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
fusilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
fusillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
fusillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
fusillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
fusillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
fusilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
fusillera (future indicative singular third-person)
fusillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
fusillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
fusilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
fusillerais (conditional first-person singular)
fusillerais (conditional second-person singular)
fusillerait (conditional singular third-person)
fusillerions (conditional first-person plural)
fusilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
fusilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
fusille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fusilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
fusille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fusillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fusilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fusillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fusillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fusillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fusillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fusillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fusillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fusillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fusille (imperative second-person singular)
fusillons (first-person imperative plural)
fusillez (imperative plural second-person)

Dutch: fusilleren

to shoot, to shoot down, to gun down (especially with a rifle, but also with other firearms)


poing américain

poing américain m (plural poings américains)


gilet pare-balles

gilet pare-balles m (plural gilets pare-balles)


fougasse

From earlier fougade, probably borrowed from Italian fogata (from fogare, from foga), with a change of suffix.


blindé

fr-adj

blindé (feminine blindée, masculine plural blindés, feminine plural blindées)

blindée (feminine)
blindés (masculine plural)
blindées (feminine plural)

(military) armoured, armour-plated; reinforced


blindé

L’assaut fut lancé par des blindés et des paras.

1967, Gaalyahu Cornfeld, War for Redemption and Peace/La Guerre pour la Redemption et la Paix, page 19:

The attack was launched by the armoured vehicles and paratroopers.


se tirer une balle dans le pied

LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-se tirer une balle dans le pied.wav

shoot oneself in the foot
shoot oneself in the foot

(figuratively) to shoot oneself in the foot

scier la branche sur laquelle on est assis


pertuisane

From Italian partigiana, influenced by pertuis.


feu d'artifice

fr-noun

feu d’artifice m (plural feux d’artifice)

feu d’ artifice (canonical masculine)
feux d’artifice (plural)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Le Commissaire-feu d'artifice.wav


dard

→ Italian: dardo

→ Portuguese: dardo

→ Spanish: dardo

Via Old French dart, from Frankish *daroth (compare Old High German tart, Old Norse darradr).


torpille

→ Greek: τορπίλη (torpíli)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: طورپیل (torpil)
Turkish: torpil
→ Armenian: թօռփիլ (tʻōṙpʻil), թօռփին (tʻōṙpʻin)

From obsolete torpin with change of suffix.


garde-magasin

fr-noun

garde-magasin m (plural gardes-magasins)


CAm

(military) Abbreviation of contre-amiral (“rear admiral, or RAdm”).


enseigne

enseigne m or f by sense (plural enseignes)

Inherited from Latin īnsignia, a neuter plural reinterpreted as a feminine singular. Doublet of insigne.


SNLE

sous-marin nucléaire lanceur d'engins#French

(military, nautical) an SSBN (nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine); Abbreviation of Sous-Marin Nucléaire Lanceur d’Engins.


doloire

→ English: doloire

From Old French doleoire, from inherited from Vulgar Latin *dolatōria, from Late Latin dolatorium, from Latin dolō (“to hew”).


obus

→ Catalan: obús

→ Dutch: obus

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: اوبوز, اوبوس (obüs)
Turkish: obüs

→ Portuguese: obus

→ Romanian: obuz

→ Spanish: obús

Borrowed from German Haubitze, from Czech houfnice (“catapult”).

Une rafale d’obus de mortiers est tombée près du poste médical. Panique.

2011 September 22, “Une Libye aux allures d'hécatombe”, in L'Obs:

A volley of mortar shells have fallen near the medical post. Panic.

(military) shell (cylindrical projectile)


fantassin

From Italian fantaccino, from fante, short form of infante (“child; young soldier”).


anti-aérien

fr-adj

anti-aérien (feminine anti-aérienne, masculine plural anti-aériens, feminine plural anti-aériennes)

anti-aérienne (feminine)
anti-aériens (masculine plural)
anti-aériennes (feminine plural)


arbalétrier

fr-noun

arbalétrier m (plural arbalétriers, feminine arbalétrière)

arbalétriers (plural)
arbalétrière (feminine)

crossbowman (someone equipped with a crossbow)


envoi

→ English: envoi, envoy

From earlier envei, envoy; from the verb envoyer (“to send”).


