pseudo-

Internationalism (see English pseudo-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ψευδής (pseudḗs).


a-

Internationalism (see English a-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-).


tera-

Internationalism (see English tera-), ultimately from Ancient Greek τέρας (téras).


giga-

Internationalism (see English giga-), ultimately from Ancient Greek γίγας (gígas).


milli-

Internationalism, ultimately from Latin mille.


nano-

Internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek νᾶνος (nânos).


auto-

[ˈɑ̝u̯t̪o̞-]

Internationalism (see English auto-), ultimately from Ancient Greek αὐτο- (auto-).

autobiografia

autonomia

omaelämäkerta

itsehallinto

autopilotti

automaattiohjaus


zoo-

From Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”).


tri-

Internationalism (see English tri-), ultimately from Latin tri-.


mega-

From Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas, “great, large, mighty”).


kilo-

Internationalism, from French kilo-, ultimately from Ancient Greek χίλιοι (khílioi, “one thousand”).


ambi-

From Latin ambi- (“both”), from ambo (“both”).


-y

-y (nominative singular)
-yt (nominative plural)
-y (accusative nominative singular)
-yt (accusative nominative plural)
-yn (accusative genitive singular)
-yt (accusative genitive plural)
-yn (genitive singular)
-yjen (genitive plural)
-yä (partitive singular)
-yjä (partitive plural)
-yssä (inessive singular)
-yissä (inessive plural)
-ystä (elative singular)
-yistä (elative plural)
-yyn (illative singular)
-yihin (illative plural)
-yllä (adessive singular)
-yillä (adessive plural)
-yltä (ablative singular)
-yiltä (ablative plural)
-ylle (allative singular)
-yille (allative plural)
-ynä (essive singular)
-yinä (essive plural)
-yksi (singular translative)
-yiksi (plural translative)
-yttä (abessive singular)
-yittä (abessive plural)
-yin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-yni (nominative singular)
-yni (nominative plural)
-yni (accusative nominative singular)
-yni (accusative nominative plural)
-yni (accusative genitive singular)
-yni (accusative genitive plural)
-yni (genitive singular)
-yjeni (genitive plural)
-yäni (partitive singular)
-yjäni (partitive plural)
-yssäni (inessive singular)
-yissäni (inessive plural)
-ystäni (elative singular)
-yistäni (elative plural)
-yyni (illative singular)
-yihini (illative plural)
-ylläni (adessive singular)
-yilläni (adessive plural)
-yltäni (ablative singular)
-yiltäni (ablative plural)
-ylleni (allative singular)
-yilleni (allative plural)
-ynäni (essive singular)
-yinäni (essive plural)
-ykseni (singular translative)
-yikseni (plural translative)
-yttäni (abessive singular)
-yittäni (abessive plural)
-yineni (comitative plural)
-ysi (nominative singular)
-ysi (nominative plural)
-ysi (accusative nominative singular)
-ysi (accusative nominative plural)
-ysi (accusative genitive singular)
-ysi (accusative genitive plural)
-ysi (genitive singular)
-yjesi (genitive plural)
-yäsi (partitive singular)
-yjäsi (partitive plural)
-yssäsi (inessive singular)
-yissäsi (inessive plural)
-ystäsi (elative singular)
-yistäsi (elative plural)
-yysi (illative singular)
-yihisi (illative plural)
-ylläsi (adessive singular)
-yilläsi (adessive plural)
-yltäsi (ablative singular)
-yiltäsi (ablative plural)
-yllesi (allative singular)
-yillesi (allative plural)
-ynäsi (essive singular)
-yinäsi (essive plural)
-yksesi (singular translative)
-yiksesi (plural translative)
-yttäsi (abessive singular)
-yittäsi (abessive plural)
-yinesi (comitative plural)
-ymme (nominative singular)
-ymme (nominative plural)
-ymme (accusative nominative singular)
-ymme (accusative nominative plural)
-ymme (accusative genitive singular)
-ymme (accusative genitive plural)
-ymme (genitive singular)
-yjemme (genitive plural)
-yämme (partitive singular)
-yjämme (partitive plural)
-yssämme (inessive singular)
-yissämme (inessive plural)
-ystämme (elative singular)
-yistämme (elative plural)
-yymme (illative singular)
-yihimme (illative plural)
-yllämme (adessive singular)
-yillämme (adessive plural)
-yltämme (ablative singular)
-yiltämme (ablative plural)
-yllemme (allative singular)
-yillemme (allative plural)
-ynämme (essive singular)
-yinämme (essive plural)
-yksemme (singular translative)
-yiksemme (plural translative)
-yttämme (abessive singular)
-yittämme (abessive plural)
-yinemme (comitative plural)
-ynne (nominative singular)
-ynne (nominative plural)
-ynne (accusative nominative singular)
-ynne (accusative nominative plural)
-ynne (accusative genitive singular)
-ynne (accusative genitive plural)
-ynne (genitive singular)
-yjenne (genitive plural)
-yänne (partitive singular)
-yjänne (partitive plural)
-yssänne (inessive singular)
-yissänne (inessive plural)
-ystänne (elative singular)
-yistänne (elative plural)
-yynne (illative singular)
-yihinne (illative plural)
-yllänne (adessive singular)
-yillänne (adessive plural)
-yltänne (ablative singular)
-yiltänne (ablative plural)
-yllenne (allative singular)
-yillenne (allative plural)
-ynänne (essive singular)
-yinänne (essive plural)
-yksenne (singular translative)
-yiksenne (plural translative)
-yttänne (abessive singular)
-yittänne (abessive plural)
-yinenne (comitative plural)
-ynsä (nominative singular)
-ynsä (nominative plural)
-ynsä (accusative nominative singular)
-ynsä (accusative nominative plural)
-ynsä (accusative genitive singular)
-ynsä (accusative genitive plural)
-ynsä (genitive singular)
-yjensä (genitive plural)
-yään (partitive singular)
-yänsä (partitive singular)
-yjään (partitive plural)
-yjänsä (partitive plural)
-yssään (inessive singular)
-yssänsä (inessive singular)
-yissään (inessive plural)
-yissänsä (inessive plural)
-ystään (elative singular)
-ystänsä (elative singular)
-yistään (elative plural)
-yistänsä (elative plural)
-yynsä (illative singular)
-yihinsä (illative plural)
-yllään (adessive singular)
-yllänsä (adessive singular)
-yillään (adessive plural)
-yillänsä (adessive plural)
-yltään (ablative singular)
-yltänsä (ablative singular)
-yiltään (ablative plural)
-yiltänsä (ablative plural)
-ylleen (allative singular)
-yllensä (allative singular)
-yilleen (allative plural)
-yillensä (allative plural)
-ynään (essive singular)
-ynänsä (essive singular)
-yinään (essive plural)
-yinänsä (essive plural)
-ykseen (singular translative)
-yksensä (singular translative)
-yikseen (plural translative)
-yiksensä (plural translative)
-yttään (abessive singular)
-yttänsä (abessive singular)
-yittään (abessive plural)
-yittänsä (abessive plural)
-yineen (comitative plural)
-yinensä (comitative plural)
-y (nominative singular)
-yt (nominative plural)
-y (accusative nominative singular)
-yt (accusative nominative plural)
-yn (accusative genitive singular)
-yt (accusative genitive plural)
-yn (genitive singular)
-yjen (genitive plural)
-yiden (genitive plural)
-yitten (genitive plural)
-yä (partitive singular)
-yjä (partitive plural)
-yitä (partitive plural)
-yssä (inessive singular)
-yissä (inessive plural)
-ystä (elative singular)
-yistä (elative plural)
-yyn (illative singular)
-yihin (illative plural)
-yllä (adessive singular)
-yillä (adessive plural)
-yltä (ablative singular)
-yiltä (ablative plural)
-ylle (allative singular)
-yille (allative plural)
-ynä (essive singular)
-yinä (essive plural)
-yksi (singular translative)
-yiksi (plural translative)
-yttä (abessive singular)
-yittä (abessive plural)
-yin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-yni (nominative singular)
-yni (nominative plural)
-yni (accusative nominative singular)
-yni (accusative nominative plural)
-yni (accusative genitive singular)
-yni (accusative genitive plural)
-yni (genitive singular)
-yjeni (genitive plural)
-yideni (genitive plural)
-yitteni (genitive plural)
-yäni (partitive singular)
-yjäni (partitive plural)
-yitäni (partitive plural)
-yssäni (inessive singular)
-yissäni (inessive plural)
-ystäni (elative singular)
-yistäni (elative plural)
-yyni (illative singular)
-yihini (illative plural)
-ylläni (adessive singular)
-yilläni (adessive plural)
-yltäni (ablative singular)
-yiltäni (ablative plural)
-ylleni (allative singular)
-yilleni (allative plural)
-ynäni (essive singular)
-yinäni (essive plural)
-ykseni (singular translative)
-yikseni (plural translative)
-yttäni (abessive singular)
-yittäni (abessive plural)
-yineni (comitative plural)
-ysi (nominative singular)
-ysi (nominative plural)
-ysi (accusative nominative singular)
-ysi (accusative nominative plural)
-ysi (accusative genitive singular)
-ysi (accusative genitive plural)
-ysi (genitive singular)
-yjesi (genitive plural)
-yidesi (genitive plural)
-yittesi (genitive plural)
-yäsi (partitive singular)
-yjäsi (partitive plural)
-yitäsi (partitive plural)
-yssäsi (inessive singular)
-yissäsi (inessive plural)
-ystäsi (elative singular)
-yistäsi (elative plural)
-yysi (illative singular)
-yihisi (illative plural)
-ylläsi (adessive singular)
-yilläsi (adessive plural)
-yltäsi (ablative singular)
-yiltäsi (ablative plural)
-yllesi (allative singular)
-yillesi (allative plural)
-ynäsi (essive singular)
-yinäsi (essive plural)
-yksesi (singular translative)
-yiksesi (plural translative)
-yttäsi (abessive singular)
-yittäsi (abessive plural)
-yinesi (comitative plural)
-ymme (nominative singular)
-ymme (nominative plural)
-ymme (accusative nominative singular)
-ymme (accusative nominative plural)
-ymme (accusative genitive singular)
-ymme (accusative genitive plural)
-ymme (genitive singular)
-yjemme (genitive plural)
-yidemme (genitive plural)
-yittemme (genitive plural)
-yämme (partitive singular)
-yjämme (partitive plural)
-yitämme (partitive plural)
-yssämme (inessive singular)
-yissämme (inessive plural)
-ystämme (elative singular)
-yistämme (elative plural)
-yymme (illative singular)
-yihimme (illative plural)
-yllämme (adessive singular)
-yillämme (adessive plural)
-yltämme (ablative singular)
-yiltämme (ablative plural)
-yllemme (allative singular)
-yillemme (allative plural)
-ynämme (essive singular)
-yinämme (essive plural)
-yksemme (singular translative)
-yiksemme (plural translative)
-yttämme (abessive singular)
-yittämme (abessive plural)
-yinemme (comitative plural)
-ynne (nominative singular)
-ynne (nominative plural)
-ynne (accusative nominative singular)
-ynne (accusative nominative plural)
-ynne (accusative genitive singular)
-ynne (accusative genitive plural)
-ynne (genitive singular)
-yjenne (genitive plural)
-yidenne (genitive plural)
-yittenne (genitive plural)
-yänne (partitive singular)
-yjänne (partitive plural)
-yitänne (partitive plural)
-yssänne (inessive singular)
-yissänne (inessive plural)
-ystänne (elative singular)
-yistänne (elative plural)
-yynne (illative singular)
-yihinne (illative plural)
-yllänne (adessive singular)
-yillänne (adessive plural)
-yltänne (ablative singular)
-yiltänne (ablative plural)
-yllenne (allative singular)
-yillenne (allative plural)
-ynänne (essive singular)
-yinänne (essive plural)
-yksenne (singular translative)
-yiksenne (plural translative)
-yttänne (abessive singular)
-yittänne (abessive plural)
-yinenne (comitative plural)
-ynsä (nominative singular)
-ynsä (nominative plural)
-ynsä (accusative nominative singular)
-ynsä (accusative nominative plural)
-ynsä (accusative genitive singular)
-ynsä (accusative genitive plural)
-ynsä (genitive singular)
-yjensä (genitive plural)
-yidensä (genitive plural)
-yittensä (genitive plural)
-yään (partitive singular)
-yänsä (partitive singular)
-yjään (partitive plural)
-yitään (partitive plural)
-yjänsä (partitive plural)
-yitänsä (partitive plural)
-yssään (inessive singular)
-yssänsä (inessive singular)
-yissään (inessive plural)
-yissänsä (inessive plural)
-ystään (elative singular)
-ystänsä (elative singular)
-yistään (elative plural)
-yistänsä (elative plural)
-yynsä (illative singular)
-yihinsä (illative plural)
-yllään (adessive singular)
-yllänsä (adessive singular)
-yillään (adessive plural)
-yillänsä (adessive plural)
-yltään (ablative singular)
-yltänsä (ablative singular)
-yiltään (ablative plural)
-yiltänsä (ablative plural)
-ylleen (allative singular)
-yllensä (allative singular)
-yilleen (allative plural)
-yillensä (allative plural)
-ynään (essive singular)
-ynänsä (essive singular)
-yinään (essive plural)
-yinänsä (essive plural)
-ykseen (singular translative)
-yksensä (singular translative)
-yikseen (plural translative)
-yiksensä (plural translative)
-yttään (abessive singular)
-yttänsä (abessive singular)
-yittään (abessive plural)
-yittänsä (abessive plural)
-yineen (comitative plural)
-yinensä (comitative plural)


anti-

Internationalism (see English anti-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-).


