passage

→ Czech: pasáž

→ German: Passage

→ Polish: pasaż

→ Portuguese: passagem

→ Romanian: pasaj

→ Russian: пасса́ж (passáž)

→ Turkish: pasaj

→ Persian: پاساژ (pâsâž)

(astronomy) Moment when a star or planet occults another, or crosses a meridian


queer

queer (not conforming to traditional sexuality)


quatre-vingts

Louisiana Creole: katre-vin

From quatre (“four”) and vingt (“twenty”), both of which are derived from Latin. The vigesimal pattern of expressing 80 as 4×20, however, is of Celtic origin; see, for example, Welsh deugain (“forty”), trigain (“sixty”), pedwar ugain (“eighty”). (The Latin for 80 is octōgintā.).


TOC

trouble obsessionnel compulsif
trouble obsessionnel compulsif#French

Acronym of trouble obsessionnel compulsif.


nazi

fr-adj

nazi (feminine nazie, masculine plural nazis, feminine plural nazies)

nazie (feminine)
nazis (masculine plural)
nazies (feminine plural)


nazi

Probably from dialectal nase ("snot"). Compare German Nase (“nose”).

(obsolete, slang) Alternative form of nasi (“syphilitic”)


nuance

→ Bulgarian: нюа́нс (njuáns)

→ Czech: nuance

→ Danish: nuance

desctree

→ Dutch: nuance
Afrikaans: nuanse
→ Indonesian: nuansa

→ English: nuance

→ Esperanto: nuanco
→ Ido: nuanco

→ Finnish: nyanssi

→ German: Nuance

→ Norwegian: nyanse

→ Polish: niuans

→ Portuguese: nuance, nuança

→ Romanian: nuanță

→ Russian: нюа́нс (njuáns)

→ Slovak: nuansa

→ Swedish: nyans


rein

Inherited from Middle French rein, from Old French rein, from the plural reins, from Latin rēnes < rēn, from Proto-Italic *hrēn, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“an internal part of the body”).


cœur

Antillean Creole: kè

Haitian Creole: kè, kœ

→ Polish: kier

Inherited from Middle French coeur, from Old French cuer, from Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.


un

une (feminine)
uns (masculine plural)
unes (feminine plural)

Haitian Creole: en

Louisiana Creole: in, un

From Old French un, from Latin ūnum, accusative singular of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


un

head

un m (feminine une, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)


deux

Louisiana Creole: de, dé

Inherited from Middle French deux, from Old French deus, from Latin duōs, masculine accusative plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

de deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre

entre deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre


trois

Haitian Creole: twa

Louisiana Creole: trò, trwa

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *tréyes
Proto-Italic *trēs
Latin trēs
Old French trois
Middle French troys
French trois
Inherited from Old French trois, treis, from Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


quatre

Antillean Creole: katr, kat

Garifuna: gádürü

Guianese Creole: katr, kat

Karipúna Creole French: kat

Louisiana Creole: kat

Seychellois Creole: kat

Tayo: katr

→ English: quatre

Inherited from Old French quatre, qatre, catre, from Latin quattuor, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Compare Catalan quatre, Italian quattro, Portuguese quatro, Spanish cuatro.


cinq

Guianese Creole: senk

Haitian Creole: senk

Karipúna Creole French: sẽk

Louisiana Creole: sink

Mauritian Creole: senk

Seychellois Creole: senk

From Middle French cinq, from Old French cinc, from Vulgar Latin cīnque, dissimilation of Classical Latin quīnque (“five”), from Proto-Italic *kʷenkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe, cognate with Portuguese and Spanish cinco, Italian cinque. Doublet of punch.

Mon père a cinq sœurs.


sept

Louisiana Creole: sèt

Inherited from Middle French sept, from Old French set, from Latin septem (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.


huit

Garifuna: widü

Louisiana Creole: wit

Inherited from Middle French huyct, from Old French uit, from Latin octō, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
The h- was added in Middle French to avoid confusion with vit when the letters u and v were not distinguished; compare the same in huile, etc. That huit does not undergo initial liaison is in fact due to a general rule for numerals (compare un, onze), not to a historically aspirated onset.


neuf

Louisiana Creole: nèf

Inherited from Middle French neuf, from Old French nuef, from Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


neuf

fr-adj

neuf (feminine neuve, masculine plural neufs, feminine plural neuves)

neuve (feminine)
neufs (masculine plural)
neuves (feminine plural)

Louisiana Creole: nèf

Inherited from Middle French neuf, from Old French nuef, from Latin novus, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.

nouveau

new; for items, but those that are not fresh from the factory for example


dix

Haitian Creole: dis

Louisiana Creole: dis

Mauritian Creole: dis

Inherited from Old French dis, from Latin decem, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. For the pronunciation compare six.


onze

Louisiana Creole: onz

Inherited from Middle French unze, onze (“eleven”), from Old French onze, from Latin ūndecim.


douze

Louisiana Creole: douz

Inherited from Old French doze, from Latin duodecim.


treize

Louisiana Creole: trèz

Inherited from Middle French treize, from Old French treize, treze, from Latin trēdecim.


quatorze

Louisiana Creole: katòz

Inherited from Old French quatorze, from Latin quattuordecim.


quinze

Louisiana Creole: kinz

Inherited from Middle French quinze, from Old French, from Latin quīndecim.


seize

Haitian Creole: sèz

Louisiana Creole: sèz

Inherited from Middle French seze, from Old French seize, seze, from Latin sēdecim.


cop

* (cop): Borrowed from English cop.
* (friend): Clipping of copain.


division

→ English: division

→ German: Division

→ Russian: дивизион (divizion)

Inherited from Old French, borrowed from Latin divisiōnem, noun of process form from perfect passive participle divisus (“divided”), from dīvidō (“divide”).


dev

(computing) Synonym of développeur (“dev”)


dame

→ Catalan: dama

→ Danish: dame

→ Friulian: dame

→ Galician: dama

→ German: Dame

→ Persian: دام (dâm)

desctree

→ Italian: dama
→ Ottoman Turkish: دامه (dama)
Turkish: dama
→ Armenian: տամա (tama)

→ Polish: dama

→ Portuguese: dama

→ Romanian: damă

→ Spanish: dama

Inherited from Old French dame, from Late Latin domna, shortened variant of Latin domina.

(in the plural) draughts (UK), checkers (US)


ogre

→ Asturian: ogru

→ Catalan: ogre

→ Dutch: oger

→ English: ogre

→ German: Oger

→ Hungarian: ogre

→ Japanese: オーガ (ōga)

→ Korean: 오거 (ogeo)

→ Malayalam: ഓഗർ (ōgaṟ)

→ Polish: ogr

→ Portuguese: ogro, ogre

→ Spanish: ogro

Inherited from Old French ogre, itself probably an alteration, with influence from words like bougre, of an earlier form *orc, from Latin Orcus (“the underworld; the god Pluto”), with metathesis. According to the Trésor de la langue française informatisé, first attested in the late 12th century meaning 'fierce non-Christian', and ca. 1300 meaning 'human-eating giant' (in fairy tales). Cognate with Old Spanish huerco (“the Devil”), Spanish huerco (“depressed man in the dark”), Italian orco (“ogre, orc”). Doublet of orque.
See also French lutin (“imp, pixie”), possibly from Old French netun (“marine monster”), derived from Latin Neptūnus, and also Old French gene (“mischievous fairy”) and Romanian zână (“fairy”), both inherited forms of Latin Diāna. A sermon by Merovingian French bishop St. Eligius (died 659) advises people against belief in Neptune, Diana, Orcus and Minerva.


duo

→ Romanian: duo

Borrowed from Italian duo. Doublet of deux.

(music) duet (a musical composition for two performers)


quarante

Antillean Creole: karant

Guianese Creole: karant

Haitian Creole: karant, karann

Louisiana Creole: karant, karannt

Aruamu: karaṅt

Seychellois Creole: karant

Inherited from Old French quarante, from Late Latin quarranta, from Vulgar Latin *quadrāntā, from Latin quadrāgintā, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwr̥(d)ḱomt (“four-ten”).


soleil

Inherited from Middle French soleil, from Old French soleil, from Vulgar Latin *sōliculus, diminutive of Latin sōl (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


arbre

Inherited from Old French arbre, from Latin arborem. See also Catalan arbre, Italian albero, Occitan arbre, Portuguese árvore, Romanian arbore.

la pomme ne tombe jamais loin de l’arbre


fleur

Haitian Creole: flè

Inherited from Old French flur, flour, flor, from Latin flōrem (“flower; the finest part of something”), from Proto-Italic *flōs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-s (“flower, blossom”), from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”). In some senses, from Middle French fleur (“surface, upper side, top layer”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *flōraz (“floor”).

inh

Je suis allé cueillir une fleur dans les champs.

Il m’a offert de magnifiques fleurs.

(botany) flower; bloom; blossom; collectively, the reproductive organs and the envelope which surrounds them in angiosperms (also called "flowering plants")

Fleurs de soufre, de zinc, d’arsenic, d’antimoine.

refinements of sulfur, zinc, arsenic, antimony

(archaic, chemistry) Substances with a state of purity or extreme separation, produced by sublimation


couleur

→ Danish: kulør

→ Dutch: kleur

Afrikaans: kleur

→ English: couleur

→ German: Couleur

Haitian Creole: koulè

Louisiana Creole: koulær, koulè, koulèr

→ Low German: Klöör

→ German Low German: Klür

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kulør

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kulør

→ Swedish: kulör

→ West Frisian: kleur

Inherited from Middle French couleur, from Old French color, from Latin colōrem m.

des goûts et des couleurs, on ne discute pas


abeille

→ Esperanto: abelo

Ido: abelo

Inherited from Middle French abeille, from Old Occitan abelha, from Latin apicula, diminutive of apis (whence the Old French ef).


miel

Inherited from Middle French miel, from Old French miel, Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


coke

Borrowed from English coke (“residue from roasting in a coal oven”).


test

From Old French test, from Latin testum. The orthography of this form reflects semi-learned influence; compare the doublet têt.

(marine biology) test, the external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm


lune

Haitian Creole: lalin

Mauritian Creole: lalin

Seychellois Creole: lalin

Inherited from Middle French lune, from Old French lune, from Latin lūna, from Old Latin losna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-. Cognate with Spanish luna, Portuguese lua, Galician lúa, Catalan lluna, and Italian luna.


Nippon

fr-noun

Nippon m (plural Nippons, feminine Nippone or Nipponne)

Nippons (plural)
Nippone (feminine)
Nipponne (feminine)

resident or native of Japan, Japanese person (male or of unspecified gender)


iota

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἰῶτα (iôta).


maison

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French maisun, meson, inherited from Latin mānsiōnem (“abode, home, dwelling”), from maneō (“remain, stay”) (whence also French manoir).
Doublet of mansion, a borrowing.

inh

parler de corde dans la maison d’un pendu


maison

une grande tarte maison

spécialité maison

une engueulade maison

(colloquial, intensifier) first-rate, top-notch


NBC

(weaponry) Initialism of nucléaire, bactériologique, chimique.: NBC (“nuclear, biological, chemical”)


seconde

The first sense is a borrowing from Latin (minuta) secunda.

