peso

eo-head

peso (accusative singular peson, plural pesoj, accusative plural pesojn)

peson (accusative singular)
pesoj (plural)
pesojn (accusative plural)


vortaro

vortaro (accusative singular vortaron, plural vortaroj, accusative plural vortarojn)

vortaron (accusative singular)
vortaroj (plural)
vortarojn (accusative plural)

From vorto (“word”) + -ar- (“collection”).


absolute

En la frazoj «konfidu, sed vidu» aŭ «la edzino de Abram ne naskis al li», la verboj estas uzataj absolute.

In the sentences "trust, but see" or "Abram's wife did not give birth to him", the verbs are used absolutely.

(grammar) absolutely (in a manner that does not take an object)


nomo

nomo (accusative singular nomon, plural nomoj, accusative plural nomojn)

nomon (accusative singular)
nomoj (plural)
nomojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French nom, Italian nome, from Latin nōmen. Ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).

Mia nomo estas Aleksandro. Kio estas via nomo?

My name is Alexander. What is your name?

kaŝnomo

name used to hide one's identity, pseudonym


banko

banko (accusative singular bankon, plural bankoj, accusative plural bankojn)

bankon (accusative singular)
bankoj (plural)
bankojn (accusative plural)

From English bank, Italian banca, French banque, German Bank, Polish bank, Russian банк (bank), and Yiddish באַנק (bank), all ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“raised surface, slope, bench”). Doublet of benko.

der

bank (institution where money and valuables are held for safekeeping)


vorto

eo-head

vorto (accusative singular vorton, plural vortoj, accusative plural vortojn)

vorton (accusative singular)
vortoj (plural)
vortojn (accusative plural)

Por virta orelo ne danĝeras vorto malbela.

1910, L. L. Zamenhof, Proverbaro Esperanta:

To a virtuous ear, an ugly word holds no danger.


tempo

tempo (accusative singular tempon, plural tempoj, accusative plural tempojn)

tempon (accusative singular)
tempoj (plural)
tempojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Latin tempus. Compare Italian tempo, French temps, Spanish tiempo, Russian темп (tɛmp). Doublet of tempesto.

Per estonta tempo (os) oni esprimas tion, kio okazos.

1903, Paŭlo Fruictier, Esperanta sintakso, page 49:

One uses the future tense (os) to express what will happen.


abako

abako (accusative singular abakon, plural abakoj, accusative plural abakojn)

abakon (accusative singular)
abakoj (plural)
abakojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: abako

From English abacus, French abaque, German Abakus, Italian abaco, Polish abakus, Russian аба́к (abák), all from Latin abacus.

(architecture) abacus (uppermost portion of the capital of a column)


sango

From French sang and Italian sangue, from Latin sanguī̆s.

Ĝi estis terura vidaĵo; sango kovris la tutan muron.

It was a terrible sight; blood covered the entire wall.


acido

acido (accusative singular acidon, plural acidoj, accusative plural acidojn)

acidon (accusative singular)
acidoj (plural)
acidojn (accusative plural)

Proposed in the Unua Libro in 1887. Constructed from Latin acidus (“sour”) and its cognates in modern languages.


numeralo

numeralo (accusative singular numeralon, plural numeraloj, accusative plural numeralojn)

numeralon (accusative singular)
numeraloj (plural)
numeralojn (accusative plural)

(linguistics, grammar) numeral (word representing a number, ex. "one")


toro

toro (accusative singular toron, plural toroj, accusative plural torojn)

toron (accusative singular)
toroj (plural)
torojn (accusative plural)


acetileno

acetileno (accusative singular acetilenon, plural acetilenoj, accusative plural acetilenojn)

acetilenon (accusative singular)
acetilenoj (plural)
acetilenojn (accusative plural)


zoo

zoo (accusative singular zoon, plural zooj, accusative plural zoojn)

zoon (accusative singular)
zooj (plural)
zoojn (accusative plural)


feta

feta (accusative singular fetan, plural fetaj, accusative plural fetajn)

fetan (accusative singular)
fetaj (plural)
fetajn (accusative plural)


judo

judo (accusative singular judon, plural judoj, accusative plural judojn)

judon (accusative singular)
judoj (plural)
judojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Jude, Latin iudaeus.