mono-

Ultimately from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos).


bi-

Internationalism (see English bi-), ultimately from Latin bis.


andro-

Internationalism (see English andro-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀνδρός (andrós).


bio-

Internationalism (see English bio-), ultimately from Ancient Greek βίο- (bío-).


tele-

Internationalism (see English tele-), ultimately from Ancient Greek τῆλε (têle).


homo-

Internationalism (see English homo-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós).

homo- (same; only in loanwords directly adapted from a term in which "homo-" appears in this sense, e.g. homogeeninen, homoseksuaali, homonyymi)

homo-, gay (homosexual; with common language words, e.g. homobaari, homoliitto, homomies)


hetero-

Internationalism (see English hetero-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros).


astro-

Internationalism (see English astro-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἄστρον (ástron).


deka-

Internationalism (see English deca-), ultimately from Late Latin decas.


neo-

Internationalism (see English neo-), ultimately from Ancient Greek νέος (néos).


endo-

From Ancient Greek ἔνδον (éndon, “inner; internal”).


geo-

Internationalism (see English geo-), ultimately from Ancient Greek γεω- (geō-).


ex-

ex-aviomies

ex-pomo


di-

Internationalism (see English di-), ultimately from Ancient Greek δι- (di-).


-io

head

-io (front vowel harmony variant -iö, linguistic notation -iO)

-iö (front-vowel)
-io (nominative singular)
-iot (nominative plural)
-io (accusative nominative singular)
-iot (accusative nominative plural)
-ion (accusative genitive singular)
-iot (accusative genitive plural)
-ion (genitive singular)
-ioiden (genitive plural)
-ioitten (genitive plural)
-iota (partitive singular)
-ioita (partitive plural)
-iossa (inessive singular)
-ioissa (inessive plural)
-iosta (elative singular)
-ioista (elative plural)
-ioon (illative singular)
-ioihin (illative plural)
-iolla (adessive singular)
-ioilla (adessive plural)
-iolta (ablative singular)
-ioilta (ablative plural)
-iolle (allative singular)
-ioille (allative plural)
-iona (essive singular)
-ioina (essive plural)
-ioksi (singular translative)
-ioiksi (plural translative)
-iotta (abessive singular)
-ioitta (abessive plural)
-ioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-ioni (nominative singular)
-ioni (nominative plural)
-ioni (accusative nominative singular)
-ioni (accusative nominative plural)
-ioni (accusative genitive singular)
-ioni (accusative genitive plural)
-ioni (genitive singular)
-ioideni (genitive plural)
-ioitteni (genitive plural)
-iotani (partitive singular)
-ioitani (partitive plural)
-iossani (inessive singular)
-ioissani (inessive plural)
-iostani (elative singular)
-ioistani (elative plural)
-iooni (illative singular)
-ioihini (illative plural)
-iollani (adessive singular)
-ioillani (adessive plural)
-ioltani (ablative singular)
-ioiltani (ablative plural)
-iolleni (allative singular)
-ioilleni (allative plural)
-ionani (essive singular)
-ioinani (essive plural)
-iokseni (singular translative)
-ioikseni (plural translative)
-iottani (abessive singular)
-ioittani (abessive plural)
-ioineni (comitative plural)
-iosi (nominative singular)
-iosi (nominative plural)
-iosi (accusative nominative singular)
-iosi (accusative nominative plural)
-iosi (accusative genitive singular)
-iosi (accusative genitive plural)
-iosi (genitive singular)
-ioidesi (genitive plural)
-ioittesi (genitive plural)
-iotasi (partitive singular)
-ioitasi (partitive plural)
-iossasi (inessive singular)
-ioissasi (inessive plural)
-iostasi (elative singular)
-ioistasi (elative plural)
-ioosi (illative singular)
-ioihisi (illative plural)
-iollasi (adessive singular)
-ioillasi (adessive plural)
-ioltasi (ablative singular)
-ioiltasi (ablative plural)
-iollesi (allative singular)
-ioillesi (allative plural)
-ionasi (essive singular)
-ioinasi (essive plural)
-ioksesi (singular translative)
-ioiksesi (plural translative)
-iottasi (abessive singular)
-ioittasi (abessive plural)
-ioinesi (comitative plural)
-iomme (nominative singular)
-iomme (nominative plural)
-iomme (accusative nominative singular)
-iomme (accusative nominative plural)
-iomme (accusative genitive singular)
-iomme (accusative genitive plural)
-iomme (genitive singular)
-ioidemme (genitive plural)
-ioittemme (genitive plural)
-iotamme (partitive singular)
-ioitamme (partitive plural)
-iossamme (inessive singular)
-ioissamme (inessive plural)
-iostamme (elative singular)
-ioistamme (elative plural)
-ioomme (illative singular)
-ioihimme (illative plural)
-iollamme (adessive singular)
-ioillamme (adessive plural)
-ioltamme (ablative singular)
-ioiltamme (ablative plural)
-iollemme (allative singular)
-ioillemme (allative plural)
-ionamme (essive singular)
-ioinamme (essive plural)
-ioksemme (singular translative)
-ioiksemme (plural translative)
-iottamme (abessive singular)
-ioittamme (abessive plural)
-ioinemme (comitative plural)
-ionne (nominative singular)
-ionne (nominative plural)
-ionne (accusative nominative singular)
-ionne (accusative nominative plural)
-ionne (accusative genitive singular)
-ionne (accusative genitive plural)
-ionne (genitive singular)
-ioidenne (genitive plural)
-ioittenne (genitive plural)
-iotanne (partitive singular)
-ioitanne (partitive plural)
-iossanne (inessive singular)
-ioissanne (inessive plural)
-iostanne (elative singular)
-ioistanne (elative plural)
-ioonne (illative singular)
-ioihinne (illative plural)
-iollanne (adessive singular)
-ioillanne (adessive plural)
-ioltanne (ablative singular)
-ioiltanne (ablative plural)
-iollenne (allative singular)
-ioillenne (allative plural)
-ionanne (essive singular)
-ioinanne (essive plural)
-ioksenne (singular translative)
-ioiksenne (plural translative)
-iottanne (abessive singular)
-ioittanne (abessive plural)
-ioinenne (comitative plural)
-ionsa (nominative singular)
-ionsa (nominative plural)
-ionsa (accusative nominative singular)
-ionsa (accusative nominative plural)
-ionsa (accusative genitive singular)
-ionsa (accusative genitive plural)
-ionsa (genitive singular)
-ioidensa (genitive plural)
-ioittensa (genitive plural)
-iotaan (partitive singular)
-iotansa (partitive singular)
-ioitaan (partitive plural)
-ioitansa (partitive plural)
-iossaan (inessive singular)
-iossansa (inessive singular)
-ioissaan (inessive plural)
-ioissansa (inessive plural)
-iostaan (elative singular)
-iostansa (elative singular)
-ioistaan (elative plural)
-ioistansa (elative plural)
-ioonsa (illative singular)
-ioihinsa (illative plural)
-iollaan (adessive singular)
-iollansa (adessive singular)
-ioillaan (adessive plural)
-ioillansa (adessive plural)
-ioltaan (ablative singular)
-ioltansa (ablative singular)
-ioiltaan (ablative plural)
-ioiltansa (ablative plural)
-iolleen (allative singular)
-iollensa (allative singular)
-ioilleen (allative plural)
-ioillensa (allative plural)
-ionaan (essive singular)
-ionansa (essive singular)
-ioinaan (essive plural)
-ioinansa (essive plural)
-iokseen (singular translative)
-ioksensa (singular translative)
-ioikseen (plural translative)
-ioiksensa (plural translative)
-iottaan (abessive singular)
-iottansa (abessive singular)
-ioittaan (abessive plural)
-ioittansa (abessive plural)
-ioineen (comitative plural)
-ioinensa (comitative plural)

From multiple sources, including extraction from words derived with -o from verb stems ending in -i, as well as from earlier and still dialectal -i(j)o, from -ja-i (for labial ai > o, compare plural forms of kala-type nouns), from -ja + -i.

itää (“to sprout”) + -io → itiö (“spore (of e.g. mushroom, moss)”)

valita (“to choose”) + -io → valio (“elite, select”)

yksi (“one”) + -io → yksiö (“a one-room apartment”)

kolme (“three”) + -io → kolmio (“a triangle; a yield sign”)

neljä (“four”) + -io → neliö (“a square”); shorter form for a square meter

Forms nouns from other nouns, adjectives, numbers or their stems.


