chien

fr-adj

chien (feminine chienne, masculine plural chiens, feminine plural chiennes)

chienne (feminine)
chiens (masculine plural)
chiennes (feminine plural)

Haitian Creole: chyen

Inherited from Middle French chien, from Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).

chien hargneux a toujours l’oreille déchirée


abduction

Learned borrowing from Latin abductiō(n) (“robbing; abduction”), from abdūcō (“take or lead away”) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results).

lbor

(logic, computing) abductive reasoning; abduction


LED

light-emitting diode
light-emitting diode#English

(electronics) LED (light-emitting diode)


webmaster

webmaster (person responsible for maintaining a website)


avatar

From Hindustani अवतार / اوتار (avtār), from Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra, “descent of a deity from a heaven”), a compound of अव (ava, “off, away, down”) and the vṛddhi-stem of the root तरति (√tṝ, “to cross”).


indice

Borrowed from Latin indicium, from indicō (“point out, indicate, show”).


mobile

Learned borrowing from Latin mōbilis. Doublet of meuble.

téléphone mobile
téléphone mobile#French

mobile phone; Ellipsis of téléphone mobile.


dictionnaire

Haitian Creole: diksyonè

desc

Louisiana Creole: diksyonær, diksyonè, diksyonèr

→ Dutch: dictionaire

→ German: Diktionär

→ Franco-Provençal: diccionèro

→ Romanian: dicționar

→ Turkish: diksiyoner

Inherited from Middle French dictionnaire, borrowed from Medieval Latin dictiōnārium (“dictionary”), derived from Latin dictiō (“saying, speaking”) + -ārium.

bor

(computing) dictionary, an associative array


zipper

zipper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
zippant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
zippé (participle past)
zippe (first-person indicative present singular)
zippes (indicative present second-person singular)
zippe (indicative present singular third-person)
zippons (first-person indicative plural present)
zippez (indicative plural present second-person)
zippent (indicative plural present third-person)
zippais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
zippais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
zippait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
zippions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
zippiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
zippaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
zippai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
zippas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
zippa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
zippâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
zippâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
zippèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
zipperai (first-person future indicative singular)
zipperas (future indicative second-person singular)
zippera (future indicative singular third-person)
zipperons (first-person future indicative plural)
zipperez (future indicative plural second-person)
zipperont (future indicative plural third-person)
zipperais (conditional first-person singular)
zipperais (conditional second-person singular)
zipperait (conditional singular third-person)
zipperions (conditional first-person plural)
zipperiez (conditional plural second-person)
zipperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
zippe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
zippes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
zippe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
zippions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
zippiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
zippent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
zippasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
zippasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
zippât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
zippassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
zippassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
zippassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
zippe (imperative second-person singular)
zippons (first-person imperative plural)
zippez (imperative plural second-person)


index

→ Persian: اندکس (andeks)

→ Turkish: endeks, indeks

From Latin index (“pointer, indicator”), from indicō (“point out, show”).

the welcome page of a web site, typically index.html, index.htm or index.php


router

router (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
routant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
routé (participle past)
route (first-person indicative present singular)
routes (indicative present second-person singular)
route (indicative present singular third-person)
routons (first-person indicative plural present)
routez (indicative plural present second-person)
routent (indicative plural present third-person)
routais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
routais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
routait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
routions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
routiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
routaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
routai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
routas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
routa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
routâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
routâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
routèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
routerai (first-person future indicative singular)
routeras (future indicative second-person singular)
routera (future indicative singular third-person)
routerons (first-person future indicative plural)
routerez (future indicative plural second-person)
routeront (future indicative plural third-person)
routerais (conditional first-person singular)
routerais (conditional second-person singular)
routerait (conditional singular third-person)
routerions (conditional first-person plural)
routeriez (conditional plural second-person)
routeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
route (first-person present singular subjunctive)
routes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
route (present singular subjunctive third-person)
routions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
routiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
routent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
routasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
routasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
routât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
routassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
routassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
routassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
route (imperative second-person singular)
routons (first-person imperative plural)
routez (imperative plural second-person)


triangle

Borrowed from Latin triangulum. By surface analysis, tri- + angle.

(music) triangle (percussion instrument)


xylophone

→ Russian: ксилофо́н (ksilofón) (see there for further descendants)

→ Romanian: xilofon

→ Turkish: ksilofon


yacht

Borrowed from English yacht, from Dutch jacht.


four

Louisiana Creole: fou

Inherited from Middle French four, from Old French four, forz, forn, from Latin furnus, from Proto-Italic *fornos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥-nós, from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).


or

From Old French ore, from Vulgar Latin hā horā, alteration of hāc horā (“(in) this hour”, ablative). Compare Spanish ahora, Portuguese agora.

yet, however, now, that said, as it happens (introduces the second term in a syllogism)


IA

[…]nous privilégions tous les deux les « interfaces humaines », comme ils disent, même quand elles singent, comme ici, une mauvaise IA.

2019, Alain Damasio, chapter 3, in Les furtifs [The Stealthies], La Volte, →ISBN:

[…] we privilege both "human interfaces", as they say, even when they ape, as here, a bad AI

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence

intelligence artificielle
intelligence artificielle#French

(artificial intelligence) Initialism of intelligence artificielle (“artificial intelligence”); AI


NC

(nautical, telecommunications) CS (“cable ship”): Initialism of navire câblier (“cable ship”).


boss

fr-noun

boss m or f by sense (plural boss or bosses)


car

Borrowed from English car, itself borrowed from Anglo-Norman and the Old Northern French car, variant of Old French char. Doublet of char.

Les élèves vont à l’école en car.

a single-decked long-distance, or privately hired, bus, a coach


bouton

Antillean Creole: bouton

→ Bulgarian: бутон (buton)

→ English: bouton

→ Khmer: ប៊ូតុង (buutong)

→ Malagasy: bokotra

→ Romanian: buton

→ Russian: бутон (buton)

→ Turkish: buton

Inherited from Middle French bouton, boton, from Old French bouton, boton (“button, bud”), from Vulgar Latin *bautōnem, accusative of bautō, from Frankish *bautō (“that which pushes up, bump, knob”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan (“to beat, push”). By surface analysis, bouter + -on. Cognate with Old High German bōzo (“bundle, flaxbundle”), Old Saxon bōto (“bunch or bundle of flaxs”). Compare Italian bottone, Spanish botón, which are borrowings of the French word.

cog

(pathology, dermatology) pimple, spot, zit


bel

(sound engineering) bel (unit of sound intensity)


train

→ German: Train

→ Romanian: tren

desctree

→ Spanish: tren
→ Moroccan Arabic: تران (trān)
→ Tagalog: tren
→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: treni̱
→ Yaqui: tréen

→ Sicilian: trenu

→ Turkish: tren

→ Persian: ترن (teran)

→ Italian: treno

Inherited from Middle French train, from Old French train, from the verb trahiner (“to pull, drag”).


cell

Clipping of cellulaire; influenced by North American English cell

téléphone cellulaire
téléphone cellulaire#French

(Quebec, colloquial) cellular phone, mobile phone; clipping of téléphone cellulaire.


bull

From a clipped form of French bulldozer, from American English bulldozer.


balance

→ Russian: бала́нс (baláns)

→ Ukrainian: бала́нс (baláns)

Inherited from Middle French balance, from Old French balance, from Vulgar Latin *bilancia, from Latin bilanx, from bi- (see Latin bis) and lanx.


piano

Borrowed from Italian piano. Doublet of plain and plan.

Il joue du piano avec compétence.

Je n’aime pas le piano. Je préfère le football.
Hein ! Quoi ! Et tu me dis ça à moi, le grand professeur Trompette ? Tiens ! Répète ta leçon cinq fois ! Non, dix fois !
Je déteste le piano !

1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:

I don’t like the piano. I like football more.
Huh? What? And you’re telling that to me, the great professor Trumpet? Alright then! Repeat what you’ve learned five times! No, ten times!
I hate the piano!


katana

Borrowed from Japanese 刀 (katana, literally “sword”).


cloud

(computing, Anglicism, with le) the cloud


massicot

From the name of Guillaume Massiquot (1797-1870), the inventor of the machine. Previously the common noun was also spelt massiquot.

guillotine, a machine for cutting paper and sheet metal


panier

→ English: pannier

Inherited from Old French, from Latin pānārium (“breadbasket”), from pānis (“bread”).

mettre tous ses œufs dans le même panier


cornet

→ English: cornet

→ Switzerland German: Cornet

Il tenait à la main gauche un cornet semblable à celui dont usaient les postillons ; en cas de péril, l’alarme serait donnée au patron qui tenait la barre à l’arrière.

