fa

(music) fa, the fourth diatonic (or sixth chromatic) note 'F'


accorder

accorder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
accordant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
accordé (participle past)
accorde (first-person indicative present singular)
accordes (indicative present second-person singular)
accorde (indicative present singular third-person)
accordons (first-person indicative plural present)
accordez (indicative plural present second-person)
accordent (indicative plural present third-person)
accordais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
accordais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
accordait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
accordions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
accordiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
accordaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
accordai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
accordas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
accorda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
accordâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
accordâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
accordèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
accorderai (first-person future indicative singular)
accorderas (future indicative second-person singular)
accordera (future indicative singular third-person)
accorderons (first-person future indicative plural)
accorderez (future indicative plural second-person)
accorderont (future indicative plural third-person)
accorderais (conditional first-person singular)
accorderais (conditional second-person singular)
accorderait (conditional singular third-person)
accorderions (conditional first-person plural)
accorderiez (conditional plural second-person)
accorderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
accorde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
accordes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
accorde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
accordions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
accordiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
accordent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
accordasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
accordasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
accordât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
accordassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
accordassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
accordassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
accorde (imperative second-person singular)
accordons (first-person imperative plural)
accordez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Romanian: acorda

Inherited from Middle French accorder, from Old French acorder, from Vulgar Latin *accordāre, derived from Latin cor (“heart”). By surface analysis, accord + -er.


mi

→ Persian: می (mi)


accent

→ Norwegian Bokmål: accent

→ Turkish: aksan

Inherited from Middle French accent, from Old French acent, accent, borrowed from Latin accentus (“accent, tone, accentuation”).


triangle

Borrowed from Latin triangulum. By surface analysis, tri- + angle.

(music) triangle (percussion instrument)


sol

From Latin sol(ve) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist where all note names were taken from.

(music) sol (the fifth step (G) in the solfège scale of C, preceded by fa and followed by la)


xylophone

→ Russian: ксилофо́н (ksilofón) (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: xilofon

→ Turkish: ksilofon


quadruple

une quadruple croche


finale

(music) final note (last note of a tune)


finale

(figuratively) Madame Hulot faisait remonter les premières infidélités de son Hector au grand finale de l’Empire.

1846, Honoré de Balzac, La Cousine Bette [Cousin Bette], Boniface, page 34:

Madame Hulot traced the first infidelities of her Hector back to the grand finale of the Empire.

La pièce est finie, mais non pas la musique. Il faut un finale : sans finale, pas d’opéra.

1867, Gustave Nadaud, “La volière [The Birdcage]”, in Henri Plon, editor, Opérettes [Operettas], volume IV, Paris, act ?, scene xiii, page 117:

The piece is finished, but not the music. There needs to be a finale: without a finale, no opera.

(figuratively) Le finale se recule encore, et vous allez voir que c’est malgré moi…

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire], page 83:

The finale moves itself back again, and you will see that it is despite myself….

L’épisode du cirque ambulant serait un bon finale pour ces treize années.

1977, Marguerite Yourcenar, Archives du Nord [Archives of the North], Éditions Gallimard, page 350:

The episode of the travelling circus would be a good finale for these thirteen years.

(music) finale (ensemble piece that ends an act of an opera, symphony, sonata)


bel

(sound engineering) bel (unit of sound intensity)


pain

Haitian Creole: pen

Karipúna Creole French: djipẽ

→ Farefare: pãanɛ

⇒ Khmer: នំប៉័ង (num pang)

desc

→ Xârâcùù: pêê

→ Xârâcùù: pêê

Inherited from Middle French pain, from Old French pain, from Latin pānem.

(slang, music) mistake during a performance (false note, forgot an intro, wrong solo, …)


piano

Borrowed from Italian piano. Doublet of plain and plan.

Il joue du piano avec compétence.

Je n’aime pas le piano. Je préfère le football.
Hein ! Quoi ! Et tu me dis ça à moi, le grand professeur Trompette ? Tiens ! Répète ta leçon cinq fois ! Non, dix fois !
Je déteste le piano !

1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:

I don’t like the piano. I like football more.
Huh? What? And you’re telling that to me, the great professor Trumpet? Alright then! Repeat what you’ve learned five times! No, ten times!
I hate the piano!


note

→ Turkish: not

→ Persian: نت (not)

→ Romanian: notă


cornet

→ English: cornet

→ Switzerland German: Cornet

Il tenait à la main gauche un cornet semblable à celui dont usaient les postillons ; en cas de péril, l’alarme serait donnée au patron qui tenait la barre à l’arrière.

2000, Jean-François Parot, L'énigme des Blancs-Manteaux, JC Lattès, published 2012, page 17:

In his left hand he held a horn like those used by post riders; in case of danger, the alarm would be given to the owner who was at the forward rail.


nuance

→ Bulgarian: нюа́нс (njuáns)

→ Czech: nuance

→ Danish: nuance

desctree

→ Dutch: nuance
Afrikaans: nuanse
→ Indonesian: nuansa

→ English: nuance

→ Esperanto: nuanco
→ Ido: nuanco

→ Finnish: nyanssi

→ German: Nuance

→ Norwegian: nyanse

→ Polish: niuans

→ Portuguese: nuance, nuança

→ Romanian: nuanță

→ Russian: нюа́нс (njuáns)

→ Slovak: nuansa

→ Swedish: nyans


duo

→ Romanian: duo

Borrowed from Italian duo. Doublet of deux.

(music) duet (a musical composition for two performers)


seconde

The first sense is a borrowing from Latin (minuta) secunda.

(music) second (interval between two adjacent notes in a diatonic scale)


lambda

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λάμβδα (lámbda).

bor+

(acoustics) a level of intensity equivalent to forty decibels above the threshold for hearing a sound with a frequency of one kilohertz


la

→ Persian: لا (lâ)


micro

Vietnamese: mi-crô

mic (“microphone”); Clipping of microphone.


violon

→ English: violon

→ Persian: ویولن (viyolon)

desc

→ Lao: ວີໂອລົງ (wī ʼō long)

→ Lao: ວີໂອລົງ (wī ʼō long)

From viole + -on (diminutive suffix). Compare Italian violino.

Sur le toit de la maison, nous jouons du violon.
Sur le toit de la maison, nous jouons du violon.
Son violon fait zig zig.
Ton violon fait zig zig.
Mon violon, mon violon, mon violon fait zig zig zig.
Son violon fait zig zig.
Ton violon fait zig zig.
Mon violon, mon violon, mon violon fait zig zig zig zig zig.

On the roof of this house, we play the violin.
On the roof of this house, we play the violin.
Their violin goes zig zig.
Your violin goes zig zig.
My violin, my violin, my violin goes zig zig zig.
Their violin goes zig zig.
Your violin goes zig zig.
My violin, my violin, my violin goes zig zig zig zig zig.

Je suis seul, je suis triste.
Tout est noir.
Ici, je n’ai pas d’amis.
Je n’ai pas de musique.
Je n’ai pas de chanson.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.

I am alone, I am sad.
Everything is black.
Here, I have no friends.
I have no music.
I have no songs.
There are no violins.
No drums, no accordions.
There are no violins.
No drums, no accordions.


lyre

→ Romanian: liră

→ Turkish: lir


double

→ Romanian: dublu

Inherited from Old French doble, from Latin duplus.

une double croche


frappé

→ Portuguese: frapê, frapé, frappé (unadapted form)

→ Turkish: frape


timbre

→ Hausa: tambur

→ Khmer: តែម (taem)

desctree

→ Iranian Persian: تَمْبْر (tambr)
→ Azerbaijani: təmr

→ Luxembourgish: Timber

→ Moroccan Arabic: تنبر (tanbar)

→ Vietnamese: tem

Inherited from Old French timbre, via Byzantine Greek, from Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon, “drum”). Less likely a direct descendant of Latin tympanum. Doublet of tympan.


label

Borrowed from English label, itself from Old French label, lambel (“fringe, strip”), 1899.


table

Louisiana Creole: latab

→ Bulgarian: табла (tabla)

→ Macedonian: табла (tabla)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: табла

Latin script: tabla

Inherited from Old French table, from Latin tabula (“tablet”). Doublet of tôle and taule.


harpe

From Late Latin harpa, from Proto-Germanic *harpǭ.


lento

Borrowed from Italian lento. Doublet of lent.


ton

→ Turkish: ton

Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of tonus, a later borrowing.

