prison

Inherited from Old French prison, inherited from Latin prehēnsiōnem, from prehendō. Doublet of préhension.


mordant

(music) mordent (ornament consisting of a single alternation between a given pitch and the one immediately below it)


col

→ Hausa: kwal

Inherited from Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.

(geography) col (dip on a mountain ridge)


TNT

(television) Initialism of television numérique terrestre. — digital OTA (digital over-the-air television)


popote

→ Romanian: popotă

Elle est rentrée chez elle préparer la popote.


style

→ Czech: styl

→ Italian: stile

→ Polish: styl

→ Romanian: stil

→ Serbo-Croatian: stȉl

→ Turkish: stil

Inherited from Middle French stile, from Old French estile, borrowed from Latin stilus.

(art) style; method characteristic of an artist; artistic manner or characteristic by which an artistic movement may be defined


vêtement

Inherited from Old French vestement, from Latin vestīmentum.

SCHWERIN De gueules, au vêtement d’argent. […]

1892, Pierre-Barthélemy Gheusi, Le blason héraldique: manuel nouveau de l'art héraldique de la science du blason et de la polychromie féodale d'après les règles du Moyen Age, page 45:

(heraldry) a set of four triangles covering the corners of the shield, leaving a lozenge of the field (the edges of which reach the edges of the shield) in the middle (compare vêtu)


urbain

fr-adj

urbain (feminine urbaine, masculine plural urbains, feminine plural urbaines)

urbaine (feminine)
urbains (masculine plural)
urbaines (feminine plural)


gangue

A borrowing from German Gang (“way, path, trail, track, course, line, duct”).


chapelle

Antillean Creole: chapèl

→ Turkish: şapel

Inherited from Middle French chapelle, from Old French chapele, from Medieval Latin or Late Latin cappella, diminutive of cappa.


morion

Borrowed from Spanish morrión, from morra (“upper part of the head”), from morro (“muzzle, snout”), from Vulgar Latin *murrum (“muzzle, snout”). Related to moraine (“an amassment of rocks on a glacier”) and morailles (“barnacle, twitch”).


morion

From Latin mormoriōn (“a black variety of quartz”), misread in some manuscripts as mōrion (“nightshade”).


garde des reins

fr-noun

garde des reins f (plural gardes des reins)

1786, To the back-piece of the cuirass for the protection of the loins, was hooked on a piece of armour, called Garde des Reins, or culettes; and the breast-piece was occasionally strengthened by an additional plate called a Plaquet.

Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 21.

garde de rein: armor protecting the loins, hanging from the backpiece of the cuirass


kamikaze

kamikaze m or f by sense (plural kamikazes)

Borrowed from Japanese 神風 (かみかぜ (kamikaze, “suicide flyer”, literally “divine wind”)).

bor+

<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">かみかぜ</i> (kamikaze, “suicide flyer”, literally “divine wind”)

kamikaze (person carrying out a suicide attack); suicide bomber


loyal

fr-adj

loyal (feminine loyale, masculine plural loyaux, feminine plural loyales)

loyale (feminine)
loyaux (masculine plural)
loyales (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French loial (with various alternative forms: leial, leal, loyel) from Latin lēgālis. Equivalent to loi + -al. Doublet of légal.


rumba

Borrowed from Spanish, from rumbo (“route”).


pectoral

Borrowed from Latin pectorālis. Doublet of poitrail.


pectoral

pectoral (feminine pectorale, masculine plural pectoraux, feminine plural pectorales)

pectorale (feminine)
pectoraux (masculine plural)
pectorales (feminine plural)


layer

layer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
layant (gerund participle present)
layant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
layé (participle past)
layé (participle past)
laye (first-person indicative present singular)
laie (first-person indicative present singular)
layes (indicative present second-person singular)
laies (indicative present second-person singular)
laye (indicative present singular third-person)
laie (indicative present singular third-person)
layons (first-person indicative plural present)
layons (first-person indicative plural present)
layez (indicative plural present second-person)
layez (indicative plural present second-person)
layent (indicative plural present third-person)
laient (indicative plural present third-person)
layais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
layais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
layais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
layais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
layait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
layait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
layions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
layiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
layaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
layaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
layai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
layai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
layas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
layas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
laya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
laya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
layâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
layâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
layâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
layâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
layèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
layèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
layerai (first-person future indicative singular)
laierai (first-person future indicative singular)
/lɛj.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/lɛ.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/le.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
layeras (future indicative second-person singular)
laieras (future indicative second-person singular)
/lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/le.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
layera (future indicative singular third-person)
laiera (future indicative singular third-person)
/lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/le.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
layerons (first-person future indicative plural)
laierons (first-person future indicative plural)
/lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/le.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
layerez (future indicative plural second-person)
laierez (future indicative plural second-person)
/lɛj.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/lɛ.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/le.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
layeront (future indicative plural third-person)
laieront (future indicative plural third-person)
/lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/le.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
layerais (conditional first-person singular)
laierais (conditional first-person singular)
/lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/le.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
layerais (conditional second-person singular)
laierais (conditional second-person singular)
/lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/le.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
layerait (conditional singular third-person)
laierait (conditional singular third-person)
/lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/le.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
layerions (conditional first-person plural)
laierions (conditional first-person plural)
/lɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ (conditional first-person plural)
layeriez (conditional plural second-person)
laieriez (conditional plural second-person)
/lɛ.jə.ʁje/ (conditional plural second-person)
layeraient (conditional plural third-person)
laieraient (conditional plural third-person)
/lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/le.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
laye (first-person present singular subjunctive)
laie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
layes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
laies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
laye (present singular subjunctive third-person)
laie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
layions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
layiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
layent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
laient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
layasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
layasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
layasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
layasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
layât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
layât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
layassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
layassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
layassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
layassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
layassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
layassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
laye (imperative second-person singular)
laie (imperative second-person singular)
layons (first-person imperative plural)
layons (first-person imperative plural)
layez (imperative plural second-person)
layez (imperative plural second-person)

(forestry, transitive) to trail a path in a forest


hacker

hacker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
hackant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
hacké (participle past)
hacke (first-person indicative present singular)
hackes (indicative present second-person singular)
hacke (indicative present singular third-person)
hackons (first-person indicative plural present)
hackez (indicative plural present second-person)
hackent (indicative plural present third-person)
hackais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
hackais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
hackait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
hackions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hackiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
hackaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
hackai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
hackas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
hacka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
hackâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
hackâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
hackèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
hackerai (first-person future indicative singular)
hackeras (future indicative second-person singular)
hackera (future indicative singular third-person)
hackerons (first-person future indicative plural)
hackerez (future indicative plural second-person)
hackeront (future indicative plural third-person)
hackerais (conditional first-person singular)
hackerais (conditional second-person singular)
hackerait (conditional singular third-person)
hackerions (conditional first-person plural)
hackeriez (conditional plural second-person)
hackeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
hacke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hackes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hacke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hackions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hackiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hackent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hackasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
hackasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hackât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hackassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
hackassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hackassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hacke (imperative second-person singular)
hackons (first-person imperative plural)
hackez (imperative plural second-person)


année

Inherited from Old French anee. By surface analysis, an + -ée; an (“year”) from Latin annus (“year”). Perhaps alternatively from a Vulgar Latin *annāta, from Latin annāre; compare Italian annata.


Robert

a male given name, feminine equivalent Roberte, equivalent to English Robert


banderole

→ Polish: banderola

(architecture) banderole (flat band with an inscription)


Alexandra

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρα (Alexándra). Feminine form of Alexandre.

bor+

a female given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Alexandra


malle

→ Portuguese: mala

Inherited from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”). Cognate with Old High German malha, malaha (“leather bag”), Middle Dutch male (“trunk, travel bag”). More at mail.

der

Sors tes habits de la malle et range-les dans l’armoire !

Take your clothes out of the suitcase and put them away in the cupboard!


glaive

Inherited from Old French glaive, from Late Latin glavus; see the entry for English glaive for further information.


lundi

desctree

Saint Dominican Creole French: lindy
Haitian Creole: lendi

Louisiana Creole: lundi, lindi

Mauritian Creole: lindi

Inherited from Old French lundi, from Latin *Lūnae diēs, variant of diēs Lūnae (“day of the moon”).

En avant, la musique des jours de la semaine.
En avant, la musique des jours de la semaine.
Lundi marche devant,
Rantaplan.
Mardi joue de la trompette,
De la trompette.
Mercredi du violon,
Du violon.
Jeudi de l’accordéon,
De l’accordéon.
Vendredi et samedi chantent la chanson de dimanche.
Vendredi et samedi chantent la chanson de dimanche.
En avant, la musique des jours de la semaine.
En avant, la musique des jours de la semaine.

