DVD

(French politics) Abbreviation of divers droite.


mikado

Borrowed from Japanese 御門 (mikado), from 御 (mi, “honorable”) + 門 (kado, “gate, portal”).


civil

fr-adj

civil (feminine civile, masculine plural civils, feminine plural civiles)

civile (feminine)
civils (masculine plural)
civiles (feminine plural)

Turkish: sivil


RN

Rassemblement national
Rassemblement national#French

(French politics) Abbreviation of Rassemblement national (“National Rally”).


woke

(politics, derogatory) woke; holding left-wing views or attitudes, (especially) with regards to social justice issues to an excessive degree.


balance

→ Russian: бала́нс (baláns)

→ Ukrainian: бала́нс (baláns)

Inherited from Middle French balance, from Old French balance, from Vulgar Latin *bilancia, from Latin bilanx, from bi- (see Latin bis) and lanx.

(economics, electricity, politics) balance


prince

→ Ottoman Turkish: پرَنْس (prens)

Turkish: prens

→ Persian: پرَنس (perans)

Inherited from Middle French prince, from Old French prince, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin prīnceps.


faction

Borrowed from Latin factiōnem. Doublet of façon.

(politics) a faction; specifically one which causes trouble


constitution

→ Persian: کنسطیطوسیون (konstitusyon)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Old Latin com
Latin cum
Latin con-
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Latin status
Latin statuō
Latin cōnstituō
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Italic *-tjō
Latin -tiō
Latin cōnstitūtiōlbor.
Old French constitucion
French constitution
Inherited from Old French constitucion, borrowed from Latin cōnstitūtiō, from cōnstituō + -tiō. By surface analysis, constituer + -tion.

etymon

constitution (formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions; legal document describing such a formal system)


cop

* (cop): Borrowed from English cop.
* (friend): Clipping of copain.


démocratie

→ Danish: demokrati n

desctree

→ Dutch: democratie f, demokratie (before 1996)
Afrikaans: demokrasie
→ Malay: demokrasi
→ Indonesian: démokrasi
→ Peranakan Indonesian: democratie

→ German: Demokratie f

desc

דֵּמוֹקְרַטְיָה

→ Hebrew: דֵּמוֹקְרַטְיָה f

→ Hebrew: דֵּמוֹקְרַטְיָה f

→ Persian: دموکراسی (demokrâsi)

→ Romanian: democrație f

→ Turkish: demokrasi

Inherited from Middle French democratie, from Medieval Latin dēmocratia, from Ancient Greek δημοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (dēmokrătĭ́ā).


PLC

Parti libéral du Canada (canonical masculine)

Parti libéral du Canada
Parti libéral du Canada

Liberal Party of Canada
Liberal Party of Canada

(initialism) (Canadian politics) Parti libéral du Canada — Liberal Party of Canada (LPC)


province

Haitian Creole: pwovens

Borrowed from Latin prōvincia. Doublet of Provence.

(Paris) the countryside; or more broadly, the rest of France (outside Paris)


tsar

→ Persian: تزار (tezâr), تسار (tesâr) (rare)

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of César.


pays

→ Catalan: país

→ Galician: país

→ Portuguese: país (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: país

Inherited from Middle French pays, from Old French pais, from Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”), derived from Latin pāgus (“countryside; district”).
See related terms. Cognates include Italian paese. Borrowed into Catalan, Portuguese, and Spanish as país. Cognates in regional languages in France: Norman payis, Gallo peïs, Picard poaiyis, Bourguignon paiyis, Franco-Provençal payis, Occitan país, Corsican paese.

inh

prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous


premier ministre

fr-noun

premier ministre m (plural premiers ministres, feminine première ministre)

premiers ministres (plural)
première ministre (feminine)

→ English: prime minister

→ German: Premierminister (calque)

desctree

премьер-министр

→ Russian: премьер-министр (premʹjer-ministr)
→ Georgian: პრემიერ-მინისტრი (ṗremier-minisṭri)
→ Kazakh: премьер-министр (premer-ministr)
→ Kyrgyz: премьер-министр (premyer-ministr)
→ Turkmen: premýer-ministr
→ Ukrainian: прем'єр-міністр (premʺjer-ministr)


royal

fr-adj

royal (feminine royale, masculine plural royaux, feminine plural royales)

royale (feminine)
royaux (masculine plural)
royales (feminine plural)

→ Belarusian: рая́ль (rajálʹ)

→ Bulgarian: роя́л (rojál)

→ Lithuanian: rojalis

→ Russian: роя́ль (rojálʹ)

→ Ukrainian: роя́ль (rojálʹ)

Inherited from Middle French roial, from Old French roial, from earlier reial, real, from very early Old French (c. 880) regiel, from Latin rēgālis, from rēx (“king”) + -ālis. Equivalent to roi + -al.


oligarchie

→ Turkish: oligarşi

First known attestation 1370-1372 in Les Ethiques en françois a translation of Aristotle by Nicolas Oresme, borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía).


voix

Inherited from Middle French voix, from Old French voiz, from Latin vōcem, accusative of vōx (“voice”), from Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs.


khan

From Old French chan, from Medieval Latin canus, caanus, of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic xān (“Central Asian khan”), probably ultimately of non-Turkic (Central Asian) origin.


interpellation

fr-noun

interpellation f (plural interpellations)

(law enforcement) (an instance of) questioning


corruption

Inherited from Old French corruption, borrowed from Latin corruptiōnem.


police

→ Amharic: ፖሊስ (polis)

→ Hunsrik: Puliss

→ Persian: پلیس (polis)

Borrowed from Late Latin polītīa (“state, government”), from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía).

bor+

(Quebec, colloquial) cop (police officer)


DVC

(French politics) Abbreviation of divers centre (“centrist”).


avant-garde

→ Danish: avantgarde

→ English: avant-garde

→ German: Avantgarde

→ Korean: 아방가르드 (abanggareudeu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: avantgarde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: avantgarde

→ Swedish: avantgarde

→ Turkish: avangart

Inherited from Old French avantgarde. By surface analysis, avant (“before, in front of”) + garde (“guard”).

surf

En éduquant le parti ouvrier, le marxisme éduque une avant-garde du prolétariat capable de prendre le pouvoir et de mener le peuple tout entier au socialisme, de diriger et d’organiser un régime nouveau, d’être l’éducateur, le guide et le chef de tous les travailleurs et exploités pour l’organisation de leur vie sociale, sans la bourgeoisie et contre la bourgeoisie. Au contraire, l’opportunisme régnant éduque, dans le parti ouvrier, des représentants des travailleurs les mieux rétribués qui se détachent de la masse : ils "s’accommodent" assez bien du régime capitaliste et vendent pour un plat de lentilles leur droit d’aînesse, c’est-à-dire qu’ils abdiquent leur rôle de chefs révolutionnaires du peuple dans la lutte contre la bourgeoisie.

1917, Vladimir Lenin, “Chapter II, part 1”, in L’État et la Révolution:

(Marxism) vanguard, the most politicized and conscious part of the proletariat.


RIP

référendum d’initiative partagée
référendum d'initiative partagée#French

(French politics) Initialism of référendum d’initiative partagée.


roi

Antillean Creole: wa

Guianese Creole: rwè

Haitian Creole: wa

(perhaps) ⇒ Haitian Creole: lwa
→ English: loa

Karipúna Creole French: hué

Louisiana Creole: rwa

Seychellois Creole: lerwa

Inherited from Middle French roy, from Old French roi, rei, from Latin rēgem.

au royaume des aveugles, les borgnes sont rois


reine

Rennes (may be short in length-distinguishing accents)

Inherited from Old French reïne, reyne, royne, from Latin rēgīna.

Je ferai un domaine où l’amour sera roi, où l’amour sera loi, où tu seras reine

I will create a realm where love will be king, where love will be law, where you will be queen


monarchie

Learned borrowing from Late Latin monarchia, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek μοναρχία (monarkhía).


monarque

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μόναρχος (mónarkhos).


SAS

(law enforcement) Abbreviation of section des agressions sexuelles. (sexual assault squad)


régime

→ English: regime, régime

→ German: Regime

→ Ottoman Turkish: رژیم (rejim)

Turkish: rejim

→ Persian: رژیم (režim)

→ Urdu: رژیم (režim)

→ Arabic: رجيم (rejim)

→ Romanian: regim

desctree

→ Russian: режи́м m (režím), режи́мъ (režím) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Azerbaijani: rejim
→ Kazakh: режим (rejim)

(politics) kind of political system; regimen


couronne

Inherited from Old French corone, inherited from Latin corōna, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē).


cellule

→ Persian: سلول (sellul)


négationniste

fr-noun

négationniste m or f by sense (plural négationnistes)

(politics, philosophy) denialist, denier, negationist


Marianne

(France, politics, philosophy) Marianne; a personification of France


flic

flic m (plural flics, feminine fliquesse)

From earlier flique, probably a borrowing of German Flick, German criminal slang for "young man".
Alternatively, from earlier fligue, short for earlier fligman, a borrowing of German Fliege (“policeman”, literally “fly”). More at English fly.

bor

(slang, derogatory) copper, pig, rozzer; (police officer)


modus operandi

fr-noun

modus operandi m (plural modus operandi)


RE

(French politics) Abbreviation of Renaissance.