Quelqu’un quelque part au bout du monde qui pense à la même seconde à la même chose que moi

2018, Zaz (lyrics and music), “J'aime, j'aime”:

Someone somewhere at the end of the world who thinks at the same second of the same thing as me

(music) second (interval between two adjacent notes in a diatonic scale)


once

→ Turkish: ons

(figuratively, by extension) a little bit


bicyclette

→ Asturian: bicicleta

→ Basque: bizikleta

→ Catalan: bicicleta

→ Galician: bicicleta

→ Hijazi Arabic: بُسْكُليتة

→ Italian: bicicletta (see there for further descendants)

→ Malagasy: bisikilety

Mauritian Creole: bisiklet

→ Occitan: bicicleta

→ Portuguese: bicicleta, biciclete

→ Romanian: bicicletă

→ Sicilian: picicaletta

→ Spanish: bicicleta (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: bisiklet

desc

→ Laz: ბისიქლეთი (bisikleti), ბისიქლეტი (bisikleťi)

→ Yiddish: ביציקלעט (bitsiklet)


café

fr-noun

café m (usually uncountable, plural cafés)

Haitian Creole: kafe

Louisiana Creole: kafe

Borrowings

→ Albanian: kafeja

→ Alemannic German: Kaafe

→ Arabic: كَافِيه (kāfē)

Gulf Arabic: كافيه (kāfē)

→ Asturian: café

→ Bulgarian: кафе́ (kafé)

→ Cantonese: 咖啡 (gaa³ fe¹)

Taishanese: 咖啡 (ga¹ fie²)

→ Coeur d'Alene: lkaapi

→ Crimean Tatar: kafe

→ Danish: café

→ English: café

→ German: Café (“café”)

→ German: Kaffee (“coffee”)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kaffe

→ Dutch: café

→ Hebrew: קָפֶה (kafé)

→ Khmer: កាហ្វេ (kaafee)

→ Kumak: kafe

→ Lao: ກາເຟ (kā fē)

→ Luxembourgish: Café

→ Mandarin: 咖啡 (kāfēi)

→ Norman: café

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kaffi

→ Nzadi: kafɛ

→ Ojibwe: aapii

desctree

→ Russian: кафе́ (kafé)
→ Armenian: կաֆե (kafe)
→ Georgian: კაფე (ḳape)
→ Mongolian: кафе (kafe)
→ Ukrainian: кафе́ (kafé)

→ Persian:

Iranian Persian: کافه (kāfe)

→ Portuguese: café, cafè (obsolete)
Kadiwéu: gaape

→ Serbo-Croatian: kafić

→ Spanish: café
→ Cebuano: kape
→ Central Tarahumara: kajé
→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: cafe
→ Hiligaynon: kape
→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: capej
→ Navajo: ahwééh
→ Tagalog: kape
→ Hokkien: 咖啡 (ka-pé)
→ Waray-Waray: kape

→ Swedish: café

→ Tamil: கப்பே (kappē)

→ Thai: กาแฟ (gaa-fɛɛ)

→ West Uvean: kafe

→ Vietnamese: cà phê

Standard French

Belgium

Borrowed from Italian caffè, first appearing as the form caveé, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve) (Turkish kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee”). Doublet of caoua.


lambda

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λάμβδα (lámbda).

bor+

(finance) price elasticity of an option in relation to that of its holder

(ethology) the most ordinary member of a group

(acoustics) a level of intensity equivalent to forty decibels above the threshold for hearing a sound with a frequency of one kilohertz


grue

→ Portuguese: grua

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *grua, from Latin gruem.


métro

→ Belarusian: метро́ (mjetró)

→ Dutch: metro

→ Esperanto: metroo

→ Greek: μετρό (metró)

→ Polish: metro

→ Portuguese: metro, metrô

→ Romanian: metrou

→ Russian: метро́ (metró)

→ Slovak: metro

→ Spanish: metro

→ Turkish: metro

→ Persian: مترو (metro)

→ Ukrainian: метро́ (metró)

metro; subway (US), underground (UK), Tube (UK)


ouest

→ Catalan: oest

→ Galician: oeste

→ Italian: ovest

→ Portuguese: oeste

→ Spanish: oeste

Inherited from Middle French ouest, from Old French ouest, west, borrowed from Old English west (“west”). The English (rather than Dutch or Norse) origin of the French compass directions is evidenced by the vowel in est.


premier

fr-adj

premier (feminine première, masculine plural premiers, feminine plural premières)

première (feminine)
premiers (masculine plural)
premières (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French premier, from Old French premier, from Latin prīmārius. Doublet of primaire.

se moquer comme de sa première chemise de

Le premier élément de la liste est un zéro.


premier

fr-noun

premier m (plural premiers, feminine première)

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: premiê, premier (unadapted form)


cigarette

→ Belarusian: цыгарэта (cyhareta)

→ Catalan: cigarret

→ Danish: cigaret

→ Dutch: sigaret (see there for further descendants)

→ English: cigarette (see there for further descendants)

→ Georgian: სიგარეტი (sigareṭi)

→ German: Zigarette (see there for further descendants)

→ Italian: sigaretta (see there for further descendants)

→ Luxembourgish: Zigarett

→ Norwegian: sigarett

→ Pashto: سګرېټ (segréṭ)

→ Persian: سیگارت (sigâret)

→ Romansch: zigareta, cigaretta (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader)

→ Russian: сигарета (sigareta) (see there for further descendants)

→ Sicilian: sicaretta

→ Swedish: cigarett

Meronyms: filtre, papier, tabac


mètre

Haitian Creole: mèt

Borrowings

→ Albanian: metër

→ Arabic: متر (mitr)

→ Aragonese: metro

→ Armenian: մետր (metr)

→ Asturian: metru

→ Belarusian: метр (mjetr)

→ Bengali: মিটার (miṭar)

→ Bulgarian: метър (metǎr)

→ Catalan: metre

→ Crimean Tatar: metr

→ Czech: metr

→ Danish: meter

desctree

→ Dutch: meter
Afrikaans: meter
→ Aukan: meiti
→ Caribbean Javanese: mèter
→ Indonesian: meter
→ Papiamentu: meter

→ Egyptian Arabic: متر (metr)

→ English: meter, metre (see there for further descendants)

→ Estonian: meeter

→ Faroese: metur

→ Finnish: metri

→ Galician: metro

→ Georgian: მეტრი (meṭri)

→ German: Meter

→ Gujarati: મીટર (mīṭar)

→ Hebrew: מטר (méter)

→ Hindi: मीटर (mīṭar)

→ Hungarian: méter

→ Hunsrik: Meter

→ Icelandic: metri

→ Irish: méadar

→ Italian: metro

→ Japanese: メートル (mētoru)

→ Kannada: ಮೀಟರು (mīṭaru)

→ Khmer: ម៉ែត្រ (maet)

→ Lao: ແມັດ (mæt)

→ Latvian: metrs

→ Limburgish: maeter

→ Lithuanian: metras

→ Lü: ᦶᦙᧆ (maed)

→ Macedonian: метар (metar)

→ Malay: meter

→ Malayalam: മീറ്റർ (mīṟṟaṟ)

→ Maltese: metru

→ Mòcheno: meter

→ Norwegian: meter

→ Persian: متر (metr)

→ Polish: metr

→ Portuguese: metro, metrô (Brazil)
→ Kadiwéu: meetilo

→ Romanian: metru

→ Russian: метр (metr) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian: metar / метар

→ Sinhalese: මීටර් (mīṭar)

→ Slovak: meter

→ Slovene: meter

→ Spanish: metro
→ Tagalog: metro

→ Swedish: meter

→ Tatar: meter

→ Telugu: మీటరు (mīṭaru)

→ Thai: เมตร (méet)

→ Turkish: metre

→ Ukrainian: метр (metr)

→ Urdu: میٹر (mīṭar)

→ Uyghur: مېتىر (mëtir)

→ Vietnamese: mét

→ Yiddish: מעטער (meter)

Borrowed from Latin metrum, itself from Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron).


chocolat

desc

شُوكُولَاتَة

→ Arabic: شُوكُولَاتَة (šukūlāta, šukulāta)

→ Franco-Provençal: ch·ocolât

→ Japanese: ショコラ (shokora)

→ Khmer: សូកូឡា (soukoulaa)

→ Korean: 쇼콜라 (syokolla)

→ Lao: ໂຊໂກລາ (sō kō lā)

→ Lao: ໂຊໂກລາ (sō kō lā)

→ Persian: شکلات (šokolât)

→ Vietnamese: sô-cô-la

→ Ukrainian: шокола́д (šokolád)

Borrowed from Spanish chocolate, from Classical Nahuatl, though the exact derivation is uncertain.


aluminium

Lingala: aluminyu

→ Portuguese: alumínio

→ Vietnamese: nhôm


argon

Lingala: alago


calcium

Lingala: kalisu


scandium

→ Lingala: sekandu


vanadium

Lingala: vanadu


zinc

Moi, mon av’nir est sur le zinc / D’un bistrot des plus cradingues

1980, “Où c’est qu’j’ai mis mon flingue?”, in Marche à l’ombre, performed by Renaud:

(informal) counter (in a bar, café, etc), bar


zinc

Clipping of zincou, verlan form of cousin (“cousin”).


gallium

Lingala: galu


arsenic

Lingala: aseni


indium

Lingala: indu


europium

Coined by chemist Eugène-Anatole Demarçay in 1901 from Europe + -ium.


thallium

→ Turkish: talyum


bismuth

Inherited from Middle French bismuot, bissemut, from German Wismut.


radium

Formed from radio(actif) + -ium; cf. New Latin radium.


fermium

Borrowed from New Latin fermium, named after atomic physicist Enrico Fermi. For the surname see Fermi.


personne

Inherited from Middle French personne, from Old French persone, presonne, from Latin persona, of unknown, perhaps Etruscan, origin.

première personne

deuxième personne

troisième personne


abbé

→ English: abbé

→ German: Abbé

→ Norwegian Bokmål: abbé

→ Slovak: abbé

→ Swedish: abbé

Inherited from Old French abé, borrowed from Latin abbātem, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶ (abbâ), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”). Compare English abbot.

(dated) a low-ranking member of the Roman Catholic clergy in France who is not a member of a religious order, is not a priest, and can marry and inherit property; an honorific title for such a clergymember


kayak

From Inuktitut (Inuvialuktun) ᖃᔭᖅ (qayaq, “man's boat”).


PC

(journalism, in Canada) CP Initialism of Presse canadienne. (Canadian Press)

(education, in Tunisia) CP Initialism of Physique-Chimie. (Engineering stream)


pot

Inherited from Middle French pot, from Old French pot (“pot”), from Vulgar Latin pottum, pottus (“pot, jar”), from Frankish *pott, from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot, jar, tub”), from Proto-Indo-European *budn- (“a kind of vessel”). More at English pot.

der

c’est dans les vieux pots qu’on fait la meilleure soupe

(card games) pot, kitty, pool (money staked at cards, etc.)

