-nne

-nne (nominative singular)
-nteet (nominative plural)
-nne (accusative nominative singular)
-nteet (accusative nominative plural)
-nteen (accusative genitive singular)
-nteet (accusative genitive plural)
-nteen (genitive singular)
-nteiden (genitive plural)
-nteitten (genitive plural)
-nnetta (partitive singular)
-nteita (partitive plural)
-nteessa (inessive singular)
-nteissa (inessive plural)
-nteesta (elative singular)
-nteista (elative plural)
-nteeseen (illative singular)
-nteisiin (illative plural)
-nteihin (illative plural)
-nteella (adessive singular)
-nteilla (adessive plural)
-nteelta (ablative singular)
-nteilta (ablative plural)
-nteelle (allative singular)
-nteille (allative plural)
-nteena (essive singular)
-nteina (essive plural)
-nteeksi (singular translative)
-nteiksi (plural translative)
-nteetta (abessive singular)
-nteitta (abessive plural)
-ntein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-nteeni (nominative singular)
-nteeni (nominative plural)
-nteeni (accusative nominative singular)
-nteeni (accusative nominative plural)
-nteeni (accusative genitive singular)
-nteeni (accusative genitive plural)
-nteeni (genitive singular)
-nteideni (genitive plural)
-nteitteni (genitive plural)
-nnettani (partitive singular)
-nteitani (partitive plural)
-nteessani (inessive singular)
-nteissani (inessive plural)
-nteestani (elative singular)
-nteistani (elative plural)
-nteeseeni (illative singular)
-nteisiini (illative plural)
-nteihini (illative plural)
-nteellani (adessive singular)
-nteillani (adessive plural)
-nteeltani (ablative singular)
-nteiltani (ablative plural)
-nteelleni (allative singular)
-nteilleni (allative plural)
-nteenani (essive singular)
-nteinani (essive plural)
-nteekseni (singular translative)
-nteikseni (plural translative)
-nteettani (abessive singular)
-nteittani (abessive plural)
-nteineni (comitative plural)
-nteesi (nominative singular)
-nteesi (nominative plural)
-nteesi (accusative nominative singular)
-nteesi (accusative nominative plural)
-nteesi (accusative genitive singular)
-nteesi (accusative genitive plural)
-nteesi (genitive singular)
-nteidesi (genitive plural)
-nteittesi (genitive plural)
-nnettasi (partitive singular)
-nteitasi (partitive plural)
-nteessasi (inessive singular)
-nteissasi (inessive plural)
-nteestasi (elative singular)
-nteistasi (elative plural)
-nteeseesi (illative singular)
-nteisiisi (illative plural)
-nteihisi (illative plural)
-nteellasi (adessive singular)
-nteillasi (adessive plural)
-nteeltasi (ablative singular)
-nteiltasi (ablative plural)
-nteellesi (allative singular)
-nteillesi (allative plural)
-nteenasi (essive singular)
-nteinasi (essive plural)
-nteeksesi (singular translative)
-nteiksesi (plural translative)
-nteettasi (abessive singular)
-nteittasi (abessive plural)
-nteinesi (comitative plural)
-nteemme (nominative singular)
-nteemme (nominative plural)
-nteemme (accusative nominative singular)
-nteemme (accusative nominative plural)
-nteemme (accusative genitive singular)
-nteemme (accusative genitive plural)
-nteemme (genitive singular)
-nteidemme (genitive plural)
-nteittemme (genitive plural)
-nnettamme (partitive singular)
-nteitamme (partitive plural)
-nteessamme (inessive singular)
-nteissamme (inessive plural)
-nteestamme (elative singular)
-nteistamme (elative plural)
-nteeseemme (illative singular)
-nteisiimme (illative plural)
-nteihimme (illative plural)
-nteellamme (adessive singular)
-nteillamme (adessive plural)
-nteeltamme (ablative singular)
-nteiltamme (ablative plural)
-nteellemme (allative singular)
-nteillemme (allative plural)
-nteenamme (essive singular)
-nteinamme (essive plural)
-nteeksemme (singular translative)
-nteiksemme (plural translative)
-nteettamme (abessive singular)
-nteittamme (abessive plural)
-nteinemme (comitative plural)
-nteenne (nominative singular)
-nteenne (nominative plural)
-nteenne (accusative nominative singular)
-nteenne (accusative nominative plural)
-nteenne (accusative genitive singular)
-nteenne (accusative genitive plural)
-nteenne (genitive singular)
-nteidenne (genitive plural)
-nteittenne (genitive plural)
-nnettanne (partitive singular)
-nteitanne (partitive plural)
-nteessanne (inessive singular)
-nteissanne (inessive plural)
-nteestanne (elative singular)
-nteistanne (elative plural)
-nteeseenne (illative singular)
-nteisiinne (illative plural)
-nteihinne (illative plural)
-nteellanne (adessive singular)
-nteillanne (adessive plural)
-nteeltanne (ablative singular)
-nteiltanne (ablative plural)
-nteellenne (allative singular)
-nteillenne (allative plural)
-nteenanne (essive singular)
-nteinanne (essive plural)
-nteeksenne (singular translative)
-nteiksenne (plural translative)
-nteettanne (abessive singular)
-nteittanne (abessive plural)
-nteinenne (comitative plural)
-nteensa (nominative singular)
-nteensa (nominative plural)
-nteensa (accusative nominative singular)
-nteensa (accusative nominative plural)
-nteensa (accusative genitive singular)
-nteensa (accusative genitive plural)
-nteensa (genitive singular)
-nteidensa (genitive plural)
-nteittensa (genitive plural)
-nnettaan (partitive singular)
-nnettansa (partitive singular)
-nteitaan (partitive plural)
-nteitansa (partitive plural)
-nteessaan (inessive singular)
-nteessansa (inessive singular)
-nteissaan (inessive plural)
-nteissansa (inessive plural)
-nteestaan (elative singular)
-nteestansa (elative singular)
-nteistaan (elative plural)
-nteistansa (elative plural)
-nteeseensa (illative singular)
-nteisiinsa (illative plural)
-nteihinsa (illative plural)
-nteellaan (adessive singular)
-nteellansa (adessive singular)
-nteillaan (adessive plural)
-nteillansa (adessive plural)
-nteeltaan (ablative singular)
-nteeltansa (ablative singular)
-nteiltaan (ablative plural)
-nteiltansa (ablative plural)
-nteelleen (allative singular)
-nteellensa (allative singular)
-nteilleen (allative plural)
-nteillensa (allative plural)
-nteenaan (essive singular)
-nteenansa (essive singular)
-nteinaan (essive plural)
-nteinansa (essive plural)
-nteekseen (singular translative)
-nteeksensa (singular translative)
-nteikseen (plural translative)
-nteiksensa (plural translative)
-nteettaan (abessive singular)
-nteettansa (abessive singular)
-nteittaan (abessive plural)
-nteittansa (abessive plural)
-nteineen (comitative plural)
-nteinensa (comitative plural)

From -nta + -e or re-extracted from derivations with -e from -ntA- verbs. Related to Karelian -ndeh.

jyrkkä (“steep”) + -nne → jyrkänne (“bank, cliff, precipice”)

tasa (“of the same level”) + -nne → tasanne (“deck, landing”)

tila (“state”) + -nne → tilanne (“situation”)

rakentaa (“to construct”) + -nne → rakenne (“structure”)

ohentaa (“to thin”) + -nne → ohenne (“thinner”)

Forms nouns indicating that some essential element of the meaning of the root word is present in the meaning of the derived term.


-nne

From Proto-Finnic *-nnëk, possibly from Proto-Uralic *-n (lative suffix) + *-k (lative suffix).


-nsa

head

-nsa (front vowel harmony variant -nsä, linguistic notation -nsA)

From Proto-Finnic *-nsak, from Proto-Uralic *-nsa[t/k]. In Finnic, a third-person plural oblique possessive suffix (i.e. for a third-person plural possessor and all cases but the nominative singular). Third-person singular and plural possessive forms merged quite early on.
Adopted in western dialects as the general third-person possessive suffix then, since the non-oblique form *-sak would have lenited to *-hV(k), which was avoided.
Cognate with Erzya -(н)зо (-(n)zo), -ст (-st).

Kalle luki kirjansa.

possessive suffix
Appendix:Finnish possessive suffixes

(possessive) Third-person possessive suffix, used with the genitive forms of the third-person pronouns hän sg (hänen) and he pl (heidän): his, her; their (only of people); its (in some cases; see the usage notes below)

(possessive) Third-person reflexive possessive suffix.

hänen takanansa

heidän edessänsä

(possessive) Appended to a postposition, when it modifies a word in the genitive case and a third-person personal pronoun is used: him, her; them (only of people)

He sanoivat saavansa rahaa.

They said that they were receiving money.

(possessive) Used in a participle structure replacing an "että" clause, preceded by a verb expressing e.g. telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "he", "she" or "they" (only of people); appended to the active present participle in genitive singular when the action is concurrent with the main clause.

Hän väitti saaneensa rahaa.

(possessive) Used in a participle structure replacing an "että" clause, preceded by a verb expressing e.g. telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "he", "she" or "they" (only of people); appended to the active past participle in genitive singular when the said/alleged (etc.) action antedates the main clause.

Saadessansa rahaa hän kuuli laukauksen ulkoa.

(While) receiving money, he heard a shot from outside.

(possessive) Used in a shortened sentence expressing concurrent actions when the clauses have the same subject in the third person, appended to the inessive of the active second infinitive.

Saatuansa rahaa hän kuuli laukauksen ulkoa.

(After) having received / After receiving money, she heard a shot from outside.

(possessive) Used in a shortened sentence expressing subsequent actions when the clauses have the same subject in the third person, appended to the partitive of the passive past participle singular.

Saadaksensa enemmän rahaa he vaihtoivat työpaikkaa.

(In order) to get more money, they changed their job.

(possessive) Used in a final shortened sentence expressing "in order to do" when the clauses have the same subject in the third person, appended to the long first infinitive.

Hän oli hyvin pahoillansa siitä.

adverbs
Category:Finnish predicative adverbials

(possessive) Used in some adverbs that include back vowels, when the clause has the subject in the third person.

Hän käveli kirjoinensa ovesta ulos.

S/he walked out the door with his/her books.

(possessive) Always appended to a noun in the comitative case when the clause has the subject in the third person.

hänen kirjansa

hänen äänensä

heidän kirjansa

Kalle luki hänen kirjansa.