FDIC

(Morocco, politics) Abbreviation of Front pour la défense des institutions constitutionnelles.


TVA

taxe sur la valeur ajoutée
taxe sur la valeur ajoutée#French

(taxation) Initialism of taxe sur la valeur ajoutée: VAT (value-added tax)


ACC

(Senegal, politics) Abbreviation of Alliance pour la conscience citoyenne.


CPM

première ministre
première ministre#French

(government, Westministerian Parliament) PMO (Prime Minister's Office); Initialism of cabinet de la première ministre f.

premier ministre
premier ministre#French

(government, Westministerian Parliament) PMO (Prime Minister's Office); Initialism of cabinet du premier ministre m.


kapo

Borrowed from German Kapo, from Italian capo.


UG

(French politics) Abbreviation of union de la gauche.


département

Haitian Creole: depatman

→ Catalan: departament

→ Danish: departement

→ English: département

→ Finnish: departementti

→ Galician: departamento

→ Moore: departma

→ Portuguese: departamento

→ Romanian: departament

→ Spanish: departamento

→ Persian: دپارتمان (depârtemân)

→ Turkish: departman

Inherited from Old French departement, from departir + -ment.


parti

→ Afar: bartí

→ Turkish: parti


sceptre

Borrowed from Latin scēptrum, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek σκῆπτρον (skêptron).


confinement

être en confinement


realpolitik

Borrowed from German Realpolitik. [from 19th century]


IDS

Initialism of Initiative de défense stratégique (“Strategic Defense Initiative”): SDI


peacekeeper

(Canada, law enforcement) peacekeeper (peace officer from an aboriginal Canadian community)


pompier

pompier m (plural pompiers, feminine pompière)


SOC

Parti socialiste
w:fr:Parti socialiste (France)

(French politics) Abbreviation of Parti socialiste (“Socialist Party”).


portefeuille

→ Danish: portefølje

→ Dutch: portefeuille

→ German: Portefeuille

→ Limburgish: portefui

→ Norwegian Bokmål: portefølje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: portefølje

→ Polish: portfel

→ Portuguese: porta-fólio

→ Russian: портфе́ль (portfélʹ)

→ Romanian: portofel

→ Swedish: portfölj

→ Turkish: portföy

→ Ukrainian: портфе́ль (portfélʹ)

→ West Frisian: portefúlje

From porte (“carry”, third person singular indicative) + feuille (“sheet, paper”). Cognate with Italian portafoglio (whence French portfolio).


maharaja

fr-noun

maharaja m (plural maharajas, feminine maharani)


fourchette

Mon oncle était une fourchette réputée.


sultan

sultan m (plural sultans, feminine sultane)

→ Faroese: sultánur

→ Portuguese: sultão

Inherited from Middle French sultan (“ruler of a Muslim state”), from Ottoman Turkish سلطان. See English sultan for more.


Brazzaville

Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza
fr:Brazzaville

From Brazza + ville (“city”). Named after Italian-French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (1852–1905), who officially founded the settlement in 1880 [from 1880].

named-after

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

(metonymically, politics) The government of the Republic of the Congo.


stal

(communism, derogatory) A Stalinist, a Marxist-Leninist.

(by extension, communism, derogatory) A communist regardless of their ideology.

(by extension, politics, derogatory) A far-left person.


stal

(communism, derogatory) Stalinist, Marxist-Leninist.

(by extension, communism, derogatory) Communist.

(by extension, politics, derogatory) Far-left


président

fr-noun

président m (plural présidents, feminine présidente)

présidents (plural)
présidente (feminine)

desctree

→ German: Präsident
→ Polish: prezydent
→ Kashubian: prezydent
→ Silesian: prezydynt

→ Romanian: prezident

→ Russian: президент (prezident), президе́нтъ (prezidént) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Azerbaijani: prezident
→ Kazakh: президент (prezident)
→ Kildin Sami: президент (prjezidjent)
→ Tuvan: президент (prezident)
→ Turkmen: prezident
→ Uzbek: prezident

Learned borrowing from Latin praesidentem.

lbor

Voici le nouveau président de l’association.

This is the new president of the association.


droite

Feminine form of droit. Compare Catalan dreta, Italian dritta, Portuguese direita, Spanish derecha, Romanian dreapta.

(politics, uncountable) the right, right wing


adopter

adopter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
adoptant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
adopté (participle past)
adopte (first-person indicative present singular)
adoptes (indicative present second-person singular)
adopte (indicative present singular third-person)
adoptons (first-person indicative plural present)
adoptez (indicative plural present second-person)
adoptent (indicative plural present third-person)
adoptais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
adoptais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
adoptait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
adoptions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
adoptiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
adoptaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
adoptai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
adoptas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
adopta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
adoptâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
adoptâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
adoptèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
adopterai (first-person future indicative singular)
adopteras (future indicative second-person singular)
adoptera (future indicative singular third-person)
adopterons (first-person future indicative plural)
adopterez (future indicative plural second-person)
adopteront (future indicative plural third-person)
adopterais (conditional first-person singular)
adopterais (conditional second-person singular)
adopterait (conditional singular third-person)
adopterions (conditional first-person plural)
adopteriez (conditional plural second-person)
adopteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
adopte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
adoptes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
adopte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
adoptions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
adoptiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
adoptent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
adoptasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
adoptasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
adoptât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
adoptassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
adoptassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
adoptassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
adopte (imperative second-person singular)
adoptons (first-person imperative plural)
adoptez (imperative plural second-person)


Ancien Régime

From ancien (“former”) + régime (“rule, order”).


balayer

balayer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
balayant (gerund participle present)
balayant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
balayé (participle past)
balayé (participle past)
balaye (first-person indicative present singular)
balaie (first-person indicative present singular)
balayes (indicative present second-person singular)
balaies (indicative present second-person singular)
balaye (indicative present singular third-person)
balaie (indicative present singular third-person)
balayons (first-person indicative plural present)
balayons (first-person indicative plural present)
balayez (indicative plural present second-person)
balayez (indicative plural present second-person)
balayent (indicative plural present third-person)
balaient (indicative plural present third-person)
balayais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
balayais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
balayais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
balayais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
balayait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
balayait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
balayions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
balayiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
balayaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
balayaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
balayai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
balayai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
balayas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
balayas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
balaya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
balaya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
balayâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
balayâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
balayâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
balayâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
balayèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
balayèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
balayerai (first-person future indicative singular)
balaierai (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
/ba.le.ʁe/ (first-person future indicative singular)
balayeras (future indicative second-person singular)
balaieras (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁa/ (future indicative second-person singular)
balayera (future indicative singular third-person)
balaiera (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
/ba.le.ʁa/ (future indicative singular third-person)
balayerons (first-person future indicative plural)
balaierons (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
/ba.le.ʁɔ̃/ (first-person future indicative plural)
balayerez (future indicative plural second-person)
balaierez (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
/ba.le.ʁe/ (future indicative plural second-person)
balayeront (future indicative plural third-person)
balaieront (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɔ̃/ (future indicative plural third-person)
balayerais (conditional first-person singular)
balaierais (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional first-person singular)
balayerais (conditional second-person singular)
balaierais (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional second-person singular)
balayerait (conditional singular third-person)
balaierait (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional singular third-person)
balayerions (conditional first-person plural)
balaierions (conditional first-person plural)
/ba.lɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ (conditional first-person plural)
balayeriez (conditional plural second-person)
balaieriez (conditional plural second-person)
/ba.lɛ.jə.ʁje/ (conditional plural second-person)
balayeraient (conditional plural third-person)
balaieraient (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.lɛj.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.lɛ.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
/ba.le.ʁɛ/ (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
balaye (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balaie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balayes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
balaies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
balaye (present singular subjunctive third-person)
balaie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
balayions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
balayiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
balayent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
balaient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
balayasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balayasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balayasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balayasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balayât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
balayât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
balayassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
balayassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
balayassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
balayassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
balayassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balayassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balaye (imperative second-person singular)
balaie (imperative second-person singular)
balayons (first-person imperative plural)
balayons (first-person imperative plural)
balayez (imperative plural second-person)
balayez (imperative plural second-person)


investiture

Inherited from Middle French, borrowed from Medieval Latin investītūra. Displaced Old French envesture.


princesse

fr-noun

princesse f (plural princesses, masculine prince)

→ Catalan: princesa

desctree

→ Danish: prinsesse
Faroese: prinsessa
Icelandic: prinsessa

→ Ottoman Turkish: پرَنْسَس (prenses)

Turkish: prenses

→ Persian: پرَنسِس (peranses)