(oenology) a half-litre bottle or measure of wine


shekel

From Hebrew שֶׁקֶל (shékel, “shekel”), from שָׁקַל (shakál, “to weigh”).


croissant

→ English: croissant

→ German: Croissant

→ Italian: croissant

→ Korean: 크라상 (keurasang)

→ Malay: roti bulan sabit (calque)

→ Turkish: kruvasan

→ Spanish: cruasán

→ Asturian: curasán

→ Catalan: croissant

→ Portuguese: croassã

Present participle of the verb croître (“to increase, to grow”). From Old French croisant, from earlier creissant, from Latin crēscentem, present active participle of crēscō (“to augment”).

croissant de lune


croissant

fr-adj

croissant (feminine croissante, masculine plural croissants, feminine plural croissantes)

croissante (feminine)
croissants (masculine plural)
croissantes (feminine plural)


pers

pers (feminine perse, masculine plural pers, feminine plural perses)

perse (feminine)
pers (masculine plural)
perses (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Late Latin persus (“Persian”).

bor+

(literary) blue-green (particularly used in reference to eyes)


voyager

voyager (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
voyageant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
voyagé (participle past)
voyage (first-person indicative present singular)
voyages (indicative present second-person singular)
voyage (indicative present singular third-person)
voyageons (first-person indicative plural present)
voyagez (indicative plural present second-person)
voyagent (indicative plural present third-person)
voyageais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
voyageais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
voyageait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
voyagions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
voyagiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
voyageaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
voyageai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
voyageas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
voyagea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
voyageâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
voyageâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
voyagèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
voyagerai (first-person future indicative singular)
voyageras (future indicative second-person singular)
voyagera (future indicative singular third-person)
voyagerons (first-person future indicative plural)
voyagerez (future indicative plural second-person)
voyageront (future indicative plural third-person)
voyagerais (conditional first-person singular)
voyagerais (conditional second-person singular)
voyagerait (conditional singular third-person)
voyagerions (conditional first-person plural)
voyageriez (conditional plural second-person)
voyageraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
voyage (first-person present singular subjunctive)
voyages (present second-person singular subjunctive)
voyage (present singular subjunctive third-person)
voyagions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
voyagiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
voyagent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
voyageasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
voyageasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
voyageât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
voyageassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
voyageassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
voyageassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
voyage (imperative second-person singular)
voyageons (first-person imperative plural)
voyagez (imperative plural second-person)

Voyage, voyage / Plus loin que la nuit et le jour (voyage, voyage) / Voyage (voyage) / Dans l’espace inouï de l’amour

1986, Desireless (lyrics and music), “Voyage, Voyage”, in François:

Voyage, voyage / Further than the night and the day (voyage, voyage) / Voyage (voyage) / In the unheard-of space of love


la

→ Persian: لا (lâ)


dix-neuf

Louisiana Creole: diz-nèf


sole

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.

(carpentry) sole, a piece of timber, a joist

(agriculture) a piece of land devoted to crop rotation


démocratie

→ Danish: demokrati n

desctree

→ Dutch: democratie f, demokratie (before 1996)
Afrikaans: demokrasie
→ Malay: demokrasi
→ Indonesian: démokrasi
→ Peranakan Indonesian: democratie

→ German: Demokratie f

desc

דֵּמוֹקְרַטְיָה

→ Hebrew: דֵּמוֹקְרַטְיָה f

→ Hebrew: דֵּמוֹקְרַטְיָה f

→ Persian: دموکراسی (demokrâsi)

→ Romanian: democrație f

→ Turkish: demokrasi

Inherited from Middle French democratie, from Medieval Latin dēmocratia, from Ancient Greek δημοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (dēmokrătĭ́ā).


maire

fr-noun

maire m (plural maires, feminine maire or mairesse)

maires (plural)
maire (feminine)
mairesse (feminine)

Inherited from Old French maire m, from Latin māior m (“forefathers; mayor”). Compare the doublet majeur.


lexique

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λεξικόν (lexikón), whence English lexicon.


Albert

a male given name, equivalent to English Albert


jet

→ English: jet

Inherited from Old French get, giet, from a Vulgar Latin *iectus, jectus, an alteration of Latin iactus (“a throwing, throw”).


omnibus

Ellipsis of voiture omnibus (“carriage for all”), the latter element being a learned borrowing from Latin omnibus (“for all”), dative plural of omnis (“all”).

lbor

un train omnibus

(rail transport) local (of a train; making stops at all stations)


pied

Haitian Creole: pye

Inherited from Middle French pied, from Old French pié, from Latin pedem. The -d was added to the spelling in Middle French after the Latin form.
Cognate with Italian piede, Catalan peu, Spanish pie, Portuguese pé, and further with English foot, Lithuanian pėda, Persian پا (pâ) etc.

an old unit of measure equal to 32.5 centimetres


baba

C’était un Argentin qui mesurait au moins deux mètres, il souriait tout les temps. J’étais baba devant ses tatouages.

1999, Anna Gavalda, “Ambre”, in Je voudrais que quelqu'un m'attende quelque part, →ISBN:

He was an Argentinian who was at least six foot six. He was always smiling. I was stunned by his tattoos.


cannelle

→ Albanian: kanellë

→ Danish: kanel

→ Icelandic: kanill

→ Latvian: kanēlis

Diminutive of canne (“reed”); from Old French canele, kanele


bill

Borrowed from English bill; doublet of bulle (“bubble”).


Breton

fr-noun

Breton m (plural Bretons, feminine Bretonne)

English: Breton, Briton

From Old French Breton, from Latin Brittō.


Texan

Texan m (plural Texans, feminine Texane)


intelligent

fr-adj

intelligent (feminine intelligente, masculine plural intelligents, feminine plural intelligentes)

intelligente (feminine)
intelligents (masculine plural)
intelligentes (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin intelligentem (“discerning”), present active participle of intellegō (“understand, comprehend”), itself from inter (“between”) + legō (“choose, pick out, read”).


sweat

Les sweats à capuche sont interdits dans certains lieux publics en Grande-Bretagne.

Hoodies are prohibited in some places in Great Britain.


transparent

fr-adj

transparent (feminine transparente, masculine plural transparents, feminine plural transparentes)

transparente (feminine)
transparents (masculine plural)
transparentes (feminine plural)

→ Turkish: transparan

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānspārentem (“transparent”), present participle of transpareō, from Latin trāns + pareō.

bor+

J’étais transparent à ses regards.

un mot transparent

(linguistics) having the same meaning in several languages


Michael

a male given name from English of modern usage


regret

From Middle French regret, from Old French regret (“lamentation, complaint”), deverbal of regreter (“to lament”).


laudanum

fr-noun

laudanum m (usually uncountable, plural laudanums)


gras

fr-adj

gras (feminine grasse, masculine plural gras, feminine plural grasses)

grasse (feminine)
gras (masculine plural)
grasses (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French gras, from Late Latin grassus. Doublet of crasse.


gras

fat (animal tissue or substance resembling it)


langage

Haitian Creole: langaj

→ English: langaj

Mauritian Creole: langaz

Louisiana Creole: langaj

→ Romanian: limbaj (partial calque)

Inherited from Middle French language, from Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *linguāticum, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”) (whence langue). By surface analysis, langue + -age.

inh

programming language
programming language


Moscovite

fr-noun

Moscovite m or f by sense (plural Moscovites)

Muscovite (resident or native of Moscow; used of both genders)


weird

(North America, informal) weird, bizarre


fraction

→ Romanian: fracțiune

→ Turkish: fraksiyon

→ Persian: فراکسیون (ferâksyon)

Inherited from Old French fraction, borrowed from Latin fractiōnem.

En divisant deux par trois, on obtient une fraction irréductible.

When dividing two by three, you get an irreducible fraction.


micro

Vietnamese: mi-crô

mic (“microphone”); Clipping of microphone.


vodka

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).


switch

(especially BDSM) One who is willing to take either a submissive or a dominant role in a sexual relationship.


Charles

→ English: Charles

→ Persian: شارل (šârl)

→ Russian: Шарль (Šarlʹ)

→ Chinese: 夏爾 /夏尔 (Xià'ěr)

From Old French Charles, Carles, from Latin Carolus, from Germanic.

a male given name, equivalent to English Charles


Christopher

Borrowed from English Christopher, as a variant of the standard French Christophe.


Daniel

(biblical) Daniel (biblical book and prophet)

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Daniel


textile

able to be made into textiles; fibrous [from 1752]


PLC

Parti libéral du Canada (canonical masculine)

Parti libéral du Canada
Parti libéral du Canada

Liberal Party of Canada
Liberal Party of Canada

(initialism) (Canadian politics) Parti libéral du Canada — Liberal Party of Canada (LPC)


français

fr-adj

français (feminine française, masculine plural français, feminine plural françaises)

française (feminine)
français (masculine plural)
françaises (feminine plural)

Altered from Middle French françois, from Old French françois, franceis, from France + -ois, corresponding to Early Medieval Latin francēnsis, from Late Latin Francus (“a Frank”). By surface analysis, France + -ais.

Il est l’un des entrepreneurs français les plus connus.

He's one of the most well-known French entrepreneurs.

(Louisiana) Franco-American or Francophone


français

desctree

→ Persian: فرانسه (farânse)
→ Pashto: فرانسه (farānsa)
→ Ottoman Turkish: فرانسه (firansa)
Turkish: Fransa
→ Laz: ჶრანსა (fransa)
→ Armenian: Ֆրանսա (Fransa) — Western Armenian
→ Azerbaijani: Fəransə, Fransa

→ Yoruba: Faran̄sé

Il parle très bien le français.

Elle a fait beaucoup d’efforts pour améliorer son français.

She made a lot of effort to improve her French.

Le français est la sixième langue la plus parlée au monde après le chinois, l’anglais, le hindi, l’espagnol et l’arabe.

French is the sixth most spoken language in the world after Chinese, English, Hindi, Spanish and Arabic.

Fort [adverbe de degré] reste vivant dans le français parlé en Belgique et dans certaines provinces de France ; il est très courant dans la langue écrite : […]

1936, Maurice Grevisse, edited by André Goosse, Le bon usage, 14th edition, published 2008, page 1238:

Strong [adverb of degree] remains alive in the French spoken in Belgium and in certain provinces of France; it's very common in written language: […]

parler français comme une vache espagnole


jambe

Inherited from Old French jambe, from Late Latin gamba.