Katolikoj, protestantoj, ortodoksuloj, judoj, islamanoj, budhanoj kaj aliaj estis membroj de tiu internacia aŭ supernacia societo.

1983, Claude Piron, chapter 21, in Gerda malaperis!, Brazil: Chapecó Fonto, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-11-07:

Catholics, Protestants, Orthodox, Jews, Muslims, Buddhists and others were members of this international or supernational society.


mano

mano (accusative singular manon, plural manoj, accusative plural manojn)

manon (accusative singular)
manoj (plural)
manojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Italian mano, French main and Latin manus.

Vi metu monon en la manojn de tia viro nur se vi deziras lin detrui, tio estas fakto.

1999, Trans. Edwin Grobe, Mark Twain: Tri Noveloj:

You put money in the hands of that type of man only if you want to destroy him, that is a fact.

almanigi

to put one’s hand on; to hand to someone


placebo

placebo (accusative singular placebon, plural placeboj, accusative plural placebojn)

placebon (accusative singular)
placeboj (plural)
placebojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin placēbō (“I will please”), the first-person singular future active indicative of placeō (“I please”).


puso

From Latin pūs. Compare French pus, Italian pus.


luna

luna (accusative singular lunan, plural lunaj, accusative plural lunajn)

lunan (accusative singular)
lunaj (plural)
lunajn (accusative plural)


lobo

lobo (accusative singular lobon, plural loboj, accusative plural lobojn)

lobon (accusative singular)
loboj (plural)
lobojn (accusative plural)

From Latin lobus, from Ancient Greek λοβός (lobós).


kaki

kaki (present kakas, past kakis, future kakos, conditional kakus, volitive kaku)

kakas (present)
kakis (past)
kakos (future)
kakus (conditional)
kaku (volitive)
kakas (present)
kakis (past)
kakos (future)
kakanta (active participle present singular)
kakantaj (active participle plural present)
kakinta (active participle past singular)
kakintaj (active participle past plural)
kakonta (active future participle singular)
kakontaj (active future participle plural)
kakantan (accusative active participle present singular)
kakantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
kakintan (accusative active participle past singular)
kakintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
kakontan (accusative active future participle singular)
kakontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
kakanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
kakantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
kakinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
kakintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
kakonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
kakontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
kakanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
kakantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
kakinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
kakintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
kakonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
kakontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
kakante (active adverbial participle present)
kakinte (active adverbial participle past)
kakonte (active adverbial future participle)
kaki (infinitive plural present)
kaku (imperative past plural)
kakus (conditional future plural)

From Latin cacō, Ancient Greek κᾰκκᾰ́ω (kăkkắō), Italian cacare, German kacken, English cack, Polish kakać, Russian какать (kakatʹ), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kakka-.


koti

koti (present kotas, past kotis, future kotos, conditional kotus, volitive kotu)

kotas (present)
kotis (past)
kotos (future)
kotus (conditional)
kotu (volitive)
kotas (present)
kotis (past)
kotos (future)
kotanta (active participle present singular)
kotantaj (active participle plural present)
kotinta (active participle past singular)
kotintaj (active participle past plural)
kotonta (active future participle singular)
kotontaj (active future participle plural)
kotantan (accusative active participle present singular)
kotantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
kotintan (accusative active participle past singular)
kotintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
kotontan (accusative active future participle singular)
kotontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
kotata (participle passive present singular)
kotataj (participle passive plural present)
kotita (participle passive past singular)
kotitaj (participle passive past plural)
kotota (future participle passive singular)
kototaj (future participle passive plural)
kotatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
kotatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
kotitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
kotitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
kototan (accusative future participle passive singular)
kototajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
kotanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
kotantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
kotinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
kotintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
kotonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
kotontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
kotanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
kotantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
kotinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
kotintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
kotonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
kotontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
kotato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
kotatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
kotito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
kotitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
kototo (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
kototoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
kotaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
kotatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
kotiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
kotitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
kototon (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
kototojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
kotante (active adverbial participle present)
kotinte (active adverbial participle past)
kotonte (active adverbial future participle)
kotate (adverbial participle passive present)
kotite (adverbial participle passive past)
kotote (adverbial future participle passive)
koti (infinitive plural present)
kotu (imperative past plural)
kotus (conditional future plural)

