-kkö

-kkö (nominative singular)
-köt (nominative plural)
-kkö (accusative nominative singular)
-köt (accusative nominative plural)
-kön (accusative genitive singular)
-köt (accusative genitive plural)
-kön (genitive singular)
-kköjen (genitive plural)
-köiden (genitive plural)
-köitten (genitive plural)
-kköä (partitive singular)
-kköjä (partitive plural)
-köitä (partitive plural)
-kössä (inessive singular)
-köissä (inessive plural)
-köstä (elative singular)
-köistä (elative plural)
-kköön (illative singular)
-kköihin (illative plural)
-köihin (illative plural)
-köllä (adessive singular)
-köillä (adessive plural)
-költä (ablative singular)
-köiltä (ablative plural)
-kölle (allative singular)
-köille (allative plural)
-kkönä (essive singular)
-kköinä (essive plural)
-köksi (singular translative)
-köiksi (plural translative)
-köttä (abessive singular)
-köittä (abessive plural)
-köin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-kköni (nominative singular)
-kköni (nominative plural)
-kköni (accusative nominative singular)
-kköni (accusative nominative plural)
-kköni (accusative genitive singular)
-kköni (accusative genitive plural)
-kköni (genitive singular)
-kköjeni (genitive plural)
-köideni (genitive plural)
-köitteni (genitive plural)
-kköäni (partitive singular)
-kköjäni (partitive plural)
-köitäni (partitive plural)
-kössäni (inessive singular)
-köissäni (inessive plural)
-köstäni (elative singular)
-köistäni (elative plural)
-kkööni (illative singular)
-kköihini (illative plural)
-köihini (illative plural)
-kölläni (adessive singular)
-köilläni (adessive plural)
-költäni (ablative singular)
-köiltäni (ablative plural)
-kölleni (allative singular)
-köilleni (allative plural)
-kkönäni (essive singular)
-kköinäni (essive plural)
-kökseni (singular translative)
-köikseni (plural translative)
-köttäni (abessive singular)
-köittäni (abessive plural)
-kköineni (comitative plural)
-kkösi (nominative singular)
-kkösi (nominative plural)
-kkösi (accusative nominative singular)
-kkösi (accusative nominative plural)
-kkösi (accusative genitive singular)
-kkösi (accusative genitive plural)
-kkösi (genitive singular)
-kköjesi (genitive plural)
-köidesi (genitive plural)
-köittesi (genitive plural)
-kköäsi (partitive singular)
-kköjäsi (partitive plural)
-köitäsi (partitive plural)
-kössäsi (inessive singular)
-köissäsi (inessive plural)
-köstäsi (elative singular)
-köistäsi (elative plural)
-kköösi (illative singular)
-kköihisi (illative plural)
-köihisi (illative plural)
-kölläsi (adessive singular)
-köilläsi (adessive plural)
-költäsi (ablative singular)
-köiltäsi (ablative plural)
-köllesi (allative singular)
-köillesi (allative plural)
-kkönäsi (essive singular)
-kköinäsi (essive plural)
-köksesi (singular translative)
-köiksesi (plural translative)
-köttäsi (abessive singular)
-köittäsi (abessive plural)
-kköinesi (comitative plural)
-kkömme (nominative singular)
-kkömme (nominative plural)
-kkömme (accusative nominative singular)
-kkömme (accusative nominative plural)
-kkömme (accusative genitive singular)
-kkömme (accusative genitive plural)
-kkömme (genitive singular)
-kköjemme (genitive plural)
-köidemme (genitive plural)
-köittemme (genitive plural)
-kköämme (partitive singular)
-kköjämme (partitive plural)
-köitämme (partitive plural)
-kössämme (inessive singular)
-köissämme (inessive plural)
-köstämme (elative singular)
-köistämme (elative plural)
-kköömme (illative singular)
-kköihimme (illative plural)
-köihimme (illative plural)
-köllämme (adessive singular)
-köillämme (adessive plural)
-költämme (ablative singular)
-köiltämme (ablative plural)
-köllemme (allative singular)
-köillemme (allative plural)
-kkönämme (essive singular)
-kköinämme (essive plural)
-köksemme (singular translative)
-köiksemme (plural translative)
-köttämme (abessive singular)
-köittämme (abessive plural)
-kköinemme (comitative plural)
-kkönne (nominative singular)
-kkönne (nominative plural)
-kkönne (accusative nominative singular)
-kkönne (accusative nominative plural)
-kkönne (accusative genitive singular)
-kkönne (accusative genitive plural)
-kkönne (genitive singular)
-kköjenne (genitive plural)
-köidenne (genitive plural)
-köittenne (genitive plural)
-kköänne (partitive singular)
-kköjänne (partitive plural)
-köitänne (partitive plural)
-kössänne (inessive singular)
-köissänne (inessive plural)
-köstänne (elative singular)
-köistänne (elative plural)
-kköönne (illative singular)
-kköihinne (illative plural)
-köihinne (illative plural)
-köllänne (adessive singular)
-köillänne (adessive plural)
-költänne (ablative singular)
-köiltänne (ablative plural)
-köllenne (allative singular)
-köillenne (allative plural)
-kkönänne (essive singular)
-kköinänne (essive plural)
-köksenne (singular translative)
-köiksenne (plural translative)
-köttänne (abessive singular)
-köittänne (abessive plural)
-kköinenne (comitative plural)
-kkönsä (nominative singular)
-kkönsä (nominative plural)
-kkönsä (accusative nominative singular)
-kkönsä (accusative nominative plural)
-kkönsä (accusative genitive singular)
-kkönsä (accusative genitive plural)
-kkönsä (genitive singular)
-kköjensä (genitive plural)
-köidensä (genitive plural)
-köittensä (genitive plural)
-kköään (partitive singular)
-kköänsä (partitive singular)
-kköjään (partitive plural)
-köitään (partitive plural)
-kköjänsä (partitive plural)
-köitänsä (partitive plural)
-kössään (inessive singular)
-kössänsä (inessive singular)
-köissään (inessive plural)
-köissänsä (inessive plural)
-köstään (elative singular)
-köstänsä (elative singular)
-köistään (elative plural)
-köistänsä (elative plural)
-kköönsä (illative singular)
-kköihinsä (illative plural)
-köihinsä (illative plural)
-köllään (adessive singular)
-köllänsä (adessive singular)
-köillään (adessive plural)
-köillänsä (adessive plural)
-költään (ablative singular)
-költänsä (ablative singular)
-köiltään (ablative plural)
-köiltänsä (ablative plural)
-kölleen (allative singular)
-köllensä (allative singular)
-köilleen (allative plural)
-köillensä (allative plural)
-kkönään (essive singular)
-kkönänsä (essive singular)
-kköinään (essive plural)
-kköinänsä (essive plural)
-kökseen (singular translative)
-köksensä (singular translative)
-köikseen (plural translative)
-köiksensä (plural translative)
-köttään (abessive singular)
-köttänsä (abessive singular)
-köittään (abessive plural)
-köittänsä (abessive plural)
-kköineen (comitative plural)
-kköinensä (comitative plural)


-pa

head

-pa (front vowel harmony variant -pä, linguistic notation -pA)

table
The original strong grade of the present active participle suffix -va.

käydä (“to be suitable”) + -pa → käypä (“current, going; valid; popular; suitable, fitting”) (doublet of käyvä (“that which or who suits, goes”))

syödä (“to eat”) + -pa → syöpä (“cancer”) (doublet of syövä (“that which or who eats”))

juoda (“to drink”) + -pa → juopa (“streak”) (doublet of juova (“that which or who drinks”))

suoda (“to give, allow, permit, grant”) + -pa → -suopa (“quality of having an intent or will towards others”, in pahansuopa (“malevolent”)) (doublet of suova (“that which or who allows or permits”))

Forms adjectives or nouns of a very limited amount of verbs.