-iö

-iö (nominative singular)
-iöt (nominative plural)
-iö (accusative nominative singular)
-iöt (accusative nominative plural)
-iön (accusative genitive singular)
-iöt (accusative genitive plural)
-iön (genitive singular)
-iöiden (genitive plural)
-iöitten (genitive plural)
-iötä (partitive singular)
-iöitä (partitive plural)
-iössä (inessive singular)
-iöissä (inessive plural)
-iöstä (elative singular)
-iöistä (elative plural)
-iöön (illative singular)
-iöihin (illative plural)
-iöllä (adessive singular)
-iöillä (adessive plural)
-iöltä (ablative singular)
-iöiltä (ablative plural)
-iölle (allative singular)
-iöille (allative plural)
-iönä (essive singular)
-iöinä (essive plural)
-iöksi (singular translative)
-iöiksi (plural translative)
-iöttä (abessive singular)
-iöittä (abessive plural)
-iöin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-iöni (nominative singular)
-iöni (nominative plural)
-iöni (accusative nominative singular)
-iöni (accusative nominative plural)
-iöni (accusative genitive singular)
-iöni (accusative genitive plural)
-iöni (genitive singular)
-iöideni (genitive plural)
-iöitteni (genitive plural)
-iötäni (partitive singular)
-iöitäni (partitive plural)
-iössäni (inessive singular)
-iöissäni (inessive plural)
-iöstäni (elative singular)
-iöistäni (elative plural)
-iööni (illative singular)
-iöihini (illative plural)
-iölläni (adessive singular)
-iöilläni (adessive plural)
-iöltäni (ablative singular)
-iöiltäni (ablative plural)
-iölleni (allative singular)
-iöilleni (allative plural)
-iönäni (essive singular)
-iöinäni (essive plural)
-iökseni (singular translative)
-iöikseni (plural translative)
-iöttäni (abessive singular)
-iöittäni (abessive plural)
-iöineni (comitative plural)
-iösi (nominative singular)
-iösi (nominative plural)
-iösi (accusative nominative singular)
-iösi (accusative nominative plural)
-iösi (accusative genitive singular)
-iösi (accusative genitive plural)
-iösi (genitive singular)
-iöidesi (genitive plural)
-iöittesi (genitive plural)
-iötäsi (partitive singular)
-iöitäsi (partitive plural)
-iössäsi (inessive singular)
-iöissäsi (inessive plural)
-iöstäsi (elative singular)
-iöistäsi (elative plural)
-iöösi (illative singular)
-iöihisi (illative plural)
-iölläsi (adessive singular)
-iöilläsi (adessive plural)
-iöltäsi (ablative singular)
-iöiltäsi (ablative plural)
-iöllesi (allative singular)
-iöillesi (allative plural)
-iönäsi (essive singular)
-iöinäsi (essive plural)
-iöksesi (singular translative)
-iöiksesi (plural translative)
-iöttäsi (abessive singular)
-iöittäsi (abessive plural)
-iöinesi (comitative plural)
-iömme (nominative singular)
-iömme (nominative plural)
-iömme (accusative nominative singular)
-iömme (accusative nominative plural)
-iömme (accusative genitive singular)
-iömme (accusative genitive plural)
-iömme (genitive singular)
-iöidemme (genitive plural)
-iöittemme (genitive plural)
-iötämme (partitive singular)
-iöitämme (partitive plural)
-iössämme (inessive singular)
-iöissämme (inessive plural)
-iöstämme (elative singular)
-iöistämme (elative plural)
-iöömme (illative singular)
-iöihimme (illative plural)
-iöllämme (adessive singular)
-iöillämme (adessive plural)
-iöltämme (ablative singular)
-iöiltämme (ablative plural)
-iöllemme (allative singular)
-iöillemme (allative plural)
-iönämme (essive singular)
-iöinämme (essive plural)
-iöksemme (singular translative)
-iöiksemme (plural translative)
-iöttämme (abessive singular)
-iöittämme (abessive plural)
-iöinemme (comitative plural)
-iönne (nominative singular)
-iönne (nominative plural)
-iönne (accusative nominative singular)
-iönne (accusative nominative plural)
-iönne (accusative genitive singular)
-iönne (accusative genitive plural)
-iönne (genitive singular)
-iöidenne (genitive plural)
-iöittenne (genitive plural)
-iötänne (partitive singular)
-iöitänne (partitive plural)
-iössänne (inessive singular)
-iöissänne (inessive plural)
-iöstänne (elative singular)
-iöistänne (elative plural)
-iöönne (illative singular)
-iöihinne (illative plural)
-iöllänne (adessive singular)
-iöillänne (adessive plural)
-iöltänne (ablative singular)
-iöiltänne (ablative plural)
-iöllenne (allative singular)
-iöillenne (allative plural)
-iönänne (essive singular)
-iöinänne (essive plural)
-iöksenne (singular translative)
-iöiksenne (plural translative)
-iöttänne (abessive singular)
-iöittänne (abessive plural)
-iöinenne (comitative plural)
-iönsä (nominative singular)
-iönsä (nominative plural)
-iönsä (accusative nominative singular)
-iönsä (accusative nominative plural)
-iönsä (accusative genitive singular)
-iönsä (accusative genitive plural)
-iönsä (genitive singular)
-iöidensä (genitive plural)
-iöittensä (genitive plural)
-iötään (partitive singular)
-iötänsä (partitive singular)
-iöitään (partitive plural)
-iöitänsä (partitive plural)
-iössään (inessive singular)
-iössänsä (inessive singular)
-iöissään (inessive plural)
-iöissänsä (inessive plural)
-iöstään (elative singular)
-iöstänsä (elative singular)
-iöistään (elative plural)
-iöistänsä (elative plural)
-iöönsä (illative singular)
-iöihinsä (illative plural)
-iöllään (adessive singular)
-iöllänsä (adessive singular)
-iöillään (adessive plural)
-iöillänsä (adessive plural)
-iöltään (ablative singular)
-iöltänsä (ablative singular)
-iöiltään (ablative plural)
-iöiltänsä (ablative plural)
-iölleen (allative singular)
-iöllensä (allative singular)
-iöilleen (allative plural)
-iöillensä (allative plural)
-iönään (essive singular)
-iönänsä (essive singular)
-iöinään (essive plural)
-iöinänsä (essive plural)
-iökseen (singular translative)
-iöksensä (singular translative)
-iöikseen (plural translative)
-iöiksensä (plural translative)
-iöttään (abessive singular)
-iöttänsä (abessive singular)
-iöittään (abessive plural)
-iöittänsä (abessive plural)
-iöineen (comitative plural)
-iöinensä (comitative plural)


-ni

From Proto-Finnic *-ni, from Proto-Uralic *-ni. Originally the first-person possessive suffix for words in plural, with -mi used for singular words; the latter is now only found in dialects. Compare Erzya -м (-m).

(minun) edessäni

(minun) takanani

(possessive) First-person singular possessive suffix used with or without minun (the genitive of the personal pronoun minä), corresponds to the English possessive pronoun my

(possessive) Appended to a genitive-requiring postposition that is after or without minun (the genitive of the personal pronoun minä), me

I said that I was doing my homework.

Sanoin tekeväni läksyjäni. (similar to the Latin structure accusativus cum infinitivo, e.g. se dicit facere)

(possessive) Used in a participle structure replacing an että clause, preceded by a verb expressing, e.g., telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "I"; appended to the active present participle in genitive singular when the action is concurrent with the main clause

Väitin tehneeni läksyjäni.

I claimed to have been doing my homework.

(possessive) Used in a participle structure replacing an että clause, preceded by a verb expressing, e.g., telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "I"; appended to the active past participle in genitive singular when the said/alleged (etc.) action antedates the main clause.

Tehdessäni läksyjäni (minä) kuulin laukauksen ulkoa.

(While) doing my homework, I heard a shot from outside.

(possessive) Used in a shortened sentence expressing concurrent actions when the clauses have the same subject "I", appended to the inessive of the active second infinitive.

Tehtyäni läksyni (minä) kuulin laukauksen ulkoa.

(After) having done / After doing my homework, I heard a shot from outside.

(possessive) Used in a shortened sentence expressing subsequent actions when the clauses have the same subject "I", appended to the partitive of the passive past participle singular.

Tehdäkseni läksyni hyvin (minä) menin hiljaiseen huoneeseen.

(In order) to do my homework well, I went into a quiet room.

the long first infinitive
Category:Finnish long first infinitives

(possessive) Used in a final shortened sentence expressing "in order to do" when the clauses have the same subject "I", appended to the long first infinitive.

Olen hyvin pahoillani siitä.

adverbs
Category:Finnish predicative adverbials

(possessive) Used in some adverbs, when the clause has the subject "I"

Kävelin kirjoineni ovesta ulos.

(possessive) Always appended to a noun in the comitative case when the clause has the subject "I".

(minun) kirjani

(minun) valaani

my whale(s) (nominative singular/plural or genitive singular) / my oath (partitive or illative singular)


-n

table
From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic *-n (genitive suffix).

talon ovi (talo (“house”))

tytön takki (tyttö (“girl”))

käden sormet (käsi (“hand”))


-n

table
From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic *-m (“accusative suffix”).

Näin tytön.

Tapasin poikani eilen.

Used to form the accusative case in the singular.


-n

table
From Proto-Finnic *-n, probably of the same origin as the genitive suffix (see -n, etymology 1). The instructive singular only exists for a few nouns in modern Finnish (such as jalan from jalka); the case is usually used in the plural (-in).

Pääsin ojan yli kuivin jaloin.

Used to form the instructive case, usually only in the plural.


-n

table
From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic first-person singular suffix *-mV, probably connected with the first person pronoun *mV; see minä.

luen

kadotin

en mene

(personal) the first-person singular suffix for verbs


-n

Alternative form of -ne (diminutive nominal suffix)


-na

-na (front vowel harmony variant -nä, linguistic notation -nA)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-na, from the Proto-Uralic locative case ending *-na.

eräänä kauniina aamuna

Ennen pidit minua kauniina.


-na

table
From Proto-Finnic *-na, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-na.

kutista (“to itch”) + -na → kutina (“itching”)

Forms action nouns from certain verbs, mainly related to sound, whose first infinitive ends in -sta.


-u

-u (front vowel harmony variant -y, linguistic notation -U)