→ Portuguese: princesa

→ Spanish: princesa

→ Swedish: prinsessa
→ Finnish: prinsessa


république

→ Danish: republik

→ Dutch: republiek

Afrikaans: republiek

→ English: republic

→ German: Republik

→ Norwegian: republikk

→ Polish: republika

→ Swedish: republik

→ Yiddish: רעפּובליק (republik)

Inherited from Middle French republique (“republic”), borrowed from Latin rēspūblica, from rēs (“thing”) + pūblica (“public”).

inh+

Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques


gendarme

→ Catalan: gendarme

→ Czech: žandarm

→ English: gendarme

→ Franco-Provençal: g·endârme

→ Galician: xendarme

→ German: Gendarm
→ Polish: szendar

→ Italian: gendarme

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ژاندارمه (jandarma), ժանտարմա (jandarma) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: jandarma
→ Armenian: ժանտարմա (žantarma)
→ Laz: ჯანდამა (candama), ჟანდამა (jandama) — Arkabi, ჟანდარმა (jandarma) — Akçakoca, ჯანდარმა (candarma)

→ Persian: ژاندرم (žândarm)

→ Polish: żandarm

→ Portuguese: gendarme

→ Romanian: jandarm

→ Russian: жандарм (žandarm)
→ Armenian: ժանդարմ (žandarm)
→ Georgian: ჟანდარმი (žandarmi)
→ Turkmen: žandarm
→ Uyghur: ژاندارما (zhandarma)

→ Spanish: gendarme

→ Ukrainian: жандарм (žandarm)

Singular extracted from plural gendarmes, which arose as a re-spelling of gens d’armes (“people of arms", "armed people”).

a member of the gendarmerie, a military body charged with police duties


souverain

fr-adj

souverain (feminine souveraine, masculine plural souverains, feminine plural souveraines)

souveraine (feminine)
souverains (masculine plural)
souveraines (feminine plural)

→ Danish: suveræn

→ German: souverän

→ Romanian: suveran

Inherited from Old French soverain, from Vulgar Latin *superānus, from Latin super. Compare Italian sovrano; Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish soberano.


souverain

→ Danish: suveræn

→ German: Souverän

→ Romanian: suveran

→ Russian: суверен (suveren)


trône

→ Romanian: tron

Inherited from Middle French throne, from Old French trosne, trone, from Latin thronus, from Ancient Greek θρόνος (thrónos, “chair”, “throne”).

der

Il s’est approché du trône respectueusement. ― He approached the throne reverently.

Le gamin est sur le trône.


circo

Une circo de perdue, une de gagnée, et un pari manqué pour le RN, qui espérait décrocher la dernière des circonscriptions qui lui avait échappé en 2022 pour s’arroger les cinq fauteuils vauclusiens dans l’Hémicycle.

2024 July 8, Romain Cantenot, “Le RN perd Avignon mais conforte son ancrage”, in La Provence, page 7:

(colloquial, politics) Clipping of circonscription (“electoral district”).


capitalisme

desc

καπιταλισμός

→ Greek: καπιταλισμός (kapitalismós)

→ Turkish: kapitalizm


étudiant·es

étudiant·e·s

(neologism, often proscribed) Used in certain forms of gender-neutral writing either before or around the feminine suffix, to avoid both the use of the masculine as the default form and the verbosity of writing out both the masculine and feminine forms.


neutre

Inherited from Old French neutre, from Latin neuter.


à point

rien ne sert de courir, il faut partir à point

Quand on se trouvait devant un suspect qui n’était pas à point, on le mettait en glacière. Après une heure ou deux il était souvent un peu plus loquace.

When faced with a suspect who wasn't ready, we'd put him in the cooler. After an hour or two he was often a little more talkative.

(figuratively, law enforcement) softened up (of a suspect)


royaume

Inherited from Old French reaume, realme, a derivative of real, or from an alteration (with influence from royal) of Old French reiame, from Latin regimine. Compare régime.

il y a quelque chose de pourri au royaume du Danemark


gendarmerie

the military branch of the French police service


chef-lieu

Haitian Creole: chèflye

a city, town, or village that serves as the administrative centre of an area, in various French-speaking countries


Yvette

J’ai enchaîné en disant que j’étais une Yvette, que nous étions toutes des Yvettes à cause de l’éducation que nous avons reçue. Improvisant devant sept cent cinquante personnes, j’ai ajouté que Claude Ryan, si on en jugeait par ses propos et ses attitudes, serait le genre d’homme à vouloir que les femmes restent des Yvettes et… maladresse des maladresses, j’ai ajouté : « Il est d’ailleurs marié à une Yvette. »

2010 [1982], Lise Payette, Le pouvoir ? Connais pas!, Athéna éditions, →ISBN, page 88:

I went on to say that I was an Yvette, that we were all Yvettes because of the way we were brought up. Improvising in front of seven hundred and fifty people, I added that Claude Ryan, if one were to judge by his comments and his attitudes, seemed the kind of man who would want women to remain Yvettes, and… I made the blunder of all blunders by adding, "What's more, he's married to an Yvette."

(Quebec, politics, derogatory, dated) Yvette (Federalist-voting French Quebecois housewife)


comté

Inherited from Middle French comté, conté, from Old French conté (a feminine word, as can be seen in Franche-Comté). Morphologically, from comte + -é. Compare Medieval Latin comitātus.


Parti Québécois

(Canadian politics) a separatist left-leaning Québec political party


accise

desctree

→ Russian: акциз (akciz), акци́зъ (akcíz) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Georgian: აქციზი (akcizi)


ONU

Organisation des Nations Unies
Organisation des Nations Unies#French

(politics, government) Initialism of Organisation des Nations Unies = UNO; often used for UN (United Nations)


Poutine

Пу́тин Путин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Пу́тин (Pútin)


cordon sanitaire

fr-noun

cordon sanitaire m (plural cordons sanitaires)

→ Catalan: cordó sanitari (calque)

→ Dutch: cordon sanitaire

→ English: cordon sanitaire

(Belgium, politics, figuratively) The agreement amongst Belgian political parties to not govern with the party Vlaams Belang.


arroser

arroser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
arrosant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
arrosé (participle past)
arrose (first-person indicative present singular)
arroses (indicative present second-person singular)
arrose (indicative present singular third-person)
arrosons (first-person indicative plural present)
arrosez (indicative plural present second-person)
arrosent (indicative plural present third-person)
arrosais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
arrosais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
arrosait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
arrosions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
arrosiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
arrosaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
arrosai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
arrosas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
arrosa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
arrosâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
arrosâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
arrosèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
arroserai (first-person future indicative singular)
arroseras (future indicative second-person singular)
arrosera (future indicative singular third-person)
arroserons (first-person future indicative plural)
arroserez (future indicative plural second-person)
arroseront (future indicative plural third-person)
arroserais (conditional first-person singular)
arroserais (conditional second-person singular)
arroserait (conditional singular third-person)
arroserions (conditional first-person plural)
arroseriez (conditional plural second-person)
arroseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
arrose (first-person present singular subjunctive)
arroses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
arrose (present singular subjunctive third-person)
arrosions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
arrosiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
arrosent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
arrosasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
arrosasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
arrosât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
arrosassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
arrosassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
arrosassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
arrose (imperative second-person singular)
arrosons (first-person imperative plural)
arrosez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *arrōsāre, from Latin rōs (“dew”).


sultane

sultana (female sultan or consort of a sultan)


bourre

Inherited from Old French boure, borre, from Late Latin burra (“coarse fabric or material”).

inh

(uncountable) any material used for stuffing

(textile, uncountable) waste from hackling or spinning of wool or silk; linters, flock


coup d'État

coup d’ État (canonical masculine)
coups d’État (plural)

desctree

→ English: coup d'état
→ Bengali: কুদেতা (kudeta)
→ Cebuano: kudeta
→ Japanese: クーデター (kūdetā)
→ Korean: 쿠데타 (kudeta)
→ Malay: kudeta / کوديتا
Indonesian: kudeta
→ Tagalog: kudeta

→ Persian: کودتا (kudetâ)

→ Albanian: grusht shteti (calque)

→ Asturian: golpe d'estáu (calque)

→ Catalan: cop d'estat (calque)

→ Galician: golpe de estado (calque)

→ German: Staatsstreich (calque)
→ Hungarian: államcsíny (calque)

desc

→ Greek: πραξικόπημα (praxikópima) (calque)

→ Italian: colpo di stato (calque)

→ Khmer: រដ្ឋប្រហារ (rŏət prɑɑhaa) (calque)

→ Lao: ຣັຖປະຫານ (rat pa hān) (calque)

→ Norwegian: statskupp (calque)

→ Polish: zamach stanu (calque)

→ Portuguese: golpe de estado (calque)

→ Romanian: lovitură de stat (calque)

→ Spanish: golpe de estado (calque)

→ Swedish: statskupp (calque)

→ Thai: รัฐประหาร (rát-tà-bprà-hǎan) (calque)

→ Turkish: devlet darbesi (calque)


fr-phrase

prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous

Calque of German Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt euch.

clq

workers of the world, unite
workers of the world, unite


taxe sur la valeur ajoutée

fr-noun

taxe sur la valeur ajoutée f (uncountable)

LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-taxe sur la valeur ajoutée.wav


écrou

Inherited from Middle French escrou (“scrap, strip of parchment, scroll”), from Old French escroe, from Old Dutch *skrōda (“end, flap”) (compare Middle Dutch scrōde), from Proto-Germanic *skrudaz, derivative of Proto-Germanic *skrudaną (compare Dutch schrooien (“to shred”)). Cognate with English escrow, scroll.

inh+

a prison register, prison admission form


règne

Inherited from Middle French regne, from Old French regne, borrowed from Latin rēgnum.

reign, ruling, rule (period of reigning or ruling)


dictature

Borrowed from Latin dictātūra, from dictō.


principauté

Learned borrowing from Latin principālitās. Morphologically, from principal + -té. Doublet of principalité.

lbor

principauté de Monaco

principauté de Liège

principality (region or sovereign nation headed by a prince or princess)


circonscription

fr-noun

circonscription f (plural circonscriptions)

Borrowed from Latin circumscriptiōnem. Compare Italian circoscrizione.