-nen

-nen (nominative singular)
-set (nominative plural)
-nen (accusative nominative singular)
-set (accusative nominative plural)
-sen (accusative genitive singular)
-set (accusative genitive plural)
-sen (genitive singular)
-sten (genitive plural)
-sien (genitive plural)
-sta (partitive singular)
-sia (partitive plural)
-sessa (inessive singular)
-sissa (inessive plural)
-sesta (elative singular)
-sista (elative plural)
-seen (illative singular)
-siin (illative plural)
-sella (adessive singular)
-silla (adessive plural)
-selta (ablative singular)
-silta (ablative plural)
-selle (allative singular)
-sille (allative plural)
-sena (essive singular)
-sina (essive plural)
-seksi (singular translative)
-siksi (plural translative)
-setta (abessive singular)
-sitta (abessive plural)
-sin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-seni (nominative singular)
-seni (nominative plural)
-seni (accusative nominative singular)
-seni (accusative nominative plural)
-seni (accusative genitive singular)
-seni (accusative genitive plural)
-seni (genitive singular)
-steni (genitive plural)
-sieni (genitive plural)
-stani (partitive singular)
-siani (partitive plural)
-sessani (inessive singular)
-sissani (inessive plural)
-sestani (elative singular)
-sistani (elative plural)
-seeni (illative singular)
-siini (illative plural)
-sellani (adessive singular)
-sillani (adessive plural)
-seltani (ablative singular)
-siltani (ablative plural)
-selleni (allative singular)
-silleni (allative plural)
-senani (essive singular)
-sinani (essive plural)
-sekseni (singular translative)
-sikseni (plural translative)
-settani (abessive singular)
-sittani (abessive plural)
-sineni (comitative plural)
-sesi (nominative singular)
-sesi (nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative nominative singular)
-sesi (accusative nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative genitive singular)
-sesi (accusative genitive plural)
-sesi (genitive singular)
-stesi (genitive plural)
-siesi (genitive plural)
-stasi (partitive singular)
-siasi (partitive plural)
-sessasi (inessive singular)
-sissasi (inessive plural)
-sestasi (elative singular)
-sistasi (elative plural)
-seesi (illative singular)
-siisi (illative plural)
-sellasi (adessive singular)
-sillasi (adessive plural)
-seltasi (ablative singular)
-siltasi (ablative plural)
-sellesi (allative singular)
-sillesi (allative plural)
-senasi (essive singular)
-sinasi (essive plural)
-seksesi (singular translative)
-siksesi (plural translative)
-settasi (abessive singular)
-sittasi (abessive plural)
-sinesi (comitative plural)
-semme (nominative singular)
-semme (nominative plural)
-semme (accusative nominative singular)
-semme (accusative nominative plural)
-semme (accusative genitive singular)
-semme (accusative genitive plural)
-semme (genitive singular)
-stemme (genitive plural)
-siemme (genitive plural)
-stamme (partitive singular)
-siamme (partitive plural)
-sessamme (inessive singular)
-sissamme (inessive plural)
-sestamme (elative singular)
-sistamme (elative plural)
-seemme (illative singular)
-siimme (illative plural)
-sellamme (adessive singular)
-sillamme (adessive plural)
-seltamme (ablative singular)
-siltamme (ablative plural)
-sellemme (allative singular)
-sillemme (allative plural)
-senamme (essive singular)
-sinamme (essive plural)
-seksemme (singular translative)
-siksemme (plural translative)
-settamme (abessive singular)
-sittamme (abessive plural)
-sinemme (comitative plural)
-senne (nominative singular)
-senne (nominative plural)
-senne (accusative nominative singular)
-senne (accusative nominative plural)
-senne (accusative genitive singular)
-senne (accusative genitive plural)
-senne (genitive singular)
-stenne (genitive plural)
-sienne (genitive plural)
-stanne (partitive singular)
-sianne (partitive plural)
-sessanne (inessive singular)
-sissanne (inessive plural)
-sestanne (elative singular)
-sistanne (elative plural)
-seenne (illative singular)
-siinne (illative plural)
-sellanne (adessive singular)
-sillanne (adessive plural)
-seltanne (ablative singular)
-siltanne (ablative plural)
-sellenne (allative singular)
-sillenne (allative plural)
-senanne (essive singular)
-sinanne (essive plural)
-seksenne (singular translative)
-siksenne (plural translative)
-settanne (abessive singular)
-sittanne (abessive plural)
-sinenne (comitative plural)
-sensa (nominative singular)
-sensa (nominative plural)
-sensa (accusative nominative singular)
-sensa (accusative nominative plural)
-sensa (accusative genitive singular)
-sensa (accusative genitive plural)
-sensa (genitive singular)
-stensa (genitive plural)
-siensa (genitive plural)
-staan (partitive singular)
-stansa (partitive singular)
-siaan (partitive plural)
-siansa (partitive plural)
-sessaan (inessive singular)
-sessansa (inessive singular)
-sissaan (inessive plural)
-sissansa (inessive plural)
-sestaan (elative singular)
-sestansa (elative singular)
-sistaan (elative plural)
-sistansa (elative plural)
-seensa (illative singular)
-siinsa (illative plural)
-sellaan (adessive singular)
-sellansa (adessive singular)
-sillaan (adessive plural)
-sillansa (adessive plural)
-seltaan (ablative singular)
-seltansa (ablative singular)
-siltaan (ablative plural)
-siltansa (ablative plural)
-selleen (allative singular)
-sellensa (allative singular)
-silleen (allative plural)
-sillensa (allative plural)
-senaan (essive singular)
-senansa (essive singular)
-sinaan (essive plural)
-sinansa (essive plural)
-sekseen (singular translative)
-seksensa (singular translative)
-sikseen (plural translative)
-siksensa (plural translative)
-settaan (abessive singular)
-settansa (abessive singular)
-sittaan (abessive plural)
-sittansa (abessive plural)
-sineen (comitative plural)
-sinensa (comitative plural)
-nen (nominative singular)
-set (nominative plural)
-nen (accusative nominative singular)
-set (accusative nominative plural)
-sen (accusative genitive singular)
-set (accusative genitive plural)
-sen (genitive singular)
-sten (genitive plural)
-sien (genitive plural)
-stä (partitive singular)
-siä (partitive plural)
-sessä (inessive singular)
-sissä (inessive plural)
-sestä (elative singular)
-sistä (elative plural)
-seen (illative singular)
-siin (illative plural)
-sellä (adessive singular)
-sillä (adessive plural)
-seltä (ablative singular)
-siltä (ablative plural)
-selle (allative singular)
-sille (allative plural)
-senä (essive singular)
-sinä (essive plural)
-seksi (singular translative)
-siksi (plural translative)
-settä (abessive singular)
-sittä (abessive plural)
-sin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-seni (nominative singular)
-seni (nominative plural)
-seni (accusative nominative singular)
-seni (accusative nominative plural)
-seni (accusative genitive singular)
-seni (accusative genitive plural)
-seni (genitive singular)
-steni (genitive plural)
-sieni (genitive plural)
-stäni (partitive singular)
-siäni (partitive plural)
-sessäni (inessive singular)
-sissäni (inessive plural)
-sestäni (elative singular)
-sistäni (elative plural)
-seeni (illative singular)
-siini (illative plural)
-selläni (adessive singular)
-silläni (adessive plural)
-seltäni (ablative singular)
-siltäni (ablative plural)
-selleni (allative singular)
-silleni (allative plural)
-senäni (essive singular)
-sinäni (essive plural)
-sekseni (singular translative)
-sikseni (plural translative)
-settäni (abessive singular)
-sittäni (abessive plural)
-sineni (comitative plural)
-sesi (nominative singular)
-sesi (nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative nominative singular)
-sesi (accusative nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative genitive singular)
-sesi (accusative genitive plural)
-sesi (genitive singular)
-stesi (genitive plural)
-siesi (genitive plural)
-stäsi (partitive singular)
-siäsi (partitive plural)
-sessäsi (inessive singular)
-sissäsi (inessive plural)
-sestäsi (elative singular)
-sistäsi (elative plural)
-seesi (illative singular)
-siisi (illative plural)
-selläsi (adessive singular)
-silläsi (adessive plural)
-seltäsi (ablative singular)
-siltäsi (ablative plural)
-sellesi (allative singular)
-sillesi (allative plural)
-senäsi (essive singular)
-sinäsi (essive plural)
-seksesi (singular translative)
-siksesi (plural translative)
-settäsi (abessive singular)
-sittäsi (abessive plural)
-sinesi (comitative plural)
-semme (nominative singular)
-semme (nominative plural)
-semme (accusative nominative singular)
-semme (accusative nominative plural)
-semme (accusative genitive singular)
-semme (accusative genitive plural)
-semme (genitive singular)
-stemme (genitive plural)
-siemme (genitive plural)
-stämme (partitive singular)
-siämme (partitive plural)
-sessämme (inessive singular)
-sissämme (inessive plural)
-sestämme (elative singular)
-sistämme (elative plural)
-seemme (illative singular)
-siimme (illative plural)
-sellämme (adessive singular)
-sillämme (adessive plural)
-seltämme (ablative singular)
-siltämme (ablative plural)
-sellemme (allative singular)
-sillemme (allative plural)
-senämme (essive singular)
-sinämme (essive plural)
-seksemme (singular translative)
-siksemme (plural translative)
-settämme (abessive singular)
-sittämme (abessive plural)
-sinemme (comitative plural)
-senne (nominative singular)
-senne (nominative plural)
-senne (accusative nominative singular)
-senne (accusative nominative plural)
-senne (accusative genitive singular)
-senne (accusative genitive plural)
-senne (genitive singular)
-stenne (genitive plural)
-sienne (genitive plural)
-stänne (partitive singular)
-siänne (partitive plural)
-sessänne (inessive singular)
-sissänne (inessive plural)
-sestänne (elative singular)
-sistänne (elative plural)
-seenne (illative singular)
-siinne (illative plural)
-sellänne (adessive singular)
-sillänne (adessive plural)
-seltänne (ablative singular)
-siltänne (ablative plural)
-sellenne (allative singular)
-sillenne (allative plural)
-senänne (essive singular)
-sinänne (essive plural)
-seksenne (singular translative)
-siksenne (plural translative)
-settänne (abessive singular)
-sittänne (abessive plural)
-sinenne (comitative plural)
-sensä (nominative singular)
-sensä (nominative plural)
-sensä (accusative nominative singular)
-sensä (accusative nominative plural)
-sensä (accusative genitive singular)
-sensä (accusative genitive plural)
-sensä (genitive singular)
-stensä (genitive plural)
-siensä (genitive plural)
-stään (partitive singular)
-stänsä (partitive singular)
-siään (partitive plural)
-siänsä (partitive plural)
-sessään (inessive singular)
-sessänsä (inessive singular)
-sissään (inessive plural)
-sissänsä (inessive plural)
-sestään (elative singular)
-sestänsä (elative singular)
-sistään (elative plural)
-sistänsä (elative plural)
-seensä (illative singular)
-siinsä (illative plural)
-sellään (adessive singular)
-sellänsä (adessive singular)
-sillään (adessive plural)
-sillänsä (adessive plural)
-seltään (ablative singular)
-seltänsä (ablative singular)
-siltään (ablative plural)
-siltänsä (ablative plural)
-selleen (allative singular)
-sellensä (allative singular)
-silleen (allative plural)
-sillensä (allative plural)
-senään (essive singular)
-senänsä (essive singular)
-sinään (essive plural)
-sinänsä (essive plural)
-sekseen (singular translative)
-seksensä (singular translative)
-sikseen (plural translative)
-siksensä (plural translative)
-settään (abessive singular)
-settänsä (abessive singular)
-sittään (abessive plural)
-sittänsä (abessive plural)
-sineen (comitative plural)
-sinensä (comitative plural)

Originally a variant form of -inen. The -i- was dropped in certain dialects, particularly nouns with more than two syllables prior to the suffix. The distinction between using -nen for nouns (including nouns with two or fewer syllables in the root) and -inen for adjectives is a later literary invention, resulting in these two variants of the same suffix being artificially separated in meaning.

lapsi (“child”) + -nen → lapsonen (“kid”)

pala (“piece”) + -nen → palanen (“small piece”)

kulta (“gold, dear”) + -nen → kultanen (“darling”)

tuuli (“wind”) + -nen → tuulonen (“gentle wind, breeze”)

Ukko (“the God of Thunder”) + -nen → ukkonen (“thunder”)

Forms diminutive nouns or terms expressing affection.

virta (“river”) + -nen → Virtanen

Forms surnames of association (surnames of w:Virtanen type), by now devoid of meaning.

