Hong Kong

Hong Kong (a city, island, and special administrative region in southeastern China)


Huang He

Yellow River, Huang He (a river in northern China)


Guangzhou

/ɡwɑ̃ɡ.dʒɔw/

Holonym: Guangdong

Guangzhou (the capital and largest city of Guangdong, China)


Canton

Borrowed from Portuguese Cantão, from Mandarin 廣東／广东 (Guǎngdōng).

Synonym of Guangzhou (The capital and largest city of Guangdong, China)


Annam

English: Annam

Vietnamese: An Nam

Borrowed from Vietnamese An Nam, from Chinese 安南 (Ānnán).

(history) Annam (a former colonial province of China, now part of Vietnam's present-day Tonkin)


Ningbo

Ningbo (a port city, prefecture-level city, and subprovincial city in eastern Zhejiang, China)


Guangdong

/ɡwɑ̃ɡ.dɔ̃ɡ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 廣東／广东 (Guǎngdōng).

Holonym: Chine

Meronym: Canton


Shenyang

Holonym: Liaodong

Shenyang (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Liaoning, in northeastern China).


Chongqing

Borrowed from Mandarin 重慶／重庆 (Chóngqìng).

bor+

Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


Wuhan

Wuhan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Hubei, China)


Sichuan

Holonym: Chine

Meronyms: Chengdu, Chongqing


Pékin

→ Persian: پکن (pekan)

→ Khmer: ប៉េកាំង (peekang)

Borrowed from Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng), specifically the Nanking court dialect from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Doublet of Beijing. Compare Spanish Pekín, Portuguese Pequim, English Peking, Dutch Peking. See also Tonkin and Nankin (“Nanjing”).

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Jiangsu

Meronym: Nankin


Cachemire

Borrowed from Sanskrit कश्मीर (kaśmīra).

Kashmir (a region of the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) China, India, and Pakistan)


Suzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 蘇州／苏州 (Sūzhōu).

zh-l

蘇州／苏州 (Sūzhōu)

Suzhou (a prefecture-level city in Jiangsu, China)


Amour

The world's ninth longest river, forming the border between the Far East of Russia and Northeastern China, emptying into the Pacific Ocean through the Strait of Tartary, where the mouth of the river faces the northern end of the island of Sakhalin


Shanghaï

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


Shaoxing

Shaoxing (a prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China)


Nankin

Borrowed from Mandarin 南京 (Nánjīng), based on the Nanking court dialect from before the modern palatalization of /k/ to /tɕ/. Also see Tonkin and Pékin (“Beijing”).

Nanjing (the capital city of Jiangsu, China)


Yangtsé

Yangtze (a major river in China, the third-longest river in the world)


Liaoyang

Holonym: Liaodong

Liaoyang (a prefecture-level city in Liaoning, China).


Yanan

Il y a le tourisme rouge, qui vous entraîne sur les pas de Mao, comme à Yanan, dans le Shaanxi, l’ancien bastion révolutionnaire des communistes avant leur arrivée au pouvoir en 1949.

2013 August 1, Brice Pedroletti, “Comment les Chinois partent en vacances”, in Le Monde, archived from the original on 2013-08-05:

Alternative spelling of Yan’an (A prefecture-level city in Shaanxi, China)


Hongkou

Holonym: Puxi


Yangzi Jiang

Synonym of Yangtsé: Yangtze (a major river in China)


Xiong'an

Xiong'an (a new area in Baoding, Hebei, China).


Liaodong

(historical) Liaodong (former province in northeast China).

Holonym: Liaoning

Meronyms: Liaoyang, Shenyang


Jialing

Holonym: Sichuan

The Jialing (a left tributary of the Yangtze in Sichuan, China)


lac Poyang

Partial calque of Chinese 鄱阳湖 (Póyáng Hú).


Dongtan

Borrowed from Hanyu Pinyin, from Chinese 東灘／东滩.

Holonym: île de Chongming

Dongtan (an abandoned ecocity project in Shanghai, China)


glacier de Guliya

The Guliya (an ice cap in Rutog County, Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)