1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:

Onward, the music of the days of the week.
Onward, the music of the days of the week.
Monday marches ahead,
Rantaplan.
Tuesday plays the trumpet,
The trumpet.
Wednesday the violin,
The violin.
Thursday the accordion,
The accordion.
Friday and Saturday sing the song of Sunday.
Friday and Saturday sing the song of Sunday.
Onward, the music of the days of the week.
Onward, the music of the days of the week.

days of the week: jour de la semaine: lundi · mardi · mercredi · jeudi · vendredi · samedi · dimanche [edit]


heureux

fr-adj

heureux (feminine heureuse, masculine plural heureux, feminine plural heureuses)

heureuse (feminine)
heureux (masculine plural)
heureuses (feminine plural)

Louisiana Creole: èrè

From heur (“luck”) + -eux. Compare Occitan aürós.

ils vécurent heureux et eurent beaucoup d’enfants


mourir

mourir (infinitive)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
mourant (gerund participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
mort (participle past)
meurs (first-person indicative present singular)
meurs (indicative present second-person singular)
meurt (indicative present singular third-person)
mourons (first-person indicative plural present)
mourez (indicative plural present second-person)
meurent (indicative plural present third-person)
mourais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mourais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mourait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mourions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mouriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mouraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mourus (first-person historic indicative past singular)
mourus (historic indicative past second-person singular)
mourut (historic indicative past singular third-person)
mourûmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
mourûtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
moururent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
mourrai (first-person future indicative singular)
mourras (future indicative second-person singular)
mourra (future indicative singular third-person)
mourrons (first-person future indicative plural)
mourrez (future indicative plural second-person)
mourront (future indicative plural third-person)
mourrais (conditional first-person singular)
mourrais (conditional second-person singular)
mourrait (conditional singular third-person)
mourrions (conditional first-person plural)
mourriez (conditional plural second-person)
mourraient (conditional plural third-person)
past historic of être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past)
future of être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
meure (first-person present singular subjunctive)
meures (present second-person singular subjunctive)
meure (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mourions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mouriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
meurent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mourusse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mourusses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mourût (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mourussions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mourussiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mourussent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
meurs (imperative second-person singular)
mourons (first-person imperative plural)
mourez (imperative plural second-person)

Haitian Creole: mouri

Louisiana Creole: mouri

Inherited from Middle French mourir, from Old French morir, from Latin morīrī, variant of morī.

Je meurs de faim

(figuratively, with "de") to be dying (of)

Ô nuit désastreuse ! ô nuit effroyable, où retentit tout à coup, comme un éclat de tonnerre, cette étonnante nouvelle : Madame se meurt, Madame est morte !

1649, Jacques Bénigne Bossuet, Oraison funèbre de Henriette-Anne d'Angleterre:

O disastrous night! O terrible night, in which suddenly rings out, like a thunderclap, the shocking news: Madame is dying, Madame is dead!


cil

Inherited from Old French cil, from Latin cilium.


-ose

Borrowed via Latin from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis, “state, abnormal condition, or action”), from -όω (-óō) stem verbs + -σις (-sis).

der

(pathology) -osis, a functional disease or condition


-ose

Borrowed from Latin -osus; doublet of the inherited -eux.

(chemistry) -ose, a saccharide (simple sugar)


expulsion

(sports) sending-off, red card, dismissal


lance

Inherited from Old French lance, from Latin lancea.

(military) a lancer (a soldier armed with a lance)


nasal

fr-adj

nasal (feminine nasale, masculine plural nasaux, feminine plural nasales)

nasale (feminine)
nasaux (masculine plural)
nasales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nāsālis, from Latin nāsus (“nose”).


drôle

Louisiana Creole: drol, dròl

→ English: droll

⇒ Esperanto: drola

Inherited from Middle French drolle (“a merry fellow, pleasant rascal”) from Old French drolle (“one who lives luxuriously”), from Middle Dutch drol (“fat little man, goblin”), itself from Old Norse troll, from Proto-Germanic *truzlą.

der

C’est drôle, mais c’est comme ça...

1882, Guy de Maupassant, Madame Baptiste:

C’était un bien drôle de petit homme que le père Langevin, tailleur et porteur de contraintes au Grand-Fougeray.

1901, Adolphe Orain, Contes de l’Ille-et-Vilaine, page 207:

He was quite an odd little man, that Father Langevin, mason and "porteur de contraintes" in Grand-Fougeray

Tu voulais m’épouser, quelle drôle d’idée, tu n’avais pas 15 ans

1977, “Dix ans plus tôt”, performed by Michel Sardou:

You wanted to marry me, what an odd idea, you were only fifteen

(sometimes with "de") strange, weird, bizarre


fusil

desctree

Saint Dominican Creole French: fisil
Haitian Creole: fizi

→ Louisiana Creole: fizi

→ Catalan: fusell

→ Spanish: fusil

→ Portuguese: fuzil

From Old French fuisil, foisil, from Vulgar Latin *focīlis (petra), from Latin focus. Compare Italian fucile.


glockenspiel

Unadapted borrowing from German Glockenspiel.


si bémol majeur

fr-noun

si bémol majeur m (plural si bémol majeur)


centigrade

→ Persian: سانتیگراد (sântigrâd)


cannabis

Borrowed from Latin cannabis, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κάνναβις (kánnabis). Doublet of chanvre.


principal

principal m (plural principaux, feminine principale)

principaux (plural)
principale (feminine)

(finance) principal (the money originally invested or loaned)


corset

→ Czech: korzet

→ Danish: korset

→ Dutch: korset

→ Esperanto: korseto

→ Finnish: korsetti

→ German: Korsett

→ Greek: κορσές (korsés)

→ Italian: corsetto

→ Japanese: コルセット (korusetto)

→ Norwegian: korsett

→ Portuguese: corset

→ Russian: корсе́т (korsét)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: корзет

Latin script: korzet

→ Spanish: corsé

→ Swedish: korsett

→ Turkish: korse

→ Persian: کرست (korset)


-on

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ον (-on), neuter of -ος (-os), masculine adjective ending.


client

client m (plural clients, feminine cliente)

Coordinate term: patron

État client

(historical, Ancient Rome) client, retainer, follower (person who is under the patronage of someone else)


ignoble

Inherited from Middle French ignoble, borrowed from Latin ignōbilis, from in- (“not”) + gnōbilis, later nōbilis (“noble”).


tendon

→ Romanian: tendon

→? Turkish: tendon


seiche

From Swiss French, of uncertain origin. Possibly from German.


hormone

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, to urge on”), from ὁρμή (hormḗ, “rapid motion forwards, onrush, onset, assault, impulse to do a thing, effort”).


parapet

→ English: parapet

→ Polish: parapet

→ Romanian: parapet

→ Spanish: parapet

Borrowed from Italian parapetto, from parare (“to shield”) + petto (“chest”).


terrain de jeu

fr-noun

terrain de jeu m (plural terrains de jeu)

/tɛ.ʁɛ̃ d(ə) ʒø/

pitch, court (place where a sporting event takes place)


rage

→ German: Rage

Inherited from Middle French rage, from Old French rage, from Late Latin rabia, from Classical Latin rabiēs.

“[…], disoit St. Chrysostôme, […] Un homme en colère se punit le premier, en s’élevant et combattant contre lui-même, et s’enflammant de rage.”

1813, Les Attraits de la Morale, Ou la Vertu Parée de Tous Ses Charmes, et l'Art de rendre Heureux ceux qui nous entourent, page 179:

" […] , Saint Chrysostom says, […] An angered man punishes himself in the first place, rising and fighting against himself, and catching fire from rage."

Les chauves-souris Desmodus Rotundus infectéés naturellement transmettent la rage aux animaux.

1935, Revista da produção animal, Instituto de Biologia Animal, page 47:

The naturally infected bats Desmodus rotundus transmit rabies to animals.


architecture

desctree

→ Dutch: architectuur
Afrikaans: argitektuur
→ Indonesian: arsitektur


sport

Haitian Creole: espò

→ Greek: σπορ (spor)

→ Romanian: sport

→ Turkish: spor

→ Walloon: spôrt


triple

Semi-learned term resulting from a modification, under the influence of the Latin etymology, of Old French treble, itself from Latin triplus.

une triple croche


titre

→ English: titer, titre

→ Romanian: titru

→ Turkish: titr

→ Persian: تیتر (titr)

→ Vietnamese: tít

Inherited from Old French title, a semi-learned term borrowed from Latin titulus.

(finance) share, certificate (document evidencing ownership of stock, debt, commodities, etc.)


loup-garou

fr-noun

loup-garou m (plural loups-garous, feminine louve-garou)

loups-garous (plural)
louve-garou (feminine)

→ English: loup-garou

Inherited from Old French leu garoul, a pleonastic compound of leu (“wolf”) + garoul (“werewolf”); the latter from garulf, from Frankish *werawulf. Equivalent to loup + -garou.


genre

→ Bulgarian: жанр (žanr)

→ Dalmatian: genro

→ Danish: genre

→ Dutch: genre

→ English: genre

→ Finnish: genre

→ Franco-Provençal: janro

→ German: Genre

→ Macedonian: жанр (žanr)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: genre, sjanger

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: genre, sjanger

→ Persian: ژانر (žânr)

desctree

→ Russian: жанр (žanr)
→ Armenian: ժանր (žanr)
→ Estonian: žanr
→ Georgian: ჟანრი (žanri)
→ Kazakh: жанр (janr)
→ Latvian: žanrs
→ Lithuanian: žanras
→ Turkmen: žanr
→ Uyghur: ژانىر (zhanir)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: жа̏нр

Latin script: žȁnr

→ Swedish: genre

→ Ukrainian: жанр (žanr)

From Old French gen(d)re, borrowed from Latin genere. Sense 6 is a semantic loan from English gender.

semantic loan

Les mots français sont du genre masculin ou du genre féminin.

French words are either of masculine or feminine gender.

Huit choses arrivent au Verbe : Le Genre, le Mœuf, le Tems, la Personne, le Nombre, la Conjugaison, la Figure, ou la forme. Il y a cinq Genres de Verbes Personnels: l’Actif, le Passif, le Neutre, le Déponent & le Commun.