(politics) electoral district, constituency, riding


LR

(French politics) Initialism of Les Républicains.


empereur

empereur m (plural empereurs, feminine impératrice)

empereurs (plural)
impératrice (feminine)

From Middle French empereur, from Old French empereor, from Latin imperātōrem.


impératrice

impératrice f (plural impératrices, masculine empereur)

impératrices (plural)
empereur (masculine)

Borrowed from Latin imperātrīcem. Compare Old French empereriz.


COM

Parti communiste français
w:fr:Parti communiste français

(French politics) Abbreviation of Parti communiste français (“French Communist Party”).


pharaon

→ Khmer: ផារ៉ោន (phaaraon)

pharaoh (supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)


Moyen-Orient

(geopolitics) Middle East (region comprising West Asia without the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt (not just the Sinai) and all of Turkey (not just Asian Turkey)


chef de file

LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-chef de file.wav


état-major

From état (“group, college”) + major (“main, principal”).

af

(politics) administrative staff (body of staff that administers a political party)


interpeller

interpeller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
interpellant (gerund participle present)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɑ̃/ (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
interpellé (participle past)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.le/ (participle past)
interpelle (first-person indicative present singular)
interpelles (indicative present second-person singular)
interpelle (indicative present singular third-person)
interpellons (first-person indicative plural present)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɔ̃/ (first-person indicative plural present)
interpellez (indicative plural present second-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.le/ (indicative plural present second-person)
interpellent (indicative plural present third-person)
interpellais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɛ/ (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
interpellais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɛ/ (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
interpellait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɛ/ (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
interpellions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.ljɔ̃/ (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
interpelliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lje/ (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
interpellaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɛ/ (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
interpellai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.le/ (first-person historic indicative past singular)
interpellas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.la/ (historic indicative past second-person singular)
interpella (historic indicative past singular third-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.la/ (historic indicative past singular third-person)
interpellâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lam/ (first-person historic indicative past plural)
interpellâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lat/ (historic indicative past plural second-person)
interpellèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɛʁ/ (historic indicative past plural third-person)
interpellerai (first-person future indicative singular)
interpellerai (first-person future indicative singular)
interpelleras (future indicative second-person singular)
interpelleras (future indicative second-person singular)
interpellera (future indicative singular third-person)
interpellera (future indicative singular third-person)
interpellerons (first-person future indicative plural)
interpellerons (first-person future indicative plural)
interpellerez (future indicative plural second-person)
interpellerez (future indicative plural second-person)
interpelleront (future indicative plural third-person)
interpelleront (future indicative plural third-person)
interpellerais (conditional first-person singular)
interpellerais (conditional first-person singular)
interpellerais (conditional second-person singular)
interpellerais (conditional second-person singular)
interpellerait (conditional singular third-person)
interpellerait (conditional singular third-person)
interpellerions (conditional first-person plural)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ (conditional first-person plural)
interpelleriez (conditional plural second-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lə.ʁje/ (conditional plural second-person)
interpelleraient (conditional plural third-person)
interpelleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
interpelle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
interpelles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
interpelle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
interpellions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.ljɔ̃/ (first-person plural present subjunctive)
interpelliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lje/ (plural present second-person subjunctive)
interpellent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
interpellasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.las/ (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
interpellasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.las/ (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
interpellât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.la/ (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
interpellassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.la.sjɔ̃/ (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
interpellassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.la.sje/ (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
interpellassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.las/ (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
interpelle (imperative second-person singular)
interpellons (first-person imperative plural)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.lɔ̃/ (first-person imperative plural)
interpellez (imperative plural second-person)
/ɛ̃.tɛʁ.pə.le/ (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Latin interpellāre, from interpellō (“to interrupt, to hinder”). Compare Italian interpellare, Spanish and Portuguese interpelar, English interpellate.

(politics) to interpellate (question formally concerning official or governmental policy)


colistier

fr-noun

colistier m (plural colistiers, feminine colistière)

colistiers (plural)
colistière (feminine)

(politics) a fellow-candidate on a party list; running mate


prétendant

prétendant m (plural prétendants, feminine prétendante)

prétendants (plural)
prétendante (feminine)

Leurs petites rentes les rendaient exigeants et les poussaient à rêver pour leur fille unique un prétendant extraordinaire.

1877, Marius Roux, Eugénie Lamour, page 237:

Their small income made them exacting and pushed them to dream of an extraordinary suitor for their only daughter.


saisine

Apparently a feminine form of Old French seisin.


GRC

Gendarmerie Royale du Canada
w:fr:Gendarmerie Royale du Canada

(law enforcement, Canada) Initialism of Gendarmerie Royale du Canada (“Royal Canadian Mounted Police”): RCMP


communiste

From commun (“common, communal”) + -iste (“-ist”).


communiste

fr-noun

communiste m or f by sense (plural communistes)

→ English: communist

→ Turkish: komünist

→ Persian: کمونیست (komunist)


policier

policier m (plural policiers, feminine policière)


trotskisme

Trotskyism (the political philosophy named after Leon Trotsky)


député

député m (plural députés, feminine députée)


prisonnier

prisonnier m (plural prisonniers, feminine prisonnière)

prisonniers (plural)
prisonnière (feminine)


trêve

Attested in Old French as trieve, treve, from Frankish *treuwu, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō (“fidelity; pledge”). Cognate with Dutch trouw, German Treue, English truce. More at true, truce.


razzia

→ Catalan: ràtzia

→ Czech: razie

→ Danish: razzia

→ Dutch: razzia

→ Indonesian: razia

→ English: razzia

→ Finnish: ratsia

→ German: Razzia

→ Hungarian: razzia

→ Italian: razzia

→ Portuguese: razia

→ Spanish: razia

→ Swedish: razzia

From earlier razia (1830), gazia (1808), borrowed from Algerian Arabic غَزِيَّة (ḡaziya), classical Arabic غَزْوَة (ḡazwa, “raid, military campaign”). Compare Portuguese gazia.


féodalisme

→ Turkish: feodalizm

(history, economics, politics) feudalism


PQ

(Canadian politics) Initialism of Parti Québécois


extincteur

Borrowed from Latin exstinctor. See éteindre + -teur.


négus

Borrowed from Amharic ንጉሥ (nəguś, “king”).

bor+

(historical) Negus (supreme Ethiopian ruler)


serrer

serrer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
serrant (gerund participle present)
serrant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
serré (participle past)
serré (participle past)
serre (first-person indicative present singular)
serres (indicative present second-person singular)
serre (indicative present singular third-person)
serrons (first-person indicative plural present)
serrons (first-person indicative plural present)
serrez (indicative plural present second-person)
serrez (indicative plural present second-person)
serrent (indicative plural present third-person)
serrais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
serrais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
serrais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
serrais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
serrait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
serrait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
serrions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
serrions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
serriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
serriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
serraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
serraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
serrai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
serrai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
serras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
serras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
serra (historic indicative past singular third-person)
serra (historic indicative past singular third-person)
serrâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
serrâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
serrâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
serrâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
serrèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
serrèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
serrerai (first-person future indicative singular)
serrerai (first-person future indicative singular)
serreras (future indicative second-person singular)
serreras (future indicative second-person singular)
serrera (future indicative singular third-person)
serrera (future indicative singular third-person)
serrerons (first-person future indicative plural)
serrerons (first-person future indicative plural)
serrerez (future indicative plural second-person)
serrerez (future indicative plural second-person)
serreront (future indicative plural third-person)
serreront (future indicative plural third-person)
serrerais (conditional first-person singular)
serrerais (conditional first-person singular)
serrerais (conditional second-person singular)
serrerais (conditional second-person singular)
serrerait (conditional singular third-person)
serrerait (conditional singular third-person)
serrerions (conditional first-person plural)
serrerions (conditional first-person plural)
serreriez (conditional plural second-person)
serreriez (conditional plural second-person)
serreraient (conditional plural third-person)
serreraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
serre (first-person present singular subjunctive)
serres (present second-person singular subjunctive)
serre (present singular subjunctive third-person)
serrions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
serrions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
serriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
serriez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
serrent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
serrasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
serrasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
serrasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
serrasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
serrât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
serrât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
serrassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
serrassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
serrassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
serrassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
serrassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
serrassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
serre (imperative second-person singular)
serrons (first-person imperative plural)
serrons (first-person imperative plural)
serrez (imperative plural second-person)
serrez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French serrer, from Vulgar Latin *serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serāre (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, crossbar”).