2000, Jean-François Parot, L'énigme des Blancs-Manteaux, JC Lattès, published 2012, page 17:

In his left hand he held a horn like those used by post riders; in case of danger, the alarm would be given to the owner who was at the forward rail.


potassium

Lingala: potasu


image

→ Franco-Provençal: émâge

→ Turkish: imaj

Inherited from Old French image, borrowed from Latin imaginem (“a copy, likeness, image”).


dev

(computing) Synonym of développeur (“dev”)


NBC

(weaponry) Initialism of nucléaire, bactériologique, chimique.: NBC (“nuclear, biological, chemical”)


bicyclette

→ Asturian: bicicleta

→ Basque: bizikleta

→ Catalan: bicicleta

→ Galician: bicicleta

→ Hijazi Arabic: بُسْكُليتة

→ Italian: bicicletta (see there for further descendants)

→ Malagasy: bisikilety

Mauritian Creole: bisiklet

→ Occitan: bicicleta

→ Portuguese: bicicleta, biciclete

→ Romanian: bicicletă

→ Sicilian: picicaletta

→ Spanish: bicicleta (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: bisiklet

desc

→ Laz: ბისიქლეთი (bisikleti), ბისიქლეტი (bisikleťi)

→ Yiddish: ביציקלעט (bitsiklet)


grue

→ Portuguese: grua

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *grua, from Latin gruem.


aluminium

Lingala: aluminyu

→ Portuguese: alumínio


kayak

From Inuktitut (Inuvialuktun) ᖃᔭᖅ (qayaq, “man's boat”).


langage

Haitian Creole: langaj

→ English: langaj

Mauritian Creole: langaz

Louisiana Creole: langaj

→ Romanian: limbaj (partial calque)

Inherited from Middle French language, from Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *linguāticum, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”) (whence langue). By surface analysis, langue + -age.

inh

programming language
programming language


omnibus

Ellipsis of voiture omnibus (“carriage for all”), the latter element being a learned borrowing from Latin omnibus (“for all”), dative plural of omnis (“all”).

lbor

un train omnibus

(rail transport) local (of a train; making stops at all stations)


micro

mic (“microphone”); Clipping of microphone.


sole

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.

(carpentry) sole, a piece of timber, a joist


violon

→ English: violon

→ Persian: ویولن (viyolon)

desc

→ Lao: ວີໂອລົງ (wī ʼō long)

→ Lao: ວີໂອລົງ (wī ʼō long)

From viole + -on (diminutive suffix). Compare Italian violino.

Sur le toit de la maison, nous jouons du violon.
Sur le toit de la maison, nous jouons du violon.
Son violon fait zig zig.
Ton violon fait zig zig.
Mon violon, mon violon, mon violon fait zig zig zig.
Son violon fait zig zig.
Ton violon fait zig zig.
Mon violon, mon violon, mon violon fait zig zig zig zig zig.

On the roof of this house, we play the violin.
On the roof of this house, we play the violin.
Their violin goes zig zig.
Your violin goes zig zig.
My violin, my violin, my violin goes zig zig zig.
Their violin goes zig zig.
Your violin goes zig zig.
My violin, my violin, my violin goes zig zig zig zig zig.

Je suis seul, je suis triste.
Tout est noir.
Ici, je n’ai pas d’amis.
Je n’ai pas de musique.
Je n’ai pas de chanson.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.

I am alone, I am sad.
Everything is black.
Here, I have no friends.
I have no music.
I have no songs.
There are no violins.
No drums, no accordions.
There are no violins.
No drums, no accordions.


lyre

→ Romanian: liră

→ Turkish: lir


arc

Inherited from Old French arc, from Latin arcus (“bow, arch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.


template

Anglicism (English template). Possibly a doublet of templet.

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming


tire

(North America) tire, tyre (of a car, truck, etc)


cartouche

→ Arabic: خَرْطُوش (ḵarṭūš)

→ Arabic: خَرْطُوش (ḵarṭūš)

→ Czech: kartuš

→ Danish: kartouche

→ English: cartouche

→ German: Kartusche

→ Japanese: カルトゥーシュ

→ Ottoman Turkish: خرتوج

Turkish: kartuş

→ Polish: kartusz

→ Portuguese: cartucho

→ Romanian: cartuș

→ Russian: карту́ш (kartúš)

→ Spanish: cartucho
→ Catalan: cartutx

→ Swedish: kartusch

Borrowed from Italian cartuccia, a diminutive of carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs).


flèche

→ Dutch: flits

→ Middle Low German: flitse [16th c.]

→ German: Flitz

→ English: flèche

Inherited from Middle French fleche, from Old French fleche, from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, borrowed from Frankish *fliukkijā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-, from *plew-.

etymon

(archery, symbol) arrow (projectile or symbol)

(informal, figuratively) bright spark, quick study


bureau

→ Brazilian Portuguese: birô

→ Catalan: buró

→ Crimean Tatar: büro

→ Dutch: bureau

→ English: bureau

→ German: Büro

→ Haitian Creole: biwo

→ Lingala: biló

→ Piedmontese: burò

→ Polish: biuro

→ Romanian: birou

→ Russian: бюро́ (bjuró)

→ Sedang: bơrô

→ Spanish: buró

→ Swedish: byrå

→ Tamil: பீரோ (pīrō)

→ Turkish: büro

Inherited from Old French burel, diminutive of *bure (compare Middle French bure (“coarse woolen cloth”), French bourre (“hair, fluff”)), from Late Latin burra (“wool, fluff, shaggy cloth, coarse fabric”); akin to Ancient Greek βερβέριον (berbérion, “shabby garment”).

cog

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(computing, graphical user interface) desktop (on-screen background)


follower

(Internet) follower (on Twitter and similar sites)


follower

follower (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
followant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
followé (participle past)
followe (first-person indicative present singular)
followes (indicative present second-person singular)
followe (indicative present singular third-person)
followons (first-person indicative plural present)
followez (indicative plural present second-person)
followent (indicative plural present third-person)
followais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
followais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
followait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
followions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
followiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
followaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
followai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
followas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
followa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
followâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
followâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
followèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
followerai (first-person future indicative singular)
followeras (future indicative second-person singular)
followera (future indicative singular third-person)
followerons (first-person future indicative plural)
followerez (future indicative plural second-person)
followeront (future indicative plural third-person)
followerais (conditional first-person singular)
followerais (conditional second-person singular)
followerait (conditional singular third-person)
followerions (conditional first-person plural)
followeriez (conditional plural second-person)
followeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
followe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
followes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
followe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
followions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
followiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
followent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
followasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
followasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
followât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
followassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
followassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
followassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
followe (imperative second-person singular)
followons (first-person imperative plural)
followez (imperative plural second-person)

(Internet) to follow (on Twitter and similar sites)


harpe

From Late Latin harpa, from Proto-Germanic *harpǭ.


dreadnought

dreadnought (battleship in which most of the firepower is concentrated in large guns that are of the same caliber)


passer

passer (infinitive)
avoir (infinitive multiword-construction)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
passant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
passé (participle past)
passe (first-person indicative present singular)
passes (indicative present second-person singular)
passe (indicative present singular third-person)
passons (first-person indicative plural present)
passez (indicative plural present second-person)
passent (indicative plural present third-person)
passais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
passais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
passait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
passions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
passiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
passaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
passai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
passas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
passa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
passâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
passâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
passèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
passerai (first-person future indicative singular)
passeras (future indicative second-person singular)
passera (future indicative singular third-person)
passerons (first-person future indicative plural)
passerez (future indicative plural second-person)
passeront (future indicative plural third-person)
passerais (conditional first-person singular)
passerais (conditional second-person singular)
passerait (conditional singular third-person)
passerions (conditional first-person plural)
passeriez (conditional plural second-person)
passeraient (conditional plural third-person)
present indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
past historic of avoir (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
future of avoir (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
passe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
passes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
passe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
passions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
passiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
passent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
passasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
passasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
passât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
passassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
passassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
passassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
passe (imperative second-person singular)
passons (first-person imperative plural)
passez (imperative plural second-person)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
simple imperative of avoir (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
être + past participle (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)

→ Alemannic German: passiere

→ German: passieren

desc

Romanian: → pasa, → trece (semantic loan)

Inherited from Middle French passer, from Old French passer, from Vulgar Latin *passāre, derived from Latin passus (“step”, noun).


adresse

Inherited from Middle French [Term?], from Old French adrece, from Old French adresser. Equivalent to a deverbal from adresser.