From koto (“mud”) + -i (infinitive verb suffix). When used in the meaning “to defecate”, a calque of German koten.


vino

eo-head

vino (accusative singular vinon, plural vinoj, accusative plural vinojn)

vinon (accusative singular)
vinoj (plural)
vinojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: vino

Ultimately from Latin vīnum. Cognates exist in all of Esperanto's primary source languages: French vin, Polish wino, English wine, Yiddish ווײַן (vayn), German Wein, Russian вино (vino), Italian vino.

Ri ĝuas drinki glason da vino post labori tuttage.

They enjoy drinking a glass of wine after working all day.

wine (an alcoholic beverage made by fermenting grape juice, with an ABV ranging from 5.5–16%)


nano

nano (accusative singular nanon, plural nanoj, accusative plural nanojn)

nanon (accusative singular)
nanoj (plural)
nanojn (accusative plural)

(astronomy) dwarf star (star of relatively small size)


tornado

tornado (accusative singular tornadon, plural tornadoj, accusative plural tornadojn)

tornadon (accusative singular)
tornadoj (plural)
tornadojn (accusative plural)

From French tornade, Italian tornado, German Tornado, Yiddish טאָרנאַדאָ (tornado), Russian торна́до (tornádo), Polish tornado, all derived from English tornado, from Spanish tronada (“thunderstorm”).

Mia kuzino loĝis en Kansaso kaj spertis multajn danĝerajn tornadojn.

My cousin lived in Kansas and experienced many dangerous tornadoes.


kuba

kuba (accusative singular kuban, plural kubaj, accusative plural kubajn)

kuban (accusative singular)
kubaj (plural)
kubajn (accusative plural)


substantivo

substantivo (accusative singular substantivon, plural substantivoj, accusative plural substantivojn)

substantivon (accusative singular)
substantivoj (plural)
substantivojn (accusative plural)

Ultimately from Latin substantīvum, neuter singular of substantīvus. Compare Italian sostantivo, German Substantiv, Yiddish סובסטאַנטיוו (substantiv), Russian существительное (suščestvitelʹnoje).

cog

סובסטאַנטיוו

существительное


domo

eo-head

domo (accusative singular domon, plural domoj, accusative plural domojn)

domon (accusative singular)
domoj (plural)
domojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Polish dom, Russian дом (dom), Latin domus, Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm, from *dem- (“to build”). Cognate with French dôme (“dome; cathedral”), Italian duomo (“cathedral”), German Dom (“cathedral”), Portuguese domo (“dome”), English dome.

Kiam mia edzino mortis, nia hejmo fariĝis simple domo.

When my wife died, our home became merely a house.


ablativo

ablativo (accusative singular ablativon, plural ablativoj, accusative plural ablativojn)

ablativon (accusative singular)
ablativoj (plural)
ablativojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: ablativo

From English ablative, French ablatif, German Ablativ, Italian ablativo, Russian аблати́в (ablatív). Compare Interlingua ablativo.


colo

colo (accusative singular colon, plural coloj, accusative plural colojn)

colon (accusative singular)
coloj (plural)
colojn (accusative plural)

La vivo estas ludo de coloj.

inch (one twelfth of a foot, or exactly 2.54 centimeters)


aeroplano

aeroplano (accusative singular aeroplanon, plural aeroplanoj, accusative plural aeroplanojn)

aeroplanon (accusative singular)
aeroplanoj (plural)
aeroplanojn (accusative plural)

From French aéroplane. By surface analysis, aero + plano.

La aeroplano flugadis tre rapide kaj trapasis grizajn nubojn.

The airplane flew very fast and passed through grey clouds.


mono

mono (accusative singular monon, plural monoj, accusative plural monojn)

monon (accusative singular)
monoj (plural)
monojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French monnaie and English money, both from Latin monēta (“money, coin, mint”), from the name of the temple of Juno Moneta in Rome.

La novgeedzoj devas ŝpareme vivi kiam ili savas sufiĉan monon por aĉeti domon.

