pantalon

→ Arabic: بَنْطَلُون (banṭalōn)

Hijazi Arabic: بنطلون (banṭalōn)

→ English: pantaloon, pantaloons

→ Urdu: پَتْلُون (patlūn)

→ Persian:

Dari: پتلون (patlān)

→ Italian: pantalone

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: پانتالون (pantalon), پانطالون (pantalon), پانطولون (pantolon)
Turkish: pantolon, pantalon
→ Albanian: pantallona pl

→ Polish: pantalony

→ Romanian: pantalon

→ Spanish: pantalón
→ Cebuano: pantalon
→ Kapampangan: pantalun
→ Maguindanao: pantalun
→ Murui Huitoto: pataro
→ Tagalog: pantalon

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek πᾶς (pâs)
Ancient Greek ἔλεος (éleos)
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *-eyéti
Proto-Indo-European *-esyéti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Ancient Greek -έω (-éō)
Ancient Greek ἐλεέω (eleéō)
Proto-Indo-European *-mō
Ancient Greek -μων (-mōn)
Ancient Greek ἐλεήμων (eleḗmōn)
Ancient Greek Παντελεήμων (Panteleḗmōn)bor.
Spanish Pantaleónder.
Italian Pantaloneder.
French pantalon
From Italian Pantalone m, a character from the commedia dell'arte whose hose were portrayed as being down around his feet. The name is traditionally linked to the martyr Saint Pantaleon, from Ancient Greek Παντελεήμων (Panteleḗmōn), a name meaning "all-compassionate".


professeur

fr-noun

professeur m (plural professeurs, feminine professeure or professeuse)

professeurs (plural)
professeure (feminine)
professeuse (feminine)

→ Turkish: profesör

[pχɔfɛsɑœ̯ɹ]

Professeur de français, professeur de mathématiques.

Le conseil de faculté comprend les professeurs titulaires et a notamment pour fonction de présenter des candidats aux chaires vacantes.

The faculty council comprises tenured professors and has the particular function of presenting candidates for vacant chairs.


cabine

→ Catalan: cabina

→ Czech: kabina

→ Danish: kabine

→ Dutch: cabine

→ German: Kabine

→ Galician: cabina

→ Hungarian: kabin

→ Italian: cabina

→ North Frisian: kabine

→ Polish: kabina

→ Portuguese: cabina, cabine

→ Romanian: cabină

→ Russian: кабина (kabina)

→ Slovak: kabína

→ Slovene: kabina

→ Spanish: cabina

→ Turkish: kabin

Borrowed from English cabin. Doublet of cabane.


CSP

Acronym of catégorie socioprofessionnelle.


Michel

From Latin Michāēlem, from Ancient Greek Μῐχᾱήλ (Mĭkhāḗl), from the Hebrew מִיכָאֵל (mikha'él, “Michael”, literally “Who is like God”). Cognate with English Michael, Spanish Miguel, Italian Michele.


tir à l'arc

archery (practice or sport of shooting arrows with a bow)


ordinateur

Borrowed from Latin ōrdinātōrem (“one who orders”), from ōrdinō (“to order, organize”).
In its application to computing, it was coined by the professor of philology Jacques Perret in a letter dated 16 April 1955, in response to a request from IBM France, who believed the word calculateur was too restrictive in light of the possibilities of these machines.

bor+

Il a un ordinateur.

Elle est à l’ordinateur.

(computing) a computer, a computing device.

(archaic, Christianity) one who performs an ordination ceremony


Roland

a male given name, equivalent to English Roland


rapide

Borrowed from Latin rapidus. Compare the inherited Old French rade.


rapide

(especially in plural) rapid (stretch of river)


jailbreak

(computing) jailbreak (a modification to the firmware of an electronic device (typically a mobile phone or tablet) to allow the installation and use of software not officially supported by the device's manufacturer).


armada

→ Romanian: armadă

Borrowed from Spanish armada. Doublet of armée.


montagnes russes

→ Catalan: muntanyes russes (calque)

→ Italian: montagne russe (calque)

→ Portuguese: montanha-russa (calque)

→ Spanish: montaña rusa (calque)

Literally, “Russian mountains”, a predecessor to the modern roller coaster popular in 18th century Russia and introduced in Paris in 1812 under the name Les Montagnes Russes à Belleville.

Holonym: parc d’attractions

2010, Paulo Coelho, Onze minutes (original title: Onze minutos), Flammarion (publ.).
Je suis restée très longtemps devant les montagnes russes : je voyais que la plupart des gens entraient là en quête d’émotions mais, une fois que les véhicules se mettaient en marche, ils mouraient de peur et suppliaient qu’on les arrête.

I stood for a long time by the roller coaster, and I noticed that most people get on it in search of excitement, but that once it starts, they are terrified and want the cars to stop.


sucer

sucer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
suçant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sucé (participle past)
suce (first-person indicative present singular)
suces (indicative present second-person singular)
suce (indicative present singular third-person)
suçons (first-person indicative plural present)
sucez (indicative plural present second-person)
sucent (indicative plural present third-person)
suçais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
suçais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
suçait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sucions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
suciez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
suçaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
suçai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
suças (historic indicative past second-person singular)
suça (historic indicative past singular third-person)
suçâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
suçâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sucèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sucerai (first-person future indicative singular)
suceras (future indicative second-person singular)
sucera (future indicative singular third-person)
sucerons (first-person future indicative plural)
sucerez (future indicative plural second-person)
suceront (future indicative plural third-person)
sucerais (conditional first-person singular)
sucerais (conditional second-person singular)
sucerait (conditional singular third-person)
sucerions (conditional first-person plural)
suceriez (conditional plural second-person)
suceraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
suce (first-person present singular subjunctive)
suces (present second-person singular subjunctive)
suce (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sucions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
suciez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sucent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
suçasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
suçasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
suçât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
suçassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
suçassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
suçassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
suce (imperative second-person singular)
suçons (first-person imperative plural)
sucez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: souse

Inherited from Middle French sucer, sucher, succer, from Old French sucer, from Vulgar Latin *sūctiāre, derived from the supine stem sūctum of Latin sūgō (“to suck”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewg-, *sewk- (“to suck”).

Elle suce trop bien.

Or c’était l’heure où les créatifs se font sucer. En passant par le bois de Boulogne, tu t’arrêtes pour acheter une fellation sans capote. Vingt minutes après, tu es de retour à l’agence.

2000, Frédéric Beigbeder, 99 francs, Gallimard, →ISBN, page 86:

It was the time of day when the creatives go to get sucked off. Going through the Bois de Boulogne, you stop to pay for a blow job without a condom. Twenty minutes later, you're back at the agency.

(slang, vulgar) to give head, to suck off


José

An old French vernacular form of Joseph.


Messier

Inherited from Old French messier (“harvest warden”), from meis (“harvest”).


plumbago

Borrowed from Latin plumbāgō. See also plombagine.


erre

The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.


erre

Possibly a descendant of Latin itinerem (“path”), or alternatively derived from errer (“to wander”).

Un navire avec erre doit allumer ses feux de route.

A vessel under way must exhibit running lights.

Pour bien accoster il faut casser l’erre du bateau.

To dock properly you must take way off the boat.