(computing) address (location or instructions to location a piece of data)


sabre

→ English: sabre


latte

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: لاطه (lata)
Turkish: lata
→ Armenian: լաթա (latʻa)

Inherited from Middle French latte, from Old French latte, late, from a Germanic source, probably Frankish *latta, from Proto-Germanic *lattō. See also German Latte, Dutch lat, and English lath and lattice.


canon

→ Turkish: kanon

Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.

der

(slang) hottie, dish, bombshell (attractive man/woman)


direction

→ Turkish: direksiyon

→ Hijazi Arabic: دركسون (diriksōn)

(mechanics) Set of subsystems which allow to orient the wheels of a vehicle.


automobile

desctree

→ Danish: automobil, bil
→ Faroese: bilur
→ Greenlandic: biili
→ Icelandic: bíll
→ Norwegian Bokmål: bil
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bil
→ Swedish: bil

→ Dutch: automobiel

→ English: automobile

→ German: Automobil

→ Moroccan Arabic: طمبيل (ṭumubīl)

→ Russian: автомоби́ль (avtomobílʹ)
→ Armenian: ավտոմոբիլ (avtomobil)
→ Azerbaijani: avtomobil
→ Georgian: ავტომობილი (avṭomobili)
→ Ingrian: automobili
→ Kazakh: автомобиль (avtomobil)
→ Kyrgyz: автомобиль (avtomobil)
→ Turkmen: awtomobil
→ Uyghur: ئاپتوموبىل (aptomobil)
→ Uzbek: avtomobil

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós)
Ancient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)lbor.
French auto-
Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *moweō
Latin moveō
Latin -bilis
Latin mōbilislbor.
French mobile
French automobile
From auto- + mobile, as the vehicle is powered by an engine rather than pulled by horses.

etymon

L’automobile est un moyen de déplacement pratique à la campagne, mais cher et polluant.

The automobile is a practical means of travel in the countryside, but it's expensive and polluting.


calque

→ Belarusian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Bulgarian: ка́лка (kálka)

→ Catalan: calc (semantic loan)

→ Czech: kalk

→ English: calque

→ Georgian: კალკი (ḳalḳi)

→ Italian: calco (semantic loan)

→ Latvian: kalks

→ Macedonian: калка (kalka)

→ Polish: kalka

→ Romanian: calc

→ Russian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̏лк (kȁlk)

→ Slovak: kalk

→ Slovene: kalk

→ Spanish: calco (semantic loan)

→ Ukrainian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Yiddish: קאַלקע (kalke)

Deverbal from calquer, borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calcāre (“to tread”).


crack

(computing) crack (program or procedure designed to circumvent restrictions)


carillon

→ Catalan: carilló

→ Dutch: carillon

→ English: carillon

→ German: Carillon

→ Italian: carillon

→ Portuguese: carrilhão

Inherited from Old French quarrillon, from Late Latin *quadriniōnem, from quaterniō (“group of four things”).

carillon (set of bells, often in a bell tower)


spot

(television) spot; a brief segment on television


gnomon

Borrowed from Latin gnōmōn, from Ancient Greek γνώμων (gnṓmōn, “indicator”).


catamaran

→ Romanian: catamaran

Borrowed from English catamaran, from Tamil கட்டுமரம் (kaṭṭumaram).


tonne

Pour combattre à pied, les gentilshommes employaient une armure spéciale qui, à cause de sa longue jupe de fer évasée et sans tassettes, s’appelait tonnelet, armure à tonne, armure pour combattre à pied;[…]
XVIe siècle. Une belle armure à tonne, ayant […]

1885, Brussels (Belgium). Musées royaux des arts décoratifs et industriels, Catalogue des armes et armures, page 70:

To fight on foot, gentlemen employed a special armour which, because of its long iron skirt, flared and without tassets, is called tonlet, tonne armour, armour for fighting on foot; […]
16th century. A beautiful tonne armour, having […]

Ces harnois peuvent être à tonne ou tonnelet, c’est-à-dire avec une sorte de jupe de métal évasée protégeant le haut des jambes. Ils peuvent aussi être construits à la manière d’une « combinaison » : le bas du corps est recouvert[…]

2008, Marie-Anne Michaux, Glossaire des termes militaires du seizième siècle: complément du Dictionnaire de la langue française du XVIe siècle d'Edmond Huguet, Honoré Champion, →ISBN:

These harnesses could be tonne or tonlet, that is to say, with a sort of metal flared skirt protecting the top of the legs. They could also be constructed in the manner of a "combination": the bottom of the body is covered […]

(historical) a tonlet; a piece of medieval European armor of articulated lames or long flared metal skirt protecting the hips and thighs


four à micro-ondes

fr-noun

four à micro-ondes m (plural fours à micro-ondes)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-four à micro-ondes.wav

From four (“oven”) + à (“of, to”) + micro-onde (“microwave”) (micro- (“micro-”) + onde (“wave”)).


inox

From inoxydable and acier inoxydable, by apocopation.

acier inoxydable
acier inoxydable#French

stainless steel; short form of acier inoxydable


follow

(Internet) following (An account which is followed)


follow

Venez me donner de la force et me follow pour suivre la campagne !

Come give me strength and follow me to follow the campaign!


application

Inherited from Middle French application, from Old French aplicacion, from Latin applicātiōnem.


programme

desctree

→ English: program
→ Malay: program
→ Tok Pisin: program

→ Polish: program

→ Romanian: program

→ Persian: پروگرام (porogrâm)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پروغرام (program)

Turkish: program

Learned borrowing from Late Latin programma, from Ancient Greek πρόγραμμα (prógramma).

lbor

computer program
computer program#English

(computing) a program (item of software; a computer program)


programmer

programmer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
programmant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
programmé (participle past)
programme (first-person indicative present singular)
programmes (indicative present second-person singular)
programme (indicative present singular third-person)
programmons (first-person indicative plural present)
programmez (indicative plural present second-person)
programment (indicative plural present third-person)
programmais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
programmais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
programmait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
programmions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
programmiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
programmaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
programmai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
programmas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
programma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
programmâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
programmâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
programmèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
programmerai (first-person future indicative singular)
programmeras (future indicative second-person singular)
programmera (future indicative singular third-person)
programmerons (first-person future indicative plural)
programmerez (future indicative plural second-person)
programmeront (future indicative plural third-person)
programmerais (conditional first-person singular)
programmerais (conditional second-person singular)
programmerait (conditional singular third-person)
programmerions (conditional first-person plural)
programmeriez (conditional plural second-person)
programmeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
programme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
programmes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
programme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
programmions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
programmiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
programment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
programmasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
programmasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
programmât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
programmassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
programmassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
programmassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
programme (imperative second-person singular)
programmons (first-person imperative plural)
programmez (imperative plural second-person)

(computing) to program, to write program code


archer

fr-noun

archer m (plural archers, feminine archère)

From arche, a variant of arc (“bow”) + -er, or from Middle French archier, from Old French archier, from Vulgar Latin *arcārius, alteration of arcuārius, from Latin arcus (“bow”).


cadenas

Borrowed from Old Occitan cadenat, from Late Latin catēnātum, derived from Latin catēna (“chain”). Doublet of chaîné.


allô

→ Hijazi Arabic: ألو

→ Persian: الو (alo)

→ Romanian: alo

→ Russian: алло́ (alló)

→ Spanish: aló

→ Turkish: alo

→ Vietnamese: a-lô

(telephony) hello (when answering at the beginning of a call)

Allô? Tu m’entends?

(telephony) used to confirm that the person being addressed is listening, or to confirm if anyone is listening


bugger

bugger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
buggeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
buggé (participle past)
bugge (first-person indicative present singular)
bugges (indicative present second-person singular)
bugge (indicative present singular third-person)
buggeons (first-person indicative plural present)
buggez (indicative plural present second-person)
buggent (indicative plural present third-person)
buggeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
buggeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
buggeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
buggions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
buggiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
buggeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
buggeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
buggeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
buggea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
buggeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
buggeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
buggèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
buggerai (first-person future indicative singular)
buggeras (future indicative second-person singular)
buggera (future indicative singular third-person)
buggerons (first-person future indicative plural)
buggerez (future indicative plural second-person)
buggeront (future indicative plural third-person)
buggerais (conditional first-person singular)
buggerais (conditional second-person singular)
buggerait (conditional singular third-person)
buggerions (conditional first-person plural)
buggeriez (conditional plural second-person)
buggeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
bugge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bugges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bugge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
buggions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
buggiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
buggent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
buggeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
buggeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
buggeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
buggeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
buggeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
buggeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bugge (imperative second-person singular)
buggeons (first-person imperative plural)
buggez (imperative plural second-person)

Quand je l’ai vue arriver, cela s’est passé comme dans la série, j’ai buggé. Elle était déjà trés jolie.

2021 April 15, Benjamin Bourgois, quotee, “Benjamin Bourgois: "On a été autorisés à s'embrasser"”, in La Provence, →ISSN, page 32:

When I saw her arrive, it happened like in the series: I glitched. She was already very pretty.

