thalamus

→ Persian: تالاموس (tâlâmus)

Borrowed from New Latin, from Latin thalamus, from Ancient Greek θάλαμος (thálamos).


pli

→ Swedish: pli


cor anglais

→ Greek: κορ ανγκλέ (kor angklé)

/kɔ.ʁ‿ɑ̃.ɡlɛ/

Calque of Middle High German engellisches horn (“angelic horn”), by misunderstanding.


trojan

(computing, Anglicism) trojan, Trojan horse (computing)


lumbago

Firmin souffrait d’un lumbago; il ne pouvait plus «mouveter», le pauvre !

Firmin had lumbago; he could no longer move a muscle, poor man!

(pathology) lumbago (pain in the lower back)


kapo

Borrowed from German Kapo, from Italian capo.


lendemain

Univerbation of l’ (an apocopic form of la, la before a vowel) + endemain, itself a univerbation of en and demain. Compare Italian l'indomani.

J’ai un examen le lendemain de mon mariage


veille

la veille de Noël

la veille du jour de l’an

Jusqu’à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale, la cause de l’immigration italienne en France était essentiellement économique.

Until the eve of World War I, the cause of Italian immigration to France was essentially economic.

(by extension) the era or while before something; eve


bête

Haitian Creole: bèt

→ Dutch: bête

→ Swedish: bet

Inherited from Middle French beste, from Old French beste, probably partially borrowed from Classical Latin bēstia (“beast”), or less likely from an alternative Vulgar Latin bēsta (“animal”). Compare biche (probably from Old French bisse, itself from Vulgar Latin bīstia; compare Italian biscia).


bête

Je dis ça, mais depuis quelques semaines elle est moins bête. Même avec moi

1999, Chrystine Brouillet, Les Fiancées de l'Enfer, →ISBN, page 69:

I say that, but these last few weeks she hasn't been as nasty [lit: "less of a beast"]. Even with me.

(Canada, informal) grumpy (having a bad character or in a bad mood; showing great displeasure in interacting with people)


sommer

sommer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sommant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sommé (participle past)
somme (first-person indicative present singular)
sommes (indicative present second-person singular)
somme (indicative present singular third-person)
sommons (first-person indicative plural present)
sommez (indicative plural present second-person)
somment (indicative plural present third-person)
sommais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sommais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sommait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sommions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sommiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sommaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sommai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sommas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
somma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sommâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sommâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sommèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sommerai (first-person future indicative singular)
sommeras (future indicative second-person singular)
sommera (future indicative singular third-person)
sommerons (first-person future indicative plural)
sommerez (future indicative plural second-person)
sommeront (future indicative plural third-person)
sommerais (conditional first-person singular)
sommerais (conditional second-person singular)
sommerait (conditional singular third-person)
sommerions (conditional first-person plural)
sommeriez (conditional plural second-person)
sommeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
somme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sommes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
somme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sommions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sommiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
somment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sommasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sommasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sommât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sommassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sommassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sommassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
somme (imperative second-person singular)
sommons (first-person imperative plural)
sommez (imperative plural second-person)


paroli

Borrowed from Italian paroli, plural of parolo, probably compounded from paro (“I prepare”) and enclitic pronoun -lo (“it”).

faire (le) paroli

gagner le paroli

Dans un moment de colère contre le banquier, il fit paroli sur paroli, et en vint au point de mettre au tapis une énorme poignée d’or...

1836, Laure Junot, Duchess of Abrantes, Histoire des salons de Paris, 3rd edition, volume II:

In a fit of anger against the banker, he made paroli upon paroli, to the point where he had wagered a great handful of gold...


tribunal

Borrowed from Latin tribūnal (“tribunal”).


plateau

→ Catalan: plató

→ Danish: plateau

→ Dutch: plateau

→ English: plateau

→ German: Plateau

→ Greek: πλατό (plató)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: platå

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: platå

→ Portuguese: platô

→ Romanian: platou

desctree

→ Russian: плато́ (plató)
→ Ukrainian: плато́ (plató)

→ Spanish: plató

→ Swedish: platå

→ Turkish: plato


duc

→ Arabic: دُوق (dūq)

→ English: duc

→ Persian: دوک (duk)

→ Turkish: dük

Inherited from Middle French duc, from Old French duc, borrowed from Latin ducem (“duke, commander”), from dūcere (“to lead”).


longtemps

From long + temps, from Old French lonc tans. Ultimately inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos, whence also the English phrase English long time, the French term is a cognate, not a calque, of the English.

Ça fait longtemps que ton frère habite chez toi ?

Has your brother been living at your place for a long time?

C’était comme ça il y a longtemps, mais plus maintenant.

It was like that a long time ago, but not anymore.


peine

Inherited from Old French peine, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”).


fois

Inherited from Middle French foys, from Old French foiz, from earlier feiz, from Latin vicem. The reason for the development of an initial /f/, instead of the expected /v/, is not entirely clear. It may be the result of voicing assimilation to the final consonants of numerals such as deus (“two”) or set (“seven”), which would have often preceded the word. Cognate with Portuguese and Spanish vez.


bras

Haitian Creole: bra

desctree

→ Russian: бра (bra)
→ Georgian: ბრა (bra)

Inherited from Middle French bras, from Old French bras, from Latin brachium, bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn). Displaced Old French feminine noun brace, ultimately from the same Latin and Ancient Greek roots.


Edgar

a male given name, equivalent to English Edgar


assurance

une police d’assurance, un contrat d’assurance

une compagnie d’assurances


prudent

fr-adj

prudent (feminine prudente, masculine plural prudents, feminine plural prudentes)

prudente (feminine)
prudents (masculine plural)
prudentes (feminine plural)


UG

(French politics) Abbreviation of union de la gauche.


glycine

→ Romanian: glicină

From Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús) + -ine.


eyra

(architecture) cougar, (Puma yagouaroundi eyra)


uzbek

uzbek (feminine uzbèke, masculine plural uzbeks, feminine plural uzbèkes)

uzbèke (feminine)
uzbeks (masculine plural)
uzbèkes (feminine plural)


couturier

fr-noun

couturier m (plural couturiers, feminine couturière)

couturiers (plural)
couturière (feminine)

English: couturier


amputation

→ Romanian: amputație

→ Turkish: ampütasyon


chaîne

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-chaîne.wav

Inherited from Middle French chaisne, from Old French chaene, chaiene, caiene, inherited from Latin catēna. Doublet of cadène and catène. The long vowel derives from the Old French hiatus; by analogy the length was expressed with a silent -s- in Middle French, which was then replaced with the circumflex.

Pouvez-vous changer de chaîne, s’il vous plaît?

En janvier, 6ter a été la première chaîne à diffuser le format original de « Storage Wars » qui se déroule en Californie et qui a réuni 215 000 téléspectateurs lors de la première diffusion, le 3 janvier, en deuxième partie de soirée.

2015 November 21, “« Storage Wars », une chasse au trésor bien artificielle”, in Le Monde:

In January, 6ter was the first channel to broadcast the original format of Storage Wars, which takes place in California and attracted 215,000 viewers for the first broadcast on January 3 during the prime-time slot.


Leslie

Borrowed from English Leslie. By folk etymology confused with Liesel, Liesl, German pet forms of Elisabeth.

a female given name, popular in the 1980s and the 1990s


Erica

a female given name, a less common variant of Érica


collation

(North America, Belgium) a light snack usually taken between breakfast and lunch (often employed as the analogue of English brunch)


risqué

fr-adj

risqué (feminine risquée, masculine plural risqués, feminine plural risquées)

risquée (feminine)
risqués (masculine plural)
risquées (feminine plural)

→ English: risqué


tir

→ Belarusian: цір (cir)

→ Russian: тир (tir)

→ Ukrainian: тир (tyr)

tir précis

tir au canon

tir à l’arc ― archery

shot, shooting (of a weapon) [from 1660]

Un tir a été établi pour les archers dans un des fossés qui se rapprochent de la ville.

1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire]:

A range was set up for the archers in one of the ditches that approach the city.


streamer

Alternative form: streameur

(Internet) streamer (one who streams to a live audience online)

(computing) streamer (data storage system)

(fishing) streamer (variety of wet fly in fly fishing)


streamer

streamer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
streamant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
streamé (participle past)
streame (first-person indicative present singular)
streames (indicative present second-person singular)
streame (indicative present singular third-person)
streamons (first-person indicative plural present)
streamez (indicative plural present second-person)
streament (indicative plural present third-person)
streamais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
streamais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
streamait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
streamions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
streamiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
streamaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
streamai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
streamas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
streama (historic indicative past singular third-person)
streamâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
streamâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
streamèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
streamerai (first-person future indicative singular)
streameras (future indicative second-person singular)
streamera (future indicative singular third-person)
streamerons (first-person future indicative plural)
streamerez (future indicative plural second-person)
streameront (future indicative plural third-person)
streamerais (conditional first-person singular)
streamerais (conditional second-person singular)
streamerait (conditional singular third-person)
streamerions (conditional first-person plural)
streameriez (conditional plural second-person)
streameraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
streame (first-person present singular subjunctive)
streames (present second-person singular subjunctive)
streame (present singular subjunctive third-person)
streamions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
streamiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
streament (plural present subjunctive third-person)
streamasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
streamasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
streamât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
streamassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
streamassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
streamassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
streame (imperative second-person singular)
streamons (first-person imperative plural)
streamez (imperative plural second-person)

(transitive, Internet) to stream (to push continuous data from a server to a client computer while it is being used)


chrome

→ Afrikaans: chroom

→ Albanian: krom

→ Arabic: كروم

→ Armenian: քրոմ (kʻrom)

→ Asturian: cromu

→ Azerbaijani: xrom

→ Basque: kromoa

→ Breton: krom

→ Bulgarian: хром (hrom)