(slang, law enforcement, transitive) to pinch (to arrest, apprehend someone)


corrompre

corrompre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
corrompant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
corrompu (participle past)
corromps (first-person indicative present singular)
corromps (indicative present second-person singular)
corrompt (indicative present singular third-person)
corrompons (first-person indicative plural present)
corrompez (indicative plural present second-person)
corrompent (indicative plural present third-person)
corrompais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
corrompais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
corrompait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
corrompions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
corrompiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
corrompaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
corrompis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
corrompis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
corrompit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
corrompîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
corrompîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
corrompirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
corromprai (first-person future indicative singular)
corrompras (future indicative second-person singular)
corrompra (future indicative singular third-person)
corromprons (first-person future indicative plural)
corromprez (future indicative plural second-person)
corrompront (future indicative plural third-person)
corromprais (conditional first-person singular)
corromprais (conditional second-person singular)
corromprait (conditional singular third-person)
corromprions (conditional first-person plural)
corrompriez (conditional plural second-person)
corrompraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
corrompe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
corrompes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
corrompe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
corrompions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
corrompiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
corrompent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
corrompisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
corrompisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
corrompît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
corrompissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
corrompissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
corrompissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
corromps (imperative second-person singular)
corrompons (first-person imperative plural)
corrompez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French corrompre, borrowed from Latin corrumpere (based on rompre).


tyrannie

Learned borrowing from Late Latin tyrannia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek τυραννία (turannía). By surface analysis, tyran + -ie.


incarcérer

incarcérer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
incarcérant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
incarcéré (participle past)
incarcère (first-person indicative present singular)
incarcères (indicative present second-person singular)
incarcère (indicative present singular third-person)
incarcérons (first-person indicative plural present)
incarcérez (indicative plural present second-person)
incarcèrent (indicative plural present third-person)
incarcérais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
incarcérais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
incarcérait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
incarcérions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
incarcériez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
incarcéraient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
incarcérai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
incarcéras (historic indicative past second-person singular)
incarcéra (historic indicative past singular third-person)
incarcérâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
incarcérâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
incarcérèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
incarcèrerai (first-person future indicative singular)
incarcérerai (first-person future indicative singular)
incarcèreras (future indicative second-person singular)
incarcéreras (future indicative second-person singular)
incarcèrera (future indicative singular third-person)
incarcérera (future indicative singular third-person)
incarcèrerons (first-person future indicative plural)
incarcérerons (first-person future indicative plural)
incarcèrerez (future indicative plural second-person)
incarcérerez (future indicative plural second-person)
incarcèreront (future indicative plural third-person)
incarcéreront (future indicative plural third-person)
incarcèrerais (conditional first-person singular)
incarcérerais (conditional first-person singular)
incarcèrerais (conditional second-person singular)
incarcérerais (conditional second-person singular)
incarcèrerait (conditional singular third-person)
incarcérerait (conditional singular third-person)
incarcèrerions (conditional first-person plural)
incarcérerions (conditional first-person plural)
incarcèreriez (conditional plural second-person)
incarcéreriez (conditional plural second-person)
incarcèreraient (conditional plural third-person)
incarcéreraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
incarcère (first-person present singular subjunctive)
incarcères (present second-person singular subjunctive)
incarcère (present singular subjunctive third-person)
incarcérions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
incarcériez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
incarcèrent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
incarcérasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
incarcérasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
incarcérât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
incarcérassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
incarcérassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
incarcérassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
incarcère (imperative second-person singular)
incarcérons (first-person imperative plural)
incarcérez (imperative plural second-person)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin incarcerāre, incarcerō.


triangulaire

Coordinate term: quadrangulaire

Le camp présidentiel s’interroge sur sa stratégie de second tour dans les cas de triangulaire face au Rassemblement national, et devrait arrêter définitivement sa ligne dimanche soir.

2024 June 29, Claire Gatinois, “Emmanuel Macron face à un choix historique : quelle attitude à adopter au second tour avec le RN ?”, in Le Monde.fr:

(chiefly politics) three-way race, struggle etc.


GG

(politics) Abbreviation of gouverneur-générale (“governor-general”).


GG

(politics) Abbreviation of gouverneure-générale (“female governor-general”).


médiateur

fr-noun

médiateur m (plural médiateurs, feminine médiatrice)

médiateurs (plural)
médiatrice (feminine)

Borrowed from Latin mediātōrem. Doublet of médiator.


NPD

Nouveau Parti démocratique
Nouveau Parti démocratique#French

New Democratic Party
New Democratic Party

(Canada) NDP; initialism of Nouveau Parti démocratique (“New Democratic Party”).


taule

Alternative form of tôle (a dialectal form of table), which acquired a special meaning. Doublet of tôle and table.


centriste

centriste m or f by sense (plural centristes)

→ English: centrist


questeur

questeur m (plural questeurs, feminine questeuse or questeure or questrice)

questeurs (plural)
questeuse (feminine)
questeure (feminine)
questrice (feminine)

Les questeurs de la Chambre des députés

The quaestors of the Chamber of Representatives

(politics) in political assemblies, a member charged with administration and budget management


congrès

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قونغره (kongre)
Turkish: kongre

→ Persian: کنگره (kongre)

desc

→ Ukrainian: конгре́с (konhrés), конґре́с (kongrés)


lamartinien

fr-adj

lamartinien (feminine lamartinienne, masculine plural lamartiniens, feminine plural lamartiniennes)

lamartinienne (feminine)
lamartiniens (masculine plural)
lamartiniennes (feminine plural)

→ English: Lamartinian

From Lamartine + -ien, after Alphonse de Lamartine.


fascisme

→ Persian: فاشیسم (fâšism)

fascism, an extreme-right totalitarian political regime/ideology


Chambre des communes

fr-noun

Chambre des communes f (plural Chambres des communes)


Assemblée nationale

Assemblée nationale f (plural Assemblées nationales)


gouverneur général

gouverneur général m (plural gouverneurs généraux, feminine gouverneure générale)

gouverneurs généraux (plural)
gouverneure générale (feminine)


Gouverneure générale

fr-proper noun

Gouverneure générale f (masculine Gouverneur générale)

gouverneure générale
gouverneure générale

(politics) gouverneure générale — the Governor General


Gouverneur générale

Gouverneur générale m (feminine Gouverneure générale)

(politics) gouverneur générale — the Governor General


proroger

proroger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
prorogeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
prorogé (participle past)
proroge (first-person indicative present singular)
proroges (indicative present second-person singular)
proroge (indicative present singular third-person)
prorogeons (first-person indicative plural present)
prorogez (indicative plural present second-person)
prorogent (indicative plural present third-person)
prorogeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
prorogeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
prorogeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
prorogions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
prorogiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
prorogeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
prorogeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
prorogeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
prorogea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
prorogeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
prorogeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
prorogèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
prorogerai (first-person future indicative singular)
prorogeras (future indicative second-person singular)
prorogera (future indicative singular third-person)
prorogerons (first-person future indicative plural)
prorogerez (future indicative plural second-person)
prorogeront (future indicative plural third-person)
prorogerais (conditional first-person singular)
prorogerais (conditional second-person singular)
prorogerait (conditional singular third-person)
prorogerions (conditional first-person plural)
prorogeriez (conditional plural second-person)
prorogeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
proroge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
proroges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
proroge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
prorogions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
prorogiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
prorogent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
prorogeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
prorogeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
prorogeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prorogeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
prorogeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prorogeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
proroge (imperative second-person singular)
prorogeons (first-person imperative plural)
prorogez (imperative plural second-person)


bloquiste

fr-noun

bloquiste m or f by sense (plural bloquistes)

(Canadian politics) a member of the Bloc Québécois, a Bloquiste


bloquiste

(Canadian politics, relational) of the Bloc Québécois, Bloquiste


souverainiste

souverainiste m or f by sense (plural souverainistes)


séparatiste

séparatiste m or f by sense (plural séparatistes)


indépendantiste

(politics, relational) independence; separatist


indépendantiste

indépendantiste m or f by sense (plural indépendantistes)


BQ

(initialism, Canada, politics) Bloc Québécois—a political party of Canada


PCC

Parti conservateur du Canada
w:fr:Parti conservateur du Canada

Initialism of Parti conservateur du Canada (“CPC”).

Parti communiste chinois
w:fr:Parti communiste chinois

Initialism of Parti communiste chinois (“CPC”).