-y (front-vowel)
-u (nominative singular)
-ut (nominative plural)
-u (accusative nominative singular)
-ut (accusative nominative plural)
-un (accusative genitive singular)
-ut (accusative genitive plural)
-un (genitive singular)
-ujen (genitive plural)
-ua (partitive singular)
-uja (partitive plural)
-ussa (inessive singular)
-uissa (inessive plural)
-usta (elative singular)
-uista (elative plural)
-uun (illative singular)
-uihin (illative plural)
-ulla (adessive singular)
-uilla (adessive plural)
-ulta (ablative singular)
-uilta (ablative plural)
-ulle (allative singular)
-uille (allative plural)
-una (essive singular)
-uina (essive plural)
-uksi (singular translative)
-uiksi (plural translative)
-utta (abessive singular)
-uitta (abessive plural)
-uin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-uni (nominative singular)
-uni (nominative plural)
-uni (accusative nominative singular)
-uni (accusative nominative plural)
-uni (accusative genitive singular)
-uni (accusative genitive plural)
-uni (genitive singular)
-ujeni (genitive plural)
-uani (partitive singular)
-ujani (partitive plural)
-ussani (inessive singular)
-uissani (inessive plural)
-ustani (elative singular)
-uistani (elative plural)
-uuni (illative singular)
-uihini (illative plural)
-ullani (adessive singular)
-uillani (adessive plural)
-ultani (ablative singular)
-uiltani (ablative plural)
-ulleni (allative singular)
-uilleni (allative plural)
-unani (essive singular)
-uinani (essive plural)
-ukseni (singular translative)
-uikseni (plural translative)
-uttani (abessive singular)
-uittani (abessive plural)
-uineni (comitative plural)
-usi (nominative singular)
-usi (nominative plural)
-usi (accusative nominative singular)
-usi (accusative nominative plural)
-usi (accusative genitive singular)
-usi (accusative genitive plural)
-usi (genitive singular)
-ujesi (genitive plural)
-uasi (partitive singular)
-ujasi (partitive plural)
-ussasi (inessive singular)
-uissasi (inessive plural)
-ustasi (elative singular)
-uistasi (elative plural)
-uusi (illative singular)
-uihisi (illative plural)
-ullasi (adessive singular)
-uillasi (adessive plural)
-ultasi (ablative singular)
-uiltasi (ablative plural)
-ullesi (allative singular)
-uillesi (allative plural)
-unasi (essive singular)
-uinasi (essive plural)
-uksesi (singular translative)
-uiksesi (plural translative)
-uttasi (abessive singular)
-uittasi (abessive plural)
-uinesi (comitative plural)
-umme (nominative singular)
-umme (nominative plural)
-umme (accusative nominative singular)
-umme (accusative nominative plural)
-umme (accusative genitive singular)
-umme (accusative genitive plural)
-umme (genitive singular)
-ujemme (genitive plural)
-uamme (partitive singular)
-ujamme (partitive plural)
-ussamme (inessive singular)
-uissamme (inessive plural)
-ustamme (elative singular)
-uistamme (elative plural)
-uumme (illative singular)
-uihimme (illative plural)
-ullamme (adessive singular)
-uillamme (adessive plural)
-ultamme (ablative singular)
-uiltamme (ablative plural)
-ullemme (allative singular)
-uillemme (allative plural)
-unamme (essive singular)
-uinamme (essive plural)
-uksemme (singular translative)
-uiksemme (plural translative)
-uttamme (abessive singular)
-uittamme (abessive plural)
-uinemme (comitative plural)
-unne (nominative singular)
-unne (nominative plural)
-unne (accusative nominative singular)
-unne (accusative nominative plural)
-unne (accusative genitive singular)
-unne (accusative genitive plural)
-unne (genitive singular)
-ujenne (genitive plural)
-uanne (partitive singular)
-ujanne (partitive plural)
-ussanne (inessive singular)
-uissanne (inessive plural)
-ustanne (elative singular)
-uistanne (elative plural)
-uunne (illative singular)
-uihinne (illative plural)
-ullanne (adessive singular)
-uillanne (adessive plural)
-ultanne (ablative singular)
-uiltanne (ablative plural)
-ullenne (allative singular)
-uillenne (allative plural)
-unanne (essive singular)
-uinanne (essive plural)
-uksenne (singular translative)
-uiksenne (plural translative)
-uttanne (abessive singular)
-uittanne (abessive plural)
-uinenne (comitative plural)
-unsa (nominative singular)
-unsa (nominative plural)
-unsa (accusative nominative singular)
-unsa (accusative nominative plural)
-unsa (accusative genitive singular)
-unsa (accusative genitive plural)
-unsa (genitive singular)
-ujensa (genitive plural)
-uaan (partitive singular)
-uansa (partitive singular)
-ujaan (partitive plural)
-ujansa (partitive plural)
-ussaan (inessive singular)
-ussansa (inessive singular)
-uissaan (inessive plural)
-uissansa (inessive plural)
-ustaan (elative singular)
-ustansa (elative singular)
-uistaan (elative plural)
-uistansa (elative plural)
-uunsa (illative singular)
-uihinsa (illative plural)
-ullaan (adessive singular)
-ullansa (adessive singular)
-uillaan (adessive plural)
-uillansa (adessive plural)
-ultaan (ablative singular)
-ultansa (ablative singular)
-uiltaan (ablative plural)
-uiltansa (ablative plural)
-ulleen (allative singular)
-ullensa (allative singular)
-uilleen (allative plural)
-uillensa (allative plural)
-unaan (essive singular)
-unansa (essive singular)
-uinaan (essive plural)
-uinansa (essive plural)
-ukseen (singular translative)
-uksensa (singular translative)
-uikseen (plural translative)
-uiksensa (plural translative)
-uttaan (abessive singular)
-uttansa (abessive singular)
-uittaan (abessive plural)
-uittansa (abessive plural)
-uineen (comitative plural)
-uinensa (comitative plural)
-u (nominative singular)
-ut (nominative plural)
-u (accusative nominative singular)
-ut (accusative nominative plural)
-un (accusative genitive singular)
-ut (accusative genitive plural)
-un (genitive singular)
-ujen (genitive plural)
-uiden (genitive plural)
-uitten (genitive plural)
-ua (partitive singular)
-uja (partitive plural)
-uita (partitive plural)
-ussa (inessive singular)
-uissa (inessive plural)
-usta (elative singular)
-uista (elative plural)
-uun (illative singular)
-uihin (illative plural)
-ulla (adessive singular)
-uilla (adessive plural)
-ulta (ablative singular)
-uilta (ablative plural)
-ulle (allative singular)
-uille (allative plural)
-una (essive singular)
-uina (essive plural)
-uksi (singular translative)
-uiksi (plural translative)
-utta (abessive singular)
-uitta (abessive plural)
-uin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-uni (nominative singular)
-uni (nominative plural)
-uni (accusative nominative singular)
-uni (accusative nominative plural)
-uni (accusative genitive singular)
-uni (accusative genitive plural)
-uni (genitive singular)
-ujeni (genitive plural)
-uideni (genitive plural)
-uitteni (genitive plural)
-uani (partitive singular)
-ujani (partitive plural)
-uitani (partitive plural)
-ussani (inessive singular)
-uissani (inessive plural)
-ustani (elative singular)
-uistani (elative plural)
-uuni (illative singular)
-uihini (illative plural)
-ullani (adessive singular)
-uillani (adessive plural)
-ultani (ablative singular)
-uiltani (ablative plural)
-ulleni (allative singular)
-uilleni (allative plural)
-unani (essive singular)
-uinani (essive plural)
-ukseni (singular translative)
-uikseni (plural translative)
-uttani (abessive singular)
-uittani (abessive plural)
-uineni (comitative plural)
-usi (nominative singular)
-usi (nominative plural)
-usi (accusative nominative singular)
-usi (accusative nominative plural)
-usi (accusative genitive singular)
-usi (accusative genitive plural)
-usi (genitive singular)
-ujesi (genitive plural)
-uidesi (genitive plural)
-uittesi (genitive plural)
-uasi (partitive singular)
-ujasi (partitive plural)
-uitasi (partitive plural)
-ussasi (inessive singular)
-uissasi (inessive plural)
-ustasi (elative singular)
-uistasi (elative plural)
-uusi (illative singular)
-uihisi (illative plural)
-ullasi (adessive singular)
-uillasi (adessive plural)
-ultasi (ablative singular)
-uiltasi (ablative plural)
-ullesi (allative singular)
-uillesi (allative plural)
-unasi (essive singular)
-uinasi (essive plural)
-uksesi (singular translative)
-uiksesi (plural translative)
-uttasi (abessive singular)
-uittasi (abessive plural)
-uinesi (comitative plural)
-umme (nominative singular)
-umme (nominative plural)
-umme (accusative nominative singular)
-umme (accusative nominative plural)
-umme (accusative genitive singular)
-umme (accusative genitive plural)
-umme (genitive singular)
-ujemme (genitive plural)
-uidemme (genitive plural)
-uittemme (genitive plural)
-uamme (partitive singular)
-ujamme (partitive plural)
-uitamme (partitive plural)
-ussamme (inessive singular)
-uissamme (inessive plural)
-ustamme (elative singular)
-uistamme (elative plural)
-uumme (illative singular)
-uihimme (illative plural)
-ullamme (adessive singular)
-uillamme (adessive plural)
-ultamme (ablative singular)
-uiltamme (ablative plural)
-ullemme (allative singular)
-uillemme (allative plural)
-unamme (essive singular)
-uinamme (essive plural)
-uksemme (singular translative)
-uiksemme (plural translative)
-uttamme (abessive singular)
-uittamme (abessive plural)
-uinemme (comitative plural)
-unne (nominative singular)
-unne (nominative plural)
-unne (accusative nominative singular)
-unne (accusative nominative plural)
-unne (accusative genitive singular)
-unne (accusative genitive plural)
-unne (genitive singular)
-ujenne (genitive plural)
-uidenne (genitive plural)
-uittenne (genitive plural)
-uanne (partitive singular)
-ujanne (partitive plural)
-uitanne (partitive plural)
-ussanne (inessive singular)
-uissanne (inessive plural)
-ustanne (elative singular)
-uistanne (elative plural)
-uunne (illative singular)
-uihinne (illative plural)
-ullanne (adessive singular)
-uillanne (adessive plural)
-ultanne (ablative singular)
-uiltanne (ablative plural)
-ullenne (allative singular)
-uillenne (allative plural)
-unanne (essive singular)
-uinanne (essive plural)
-uksenne (singular translative)
-uiksenne (plural translative)
-uttanne (abessive singular)
-uittanne (abessive plural)
-uinenne (comitative plural)
-unsa (nominative singular)
-unsa (nominative plural)
-unsa (accusative nominative singular)
-unsa (accusative nominative plural)
-unsa (accusative genitive singular)
-unsa (accusative genitive plural)
-unsa (genitive singular)
-ujensa (genitive plural)
-uidensa (genitive plural)
-uittensa (genitive plural)
-uaan (partitive singular)
-uansa (partitive singular)
-ujaan (partitive plural)
-uitaan (partitive plural)
-ujansa (partitive plural)
-uitansa (partitive plural)
-ussaan (inessive singular)
-ussansa (inessive singular)
-uissaan (inessive plural)
-uissansa (inessive plural)
-ustaan (elative singular)
-ustansa (elative singular)
-uistaan (elative plural)
-uistansa (elative plural)
-uunsa (illative singular)
-uihinsa (illative plural)
-ullaan (adessive singular)
-ullansa (adessive singular)
-uillaan (adessive plural)
-uillansa (adessive plural)
-ultaan (ablative singular)
-ultansa (ablative singular)
-uiltaan (ablative plural)
-uiltansa (ablative plural)
-ulleen (allative singular)
-ullensa (allative singular)
-uilleen (allative plural)
-uillensa (allative plural)
-unaan (essive singular)
-unansa (essive singular)
-uinaan (essive plural)
-uinansa (essive plural)
-ukseen (singular translative)
-uksensa (singular translative)
-uikseen (plural translative)
-uiksensa (plural translative)
-uttaan (abessive singular)
-uttansa (abessive singular)
-uittaan (abessive plural)
-uittansa (abessive plural)
-uineen (comitative plural)
-uinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-u, from Proto-Uralic *-w (as applied to stems ending in -e). Cognate with Estonian -u.

hyppiä (“to be jumping”) + -u → hyppy (“jump”)

itkeä (“to cry”) + -u → itku (“cry(ing)”)

pestä (“to wash”) + -u → pesu (“wash(ing)”)

potkia (“to kick”) + -u → potku (“kick”)

urheilla (“to practice sport”) + -u → urheilu (“sport”)

Forms nouns from verbs. Most common with e- and i-stem verbs.

silmä (“eye”) + -u → silmu (“bud”)

sisä- (“inside”) + -u → sisu (“determination, perseverance”)

Derives a number of nouns from other nouns.


-da

-da (front vowel harmony variant -dä, linguistic notation -dA)

Variously from Proto-Finnic *-dak, *-tak.

A suffix present in certain first infinitives, short form, the citation form of Finnish verbs.