Il y a un ton entre do et ré


hymne

→ Romanian: imn n

Inherited from Middle French hymne, hynne, from Old French ymne m or f, from Latin hymnus m, from Ancient Greek ὕμνος m (húmnos).
Formerly pronounced /in/ (as still in automne, damner); the modern pronunciation under influence of the spelling.


passer

passer (infinitive)
avoir (infinitive multiword-construction)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
passant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
passé (participle past)
passe (first-person indicative present singular)
passes (indicative present second-person singular)
passe (indicative present singular third-person)
passons (first-person indicative plural present)
passez (indicative plural present second-person)
passent (indicative plural present third-person)
passais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
passais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
passait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
passions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
passiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
passaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
passai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
passas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
passa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
passâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
passâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
passèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
passerai (first-person future indicative singular)
passeras (future indicative second-person singular)
passera (future indicative singular third-person)
passerons (first-person future indicative plural)
passerez (future indicative plural second-person)
passeront (future indicative plural third-person)
passerais (conditional first-person singular)
passerais (conditional second-person singular)
passerait (conditional singular third-person)
passerions (conditional first-person plural)
passeriez (conditional plural second-person)
passeraient (conditional plural third-person)
present indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
past historic of avoir (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
future of avoir (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
passe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
passes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
passe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
passions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
passiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
passent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
passasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
passasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
passât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
passassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
passassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
passassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
passe (imperative second-person singular)
passons (first-person imperative plural)
passez (imperative plural second-person)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
simple imperative of avoir (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
être + past participle (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)

→ Alemannic German: passiere

→ German: passieren

desc

Romanian: → pasa, → trece (semantic loan)

Inherited from Middle French passer, from Old French passer, from Vulgar Latin *passāre, derived from Latin passus (“step”, noun).


canon

→ Turkish: kanon

Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.


tube

→ Romanian: tub

→ Turkish: tüp

Chacune de ses chansons était un tube.


mode

Inherited from Middle French mode, from Old French mode f, ultimately from Latin modus m. The masculine gender was reintroduced for some senses during the Middle French period under influence of the Latin. Doublet of mœuf.


soul

fr-adj

soul (feminine soule, masculine plural souls, feminine plural soules)

soule (feminine)
souls (masculine plural)
soules (feminine plural)

post-1990 spelling of soûl, itself an alternative form of saoul (“drunk”)


canard

fr-noun

canard m (plural canards, feminine cane)

→ Dutch: canard

→ English: canard

→ German: Ente (semantic loan)

→ Italian: canard

→ Portuguese: canard

→ Vietnamese: tin vịt (calque)

Inherited from Middle French canard, from Old French canart, quanart (“duck”), from cane (“female duck", also "boat”), perhaps ultimately from the same imitative root as caner (“cackle, prattle”) or from Old French cane (“boat, ship; waterbird”), from Frankish *kano, from Proto-West Germanic *kanō, from Proto-Germanic *kanô (“boat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *gan-, *gandʰ- (“vessel, tub”). + -ard, from Middle English -ard, from Old French -ard (suffix), from Frankish *-hard (“hardy, bold”), from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard”). Cognate with Middle High German -hart. More at hard.
Compare Norwegian kane (“swan-shaped vessel”), German Kahn (“boat”), Old Norse kæna (“little boat”), and possibly Old Norse knǫrr (“ship”) (whence also Late Latin canardus (“ship”), from Germanic; and Old English cnearr (“merchant ship”)). Related to French canot (“little boat”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

inh

il y a plusieurs façons de plumer un canard


carillon

→ Catalan: carilló

→ Dutch: carillon

→ English: carillon

→ German: Carillon

→ Italian: carillon

→ Portuguese: carrilhão

Inherited from Old French quarrillon, from Late Latin *quadriniōnem, from quaterniō (“group of four things”).

carillon (set of bells, often in a bell tower)


piste

→ Catalan: pista

→ Dutch: piste

→ English: piste

→ German: Piste

→ Greek: πίστα (písta)

→ Persian: پیست (pist)

→ Turkish: pist

Borrowed from Italian pista, variant of pesta (“footprint”).


coda

Borrowed from Italian coda. Doublet of queue.


diminuendo

(music) diminuendo (a dynamic mark directing that a passage is to be played gradually more softly)


pianissimo

Borrowed from Italian pianissimo (“very softly”).


pianissimo

fr-noun

pianissimo m (plural pianissimos or pianissimi)

pianissimos (plural)
pianissimi (plural)


alto

→ Persian: آلتو (âlto)


soprano

Borrowed from Italian soprano, from Vulgar Latin *superanus, from Latin super. Doublet of the inherited souverain.


chant

→ Turkish: şan

Inherited from Old French chant, from Latin cantus.


bœuf

Haitian Creole: bèf

Inherited from Middle French bœuf, from Old French buef, boef, from Latin bovem (“ox”), from Proto-Italic *gʷōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (compare English cow).
The music sense derives from the expression “faire un Bœuf”, after the Parisian cabaret-bar Le Bœuf sur le toit where jam sessions were held.

faire un bœuf


chœur

Inherited from Middle French cuer, quer, a semi-learned adaptation or borrowing (from different stages in time) from Latin chorus, from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós). Doublet of chorus.


nœud

Inherited from Old French neu, from Latin nōdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gned-, *gnod- (“to bind”). Doublet of knout.


agitato

Borrowed from Italian agitato. Doublet of agité.


jazz

Borrowed from English jazz. The compound jazband is attested in a 1918 copy of Le Matin.


quarte

quarte juste


quinte

quinte juste

quinte augmentée

quinte diminuée

fausse quinte

(music) fifth (musical interval), quintus (choir)


za

(obsolete, music) solfège syllable formerly used to represent B flat


chorus

Borrowed from Latin chorus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós). Doublet of chœur.

Willie Smith prend une série de chorus incroyables sur Hocus Pocus, tirant de son instrument des notes suraiguës qui n’existent pas sur le doigté officiel du saxophone alto.

1947, Hugues Panassié, Cinq mois à New-York, Éditions Corrêa, page 89:

(jazz music) improvisation by a soloist for part of all of a theme

(sound engineering) an audio effect used on the electric guitar to give the impression that multiple musical instruments are playing at the same time


tierce

Inherited from Old French tierce, tiers, from Latin tertia.


mordant

(music) mordent (ornament consisting of a single alternation between a given pitch and the one immediately below it)


glockenspiel

Unadapted borrowing from German Glockenspiel.


si bémol majeur

fr-noun

si bémol majeur m (plural si bémol majeur)


triple

Semi-learned term resulting from a modification, under the influence of the Latin etymology, of Old French treble, itself from Latin triplus.

une triple croche


voix

Inherited from Middle French voix, from Old French voiz, from Latin vōcem, accusative of vōx (“voice”), from Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs.


assai

Borrowed from Italian assai. Doublet of assez.


atonal

fr-adj

atonal (feminine atonale, masculine plural atonals or atonaux, feminine plural atonales)

atonale (feminine)
atonals (masculine plural)
atonaux (masculine plural)
atonales (feminine plural)


fanfare

→ Turkish: fanfar

Probably from Arabic فَرْفَار (farfār); see fanfaron (“boaster”).


harmonica

Borrowed from German Harmonika; compare harmonique.


rapper

(music) to speak (lyrics) in the style of rap music


mezzo-soprano

fr-noun

mezzo-soprano m or f by sense (plural mezzo-sopranos)


blues

(music) blues (musical genre of African American origin)


fugue

fr:Fugue
fr:Fugue (fuite du domicile familial)

→ English: fugue

→ Persian: فوگ (fug)

→ Turkish: füg

Borrowed from Latin fuga. Doublet of fougue.


solo

Borrowed from Italian solo. Doublet of seul.

(music) solo (a piece of music for one performer)


affetto

Shortened from the Italian musical direction con affetto.


fond

→ Bulgarian: фонд (fond)

→ Czech: fond

→ Dutch: fonds

→ English: fund

→ German: Fonds

→ Norwegian: fond

→ Russian: фонд (fond)

→ Scots: fond

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фо̏нд

Latin script: fȍnd

→ Swedish: fond

→ Turkish: fon

→ Ukrainian: фонд (fond)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin fundus. Doublet of fonds.


aboiement

Charlotte Arrigoni, Loïc Farge, ""Fetch!", une application pour être incollable sur les chiens", RTL, February 18 2016.
Il est aussi possible de prendre une photographie accompagnée de l’aboiement d’un chien ou de chercher un modèle dans sa bibliothèque.

It is also possible to take a picture together with the bark of a dog or to search for an example in its library.


polka

→ Ottoman Turkish: پولقه (polka)

Turkish: polka


console

desc

→ Armenian: քոնսոլ (kʻonsol), քոնցոլ (kʻoncʻol) — Constantinople

→ Catalan: consola

→ English: console

→ German: Konsole

→ Greek: κονσόλα (konsóla)

→ Ottoman Turkish: قونسول (konsol)

→ Turkish: konsol

→ Polish: konsola

Probably a shortened from consolateur, denoting the same architectural element, ultimately from consoler (“to console, to comfort”).

