mikado

Borrowed from Japanese 御門 (mikado), from 御 (mi, “honorable”) + 門 (kado, “gate, portal”).


tsar

tsars (plural)
czar (alternative)
tzar (alternative)

desc

→ Persian: تزار (tezâr), تسار (tesâr) (rare)

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of César.


khan

From Old French chan, from Medieval Latin canus, caanus, of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic xān (“Central Asian khan”), probably ultimately of non-Turkic (Central Asian) origin.


roi

rois (plural)
reine (feminine)
roy (alternative)

Antillean Creole: wa

Guianese Creole: rwè

Haitian Creole: wa

(perhaps) ⇒ Haitian Creole: lwa
→ English: loa

Karipúna Creole French: hué

Louisiana Creole: rwa

Seychellois Creole: lerwa

Inherited from Middle French roy, from Old French roi, rei, from Latin rēgem.

au royaume des aveugles, les borgnes sont rois


reine

Rennes (may be short in length-distinguishing accents)

Inherited from Old French reïne, reyne, royne, from Latin rēgīna.

Je ferai un domaine où l’amour sera roi, où l’amour sera loi, où tu seras reine

I will create a realm where love will be king, where love will be law, where you will be queen


monarque

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μόναρχος (mónarkhos).


maharaja

fr-noun

maharaja m (plural maharajas, feminine maharani)

maharajas (plural)
maharani (feminine)
maharadja (alternative)


sultan

sultan m (plural sultans, feminine sultane)

→ Faroese: sultánur

→ Portuguese: sultão

Inherited from Middle French sultan (“ruler of a Muslim state”), from Ottoman Turkish سلطان. See English sultan for more.


président

fr-noun

président m (plural présidents, feminine présidente)

présidents (plural)
présidente (feminine)
præsident (alternative)

desctree

→ German: Präsident
→ Polish: prezydent
→ Kashubian: prezydent
→ Silesian: prezydynt

→ Romanian: prezident

→ Russian: президент (prezident), президе́нтъ (prezidént) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Azerbaijani: prezident
→ Kazakh: президент (prezident)
→ Kildin Sami: президент (prjezidjent)
→ Tuvan: президент (prezident)
→ Turkmen: prezident
→ Uzbek: prezident

Learned borrowing from Latin praesidentem.

lbor

Voici le nouveau président de l’association.

This is the new president of the association.


souverain

fr-adj

souverain (feminine souveraine, masculine plural souverains, feminine plural souveraines)

souveraine (feminine)
souverains (masculine plural)
souveraines (feminine plural)

→ Danish: suveræn

→ German: souverän

→ Romanian: suveran

Inherited from Old French soverain, from Vulgar Latin *superānus, from Latin super. Compare Italian sovrano; Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish soberano.


souverain

→ Danish: suveræn

→ German: Souverän

→ Romanian: suveran

→ Russian: суверен (suveren)


sultane

sultana (female sultan or consort of a sultan)


empereur

fr-noun

empereur m (plural empereurs, feminine impératrice)

empereurs (plural)
impératrice (feminine)

From Middle French empereur, from Old French empereor, from Latin imperātōrem.


impératrice

impératrice f (plural impératrices, masculine empereur)

impératrices (plural)
empereur (masculine)

Borrowed from Latin imperātrīcem. Compare Old French empereriz.


pharaon

→ Khmer: ផារ៉ោន (phaaraon)

pharaoh (supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)


négus

Borrowed from Amharic ንጉሥ (nəguś, “king”).

bor+

(historical) Negus (supreme Ethiopian ruler)


gouverneur général

fr-noun

gouverneur général m (plural gouverneurs généraux, feminine gouverneure générale)

gouverneurs généraux (plural)
gouverneure générale (feminine)
gouverneur-général (alternative)


émir

Inherited from Middle French and Old French emir, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr).


chancelier

chancelier m (plural chanceliers, feminine chancelière)

chanceliers (plural)
chancelière (feminine)

From Old French chancelier, cancelier, from inherited from Late Latin cancellārius, from Latin cancellus.


schah

schahs (plural)
chah (alternative)
shah (alternative)


vice-roi

Inherited from Middle French vice-roy. By surface analysis, vice- + roi.


chef d'État

chef d’ État (canonical masculine)
chefs d’État (plural)


calife

→ Romanian: calif


régent

Borrowed from Latin regente, singular ablative of regēns.


stathouder

stathouders (plural)
stadhouder (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch stadhouder (literally “city holder”), calqued from Medieval Latin locum tenēns. Compare lieutenant.

bor+

(historical) stadtholder (chief magistrate of the Dutch Republic)