-jä

-jä (nominative singular)
-jät (nominative plural)
-jä (accusative nominative singular)
-jät (accusative nominative plural)
-jän (accusative genitive singular)
-jät (accusative genitive plural)
-jän (genitive singular)
-jien (genitive plural)
-jäin (genitive plural rare)
-jää (partitive singular)
-jiä (partitive plural)
-jässä (inessive singular)
-jissä (inessive plural)
-jästä (elative singular)
-jistä (elative plural)
-jään (illative singular)
-jiin (illative plural)
-jällä (adessive singular)
-jillä (adessive plural)
-jältä (ablative singular)
-jiltä (ablative plural)
-jälle (allative singular)
-jille (allative plural)
-jänä (essive singular)
-jinä (essive plural)
-jäksi (singular translative)
-jiksi (plural translative)
-jättä (abessive singular)
-jittä (abessive plural)
-jin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-jäni (nominative singular)
-jäni (nominative plural)
-jäni (accusative nominative singular)
-jäni (accusative nominative plural)
-jäni (accusative genitive singular)
-jäni (accusative genitive plural)
-jäni (genitive singular)
-jieni (genitive plural)
-jäini (genitive plural rare)
-jääni (partitive singular)
-jiäni (partitive plural)
-jässäni (inessive singular)
-jissäni (inessive plural)
-jästäni (elative singular)
-jistäni (elative plural)
-jääni (illative singular)
-jiini (illative plural)
-jälläni (adessive singular)
-jilläni (adessive plural)
-jältäni (ablative singular)
-jiltäni (ablative plural)
-jälleni (allative singular)
-jilleni (allative plural)
-jänäni (essive singular)
-jinäni (essive plural)
-jäkseni (singular translative)
-jikseni (plural translative)
-jättäni (abessive singular)
-jittäni (abessive plural)
-jineni (comitative plural)
-jäsi (nominative singular)
-jäsi (nominative plural)
-jäsi (accusative nominative singular)
-jäsi (accusative nominative plural)
-jäsi (accusative genitive singular)
-jäsi (accusative genitive plural)
-jäsi (genitive singular)
-jiesi (genitive plural)
-jäisi (genitive plural rare)
-jääsi (partitive singular)
-jiäsi (partitive plural)
-jässäsi (inessive singular)
-jissäsi (inessive plural)
-jästäsi (elative singular)
-jistäsi (elative plural)
-jääsi (illative singular)
-jiisi (illative plural)
-jälläsi (adessive singular)
-jilläsi (adessive plural)
-jältäsi (ablative singular)
-jiltäsi (ablative plural)
-jällesi (allative singular)
-jillesi (allative plural)
-jänäsi (essive singular)
-jinäsi (essive plural)
-jäksesi (singular translative)
-jiksesi (plural translative)
-jättäsi (abessive singular)
-jittäsi (abessive plural)
-jinesi (comitative plural)
-jämme (nominative singular)
-jämme (nominative plural)
-jämme (accusative nominative singular)
-jämme (accusative nominative plural)
-jämme (accusative genitive singular)
-jämme (accusative genitive plural)
-jämme (genitive singular)
-jiemme (genitive plural)
-jäimme (genitive plural rare)
-jäämme (partitive singular)
-jiämme (partitive plural)
-jässämme (inessive singular)
-jissämme (inessive plural)
-jästämme (elative singular)
-jistämme (elative plural)
-jäämme (illative singular)
-jiimme (illative plural)
-jällämme (adessive singular)
-jillämme (adessive plural)
-jältämme (ablative singular)
-jiltämme (ablative plural)
-jällemme (allative singular)
-jillemme (allative plural)
-jänämme (essive singular)
-jinämme (essive plural)
-jäksemme (singular translative)
-jiksemme (plural translative)
-jättämme (abessive singular)
-jittämme (abessive plural)
-jinemme (comitative plural)
-jänne (nominative singular)
-jänne (nominative plural)
-jänne (accusative nominative singular)
-jänne (accusative nominative plural)
-jänne (accusative genitive singular)
-jänne (accusative genitive plural)
-jänne (genitive singular)
-jienne (genitive plural)
-jäinne (genitive plural rare)
-jäänne (partitive singular)
-jiänne (partitive plural)
-jässänne (inessive singular)
-jissänne (inessive plural)
-jästänne (elative singular)
-jistänne (elative plural)
-jäänne (illative singular)
-jiinne (illative plural)
-jällänne (adessive singular)
-jillänne (adessive plural)
-jältänne (ablative singular)
-jiltänne (ablative plural)
-jällenne (allative singular)
-jillenne (allative plural)
-jänänne (essive singular)
-jinänne (essive plural)
-jäksenne (singular translative)
-jiksenne (plural translative)
-jättänne (abessive singular)
-jittänne (abessive plural)
-jinenne (comitative plural)
-jänsä (nominative singular)
-jänsä (nominative plural)
-jänsä (accusative nominative singular)
-jänsä (accusative nominative plural)
-jänsä (accusative genitive singular)
-jänsä (accusative genitive plural)
-jänsä (genitive singular)
-jiensä (genitive plural)
-jäinsä (genitive plural rare)
-jäänsä (partitive singular)
-jiään (partitive plural)
-jiänsä (partitive plural)
-jässään (inessive singular)
-jässänsä (inessive singular)
-jissään (inessive plural)
-jissänsä (inessive plural)
-jästään (elative singular)
-jästänsä (elative singular)
-jistään (elative plural)
-jistänsä (elative plural)
-jäänsä (illative singular)
-jiinsä (illative plural)
-jällään (adessive singular)
-jällänsä (adessive singular)
-jillään (adessive plural)
-jillänsä (adessive plural)
-jältään (ablative singular)
-jältänsä (ablative singular)
-jiltään (ablative plural)
-jiltänsä (ablative plural)
-jälleen (allative singular)
-jällensä (allative singular)
-jilleen (allative plural)
-jillensä (allative plural)
-jänään (essive singular)
-jänänsä (essive singular)
-jinään (essive plural)
-jinänsä (essive plural)
-jäkseen (singular translative)
-jäksensä (singular translative)
-jikseen (plural translative)
-jiksensä (plural translative)
-jättään (abessive singular)
-jättänsä (abessive singular)
-jittään (abessive plural)
-jittänsä (abessive plural)
-jineen (comitative plural)
-jinensä (comitative plural)
-jä (nominative singular)
-jät (nominative plural)
-jä (accusative nominative singular)
-jät (accusative nominative plural)
-jän (accusative genitive singular)
-jät (accusative genitive plural)
-jän (genitive singular)
-jöiden (genitive plural)
-jöitten (genitive plural)
-jäin (genitive plural rare)
-jää (partitive singular)
-jöitä (partitive plural)
-jässä (inessive singular)
-jöissä (inessive plural)
-jästä (elative singular)
-jöistä (elative plural)
-jään (illative singular)
-jöihin (illative plural)
-jällä (adessive singular)
-jöillä (adessive plural)
-jältä (ablative singular)
-jöiltä (ablative plural)
-jälle (allative singular)
-jöille (allative plural)
-jänä (essive singular)
-jöinä (essive plural)
-jäksi (singular translative)
-jöiksi (plural translative)
-jättä (abessive singular)
-jöittä (abessive plural)
-jöin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-jäni (nominative singular)
-jäni (nominative plural)
-jäni (accusative nominative singular)
-jäni (accusative nominative plural)
-jäni (accusative genitive singular)
-jäni (accusative genitive plural)
-jäni (genitive singular)
-jöideni (genitive plural)
-jöitteni (genitive plural)
-jäini (genitive plural rare)
-jääni (partitive singular)
-jöitäni (partitive plural)
-jässäni (inessive singular)
-jöissäni (inessive plural)
-jästäni (elative singular)
-jöistäni (elative plural)
-jääni (illative singular)
-jöihini (illative plural)
-jälläni (adessive singular)
-jöilläni (adessive plural)
-jältäni (ablative singular)
-jöiltäni (ablative plural)
-jälleni (allative singular)
-jöilleni (allative plural)
-jänäni (essive singular)
-jöinäni (essive plural)
-jäkseni (singular translative)
-jöikseni (plural translative)
-jättäni (abessive singular)
-jöittäni (abessive plural)
-jöineni (comitative plural)
-jäsi (nominative singular)
-jäsi (nominative plural)
-jäsi (accusative nominative singular)
-jäsi (accusative nominative plural)
-jäsi (accusative genitive singular)
-jäsi (accusative genitive plural)
-jäsi (genitive singular)
-jöidesi (genitive plural)
-jöittesi (genitive plural)
-jäisi (genitive plural rare)
-jääsi (partitive singular)
-jöitäsi (partitive plural)
-jässäsi (inessive singular)
-jöissäsi (inessive plural)
-jästäsi (elative singular)
-jöistäsi (elative plural)
-jääsi (illative singular)
-jöihisi (illative plural)
-jälläsi (adessive singular)
-jöilläsi (adessive plural)
-jältäsi (ablative singular)
-jöiltäsi (ablative plural)
-jällesi (allative singular)
-jöillesi (allative plural)
-jänäsi (essive singular)
-jöinäsi (essive plural)
-jäksesi (singular translative)
-jöiksesi (plural translative)
-jättäsi (abessive singular)
-jöittäsi (abessive plural)
-jöinesi (comitative plural)
-jämme (nominative singular)
-jämme (nominative plural)
-jämme (accusative nominative singular)
-jämme (accusative nominative plural)
-jämme (accusative genitive singular)
-jämme (accusative genitive plural)
-jämme (genitive singular)
-jöidemme (genitive plural)
-jöittemme (genitive plural)
-jäimme (genitive plural rare)
-jäämme (partitive singular)
-jöitämme (partitive plural)
-jässämme (inessive singular)
-jöissämme (inessive plural)
-jästämme (elative singular)
-jöistämme (elative plural)
-jäämme (illative singular)
-jöihimme (illative plural)
-jällämme (adessive singular)
-jöillämme (adessive plural)
-jältämme (ablative singular)
-jöiltämme (ablative plural)
-jällemme (allative singular)
-jöillemme (allative plural)
-jänämme (essive singular)
-jöinämme (essive plural)
-jäksemme (singular translative)
-jöiksemme (plural translative)
-jättämme (abessive singular)
-jöittämme (abessive plural)
-jöinemme (comitative plural)
-jänne (nominative singular)
-jänne (nominative plural)
-jänne (accusative nominative singular)
-jänne (accusative nominative plural)
-jänne (accusative genitive singular)
-jänne (accusative genitive plural)
-jänne (genitive singular)
-jöidenne (genitive plural)
-jöittenne (genitive plural)
-jäinne (genitive plural rare)
-jäänne (partitive singular)
-jöitänne (partitive plural)
-jässänne (inessive singular)
-jöissänne (inessive plural)
-jästänne (elative singular)
-jöistänne (elative plural)
-jäänne (illative singular)
-jöihinne (illative plural)
-jällänne (adessive singular)
-jöillänne (adessive plural)
-jältänne (ablative singular)
-jöiltänne (ablative plural)
-jällenne (allative singular)
-jöillenne (allative plural)
-jänänne (essive singular)
-jöinänne (essive plural)
-jäksenne (singular translative)
-jöiksenne (plural translative)
-jättänne (abessive singular)
-jöittänne (abessive plural)
-jöinenne (comitative plural)
-jänsä (nominative singular)
-jänsä (nominative plural)
-jänsä (accusative nominative singular)
-jänsä (accusative nominative plural)
-jänsä (accusative genitive singular)
-jänsä (accusative genitive plural)
-jänsä (genitive singular)
-jöidensä (genitive plural)
-jöittensä (genitive plural)
-jäinsä (genitive plural rare)
-jäänsä (partitive singular)
-jöitään (partitive plural)
-jöitänsä (partitive plural)
-jässään (inessive singular)
-jässänsä (inessive singular)
-jöissään (inessive plural)
-jöissänsä (inessive plural)
-jästään (elative singular)
-jästänsä (elative singular)
-jöistään (elative plural)
-jöistänsä (elative plural)
-jäänsä (illative singular)
-jöihinsä (illative plural)
-jällään (adessive singular)
-jällänsä (adessive singular)
-jöillään (adessive plural)
-jöillänsä (adessive plural)
-jältään (ablative singular)
-jältänsä (ablative singular)
-jöiltään (ablative plural)
-jöiltänsä (ablative plural)
-jälleen (allative singular)
-jällensä (allative singular)
-jöilleen (allative plural)
-jöillensä (allative plural)
-jänään (essive singular)
-jänänsä (essive singular)
-jöinään (essive plural)
-jöinänsä (essive plural)
-jäkseen (singular translative)
-jäksensä (singular translative)
-jöikseen (plural translative)
-jöiksensä (plural translative)
-jättään (abessive singular)
-jättänsä (abessive singular)
-jöittään (abessive plural)
-jöittänsä (abessive plural)
-jöineen (comitative plural)
-jöinensä (comitative plural)


-seen

From earlier *-sehen, a combination of the Proto-Finnic illative suffixes *-sën and *-hën.


-ksi

tabletable
From Proto-Finnic *-ksi, from Proto-Uralic *-kse. Related to Erzya -кс (-ks, translative suffix) and Moksha -кс (-ks, translative suffix).

hakata ananas murskaksi

translative case
translative case#English

ostaakseen

used to form the long first infinitive, with the meaning "in order to"; always used with a possessive suffix


-ksi

table
Probably re-extracted from other words ending in -ksi.


-ön

Suffix variant for the illative singular: see -Vn.


-Vn

-an, -en, -in, -on, -un, -yn, -än, -ön (linguistic notation -Vn, V corresponds to the preceding vowel)

-an (canonical)
-en (canonical)
-in (canonical)
-on (canonical)
-un (canonical)
-yn (canonical)
-än (canonical)
-ön (canonical)

table
From -hVn where the -h- has been elided between unstressed short vowels.


-Vn

-an, -en, -än (linguistic notation -Vn, V corresponds to the preceding vowel)

-an (canonical)
-en (canonical)
-än (canonical)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-hën, from Proto-Uralic *-sen (third-person singular possessive suffix).

The shorter third-person possessive suffix.

-an

depending on the preceding vowel (i.e. lengthens the preceding vowel)


-Vn

From the illative ending (-Vn, etymology 1) attached directly to the verb stem.


-ta

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, stem -a-, linguistic notation -A- or -tA)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak, from Proto-Uralic *-ta- (verbalizer) (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more).

kampa (“comb”) + -ta → kammata (“to comb”)

linko (“sling; centrifuge”) + -ta → lingota (“to hurl, sling, fling”)

causative
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Causative

factitive
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Factitive

Forms verbs from nouns, generally with a causative, factitive or instrumental meaning.


-ta

kato (“disappearance”) + -ta → kadota (“to disappear”)

raukea (“limp, drowsy”) + -ta → raueta (“to weaken, lapse”)

reflexive
Appendix:Finnish verb aspects#Reflexive

Forms verbs from nouns with a translative or reflexive meaning.


-ta

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, linguistic notation -tA)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-ta, a variant form of *-da (whence Finnish -a) that was used when it followed a (secondarily) stressed syllable (suffixal gradation). Ultimately from the Proto-Uralic ablative case *-ta (compare to Moksha -да, -та (-da, -ta) and Erzya -до (-do)).

A suffix for the partitive singular case.