-ita

-ita (front vowel harmony variant -itä, stem -itse-, linguistic notation -itse- or -itA)

-itä (front-vowel)
-itse- (stem)
-itsen (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -itse (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -innut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -innut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-itset (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -itse (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -innut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -innut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-itsee (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -itse (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -innut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -innut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-itsemme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -itse (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -inneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -inneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-itsette (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -itse (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-itsevat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -itse (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-itaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -ita (indicative negative passive present)
on -ittu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -ittu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-itsin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -innut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -innut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -innut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-itsit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -innut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -innut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-itsi (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -innut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -innut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-itsimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -inneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -inneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -inneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-itsitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -inneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-itsivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -inneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-ittiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -ittu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -ittu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -ittu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-itsisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -itsisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -innut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -innut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-itsisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -itsisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -innut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-itsisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -itsisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -innut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-itsisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -itsisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -inneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -inneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-itsisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -itsisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-itsisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -itsisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -ittaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -ittu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -ittu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-itse (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -itse (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-itkoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -itko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -innut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -innut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-itkaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -itko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-itkaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -itko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-itkoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -itko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -inneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -inneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -ittako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -ittu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -ittu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-innen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -inne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -innut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -innut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-innet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -inne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -innut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -innut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-innee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -inne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -innut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -innut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-innemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -inne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -inneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -inneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-innette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -inne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -inneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-innevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -inne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -inneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-ittaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -ittane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -ittu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -ittu (negative passive perfect potential)
-ita (infinitive infinitive-i)
-itseva (active participle present)
-ittava (participle passive present)
-itakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-itaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-itaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-itaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-itakseen (possessive third-person)
-itaksensa (possessive third-person)
-innut (infinitive-i-long past)
-ittu (infinitive-i-long past)
-itessa (inessive second-person)
-ittaessa (inessive second-person)
-itsema (agent)
-itessani (first-person possessive singular)
-itessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-itessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-itessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-itessaan (possessive third-person)
-itessansa (possessive third-person)
-itsematon (inessive negative second-person)
-iten (instructive second-person)
-itsemassa (inessive third-person)
-itsemasta (elative third-person)
-itsemaan (illative third-person)
-itsemalla (adessive third-person)
-itsematta (abessive third-person)
-itseman (instructive third-person)
-ittaman (instructive third-person)
-itseminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-itsemaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-itsemaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-itsemaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-itsemaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-itsemaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-itsemaisillansa (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Finnic *-it'ak, from Proto-Uralic *-ńće-, *-nśe- (probably akin to the diminutive ending -ise-). The original stem before preceding endings other than original *-et-, is *-icc- (e.g. *valic'en, *valiccepi, but *valit'ak). However, potential forms were replaced with ones in -nn- by semi-regular sound changes, intensified by degemination of -cc- to -c- and later assimilation to -n- (cf. *saictak → potential *sainni).

naula (“nail”) + -ita → naulita (“to nail down”)

lääke (“medicine”) + -ita → lääkitä (“to medicate”)

tulkki (“interpreter”) + -ita → tulkita (“to interpret”)

Forms some verbs indicating acting in a capacity or a profession.

tarve (“need”) + -ita → tarvita (“to need”)

villi (“wild”) + -ita → villitä (“to drive wild”)

Forms various other verbs from nouns or adjectives.


-ita

-ita (front vowel harmony variant -itä, stem -ia-, linguistic notation -iA- or -itA)

-itä (front-vowel)
-ia- (stem)
-ian (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -ia (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -innut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -innut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-iat (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -ia (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -innut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -innut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-iaa (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -ia (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -innut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -innut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-iamme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -ia (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -inneet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -inneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-iatte (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -ia (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-iavat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ia (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -inneet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -inneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-itaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -ita (indicative negative passive present)
on -ittu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -ittu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-isin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -innut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -innut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -innut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-isit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -innut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -innut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-isi (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -innut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -innut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -innut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-isimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -inneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -inneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -inneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-isitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -inneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-isivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -inneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -inneet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -inneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-ittiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -ittu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -ittu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -ittu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-iaisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -iaisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -innut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -innut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-iaisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -iaisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -innut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-iaisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -iaisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -innut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -innut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-iaisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -iaisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -inneet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -inneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-iaisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -iaisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-iaisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -iaisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -inneet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -inneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -ittaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -ittu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -ittu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-ia (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -ia (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-itkoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -itko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -innut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -innut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-itkaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -itko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-itkaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -itko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-itkoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -itko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -inneet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -inneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-ittakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -ittako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -ittu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -ittu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-innen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -inne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -innut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -innut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-innet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -inne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -innut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -innut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-innee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -inne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -innut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -innut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-innemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -inne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -inneet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -inneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-innette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -inne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -inneet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-innevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -inne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -inneet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -inneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-ittaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -ittane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -ittu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -ittu (negative passive perfect potential)
-ita (infinitive infinitive-i)
-iava (active participle present)
-ittava (participle passive present)
-itakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-itaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-itaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-itaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-itakseen (possessive third-person)
-itaksensa (possessive third-person)
-innut (infinitive-i-long past)
-ittu (infinitive-i-long past)
-itessa (inessive second-person)
-ittaessa (inessive second-person)
-iama (agent)
-itessani (first-person possessive singular)
-itessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-itessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-itessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-itessaan (possessive third-person)
-itessansa (possessive third-person)
-iamaton (inessive negative second-person)
-iten (instructive second-person)
-iamassa (inessive third-person)
-iamasta (elative third-person)
-iamaan (illative third-person)
-iamalla (adessive third-person)
-iamatta (abessive third-person)
-iaman (instructive third-person)
-ittaman (instructive third-person)
-iaminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-iamaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-iamaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-iamaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-iamaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-iamaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-iamaisillansa (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Finnic *-it'ak. Roughly equivalent to -i- + -ta; compare -ittaa.

alternative form of -ta (“translative/reflexive verb suffix”)


-ita

-ita (front vowel harmony variant -itä, stem -i-, linguistic notation -i- or -itA)

(Eastern Finnish) alternative form of -ida


-pa

-pa (front vowel harmony variant -pä, linguistic notation -pA)

The original strong grade of the present active participle suffix -va.

käydä (“to be suitable”) + -pa → käypä (“current, going; valid; popular; suitable, fitting”) (doublet of käyvä (“that which or who suits, goes”))

syödä (“to eat”) + -pa → syöpä (“cancer”) (doublet of syövä (“that which or who eats”))

juoda (“to drink”) + -pa → juopa (“streak”) (doublet of juova (“that which or who drinks”))

suoda (“to give, allow, permit, grant”) + -pa → -suopa (“quality of having an intent or will towards others”, in pahansuopa (“malevolent”)) (doublet of suova (“that which or who allows or permits”))

Forms adjectives or nouns of a very limited amount of verbs.


-hän

-han

the same particle in words with back vowel harmony


-han

alternative form of -hVn (illative singular)


-kkö

-kkö (nominative singular)
-köt (nominative plural)
-kkö (accusative nominative singular)
-köt (accusative nominative plural)
-kön (accusative genitive singular)
-köt (accusative genitive plural)
-kön (genitive singular)
-kköjen (genitive plural)
-köiden (genitive plural)
-köitten (genitive plural)
-kköä (partitive singular)
-kköjä (partitive plural)
-köitä (partitive plural)
-kössä (inessive singular)
-köissä (inessive plural)
-köstä (elative singular)
-köistä (elative plural)
-kköön (illative singular)
-kköihin (illative plural)
-köihin (illative plural)
-köllä (adessive singular)
-köillä (adessive plural)
-költä (ablative singular)
-köiltä (ablative plural)
-kölle (allative singular)
-köille (allative plural)
-kkönä (essive singular)
-kköinä (essive plural)
-köksi (singular translative)
-köiksi (plural translative)
-köttä (abessive singular)
-köittä (abessive plural)
-köin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-kköni (nominative singular)
-kköni (nominative plural)
-kköni (accusative nominative singular)
-kköni (accusative nominative plural)
-kköni (accusative genitive singular)
-kköni (accusative genitive plural)
-kköni (genitive singular)
-kköjeni (genitive plural)
-köideni (genitive plural)
-köitteni (genitive plural)
-kköäni (partitive singular)
-kköjäni (partitive plural)
-köitäni (partitive plural)
-kössäni (inessive singular)
-köissäni (inessive plural)
-köstäni (elative singular)
-köistäni (elative plural)
-kkööni (illative singular)
-kköihini (illative plural)
-köihini (illative plural)
-kölläni (adessive singular)
-köilläni (adessive plural)
-költäni (ablative singular)
-köiltäni (ablative plural)
-kölleni (allative singular)
-köilleni (allative plural)
-kkönäni (essive singular)
-kköinäni (essive plural)
-kökseni (singular translative)
-köikseni (plural translative)
-köttäni (abessive singular)
-köittäni (abessive plural)
-kköineni (comitative plural)
-kkösi (nominative singular)
-kkösi (nominative plural)
-kkösi (accusative nominative singular)
-kkösi (accusative nominative plural)
-kkösi (accusative genitive singular)
-kkösi (accusative genitive plural)
-kkösi (genitive singular)
-kköjesi (genitive plural)
-köidesi (genitive plural)
-köittesi (genitive plural)
-kköäsi (partitive singular)
-kköjäsi (partitive plural)
-köitäsi (partitive plural)
-kössäsi (inessive singular)
-köissäsi (inessive plural)
-köstäsi (elative singular)
-köistäsi (elative plural)
-kköösi (illative singular)
-kköihisi (illative plural)
-köihisi (illative plural)
-kölläsi (adessive singular)
-köilläsi (adessive plural)
-költäsi (ablative singular)
-köiltäsi (ablative plural)
-köllesi (allative singular)
-köillesi (allative plural)
-kkönäsi (essive singular)
-kköinäsi (essive plural)
-köksesi (singular translative)
-köiksesi (plural translative)
-köttäsi (abessive singular)
-köittäsi (abessive plural)
-kköinesi (comitative plural)
-kkömme (nominative singular)
-kkömme (nominative plural)
-kkömme (accusative nominative singular)
-kkömme (accusative nominative plural)
-kkömme (accusative genitive singular)
-kkömme (accusative genitive plural)
-kkömme (genitive singular)
-kköjemme (genitive plural)
-köidemme (genitive plural)
-köittemme (genitive plural)
-kköämme (partitive singular)
-kköjämme (partitive plural)
-köitämme (partitive plural)
-kössämme (inessive singular)
-köissämme (inessive plural)
-köstämme (elative singular)
-köistämme (elative plural)
-kköömme (illative singular)
-kköihimme (illative plural)
-köihimme (illative plural)
-köllämme (adessive singular)
-köillämme (adessive plural)
-költämme (ablative singular)
-köiltämme (ablative plural)
-köllemme (allative singular)
-köillemme (allative plural)
-kkönämme (essive singular)
-kköinämme (essive plural)
-köksemme (singular translative)
-köiksemme (plural translative)
-köttämme (abessive singular)
-köittämme (abessive plural)
-kköinemme (comitative plural)
-kkönne (nominative singular)
-kkönne (nominative plural)
-kkönne (accusative nominative singular)
-kkönne (accusative nominative plural)
-kkönne (accusative genitive singular)
-kkönne (accusative genitive plural)
-kkönne (genitive singular)
-kköjenne (genitive plural)
-köidenne (genitive plural)
-köittenne (genitive plural)
-kköänne (partitive singular)
-kköjänne (partitive plural)
-köitänne (partitive plural)
-kössänne (inessive singular)
-köissänne (inessive plural)
-köstänne (elative singular)
-köistänne (elative plural)
-kköönne (illative singular)
-kköihinne (illative plural)
-köihinne (illative plural)
-köllänne (adessive singular)
-köillänne (adessive plural)
-költänne (ablative singular)
-köiltänne (ablative plural)
-köllenne (allative singular)
-köillenne (allative plural)
-kkönänne (essive singular)
-kköinänne (essive plural)
-köksenne (singular translative)
-köiksenne (plural translative)
-köttänne (abessive singular)
-köittänne (abessive plural)
-kköinenne (comitative plural)
-kkönsä (nominative singular)
-kkönsä (nominative plural)
-kkönsä (accusative nominative singular)
-kkönsä (accusative nominative plural)
-kkönsä (accusative genitive singular)
-kkönsä (accusative genitive plural)
-kkönsä (genitive singular)
-kköjensä (genitive plural)
-köidensä (genitive plural)
-köittensä (genitive plural)
-kköään (partitive singular)
-kköänsä (partitive singular)
-kköjään (partitive plural)
-köitään (partitive plural)
-kköjänsä (partitive plural)
-köitänsä (partitive plural)
-kössään (inessive singular)
-kössänsä (inessive singular)
-köissään (inessive plural)
-köissänsä (inessive plural)
-köstään (elative singular)
-köstänsä (elative singular)
-köistään (elative plural)
-köistänsä (elative plural)
-kköönsä (illative singular)
-kköihinsä (illative plural)
-köihinsä (illative plural)
-köllään (adessive singular)
-köllänsä (adessive singular)
-köillään (adessive plural)
-köillänsä (adessive plural)
-költään (ablative singular)
-költänsä (ablative singular)
-köiltään (ablative plural)
-köiltänsä (ablative plural)
-kölleen (allative singular)
-köllensä (allative singular)
-köilleen (allative plural)
-köillensä (allative plural)
-kkönään (essive singular)
-kkönänsä (essive singular)
-kköinään (essive plural)
-kköinänsä (essive plural)
-kökseen (singular translative)
-köksensä (singular translative)
-köikseen (plural translative)
-köiksensä (plural translative)
-köttään (abessive singular)
-köttänsä (abessive singular)
-köittään (abessive plural)
-köittänsä (abessive plural)
-kköineen (comitative plural)
-kköinensä (comitative plural)