(music) upper part of the harp holding the chords, or the controlling interface of a pipe organ


raï

→ English: raï

→ German: Raï

Borrowed from Algerian Arabic راي (rāy, “opinion”), from Arabic رَأْي (raʔy, “opinion”).

bor+

(music) raï (form of music originating from Algeria)


bois

fr-noun

bois m (countable and uncountable, plural bois)

Inherited from Middle French boys, from Old French bois, from Early Medieval Latin boscus, borrowed from Frankish *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.

etymon

croix de bois, croix de fer, si je mens, je vais en enfer

Coordinate term: cuivre


oratorio

Borrowed from Italian oratorio. Doublet of oratoire.


charivari

→ Catalan: xivarri

desc

→ English: charivari, shivaree, chivaree, chivari

→ German: Charivari

Inherited from Old French chalivali (“noise from pots and pans”), from Late Latin caribaria, from carivaria, from Ancient Greek καρηβάρεια (karēbáreia, “headache”, from κάρη (kárē, “head”) + βαρύς (barús, “heavy”)).

der

Mettez dix personnes d’intelligence suffisante devant un tableau d’aspect neuf et original, et ces personnes, à elles dix, ne feront plus qu’un grand enfant ; elles se pousseront du coude, elles commenteront l’œuvre de la façon la plus comique du monde. Les badauds arriveront à la file, grossissant le groupe ; bientôt ce sera un véritable charivari, un accès de folie bête.

1893, Émile Zola, “Le public”, in Édouard Manet, étude biographique et critique, page 365:

Put ten people of sufficient intelligence in front of a new- and original-looking painting, and those ten people will act like children; they will elbow each other, and comment on the painting in the most ridiculous way imaginable. Passers-by will flock to them and make the group bigger; soon there will be absolute mayhem, a bout of mindless folly.

(by extension) racket, banging in general, rumpus


impromptu

Univerbation of the Latin adverbial locution in prōmptū (“ready, at hand”).

Quand je faisais mentalement des réserves sur Fauré, celles-ci portaient sur les Barcarolles, les Nocturnes et les Impromptus.

When I had reservations in my mind about Fauré, they concerned his barcarolles, his nocturnes and his impromptus.


chevalet

(lutherie) bridge (of guitar, violin, etc.)


nocturne

→ English: nocturne


chanter

chanter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
chantant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
chanté (participle past)
chante (first-person indicative present singular)
ʃɑ̃t (first-person indicative present singular)
chantes (indicative present second-person singular)
chante (indicative present singular third-person)
chantons (first-person indicative plural present)
chantez (indicative plural present second-person)
chantent (indicative plural present third-person)
chantais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chantais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chantait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chantions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chantiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chantaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chantai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
chantas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
chanta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
chantâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
chantâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
chantèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
chanterai (first-person future indicative singular)
chanteras (future indicative second-person singular)
chantera (future indicative singular third-person)
chanterons (first-person future indicative plural)
chanterez (future indicative plural second-person)
chanteront (future indicative plural third-person)
chanterais (conditional first-person singular)
chanterais (conditional second-person singular)
chanterait (conditional singular third-person)
chanterions (conditional first-person plural)
chanteriez (conditional plural second-person)
chanteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
chante (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ʃɑ̃t (first-person present singular subjunctive)
chantes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
chante (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chantions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chantiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chantent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chantasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
chantasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
chantât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
chantassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chantassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chantassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
chante (imperative second-person singular)
chantons (first-person imperative plural)
chantez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Dutch: chanteren

Inherited from Middle French chanter, from Old French chanter, from Latin cantāre.

chanter comme une casserole

chanter comme une seringue

chanter comme un rossignol


corde

Inherited from Middle French corde, from Old French corde, borrowed from Latin chorda (“gut”), from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string of gut, cord”).

parler de corde dans la maison d’un pendu


playback

Pseudo-anglicism, derived from playback.

(music, North America) playback (replaying of recorded sound or moving images)

Elle a chanté sa dernière chanson en playback.

(music, singing, Europe) lip-syncing, lip-synching


cocorico

Mais tout à coup, le coq gaulois claironne: Cocorico, debout petits soldats!

1916, “Verdun, on ne passe pas!”, performed by Eugène Joullot and Jack Cazoll:

But out of the blue, the Gallic rooster trumpets: cock-a-doodle-do, arise little soldiers!


bugle

Borrowed from English bugle, itself from Anglo-Norman and Old French bugle, from Latin buculus.


bugle

Inherited from Old French bugle, probably borrowed from Medieval Latin bugula, probably related to Late Latin bugillō (cf. bouillon).


mugir

mugir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
mugissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
mugi (participle past)
mugis (first-person indicative present singular)
mugis (indicative present second-person singular)
mugit (indicative present singular third-person)
mugissons (first-person indicative plural present)
mugissez (indicative plural present second-person)
mugissent (indicative plural present third-person)
mugissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mugissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mugissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mugissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mugissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mugissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mugis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
mugis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
mugit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
mugîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
mugîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
mugirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
mugirai (first-person future indicative singular)
mugiras (future indicative second-person singular)
mugira (future indicative singular third-person)
mugirons (first-person future indicative plural)
mugirez (future indicative plural second-person)
mugiront (future indicative plural third-person)
mugirais (conditional first-person singular)
mugirais (conditional second-person singular)
mugirait (conditional singular third-person)
mugirions (conditional first-person plural)
mugiriez (conditional plural second-person)
mugiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
mugisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mugisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mugisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mugissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mugissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mugissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mugisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mugisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mugît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mugissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mugissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mugissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mugis (imperative second-person singular)
mugissons (first-person imperative plural)
mugissez (imperative plural second-person)

Alteration of the inherited Old French muir, muire, based on the original etymology, Latin mūgīre

Entends mugir les vaches.

Entendez-vous dans les campagnes / Mugir ces féroces soldats ?

1792, Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle (lyrics and music), “La Marseillaise”:

Do you hear, in the countryside / The roar of those ferocious soldiers?


miaou

From earlier miault, myault, of onomatopoeic origin.


ronronner

ronronner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ronronnant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
ronronné (participle past)
ronronne (first-person indicative present singular)
ronronnes (indicative present second-person singular)
ronronne (indicative present singular third-person)
ronronnons (first-person indicative plural present)
ronronnez (indicative plural present second-person)
ronronnent (indicative plural present third-person)
ronronnais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ronronnais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ronronnait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ronronnions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ronronniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ronronnaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ronronnai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ronronnas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
ronronna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ronronnâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ronronnâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ronronnèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
ronronnerai (first-person future indicative singular)
ronronneras (future indicative second-person singular)
ronronnera (future indicative singular third-person)
ronronnerons (first-person future indicative plural)
ronronnerez (future indicative plural second-person)
ronronneront (future indicative plural third-person)
ronronnerais (conditional first-person singular)
ronronnerais (conditional second-person singular)
ronronnerait (conditional singular third-person)
ronronnerions (conditional first-person plural)
ronronneriez (conditional plural second-person)
ronronneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ronronne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ronronnes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ronronne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ronronnions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ronronniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ronronnent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ronronnasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ronronnasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ronronnât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ronronnassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ronronnassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ronronnassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ronronne (imperative second-person singular)
ronronnons (first-person imperative plural)
ronronnez (imperative plural second-person)


anche

Borrowed from Old High German ancha (“leg, shin”), influenced by regional anche (“faucet”), ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *ankijǭ (“joint, limb”). Related to hanche (“hip”).


ouïe

Deverbal of ouïr, corresponding to Latin audīta < audītus. Compare Occitan ausida, Catalan oïda, Spanish oído, Portuguese ouvido, Italian udito, Romansch udida, Friulian uldide.


coulisse

→ Catalan: colís

→ Dutch: coulisse

→ English: coulisse

→ German: Kulisse

→ Polish: kulisa

→ Crimean Tatar: kulisa

→ Hungarian: kulissza

→ Spanish: colisa

→ Swedish: kuliss

(music, lutherie, bowmaking) underslide, underslide channel


partition

→ Turkish: partisyon

Inherited from Old French particion, from Latin partītiōnem. By surface analysis, partir + -tion.

(music) a score, often comprising all parts


cuivre

fr-noun

cuivre m (countable and uncountable, plural cuivres)

Inherited from Old French cuivre, quivre, queivre, coivre, from Latin Cyprium, cupreum (aes) (compare cuprum) from Ancient Greek Κῠ́προς (Kŭ́pros, “Cyprus”). It was not uncommon for Greek short ῠ (pronounced in Classical Attic as /y/) to be adapted as Latin short ŭ. This would normally yield Proto-Western-Romance *[o], but a following palatal sound apparently could cause *[o] to be raised to *[u] (or alternatively, the original close quality of Latin short ŭ to be retained) early enough for the sound change of Proto-Western-Romance *[u] > Old French [y] to apply, yielding the now standard form with ⟨ui⟩ (Old French [yj], modern French [ɥi]). Compare truite from Late Latin tructa, puits from Latin puteus, and huis from Latin ōstium. (But ⟨oi⟩ is seen in forms such as rasoir < rasōrium). Compare the development of ēbrius to French ivre (as opposed to *oivre). A competing explanation supposes a sporadic lowering of Latin ŭ to ŏ (yielding *coprium) or of Western Romance *o to *ɔ, since *ɔ was regularly diphthongized to *uɔ before a palatal and the resulting triphthong *uɔi was simplified to Old French ui (compare corium > cuir).

der

Coordinate term: bois


articulation

→ Turkish: artikülasyon

Learned borrowing from Latin articulātiō. By surface analysis, articuler + -ation.

lbor

(music) articulation (manner in which a note or a group of notes is played)


reggae

From Jamaican Creole rege (“rags; a quarrel”), see rag.