1742, Nova elementa seu rudimenta linguae latinae, page 52:

Toute espèce vivante ou ayant vécu est rattachée à un genre, selon la nomenclature binominale introduite par Carl von Linné.
Any living or extinct species has a genus, according to the binomial nomenclature introduced by Carl von Linné.


renard

fr-noun

renard m (plural renards, feminine renarde, diminutive renardeau)

renards (plural)
renarde (feminine)
renardeau (diminutive)

Inherited from Middle French renard, from Old French renart, the name of the fox in the medieval Roman de Renart. A Germanic personal name, from Frankish *Raginahardu, from Proto-Germanic *Raginaharduz, from *raginą (“counsel”) + *harduz (“hard, strong”). Compare German Reinhard, whence Reineke (name of the fox, after the same tale). Displaced goupil (from Latin vulpecula), possibly by way of taboo avoidance.

coudre la peau du renard à celle du lion

Renart le goupil

= German: Reineke Fuchs; English: Reynard the Fox

(nautical) ancient navigation tool: circular, wooden or copper plate, which enables the helmsman to keep a record of wind conditions by inserting pegs at specific positions


triage

(forestry) the smallest unit of forest in the ancien régime


grimoire

→ Catalan: grimori

→ English: grimoire

→ Italian: grimorio

→ Portuguese: grimório

→ Spanish: grimorio

A variant of grammaire, from Old French gramaire (“grammar; grimoire; conjurer, magician”), from Latin grammatica (“grammar; philology”), from grammaticus (“relating to grammar, grammatical”), from Ancient Greek γρᾰμμᾰτῐκός (grămmătĭkós, “knowing one's letters; concerned with textual criticism”), from γράμμα (grámma, “that which is drawn or written; letter; book, writing”) + -ῐκός (-ĭkós, suffix added to noun stems to form adjectives). γράμμα is derived from γρᾰ́φω (grắphō, “to cut into, scratch; to draw, paint; to write”, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to carve”)) + -μᾰ (-mă, suffix added to verbal stems forming neuter nouns denoting the result of, a particular instance of, or the object of an action).

af

ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*gerbʰ-</i> (“to carve”)


Alex

Short form of Alexandre and Alexis or Alexandra, ultimately from Ancient Greek.

a male or female given name, equivalent to English Alex


rampant

fr-adj

rampant (feminine rampante, masculine plural rampants, feminine plural rampantes)

rampante (feminine)
rampants (masculine plural)
rampantes (feminine plural)

(botany) extending over the ground rather than climbing upward

(military) stranded on the ground as opposed to flying staff


obligation

Borrowed from Latin obligātiōnem, from the verb obligō (“tie together”).

Revenus et dépenses d’actions, d’obligations et de cryptomonnaies

(Can we date this quote?), Entreprises Intuit Canada ULC, Logiciel d’impôt en ligne TurboImpôt 2022-2023 | Produire votre déclaration en ligne:

Covers income and expenses from stocks, bonds, and cryptocurrency


hentai

From English hentai, a semantic shift from Japanese 変態(へんたい) (hentai, “pervert”).

hentai (a work of anime or manga—Japanese cartoon art, respectively animated and static—that contains pornography)


pic

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *piccus, from Latin pīcus.


cocktail

Borrowed from English cocktail, which is of unclear origin.


paresseux

fr-noun

paresseux m (plural paresseux, feminine paresseuse)

paresseux (plural)
paresseuse (feminine)

From paresse + -eux. Compare Spanish perezoso.


voix

Inherited from Middle French voix, from Old French voiz, from Latin vōcem, accusative of vōx (“voice”), from Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs.


aspect

Borrowed from Latin aspectus. The grammatical sense is a semantic loan from Russian вид (vid).

(grammar) aspect (grammatical quality of a verb)


compiler

compiler (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
compilant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
compilé (participle past)
compile (first-person indicative present singular)
compiles (indicative present second-person singular)
compile (indicative present singular third-person)
compilons (first-person indicative plural present)
compilez (indicative plural present second-person)
compilent (indicative plural present third-person)
compilais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
compilais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
compilait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
compilions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
compiliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
compilaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
compilai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
compilas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
compila (historic indicative past singular third-person)
compilâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
compilâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
compilèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
compilerai (first-person future indicative singular)
compileras (future indicative second-person singular)
compilera (future indicative singular third-person)
compilerons (first-person future indicative plural)
compilerez (future indicative plural second-person)
compileront (future indicative plural third-person)
compilerais (conditional first-person singular)
compilerais (conditional second-person singular)
compilerait (conditional singular third-person)
compilerions (conditional first-person plural)
compileriez (conditional plural second-person)
compileraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
compile (first-person present singular subjunctive)
compiles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
compile (present singular subjunctive third-person)
compilions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
compiliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
compilent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
compilasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
compilasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
compilât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
compilassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
compilassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
compilassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
compile (imperative second-person singular)
compilons (first-person imperative plural)
compilez (imperative plural second-person)

Je n’arrive pas à compiler ce programme...

I can't manage to compile this program...


blush

C’est mon petit boulot, ma tune, mes clopes, mes expressos, mes virées nocturnes, ma lingerie fine, mon Guerlain, mes folies de blush, mes livres de poche, mon cinoche.

1999, Anna Gavalda, “The Opel Touch”, in Je voudrais que quelqu'un m'attende quelque part:

blush (makeup used to redden the cheeks)


rugby

→ Russian: ре́гби (régbi) (see there for further descendants)


cunnilingus

From Latin cunnus and lingō (“to lick”).

Le cunnilingus est une pratique sexuelle orale qui consiste à stimuler les différentes parties des organes génitaux féminins à l’aide de la langue, des lèvres ou du nez.

Cunnilingus is an oral sex act that consists of stimulating different parts of the female genitalia with the help of the tongue, lips or the nose.


dramaturge

dramaturge m or f by sense (plural dramaturges)

dramatij

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δραματουργός (dramatourgós).

lbor

δραματουργός

(theater) playwright (writer of plays for the theatre)


Gaby

a diminutive of the female given name Gabrielle


Gaby

a diminutive of the male given name Gabriel


impertinent

fr-adj

impertinent (feminine impertinente, masculine plural impertinents, feminine plural impertinentes)

impertinente (feminine)
impertinents (masculine plural)
impertinentes (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin impertinentem. Morphologically, from in- + pertinent.


ardent

fr-adj

ardent (feminine ardente, masculine plural ardents, feminine plural ardentes)

ardente (feminine)
ardents (masculine plural)
ardentes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French ardent, borrowed from Latin ardentem.


alp

(Internet slang, text messaging) à la prochaine


assai

Borrowed from Italian assai. Doublet of assez.


atonal

atonal (feminine atonale, masculine plural atonals or atonaux, feminine plural atonales)

atonale (feminine)
atonals (masculine plural)
atonaux (masculine plural)
atonales (feminine plural)


atone

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄτονος (átonos).


augite

→ Romanian: augit


aural

fr-adj

aural (feminine aurale, masculine plural auraux, feminine plural aurales)

aurale (feminine)
auraux (masculine plural)
aurales (feminine plural)


barre

→ English: barre

→ Romanian: bară

→ Vietnamese: ba-rê

From Middle French barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Frankish *bara (“bar, beam, barrier, fence”), from Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce”).
If so, then cognate with Old High German para, bara (“bar, beam, one's cherished land”), Middle Dutch bāre, baer (“bar, barrier, rail”), Old Frisian ber (“attack, assault”), Swedish bärling (“a spoke”), Norwegian berling (“a small bar in a vehicle, rod”), Latin forus (“gangway, plank”), Russian забо́р (zabór, “fencing, paling, fence”), Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros, “piece of land, furrow, marker, beacon, lighthouse”).
An alternative etymology derives Old French barre and Vulgar Latin *barra from a Celtic source related to Breton barri (“branch, twig”).
Doublet of bar.

cog

(typography) Clipping of barre oblique: the slash mark ⟨/⟩

barre de fraction
barre de fraction#French

(typography) Clipping of barre de fraction: the fraction slash ⟨⁄⟩

(typography) Clipping of barre inscrite: the bar diacritics ⟨̵⟩, ⟨̶⟩, ⟨̷⟩, and ⟨̸⟩

barre inscrite

(typography) Clipping of barre verticale: the vertical bar ⟨|⟩

barre oblique inversée
barre oblique inversée#French

(typography, improper) Clipping of barre oblique inversée: the backslash ⟨\⟩


brayer

Inherited from Old French, from Old Norse bræða (“melt; make oil, tar, pitch”).


cache

From cacher. In the sense "cover, mask", a clipping of cache-œil, cache-nez, etc.


caddy

Borrowed from English caddy. Doublet of cadet.

Then I talked to his caddy.

2016 [2014], Nora Roberts, Crime en fête, translation of Festive in Death:


cam

From English cam, a shortening of camera.

(cinematography) cam (device for filming)


cam

(military, nautical) contre-amiral (rear admiral (RAdm))


cerise

Inherited from Old French cerise, from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin.


cerise

Haitian Creole: seriz

→ English: cerise

→ Swedish: cerise

Coordinate term: griotte


chic

→ Czech: šik

→ Dutch: chic, sjiek

→ English: chic

→ Esperanto: ŝika

→ Finnish: chic

→ German: schick

→ Greek: σικ (sik)

→ Limburgish: sjiek

→ Polish: szyk

→ Portuguese: chique

→ Romanian: șic

→ Slovak: šik

→ Spanish: chic

→ Turkish: şık

→ Persian: شیک (šik)

→ Ukrainian: шик (šyk)

Probably from German Schick (“elegant appearance; tasteful presentation”). The word is akin to Dutch schielijk (“hasty”), schikken (“to arrange”), Old English sċēon (“to happen”).


civet

(cooking) ragout (“stew”) of hare, rabbit or wild mammal, with red wine and onions, bound with the animal’s blood


corona

« Ici au Congo, il n’y a que la malaria et la simple fièvre. Le corona, c’est en Europe, en Chine. Nous avons des anticorps depuis nos ancêtres » affirme l’un d’entre eux, Hussein, à l’AFP.