-nen

-nen (nominative singular)
-set (nominative plural)
-nen (accusative nominative singular)
-set (accusative nominative plural)
-sen (accusative genitive singular)
-set (accusative genitive plural)
-sen (genitive singular)
-sten (genitive plural)
-sien (genitive plural)
-sta (partitive singular)
-sia (partitive plural)
-sessa (inessive singular)
-sissa (inessive plural)
-sesta (elative singular)
-sista (elative plural)
-seen (illative singular)
-siin (illative plural)
-sella (adessive singular)
-silla (adessive plural)
-selta (ablative singular)
-silta (ablative plural)
-selle (allative singular)
-sille (allative plural)
-sena (essive singular)
-sina (essive plural)
-seksi (singular translative)
-siksi (plural translative)
-setta (abessive singular)
-sitta (abessive plural)
-sin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-seni (nominative singular)
-seni (nominative plural)
-seni (accusative nominative singular)
-seni (accusative nominative plural)
-seni (accusative genitive singular)
-seni (accusative genitive plural)
-seni (genitive singular)
-steni (genitive plural)
-sieni (genitive plural)
-stani (partitive singular)
-siani (partitive plural)
-sessani (inessive singular)
-sissani (inessive plural)
-sestani (elative singular)
-sistani (elative plural)
-seeni (illative singular)
-siini (illative plural)
-sellani (adessive singular)
-sillani (adessive plural)
-seltani (ablative singular)
-siltani (ablative plural)
-selleni (allative singular)
-silleni (allative plural)
-senani (essive singular)
-sinani (essive plural)
-sekseni (singular translative)
-sikseni (plural translative)
-settani (abessive singular)
-sittani (abessive plural)
-sineni (comitative plural)
-sesi (nominative singular)
-sesi (nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative nominative singular)
-sesi (accusative nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative genitive singular)
-sesi (accusative genitive plural)
-sesi (genitive singular)
-stesi (genitive plural)
-siesi (genitive plural)
-stasi (partitive singular)
-siasi (partitive plural)
-sessasi (inessive singular)
-sissasi (inessive plural)
-sestasi (elative singular)
-sistasi (elative plural)
-seesi (illative singular)
-siisi (illative plural)
-sellasi (adessive singular)
-sillasi (adessive plural)
-seltasi (ablative singular)
-siltasi (ablative plural)
-sellesi (allative singular)
-sillesi (allative plural)
-senasi (essive singular)
-sinasi (essive plural)
-seksesi (singular translative)
-siksesi (plural translative)
-settasi (abessive singular)
-sittasi (abessive plural)
-sinesi (comitative plural)
-semme (nominative singular)
-semme (nominative plural)
-semme (accusative nominative singular)
-semme (accusative nominative plural)
-semme (accusative genitive singular)
-semme (accusative genitive plural)
-semme (genitive singular)
-stemme (genitive plural)
-siemme (genitive plural)
-stamme (partitive singular)
-siamme (partitive plural)
-sessamme (inessive singular)
-sissamme (inessive plural)
-sestamme (elative singular)
-sistamme (elative plural)
-seemme (illative singular)
-siimme (illative plural)
-sellamme (adessive singular)
-sillamme (adessive plural)
-seltamme (ablative singular)
-siltamme (ablative plural)
-sellemme (allative singular)
-sillemme (allative plural)
-senamme (essive singular)
-sinamme (essive plural)
-seksemme (singular translative)
-siksemme (plural translative)
-settamme (abessive singular)
-sittamme (abessive plural)
-sinemme (comitative plural)
-senne (nominative singular)
-senne (nominative plural)
-senne (accusative nominative singular)
-senne (accusative nominative plural)
-senne (accusative genitive singular)
-senne (accusative genitive plural)
-senne (genitive singular)
-stenne (genitive plural)
-sienne (genitive plural)
-stanne (partitive singular)
-sianne (partitive plural)
-sessanne (inessive singular)
-sissanne (inessive plural)
-sestanne (elative singular)
-sistanne (elative plural)
-seenne (illative singular)
-siinne (illative plural)
-sellanne (adessive singular)
-sillanne (adessive plural)
-seltanne (ablative singular)
-siltanne (ablative plural)
-sellenne (allative singular)
-sillenne (allative plural)
-senanne (essive singular)
-sinanne (essive plural)
-seksenne (singular translative)
-siksenne (plural translative)
-settanne (abessive singular)
-sittanne (abessive plural)
-sinenne (comitative plural)
-sensa (nominative singular)
-sensa (nominative plural)
-sensa (accusative nominative singular)
-sensa (accusative nominative plural)
-sensa (accusative genitive singular)
-sensa (accusative genitive plural)
-sensa (genitive singular)
-stensa (genitive plural)
-siensa (genitive plural)
-staan (partitive singular)
-stansa (partitive singular)
-siaan (partitive plural)
-siansa (partitive plural)
-sessaan (inessive singular)
-sessansa (inessive singular)
-sissaan (inessive plural)
-sissansa (inessive plural)
-sestaan (elative singular)
-sestansa (elative singular)
-sistaan (elative plural)
-sistansa (elative plural)
-seensa (illative singular)
-siinsa (illative plural)
-sellaan (adessive singular)
-sellansa (adessive singular)
-sillaan (adessive plural)
-sillansa (adessive plural)
-seltaan (ablative singular)
-seltansa (ablative singular)
-siltaan (ablative plural)
-siltansa (ablative plural)
-selleen (allative singular)
-sellensa (allative singular)
-silleen (allative plural)
-sillensa (allative plural)
-senaan (essive singular)
-senansa (essive singular)
-sinaan (essive plural)
-sinansa (essive plural)
-sekseen (singular translative)
-seksensa (singular translative)
-sikseen (plural translative)
-siksensa (plural translative)
-settaan (abessive singular)
-settansa (abessive singular)
-sittaan (abessive plural)
-sittansa (abessive plural)
-sineen (comitative plural)
-sinensa (comitative plural)
-nen (nominative singular)
-set (nominative plural)
-nen (accusative nominative singular)
-set (accusative nominative plural)
-sen (accusative genitive singular)
-set (accusative genitive plural)
-sen (genitive singular)
-sten (genitive plural)
-sien (genitive plural)
-stä (partitive singular)
-siä (partitive plural)
-sessä (inessive singular)
-sissä (inessive plural)
-sestä (elative singular)
-sistä (elative plural)
-seen (illative singular)
-siin (illative plural)
-sellä (adessive singular)
-sillä (adessive plural)
-seltä (ablative singular)
-siltä (ablative plural)
-selle (allative singular)
-sille (allative plural)
-senä (essive singular)
-sinä (essive plural)
-seksi (singular translative)
-siksi (plural translative)
-settä (abessive singular)
-sittä (abessive plural)
-sin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-seni (nominative singular)
-seni (nominative plural)
-seni (accusative nominative singular)
-seni (accusative nominative plural)
-seni (accusative genitive singular)
-seni (accusative genitive plural)
-seni (genitive singular)
-steni (genitive plural)
-sieni (genitive plural)
-stäni (partitive singular)
-siäni (partitive plural)
-sessäni (inessive singular)
-sissäni (inessive plural)
-sestäni (elative singular)
-sistäni (elative plural)
-seeni (illative singular)
-siini (illative plural)
-selläni (adessive singular)
-silläni (adessive plural)
-seltäni (ablative singular)
-siltäni (ablative plural)
-selleni (allative singular)
-silleni (allative plural)
-senäni (essive singular)
-sinäni (essive plural)
-sekseni (singular translative)
-sikseni (plural translative)
-settäni (abessive singular)
-sittäni (abessive plural)
-sineni (comitative plural)
-sesi (nominative singular)
-sesi (nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative nominative singular)
-sesi (accusative nominative plural)
-sesi (accusative genitive singular)
-sesi (accusative genitive plural)
-sesi (genitive singular)
-stesi (genitive plural)
-siesi (genitive plural)
-stäsi (partitive singular)
-siäsi (partitive plural)
-sessäsi (inessive singular)
-sissäsi (inessive plural)
-sestäsi (elative singular)
-sistäsi (elative plural)
-seesi (illative singular)
-siisi (illative plural)
-selläsi (adessive singular)
-silläsi (adessive plural)
-seltäsi (ablative singular)
-siltäsi (ablative plural)
-sellesi (allative singular)
-sillesi (allative plural)
-senäsi (essive singular)
-sinäsi (essive plural)
-seksesi (singular translative)
-siksesi (plural translative)
-settäsi (abessive singular)
-sittäsi (abessive plural)
-sinesi (comitative plural)
-semme (nominative singular)
-semme (nominative plural)
-semme (accusative nominative singular)
-semme (accusative nominative plural)
-semme (accusative genitive singular)
-semme (accusative genitive plural)
-semme (genitive singular)
-stemme (genitive plural)
-siemme (genitive plural)
-stämme (partitive singular)
-siämme (partitive plural)
-sessämme (inessive singular)
-sissämme (inessive plural)
-sestämme (elative singular)
-sistämme (elative plural)
-seemme (illative singular)
-siimme (illative plural)
-sellämme (adessive singular)
-sillämme (adessive plural)
-seltämme (ablative singular)
-siltämme (ablative plural)
-sellemme (allative singular)
-sillemme (allative plural)
-senämme (essive singular)
-sinämme (essive plural)
-seksemme (singular translative)
-siksemme (plural translative)
-settämme (abessive singular)
-sittämme (abessive plural)
-sinemme (comitative plural)
-senne (nominative singular)
-senne (nominative plural)
-senne (accusative nominative singular)
-senne (accusative nominative plural)
-senne (accusative genitive singular)
-senne (accusative genitive plural)
-senne (genitive singular)
-stenne (genitive plural)
-sienne (genitive plural)
-stänne (partitive singular)
-siänne (partitive plural)
-sessänne (inessive singular)
-sissänne (inessive plural)
-sestänne (elative singular)
-sistänne (elative plural)
-seenne (illative singular)
-siinne (illative plural)
-sellänne (adessive singular)
-sillänne (adessive plural)
-seltänne (ablative singular)
-siltänne (ablative plural)
-sellenne (allative singular)
-sillenne (allative plural)
-senänne (essive singular)
-sinänne (essive plural)
-seksenne (singular translative)
-siksenne (plural translative)
-settänne (abessive singular)
-sittänne (abessive plural)
-sinenne (comitative plural)
-sensä (nominative singular)
-sensä (nominative plural)
-sensä (accusative nominative singular)
-sensä (accusative nominative plural)
-sensä (accusative genitive singular)
-sensä (accusative genitive plural)
-sensä (genitive singular)
-stensä (genitive plural)
-siensä (genitive plural)
-stään (partitive singular)
-stänsä (partitive singular)
-siään (partitive plural)
-siänsä (partitive plural)
-sessään (inessive singular)
-sessänsä (inessive singular)
-sissään (inessive plural)
-sissänsä (inessive plural)
-sestään (elative singular)
-sestänsä (elative singular)
-sistään (elative plural)
-sistänsä (elative plural)
-seensä (illative singular)
-siinsä (illative plural)
-sellään (adessive singular)
-sellänsä (adessive singular)
-sillään (adessive plural)
-sillänsä (adessive plural)
-seltään (ablative singular)
-seltänsä (ablative singular)
-siltään (ablative plural)
-siltänsä (ablative plural)
-selleen (allative singular)
-sellensä (allative singular)
-silleen (allative plural)
-sillensä (allative plural)
-senään (essive singular)
-senänsä (essive singular)
-sinään (essive plural)
-sinänsä (essive plural)
-sekseen (singular translative)
-seksensä (singular translative)
-sikseen (plural translative)
-siksensä (plural translative)
-settään (abessive singular)
-settänsä (abessive singular)
-sittään (abessive plural)
-sittänsä (abessive plural)
-sineen (comitative plural)
-sinensä (comitative plural)

