rose

Inherited from Middle French rose, from Old French rose, borrowed from Latin rosa (the expected form if it was inherited would be *reuse).


croissant

→ English: croissant

→ German: Croissant

→ Italian: croissant

→ Korean: 크라상 (keurasang)

→ Malay: roti bulan sabit (calque)

→ Turkish: kruvasan

→ Spanish: cruasán

→ Asturian: curasán

→ Catalan: croissant

→ Portuguese: croassã

Present participle of the verb croître (“to increase, to grow”). From Old French croisant, from earlier creissant, from Latin crēscentem, present active participle of crēscō (“to augment”).


lion

Haitian Creole: lyon

Mauritian Creole: lyon

Seychellois Creole: lyon

Inherited from Old French lion, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin leōnem, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).


dragon

fr-noun

dragon m (plural dragons, feminine dragonne)

→ Albanian: dragun

→ Armenian: դրագուն (dragun)

→ Azerbaijani: draqun

→ Bashkir: драгун (dragun)

→ Belarusian: драгун (drahun)

→ Breton: dragun

→ Bulgarian: драгун (dragun)

→ Catalan: dragon

→ Cebuano: dragun

→ Crimean Tatar: dragun

→ Czech: dragoun

→ Danish: dragon

→ English: dragoon

→ Esperanto: dragono

→ Estonian: tragun

→ Gagauz: dragun

→ Georgian: დრაგუნი (draguni)

→ German: Dragoner
→ Dutch: dragonder

→ Greek: δραγόνος (dragónos)

→ Hebrew: דרגון (dragún)

→ Hungarian: dragonyos

→ Icelandic: dragoní

→ Ido: dragono

→ Irish: dragún

→ Japanese: ドラグーン (doragūn)

→ Kazakh: драгун (dragun)

→ Kyrgyz: драгун (dragun)

→ Latvian: dragūns

→ Lithuanian: dragūnas

→ Macedonian: драгун (dragun)

→ Mongolian: драгун (dragun)

→ Norwegian: dragon

→ Occitan: dragon

→ Polish: dragon

→ Romanian: dragon

→ Russian: драгун (dragun)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: драґун (dragun)

→ Serbo-Croatian: dragun / драгун

→ Slovak: dragún

→ Slovene: dragonec

→ Spanish: dragón

→ Swedish: dragon
→ Finnish: rakuuna

→ Tagalog: dragun

→ Tajik: драгун (dragun)

→ Tatar: драгун (drağun)

→ Turkish: dragon

→ Turkmen: dragun

→ Ukrainian: драгун (drahun)

→ Uzbek: dragun

→ Waray-Waray: dragun

→ Welsh: dragŵn

→ Zazaki: dragun

Inherited from Old French dragon, perhaps borrowed from Old Occitan dragon, from Latin dracō, from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn). Doublet of drac.


canton

→ German: Kanton

Inherited from Middle French canton, from Old French canton (from the 1240s), from Old Occitan canton (“corner; canton”) (recorded before 1218), adopted in Occitan from North Italian (Gallo-Italic, early Lombard) cantone (“edge, corner; canton”), ultimately representing Latin cant- (“rim (of a wheel)”) with the addition of the -ō (accusative -ōnem) suffix forming augmentatives in Romance.


clef

clefs (plural)
clé (alternative)
cleph (alternative)

Inherited from Middle French clef, from Old French clef, from Latin clāvis, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w-. According to Bescherelle.

(heraldry) key; the device as shown on a coat of arms


pile

→ English: pile

→ Haitian Creole: anpil

→ Khmer: ពិល (pɨl)

→ Malagasy: pila

→ Rade: pil

→ Turkish: pil (“battery”)

→ Vietnamese: pin

Inherited from Old French, from Latin pīla (through Italian pila for the “battery” sense). The “tail of a coin” sense is probably derived from previous senses, but it's not known for sure.


pal

From Old French pal (12th c.), variant of pel, from Latin pālus (“stake, pole”). Doublet of pieu. The Trésor informatisé considers Old French pal a learned borrowing, but it might be a dialectal variant instead.


épée

Inherited from Middle French espee, from Old French espee, from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē). Doublet of spathe, a borrowing from Latin, and espade, a borrowing from Occitan.