→ Catalan: crom

→ Czech: chrom, chróm

→ Danish: chrom, krom

→ Dutch: chroom

→ English: chrome

→ Irish: cróm

→ Estonian: kroom

→ Finnish: kromi

→ Faroese: krom

→ Friulian: crom

→ Georgian: ქრომი (kromi)

→ Galician: cromo

→ German: Chrom

→ Greenlandic: kromi

→ Hebrew: כרום (króm)

→ Hungarian: króm

→ Icelandic: króm

→ Japanese: クロム (kuromu)

→ Kashubian: chróm

→ Khmer: ក្រូម (kroum)

→ Korean: 크롬 (keurom)

→ Kyrgyz: хром (hrom)

→ Latvian: hroms

→ Limburgish: chróm

→ Lingala: kolomo

→ Lithuanian: chromas

→ Luxembourgish: Chrom

→ Macedonian: хром (hrom)

→ New Latin: chromium (see there for further descendants)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: krom

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: krom

→ Occitan: cròme

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قروم (krom)
Turkish: krom

→ Persian: کروم (korom)

→ Polish: chrom

→ Portuguese: cromo

→ Romanian: croma

→ Russian: хром (xrom)
→ Kazakh: хром (xrom)

→ Serbo-Croatian: krom, hrom, хром

→ Slovak: chróm

→ Slovene: krom

→ Spanish: cromo

→ Tagalog: kromo

→ Swedish: krom

→ Tajik: хром (xrom)

→ Turkmen: hrom

→ Ukrainian: хром (xrom)

→ Uyghur: خروم (xrom)

→ Uzbek: xrom

→ Vietnamese: croma

→ West Frisian: groom

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”).


gingembre

Inherited from Old French gingembre, from Late Latin gingiber, from Latin zingiberī.


demain

Inherited from Old French demain, from Late Latin dē māne (“early in the morning”), from Latin dē + māne, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (“to mature, ripen”).

der

Demain c’est dimanche.


maquis

→ English: maquis

→ Portuguese: maquis

→ Spanish: maquis

From Corsican machja or macchia, from Latin macula (“spot”), with addition of the suffix -is.

(figuratively, historical, military) resistance, underground (movement during World War II)


aspic

→ Catalan: aspic

→ Dutch: aspic

→ English: aspic

→ German: Aspik

→ Japanese: アスピック (asupikku)

→ Korean: 아스픽 (aseupik)

→ Spanish: áspic

From Latin aspis, and possibly influenced by basilic (“basilisk”). The culinary sense may come from association with the snake due to the traditional colours and cold temperature of aspic, in addition to the fact that the gelatine was often moulded in a shape similar to a coiled snake.


postprandial

fr-adj

postprandial (feminine postprandiale, masculine plural postprandiaux, feminine plural postprandiales)

postprandiale (feminine)
postprandiaux (masculine plural)
postprandiales (feminine plural)


imprudent

imprudent (feminine imprudente, masculine plural imprudents, feminine plural imprudentes)

imprudente (feminine)
imprudents (masculine plural)
imprudentes (feminine plural)

From Latin imprūdentem. Morphologically analyzable as im- + prudent.


cognac

→ Czech: koňak m

desc

→ German: Kognak, Cognac (now more common)

→ Spanish: coñac m

→ Polish: koniak m

→ Russian: конья́к m (konʹják)


département

Haitian Creole: depatman

→ Catalan: departament

→ Danish: departement

→ English: département

→ Finnish: departementti

→ Galician: departamento

→ Moore: departma

→ Portuguese: departamento

→ Romanian: departament

→ Spanish: departamento

→ Persian: دپارتمان (depârtemân)

→ Turkish: departman

Inherited from Old French departement, from departir + -ment.


potlatch

Borrowed from Chinook Jargon potlatch (“gift”), from Nootka p̕ačiƛ (“to give in ceremony”).


aileron

→ Dutch: aileron

→ English: aileron

→ Portuguese: ailerão

→ Spanish: alerón

(anatomy) flipper (of penguins and other animals)


fitness

Unadapted borrowing from English fitness.


Jordanien

fr-noun

Jordanien m (plural Jordaniens, feminine Jordanienne)

Jordaniens (plural)
Jordanienne (feminine)


coitus interruptus

From Latin coitus (“sexual intercourse”) + interruptus (“interrupted, cut short”), the perfect passive participle of interrumpo (“to interrupt, to cut short”).

coitus interruptus
coitus interruptus#English


cascade

→ Danish: kaskade

→ Dutch: cascade

→ English: cascade

→ German: Kaskade

→ Romanian: cascadă

→ Swedish: kaskad

Borrowed from Italian cascata, from cascare (“to fall”).


Bolivien

Bolivien m (plural Boliviens, feminine Bolivienne)

Boliviens (plural)
Bolivienne (feminine)


sortie

→ Ottoman Turkish: صورتی (sorti)

Turkish: sorti

Feminine past participle of sortir; from Latin sortīrī (“cast lots, divide, receive”), possibly influenced by a derivative of surgō (“get up, arise”). Compare Italian sortire (“produce”).


sida

Acronym of syndrome d’immunodéficience acquise; AIDS


artiste

fr-noun

artiste m or f by sense (plural artistes)

→ English: artiste

→ Romanian: artist

→ Turkish: artist

→ Laz: ართისი (artisi)


grandeur

From Old French grandur, from grand + -eur.

(physics, mathematics) magnitude, quantity


maître d'hôtel

maître d’hôtel m (plural maîtres d’hôtel)

maître d’ hôtel (canonical masculine)
maîtres d’hôtel (plural)

→ English: maître d'hôtel; ⇒ maître d' (US)

→ Russian: метрдоте́ль (metrdotɛ́lʹ)

the person in charge of the team of waiters in a restaurant or hotel


parti

fr-adj

parti (feminine partie, masculine plural partis, feminine plural parties)

partie (feminine)
partis (masculine plural)
parties (feminine plural)

(heraldry) divided into two equal parts vertically, per pale; said of an escutcheon


parti

→ Afar: bartí

→ Turkish: parti


Valois

the dynasty that ruled France in the 14th to 16th centuries


chanterelle

(music) chanterelle (highest string of the violin or similar instrument)


bandage

→ Danish: bandage

→ Dutch: bandage

→ English: bandage

→ Esperanto: bandaĝo

→ German: Bandage

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bandasje

→ Polish: bandaż

→ Swedish: bandage

→ Persian: بانداژ (bândâž)

→ Turkish: bandaj


courtier

fr-noun

courtier m (plural courtiers, feminine courtière)

From Old French courre (“to run”) (compare Modern French courir) + -etier.


passé simple

Je comprends que je manque de maîtrise / Mais heureusement, j’assume mes bêtises / Votre passé simple n’est pas si simple

2023, “French Kiss”, performed by Chilly Gonzales:

I understand that I lack control / But fortunately, I take responsibility for my mistakes / Your simple past is not so simple

(grammar) past historic tense, a tense used in some languages (such as French and Italian) in narrative, roughly equivalent to the simple past or preterite in English


dé

The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.


sceptre

Borrowed from Latin scēptrum, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek σκῆπτρον (skêptron).


savon

→ Hebrew: סבון (sabón)

→ Malagasy: savony

→ Koyraboro Senni: saafun

→ Vietnamese: xà phòng, xà bông

desc

→ Tai Dam: ꪎꪱꪡ꫁ꪮꪉ

→ Tai Dam: ꪎꪱꪡ꫁ꪮꪉ

→ Wolof: saabu

→ Zarma: saafun

Inherited from Middle French savon, from Old French savon (“soap”), from Latin sāpōnem (“soap”), from Proto-Germanic *saipǭ (“soap”), from Proto-Indo-European *seyb- (“to pour out, drip, strain, trickle”). Cognate with Old English sāpe (“soap”). More at soap.


biture

À jeun, j’trouve ça limite / J’ai besoin d’une biture bien composite

1987, “Glass Securit”, in You're Under Arrest, performed by Serge Gainsbourg:

(colloquial) a state of drunkenness, drinking spree


socle

→ Dutch: sokkel

→ English: socle

→ German: Sockel (see there for further descendants)

→ Portuguese: soclo

Borrowed from Italian zoccolo (“wooden shoe”), from Latin socculus, diminutive of soccus (“sock”).

bor+

(geology) basement (mass of rock underlying sedimentary cover)


crooner

crooner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
croonant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
crooné (participle past)
croone (first-person indicative present singular)
croones (indicative present second-person singular)
croone (indicative present singular third-person)
croonons (first-person indicative plural present)
croonez (indicative plural present second-person)
croonent (indicative plural present third-person)
croonais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
croonais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
croonait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
croonions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
crooniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
croonaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
croonai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
croonas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
croona (historic indicative past singular third-person)
croonâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
croonâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
croonèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
croonerai (first-person future indicative singular)
crooneras (future indicative second-person singular)
croonera (future indicative singular third-person)
croonerons (first-person future indicative plural)
croonerez (future indicative plural second-person)
crooneront (future indicative plural third-person)
croonerais (conditional first-person singular)
croonerais (conditional second-person singular)
croonerait (conditional singular third-person)
croonerions (conditional first-person plural)
crooneriez (conditional plural second-person)
crooneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
croone (first-person present singular subjunctive)
croones (present second-person singular subjunctive)
croone (present singular subjunctive third-person)
croonions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
crooniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
croonent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
croonasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
croonasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
croonât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
croonassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
croonassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
croonassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
croone (imperative second-person singular)
croonons (first-person imperative plural)
croonez (imperative plural second-person)


ARC

(Canada, military, aviation) Abbreviation of Aviation royale canadienne; RCAF (“Royal Canadian Air Force”)


Julia

From Latin Iūlia. A Latinate variant of Julie.