The newlyweds must live frugally as they save enough money to purchase a house.


metro

metro (accusative singular metron, plural metroj, accusative plural metrojn)

metron (accusative singular)
metroj (plural)
metrojn (accusative plural)


unco

unco (accusative singular uncon, plural uncoj, accusative plural uncojn)

uncon (accusative singular)
uncoj (plural)
uncojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Unze, Polish uncja and Russian у́нция (úncija).


eno

eno (accusative singular enon, plural enoj, accusative plural enojn)

enon (accusative singular)
enoj (plural)
enojn (accusative plural)

From Japanese 円 (en, “yen, circle”). Compare Korean 엔 (en), Chinese 円 (yuán), French yen, Russian иена (ijena).


mona

mona (accusative singular monan, plural monaj, accusative plural monajn)

monan (accusative singular)
monaj (plural)
monajn (accusative plural)


vagina

vagina (accusative singular vaginan, plural vaginaj, accusative plural vaginajn)

vaginan (accusative singular)
vaginaj (plural)
vaginajn (accusative plural)


matematika

matematika (accusative singular matematikan, plural matematikaj, accusative plural matematikajn)

matematikan (accusative singular)
matematikaj (plural)
matematikajn (accusative plural)


ekspluati

ekspluati (present ekspluatas, past ekspluatis, future ekspluatos, conditional ekspluatus, volitive ekspluatu)

ekspluatas (present)
ekspluatis (past)
ekspluatos (future)
ekspluatus (conditional)
ekspluatu (volitive)
ekspluatas (present)
ekspluatis (past)
ekspluatos (future)
ekspluatanta (active participle present singular)
ekspluatantaj (active participle plural present)
ekspluatinta (active participle past singular)
ekspluatintaj (active participle past plural)
ekspluatonta (active future participle singular)
ekspluatontaj (active future participle plural)
ekspluatantan (accusative active participle present singular)
ekspluatantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
ekspluatintan (accusative active participle past singular)
ekspluatintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
ekspluatontan (accusative active future participle singular)
ekspluatontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
ekspluatata (participle passive present singular)
ekspluatataj (participle passive plural present)
ekspluatita (participle passive past singular)
ekspluatitaj (participle passive past plural)
ekspluatota (future participle passive singular)
ekspluatotaj (future participle passive plural)
ekspluatatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
ekspluatatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
ekspluatitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
ekspluatitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
ekspluatotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
ekspluatotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
ekspluatanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
ekspluatantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
ekspluatinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
ekspluatintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
ekspluatonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
ekspluatontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
ekspluatanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
ekspluatantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
ekspluatinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
ekspluatintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
ekspluatonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
ekspluatontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
ekspluatato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
ekspluatatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
ekspluatito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
ekspluatitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
ekspluatoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
ekspluatotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
ekspluataton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
ekspluatatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
ekspluatiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
ekspluatitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
ekspluatoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
ekspluatotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
ekspluatante (active adverbial participle present)
ekspluatinte (active adverbial participle past)
ekspluatonte (active adverbial future participle)
ekspluatate (adverbial participle passive present)
ekspluatite (adverbial participle passive past)
ekspluatote (adverbial future participle passive)
ekspluati (infinitive plural present)
ekspluatu (imperative past plural)
ekspluatus (conditional future plural)

From Russian эксплуатировать (ekspluatirovatʹ), from French exploiter. Etymologically related to ekspliki.

bor

эксплуатировать


teo

eo-head

teo (accusative singular teon, plural teoj, accusative plural teojn)

teon (accusative singular)
teoj (plural)
teojn (accusative plural)

From English tea, French thé, German Tee, Yiddish טיי (tey), Italian tè, all ultimately from Hokkien 茶 (tê).

Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto
Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda

teismo

theism (morbid condition from drinking too much tea)


studio

studio (accusative singular studion, plural studioj, accusative plural studiojn)

studion (accusative singular)
studioj (plural)
studiojn (accusative plural)
studias (present)
studiis (past)
studios (future)
studianta (active participle present singular)
studiantaj (active participle plural present)
studiinta (active participle past singular)
studiintaj (active participle past plural)
studionta (active future participle singular)
studiontaj (active future participle plural)
studiantan (accusative active participle present singular)
studiantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
studiintan (accusative active participle past singular)
studiintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
studiontan (accusative active future participle singular)
studiontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
studiata (participle passive present singular)
studiataj (participle passive plural present)
studiita (participle passive past singular)
studiitaj (participle passive past plural)
studiota (future participle passive singular)
studiotaj (future participle passive plural)
studiatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
studiatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
studiitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
studiitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
studiotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
studiotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
studianto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
studiantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
studiinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
studiintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
studionto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
studiontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
studianton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
studiantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
studiinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
studiintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
studionton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
studiontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
studiato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
studiatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
studiito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
studiitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
studioto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
studiotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
studiaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
studiatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
studiiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
studiitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
studioton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
studiotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
studiante (active adverbial participle present)
studiinte (active adverbial participle past)
studionte (active adverbial future participle)
studiate (adverbial participle passive present)
studiite (adverbial participle passive past)
studiote (adverbial future participle passive)
studii (infinitive plural present)
studiu (imperative past plural)
studius (conditional future plural)

From French studio, Italian studio, English studio, Portuguese estúdio, Romanian studio, from Latin studium. Doublet of studi.

Mi havas komfortan studion en mia loĝejo.

I have a comfortable studio in my apartment.

studio (artist's workshop, recording studio, one-room apartment, etc.)


sino

sino (accusative singular sinon, plural sinoj, accusative plural sinojn)

sinon (accusative singular)
sinoj (plural)
sinojn (accusative plural)

From Latin sinus (“bosom; pocket, lap”). Compare Italian seno, French sein. Doublet of sinuso.

La knabo sidis sur la sino de sia avino.


aĉeti

aĉeti (present aĉetas, past aĉetis, future aĉetos, conditional aĉetus, volitive aĉetu)

aĉetas (present)
aĉetis (past)
aĉetos (future)
aĉetus (conditional)
aĉetu (volitive)
aĉetas (present)
aĉetis (past)
aĉetos (future)
aĉetanta (active participle present singular)
aĉetantaj (active participle plural present)
aĉetinta (active participle past singular)
aĉetintaj (active participle past plural)
aĉetonta (active future participle singular)
aĉetontaj (active future participle plural)
aĉetantan (accusative active participle present singular)
aĉetantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
aĉetintan (accusative active participle past singular)
aĉetintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
aĉetontan (accusative active future participle singular)
aĉetontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
aĉetata (participle passive present singular)
aĉetataj (participle passive plural present)
aĉetita (participle passive past singular)
aĉetitaj (participle passive past plural)
aĉetota (future participle passive singular)
aĉetotaj (future participle passive plural)
aĉetatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
aĉetatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
aĉetitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
aĉetitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
aĉetotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
aĉetotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
aĉetanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
aĉetantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
aĉetinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
aĉetintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
aĉetonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
aĉetontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
aĉetanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
aĉetantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
aĉetinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
aĉetintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
aĉetonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
aĉetontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
aĉetato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
aĉetatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
aĉetito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
aĉetitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
aĉetoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
aĉetotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
aĉetaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
aĉetatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
aĉetiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
aĉetitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
aĉetoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
aĉetotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
aĉetante (active adverbial participle present)
aĉetinte (active adverbial participle past)
aĉetonte (active adverbial future participle)
aĉetate (adverbial participle passive present)
aĉetite (adverbial participle passive past)
aĉetote (adverbial future participle passive)
aĉeti (infinitive plural present)
aĉetu (imperative past plural)
aĉetus (conditional future plural)

Pli valoras vinagro donacita, ol vino aĉetita.