(computing, also figurative) to malfunction, to glitch


vase

From Middle French, from Middle Dutch wase (“mud, silt, wet ground, clod of dirt, grass”), from *Old Dutch waso, from Proto-Germanic *wasô (“moisture, ground”), from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“moist, wet”). More at ouze.


moteur

→ Persian: موتور (motor)

Borrowed from Latin mōtor. Displaced Old French mouveur.

moteur de recherche


poche

Inherited from Middle French poche, from Old French puche, poche (“purse, small bag”), from Frankish *pokkō, *pokō (“pouch, bag”), from Proto-Germanic *pukô (“bag, pouch”), from Proto-Indo-European *buk-, *bu-, *bew- (“to blow, swell”). Reinforced by Old Norse puki, poki (“bag, pocket”), via Old Northern French.
Cognate with Middle Dutch poke, Alemannic German Pfoch (“purse, bag”), Old English pohha, pocca (“poke, pouch, pocket, bag”), and English pocket; compare also pouch.

ladle (container used in a foundry to transport and pour out molten metal)


alto

→ Persian: آلتو (âlto)


nœud

Inherited from Old French neu, from Latin nōdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gned-, *gnod- (“to bind”). Doublet of knout.


vue

Cette vidéo a atteint les 1 000 000 vues sur YouTube.

(Internet) view (an individual viewing of a video by a user)


coup

→ Danish: kup

→ Dutch: coup

→ English: coup

→ German: Coup

Mauritian Creole: kou

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kupp

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kupp

→ Swedish: kupp

Inherited from Old French colp, cop, from Late Latin colpus, syncopated form of Latin colaphus, from Ancient Greek κόλαφος (kólaphos).

pistolet à six coups


mac

(colloquial, computing) Clipping of Macintosh.


cabriolet

→ Catalan: cabriolé

→ Czech: kabriolet

→ Danish: cabriolet

→ Dutch: cabriolet

→ English: cabriolet

→ German: Cabriolet

→ Galician: cabriolé

→ Italian: cabriolet, cabriolè

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kabriolet

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kabriolet

→ Portuguese: cabriolé

→ Spanish: cabriolé

→ Swedish: cabriolet

Borrowed from Italian cabriola, cabriole (“horse caper”) + -et, from Latin capreolus, from Proto-Indo-European *kápros (“buck, he-goat”); see also Old Norse hafr (“he-goat”), Old English hæfer, Welsh gafr, Old Irish gabor. Doublet of Chevrolet.

a knotted cord, each end tied to wood, to tie criminals to by the wrists


fer

Antillean Creole: fè

Haitian Creole: fè

Karipúna Creole French: fé

Louisiana Creole: fèr, fè

Inherited from Middle French fer, from Old French fer, from Latin ferrum.

croix de bois, croix de fer, si je mens, je vais en enfer


patch

(computing) patch (piece of code used to fix a bug)


dossier

→ English: dossier

→ Dutch: dossier
→ Indonesian: dosir

→ German: Dossier

→ Hijazi Arabic: دوسيه (dōsē)

→ Italian: dossier

→ Luxembourgish: Dossier

desc

→ Portuguese: dossiê, dossier (unadapted form)

→ Romanian: dosar

→ Sicilian: dusseri, dossier

→ Spanish: dossier, dosier

→ Ottoman Turkish: دوسیه (dosya)

Turkish: dosya

Inherited from Middle French dossier. By surface analysis, dos (“back(side)”) + -ier.


brand

Inherited from Middle French brand, from Old French brant, from Frankish *brand (“firebrand, flaming sword”), from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“firebrand, torch, sword”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to burn”). Cognate with Old High German brant (“fire, firebrand, burning iron”), Old English brand (“fire, flame, brand, torch, sword, weapon”), Old Norse brandr (“fire, firebrand, sword”). More at English brand.


casque

→ Bulgarian: ка́ска (káska)

→ English: casque

→ Romanian: cască

→ Russian: ка́ска (káska)

→ Turkish: kask

→ Ukrainian: ка́ска (káska)


frigo

→ Dutch: frigo

→ Norman: frigo

Clipping of frigorifique or frigorifié or réfrigérateur.


pique

→ German: Pik n

→ Macedonian: пик m (pik)

→ Serbo-Croatian: m

Cyrillic script: пи̏к

Latin script: pȉk

→ Slovene: pík

→ Polish: pik m

→ Russian: пи́ка f (píka)

→ Bulgarian: пи́ка f (píka)

quatre de pique


sac

Haitian Creole: sak

→ English: sac

→ Moroccan Arabic: صاك

→ Persian: ساک (sâk)

→ Sedang: xak

Inherited from Old French sac, from Latin saccus, from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “sack, bag; sackcloth”), ultimately from Semitic.

der

Coordinate term: brique


taxi

→ Polish: taxi

→ Persian: تاکسی (tâksi)

(by extension) helicopter or plane used for transport


autobus

→ Catalan: autobús

→ German: Autobus

desc

→ Greek: οτομπούς (otompoús), οτομπίς (otompís) (Egyptiot Dialect)

→ Hebrew: אוֹטוֹבּוּס (ótobus)

→ Persian: اتوبوس (otobus)

desctree

→ Polish: autobus
→ Belarusian: аўтобус (aŭtóbus)

→ Romanian: autobuz

→ Russian: авто́бус (avtóbus) (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: autobús

→ Turkish: otobüs

Coined in Paris in 1907 as a compound of automobile + omnibus.


épée

Inherited from Middle French espee, from Old French espee, from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē). Doublet of spathe, a borrowing from Latin, and espade, a borrowing from Occitan.


Force

Coined by American filmmaker George Lucas

coin

(Star Wars) force (always proceeded with la), the invisible omnipresent energy that the Jedi and the Sith wield in Star Wars


flamberge

(1180) From Old French froberge ("name of a sword") changed to "flamberge" with influence of flambe from Germanic *frōberga composed of the elements *frô (“man”) and bergan (“to protect”) from Proto-Germanic *berganą from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care of, protect, preserve”)


chorus

Borrowed from Latin chorus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós). Doublet of chœur.

(sound engineering) an audio effect used on the electric guitar to give the impression that multiple musical instruments are playing at the same time


immutable

Learned borrowing from Latin immūtābilis. Compare immuable.


TNT

(television) Initialism of television numérique terrestre. — digital OTA (digital over-the-air television)


garde des reins

fr-noun

garde des reins f (plural gardes des reins)

1786, To the back-piece of the cuirass for the protection of the loins, was hooked on a piece of armour, called Garde des Reins, or culettes; and the breast-piece was occasionally strengthened by an additional plate called a Plaquet.

Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 21.

garde de rein: armor protecting the loins, hanging from the backpiece of the cuirass


morion

Borrowed from Spanish morrión, from morra (“upper part of the head”), from morro (“muzzle, snout”), from Vulgar Latin *murrum (“muzzle, snout”). Related to moraine (“an amassment of rocks on a glacier”) and morailles (“barnacle, twitch”).


morion

From Latin mormoriōn (“a black variety of quartz”), misread in some manuscripts as mōrion (“nightshade”).


malle

→ Portuguese: mala

Inherited from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”). Cognate with Old High German malha, malaha (“leather bag”), Middle Dutch male (“trunk, travel bag”). More at mail.

der

Sors tes habits de la malle et range-les dans l’armoire !

Take your clothes out of the suitcase and put them away in the cupboard!


glaive

Inherited from Old French glaive, from Late Latin glavus; see the entry for English glaive for further information.


glockenspiel

Unadapted borrowing from German Glockenspiel.


fusil

desctree

Saint Dominican Creole French: fisil
Haitian Creole: fizi

→ Catalan: fusell

→ Spanish: fusil

→ Portuguese: fuzil

From Old French fuisil, foisil, from Vulgar Latin *focīlis (petra), from Latin focus. Compare Italian fucile.


soft

(computing, countable) a piece of software


hacker

hacker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
hackant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
hacké (participle past)
hacke (first-person indicative present singular)
hackes (indicative present second-person singular)
hacke (indicative present singular third-person)
hackons (first-person indicative plural present)
hackez (indicative plural present second-person)
hackent (indicative plural present third-person)
hackais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
hackais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
hackait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
hackions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hackiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
hackaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
hackai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
hackas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
hacka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
hackâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
hackâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
hackèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
hackerai (first-person future indicative singular)
hackeras (future indicative second-person singular)
hackera (future indicative singular third-person)
hackerons (first-person future indicative plural)
hackerez (future indicative plural second-person)
hackeront (future indicative plural third-person)
hackerais (conditional first-person singular)
hackerais (conditional second-person singular)
hackerait (conditional singular third-person)
hackerions (conditional first-person plural)
hackeriez (conditional plural second-person)
hackeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
hacke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hackes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hacke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hackions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hackiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hackent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hackasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
hackasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hackât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hackassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
hackassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hackassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hacke (imperative second-person singular)
hackons (first-person imperative plural)
hackez (imperative plural second-person)


pic

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *piccus, from Latin pīcus.


compiler

compiler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
compilant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
compilé (participle past)
compile (first-person indicative present singular)
compiles (indicative present second-person singular)
compile (indicative present singular third-person)
compilons (first-person indicative plural present)
compilez (indicative plural present second-person)
compilent (indicative plural present third-person)
compilais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
compilais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
compilait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
compilions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
compiliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
compilaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
compilai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
compilas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
compila (historic indicative past singular third-person)
compilâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
compilâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
compilèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
compilerai (first-person future indicative singular)
compileras (future indicative second-person singular)
compilera (future indicative singular third-person)
compilerons (first-person future indicative plural)
compilerez (future indicative plural second-person)
compileront (future indicative plural third-person)
compilerais (conditional first-person singular)
compilerais (conditional second-person singular)
compilerait (conditional singular third-person)
compilerions (conditional first-person plural)
compileriez (conditional plural second-person)
compileraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
compile (first-person present singular subjunctive)
compiles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
compile (present singular subjunctive third-person)
compilions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
compiliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
compilent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
compilasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
compilasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
compilât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
compilassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
compilassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
compilassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
compile (imperative second-person singular)
compilons (first-person imperative plural)
compilez (imperative plural second-person)

Je n’arrive pas à compiler ce programme...