-ta

(Eastern Finnish) Alternative form of -ida


-lainen

-lainen (front vowel harmony variant -läinen, linguistic notation -lAinen)

-läinen (front-vowel)
-lainen (nominative singular)
-laiset (nominative plural)
-lainen (accusative nominative singular)
-laiset (accusative nominative plural)
-laisen (accusative genitive singular)
-laiset (accusative genitive plural)
-laisen (genitive singular)
-laisten (genitive plural)
-laisien (genitive plural)
-laista (partitive singular)
-laisia (partitive plural)
-laisessa (inessive singular)
-laisissa (inessive plural)
-laisesta (elative singular)
-laisista (elative plural)
-laiseen (illative singular)
-laisiin (illative plural)
-laisella (adessive singular)
-laisilla (adessive plural)
-laiselta (ablative singular)
-laisilta (ablative plural)
-laiselle (allative singular)
-laisille (allative plural)
-laisena (essive singular)
-laisina (essive plural)
-laiseksi (singular translative)
-laisiksi (plural translative)
-laisetta (abessive singular)
-laisitta (abessive plural)
-laisin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-laiseni (nominative singular)
-laiseni (nominative plural)
-laiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-laiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-laiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-laiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-laiseni (genitive singular)
-laisteni (genitive plural)
-laisieni (genitive plural)
-laistani (partitive singular)
-laisiani (partitive plural)
-laisessani (inessive singular)
-laisissani (inessive plural)
-laisestani (elative singular)
-laisistani (elative plural)
-laiseeni (illative singular)
-laisiini (illative plural)
-laisellani (adessive singular)
-laisillani (adessive plural)
-laiseltani (ablative singular)
-laisiltani (ablative plural)
-laiselleni (allative singular)
-laisilleni (allative plural)
-laisenani (essive singular)
-laisinani (essive plural)
-laisekseni (singular translative)
-laisikseni (plural translative)
-laisettani (abessive singular)
-laisittani (abessive plural)
-laisineni (comitative plural)
-laisesi (nominative singular)
-laisesi (nominative plural)
-laisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-laisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-laisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-laisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-laisesi (genitive singular)
-laistesi (genitive plural)
-laisiesi (genitive plural)
-laistasi (partitive singular)
-laisiasi (partitive plural)
-laisessasi (inessive singular)
-laisissasi (inessive plural)
-laisestasi (elative singular)
-laisistasi (elative plural)
-laiseesi (illative singular)
-laisiisi (illative plural)
-laisellasi (adessive singular)
-laisillasi (adessive plural)
-laiseltasi (ablative singular)
-laisiltasi (ablative plural)
-laisellesi (allative singular)
-laisillesi (allative plural)
-laisenasi (essive singular)
-laisinasi (essive plural)
-laiseksesi (singular translative)
-laisiksesi (plural translative)
-laisettasi (abessive singular)
-laisittasi (abessive plural)
-laisinesi (comitative plural)
-laisemme (nominative singular)
-laisemme (nominative plural)
-laisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-laisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-laisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-laisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-laisemme (genitive singular)
-laistemme (genitive plural)
-laisiemme (genitive plural)
-laistamme (partitive singular)
-laisiamme (partitive plural)
-laisessamme (inessive singular)
-laisissamme (inessive plural)
-laisestamme (elative singular)
-laisistamme (elative plural)
-laiseemme (illative singular)
-laisiimme (illative plural)
-laisellamme (adessive singular)
-laisillamme (adessive plural)
-laiseltamme (ablative singular)
-laisiltamme (ablative plural)
-laisellemme (allative singular)
-laisillemme (allative plural)
-laisenamme (essive singular)
-laisinamme (essive plural)
-laiseksemme (singular translative)
-laisiksemme (plural translative)
-laisettamme (abessive singular)
-laisittamme (abessive plural)
-laisinemme (comitative plural)
-laisenne (nominative singular)
-laisenne (nominative plural)
-laisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-laisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-laisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-laisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-laisenne (genitive singular)
-laistenne (genitive plural)
-laisienne (genitive plural)
-laistanne (partitive singular)
-laisianne (partitive plural)
-laisessanne (inessive singular)
-laisissanne (inessive plural)
-laisestanne (elative singular)
-laisistanne (elative plural)
-laiseenne (illative singular)
-laisiinne (illative plural)
-laisellanne (adessive singular)
-laisillanne (adessive plural)
-laiseltanne (ablative singular)
-laisiltanne (ablative plural)
-laisellenne (allative singular)
-laisillenne (allative plural)
-laisenanne (essive singular)
-laisinanne (essive plural)
-laiseksenne (singular translative)
-laisiksenne (plural translative)
-laisettanne (abessive singular)
-laisittanne (abessive plural)
-laisinenne (comitative plural)
-laisensa (nominative singular)
-laisensa (nominative plural)
-laisensa (accusative nominative singular)
-laisensa (accusative nominative plural)
-laisensa (accusative genitive singular)
-laisensa (accusative genitive plural)
-laisensa (genitive singular)
-laistensa (genitive plural)
-laisiensa (genitive plural)
-laistaan (partitive singular)
-laistansa (partitive singular)
-laisiaan (partitive plural)
-laisiansa (partitive plural)
-laisessaan (inessive singular)
-laisessansa (inessive singular)
-laisissaan (inessive plural)
-laisissansa (inessive plural)
-laisestaan (elative singular)
-laisestansa (elative singular)
-laisistaan (elative plural)
-laisistansa (elative plural)
-laiseensa (illative singular)
-laisiinsa (illative plural)
-laisellaan (adessive singular)
-laisellansa (adessive singular)
-laisillaan (adessive plural)
-laisillansa (adessive plural)
-laiseltaan (ablative singular)
-laiseltansa (ablative singular)
-laisiltaan (ablative plural)
-laisiltansa (ablative plural)
-laiselleen (allative singular)
-laisellensa (allative singular)
-laisilleen (allative plural)
-laisillensa (allative plural)
-laisenaan (essive singular)
-laisenansa (essive singular)
-laisinaan (essive plural)
-laisinansa (essive plural)
-laisekseen (singular translative)
-laiseksensa (singular translative)
-laisikseen (plural translative)
-laisiksensa (plural translative)
-laisettaan (abessive singular)
-laisettansa (abessive singular)
-laisittaan (abessive plural)
-laisittansa (abessive plural)
-laisineen (comitative plural)
-laisinensa (comitative plural)
-lainen (nominative singular)
-laiset (nominative plural)
-lainen (accusative nominative singular)
-laiset (accusative nominative plural)
-laisen (accusative genitive singular)
-laiset (accusative genitive plural)
-laisen (genitive singular)
-laisten (genitive plural)
-laisien (genitive plural)
-laista (partitive singular)
-laisia (partitive plural)
-laisessa (inessive singular)
-laisissa (inessive plural)
-laisesta (elative singular)
-laisista (elative plural)
-laiseen (illative singular)
-laisiin (illative plural)
-laisella (adessive singular)
-laisilla (adessive plural)
-laiselta (ablative singular)
-laisilta (ablative plural)
-laiselle (allative singular)
-laisille (allative plural)
-laisena (essive singular)
-laisina (essive plural)
-laiseksi (singular translative)
-laisiksi (plural translative)
-laisetta (abessive singular)
-laisitta (abessive plural)
-laisin (instructive plural)
-laisine (comitative plural)
-laiseni (nominative singular)
-laiseni (nominative plural)
-laiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-laiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-laiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-laiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-laiseni (genitive singular)
-laisteni (genitive plural)
-laisieni (genitive plural)
-laistani (partitive singular)
-laisiani (partitive plural)
-laisessani (inessive singular)
-laisissani (inessive plural)
-laisestani (elative singular)
-laisistani (elative plural)
-laiseeni (illative singular)
-laisiini (illative plural)
-laisellani (adessive singular)
-laisillani (adessive plural)
-laiseltani (ablative singular)
-laisiltani (ablative plural)
-laiselleni (allative singular)
-laisilleni (allative plural)
-laisenani (essive singular)
-laisinani (essive plural)
-laisekseni (singular translative)
-laisikseni (plural translative)
-laisettani (abessive singular)
-laisittani (abessive plural)
-laisineni (comitative plural)
-laisesi (nominative singular)
-laisesi (nominative plural)
-laisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-laisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-laisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-laisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-laisesi (genitive singular)
-laistesi (genitive plural)
-laisiesi (genitive plural)
-laistasi (partitive singular)
-laisiasi (partitive plural)
-laisessasi (inessive singular)
-laisissasi (inessive plural)
-laisestasi (elative singular)
-laisistasi (elative plural)
-laiseesi (illative singular)
-laisiisi (illative plural)
-laisellasi (adessive singular)
-laisillasi (adessive plural)
-laiseltasi (ablative singular)
-laisiltasi (ablative plural)
-laisellesi (allative singular)
-laisillesi (allative plural)
-laisenasi (essive singular)
-laisinasi (essive plural)
-laiseksesi (singular translative)
-laisiksesi (plural translative)
-laisettasi (abessive singular)
-laisittasi (abessive plural)
-laisinesi (comitative plural)
-laisemme (nominative singular)
-laisemme (nominative plural)
-laisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-laisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-laisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-laisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-laisemme (genitive singular)
-laistemme (genitive plural)
-laisiemme (genitive plural)
-laistamme (partitive singular)
-laisiamme (partitive plural)
-laisessamme (inessive singular)
-laisissamme (inessive plural)
-laisestamme (elative singular)
-laisistamme (elative plural)
-laiseemme (illative singular)
-laisiimme (illative plural)
-laisellamme (adessive singular)
-laisillamme (adessive plural)
-laiseltamme (ablative singular)
-laisiltamme (ablative plural)
-laisellemme (allative singular)
-laisillemme (allative plural)
-laisenamme (essive singular)
-laisinamme (essive plural)
-laiseksemme (singular translative)
-laisiksemme (plural translative)
-laisettamme (abessive singular)
-laisittamme (abessive plural)
-laisinemme (comitative plural)
-laisenne (nominative singular)
-laisenne (nominative plural)
-laisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-laisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-laisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-laisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-laisenne (genitive singular)
-laistenne (genitive plural)
-laisienne (genitive plural)
-laistanne (partitive singular)
-laisianne (partitive plural)
-laisessanne (inessive singular)
-laisissanne (inessive plural)
-laisestanne (elative singular)
-laisistanne (elative plural)
-laiseenne (illative singular)
-laisiinne (illative plural)
-laisellanne (adessive singular)
-laisillanne (adessive plural)
-laiseltanne (ablative singular)
-laisiltanne (ablative plural)
-laisellenne (allative singular)
-laisillenne (allative plural)
-laisenanne (essive singular)
-laisinanne (essive plural)
-laiseksenne (singular translative)
-laisiksenne (plural translative)
-laisettanne (abessive singular)
-laisittanne (abessive plural)
-laisinenne (comitative plural)
-laisensa (nominative singular)
-laisensa (nominative plural)
-laisensa (accusative nominative singular)
-laisensa (accusative nominative plural)
-laisensa (accusative genitive singular)
-laisensa (accusative genitive plural)
-laisensa (genitive singular)
-laistensa (genitive plural)
-laisiensa (genitive plural)
-laistaan (partitive singular)
-laistansa (partitive singular)
-laisiaan (partitive plural)
-laisiansa (partitive plural)
-laisessaan (inessive singular)
-laisessansa (inessive singular)
-laisissaan (inessive plural)
-laisissansa (inessive plural)
-laisestaan (elative singular)
-laisestansa (elative singular)
-laisistaan (elative plural)
-laisistansa (elative plural)
-laiseensa (illative singular)
-laisiinsa (illative plural)
-laisellaan (adessive singular)
-laisellansa (adessive singular)
-laisillaan (adessive plural)
-laisillansa (adessive plural)
-laiseltaan (ablative singular)
-laiseltansa (ablative singular)
-laisiltaan (ablative plural)
-laisiltansa (ablative plural)
-laiselleen (allative singular)
-laisellensa (allative singular)
-laisilleen (allative plural)
-laisillensa (allative plural)
-laisenaan (essive singular)
-laisenansa (essive singular)
-laisinaan (essive plural)
-laisinansa (essive plural)
-laisekseen (singular translative)
-laiseksensa (singular translative)
-laisikseen (plural translative)
-laisiksensa (plural translative)
-laisettaan (abessive singular)
-laisettansa (abessive singular)
-laisittaan (abessive plural)
-laisittansa (abessive plural)
-laisineen (comitative plural)
-laisinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-lainën; synchronically analyzable as a toponymic element -la + -inen. Cognate with Estonian -lane, Veps -laine.
Attested since at least the Bible translation of 1548, which uses it in Mark 7.26 (Grekilainen) and Luke 4.27 (Syrialainen), among other places.