(nautical) way, inertia, movement through the water


pape

Haitian Creole: pap

→ Persian: پاپ (pâp)

Inherited from Middle French pape, from Old French pape, from Ecclesiastical Latin papa, from early Byzantine Greek παπᾶς (papâs, “patriarch, bishop”), from late Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas).

der

Le pape est mort.


acquitter

acquitter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
acquittant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
acquitté (participle past)
acquitte (first-person indicative present singular)
acquittes (indicative present second-person singular)
acquitte (indicative present singular third-person)
acquittons (first-person indicative plural present)
acquittez (indicative plural present second-person)
acquittent (indicative plural present third-person)
acquittais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
acquittais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
acquittait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
acquittions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
acquittiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
acquittaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
acquittai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
acquittas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
acquitta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
acquittâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
acquittâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
acquittèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
acquitterai (first-person future indicative singular)
acquitteras (future indicative second-person singular)
acquittera (future indicative singular third-person)
acquitterons (first-person future indicative plural)
acquitterez (future indicative plural second-person)
acquitteront (future indicative plural third-person)
acquitterais (conditional first-person singular)
acquitterais (conditional second-person singular)
acquitterait (conditional singular third-person)
acquitterions (conditional first-person plural)
acquitteriez (conditional plural second-person)
acquitteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
acquitte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
acquittes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
acquitte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
acquittions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
acquittiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
acquittent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
acquittasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
acquittasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
acquittât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
acquittassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
acquittassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
acquittassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
acquitte (imperative second-person singular)
acquittons (first-person imperative plural)
acquittez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French acquiter, from Medieval Latin acquitāre, adquietāre (“to pay a debt”), from ad- + quitare (“to set free”), from Late Latin quietāre.


arctophile

fr-noun

arctophile m or f by sense (plural arctophiles)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos
Ancient Greek ἄρκτος (árktos)lbor.
Proto-Indo-European *bʰil-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Hellenic *pʰílos
Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.
Latin -philalbor.
French -phile
French arctophile
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄρκτος (árktos, “bear”) + -phile.

lbor

arctophile (one who has a fondness for teddy bears)


chéri

fr-adj

chéri (feminine chérie, masculine plural chéris, feminine plural chéries)

chérie (feminine)
chéris (masculine plural)
chéries (feminine plural)


chéri

fr-noun

chéri m (plural chéris, feminine chérie)


métier

→ English: métier

→ German: Metier

Inherited from Old French mestier, inherited from Vulgar Latin *misterium, a conflation of mystērium (whence French mystère) and ministerium (whence French ministère). Compare Portuguese mester, also Portuguese mister, Italian mestiere, Spanish and Catalan menester.

chacun son métier, les vaches seront bien gardées


coupé

fr-adj

coupé (feminine coupée, masculine plural coupés, feminine plural coupées)

coupée (feminine)
coupés (masculine plural)
coupées (feminine plural)

(heraldry) divided into two equal parts horizontally, per fess; said of an escutcheon


Monégasque

fr-noun

Monégasque m or f by sense (plural Monégasques)

Monégasque (resident or native of Monaco)


habile

From Latin habilis (“suitable; apt”), from habeō (“to handle”).


maladroit

fr-adj

maladroit (feminine maladroite, masculine plural maladroits, feminine plural maladroites)

maladroite (feminine)
maladroits (masculine plural)
maladroites (feminine plural)

English: maladroit

Une revanche très maladroite et inopportune puisque les élus brillent par leur absence et les ingénieurs, informaticiens, physiciens et autres ne déméritent aucunement.

2004 January 16, “Éditorial : Un cautère sur une jambe de bois”, in Aujourd'hui:


vieillard

fr-noun

vieillard m (plural vieillards, feminine vieillarde)

vieillards (plural)
vieillarde (feminine)

Inherited from Old French vieillard, from vieil + -ard.


peignoir

→ English: peignoir

→ Italian: peignoir

→ Russian: пеньюа́р (penʹjuár)

cape (long light clothing used to protect the clothes in e.g. a barber)


jupe

→ Egyptian Arabic: جيبة (žība)

→ German: Jupe

→ Luxembourgish: Jupe

→ Spanish: chupa

→ Galician: chupa

→ Vietnamese: giuýp

Inherited from Middle French jupe, from Old Italian giubba, from Arabic جُبَّة (jubba, “long garment”).

On était une bonne trentaine, rien que des cadres moyens âgés de vint-cinq à quarante ans. À un moment donné il y a une connasse qui a commencé à se déshabiller. Ella a ôté son T-shirt, puis son soutien-gorge, puis sa jupe, tout ça en faisant des mines incroyables.

1994, Michel Houellebecq, Extension du domaine de la lutte:

There were a good thirty of us, all middle-ranking executives aged between twenty-five and forty. At one point, some stupid bitch started undressing. She took off her T-shirt, then her bra, then her skirt, all while pulling the most incredible faces.


chaussette

From chausse + -ette. Compare Occitan cauceta, Catalan calceta.

laisser tomber comme une vieille chaussette


culotte

→ Japanese: キュロット (kyurotto)

→ Portuguese: culote m, calote m

→ Romanian: chilot m

→ Spanish: culote m

→ Turkish: külot, kilot

Etymology tree
French cul
French -otte
French culotte
From cul m + -otte f. Equivalent to the feminine derivative of culot m.


soutien-gorge

fr-noun

soutien-gorge m (plural soutiens-gorge or soutien-gorges or soutien-gorge)

soutiens-gorge (plural)
soutien-gorges (plural)
soutien-gorge (plural)

see soutien

We were in our thirties, nothing but middle managers aged between twenty-five and forty. At one point there's a bitch who started to get undressed. She took off her t-shirt, then her bra, then her skirt, all while making incredible faces.


ceinture

→ Romanian: centură

Inherited from Old French ceinture, inherited from Latin cinctūra.


collant

fr-adj

collant (feminine collante, masculine plural collants, feminine plural collantes)

collante (feminine)
collants (masculine plural)
collantes (feminine plural)


collant

desc

→ Portuguese: colãs, collants (unadapted form), colã, collant (unadapted form)

(usually in the plural) tights (UK), pantyhose (US)


manche

Inherited from Middle French manche, from Old French manche, from Latin manica, from manus (“hand”).

la troisième manche


casquette

→ Portuguese: casquete, casqueta

→ Russian: кашкет (kašket)

→ Turkish: kasket


pyjama

→ Romanian: pijama

→ Turkish: pijama

English pyjama, from Urdu پایجامه (pāyjāma) / Hindi पैजामा (paijāmā), from Persian پایجامه (pâyjâma) / پاجامه (pâjâma, “leg garment”).


écharpe

→ Arabic:

Egyptian Arabic: ايشارب (ʔišārb)

North Levantine Arabic: ايشارب (ʔišārb)

→ Catalan: xarpa

→ Dutch: sjerp

→ German: Schärpe

→ Italian: sciarpa

→? Low German: scherpe

→ Swedish: skärp

→ Persian: اشارپ (ešârp)

→ Polish: sharfa

→ Portuguese: echarpe, écharpe

→ Serbo-Croatian: ešarpa

→ Spanish: charpa

→ Turkish: eşarp

Inherited from Middle French escharpe, escherpe, from Old French escharpe, escherpe, eskerpe, eschreppe, escreppe (“small bag, satchel”).


matelas

From Old French materas, probably from Italian materasso (perhaps via Frankish), from Arabic مَطْرَح (maṭraḥ, “carpet, place where something is thrown”), from طَرَحَ (ṭaraḥa, “to throw”). Doublet of matras.


couper

couper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
coupant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
coupé (participle past)
coupe (first-person indicative present singular)
coupes (indicative present second-person singular)
coupe (indicative present singular third-person)
coupons (first-person indicative plural present)
coupez (indicative plural present second-person)
coupent (indicative plural present third-person)
coupais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
coupais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
coupait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
coupions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
coupiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
coupaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
coupai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
coupas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
coupa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
coupâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
coupâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
coupèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
couperai (first-person future indicative singular)
couperas (future indicative second-person singular)
coupera (future indicative singular third-person)
couperons (first-person future indicative plural)
couperez (future indicative plural second-person)
couperont (future indicative plural third-person)
couperais (conditional first-person singular)
couperais (conditional second-person singular)
couperait (conditional singular third-person)
couperions (conditional first-person plural)
couperiez (conditional plural second-person)
couperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
coupe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
coupes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
coupe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
coupions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
coupiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
coupent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
coupasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
coupasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
coupât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
coupassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
coupassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
coupassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
coupe (imperative second-person singular)
coupons (first-person imperative plural)
coupez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French coper, colper (“to cut off”), probably, derived from cop (“blow”), colp (modern coup), with its meaning coming from the idea of cutting off with a blow. It may correspond to a Vulgar Latin verb *colpāre, syncopated form of *colaphāre, from Latin colaphus (compare Old Spanish golpar, colpar, Old Galician-Portuguese golpar, golbar). Alternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *cuppāre (“to behead”), from Latin caput (“head”), although this is unlikely. Not related to couteau.

ne pas avoir inventé le fil à couper le beurre

couper le cours d’une rivière

couper le souffle

couper l’appétit

couper l’envie


famille

Haitian Creole: fanmi

→ Luxembourgish: Famill

Iranian Persian: فامیل (fâmil)

Inherited from Middle French famille, borrowed from Latin familia.


mur

Inherited from Middle French mur, from Old French mur, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”).


pasteur

fr-noun

pasteur m (plural pasteurs, feminine pastoresse)

Inherited from Middle French pasteur, from Old French pastur, pastor, an accusative form corresponding originally to nominative pastre (whence modern pâtre), from Latin pastor, pastōrem. Early on was there a tendency towards functional split, the original accusative being influenced by the Latin etymon and used particularly in religious context. This influence also explains the survival of the /s/ (instead of *pâteur). A strict division between inherited form and learned use is hardly possible, however, as the word is continuously attested and would have been spelt pasteur in Middle French in any case. Compare the diminutive pastoureau (also pâtoureau), which is clearly inherited from Old French pastorel.