Originally a variant form of -inen. The -i- was dropped in certain dialects, particularly nouns with more than two syllables prior to the suffix. The distinction between using -nen for nouns (including nouns with two or fewer syllables in the root) and -inen for adjectives is a later literary invention, resulting in what were originally two variants of the same suffix being artificially separated in meaning.

lapsi (“child”) + -nen → lapsonen (“kid”)

pala (“piece”) + -nen → palanen (“small piece”)

kulta (“gold, dear”) + -nen → kultanen (“darling”)

tuuli (“wind”) + -nen → tuulonen (“gentle wind, breeze”)

Ukko (“the God of Thunder”) + -nen → ukkonen (“thunder”)

Forms diminutive nouns or terms expressing affection.

virta (“river”) + -nen → Virtanen

Forms surnames of association (surnames of w:Virtanen type), by now devoid of meaning.

(colloquial, dialectal) alternative form of -inen


-tte

From Proto-Finnic *-kta (< *-k-ta), from *-k (marker for the present tense) + *-ta (from Proto-Uralic). Form influenced by te, the second-person plural personal pronoun. In the past tense, there was originally -i- in place of -k- (*-ita > *-itë), but the present suffix has been generalized to all tenses and moods.

luette

(personal) Forms the second-person plural of verbs.


-mainen

-mainen (front vowel harmony variant -mäinen, linguistic notation -mAinen, comparative -maisempi, superlative -maisin)

-mäinen (front-vowel)
-maisempi (comparative)
-maisin (superlative)
-mainen (nominative singular)
-maiset (nominative plural)
-mainen (accusative nominative singular)
-maiset (accusative nominative plural)
-maisen (accusative genitive singular)
-maiset (accusative genitive plural)
-maisen (genitive singular)
-maisten (genitive plural)
-maisien (genitive plural)
-maista (partitive singular)
-maisia (partitive plural)
-maisessa (inessive singular)
-maisissa (inessive plural)
-maisesta (elative singular)
-maisista (elative plural)
-maiseen (illative singular)
-maisiin (illative plural)
-maisella (adessive singular)
-maisilla (adessive plural)
-maiselta (ablative singular)
-maisilta (ablative plural)
-maiselle (allative singular)
-maisille (allative plural)
-maisena (essive singular)
-maisina (essive plural)
-maiseksi (singular translative)
-maisiksi (plural translative)
-maisetta (abessive singular)
-maisitta (abessive plural)
-maisin (instructive plural)
-maisine (comitative plural)
-maiseni (nominative singular)
-maiseni (nominative plural)
-maiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-maiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-maiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-maiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-maiseni (genitive singular)
-maisteni (genitive plural)
-maisieni (genitive plural)
-maistani (partitive singular)
-maisiani (partitive plural)
-maisessani (inessive singular)
-maisissani (inessive plural)
-maisestani (elative singular)
-maisistani (elative plural)
-maiseeni (illative singular)
-maisiini (illative plural)
-maisellani (adessive singular)
-maisillani (adessive plural)
-maiseltani (ablative singular)
-maisiltani (ablative plural)
-maiselleni (allative singular)
-maisilleni (allative plural)
-maisenani (essive singular)
-maisinani (essive plural)
-maisekseni (singular translative)
-maisikseni (plural translative)
-maisettani (abessive singular)
-maisittani (abessive plural)
-maisineni (comitative plural)
-maisesi (nominative singular)
-maisesi (nominative plural)
-maisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-maisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-maisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-maisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-maisesi (genitive singular)
-maistesi (genitive plural)
-maisiesi (genitive plural)
-maistasi (partitive singular)
-maisiasi (partitive plural)
-maisessasi (inessive singular)
-maisissasi (inessive plural)
-maisestasi (elative singular)
-maisistasi (elative plural)
-maiseesi (illative singular)
-maisiisi (illative plural)
-maisellasi (adessive singular)
-maisillasi (adessive plural)
-maiseltasi (ablative singular)
-maisiltasi (ablative plural)
-maisellesi (allative singular)
-maisillesi (allative plural)
-maisenasi (essive singular)
-maisinasi (essive plural)
-maiseksesi (singular translative)
-maisiksesi (plural translative)
-maisettasi (abessive singular)
-maisittasi (abessive plural)
-maisinesi (comitative plural)
-maisemme (nominative singular)
-maisemme (nominative plural)
-maisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-maisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-maisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-maisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-maisemme (genitive singular)
-maistemme (genitive plural)
-maisiemme (genitive plural)
-maistamme (partitive singular)
-maisiamme (partitive plural)
-maisessamme (inessive singular)
-maisissamme (inessive plural)
-maisestamme (elative singular)
-maisistamme (elative plural)
-maiseemme (illative singular)
-maisiimme (illative plural)
-maisellamme (adessive singular)
-maisillamme (adessive plural)
-maiseltamme (ablative singular)
-maisiltamme (ablative plural)
-maisellemme (allative singular)
-maisillemme (allative plural)
-maisenamme (essive singular)
-maisinamme (essive plural)
-maiseksemme (singular translative)
-maisiksemme (plural translative)
-maisettamme (abessive singular)
-maisittamme (abessive plural)
-maisinemme (comitative plural)
-maisenne (nominative singular)
-maisenne (nominative plural)
-maisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-maisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-maisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-maisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-maisenne (genitive singular)
-maistenne (genitive plural)
-maisienne (genitive plural)
-maistanne (partitive singular)
-maisianne (partitive plural)
-maisessanne (inessive singular)
-maisissanne (inessive plural)
-maisestanne (elative singular)
-maisistanne (elative plural)
-maiseenne (illative singular)
-maisiinne (illative plural)
-maisellanne (adessive singular)
-maisillanne (adessive plural)
-maiseltanne (ablative singular)
-maisiltanne (ablative plural)
-maisellenne (allative singular)
-maisillenne (allative plural)
-maisenanne (essive singular)
-maisinanne (essive plural)
-maiseksenne (singular translative)
-maisiksenne (plural translative)
-maisettanne (abessive singular)
-maisittanne (abessive plural)
-maisinenne (comitative plural)
-maisensa (nominative singular)
-maisensa (nominative plural)
-maisensa (accusative nominative singular)
-maisensa (accusative nominative plural)
-maisensa (accusative genitive singular)
-maisensa (accusative genitive plural)
-maisensa (genitive singular)
-maistensa (genitive plural)
-maisiensa (genitive plural)
-maistaan (partitive singular)
-maistansa (partitive singular)
-maisiaan (partitive plural)
-maisiansa (partitive plural)
-maisessaan (inessive singular)
-maisessansa (inessive singular)
-maisissaan (inessive plural)
-maisissansa (inessive plural)
-maisestaan (elative singular)
-maisestansa (elative singular)
-maisistaan (elative plural)
-maisistansa (elative plural)
-maiseensa (illative singular)
-maisiinsa (illative plural)
-maisellaan (adessive singular)
-maisellansa (adessive singular)
-maisillaan (adessive plural)
-maisillansa (adessive plural)
-maiseltaan (ablative singular)
-maiseltansa (ablative singular)
-maisiltaan (ablative plural)
-maisiltansa (ablative plural)
-maiselleen (allative singular)
-maisellensa (allative singular)
-maisilleen (allative plural)
-maisillensa (allative plural)
-maisenaan (essive singular)
-maisenansa (essive singular)
-maisinaan (essive plural)
-maisinansa (essive plural)
-maisekseen (singular translative)
-maiseksensa (singular translative)
-maisikseen (plural translative)
-maisiksensa (plural translative)
-maisettaan (abessive singular)
-maisettansa (abessive singular)
-maisittaan (abessive plural)
-maisittansa (abessive plural)
-maisineen (comitative plural)
-maisinensa (comitative plural)