PLQ

Parti libéral du Québec
Parti libéral du Québec#French

(Canadian politics) Initialism of Parti libéral du Québec (“Quebec Liberal Party”).


ADQ

Action démocratique du Québec
Action démocratique du Québec

(Canadian politics) Action démocratique du Québec (a political party in Quebec)


péquiste

péquiste m or f by sense (plural péquistes)

(Canadian politics) a member or supporter of the Parti Québécois


péquiste

(Canadian politics, relational) of the Parti Québécois


adéquiste

adéquiste m or f by sense (plural adéquistes)

(Canadian politics) a member of Action démocratique du Québec


adéquiste

Bien des éléments suggèrent un rapprochement entre la culture réformiste de l’Ouest et la culture adéquiste...

2007, Frédéric Boily, Stephen Harper: de l'École de Calgary au Parti conservateur:

Many elements suggest a reconciliation between the Western reformist culture and that of the Action démocratique du Québec...

(Canadian politics, relational) of Action démocratique du Québec


Action démocratique du Québec

l’Action démocratique du Québec (canonical feminine)

(Canadian politics) a conservative autonomist political party in Québec


Action démocratique

(Canadian politics) Action démocratique du Québec


émir

Inherited from Middle French and Old French emir, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr).


pervenche

From Late Latin pervinca, in vinca pervinca (“periwinkle”), apparently originally a magical formula. Traffic wardens are so called from the colour of their uniforms.


levée d'écrou

levée d’ écrou (canonical feminine)
levées d’écrou (plural)


pur et dur

fr-adj

pur et dur (feminine pure et dure, masculine plural purs et durs, feminine plural pures et dures)

pure et dure (feminine)
purs et durs (masculine plural)
pures et dures (feminine plural)

LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-pur et dur.wav

un traditionalisme pur et dur

(chiefly politics) extreme, hard-line, uncompromising

Coordinate term: pure laine

(Canadian politics) pur et dur (being a hardliner of the Quebec independence movement)


hémicycle

Learned borrowing from Latin hēmicyclium, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἡμικύκλιον (hēmikúklion).

lbor

(politics) the benches of the French National Assembly or a foreign parliamentary setting similarly configured


dynastie

From Late Latin dynastia, from Ancient Greek δυναστεία (dunasteía, “power, dominion”).


groupuscule

Catalan: grupuscle

English: groupuscule

Italian: gruppuscolo

Spanish: grupúsculo

From groupe + -cule, modeled after minuscule.

un groupuscule d’extrême droite

En France, même s’il n’est pas passé à l’action, on peut citer le groupuscule AFO (action des forces opérationnelles) démantelé cet été qui projetait de s’en prendre à des musulmans.

2019 March 15, Timothée Boutry, “Attentat de Christchurch : «Une montée de la violence d’extrême droite»”, in Le Parisien:

(derogatory) groupuscule (small political group)


bagne

Borrowed from Italian bagno. Doublet of bain.

penal colony; prison where prisoners are forced to labour


raison d'État

raison d’ État (canonical feminine)
raisons d’État (plural)

→ English: raison d'état

→ German: Staatsräson (calque)

→ Polish: racja stanu (calque)

La raison d’État constitue l’excuse parfaite pour tout abus politique

State interests are the perfect excuse for all political abuses.

(politics) raison d'état; a state interest, especially when invoked as politically superior to moral or even legal considerations


police judiciaire

fr-noun

police judiciaire f (plural polices judiciaires)


flicaille

(collectively, derogatory, slang) cops; pigs; the fuzz (the police)


chancelier

chancelier m (plural chanceliers, feminine chancelière)

chanceliers (plural)
chancelière (feminine)

From Old French chancelier, cancelier, from inherited from Late Latin cancellārius, from Latin cancellus.


impérial

fr-adj

impérial (feminine impériale, masculine plural impériaux, feminine plural impériales)

impériale (feminine)
impériaux (masculine plural)
impériales (feminine plural)


socialisme

desctree

→ Dutch: socialisme
Afrikaans: sosialisme
→ Indonesian: sosialisme

→ Greek: σοσιαλισμός (sosialismós)

→ Persian: سوسیالیسم (sosiyâlism)

→ Piedmontese: sossialism

→ Romanian: socialism

→ Russian: социализм (socializm) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: sosyalizm


vice-président

fr-noun

vice-président m (plural vice-présidents, feminine vice-présidente)

vice-présidents (plural)
vice-présidente (feminine)


nazisme

→ Persian: نازیسم (nâzism)

Nazism (the ideology of Adolf Hitler’s NSDAP)


révisionniste

révisionniste m or f by sense (plural révisionnistes)

→ Turkish: revizyonist

(Marxism, Marxism-Leninism, often derogatory) a revisionist (someone who makes an evolutionary form of Marxism, abandoning some of its principles)


mbila

Borrowed from Kituba mbila (“a summons, a call”).

bor+

J’ai toujours nié, j’ai nié, jamais je ne donnerai de noms à ces mbilas

2016 September 18, Ceelo Squad (lyrics and music), “Tokyo (Freestyle)”:

Kalash Criminel c’est le makila
On passe nos journée à esquiver les mbila

2017 May 9, Kalash Criminel (lyrics and music), “Je ne comprends pas” (track 8), in Oyoki:

Faut l’mili là, bicrave tashem hiya, harba y a les mbila, j’sème la concu dans l’virage

2021 March 5, WZ (BEL) (lyrics and music), “Street West #2”:


anarchisme

→ Persian: آنارشیسم (ânâršism)

From anarchie (“anarchy”) + -isme (“ism”).


étatiste

fr-noun

étatiste m or f by sense (plural étatistes)

→ Finnish: etatisti


étatiste

→ Finnish: etatistinen


aristocratie

Inherited from Middle French aristocratie, borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀριστοκρατίᾱ (aristokratíā, “the rule of the best”).

der

ἀριστοκρατίᾱ


vénal

fr-adj

vénal (feminine vénale, masculine plural vénaux, feminine plural vénales)

vénale (feminine)
vénaux (masculine plural)
vénales (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin vēnālis (“for sale”).

bor+

(of a person, derogatory) available for a price; venal


rexisme

From Latin rex (“king”), suffixed with -isme.


rexiste

From Latin rex (“king”), suffixed with -iste.


modéré

fr-adj

modéré (feminine modérée, masculine plural modérés, feminine plural modérées)

modérée (feminine)
modérés (masculine plural)
modérées (feminine plural)

(philosophy, politics, religion) moderate


marxisme

→ Persian: مارکسیسم (mârksism)

→ Romanian: marxism

→ Turkish: Marksizm


prisonnier de guerre

fr-noun

prisonnier de guerre m (plural prisonniers de guerre, feminine prisonnière de guerre)

prisonniers de guerre (plural)
prisonnière de guerre (feminine)

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-prisonnier de guerre.wav


poulaille

Inherited from Old French polaille, poulaille. By surface analysis, poule + -aille.


référendum

référendum m (plural référendums or référenda)

→ Turkish: referandum

→ Persian: رفراندوم (refrândom)

desc

→ Central Kurdish: ڕیفراندۆم (rîfrandom)


travailliste

Chef du parti travailliste.


électorat

From Latin ēlector (whence électeur) + -at.


féminitude

womynhood (feminist definition of feminity)


argousin

Borrowed from Italian aguzzino, through Sicilian and Neapolitan from Catalan algutzir (and variants) or Spanish alguacil (“Saracen bailiff”), from Arabic الوَزِير (al-wazīr, “the officer”). Doublet of vizir (“vizier”).


royauté

Inherited from Old French roialte. By surface analysis, royal + -té.


régionalisme

fr-noun

régionalisme m (countable and uncountable, plural régionalismes)


glacière

Une heure ou deux en glacière suffisaient souvent à rendre les gens plus loquaces.

An hour or two in the cooler was often enough to make people more talkative.

(figuratively, law enforcement) waiting room (used as a means to soften a suspect)


Komintern

Comintern (international association of Communist parties)


duumvirat

Borrowed from Latin duumvirātus. By surface analysis, duumvir + -at.


comité exécutif

comité exécutif m (plural comités exécutif)

cabinet of ministers
cabinet of ministers

(government, politics, North America) executive committee, the equivalent of the cabinet of ministers for a city government, serving the mayor


autocratie

From Ancient Greek αὐτοκρατία (autokratía, “A system of government by one person with absolute power”), from αὐτός (autós, “single, self, same, alone”) + κράτος (krátos, “power”) + -ία (-ía, “feminine abstract nouns suffix”).


PAF

Abbreviation of police de l’air et des frontières.


police de l'air et des frontières

fr-noun

police de l’air et des frontières f (uncountable)

police de l’ air et des frontières (canonical feminine)


Sûreté du Québec

LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Sûreté du Québec.wav

Sûreté du Québec
Sûreté du Québec#English

(Quebec, law enforcement) Sûreté du Québec


SPVM

(law enforcement) Initialism of Service de police de la Ville de Montréal. SPVM


Sûreté

From the noun sûreté (“safety, security”).