Vinegar given as a gift is worth more than wine purchased.


uragano

uragano (accusative singular uraganon, plural uraganoj, accusative plural uraganojn)

uraganon (accusative singular)
uraganoj (plural)
uraganojn (accusative plural)

From Russian урага́н (uragán), Italian uragano, French ouragan, all from Spanish huracán, from Taíno *hurakā. Compare Polish huragan, English hurricane, Yiddish הוראַגאַן (huragan), German Hurrikan, Latin huracanum.


robota

robota (accusative singular robotan, plural robotaj, accusative plural robotajn)

robotan (accusative singular)
robotaj (plural)
robotajn (accusative plural)


valo

valo (accusative singular valon, plural valoj, accusative plural valojn)

valon (accusative singular)
valoj (plural)
valojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Latin vallis, English vale/valley, etc.


alfabeto

alfabeto (accusative singular alfabeton, plural alfabetoj, accusative plural alfabetojn)

alfabeton (accusative singular)
alfabetoj (plural)
alfabetojn (accusative plural)

From Late Latin alphabētum, from Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos), from ἄλφα (álpha) and βῆτα (bêta) (the first two letters of the Greek alphabet), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ /aleph/, “ox”) and 𐤁 (b /beth/, “house”), so called because they were pictograms of those objects.

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">aleph</i>


plus

Ultimately from Latin plūs (“more”). Doublet of pli and plu.

Du plus du egalas kvar.


Marso

Borrowed from Latin Mārs, from Old Latin Māvors. Doublet of marto.

(astronomy, astrology) Mars, the fourth planet in the solar system. Symbol: ♂


zigomo

eo-head

zigomo (accusative singular zigomon, plural zigomoj, accusative plural zigomojn)

zigomon (accusative singular)
zigomoj (plural)
zigomojn (accusative plural)


zoologo

zoologo (accusative singular zoologon, plural zoologoj, accusative plural zoologojn)

zoologon (accusative singular)
zoologoj (plural)
zoologojn (accusative plural)


albedo

albedo (accusative singular albedon, plural albedoj, accusative plural albedojn)

albedon (accusative singular)
albedoj (plural)
albedojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin albēdō (“whiteness”).


hebreo

hebreo (accusative singular hebreon, plural hebreoj, accusative plural hebreojn)

hebreon (accusative singular)
hebreoj (plural)
hebreojn (accusative plural)

Kristanoj, hebreoj, aŭ mohametanoj,
Ni ĉiuj de Di' estas filoj.

1933, L. L. Zamenhof, “Preĝo sub la verda standardo”, in The British Esperantist:

Christians, Jews, or Muslims,
We are all sons of God.

(ethnography, religion, dated) Jew, Hebrew


halo

halo (accusative singular halon, plural haloj, accusative plural halojn)

halon (accusative singular)
haloj (plural)
halojn (accusative plural)

Of Germanic origin; related to German Halle, Dutch hal, also to Norwegian hall and Swedish hall.


viro

viro (accusative singular viron, plural viroj, accusative plural virojn)

viron (accusative singular)
viroj (plural)
virojn (accusative plural)


futuro

futuro (accusative singular futuron, plural futuroj, accusative plural futurojn)

futuron (accusative singular)
futuroj (plural)
futurojn (accusative plural)

From Italian futuro, French futur, English future, German Futur, all ultimately from Latin futūrus, irregular future active participle of sum (“I am”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to become, be”). Compare similar IAL derivations like Ido futuro, Interlingue futuro, Volapük fütür.


aboni

eo-head

aboni (present abonas, past abonis, future abonos, conditional abonus, volitive abonu)

abonas (present)
abonis (past)
abonos (future)
abonus (conditional)
abonu (volitive)
abonas (present)
abonis (past)
abonos (future)
abonanta (active participle present singular)
abonantaj (active participle plural present)
aboninta (active participle past singular)
abonintaj (active participle past plural)
abononta (active future participle singular)
abonontaj (active future participle plural)
abonantan (accusative active participle present singular)
abonantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
abonintan (accusative active participle past singular)
abonintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
abonontan (accusative active future participle singular)
abonontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
abonata (participle passive present singular)
abonataj (participle passive plural present)
abonita (participle passive past singular)
abonitaj (participle passive past plural)
abonota (future participle passive singular)
abonotaj (future participle passive plural)
abonatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
abonatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
abonitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
abonitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
abonotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
abonotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
abonanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
abonantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
aboninto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
abonintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
abononto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
abonontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
abonanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
abonantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
aboninton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
abonintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
abononton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
abonontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
abonato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
abonatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
abonito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
abonitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
abonoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
abonotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
abonaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
abonatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
aboniton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
abonitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
abonoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
abonotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
abonante (active adverbial participle present)
aboninte (active adverbial participle past)
abononte (active adverbial future participle)
abonate (adverbial participle passive present)
abonite (adverbial participle passive past)
abonote (adverbial future participle passive)
aboni (infinitive plural present)
abonu (imperative past plural)
abonus (conditional future plural)