2020 June 1, “« Le corona, c’est en Europe ou en Chine, pas ici » : à Kinshasa, la difficile sensibilisation au Covid-19”, in Le Monde, archived from the original on 2021-01-14:

« Regardez ici, il n’y a pas un mètre, on est les uns sur les autres ! Ici c’est du concentré de corona (…) Il est là le corona ! », déplore Abdul Qahar, Afghan âgé de 20 ans, en montrant les tentes à touche-touche, les détritus au sol et les toilettes à ciel ouvert.

2020 July 18, “« Il est là le corona ! »: au canal Saint-Denis, un millier de migrants sans mesures barrière”, in L'Express, archived from the original on 2021-01-14:

Que dit-elle ? "Alleen samen krijgen wij de overheiden^([sic]) [should be "overheid"] onder controle" (Ensemble, nous pouvons avoir le contrôle des autorités) un slogan détourné de celui lancé au printemps par le gouvernement et qui disait : "Ensemble, nous pouvons avoir le contrôle sur le corona".

2020 September 24, “Coronavirus: ces célébrités, dont "la fille la plus détestée des Pays-Bas", qui lancent une campagne anti-mesures COVID-19”, in RTBF, archived from the original on 2020-11-10:


chiton

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χιτών (khitṓn, “tunic”).


crux

Borrowed from English crux. Doublet of croix, croiseur, and cruiser.

(climbing) crux (hardest point of a climb)


dauber

dauber (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
daubant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
daubé (participle past)
daube (first-person indicative present singular)
daubes (indicative present second-person singular)
daube (indicative present singular third-person)
daubons (first-person indicative plural present)
daubez (indicative plural present second-person)
daubent (indicative plural present third-person)
daubais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
daubais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
daubait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
daubions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
daubiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
daubaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
daubai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
daubas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
dauba (historic indicative past singular third-person)
daubâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
daubâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
daubèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
dauberai (first-person future indicative singular)
dauberas (future indicative second-person singular)
daubera (future indicative singular third-person)
dauberons (first-person future indicative plural)
dauberez (future indicative plural second-person)
dauberont (future indicative plural third-person)
dauberais (conditional first-person singular)
dauberais (conditional second-person singular)
dauberait (conditional singular third-person)
dauberions (conditional first-person plural)
dauberiez (conditional plural second-person)
dauberaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
daube (first-person present singular subjunctive)
daubes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
daube (present singular subjunctive third-person)
daubions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
daubiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
daubent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
daubasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
daubasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
daubât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
daubassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
daubassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
daubassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
daube (imperative second-person singular)
daubons (first-person imperative plural)
daubez (imperative plural second-person)

(by extension) to insult; to denigrate; to defame


diode

→ Turkish: diyot


distal

fr-adj

distal (feminine distale, masculine plural distaux, feminine plural distales)

distale (feminine)
distaux (masculine plural)
distales (feminine plural)


filet

→ Turkish: file

Inherited from Old French filé (past participle of filer), with change of suffix.


gage

→ Dutch: gage

→ German: Gage (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Middle French gage, from Old French gage, guage, from Early Medieval Latin wadius (attested in the Reichenau Glossary), from Frankish *waddī.

(law, finance) deposit, security, guaranty (guarantee that debt will be paid; property relinquished to ensure this)


geyser

Borrowed from Icelandic Geyser, related to the verb geysa (“to gush”).


gouge

Inherited from Old French gouge, from Latin gulbia (Late Latin gubia), of Gaulish or Basque origins.


grippe

Haitian Creole: grip

→ Albanian: grip

→ Alemannic German: Grippi

→ Armenian: գրիպ (grip)

→ Azerbaijani: qrip

→ Belarusian: грып (hryp)

→ Bulgarian: грип (grip)

→ Catalan: grip

→ Dutch: griep
Afrikaans: griep

→ English: grippe

→ Esperanto: gripo

→ Estonian: gripp

→ Galician: gripe

→ Georgian: გრიპი (griṗi)

→ German: Grippe

→ Greek: γρίπη (grípi) and Greek dialect of Cyprus (Cypriot Greek): γρίππη (pronounced with a geminate /ph:/)

→ Kildin Sami: грӣбп (grībp)

→ Kyrgyz: грипп (gripp)

→ Ladino: grip

→ Latvian: gripa

→ Lithuanian: gripas

→ Luxembourgish: Gripp

→ Macedonian: грип (grip)

i

→ Norman: grippe (possibly also descended from Old French)

→ Polish: grypa

→ Portuguese: gripe

→ Romanian: gripă

→ Russian: грипп (gripp)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: грип

Latin script: gripa

→ Slovene: gripa

desc

→ Spanish: gripe, gripa (Colombia, Mexico)

→ Tajik: грипп (gripp)

→ Tatar: грипп (gripp)

→ Turkish: grip

→ Laz: გრიფი (gripi)

→ Turkmen: grip

→ Ukrainian: грип (hryp)

→ Uzbek: gripp

Sophie a eu une mauvaise grippe l’hiver dernier.

Sophie had a bad case of the flu last winter.

Comment savoir si vous avez la grippe ou un rhume?

How do you know if you have the flu or a cold?


hymen

→ English: hymen

→ Romanian: himen

→ Turkish: himen

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑμήν (humḗn, “skin, membrane”).


incise

(grammar) a part of a sentence, set between em dashes


khan

From Old French chan, from Medieval Latin canus, caanus, of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic xān (“Central Asian khan”), probably ultimately of non-Turkic (Central Asian) origin.


klaxon

Borrowed from English klaxon. Genericized trademark.


labial

fr-adj

labial (feminine labiale, masculine plural labiaux, feminine plural labiales)

labiale (feminine)
labiaux (masculine plural)
labiales (feminine plural)


lavabo

→ German: Lavabo

→ Turkish: lavabo

→ Vietnamese: la-va-bô

Borrowed from Latin lavābō (“I will wash”), first-person singular future active indicative of lavō, lavāre (“wash, bathe”, verb).


lobber

lobber (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
lobbant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
lobbé (participle past)
lobbe (first-person indicative present singular)
lobbes (indicative present second-person singular)
lobbe (indicative present singular third-person)
lobbons (first-person indicative plural present)
lobbez (indicative plural present second-person)
lobbent (indicative plural present third-person)
lobbais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lobbais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lobbait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lobbions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
lobbiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lobbaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lobbai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
lobbas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
lobba (historic indicative past singular third-person)
lobbâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
lobbâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
lobbèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
lobberai (first-person future indicative singular)
lobberas (future indicative second-person singular)
lobbera (future indicative singular third-person)
lobberons (first-person future indicative plural)
lobberez (future indicative plural second-person)
lobberont (future indicative plural third-person)
lobberais (conditional first-person singular)
lobberais (conditional second-person singular)
lobberait (conditional singular third-person)
lobberions (conditional first-person plural)
lobberiez (conditional plural second-person)
lobberaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
lobbe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lobbes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lobbe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lobbions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lobbiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lobbent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lobbasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
lobbasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
lobbât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
lobbassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
lobbassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
lobbassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lobbe (imperative second-person singular)
lobbons (first-person imperative plural)
lobbez (imperative plural second-person)


lobe

Inherited from Middle French, from Ancient Greek λοβός (lobós).

lobe de l’oreille


loge

→ German: Loge

→ Dutch: loge

→ Macedonian: ложа (loža)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: losje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: losje

→ Polish: loża

→ Russian: ло́жа (lóža)

→ Persian: لژ (lož)

→ Swedish: loge

→ Ukrainian: ло́жа (lóža)

Inherited from Middle French loge, from Old French loge, borrowed from Frankish *laubijā, from Proto-West Germanic *laub + *-jō. The Masonic sense developed under influence from English lodge.

etymon

(theater, television) dressing room (a room in a theatre or other performance venue in which performers may change costumes and apply makeup)


lutz

From the surname of Austrian skater Alois Lutz who invented the jump.


lysine

fr-noun

lysine f (countable and uncountable, plural lysines)


magma

From Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma, “paste”).


marc

From Old French marc (12th c.), from Frankish *mark. Doublet of mark. Also related with marque and marche (“frontier”).