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Julia


baguette

→ Czech: bageta

→ Danish: baguette

→ English: baguette

→ German: Baguette

→ Greek: μπαγκέτα (bagkéta)

→ Hebrew: בגט (bagét)

→ Korean: 바게트 (bageteu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bagett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bagett

→ Polish: bagietka

→ Portuguese: baguete

→ Romanian: baghetă

→ Russian: баге́т (bagét)

→ Spanish: baguette

→ Swedish: baguette

→ Turkish: baget

desc

→ Ukrainian: баге́т (bahét), баґе́та (bagéta)

J’achète une baguette tous les jours.

Les japonais mangent avec des baguettes.

Ringo est un maître des baguettes.
Ringo is a drumstick master.

Assis en rond dans la cour, nous jouons du tambour.
Assis en rond dans la cour, nous jouons du tambour.
Ses baguettes font tacatamtam.
Tes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Mes baguettes, mes baguettes, mes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Ses baguettes font tacatamtam.
Tes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Mes baguettes, mes baguettes, mes baguettes font tacatamtam.
Tacatamtam.

1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:

Sitting in a circle in the yard, we play the drum.
Sitting in a circle in the yard, we play the drum.
Their drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Your drumsticks go tacatamtam.
My drumsticks, my drumsticks, my drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Their drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Your drumsticks go tacatamtam.
My drumsticks, my drumsticks, my drumsticks go tacatamtam.
Tacatamtam.

(firearms) gun-stick, rod for stuffing the gun with ammunition


entarter

entarter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
entartant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
entarté (participle past)
entarte (first-person indicative present singular)
entartes (indicative present second-person singular)
entarte (indicative present singular third-person)
entartons (first-person indicative plural present)
entartez (indicative plural present second-person)
entartent (indicative plural present third-person)
entartais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
entartais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
entartait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
entartions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
entartiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
entartaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
entartai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
entartas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
entarta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
entartâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
entartâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
entartèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
entarterai (first-person future indicative singular)
entarteras (future indicative second-person singular)
entartera (future indicative singular third-person)
entarterons (first-person future indicative plural)
entarterez (future indicative plural second-person)
entarteront (future indicative plural third-person)
entarterais (conditional first-person singular)
entarterais (conditional second-person singular)
entarterait (conditional singular third-person)
entarterions (conditional first-person plural)
entarteriez (conditional plural second-person)
entarteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
entarte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
entartes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
entarte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
entartions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
entartiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
entartent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
entartasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
entartasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
entartât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
entartassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
entartassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
entartassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
entarte (imperative second-person singular)
entartons (first-person imperative plural)
entartez (imperative plural second-person)

On a entarté Jeremy Clarkson
Jeremy Clarkson got hit by a pie


burlesque

→ English: burlesque

→ German: burlesk

→ Romanian: burlesc

→ Turkish: burlesk

Borrowed from Italian burlesco (“parodic”).


Denise

→ Dutch: Denise

→ English: Denise

→ German: Denise

a female given name, masculine equivalent Denis


Isabelle

→ English: Isabelle

→ German: Isabelle

→ Swedish: Isabelle

From Old Spanish Isabel in the 12th century, ultimately from Hebrew אֱלִישֶׁבַע (Elishéva, “my God is an oath”).


confinement

être en confinement


diffusion

→ Dutch: diffusie
→ Indonesian: difusi

→ Romanian: difuziune

→ Turkish: difüzyon

Borrowed from Latin diffusiōnem. By surface analysis, diffuser + -ion.


entrée

→ Danish: entré

→ English: entrée

→ Greek: αντρέ (antré)

→ Swedish: entré

→ Turkish: antre

(lexicography) headword, entry (in a dictionary, encyclopedia)


prescription

Inherited from Old French prescripcion, itself borrowed from Latin praescrīptiō.

(medicine) prescription (written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses)

Il y a prescription.

statute of limitations
statute of limitations

(law, sometimes figuratively) abandon of legal action by virtue of a statute of limitations; principle by which a person can no longer be prosecuted for a crime when a certain amount of time has elapsed

Coordinate term: description

(linguistics) prescription (act of establishing or formalizing ideal norms for language use, as opposed to describing the actual norms of such use)


détente

→ English: détente, → detent

Borrowed from Latin detenta or detendita, as a feminine past participle of detentus.

(sports) height to which one is able to jump

(physics) expansion of a gas or a spring


realpolitik

Borrowed from German Realpolitik. [from 19th century]


financier

fr-noun

financier m (plural financiers, feminine financière)

financiers (plural)
financière (feminine)


Margot

Diminutive of Marguerite (the French equivalent of English Margaret) + -ot (a diminutive suffix used with names).

suffix

the French equivalent of English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">Margaret</i>


franc-tireur

fr-noun

franc-tireur m (plural francs-tireurs, feminine franche-tireuse or franc-tireuse)

francs-tireurs (plural)
franche-tireuse (feminine)
franc-tireuse (feminine)

Italian: franco tiratore

Spanish: francotirador

Catalan: franctirador

(military) a sniper, an irregular, an impromptu guerrilla


reste

Inherited from Middle French reste, from Old French reste, equivalent to the stem of rester.


montmorillonite

montmorillonite f (plural montmorillonites)


Gilbert

From Old French Gislebert, from Proto-Germanic *Gīslaberhtaz, from *gīslaz (“pledge”) + *berhtaz (“bright, famous”).

af

a male given name, equivalent to English Gilbert


trimestre

desctree

→ Dutch: trimester
→ Indonesian: trimester


Hugo

From Old French Hugo, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *hugi (“thought, mind, spirit”).

der

a male given name, a Latinized form of Hugues


Bruno

a male given name, equivalent to English Bruno


amant

fr-noun

amant m (plural amants, feminine amante)

→ Polish: amant

→ Romanian: amant

Borrowed from Latin amantem, present participle of amō. Compare aimant, the present participle of aimer.

C’est dur de mourir au printemps, tu sais / Mais j’pars aux fleurs, la paix dans l’âme / Car vu que tu étais son amant / Je sais qu’tu prendras soin d’ma femme

1961, “Le Moribond”, in Jacques Brel (lyrics), Marieke:

It's hard to die in spring, you know / But I go to the flowers, peace in my soul / For I see you were her lover / I know you will take care of my wife


droit

Inherited from Old French droit (spelled dreit in Early Old French, such as the Oaths of Strasbourg), inherited from Late Latin drictus, syncopated form of Latin dīrēctus. Doublet of direct. In Middle French, it was for a time spelled droict to reflect the original Latin etymology.

Un angle de trois droits.


droit

fr-adj

droit (feminine droite, masculine plural droits, feminine plural droites)

droite (feminine)
droits (masculine plural)
droites (feminine plural)


législation

Borrowed from Late Latin lēgislātiō, lēgislātiōnem (“the giving of the law”).


ogive

→ Spanish: ojiva

From Vulgar Latin augīvus, from Latin augēre, as the ogive goes on increasing, and the arch it forms increases the strength of the vault. In Old French we find the phrase arc ogif, itself from Latin arcus augivus. The word was also written as augive in the 17th century.

ogives nucléaires

Dans la journée, l’armée russe a procédé à un exercice annuel de dissuasion nucléaire avec des tests de missiles capables de transporter des ogives nucléaires.

2022 October 27, Thomas d’Istria, “Oleksii Reznikov, le ministre de la défense ukrainien, ne croit pas que Poutine utilisera l’arme nucléaire”, in Le Monde.fr:

During the day, the Russian army carried out an annual nuclear deterrence exercise with tests of missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads.

(military) nose cone, warhead (of missile)


crochet

→ English: crochet

desc

→ Portuguese: colchete (“hook, bracket”)

→ Portuguese: crochê (“crochet”), croché, crochet (unadapted form)

→ Spanish: corchete

→ Turkish: kroşe


CVT

boite de vitesses à variation continue#English

(automotive) Initialism of boite de vitesses à variation continue.


ensemble

→ Danish: ensemble

→ Dutch: ensemble

→ English: ensemble

→ German: Ensemble

→ Norwegian: ensemble

→ Portuguese: ensemble

→ Serbo-Croatian: ansambl

→ Spanish: ensemble

→ Swedish: ensemble

From Latin īnsimul, a variant of simul See also Italian insieme, Catalan ensems.


partie

desctree

Polish: partia, partyja (Middle Polish), partya (pre-reform orthography (1816)), partja (pre-reform orthography (1936))
→ Kashubian: partiô


comte

fr-noun

comte m (plural comtes, feminine comtesse)

→ Arabic: كونت (kōnt)

→ Azerbaijani: kont

→ Ottoman Turkish: قونت (kont)

Turkish: kont

→ Persian: کنت (kont)

→ Uzbek: kont

Inherited from Old French comte, conte, from Latin comitem.


Peggy

Borrowed from English Peggy, popular in the 1970s.


paranormal

fr-adj

paranormal (feminine paranormale, masculine plural paranormaux, feminine plural paranormales)

paranormale (feminine)
paranormaux (masculine plural)
paranormales (feminine plural)


AFP

(journalism, in France) Initialism of Agence France-Presse.


aspirant

fr-noun

aspirant m (plural aspirants, feminine aspirante)

→ German: Aspirant

(military) officer candidate, officer designate, midshipman


IDS

Initialism of Initiative de défense stratégique (“Strategic Defense Initiative”): SDI


auberge

→ English: auberge

→ Polish: oberża

Borrowed from Old Occitan alberga (“camp, hut”), from Frankish *harjabergu, composed of the elements *harjaz (“army”) and *berganą (“to shelter, to protect”). Doublet of albergue.


contretemps

From contre- + temps, by calque of Italian contrattempo.