Viro (“Estonia”) + -lainen → virolainen (“Estonian”)

Savo (“Savonia”) + -lainen → savolainen (“Savonian”)

Combined with a place name, forms the noun for the inhabitant of a place; or an adjective meaning "of or relating to (the place)".

German Hegel + -lainen → hegeliläinen (“Hegelian”)

kokoomus + -lainen → kokoomuslainen

Combined with a name, forms an adjective for a member of an organization or other defined group, a follower of philosophy etc.

eläke (“pension”) + -lainen → eläkeläinen (“pensioner”)

vuokra (“rent”) + -lainen → vuokralainen (“tenant, lessee”)

Combined with a common noun, forms nouns for people characterized by this noun.

repo (“(dated) fox”) + -lainen → repolainen (“fox”) (nickname, poetic)

Forms various diminutives; also used in surnames.


-lainen

-lainen (nominative singular)
-laiset (nominative plural)
-lainen (accusative nominative singular)
-laiset (accusative nominative plural)
-laisen (accusative genitive singular)
-laiset (accusative genitive plural)
-laisen (genitive singular)
-laisten (genitive plural)
-laisien (genitive plural)
-laista (partitive singular)
-laisia (partitive plural)
-laisessa (inessive singular)
-laisissa (inessive plural)
-laisesta (elative singular)
-laisista (elative plural)
-laiseen (illative singular)
-laisiin (illative plural)
-laisella (adessive singular)
-laisilla (adessive plural)
-laiselta (ablative singular)
-laisilta (ablative plural)
-laiselle (allative singular)
-laisille (allative plural)
-laisena (essive singular)
-laisina (essive plural)
-laiseksi (singular translative)
-laisiksi (plural translative)
-laisetta (abessive singular)
-laisitta (abessive plural)
-laisin (instructive plural)
-laisine (comitative plural)
-laiseni (nominative singular)
-laiseni (nominative plural)
-laiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-laiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-laiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-laiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-laiseni (genitive singular)
-laisteni (genitive plural)
-laisieni (genitive plural)
-laistani (partitive singular)
-laisiani (partitive plural)
-laisessani (inessive singular)
-laisissani (inessive plural)
-laisestani (elative singular)
-laisistani (elative plural)
-laiseeni (illative singular)
-laisiini (illative plural)
-laisellani (adessive singular)
-laisillani (adessive plural)
-laiseltani (ablative singular)
-laisiltani (ablative plural)
-laiselleni (allative singular)
-laisilleni (allative plural)
-laisenani (essive singular)
-laisinani (essive plural)
-laisekseni (singular translative)
-laisikseni (plural translative)
-laisettani (abessive singular)
-laisittani (abessive plural)
-laisineni (comitative plural)
-laisesi (nominative singular)
-laisesi (nominative plural)
-laisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-laisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-laisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-laisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-laisesi (genitive singular)
-laistesi (genitive plural)
-laisiesi (genitive plural)
-laistasi (partitive singular)
-laisiasi (partitive plural)
-laisessasi (inessive singular)
-laisissasi (inessive plural)
-laisestasi (elative singular)
-laisistasi (elative plural)
-laiseesi (illative singular)
-laisiisi (illative plural)
-laisellasi (adessive singular)
-laisillasi (adessive plural)
-laiseltasi (ablative singular)
-laisiltasi (ablative plural)
-laisellesi (allative singular)
-laisillesi (allative plural)
-laisenasi (essive singular)
-laisinasi (essive plural)
-laiseksesi (singular translative)
-laisiksesi (plural translative)
-laisettasi (abessive singular)
-laisittasi (abessive plural)
-laisinesi (comitative plural)
-laisemme (nominative singular)
-laisemme (nominative plural)
-laisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-laisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-laisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-laisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-laisemme (genitive singular)
-laistemme (genitive plural)
-laisiemme (genitive plural)
-laistamme (partitive singular)
-laisiamme (partitive plural)
-laisessamme (inessive singular)
-laisissamme (inessive plural)
-laisestamme (elative singular)
-laisistamme (elative plural)
-laiseemme (illative singular)
-laisiimme (illative plural)
-laisellamme (adessive singular)
-laisillamme (adessive plural)
-laiseltamme (ablative singular)
-laisiltamme (ablative plural)
-laisellemme (allative singular)
-laisillemme (allative plural)
-laisenamme (essive singular)
-laisinamme (essive plural)
-laiseksemme (singular translative)
-laisiksemme (plural translative)
-laisettamme (abessive singular)
-laisittamme (abessive plural)
-laisinemme (comitative plural)
-laisenne (nominative singular)
-laisenne (nominative plural)
-laisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-laisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-laisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-laisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-laisenne (genitive singular)
-laistenne (genitive plural)
-laisienne (genitive plural)
-laistanne (partitive singular)
-laisianne (partitive plural)
-laisessanne (inessive singular)
-laisissanne (inessive plural)
-laisestanne (elative singular)
-laisistanne (elative plural)
-laiseenne (illative singular)
-laisiinne (illative plural)
-laisellanne (adessive singular)
-laisillanne (adessive plural)
-laiseltanne (ablative singular)
-laisiltanne (ablative plural)
-laisellenne (allative singular)
-laisillenne (allative plural)
-laisenanne (essive singular)
-laisinanne (essive plural)
-laiseksenne (singular translative)
-laisiksenne (plural translative)
-laisettanne (abessive singular)
-laisittanne (abessive plural)
-laisinenne (comitative plural)
-laisensa (nominative singular)
-laisensa (nominative plural)
-laisensa (accusative nominative singular)
-laisensa (accusative nominative plural)
-laisensa (accusative genitive singular)
-laisensa (accusative genitive plural)
-laisensa (genitive singular)
-laistensa (genitive plural)
-laisiensa (genitive plural)
-laistaan (partitive singular)
-laistansa (partitive singular)
-laisiaan (partitive plural)
-laisiansa (partitive plural)
-laisessaan (inessive singular)
-laisessansa (inessive singular)
-laisissaan (inessive plural)
-laisissansa (inessive plural)
-laisestaan (elative singular)
-laisestansa (elative singular)
-laisistaan (elative plural)
-laisistansa (elative plural)
-laiseensa (illative singular)
-laisiinsa (illative plural)
-laisellaan (adessive singular)
-laisellansa (adessive singular)
-laisillaan (adessive plural)
-laisillansa (adessive plural)
-laiseltaan (ablative singular)
-laiseltansa (ablative singular)
-laisiltaan (ablative plural)
-laisiltansa (ablative plural)
-laiselleen (allative singular)
-laisellensa (allative singular)
-laisilleen (allative plural)
-laisillensa (allative plural)
-laisenaan (essive singular)
-laisenansa (essive singular)
-laisinaan (essive plural)
-laisinansa (essive plural)
-laisekseen (singular translative)
-laiseksensa (singular translative)
-laisikseen (plural translative)
-laisiksensa (plural translative)
-laisettaan (abessive singular)
-laisettansa (abessive singular)
-laisittaan (abessive plural)
-laisittansa (abessive plural)
-laisineen (comitative plural)
-laisinensa (comitative plural)

table
From compounds with laji (“kind, sort”) + -inen (compare lailla). The origin as a separate word can still be seen in the imperfect accommodation to vowel harmony. The suffix has been reinforced and influenced by the somewhat similar sounding -llinen (e.g. dialectal millinen for millainen).

eri + -lainen → erilainen (“different”)

eräs + -lainen → eräänlainen (“kind of (a)”)

mikä + -lainen → minkälainen / millainen (“what kind of?”)

sama + -lainen → samanlainen (“similar, of the same kind”)

se + -lainen → sellainen (“such, of that kind”)

tämä + -lainen → tällainen / tälläinen (colloquial) (“of this kind”)

viiden (“five”) + -lainen → viidenlainen (“of five kinds”) (usually used in the plural)

Combined with a pronoun, forms an adjective relating to the kind or nature of a person or an object.

heikko + -lainen → heikonlainen (“relatively weak”)

oikea + -lainen → oikeanlainen (“of a right kind (but not the right one)”)

viileä + -lainen → viileänlainen (“sort of cool”)

Combined with the genitive form of an adjective, forms an adjective indicating a smaller degree of the quality than that described by the original adjective.


-ja

-ja (front vowel harmony variant -jä, linguistic notation -jA)