(heraldry) sword; the weapon as shown on a coat of arms


barre

→ English: barre

→ Romanian: bară

→ Vietnamese: ba-rê

From Middle French barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Frankish *bara (“bar, beam, barrier, fence”), from Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce”).
If so, then cognate with Old High German para, bara (“bar, beam, one's cherished land”), Middle Dutch bāre, baer (“bar, barrier, rail”), Old Frisian ber (“attack, assault”), Swedish bärling (“a spoke”), Norwegian berling (“a small bar in a vehicle, rod”), Latin forus (“gangway, plank”), Russian забо́р (zabór, “fencing, paling, fence”), Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros, “piece of land, furrow, marker, beacon, lighthouse”).
An alternative etymology derives Old French barre and Vulgar Latin *barra from a Celtic source related to Breton barri (“branch, twig”).
Doublet of bar.


chef

Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.

d’or au chef de gueules

(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms


étoile

Haitian Creole: zetwal

Mauritian Creole: zetwal

Seychellois Creole: zetwal

→ English: étoile, etoile

→ Italian: étoile

From Middle French estoile, from Old French estoile, esteile, from Late Latin stēla, from Latin stēlla. Doublet of Estelle.


croix

Haitian Creole: kwa

Inherited from Middle French croix, from Old French croix, crois, from the Latin crucem. Doublet of crux, croiseur, and cruiser.

croix de bois, croix de fer, si je mens, je vais en enfer

(heraldry) a representation of a cross; the cross as a heraldic symbol


bande

→ Portuguese: banda

→ Turkish: bant

→ Persian: باند (bând)

From Old French bande, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bindā (“join, link”), cognate with English bind.


dauphin

Haitian Creole: dofen

Inherited from Old French dalphin, from Latin delphinus.

(heraldry) dolphin; the animal used as a charge


fusée

→ Polish: fuzja

→ Turkish: füze

From Old French *fus (whence fuseau) + -ée.


chevron

→ English: chevron

→ Russian: шевро́н (ševrón)

Inherited from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *capriōnem, from *capreus, cf. also caprone. Ultimately from Latin caper (“goat”).


champagne

→ Catalan: xampany

→ Dutch: champagne

→ English: champagne

→ Burmese: ရှမ်ပိန် (hrampin)

→ Korean: 샴페인 (syampein)

→ German: Champagner

→ Greek: σαμπάνια (sampánia)

→ Italian: champagne

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: champagne, sjampanje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: champagne, sjampanje

→ Polish: szampan

→ Portuguese: champanhe, champanha, champagne, champãe (eye dialect)

→ Spanish: champaña, champán

→ Swedish: champagne

From the region Champagne, from Late Latin campānia (in this case, Campania Remensis specifically), from campāneus, from Latin campus.

(countable, heraldry) base; bottom third of a coat of arms


grenade

LL-Q150 (fra)-Mathieu Denel WMFr-grenade.wav

Substantive use of Old French grenate in pomme grenate (“pomegranate”), from dialectal northern Italian pom granat, from Medieval Latin pomum granatum (“seeded fruit”), from Latin grānātum. The -d- developed under influence from Spanish granada.

der

(heraldry) pomegranate (Grenade de guerre is used in French to describe a grenade in English heraldry)


griffon

Inherited from Old French grifon (grif + -on), from Latin grȳphus, gryps, from Ancient Greek γρύψ (grúps).

inh+

(mythology) griffin (legendary creature)


goutte

Inherited from Middle French goutte, from Old French gote, gute, goute, from Latin gutta. The second t was added back in Middle French to reflect the original Latin spelling.


briquet

→ English: briquet

→ Spanish: briquet

→ Romanian: brichetă

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-briquet.wav

Specialised sense of Middle French briquet (“piece, morsel”), from brique.


aigle

Inherited from Middle French aigle, from Old French aigle, itself either borrowed from Old Occitan aigla or taken from Latin aquila, though not as a popular term. Cf. the Old French and regional form aille, which may be popularly inherited.
* Cognate with Italian aquila, Portuguese águia, Spanish águila, Romanian aceră. Doublet of eagle.