à contretemps


spammer

(computing, Internet) someone who sends spam, a spammer


spammer

spammer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
spammant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
spammé (participle past)
spamme (first-person indicative present singular)
spammes (indicative present second-person singular)
spamme (indicative present singular third-person)
spammons (first-person indicative plural present)
spammez (indicative plural present second-person)
spamment (indicative plural present third-person)
spammais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
spammais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
spammait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
spammions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
spammiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
spammaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
spammai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
spammas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
spamma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
spammâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
spammâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
spammèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
spammerai (first-person future indicative singular)
spammeras (future indicative second-person singular)
spammera (future indicative singular third-person)
spammerons (first-person future indicative plural)
spammerez (future indicative plural second-person)
spammeront (future indicative plural third-person)
spammerais (conditional first-person singular)
spammerais (conditional second-person singular)
spammerait (conditional singular third-person)
spammerions (conditional first-person plural)
spammeriez (conditional plural second-person)
spammeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
spamme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
spammes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
spamme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
spammions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
spammiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
spamment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
spammasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
spammasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
spammât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
spammassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
spammassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
spammassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
spamme (imperative second-person singular)
spammons (first-person imperative plural)
spammez (imperative plural second-person)


tisane

From Latin tisana, ptisana, from Ancient Greek πτισάνη (ptisánē, “peeled barley, barley gruel”), related to πτίσσειν (ptíssein, “to peel”).

der

Cette tisane est très chaude.

une tisane à la menthe


donne

la donne des cartes

(card games) distribution of cards; dealing of cards; (metonymically) the cards that one is given


quadrangle

Inherited from Old French quadrangle, from Late Latin quadrangulum.


Dubonnet

a French bittersweet red aperitif (of which a drier white version is also available)


saturation

(chemistry, usually uncountable) saturation


mauvais

fr-adj

mauvais (feminine mauvaise, masculine plural mauvais, feminine plural mauvaises, comparative pire, superlative le pire)

mauvaise (feminine)
mauvais (masculine plural)
mauvaises (feminine plural)
pire (comparative)
le pire (superlative)

Inherited from Middle French maulvais, from Old French malvais, malveis (“evil, wicked, bad, of poor or inferior quality", later also "unlucky”), from Late Latin malifātius (“unfortunate”, 4th c.), from Latin malus (“bad”) + fātum (“fate”). According to some sources, influenced in meaning by Frankish *balwīg (“evil, wicked, of poor quality”), which was suspected to have become altered to *malwīg under influence of Latin malus (“bad”).

ncog

un mauvais ouvrier a toujours de mauvais outils

Il a choisi la mauvaise réponse.


flou

fr-adj

flou (feminine floue, masculine plural flous, feminine plural floues)

floue (feminine)
flous (masculine plural)
floues (feminine plural)

From Middle French flou, from Old French flou, flo (“soft, wilted, tired, exhausted”), from Old Frankish *hlāo (“lukewarm, tepid, mild”), from Proto-Germanic *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlēw- (“to be warm or hot”). More at lew.
Alternative etymology derives Old French flou, flo from Latin flāvus (“yellow”), via a farming metaphor.


Henri

Inherited from Old French Henri, of Germanic origin.

a male given name, equivalent to English Henry


marquis

fr-noun

marquis m (plural marquis, feminine marquise)

→ Arabic: مَرْكِيز (markīz)

→ Belarusian: маркі́з (markíz)

→ Macedonian: маркиз (markiz)

→ Ottoman Turkish: ماركی (marki)

Turkish: marki

→ Persian: مارکی (mârki)

→ Polish: markiz

→ Romanian: marchiz

desctree

→ Russian: марки́з (markíz)
→ Armenian: մարկիզ (markiz)
→ Azerbaijani: markiz
→ Uzbek: markiz

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: маркиз

Latin script: markiz

→ Ukrainian: маркі́з (markíz)

From Old French marchis, from the same origin as marcher.


caudal

fr-adj

caudal (feminine caudale, masculine plural caudaux, feminine plural caudales)

caudale (feminine)
caudaux (masculine plural)
caudales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin caudālis, from cauda. See also queue.


goutte

Inherited from Middle French goutte, from Old French gote, gute, goute, from Latin gutta. The second t was added back in Middle French to reflect the original Latin spelling.


bombe

→ Danish: bombe

→ English: bombe

→ German: Bombe

→ Lao: ບົມ (bom)

→ Persian: بمب (bomb)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bombe

→ Vietnamese: bom

Borrowed from Italian bomba, from Latin bombus (“a boom”).


PAM

programme alimentaire mondial
w:fr:programme alimentaire mondial

(UN) Initialism of programme alimentaire mondial (“World Food Programme”); WFP


vermifuge

From Latin vermis (“worm”) + fugāre (“to cause to flee”).


petit mal

→ Danish: petit mal

→ English: petit mal

Coordinate term: grand mal


peacekeeper

(Canada, law enforcement) peacekeeper (peace officer from an aboriginal Canadian community)


engin

Inherited from Middle French engin m, from Old French engin m, from Latin ingenium n.

A noter que la caouanne, Caretta caretta, semble effectivement ne plus pondre en Corse, l’espèce n’a pas complètement disparu des côtes de France où, chaque année, quelques individus sont capturés involuntairement par des engins de pêche.

1997, Le Courrier de la nature, numbers 161-174, page 149:

It should be noted that the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, no longer seems to lay eggs in Corsica, but the species has not completely disappeared from French coastlines where, each year, several individuals are caught unintentionally in fishing apparatus.

(chiefly law) a piece of hunting equipment

(sports) an apparatus used in artistic gymnastics


CES

(France) Initialism of collège d’enseignement secondaire (“junior high school, secondary school”)


sourcil

Inherited from Middle French sourcil, from Old French sourcil, sorcil, inherited from Latin supercilium. "sour-" is an older form of sur (over, above) while "cil" means "eyelash" in French. Thus, "sourcil" literally means "above eyelash."


comprendre

comprendre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
comprenant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
compris (participle past)
comprends (first-person indicative present singular)
comprends (indicative present second-person singular)
comprend (indicative present singular third-person)
comprenons (first-person indicative plural present)
comprenez (indicative plural present second-person)
comprennent (indicative plural present third-person)
comprenais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
comprenais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
comprenait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
comprenions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
compreniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
comprenaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
compris (first-person historic indicative past singular)
compris (historic indicative past second-person singular)
comprit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
comprîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
comprîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
comprirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
comprendrai (first-person future indicative singular)
comprendras (future indicative second-person singular)
comprendra (future indicative singular third-person)
comprendrons (first-person future indicative plural)
comprendrez (future indicative plural second-person)
comprendront (future indicative plural third-person)
comprendrais (conditional first-person singular)
comprendrais (conditional second-person singular)
comprendrait (conditional singular third-person)
comprendrions (conditional first-person plural)
comprendriez (conditional plural second-person)
comprendraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
comprenne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
comprennes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
comprenne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
comprenions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
compreniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
comprennent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
comprisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
comprisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
comprît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
comprissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
comprissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
comprissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
comprends (imperative second-person singular)
comprenons (first-person imperative plural)
comprenez (imperative plural second-person)

/kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃dʁ/

Inherited from Old French, from Latin comprehendere.

J’ai compris maintenant.

I understand now. (lit. I have understood now.)

Il est trop intelligent pour ne pas comprendre ce que vous lui avez dit.

He is too intelligent not to understand what you told him.

Est-ce que vous avez bien compris ?

« Est-ce que tu comprends ce qu’il dit ? » « Je ne comprends même pas ce que je dis moi. »

"Do you understand what he's saying?" "I don't even understand what I'm saying."

C’est sûr que t’as déjà de la compagnie. J’ comprendrai, t’inquiète, si tu m’oublies. Mais si un jour tu te rappelais de moi, je serais certainement pas loin d’ toi.

You sure have company. I'll understand, don't worry, if you forget me. But if one day you do remember me, I'll certainly be around.


faille

→ Turkish: fay


tabouret

→ Czech: taburet

→ Danish: taburet

→ Norwegian Bokmål: taburett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: taburett

→ Romanian: taburet

desc

→ Russian: табуре́т (taburét), табуре́тка (taburétka)

→ Spanish: taburete

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: табу̀ре̄

Latin script: tabùrē

→ Swedish: taburett

→ Turkish: tabure


faire une carte de France

(euphemistic, slang) to have a wet dream


ballon

→ Albanian: balonë

→ Alemannic German: Balung

→ Arabic: بالون (bālūn)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܒܵܠܘܿܢܵܐ (bālōnā)

→ Bulgarian: балон (balon)

→ Bwatoo: balo

→ Catalan: baló

→ Czech: balón

desctree

→ Danish: ballon
→ Greenlandic: ballonngi

→ Dutch: ballon
Afrikaans: ballon
→ Indonesian: balon
→ Papiamentu: balòn

→ English: ballon

→ Greek: μπαλόνι (balóni)

→ Hausa: balan

→ Northern Kurdish: balon

→ Latvian: balons

→ Lithuanian: balionas

→ Macedonian: балон (balon)

→ Norwegian: ballong

→ Ottoman Turkish: بالون (balon), պալօն (balon) — Armeno-Turkish
→ Armenian: պալօն (palōn)
Turkish: balon

→ Persian: بالون (bâlon)

→ Portuguese: balão

→ Romanian: balon

→ Russian: баллон (ballon)
→ Armenian: բալոն (balon)
→ Georgian: ბალონი (baloni)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: балон

Latin script: balon

→ Slovak: balón

→ Slovene: balon

→ Swedish: ballong

Inherited from Middle French ballon. Doublet of balloune.


berger

fr-noun

berger m (plural bergers, feminine bergère)

Inherited from Old French bergier, from Late Latin vervēcārius, from vervēx + -ārius. Compare Romanian berbecar, Piedmontese bërgé, Sardinian berbecarju, berbecàlgiu, berbegarzu.