C.

Abbreviation of grosse caisse (“bass drum”).


Tuba

(music) Abbreviation of tuba basse (“bass tuba”).


vibrato

Borrowed from Italian vibrato m, past participle of vibrare (“to vibrate”), cognate with vibré m.


EDM

electronic dance music
electronic dance music#English

(music) Initialism of electronic dance music.


percussion

→ Turkish: perküsyon


quintuple

une quintuple croche

hundred twenty-eighth note
hundred twenty-eighth note


tampon

English: tampon

Persian: تامپون (tâmpon)

German: Tampon

Dutch: tampon

Italian: tampone

Japanese: タンポン (tanpon)

Korean: 탐폰 (tampon)

Portuguese: tampão

Russian: тампо́н (tampón)

Spanish: tampón

Nasalized variant of tapon, from Frankish *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“plug, tap”), cognate with Dutch tappe, German Zapfen, Old English tæppa, English tap.

Tampons spéciaux montés sur plaques aluminium pour saxophone alto à tampons vissés.

plug, stopper
(music) pad (for a flute, saxophone)

plug, stopper
pad (for a flute, saxophone)


chorale

(singing) chorus (group of people in a play or performance who recite together), a choir


moulin

Inherited from Middle French moulin, from Old French molin, from Late Latin molīnum, from the adjective molīnus, from Latin molō.


Tr.

(music) Abbreviation of trompette (“trumpet”).


triton

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin tritonus, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek τρίτονος (trítonos). By surface analysis, tri- + ton.


microphone

→ Romanian: microfon

→ Turkish: mikrofon


cor anglais

→ Greek: κορ ανγκλέ (kor angklé)

/kɔ.ʁ‿ɑ̃.ɡlɛ/

Calque of Middle High German engellisches horn (“angelic horn”), by misunderstanding.


chaîne

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-chaîne.wav

Inherited from Middle French chaisne, from Old French chaene, chaiene, caiene, inherited from Latin catēna. Doublet of cadène and catène. The long vowel derives from the Old French hiatus; by analogy the length was expressed with a silent -s- in Middle French, which was then replaced with the circumflex.


chanterelle

(music) chanterelle (highest string of the violin or similar instrument)


crooner

crooner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
croonant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
crooné (participle past)
croone (first-person indicative present singular)
croones (indicative present second-person singular)
croone (indicative present singular third-person)
croonons (first-person indicative plural present)
croonez (indicative plural present second-person)
croonent (indicative plural present third-person)
croonais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
croonais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
croonait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
croonions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
crooniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
croonaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
croonai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
croonas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
croona (historic indicative past singular third-person)
croonâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
croonâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
croonèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
croonerai (first-person future indicative singular)
crooneras (future indicative second-person singular)
croonera (future indicative singular third-person)
croonerons (first-person future indicative plural)
croonerez (future indicative plural second-person)
crooneront (future indicative plural third-person)
croonerais (conditional first-person singular)
croonerais (conditional second-person singular)
croonerait (conditional singular third-person)
croonerions (conditional first-person plural)
crooneriez (conditional plural second-person)
crooneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
croone (first-person present singular subjunctive)
croones (present second-person singular subjunctive)
croone (present singular subjunctive third-person)
croonions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
crooniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
croonent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
croonasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
croonasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
croonât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
croonassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
croonassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
croonassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
croone (imperative second-person singular)
croonons (first-person imperative plural)
croonez (imperative plural second-person)


baguette

→ Czech: bageta

→ Danish: baguette

→ English: baguette

→ German: Baguette

→ Greek: μπαγκέτα (bagkéta)

→ Hebrew: בגט (bagét)

→ Korean: 바게트 (bageteu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bagett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bagett

→ Polish: bagietka

→ Portuguese: baguete

→ Romanian: baghetă

→ Russian: баге́т (bagét)

→ Spanish: baguette

→ Swedish: baguette

→ Turkish: baget

desc

→ Ukrainian: баге́т (bahét), баґе́та (bagéta)

Ringo est un maître des baguettes.
Ringo is a drumstick master.

Assis en rond dans la cour, nous jouons du tambour.
Assis en rond dans la cour, nous jouons du tambour.
Ses baguettes font tacatamtam.
Tes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Mes baguettes, mes baguettes, mes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Ses baguettes font tacatamtam.
Tes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Mes baguettes, mes baguettes, mes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Tacatamtam.

Sitting in a circle in the yard, we play the drum.
Sitting in a circle in the yard, we play the drum.
Their drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Your drumsticks go tacatamtam.
My drumsticks, my drumsticks, my drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Their drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Your drumsticks go tacatamtam.
My drumsticks, my drumsticks, my drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Tacatamtam.


ensemble

→ Danish: ensemble

→ Dutch: ensemble

→ English: ensemble

→ German: Ensemble

→ Norwegian: ensemble

→ Portuguese: ensemble

→ Serbo-Croatian: ansambl

→ Spanish: ensemble

→ Swedish: ensemble

From Latin īnsimul, a variant of simul See also Italian insieme, Catalan ensems.


contretemps

From contre- + temps, by calque of Italian contrattempo.

à contretemps


garniture

Inherited from Middle French garniture, from Old French garneture, garnesture, from Old French garnir. Compare Anglo-Norman warnesture, warniture, whence Middle English warnestore, warnestoure.

(music, lutherie, bowmaking) lapping, winding


jammer

jammer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
jammant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
jammé (participle past)
jamme (first-person indicative present singular)
jammes (indicative present second-person singular)
jamme (indicative present singular third-person)
jammons (first-person indicative plural present)
jammez (indicative plural present second-person)
jamment (indicative plural present third-person)
jammais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
jammais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
jammait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
jammions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
jammiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
jammaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
jammai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
jammas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
jamma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
jammâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
jammâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
jammèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
jammerai (first-person future indicative singular)
jammeras (future indicative second-person singular)
jammera (future indicative singular third-person)
jammerons (first-person future indicative plural)
jammerez (future indicative plural second-person)
jammeront (future indicative plural third-person)
jammerais (conditional first-person singular)
jammerais (conditional second-person singular)
jammerait (conditional singular third-person)
jammerions (conditional first-person plural)
jammeriez (conditional plural second-person)
jammeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
jamme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
jammes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
jamme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
jammions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
jammiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
jamment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
jammasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
jammasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
jammât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
jammassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
jammassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
jammassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
jamme (imperative second-person singular)
jammons (first-person imperative plural)
jammez (imperative plural second-person)

(music, notably jazz) to jam; have a jam session


dissonance

→ German: Dissonanz

→ Polish: dysonans

Learned borrowing from Late Latin dissonantia.

lbor

(music) dissonance (conflicting notes that are not overtones of the note or chord sounding)


modulation

Learned borrowing from Latin modulātiō. By surface analysis, moduler + -ation.


inaudible

(derogatory) unlistenable (very unpleasant to listen to)


âme

Inherited from Middle French ame, amme, from Old French ame, anme, anima, from Latin anima.


bourdon

Inherited from Middle French bourdon (“honeybee, bumblebee”), from Old French bordon (“bumblebee, drone, beetle, insect”), from Medieval Latin burdō (c. C.E. 1000), first recorded in the Homilies of King Ælfric, glossed by Old English dora (“bumblebee”). Of uncertain origin. Possibly from Frankish *boʀdō, *buʀdō (“beetle, insect”), from Proto-Germanic *buzdô (“beetle, grub”, literally “swelling”), from *būs- (“to erupt, burst, flow rapidly”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰūs- (“to move quickly”), related to Old English budda (“beetle”), Middle Low German buddech (“thick, swollen”), Low German budde (“louse, grub”). See bug.

der

c. <small class='ce-date'>C.E.</small> 1000


diapason

fr-noun

diapason m (countable and uncountable, plural diapasons)

→ Portuguese: diapasão

Borrowed from Latin diapason, from Ancient Greek διαπασῶν (diapasôn), that is διά (diá, “through”) + πασῶν (pasôn, “all”) (χορδῶν (khordôn, “notes”)), “through all (notes)”.


tam-tam

tam-tam m (plural tam-tams or tams-tams)


reprise

repetition, reiteration
(music) a reprise

repetition, reiteration
(music) a cover, cover version

repetition, reiteration
a cover, cover version


troubadour

troubadour m (plural troubadours, feminine troubadouresse or trobairitz)

troubadours (plural)
troubadouresse (feminine)
trobairitz (feminine)

Borrowed from Old Occitan trobador (< trobar (“to find”)) via Old French troubadour. Corresponds to the native French trouveur.


timbale

→ Portuguese: timbale

Alteration of tamballe (as though formed from cimbale + timbre), from Old Occitan tambala, from Arabic طَبْل (ṭabl).


tympan

Borrowed from Latin tympanum. Doublet of timbre, which was inherited.