(figurative, Christianity) one who looks after the flock of the faithful

a priest in his function as a spiritual carer

(Protestantism) pastor, reverend (title of a minister)


traceur

traceur m (plural traceurs, feminine traceuse)

→ English: traceur

(computing, Internet) cookie used to store data about a website visitor


amaretto

Borrowed from Italian amaretto, from amaro (“bitter”) (from Latin amārus) + diminutive ending -etto.


pincer

pincer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pinçant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pincé (participle past)
pince (first-person indicative present singular)
pinces (indicative present second-person singular)
pince (indicative present singular third-person)
pinçons (first-person indicative plural present)
pincez (indicative plural present second-person)
pincent (indicative plural present third-person)
pinçais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pinçais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pinçait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pincions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pinciez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pinçaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pinçai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pinças (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pinça (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pinçâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pinçâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pincèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
pincerai (first-person future indicative singular)
pinceras (future indicative second-person singular)
pincera (future indicative singular third-person)
pincerons (first-person future indicative plural)
pincerez (future indicative plural second-person)
pinceront (future indicative plural third-person)
pincerais (conditional first-person singular)
pincerais (conditional second-person singular)
pincerait (conditional singular third-person)
pincerions (conditional first-person plural)
pinceriez (conditional plural second-person)
pinceraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pince (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pinces (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pince (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pincions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pinciez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pincent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pinçasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pinçasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pinçât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pinçassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pinçassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pinçassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pince (imperative second-person singular)
pinçons (first-person imperative plural)
pincez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French pincier, pincer (“to pinch”).

(music) to pluck (a stringed instrument)


maman

Haitian Creole: manman

→ Portuguese: mamã

→ Spanish: mamá

→ Persian: مامان (mâmân)

Inherited from Middle French memmen, from baby talk, possibly influenced by Latin mamma.

onomatopoeic

baby talk

Au revoir, maman, je t’appelle demain.

Pleure pas, mon chéri, maman est là.

Il y a cinq canetons dans la cour, mais je ne vois pas la maman.

There are five ducklings in the yard, but I don't see the mother duck.

(informal or childish) mummy, mommy, mom, mum


gourde

Inherited from Old French coorde, cohourde, with later voicing of initial c-, from Latin cucurbita. Doublet of courge (from the form cohourge). Compare English gourd.

(by extension) water bottle; flask; canteen (water bottle used by soldiers, camper etc.)


gourde

Influenced by the adjective gourd (“clumsy”).


sucre

Haitian Creole: sik

→⇒ Danish: sucrose

→⇒ English: sucrose

→ Malecite-Passamaquoddy: sukol (or from English)

→ Mango: súkàr

→ Rade: sĭk

From Old French çucre, from Old Italian zucchero (or another vernacular of Italy), from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šekar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar”, originally “grit, gravel”); see sugar for more details.


Tamoul

fr-noun

Tamoul m (plural Tamouls, feminine Tamoule)


semis

(agriculture) a technique for planting seeds on a terrain


pyridoxine

(biochemistry) pyridoxine (a derivative of pyridine, 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, found in fish, liver, cereals and yeast, and essential for the metabolism of amino acids and starch)


Coupe du Monde

Coupe du Monde f (plural Coupes du Monde)

Alternative letter-case form of coupe du monde when referring to a specific World Cup


nougat

→ Arabic: نُوغَة (nūḡa)

→ Armenian: նուգա (nuga)

→ Bulgarian: нуга (nuga)

→ Danish: nougat

→ Dutch: nougat

→ English: nougat (see there for further descendants)

→ Esperanto: nugato

→ Finnish: nugaa, nougat

→ Faroese: nugga

→ German: Nougat

→ Hebrew: נוגט (núgat)

→ Hungarian: nugát

→ Japanese: ヌガー (nugā)

→ Korean: 누가 (nuga)

→ New Latin: nucatum

→ Malay: nugat

→ Norwegian Bokmål: nugat, nougat

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: nugat, nougat

→ Polish: nugat

→ Portuguese: nougat

→ Russian: нуга́ (nugá)

→ Swedish: nougat

→ Vietnamese: nu-ga


yaourt

(chiefly France, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, New Caledonia, Réunion, West Africa) yoghurt

Cambodia; Laos; Algeria; Tunisia; Cambodia; Laos; Algeria; Tunisia

a song where the singer makes up the words as they're singing, either as dummy lyrics as part of the songwriting process, or because the singer doesn't know the real lyrics of an existing song; used primarily with a verb: chanter en yaourt


yali

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یالی (yalı), from Greek γιαλός (gialós).


Annam

English: Annam

Vietnamese: An Nam

Borrowed from Vietnamese An Nam, from Chinese 安南 (Ānnán).

(history) Annam (a former colonial province of China, now part of Vietnam's present-day Tonkin)

(history) Annam (a former French colony, one of the French protectorates in Vietnam, located in Central Vietnam)


traduction

fr-noun

traduction f (countable and uncountable, plural traductions)

Learned borrowing from Latin trāductiō (“transferring, translation”, literally “leading across”), from trādūcō (“to lead across”), from trāns (“across”) + dūcō (“to lead”).

lbor

Coordinate term: interprétation

traduction à vue

traduction automatique

traduction assistée par ordinateur

(translation studies, uncountable) translation (the discipline or study of translating written language)


cou-de-pied

→ Greek: κουντεπιέ (kountepié)


intestin

→ Romanian: intestin n

Inherited from Middle French intestin m (first attested in the 15th c.), learned borrowing from Latin intestīnum n.

gros intestin

intestin grêle


intestin grêle

fr-noun

intestin grêle m (plural intestins grêles)

/ɛ̃.tɛs.tɛ̃ ɡʁɛl/


nombril

Inherited from Middle French nombril, from Old French nonbril, from Vulgar Latin *umbilīculus (compare Occitan embonilh), from Latin umbilīcus. The initial n is probably due to an interference from possessive determiners: Old French mun onbril (“my navel”) → mun nonbril (i.e. a rebracketing). Compare the development of Catalan llombrígol, Romanian buric. Doublet of ombilic, a borrowing.


œsophage

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek οἰσοφάγος (oisophágos).


pénis

Holonym: body

Meronyms: corps caverneux, corps spongieux, frein, gland, prépuce; see also Thesaurus:pénis


poitrine

Inherited from Old French poitrine, peitrine, from Vulgar Latin *pectorīna, derived from Latin pectus. Gradually replaced pis, now meaning udder. Cognate with Spanish pretina (“waistband”).

inh+

bomber la poitrine

Il a la poitrine velue.

une poitrine de veau

une poitrine de mouton

Du bœuf dans la poitrine.


squelette

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: اسكلت (iskelet)
Turkish: iskelet

→ Persian: اسکلت (eskelet)

→ Romanian: schelet

From Middle French scelette, a learned borrowing from Latin sceletus, from Ancient Greek σκελετός (skeletós, “dried up, withered, dried body, parched, mummy”).


cache-sexe

From cacher (“to hide”) + sexe (“genital organ(s)”).


seoir

seoir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
séant (gerund participle present)
seyant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sis (participle past)
sieds (first-person indicative present singular)
sieds (indicative present second-person singular)
sied (indicative present singular third-person)
seyons (first-person indicative plural present)
seyez (indicative plural present second-person)
siéent (indicative plural present third-person)
seyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
seyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
seyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
seyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
seyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
seyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
siérai (first-person future indicative singular)
siéras (future indicative second-person singular)
siéra (future indicative singular third-person)
siérons (first-person future indicative plural)
siérez (future indicative plural second-person)
siéront (future indicative plural third-person)
siérais (conditional first-person singular)
siérais (conditional second-person singular)
siérait (conditional singular third-person)
siérions (conditional first-person plural)
siériez (conditional plural second-person)
siéraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
siée (first-person present singular subjunctive)
siées (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siée (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siéent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sieds (imperative second-person singular)
seyons (first-person imperative plural)
seyez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French seoir, from Old French seoir, from earlier sedeir, from Latin sedēre, from Proto-Italic *sedēō, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-.