→ Ido: abonar

(ergative) to have a subscription, subscribe to


absceso

absceso (accusative singular absceson, plural abscesoj, accusative plural abscesojn)

absceson (accusative singular)
abscesoj (plural)
abscesojn (accusative plural)

From French abcès; English abscess. Compare Ido abceso and Interlingua abscesso.


adjektivo

adjektivo (accusative singular adjektivon, plural adjektivoj, accusative plural adjektivojn)

adjektivon (accusative singular)
adjektivoj (plural)
adjektivojn (accusative plural)

Ultimately from Latin adiectīvum. Compare French adjectif, German Adjektiv, Yiddish אַדיעקטיוו (adyektiv), Italian aggettivo.


adverbo

adverbo (accusative singular adverbon, plural adverboj, accusative plural adverbojn)

adverbon (accusative singular)
adverboj (plural)
adverbojn (accusative plural)


akcento

akcento (uncountable, accusative akcenton)

From English accent, French accent, Polish akcent, Russian акцент (akcent), all from Latin accentus.

(phonetics) accent, stress ("higher-pitched or stronger articulation")


akso

akso (accusative singular akson, plural aksoj, accusative plural aksojn)

akson (accusative singular)
aksoj (plural)
aksojn (accusative plural)


akuŝi

akuŝi (present akuŝas, past akuŝis, future akuŝos, conditional akuŝus, volitive akuŝu)

akuŝas (present)
akuŝis (past)
akuŝos (future)
akuŝus (conditional)
akuŝu (volitive)
akuŝas (present)
akuŝis (past)
akuŝos (future)
akuŝanta (active participle present singular)
akuŝantaj (active participle plural present)
akuŝinta (active participle past singular)
akuŝintaj (active participle past plural)
akuŝonta (active future participle singular)
akuŝontaj (active future participle plural)
akuŝantan (accusative active participle present singular)
akuŝantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
akuŝintan (accusative active participle past singular)
akuŝintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
akuŝontan (accusative active future participle singular)
akuŝontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
akuŝata (participle passive present singular)
akuŝataj (participle passive plural present)
akuŝita (participle passive past singular)
akuŝitaj (participle passive past plural)
akuŝota (future participle passive singular)
akuŝotaj (future participle passive plural)
akuŝatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
akuŝatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
akuŝitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
akuŝitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
akuŝotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
akuŝotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
akuŝanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
akuŝantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
akuŝinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
akuŝintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
akuŝonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
akuŝontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
akuŝanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
akuŝantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
akuŝinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
akuŝintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
akuŝonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
akuŝontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
akuŝato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
akuŝatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
akuŝito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
akuŝitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
akuŝoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
akuŝotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
akuŝaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
akuŝatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
akuŝiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
akuŝitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
akuŝoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
akuŝotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
akuŝante (active adverbial participle present)
akuŝinte (active adverbial participle past)
akuŝonte (active adverbial future participle)
akuŝate (adverbial participle passive present)
akuŝite (adverbial participle passive past)
akuŝote (adverbial future participle passive)
akuŝi (infinitive plural present)
akuŝu (imperative past plural)
akuŝus (conditional future plural)

akuŝigi

to assist (a woman) with the birthing process


akuzativo

akuzativo (accusative singular akuzativon, plural akuzativoj, accusative plural akuzativojn)

akuzativon (accusative singular)
akuzativoj (plural)
akuzativojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin accūsātīvus (literally “of accusing”) from accūsātus, past participle of accūsāre (“to call to account, make complaint against”). Doublet of akuzi.


akvo

eo-head

akvo (accusative singular akvon, plural akvoj, accusative plural akvojn)

akvon (accusative singular)
akvoj (plural)
akvojn (accusative plural)

Akvo kaj pano servas al sano.


amelo

amelo (accusative singular amelon, plural ameloj, accusative plural amelojn)

amelon (accusative singular)
ameloj (plural)
amelojn (accusative plural)