(dated or literary, music) various percussion instruments, such as gongs, tympans, tambourines, etc.


chiffre

→ German: Chiffre

→ Czech: šifra, cifra

→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)

Turkish: şifre

→ Polish: szyfr

→ Russian: шифр (šifr)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра

Latin script: šȉfra, cȉfra

From Medieval Latin cifra (“zero”), from Andalusian Arabic صِفر (ṣifr, “empty”). Doublet of zéro.


drummer

drummer m or f by sense (plural drummers, feminine drummeuse)


symphonie

→ Khmer: ស៊ីមហ្វូនី (siimfounii)

→ Persian: سمفونی (samfoni)

→ Romanian: simfonie

desc

sìmfōnija//сѝмфо̄нија

→ Serbo-Croatian: sìmfōnija /сѝмфо̄нија

→ Turkish: senfoni

Borrowed from Latin symphōnia, from Ancient Greek συμφωνία (sumphōnía). Doublet of chifonie.


syncope

Borrowed from Ancient Greek συγκοπή (sunkopḗ).


cancanement

From cancaner (“to gossip; to quack”) + -ment.


couplet

→ Dutch: couplet

→ English: couplet

→ German: Couplet

→ Spanish: cuplé

→ Russian: купле́т (kuplét)


musette

Inherited from Middle French musette, Old French musette (“type of bagpipe”), from muse (“bagpipe”) + -ette (diminutive suffix). Muse is a deverbal of muser (“to play the bagpipe; (figuratively) to flatter”), perhaps from musel (“muzzle (protruding part of an animal’s head)”) (alluding to a bagpipe player puffing out the cheeks), from Late Latin mūsus (“muzzle”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps expressive of protruding lips and/or influenced by Latin mūgiō (“to bellow, low, moo”), from Proto-Indo-European *mug-, *mūg- (onomatopoeia of the lowing of cattle).


pincer

pincer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pinçant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pincé (participle past)
pince (first-person indicative present singular)
pinces (indicative present second-person singular)
pince (indicative present singular third-person)
pinçons (first-person indicative plural present)
pincez (indicative plural present second-person)
pincent (indicative plural present third-person)
pinçais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pinçais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pinçait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pincions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pinciez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pinçaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pinçai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pinças (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pinça (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pinçâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pinçâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pincèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
pincerai (first-person future indicative singular)
pinceras (future indicative second-person singular)
pincera (future indicative singular third-person)
pincerons (first-person future indicative plural)
pincerez (future indicative plural second-person)
pinceront (future indicative plural third-person)
pincerais (conditional first-person singular)
pincerais (conditional second-person singular)
pincerait (conditional singular third-person)
pincerions (conditional first-person plural)
pinceriez (conditional plural second-person)
pinceraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pince (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pinces (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pince (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pincions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pinciez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pincent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pinçasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pinçasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pinçât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pinçassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pinçassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pinçassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pince (imperative second-person singular)
pinçons (first-person imperative plural)
pincez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French pincier, pincer (“to pinch”).

(music) to pluck (a stringed instrument)


juste

Inherited from Old French juste, in this form probably borrowed from Latin iūstus, jūstus, from Proto-Italic *jowestos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-. The Old French form just may have been inherited, however, and perhaps later modified based on the Latin.

quinte juste

quarte juste


frapper

frapper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
frappant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
frappé (participle past)
frappe (first-person indicative present singular)
frappes (indicative present second-person singular)
frappe (indicative present singular third-person)
frappons (first-person indicative plural present)
frappez (indicative plural present second-person)
frappent (indicative plural present third-person)
frappais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
frappais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
frappait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
frappions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
frappiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
frappaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
frappai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
frappas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
frappa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
frappâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
frappâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
frappèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
frapperai (first-person future indicative singular)
frapperas (future indicative second-person singular)
frappera (future indicative singular third-person)
frapperons (first-person future indicative plural)
frapperez (future indicative plural second-person)
frapperont (future indicative plural third-person)
frapperais (conditional first-person singular)
frapperais (conditional second-person singular)
frapperait (conditional singular third-person)
frapperions (conditional first-person plural)
frapperiez (conditional plural second-person)
frapperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
frappe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
frappes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
frappe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
frappions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
frappiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
frappent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
frappasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
frappasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
frappât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
frappassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
frappassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
frappassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
frappe (imperative second-person singular)
frappons (first-person imperative plural)
frappez (imperative plural second-person)

→ German: frappieren

→ Polish: frapować

Inherited from Middle French frapper, from Old French fraper, frapper (“to deliver a blow to someone, hit, strike”), from Frankish *hrapōn (“to snatch, scuffle”), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną, *hrapjaną (“to touch, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krep-, *(s)kreb- (“to scratch, engrave”). Cognate with Old High German hraffōn (“to take over, seize”) (whence German raffen (“to gather up, heap”)), Old English hreppan (“to touch, treat”), Old Norse hrappa (“to handle roughly”), North Frisian rippe (“to move, stir”).
For the Romance substitution of [fr] for Germanic [xr] compare also freux, froc, frimas, etc.


échelle

Inherited from Old French eschale, inherited from Latin scāla. Doublet of escale.


étude

→ Danish: etude

→ Dutch: etude

→ English: etude

→ Polish: etiuda

desctree

→ Russian: этю́д (etjúd), этю́дъ (etjúd) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: этюд (étüd)
→ Uzbek: etyud

→ Turkish: etüt

From Old French estude, borrowed from Latin studium.

(music) etude (short piece of music for special practice)


amoroso

From Italian amoroso. Doublet of amoureux.


tessiture

Borrowed from Italian tessitura. Doublet of texture.

Coordinate term: ambitus

(music) tessitura (the most acceptable and comfortable vocal range for a given singer; the range in which a given type of voice presents its best-sounding timbre)


trompette

→ Portuguese: trompete, trompeta

Debout devant la fenêtre, nous jouons de la trompette.
Debout devant la fenêtre, nous jouons de la trompette.
Sa trompette fait taratata.
Ta trompette fait taratata.
Ma trompette, ma trompette, ma trompette fait taratata.
Sa trompette fait taratata.
Ta trompette fait taratata.
Ma trompette, ma trompette, ma trompette fait taratata.

Standing in front of the window, we play the trumpet.
Standing in front of the window, we play the trumpet.
Their trumpet goes taratata.
Your trumpet goes taratata.
My trumpet, my trumpet, my trumpet goes taratata.
Their trumpet goes taratata.
Your trumpet goes taratata.
My trumpet, my trumpet, my trumpet goes taratata.


cornemuse

Italian: cornamusa

Spanish: cornamusa

From Old French corner (“sound a horn”) + muser (“play the bagpipe”).


volute

(music, lutherie) scroll (of a musical instrument)


disque

→ English: disc

→ Norman: disque

→ Persian: دیسک (disk)

→ Romanian: disc

→ Turkish: disk

Borrowed from Latin discus. Doublet of dais, which was inherited from Old French deis, dois.

disc (any flat or nearly flat circular object)


roulade

→ Danish: roulade

→ English: roulade

→ German: Roulade

→ Polish: rolada


harmonium

→ English: harmonium

→ German: Harmonium

→ Polish: harmonium

→ Turkish: harmonyum, armonyum

Coined by French inventor Alexandre Debain in 1840, based on harmonie.