pente

→ Romanian: pantă

From Vulgar Latin *pendita, nominalized feminine of *penditus, Vulgar Latin perfect participle (compare Classical Latin pēnsus) of pendere (“to hang”).


enchanté

fr-adj

enchanté (feminine enchantée, masculine plural enchantés, feminine plural enchantées)

enchantée (feminine)
enchantés (masculine plural)
enchantées (feminine plural)


poivre

Inherited from Old French peivre, peivere, from Latin piper.


avoine

From Old French aveine, from Latin avēna (“oats”).


voie

Inherited from Old French voie, veie, inherited from Latin via. Doublet of via. Unrelated to voir and voirie, despite influencing the latter.


doigt

Haitian Creole: dwèt

Inherited from Middle French doigt, doit, from Old French doit, doi, from Latin digitus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deyǵ- (“to show, point out, pronounce solemnly”). The -g- was added to the spelling in Middle French after the Latin form and in order to distinguish from the verb form doit.

der

Je vais me tremper les doigts de pied.

deux doigts de whiskey


poing

Inherited from Middle French poing (“fist”), from Old French poing (“hand”), from Latin pugnus, from Proto-Italic *pugnos, from Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos, *puḱnos, from *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”).


allumé

fr-adj

allumé (feminine allumée, masculine plural allumés, feminine plural allumées)

allumée (feminine)
allumés (masculine plural)
allumées (feminine plural)

3. Dauphiné. — D’azur au dauphin d’or, crêté, barbé et allumé de gueules. (Il faudrait d’or au dauphin d’azur.) […] 4. Dauphiné-Faucigny. — D’or au dauphin d’azur, crêté, barbé et allumé de gueules, portant suspendu à son col un petit écu de Faucigny, […]

1893, Réunion des sociétés savantes des départements à la Sorbonne: 1877 - 1880, page 764:

(heraldry) with its eyes bright (and a specified color)


distrait

distrait (feminine distraite, masculine plural distraits, feminine plural distraites)

distraite (feminine)
distraits (masculine plural)
distraites (feminine plural)

From Old French destrait, past participle of destraire (modern distraire), from Latin distrahō (“to distract”).


prandial

prandial (feminine prandiale, masculine plural prandiaux, feminine plural prandiales)

prandiale (feminine)
prandiaux (masculine plural)
prandiales (feminine plural)

Romanian: prandial

Borrowed from Late Latin prandiālis or Latin prandium.


bébé

→ Finnish: bébé

→ Portuguese: bebé, bebê (Brazil)

→ Romanian: bebe

→ Spanish: bebé

Nickname given to Nicolas Ferry, renowned throughout Europe as the court dwarf of the Polish King Stanisław Leszczyński. Possibly derived from bab- (babiller, babine) rather than adapted from English baby, although this may have contributed to the diffusion of the word.

Cependant la princesse de Luxembourg nous avait tendu la main et, de temps en temps, tout en causant avec la marquise, elle se détournait pour poser de doux regards sur ma grand’mère et sur moi, avec cet embryon de baiser qu’on ajoute au sourire quand celui-ci s’adresse à un bébé avec sa nounou.

1919, Marcel Proust, À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleur:

Meanwhile the Princesse de Luxembourg had offered us her hand and from time to time, while she chatted to the Marquise, turned to bestow a kindly glance on my grandmother and myself, with that embryonic kiss which we put into our smiles when they are addressed to a baby out with its “Nana.”.


Brazzaville

Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza
fr:Brazzaville

From Brazza + ville (“city”). Named after Italian-French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (1852–1905), who officially founded the settlement in 1880 [from 1880].

named-after

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

(metonymically, politics) The government of the Republic of the Congo.


Aquitaine

→ English: Aquitaine

Borrowed from Latin Aquitania. Doublet of the inherited Guyenne and Guienne, from Old French Aguyenne.

Gallia Aquitanica
Gallia Aquitanica#English

Gallia Aquitanica (a province of the Roman Empire)


Lorraine

Inherited from Old French Loherraine, from Medieval Latin Lotharingia, Lothringia; compare Lothringia, German Lothringen.


Limousin

fr-noun

Limousin m (plural Limousins, feminine Limousine)

Originally an adjective referring to the city Limoges, from Latin Lemovicīnus, adjective form of Lemovicēs, name of a Gaulish tribe in central France, most likely a reference to their elm bows and spears.


saponification

saponification f (plural saponifications)


Diane

→ English: Diane
→ Portuguese: Daiane


ascendant

PIE word
 *h₂éd
From Old French ascendant, borrowed from Latin ascendentem, the accusative singular of ascendēns (“ascending, rising”), the present participle of ascendō, adscendō (“to climb up, go up, move upwards; to rise; to spring up”), from ad- (prefix meaning ‘(up) to’) + scandō (“to ascend, climb, mount; to clamber”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to climb, scale; to dart; to jump; to scan (poetry)”)).

inh

(genealogy) ancestor, forefather, progenitor


chapitre

Inherited from Old French chapitre, from Late Latin capitulum (“little head”), diminutive of Latin caput (“head”) (whence French chef). It was likely a semi-learned term, as it did not undergo all the normal sound changes from Latin. Doublet of capitule and capitoul.


charnière

→ Catalan: xarnera

→ Dutch: scharnier

→ German: Scharnier

→ Italian: cerniera

→ Piedmontese: sarnera

→ Portuguese: charneira

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cardināria, from Classical Latin cardinem. Unrelated to French charnier.


cercueil

Haitian Creole: sèkey

Esperanto: ĉerko

Alteration of Old French sarqueu, sarcou, from Latin sarcophagus. Doublet of sarcophage.

Dans son testament, il a demandé que son cercueil reste fermé pendant son enterrement.

In his will, he asked that his casket stay closed during his funeral.


chasser

chasser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
chassant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
chassé (participle past)
chasse (first-person indicative present singular)
chasses (indicative present second-person singular)
chasse (indicative present singular third-person)
chassons (first-person indicative plural present)
chassez (indicative plural present second-person)
chassent (indicative plural present third-person)
chassais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chassais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chassait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chassions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chassiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chassaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chassai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
chassas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
chassa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
chassâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
chassâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
chassèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
chasserai (first-person future indicative singular)
chasseras (future indicative second-person singular)
chassera (future indicative singular third-person)
chasserons (first-person future indicative plural)
chasserez (future indicative plural second-person)
chasseront (future indicative plural third-person)
chasserais (conditional first-person singular)
chasserais (conditional second-person singular)
chasserait (conditional singular third-person)
chasserions (conditional first-person plural)
chasseriez (conditional plural second-person)
chasseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
chasse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
chasses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
chasse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chassions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chassiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chassent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chassasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
chassasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
chassât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
chassassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chassassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chassassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
chasse (imperative second-person singular)
chassons (first-person imperative plural)
chassez (imperative plural second-person)

→ German: schassen

Inherited from Old French chacier, from Vulgar Latin *captiāre, from Latin captus.


bou

From Hokkien 武夷 (Bú-î). Compare English bohea.


aigle

Inherited from Middle French aigle, from Old French aigle, itself either borrowed from Old Occitan aigla or taken from Latin aquila, though not as a popular term. Cf. the Old French and regional form aille, which may be popularly inherited.
* Cognate with Italian aquila, Portuguese águia, Spanish águila. Doublet of eagle.

(heraldry) a representation an eagle; the eagle as a heraldic symbol


poumon

Inherited from Old French poumon, pulmun, inherited from Latin pulmōnem (“lung”), from Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō.


femme fatale

→ Danish: femme fatale

→ English: femme fatale

→ Polish: femme fatale


arête

Inherited from Old French areste, from Latin arista.

(botany) beard (of rye, barley etc.); awn


stal

(communism, derogatory) A Stalinist, a Marxist-Leninist.

(by extension, communism, derogatory) A communist regardless of their ideology.

(by extension, politics, derogatory) A far-left person.


stal

(communism, derogatory) Stalinist, Marxist-Leninist.

(by extension, communism, derogatory) Communist.