déployer

déployer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
déployant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
déployé (participle past)
déploie (first-person indicative present singular)
déploies (indicative present second-person singular)
déploie (indicative present singular third-person)
déployons (first-person indicative plural present)
déployez (indicative plural present second-person)
déploient (indicative plural present third-person)
déployais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
déployais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
déployait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
déployions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
déployiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
déployaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
déployai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
déployas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
déploya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
déployâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
déployâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
déployèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
déploierai (first-person future indicative singular)
déploieras (future indicative second-person singular)
déploiera (future indicative singular third-person)
déploierons (first-person future indicative plural)
déploierez (future indicative plural second-person)
déploieront (future indicative plural third-person)
déploierais (conditional first-person singular)
déploierais (conditional second-person singular)
déploierait (conditional singular third-person)
déploierions (conditional first-person plural)
déploieriez (conditional plural second-person)
déploieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
déploie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
déploies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
déploie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
déployions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
déployiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
déploient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
déployasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
déployasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
déployât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
déployassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
déployassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
déployassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
déploie (imperative second-person singular)
déployons (first-person imperative plural)
déployez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French desployer, from Old French desploier, desploiier, itself from a compound of des- and ploiier, or possibly from Late Latin displicāre, or from Latin dēplicāre (“to unfold”).


exercice

Inherited from Old French exercice (first attested in the early thirteenth century), borrowed from Latin exercitium.

un exercice d’entraînement sur le terrain

exercices conjoints des armées de l’air française et allemande

joint exercises between the French and German air forces

exercise (various meanings)
(military) exercise


galon

→ Catalan: galó

→ English: galloon
→ Irish: galún

→ Italian: gallone

→ Portuguese: galão

→ Romanian: galon

→ Spanish: galón
→ Tagalog: galon

→ Vietnamese: ga-lông


consigner

consigner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
consignant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
consigné (participle past)
consigne (first-person indicative present singular)
consignes (indicative present second-person singular)
consigne (indicative present singular third-person)
consignons (first-person indicative plural present)
consignez (indicative plural present second-person)
consignent (indicative plural present third-person)
consignais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
consignais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
consignait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
consignions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
consigniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
consignaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
consignai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
consignas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
consigna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
consignâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
consignâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
consignèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
consignerai (first-person future indicative singular)
consigneras (future indicative second-person singular)
consignera (future indicative singular third-person)
consignerons (first-person future indicative plural)
consignerez (future indicative plural second-person)
consigneront (future indicative plural third-person)
consignerais (conditional first-person singular)
consignerais (conditional second-person singular)
consignerait (conditional singular third-person)
consignerions (conditional first-person plural)
consigneriez (conditional plural second-person)
consigneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
consigne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
consignes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
consigne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
consignions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
consigniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
consignent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
consignasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
consignasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
consignât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
consignassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
consignassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
consignassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
consigne (imperative second-person singular)
consignons (first-person imperative plural)
consignez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin cōnsignāre.


mitraillette

From mitrailleuse, with substitution of suffix (mitrailler + -ette).

(Belgium) sandwich with meat and French fries


quille

Inherited from Middle French quille, borrowed from Middle High German kegel, from Old High German kegil, from Proto-West Germanic *kagil (“pile, stake, peg, cone”).


recharger

recharger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rechargeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rechargé (participle past)
recharge (first-person indicative present singular)
recharges (indicative present second-person singular)
recharge (indicative present singular third-person)
rechargeons (first-person indicative plural present)
rechargez (indicative plural present second-person)
rechargent (indicative plural present third-person)
rechargeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rechargeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rechargeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rechargions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rechargiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rechargeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rechargeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rechargeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rechargea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rechargeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rechargeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rechargèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
rechargerai (first-person future indicative singular)
rechargeras (future indicative second-person singular)
rechargera (future indicative singular third-person)
rechargerons (first-person future indicative plural)
rechargerez (future indicative plural second-person)
rechargeront (future indicative plural third-person)
rechargerais (conditional first-person singular)
rechargerais (conditional second-person singular)
rechargerait (conditional singular third-person)
rechargerions (conditional first-person plural)
rechargeriez (conditional plural second-person)
rechargeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
recharge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
recharges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
recharge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rechargions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rechargiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rechargent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rechargeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rechargeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rechargeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rechargeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rechargeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rechargeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
recharge (imperative second-person singular)
rechargeons (first-person imperative plural)
rechargez (imperative plural second-person)


couleuvrine

From couleuvre + -ine; from Old French coulevrine, possibly corresponding to Latin colubrīnus.


as des as

suffissant à faire de lui « l’as des as » de la chasse

enough to make him the "ace of aces" of hunting

Fonck, l’as des as, n’était pas juif, mais de si peu !

le lieutenant Ernest Udet, « as des as » allemands

Lieutenant Ernest Udet, German "ace of aces"

reçoit le titre d’« as des as de l’infanterie française ».

receives the title of "ace of aces" of the French infrantry.


croisade

Inherited from Middle French croisade (15th century), as it were crois + the suffix -ade. The change in suffix from Old French croisement, croiserie, croisée, is influenced by Old Occitan crozada (13th century) and Old Spanish cruzada (14th century), both reflecting Latin cruciāta.


silencieux

→ Norman: silencieux

Borrowed from Latin silentiōsus (adjective). Documented since 1527.