Marseillaise

the Marseillaise (French national anthem)


vuvuzela

Borrowed from English vuvuzela, from Zulu vuvuzela (“to make a vu vu noise”), from the /vuː/ sound the horns make.


soupir

Deverbal from soupirer (Old French sopir, sospir), or possibly from Latin suspirium.


portée

From feminine past participle of porter (“to carry”).


brioso

Borrowed from Italian brioso (“lively”).


crapaud

→ English: crapaud

→ Guyanese Creole English: crappo

→ English: crappo

Inherited from Middle French crapaud, from Old French crapaut, crapot (“frog, toad”), from Frankish *krappō, *krappa (“hook, claw”) (because of a toad's hooked feet) + -aud. Compare Catalan gripau, Occitan grapaut. Displaced Old French froiz (“toad”), from Old Norse frauðr (“frog”).

la bave du crapaud n’atteint pas la blanche colombe


glisser

glisser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
glissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
glissé (participle past)
glisse (first-person indicative present singular)
glisses (indicative present second-person singular)
glisse (indicative present singular third-person)
glissons (first-person indicative plural present)
glissez (indicative plural present second-person)
glissent (indicative plural present third-person)
glissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
glissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
glissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
glissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
glissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
glissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
glissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
glissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
glissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
glissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
glissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
glissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
glisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
glisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
glissera (future indicative singular third-person)
glisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
glisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
glisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
glisserais (conditional first-person singular)
glisserais (conditional second-person singular)
glisserait (conditional singular third-person)
glisserions (conditional first-person plural)
glisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
glisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
glisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
glisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
glisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
glissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
glissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
glissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
glissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
glissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
glissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
glissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
glissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
glissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
glisse (imperative second-person singular)
glissons (first-person imperative plural)
glissez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Italian: glissare

→ Portuguese: glissar

→ Romanian: glisa

From Middle French glisser, from Old French glicier (“to slip, slide, glide”), from a merger of Old French glacier (“to slip, slide”) and Old French gliier, glier (“to slip, slide, glide”), from Frankish *glīdan (“to slide, glide”), from Proto-Germanic *glīdaną (“to glide, slide”). More at glide.


morceau

→ English: morceau

Inherited from Middle French morceau, from Old French morsel (whence also English morsel), from Early Medieval Latin morsellum (“a bit, a little piece”), diminutive of Latin morsum (“a bit”), neuter of morsus, past participle of mordeō, mordēre (“bite, nibble, gnaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)merd- (“to rub, wipe; to pack, rob”).

der

manger le morceau


batterie

→ Catalan: bateria

desctree

→ Danish: batteri
→ Greenlandic: batteri

→ Dutch: batterij (see there for further descendants)

→ English: batterie

→ Galician: batería

→ German: Batterie

→ Polish: bateria

→ Portuguese: bateria

→ Romanian: baterie

→ Spanish: batería

→ Swedish: batteri

→ Persian: باطری (bâtri)

→ Turkish: bateri

From Old French baterie, from batre (“to hit”).

(music) percussion, drum kit, battery/batterie


point d'orgue

point d’ orgue (canonical masculine)
points d’orgue (plural)

→ Dutch: orgelpunt (calque)

/pwɛ̃ d‿ɔʁɡ/


orgue

→ Persian: ارگ (org)

Borrowed from Latin organum, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon). Doublet of organe, a later borrowing.


batteur

fr-noun

batteur m (plural batteurs, feminine batteuse)


gronder

gronder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
grondant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
grondé (participle past)
gronde (first-person indicative present singular)
grondes (indicative present second-person singular)
gronde (indicative present singular third-person)
grondons (first-person indicative plural present)
grondez (indicative plural present second-person)
grondent (indicative plural present third-person)
grondais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
grondais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
grondait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grondions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
grondiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
grondaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
grondai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
grondas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
gronda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grondâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
grondâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
grondèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
gronderai (first-person future indicative singular)
gronderas (future indicative second-person singular)
grondera (future indicative singular third-person)
gronderons (first-person future indicative plural)
gronderez (future indicative plural second-person)
gronderont (future indicative plural third-person)
gronderais (conditional first-person singular)
gronderais (conditional second-person singular)
gronderait (conditional singular third-person)
gronderions (conditional first-person plural)
gronderiez (conditional plural second-person)
gronderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
gronde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
grondes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gronde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grondions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
grondiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
grondent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
grondasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
grondasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
grondât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
grondassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
grondassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
grondassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
gronde (imperative second-person singular)
grondons (first-person imperative plural)
grondez (imperative plural second-person)

From Latin grundīre (“to grunt”), a form of grunnīre.


viole

Inherited from Old French [Term?], probably from Old Occitan viola (modern Occitan viula), from Medieval Latin *vitula (“stringed instrument”). Compare Italian viola.


craquer

craquer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
craquant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
craqué (participle past)
craque (first-person indicative present singular)
craques (indicative present second-person singular)
craque (indicative present singular third-person)
craquons (first-person indicative plural present)
craquez (indicative plural present second-person)
craquent (indicative plural present third-person)
craquais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
craquais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
craquait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
craquions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
craquiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
craquaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
craquai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
craquas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
craqua (historic indicative past singular third-person)
craquâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
craquâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
craquèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
craquerai (first-person future indicative singular)
craqueras (future indicative second-person singular)
craquera (future indicative singular third-person)
craquerons (first-person future indicative plural)
craquerez (future indicative plural second-person)
craqueront (future indicative plural third-person)
craquerais (conditional first-person singular)
craquerais (conditional second-person singular)
craquerait (conditional singular third-person)
craquerions (conditional first-person plural)
craqueriez (conditional plural second-person)
craqueraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
craque (first-person present singular subjunctive)
craques (present second-person singular subjunctive)
craque (present singular subjunctive third-person)
craquions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
craquiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
craquent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
craquasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
craquasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
craquât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
craquassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
craquassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
craquassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
craque (imperative second-person singular)
craquons (first-person imperative plural)
craquez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French craquer, from Middle Dutch kraken (“to crack, crackle”), from Old Dutch *krakōn, from Frankish *krakōn, from Proto-Germanic *krakōną (“to crack, crackle, shriek”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerg- (“to crow, shout”).
Cognate with Old High German krahhōn, Old English cracian. More at crack.

(intransitive) to crack, to creak, to crunch


frou-frou

→ English: frou-frou

→ Portuguese: frufru

→ Spanish: frufrú

onomatopoeic

Imitative

a frou-frou; a rustling sound, as of silk fabric


accordéon

→ Danish: akkordeon

→ Norman: accordéon

→ Polish: akordeon

→ Portuguese: acordeão, acordeom

→ Russian: аккордео́н (akkordeón) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: acordeyon, akordiyon

Borrowed from German Akkordeon, from Akkord (“harmony”), itself from French accord, from Old French acorder, based on Italian accordare (“to tune”).

Je suis seul, je suis triste.
Tout est noir.
Ici, je n’ai pas d’amis.
Je n’ai pas de musique.
Je n’ai pas de chanson.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.


terreur

→? Dutch: terreur
→ Indonesian: teror

desc

→ Persian: ترور (teror, “assassination”)

→ Romanian: teroare f

Inherited from Middle French terreur f, from Old French terreur f, itself borrowed from Latin terror m.


clavier

→ English: clavier

desctree

→ German: Klavier, Clavier (pre-1901)
→ Czech: klavír
→ Kashubian: klawir
→ Lower Sorbian: klawěr
→ Romanian: clavir (dated, rare)
→ Serbo-Croatian: klavir
→ Slovene: klavir
→ Upper Sorbian: klawěr

→ Portuguese: cravo

→ Swedish: klaver

→ Turkish: klavye

Formed from the root of Latin clāvis (whence French clef), with the suffix -ier. Cf. also Medieval Latin clāvārius.


orchestre

→ Azerbaijani: orkestr

→ Czech: orchestr

→ Danish: orkester

→ Dutch: orkest
Afrikaans: orkes
→ Indonesian: orkes
→ West Frisian: orkest

→ Georgian: ორკესტრი (orḳesṭri)

→ German: Orchester
→ Estonian: orkester
→ Kashubian: orkestra

→ Norwegian: orkester

→ Persian: ارکستر (orkestr)

→ Macedonian: оркестар (orkestar)

→ Romanian: orchestră

→ Russian: оркестр (orkestr)
→ Kazakh: оркестр (orkestr)

→ Serbo-Croatian: orkestar / оркестар

→ Swedish: orkester
→ Finnish: orkesteri

→ Uzbek: orkestr

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra). The word was feminine (like its etymon) until the 18th century.


coasser

coasser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
coassant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
coassé (participle past)
coasse (first-person indicative present singular)
coasses (indicative present second-person singular)
coasse (indicative present singular third-person)
coassons (first-person indicative plural present)
coassez (indicative plural present second-person)
coassent (indicative plural present third-person)
coassais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
coassais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
coassait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
coassions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
coassiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
coassaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
coassai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
coassas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
coassa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
coassâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
coassâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
coassèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
coasserai (first-person future indicative singular)
coasseras (future indicative second-person singular)
coassera (future indicative singular third-person)
coasserons (first-person future indicative plural)
coasserez (future indicative plural second-person)
coasseront (future indicative plural third-person)
coasserais (conditional first-person singular)
coasserais (conditional second-person singular)
coasserait (conditional singular third-person)
coasserions (conditional first-person plural)
coasseriez (conditional plural second-person)
coasseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
coasse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
coasses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
coasse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
coassions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
coassiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
coassent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
coassasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
coassasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
coassât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
coassassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
coassassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
coassassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
coasse (imperative second-person singular)
coassons (first-person imperative plural)
coassez (imperative plural second-person)


bouzouki

Borrowed from Greek μπουζούκι (bouzoúki), from Turkish bozuk.