bricoleur

fr-adj

bricoleur (feminine bricoleuse, masculine plural bricoleurs, feminine plural bricoleuses)

bricoleuse (feminine)
bricoleurs (masculine plural)
bricoleuses (feminine plural)


bricoleur

fr-noun

bricoleur m (plural bricoleurs, feminine bricoleuse)

bricoleurs (plural)
bricoleuse (feminine)


cavitation

(sciences) the formation of gas bubbles in a fluid in a vacuum


pompier

pompier m (plural pompiers, feminine pompière)


voyou

voyou m (plural voyous, feminine voyouse or voyoute)

voyous (plural)
voyouse (feminine)
voyoute (feminine)

From voie (“way”) + -ou, from Latin via.


informe

(astronomy) Étoiles informes : An old term for stars that were not members of any constellation


croire

croire (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
croyant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
cru (participle past)
crois (first-person indicative present singular)
crois (indicative present second-person singular)
croit (indicative present singular third-person)
croyons (first-person indicative plural present)
croyez (indicative plural present second-person)
croient (indicative plural present third-person)
croyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
croyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
croyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
croyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
croyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
croyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
crus (first-person historic indicative past singular)
crus (historic indicative past second-person singular)
crut (historic indicative past singular third-person)
crûmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
crûtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
crurent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
croirai (first-person future indicative singular)
croiras (future indicative second-person singular)
croira (future indicative singular third-person)
croirons (first-person future indicative plural)
croirez (future indicative plural second-person)
croiront (future indicative plural third-person)
croirais (conditional first-person singular)
croirais (conditional second-person singular)
croirait (conditional singular third-person)
croirions (conditional first-person plural)
croiriez (conditional plural second-person)
croiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
croie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
croies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
croie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
croyions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
croyiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
croient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
crusse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
crusses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
crût (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
crussions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
crussiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
crussent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
crois (imperative second-person singular)
croyons (first-person imperative plural)
croyez (imperative plural second-person)

Saint Dominican Creole French: crére

Haitian Creole: kwè

Inherited from Old French creire, croire, from Latin crēdere, from Proto-Italic *krezðō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁- (“to place one's heart, i.e. to trust, believe”), compound phrase of oblique case form of *ḱḗr (“heart”) and *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”).
See cognates in regional languages in France : Norman creire, Gallo craire, Picard croère, Bourguignon croire, Franco-Provençal crêre, Occitan creire or créser, Corsican credè.

der

Il se croit parfait.

(reflexive, often followed by an adjective) to think of oneself as, to consider oneself


guerre

→ Wolof: xare, geer

Inherited from Middle French guerre, from Old French guerre, from Early Medieval Latin werra, borrowed from Frankish *werru (“confusion; quarrel”). Compare English war.

Le droit de la guerre est une expression pour désigner les lois, en général coutumières, sur lesquelles s’entendent les peuples ennemis lorsqu’ils sont en guerre.

The law of war is an expression describing the laws, generally customary, that enemy peoples that are at war agree to.


mezzanine

→ English: mezzanine

PIE word
 *médʰyos
Borrowed from Italian mezzanino, from mezzano (“(adjective) middle; (noun) go-between”) + -ino (diminutive suffix). Mezzano is derived from Latin mediānus (“central, middle”, adjective), from medius (“mid, middle”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“middle”)) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’).


Lucas

a male given name, a Latinate variant of Luc


octante

Borrowed from Latin octāgintā. Doublet of huitante.


koan

Borrowed from Japanese 公案 (kōan), from Literary Chinese 公案 (gōng'àn, literally “public case”).


espadrille

→ English: espadrille

desc

→ North Levantine Arabic: سپدرين (spadrīn)

→ Tunisian Arabic: سبادري (spēdri)

Borrowed from Occitan espardilha via metathesis, itself from espart (“esparto grass”). Compare Catalan espardenya.


réalisateur

fr-noun

réalisateur m (plural réalisateurs, feminine réalisatrice)

réalisateurs (plural)
réalisatrice (feminine)


choix

→ Franco-Provençal: ch·ouèx

Inherited from Middle French choix, from Old French chois, deverbal from choisir, coisir (“to differentiate, see distinctly”), from Frankish (see contemporary Dutch kiezen), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *keusaną (“to choose”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews- (“to choose”). Akin to Old High German kiosan (“to choose”) (whence German kiesen (“to choose”)), Old English ċēosan (“to choose”), Old Norse kjósa (“to choose”). More at choose.


gaz

→ Arabic: غَاز (ḡāz)

→ Greek: γκάζι (gkázi)

→ Hebrew: גז (gaz)

→ Polish: gaz
→ Kashubian: gaz

→ Persian: گاز (gâz)

→ Portuguese: gás

→ Romanian: gaz

desctree

→ Russian: газ (gaz), газъ (gaz) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: газ (gaz)
→ Yakut: газ (gaz)

→ Turkish: gaz


lumière

Inherited from Middle French lumiere f, from Old French lumiere f, from Late Latin lūmināria f (“light”), neuter plural of lūmināre n (“star”) become feminine, ultimately from Latin lūmen n. Doublet of luminaire m.
Compare Occitan lumenaria f and Italian luminaria f.


écrivain

fr-noun

écrivain m (plural écrivains, feminine écrivaine)

Inherited from Old French escrivain, from Vulgar Latin *scrībānem, from Latin scrība, with altered declension. Compare Occitan escrivan, Catalan escrivà, Italian scrivano, Spanish escribano. Doublet of scribe, a borrowing.


sujet

→ Macedonian: сиже́ (sižé)

desctree

→ Russian: сюже́т (sjužét)
→ Kazakh: сюжет (süjet)

→ Serbo-Croatian: sìžē, сѝже̄

→ Slovak: sujet

→ Turkish: süje


taille

→ Danish: talje

→ Russian: та́лия (tálija)

Inherited from Old French taille, from Latin talea (“a cutting”). Compare Italian taglia, Catalan talla.

a direct tax levied during the Ancien Régime; tallage


joueur

fr-adj

joueur (feminine joueuse, masculine plural joueurs, feminine plural joueuses)

joueuse (feminine)
joueurs (masculine plural)
joueuses (feminine plural)


mère

Haitian Creole: mè

Inherited from Middle French mere, from Old French medre, mere, from Latin mātrem, from Proto-Italic *mātēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


(biography and genealogy) denoting birth, born


aujourd'hui

desc

Réunion Creole French: zordi, jordu, zordu

desctree

Saint Dominican Creole French: jordy
Haitian Creole: jodi a

Inherited from Middle French auiourd'huy; univerbation of au + jour + de + hui, literally “on the day of today”; since hui comes from Latin hodie, the phrase literally means "on the day of this day".


février

Haitian Creole: fevriye

→ Iranian Persian: فوریه (fevriye)

→ South Azerbaijani: فئوریه (fevriyə)

→ Tunisian Arabic: فيفري (fīvrī)

Inherited from Old French fevrier, Late Latin Febrārius, from Latin Februārius.


parfait

→ Finnish: parfait, parfee

Calque of Latin perfectus based on French par- + fait, inherited from Latin per- and factus respectively.


ampoule

→ English: ampoule

→ Moore: ãmpulli

→ Persian: آمپول (âmpul)

→ Turkish: ampul

→ Laz: ამფული (ampuli)


pièce

→ Danish: pjece

→ Northern Kurdish: piyes

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: piece

→ Ottoman Turkish: پیهس (piyes)

Turkish: piyes (play - in a theatre)

→ Romanian: piesă

desctree

→ Russian: пье́са (pʹjésa)
→ Armenian: պիես (pies)
→ Georgian: პიესა (ṗiesa)
→ Kazakh: пьеса (pesa)

→ Swedish: pjäs

→ Yiddish: פּיעסע (pyese)

Inherited from Middle French piece, from Old French piece, from Late Latin pettia, from Gaulish *pettya, from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis.

une pièce comptable

une pièce justificative

une pièce à conviction

une pièce d’identité


merlin

splitting maul: an axe with a long handle, the blade of which is coupled with a broad side that can be used as a sledgehammer


rentrée

Portuguese: rentrée

Dans 5 jours, c’est la rentrée.

Pour les jeunes, c’est la rentrée scolaire: beaucoup de parents accompagnent leurs jeunes enfants à l’école le jour de la rentrée des classes, et les patrons sont encouragés à leur accorder cette possibilité.

2015, William Edmiston, Annie Dumenil, La France contemporaine, Cengage Learning, →ISBN:

For children, it is the start of the new school year: many parents accompany their young children to school on the first day back, and bosses are encouraged to allow them to do so.

(education, administration) the return to school or work after a vacation (usually the summer break); start of the school year


Jennifer

From English Jennifer in the 20th century.


lycée

→ Arabic: لِيسيه (līsēh)

→ Ottoman Turkish: لیسه (lise)

Turkish: lise
→ Northern Kurdish: lîse

→ Persian: لیسه (lise)

→ Romanian: liceu

From Latin lyceum, from Ancient Greek Λύκειον (Lúkeion) (the name of a gymnasium, or athletic training facility, near Athens where Aristotle established his school), from Λύκειος ("Lycian" or "wolf-killer").


nosocomial

fr-adj

nosocomial (feminine nosocomiale, masculine plural nosocomiaux, feminine plural nosocomiales)

nosocomiale (feminine)
nosocomiaux (masculine plural)
nosocomiales (feminine plural)

From Late Latin nosocomīum (“hospital”) + -al, from Ancient Greek νοσοκομεῖον (nosokomeîon).

af

(medicine) nosocomial (arising from hospital treatment)


goûter

goûter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
goûtant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
goûté (participle past)
goûte (first-person indicative present singular)
goûtes (indicative present second-person singular)
goûte (indicative present singular third-person)
goûtons (first-person indicative plural present)
goûtez (indicative plural present second-person)
goûtent (indicative plural present third-person)
goûtais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
goûtais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
goûtait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
goûtions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
goûtiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
goûtaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
goûtai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
goûtas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
goûta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
goûtâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
goûtâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
goûtèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
goûterai (first-person future indicative singular)
goûteras (future indicative second-person singular)
goûtera (future indicative singular third-person)
goûterons (first-person future indicative plural)
goûterez (future indicative plural second-person)
goûteront (future indicative plural third-person)
goûterais (conditional first-person singular)
goûterais (conditional second-person singular)
goûterait (conditional singular third-person)
goûterions (conditional first-person plural)
goûteriez (conditional plural second-person)
goûteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
goûte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
goûtes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
goûte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
goûtions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
goûtiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
goûtent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
goûtasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
goûtasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
goûtât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
goûtassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
goûtassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
goûtassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
goûte (imperative second-person singular)
goûtons (first-person imperative plural)
goûtez (imperative plural second-person)

→ German: goutieren

Inherited from Middle French gouster, from Old French goster, inherited from Latin gustāre. Compare the borrowed prefixed verb déguster.