(colloquial, dialectal) Alternative form of -inen.


täys-

täysistunto


-ita

-ita (front vowel harmony variant -itä, stem -itse-, linguistic notation -itse- or -itA)

-itä (front-vowel)
-itse- (stem)
-itsen (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -itse (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -innut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -innut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-itset (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -itse (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -innut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -innut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-itsee (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -itse (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -innut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -innut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-itsemme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -itse (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -inneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -inneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-itsette (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -itse (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-itsevat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -itse (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-itaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -ita (indicative negative passive present)
on -ittu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -ittu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-itsin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -innut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -innut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -innut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-itsit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -innut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -innut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-itsi (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -innut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -innut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-itsimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -inneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -inneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -inneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-itsitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -inneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-itsivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -inneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-ittiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -ittu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -ittu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -ittu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-itsisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -itsisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -innut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -innut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-itsisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -itsisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -innut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-itsisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -itsisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -innut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-itsisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -itsisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -inneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -inneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-itsisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -itsisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-itsisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -itsisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -ittaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -ittu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -ittu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-itse (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -itse (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-itkoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -itko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -innut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -innut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-itkaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -itko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-itkaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -itko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-itkoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -itko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -inneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -inneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -ittako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -ittu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -ittu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-innen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -inne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -innut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -innut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-innet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -inne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -innut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -innut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-innee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -inne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -innut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -innut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-innemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -inne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -inneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -inneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-innette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -inne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -inneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-innevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -inne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -inneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-ittaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -ittane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -ittu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -ittu (negative passive perfect potential)
-ita (infinitive infinitive-i)
-itseva (active participle present)
-ittava (participle passive present)
-itakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-itaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-itaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-itaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-itakseen (possessive third-person)
-itaksensa (possessive third-person)
-innut (infinitive-i-long past)
-ittu (infinitive-i-long past)
-itessa (inessive second-person)
-ittaessa (inessive second-person)
-itsema (agent)
-itessani (first-person possessive singular)
-itessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-itessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-itessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-itessaan (possessive third-person)
-itessansa (possessive third-person)
-itsematon (inessive negative second-person)
-iten (instructive second-person)
-itsemassa (inessive third-person)
-itsemasta (elative third-person)
-itsemaan (illative third-person)
-itsemalla (adessive third-person)
-itsematta (abessive third-person)
-itseman (instructive third-person)
-ittaman (instructive third-person)
-itseminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-itsemaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-itsemaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-itsemaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-itsemaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-itsemaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-itsemaisillansa (possessive third-person)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-it'ak, from Proto-Uralic *-ńće-, *-nśe- (probably akin to the diminutive ending -ise-). The original stem before preceding endings other than original *-et-, is *-icc- (e.g. *valic'en, *valiccepi, but *valit'ak). However, potential forms were replaced with ones in -nn- by semi-regular sound changes, intensified by degemination of -cc- to -c- and later assimilation to -n- (cf. *saictak → potential *sainni).

naula (“nail”) + -ita → naulita (“to nail down”)

lääke (“medicine”) + -ita → lääkitä (“to medicate”)

tulkki (“interpreter”) + -ita → tulkita (“to interpret”)

Forms some verbs indicating acting in a capacity or a profession.

tarve (“need”) + -ita → tarvita (“to need”)

villi (“wild”) + -ita → villitä (“to drive wild”)

Forms various other verbs from nouns or adjectives.


-ita

-ita (front vowel harmony variant -itä, stem -ia-, linguistic notation -iA- or -itA)

-itä (front-vowel)
-ia- (stem)
-ian (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -ia (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -innut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -innut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-iat (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -ia (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -innut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -innut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-iaa (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -ia (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -innut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -innut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-iamme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -ia (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -inneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -inneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-iatte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -ia (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-iavat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ia (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-itaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -ita (indicative negative passive present)
on -ittu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -ittu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-isin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -innut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -innut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -innut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-isit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -innut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -innut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-isi (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -innut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -innut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-isimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -inneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -inneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -inneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-isitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -inneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-isivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -inneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-ittiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -ittu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -ittu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -ittu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-iaisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -iaisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -innut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -innut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-iaisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -iaisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -innut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-iaisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -iaisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -innut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-iaisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -iaisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -inneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -inneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-iaisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -iaisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-iaisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -iaisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -ittaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -ittu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -ittu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-ia (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -ia (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-itkoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -itko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -innut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -innut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-itkaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -itko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-itkaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -itko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-itkoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -itko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -inneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -inneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -ittako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -ittu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -ittu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-innen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -inne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -innut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -innut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-innet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -inne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -innut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -innut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-innee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -inne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -innut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -innut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-innemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -inne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -inneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -inneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-innette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -inne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -inneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-innevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -inne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -inneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-ittaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -ittane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -ittu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -ittu (negative passive perfect potential)
-ita (infinitive infinitive-i)
-iava (active participle present)
-ittava (participle passive present)
-itakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-itaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-itaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-itaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-itakseen (possessive third-person)
-itaksensa (possessive third-person)
-innut (infinitive-i-long past)
-ittu (infinitive-i-long past)
-itessa (inessive second-person)
-ittaessa (inessive second-person)
-iama (agent)
-itessani (first-person possessive singular)
-itessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-itessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-itessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-itessaan (possessive third-person)
-itessansa (possessive third-person)
-iamaton (inessive negative second-person)
-iten (instructive second-person)
-iamassa (inessive third-person)
-iamasta (elative third-person)
-iamaan (illative third-person)
-iamalla (adessive third-person)
-iamatta (abessive third-person)
-iaman (instructive third-person)
-ittaman (instructive third-person)
-iaminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-iamaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-iamaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-iamaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-iamaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-iamaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-iamaisillansa (possessive third-person)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-it'ak. Roughly equivalent to -i- + -ta; compare -ittaa.

Alternative form of -ta (“translative/reflexive verb suffix”)


-ita

-ita (front vowel harmony variant -itä, stem -i-, linguistic notation -i- or -itA)

(Eastern Finnish) Alternative form of -ida


-mainen

-mainen (front vowel harmony variant -mäinen, linguistic notation -mAinen)

-mäinen (front-vowel)
-maisempi (comparative)
-mäisempi (comparative)
-maisin (superlative)
-mäisin (superlative)
-mainen (nominative singular)
-maiset (nominative plural)
-mainen (accusative nominative singular)
-maiset (accusative nominative plural)
-maisen (accusative genitive singular)
-maiset (accusative genitive plural)
-maisen (genitive singular)
-maisten (genitive plural)
-maisien (genitive plural)
-maista (partitive singular)
-maisia (partitive plural)
-maisessa (inessive singular)
-maisissa (inessive plural)
-maisesta (elative singular)
-maisista (elative plural)
-maiseen (illative singular)
-maisiin (illative plural)
-maisella (adessive singular)
-maisilla (adessive plural)
-maiselta (ablative singular)
-maisilta (ablative plural)
-maiselle (allative singular)
-maisille (allative plural)
-maisena (essive singular)
-maisina (essive plural)
-maiseksi (singular translative)
-maisiksi (plural translative)
-maisetta (abessive singular)
-maisitta (abessive plural)
-maisin (instructive plural)
-maisine (comitative plural)
-maiseni (nominative singular)
-maiseni (nominative plural)
-maiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-maiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-maiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-maiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-maiseni (genitive singular)
-maisteni (genitive plural)
-maisieni (genitive plural)
-maistani (partitive singular)
-maisiani (partitive plural)
-maisessani (inessive singular)
-maisissani (inessive plural)
-maisestani (elative singular)
-maisistani (elative plural)
-maiseeni (illative singular)
-maisiini (illative plural)
-maisellani (adessive singular)
-maisillani (adessive plural)
-maiseltani (ablative singular)
-maisiltani (ablative plural)
-maiselleni (allative singular)
-maisilleni (allative plural)
-maisenani (essive singular)
-maisinani (essive plural)
-maisekseni (singular translative)
-maisikseni (plural translative)
-maisettani (abessive singular)
-maisittani (abessive plural)
-maisineni (comitative plural)
-maisesi (nominative singular)
-maisesi (nominative plural)
-maisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-maisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-maisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-maisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-maisesi (genitive singular)
-maistesi (genitive plural)
-maisiesi (genitive plural)
-maistasi (partitive singular)
-maisiasi (partitive plural)
-maisessasi (inessive singular)
-maisissasi (inessive plural)
-maisestasi (elative singular)
-maisistasi (elative plural)
-maiseesi (illative singular)
-maisiisi (illative plural)
-maisellasi (adessive singular)
-maisillasi (adessive plural)
-maiseltasi (ablative singular)
-maisiltasi (ablative plural)
-maisellesi (allative singular)
-maisillesi (allative plural)
-maisenasi (essive singular)
-maisinasi (essive plural)
-maiseksesi (singular translative)
-maisiksesi (plural translative)
-maisettasi (abessive singular)
-maisittasi (abessive plural)
-maisinesi (comitative plural)
-maisemme (nominative singular)
-maisemme (nominative plural)
-maisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-maisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-maisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-maisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-maisemme (genitive singular)
-maistemme (genitive plural)
-maisiemme (genitive plural)
-maistamme (partitive singular)
-maisiamme (partitive plural)
-maisessamme (inessive singular)
-maisissamme (inessive plural)
-maisestamme (elative singular)
-maisistamme (elative plural)
-maiseemme (illative singular)
-maisiimme (illative plural)
-maisellamme (adessive singular)
-maisillamme (adessive plural)
-maiseltamme (ablative singular)
-maisiltamme (ablative plural)
-maisellemme (allative singular)
-maisillemme (allative plural)
-maisenamme (essive singular)
-maisinamme (essive plural)
-maiseksemme (singular translative)
-maisiksemme (plural translative)
-maisettamme (abessive singular)
-maisittamme (abessive plural)
-maisinemme (comitative plural)
-maisenne (nominative singular)
-maisenne (nominative plural)
-maisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-maisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-maisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-maisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-maisenne (genitive singular)
-maistenne (genitive plural)
-maisienne (genitive plural)
-maistanne (partitive singular)
-maisianne (partitive plural)
-maisessanne (inessive singular)
-maisissanne (inessive plural)
-maisestanne (elative singular)
-maisistanne (elative plural)
-maiseenne (illative singular)
-maisiinne (illative plural)
-maisellanne (adessive singular)
-maisillanne (adessive plural)
-maiseltanne (ablative singular)
-maisiltanne (ablative plural)
-maisellenne (allative singular)
-maisillenne (allative plural)
-maisenanne (essive singular)
-maisinanne (essive plural)
-maiseksenne (singular translative)
-maisiksenne (plural translative)
-maisettanne (abessive singular)
-maisittanne (abessive plural)
-maisinenne (comitative plural)
-maisensa (nominative singular)
-maisensa (nominative plural)
-maisensa (accusative nominative singular)
-maisensa (accusative nominative plural)
-maisensa (accusative genitive singular)
-maisensa (accusative genitive plural)
-maisensa (genitive singular)
-maistensa (genitive plural)
-maisiensa (genitive plural)
-maistaan (partitive singular)
-maistansa (partitive singular)
-maisiaan (partitive plural)
-maisiansa (partitive plural)
-maisessaan (inessive singular)
-maisessansa (inessive singular)
-maisissaan (inessive plural)
-maisissansa (inessive plural)
-maisestaan (elative singular)
-maisestansa (elative singular)
-maisistaan (elative plural)
-maisistansa (elative plural)
-maiseensa (illative singular)
-maisiinsa (illative plural)
-maisellaan (adessive singular)
-maisellansa (adessive singular)
-maisillaan (adessive plural)
-maisillansa (adessive plural)
-maiseltaan (ablative singular)
-maiseltansa (ablative singular)
-maisiltaan (ablative plural)
-maisiltansa (ablative plural)
-maiselleen (allative singular)
-maisellensa (allative singular)
-maisilleen (allative plural)
-maisillensa (allative plural)
-maisenaan (essive singular)
-maisenansa (essive singular)
-maisinaan (essive plural)
-maisinansa (essive plural)
-maisekseen (singular translative)
-maiseksensa (singular translative)
-maisikseen (plural translative)
-maisiksensa (plural translative)
-maisettaan (abessive singular)
-maisettansa (abessive singular)
-maisittaan (abessive plural)
-maisittansa (abessive plural)
-maisineen (comitative plural)
-maisinensa (comitative plural)