(heraldry) a representation an eagle; the eagle as a heraldic symbol


clé

clés (plural)
clef (alternative)
cleph (alternative)

→ Vietnamese: cờ-lê

Inherited from Middle French clef, from Old French clef, from Latin clāvis, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w-. According to Bescherelle, the spelling clé had replaced clef by 1845.


trèfle

→ German: Treff n

→ Macedonian: треф m (tref)

→ Russian: тре́фа f (tréfa)

→ Russian: тре́фы f (tréfy)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тре̏ф m

Latin script: trȅf m

→ Polish: trefl

→ Vietnamese: nhép, tép

Inherited from Old French tresfle, from Vulgar Latin *trifolum, from Latin trifolium, calque of Ancient Greek τρίφυλλον (tríphullon). Or taken from the Greek itself. Compare Old French trefeuil.


orle

Inherited from Old French orle, from Vulgar Latin *ōrula, a diminutive of Latin ōra (“edge”), probably from ōs, ōris (“mouth”). Compare Portuguese and Spanish orla.


bouse

From Gaulish or Ancient Ligurian. Cognate with Piedmontese busa, Ligurian bêusa, bûsa, bûsia and Occitan bosa, bosia.


bordure

Haitian Creole: bòdi

desctree

→ Russian: бордюр (bordjur)
→ Georgian: ბორდიური (bordiuri)

Inherited from Old French bordure, bordeure, from border (“to border”), from bort, bord (“a border”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bord.


frette

From fretter, or Old French freit, from Latin frīgidus (“cold”).


comble

Inherited from Old French cumble, inherited through a Vulgar Latin form *cumlu(s) from Latin cumulus. Doublet of cumulus, a borrowing.


fasce

Borrowed (in this form) from Latin fascia. The Old French form faisse, fece, which underwent "re-Latinized" spelling in modern French, was popularly inherited.


foudre

Inherited from Old French foudre, from Latin fulgura, nominative plural of fulgur, from Proto-Italic *folgos. Alternatively, from fulgere.


bâton

→ Crimean Tatar: baton

→ English: baton

→ Norwegian Bokmål: batong

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: batong

→ Polish: baton

→ Portuguese: batom

→ Russian: батон (baton)

→ Swedish: batong, ⇒ batongbröd

→ Vietnamese: ba toong

Inherited from Old French baston, probably from a Vulgar Latin bastōnem, itself a modification of Late Latin bastum, or possibly noun use of the verb *bastāre, from Ancient Greek βαστάζω (bastázō). Compare Italian bastone.


flanc

→ Catalan: flanc

→ Dutch: flank

→ German: Flanke

→ Portuguese: flanco

→ Romanian: flanc

→ Spanish: flanco

Inherited from Middle French and Old French flanc, from Frankish *hlanka, from Proto-Germanic *hlankō. Cognate with Italian fianco.


licorne

From Old French unicorne via reanalysis as une icorne (with indefinite article), followed by further reanalysis of the new definite form l'icorne, or from Italian alicorno, variant of liocorno.


herse

Inherited from Old French herce, from Latin hirpicem. The initial aspiration is said to be onomatopoetic, but may also be due to influence by the unrelated Germanic words at hand in Old Norse herfi, English harrow.


losange

From Middle French losange, losenge, from Old French losenge (“a drawn shape on fabric, rhombus”), of obscure origin. Perhaps ultimately from Gaulish *lausā (“flat stone, stone slab”). Alternatively, perhaps from earlier Old French losenge (“flattery, deceitful praise”), from the notion the shape was reminiscent of the square flat slabs of tombstones upon which fulsome epithets of undue praise and flattery were written.

unk

obscure


vouivre

Variant of guivre (a form influenced by Germanic), from Old French guivre (cf. also the form wivre), from Latin vīpera. See also the borrowed doublet vipère.


vergette

From verge (“rod”) + -ette, from Latin virga.

(heraldry) a pale at least fivefold thinner than usual


annelet

Inherited from Old French anelet, diminutive of anel (“ring”) (modern anneau).


besant

(heraldry) roundel of metal, especially of or (“gold”): bezant


tourteau

(heraldry) roundel (of any color except or or argent)


écusson

Inherited from Old French escuchon, escusson.


macle

→ English: macle

The second sense is from Latin mascula, from Germanic (see English mascle for details). The first sense either has the same origin, or derives from macula (from Italic).


merlette

From merle + -ette, literally “little blackbird”, the word for the male blackbird being mostly female until the 16th century (a male: "une merle", a little male: "une merlette").
Meaning 2 (hen blackbird) appears in 1839.


fleur de lis

→ Russian: флёр-де-лис (fljór-dɛ-lis)