maa + -inen. Compare the dialectal expression olla jotakin maata (“to be the kind (that), to opine (that)”).

kaasu (“gas”) + -mainen → kaasumainen (“gaseous”)

neste (“liquid”) + -mainen → nestemäinen (“liquid”)

kiila (“wedge”) + -mainen → kiilamainen (“wedgelike, cuneiform”)

kello (“bell”) + -mainen → kellomainen (“bell-shaped”)

nainen (“woman”) + -mainen → naismainen (“effeminate”)

herrasmies (“gentleman”) + -mainen → herrasmiesmäinen (“gentlemanly”)

nauris (“turnip”) + -mainen → naurismainen (“napiform”)

Forms adjectives from nouns, signifying resemblance; -like, -shaped, -ish, -ly, -y, -ous


-itse

From Proto-Finnic *-ic'ëC, consisting of the suffix *-icci plus an additional consonant. The additional consonant is only found in Finnish; the other Finnic languages have forms deriving from the vowel-final form. Cognate with Estonian -itsi, Karelian -ičči, Veps -iči.

meri (“sea”) + -itse → meritse (“by sea”)

sähköposti (“email”) + -itse → sähköpostitse (“by email”)

by, through; the suffix of the prolative, determines the channel by which something takes place.


-tella

-tella (front vowel harmony variant -tellä, stem -ttele-, linguistic notation -ttele- or -tellA)

-tellä (front-vowel)
-ttele- (stem)
-ttelen (first-person indicative positive present singular)
en -ttele (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen -tellut (first-person indicative perfect positive singular)
en ole -tellut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
-ttelet (indicative positive present second-person singular)
et -ttele (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet -tellut (indicative perfect positive second-person singular)
et ole -tellut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
-ttelee (indicative positive present singular third-person)
ei -ttele (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on -tellut (indicative perfect positive singular third-person)
ei ole -tellut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
-ttelemme (first-person indicative plural positive present)
emme -ttele (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme -telleet (first-person indicative perfect plural positive)
emme ole -telleet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
-ttelette (indicative plural positive present second-person)
ette -ttele (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette -telleet (indicative perfect plural positive second-person)
ette ole -telleet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
-ttelevat (indicative plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ttele (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat -telleet (indicative perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät ole -telleet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
-tellaan (indicative passive positive present)
ei -tella (indicative negative passive present)
on -teltu (indicative passive perfect positive)
ei ole -teltu (indicative negative passive perfect)
-ttelin (first-person indicative past positive singular)
en -tellut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin -tellut (first-person indicative pluperfect positive singular)
en ollut -tellut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
-ttelit (indicative past positive second-person singular)
et -tellut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit -tellut (indicative pluperfect positive second-person singular)
et ollut -tellut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
-tteli (indicative past positive singular third-person)
ei -tellut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli -tellut (indicative pluperfect positive singular third-person)
ei ollut -tellut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
-ttelimme (first-person indicative past plural positive)
emme -telleet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme -telleet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural positive)
emme olleet -telleet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
-ttelitte (indicative past plural positive second-person)
ette -telleet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte -telleet (indicative pluperfect plural positive second-person)
ette olleet -telleet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
-ttelivat (indicative past plural positive third-person)
eivät -telleet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat -telleet (indicative pluperfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olleet -telleet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
-teltiin (indicative passive past positive)
ei -teltu (indicative negative passive past)
oli -teltu (indicative passive pluperfect positive)
ei ollut -teltu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
-ttelisin (conditional first-person positive present singular)
en -ttelisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin -tellut (conditional first-person perfect positive singular)
en olisi -tellut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
-ttelisit (conditional positive present second-person singular)
et -ttelisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit -tellut (conditional perfect positive second-person singular)
et olisi -tellut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
-ttelisi (conditional positive present singular third-person)
ei -ttelisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi -tellut (conditional perfect positive singular third-person)
ei olisi -tellut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
-ttelisimme (conditional first-person plural positive present)
emme -ttelisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme -telleet (conditional first-person perfect plural positive)
emme olisi -telleet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
-ttelisitte (conditional plural positive present second-person)
ette -ttelisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte -telleet (conditional perfect plural positive second-person)
ette olisi -telleet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
-ttelisivat (conditional plural positive present third-person)
eivät -ttelisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat -telleet (conditional perfect plural positive third-person)
eivät olisi -telleet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
-teltaisiin (conditional passive positive present)
ei -teltaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi -teltu (conditional passive perfect positive)
ei olisi -teltu (conditional negative passive perfect)
-ttele (imperative positive present second-person singular)
älä -ttele (imperative negative present second-person singular)
-telkoon (imperative positive present singular third-person)
älköön -telko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon -tellut (imperative perfect positive singular third-person)
älköön olko -tellut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
-telkaamme (first-person imperative plural positive present)
älkäämme -telko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
-telkaa (imperative plural positive present second-person)
älkää -telko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
-telkoot (imperative plural positive present third-person)
älkööt -telko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot -telleet (imperative perfect plural positive third-person)
älkööt olko -telleet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
-teltakoon (imperative passive positive present)
älköön -teltako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon -teltu (imperative passive perfect positive)
älköön olko -teltu (imperative negative passive perfect)
-tellen (first-person positive potential present singular)
en -telle (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen -tellut (first-person perfect positive potential singular)
en liene -tellut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
-tellet (positive potential present second-person singular)
et -telle (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet -tellut (perfect positive potential second-person singular)
et liene -tellut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
-tellee (positive potential present singular third-person)
ei -telle (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee -tellut (perfect positive potential singular third-person)
ei liene -tellut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
-tellemme (first-person plural positive potential present)
emme -telle (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme -telleet (first-person perfect plural positive potential)
emme liene -telleet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
-tellette (plural positive potential present second-person)
ette -telle (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette -telleet (perfect plural positive potential second-person)
ette liene -telleet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
-tellevat (plural positive potential present third-person)
eivät -telle (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät -telleet (perfect plural positive potential third-person)
eivät liene -telleet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
-teltaneen (passive positive potential present)
ei -teltane (negative passive potential present)
lienee -teltu (passive perfect positive potential)
ei liene -teltu (negative passive perfect potential)
-tella (infinitive infinitive-i)
-tteleva (active participle present)
-teltava (participle passive present)
-tellakseni (first-person possessive singular)
-tellaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
-tellaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
-tellaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
-tellakseen (possessive third-person)
-tellaksensa (possessive third-person)
-tellut (infinitive-i-long past)
-teltu (infinitive-i-long past)
-tellessa (inessive second-person)
-teltaessa (inessive second-person)
-ttelema (agent)
-tellessani (first-person possessive singular)
-tellessamme (first-person plural possessive)
-tellessasi (possessive second-person singular)
-tellessanne (plural possessive second-person)
-tellessaan (possessive third-person)
-tellessansa (possessive third-person)
-ttelematon (inessive negative second-person)
-tellen (instructive second-person)
-ttelemassa (inessive third-person)
-ttelemasta (elative third-person)
-ttelemaan (illative third-person)
-ttelemalla (adessive third-person)
-ttelematta (abessive third-person)
-tteleman (instructive third-person)
-teltaman (instructive third-person)
-tteleminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
-ttelemaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
-ttelemaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
-ttelemaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
-ttelemaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
-ttelemaisillaan (possessive third-person)
-ttelemaisillansa (possessive third-person)

-ttaa + -ella; the first suffix was adapted by analogy from the causative meaning, taking to "to refer to as" as well as probably later "to act like", while the -ella is a frequentative suffix. The analogy may have also taken place only after the use of -tella in its literal (causative-frequentative) sense for some verbs.

neiti (“miss”) + -tella → neiditellä (“to call someone "miss"”)

Forms verbs for calling someone by a name or a label.

hurskas (“pious”) + -tella → hurskastella (“to be hypocritical”)

Forms verbs that describe act of pretending to be something.


-lla

-lla (front vowel harmony variant -llä, linguistic notation -llA)

From Proto-Finnic *-lla, from earlier *-l-na, composed of an element *-l(l)- (external locative infix; see -lle) and the essive/locative suffix *-na. Compare Moksha -ла (-la) in фтала (ftala, “behind”).