maa + -inen. Compare the dialectal expression olla jotakin maata (“to be the kind (that), to opine (that)”).

kaasu (“gas”) + -mainen → kaasumainen (“gaseous”)

neste (“liquid”) + -mainen → nestemäinen (“liquid”)

kiila (“wedge”) + -mainen → kiilamainen (“wedgelike, cuneiform”)

kello (“bell”) + -mainen → kellomainen (“bell-shaped”)

nainen (“woman”) + -mainen → naismainen (“effeminate”)

herrasmies (“gentleman”) + -mainen → herrasmiesmäinen (“gentlemanly”)

nauris (“turnip”) + -mainen → naurismainen (“napiform”)

Forms adjectives from nouns, signifying resemblance.; -like, -shaped, -ish, -ly, -y or -ous.


irto-

From *irta, from Proto-Finnic *irta, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Lithuanian irti (“to fall apart, to separate”)).

cog

irtoperuna 5 €/kg


itse-

Levitä itseruskettavaa voidetta iholle.

Spread some self-tanning lotion on the skin.


yli-

yliarvioida

yliluonnollinen

yliaistillinen

Vanhemmat voivat olla ylihuolehtivaisia lastensa suhteen.

Parents can be overly protective of their children.

ylikomisario


perus-

basic, elemental, elementary, fundamental

basic, rudimentary, normal, typical, average


ympäri-

ympärileikkaus

ympäripurjehdus


-itse

From Proto-Finnic *-ic'ëC, consisting of the suffix *-icci plus an additional consonant. The additional consonant is only found in Finnish; the other Finnic languages have forms deriving from the vowel-final form. Cognate with Estonian -itsi, Karelian -ičči, Veps -iči.

meri (“sea”) + -itse → meritse (“by sea”)

sähköposti (“email”) + -itse → sähköpostitse (“by email”)

by, through; the suffix of the prolative, determines the channel by which something takes place.


kauko-

head

kauko- (comparative kauempi, superlative kauin)

kauempi (comparative)
kauin (superlative)
kauko- (nominative singular)
kaukaa (partitive singular)
kauaa (partitive singular)
kauas (lative singular)
kaukana (essive singular)
kauaksi (singular translative)
kauan (instructive singular)

From the stem *kauka, from Proto-Finnic *kauka-, likely borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hauhaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kewk-. Alternative theory suggests Proto-Finno-Ugric *kawka, ultimately from the same Indo-European root, but comparisons to possible cognates in other Uralic languages, such as Erzya кувака (kuvaka), have been disputed. Cognate to Estonian kauge and Votic kauka.


lähi-

lähi- (comparative lähempi, superlative lähin)

lähempi (comparative)
lähin (superlative)
lähi- (nominative singular)
lähes (lative singular)
lähellä (adessive singular)
läheltä (ablative singular)
lähelle (allative singular)
lähitse (prolative singular)
läsnä (essive singular)
lähekkäin (singular situative)
lähetysten (oppositive singular)

From Proto-Finnic *lähe- (compare Estonian läheda (adjective), Livonian ležgõl (adverb), Livvi ľähekkäh (adverb) and Votic lʹähe (adverb)), from Proto-Uralic *läse (compare Eastern Mari лишне (ĺišńe), Tundra Nenets ет’ (yet’) and possibly Hungarian le-).

lähitulevaisuus


liki-

liki- (nominative singular)
liki (lative singular)
likellä (adessive singular)
likeltä (ablative singular)
likelle (allative singular)
likitse (prolative singular)

From Proto-Finnic *liki, from Proto-Finno-Permic *like. Cognates include Estonian ligi, Ingrian liki, Votic litši and Northern Sami lahka.


etä-

etä- (nominative singular)
etäällä (singular superessive)
etäältä (delative singular)
etäälle (singular sublative)
etänä (essive singular)

From Proto-Finnic *etä, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *ečkä, *ečä. Cognate with Moksha ичкозе (ičkoźe, “far”).

etäoppiminen

etäsukukieli

etäkokous

etätyö

etäopettaja

distant, remote, long-distance, far-off, remote, tele-, e-


poikki-

poikki- (nominative singular)
pois (lative singular)
poikki (lative singular)
poissa (inessive singular)
poikitse (prolative singular)
poikittain (singular situative)
poikin (instructive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *poikki. Related to Karelian poikki and Votic põittši.


ulko-

ulko- (comparative ulompi, superlative uloin)

ulompi (comparative)
uloin (superlative)
ulko- (nominative singular)
ulkoa (partitive singular)
ulos (lative singular)
ulolla (adessive singular)
ulolta (ablative singular)
ulolle (allative singular)
ulkona (essive singular)

From Proto-Finnic *ulko, from Proto-Finno-Permic *ulka. Cognates include Northern Sami olgu, Ume Sami ulks and Komi-Zyrian ылавны (ylavny).

ulkopinta

ulkopuoli

ulkopolitiikka

ulkokiinalainen

overseas (living outside one's own country)

ulkogrilli


seka-

seka- (nominative singular)
seassa (inessive singular)
seasta (elative singular)
sekaan (illative singular)
sekaisin (distributive temporal)

From Proto-Finnic *seka, possibly from Proto-Uralic *sekä (“inside, interior”), thus "among" (also see seassa) and later "mixed". The word has (presumably original) front vowels in Võro but back vowels elsewhere.


vasta-

vasta- (nominative singular)
vastassa (inessive singular)
vastaan (illative singular)
vastakkain (singular situative)
vastatusten (oppositive singular)
vasten (instructive singular)
vastoin (instructive plural)

[ˈʋɑ̝s̠tɑ̝-]

From Proto-Finnic *vasta, from Proto-Finno-Permic *wasta (“a place opposite or across”). Related to Estonian vast, Karelian vasta, Livonian vastõ, Livvi vastah, Veps vast, Võro vasta, Votic vassõ, Northern Sami vuostá (“towards, against”), Erzya васта (vasta, “spouse”), вастомс (vastoms, “to meet”), Moksha васта (vasta, “spot, place”) and probably Eastern Mari ваштареш (vaštareš, “against”).

cog

counter-, anti- (expressing opposition or contrast)

new-, freshly, just, recently (expressing that something took place recently)


sisä-

sisä- (nominative singular)
sisässä (inessive singular)
sisästä (elative singular)
sisään (illative singular)
sisällä (adessive singular)
sisältä (ablative singular)
sisälle (allative singular)
sisäkkäin (singular situative)
sisätysten (oppositive singular)

From Proto-Finnic *sicä, from Proto-Finno-Permic *śićä. Cognate with Moksha сезем (śeźem).

inner, internal, interior, inward; indoor; inland


ala-

head

ala- (comparative alempi, superlative alin)

alempi (comparative)
alin (superlative)
ala- (nominative singular)
alhaalla (singular superessive)
alhaalta (delative singular)
alhaalle (singular sublative)
alas (lative singular)
alla (adessive singular)
alta (ablative singular)
alle (allative singular)
ali (prolative singular)
alitse (prolative singular)
allekkain (singular situative)
alakkain (singular situative)
alatusten (oppositive singular)

From Proto-Finnic *ala, from Proto-Uralic *ëla. Cognate with Estonian ala-, Erzya ало (alo) and Hungarian alatt.


nyky-

From Proto-Finnic *nükü, from Proto-Finno-Permic *nikɜ, *nükɜ. Also related to nyt (“now”), Erzya ней (ńej, “now”) and Komi-Zyrian нин (ńin, “already”).


ensi-

See ensi. The variant enta- is found in some derivations; this variation goes back to Proto-Finnic (*enta).


-lla

-lla (front vowel harmony variant -llä, linguistic notation -llA)

From Proto-Finnic *-lla, from earlier *-l-na, composed of an element *-l(l)- (external locative infix; see -lle) and the essive/locative suffix *-na. Compare Moksha -ла (-la) in фтала (ftala, “behind”).