Je goûterai ta tarte demain car j’ai goûté un fameux tiramisu tout à l’heure.

I will taste your pie tomorrow, since I have just tasted an excellent tiramisu.

to taste, to try (to sample something orally)

Cette tarte goûte la cannelle.


goûter

(France) meal similar to breakfast taken around 4 P.M


bande dessinée

fr-noun

bande dessinée f (plural bandes dessinées)


peser

peser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pesant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pesé (participle past)
pèse (first-person indicative present singular)
pèses (indicative present second-person singular)
pèse (indicative present singular third-person)
pesons (first-person indicative plural present)
pesez (indicative plural present second-person)
pèsent (indicative plural present third-person)
pesais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pesais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pesait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pesions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pesiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pesaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pesai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pesas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pesa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pesâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pesâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pesèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
pèserai (first-person future indicative singular)
pèseras (future indicative second-person singular)
pèsera (future indicative singular third-person)
pèserons (first-person future indicative plural)
pèserez (future indicative plural second-person)
pèseront (future indicative plural third-person)
pèserais (conditional first-person singular)
pèserais (conditional second-person singular)
pèserait (conditional singular third-person)
pèserions (conditional first-person plural)
pèserions (conditional first-person plural)
pèseriez (conditional plural second-person)
pèseriez (conditional plural second-person)
pèseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pèse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pèses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pèse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pesions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pesiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pèsent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pesasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pesasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pesât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pesassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pesassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pesassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pèse (imperative second-person singular)
pesons (first-person imperative plural)
pesez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French peser, from Old French peser, from Classical Latin pēnsāre, whence also the doublet penser 'think'.

(intransitive) to weigh (to have a weight of)

(computing, intransitive) of a file, to have a given size

to weigh (to have a weight of)
of a file, to have a given size


lourd

fr-adj

lourd (feminine lourde, masculine plural lourds, feminine plural lourdes)

lourde (feminine)
lourds (masculine plural)
lourdes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French lourd, from Old French lorz, lourt, from Late Latin lurdus, lordus, probably from Latin lūridus (“sallow”), possibly influenced by Frankish *lort (“crooked, clumsy”); related to Old English lort (“crooked”).

Ce type est vraiment lourd, il arrête pas de me parler sans remarquer que je m’en fous.

This guy is really annoying, he won’t stop talking to me and doesn’t notice that I don’t give a shit.


balle

→ Portuguese: bala

Inherited from Middle French balle, from northern Italian balla. Doublet of balle (Etymology 2).


balle

Inherited from Middle French balle (“large bundle, package”), from Old French bale (“rolled-up bundle, packet of goods”) and Medieval Latin bala, of Germanic origin. Cognate with English ball. Doublet of Etymology 1.

der

bundle of goods; packet tied and held together with string


votant

fr-noun

votant m (plural votants, feminine votante)


imago

(entomology) imago (final stage of insect)

(psychology) imago (idealized image of a loved one)


neurone

Turkish: nöron

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron).


Lisa

a female given name, diminutive of Élisabeth


escrime

→ Turkish: eskrim

Alteration (after Italian scrima) of Old French escremie (“combat”), from escremir, from Frankish *skirmjan.


incurable

Learned borrowing from Late Latin incūrābilis. By surface analysis, in- + curable.


dorer

dorer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
dorant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
doré (participle past)
dore (first-person indicative present singular)
dores (indicative present second-person singular)
dore (indicative present singular third-person)
dorons (first-person indicative plural present)
dorez (indicative plural present second-person)
dorent (indicative plural present third-person)
dorais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dorais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dorait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dorions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
doriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
doraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dorai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
doras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
dora (historic indicative past singular third-person)
dorâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
dorâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
dorèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
dorerai (first-person future indicative singular)
doreras (future indicative second-person singular)
dorera (future indicative singular third-person)
dorerons (first-person future indicative plural)
dorerez (future indicative plural second-person)
doreront (future indicative plural third-person)
dorerais (conditional first-person singular)
dorerais (conditional second-person singular)
dorerait (conditional singular third-person)
dorerions (conditional first-person plural)
doreriez (conditional plural second-person)
doreraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
dore (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dores (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dore (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dorions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
doriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dorent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dorasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
dorasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dorât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dorassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
dorassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dorassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dore (imperative second-person singular)
dorons (first-person imperative plural)
dorez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French dorer, inherited from Late Latin deaurāre, from Latin aurāre.

(cooking) to brown, to give food a golden colour by adding an egg yolk


caracole

Borrowed from Spanish caracol, of unclear origin.


garniture

Inherited from Middle French garniture, from Old French garneture, garnesture, from Old French garnir. Compare Anglo-Norman warnesture, warniture, whence Middle English warnestore, warnestoure.

(music, lutherie, bowmaking) lapping, winding


marinade

→ Dutch: marinade

→ English: marinade

→ German: Marinade


immigrant

fr-adj

immigrant (feminine immigrante, masculine plural immigrants, feminine plural immigrantes)

immigrante (feminine)
immigrants (masculine plural)
immigrantes (feminine plural)


irrumation

Learned borrowing from Latin irrumātiōnem.

lbor

L’irrumation est un type de fellation où le mouvement de va-et-vient du pénis est fait par le bénéficiaire de la fellation plutôt que par la personne qui la pratique.

Irrumation is a type of fellatio where the back-and-forth movement of the penis is done by the recipient of the fellatio, rather than by the person who is performing it.


documenteur

Blend of documentaire (“documentary”) + menteur (“liar”), by analogy with the formation of the English term mockumentary


aimant

fr-adj

aimant (feminine aimante, masculine plural aimants, feminine plural aimantes)

aimante (feminine)
aimants (masculine plural)
aimantes (feminine plural)

Un mari aimant.


tante

→ Basque: ttantta

→ Cimbrian: tånte

→ Danish: tante
→ Icelandic: tanta

desctree

→ Dutch: tante
Afrikaans: tante
Berbice Creole Dutch: tanti
Skepi Creole Dutch: tanta
→ Aukan: tanto
→ Malay: tante
Indonesian: tante
→ Papiamentu: tanchi, tanta
→ Sranan Tongo: tanta
→ Caribbean Javanese: tante

→ German: Tante
→ Hungarian: tanti
→ Latvian: tante
→ Norwegian Bokmål: tante
→ Yiddish: טאַנטע (tante)
→ English: tante

→ North Frisian: tante

→ Occitan: tanta

→ Romanian: tanti

→ Swedish: tant

→ Vilamovian: tant

Inherited from Middle French tante, alteration of ante, from Old French ante, from Latin amita ("father's sister"). The initial t- is probably due to childish reduplication.
A derivation from t’ante, that is ta ante (“your aunt”), is grammatically possible because the use of ton with vowel-initial feminines is secondary and was only optional in Middle French. However, if a rebracketing of this sort had occurred, one would not expect it to happen with the second-person pronoun, but much rather the first person (thus *mante).

onomatopoeic

childish

si ma tante en avait, on l’appellerait mon oncle

Ma mère et ma tante sont jumelles.


cheveu

Inherited from Middle French cheveu, from Old French cheveu, from Latin capillus. See there for more details.


bavarois

fr-adj

bavarois (feminine bavaroise, masculine plural bavarois, feminine plural bavaroises)

bavaroise (feminine)
bavarois (masculine plural)
bavaroises (feminine plural)


bodybuilding

Unadapted borrowing from English bodybuilding.


cham

fr-adj

cham (feminine chame, masculine plural chams, feminine plural chames)

chame (feminine)
chams (masculine plural)
chames (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Vietnamese Chăm, from Eastern Cham Cam.


saur

saur (feminine saure, masculine plural saurs, feminine plural saures)

saure (feminine)
saurs (masculine plural)
saures (feminine plural)

From Middle French saur, from Old French sor, from Frankish *sōri, *saur (“dry”), from Proto-Germanic *sauzaz (“dry, parched”). Cognate with Old English sēar (“dry”). More at sear.


pourriel

Blend of poubelle (“rubbish bin”) + courriel, suggested by the Office québécois de la langue française.


poubelle

From the surname Poubelle, named after Eugène Poubelle, prefect of the Seine (i.e. chief administrator of Paris), who promulgated an ordinance in 1884 that all apartments should have trash cans.


foie

Inherited from Old French foie, feie, from Late Latin fīcātum (“liver (as food)”), from Latin iecur fīcātum (“fig-stuffed liver, foie gras”). The French form goes back to a byform ficatum with a short accented -i- (whence Italian fegato), which was then metathesised to *fitacum. The last also underlies in Catalan fetge.


esclaffer

s'esclaffer (infinitive)
s'être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
s’esclaffant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
esclaffé (participle past)
m’esclaffe (first-person indicative present singular)
t’esclaffes (indicative present second-person singular)
s’esclaffe (indicative present singular third-person)
nous esclaffons (first-person indicative plural present)
vous esclaffez (indicative plural present second-person)
s’esclaffent (indicative plural present third-person)
m’esclaffais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
t’esclaffais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
s’esclaffait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nous esclaffions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vous esclaffiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
s’esclaffaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
m’esclaffai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
t’esclaffas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
s’esclaffa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
nous esclaffâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vous esclaffâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
s’esclaffèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
m’esclafferai (first-person future indicative singular)
t’esclafferas (future indicative second-person singular)
s’esclaffera (future indicative singular third-person)
nous esclafferons (first-person future indicative plural)
vous esclafferez (future indicative plural second-person)
s’esclafferont (future indicative plural third-person)
m’esclafferais (conditional first-person singular)
t’esclafferais (conditional second-person singular)
s’esclafferait (conditional singular third-person)
nous esclafferions (conditional first-person plural)
vous esclafferiez (conditional plural second-person)
s’esclafferaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of s'être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of s'être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
m’esclaffe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
t’esclaffes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
s’esclaffe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nous esclaffions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vous esclaffiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
s’esclaffent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
m’esclaffasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
t’esclaffasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
s’esclaffât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nous esclaffassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vous esclaffassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
s’esclaffassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
esclaffe-toi (imperative second-person singular)
esclaffons-nous (first-person imperative plural)
esclaffez-vous (imperative plural second-person)

(always pronominal) to burst out in laughter


ouvert

fr-adj

ouvert (feminine ouverte, masculine plural ouverts, feminine plural ouvertes)

ouverte (feminine)
ouverts (masculine plural)
ouvertes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French ouvert, from Old French overt, from Vulgar Latin *opertus, from Latin apertus. Doublet of apert.

