timbre

→ Hausa: tambur

→ Khmer: តែម (taem)

desctree

→ Iranian Persian: تَمْبْر (tambr)
→ Azerbaijani: təmr

→ Luxembourgish: Timber

→ Moroccan Arabic: تنبر (tanbar)

→ Vietnamese: tem

Inherited from Old French timbre, via Byzantine Greek, from Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon, “drum”). Less likely a direct descendant of Latin tympanum. Doublet of tympan.


aperture

Borrowed from Latin apertūra (“opening”). Doublet of ouverture.

bor+

(phonetics, phonology) opening, openness, aperture


coda

Borrowed from Italian coda. Doublet of queue.


nasal

fr-adj

nasal (feminine nasale, masculine plural nasaux, feminine plural nasales)

nasale (feminine)
nasaux (masculine plural)
nasales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nāsālis, from Latin nāsus (“nose”).


labial

labial (feminine labiale, masculine plural labiaux, feminine plural labiales)

labiale (feminine)
labiaux (masculine plural)
labiales (feminine plural)


allophone

Coordinate term: phonème

(phonetics, phonology) allophone (any of two or more alternative pronunciations for a phoneme)


phonème

desctree

→ Dutch: foneem, phoneem (dated)
→ Indonesian: fonem

→ German: Phonem

Greek: φώνημα n (fónima, “phoneme”)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma).

lbor

Coordinate term: phone

ce phonème, qui fleurit aussi bien dans l’extrême Orient que dans notre Basse-Normandie, tient le milieu entre notre a grave et l’o grave moyen des mots fort! encore! etc.

this sound, as abundant in the Far East as in our own Lower Normandy occupies the ground between our à sound and the middle o of words like fort! and encore!

Tout phonème suppose un réseau d’oppositions avec les autres phonèmes du même système. La thèse saussurienne précise: «Les phonèmes sont avant tout des entités oppositives, relative et négatives.»

Every phoneme assumes a network of contrasts with other phonemes in the same system. In de Saussure's words: "Phonemes are defined above all by opposition, relativity, by what they are not."

(phonetics, phonology) phoneme (indivisible unit of sound in a given language)


attaque

→ English: attack

→ German: Attacke

→ Polish: atak

→ Romanian: atac


noyau

Backformed from Old French noyaus, plural of noyal, from Late Latin nucālis, from Latin nux.

(phonetics, phonology) nucleus of a syllable


liquide

Inherited from Old French liquide, from Latin liquidus.

(phonology) liquid (class of consonant sounds)


phonologie

→ Turkish: fonoloji


diphtongue

Borrowed from Latin diphthongos or diphthongus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos, “diphthong”).


monophtongaison

fr-noun

monophtongaison f (plural monophtongaisons)


vélaire

Borrowed from New Latin vēlāris, from vēlum (whence French voile).


palatalisation

palatalisation f (plural palatalisations)


alphabet phonétique international

alphabet phonétique international m (uncountable)

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-alphabet phonétique international.wav

International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet

(phonetics) International Phonetic Alphabet; IPA


enchaînement

/ɑ̃.ʃɛn.mɑ̃/


métathèse

Borrowed from Late Latin metathesis, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek μετάθεσις (metáthesis).


arrondi

fr-adj

arrondi (feminine arrondie, masculine plural arrondis, feminine plural arrondies)

arrondie (feminine)
arrondis (masculine plural)
arrondies (feminine plural)

(phonetics, phonology) rounded (pronounced with lips drawn together)


paire minimale

fr-noun

paire minimale f (plural paires minimales)

(phonology) minimal pair (pair of words)


monophtongue

Borrowed from Latin monophthongos or monophthongus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek μονόφθογγος (monóphthongos, “monophthong”).


aphérèse

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀφαίρεσις (aphaíresis).


morphophonémique

From morpho- + phonémique (“phonemics”).

une forme morphophonémique


morphophonémique

fr-noun

morphophonémique f (plural morphophonémiques)


assimilation progressive

assimilation progressive f (plural assimilations progressives)

progressive assimilation
progressive assimilation

(phonetics, phonology) progressive assimilation


assimilation régressive

assimilation régressive f (plural assimilations régressives)

regressive assimilation
regressive assimilation

(phonetics, phonology) regressive assimilation


géminée

(phonetics, phonology) geminate (double consonant)


voisement

(phonetics, phonology) voicing, sonorization


dévoisement

(phonetics, phonology) devoicing, surdization


phonologue

phonologue m or f by sense (plural phonologues)


loi phonétique

loi phonétique f (plural lois phonétiques)


métathèse de quantité

métathèse de quantité f (plural métathèses de quantité)

quantitative metathesis
quantitative metathesis

(prosody, phonology) quantitative metathesis


harmonie vocalique

harmonie vocalique f (usually uncountable, plural harmonies vocaliques)


accent tonique

accent tonique m (plural accents toniques)


phonotactique

(phonetics, phonology) phonotactics (branch of phonology that deals with the restrictions a language applies to combinations of phonemes)


phonotactique

(phonetics, phonology) phonotactical, phonotactic


pulmonique

fr-adj

pulmonique (feminine pulmonique, masculine plural pulmoniques, feminine plural pulmoniques)

pulmonique (feminine)
pulmoniques (masculine plural)
pulmoniques (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin pulmōnicus, from pulmō (“lung”).

(phonetics, phonology) (of a speech sound): pulmonic (produced by pushing air from or into the lungs)


voiser

voiser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
voisant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
voisé (participle past)
voise (first-person indicative present singular)
voises (indicative present second-person singular)
voise (indicative present singular third-person)
voisons (first-person indicative plural present)
voisez (indicative plural present second-person)
voisent (indicative plural present third-person)
voisais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
voisais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
voisait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
voisions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
voisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
voisaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
voisai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
voisas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
voisa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
voisâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
voisâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
voisèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
voiserai (first-person future indicative singular)
voiseras (future indicative second-person singular)
voisera (future indicative singular third-person)
voiserons (first-person future indicative plural)
voiserez (future indicative plural second-person)
voiseront (future indicative plural third-person)
voiserais (conditional first-person singular)
voiserais (conditional second-person singular)
voiserait (conditional singular third-person)
voiserions (conditional first-person plural)
voiseriez (conditional plural second-person)
voiseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
voise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
voises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
voise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
voisions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
voisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
voisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
voisasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
voisasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
voisât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
voisassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
voisassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
voisassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
voise (imperative second-person singular)
voisons (first-person imperative plural)
voisez (imperative plural second-person)


distribution complémentaire

fr-noun

distribution complémentaire f (plural distributions complémentaires)

Calque of English complementary distribution.

clq

complementary distribution
complementary distribution

(phonetics, phonology) complementary distribution


sandhi tonal

fr-noun

sandhi tonal m (countable and uncountable, plural sandhis tonaux)

En mandarin, le sandhi tonal le plus fréquent concerne le 3e ton.

The most common example of tone sandhi in Mandarin Chinese concerns the third tone.