(by extension, politics, derogatory) Far-left


arène

→ Romanian: arenă

→ Turkish: arena


lecteur

fr-noun

lecteur m (plural lecteurs, feminine lectrice)


président

président m (plural présidents, feminine présidente)

présidents (plural)
présidente (feminine)

desctree

→ German: Präsident
→ Polish: prezydent
→ Kashubian: prezydent
→ Silesian: prezydynt

→ Romanian: prezident

→ Russian: президент (prezident), президе́нтъ (prezidént) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Azerbaijani: prezident
→ Kazakh: президент (prezident)
→ Kildin Sami: президент (prjezidjent)
→ Tuvan: президент (prezident)
→ Turkmen: prezident
→ Uzbek: prezident

Learned borrowing from Latin praesidentem.

lbor

Voici le nouveau président de l’association.

This is the new president of the association.


calcul

→ German: Kalkül
→ Czech: kalkul

→ Romanian: calcul

→ Swedish: kalkyl

calcul biliaire

calcul rénal

(medicine) calculus, stone (stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ)

calcul différentiel

calcul intégral


Joséphine

→ Albanian: Jozefinë

→ Czech: Josefína

→ Danish: Josefine

→ Dutch: Josefien, Josephine, Jozefien

→ English: Josephine

→ Finnish: Josefiina

→ German: Josefine, Josephine

→ Norwegian: Josefine

→ Polish: Józefina

→ Portuguese: Josefina

→ Serbo-Croatian: Jozefina

→ Slovak: Jozefína

→ Spanish: Josefina

→ Swedish: Josefin, Josefina, Josefine

a diminutive of the female given name Josèphe, from Hebrew


époux

Inherited from Old French espos, espus, from Latin spōnsus, whose meaning was "promised, engaged"; displaced in that sense by fiancé.


juste

Inherited from Old French juste, in this form probably borrowed from Latin iūstus, jūstus, from Proto-Italic *jowestos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-. The Old French form just may have been inherited, however, and perhaps later modified based on the Latin.

quinte juste

quarte juste


frapper

frapper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
frappant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
frappé (participle past)
frappe (first-person indicative present singular)
frappes (indicative present second-person singular)
frappe (indicative present singular third-person)
frappons (first-person indicative plural present)
frappez (indicative plural present second-person)
frappent (indicative plural present third-person)
frappais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
frappais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
frappait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
frappions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
frappiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
frappaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
frappai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
frappas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
frappa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
frappâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
frappâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
frappèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
frapperai (first-person future indicative singular)
frapperas (future indicative second-person singular)
frappera (future indicative singular third-person)
frapperons (first-person future indicative plural)
frapperez (future indicative plural second-person)
frapperont (future indicative plural third-person)
frapperais (conditional first-person singular)
frapperais (conditional second-person singular)
frapperait (conditional singular third-person)
frapperions (conditional first-person plural)
frapperiez (conditional plural second-person)
frapperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
frappe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
frappes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
frappe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
frappions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
frappiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
frappent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
frappasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
frappasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
frappât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
frappassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
frappassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
frappassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
frappe (imperative second-person singular)
frappons (first-person imperative plural)
frappez (imperative plural second-person)

→ German: frappieren

→ Polish: frapować

Inherited from Middle French frapper, from Old French fraper, frapper (“to deliver a blow to someone, hit, strike”), from Frankish *hrapōn (“to snatch, scuffle”), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną, *hrapjaną (“to touch, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krep-, *(s)kreb- (“to scratch, engrave”). Cognate with Old High German hraffōn (“to take over, seize”) (whence German raffen (“to gather up, heap”)), Old English hreppan (“to touch, treat”), Old Norse hrappa (“to handle roughly”), North Frisian rippe (“to move, stir”).
For the Romance substitution of [fr] for Germanic [xr] compare also freux, froc, frimas, etc.


aiguille

Inherited from Old French aguille, from Late Latin acūcula, diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”). Perhaps influenced phonetically by aiguiser. Compare Occitan agulha.

aiguille à tricoter

de fil en aiguille

chercher une aiguille dans une botte de foin

talon aiguille


penser

penser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pensant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
pensé (participle past)
pense (first-person indicative present singular)
pɑ̃s (first-person indicative present singular)
penses (indicative present second-person singular)
pense (indicative present singular third-person)
pensons (first-person indicative plural present)
pensez (indicative plural present second-person)
pensent (indicative plural present third-person)
pensais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pensais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pensait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pensions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pensiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pensaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pensai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pensas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pensa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pensâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pensâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pensèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
penserai (first-person future indicative singular)
penseras (future indicative second-person singular)
pensera (future indicative singular third-person)
penserons (first-person future indicative plural)
penserez (future indicative plural second-person)
penseront (future indicative plural third-person)
penserais (conditional first-person singular)
penserais (conditional second-person singular)
penserait (conditional singular third-person)
penserions (conditional first-person plural)
penseriez (conditional plural second-person)
penseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
pense (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pɑ̃s (first-person present singular subjunctive)
penses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pense (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pensions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pensiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pensent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pensasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pensasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pensât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pensassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pensassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pensassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pense (imperative second-person singular)
pensons (first-person imperative plural)
pensez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French penser, from Old French penser, from Latin pēnsāre, whence also the doublet peser, as well as panser, originally an alternative spelling which acquired a special sense.

soi penser quelque chose

(transitive, reflexive, obsolete) to reflect on something


échec

Inherited from Old French eschec, from Medieval Latin scaccus, from Arabic شَاه (šāh, “king or check at chess, shah”), from Classical Persian شاه (šāh, “king”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /šāh/), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/, “king”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšáyati (“he rules, he has power over”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to receive”). See also French mat.


échelle

Inherited from Old French eschale, inherited from Latin scāla. Doublet of escale.


épi

Inherited from Old French espi, from Latin spīcum, one of the variants of spīca. Doublet of aspic.

shelf or storage unit with storage areas on both sides, placed in the middle of a room, notably found in libraries

(Louisiana, Cajun, in the plural) vegetables


étain

fr-noun

étain m (usually uncountable, plural étains)

Inherited from Middle French estain, from Old French estain, from Latin stannum, stagnum, of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *stagnos.


étau

From Middle French estau, estot (“vise”, 16th c.). Probably from Old French estoc (“trunk”), from Frankish *stokk; compare German Schraubstock. If so, a doublet of estoc. Alternatively, a doublet of étal instead, but the Middle French form in -ot makes this appear less likely, particularly as the same spelling also occurs for estoc in other senses.

vise, vice (instrument consisting of two jaws for holding work)


étude

→ Danish: etude

→ Dutch: etude

→ English: etude

→ Polish: etiuda

desctree

→ Russian: этю́д (etjúd), этю́дъ (etjúd) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Kazakh: этюд (étüd)
→ Uzbek: etyud

→ Turkish: etüt

From Old French estude, borrowed from Latin studium.

(art) study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject)

(music) etude (short piece of music for special practice)

study (room in a house intended for reading and writing)

(law) office of a notary, solicitor, etc.


étrier

→ English: étrier

→ Romanian: etrier

Inherited from Middle French estrier, from Old French estrief, estreu (“a ring hanging on each side of the saddle supporting a rider's foot”), from Frankish *streup (“buckle, stirrup”), perhaps for Frankish *stigareip (“stirrup”). Compare Old High German stegareif (“stirrup”), Middle Dutch stegerep (“stirrup”), Old English stīrāp, stiġrāp (“stirrup”), Old Norse stigreip (“stirrup”). See also étrivière. More at stirrup.