Il marche sur ses deux jambes.

par-dessus la jambe


jambon

→ English: jambon
→ Irish: siamban

→ Galician: xamón

→ Greek: ζαμπόν (zampón)

→ Persian: ژامبون (žâmbon)

→ Romanian: jambon

→ Spanish: jamón
→ Asturian: xamón
→ Bikol Central: hamon
→ Cebuano: hamon
→ English: jamon
→ Galician: xamón
→ Hiligaynon: hamon
→ Russian: хамо́н (xamón)
→ Tagalog: hamón
→ Taos: xomúnenemą
→ Yogad: hamon

→ Turkish: jambon

→ Vietnamese: giăm-bông, dăm bông

From Middle French jambon, from Old French gambon, gamboun, jaumbeun; equivalent to jambe (“leg”) + -on.


armistice

→ Romanian: armistițiu

Borrowed from Medieval Latin armistitium, from Latin arma (“weapons”) and statio (“immobility”) (compare solstitium). Cognate with Italian armistizio, Spanish armisticio.


accrescent

fr-adj

accrescent (feminine accrescente, masculine plural accrescents, feminine plural accrescentes)

accrescente (feminine)
accrescents (masculine plural)
accrescentes (feminine plural)


Michelle

a female given name, the feminine form of Michel (= Michael), with the latest popularity peak in the 1940s


à

→ Danish: à

→ Dutch: à

→ German: à

→ Hungarian: à

→ Norwegian Bokmål: à, a

→ Swedish: à

Inherited from Old French a, a merge of Latin ad and ab.


banal

banal (feminine banale, masculine plural banals, feminine plural banales)

banale (feminine)
banals (masculine plural)
banales (feminine plural)

→ Belarusian: бана́льны (banálʹny)

→ Catalan: banal

desctree

→ Dutch: banaal
→ Indonesian: banal
→ Malay: banal

→ English: banal

→ German: banal

→ Polish: banalny

→ Portuguese: banal

→ Romanian: banal

→ Russian: бана́льный (banálʹnyj)
→ Georgian: ბანალური (banaluri)

→ Spanish: banal

→ Turkish: banal

→ Ukrainian: бана́льний (banálʹnyj)

→ Macedonian: банално (banalno)

From ban + -al, related to Medieval Latin bannālis, from bannus.

un four banal

un moulin banal

un pressoir banal


injure

Inherited from Old French injurie, borrowed from Latin injuria, iniūria.


rectangle

Borrowed from Medieval Latin or Late Latin rectangulum.

un triangle rectangle

un parallélépipède rectangle

(geometry) right-angled (of a geometric figure)


tangent

fr-adj

tangent (feminine tangente, masculine plural tangents, feminine plural tangentes)

tangente (feminine)
tangents (masculine plural)
tangentes (feminine plural)


mail

Inherited from Latin malleus (“hammer”).


bagel

Borrowed from English bagel, from Yiddish בייגל (beygl); ultimately from Middle High German bouc, boug- (“ring, bracelet”), from Old High German boug (“ring”), from Proto-Germanic *baug- (“ring”) plus *-il (noun suffix).


parachute

→ Azerbaijani: paraşüt

→ Albanian: parashutë

desctree

→ Dutch: parachute
→ Papiamentu: parachüt

→ English: parachute

→ Ottoman Turkish: پاراشوت (paraşüt)

Turkish: paraşüt

→ Russian: парашю́т (parašút)
→ Armenian: պարաշյուտ (parašyut)
→ Kazakh: парашют (paraşüt)

From para- (“protection against”) + chute (“fall”).

af

En dessous il y a les godes et les plugs, rangés par taille sur deux étagères: deux gros plugs, quatre petits, quatre godes doubles, huit godes simples. En dessous il y a le petit matériel, accroché à des clous: cinq paires de pinces à seins différentes, des pinces à linge, un parachute pour les couilles, tin collier de chien, deux cagoules, une en cuir, une en latex, six cockrings, en acier, en cuir, simples ou avec serre-couilles incorporé, deux étuis à bite […]

1996, Guillaume Dustan, Dans ma chambre [In My Room], Paris: POL, page 71; quoted in David Caron, My Father and I: The Marais and the Queerness of Community, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2009, →ISBN, page 106:

Below there are the dildos and plugs, ranging in size on two shelves: two big plugs, four small, four double-dildos, eight simple dildos. Below there is the small equipment, hung on nails: five pairs of different nipple clamps, clothes pegs, a parachute for the balls, a dog collar, two hoods, one leather, one latex, six cockrings, in steel, in leather, simple or with built-in ball clamps, two cock-sleeves […]

(BDSM) parachute (scrotum collar from which weights can be hung)


acétylène

→ English: acetylene


neige

From Middle French nege, naige (14th c.), deverbal from neiger (“to snow”). Displaced related Old French noif, from Latin nix, nivem.

travailler sous la neige


polynomial

fr-adj

polynomial (feminine polynomiale, masculine plural polynomiaux, feminine plural polynomiales)

polynomiale (feminine)
polynomiaux (masculine plural)
polynomiales (feminine plural)


Florence

→ Dutch: Florence

→ English: Florence

Turkish: Floransa

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Florence, feminine form of the saint's name Florent.


plastic

Borrowed from English plastic. Doublet of plastique.


insolent

insolent (feminine insolente, masculine plural insolents, feminine plural insolentes)

insolente (feminine)
insolents (masculine plural)
insolentes (feminine plural)

→ Romanian: insolent

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin īnsolentem.


bar

→ Romanian: bar


bar

From Old French bars (12th c.), from Frankish *bars, from Proto-Germanic *barsaz (“perch”). Depending on the age of the borrowing, it may not be directly from Frankish, but from later Old Dutch (cf. modern Dutch baars). The final -s was interpreted in Old French as the nominative-singular and accusative-plural suffix, leading to the backformation bar.


province

Haitian Creole: pwovens

Borrowed from Latin prōvincia. Doublet of Provence.

(Paris) the countryside; or more broadly, the rest of France (outside Paris)


morose

Borrowed from Latin mōrōsus (“peevish, wayward”).


Lagos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λάγος (Lágos).

A male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Lagus


temple

→ Romanian: templu

Inherited from Old French temple, borrowed from Latin templum.

Le Temple de la renommée du hockey.


solstice

Inherited from Old French solstice, borrowed from Latin solstitium.


pat

→ German: Patt

→ Greek: πατ (pat)

→ Polish: pat

→ Serbo-Croatian: pat

→ Slovak: pat

Borrowed from Italian patta (“tie, draw”), influenced by mat (“mate”).


madeleine

→ Catalan: magdalena

→ English: madeleine

→ German: Madeleine

→ Portuguese: madalena

→ Spanish: magdalena

From earlier gâteau à la Madeleine, after the given name Madeleine (“Magdalene”), of uncertain reference: see more above.

Et bientôt, machinalement, accablé par la morne journée et la perspective d’un triste lendemain, je portai à mes lèvres une cuillerée du thé où j’avais laissé s’amollir un morceau de madeleine.

1913, Marcel Proust, Du côté de chez Swann [Swann's Way] (À la recherche du temps perdu):

And soon, mechanically, weary after a dull day with the prospect of a depressing morrow, I raised to my lips a spoonful of the tea in which I had soaked a morsel of the cake.

madeleine (small gateau in the shape of a scallop shell)


gâteau

Inherited from Middle French gasteau, from Old French gastel, from Frankish *wastil, from Proto-Germanic *wastilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to eat; consume”). Compare Old English wist (“food; provision; feast”) and obsolete English wastel, Sicilian guasteḍḍa (“a kind of round bread”).

cog

a sponge cake, i.e. a cake made with a chemical leavening agent (e.g. baking powder), making it light and airy (as opposed to a denser torte)


businesswoman

fr-noun

businesswoman f (plural businesswomans or businesswomen, masculine businessman)

businesswomans (plural)
businesswomen (plural)
businessman (masculine)


exponentiation

(mathematics) exponentiation (process of calculating a power by multiplying together a number of equal factors, where the exponent specifies the number of factors to multiply)


Qatari

Qatari m (plural Qataris, feminine Qatarie)


violon

→ English: violon

→ Persian: ویولن (viyolon)

desc

→ Lao: ວີໂອລົງ (wī ʼō long)

→ Lao: ວີໂອລົງ (wī ʼō long)

From viole + -on (diminutive suffix). Compare Italian violino.

Sur le toit de la maison, nous jouons du violon.
Sur le toit de la maison, nous jouons du violon.
Son violon fait zig zig.
Ton violon fait zig zig.
Mon violon, mon violon, mon violon fait zig zig zig.
Son violon fait zig zig.
Ton violon fait zig zig.
Mon violon, mon violon, mon violon fait zig zig zig zig zig.

1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:

On the roof of this house, we play the violin.
On the roof of this house, we play the violin.
Their violin goes zig zig.
Your violin goes zig zig.
My violin, my violin, my violin goes zig zig zig.
Their violin goes zig zig.
Your violin goes zig zig.
My violin, my violin, my violin goes zig zig zig zig zig.

Je suis seul, je suis triste.
Tout est noir.
Ici, je n’ai pas d’amis.
Je n’ai pas de musique.
Je n’ai pas de chanson.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.
Il n’y a pas de violon.
Pas de tambour, pas d’accordéon.

I am alone, I am sad.
Everything is black.
Here, I have no friends.
I have no music.
I have no songs.
There are no violins.
No drums, no accordions.
There are no violins.
No drums, no accordions.


sel

Inherited from Middle French sel, from Old French sel, from Latin salem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂l-.


trente

Louisiana Creole: trent

Inherited from Old French trente, from Latin trīgintā, from Proto-Indo-European *tri(d)ḱomt (“thirty”).


Nicolas

a male given name, equivalent to English Nicholas


hamburger

/ɑ̃.bœʁ.ɡœʁ/

/ɑ̃.buʁ.ɡɛʁ/

/ɑ̃.buʁ.ɡœʁ/

From English hamburger, from German Hamburger.


complaisant

fr-adj

complaisant (feminine complaisante, masculine plural complaisants, feminine plural complaisantes)

complaisante (feminine)
complaisants (masculine plural)
complaisantes (feminine plural)


affect

(psychology, philosophy) affect; emotion


coulomb

From the French physicist Charles-Augustin Coulomb.


litre

→ Arabic: لِتْر (litr)

Egyptian Arabic: لتر (letr)

→ Armenian: լիտր (litr)

→ Asturian: llitru

→ Belarusian: літр (litr)

→ Breton: litr

→ Bulgarian: ли́тър (lítǎr)

→ Catalan: litre

→ Central Dusun: liter

→ Czech: litr

→ Danish: liter

→ Dutch: liter

→ English: litre, liter

→ Esperanto: litro

→ Faroese: litur

→ Finnish: litra

→ Galician: litro

→ German: Liter

→ Greek: λίτρο (lítro)

→ Hebrew: ליטר (liter)

→ Hindi: लीटर (līṭar)

→ Hungarian: liter

→ Icelandic: lítri

→ Irish: lítear

→ Italian: litro

→ Japanese: リットル (rittoru), ㍑ (rittoru)

→ Khmer: លីត្រ (liit)

→ Korean: 리터 (riteo)

Kurdish:

→ Central Kurdish: لتر (litr)

→ Latvian: litrs

→ Lithuanian: litras

→ Macedonian: литар (litar)

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: liter

Nynorsk: liter

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: لیتره, لتره (litre)
Turkish: litre
→ Armenian: լիթռա (litʻṙa)

→ Persian: لیتر (litr)

→ Polish: litr

→ Portuguese: litro

→ Romanian: litru

→ Russian: литр (litr)

→ Serbo-Croatian: litar

→ Sicilian: litru

→ Slovak: liter

→ Slovene: liter

→ Spanish: litro

→ Swahili: lita

→ Swedish: liter

→ Tatar: liter

→ Telugu: లీటరు (līṭaru)

→ Thai: ลิตร (lít)

→ Ukrainian: літр (litr)

→ Vietnamese: lít

→ Welsh: litr

Borrowed from Medieval Latin litra, from Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra, “a Sicilian coin, a measure of weight”).


lumen

(physics) lumen (SI unit of measurement)


Larissa

Borrowed from English Larissa in the 20th century.

a female given name, equivalent to English Larissa


grain

Perhaps from etymology 1, referring to hailstones.


violence

Inherited from Old French violence, from Latin violentia, from the adjective violentus, see violent.


radius

Borrowed from Latin radius. Doublet of rai, which was inherited.


propolis

Borrowed from Latin propolis, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek πρόπολις (própolis, “suburb; propolis”), from Ancient Greek προ- (pro-, “pro-”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”).


fatwa

Borrowed from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”).

bor+

(Islam) fatwa (legal opinion issued by a mufti)


club

→ Khmer: ក្លឹប (kləp)

→ Romanian: club

→ Ottoman Turkish: قلوب (klüb)

Turkish: kulüp


virgule

→ Romanian: virgulă

→ Turkish: virgül

→ Persian: ویرگول (virgul)

→ Azerbaijani: vergül

→ Uzbek: vergul

Borrowed from Latin virgula, diminutive of virga (“rod, branch”).