I can't manage to compile this program...


alp

(Internet slang, text messaging) à la prochaine


diode

→ Turkish: diyot


klaxon

Borrowed from English klaxon. Genericized trademark.


lavabo

→ German: Lavabo

→ Turkish: lavabo

→ Vietnamese: la-va-bô

Borrowed from Latin lavābō (“I will wash”), first-person singular future active indicative of lavō, lavāre (“wash, bathe”, verb).


rooter

rooter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rootant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rooté (participle past)
roote (first-person indicative present singular)
rootes (indicative present second-person singular)
roote (indicative present singular third-person)
rootons (first-person indicative plural present)
rootez (indicative plural present second-person)
rootent (indicative plural present third-person)
rootais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rootais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rootait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rootions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rootiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rootaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rootai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rootas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
roota (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rootâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rootâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rootèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
rooterai (first-person future indicative singular)
rooteras (future indicative second-person singular)
rootera (future indicative singular third-person)
rooterons (first-person future indicative plural)
rooterez (future indicative plural second-person)
rooteront (future indicative plural third-person)
rooterais (conditional first-person singular)
rooterais (conditional second-person singular)
rooterait (conditional singular third-person)
rooterions (conditional first-person plural)
rooteriez (conditional plural second-person)
rooteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
roote (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rootes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
roote (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rootions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rootiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rootent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rootasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rootasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rootât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rootassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rootassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rootassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
roote (imperative second-person singular)
rootons (first-person imperative plural)
rootez (imperative plural second-person)


gouge

Inherited from Old French gouge, from Latin gulbia (Late Latin gubia), of Gaulish or Basque origins.


cache

From cacher. In the sense "cover, mask", a clipping of cache-œil, cache-nez, etc.


loge

→ German: Loge

→ Dutch: loge

→ Macedonian: ложа (loža)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: losje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: losje

→ Polish: loża

→ Russian: ло́жа (lóža)

→ Persian: لژ (lož)

→ Swedish: loge

→ Ukrainian: ло́жа (lóža)

Inherited from Middle French loge, from Old French loge, borrowed from Frankish *laubijā, from Proto-West Germanic *laub + *-jō. The Masonic sense developed under influence from English lodge.

etymon

(theater, television) dressing room (a room in a theatre or other performance venue in which performers may change costumes and apply makeup)


barque

fr-noun

barque f (plural barques, diminutive barquette)

Haitian Creole: bak

une barque

Inherited from Middle French barque, probably borrowed from Italian barca or a Medieval Latin equivalent, from Late Latin barca. Doublet of barge.


mire

Borrowed from Italian mira, from Latin mīrō (“to wonder at”).


fanfare

→ Turkish: fanfar

Probably from Arabic فَرْفَار (farfār); see fanfaron (“boaster”).


corvette

→ Catalan: corbeta

→ Danish: korvet

→ English: corvette

→ Dutch: korvet

→ Ottoman Turkish: قوروت (korvet)

Turkish: korvet

→ Portuguese: corveta

→ Spanish: corbeta

From Middle Dutch korf, korver (“a kind of ship”), or Middle Low German korf (“a kind of ship and basket”), + -ette. Possibly ultimately connected to Latin corbita (navis), "slow-sailing ship of burden, grain ship," which is from corbis.


harmonica

Borrowed from German Harmonika; compare harmonique.


char

Inherited from Old French char, from Latin carrus, a loan from Transalpine Gaulish. Doublet of car (“coach”), a borrowing from English.


interrogation

Borrowed from Latin interrogātiōnem. By surface analysis, interroger + -ation.


document

→ Romanian: document

→ Turkish: doküman


serviette

→ Bavarian: Serviettn

→ Deori: Serviette

→ Dutch: servet

→ English: serviette

→ Greek: σερβιέτα (serviéta)

→ Lithuanian: servetėlė

→ Indonesian: serbet

desctree

→ Polish: serwetka
→ Yiddish: סערוועטקע (servetke)

→ Romanian: șervet

→ Spanish: servilleta


vedette

→ Dutch: vedette

→ English: vedette

→ Italian: vedette

→ Polish: wedeta

→ Portuguese: vedeta

→ Romanian: vedetă

→ Spanish: vedete


lame

→ Catalan: llama

→ Italian: lama

desc

→ Persian: لام (lâm, “microscope slide”)

Inherited from Latin lāmina, through the accusative lāminam. Doublet of lamine, a borrowing.


courriel

Blend of courrier + électronique. A portmanteau word created in French-speaking Canada, promoted by the Office québécois de la langue française and endorsed by the Académie française.

Académie française
Office québécois de la langue française


caisson

→ English: caisson

→ Turkish: keson

From Old Occitan caisson, from caissa. By surface analysis, caisse + -on.

(engineering) caisson (structure to exclude water)


site

From Latin situs.
Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English site, a clipping of website.


argent

Haitian Creole: ajan

Louisiana Creole: larjên

Inherited from Middle French argent m, from Old French argent m, from Latin argentum n (according to the TLFi etymological dictionary, a borrowing), itself from Proto-Italic *argentom n, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm n, from *h₂erǵ- (“white”).

la parole est d’argent, le silence est d’or

né avec une cuillère d’argent dans la bouche

né avec une cuillère en argent dans la bouche


miniature

Borrowed from Italian miniatura. Unrelated to minuscule.

(computing) thumbnail (a miniature preview of a larger image)


bac

→ Catalan: bac

desctree

→ Dutch: bak
Afrikaans: bak
Berbice Creole Dutch: baksi
Negerhollands: bak
→ Virgin Islands Creole: bak, baks (archaic)
→ Caribbean Hindustani: báki
→ Caribbean Javanese: bak, bag
→ Indonesian: bak, baki
→ Javanese: ꦧꦏꦶ (baki)
→ Ternate: baki
→ Javanese: ꦧꦏ꧀ (bak)
→ Papiamentu: baki (from the diminutive)
→ Sranan Tongo: baki
→ Caribbean Javanese: baki

→ English: bac

Inherited from Middle French bac, from Old French bas, bac- (“flat boat”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *baccu (“container”), from Latin bacar (“kind of wine glass”). Or, possibly borrowed from Celtic or Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *baką (“back, rear”).

unk

obscure


courrier électronique

fr-noun

courrier électronique m (plural courriers électroniques)


parasite

Borrowed from Latin parasītus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parásitos).

Des parasites troublent l’appareil.

The equipment is affected by radio interference.

(electronics, in the plural) radio interference


bic

→ Chadian Arabic: بيك (bīk)

→ Khmer: ប៊ិក (bĭk)

→ Lao: ບິກ (bik)

A genericized trademark. From BIC, a popular French brand of disposable ballpoint pen and disposable lighters, which is from the name of the co-founder of the company. Named after French businessman Marcel Bich. From Bich (“surname”).

named-after

disposable ballpoint pen, stick pen; Bic, Biro (Britain, Australia, New Zealand)


instance

A derivative of etymology 1, but reborrowed from English.


ripper

ripper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rippant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rippé (participle past)
rippe (first-person indicative present singular)
rippes (indicative present second-person singular)
rippe (indicative present singular third-person)
rippons (first-person indicative plural present)
rippez (indicative plural present second-person)
rippent (indicative plural present third-person)
rippais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rippais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rippait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rippions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rippiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rippaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rippai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rippas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rippa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rippâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rippâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rippèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
ripperai (first-person future indicative singular)
ripperas (future indicative second-person singular)
rippera (future indicative singular third-person)
ripperons (first-person future indicative plural)
ripperez (future indicative plural second-person)
ripperont (future indicative plural third-person)
ripperais (conditional first-person singular)
ripperais (conditional second-person singular)
ripperait (conditional singular third-person)
ripperions (conditional first-person plural)
ripperiez (conditional plural second-person)
ripperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rippe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rippes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rippe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rippions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rippiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rippent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rippasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rippasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rippât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rippassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rippassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rippassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rippe (imperative second-person singular)
rippons (first-person imperative plural)
rippez (imperative plural second-person)


feuilleton

→ English: feuilleton

→ German: Feuilleton

→ Italian: feuilleton, fogliettone

→ Swedish: följetong

→ Danish: føljeton


claymore

From English claymore, from Scottish Gaelic claidheamh-mòr.