-va

-va (front vowel harmony variant -vä, linguistic notation -vA)

-vä (front-vowel)
-va (nominative singular)
-vat (nominative plural)
-va (accusative nominative singular)
-vat (accusative nominative plural)
-van (accusative genitive singular)
-vat (accusative genitive plural)
-van (genitive singular)
-vien (genitive plural)
-vain (genitive plural rare)
-vaa (partitive singular)
-via (partitive plural)
-vassa (inessive singular)
-vissa (inessive plural)
-vasta (elative singular)
-vista (elative plural)
-vaan (illative singular)
-viin (illative plural)
-valla (adessive singular)
-villa (adessive plural)
-valta (ablative singular)
-vilta (ablative plural)
-valle (allative singular)
-ville (allative plural)
-vana (essive singular)
-vina (essive plural)
-vaksi (singular translative)
-viksi (plural translative)
-vatta (abessive singular)
-vitta (abessive plural)
-vin (instructive plural)
-vine (comitative plural)
-vani (nominative singular)
-vani (nominative plural)
-vani (accusative nominative singular)
-vani (accusative nominative plural)
-vani (accusative genitive singular)
-vani (accusative genitive plural)
-vani (genitive singular)
-vieni (genitive plural)
-vaini (genitive plural rare)
-vaani (partitive singular)
-viani (partitive plural)
-vassani (inessive singular)
-vissani (inessive plural)
-vastani (elative singular)
-vistani (elative plural)
-vaani (illative singular)
-viini (illative plural)
-vallani (adessive singular)
-villani (adessive plural)
-valtani (ablative singular)
-viltani (ablative plural)
-valleni (allative singular)
-villeni (allative plural)
-vanani (essive singular)
-vinani (essive plural)
-vakseni (singular translative)
-vikseni (plural translative)
-vattani (abessive singular)
-vittani (abessive plural)
-vineni (comitative plural)
-vasi (nominative singular)
-vasi (nominative plural)
-vasi (accusative nominative singular)
-vasi (accusative nominative plural)
-vasi (accusative genitive singular)
-vasi (accusative genitive plural)
-vasi (genitive singular)
-viesi (genitive plural)
-vaisi (genitive plural rare)
-vaasi (partitive singular)
-viasi (partitive plural)
-vassasi (inessive singular)
-vissasi (inessive plural)
-vastasi (elative singular)
-vistasi (elative plural)
-vaasi (illative singular)
-viisi (illative plural)
-vallasi (adessive singular)
-villasi (adessive plural)
-valtasi (ablative singular)
-viltasi (ablative plural)
-vallesi (allative singular)
-villesi (allative plural)
-vanasi (essive singular)
-vinasi (essive plural)
-vaksesi (singular translative)
-viksesi (plural translative)
-vattasi (abessive singular)
-vittasi (abessive plural)
-vinesi (comitative plural)
-vamme (nominative singular)
-vamme (nominative plural)
-vamme (accusative nominative singular)
-vamme (accusative nominative plural)
-vamme (accusative genitive singular)
-vamme (accusative genitive plural)
-vamme (genitive singular)
-viemme (genitive plural)
-vaimme (genitive plural rare)
-vaamme (partitive singular)
-viamme (partitive plural)
-vassamme (inessive singular)
-vissamme (inessive plural)
-vastamme (elative singular)
-vistamme (elative plural)
-vaamme (illative singular)
-viimme (illative plural)
-vallamme (adessive singular)
-villamme (adessive plural)
-valtamme (ablative singular)
-viltamme (ablative plural)
-vallemme (allative singular)
-villemme (allative plural)
-vanamme (essive singular)
-vinamme (essive plural)
-vaksemme (singular translative)
-viksemme (plural translative)
-vattamme (abessive singular)
-vittamme (abessive plural)
-vinemme (comitative plural)
-vanne (nominative singular)
-vanne (nominative plural)
-vanne (accusative nominative singular)
-vanne (accusative nominative plural)
-vanne (accusative genitive singular)
-vanne (accusative genitive plural)
-vanne (genitive singular)
-vienne (genitive plural)
-vainne (genitive plural rare)
-vaanne (partitive singular)
-vianne (partitive plural)
-vassanne (inessive singular)
-vissanne (inessive plural)
-vastanne (elative singular)
-vistanne (elative plural)
-vaanne (illative singular)
-viinne (illative plural)
-vallanne (adessive singular)
-villanne (adessive plural)
-valtanne (ablative singular)
-viltanne (ablative plural)
-vallenne (allative singular)
-villenne (allative plural)
-vananne (essive singular)
-vinanne (essive plural)
-vaksenne (singular translative)
-viksenne (plural translative)
-vattanne (abessive singular)
-vittanne (abessive plural)
-vinenne (comitative plural)
-vansa (nominative singular)
-vansa (nominative plural)
-vansa (accusative nominative singular)
-vansa (accusative nominative plural)
-vansa (accusative genitive singular)
-vansa (accusative genitive plural)
-vansa (genitive singular)
-viensa (genitive plural)
-vainsa (genitive plural rare)
-vaansa (partitive singular)
-viaan (partitive plural)
-viansa (partitive plural)
-vassaan (inessive singular)
-vassansa (inessive singular)
-vissaan (inessive plural)
-vissansa (inessive plural)
-vastaan (elative singular)
-vastansa (elative singular)
-vistaan (elative plural)
-vistansa (elative plural)
-vaansa (illative singular)
-viinsa (illative plural)
-vallaan (adessive singular)
-vallansa (adessive singular)
-villaan (adessive plural)
-villansa (adessive plural)
-valtaan (ablative singular)
-valtansa (ablative singular)
-viltaan (ablative plural)
-viltansa (ablative plural)
-valleen (allative singular)
-vallensa (allative singular)
-villeen (allative plural)
-villensa (allative plural)
-vanaan (essive singular)
-vanansa (essive singular)
-vinaan (essive plural)
-vinansa (essive plural)
-vakseen (singular translative)
-vaksensa (singular translative)
-vikseen (plural translative)
-viksensa (plural translative)
-vattaan (abessive singular)
-vattansa (abessive singular)
-vittaan (abessive plural)
-vittansa (abessive plural)
-vineen (comitative plural)
-vinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-pa, from Proto-Uralic *-pa. In the participial sense, the Finnish form descends from the weak-grade variant *-ba, which was eventually extended by analogy to all verbs. The original strong grade remains as -pa in a few words (e.g. syöpä, käypä, kaikkivoipa), but these have lost their verbal meaning. The adjective ending has also been generalized to its weak form (*-ba) through similar developments.

kirjoittaa (“to write”) + -va → kirjoittava (“writing, that writes”)

punertaa (“to redden”) + -va → punertava (“reddish”)

Forms the present active participle of a verb, which is normally used like an adjective. The English equivalent is normally -ing, but sometimes also -ish.

liha (“flesh, meat”) + -va → lihava (“fat”)

käsi (“hand”) + -va → kätevä (“handy”)

tila (“space”) + -va → tilava (“spacious”)

terä (“cutting edge”) + -va → terävä (“sharp”)

rinta (“breast”) + -va → rintava (“buxom”)