En Europe continentale, la virgule permet de noter la partie décimale; pi vaut environ 3,1415.

In continental Europe, the comma is used to denote the decimal part; pi is about 3.1415.

(mathematics) decimal comma (see usage notes)


signal

desctree

Dutch: signaal, signael (obsolete)
→ Indonesian: sinyal

→ Turkish: sinyal

Re-latinization of Old French segnal, from Medieval Latin signale, from Late Latin signālis, from Latin signum.

Nous verrons bien. C’est le mot du professeur, qui, après avoir baptisé cet îlot volcanique du nom de son neveu, donne le signal de rembarquement.

1864, Jules Verne, Voyage au centre de la Terre, sourced from http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4791:

"That is what we shall see." So says the Professor, who, having named this volcanic islet after his nephew, gives the signal to embark again.


arc

Inherited from Old French arc, from Latin arcus (“bow, arch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.

(geometry) arc, circular arc, circle segment


collage

→ Catalan: collage

→ Chinese: 珂拉琪

→ Dutch: collage

→ English: collage

→ German: Collage

→ Irish: colláis

→ Italian: collage

→ Japanese: コラージュ

→ Korean: 콜라주 (kollaju)

→ Portuguese: colagem (semantic loan)

→ Russian: колла́ж (kolláž) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: kolaj


tire

tire d’érable


mule

Inherited from Old French mule, from Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus.


cent

→ Garifuna: san

Haitian Creole: san

Louisiana Creole: sen

Inherited from Middle French cent, from Old French cent, from Latin centum, from Proto-Italic *kentom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

857324, 162486, 346896, 437916, 423147, 248106, 235421, 261734, 368149. Octillion, Septillion, Sextillion, Quintillion, Quadrillion, Trillion, Billion, Million, Unité. On imagina de le partager par ſixains, (c’eſt-à-dire par tranches de ſix chiffres chacune) allant de droite à gauche, & chaque ſixain reçut le nom d’unité, de million, de billion, de trillion, &c. ſelon ſon rang. Le dernier chiffre à gauche de chaque ſixain exprime donc des cens mille, le cinquième des dix mille, le quatrième des milles, le troiſième des cens, le ſecond des dixaines, & le premier des unités; ainſi, le dernier ſixain étant des octillions, on a 857324 octillions, c’eſt-à-dire, huit cens cinquante-ſept mille trois cens vingt-quatre octillions: on pourſuivra aiſément d’énoncer le reſte de ce grand nombre, en diſant: cent ſoixante-deux mille quatre cens quatre-vingt-ſix ſeptillions, trois cens quarante-ſix mille huit-cens quatre-vingt-ſeize ſextillions, quatre cens trente-ſept mille neuf cens ſeize quintillions, quatre cens vingt-trois mille cent quarante-ſept quadrillions, deux cens quarante-huit mille cent ſix trillions, deux cens trente-cinq mille quatre cens vingt-un billions, deux cens ſoixante-un mille ſept cens trente-quatre millions, trois cens ſoixante-huit mille cent quarante-nuef unités.

1775, N. J. Saladin, Leçons de mathématiques, publiées par ordres de MM. les magistrats de la Ville de Lille : A l’usage des Élèves de leur École publique des Sciences & des Arts, Lille: […] J. B. Henry, […], page 70:


cent

Haitian Creole: san

→ Arabic: سنت (sant)

→ Garifuna: san

Borrowed from English cent, itself from Old French.

(money) cent (one-hundredth of a dollar or of a euro)


outrage

→ Romanian: ultraj (calque)


lion

Haitian Creole: lyon

Mauritian Creole: lyon

Seychellois Creole: lyon

Inherited from Old French lion, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin leōnem, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).


lyre

→ Romanian: liră

→ Turkish: lir


brioche

→ Catalan: brioix

→ English: brioche

→ German: Brioche

→ Hungarian: briós

→ Ido: briocho

→ Italian: brioche

→ Japanese: ブリオッシュ (buriosshu)

→ Portuguese: brioche

→ Sicilian: brioscia

From Old French brier (“to break”) + -oche; compare French broyer.

, Attributed to Marie Antoinette

(baking, cooking) brioche (type of light sweet pastry or bun of French origin)


atlas

→ Romanian: atlas

→ Turkish: atlas


Zeus

→ Vietnamese: Dớt

→ Persian: زئوس (ze'us)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).


template

Anglicism (English template). Possibly a doublet of templet.

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming


type

→ Polish: typ

→ Romanian: tip

→ Persian: تیپ (tip)

→ Turkish: tip

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin typus, from Ancient Greek τύπος (túpos).


sort

Inherited from Old French sort, from Latin sortem, from Proto-Italic *sortis, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind”). Cf. also the borrowed doublet sorte.


plan

→ Central Franconian: Plan

Hunsrik: Plaan

→ German: Plan

→ Norwegian Bokmål: plan

→ Luxembourgish: Plang

→ Ottoman Turkish: پلان
Turkish: plan

→ Persian: پلان (pelân)

→ Polish: plan
→ Kashubian: plan

From earlier plant, derived from the verb planter, or from Latin planus. Doublet of plant or plain, depending on which etymology is right.


té

The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.


béret

→ English: beret

→ Greek: μπερές (berés)

→ Polish: beret

→ Romanian: beretă, beret

desctree

→ Russian: бере́т (berét)
→ Georgian: ბერეტი (bereṭi)
→ Kazakh: берет (beret)

→ Turkish: bere

Borrowed from Occitan (Gascon) berret (“cap”), from Medieval Latin birretum, from Late Latin birrus (“large hooded cloak”), from Gaulish birrus (“short cloak”), from Proto-Celtic *birros (“short”) (compare Welsh byr, Middle Irish berr). Compare biretta, Catalan barret.


major

From Middle French major, from Spanish mayor, from Latin maior. Doublet of maire, majeur, and mayeur. The use for a non-commissioned officer in the French army (since 1972) is a short form of adjudant-major or sergent-major.

non-commissioned officer
non-commissioned officer

(France) the highest non-commissioned officer rank: sergeant major, “major”


quichenotte

Allegedly from Middle English kisse me not, from the use of the cap to discourage English soldiers from dallying with French women during the Hundred Years' War.

a type of women's hat resembling a head scarf, popular in certain areas of France


front

→ Brazilian Portuguese: fronte

→ Bulgarian: фронт (front)

→ Czech: front, fronta

desctree

→ German: Front
→ Hungarian: front
→ Russian: фронт (front)
→ Bashkir: фронт (front)

→ Irish: fronta

→ Macedonian: фронт (front)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: front

→ Polish: front

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: frȍnt, frònta (Croatia)

Cyrillic script: фро̏нт

→ Swedish: front

Inherited from Old French front, from Latin frontem, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰron-t-, from *bʰren- (“project”).


management

Unadapted borrowing from English management.


vision

→ Turkish: vizyon

Inherited from Middle French vision, from Old French vision, borrowed from Latin vīsiō.


don

Inherited from Old French don, from Latin dōnum.


papa

From Middle French papa, child-speak, syllable-repetitive; compare maman.

onomatopoeic

repetitive

pops, any man of roughly fatherly age and appearance


main

→? English: main

→⇒ German: Lamäng

Haitian Creole: men

Louisiana Creole: men

⇒ Mauritian Creole: lame

Inherited from Middle French main, Old French main, mein, man, from Latin manus (“hand”), from Proto-Italic *manus, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-r̥ ~ *mh₂-én-, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”), or perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *mon-u- (see the Proto-Italic entry). Compare Spanish mano.


service

→ Romanian: serviciu

→ Turkish: servis

Inherited from Old French servise, borrowed from Latin servitium (compare Portuguese serviço, Italian servizio, Norman sèrvice, Spanish servicio), from servus.


trust

a trust (a group of businessmen or traders)


aimer

aimer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
aimant (gerund participle present)
aimant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
aimé (participle past)
aimé (participle past)
aime (first-person indicative present singular)
ɛm (first-person indicative present singular)
aimes (indicative present second-person singular)
aime (indicative present singular third-person)
aimons (first-person indicative plural present)
aimons (first-person indicative plural present)
aimez (indicative plural present second-person)
aimez (indicative plural present second-person)
aiment (indicative plural present third-person)
aimais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
aimais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
aimais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
aimais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
aimait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
aimait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
aimions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
aimions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
aimiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
aimiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
aimaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
aimaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
aimai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
aimai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
aimas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
aimas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
aima (historic indicative past singular third-person)
aima (historic indicative past singular third-person)
aimâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
aimâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
aimâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
aimâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
aimèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
aimèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
aimerai (first-person future indicative singular)
aimeras (future indicative second-person singular)
aimera (future indicative singular third-person)
aimerons (first-person future indicative plural)
aimerez (future indicative plural second-person)
aimeront (future indicative plural third-person)
aimerais (conditional first-person singular)
aimerais (conditional second-person singular)
aimerait (conditional singular third-person)
aimerions (conditional first-person plural)
aimerions (conditional first-person plural)
aimeriez (conditional plural second-person)
aimeriez (conditional plural second-person)
aimeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
aime (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ɛm (first-person present singular subjunctive)
aimes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
aime (present singular subjunctive third-person)
aimions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
aimions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
aimiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
aimiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
aiment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
aimasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
aimasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
aimasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
aimasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
aimât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
aimât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
aimassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
aimassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
aimassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
aimassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
aimassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
aimassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
aime (imperative second-person singular)
aimons (first-person imperative plural)
aimons (first-person imperative plural)
aimez (imperative plural second-person)
aimez (imperative plural second-person)

Saint Dominican Creole French: haimé

From the conjugated forms of Old French amer, from Latin amāre (“to love”).

Donne-moi une raison de t’aimer.

J’aime cet homme-ci plus que tout au monde.

I love this man more than anything in the world.

to love (usually of a person, otherwise the meaning is closer to like)


ADN

La police a recours à l'analyse ADN pour identifier les criminels.

Police resort to DNA analysis in order to identify criminals.

acide désoxyribonucléique
acide désoxyribonucléique#French

(biology, genetics) Initialism of acide désoxyribonucléique (“DNA”).


roman

fr-adj

roman (feminine romane, masculine plural romans, feminine plural romanes)

romane (feminine)
romans (masculine plural)
romanes (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin romanusor derived from the French noun below, itself from Old French romanz (“common language”).


double

→ Romanian: dublu

Inherited from Old French doble, from Latin duplus.

une double croche


tsar

desc

→ Persian: تزار (tezâr), تسار (tesâr) (rare)

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of César.


flèche

→ Dutch: flits

→ Middle Low German: flitse [16th c.]