objet

Turkish: obje


brassard

From bras + -ard (since at least 1549 in the spelling brassar, 1562 in the spelling brassart, and 1575 in the spelling brassard). Displaced the apparently slightly older brassal (1546), from Italian bracciale (or, less likely, Provençal brassal).


composition

→ Korean: 콩포지숑 (kongpojisyong) (rare)

→ Turkish: kompozisyon

Inherited from Old French composicion, borrowed from Latin compositiōnem.


acier

Haitian Creole: asye

→ Interlingua: aciero

Inherited from Old French acier, acer, from Late Latin aciārium, from Latin acies, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”). Compare Catalan acer, Galician aceiro, Italian acciaio, Occitan acièr, Portuguese aço, Spanish acero.


commuter

commuter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
commutant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
commuté (participle past)
commute (first-person indicative present singular)
commutes (indicative present second-person singular)
commute (indicative present singular third-person)
commutons (first-person indicative plural present)
commutez (indicative plural present second-person)
commutent (indicative plural present third-person)
commutais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
commutais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
commutait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
commutions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
commutiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
commutaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
commutai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
commutas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
commuta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
commutâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
commutâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
commutèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
commuterai (first-person future indicative singular)
commuteras (future indicative second-person singular)
commutera (future indicative singular third-person)
commuterons (first-person future indicative plural)
commuterez (future indicative plural second-person)
commuteront (future indicative plural third-person)
commuterais (conditional first-person singular)
commuterais (conditional second-person singular)
commuterait (conditional singular third-person)
commuterions (conditional first-person plural)
commuteriez (conditional plural second-person)
commuteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
commute (first-person present singular subjunctive)
commutes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
commute (present singular subjunctive third-person)
commutions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
commutiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
commutent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
commutasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
commutasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
commutât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
commutassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
commutassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
commutassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
commute (imperative second-person singular)
commutons (first-person imperative plural)
commutez (imperative plural second-person)


housing

(computing) colocation; A service allowing multiple customers to locate network, server, and storage gear, connect them to a variety of telecommunications and network service providers, with a minimum of cost and complexity


abaisse-langue

fr-noun

abaisse-langue m (plural abaisse-langues)


portable

Borrowed from Latin portābilis. By surface analysis, porter + -able.

téléphone portable
téléphone portable#French

a mobile phone; Ellipsis of téléphone portable.

ordinateur portable
ordinateur portable#French

a laptop; Ellipsis of ordinateur portable.


bateau

From Old French batel, Anglo-Norman bat, from Old English bāt (English boat) + suffix from Latin -ellus. It displaced the native word nef, which comes from Latin navis.

(nautical) a vessel of any size, a ship or boat


container

→ Turkish: konteyner

→ Vietnamese: công-te-nơ

Borrowed from English container (during the 1920s).


astrolabe

From Ancient Greek ἀστρολάβος (astrolábos, “star-taking”), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star”) + λαμβάνω (lambánō, “to take”).


forum

* Most meanings: Learned borrowing from Latin forum.
* Internet: Borrowed from English forum.


association

→ Romanian: asociație


journal

Haitian Creole: jounal

Mauritian Creole: zournal

Borrowings

→ Afrikaans: joernaal

→ Belarusian: журнал (žurnal)

→ Bulgarian: журнал (žurnal)

→ Czech: žurnál

→ Dutch: journaal

→ Egyptian Arabic: جورنال (gōrnāl)

→ English: journal

→ Esperanto: ĵurnalo

Ido: jurnalo

→ Indonesian: jurnal

→ German: Journal

→ Estonian: žurnaal

→ Ladino: jurnal / ז׳ורנאל

→ Latvian: žurnāls

→ Lower Sorbian: žurnal

→ Maltese: ġurnal

→ Malay: jurnal

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ژورنال (jurnal)
Turkish: jurnal

→ Pashto: ژورنال (žurnãl)

→ Persian: ژورنال (žurnâl)

→ Polish: żurnal

→ Portuguese: jornal
→ Hunsrik: Schurnall

→ Romanian: jurnal

→ Russian: журна́л (žurnál) (see there for further descendants)

→ Slovak: žurnál

→ Swedish: journal

→ Ukrainian: журнал (žurnal)

→ West Frisian: sjoernaal

→ Yiddish: זשורנאַל (zhurnal)

Inherited from Old French journal (“daily”), from Latin diurnālis, from diurnus (“of the day”), from diēs (“day”).


post

(Internet) post (message on a blog, etc.)


session

Inherited from Old French session, borrowed from Latin sessiōnem.


louche

A dialectal (Norman-Picard) form of Old French louce, loce, from Old Frankish *lōtija, from Proto-Germanic *hlōþþijō. Cognate with Dutch loet (“a tool to scrape or shovel”). More at loot.


missile

Inherited from Middle French, from Latin missilis (“that may be thrown”) (as in English).


base de données

fr-noun

base de données f (plural bases de données)

LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-base de données.wav

base de données relationnelle

administrateur de bases de données


console

desc

→ Armenian: քոնսոլ (kʻonsol), քոնցոլ (kʻoncʻol) — Constantinople

→ Catalan: consola

→ English: console

→ German: Konsole

→ Greek: κονσόλα (konsóla)

→ Ottoman Turkish: قونسول (konsol)

→ Turkish: konsol

→ Polish: konsola

Probably a shortened from consolateur, denoting the same architectural element, ultimately from consoler (“to console, to comfort”).

(carpentry) projecting piece of timber in the form of a cantilever arm

(by ellipsis) video game console, electronic gadget serving in order to play video games

(electronics) physical interface allowing the control of an electronic system


braquemard

Spanish: bracamarte, bracamante


plomb

Inherited from Middle French plom, from Old French, from Latin plumbum.


pastel

→ English: pastel

→ Danish: pastel

→ Dutch: pastel

→ Indonesian: pastel

→ Romanian: pastel

From Italian pastello (“pastel”), from Medieval Latin pastellum (“dough, paste”), from Latin pasta (“dough, paste”), ultimately from Ancient Greek πάστη (pástē, “dough, paste”). Doublet of pastille.


bois

fr-noun

bois m (countable and uncountable, plural bois)

Inherited from Middle French bois, boys, boiz, from Old French bosc, bois, from Late Latin boscus or Vulgar Latin *buscus, from Frankish *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush, thicket”). Compare Italian bosco, Spanish bosque, Portuguese bosque, Dutch bos and English bush.

der

Coordinate term: cuivre


rater

rater (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ratant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
raté (participle past)
rate (first-person indicative present singular)
rates (indicative present second-person singular)
rate (indicative present singular third-person)
ratons (first-person indicative plural present)
ratez (indicative plural present second-person)
ratent (indicative plural present third-person)
ratais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ratais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ratait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rations (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ratiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rataient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ratai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ratas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rata (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ratâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ratâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ratèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
raterai (first-person future indicative singular)
rateras (future indicative second-person singular)
ratera (future indicative singular third-person)
raterons (first-person future indicative plural)
raterez (future indicative plural second-person)
rateront (future indicative plural third-person)
raterais (conditional first-person singular)
raterais (conditional second-person singular)
raterait (conditional singular third-person)
raterions (conditional first-person plural)
rateriez (conditional plural second-person)
rateraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rate (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rates (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rate (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rations (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ratiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ratent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ratasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ratasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ratât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ratassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ratassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ratassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rate (imperative second-person singular)
ratons (first-person imperative plural)
ratez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Catalan: ratar

→ Haitian Creole: rate

Emerged in the early 1700s, likely originally in reference to a firearm misfiring, from the expression (1651) prendre un rat (“to misfire”, literally “to get a rat”), from rat (“rat”). More at rat.

Le revolver rata.

(intransitive, of a weapon) to fail to fire; to misfire [first att. 1718]


ferme

Inherited from Middle French ferme, from Old French ferm, ferme (“solid”), from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).


aube

Probably from Latin alapa (“blow, slap, smack”), of uncertain origin.


exception

(programming) exception (interruption in normal processing, typically caused by an error condition)


mainframe

(computer hardware) mainframe (large, powerful computer connected to terminals)


carafe

Borrowed from Italian caraffa, probably from Arabic غُرْفَة (ḡurfa, “cup or dipper”), from غَرَفَ (ḡarafa, “to ladle”).


coup de fil

Passe-moi un coup de fil.