-tella

-tella (front vowel harmony variant -tellä, stem -ttele-, linguistic notation -ttele- or -tellA)

-tellä (front-vowel)
-ttele- (stem)
-ttelen (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -ttele (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -tellut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -tellut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-ttelet (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -ttele (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -tellut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -tellut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-ttelee (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -ttele (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -tellut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -tellut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-ttelemme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -ttele (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -telleet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -telleet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-ttelette (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -ttele (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -telleet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -telleet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-ttelevat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ttele (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -telleet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -telleet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-tellaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -tella (indicative negative passive present)
on -teltu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -teltu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-ttelin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -tellut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -tellut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -tellut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-ttelit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -tellut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -tellut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -tellut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-tteli (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -tellut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -tellut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -tellut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-ttelimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -telleet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -telleet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -telleet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-ttelitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -telleet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -telleet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -telleet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-ttelivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -telleet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -telleet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -telleet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-teltiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -teltu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -teltu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -teltu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-ttelisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -ttelisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -tellut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -tellut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-ttelisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -ttelisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -tellut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -tellut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-ttelisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -ttelisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -tellut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -tellut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-ttelisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -ttelisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -telleet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -telleet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-ttelisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -ttelisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -telleet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -telleet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-ttelisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ttelisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -telleet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -telleet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-teltaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -teltaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -teltu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -teltu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-ttele (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -ttele (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-telkoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -telko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -tellut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -tellut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-telkaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -telko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-telkaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -telko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-telkoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -telko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -telleet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -telleet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-teltakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -teltako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -teltu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -teltu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-tellen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -telle (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -tellut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -tellut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-tellet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -telle (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -tellut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -tellut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-tellee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -telle (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -tellut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -tellut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-tellemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -telle (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -telleet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -telleet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-tellette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -telle (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -telleet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -telleet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-tellevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -telle (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -telleet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -telleet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-teltaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -teltane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -teltu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -teltu (negative passive perfect potential)
-tella (infinitive infinitive-i)
-tteleva (active participle present)
-teltava (participle passive present)
-tellakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-tellaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-tellaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-tellaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-tellakseen (possessive third-person)
-tellaksensa (possessive third-person)
-tellut (infinitive-i-long past)
-teltu (infinitive-i-long past)
-tellessa (inessive second-person)
-teltaessa (inessive second-person)
-ttelema (agent)
-tellessani (first-person possessive singular)
-tellessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-tellessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-tellessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-tellessaan (possessive third-person)
-tellessansa (possessive third-person)
-ttelematon (inessive negative second-person)
-tellen (instructive second-person)
-ttelemassa (inessive third-person)
-ttelemasta (elative third-person)
-ttelemaan (illative third-person)
-ttelemalla (adessive third-person)
-ttelematta (abessive third-person)
-tteleman (instructive third-person)
-teltaman (instructive third-person)
-tteleminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-ttelemaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-ttelemaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-ttelemaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-ttelemaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-ttelemaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-ttelemaisillansa (possessive third-person)

-ttaa + -ella; the first suffix was adapted by analogy from the causative meaning, taking to "to refer to as" as well as probably later "to act like", while the -ella is a frequentative suffix. The analogy may have also taken place only after the use of -tella in its literal (causative-frequentative) sense for some verbs.

neiti (“miss”) + -tella → neiditellä (“to call someone "miss"”)

Forms verbs for calling someone by a name or a label.

hurskas (“pious”) + -tella → hurskastella (“to be hypocritical”)

Forms verbs that describe act of pretending to be something.


vara-

varakengät

vararengas

varasuunnitelma

varaventtiili

varalaskupaikka

extra, spare, contingency, safety, emergency, backup, reserve, standby

varapresidentti

varajäsen

varakuvernööri

varaprofessori

varapuolustaja

vice, deputy, lieutenant, assistant, (sports) substitute, second-string


-va

-va (front vowel harmony variant -vä, linguistic notation -vA)

-vä (front-vowel)
-va (nominative singular)
-vat (nominative plural)
-va (accusative nominative singular)
-vat (accusative nominative plural)
-van (accusative genitive singular)
-vat (accusative genitive plural)
-van (genitive singular)
-vien (genitive plural)
-vain (genitive plural rare)
-vaa (partitive singular)
-via (partitive plural)
-vassa (inessive singular)
-vissa (inessive plural)
-vasta (elative singular)
-vista (elative plural)
-vaan (illative singular)
-viin (illative plural)
-valla (adessive singular)
-villa (adessive plural)
-valta (ablative singular)
-vilta (ablative plural)
-valle (allative singular)
-ville (allative plural)
-vana (essive singular)
-vina (essive plural)
-vaksi (singular translative)
-viksi (plural translative)
-vatta (abessive singular)
-vitta (abessive plural)
-vin (instructive plural)
-vine (comitative plural)
-vani (nominative singular)
-vani (nominative plural)
-vani (accusative nominative singular)
-vani (accusative nominative plural)
-vani (accusative genitive singular)
-vani (accusative genitive plural)
-vani (genitive singular)
-vieni (genitive plural)
-vaini (genitive plural rare)
-vaani (partitive singular)
-viani (partitive plural)
-vassani (inessive singular)
-vissani (inessive plural)
-vastani (elative singular)
-vistani (elative plural)
-vaani (illative singular)
-viini (illative plural)
-vallani (adessive singular)
-villani (adessive plural)
-valtani (ablative singular)
-viltani (ablative plural)
-valleni (allative singular)
-villeni (allative plural)
-vanani (essive singular)
-vinani (essive plural)
-vakseni (singular translative)
-vikseni (plural translative)
-vattani (abessive singular)
-vittani (abessive plural)
-vineni (comitative plural)
-vasi (nominative singular)
-vasi (nominative plural)
-vasi (accusative nominative singular)
-vasi (accusative nominative plural)
-vasi (accusative genitive singular)
-vasi (accusative genitive plural)
-vasi (genitive singular)
-viesi (genitive plural)
-vaisi (genitive plural rare)
-vaasi (partitive singular)
-viasi (partitive plural)
-vassasi (inessive singular)
-vissasi (inessive plural)
-vastasi (elative singular)
-vistasi (elative plural)
-vaasi (illative singular)
-viisi (illative plural)
-vallasi (adessive singular)
-villasi (adessive plural)
-valtasi (ablative singular)
-viltasi (ablative plural)
-vallesi (allative singular)
-villesi (allative plural)
-vanasi (essive singular)
-vinasi (essive plural)
-vaksesi (singular translative)
-viksesi (plural translative)
-vattasi (abessive singular)
-vittasi (abessive plural)
-vinesi (comitative plural)
-vamme (nominative singular)
-vamme (nominative plural)
-vamme (accusative nominative singular)
-vamme (accusative nominative plural)
-vamme (accusative genitive singular)
-vamme (accusative genitive plural)
-vamme (genitive singular)
-viemme (genitive plural)
-vaimme (genitive plural rare)
-vaamme (partitive singular)
-viamme (partitive plural)
-vassamme (inessive singular)
-vissamme (inessive plural)
-vastamme (elative singular)
-vistamme (elative plural)
-vaamme (illative singular)
-viimme (illative plural)
-vallamme (adessive singular)
-villamme (adessive plural)
-valtamme (ablative singular)
-viltamme (ablative plural)
-vallemme (allative singular)
-villemme (allative plural)
-vanamme (essive singular)
-vinamme (essive plural)
-vaksemme (singular translative)
-viksemme (plural translative)
-vattamme (abessive singular)
-vittamme (abessive plural)
-vinemme (comitative plural)
-vanne (nominative singular)
-vanne (nominative plural)
-vanne (accusative nominative singular)
-vanne (accusative nominative plural)
-vanne (accusative genitive singular)
-vanne (accusative genitive plural)
-vanne (genitive singular)
-vienne (genitive plural)
-vainne (genitive plural rare)
-vaanne (partitive singular)
-vianne (partitive plural)
-vassanne (inessive singular)
-vissanne (inessive plural)
-vastanne (elative singular)
-vistanne (elative plural)
-vaanne (illative singular)
-viinne (illative plural)
-vallanne (adessive singular)
-villanne (adessive plural)
-valtanne (ablative singular)
-viltanne (ablative plural)
-vallenne (allative singular)
-villenne (allative plural)
-vananne (essive singular)
-vinanne (essive plural)
-vaksenne (singular translative)
-viksenne (plural translative)
-vattanne (abessive singular)
-vittanne (abessive plural)
-vinenne (comitative plural)
-vansa (nominative singular)
-vansa (nominative plural)
-vansa (accusative nominative singular)
-vansa (accusative nominative plural)
-vansa (accusative genitive singular)
-vansa (accusative genitive plural)
-vansa (genitive singular)
-viensa (genitive plural)
-vainsa (genitive plural rare)
-vaansa (partitive singular)
-viaan (partitive plural)
-viansa (partitive plural)
-vassaan (inessive singular)
-vassansa (inessive singular)
-vissaan (inessive plural)
-vissansa (inessive plural)
-vastaan (elative singular)
-vastansa (elative singular)
-vistaan (elative plural)
-vistansa (elative plural)
-vaansa (illative singular)
-viinsa (illative plural)
-vallaan (adessive singular)
-vallansa (adessive singular)
-villaan (adessive plural)
-villansa (adessive plural)
-valtaan (ablative singular)
-valtansa (ablative singular)
-viltaan (ablative plural)
-viltansa (ablative plural)
-valleen (allative singular)
-vallensa (allative singular)
-villeen (allative plural)
-villensa (allative plural)
-vanaan (essive singular)
-vanansa (essive singular)
-vinaan (essive plural)
-vinansa (essive plural)
-vakseen (singular translative)
-vaksensa (singular translative)
-vikseen (plural translative)
-viksensa (plural translative)
-vattaan (abessive singular)
-vattansa (abessive singular)
-vittaan (abessive plural)
-vittansa (abessive plural)
-vineen (comitative plural)
-vinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-pa, from Proto-Uralic *-pa. In the participial sense, the Finnish form descends from the weak-grade variant *-ba, which was eventually extended by analogy to all verbs. The original strong grade remains as -pa in a few words (e.g. syöpä, käypä, kaikkivoipa), but these have lost their verbal meaning. The adjective ending has also been generalized to its weak form (*-ba) through similar developments.

kirjoittaa (“to write”) + -va → kirjoittava (“writing, that writes”)

punertaa (“to redden”) + -va → punertava (“reddish”)

Forms the present active participle of a verb, which is normally used like an adjective. The English equivalent is normally -ing, but sometimes also -ish.

liha (“flesh, meat”) + -va → lihava (“fat”)

käsi (“hand”) + -va → kätevä (“handy”)

tila (“space”) + -va → tilava (“spacious”)

terä (“cutting edge”) + -va → terävä (“sharp”)

rinta (“breast”) + -va → rintava (“buxom”)