→ German: Flitz

→ English: flèche

Inherited from Middle French fleche, from Old French fleche, from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, borrowed from Frankish *fliukkijā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-, from *plew-.

etymon

(archery, symbol) arrow (projectile or symbol)

(informal, figuratively) bright spark, quick study


souvenir

se souvenir (infinitive reflexive)
s'être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction reflexive)
se souvenant (gerund participle present reflexive)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present reflexive)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present reflexive)
souvenu (participle past reflexive)
me souviens (first-person indicative present reflexive singular)
te souviens (indicative present reflexive second-person singular)
se souvient (indicative present reflexive singular third-person)
nous souvenons (first-person indicative plural present reflexive)
vous souvenez (indicative plural present reflexive second-person)
se souviennent (indicative plural present reflexive third-person)
me souvenais (first-person imperfect indicative reflexive singular)
te souvenais (imperfect indicative reflexive second-person singular)
se souvenait (imperfect indicative reflexive singular third-person)
nous souvenions (first-person imperfect indicative plural reflexive)
vous souveniez (imperfect indicative plural reflexive second-person)
se souvenaient (imperfect indicative plural reflexive third-person)
me souvins (first-person historic indicative past reflexive singular)
te souvins (historic indicative past reflexive second-person singular)
se souvint (historic indicative past reflexive singular third-person)
nous souvînmes (first-person historic indicative past plural reflexive)
vous souvîntes (historic indicative past plural reflexive second-person)
se souvinrent (historic indicative past plural reflexive third-person)
me souviendrai (first-person future indicative reflexive singular)
te souviendras (future indicative reflexive second-person singular)
se souviendra (future indicative reflexive singular third-person)
nous souviendrons (first-person future indicative plural reflexive)
vous souviendrez (future indicative plural reflexive second-person)
se souviendront (future indicative plural reflexive third-person)
me souviendrais (conditional first-person reflexive singular)
te souviendrais (conditional reflexive second-person singular)
se souviendrait (conditional reflexive singular third-person)
nous souviendrions (conditional first-person plural reflexive)
vous souviendriez (conditional plural reflexive second-person)
se souviendraient (conditional plural reflexive third-person)
future of s'être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect reflexive)
conditional of s'être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect reflexive)
me souvienne (first-person present reflexive singular subjunctive)
te souviennes (present reflexive second-person singular subjunctive)
se souvienne (present reflexive singular subjunctive third-person)
nous souvenions (first-person plural present reflexive subjunctive)
vous souveniez (plural present reflexive second-person subjunctive)
se souviennent (plural present reflexive subjunctive third-person)
me souvinsse (first-person imperfect reflexive singular subjunctive)
te souvinsses (imperfect reflexive second-person singular subjunctive)
se souvînt (imperfect reflexive singular subjunctive third-person)
nous souvinssions (first-person imperfect plural reflexive subjunctive)
vous souvinssiez (imperfect plural reflexive second-person subjunctive)
se souvinssent (imperfect plural reflexive subjunctive third-person)
souviens-toi (imperative reflexive second-person singular)
souvenons-nous (first-person imperative plural reflexive)
souvenez-vous (imperative plural reflexive second-person)

Inherited from Middle French soubvenir, from Old French sovenir, from Latin subvenīre (“come to mind, occur to”), from sub + veniō. Doublet of subvenir.

inh

il faut se souvenir que...

Je me souviens de toi.

Est-ce que vous vous souvenez de ce que vous m’avez dit la semaine dernière ?

Do you remember what you told me last week?

+obj

(pronominal) to remember [with de ‘someone/something’; or with que (+ clause) ‘that ...’]


magazine

English magazine, from Middle French magasin (“warehouse, store”), from Italian magazzino (“storehouse”), ultimately from Arabic مَخَازِن pl (maḵāzin), plural of مَخْزَن (maḵzan, “storeroom, storehouse”), noun of place from خَزَنَ (ḵazana, “to store, to stock, to lay up”). Doublet of magasin.


sein

au sein

Inherited from Old French sein, inherited from Latin sinus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sinos. Doublet of sinus. Compare Italian seno, Romanian sân, Romansch sain, Portuguese seio, Spanish seno.

sur votre jeune sein laissez rouler ma tête

Elle a des gros seins


seine

Inherited from Latin sagēna, from Ancient Greek σαγήνη (sagḗnē).


cartouche

Borrowed from Italian cartuccia, a diminutive of carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs).

cartouche (Egyptian hieroglyphic of name)


cartouche

desc

→ Arabic: خَرْطُوش (ḵarṭūš)

→ Arabic: خَرْطُوش (ḵarṭūš)

→ Czech: kartuš

→ Danish: kartouche

→ English: cartouche

→ German: Kartusche

→ Japanese: カルトゥーシュ

→ Ottoman Turkish: خرتوج

Turkish: kartuş

→ Polish: kartusz

→ Portuguese: cartucho

→ Romanian: cartuș

→ Russian: карту́ш (kartúš)

→ Spanish: cartucho
→ Catalan: cartutx

→ Swedish: kartusch


frappe

une petite frappe

Tema la frappe là-bas !

(slang) A very attractive woman, a hottie


frappé

→ Portuguese: frapê, frapé, frappé (unadapted form)

→ Turkish: frape


slip

→ Vietnamese: xi-líp


bustier

→ English: bustier


est

Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.


est

→ Asturian: este

→ Catalan: est

→ Corsican: este, est

→ Galician: leste

→ Italian: est

→ Occitan: èst

→ Portuguese: este, → leste

→ Romanian: est

→ Spanish: este


valétudinaire

Learned borrowing from Latin valētūdinārius.


puce

Inherited from Old French puce, pulce, from Latin pūlicem, from Proto-Indo-European *plúsis (“flea”).


clitoris

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κλειτορίς (kleitorís).

Les personnes qui prennent de la testostérone dans le cadre d’une transition de genre médicale de femme à homme ont également un clitoris dont la taille est au-dessus de la moyenne.

People who take testosterone as part of a female-to-male medical gender transition also have a clitoris of above-average size.


pirate

Inherited from Old French pirate, borrowed from Latin pīrāta.


nutrition

Borrowed from Late Latin nūtrītiōnem, from Latin nūtriōnem.


alsacien

fr-adj

alsacien (feminine alsacienne, masculine plural alsaciens, feminine plural alsaciennes)

alsacienne (feminine)
alsaciens (masculine plural)
alsaciennes (feminine plural)


alsacien

Alsatian; dialect of German spoken in what is today France


timbre

→ Hausa: tambur

→ Khmer: តែម (taem)

desctree

→ Iranian Persian: تَمْبْر (tambr)
→ Azerbaijani: təmr

→ Luxembourgish: Timber

→ Moroccan Arabic: تنبر (tanbar)

→ Vietnamese: tem

Inherited from Old French timbre, via Byzantine Greek, from Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon, “drum”). Less likely a direct descendant of Latin tympanum. Doublet of tympan.


bureau

→ Brazilian Portuguese: birô

→ Catalan: buró

→ Crimean Tatar: büro

→ Dutch: bureau

→ English: bureau

→ German: Büro

→ Haitian Creole: biwo

→ Lingala: biló

→ Piedmontese: burò

→ Polish: biuro

→ Romanian: birou

→ Russian: бюро́ (bjuró)

→ Sedang: bơrô

→ Serbo-Croatian: biro

→ Spanish: buró

→ Swedish: byrå

→ Tamil: பீரோ (pīrō)

→ Turkish: büro

Inherited from Old French burel, diminutive of *bure (compare Middle French bure (“coarse woolen cloth”), French bourre (“hair, fluff”)), from Late Latin burra (“wool, fluff, shaggy cloth, coarse fabric”); akin to Ancient Greek βερβέριον (berbérion, “shabby garment”).

cog

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(computing, graphical user interface) desktop (on-screen background)


beau

fr-adj

beau (masculine singular before vowel bel, feminine belle, masculine plural beaux, feminine plural belles)

bel (before-vowel masculine singular)
belle (feminine)
beaux (masculine plural)
belles (feminine plural)

→ English: beau, Beau, belle, Belle

Inherited from Middle French beau, from Old French biau, bel, from Latin bellus.


corpus

Unadapted borrowing from Latin corpus (“body”). Doublet of corps.


Sarah

A spelling variant of the biblical given name Sara.


batter

batter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
battant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
batté (participle past)
batte (first-person indicative present singular)
battes (indicative present second-person singular)
batte (indicative present singular third-person)
battons (first-person indicative plural present)
battez (indicative plural present second-person)
battent (indicative plural present third-person)
battais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
battais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
battait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
battions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
battiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
battaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
battai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
battas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
batta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
battâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
battâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
battèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
batterai (first-person future indicative singular)
batteras (future indicative second-person singular)
battera (future indicative singular third-person)
batterons (first-person future indicative plural)
batterez (future indicative plural second-person)
batteront (future indicative plural third-person)
batterais (conditional first-person singular)
batterais (conditional second-person singular)
batterait (conditional singular third-person)
batterions (conditional first-person plural)
batteriez (conditional plural second-person)
batteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
batte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
battes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
batte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
battions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
battiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
battent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
battasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
battasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
battât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
battassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
battassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
battassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
batte (imperative second-person singular)
battons (first-person imperative plural)
battez (imperative plural second-person)


label

Borrowed from English label, itself from Old French label, lambel (“fringe, strip”), 1899.


follower

(Internet) follower (on Twitter and similar sites)


follower

follower (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
followant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
followé (participle past)
followe (first-person indicative present singular)
followes (indicative present second-person singular)
followe (indicative present singular third-person)
followons (first-person indicative plural present)
followez (indicative plural present second-person)
followent (indicative plural present third-person)
followais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
followais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
followait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
followions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
followiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
followaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
followai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
followas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
followa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
followâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
followâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
followèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
followerai (first-person future indicative singular)
followeras (future indicative second-person singular)
followera (future indicative singular third-person)
followerons (first-person future indicative plural)
followerez (future indicative plural second-person)
followeront (future indicative plural third-person)
followerais (conditional first-person singular)
followerais (conditional second-person singular)
followerait (conditional singular third-person)
followerions (conditional first-person plural)
followeriez (conditional plural second-person)
followeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
followe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
followes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
followe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
followions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
followiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
followent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
followasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
followasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
followât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
followassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
followassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
followassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
followe (imperative second-person singular)
followons (first-person imperative plural)
followez (imperative plural second-person)

(Internet) to follow (on Twitter and similar sites)


tableau

Haitian Creole: tablo

→ English: tableau

→ German: Tableau

desc

→ Greek: ταμπλό (tampló), ταμπλώ n (tampló)

→ Romanian: tablou

→ Russian: табло́ (tabló)

→ Turkish: tablo

→ Ukrainian: табло́ (tabló)


table

Louisiana Creole: latab

→ Bulgarian: табла (tabla)

→ Macedonian: табла (tabla)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: табла

Latin script: tabla

Inherited from Old French table, from Latin tabula (“tablet”). Doublet of tôle and taule.

Pourquoi as-tu laissé ces livres sur la table ?

Why did you leave these books on the table?