(informal) telephone call, ring, call, bell


twitter

twitter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
twittant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
twitté (participle past)
twitte (first-person indicative present singular)
twittes (indicative present second-person singular)
twitte (indicative present singular third-person)
twittons (first-person indicative plural present)
twittez (indicative plural present second-person)
twittent (indicative plural present third-person)
twittais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
twittais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
twittait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
twittions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
twittiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
twittaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
twittai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
twittas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
twitta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
twittâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
twittâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
twittèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
twitterai (first-person future indicative singular)
twitteras (future indicative second-person singular)
twittera (future indicative singular third-person)
twitterons (first-person future indicative plural)
twitterez (future indicative plural second-person)
twitteront (future indicative plural third-person)
twitterais (conditional first-person singular)
twitterais (conditional second-person singular)
twitterait (conditional singular third-person)
twitterions (conditional first-person plural)
twitteriez (conditional plural second-person)
twitteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
twitte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
twittes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
twitte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
twittions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
twittiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
twittent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
twittasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
twittasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
twittât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
twittassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
twittassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
twittassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
twitte (imperative second-person singular)
twittons (first-person imperative plural)
twittez (imperative plural second-person)

(transitive, intransitive, Internet) to tweet (to post to Twitter)


ligne

Mauritian Creole: lalin

Inherited from Old French ligne, from Latin līnea.


dragée

→ Bulgarian: драже (draže)

→ Danish: dragé

→ English: dragée

→ Portuguese: drágea

→ Romanian: drajeu

desctree

→ Russian: драже́ (dražé)
→ Armenian: դրաժե (draže)
→ Azerbaijani: draje
→ Georgian: დრაჟე (draže)

→ Spanish: gragea, dragea

→ Swedish: dragé

→ Turkish: draje

→ Ukrainian: драже́ (dražé)

Inherited from Old French dragee, dragie, via Latin tragēmata, from Ancient Greek τραγήματα (tragḗmata, “dried fruits, sweetmeats”), plural of τράγημα (trágēma).

der

[…] ſo I went and fetch’d a good Dram of Rum, and gave him; for I had been ſo good a Husband of my Rum, that I had a great deal left: When he had drank it, I made him take the two Fowling-Pieces, which we always carry’d, and load them with large Swan-Shot, as big as ſmall Piſtol Bullets; then I took four Muſkets, and loaded them with two Slugs, and five ſmall Bullets each; and my two Piſtols I loaded with a Brace of Bullets each; I hung my great Sword as uſual, naked by my Side, and gave Friday his Hatchet.

1722, La vie et les avantures surprenantes de Robinson Crusoe, contenant entre autres évenemens le séjour qu'il a fait pandant vingt-huit ans dans une isle deserte, située sur la côte de l'Amerique, près l'embouchure de la gran riviere Oronooque; son retour dans son isle, & ses autres neveaux voyages. Le tout écrit par lui-même. Traduit de l'anglois., volume 2, Amsterdam: L’Honore et Chatelain, page 96:

(historical, firearms, uncountable) swan-shot, small-shot, hail-shot


plume

English: plume

Rade: plim

→ Swedish: plym

Inherited from Old French plume f, from Latin plūma f.


coche

From Hungarian kocsi, via German Kutsche or Italian cocchio. Doublet of coach.


cellule

→ Persian: سلول (sellul)


bugle

Borrowed from English bugle, itself from Anglo-Norman and Old French bugle, from Latin buculus.


bugle

Inherited from Old French bugle, probably borrowed from Medieval Latin bugula, probably related to Late Latin bugillō (cf. bouillon).


flush

information technology
information technology

(anglicism, information technology) emptying of the cache


montage

desc

→ Arabic: مونتاج

→ Arabic: مونتاج

→ Chinese: 蒙太奇 (méngtàiqí)

→ English: montage

→ Greek: μοντάζ (montáz)

→ Japanese: モンタージュ

→ Italian: montaggio

→ Polish: montaż

→ Romanian: montaj

desctree

→ Russian: монтаж (montaž)
→ Armenian: մոնտաժ (montaž)
→ Georgian: მონტაჟი (monṭaži)
→ Kazakh: монтаж (montaj)

→ Turkish: montaj
→ Northern Kurdish: montaj

From monter (“to mount”) (from mont (“mount(ain)”), from Latin mons (“mountain”) + -age.


crayon

Haitian Creole: kreyon

Louisiana Creole: kréyon

→ Bambara: kiriyon

→ English: crayon

→ Esperanto: krajono

→ German: Crayon

→ Japanese: クレヨン (kureyon)

→ Greek: κραγιόν (kragión)

→ Moore: keryõ

→ Romanian: creion

→ Spanish: crayón, clarión, crión

From craie (“chalk”) + -on (diminutive), from Latin crēta (“chalk, clay”), from crētus.


trampoline

Borrowed from Spanish trampolín or Italian trampolino. See also French tremplin.


équipage

→ Belarusian: экіпа́ж (ekipáž)

→ Bulgarian: екипа́ж (ekipáž)

→ Catalan: equipatge

→ Crimean Tatar: ekipaj

→ Danish: ekvipage

→ Galician: equipaxe

→ German: Equipage

→ Italian: equipaggio

→ Portuguese: equipagem

→ Romanian: echipaj

→ Russian: экипа́ж (ekipáž), экипа́жъ (ekipáž) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: экипаж (ékipaj)

→ Spanish: equipaje

→ Swedish: ekipage

→ Ukrainian: екіпа́ж (ekipáž)

Dans la nuit du vendredi 2 février 1761, un équipage avançait péniblement sur la voie qui conduit de la Courtille à la Villette.

2000, Jean-François Parot, L'énigme des Blancs-Manteaux, JC Lattès 2012, page 11:

On the night of Friday February 2, 1761, a horse and carriage was advancing with difficulty on the way leading from La Courtille to La Villette.


landau

→ English: landau

→ Catalan: landó

→ Spanish: landó

Coordinate term: poussette


ouïe

Deverbal of ouïr, corresponding to Latin audīta < audītus. Compare Occitan ausida, Catalan oïda, Spanish oído, Portuguese ouvido, Italian udito, Romansch udida, Friulian uldide.


marmite

→ Catalan: marmita

→ English: marmite

→ Portuguese: marmita

→ Spanish: marmita

→ Greek: μαρμίτα (marmíta)

In Middle French (attested 1388) used in the sense of an earthen or metal cooking-pot; later (17th century) also of bombs or grenades from their resemblance to iron cooking-pots.
Earlier, the noun Old French marmite meant "hypocrite" (attested 1223); the semantic development is explained as the cooking-pot being covered and not revealing its interior (thus being "hypocritical", as compared to e.g. a cooking-pan or a plate).
The etymology of marmite "hypocrite" is explained as a compound of marmotter (“to mutter”) (from an onomatopoeic base mar- "murmur") and mite (“cat”) (an obsolete word for "cat", probably also onomatopoeic, i.e. imitative of meowing, extant only in the compound chattemite), and thus describing a person being evasive by "murmuring" or "meowing" instead of speaking plainly.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

(metonymically) meal prepared in a cooking pot

(dated, slang) prostitute, especially one past the first youth, the "flesh pot" of the souteneur


coulisse

→ Catalan: colís

→ Dutch: coulisse

→ English: coulisse

→ German: Kulisse

→ Polish: kulisa

→ Crimean Tatar: kulisa

→ Hungarian: kulissza

→ Spanish: colisa

→ Swedish: kuliss

(music, lutherie, bowmaking) underslide, underslide channel


partition

→ Turkish: partisyon

Inherited from Old French particion, from Latin partītiōnem. By surface analysis, partir + -tion.


niveau

→ Danish: niveau

→ Dutch: niveau

→ German: Niveau

→ Norwegian Bokmål: nivå

→ Romanian: nivel

→ Serbo-Croatian: nivo

→ Swedish: nivå

→ Turkish: nivo

→ Yiddish: ניוואָ (nivo)

Inherited from Old French nivel, livel, from Vulgar Latin *libellus m, from Latin lībella f. Cognate with English level and Portuguese nível.

Cet ancien niveau marche toujours bien

Il faut complèter ce niveau pour gagner l’épée magique.

You have to complete this level to earn the magic sword.


souris

Michif: soorii

Inherited from Middle French souris, from Old French soris, soriz, from Vulgar Latin *sōrīcem, alteration of the Classical Latin sōricem (“shrew”).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English mouse.


auge

From Latin alveus; according to the TLFi etymological dictionary, it was a (very early) borrowing.