(law enforcement, France) Sûreté Nationale

(law enforcement, Quebec) Sûreté du Québec


SPCUM

(law enforcement) Service de police de la Communauté urbaine de Montréal — SPCUM – the MUC police service, replaced by the SPVM


CUM

Communauté urbaine de Montréal
Communauté urbaine de Montréal

Conseil d'agglomération de Montréal
Conseil d'agglomération de Montréal

Montreal Agglomeration Council
Montreal Agglomeration Council

(government) Communauté urbaine de Montréal — MUC – the supramunicipal level of government for the island of Montreal and several surrounding islands. It was formed in 1970, and in 2002 it was replaced by the CMM. It was reformed in 2006 as the Conseil d'agglomération de Montréal (Montreal Agglomeration Council)


CMM

Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal
Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal

Metropolitan Montreal
Metropolitan Montreal

(government) Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal — MMC – the supramunicipal level of government for Metropolitan Montreal. It was formed in 2002 and replaced the CUM


dualisme

dualisme m (countable and uncountable, plural dualismes)

→ Turkish: düalizm


maître-chien

maître-chien m (plural maîtres-chiens, feminine maîtresse-chien)

maîtres-chiens (plural)
maîtresse-chien (feminine)


policer

policer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
poliçant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
policé (participle past)
police (first-person indicative present singular)
polices (indicative present second-person singular)
police (indicative present singular third-person)
poliçons (first-person indicative plural present)
policez (indicative plural present second-person)
policent (indicative plural present third-person)
poliçais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
poliçais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
poliçait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
policions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
policiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
poliçaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
poliçai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
poliças (historic indicative past second-person singular)
poliça (historic indicative past singular third-person)
poliçâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
poliçâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
policèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
policerai (first-person future indicative singular)
policeras (future indicative second-person singular)
policera (future indicative singular third-person)
policerons (first-person future indicative plural)
policerez (future indicative plural second-person)
policeront (future indicative plural third-person)
policerais (conditional first-person singular)
policerais (conditional second-person singular)
policerait (conditional singular third-person)
policerions (conditional first-person plural)
policeriez (conditional plural second-person)
policeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
police (first-person present singular subjunctive)
polices (present second-person singular subjunctive)
police (present singular subjunctive third-person)
policions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
policiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
policent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
poliçasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
poliçasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
poliçât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
poliçassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
poliçassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
poliçassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
police (imperative second-person singular)
poliçons (first-person imperative plural)
policez (imperative plural second-person)

police (“police”) + -er (infinitive suffix)


pionnier

fr-noun

pionnier m (plural pionniers, feminine pionnière)

From Old French peonier (“infantryman”), from peon (“footman”) (modern French pion), from Latin pedōnem.

Ce même camp d'Artek, paradis pour enfants modèles (...) ce qui fait que je lui préfère de beaucoup d'autres camps de pionniers, plus modestes.

(communism) pioneer, child of 10–16 years in the former Soviet Union, in the second of the three stages in becoming a member of the Communist Party


aryen

fr-adj

aryen (feminine aryenne, masculine plural aryens, feminine plural aryennes)

aryenne (feminine)
aryens (masculine plural)
aryennes (feminine plural)

→ Persian: آریان (âryân)


orateur

fr-noun

orateur m (plural orateurs, feminine oratrice)

(North America, politics, obsolete) Speaker


libéral-démocrate

fr-adj

libéral-démocrate (feminine libérale-démocrate, masculine plural libéraux-démocrates, feminine plural libérales-démocrates)

libérale-démocrate (feminine)
libéraux-démocrates (masculine plural)
libérales-démocrates (feminine plural)


libéral-démocrate

fr-noun

libéral-démocrate m (plural libéraux-démocrates, feminine libérale-démocrate)

libéraux-démocrates (plural)
libérale-démocrate (feminine)


gouvernement de coalition

gouvernement de coalition m (plural gouvernements de coalition)


gouvernement minoritaire

gouvernement minoritaire m (plural gouvernements minoritaire)


sapeur-pompier

sapeur-pompier m (plural sapeurs-pompiers, feminine sapeuse-pompière)

sapeurs-pompiers (plural)
sapeuse-pompière (feminine)

Coordinate term: marin-pompier


garde-côte

garde-côte m or f by sense (plural garde-côtes)

Haitian Creole: gadkòt

Par ailleurs, quatre enfants syriens âgés d’un à quatre ans ont été repêchés morts dans les eaux turques par les garde-côtes, qui ont sauvé 19 passagers eux aussi en route pour Lesbos, selon l’agence de presse Dogan.

2015 October 31, “Migrants : Allemagne restreint les accès à sa frontière avec Autriche”, in Le Monde:

Furthermore, four Syrian children aged between one and four were found dead in Turkish waters by the coast guard, who also saved 19 passengers en route to Lesbos, according to the Dogan News Agency.


antenne de police

antenne de police f (plural antennes de police)

(France, law enforcement) police box (small police station)


mitard

solitary confinement
solitary confinement

hole (place where a prisoner is kept in solitary confinement)


affaires étrangères

ministre des affaires étrangères

foreign minister, minister for foreign affairs


gibier de potence

gibier de potence m (plural gibiers de potence)

Literally, “gallows game”, similar construction to English gallows bird and German Galgenvogel.

Pourrais-je aimer un lâche, un homme sans foi, sans honneur, un gibier de potence ?

Could I love a coward, a man without faith, without honor, a gallows bird?

gallows bird (someone destined for or deserving punishment by hanging)


démocratie participative

démocratie participative f (plural démocraties participatives)

participatory democracy
participatory democracy

participatory democracy (political system)


geôle

Inherited from Middle French geole, from Old French jaiole, from Late Latin caveola (later attested in Medieval Latin as gabiola), a diminutive of Latin cavea. The long vowel (indicated by the circumflex) is due to the elision of the first syllable.


halouf

Borrowed from Arabic حَلُّوف (ḥallūf, “pig”), from Berber.

bor+

pork (bears a religious connotation, since pork bears a negative connotation in Islamic cultures)


Grenelle

Metonymic, after the Grenelle agreements (accords de Grenelle) of May 1968.

(France, politics) summit, committee meeting between the government and trade unions


fliquer

fliquer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
fliquant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
fliqué (participle past)
flique (first-person indicative present singular)
fliques (indicative present second-person singular)
flique (indicative present singular third-person)
fliquons (first-person indicative plural present)
fliquez (indicative plural present second-person)
fliquent (indicative plural present third-person)
fliquais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fliquais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fliquait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fliquions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fliquiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fliquaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fliquai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
fliquas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
fliqua (historic indicative past singular third-person)
fliquâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
fliquâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
fliquèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
fliquerai (first-person future indicative singular)
fliqueras (future indicative second-person singular)
fliquera (future indicative singular third-person)
fliquerons (first-person future indicative plural)
fliquerez (future indicative plural second-person)
fliqueront (future indicative plural third-person)
fliquerais (conditional first-person singular)
fliquerais (conditional second-person singular)
fliquerait (conditional singular third-person)
fliquerions (conditional first-person plural)
fliqueriez (conditional plural second-person)
fliqueraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
flique (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fliques (present second-person singular subjunctive)
flique (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fliquions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fliquiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fliquent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fliquasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fliquasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fliquât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fliquassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fliquassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fliquassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
flique (imperative second-person singular)
fliquons (first-person imperative plural)
fliquez (imperative plural second-person)


siéger

siéger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
siégeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
siégé (participle past)
siège (first-person indicative present singular)
sièges (indicative present second-person singular)
siège (indicative present singular third-person)
siégeons (first-person indicative plural present)
siégez (indicative plural present second-person)
siègent (indicative plural present third-person)
siégeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
siégeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
siégeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
siégions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
siégiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
siégeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
siégeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
siégeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
siégea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
siégeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
siégeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
siégèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
siégerai (first-person future indicative singular)
siègerai (first-person future indicative singular)
siégeras (future indicative second-person singular)
siègeras (future indicative second-person singular)
siégera (future indicative singular third-person)
siègera (future indicative singular third-person)
siégerons (first-person future indicative plural)
siègerons (first-person future indicative plural)
siégerez (future indicative plural second-person)
siègerez (future indicative plural second-person)
siégeront (future indicative plural third-person)
siègeront (future indicative plural third-person)
siégerais (conditional first-person singular)
siègerais (conditional first-person singular)
siégerais (conditional second-person singular)
siègerais (conditional second-person singular)
siégerait (conditional singular third-person)
siègerait (conditional singular third-person)
siégerions (conditional first-person plural)
siègerions (conditional first-person plural)
siégeriez (conditional plural second-person)
siègeriez (conditional plural second-person)
siégeraient (conditional plural third-person)
siègeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
siège (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sièges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siège (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siégions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
siégiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
siègent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
siégeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
siégeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
siégeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
siégeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
siégeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
siégeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
siège (imperative second-person singular)
siégeons (first-person imperative plural)
siégez (imperative plural second-person)


vice-roi

Inherited from Middle French vice-roy. By surface analysis, vice- + roi.