(heraldry) of a building: having a door of a specified colour


SOC

Parti socialiste
w:fr:Parti socialiste (France)

(French politics) Abbreviation of Parti socialiste (“Socialist Party”).


barda

Borrowed from Arabic بَرْذَعَة (barḏaʕa, “packsaddle”).


Libyen

fr-noun

Libyen m (plural Libyens, feminine Libyenne)


jammer

jammer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
jammant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
jammé (participle past)
jamme (first-person indicative present singular)
jammes (indicative present second-person singular)
jamme (indicative present singular third-person)
jammons (first-person indicative plural present)
jammez (indicative plural present second-person)
jamment (indicative plural present third-person)
jammais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
jammais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
jammait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
jammions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
jammiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
jammaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
jammai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
jammas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
jamma (historic indicative past singular third-person)
jammâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
jammâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
jammèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
jammerai (first-person future indicative singular)
jammeras (future indicative second-person singular)
jammera (future indicative singular third-person)
jammerons (first-person future indicative plural)
jammerez (future indicative plural second-person)
jammeront (future indicative plural third-person)
jammerais (conditional first-person singular)
jammerais (conditional second-person singular)
jammerait (conditional singular third-person)
jammerions (conditional first-person plural)
jammeriez (conditional plural second-person)
jammeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
jamme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
jammes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
jamme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
jammions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
jammiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
jamment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
jammasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
jammasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
jammât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
jammassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
jammassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
jammassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
jamme (imperative second-person singular)
jammons (first-person imperative plural)
jammez (imperative plural second-person)

(music, notably jazz) to jam; have a jam session


fusillade

Il a été condamné à mort par fusillade.

He was sentenced to death by firing squad.

L’état des trois victimes de la fusillade est critique.

The three gunshot victims are in critical condition.


parquet

→ Czech: parketa

→ English: parquet

→ Estonian: parkett

→ Finnish: parketti

→ German: Parkett

→ Hungarian: parketta

→ Italian: parquet

→ Norman: partchet

→ Macedonian: паркет (parket)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: پاركه (parke)
Turkish: parke

→ Portuguese: parquete

→ Romanian: parchet n

→ Russian: парке́т (parkét)

→ Spanish: parquet

→ Walloon: parkèt

M. le procureur général est au parquet.

Le parquet anti-terroriste s’est rapidement saisi de l’affaire.

2017 April 21, Julia Pascual, Elise Vincent, “Paris attaqué à la veille de l’élection présidentielle”, in Le Monde:

(law, with definite article) the prosecution


flâneur

fr-noun

flâneur m (plural flâneurs, feminine flâneuse)

→ Danish: flanør

→ English: flaneur

→ German: Flaneur

→ Swedish: flanör


centuple

Et de rendre au centuple à la grande Nature / Tout ce qu’ensemble elle avait joint.

1857, Charles Baudelaire, “Une charogne”, in Les Fleurs du mal [The Flowers of Evil], Paris: Poulet-Malassis et De Broise:


bourse

→ English: bourse

→ Persian: بورس (burs)

→ Romanian: bursă

→ Turkish: burs

Inherited from Old French borse, from Medieval Latin, Late Latin bursa, from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide”).

Les testicules [...] sont suspendus au-dessous du bassin dans une espèce de bourse ou de scrotum [...]

1805, Georges Cuvier, Les organes de la génération:

The testicles … are hanging below the pelvis in a sort of purse or scrotum …

(anatomy)
(generally in the plural) the scrotum

Ça remonte à quand, la dernière fois que tu t’es vidé les bourses ?

When was the last time you emptied your balls?


viril

fr-adj

viril (feminine virile, masculine plural virils, feminine plural viriles)

virile (feminine)
virils (masculine plural)
viriles (feminine plural)


Olivia

a female given name, equivalent to English Olivia


gros

→ Catalan: gro

→ English: gross

→ Spanish: gro

Inherited from Old French gros, from Latin grossus, possibly ultimately of Germanic origin.


waters

Avez-vous vu Pierre ? Oui, il est aux waters !

Have you seen Pierre? Yes, he's in the toilet!


fuselage

→ Catalan: fuselatge

→ English: fuselage

→ Portuguese: fuselagem

desctree

→ Russian: фюзеля́ж (fjuzeljáž)
→ Kazakh: фюзеляж (füzeläj)

→ Spanish: fuselaje

→ Ukrainian: фюзеля́ж (fjuzeljáž)

Etymology tree
French fuseler
French -age
French fuselage
From fuseler + -age.


immobilisation

fr-noun

immobilisation f (countable and uncountable, plural immobilisations)


broc

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-broc (c muet).wav

Uncertain, perhaps borrowed from Old Provençal broc, related to Italian brocca (“jug”).


Thierry

a male given name, equivalent to English Theodoric or Derek


caramel

→ Czech: karamel

→ Danish: karamel

→ Finnish: karamelli

→ Dutch: karamel

→ English: caramel

→ German: Karamell

→ Norwegian Bokmål: karamell

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: karamell

→ Polish: karmel

desctree

→ Russian: караме́ль (karamélʹ)
→ Armenian: կարամել (karamel)
→ Kazakh: карамель (karamel)
→ Ukrainian: караме́ль (karamélʹ)

→ Swedish: karamell

→ Turkish: karamel

Borrowed from Spanish caramelo, from Portuguese caramelo, probably from Late Latin calamellus, and therefore doublet of the inherited chalumeau.


honte

Inherited from Middle French honte, from Old French hunte (“dishonour”), from Early Medieval Latin haunta, borrowed from Frankish *haunitha (“disdain, scorn, ridicule”), from Proto-Germanic *hauniþō (“humiliation”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to be evil, make evil”).
Cognate with Old High German hōnida (“dishonour”), Middle Dutch hoonde (“dishonour”), Old English hīenþ, hīenþu (“humiliation”). More at hean.


mois

Inherited from Middle French moys, from Old French mois, from earlier meis, from Latin mēnsis.
Compare Catalan mes, Italian mese, Occitan mes, Portuguese mês, Romansch mais, Spanish mes.

(euphemistic, archaic) period, menstruation [1535—early 20th c.]


ivrogne

fr-noun

ivrogne m or f by sense (plural ivrognes, feminine ivrognesse)

Silene dioica
Silene dioica#Translingual


ivre

Inherited from Old French yvre, inherited from Latin ēbrius.

ivre de bonheur

ivre de malheur

ivre d’amour

(figurative) drunk, intoxicated, overwhelmed


ultramicroscope

ultramicroscope m (plural ultramicroscopes)


chalet

→ English: chalet

→ Hijazi Arabic: شاليه (šalē)

→ Polish: szalet

→ Portuguese: chalé

→ Spanish: chalé, chalet

Swiss French, from Franco-Provençal çhalè (“herdsman's hut in the mountains”), from Old Franco-Provençal chaslet, diminutive of chasel (“farmhouse”), from Late Latin casalis (“house-like, house-related”), from Latin casa (“house”).


grêler

grêler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
grêlant (gerund participle present)
grêlant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
grêlé (participle past)
grêlé (participle past)
grêle (indicative present singular third-person)
grêlait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grêlait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grêla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grêla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grêlera (future indicative singular third-person)
grêlerait (conditional singular third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
grêle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grêlât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
grêlât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)


ganache

(cooking) ganache (sauce made of chocolate and cream)

(theater) The role of a stupid and gullible old man.


sachet

→ English: sachet

→ Portuguese: sachê

→ Turkish: şase

From sac + -et, with palatalization of c.

ne pas avoir toutes ses frites dans le même sachet


vaginal

fr-adj

vaginal (feminine vaginale, masculine plural vaginaux, feminine plural vaginales)

vaginale (feminine)
vaginaux (masculine plural)
vaginales (feminine plural)

→ Dutch: vaginaal

Les sécrétions vaginales, quand elles ont une consistance mucilagineuse adéquate, favorisent la pénétration et les mouvements du pénis ou de l’objet pénétrant dans le vagin et facilitent le plaisir sexuel.