(countable) table (furniture with a top surface to accommodate a variety of uses)


harpe

From Late Latin harpa, from Proto-Germanic *harpǭ.


aber

(geography) a ria, especially one in Brittany


lento

Borrowed from Italian lento. Doublet of lent.


top

top; shirt or garment covering the upper body


libido

fr-noun

libido f (usually uncountable, plural libidos)

→ Turkish: libido


Khmer

Khmer m (plural Khmers, feminine Khmère)


ton

Inherited from Old French ton, tos, from Latin tuus.

Tu as pensé à prendre ton livre ?

Ton écriture est jolie.

J’aime beaucoup ton manteau.

1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel

For the singular persons there are gender-neutral neologisms man


ton

→ Turkish: ton

Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of tonus, a later borrowing.

Il y a un ton entre do et ré

Je n’aime pas le ton sur lequel tu me parles!

I don’t like your tone! (I don’t like the way you are talking to me!)

Différents tons de rouge.


nord

→ Asturian: norte

→ Catalan: nord

→ Galician: norte, norde

→ Italian: nord

→ Portuguese: norte

→ Romanian: nord

→ Romansch: nord

→ Spanish: norte

Inherited from Middle French nord, nort, from Old French nort(h), borrowed from Old English norþ (“north”), which see. The English (rather than Dutch or Norse) origin of the French compass points is evidenced by the vowel in est.


nymphe

→ Turkish: nemf

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French nimphe, borrowed from Latin nympha or nymphē (“nymph”), from Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “young woman, nymph”).


rude

Inherited from Old French rude, a borrowing from Latin rudis (“unwrought”).


direct

Borrowed from Latin dīrectus. Doublet of droit, which was inherited.


trait

Inherited from Old French trait, from Latin tractus.

(religion) verses sung in a Mass between the gradual and the gospel reading

(geology) color of the dust produced by a mineral

(chess, checkers) the privilege of taking the first turn/move


vain

fr-adj

vain (feminine vaine, masculine plural vains, feminine plural vaines)

vaine (feminine)
vains (masculine plural)
vaines (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French vain, from Latin vānus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“empty”).


moment

→ Persian: ممان (momân)

Ça fait un moment que je l’attends


hymne

→ Romanian: imn n

Inherited from Middle French hymne, hynne, from Old French ymne m or f, from Latin hymnus m, from Ancient Greek ὕμνος m (húmnos).
Formerly pronounced /in/ (as still in automne, damner); the modern pronunciation under influence of the spelling.


passer

passer (infinitive)
avoir (infinitive multiword-construction)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
passant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
passé (participle past)
passe (first-person indicative present singular)
passes (indicative present second-person singular)
passe (indicative present singular third-person)
passons (first-person indicative plural present)
passez (indicative plural present second-person)
passent (indicative plural present third-person)
passais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
passais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
passait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
passions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
passiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
passaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
passai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
passas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
passa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
passâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
passâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
passèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
passerai (first-person future indicative singular)
passeras (future indicative second-person singular)
passera (future indicative singular third-person)
passerons (first-person future indicative plural)
passerez (future indicative plural second-person)
passeront (future indicative plural third-person)
passerais (conditional first-person singular)
passerais (conditional second-person singular)
passerait (conditional singular third-person)
passerions (conditional first-person plural)
passeriez (conditional plural second-person)
passeraient (conditional plural third-person)
present indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
past historic of avoir (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
future of avoir (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
passe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
passes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
passe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
passions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
passiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
passent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
passasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
passasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
passât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
passassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
passassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
passassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
passe (imperative second-person singular)
passons (first-person imperative plural)
passez (imperative plural second-person)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
simple imperative of avoir (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
être + past participle (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)

→ Alemannic German: passiere

→ German: passieren

desc

Romanian: → pasa, → trece (semantic loan)

Inherited from Middle French passer, from Old French passer, from Vulgar Latin *passāre, derived from Latin passus (“step”, noun).

passer une loi

(sports) to pass (kick, throw, hit etc. the ball to another player)

(card games) to pass (not play upon one's turn)


final

fr-adj

final (feminine finale, masculine plural finals or finaux, feminine plural finales)

finale (feminine)
finals (masculine plural)
finaux (masculine plural)
finales (feminine plural)

→ Romanian: final

→ Turkish: final

(linguistics, grammar) expressing purpose


corps

Karipúna Creole French: kó

→ Danish: korps

→ English: corps

→ Dutch: corps, korps

→ German: Korps

→ Norwegian Bokmål: korps

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: korps

→ Romanian: corp (in part)

→ Swedish: kår

Inherited from Middle French cors, from Old French cors, inherited from Latin corpus (“body”). The p was added back to reflect the Latin etymology. Doublet of corpus.

(mathematics) field (in abstract algebra)


idiot

fr-noun

idiot m (plural idiots, feminine idiote)

→ Polish: idiota

From Old French idiot (cf. also the older form idiote), borrowed from Latin idiōta, from Ancient Greek ἰδιώτης (idiṓtēs, “layman”) from ἴδιος (ídios, “private”).


dreadnought

dreadnought (battleship in which most of the firepower is concentrated in large guns that are of the same caliber)


automobile

desctree

→ Danish: automobil, bil
→ Faroese: bilur
→ Greenlandic: biili
→ Icelandic: bíll
→ Norwegian Bokmål: bil
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bil
→ Swedish: bil

→ Dutch: automobiel

→ English: automobile

→ German: Automobil

→ Moroccan Arabic: طمبيل (ṭumubīl)

→ Russian: автомоби́ль (avtomobílʹ)
→ Armenian: ավտոմոբիլ (avtomobil)
→ Azerbaijani: avtomobil
→ Crimean Tatar: avtomobil
→ Georgian: ავტომობილი (avṭomobili)
→ Ingrian: automobili
→ Kazakh: автомобиль (avtomobil)
→ Kyrgyz: автомобиль (avtomobil)
→ Turkmen: awtomobil
→ Uyghur: ئاپتوموبىل (aptomobil)
→ Uzbek: avtomobil

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós)
Ancient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)lbor.
French auto-
Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *moweō
Latin moveō
Latin -bilis
Latin mōbilislbor.
French mobile
French automobile
From auto- + mobile, as the vehicle is powered by an engine rather than pulled by horses.

etymon

L’automobile est un moyen de déplacement pratique à la campagne, mais cher et polluant.

The automobile is a practical means of travel in the countryside, but it's expensive and polluting.


dragon

fr-noun

dragon m (plural dragons, feminine dragonne)

→ Albanian: dragun

→ Armenian: դրագուն (dragun)

→ Azerbaijani: draqun

→ Bashkir: драгун (dragun)

→ Belarusian: драгун (drahun)

→ Breton: dragun

→ Bulgarian: драгун (dragun)

→ Catalan: dragon

→ Cebuano: dragun

→ Crimean Tatar: dragun

→ Czech: dragoun

→ Danish: dragon

→ English: dragoon

→ Esperanto: dragono

→ Estonian: tragun

→ Gagauz: dragun

→ Georgian: დრაგუნი (draguni)

→ German: Dragoner
→ Dutch: dragonder

→ Greek: δραγόνος (dragónos)

→ Hebrew: דרגון (dragún)

→ Hungarian: dragonyos

→ Icelandic: dragoní

→ Ido: dragono

→ Irish: dragún

→ Japanese: ドラグーン (doragūn)

→ Kazakh: драгун (dragun)

→ Kyrgyz: драгун (dragun)

→ Latvian: dragūns

→ Lithuanian: dragūnas

→ Macedonian: драгун (dragun)

→ Mongolian: драгун (dragun)

→ Norwegian: dragon

→ Occitan: dragon

→ Polish: dragon

→ Romanian: dragon

→ Russian: драгун (dragun)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: драґун (dragun)

→ Serbo-Croatian: dragun / драгун

→ Slovak: dragún

→ Slovene: dragonec

→ Spanish: dragón

→ Swedish: dragon
→ Finnish: rakuuna

→ Tagalog: dragun

→ Tajik: драгун (dragun)

→ Tatar: драгун (drağun)

→ Turkish: dragon

→ Turkmen: dragun

→ Ukrainian: драгун (drahun)

→ Uzbek: dragun

→ Waray-Waray: dragun

→ Welsh: dragŵn

→ Zazaki: dragun

Inherited from Old French dragon, perhaps borrowed from Old Occitan dragon, from Latin dracō, from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn). Doublet of drac.


canon

→ Turkish: kanon

Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.

der

(slang) hottie, dish, bombshell (attractive man/woman)


canon

From the above noun (see sense 4) by conversion.

Cette nouvelle coupe de cheveux te va trop bien, t’es canon!

This new hair really suits you, you're hot!


sabre

→ English: sabre


tube

→ Romanian: tub

→ Turkish: tüp

Chacune de ses chansons était un tube.


brebis

Inherited from Old French berbis, berbiz, from Vulgar Latin *berbicem, from Late Latin berbēcem, from Latin vervēx (“wether”).


mode

Inherited from Middle French mode, from Old French mode f, ultimately from Latin modus m. The masculine gender was reintroduced for some senses during the Middle French period under influence of the Latin. Doublet of mœuf.


cancer

→ Romanian: cancer

→ Turkish: kanser

Borrowed from Latin cancer. Doublet of chancre, which was inherited, and cancre.


rouge

→ English: rouge

Haitian Creole: rouj, wouj

→ Hijazi Arabic: روج (rōj)

→ Japanese: ルージュ (rūju)

→ Korean: 루주 (ruju)

Louisiana Creole: rouj

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rouge

→ Serbo-Croatian: ruž

→ Swedish: rouge

→ Turkish: ruj

Inherited from Middle French rouge, from Old French roge, rouge, from Latin rubeus.


crack

(computing) crack (program or procedure designed to circumvent restrictions)


glottal

fr-adj

glottal (feminine glottale, masculine plural glottaux, feminine plural glottales)

glottale (feminine)
glottaux (masculine plural)
glottales (feminine plural)

Derived from glott(e) (“glottis”) + -al (“-al”, adjectival derivational suffix).

af

(phonetics) articulated with the glottis, glottal


adresse

Inherited from Middle French [Term?], from Old French adrece, from Old French adresser. Equivalent to a deverbal from adresser.

(computing) address (location or instructions to location a piece of data)


douzaine

Haitian Creole: douzèn

→ Danish: dusin

→ English: douzaine

→ Norwegian: dusin

→ Russian: дю́жина (djúžina) (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Middle French douzaine, from Old French dozaine, from doze (“twelve”), from Vulgar Latin *dōdeci, from Latin duodecim.
Equivalent to douze + -aine.


centaine

(in the plural) hundreds (in arithmetic)


quarantaine

→ Danish: karantæne

→ Dutch: quarantaine

→ German: Quarantäne

From quarante + -aine, the medical sense a calque of Italian quarantena.

(medicine) quarantine (isolation to prevent contamination)


quinzaine

Donnez-m’en une quinzaine.

Nous étions une quinzaine.

about fifteen people, about fifteen things, etc.


huitante

Inherited from Old French oitante, uitante, from Latin octāgintā, variant of octōgintā (“eighty”), from Proto-Indo-European *oktōḱomt, from earlier *oḱto(w)-dḱomt (“eight-ten”). Cognate with Jèrriais huiptante, Valencian Catalan huitanta. Doublet of octante.

Il a écrit huitante mots.