chalumeau

→ English: chalumeau

desc

→ North Levantine Arabic: شلمونة (šalimōne)

→ Turkish: şalümo

Inherited from Old French chalemel, from Late Latin calamellus, diminutive of Latin calamus (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”). Doublet of caramel.


sextuple

une sextuple croche

two hundred fifty-sixth note
two hundred fifty-sixth note


flûte

→ Italian: flute, flûte

→ Luxembourgish: Flütt

→ Walloon: flûte

→ Volapük: flut (possibly)

From Old French fleüte, from Old Occitan flaut. The contraction of the Old French hiatus created a long vowel in Middle French, which is indicated by the modern circumflex.


marteau

Inherited from Middle French marteau m, from a back-formation from Old French marteaus (ca. 1140), plural of martel, from Late Latin martellus, from martulus, variant form of marculus, diminutive of Latin marcus, or from malleus.


chanteur

fr-adj

chanteur (feminine chanteuse, masculine plural chanteurs, feminine plural chanteuses)

chanteuse (feminine)
chanteurs (masculine plural)
chanteuses (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French chanteor (oblique form), from Latin cantōrem, equivalent to French chanter + -eur; compare also chantre, derived from the Latin nominative. Alternatively, from a Latin cantator, cantatorem.


chanteur

fr-noun

chanteur m (plural chanteurs, feminine chanteuse)

→ Turkish: şantör


flageolet

From Old French flajol (“flute”) + diminutive -et; probably from Vulgar Latin *flabeolum (“flute”), from Latin flāre (“to blow”).


flageolet

Borrowed from Italian fagiolo (“bean”), from Latin phaseolus (“bean”), diminutive form of phasēlus, from Ancient Greek φάσηλος (phásēlos, “bean”).

der

A type of small light green kidney-shaped bean, common in France.


rondeau

From Old French rondel, diminutive of ront.


sixte

→ English: sixte

Inherited from Middle French sixte, from Old French siste, sixte, modification of sexte (“sixth”) (a borrowing from Latin sextus) after sis (“six”).


tyrolienne

→ Spanish: tirolina


affettuoso

Borrowed from Italian affettuoso. Doublet of affectueux.


basse

Borrowed from Italian basso; homophony with Etymology 1 led to reinterpretation as a feminine, specifically as an ellipsis of la voix basse (“the low voice”).

(music) bass (a singer of the bass melodies)


gamme

→ Persian: گام (gâm)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin gamma. Doublet of gamma.

faire ses gammes

to play one's scales, to do one's scales

En musique, une gamme est un ensemble de sons, appelés degrés, formant le cadre dans lequel se bâtit une œuvre musicale.

In music, a scale is a set of sounds, called degrees, forming the framework in which a musical work is constructed.


solfège

→ Bulgarian: солфеж (solfež)

→ English: solfège

→ Finnish: solfeesi

→ Galician: solfexo

→ Japanese: ソルフェージュ (sorufēju)

→ Korean: 솔페주 (solpeju)

→ Latvian: solfēža

→ Lithuanian: solfežas

→ Persian:

Iranian Persian: سلفژ (solfež)

→ Polish: solfeż

→ Portuguese: solfejo

→ Turkish: solfej

(singing) the art of singing using the sol-fa system


iodler

iodler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
iodlant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
iodlé (participle past)
iodle (first-person indicative present singular)
iodles (indicative present second-person singular)
iodle (indicative present singular third-person)
iodlons (first-person indicative plural present)
iodlez (indicative plural present second-person)
iodlent (indicative plural present third-person)
iodlais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
iodlais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
iodlait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
iodlions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
iodliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
iodlaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
iodlai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
iodlas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
iodla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
iodlâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
iodlâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
iodlèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
iodlerai (first-person future indicative singular)
iodleras (future indicative second-person singular)
iodlera (future indicative singular third-person)
iodlerons (first-person future indicative plural)
iodlerez (future indicative plural second-person)
iodleront (future indicative plural third-person)
iodlerais (conditional first-person singular)
iodlerais (conditional second-person singular)
iodlerait (conditional singular third-person)
iodlerions (conditional first-person plural)
iodleriez (conditional plural second-person)
iodleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
iodle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
iodles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
iodle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
iodlions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
iodliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
iodlent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
iodlasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
iodlasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
iodlât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
iodlassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
iodlassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
iodlassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
iodle (imperative second-person singular)
iodlons (first-person imperative plural)
iodlez (imperative plural second-person)


musicien

fr-noun

musicien m (plural musiciens, feminine musicienne)

musiciens (plural)
musicienne (feminine)

Haitian Creole: mizisyen

→ Persian: موزیسین (muzisiyan)

→ Turkish: müzisyen


hausse

(music, lutherie, bowmaking) frog (of a bow)


ouverture

→ Bulgarian: увертюра (uvertjura)

→ Danish: ouverture

→ Dutch: ouverture

→ English: ouverture

→ German: Ouvertüre

→ Greek: ουβερτούρα (ouvertoúra)

→ Italian: ouverture

→ Macedonian: уверти́ра (uvertíra)

→ Norwegian: ouverture

→ Persian: اوورتور (uvertur)

→ Polish: uwertura

→ Romanian: uvertură

desctree

→ Russian: увертю́ра (uvertjúra)
→ Azerbaijani: uvertüra
→ Kazakh: увертюра (uvertüra)
→ Kyrgyz: увертюра (uvertyura)
→ Turkmen: uwertýura
→ Uzbek: uvertyura

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: увертира

Latin script: uvertira

→ Swedish: ouvertyr

→ Turkish: uvertür

→ Ukrainian: увертю́ра (uvertjúra)

Inherited from Old French overture, from Vulgar Latin *opertūra, from Latin apertūra. Doublet of aperture, a borrowing. Compare Catalan obertura.


frette

From fretter, or Old French freit, from Latin frīgidus (“cold”).


amabile

Borrowed from Italian amabile. Doublet of aimable.


tambour

→ Dutch: tamboer
Afrikaans: tamboer
Negerhollands: tamboer
→ Indonesian: tambur

→ Romanian: tambur

→ Swedish: tambur

→ Tamil: தம்பூர் (tampūr)

→ Turkish: tambur

Borrowed from Arabic طُنْبُور (ṭunbūr) or Persian تبیر (tabir, “drum”), related to Armenian տաւիղ (tawiġ), English tabla.

Le responsable fait allusion aux rituels zikri où les croyants prononcent continuellement le nom Allah en battant du tambour dans un des 180 sanctuaires et mosquées de la cité près desquels flotte parfois une agréable odeur encens.

2015 July 31, “En Ethiopie, Arthur Rimbaud, inconnu de Harar”, in Le Monde:


rugir

rugir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rugissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rugi (participle past)
rugis (first-person indicative present singular)
rugis (indicative present second-person singular)
rugit (indicative present singular third-person)
rugissons (first-person indicative plural present)
rugissez (indicative plural present second-person)
rugissent (indicative plural present third-person)
rugissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rugissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rugissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rugissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rugissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rugissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rugis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rugis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rugit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rugîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rugîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rugirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
rugirai (first-person future indicative singular)
rugiras (future indicative second-person singular)
rugira (future indicative singular third-person)
rugirons (first-person future indicative plural)
rugirez (future indicative plural second-person)
rugiront (future indicative plural third-person)
rugirais (conditional first-person singular)
rugirais (conditional second-person singular)
rugirait (conditional singular third-person)
rugirions (conditional first-person plural)
rugiriez (conditional plural second-person)
rugiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rugisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rugisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rugisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rugissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rugissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rugissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rugisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rugisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rugît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rugissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rugissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rugissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rugis (imperative second-person singular)
rugissons (first-person imperative plural)
rugissez (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Latin rugīre (“roar”). Cf. Old French ruir, a more gallicized variant. See also rut.


hautbois

→ English: hautboy

→ Hungarian: oboa

→ Italian: oboè (obsolete), oboe

→ Korean: 오보에 (obo'e)

→ Russian: гобо́й (gobój)
→ Armenian: հոբոյ (hoboy)
→ Azerbaijani: qoboy
→ Georgian: ჰობოი (hoboi)
→ Kazakh: гобой (goboi)

→ Spanish: oboe

→ Turkish: obua

→ Vietnamese: ô-boa

Univerbation of haut bois (“high (pitched) wood(wind)”).


karaoké

From Japanese 空(から) (kara, “empty”) + オケ (oke, “orchestra”).


majeur

fr-adj

majeur (feminine majeure, masculine plural majeurs, feminine plural majeures)

majeure (feminine)
majeurs (masculine plural)
majeures (feminine plural)

→ Persian: ماژور (mâžor)

From Middle French majeur, a borrowing from Latin māior (“larger, greater”). Doublet of maire, major, and mayeur.

si majeur

la majeur


mineur

mineur (feminine mineure, masculine plural mineurs, feminine plural mineures)

mineure (feminine)
mineurs (masculine plural)
mineures (feminine plural)

→ Persian: مینور (minor)

Borrowed from Latin minor. Compare the inherited doublet moindre.


perche

Inherited from Old French perche, from Latin pertica, through a contracted Vulgar Latin form *pert'ca. Compare Catalan perxa.