-jä (front-vowel)
-ja (nominative singular)
-jat (nominative plural)
-ja (accusative nominative singular)
-jat (accusative nominative plural)
-jan (accusative genitive singular)
-jat (accusative genitive plural)
-jan (genitive singular)
-joiden (genitive plural)
-joitten (genitive plural)
-jain (genitive plural rare)
-jaa (partitive singular)
-joita (partitive plural)
-jassa (inessive singular)
-joissa (inessive plural)
-jasta (elative singular)
-joista (elative plural)
-jaan (illative singular)
-joihin (illative plural)
-jalla (adessive singular)
-joilla (adessive plural)
-jalta (ablative singular)
-joilta (ablative plural)
-jalle (allative singular)
-joille (allative plural)
-jana (essive singular)
-joina (essive plural)
-jaksi (singular translative)
-joiksi (plural translative)
-jatta (abessive singular)
-joitta (abessive plural)
-join (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-jani (nominative singular)
-jani (nominative plural)
-jani (accusative nominative singular)
-jani (accusative nominative plural)
-jani (accusative genitive singular)
-jani (accusative genitive plural)
-jani (genitive singular)
-joideni (genitive plural)
-joitteni (genitive plural)
-jaini (genitive plural rare)
-jaani (partitive singular)
-joitani (partitive plural)
-jassani (inessive singular)
-joissani (inessive plural)
-jastani (elative singular)
-joistani (elative plural)
-jaani (illative singular)
-joihini (illative plural)
-jallani (adessive singular)
-joillani (adessive plural)
-jaltani (ablative singular)
-joiltani (ablative plural)
-jalleni (allative singular)
-joilleni (allative plural)
-janani (essive singular)
-joinani (essive plural)
-jakseni (singular translative)
-joikseni (plural translative)
-jattani (abessive singular)
-joittani (abessive plural)
-joineni (comitative plural)
-jasi (nominative singular)
-jasi (nominative plural)
-jasi (accusative nominative singular)
-jasi (accusative nominative plural)
-jasi (accusative genitive singular)
-jasi (accusative genitive plural)
-jasi (genitive singular)
-joidesi (genitive plural)
-joittesi (genitive plural)
-jaisi (genitive plural rare)
-jaasi (partitive singular)
-joitasi (partitive plural)
-jassasi (inessive singular)
-joissasi (inessive plural)
-jastasi (elative singular)
-joistasi (elative plural)
-jaasi (illative singular)
-joihisi (illative plural)
-jallasi (adessive singular)
-joillasi (adessive plural)
-jaltasi (ablative singular)
-joiltasi (ablative plural)
-jallesi (allative singular)
-joillesi (allative plural)
-janasi (essive singular)
-joinasi (essive plural)
-jaksesi (singular translative)
-joiksesi (plural translative)
-jattasi (abessive singular)
-joittasi (abessive plural)
-joinesi (comitative plural)
-jamme (nominative singular)
-jamme (nominative plural)
-jamme (accusative nominative singular)
-jamme (accusative nominative plural)
-jamme (accusative genitive singular)
-jamme (accusative genitive plural)
-jamme (genitive singular)
-joidemme (genitive plural)
-joittemme (genitive plural)
-jaimme (genitive plural rare)
-jaamme (partitive singular)
-joitamme (partitive plural)
-jassamme (inessive singular)
-joissamme (inessive plural)
-jastamme (elative singular)
-joistamme (elative plural)
-jaamme (illative singular)
-joihimme (illative plural)
-jallamme (adessive singular)
-joillamme (adessive plural)
-jaltamme (ablative singular)
-joiltamme (ablative plural)
-jallemme (allative singular)
-joillemme (allative plural)
-janamme (essive singular)
-joinamme (essive plural)
-jaksemme (singular translative)
-joiksemme (plural translative)
-jattamme (abessive singular)
-joittamme (abessive plural)
-joinemme (comitative plural)
-janne (nominative singular)
-janne (nominative plural)
-janne (accusative nominative singular)
-janne (accusative nominative plural)
-janne (accusative genitive singular)
-janne (accusative genitive plural)
-janne (genitive singular)
-joidenne (genitive plural)
-joittenne (genitive plural)
-jainne (genitive plural rare)
-jaanne (partitive singular)
-joitanne (partitive plural)
-jassanne (inessive singular)
-joissanne (inessive plural)
-jastanne (elative singular)
-joistanne (elative plural)
-jaanne (illative singular)
-joihinne (illative plural)
-jallanne (adessive singular)
-joillanne (adessive plural)
-jaltanne (ablative singular)
-joiltanne (ablative plural)
-jallenne (allative singular)
-joillenne (allative plural)
-jananne (essive singular)
-joinanne (essive plural)
-jaksenne (singular translative)
-joiksenne (plural translative)
-jattanne (abessive singular)
-joittanne (abessive plural)
-joinenne (comitative plural)
-jansa (nominative singular)
-jansa (nominative plural)
-jansa (accusative nominative singular)
-jansa (accusative nominative plural)
-jansa (accusative genitive singular)
-jansa (accusative genitive plural)
-jansa (genitive singular)
-joidensa (genitive plural)
-joittensa (genitive plural)
-jainsa (genitive plural rare)
-jaansa (partitive singular)
-joitaan (partitive plural)
-joitansa (partitive plural)
-jassaan (inessive singular)
-jassansa (inessive singular)
-joissaan (inessive plural)
-joissansa (inessive plural)
-jastaan (elative singular)
-jastansa (elative singular)
-joistaan (elative plural)
-joistansa (elative plural)
-jaansa (illative singular)
-joihinsa (illative plural)
-jallaan (adessive singular)
-jallansa (adessive singular)
-joillaan (adessive plural)
-joillansa (adessive plural)
-jaltaan (ablative singular)
-jaltansa (ablative singular)
-joiltaan (ablative plural)
-joiltansa (ablative plural)
-jalleen (allative singular)
-jallensa (allative singular)
-joilleen (allative plural)
-joillensa (allative plural)
-janaan (essive singular)
-janansa (essive singular)
-joinaan (essive plural)
-joinansa (essive plural)
-jakseen (singular translative)
-jaksensa (singular translative)
-joikseen (plural translative)
-joiksensa (plural translative)
-jattaan (abessive singular)
-jattansa (abessive singular)
-joittaan (abessive plural)
-joittansa (abessive plural)
-joineen (comitative plural)
-joinensa (comitative plural)
-ja (nominative singular)
-jat (nominative plural)
-ja (accusative nominative singular)
-jat (accusative nominative plural)
-jan (accusative genitive singular)
-jat (accusative genitive plural)
-jan (genitive singular)
-jien (genitive plural)
-jain (genitive plural rare)
-jaa (partitive singular)
-jia (partitive plural)
-jassa (inessive singular)
-jissa (inessive plural)
-jasta (elative singular)
-jista (elative plural)
-jaan (illative singular)
-jiin (illative plural)
-jalla (adessive singular)
-jilla (adessive plural)
-jalta (ablative singular)
-jilta (ablative plural)
-jalle (allative singular)
-jille (allative plural)
-jana (essive singular)
-jina (essive plural)
-jaksi (singular translative)
-jiksi (plural translative)
-jatta (abessive singular)
-jitta (abessive plural)
-jin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-jani (nominative singular)
-jani (nominative plural)
-jani (accusative nominative singular)
-jani (accusative nominative plural)
-jani (accusative genitive singular)
-jani (accusative genitive plural)
-jani (genitive singular)
-jieni (genitive plural)
-jaini (genitive plural rare)
-jaani (partitive singular)
-jiani (partitive plural)
-jassani (inessive singular)
-jissani (inessive plural)
-jastani (elative singular)
-jistani (elative plural)
-jaani (illative singular)
-jiini (illative plural)
-jallani (adessive singular)
-jillani (adessive plural)
-jaltani (ablative singular)
-jiltani (ablative plural)
-jalleni (allative singular)
-jilleni (allative plural)
-janani (essive singular)
-jinani (essive plural)
-jakseni (singular translative)
-jikseni (plural translative)
-jattani (abessive singular)
-jittani (abessive plural)
-jineni (comitative plural)
-jasi (nominative singular)
-jasi (nominative plural)
-jasi (accusative nominative singular)
-jasi (accusative nominative plural)
-jasi (accusative genitive singular)
-jasi (accusative genitive plural)
-jasi (genitive singular)
-jiesi (genitive plural)
-jaisi (genitive plural rare)
-jaasi (partitive singular)
-jiasi (partitive plural)
-jassasi (inessive singular)
-jissasi (inessive plural)
-jastasi (elative singular)
-jistasi (elative plural)
-jaasi (illative singular)
-jiisi (illative plural)
-jallasi (adessive singular)
-jillasi (adessive plural)
-jaltasi (ablative singular)
-jiltasi (ablative plural)
-jallesi (allative singular)
-jillesi (allative plural)
-janasi (essive singular)
-jinasi (essive plural)
-jaksesi (singular translative)
-jiksesi (plural translative)
-jattasi (abessive singular)
-jittasi (abessive plural)
-jinesi (comitative plural)
-jamme (nominative singular)
-jamme (nominative plural)
-jamme (accusative nominative singular)
-jamme (accusative nominative plural)
-jamme (accusative genitive singular)
-jamme (accusative genitive plural)
-jamme (genitive singular)
-jiemme (genitive plural)
-jaimme (genitive plural rare)
-jaamme (partitive singular)
-jiamme (partitive plural)
-jassamme (inessive singular)
-jissamme (inessive plural)
-jastamme (elative singular)
-jistamme (elative plural)
-jaamme (illative singular)
-jiimme (illative plural)
-jallamme (adessive singular)
-jillamme (adessive plural)
-jaltamme (ablative singular)
-jiltamme (ablative plural)
-jallemme (allative singular)
-jillemme (allative plural)
-janamme (essive singular)
-jinamme (essive plural)
-jaksemme (singular translative)
-jiksemme (plural translative)
-jattamme (abessive singular)
-jittamme (abessive plural)
-jinemme (comitative plural)
-janne (nominative singular)
-janne (nominative plural)
-janne (accusative nominative singular)
-janne (accusative nominative plural)
-janne (accusative genitive singular)
-janne (accusative genitive plural)
-janne (genitive singular)
-jienne (genitive plural)
-jainne (genitive plural rare)
-jaanne (partitive singular)
-jianne (partitive plural)
-jassanne (inessive singular)
-jissanne (inessive plural)
-jastanne (elative singular)
-jistanne (elative plural)
-jaanne (illative singular)
-jiinne (illative plural)
-jallanne (adessive singular)
-jillanne (adessive plural)
-jaltanne (ablative singular)
-jiltanne (ablative plural)
-jallenne (allative singular)
-jillenne (allative plural)
-jananne (essive singular)
-jinanne (essive plural)
-jaksenne (singular translative)
-jiksenne (plural translative)
-jattanne (abessive singular)
-jittanne (abessive plural)
-jinenne (comitative plural)
-jansa (nominative singular)
-jansa (nominative plural)
-jansa (accusative nominative singular)
-jansa (accusative nominative plural)
-jansa (accusative genitive singular)
-jansa (accusative genitive plural)
-jansa (genitive singular)
-jiensa (genitive plural)
-jainsa (genitive plural rare)
-jaansa (partitive singular)
-jiaan (partitive plural)
-jiansa (partitive plural)
-jassaan (inessive singular)
-jassansa (inessive singular)
-jissaan (inessive plural)
-jissansa (inessive plural)
-jastaan (elative singular)
-jastansa (elative singular)
-jistaan (elative plural)
-jistansa (elative plural)
-jaansa (illative singular)
-jiinsa (illative plural)
-jallaan (adessive singular)
-jallansa (adessive singular)
-jillaan (adessive plural)
-jillansa (adessive plural)
-jaltaan (ablative singular)
-jaltansa (ablative singular)
-jiltaan (ablative plural)
-jiltansa (ablative plural)
-jalleen (allative singular)
-jallensa (allative singular)
-jilleen (allative plural)
-jillensa (allative plural)
-janaan (essive singular)
-janansa (essive singular)
-jinaan (essive plural)
-jinansa (essive plural)
-jakseen (singular translative)
-jaksensa (singular translative)
-jikseen (plural translative)
-jiksensa (plural translative)
-jattaan (abessive singular)
-jattansa (abessive singular)
-jittaan (abessive plural)
-jittansa (abessive plural)
-jineen (comitative plural)
-jinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-ja (agent noun suffix), from Proto-Uralic *-ja (present participle ending).

inh

katsoa (“to watch”) + -ja → katsoja (“a watcher, spectator”)

tehdä (“to do”) + -ja → tekijä (“a doer; a writer, author, playwright; a factor”)

syyttää (“to blame”) + -ja → syyttäjä (“prosecutor”)

Forms agent nouns, especially human ones; -er


-si

From Proto-Finnic *-ci, from Proto-Uralic *-ti. Compare Erzya -т (-t).

(sinun) edessäsi

(sinun) takanasi

(possessive) Second-person singular possessive suffix used with or without sinun (the genitive form of the personal pronoun sinä): your sg, thy

(possessive) Appended to a genitive-requiring postposition that is after or without sinun: you sg, thee

You said that you were doing your homework.

Sanoit tekeväsi läksyjäsi. (similar to the Latin structure accusativus cum infinitivo, e.g. se dicit facere)

(possessive) Used in a participle structure replacing an että clause, preceded by a verb expressing e.g. telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person); appended to the active present participle in genitive singular when the action is concurrent with the main clause.

Väitit tehneesi läksyjäsi.

You claimed to have been doing your homework.

(possessive) Used in a participle structure replacing an että clause, preceded by a verb expressing e.g. telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person); appended to the active past participle in genitive singular when the said/alleged (etc.) action antedates the main clause.

Tehdessäsi läksyjäsi (sinä) kuulit laukauksen ulkoa.

(While) doing your homework, you heard a shot from outside.

(possessive) Used in a shortened sentence expressing concurrent actions when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person), appended to the inessive of the active second infinitive.

Tehtyäsi läksysi (sinä) kuulit laukauksen ulkoa.

(After) having done / After doing your homework, you heard a shot from outside.

(possessive) Used in a shortened sentence expressing subsequent actions when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person), appended to the partitive of the passive past participle singular.

Tehdäksesi läksysi hyvin (sinä) menit hiljaiseen huoneeseen.

(In order) to do your homework well, you went into a quiet room.

(possessive) Used in a final shortened sentence expressing "in order to do" when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person), appended to the long first infinitive.

Olit hyvin pahoillasi siitä.

(possessive) Used in some adverbs, when the clause has the subject "you" (addressing one person).

Kävelit kirjoinesi ovesta ulos.

You walked with your books out the door.

(possessive) Always appended to a noun in the comitative case when the clause has the subject "you" (addressing one person).

(sinun) kirjasi


-a

head

-a (front vowel harmony variant -ä, linguistic notation -A)

table
From Proto-Finnic *-da, from the Proto-Uralic ablative case *-ta. A variant form *-ta (whence Finnish -ta) was used after a syllable with secondary stress (suffixal gradation).

(case suffix) Forms the partitive case of nouns, adjectives, numbers and some pronouns.


-a

(verbal suffix) Forms the short form of the first infinitive of verbs.


-an

-an (front vowel harmony variant -än, linguistic notation -An)

From earlier -han, -hVn (now dialectal), from Proto-Finnic *-hën, *-sën (passive or reflexive suffix), the same as the third-person singular possessive suffix (see the possessive suffix entry on -Vn). Initial -ta- is from the passive marker *-tta-.

(personal) Forms the impersonal indicative present forms of verbs, appended to the first infinitive.


-an

laiva + -an → laivaan

(case suffix) A suffix variant for the illative singular, see -Vn.


-an

(possessive) A variant for the third-person suffix -nsa.


-on

Suffix variant for the illative singular, see -Vn.