(history) a weight, especially of gold and silver, equivalent to ca. 245 grams


marrer

se marrer (infinitive reflexive)
être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction reflexive)
se marrant (gerund participle present reflexive)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present reflexive)
marré (participle past reflexive)
me marre (first-person indicative present reflexive singular)
te marres (indicative present reflexive second-person singular)
se marre (indicative present reflexive singular third-person)
nous marrons (first-person indicative plural present reflexive)
vous marrez (indicative plural present reflexive second-person)
se marrent (indicative plural present reflexive third-person)
me marrais (first-person imperfect indicative reflexive singular)
te marrais (imperfect indicative reflexive second-person singular)
se marrait (imperfect indicative reflexive singular third-person)
nous marrions (first-person imperfect indicative plural reflexive)
vous marriez (imperfect indicative plural reflexive second-person)
se marraient (imperfect indicative plural reflexive third-person)
me marrai (first-person historic indicative past reflexive singular)
te marras (historic indicative past reflexive second-person singular)
se marra (historic indicative past reflexive singular third-person)
nous marrâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural reflexive)
vous marrâtes (historic indicative past plural reflexive second-person)
se marrèrent (historic indicative past plural reflexive third-person)
me marrerai (first-person future indicative reflexive singular)
te marreras (future indicative reflexive second-person singular)
se marrera (future indicative reflexive singular third-person)
nous marrerons (first-person future indicative plural reflexive)
vous marrerez (future indicative plural reflexive second-person)
se marreront (future indicative plural reflexive third-person)
me marrerais (conditional first-person reflexive singular)
te marrerais (conditional reflexive second-person singular)
se marrerait (conditional reflexive singular third-person)
nous marrerions (conditional first-person plural reflexive)
vous marreriez (conditional plural reflexive second-person)
se marreraient (conditional plural reflexive third-person)
past historic of être + past participle (anterior indicative multiword-construction past reflexive)
future of être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect reflexive)
conditional of être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect reflexive)
me marre (first-person present reflexive singular subjunctive)
te marres (present reflexive second-person singular subjunctive)
se marre (present reflexive singular subjunctive third-person)
nous marrions (first-person plural present reflexive subjunctive)
vous marriez (plural present reflexive second-person subjunctive)
se marrent (plural present reflexive subjunctive third-person)
me marrasse (first-person imperfect reflexive singular subjunctive)
te marrasses (imperfect reflexive second-person singular subjunctive)
se marrât (imperfect reflexive singular subjunctive third-person)
nous marrassions (first-person imperfect plural reflexive subjunctive)
vous marrassiez (imperfect plural reflexive second-person subjunctive)
se marrassent (imperfect plural reflexive subjunctive third-person)
marre-toi (imperative reflexive second-person singular)
marrons-nous (first-person imperative plural reflexive)
marrez-vous (imperative plural reflexive second-person)

Probably borrowed from Spanish marear (“to get dizzy”), with semantic shift "to get dizzy" > "to be bored" > "to be amused" (via antiphrasis).

bor+

J’ sais pas pourquoi j’ me parle toute seule, pourquoi j’ me ris à la gueule ; peut-être que j’aime me marrer.

2018, Zaz (lyrics and music), “J'aime, j'aime”:

I don't know why I'm talking to myself all alone, why I'm laughing in my own face; maybe I like to laugh.

Si les jeux sont faits au son des mascarades, on pourra toujours se marrer.

If the games are played to the sound of masquerades, we could always have fun.

(reflexive, slang) to laugh; to be amused


mica

Borrowed from Latin mīca. Doublet of mie and miche.


mire

Borrowed from Italian mira, from Latin mīrō (“to wonder at”).

(weaponry) aim (action of aiming) [from 1562]


mort

→ English: mort

Inherited from Middle French mort, from Old French mort, from Latin mors.


motif

→ Danish: motiv

→ English: motif

→ German: Motiv
→ Romanian: motiv

→ Norwegian Bokmål: motiv

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: motiv

→ Swedish: motiv

→ Turkish: motif

Learned borrowing from Late Latin mōtivus.

lbor

pour des motifs qui échappent à tout le monde, à toute logique, à notre appréciation

for motives that escape everyone, all logic, our appreciation

Pour un motif qui m’échappe, un certain merdeux s’est mis à feindre de s’intéresser à mon bien-etre.

For some motive that escapes me, some shit started pretending to be interested in my well-being.

Bien que la faim et le dénûment nous tourmentassent quelquefois, et même à peu près toujours, rien ne nous causait autant de tourment que d’être témoins des cruautés inouïes que mon maître exerçait sur les chrétiens. Chaque jour il en faisait pendre quelqu’un ; on empalait celui-là, on coupait les oreilles à celui-ci, et cela pour si peu de chose, ou plutôt tellement sans motif, que les Turcs eux-mêmes reconnaissaient qu’il ne faisait le mal que pour le faire, et parce que son humeur naturelle le portait à être le meurtrier de tout le genre humain.

1836, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, chapter XL, in Louis Viardot, transl., L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche, volume I, Paris: J[acques]-J[ulien] Dubochet et Cⁱᵉ, éditeurs, […], →OCLC:

Even though hunger and destitution tormented us sometime, and even almost always, nothing caused us as much torment as being witnesses to the unheard-of cruelties that my master exercised on the Christians. Every day, he made someone hang; they impaled that one, they cut off this one's ears, and this for so little stuff, or rather so much without motive, that the Turks themselves recognized that he only did harm for the sake of it, and because his natural temperament brought him to be the murderer of the whole human race.


pas

Inherited from Old French pas, from Latin passus.
Its use as an auxiliary negative adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec… passum) in negative constructions – literally “not… a step”, i.e. “not at all” – originally used with certain verbs of motion. In older French other nouns could also be used in this way, such as ne… goutte (“not… a drop”) and ne… mie (“not… a crumb”), but in the modern language pas has become grammaticalized.

Pas de Calais


pion

Inherited from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedōnem, derived from Latin ped- (“foot”). Doublet of péon, which was borrowed from Spanish peón.


pion

English pion. By surface analysis, pi + -on (forming particle names).


ponce

From Latin pūmex (via a Late Latin pōmex).

(Quebec) hot alcoholic beverage made with gin or rum


rooter

rooter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rootant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
rooté (participle past)
roote (first-person indicative present singular)
rootes (indicative present second-person singular)
roote (indicative present singular third-person)
rootons (first-person indicative plural present)
rootez (indicative plural present second-person)
rootent (indicative plural present third-person)
rootais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rootais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rootait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rootions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rootiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rootaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rootai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rootas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
roota (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rootâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rootâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rootèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
rooterai (first-person future indicative singular)
rooteras (future indicative second-person singular)
rootera (future indicative singular third-person)
rooterons (first-person future indicative plural)
rooterez (future indicative plural second-person)
rooteront (future indicative plural third-person)
rooterais (conditional first-person singular)
rooterais (conditional second-person singular)
rooterait (conditional singular third-person)
rooterions (conditional first-person plural)
rooteriez (conditional plural second-person)
rooteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
roote (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rootes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
roote (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rootions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rootiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rootent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rootasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rootasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rootât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rootassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rootassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rootassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
roote (imperative second-person singular)
rootons (first-person imperative plural)
rootez (imperative plural second-person)


sage

Inherited from Middle French sage, from Old French sage, from Vulgar Latin *sapium from the Classical Latin verb sapiō.

(of a person) wise: prudent, cautious, and judicious

(of a woman) Chaste, modest, irreproachable in conduct

Alors, tu vas être sage pour maman dans le magasin ?

Now, are you going to be good for mommy in the store?

(of a child) good, well-behaved, not naughty


sage

a person who is prudent, cautious, and judicious


sou

→ English: sou

Louisiana Creole: sou

saouls (and their alternative spellings)

Inherited from Old French, inherited from Late Latin soldus, from Latin solidus. Doublet of solide. See also the form sol, which kept the historical spelling from Old French, even if it came to be pronounced like sou.

(historical, numismatics) sou (old French coin)


talc

From Persian طلق (talq), from a Middle Persian word meaning "medicament."


tapis

→ Nafaanra: tapis

Inherited from Middle French tapiz, from Vulgar Latin *tappetium, from Latin tapētem or from Byzantine Greek ταπήτιον (tapḗtion), from Ancient Greek τάπης (tápēs), from an Iranian source.

(poker) all-in (an instance of betting all of one's chips)


tibia

Borrowed from Latin tībia. Compare the inherited doublet tige.


tome

Borrowed from Franco-Provençal tôma, of obscure origin.


tulle

→ English: tulle

→ Esperanto: tulo

→ German: Tüll

→ Japanese: チュール (chūru)

→ Russian: тюль (tjulʹ)

→ Spanish: tul

→ Turkish: tül

Named after Tulle, where the fabric was first manufactured.


vanner

vanner (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
vannant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
vanné (participle past)
vanne (first-person indicative present singular)
vannes (indicative present second-person singular)
vanne (indicative present singular third-person)
vannons (first-person indicative plural present)
vannez (indicative plural present second-person)
vannent (indicative plural present third-person)
vannais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vannais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vannait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vannions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vanniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vannaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vannai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
vannas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
vanna (historic indicative past singular third-person)
vannâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vannâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
vannèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
vannerai (first-person future indicative singular)
vanneras (future indicative second-person singular)
vannera (future indicative singular third-person)
vannerons (first-person future indicative plural)
vannerez (future indicative plural second-person)
vanneront (future indicative plural third-person)
vannerais (conditional first-person singular)
vannerais (conditional second-person singular)
vannerait (conditional singular third-person)
vannerions (conditional first-person plural)
vanneriez (conditional plural second-person)
vanneraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
vanne (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vannes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vanne (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vannions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vanniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vannent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vannasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vannasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vannât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vannassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vannassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vannassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vanne (imperative second-person singular)
vannons (first-person imperative plural)
vannez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin vannāre, from Latin vannere, vannō.

(cooking) to stir (a sauce or soup) to avoid the formation of a skin


zircon

Borrowed from German Zirkon, formed in the 1780s from Arabic زَرْقُون (zarqūn). Doublet of jargon.


contention

(medicine) immobilization, (psychiatry) restraint


fête

→ English: fête

→ German: Fete

→ Polish: feta

Inherited from Middle French feste, from Old French feste, from Late Latin fēsta, from the plural of Latin fēstum.

Le 18 mai, c’est la fête des Éric.