-mäinen

-mäinen (nominative singular)
-mäiset (nominative plural)
-mäinen (accusative nominative singular)
-mäiset (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisen (accusative genitive singular)
-mäiset (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisen (genitive singular)
-mäisten (genitive plural)
-mäisien (genitive plural)
-mäistä (partitive singular)
-mäisiä (partitive plural)
-mäisessä (inessive singular)
-mäisissä (inessive plural)
-mäisestä (elative singular)
-mäisistä (elative plural)
-mäiseen (illative singular)
-mäisiin (illative plural)
-mäisellä (adessive singular)
-mäisillä (adessive plural)
-mäiseltä (ablative singular)
-mäisiltä (ablative plural)
-mäiselle (allative singular)
-mäisille (allative plural)
-mäisenä (essive singular)
-mäisinä (essive plural)
-mäiseksi (singular translative)
-mäisiksi (plural translative)
-mäisettä (abessive singular)
-mäisittä (abessive plural)
-mäisin (instructive plural)
-mäisine (comitative plural)
-mäiseni (nominative singular)
-mäiseni (nominative plural)
-mäiseni (accusative nominative singular)
-mäiseni (accusative nominative plural)
-mäiseni (accusative genitive singular)
-mäiseni (accusative genitive plural)
-mäiseni (genitive singular)
-mäisteni (genitive plural)
-mäisieni (genitive plural)
-mäistäni (partitive singular)
-mäisiäni (partitive plural)
-mäisessäni (inessive singular)
-mäisissäni (inessive plural)
-mäisestäni (elative singular)
-mäisistäni (elative plural)
-mäiseeni (illative singular)
-mäisiini (illative plural)
-mäiselläni (adessive singular)
-mäisilläni (adessive plural)
-mäiseltäni (ablative singular)
-mäisiltäni (ablative plural)
-mäiselleni (allative singular)
-mäisilleni (allative plural)
-mäisenäni (essive singular)
-mäisinäni (essive plural)
-mäisekseni (singular translative)
-mäisikseni (plural translative)
-mäisettäni (abessive singular)
-mäisittäni (abessive plural)
-mäisineni (comitative plural)
-mäisesi (nominative singular)
-mäisesi (nominative plural)
-mäisesi (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisesi (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisesi (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisesi (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisesi (genitive singular)
-mäistesi (genitive plural)
-mäisiesi (genitive plural)
-mäistäsi (partitive singular)
-mäisiäsi (partitive plural)
-mäisessäsi (inessive singular)
-mäisissäsi (inessive plural)
-mäisestäsi (elative singular)
-mäisistäsi (elative plural)
-mäiseesi (illative singular)
-mäisiisi (illative plural)
-mäiselläsi (adessive singular)
-mäisilläsi (adessive plural)
-mäiseltäsi (ablative singular)
-mäisiltäsi (ablative plural)
-mäisellesi (allative singular)
-mäisillesi (allative plural)
-mäisenäsi (essive singular)
-mäisinäsi (essive plural)
-mäiseksesi (singular translative)
-mäisiksesi (plural translative)
-mäisettäsi (abessive singular)
-mäisittäsi (abessive plural)
-mäisinesi (comitative plural)
-mäisemme (nominative singular)
-mäisemme (nominative plural)
-mäisemme (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisemme (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisemme (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisemme (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisemme (genitive singular)
-mäistemme (genitive plural)
-mäisiemme (genitive plural)
-mäistämme (partitive singular)
-mäisiämme (partitive plural)
-mäisessämme (inessive singular)
-mäisissämme (inessive plural)
-mäisestämme (elative singular)
-mäisistämme (elative plural)
-mäiseemme (illative singular)
-mäisiimme (illative plural)
-mäisellämme (adessive singular)
-mäisillämme (adessive plural)
-mäiseltämme (ablative singular)
-mäisiltämme (ablative plural)
-mäisellemme (allative singular)
-mäisillemme (allative plural)
-mäisenämme (essive singular)
-mäisinämme (essive plural)
-mäiseksemme (singular translative)
-mäisiksemme (plural translative)
-mäisettämme (abessive singular)
-mäisittämme (abessive plural)
-mäisinemme (comitative plural)
-mäisenne (nominative singular)
-mäisenne (nominative plural)
-mäisenne (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisenne (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisenne (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisenne (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisenne (genitive singular)
-mäistenne (genitive plural)
-mäisienne (genitive plural)
-mäistänne (partitive singular)
-mäisiänne (partitive plural)
-mäisessänne (inessive singular)
-mäisissänne (inessive plural)
-mäisestänne (elative singular)
-mäisistänne (elative plural)
-mäiseenne (illative singular)
-mäisiinne (illative plural)
-mäisellänne (adessive singular)
-mäisillänne (adessive plural)
-mäiseltänne (ablative singular)
-mäisiltänne (ablative plural)
-mäisellenne (allative singular)
-mäisillenne (allative plural)
-mäisenänne (essive singular)
-mäisinänne (essive plural)
-mäiseksenne (singular translative)
-mäisiksenne (plural translative)
-mäisettänne (abessive singular)
-mäisittänne (abessive plural)
-mäisinenne (comitative plural)
-mäisensä (nominative singular)
-mäisensä (nominative plural)
-mäisensä (accusative nominative singular)
-mäisensä (accusative nominative plural)
-mäisensä (accusative genitive singular)
-mäisensä (accusative genitive plural)
-mäisensä (genitive singular)
-mäistensä (genitive plural)
-mäisiensä (genitive plural)
-mäistään (partitive singular)
-mäistänsä (partitive singular)
-mäisiään (partitive plural)
-mäisiänsä (partitive plural)
-mäisessään (inessive singular)
-mäisessänsä (inessive singular)
-mäisissään (inessive plural)
-mäisissänsä (inessive plural)
-mäisestään (elative singular)
-mäisestänsä (elative singular)
-mäisistään (elative plural)
-mäisistänsä (elative plural)
-mäiseensä (illative singular)
-mäisiinsä (illative plural)
-mäisellään (adessive singular)
-mäisellänsä (adessive singular)
-mäisillään (adessive plural)
-mäisillänsä (adessive plural)
-mäiseltään (ablative singular)
-mäiseltänsä (ablative singular)
-mäisiltään (ablative plural)
-mäisiltänsä (ablative plural)
-mäiselleen (allative singular)
-mäisellensä (allative singular)
-mäisilleen (allative plural)
-mäisillensä (allative plural)
-mäisenään (essive singular)
-mäisenänsä (essive singular)
-mäisinään (essive plural)
-mäisinänsä (essive plural)
-mäisekseen (singular translative)
-mäiseksensä (singular translative)
-mäisikseen (plural translative)
-mäisiksensä (plural translative)
-mäisettään (abessive singular)
-mäisettänsä (abessive singular)
-mäisittään (abessive plural)
-mäisittänsä (abessive plural)
-mäisineen (comitative plural)
-mäisinensä (comitative plural)


-kas

-kas (front vowel harmony variant -käs, linguistic notation -kAs)

-käs (front-vowel)
-kas (nominative singular)
-kkaat (nominative plural)
-kas (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaat (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaan (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaat (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaan (genitive singular)
-kkaiden (genitive plural)
-kkaitten (genitive plural)
-kasten (genitive plural rare)
-kasta (partitive singular)
-kkaita (partitive plural)
-kkaassa (inessive singular)
-kkaissa (inessive plural)
-kkaasta (elative singular)
-kkaista (elative plural)
-kkaaseen (illative singular)
-kkaisiin (illative plural)
-kkaihin (illative plural rare)
-kkaalla (adessive singular)
-kkailla (adessive plural)
-kkaalta (ablative singular)
-kkailta (ablative plural)
-kkaalle (allative singular)
-kkaille (allative plural)
-kkaana (essive singular)
-kkaina (essive plural)
-kkaaksi (singular translative)
-kkaiksi (plural translative)
-kkaatta (abessive singular)
-kkaitta (abessive plural)
-kkain (instructive plural)
-kkaine (comitative plural)
-kkaani (nominative singular)
-kkaani (nominative plural)
-kkaani (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaani (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaani (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaani (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaani (genitive singular)
-kkaideni (genitive plural)
-kkaitteni (genitive plural)
-kasteni (genitive plural rare)
-kastani (partitive singular)
-kkaitani (partitive plural)
-kkaassani (inessive singular)
-kkaissani (inessive plural)
-kkaastani (elative singular)
-kkaistani (elative plural)
-kkaaseeni (illative singular)
-kkaisiini (illative plural)
-kkaihini (illative plural rare)
-kkaallani (adessive singular)
-kkaillani (adessive plural)
-kkaaltani (ablative singular)
-kkailtani (ablative plural)
-kkaalleni (allative singular)
-kkailleni (allative plural)
-kkaanani (essive singular)
-kkainani (essive plural)
-kkaakseni (singular translative)
-kkaikseni (plural translative)
-kkaattani (abessive singular)
-kkaittani (abessive plural)
-kkaineni (comitative plural)
-kkaasi (nominative singular)
-kkaasi (nominative plural)
-kkaasi (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaasi (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaasi (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaasi (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaasi (genitive singular)
-kkaidesi (genitive plural)
-kkaittesi (genitive plural)
-kastesi (genitive plural rare)
-kastasi (partitive singular)
-kkaitasi (partitive plural)
-kkaassasi (inessive singular)
-kkaissasi (inessive plural)
-kkaastasi (elative singular)
-kkaistasi (elative plural)
-kkaaseesi (illative singular)
-kkaisiisi (illative plural)
-kkaihisi (illative plural rare)
-kkaallasi (adessive singular)
-kkaillasi (adessive plural)
-kkaaltasi (ablative singular)
-kkailtasi (ablative plural)
-kkaallesi (allative singular)
-kkaillesi (allative plural)
-kkaanasi (essive singular)
-kkainasi (essive plural)
-kkaaksesi (singular translative)
-kkaiksesi (plural translative)
-kkaattasi (abessive singular)
-kkaittasi (abessive plural)
-kkainesi (comitative plural)
-kkaamme (nominative singular)
-kkaamme (nominative plural)
-kkaamme (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaamme (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaamme (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaamme (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaamme (genitive singular)
-kkaidemme (genitive plural)
-kkaittemme (genitive plural)
-kastemme (genitive plural rare)
-kastamme (partitive singular)
-kkaitamme (partitive plural)
-kkaassamme (inessive singular)
-kkaissamme (inessive plural)
-kkaastamme (elative singular)
-kkaistamme (elative plural)
-kkaaseemme (illative singular)
-kkaisiimme (illative plural)
-kkaihimme (illative plural rare)
-kkaallamme (adessive singular)
-kkaillamme (adessive plural)
-kkaaltamme (ablative singular)
-kkailtamme (ablative plural)
-kkaallemme (allative singular)
-kkaillemme (allative plural)
-kkaanamme (essive singular)
-kkainamme (essive plural)
-kkaaksemme (singular translative)
-kkaiksemme (plural translative)
-kkaattamme (abessive singular)
-kkaittamme (abessive plural)
-kkainemme (comitative plural)
-kkaanne (nominative singular)
-kkaanne (nominative plural)
-kkaanne (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaanne (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaanne (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaanne (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaanne (genitive singular)
-kkaidenne (genitive plural)
-kkaittenne (genitive plural)
-kastenne (genitive plural rare)
-kastanne (partitive singular)
-kkaitanne (partitive plural)
-kkaassanne (inessive singular)
-kkaissanne (inessive plural)
-kkaastanne (elative singular)
-kkaistanne (elative plural)
-kkaaseenne (illative singular)
-kkaisiinne (illative plural)
-kkaihinne (illative plural rare)
-kkaallanne (adessive singular)
-kkaillanne (adessive plural)
-kkaaltanne (ablative singular)
-kkailtanne (ablative plural)
-kkaallenne (allative singular)
-kkaillenne (allative plural)
-kkaananne (essive singular)
-kkainanne (essive plural)
-kkaaksenne (singular translative)
-kkaiksenne (plural translative)
-kkaattanne (abessive singular)
-kkaittanne (abessive plural)
-kkainenne (comitative plural)
-kkaansa (nominative singular)
-kkaansa (nominative plural)
-kkaansa (accusative nominative singular)
-kkaansa (accusative nominative plural)
-kkaansa (accusative genitive singular)
-kkaansa (accusative genitive plural)
-kkaansa (genitive singular)
-kkaidensa (genitive plural)
-kkaittensa (genitive plural)
-kastensa (genitive plural rare)
-kastaan (partitive singular)
-kastansa (partitive singular)
-kkaitaan (partitive plural)
-kkaitansa (partitive plural)
-kkaassaan (inessive singular)
-kkaassansa (inessive singular)
-kkaissaan (inessive plural)
-kkaissansa (inessive plural)
-kkaastaan (elative singular)
-kkaastansa (elative singular)
-kkaistaan (elative plural)
-kkaistansa (elative plural)
-kkaaseensa (illative singular)
-kkaisiinsa (illative plural)
-kkaihinsa (illative plural rare)
-kkaallaan (adessive singular)
-kkaallansa (adessive singular)
-kkaillaan (adessive plural)
-kkaillansa (adessive plural)
-kkaaltaan (ablative singular)
-kkaaltansa (ablative singular)
-kkailtaan (ablative plural)
-kkailtansa (ablative plural)
-kkaalleen (allative singular)
-kkaallensa (allative singular)
-kkailleen (allative plural)
-kkaillensa (allative plural)
-kkaanaan (essive singular)
-kkaanansa (essive singular)
-kkainaan (essive plural)
-kkainansa (essive plural)
-kkaakseen (singular translative)
-kkaaksensa (singular translative)
-kkaikseen (plural translative)
-kkaiksensa (plural translative)
-kkaattaan (abessive singular)
-kkaattansa (abessive singular)
-kkaittaan (abessive plural)
-kkaittansa (abessive plural)
-kkaineen (comitative plural)
-kkainensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Equivalent to -kka + -as.

kukka (“flower”) + -kas → kukikas (“flower-patterned”)

raha (“money”) + -kas → rahakas (“lucrative”)

taito (“skill”) + -kas → taidokas (“skilful”)

voima (“power”) + -kas → voimakas (“powerful”)

ääni (“noise”) + -kas → äänekäs (“noisy”)

harteet (“shoulders”) + -kas → harteikas (“broad-shouldered”)

nenä (“nose”) + -kas → nenäkäs (“saucy”)

-y, -ful; a suffix that can be used to turn many, but not all, nouns into adjectives that indicate abundant presence of the thing expressed by the noun.

asia (“errand, matter”) + -kas → asiakas (“customer”)

ora (“thorn”) + -kas → orakas (“hydnoid mushroom”)

Forms nouns chacterized by an abundance of the base word.

kuiva (“dry”) + -kas → kuivakas (“dryish”)

-ish; a suffix that forms moderative adjectives; rare in standard Finnish.

juuri (“root”) + -kas → juurikas (“root vegetable”)

pudota (“to fall”) + -kas → pudokas (“fallen object”)

Forms nouns indicating a concept associated with the base word from nouns or verbs.