(masonry) mixing tub, mortar box (pan or tub for mixing mortar)


tweeter

tweeter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
tweetant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
tweeté (participle past)
tweete (first-person indicative present singular)
tweetes (indicative present second-person singular)
tweete (indicative present singular third-person)
tweetons (first-person indicative plural present)
tweetez (indicative plural present second-person)
tweetent (indicative plural present third-person)
tweetais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tweetais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tweetait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tweetions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tweetiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tweetaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tweetai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
tweetas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
tweeta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
tweetâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
tweetâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
tweetèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
tweeterai (first-person future indicative singular)
tweeteras (future indicative second-person singular)
tweetera (future indicative singular third-person)
tweeterons (first-person future indicative plural)
tweeterez (future indicative plural second-person)
tweeteront (future indicative plural third-person)
tweeterais (conditional first-person singular)
tweeterais (conditional second-person singular)
tweeterait (conditional singular third-person)
tweeterions (conditional first-person plural)
tweeteriez (conditional plural second-person)
tweeteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tweete (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tweetes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tweete (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tweetions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tweetiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tweetent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tweetasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tweetasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tweetât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tweetassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tweetassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tweetassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tweete (imperative second-person singular)
tweetons (first-person imperative plural)
tweetez (imperative plural second-person)

J’ai tweeté les idées essentielles et vous pouvez les retrouver sur @transnets.

2009, Francis Pisani, “Le futur « hybride » des médias”, in Le Monde Blogs:

I have tweeted the essential ideas and you can find them on @transnets.

Quatre étudiants américains viennent de mettre au point une paire de gants équipée d’un micro vous permettant de tweeter à toute heure du jour et de la nuit [...]

2014, Hugo Pascual, “Vite, mes gants ! Il faut que je tweete”, in Libération:

Four American students have just developed a pair of gloves fitted with a microphone allowing you to tweet at any time of the day or night …

(transitive, intransitive, Internet) to tweet (post to Twitter)


percussion

→ Turkish: perküsyon


kicker

kicker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
kickant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
kické (participle past)
kicke (first-person indicative present singular)
kickes (indicative present second-person singular)
kicke (indicative present singular third-person)
kickons (first-person indicative plural present)
kickez (indicative plural present second-person)
kickent (indicative plural present third-person)
kickais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
kickais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
kickait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
kickions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
kickiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
kickaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
kickai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
kickas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
kicka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
kickâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
kickâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
kickèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
kickerai (first-person future indicative singular)
kickeras (future indicative second-person singular)
kickera (future indicative singular third-person)
kickerons (first-person future indicative plural)
kickerez (future indicative plural second-person)
kickeront (future indicative plural third-person)
kickerais (conditional first-person singular)
kickerais (conditional second-person singular)
kickerait (conditional singular third-person)
kickerions (conditional first-person plural)
kickeriez (conditional plural second-person)
kickeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
kicke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
kickes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
kicke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
kickions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
kickiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
kickent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
kickasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
kickasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
kickât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
kickassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
kickassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
kickassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
kicke (imperative second-person singular)
kickons (first-person imperative plural)
kickez (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowing from English kick (“to eject from an internet forum”)

bor

(Internet) to kick; to eject (e.g. from a forum)


touche

→ Dutch: toets, touche

→ Hungarian: tus

→ Turkish: tuş


TVA

(Canada, television) Initialism of Téléviseurs / Télédiffuseurs associés (“Associated Telecasters”).


klingon

fr-adj

klingon (feminine klingonne, masculine plural klingons, feminine plural klingonnes)

klingonne (feminine)
klingons (masculine plural)
klingonnes (feminine plural)


flamer

flamer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
flamant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
flamé (participle past)
flame (first-person indicative present singular)
flames (indicative present second-person singular)
flame (indicative present singular third-person)
flamons (first-person indicative plural present)
flamez (indicative plural present second-person)
flament (indicative plural present third-person)
flamais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
flamais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
flamait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
flamions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
flamiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
flamaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
flamai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
flamas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
flama (historic indicative past singular third-person)
flamâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
flamâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
flamèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
flamerai (first-person future indicative singular)
flameras (future indicative second-person singular)
flamera (future indicative singular third-person)
flamerons (first-person future indicative plural)
flamerez (future indicative plural second-person)
flameront (future indicative plural third-person)
flamerais (conditional first-person singular)
flamerais (conditional second-person singular)
flamerait (conditional singular third-person)
flamerions (conditional first-person plural)
flameriez (conditional plural second-person)
flameraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
flame (first-person present singular subjunctive)
flames (present second-person singular subjunctive)
flame (present singular subjunctive third-person)
flamions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
flamiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
flament (plural present subjunctive third-person)
flamasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
flamasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
flamât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
flamassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
flamassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
flamassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
flame (imperative second-person singular)
flamons (first-person imperative plural)
flamez (imperative plural second-person)

(Internet) to flame (post disruptive messages)


page d'accueil

fr-noun

page d’accueil f (plural pages d’accueil)

page d’ accueil (canonical feminine)
pages d’accueil (plural)


garde

Inherited from Old French guarde, from the verb guarder (or less likely directly from Frankish *warda), from Frankish *wardōn (“to protect”). Compare Italian guardia, Spanish guarda. Cognate with English ward.

a battalion responsible for guarding, defending a sovereign, a prince, more generally, of an elite corps.

(military) sentry service performed by soldiers.

(military) soldiers doing the sentry service


tampon

English: tampon

Persian: تامپون (tâmpon)

German: Tampon

Dutch: tampon

Italian: tampone

Japanese: タンポン (tanpon)

Korean: 탐폰 (tampon)

Portuguese: tampão

Russian: тампо́н (tampón)

Spanish: tampón

Nasalized variant of tapon, from Frankish *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“plug, tap”), cognate with Dutch tappe, German Zapfen, Old English tæppa, English tap.


malware

(computing) malware (software developed to harm a computer system)


sauver

sauver (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sauvant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sauvé (participle past)
sauve (first-person indicative present singular)
sauves (indicative present second-person singular)
sauve (indicative present singular third-person)
sauvons (first-person indicative plural present)
sauvez (indicative plural present second-person)
sauvent (indicative plural present third-person)
sauvais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sauvais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sauvait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sauvions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sauviez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sauvaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sauvai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sauvas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sauva (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sauvâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sauvâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sauvèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sauverai (first-person future indicative singular)
sauveras (future indicative second-person singular)
sauvera (future indicative singular third-person)
sauverons (first-person future indicative plural)
sauverez (future indicative plural second-person)
sauveront (future indicative plural third-person)
sauverais (conditional first-person singular)
sauverais (conditional second-person singular)
sauverait (conditional singular third-person)
sauverions (conditional first-person plural)
sauveriez (conditional plural second-person)
sauveraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
sauve (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sauves (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sauve (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sauvions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sauviez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sauvent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sauvasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sauvasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sauvât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sauvassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sauvassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sauvassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sauve (imperative second-person singular)
sauvons (first-person imperative plural)
sauvez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French saulver, from Old French sauver, salver, from Gallo-Romance salvar, from Late Latin salvāre (“to save”), from Latin salvus.
In the sense specific to North America, a semantic loan from English save.


SSR

w:fr:Société suisse de radiodiffusion et télévision

(broadcasting) Acronym of Société suisse de radiodiffusion et télévision: SRG SSR


grenade

LL-Q150 (fra)-Mathieu Denel WMFr-grenade.wav

Substantive use of Old French grenate in pomme grenate (“pomegranate”), from dialectal northern Italian pom granat, from Medieval Latin pomum granatum (“seeded fruit”), from Latin grānātum. The -d- developed under influence from Spanish granada.

der

(heraldry) pomegranate (Grenade de guerre is used in French to describe a grenade in English heraldry)


cor anglais

→ Greek: κορ ανγκλέ (kor angklé)

/kɔ.ʁ‿ɑ̃.ɡlɛ/

Calque of Middle High German engellisches horn (“angelic horn”), by misunderstanding.


trojan

(computing, Anglicism) trojan, Trojan horse (computing)


microphone

→ Romanian: microfon

→ Turkish: mikrofon


chaîne

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-chaîne.wav

Inherited from Middle French chaisne, from Old French chaene, chaiene, caiene, inherited from Latin catēna. Doublet of cadène and catène. The long vowel derives from the Old French hiatus; by analogy the length was expressed with a silent -s- in Middle French, which was then replaced with the circumflex.

Pouvez-vous changer de chaîne, s’il vous plaît?

En janvier, 6ter a été la première chaîne à diffuser le format original de « Storage Wars » qui se déroule en Californie et qui a réuni 215 000 téléspectateurs lors de la première diffusion, le 3 janvier, en deuxième partie de soirée.

2015 November 21, “« Storage Wars », une chasse au trésor bien artificielle”, in Le Monde:

In January, 6ter was the first channel to broadcast the original format of Storage Wars, which takes place in California and attracted 215,000 viewers for the first broadcast on January 3 during the prime-time slot.


tir

→ Belarusian: цір (cir)

→ Russian: тир (tir)

→ Ukrainian: тир (tyr)

tir précis

tir au canon

tir à l’arc ― archery

shot, shooting (of a weapon) [from 1660]

Un tir a été établi pour les archers dans un des fossés qui se rapprochent de la ville.

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire]:

A range was set up for the archers in one of the ditches that approach the city.


streamer

Alternative form: streameur

(Internet) streamer (one who streams to a live audience online)

(computing) streamer (data storage system)