May 18 is the name day of people named Eric.


barque

fr-noun

barque f (plural barques, diminutive barquette)

Haitian Creole: bak

une barque

Inherited from Middle French barque, probably borrowed from Italian barca or a Medieval Latin equivalent, from Late Latin barca. Doublet of barge.


biceps

(anatomy) biceps (any two-headed muscle)


bifurcation

From bifurquer + -tion, Medieval Latin bifurcus (“two-pronged”).

a bifurcation, where two roads etc. part or meet


bluff

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: بلوف (bluf)
Turkish: blöf

→ Polish: bluff


breaker

breaker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
breakant (gerund participle present)
breakant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
breaké (participle past)
breaké (participle past)
breake (first-person indicative present singular)
breakes (indicative present second-person singular)
breake (indicative present singular third-person)
breakons (first-person indicative plural present)
breakons (first-person indicative plural present)
breakez (indicative plural present second-person)
breakez (indicative plural present second-person)
breakent (indicative plural present third-person)
breakais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
breakais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
breakais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
breakais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
breakait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
breakait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
breakions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
breakions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
breakiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
breakiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
breakaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
breakaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
breakai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
breakai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
breakas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
breakas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
breaka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
breaka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
breakâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
breakâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
breakâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
breakâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
breakèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
breakèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
breakerai (first-person future indicative singular)
breakerai (first-person future indicative singular)
breakeras (future indicative second-person singular)
breakeras (future indicative second-person singular)
breakera (future indicative singular third-person)
breakera (future indicative singular third-person)
breakerons (first-person future indicative plural)
breakerons (first-person future indicative plural)
breakerez (future indicative plural second-person)
breakerez (future indicative plural second-person)
breakeront (future indicative plural third-person)
breakeront (future indicative plural third-person)
breakerais (conditional first-person singular)
breakerais (conditional first-person singular)
breakerais (conditional second-person singular)
breakerais (conditional second-person singular)
breakerait (conditional singular third-person)
breakerait (conditional singular third-person)
breakerions (conditional first-person plural)
breakerions (conditional first-person plural)
breakeriez (conditional plural second-person)
breakeriez (conditional plural second-person)
breakeraient (conditional plural third-person)
breakeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
breake (first-person present singular subjunctive)
breakes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
breake (present singular subjunctive third-person)
breakions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
breakions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
breakiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
breakiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
breakent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
breakasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
breakasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
breakasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
breakasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
breakât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
breakât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
breakassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
breakassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
breakassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
breakassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
breakassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
breakassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
breake (imperative second-person singular)
breakons (first-person imperative plural)
breakons (first-person imperative plural)
breakez (imperative plural second-person)
breakez (imperative plural second-person)

(tennis) to break (win a game when receiving)


brute

bully (one who imposes his will on others using violence)


caper

caper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
capant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
capé (participle past)
cape (first-person indicative present singular)
capes (indicative present second-person singular)
cape (indicative present singular third-person)
capons (first-person indicative plural present)
capez (indicative plural present second-person)
capent (indicative plural present third-person)
capais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
capais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
capait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
capions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
capiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
capaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
capai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
capas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
capa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
capâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
capâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
capèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
caperai (first-person future indicative singular)
caperas (future indicative second-person singular)
capera (future indicative singular third-person)
caperons (first-person future indicative plural)
caperez (future indicative plural second-person)
caperont (future indicative plural third-person)
caperais (conditional first-person singular)
caperais (conditional second-person singular)
caperait (conditional singular third-person)
caperions (conditional first-person plural)
caperiez (conditional plural second-person)
caperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
cape (first-person present singular subjunctive)
capes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cape (present singular subjunctive third-person)
capions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
capiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
capent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
capasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
capasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
capât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
capassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
capassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
capassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cape (imperative second-person singular)
capons (first-person imperative plural)
capez (imperative plural second-person)

(sports) to cap (award a player a cap for playing for their national team)


cavalier

fr-noun

cavalier m (plural cavaliers, feminine cavalière)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قاوالیه, قوالییه (kavalye)
Turkish: kavalye

→ Russian: кавале́р (kavalér)
→ Romanian: cavaler

Borrowed from Italian cavaliere, itself borrowed from Old Occitan cavalier, from Late Latin caballārius. Doublet of chevalier, which was inherited.


champ

→ English: champ

Inherited from Middle French champ, from Old French champ m, inherited from Latin campus m (“field”). Doublet of camp m and campus m.

(mathematics) a vector field, tensor field, or scalar field (but not a commutative ring with identity for which every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse, cf. corps m)

(heraldry) the background of a shield's design

field in its various senses, including:
the background of a shield's design


char

Inherited from Old French char, from Latin carrus, a loan from Transalpine Gaulish. Doublet of car (“coach”), a borrowing from English.


chef

Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.

d’or au chef de gueules

(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms


chute

From a merger of Old French cheüe, chue (from Vulgar Latin *cadūta) and cheoite (from Vulgar Latin cadecta), both feminine past participles of cheoir, whence modern choir (compare chu).

Nous ne sommes plus très loin des chutes du Niagara.


circulation

→ Romanian: circulație

→ Turkish: sirkülasyon


cuvette

→ English: cuvette

→ German: Küvette

→ Portuguese: cuvete

→ Romanian: chiuvetă

→ Turkish: küvet


dislocation

Borrowed from Medieval Latin dislocātiōnem.

bor+

dislocation à droite

dislocation à gauche


document

→ Romanian: document

→ Turkish: doküman


encapsulation

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming


expropriation

(law) eminent domain, compulsory purchase


extension

Inherited from Old French estension, borrowed from Latin extentiōnem.

(semantics, linguistics) semantic widening


fanfare

→ Turkish: fanfar

Probably from Arabic فَرْفَار (farfār); see fanfaron (“boaster”).


farce

→ Catalan: farsa

→ Danish: fars

→ Icelandic: fars

→ English: farce

→ German: Farce

→ Interlingua: farsa

→ Italian: farsa

→ Macedonian: фарса (farsa)

→ Polish: farsa, farsz

→ Portuguese: farsa

→ Romanian: farsă

→ Russian: фарс (fars), фарш (farš)

→ Spanish: farsa

→ Swedish: fars, färs

→ Ukrainian: фарс (fars), фарш (farš)

Dictionnaire de la langue française
Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
Émile Littré

Inherited from Old French farse, from Medieval Latin farsa, feminine perfect passive participle from farcīre, from farciō (“to stuff”). The theatre sense alludes to the pleasant and varied character of certain stuffed food items.


fixation

(psychology, informal) fixation, obsession


fret

→ Portuguese: frete

→ Spanish: flete

Inherited from Old French fret, from Middle Dutch vrecht, from Old Dutch *frēht, from Proto-West Germanic *fra- + *aihti.

(shipping) freight, cargo fees: the cost of transporting cargo by boat


gaze

→ English: gauze

→ Danish: gaze

→ Dutch: gaas

→ German: Gaze

→ Polish: gaza

→ Russian: газ (gaz)

→ Scots: gais, gaes

Borrowed from Arabic قَزّ (qazz, “silk”)


gazette

→ Amharic: ጋዜጣ (gazeṭa)

→ Belarusian: газе́та (hazjéta)

→ Breton: kazetenn

desctree

→ English: gazette
→ Kikuyu: ngathĩti
→ Maori: kāhiti
→ Swahili: gazeti

→ German: Gazette
→ Silesian: gazyta

→ Khmer: កាសែត (kaasaet)

→ Polish: gazeta
→ Kashubian: gazéta

→ Russian: газе́та (gazéta)
⇒ Azerbaijani: qəzet
⇒ Bashkir: гәзит (gəzit)
→ Buryat: газетэ (gazjete)
⇒ Bezhta: газит (gazit)
→ Georgian: გაზეთ- (gazet-, stem), გაზეთი (gazeti, nominative singular)
⇒ Kazakh:
Arabic script: گازەت (gazet)
Cyrillic script: газет (gazet)
⇒ Kyrgyz: гезит (gezit)
⇒ Kildin Sami: газет (gazjet)
⇒ Skolt Sami: gaʹzaat, gaʹzeâʹt
⇒ Southern Altai: газет (gazet)
→ Tajik: газета (gazeta)
⇒ Tatar: газет (ğazet), гәзит (gäzit)
⇒ Turkmen: gazet
⇒ Uyghur: گېزىت (gëzit)
→ Uzbek: gazeta
⇒ Yakut: хаһыат (qahıat)

→ Tigrinya: ጋዜጣ (gazeṭa)

→ Ukrainian: газе́та (hazéta)

→ West Flemish: gazette


corvette

→ Catalan: corbeta

→ Czech: korveta

→ Danish: korvet

→ Dutch: korvet

→ English: corvette

→ German: Korvette

→ Finnish: korvetti

→ Italian: corvetta

→ Norwegian Bokmål: korvett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: korvett

→ Ottoman Turkish: قوروت (korvet)

Turkish: korvet

→ Portuguese: corveta

→ Romanian: corvetă

→ Swedish: korvett

→ Spanish: corbeta

From Middle Dutch korf, korver (“a kind of ship”), or Middle Low German korf (“a kind of ship and basket”), + -ette. Possibly ultimately connected to Latin corbita (navis), "slow-sailing ship of burden, grain ship," which is from corbis.


couple

Inherited from Old French couple, from Vulgar Latin *cōpla, from Latin cōpula. Doublet of copule.


grand

fr-adj

grand (feminine grande, masculine plural grands, feminine plural grandes)

grande (feminine)
grands (masculine plural)
grandes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Middle French grand, from Old French grant, from Latin grandem.

Quand je serai grande, je veux être astronaute.

When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut.

Il l’a fait tout seul comme un grand garçon.

He did it all on his own like a big boy.

un grand tricheur

Grand Londres

Grand Montréal

(of a place) greater (together with the surrounding area pertaining to it)


grisette

→ English: grisette, grizette

→ German: Grisette

Gafrarium pectinatum, an edible Venus clam of the Pacific.