Vaginal secretions have a mucilaginous consistency that eases the penetration and movement of the penis or the penetrating object into and inside the vagina (thus) facilitating (female) sexual pleasure.


azerty

From the first six letters on the top row of the standard French keyboard.


réseau

Haitian Creole: rezo

From rets (“fishing net”) + -eau, from Old French reiz, rez. It appeared in 12th century Old French as resel.


dissonance

→ German: Dissonanz

→ Polish: dysonans

Learned borrowing from Late Latin dissonantia.

lbor

(music) dissonance (conflicting notes that are not overtones of the note or chord sounding)


portefeuille

→ Danish: portefølje

→ Dutch: portefeuille

→ German: Portefeuille

→ Limburgish: portefui

→ Norwegian Bokmål: portefølje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: portefølje

→ Polish: portfel

→ Portuguese: porta-fólio

→ Russian: портфе́ль (portfélʹ)

→ Romanian: portofel

→ Swedish: portfölj

→ Turkish: portföy

→ Ukrainian: портфе́ль (portfélʹ)

→ West Frisian: portefúlje

From porte (“carry”, third person singular indicative) + feuille (“sheet, paper”). Cognate with Italian portafoglio (whence French portfolio).


août

Guianese Creole: oût

Haitian Creole: out

Mauritian Creole: out

→ Iranian Persian: اوت (ut)

→ South Azerbaijani: اوت (ut)

→ Tunisian Arabic: اوت (ūt)

Inherited from Old French aost, from Vulgar Latin agustus, from Latin augustus. Doublet of auguste.


décembre

Guianese Creole: désanm

Haitian Creole: desanm

→ Iranian Persian: دسامبر (desâmbr)

→ South Azerbaijani: دئسامبر (desambr)

→ Tunisian Arabic: ديسمبر (desōmbr)

Inherited from Old French decembre, a borrowing from Latin decembrem.


sperme

→ Persian: اسپرم (esperm)

Borrowed from Latin sperma, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma).


soixante-dix

Louisiana Creole: swasant-dis


septante

Inherited from Old French setante, from Latin septuāgintā, from *septmāginta, from Proto-Indo-European *septm̥̄ḱomt, from earlier *septḿ̥dḱomt (“seven-ten”). The -p- was restored under influence of the Latin word.

(Belgium, Switzerland, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Acadia, Savoy) seventy

Democratic Republic of the Congo; Acadia; Savoy; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Acadia; Savoy


dix-sept

Louisiana Creole: di-sèt, dis-sèt


dix-huit

Louisiana Creole: diz-wit


quatre-vingt-un

quatre-vingt-une (feminine)
quatre-vingt-uns (masculine plural)
quatre-vingt-unes (feminine plural)


quatre-vingt-dix

Louisiana Creole: katre-vin-dis


incontinent

fr-adj

incontinent (feminine incontinente, masculine plural incontinents, feminine plural incontinentes)

incontinente (feminine)
incontinents (masculine plural)
incontinentes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French incontinent, borrowed from Latin incontinentem, from in + continens.

inh+

(medicine) incontinent, suffering from incontinence, enuretic


adolescence

Learned borrowing from Latin adulēscentia.


siphon

→ German: Siphon
→ Czech: sifon

→ Romanian: sifon

From Middle French siphon, from Old French sifon, from Latin sīphō from Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “pipe, tube”), of unknown ultimate origin.


sympathique

→ Dutch: sympathiek

→ Romanian: simpatic

→ Russian: симпатичный (simpatičnyj)

→ Turkish: sempatik

Inherited from Middle French sympathic, from sympathie, from Late Latin sympathia, from Ancient Greek συμπάθεια (sumpátheia), from συν- (sun-, “with, together”) + πάθος (páthos, “suffering”).


licence

→ Turkish: lisans

→ Persian: لیسانس (lisâns)

Inherited from Old French licence, borrowed from Latin licentia.

(education) bachelor's degree (three-year long)


Provençal

fr-noun

Provençal m (plural Provençaux, feminine Provençale)

Provençaux (plural)
Provençale (feminine)

Provençal (resident or native of Provence)


délicat

fr-adj

délicat (feminine délicate, masculine plural délicats, feminine plural délicates)

délicate (feminine)
délicats (masculine plural)
délicates (feminine plural)

→ Alemannic German: delekat

→ Danish: delikat

desctree

→ German: delikat
→ Polish: delikatny
→ Russian: деликатный (delikatnyj)

→ Norwegian: delikat

→ Romanian: delicat

→ Swedish: delikat

Inherited from Middle French delicat, borrowed from Latin dēlicātus.


Savoyard

fr-noun

Savoyard m (plural Savoyards, feminine Savoyarde)


modal

From Medieval Latin modalis, from Latin modus 'mode'.

cf modal (textile)


accent grave

→ Dutch: accent grave

→ Indonesian: accent grave

→ Norwegian Bokmål: accent grave


travelling

Pseudo-anglicism, from English travel + -ing.

(cinematography) dolly, camera dolly (a specialized piece of film equipment resembling a little cart on which a camera is mounted)


miser

miser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
misant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
misé (participle past)
mise (first-person indicative present singular)
mises (indicative present second-person singular)
mise (indicative present singular third-person)
misons (first-person indicative plural present)
misez (indicative plural present second-person)
misent (indicative plural present third-person)
misais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
misais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
misait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
misions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
misiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
misaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
misai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
misas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
misa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
misâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
misâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
misèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
miserai (first-person future indicative singular)
miseras (future indicative second-person singular)
misera (future indicative singular third-person)
miserons (first-person future indicative plural)
miserez (future indicative plural second-person)
miseront (future indicative plural third-person)
miserais (conditional first-person singular)
miserais (conditional second-person singular)
miserait (conditional singular third-person)
miserions (conditional first-person plural)
miseriez (conditional plural second-person)
miseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
mise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
misions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
misiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
misent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
misasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
misasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
misât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
misassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
misassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
misassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mise (imperative second-person singular)
misons (first-person imperative plural)
misez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Romanian: miza


épousailles

(dated, plural only) nuptials; wedding celebration


tirer

tirer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
tirant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
tiré (participle past)
tire (first-person indicative present singular)
tires (indicative present second-person singular)
tire (indicative present singular third-person)
tirons (first-person indicative plural present)
tirez (indicative plural present second-person)
tirent (indicative plural present third-person)
tirais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tirais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tirait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tirions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tiriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tiraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tirai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
tiras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
tira (historic indicative past singular third-person)
tirâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
tirâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
tirèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
tirerai (first-person future indicative singular)
tireras (future indicative second-person singular)
tirera (future indicative singular third-person)
tirerons (first-person future indicative plural)
tirerez (future indicative plural second-person)
tireront (future indicative plural third-person)
tirerais (conditional first-person singular)
tirerais (conditional second-person singular)
tirerait (conditional singular third-person)
tirerions (conditional first-person plural)
tireriez (conditional plural second-person)
tireraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tire (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tires (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tire (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tirions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tiriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tirent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tirasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tirasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tirât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tirassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tirassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tirassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tire (imperative second-person singular)
tirons (first-person imperative plural)
tirez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: tire

Louisiana Creole: tiré

From Middle French tirer, from Old French tirer, from Vulgar Latin *tīrāre.

to draw (conclusions), to consider (consequences)

Ils s’imaginent qu’en ne répondant pas, ou qu’en répondant n’importe quoi, quitte à se contredire toutes les cinq minutes, ils parviendront à s’en tirer.

1954, Georges Simenon, Maigret et la jeune morte [Maigret and the Dead Girl]:

They imagine they can save themselves by refusing to answer questions—or by answering at random and even contradicting themselves every five minutes.


tiramisu

Borrowed from Italian tiramisù (literally “pick-me-up”).


jour de l'an

jour de l’ an (canonical masculine)
jours de l’an (plural)

/ʒuʁ də l‿ɑ̃/


sept péchés capitaux

Meronyms: avarice, colère, envie, gourmandise, luxure, orgueil, paresse


modulation

Learned borrowing from Latin modulātiō. By surface analysis, moduler + -ation.


Sylvia

From Latin Silvia. A Latinate variant of Sylvie.


Tristan

a male given name, equivalent to English Tristan


susceptible

Évite de le critiquer, il est très susceptible.

Avoid criticising him, he's very touchy.


blocus

Inherited from Middle French blocus, bloccus, from Middle Dutch blochuus.

Le blocus de Latchine a pour toile de fond la négociation d’un accord de paix global.

2023 May, Constant Léon, “L'Arménie en quête de soutien”, in Le Monde diplomatique, page 12:

The blockade of Lachin is taking place against the backdrop of the negotiation of a comprehensive peace agreement.


maharaja

fr-noun

maharaja m (plural maharajas, feminine maharani)


inaudible

inaudible (unable to be heard or not loud enough to be heard)

(derogatory) unlistenable (very unpleasant to listen to)


Julian

a male given name, English variant of Julien


diable

Haitian Creole: dyab

→ English: diable, diablo

Chinook Jargon: le diaub

Inherited from Middle French diable, from Old French diable, deable, a semi-learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin or Late Latin diabolus, from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos).


Sidon

Borrowed from Latin Sīdōn, from Ancient Greek Σιδών (Sidṓn), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤉𐤃𐤅𐤍 (ṣydwn).

Sidon (a city, a state of Levant in Phoenicia), now the modern day Saïda in Lebanon.


bru

From Middle French bru, from Old French bru, brui, bruz, from Late Latin bruta, brutis, from Old High German brūt (“daughter-in-law, bride”) or Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌸𐍃 (bruþs, “daughter-in-law”); both from Proto-Germanic *brūdiz (“bride, daughter-in-law”). Akin to Old English brȳd (“bride”), English bride.


déshabillé

fr-adj

déshabillé (feminine déshabillée, masculine plural déshabillés, feminine plural déshabillées)

déshabillée (feminine)
déshabillés (masculine plural)
déshabillées (feminine plural)


rognon

Inherited from Middle French rognon, roignon, from Old French roignon, rognon, from Vulgar Latin *rēniōnem, *rēniōnem, from Latin rēn (“kidney”). Cognate with Norman rignon, Spanish riñón, Occitan renhon. See also French rein and -on.


rognon blanc

/ʁɔ.ɲɔ̃ blɑ̃/

LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-rognon blanc.wav


âme

Inherited from Middle French ame, amme, from Old French ame, anme, anima, from Latin anima.