-mäinen

-mäinen (nominative singular)
-mäiset (nominative plural)
-mäinen (accusative nominative singular)
-mäiset (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisen (accusative genitive singular)
-mäiset (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisen (genitive singular)
-mäisten (genitive plural)
-mäisien (genitive plural)
-mäistä (partitive singular)
-mäisiä (partitive plural)
-mäisessä (inessive singular)
-mäisissä (inessive plural)
-mäisestä (elative singular)
-mäisistä (elative plural)
-mäiseen (illative singular)
-mäisiin (illative plural)
-mäisellä (adessive singular)
-mäisillä (adessive plural)
-mäiseltä (ablative singular)
-mäisiltä (ablative plural)
-mäiselle (allative singular)
-mäisille (allative plural)
-mäisenä (essive singular)
-mäisinä (essive plural)
-mäiseksi (singular translative)
-mäisiksi (plural translative)
-mäisettä (abessive singular)
-mäisittä (abessive plural)
-mäisin (instructive plural)
-mäisine (comitative plural)
-mäiseni (nominative singular)
-mäiseni (nominative plural)
-mäiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-mäiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-mäiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-mäiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-mäiseni (genitive singular)
-mäisteni (genitive plural)
-mäisieni (genitive plural)
-mäistäni (partitive singular)
-mäisiäni (partitive plural)
-mäisessäni (inessive singular)
-mäisissäni (inessive plural)
-mäisestäni (elative singular)
-mäisistäni (elative plural)
-mäiseeni (illative singular)
-mäisiini (illative plural)
-mäiselläni (adessive singular)
-mäisilläni (adessive plural)
-mäiseltäni (ablative singular)
-mäisiltäni (ablative plural)
-mäiselleni (allative singular)
-mäisilleni (allative plural)
-mäisenäni (essive singular)
-mäisinäni (essive plural)
-mäisekseni (singular translative)
-mäisikseni (plural translative)
-mäisettäni (abessive singular)
-mäisittäni (abessive plural)
-mäisineni (comitative plural)
-mäisesi (nominative singular)
-mäisesi (nominative plural)
-mäisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisesi (genitive singular)
-mäistesi (genitive plural)
-mäisiesi (genitive plural)
-mäistäsi (partitive singular)
-mäisiäsi (partitive plural)
-mäisessäsi (inessive singular)
-mäisissäsi (inessive plural)
-mäisestäsi (elative singular)
-mäisistäsi (elative plural)
-mäiseesi (illative singular)
-mäisiisi (illative plural)
-mäiselläsi (adessive singular)
-mäisilläsi (adessive plural)
-mäiseltäsi (ablative singular)
-mäisiltäsi (ablative plural)
-mäisellesi (allative singular)
-mäisillesi (allative plural)
-mäisenäsi (essive singular)
-mäisinäsi (essive plural)
-mäiseksesi (singular translative)
-mäisiksesi (plural translative)
-mäisettäsi (abessive singular)
-mäisittäsi (abessive plural)
-mäisinesi (comitative plural)
-mäisemme (nominative singular)
-mäisemme (nominative plural)
-mäisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisemme (genitive singular)
-mäistemme (genitive plural)
-mäisiemme (genitive plural)
-mäistämme (partitive singular)
-mäisiämme (partitive plural)
-mäisessämme (inessive singular)
-mäisissämme (inessive plural)
-mäisestämme (elative singular)
-mäisistämme (elative plural)
-mäiseemme (illative singular)
-mäisiimme (illative plural)
-mäisellämme (adessive singular)
-mäisillämme (adessive plural)
-mäiseltämme (ablative singular)
-mäisiltämme (ablative plural)
-mäisellemme (allative singular)
-mäisillemme (allative plural)
-mäisenämme (essive singular)
-mäisinämme (essive plural)
-mäiseksemme (singular translative)
-mäisiksemme (plural translative)
-mäisettämme (abessive singular)
-mäisittämme (abessive plural)
-mäisinemme (comitative plural)
-mäisenne (nominative singular)
-mäisenne (nominative plural)
-mäisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisenne (genitive singular)
-mäistenne (genitive plural)
-mäisienne (genitive plural)
-mäistänne (partitive singular)
-mäisiänne (partitive plural)
-mäisessänne (inessive singular)
-mäisissänne (inessive plural)
-mäisestänne (elative singular)
-mäisistänne (elative plural)
-mäiseenne (illative singular)
-mäisiinne (illative plural)
-mäisellänne (adessive singular)
-mäisillänne (adessive plural)
-mäiseltänne (ablative singular)
-mäisiltänne (ablative plural)
-mäisellenne (allative singular)
-mäisillenne (allative plural)
-mäisenänne (essive singular)
-mäisinänne (essive plural)
-mäiseksenne (singular translative)
-mäisiksenne (plural translative)
-mäisettänne (abessive singular)
-mäisittänne (abessive plural)
-mäisinenne (comitative plural)
-mäisensä (nominative singular)
-mäisensä (nominative plural)
-mäisensä (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisensä (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisensä (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisensä (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisensä (genitive singular)
-mäistensä (genitive plural)
-mäisiensä (genitive plural)
-mäistään (partitive singular)
-mäistänsä (partitive singular)
-mäisiään (partitive plural)
-mäisiänsä (partitive plural)
-mäisessään (inessive singular)
-mäisessänsä (inessive singular)
-mäisissään (inessive plural)
-mäisissänsä (inessive plural)
-mäisestään (elative singular)
-mäisestänsä (elative singular)
-mäisistään (elative plural)
-mäisistänsä (elative plural)
-mäiseensä (illative singular)
-mäisiinsä (illative plural)
-mäisellään (adessive singular)
-mäisellänsä (adessive singular)
-mäisillään (adessive plural)
-mäisillänsä (adessive plural)
-mäiseltään (ablative singular)
-mäiseltänsä (ablative singular)
-mäisiltään (ablative plural)
-mäisiltänsä (ablative plural)
-mäiselleen (allative singular)
-mäisellensä (allative singular)
-mäisilleen (allative plural)
-mäisillensä (allative plural)
-mäisenään (essive singular)
-mäisenänsä (essive singular)
-mäisinään (essive plural)
-mäisinänsä (essive plural)
-mäisekseen (singular translative)
-mäiseksensä (singular translative)
-mäisikseen (plural translative)
-mäisiksensä (plural translative)
-mäisettään (abessive singular)
-mäisettänsä (abessive singular)
-mäisittään (abessive plural)
-mäisittänsä (abessive plural)
-mäisineen (comitative plural)
-mäisinensä (comitative plural)


mikkihiiri-

mikkihiiriraha


-kas

-kas (front vowel harmony variant -käs, linguistic notation -kAs)

-käs (front-vowel)
-kas (nominative singular)
-kkaat (nominative plural)
-kas (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaat (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaan (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaat (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaan (genitive singular)
-kkaiden (genitive plural)
-kkaitten (genitive plural)
-kasten (genitive plural rare)
-kasta (partitive singular)
-kkaita (partitive plural)
-kkaassa (inessive singular)
-kkaissa (inessive plural)
-kkaasta (elative singular)
-kkaista (elative plural)
-kkaaseen (illative singular)
-kkaisiin (illative plural)
-kkaihin (illative plural rare)
-kkaalla (adessive singular)
-kkailla (adessive plural)
-kkaalta (ablative singular)
-kkailta (ablative plural)
-kkaalle (allative singular)
-kkaille (allative plural)
-kkaana (essive singular)
-kkaina (essive plural)
-kkaaksi (singular translative)
-kkaiksi (plural translative)
-kkaatta (abessive singular)
-kkaitta (abessive plural)
-kkain (instructive plural)
-kkaine (comitative plural)
-kkaani (nominative singular)
-kkaani (nominative plural)
-kkaani (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaani (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaani (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaani (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaani (genitive singular)
-kkaideni (genitive plural)
-kkaitteni (genitive plural)
-kasteni (genitive plural rare)
-kastani (partitive singular)
-kkaitani (partitive plural)
-kkaassani (inessive singular)
-kkaissani (inessive plural)
-kkaastani (elative singular)
-kkaistani (elative plural)
-kkaaseeni (illative singular)
-kkaisiini (illative plural)
-kkaihini (illative plural rare)
-kkaallani (adessive singular)
-kkaillani (adessive plural)
-kkaaltani (ablative singular)
-kkailtani (ablative plural)
-kkaalleni (allative singular)
-kkailleni (allative plural)
-kkaanani (essive singular)
-kkainani (essive plural)
-kkaakseni (singular translative)
-kkaikseni (plural translative)
-kkaattani (abessive singular)
-kkaittani (abessive plural)
-kkaineni (comitative plural)
-kkaasi (nominative singular)
-kkaasi (nominative plural)
-kkaasi (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaasi (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaasi (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaasi (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaasi (genitive singular)
-kkaidesi (genitive plural)
-kkaittesi (genitive plural)
-kastesi (genitive plural rare)
-kastasi (partitive singular)
-kkaitasi (partitive plural)
-kkaassasi (inessive singular)
-kkaissasi (inessive plural)
-kkaastasi (elative singular)
-kkaistasi (elative plural)
-kkaaseesi (illative singular)
-kkaisiisi (illative plural)
-kkaihisi (illative plural rare)
-kkaallasi (adessive singular)
-kkaillasi (adessive plural)
-kkaaltasi (ablative singular)
-kkailtasi (ablative plural)
-kkaallesi (allative singular)
-kkaillesi (allative plural)
-kkaanasi (essive singular)
-kkainasi (essive plural)
-kkaaksesi (singular translative)
-kkaiksesi (plural translative)
-kkaattasi (abessive singular)
-kkaittasi (abessive plural)
-kkainesi (comitative plural)
-kkaamme (nominative singular)
-kkaamme (nominative plural)
-kkaamme (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaamme (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaamme (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaamme (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaamme (genitive singular)
-kkaidemme (genitive plural)
-kkaittemme (genitive plural)
-kastemme (genitive plural rare)
-kastamme (partitive singular)
-kkaitamme (partitive plural)
-kkaassamme (inessive singular)
-kkaissamme (inessive plural)
-kkaastamme (elative singular)
-kkaistamme (elative plural)
-kkaaseemme (illative singular)
-kkaisiimme (illative plural)
-kkaihimme (illative plural rare)
-kkaallamme (adessive singular)
-kkaillamme (adessive plural)
-kkaaltamme (ablative singular)
-kkailtamme (ablative plural)
-kkaallemme (allative singular)
-kkaillemme (allative plural)
-kkaanamme (essive singular)
-kkainamme (essive plural)
-kkaaksemme (singular translative)
-kkaiksemme (plural translative)
-kkaattamme (abessive singular)
-kkaittamme (abessive plural)
-kkainemme (comitative plural)
-kkaanne (nominative singular)
-kkaanne (nominative plural)
-kkaanne (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaanne (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaanne (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaanne (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaanne (genitive singular)
-kkaidenne (genitive plural)
-kkaittenne (genitive plural)
-kastenne (genitive plural rare)
-kastanne (partitive singular)
-kkaitanne (partitive plural)
-kkaassanne (inessive singular)
-kkaissanne (inessive plural)
-kkaastanne (elative singular)
-kkaistanne (elative plural)
-kkaaseenne (illative singular)
-kkaisiinne (illative plural)
-kkaihinne (illative plural rare)
-kkaallanne (adessive singular)
-kkaillanne (adessive plural)
-kkaaltanne (ablative singular)
-kkailtanne (ablative plural)
-kkaallenne (allative singular)
-kkaillenne (allative plural)
-kkaananne (essive singular)
-kkainanne (essive plural)
-kkaaksenne (singular translative)
-kkaiksenne (plural translative)
-kkaattanne (abessive singular)
-kkaittanne (abessive plural)
-kkainenne (comitative plural)
-kkaansa (nominative singular)
-kkaansa (nominative plural)
-kkaansa (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaansa (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaansa (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaansa (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaansa (genitive singular)
-kkaidensa (genitive plural)
-kkaittensa (genitive plural)
-kastensa (genitive plural rare)
-kastaan (partitive singular)
-kastansa (partitive singular)
-kkaitaan (partitive plural)
-kkaitansa (partitive plural)
-kkaassaan (inessive singular)
-kkaassansa (inessive singular)
-kkaissaan (inessive plural)
-kkaissansa (inessive plural)
-kkaastaan (elative singular)
-kkaastansa (elative singular)
-kkaistaan (elative plural)
-kkaistansa (elative plural)
-kkaaseensa (illative singular)
-kkaisiinsa (illative plural)
-kkaihinsa (illative plural rare)
-kkaallaan (adessive singular)
-kkaallansa (adessive singular)
-kkaillaan (adessive plural)
-kkaillansa (adessive plural)
-kkaaltaan (ablative singular)
-kkaaltansa (ablative singular)
-kkailtaan (ablative plural)
-kkailtansa (ablative plural)
-kkaalleen (allative singular)
-kkaallensa (allative singular)
-kkailleen (allative plural)
-kkaillensa (allative plural)
-kkaanaan (essive singular)
-kkaanansa (essive singular)
-kkainaan (essive plural)
-kkainansa (essive plural)
-kkaakseen (singular translative)
-kkaaksensa (singular translative)
-kkaikseen (plural translative)
-kkaiksensa (plural translative)
-kkaattaan (abessive singular)
-kkaattansa (abessive singular)
-kkaittaan (abessive plural)
-kkaittansa (abessive plural)
-kkaineen (comitative plural)
-kkainensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Equivalent to -kka + -as.