A type of bonbon made from honey and licorice.


habitation

dwelling (a place or house in which a person lives)


harmonica

Borrowed from German Harmonika; compare harmonique.


immoral

immoral (feminine immorale, masculine plural immoraux, feminine plural immorales)

immorale (feminine)
immoraux (masculine plural)
immorales (feminine plural)

desc

безнра́вственный

Russian: безнра́вственный (beznrávstvennyj) (calque)


incorporation

Inherited from Old French incorporacion, from Latin incorporātiōnem. By surface analysis, incorporer + -ation.

surface analysis

(military) entry into the military; entry into service


incrustation

From Latin incrustātiōnem (“encrustation”).


inculpation

Learned borrowing from Late Latin inculpātiō. By surface analysis, inculper + -ation.

lbor

chef d’inculpation

count (a single charge in legal proceedings)


inflammation

Learned borrowing from Latin īnflammātiō.


insouciant

fr-adj

insouciant (feminine insouciante, masculine plural insouciants, feminine plural insouciantes)

insouciante (feminine)
insouciants (masculine plural)
insouciantes (feminine plural)


interpellation

fr-noun

interpellation f (plural interpellations)

(law enforcement) (an instance of) questioning


interrogation

Borrowed from Latin interrogātiōnem. By surface analysis, interroger + -ation.


irascible

Borrowed from Late Latin īrāscibilis, from īrāscor (“grow angry”), from īra (“anger”).


isolation

From isoler + -ation. Attested since 1774.

(linguistics) isolation (low number of morphemes per word on average)

defense mechanism
defense mechanism#English

(psychology) isolation (a Freudian defense mechanism)


jubilation

Borrowed from Latin iūbilātiōnem (“a shouting for joy”). By surface analysis, jubiler + -ation.


lame

→ Catalan: llama

→ Italian: lama

desc

→ Persian: لام (lâm, “microscope slide”)

Inherited from Latin lāmina, through the accusative lāminam. Doublet of lamine, a borrowing.


marge

→ Czech: marže

→ German: Marge

→ Polish: marża

→ Russian: маржа (marža)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin marginem, from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ-, marǵ-.

(economics, business) markup (percentage or amount added to buy-in price)


nacre

mother-of-pearl (the hard pearly inner layer of certain mollusk shells)


partisan

fr-noun

partisan m (plural partisans, feminine partisane)


pipette

→ Portuguese: pipeta


piquet

→ English: piquet

→ Italian: picchetto

(education) a school punishment in which a student has to remain standing for some time by a tree or a wall, usually in the corner of the classroom


plaque

→ Persian: پلاک (pelâk)

From Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from *Old Dutch plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).

der

plaque muqueuse, dentaire

(geology) plate (especially a tectonic plate)


primitive

Coordinate term: dérivée


prise

→ Dutch: prise

→ Greek: πρίζα (príza)

→ Persian: پریز (periz)

→ Romanian: priză

→ Turkish: priz


raid

Borrowed from English raid, from Scots raid. Doublet of rade from Middle English.


rapper

(music) to speak (lyrics) in the style of rap music


roulette

→ Catalan: ruleta

→ Czech: ruleta

→ Danish: roulette, roulet

→ English: roulette

→ Galician: ruleta

→ German: Roulette (see there for further descendants)

→ Italian: roulette

→ Japanese: ルーレット

→ Norwegian Bokmål: rulett

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rulett

→ Portuguese: roleta

→ Spanish: ruleta

→ Swedish: roulett

→ Thai: รูเล็ตต์ (ruu-lèt)


route

From Old French rote, from Latin rupta [via].


sanguine

(heraldry) a tincture, seldom used, of a blood-red colour (not to be confused with murrey, which is mûre in French)


Scylla

From Latin Scylla, from Ancient Greek Σκύλλα (Skúlla).

de Charybde en Scylla


serviette

→ Bavarian: Serviettn

→ Deori: Serviette

→ Dutch: servet

→ English: serviette

→ Greek: σερβιέτα (serviéta)

→ Lithuanian: servetėlė

→ Indonesian: serbet

desctree

→ Polish: serwetka
→ Yiddish: סערוועטקע (servetke)

→ Romanian: șervet

→ Spanish: servilleta


site

From Latin situs.
Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English site, a clipping of website.


soubrette

(theater) maid (female servant (role) in a theatrical performance)


strict

fr-adj

strict (feminine stricte, masculine plural stricts, feminine plural strictes)

stricte (feminine)
stricts (masculine plural)
strictes (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin strictus, perfect participle of stringere (“to draw tight, bind, contract”). Doublet of étroit.


suite

→ Belarusian: сюіта (sjuita)

→ Bulgarian: сюита (sjuita)

→ Catalan: suite

→ Czech: suita

→ Danish: suite

→ Dutch: suite

→ English: suite

→ Galician: suite

→ German: Suite

→ Greek: σουίτα (souíta)

→ Italian: suite

→ Norwegian Bokmål: suite

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: suite

→ Persian: سوئیت (su'it)

→ Polish: suita

→ Portuguese: suíte

→ Romanian: suită

→ Russian: сюи́та (sjuíta)

→ Spanish: suite

→ Swedish: svit

→ Ukrainian: сюї́та (sjujíta)

Inherited from Old French suite, from earlier siute, from Vulgar Latin *sequita, (instead of classical secūta), as the feminine past participle of *sequere, from Latin sequi.


tentative

Borrowed from Medieval Latin tentātīva, from tentō (“to attempt”).

tentative de viol

tentative d’enlèvement

commettre une tentative d’homicide

accusé de la tentative d’assassinat d’un homme politique

L’homme en question est suspecté de la tentative de meurtre sur sa femme.

attempt, try, effort (particularly of something difficult or risky)


troll

From Swedish troll, from Old Norse troll, from Proto-Germanic *truzlą, from Proto-Indo-European *dreh₂-.


vedette

→ Dutch: vedette

→ English: vedette

→ Italian: vedette

→ Polish: wedeta

→ Portuguese: vedeta

→ Romanian: vedetă

→ Spanish: vedete

(lexicography) headword (word used as the title of a section)


vinaigrette

→ Catalan: vinagreta

→ English: vinaigrette

→ Russian: винегре́т m (vinegrét)


taper

taper (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
tapant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
tapé (participle past)
tape (first-person indicative present singular)
tapes (indicative present second-person singular)
tape (indicative present singular third-person)
tapons (first-person indicative plural present)
tapez (indicative plural present second-person)
tapent (indicative plural present third-person)
tapais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tapais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tapait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tapions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tapiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tapaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tapai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
tapas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
tapa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
tapâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
tapâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
tapèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
taperai (first-person future indicative singular)
taperas (future indicative second-person singular)
tapera (future indicative singular third-person)
taperons (first-person future indicative plural)
taperez (future indicative plural second-person)
taperont (future indicative plural third-person)
taperais (conditional first-person singular)
taperais (conditional second-person singular)
taperait (conditional singular third-person)
taperions (conditional first-person plural)
taperiez (conditional plural second-person)
taperaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tape (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tapes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tape (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tapions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tapiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tapent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tapasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tapasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tapât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tapassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tapassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tapassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tape (imperative second-person singular)
tapons (first-person imperative plural)
tapez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French taper, from Old French tapper, taper (“to tap”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *tappōn, *dabbōn (“to strike”) or from Middle Low German tappen, tapen (“to tap, rap, strike”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dab- (“to strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰebʰ- (“to beat, strike, stun, be speechless”). Related to German tappen (“to grope, fumble”), Dutch deppen (“to dab”), Icelandic tappa, tapsa, tæpta (“to tap”). Related to dab.

der

(transitive) to type (use a keyboard or typewriter)

(intransitive) to beat down (of the sun); to go to one's head (of wine etc.)

Je me suis tapé un bon petit hamburger hier soir.

I put away a good, tiny hamburger last night.

(reflexive, slang) to put away (a meal etc.)

J’ai dû me taper trois heures d’embouteillage pour rejoindre l’aéroport.

I had to put up with three hours of traffic jam to get to the airport.


mansion

Learned borrowing from Latin mansiō. Doublet of maison.


centime

desctree

→ Amharic: ሳንቲም (santim)
→ English: santim

→ Catalan: cèntim

→ Dutch: centiem

→ English: centime

→ Portuguese: cêntimo

→ Spanish: céntimo

→ Turkish: santim

From cent + -ime, on the model of décime.

cent (one-hundredth of a euro), eurocent


argent

Haitian Creole: ajan

Louisiana Creole: larjên

Inherited from Middle French argent m, from Old French argent m, from Latin argentum n (according to the TLFi etymological dictionary, a borrowing), itself from Proto-Italic *argentom n, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm n, from *h₂erǵ- (“white”).

la parole est d’argent, le silence est d’or

né avec une cuillère d’argent dans la bouche

né avec une cuillère en argent dans la bouche


santé

Inherited from Old French santé, from Latin sānitātem.

en bonne santé


vanille

→ Danish: vanilje

→ Dutch: vanille

→ English: vanille

→ Persian: وانیل (vânil)

→ German: Vanille

→ Norwegian Bokmål: vanilje


bibliophile

fr-noun

bibliophile m or f by sense (plural bibliophiles)


unième

le vingt et unième siècle

-first (ordinal form of un used in compounds)

le N plus unième terme

-oneth (ordinal form of un used in compounds)


courriel

Blend of courrier + électronique. A portmanteau word created in French-speaking Canada, promoted by the Office québécois de la langue française and endorsed by the Académie française.