(sound engineering) boom (for microphone etc.)


pompe

→ Rade: pom

→ Vietnamese: bơm

→ Persian: پمپ (pomp)

From Middle French, from Middle Dutch pompe (“device for raising water, pump”). Related to Middle Low German pumpe (“a pump”). More at pump.

uder

(music) Style of strumming, used especially in gypsy jazz


pavillon

Inherited from Middle French pavillon, from Old French paveilun, inherited from Latin pāpiliōnem. Doublet of papillon.


compas

→ Portuguese: compasso

→ Burmese: ကွန်ပါ (kwanpa)

→ Romanian: compas

Inherited from Old French compas, from Latin com- + passus.

(music) a genre of modern Haitian music descended from the traditional style méringue


cithare

English: cither

Haitian Creole: gita

Turkish: gitar

Borrowed from Latin cithara, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithára). Doublet of guitare.


merengue

Borrowed from Spanish merengue, itself borrowed from French meringue.


aboyer

aboyer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
aboyant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
aboyé (participle past)
aboie (first-person indicative present singular)
aboies (indicative present second-person singular)
aboie (indicative present singular third-person)
aboyons (first-person indicative plural present)
aboyez (indicative plural present second-person)
aboient (indicative plural present third-person)
aboyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
aboyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
aboyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
aboyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
aboyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
aboyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
aboyai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
aboyas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
aboya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
aboyâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
aboyâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
aboyèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
aboierai (first-person future indicative singular)
aboieras (future indicative second-person singular)
aboiera (future indicative singular third-person)
aboierons (first-person future indicative plural)
aboierez (future indicative plural second-person)
aboieront (future indicative plural third-person)
aboierais (conditional first-person singular)
aboierais (conditional second-person singular)
aboierait (conditional singular third-person)
aboierions (conditional first-person plural)
aboieriez (conditional plural second-person)
aboieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
aboie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
aboies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
aboie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
aboyions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
aboyiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
aboient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
aboyasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
aboyasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
aboyât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
aboyassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
aboyassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
aboyassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
aboie (imperative second-person singular)
aboyons (first-person imperative plural)
aboyez (imperative plural second-person)

From Old French abaier, abayer,abaüer, probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Latin baubari, Italian abbaiare.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

(intransitive) to scream at or inveigh against somebody

Il aboie des ordres sans s’arrêter pour respirer

He barks orders without pausing to breathe.

(transitive, usually derogatory) to scream or yell in short bouts; to bark


doubler

doubler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
doublant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
doublé (participle past)
double (first-person indicative present singular)
doubles (indicative present second-person singular)
double (indicative present singular third-person)
doublons (first-person indicative plural present)
doublez (indicative plural present second-person)
doublent (indicative plural present third-person)
doublais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
doublais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
doublait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
doublions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
doubliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
doublaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
doublai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
doublas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
doubla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
doublâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
doublâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
doublèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
doublerai (first-person future indicative singular)
doubleras (future indicative second-person singular)
doublera (future indicative singular third-person)
doublerons (first-person future indicative plural)
doublerez (future indicative plural second-person)
doubleront (future indicative plural third-person)
doublerais (conditional first-person singular)
doublerais (conditional second-person singular)
doublerait (conditional singular third-person)
doublerions (conditional first-person plural)
doubleriez (conditional plural second-person)
doubleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
double (first-person present singular subjunctive)
doubles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
double (present singular subjunctive third-person)
doublions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
doubliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
doublent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
doublasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
doublasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
doublât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
doublassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
doublassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
doublassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
double (imperative second-person singular)
doublons (first-person imperative plural)
doublez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Brazilian Portuguese: dublar

→ Romanian: dubla

Inherited from Old French dobler, from Late Latin dūplāre, from Latin dūplus. Compare Spanish and Catalan doblar, Portuguese dobrar, Italian doppiare.

Daniel Beretta qui double Arnold Schwarzenegger en français depuis 1987 a également prêté sa voix à l’agent Sam Fisher.

Daniel Beretta, who has dubbed Arnold Schwarzenegger in the French versions of his films since 1987, has also lent his voice to the agent Sam Fisher.


doublage

→ Arabic: دبلج

→ Persian: دوبلاژ (dublâž)

→ Bulgarian: дубла́ж (dubláž)

→ Brazilian Portuguese: dublagem

→ Romanian: dublaj

→ Russian: дубля́ж (dubljáž)

→ Turkish: dublaj

→ Ukrainian: дубля́ж (dubljáž)


acoustique

→ Persian: آکوستیک (âkustik)

Coined by physicist Joseph Sauveur (1653–1716) from Ancient Greek ἀκουστικός (akoustikós), from ἀκούω (akoúō, “hear”).


guitariste

fr-noun

guitariste m or f by sense (plural guitaristes)


guitare

Hijazi Arabic: قيتار (gītār)

Central Franconian: Jitta

Vietnamese: ghi-ta

Borrowed from Spanish guitarra. Doublet of cithare and cistre.


accordéoniste

accordéoniste m or f by sense (plural accordéonistes)


harmonie

→ Romanian: armonie

→ Turkish: harmoni, armoni

Learned borrowing from Latin harmonia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἁρμονία (harmonía).

Coordinate term: mélodie


bombardon

bombardon, certain bass instruments, notably a tuba


guitare acoustique

guitare acoustique f (plural guitares acoustiques)

Coordinate term: guitare électrique


guitare électrique

guitare électrique f (plural guitares électriques)


guitare basse

guitare basse f (plural guitares basses)


contrebasse

→ Persian: کنترباس (kontrbâs)

→ Turkish: kontrbas


bassiste

bassiste m or f by sense (plural bassistes)

(music) bassist (one who plays the bass guitar)


pianiste

pianiste m or f by sense (plural pianistes)


banjoïste

banjoïste m or f by sense (plural banjoïstes)


bitonal

fr-adj

bitonal (feminine bitonale, masculine plural bitonaux, feminine plural bitonales)

bitonale (feminine)
bitonaux (masculine plural)
bitonales (feminine plural)


couac

À l’entendre, on dirait que chaque couac et chaque vrille, chaque onde, chaque stridence qu’elle tire délibérément de l’instrument, et qu’elle projette dans tout le volume, rageuse, sans ordre, hachée, elle l’extirpe de sa colère intérieure […]

2019, Alain Damasio, chapter 5, in Les furtifs [The Stealthies], La Volte, →ISBN:


fantaisie

→ Persian: فانتزی (fântezi)

→ Romanian: fantezie

→ Turkish: fantezi

→ Vietnamese: phăng-tê-di

Inherited from Old French fantaisie, fantasie (“imagination”), from Latin phantasia, from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía), of φαντάζεσθαι (phantázesthai), from φαντός (phantós, “visible”), from φαίνεσθαι (phaínesthai, “appear”). Doublet of fantasy.


monodie

Learned borrowing from Latin monōdia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek μονῳδία (monōidía).

Coordinate term: polyphonie


enregistrer

enregistrer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
enregistrant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
enregistré (participle past)
enregistre (first-person indicative present singular)
enregistres (indicative present second-person singular)
enregistre (indicative present singular third-person)
enregistrons (first-person indicative plural present)
enregistrez (indicative plural present second-person)
enregistrent (indicative plural present third-person)
enregistrais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
enregistrais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
enregistrait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
enregistrions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
enregistriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
enregistraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
enregistrai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
enregistras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
enregistra (historic indicative past singular third-person)
enregistrâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
enregistrâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
enregistrèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
enregistrerai (first-person future indicative singular)
enregistreras (future indicative second-person singular)
enregistrera (future indicative singular third-person)
enregistrerons (first-person future indicative plural)
enregistrerez (future indicative plural second-person)
enregistreront (future indicative plural third-person)
enregistrerais (conditional first-person singular)
enregistrerais (conditional second-person singular)
enregistrerait (conditional singular third-person)
enregistrerions (conditional first-person plural)
enregistreriez (conditional plural second-person)
enregistreraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
enregistre (first-person present singular subjunctive)
enregistres (present second-person singular subjunctive)
enregistre (present singular subjunctive third-person)
enregistrions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
enregistriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
enregistrent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
enregistrasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
enregistrasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
enregistrât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
enregistrassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
enregistrassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
enregistrassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
enregistre (imperative second-person singular)
enregistrons (first-person imperative plural)
enregistrez (imperative plural second-person)

(sound engineering) to record for later replay or use, especially sound


soliste

fr-noun

soliste m or f by sense (plural solistes)

→ Romanian: solist

→ Russian: соли́ст (solíst) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: solist