kleptocratie

From cleptocrate + -ie, with spelling influenced by original Ancient Greek κλέπτης (kléptēs, “thief”).


gauchisme

→ Italian: gauchisme

(politics, slightly pejorative, chiefly used by right-wingers) leftism


gauchiste

Coordinate term: droitiste


gauchiste

fr-noun

gauchiste m or f by sense (plural gauchistes)

→ Italian: gauchiste

Coordinate term: droitiste


ENS

(French politics) Abbreviation of Ensemble!, a French left-wing political party.


néo-démocrate

néo-démocrate m or f by sense (plural néo-démocrates)

Nouveau Parti démocratique
Nouveau Parti démocratique

(politics, Canada) New Democrat — a member of the New Democratic Party (Nouveau Parti démocratique)


Nouveau Parti démocratique

New Democratic Party
New Democratic Party

(Canadian politics) New Democratic Party


Bloc

(Canada, politics) Bloc — Bloc Québécois (Bloc québécois)


Parti conservateur

(Canadian politics) Conservative Party or Conservative party


créditiste

créditiste m or f by sense (plural créditistes)

Ralliement créditiste
Ralliement créditiste

(Canadian politics) a Socred — a member of the Social Credit Party (Ralliement créditiste)

(Canadian politics) a socred — a person who subscribes to social credit (crédit social) political philosophy


socialisme démocratique

democratic socialism
democratic socialism


TPS

Initialism of taxe sur les produits et services.

init

goods and services tax
goods and services tax#English

(Canada, taxation) GST (goods and services tax)


taxe sur les produits et services

fr-noun

taxe sur les produits et services f (plural taxes sur les produits et services)

taxes sur les produits et services (plural)

goods and services tax
goods and services tax

(Canada, taxation) goods and services tax (GST)


chef d'État

chef d’ État (canonical masculine)
chefs d’État (plural)


quadrangulaire

quadrangulaire f (plural quadrangulaires)

Coordinate term: triangulaire


quinquennat

From quinquennal (“five-year”) + -at or Latin quinquennatus.

Le quinquennat du Président de la République démocratique du Congo.

The five-year term of the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo


calife

→ Romanian: calif


marasme

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μαρασμός (marasmós).

lbor

(politics, economics) stagnation, the doldrums


emprisonnement

fr-noun

emprisonnement m (plural emprisonnements)

From emprisonner (“to imprison”) + -ment.


embastiller

embastiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
embastillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
embastillé (participle past)
embastille (first-person indicative present singular)
embastilles (indicative present second-person singular)
embastille (indicative present singular third-person)
embastillons (first-person indicative plural present)
embastillez (indicative plural present second-person)
embastillent (indicative plural present third-person)
embastillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
embastillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
embastillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
embastillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
embastilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
embastillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
embastillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
embastillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
embastilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
embastillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
embastillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
embastillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
embastillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
embastilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
embastillera (future indicative singular third-person)
embastillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
embastillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
embastilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
embastillerais (conditional first-person singular)
embastillerais (conditional second-person singular)
embastillerait (conditional singular third-person)
embastillerions (conditional first-person plural)
embastilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
embastilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
embastille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
embastilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
embastille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
embastillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
embastilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
embastillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
embastillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
embastillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
embastillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
embastillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
embastillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
embastillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
embastille (imperative second-person singular)
embastillons (first-person imperative plural)
embastillez (imperative plural second-person)


régent

Borrowed from Latin regente, singular ablative of regēns.


tétrarchie

From Latin tetrarchia, from Ancient Greek τετραρχία (tetrarkhía).


négationnisme

(politics) denialism, negationism (practice of rejecting propositions which are strongly supported by scientific or historical evidence)


caquiste

caquiste m or f by sense (plural caquistes)

(Canada, politics) a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec


caquiste

(Canada, politics, relational) of the Coalition Avenir Québec


REN

Renaissance
w:Renaissance (French political party)

(French politics) Abbreviation of Renaissance.


canadair

Genericized trademark. From the company name Canadair, the manufacturer of the only purpose-built waterbomber, from the original version, Canadair CL-215. From English Canada+air, from being a Canadian aircraft manufacturer. Compare Greek καναντέρ (kanantér), Italian canadair, Serbo-Croatian kanader / канадер, Macedonian канадер (kanader)

(France, firefighting, aviation) waterbomber (firefighting aircraft)


carcéral

fr-adj

carcéral (feminine carcérale, masculine plural carcéraux, feminine plural carcérales)

carcérale (feminine)
carcéraux (masculine plural)
carcérales (feminine plural)


marcheur

fr-noun

marcheur m (plural marcheurs, feminine marcheuse)

(French politics) Supporter of the former French political party En marche


revanchisme

(chiefly politics) vindictiveness (a policy or tendency of seeking revenge)


ploutocratie

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πλουτοκρατία (ploutokratía).

lbor

πλουτοκρατία


racketter

racketter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
rackettant (gerund participle present)
rackettant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
racketté (participle past)
racketté (participle past)
rackette (first-person indicative present singular)
rackettes (indicative present second-person singular)
rackette (indicative present singular third-person)
rackettons (first-person indicative plural present)
rackettons (first-person indicative plural present)
rackettez (indicative plural present second-person)
rackettez (indicative plural present second-person)
rackettent (indicative plural present third-person)
rackettais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rackettais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
rackettais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rackettais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
rackettait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rackettait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
rackettions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rackettions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
rackettiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rackettiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
rackettaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rackettaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
rackettai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rackettai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
rackettas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
rackettas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
racketta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
racketta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
rackettâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rackettâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
rackettâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rackettâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
rackettèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
rackettèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
racketterai (first-person future indicative singular)
racketterai (first-person future indicative singular)
racketteras (future indicative second-person singular)
racketteras (future indicative second-person singular)
rackettera (future indicative singular third-person)
rackettera (future indicative singular third-person)
racketterons (first-person future indicative plural)
racketterons (first-person future indicative plural)
racketterez (future indicative plural second-person)
racketterez (future indicative plural second-person)
racketteront (future indicative plural third-person)
racketteront (future indicative plural third-person)
racketterais (conditional first-person singular)
racketterais (conditional first-person singular)
racketterais (conditional second-person singular)
racketterais (conditional second-person singular)
racketterait (conditional singular third-person)
racketterait (conditional singular third-person)
racketterions (conditional first-person plural)
racketterions (conditional first-person plural)
racketteriez (conditional plural second-person)
racketteriez (conditional plural second-person)
racketteraient (conditional plural third-person)
racketteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rackette (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rackettes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rackette (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rackettions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rackettions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rackettiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rackettiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rackettent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rackettasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rackettasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
rackettasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rackettasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
rackettât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rackettât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
rackettassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rackettassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
rackettassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rackettassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
rackettassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rackettassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
rackette (imperative second-person singular)
rackettons (first-person imperative plural)
rackettons (first-person imperative plural)
rackettez (imperative plural second-person)
rackettez (imperative plural second-person)


racketteur

fr-noun

racketteur m (plural racketteurs, feminine racketteuse)

racketteurs (plural)
racketteuse (feminine)


ratissage

(law enforcement slang) search, search and sweep (operation), ratissage


soudoyer

soudoyer (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
soudoyant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
soudoyé (participle past)
soudoie (first-person indicative present singular)
soudoies (indicative present second-person singular)
soudoie (indicative present singular third-person)
soudoyons (first-person indicative plural present)
soudoyez (indicative plural present second-person)
soudoient (indicative plural present third-person)
soudoyais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
soudoyais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
soudoyait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
soudoyions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
soudoyiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
soudoyaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
soudoyai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
soudoyas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
soudoya (historic indicative past singular third-person)
soudoyâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
soudoyâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
soudoyèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
soudoierai (first-person future indicative singular)
soudoieras (future indicative second-person singular)
soudoiera (future indicative singular third-person)
soudoierons (first-person future indicative plural)
soudoierez (future indicative plural second-person)
soudoieront (future indicative plural third-person)
soudoierais (conditional first-person singular)
soudoierais (conditional second-person singular)
soudoierait (conditional singular third-person)
soudoierions (conditional first-person plural)
soudoieriez (conditional plural second-person)
soudoieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
soudoie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
soudoies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
soudoie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
soudoyions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
soudoyiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
soudoient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
soudoyasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
soudoyasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
soudoyât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
soudoyassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
soudoyassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
soudoyassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
soudoie (imperative second-person singular)
soudoyons (first-person imperative plural)
soudoyez (imperative plural second-person)


lieutenant-gouverneur

lieutenant-gouverneur m (plural lieutenant-gouverneurs)


BCP

Bureau du Conseil privé
Bureau du Conseil privé#French

Privy Council Office
Privy Council Office#English

(government, Westministerian Parliament) PCO Initialism of Bureau du Conseil privé. (Privy Council Office)