Mademoiselle

fr-noun

Mademoiselle f (plural Mesdemoiselles or Mademoiselles)

Mesdemoiselles (plural)
Mademoiselles (plural)

Alternative letter-case form of mademoiselle


près

From Old French pres (“closely”), from Vulgar Latin *pressō, from Latin pressus (“concise”), from premō (“to press, push, condense”). Cognate with Italian presso and Sicilian pressu.

un expert près les tribunaux

les procureurs près les tribunaux

l’ambassade de France près le Saint-Siège

l’ambassadeur près le Saint-Siège

(formal or law) attached to, connects a person or an organisation delegated officially to a setting.


répondre

répondre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
répondant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
répondu (participle past)
réponds (first-person indicative present singular)
réponds (indicative present second-person singular)
répond (indicative present singular third-person)
répondons (first-person indicative plural present)
répondez (indicative plural present second-person)
répondent (indicative plural present third-person)
répondais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
répondais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
répondait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
répondions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
répondiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
répondaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
répondis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
répondis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
répondit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
répondîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
répondîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
répondirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
répondrai (first-person future indicative singular)
répondras (future indicative second-person singular)
répondra (future indicative singular third-person)
répondrons (first-person future indicative plural)
répondrez (future indicative plural second-person)
répondront (future indicative plural third-person)
répondrais (conditional first-person singular)
répondrais (conditional second-person singular)
répondrait (conditional singular third-person)
répondrions (conditional first-person plural)
répondriez (conditional plural second-person)
répondraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
réponde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
répondes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
réponde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
répondions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
répondiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
répondent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
répondisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
répondisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
répondît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
répondissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
répondissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
répondissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
réponds (imperative second-person singular)
répondons (first-person imperative plural)
répondez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French respondre, from Old French respondre, from Late Latin respondere, from Latin respondēre.

répondre de ses actes


streaming

Unadapted borrowing from English streaming.

ubor

(computing) streaming (the transmission of digital audio or video, or the reception or playback of such data without first storing it)


escalope

→ Catalan: escalopa

→ English: escalope


coryphée

→ Dutch: coryfee

→ English: coryphée

→ Romanian: corifeu

→ Swedish: koryfé

Borrowed from Latin coryphaeus, from Ancient Greek κορυφαῖος (koruphaîos, “leader of the chorus in an Ancient Greek drama”), from κορῠφή (korŭphḗ, “top of the head, crown”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”)) + -ῐος (-ĭos, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘belonging to, relating to’).

der

(Ancient Greece) leader of the ancient Greek chorus, coryphaeus


lâcher

lâcher (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
lâchant (gerund participle present)
lâchant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
lâché (participle past)
lâché (participle past)
lâche (first-person indicative present singular)
lâche (first-person indicative present singular)
lâches (indicative present second-person singular)
lâches (indicative present second-person singular)
lâche (indicative present singular third-person)
lâche (indicative present singular third-person)
lâchons (first-person indicative plural present)
lâchons (first-person indicative plural present)
lâchez (indicative plural present second-person)
lâchez (indicative plural present second-person)
lâchent (indicative plural present third-person)
lâchent (indicative plural present third-person)
lâchais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lâchais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lâchais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lâchais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lâchait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lâchait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lâchions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lâchions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lâchiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lâchiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lâchaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lâchaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lâchai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lâchai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lâchas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lâchas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lâcha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lâcha (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lâchâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
lâchâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
lâchâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lâchâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lâchèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lâchèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lâcherai (first-person future indicative singular)
lâcherai (first-person future indicative singular)
lâcheras (future indicative second-person singular)
lâcheras (future indicative second-person singular)
lâchera (future indicative singular third-person)
lâchera (future indicative singular third-person)
lâcherons (first-person future indicative plural)
lâcherons (first-person future indicative plural)
lâcherez (future indicative plural second-person)
lâcherez (future indicative plural second-person)
lâcheront (future indicative plural third-person)
lâcheront (future indicative plural third-person)
lâcherais (conditional first-person singular)
lâcherais (conditional first-person singular)
lâcherais (conditional second-person singular)
lâcherais (conditional second-person singular)
lâcherait (conditional singular third-person)
lâcherait (conditional singular third-person)
lâcherions (conditional first-person plural)
lâcherions (conditional first-person plural)
lâcheriez (conditional plural second-person)
lâcheriez (conditional plural second-person)
lâcheraient (conditional plural third-person)
lâcheraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
lâche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lâche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lâches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lâches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lâche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lâche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lâchions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lâchions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lâchiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lâchiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lâchent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lâchent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lâchasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lâchasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lâchasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lâchasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lâchât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lâchât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lâchassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lâchassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lâchassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lâchassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lâchassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lâchassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lâche (imperative second-person singular)
lâche (imperative second-person singular)
lâchons (first-person imperative plural)
lâchons (first-person imperative plural)
lâchez (imperative plural second-person)
lâchez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French lascher, from Old French laschier, from Vulgar Latin *lassicāre < *laxicāre, frequentative of Latin laxāre (whence French laisser).


Européen

fr-noun

Européen m (plural Européens, feminine Européenne)

Européens (plural)
Européenne (feminine)


diopside

From Ancient Greek δίοψις (díopsis, “transparency”) + -ide.


glouton

fr-adj

glouton (feminine gloutonne, masculine plural gloutons, feminine plural gloutonnes)

gloutonne (feminine)
gloutons (masculine plural)
gloutonnes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French glouton, from Late Latin gluttōnem.

Cet enfant a toujours été glouton.

Le loup est un animal glouton.

(of a man or animal) gluttonous; devouring or engulfing one's food greedily

Avec de prodigieuse vitesse de réaction, certaines enzymes sont gloutonnes en substrat.

With an extaordianry reaction rate, certain enzymes are gluttonous of their substrate.

(figuratively) gluttonous; having a great greed toward something


glouton

fr-noun

glouton m (plural gloutons, feminine gloutonne)

Le glouton est un animal solitaire.

glutton or wolverine, a mammalian carnivore of the Arctic regions resembling a small bear with a hairy tail

Ce glouton se jette sur son assiette.

This glutton throws himself onto his plate.

glutton; a person or animal who eats his food greedily


sorcière

sorcière f (plural sorcières, masculine sorcier)


abattre

abattre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
abattant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abattu (participle past)
abats (first-person indicative present singular)
abats (indicative present second-person singular)
abat (indicative present singular third-person)
abattons (first-person indicative plural present)
abattez (indicative plural present second-person)
abattent (indicative plural present third-person)
abattais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abattais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abattait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abattions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abattiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abattaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abattis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abattis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abattit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abattîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abattîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abattirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abattrai (first-person future indicative singular)
abattras (future indicative second-person singular)
abattra (future indicative singular third-person)
abattrons (first-person future indicative plural)
abattrez (future indicative plural second-person)
abattront (future indicative plural third-person)
abattrais (conditional first-person singular)
abattrais (conditional second-person singular)
abattrait (conditional singular third-person)
abattrions (conditional first-person plural)
abattriez (conditional plural second-person)
abattraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
abatte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abattes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abatte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abattions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abattiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abattent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abattisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abattisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abattît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abattissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abattissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abattissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abats (imperative second-person singular)
abattons (first-person imperative plural)
abattez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French abbatre, from Old French abatre, from Late Latin abbattere, from Latin battere.


carvi

Inherited from Old French carvi, borrowed from Medieval Latin carvi, from Arabic كَرَاوِيَا (karāwiyā). Doublet of chervis.


percale

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: پركال (perkal)
Turkish: perkal

→ Spanish: percal

Borrowed from an Indian language (possibly Tamil), originally from Classical Persian پرگاله (pargāla, “a patch, a percale”).


SNCF

(rail transport) Initialism of Société nationale des chemins de fer français (the national railway company of France)


clé

→ Vietnamese: cờ-lê

Inherited from Middle French clef, from Old French clef, from Latin clāvis, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w-. According to Bescherelle, the spelling clé had replaced clef by 1845.

(heraldry) key; the device as shown on a coat of arms


Marion

→ Danish: Marion

→ German: Marion

→ Norwegian: Marion

→ Swedish: Marion


épier

Inherited from Middle French espier, from Old French espier, from Vulgar Latin *spiāre (compare Italian spiare; Spanish, Portuguese, and Catalan espiar), from Frankish *spehōn, from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to spy”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”). Cognate with Middle Dutch spien (“to spy”), German spähen (“to peek, peer, spy”).

Par les fenêtres entre-bâillées, j’épie les rez-de-chaussée. Je vois des plantes vertes qui viennent d’être arrosées, des douilles d’obus rutilantes et des lames de parquet étroites, cirées, qui font des zigzags.