kukka (“flower”) + -kas → kukikas (“flower-patterned”)

raha (“money”) + -kas → rahakas (“lucrative”)

taito (“skill”) + -kas → taidokas (“skilful”)

voima (“power”) + -kas → voimakas (“powerful”)

ääni (“noise”) + -kas → äänekäs (“noisy”)

harteet (“shoulders”) + -kas → harteikas (“broad-shouldered”)

nenä (“nose”) + -kas → nenäkäs (“saucy”)

-y, -ful; a suffix that can be used to turn many, but not all, nouns into adjectives that indicate abundant presence of the thing expressed by the noun.

asia (“errand, matter”) + -kas → asiakas (“customer”)

ora (“thorn”) + -kas → orakas (“hydnoid mushroom”)

Forms nouns chacterized by an abundance of the base word.

kuiva (“dry”) + -kas → kuivakas (“dryish”)

-ish; a suffix that forms moderative adjectives; rare in standard Finnish.

juuri (“root”) + -kas → juurikas (“root vegetable”)

pudota (“to fall”) + -kas → pudokas (“fallen object”)

Forms nouns indicating a concept associated with the base word from nouns or verbs.


-yys

-yys (nominative singular)
-yydet (nominative plural)
-yys (accusative nominative singular)
-yydet (accusative nominative plural)
-yyden (accusative genitive singular)
-yydet (accusative genitive plural)
-yyden (genitive singular)
-yyksien (genitive plural)
-yyttä (partitive singular)
-yyksiä (partitive plural)
-yydessä (inessive singular)
-yyksissä (inessive plural)
-yydestä (elative singular)
-yyksistä (elative plural)
-yyteen (illative singular)
-yyksiin (illative plural)
-yydellä (adessive singular)
-yyksillä (adessive plural)
-yydeltä (ablative singular)
-yyksiltä (ablative plural)
-yydelle (allative singular)
-yyksille (allative plural)
-yytenä (essive singular)
-yyksinä (essive plural)
-yydeksi (singular translative)
-yyksiksi (plural translative)
-yydettä (abessive singular)
-yyksittä (abessive plural)
-yyksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-yyteni (nominative singular)
-yyteni (nominative plural)
-yyteni (accusative nominative singular)
-yyteni (accusative nominative plural)
-yyteni (accusative genitive singular)
-yyteni (accusative genitive plural)
-yyteni (genitive singular)
-yyksieni (genitive plural)
-yyttäni (partitive singular)
-yyksiäni (partitive plural)
-yydessäni (inessive singular)
-yyksissäni (inessive plural)
-yydestäni (elative singular)
-yyksistäni (elative plural)
-yyteeni (illative singular)
-yyksiini (illative plural)
-yydelläni (adessive singular)
-yyksilläni (adessive plural)
-yydeltäni (ablative singular)
-yyksiltäni (ablative plural)
-yydelleni (allative singular)
-yyksilleni (allative plural)
-yytenäni (essive singular)
-yyksinäni (essive plural)
-yydekseni (singular translative)
-yyksikseni (plural translative)
-yydettäni (abessive singular)
-yyksittäni (abessive plural)
-yyksineni (comitative plural)
-yytesi (nominative singular)
-yytesi (nominative plural)
-yytesi (accusative nominative singular)
-yytesi (accusative nominative plural)
-yytesi (accusative genitive singular)
-yytesi (accusative genitive plural)
-yytesi (genitive singular)
-yyksiesi (genitive plural)
-yyttäsi (partitive singular)
-yyksiäsi (partitive plural)
-yydessäsi (inessive singular)
-yyksissäsi (inessive plural)
-yydestäsi (elative singular)
-yyksistäsi (elative plural)
-yyteesi (illative singular)
-yyksiisi (illative plural)
-yydelläsi (adessive singular)
-yyksilläsi (adessive plural)
-yydeltäsi (ablative singular)
-yyksiltäsi (ablative plural)
-yydellesi (allative singular)
-yyksillesi (allative plural)
-yytenäsi (essive singular)
-yyksinäsi (essive plural)
-yydeksesi (singular translative)
-yyksiksesi (plural translative)
-yydettäsi (abessive singular)
-yyksittäsi (abessive plural)
-yyksinesi (comitative plural)
-yytemme (nominative singular)
-yytemme (nominative plural)
-yytemme (accusative nominative singular)
-yytemme (accusative nominative plural)
-yytemme (accusative genitive singular)
-yytemme (accusative genitive plural)
-yytemme (genitive singular)
-yyksiemme (genitive plural)
-yyttämme (partitive singular)
-yyksiämme (partitive plural)
-yydessämme (inessive singular)
-yyksissämme (inessive plural)
-yydestämme (elative singular)
-yyksistämme (elative plural)
-yyteemme (illative singular)
-yyksiimme (illative plural)
-yydellämme (adessive singular)
-yyksillämme (adessive plural)
-yydeltämme (ablative singular)
-yyksiltämme (ablative plural)
-yydellemme (allative singular)
-yyksillemme (allative plural)
-yytenämme (essive singular)
-yyksinämme (essive plural)
-yydeksemme (singular translative)
-yyksiksemme (plural translative)
-yydettämme (abessive singular)
-yyksittämme (abessive plural)
-yyksinemme (comitative plural)
-yytenne (nominative singular)
-yytenne (nominative plural)
-yytenne (accusative nominative singular)
-yytenne (accusative nominative plural)
-yytenne (accusative genitive singular)
-yytenne (accusative genitive plural)
-yytenne (genitive singular)
-yyksienne (genitive plural)
-yyttänne (partitive singular)
-yyksiänne (partitive plural)
-yydessänne (inessive singular)
-yyksissänne (inessive plural)
-yydestänne (elative singular)
-yyksistänne (elative plural)
-yyteenne (illative singular)
-yyksiinne (illative plural)
-yydellänne (adessive singular)
-yyksillänne (adessive plural)
-yydeltänne (ablative singular)
-yyksiltänne (ablative plural)
-yydellenne (allative singular)
-yyksillenne (allative plural)
-yytenänne (essive singular)
-yyksinänne (essive plural)
-yydeksenne (singular translative)
-yyksiksenne (plural translative)
-yydettänne (abessive singular)
-yyksittänne (abessive plural)
-yyksinenne (comitative plural)
-yytensä (nominative singular)
-yytensä (nominative plural)
-yytensä (accusative nominative singular)
-yytensä (accusative nominative plural)
-yytensä (accusative genitive singular)
-yytensä (accusative genitive plural)
-yytensä (genitive singular)
-yyksiensä (genitive plural)
-yyttään (partitive singular)
-yyttänsä (partitive singular)
-yyksiään (partitive plural)
-yyksiänsä (partitive plural)
-yydessään (inessive singular)
-yydessänsä (inessive singular)
-yyksissään (inessive plural)
-yyksissänsä (inessive plural)
-yydestään (elative singular)
-yydestänsä (elative singular)
-yyksistään (elative plural)
-yyksistänsä (elative plural)
-yyteensä (illative singular)
-yyksiinsä (illative plural)
-yydellään (adessive singular)
-yydellänsä (adessive singular)
-yyksillään (adessive plural)
-yyksillänsä (adessive plural)
-yydeltään (ablative singular)
-yydeltänsä (ablative singular)
-yyksiltään (ablative plural)
-yyksiltänsä (ablative plural)
-yydelleen (allative singular)
-yydellensä (allative singular)
-yyksilleen (allative plural)
-yyksillensä (allative plural)
-yytenään (essive singular)
-yytenänsä (essive singular)
-yyksinään (essive plural)
-yyksinänsä (essive plural)
-yydekseen (singular translative)
-yydeksensä (singular translative)
-yyksikseen (plural translative)
-yyksiksensä (plural translative)
-yydettään (abessive singular)
-yydettänsä (abessive singular)
-yyksittään (abessive plural)
-yyksittänsä (abessive plural)
-yyksineen (comitative plural)
-yyksinensä (comitative plural)