-uus

-uus (front vowel harmony variant -yys, linguistic notation -UUs)

-yys (front-vowel)
-uus (nominative singular)
-uudet (nominative plural)
-uus (accusative nominative singular)
-uudet (accusative nominative plural)
-uuden (accusative genitive singular)
-uudet (accusative genitive plural)
-uuden (genitive singular)
-uuksien (genitive plural)
-uutta (partitive singular)
-uuksia (partitive plural)
-uudessa (inessive singular)
-uuksissa (inessive plural)
-uudesta (elative singular)
-uuksista (elative plural)
-uuteen (illative singular)
-uuksiin (illative plural)
-uudella (adessive singular)
-uuksilla (adessive plural)
-uudelta (ablative singular)
-uuksilta (ablative plural)
-uudelle (allative singular)
-uuksille (allative plural)
-uutena (essive singular)
-uuksina (essive plural)
-uudeksi (singular translative)
-uuksiksi (plural translative)
-uudetta (abessive singular)
-uuksitta (abessive plural)
-uuksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
-uuteni (nominative singular)
-uuteni (nominative plural)
-uuteni (accusative nominative singular)
-uuteni (accusative nominative plural)
-uuteni (accusative genitive singular)
-uuteni (accusative genitive plural)
-uuteni (genitive singular)
-uuksieni (genitive plural)
-uuttani (partitive singular)
-uuksiani (partitive plural)
-uudessani (inessive singular)
-uuksissani (inessive plural)
-uudestani (elative singular)
-uuksistani (elative plural)
-uuteeni (illative singular)
-uuksiini (illative plural)
-uudellani (adessive singular)
-uuksillani (adessive plural)
-uudeltani (ablative singular)
-uuksiltani (ablative plural)
-uudelleni (allative singular)
-uuksilleni (allative plural)
-uutenani (essive singular)
-uuksinani (essive plural)
-uudekseni (singular translative)
-uuksikseni (plural translative)
-uudettani (abessive singular)
-uuksittani (abessive plural)
-uuksineni (comitative plural)
-uutesi (nominative singular)
-uutesi (nominative plural)
-uutesi (accusative nominative singular)
-uutesi (accusative nominative plural)
-uutesi (accusative genitive singular)
-uutesi (accusative genitive plural)
-uutesi (genitive singular)
-uuksiesi (genitive plural)
-uuttasi (partitive singular)
-uuksiasi (partitive plural)
-uudessasi (inessive singular)
-uuksissasi (inessive plural)
-uudestasi (elative singular)
-uuksistasi (elative plural)
-uuteesi (illative singular)
-uuksiisi (illative plural)
-uudellasi (adessive singular)
-uuksillasi (adessive plural)
-uudeltasi (ablative singular)
-uuksiltasi (ablative plural)
-uudellesi (allative singular)
-uuksillesi (allative plural)
-uutenasi (essive singular)
-uuksinasi (essive plural)
-uudeksesi (singular translative)
-uuksiksesi (plural translative)
-uudettasi (abessive singular)
-uuksittasi (abessive plural)
-uuksinesi (comitative plural)
-uutemme (nominative singular)
-uutemme (nominative plural)
-uutemme (accusative nominative singular)
-uutemme (accusative nominative plural)
-uutemme (accusative genitive singular)
-uutemme (accusative genitive plural)
-uutemme (genitive singular)
-uuksiemme (genitive plural)
-uuttamme (partitive singular)
-uuksiamme (partitive plural)
-uudessamme (inessive singular)
-uuksissamme (inessive plural)
-uudestamme (elative singular)
-uuksistamme (elative plural)
-uuteemme (illative singular)
-uuksiimme (illative plural)
-uudellamme (adessive singular)
-uuksillamme (adessive plural)
-uudeltamme (ablative singular)
-uuksiltamme (ablative plural)
-uudellemme (allative singular)
-uuksillemme (allative plural)
-uutenamme (essive singular)
-uuksinamme (essive plural)
-uudeksemme (singular translative)
-uuksiksemme (plural translative)
-uudettamme (abessive singular)
-uuksittamme (abessive plural)
-uuksinemme (comitative plural)
-uutenne (nominative singular)
-uutenne (nominative plural)
-uutenne (accusative nominative singular)
-uutenne (accusative nominative plural)
-uutenne (accusative genitive singular)
-uutenne (accusative genitive plural)
-uutenne (genitive singular)
-uuksienne (genitive plural)
-uuttanne (partitive singular)
-uuksianne (partitive plural)
-uudessanne (inessive singular)
-uuksissanne (inessive plural)
-uudestanne (elative singular)
-uuksistanne (elative plural)
-uuteenne (illative singular)
-uuksiinne (illative plural)
-uudellanne (adessive singular)
-uuksillanne (adessive plural)
-uudeltanne (ablative singular)
-uuksiltanne (ablative plural)
-uudellenne (allative singular)
-uuksillenne (allative plural)
-uutenanne (essive singular)
-uuksinanne (essive plural)
-uudeksenne (singular translative)
-uuksiksenne (plural translative)
-uudettanne (abessive singular)
-uuksittanne (abessive plural)
-uuksinenne (comitative plural)
-uutensa (nominative singular)
-uutensa (nominative plural)
-uutensa (accusative nominative singular)
-uutensa (accusative nominative plural)
-uutensa (accusative genitive singular)
-uutensa (accusative genitive plural)
-uutensa (genitive singular)
-uuksiensa (genitive plural)
-uuttaan (partitive singular)
-uuttansa (partitive singular)
-uuksiaan (partitive plural)
-uuksiansa (partitive plural)
-uudessaan (inessive singular)
-uudessansa (inessive singular)
-uuksissaan (inessive plural)
-uuksissansa (inessive plural)
-uudestaan (elative singular)
-uudestansa (elative singular)
-uuksistaan (elative plural)
-uuksistansa (elative plural)
-uuteensa (illative singular)
-uuksiinsa (illative plural)
-uudellaan (adessive singular)
-uudellansa (adessive singular)
-uuksillaan (adessive plural)
-uuksillansa (adessive plural)
-uudeltaan (ablative singular)
-uudeltansa (ablative singular)
-uuksiltaan (ablative plural)
-uuksiltansa (ablative plural)
-uudelleen (allative singular)
-uudellensa (allative singular)
-uuksilleen (allative plural)
-uuksillensa (allative plural)
-uutenaan (essive singular)
-uutenansa (essive singular)
-uuksinaan (essive plural)
-uuksinansa (essive plural)
-uudekseen (singular translative)
-uudeksensa (singular translative)
-uuksikseen (plural translative)
-uuksiksensa (plural translative)
-uudettaan (abessive singular)
-uudettansa (abessive singular)
-uuksittaan (abessive plural)
-uuksittansa (abessive plural)
-uuksineen (comitative plural)
-uuksinensa (comitative plural)
-us (alternative)

From Proto-Finnic *-uc. The declension has been massively reworked by analogy.
Details on declension
* The oblique plural forms originally declined like those of the käsi type, but were replaced by plurals in -ks- from the type 39 (vastaus) declension, formed on the analogy of the suffix -s.
** Words that had acquired a nominal sense early on have crossed over entirely to type 39 (vastaus): e.g. sisarus (“sibling”), originally a semantic extension from *sisarus > sisaruus (“siblinghood”); vanhus (“old person”), originally a semantic extension from *vanhus > vanhuus (“oldness”).
* The long vowel appearing after consonants originates from a contraction *-ude- > *-ue- > -uu- in the genitive singular and nominative plural of bisyllabic stems, in which the third-syllable unstressed e was assimilated. This was generalized to other case forms of such words as well.
* In trisyllabic stems such as korkea → korkeus, rakas → rakkaus, the suffix would in all inflected forms gain secondary stress, preventing the loss of *-d-. From here *-d- was then reintroduced in the gen. sg. and nom. pl. of bisyllabic stems.
* Root-final consonants in trisyllabic stems were by contrast often lost (e.g. *korkeduden > korkeuden, *rakkahuden > rakkauden), leading to the regular retention of short -u- especially after vowels.
** The rare exceptions to this such as sisar → sisaruus have however also acquired the long-vowel allomorph.

punainen (“red”) + -uus → punaisuus (“redness”)

nerokas (“ingenious”) + -uus → nerokkuus (“ingenuity”)

pyhä (“holy”) + -yys → pyhyys (“holiness”)

jyrkkä (“steep”) + -yys → jyrkkyys (“steepness”)

hauras (“brittle”) + -us → hauraus (“brittleness”)

kaunis (“beautiful”) + -us → kauneus (“beauty”)

komea (“handsome”) + -us → komeus (“handsomeness”)

leveä (“wide”) + -ys → leveys (“width”)

mestari (“champion”) + -uus → mestaruus (“championship”)

Forms nouns from adjectives or other nouns, expressing a quality of being that which is described: -ness, -hood, -ity, -th, -ship