1924, Emmanuel Bove, Mes Amis, archived from the original on 2019-05-27:

(transitive) (espionage) to spy on, keep an eye on, watch


épier

épier (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
épiant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
épié (participle past)
épie (first-person indicative present singular)
épies (indicative present second-person singular)
épie (indicative present singular third-person)
épions (first-person indicative plural present)
épiez (indicative plural present second-person)
épient (indicative plural present third-person)
épiais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
épiais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
épiait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
épiions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
épiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
épiaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
épiai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
épias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
épia (historic indicative past singular third-person)
épiâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
épiâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
épièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
épierai (first-person future indicative singular)
épieras (future indicative second-person singular)
épiera (future indicative singular third-person)
épierons (first-person future indicative plural)
épierez (future indicative plural second-person)
épieront (future indicative plural third-person)
épierais (conditional first-person singular)
épierais (conditional second-person singular)
épierait (conditional singular third-person)
épierions (conditional first-person plural)
épieriez (conditional plural second-person)
épieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
épie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
épies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
épie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
épiions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
épiiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
épient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
épiasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
épiasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
épiât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
épiassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
épiassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
épiassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
épie (imperative second-person singular)
épions (first-person imperative plural)
épiez (imperative plural second-person)


enculé

fr-noun

enculé m (plural enculés, feminine enculée)

(LGBTQ) bottom (man with a preference for being penetrated during homosexual intercourse)


branler

branler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
branlant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
branlé (participle past)
branle (first-person indicative present singular)
branles (indicative present second-person singular)
branle (indicative present singular third-person)
branlons (first-person indicative plural present)
branlez (indicative plural present second-person)
branlent (indicative plural present third-person)
branlais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
branlais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
branlait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
branlions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
branliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
branlaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
branlai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
branlas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
branla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
branlâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
branlâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
branlèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
branlerai (first-person future indicative singular)
branleras (future indicative second-person singular)
branlera (future indicative singular third-person)
branlerons (first-person future indicative plural)
branlerez (future indicative plural second-person)
branleront (future indicative plural third-person)
branlerais (conditional first-person singular)
branlerais (conditional second-person singular)
branlerait (conditional singular third-person)
branlerions (conditional first-person plural)
branleriez (conditional plural second-person)
branleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
branle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
branles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
branle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
branlions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
branliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
branlent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
branlasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
branlasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
branlât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
branlassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
branlassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
branlassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
branle (imperative second-person singular)
branlons (first-person imperative plural)
branlez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French bransler, from Old French bransler (“to shake (a sword at), move”), a contracted form of brandeler (“to wobble”), from Vulgar Latin *brandus (“firebrand, flaming sword, sword”), ultimately from Frankish *brand (“sword”), from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“burning, flash, firebrand, flaming sword”). Compare brandish.
The supposed intermediary form, Late Latin *brandulare, also from Proto-West Germanic *brand (“sword”), is unlikely given that the suffix -ulāre had already fallen into disuse (i.e. was no longer productive) at the time of borrowing.

der

Samedi je vais me branler toute la journée.

(reflexive, vulgar, se branler) to masturbate


cotillon

English: cotillon, cotillion

From cotte (“dress”) + -illon (“diminutive”) + (alt. -ille + -on).


grésiller

grésiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
grésillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
grésillé (participle past)
grésille (first-person indicative present singular)
grésilles (indicative present second-person singular)
grésille (indicative present singular third-person)
grésillons (first-person indicative plural present)
grésillez (indicative plural present second-person)
grésillent (indicative plural present third-person)
grésillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
grésillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
grésillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
grésillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
grésilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
grésillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
grésillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
grésillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
grésilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
grésillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
grésillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
grésillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
grésillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
grésilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
grésillera (future indicative singular third-person)
grésillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
grésillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
grésilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
grésillerais (conditional first-person singular)
grésillerais (conditional second-person singular)
grésillerait (conditional singular third-person)
grésillerions (conditional first-person plural)
grésilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
grésilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
grésille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
grésilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
grésille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grésillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
grésilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
grésillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
grésillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
grésillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
grésillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
grésillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
grésillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
grésillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
grésille (imperative second-person singular)
grésillons (first-person imperative plural)
grésillez (imperative plural second-person)

(intransitive, impersonal, weather) to sleet


jeton

→ Catalan: getó

→ English: jeton

→ Hebrew: ז'יטון (jiton)

→ Italian: gettone

→ Louisiana Creole: jetnée

→ Persian: ژتون (žeton)

→ Polish: żeton

→ Romanian: jeton

→ Russian: жетон (žeton)

→ Swedish: jetong

→ Turkish: jeton


clin

Inherited from Middle French clinc, from Middle Dutch klinken.


amoroso

From Italian amoroso. Doublet of amoureux.


Audrey

a female given name from English, popular in the 1980s

(very rare) a male given name from English

(very rare) a unisex given name from English


mucopolysaccharide

fr-noun

mucopolysaccharide m (plural mucopolysaccharides)


chèvre

→ English: chèvre


vandoise

Borrowed from Gaulish *wind-ēsyā, from Proto-Celtic *windos (“white”) + a nominal suffix -ēsyā.


Amand

Borrowed from Latin Amandus, name of early Christian saints, from amandus (“lovable”).

a male given name, feminine equivalent Amanda or Amandine


Apollonia

Borrowed from Latin Apollōnia, from Ancient Greek Ἀπολλωνία (Apollōnía).

Apollonia Poilâne, b. 1984


Augustine

a female given name, masculine equivalent Augustin


slicer

slicer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sliçant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
slicé (participle past)
slice (first-person indicative present singular)
slices (indicative present second-person singular)
slice (indicative present singular third-person)
sliçons (first-person indicative plural present)
slicez (indicative plural present second-person)
slicent (indicative plural present third-person)
sliçais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sliçais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sliçait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
slicions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sliciez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sliçaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sliçai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sliças (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sliça (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sliçâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sliçâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
slicèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
slicerai (first-person future indicative singular)
sliceras (future indicative second-person singular)
slicera (future indicative singular third-person)
slicerons (first-person future indicative plural)
slicerez (future indicative plural second-person)
sliceront (future indicative plural third-person)
slicerais (conditional first-person singular)
slicerais (conditional second-person singular)
slicerait (conditional singular third-person)
slicerions (conditional first-person plural)
sliceriez (conditional plural second-person)
sliceraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
slice (first-person present singular subjunctive)
slices (present second-person singular subjunctive)
slice (present singular subjunctive third-person)
slicions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sliciez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
slicent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sliçasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sliçasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sliçât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sliçassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sliçassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sliçassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
slice (imperative second-person singular)
sliçons (first-person imperative plural)
slicez (imperative plural second-person)


fièvre

Inherited from Middle French fievre, from Old French fievre, from Latin febris.


noblesse oblige

Literally, “nobility obliges”. See noblesse and obliger.

noble or more generally high-ranked people have honourable obligations towards lower-ranked or less fortunate ones, and should behave nobly towards them


noblesse

From Old French, see noble + -esse.
* Cognate with Catalan noblesa, Portuguese nobreza, Spanish nobleza


hameçon

Inherited from Old French ameçon, a derivative of Old French aim, from Latin hāmus (“hook”).


minauder

minauder (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
minaudant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
minaudé (participle past)
minaude (first-person indicative present singular)
minaudes (indicative present second-person singular)
minaude (indicative present singular third-person)
minaudons (first-person indicative plural present)
minaudez (indicative plural present second-person)
minaudent (indicative plural present third-person)
minaudais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
minaudais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
minaudait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
minaudions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
minaudiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
minaudaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
minaudai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
minaudas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
minauda (historic indicative past singular third-person)
minaudâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
minaudâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
minaudèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
minauderai (first-person future indicative singular)
minauderas (future indicative second-person singular)
minaudera (future indicative singular third-person)
minauderons (first-person future indicative plural)
minauderez (future indicative plural second-person)
minauderont (future indicative plural third-person)
minauderais (conditional first-person singular)
minauderais (conditional second-person singular)
minauderait (conditional singular third-person)
minauderions (conditional first-person plural)
minauderiez (conditional plural second-person)
minauderaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
minaude (first-person present singular subjunctive)
minaudes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
minaude (present singular subjunctive third-person)
minaudions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
minaudiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
minaudent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
minaudasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
minaudasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
minaudât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
minaudassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
minaudassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
minaudassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
minaude (imperative second-person singular)
minaudons (first-person imperative plural)
minaudez (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Norman [Term?], from mine, from Breton min (“beak, muzzle”).


broche

→ Dutch: broche
→ Indonesian: bros

→ German: Brosche

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: بروش (broş)
Turkish: broş

→ Portuguese: broche

→ Romanian: broșă

→ Russian: брошь (brošʹ)
→ Armenian: բրոշ (broš)
→ Georgian: ბროში (broši)

→ Spanish: broche

Inherited from Old French broche, from Vulgar Latin brocca, feminine substantive of Classical Latin broccus (“pointy-toothed or prominent-toothed”), ultimately from Gaulish, compare Old Irish brog (“awl”).