(obsolete outside Vaud, Valais and Fribourg in Switzerland and other dialects: Acadia, Cajun) eighty


nonante

Inherited from Old French nonante, from Latin nōnāgintā, from earlier *nūnāgintā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥dḱomt (“nine tens”).

inh

Il a attendu nonante minutes.

(Switzerland, Belgium, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Acadia) ninety

Democratic Republic of the Congo; Acadia; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Acadia


gel

→ Persian: ژل (žel)

Inherited from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). For the sense of "gel", compare English gel; compare gélatine.

(seasons, time) freeze-up, one of the 6 seasons of high latitudes; the freeze.


abstème

(Quebec, law, historical) refusing to receive communion in Church under the species of wine


partir

partir (infinitive)
avoir (infinitive multiword-construction)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
partant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
parti (participle past)
pars (first-person indicative present singular)
pars (indicative present second-person singular)
part (indicative present singular third-person)
partons (first-person indicative plural present)
partez (indicative plural present second-person)
partent (indicative plural present third-person)
partais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
partais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
partait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
partions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
partiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
partaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
partis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
partis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
partit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
partîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
partîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
partirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
partirai (first-person future indicative singular)
partiras (future indicative second-person singular)
partira (future indicative singular third-person)
partirons (first-person future indicative plural)
partirez (future indicative plural second-person)
partiront (future indicative plural third-person)
partirais (conditional first-person singular)
partirais (conditional second-person singular)
partirait (conditional singular third-person)
partirions (conditional first-person plural)
partiriez (conditional plural second-person)
partiraient (conditional plural third-person)
present indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of avoir (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
être + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
past historic of avoir (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
future of avoir (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
parte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
partes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
parte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
partions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
partiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
partent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
partisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
partisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
partît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
partissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
partissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
partissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of avoir (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
être + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
pars (imperative second-person singular)
partons (first-person imperative plural)
partez (imperative plural second-person)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction second-person singular)
simple imperative of avoir (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
être + past participle (first-person imperative multiword-construction plural)
simple imperative of avoir (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)
être + past participle (imperative multiword-construction plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French partir, from Old French partir, from Latin partīre.

rien ne sert de courir, il faut partir à point

Attributed to Alphonse Allais
Partir, c’est mourir un peu, mais mourir, c’est partir beaucoup.

Parting is a little bit of dying, but dying is the great parting.

(intransitive) to go away, leave, depart


esse

The name of the Latin-script letter S/s.


latte

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: لاطه (lata)
Turkish: lata
→ Armenian: լաթա (latʻa)

Inherited from Middle French latte, from Old French latte, late, from a Germanic source, probably Frankish *latta, from Proto-Germanic *lattō. See also German Latte, Dutch lat, and English lath and lattice.


balustrade

→ English: balustrade

→ Russian: балюстрада (baljustrada)
→ Georgian: ბალუსტრადა (balusṭrada)

Borrowed into Middle French from Italian balaustrata.

(architecture) balustrade [from 16th c.]


ken

Clipping of kéni, the verlan form of niquer.

J’sais même plus laquelle j’ai ken, j’sais qu’elle kiffe la dégaine

2017, “Je m’isole”, in Dans l’arène, performed by Djadja & Dinaz:

I don't remember which one I screwed, I know she loves the way of looking.

Elle peut tout faire. Lui, c’est juste Ken.

She can do anything. He can just Ken/fuck.


bout

From Middle French, from Old French bout (“a blow”), derivative of bouter (“to strike”), of Germanic origin. More at bouter.

à bout

to the limit, without any room for manoeuvre

de bout en bout

from start to finish, from one end to the other

ne pas regarder plus loin que le bout de son nez

ne pas voir plus loin que le bout de son nez

regarder par le petit bout de la lorgnette


direction

→ Turkish: direksiyon

→ Hijazi Arabic: دركسون (diriksōn)

(mechanics) Set of subsystems which allow to orient the wheels of a vehicle.


jas

From Occitan jatz, from Vulgar Latin *jacium, from jacēre, jaceō. Compare gésir (“to lie, to be buried”) and gîte (“lodging”).


calque

→ Belarusian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Bulgarian: ка́лка (kálka)

→ Catalan: calc (semantic loan)

→ Czech: kalk

→ English: calque

→ Georgian: კალკი (ḳalḳi)

→ Italian: calco (semantic loan)

→ Latvian: kalks

→ Macedonian: калка (kalka)

→ Polish: kalka

→ Romanian: calc

→ Russian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̏лк (kȁlk)

→ Slovak: kalk

→ Slovene: kalk

→ Spanish: calco (semantic loan)

→ Ukrainian: ка́лька (kálʹka)

→ Yiddish: קאַלקע (kalke)

Deverbal from calquer, borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calcāre (“to tread”).


soul

fr-adj

soul (feminine soule, masculine plural souls, feminine plural soules)

soule (feminine)
souls (masculine plural)
soules (feminine plural)

post-1990 spelling of soûl, itself an alternative form of saoul (“drunk”)


canard

fr-noun

canard m (plural canards, feminine cane)

→ Dutch: canard

→ English: canard

→ German: Ente (semantic loan)

→ Italian: canard

→ Portuguese: canard

→ Vietnamese: tin vịt (calque)

Inherited from Middle French canard, from Old French canart, quanart (“duck”), from cane (“female duck", also "boat”), perhaps ultimately from the same imitative root as caner (“cackle, prattle”) or from Old French cane (“boat, ship; waterbird”), from Frankish *kano, from Proto-West Germanic *kanō, from Proto-Germanic *kanô (“boat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *gan-, *gandʰ- (“vessel, tub”). + -ard (suffix), from Frankish *-hard (“hardy, bold”), from Proto-Germanic *harduz (“hard”). Cognate with Middle High German -hart. More at hard.
Compare Norwegian kane (“swan-shaped vessel”), German Kahn (“boat”), Old Norse kæna (“little boat”), and possibly Old Norse knǫrr (“ship”) (whence also Late Latin canardus (“ship”), from Germanic; and Old English cnearr (“merchant ship”)). Related to French canot (“little boat”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

inh

il y a plusieurs façons de plumer un canard


confident

fr-noun

confident m (plural confidents, feminine confidente)

confidents (plural)
confidente (feminine)

→ Catalan: confident (calque)


bolide

→ Czech: bolid

→ Dutch: bolide

→ English: bolide

→ Polish: bolid

→ Portuguese: bólide

→ Romanian: bolid

→ Slovak: bolid

→ Spanish: bólido

Learned borrowing from Latin bolis, from Ancient Greek βολίς (bolís).


lire

Borrowed from Italian lira, compare French livre.


Aaron

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Aaron


abricot

→ Basque: abrikot

→ Portuguese: abricote, abricó

From Middle French abricot, from dialectal Catalan abrecoc, abricoc, variants of standard albercoc, from Arabic اَلْبَرْقُوق (al-barqūq, “plums”), from Byzantine Greek βερικοκκία pl (berikokkía), from Ancient Greek πραικόκιον (praikókion), from Late Latin (persica) praecoqua pl, (mālum) praecoquum, neuter of Latin (persicum) praecox (literally “early-ripening peach”). Doublet of précoce.

bor

اَلْبَرْقُوق


abricot

bor

اَلْبَرْقُوق


barbe à papa

fairy floss (Australia), cotton candy (US, Canada), candy floss (UK)


barbe

Inherited from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe, from Latin barba, from earlier *farba, from Proto-Italic *farβā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂ (“beard”).

La besogne des bœufs terminée, vinrent des serviteurs qui, armés d’écopes de bois, élevaient le blé en l’air et le laissaient retomber pour le séparer des pailles, des barbes et des cosses.

1858, Théophile Gautier, Le Roman de la momie:

The work of the oxen finished, servants came who, armed with wooden scoops, lifted the wheat into the air and let it fall back to separate the straw, the barbs, and the seed pods.


gris

→ Greek: γκρι (gkri)

Louisiana Creole: gri

Mauritian Creole: gri

→ Portuguese: griso

→ Romanian: gri

Seychellois Creole: gri

→ Turkish: gri

Derived from Old French or Old Occitan, both from Frankish *grīs, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”). Akin to Old High German grīs (“grey”) (German greis) and Dutch grijs (“grey”). More at grizzle.


spot

(cinematography, theater) spotlight, spot

(television) spot; a brief segment on television


liaison

→ English: liaison

→ Italian: liaison

Inherited from Old French, from Late Latin ligātiōnem, derived from Latin ligō (“bind”), or formed from lier + -aison based on the Latin word. Compare also Old Occitan liazó, liazon.

(linguistics) liaison (phonological phenomenon)


admirable

Inherited from Middle French admirable, borrowed from Latin admirābilis.


admittance

(physics) admittance (the reciprocal of impedance)


affaire de cœur

fr-noun

affaire de cœur f (plural affaires de cœur)

LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-affaire de cœur.wav

matter of the heart
matters of the heart

affair of the heart
affairs of the heart

matter of the heart, affair of the heart (matter relating to one's love life)


sphinx

sphinx m (plural sphinx, feminine sphinge)

Borrowed from Latin sphinx f, from Ancient Greek Σφίγξ (Sphínx).

(Egyptian mythology, Greek mythology) sphinx


clapier

Inherited from Old French clapier (“brothel”), from Old Occitan clapier (“rabbit hutch”), from clap (“heap of stones”), from Medieval Latin claperius, possibly of Pre-Roman or Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *klappo, *klapf-.


bride

→ Portuguese: brida

Inherited from Middle French bride, from Old French bride (“rein, bridle”), from Middle High German brīdel (“rein, bridle”), from Old High German brīdil (“rein, bridle”) (compare also Old High German brittil (“rein, strap”), French bretelle), from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil (“bridle”).
Compare Spanish brida, Italian briglia. More at bridle.

der

à cheval donné on ne regarde pas la bride


fils

Inherited from Old French fils, fiz, fil, from Latin filius (“son”). Cognate to Spanish hijo, Portuguese filho, , Italian figlio and Romanian fiu, among others.
Final -s regularly became mute before consonants in late Old French but was then still pronounced in pausa. In the 18th century, these pausal forms widely fell out of use; they remained, however, as variants in a small number of words (cf. tous, ours). By the 20th century, the regular pronunciation /fi/ had become archaic or dialectal.

Jr. (postnominal designator indicating a son with the same name as the father)

darling, dear (term of affection for a male beloved)


vélo

→ Alemannic German: Welo, Velo

→ Dutch: velo

→ German: Velo

→ Lingala: veló

Clipping of vélocipède (“velocipede”), which is now obsolete.

faire du vélo

J’adore le vélo.

(informal) cycling (the activity of riding bicycles)


alliance

→ Polish: alians

→ Portuguese: aliança

desctree

→ Russian: алья́нс (alʹjáns), алья́нсъ (alʹjáns) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: ալյանս (alyans)
→ Kazakh: альянс (aläns)

→ Turkish: alyans


gnome

fr-noun

gnome m (plural gnomes, feminine gnomide or gnomesse or gnomette)

gnomes (plural)
gnomide (feminine)
gnomesse (feminine)
gnomette (feminine)

→ Danish: gnom

→ English: gnome

→ Norwegian Bokmål: gnom

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: gnom

From New Latin gnomus, not attested classically. .


gnomon

Borrowed from Latin gnōmōn, from Ancient Greek γνώμων (gnṓmōn, “indicator”).