Académie française
Office québécois de la langue française


surfer

surfer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
surfant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
surfé (participle past)
surfe (first-person indicative present singular)
surfes (indicative present second-person singular)
surfe (indicative present singular third-person)
surfons (first-person indicative plural present)
surfez (indicative plural present second-person)
surfent (indicative plural present third-person)
surfais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
surfais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
surfait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
surfions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
surfiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
surfaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
surfai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
surfas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
surfa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
surfâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
surfâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
surfèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
surferai (first-person future indicative singular)
surferas (future indicative second-person singular)
surfera (future indicative singular third-person)
surferons (first-person future indicative plural)
surferez (future indicative plural second-person)
surferont (future indicative plural third-person)
surferais (conditional first-person singular)
surferais (conditional second-person singular)
surferait (conditional singular third-person)
surferions (conditional first-person plural)
surferiez (conditional plural second-person)
surferaient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
surfe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
surfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
surfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
surfions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
surfiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
surfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
surfasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
surfasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
surfât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
surfassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
surfassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
surfassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
surfe (imperative second-person singular)
surfons (first-person imperative plural)
surfez (imperative plural second-person)


burger

/bœʁ.ɡœʁ | byʁ.ɡœʁ/

Unadapted borrowing from English burger.


abigeat

(law, historical, archaic) Alternative form of abigéat


caisson

→ English: caisson

→ Turkish: keson

From Old Occitan caisson, from caissa. By surface analysis, caisse + -on.

(engineering) caisson (structure to exclude water)


bonbon

→ Bulgarian: бонбон (bonbon)

→ English: bonbon

→ German: Bonbon

→ Ladino: bombón

→ Ottoman Turkish: بون بون (bonbon)

Turkish: bonbon

→ Portuguese: bombom

→ Romanian: bomboană

→ Sotho: dipompong

→ Spanish: bombón

Reduplication of bon.
The standard rule in French is to write m in front of /m/, /p/ or /b/ – the rule does not apply to the words derived from bon: embonpoint, bonbonne and bonbonnière.

Je vous ai apporté des bonbons / Parce que les fleurs c’est périssable / Puis les bonbons c’est tellement bon / Bien que les fleurs soient plus présentables / Surtout quand elles sont en boutons / Mais je vous ai apporté des bonbons

1964, Jacques Brel (lyrics and music), “Les bonbons”, in Les bonbons:

I brought you sweets / Because flowers are perishable / And the sweets are so good / Even though flowers would be more presentable / Especially when they're buds / But I brought you sweets

Hallo, hallo, vide du cerveau,
Plus d’entrailles, pas de ventre rond.
Friand de bonbons et chamallows,
Attention à toi et à ton sac de bonbons.

2017 October 19, “Hallohallo”, in Le Coupe-Circuit [The Circuit Breaker], Konami:

Hallo, hallo, brain is hollow,
More of guts, none of a round belly.
Tasty of sweets and marshmallows,
Watch yourself and your sack of candy.


peloton

→ English: peloton

→ German: Peloton

→ Portuguese: pelotão

→ Spanish: pelotón


maki

Borrowed from Japanese maki (maki), from まき, from 巻き.


quiche

→ Danish: quiche

→ Dutch: quiche

desctree

→ English: quiche
→ Japanese: キッシュ (kisshu)
→ Korean: 키슈 (kisyu)

→ Esperanto: kiŝo

→ German: Quiche

→ Greek: κις (kis)

→ Polish: quiche, kisz

→ Portuguese: quiche

→ Russian: киш (kiš)

→ Spanish: quiche

→ Swedish: quiche

→ Thai: กิช (gìch)

From Lorraine Rhine Franconian Küeche, from Middle High German kuoche, from Old High German kuocho, kuohho, from Proto-Germanic *kōkô, from Proto-Indo-European *gog- (“ball-shaped object”). First attested in French in 1805. More at cake.


ordure

Inherited from Old French ord (“filthy”), from Latin horridus (“horrid”), + -ure.


hors-d'œuvre

hors-d’œuvre (canonical masculine)
hors-d’œuvre (plural)

(cooking) appetizer, starter, hors d'oeuvre (small, light, and usually savory first course in a meal)

(architecture) extension, appurtenance (room of a building that is not part of the main structure)

(literature) digression (act of straying from the main subject that could be removed from the text without detriment to the main plot)


hors-d'œuvre

(architecture) stand-alone (standing apart from the main body of a building)

(literature) off-topic, digressive (not relating directly to the subject at hand)


quartz

→ Catalan: quars

Borrowed from German Quarz, from a West Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *tvьrdъ (“hard”).


parasite

Borrowed from Latin parasītus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parásitos).

Des parasites troublent l’appareil.

The equipment is affected by radio interference.

(electronics, in the plural) radio interference


rigide

→ Turkish: rijit

Borrowed from Latin rigidus. Compare the inherited doublets roide and raide.


tournesol

Inherited from Old French tournesole, from Latin tornare + sol.


augure

Borrowed from Latin augurium. Doublet of heur.


slacker

slacker (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
slackant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
slacké (participle past)
slacke (first-person indicative present singular)
slackes (indicative present second-person singular)
slacke (indicative present singular third-person)
slackons (first-person indicative plural present)
slackez (indicative plural present second-person)
slackent (indicative plural present third-person)
slackais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
slackais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
slackait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
slackions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
slackiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
slackaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
slackai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
slackas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
slacka (historic indicative past singular third-person)
slackâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
slackâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
slackèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
slackerai (first-person future indicative singular)
slackeras (future indicative second-person singular)
slackera (future indicative singular third-person)
slackerons (first-person future indicative plural)
slackerez (future indicative plural second-person)
slackeront (future indicative plural third-person)
slackerais (conditional first-person singular)
slackerais (conditional second-person singular)
slackerait (conditional singular third-person)
slackerions (conditional first-person plural)
slackeriez (conditional plural second-person)
slackeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
slacke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
slackes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
slacke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
slackions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
slackiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
slackent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
slackasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
slackasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
slackât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
slackassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
slackassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
slackassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
slacke (imperative second-person singular)
slackons (first-person imperative plural)
slackez (imperative plural second-person)


nom de guerre

→ English: nom de guerre

/nɔ̃ d(ə) ɡɛʁ/

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-nom de guerre.wav

Literally, “name of war”, referring to the pseudonyms used during wars.


camouflage

→ English: camouflage

→ Japanese: カモフラージュ

→ German: Camouflage

→ Greek: καμουφλάζ n (kamoufláz)

→ Korean: 카무플라주 (kamupeullaju)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kamuflasje

→ Portuguese: camuflagem

→ Romanian: camuflaj

→ Russian: камуфля́ж (kamufljáž) (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: camuflaje

→ Turkish: kamuflaj

From camoufler (“disguise, to hide”) + -age (noun-forming suffix).


squat

C’est Vlad Alhazov qui détient le record du monde au squat, avec 1250lbs (566,99 kilo).


offensive

→ German: Offensive

First attested 1417; formed from offense, from Latin offēnsare (“to strike against”).


mezzo-soprano

fr-noun

mezzo-soprano m or f by sense (plural mezzo-sopranos)


blues

(music) blues (musical genre of African American origin)


babillard

fr-adj

babillard (feminine babillarde, masculine plural babillards, feminine plural babillardes)

babillarde (feminine)
babillards (masculine plural)
babillardes (feminine plural)


bac

→ Catalan: bac

desctree

→ Dutch: bak
Afrikaans: bak
Berbice Creole Dutch: baksi
Negerhollands: bak
→ Virgin Islands Creole: bak, baks (archaic)
→ Caribbean Hindustani: báki
→ Caribbean Javanese: bak, bag
→ Indonesian: bak, baki
→ Javanese: ꦧꦏꦶ (baki)
→ Ternate: baki
→ Javanese: ꦧꦏ꧀ (bak)
→ Papiamentu: baki (from the diminutive)
→ Sranan Tongo: baki
→ Caribbean Javanese: baki

→ English: bac

Inherited from Middle French bac, from Old French bas, bac- (“flat boat”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *baccu (“container”), from Latin bacar (“kind of wine glass”). Or, possibly borrowed from Celtic or Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *baką (“back, rear”).

unk

obscure


baccara

→ Portuguese: bacará

→ Spanish: bacará

Likely named after the French town Baccarat (noted for glassmaking) in Grand Est, of ultimately unclear and debated origin. First attested in 1291 (uncertain). If by some Vulgar Latin *Bacchara, the town is possibly named from Latin Bacchi ara ("altar of Bacchus"; the original pagan reference of the name was forgotten), name of an ancient Roman castellum, of which there remains a relic called the "Tower of Bacha" on the heights of Deneuvre, from whence Baccarat is an ancient suburb. Other hypotheses have also been suggested, including descent from Celtic.
Probably linked to Provençal baccara, although if the town etymology is correct, this may present some geographic difficulty.

unclear and debated origin


miniature

Borrowed from Italian miniatura. Unrelated to minuscule.

(computing) thumbnail (a miniature preview of a larger image)


addict

fr-noun

addict m (plural addicts, feminine addicte)

Borrowed from Latin addictus or perhaps English addict.


corruption

Inherited from Old French corruption, borrowed from Latin corruptiōnem.


bonheur

From bon + heur. Compare Occitan bonaür.

Pourquoi est-ce qu’on part en vacances ? Pour le bonheur !

Why do we go on vacation? To have a great time!

La vie est trop courte. Le bonheur est ce qui compte vraiment.

Life is too short. Happiness is what truly matters.

le malheur des uns fait le bonheur des autres


nova

novas (plural)
novae (plural)
novæ (plural)


supernova

supernova f (plural supernovas or supernovae or supernovæ)

supernovas (plural)
supernovae (plural)
supernovæ (plural)