der

poulet à la broche


riposter

riposter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ripostant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
riposté (participle past)
riposte (first-person indicative present singular)
ripostes (indicative present second-person singular)
riposte (indicative present singular third-person)
ripostons (first-person indicative plural present)
ripostez (indicative plural present second-person)
ripostent (indicative plural present third-person)
ripostais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ripostais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ripostait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ripostions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ripostiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ripostaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ripostai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ripostas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
riposta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ripostâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ripostâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ripostèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
riposterai (first-person future indicative singular)
riposteras (future indicative second-person singular)
ripostera (future indicative singular third-person)
riposterons (first-person future indicative plural)
riposterez (future indicative plural second-person)
riposteront (future indicative plural third-person)
riposterais (conditional first-person singular)
riposterais (conditional second-person singular)
riposterait (conditional singular third-person)
riposterions (conditional first-person plural)
riposteriez (conditional plural second-person)
riposteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
riposte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ripostes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
riposte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ripostions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ripostiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ripostent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ripostasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ripostasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ripostât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ripostassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ripostassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ripostassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
riposte (imperative second-person singular)
ripostons (first-person imperative plural)
ripostez (imperative plural second-person)


cubisme

From cube + -isme. Attributed to French art critic Louis Vauxcelles.


fellatrice

fr-noun

fellatrice f (plural fellatrices, masculine fellateur)

fellatrices (plural)
fellateur (masculine)


tessiture

Borrowed from Italian tessitura. Doublet of texture.

Coordinate term: ambitus

(music) tessitura (the most acceptable and comfortable vocal range for a given singer; the range in which a given type of voice presents its best-sounding timbre)


muet

fr-adj

muet (feminine muette, masculine plural muets, feminine plural muettes)

muette (feminine)
muets (masculine plural)
muettes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French mut, muet, from Old French mu, mut, mui, from Latin mūtus, of Proto-Indo-European origin.

« Le » et « la » deviennent « l’ » devant une voyelle ou un « h » muet.

Le and la become l' before a vowel or a silent "h".


muet

mute (person who does not have the power of speech)


stalactite

Borrowed from New Latin stalactites, from Ancient Greek σταλακτός (stalaktós).


stalagmite

Borrowed from New Latin stalagmites, from Ancient Greek σταλαγμός (stalagmós).


Broadway

the wide road which runs diagonally through Manhattan, New York City.


Constance

a female given name, equivalent to English Constance


peste

Learned borrowing from Latin pestis (“plague; pest”).


ennuyer

ennuyer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ennuyant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
ennuyé (participle past)
ennuie (first-person indicative present singular)
ennuies (indicative present second-person singular)
ennuie (indicative present singular third-person)
ennuyons (first-person indicative plural present)
ennuyez (indicative plural present second-person)
ennuient (indicative plural present third-person)
ennuyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ennuyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ennuyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ennuyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ennuyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ennuyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ennuyai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
ennuyas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
ennuya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
ennuyâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
ennuyâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
ennuyèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
ennuierai (first-person future indicative singular)
ennuieras (future indicative second-person singular)
ennuiera (future indicative singular third-person)
ennuierons (first-person future indicative plural)
ennuierez (future indicative plural second-person)
ennuieront (future indicative plural third-person)
ennuierais (conditional first-person singular)
ennuierais (conditional second-person singular)
ennuierait (conditional singular third-person)
ennuierions (conditional first-person plural)
ennuieriez (conditional plural second-person)
ennuieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ennuie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ennuies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ennuie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ennuyions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ennuyiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ennuient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ennuyasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ennuyasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ennuyât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ennuyassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ennuyassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ennuyassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ennuie (imperative second-person singular)
ennuyons (first-person imperative plural)
ennuyez (imperative plural second-person)
s'ennuyer (infinitive)
s'être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
s’ennuyant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
ennuyé (participle past)
m’ennuie (first-person indicative present singular)
t’ennuies (indicative present second-person singular)
s’ennuie (indicative present singular third-person)
nous ennuyons (first-person indicative plural present)
vous ennuyez (indicative plural present second-person)
s’ennuient (indicative plural present third-person)
m’ennuyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
t’ennuyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
s’ennuyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nous ennuyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vous ennuyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
s’ennuyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
m’ennuyai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
t’ennuyas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
s’ennuya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
nous ennuyâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vous ennuyâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
s’ennuyèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
m’ennuierai (first-person future indicative singular)
t’ennuieras (future indicative second-person singular)
s’ennuiera (future indicative singular third-person)
nous ennuierons (first-person future indicative plural)
vous ennuierez (future indicative plural second-person)
s’ennuieront (future indicative plural third-person)
m’ennuierais (conditional first-person singular)
t’ennuierais (conditional second-person singular)
s’ennuierait (conditional singular third-person)
nous ennuierions (conditional first-person plural)
vous ennuieriez (conditional plural second-person)
s’ennuieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of s'être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of s'être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
m’ennuie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
t’ennuies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
s’ennuie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nous ennuyions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vous ennuyiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
s’ennuient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
m’ennuyasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
t’ennuyasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
s’ennuyât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nous ennuyassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vous ennuyassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
s’ennuyassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ennuie-toi (imperative second-person singular)
ennuyons-nous (first-person imperative plural)
ennuyez-vous (imperative plural second-person)
s'en ennuyer (infinitive)
s'en être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
s’en ennuyant (gerund participle present)
s'en étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
ennuyé (participle past)
m’en ennuie (first-person indicative present singular)
t’en ennuies (indicative present second-person singular)
s’en ennuie (indicative present singular third-person)
nous en ennuyons (first-person indicative plural present)
vous en ennuyez (indicative plural present second-person)
s’en ennuient (indicative plural present third-person)
m’en ennuyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
t’en ennuyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
s’en ennuyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nous en ennuyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vous en ennuyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
s’en ennuyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
m’en ennuyai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
t’en ennuyas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
s’en ennuya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
nous en ennuyâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vous en ennuyâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
s’en ennuyèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
m’en ennuierai (first-person future indicative singular)
t’en ennuieras (future indicative second-person singular)
s’en ennuiera (future indicative singular third-person)
nous en ennuierons (first-person future indicative plural)
vous en ennuierez (future indicative plural second-person)
s’en ennuieront (future indicative plural third-person)
m’en ennuierais (conditional first-person singular)
t’en ennuierais (conditional second-person singular)
s’en ennuierait (conditional singular third-person)
nous en ennuierions (conditional first-person plural)
vous en ennuieriez (conditional plural second-person)
s’en ennuieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of s'en être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
m’en ennuie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
t’en ennuies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
s’en ennuie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nous en ennuyions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vous en ennuyiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
s’en ennuient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
m’en ennuyasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
t’en ennuyasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
s’en ennuyât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nous en ennuyassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vous en ennuyassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
s’en ennuyassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ennuie-t’en (imperative second-person singular)
ennuyons-nous-en (first-person imperative plural)
ennuyez-vous-en (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French enoiier, from Late Latin inodiāre.

J’espère que je ne vous ai pas ennuyé.


arbitrage

→ Dutch: arbitrage

→ English: arbitrage

→ Polish: arbitraż

→ Romanian: arbitraj

desctree

→ Russian: арбитра́ж (arbitráž)
→ Mongolian: арбитраж (arbitraž)

→ Turkish: arbitraj

→ Ukrainian: арбітра́ж (arbitráž)


trèfle

→ German: Treff n

→ Macedonian: треф m (tref)

→ Russian: тре́фа f (tréfa)

→ Russian: тре́фы f (tréfy)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тре̏ф m

Latin script: trȅf m

→ Polish: trefl

→ Vietnamese: nhép, tép

Inherited from Old French tresfle, from Vulgar Latin *trifolum, from Latin trifolium, calque of Ancient Greek τρίφυλλον (tríphullon). Or taken from the Greek itself. Compare Old French trefeuil.


carreau

→ Bulgarian: каро́ (karó)

→ German: Karo n

→ Macedonian: каро n (karo)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̏ро m

Latin script: kȁro m

→ Occitan: carrèu

→ Catalan: carreu

→ Polish: karo n

→ Romanian: carou

→ Turkish: karo

→ Vietnamese: ca-rô

Inherited from Old French quarel, from Vulgar Latin *quadrellus from Classical Latin quadrus. Compare Italian quadrello, Spanish cuadrillo.