-uus

-uus (front vowel harmony variant -yys, linguistic notation -UUs)

-yys (front-vowel)
-uus (nominative singular)
-uudet (nominative plural)
-uus (accusative nominative singular)
-uudet (accusative nominative plural)
-uuden (accusative genitive singular)
-uudet (accusative genitive plural)
-uuden (genitive singular)
-uuksien (genitive plural)
-uutta (partitive singular)
-uuksia (partitive plural)
-uudessa (inessive singular)
-uuksissa (inessive plural)
-uudesta (elative singular)
-uuksista (elative plural)
-uuteen (illative singular)
-uuksiin (illative plural)
-uudella (adessive singular)
-uuksilla (adessive plural)
-uudelta (ablative singular)
-uuksilta (ablative plural)
-uudelle (allative singular)
-uuksille (allative plural)
-uutena (essive singular)
-uuksina (essive plural)
-uudeksi (singular translative)
-uuksiksi (plural translative)
-uudetta (abessive singular)
-uuksitta (abessive plural)
-uuksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-uuteni (nominative singular)
-uuteni (nominative plural)
-uuteni (accusative nominative singular)
-uuteni (accusative nominative plural)
-uuteni (accusative genitive singular)
-uuteni (accusative genitive plural)
-uuteni (genitive singular)
-uuksieni (genitive plural)
-uuttani (partitive singular)
-uuksiani (partitive plural)
-uudessani (inessive singular)
-uuksissani (inessive plural)
-uudestani (elative singular)
-uuksistani (elative plural)
-uuteeni (illative singular)
-uuksiini (illative plural)
-uudellani (adessive singular)
-uuksillani (adessive plural)
-uudeltani (ablative singular)
-uuksiltani (ablative plural)
-uudelleni (allative singular)
-uuksilleni (allative plural)
-uutenani (essive singular)
-uuksinani (essive plural)
-uudekseni (singular translative)
-uuksikseni (plural translative)
-uudettani (abessive singular)
-uuksittani (abessive plural)
-uuksineni (comitative plural)
-uutesi (nominative singular)
-uutesi (nominative plural)
-uutesi (accusative nominative singular)
-uutesi (accusative nominative plural)
-uutesi (accusative genitive singular)
-uutesi (accusative genitive plural)
-uutesi (genitive singular)
-uuksiesi (genitive plural)
-uuttasi (partitive singular)
-uuksiasi (partitive plural)
-uudessasi (inessive singular)
-uuksissasi (inessive plural)
-uudestasi (elative singular)
-uuksistasi (elative plural)
-uuteesi (illative singular)
-uuksiisi (illative plural)
-uudellasi (adessive singular)
-uuksillasi (adessive plural)
-uudeltasi (ablative singular)
-uuksiltasi (ablative plural)
-uudellesi (allative singular)
-uuksillesi (allative plural)
-uutenasi (essive singular)
-uuksinasi (essive plural)
-uudeksesi (singular translative)
-uuksiksesi (plural translative)
-uudettasi (abessive singular)
-uuksittasi (abessive plural)
-uuksinesi (comitative plural)
-uutemme (nominative singular)
-uutemme (nominative plural)
-uutemme (accusative nominative singular)
-uutemme (accusative nominative plural)
-uutemme (accusative genitive singular)
-uutemme (accusative genitive plural)
-uutemme (genitive singular)
-uuksiemme (genitive plural)
-uuttamme (partitive singular)
-uuksiamme (partitive plural)
-uudessamme (inessive singular)
-uuksissamme (inessive plural)
-uudestamme (elative singular)
-uuksistamme (elative plural)
-uuteemme (illative singular)
-uuksiimme (illative plural)
-uudellamme (adessive singular)
-uuksillamme (adessive plural)
-uudeltamme (ablative singular)
-uuksiltamme (ablative plural)
-uudellemme (allative singular)
-uuksillemme (allative plural)
-uutenamme (essive singular)
-uuksinamme (essive plural)
-uudeksemme (singular translative)
-uuksiksemme (plural translative)
-uudettamme (abessive singular)
-uuksittamme (abessive plural)
-uuksinemme (comitative plural)
-uutenne (nominative singular)
-uutenne (nominative plural)
-uutenne (accusative nominative singular)
-uutenne (accusative nominative plural)
-uutenne (accusative genitive singular)
-uutenne (accusative genitive plural)
-uutenne (genitive singular)
-uuksienne (genitive plural)
-uuttanne (partitive singular)
-uuksianne (partitive plural)
-uudessanne (inessive singular)
-uuksissanne (inessive plural)
-uudestanne (elative singular)
-uuksistanne (elative plural)
-uuteenne (illative singular)
-uuksiinne (illative plural)
-uudellanne (adessive singular)
-uuksillanne (adessive plural)
-uudeltanne (ablative singular)
-uuksiltanne (ablative plural)
-uudellenne (allative singular)
-uuksillenne (allative plural)
-uutenanne (essive singular)
-uuksinanne (essive plural)
-uudeksenne (singular translative)
-uuksiksenne (plural translative)
-uudettanne (abessive singular)
-uuksittanne (abessive plural)
-uuksinenne (comitative plural)
-uutensa (nominative singular)
-uutensa (nominative plural)
-uutensa (accusative nominative singular)
-uutensa (accusative nominative plural)
-uutensa (accusative genitive singular)
-uutensa (accusative genitive plural)
-uutensa (genitive singular)
-uuksiensa (genitive plural)
-uuttaan (partitive singular)
-uuttansa (partitive singular)
-uuksiaan (partitive plural)
-uuksiansa (partitive plural)
-uudessaan (inessive singular)
-uudessansa (inessive singular)
-uuksissaan (inessive plural)
-uuksissansa (inessive plural)
-uudestaan (elative singular)
-uudestansa (elative singular)
-uuksistaan (elative plural)
-uuksistansa (elative plural)
-uuteensa (illative singular)
-uuksiinsa (illative plural)
-uudellaan (adessive singular)
-uudellansa (adessive singular)
-uuksillaan (adessive plural)
-uuksillansa (adessive plural)
-uudeltaan (ablative singular)
-uudeltansa (ablative singular)
-uuksiltaan (ablative plural)
-uuksiltansa (ablative plural)
-uudelleen (allative singular)
-uudellensa (allative singular)
-uuksilleen (allative plural)
-uuksillensa (allative plural)
-uutenaan (essive singular)
-uutenansa (essive singular)
-uuksinaan (essive plural)
-uuksinansa (essive plural)
-uudekseen (singular translative)
-uudeksensa (singular translative)
-uuksikseen (plural translative)
-uuksiksensa (plural translative)
-uudettaan (abessive singular)
-uudettansa (abessive singular)
-uuksittaan (abessive plural)
-uuksittansa (abessive plural)
-uuksineen (comitative plural)
-uuksinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-uc. The declension has been massively reworked by analogy.
Details on declension
* The oblique plural forms originally declined like those of the käsi type, but were replaced by plurals in -ks- from the type 39 (vastaus) declension, formed on the analogy of the suffix -s.
** Words that had acquired a nominal sense early on have crossed over entirely to type 39 (vastaus): e.g. sisarus (“sibling”), originally a semantic extension from *sisarus > sisaruus (“siblinghood”); vanhus (“old person”), originally a semantic extension from *vanhus > vanhuus (“oldness”).
* The long vowel appearing after consonants originates from a contraction *-ude- > *-ue- > -uu- in the genitive singular and nominative plural of bisyllabic stems, in which the third-syllable unstressed e was assimilated. This was generalized to other case forms of such words as well.
* In trisyllabic stems such as korkea → korkeus, rakas → rakkaus, the suffix would in all inflected forms gain secondary stress, preventing the loss of *-d-. From here *-d- was then reintroduced in the gen. sg. and nom. pl. of bisyllabic stems.
* Root-final consonants in trisyllabic stems were by contrast often lost (e.g. *korkeduden > korkeuden, *rakkahuden > rakkauden), leading to the regular retention of short -u- especially after vowels.
** The rare exceptions to this such as sisar → sisaruus have however also acquired the long-vowel allomorph.

punainen (“red”) + -uus → punaisuus (“redness”)

nerokas (“ingenious”) + -uus → nerokkuus (“ingenuity”)

pyhä (“holy”) + -yys → pyhyys (“holiness”)

jyrkkä (“steep”) + -yys → jyrkkyys (“steepness”)

hauras (“brittle”) + -us → hauraus (“brittleness”)

kaunis (“beautiful”) + -us → kauneus (“beauty”)

komea (“handsome”) + -us → komeus (“handsomeness”)

leveä (“wide”) + -ys → leveys (“width”)

Forms nouns from adjectives, expressing a quality.


-ski

As with many slang suffixes, there are probably multiple origins. The main origin is probably -ska + -i, but there is almost certainly at least some inspiration taken from Russian -ский (-skij).

Slang suffix, generally for nouns (with clipping).


-i-

table
From Proto-Finnic *-i-, from Proto-Uralic *-j (oblique plural marker).

talossa - taloissa

Plural marker in nominal forms, except in nominative case, in which it is -t.


-i-

table
From Proto-Finnic *-i-, from Proto-Uralic *-j (past tense marker).

katson - katsoin