From Latin amylum, from Ancient Greek ἄμυλον (ámulon). Cognate with French amidon, Italian amido.

maiza / terpoma amelo


antimono

antimono (uncountable, accusative antimonon)

From Medieval Latin antimonium. Compare French antimoine, Italian antimonio, Spanish antimonio.


ardezo

ardezo (accusative singular ardezon, plural ardezoj, accusative plural ardezojn)

ardezon (accusative singular)
ardezoj (plural)
ardezojn (accusative plural)


areno

areno (accusative singular arenon, plural arenoj, accusative plural arenojn)

arenon (accusative singular)
arenoj (plural)
arenojn (accusative plural)

From Latin arēna, reinforced by French arène, Russian аре́на (aréna), Polish, Italian, and English arena, German Arena, Yiddish אַרענע (arene).


arĝento

arĝento (uncountable, accusative arĝenton)

Ido: arjento


arkitekturo

arkitekturo (uncountable, accusative arkitekturon)


arko

arko (accusative singular arkon, plural arkoj, accusative plural arkojn)

arkon (accusative singular)
arkoj (plural)
arkojn (accusative plural)


arseniko

arseniko (uncountable, accusative arsenikon)


artiko

artiko (accusative singular artikon, plural artikoj, accusative plural artikojn)

artikon (accusative singular)
artikoj (plural)
artikojn (accusative plural)

From Latin articulus. Compare French article, Spanish artejo (“knuckle”), Italian artiglio (“claw, talon”).


-ulo

Probably from Russian -у́ля (-úlja) and Polish -ula, both feminine noun suffixes.

belulo

good-looking person, attractive person, handsome person

mamulo, skvamulo, spongulo, vertebrulo

(zoology) member of group of animals characterized by the root


artikolo

artikolo (accusative singular artikolon, plural artikoloj, accusative plural artikolojn)

artikolon (accusative singular)
artikoloj (plural)
artikolojn (accusative plural)


avo

avo (accusative singular avon, plural avoj, accusative plural avojn)

avon (accusative singular)
avoj (plural)
avojn (accusative plural)

From Latin avus (“grandfather, ancestor, old man”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂os.

der

Mi parolas pri merda lingvo
Elpensita de stulta avo

2009, “Fek al Esperanto! [Fuck Esperanto!]”, in Fek al Esperanto!, performed by La Pafklik:

I'm talking about a shitty language
Thought up by a stupid old man

(colloquial, sometimes derogatory) old man


azoto

From French azote, from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + ζωή (zōḗ, “life”), coined by Antoine Lavoisier.


balenosto

eo-head

balenosto (uncountable, accusative balenoston)


balustrado

balustrado (accusative singular balustradon, plural balustradoj, accusative plural balustradojn)

balustradon (accusative singular)
balustradoj (plural)
balustradojn (accusative plural)

From French balustrade, ultimately of Semitic origin.


baptopatro

baptopatro (accusative singular baptopatron, plural baptopatroj, accusative plural baptopatrojn)

baptopatron (accusative singular)
baptopatroj (plural)
baptopatrojn (accusative plural)


barbo

barbo (accusative singular barbon, plural barboj, accusative plural barbojn)

barbon (accusative singular)
barboj (plural)
barbojn (accusative plural)

Common Romance, from Latin barba. Distantly related to barto.

Meronym: haro (“a hair”)

Tiele, la sikaj viroj malĝoje ĉesas surporti turbanon kaj unuafoje en la vivo vizitas barbirojn por fortondigi la hararon kaj barbon.

2002 February, GMA, “Irlandaj sikoj razas sin”, in Monato, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 17:

Therefore, the Sikh men unhappily stop wearing turbans and, for the first time in their lives, visit barbers to cut off their hair and beards.


barbiro

barbiro (accusative singular barbiron, plural barbiroj, accusative plural barbirojn)

barbiron (accusative singular)
barbiroj (plural)
barbirojn (accusative plural)

From French barbier, German Barbier, English barber.


bazaro

bazaro (accusative singular bazaron, plural bazaroj, accusative plural bazarojn)

bazaron (accusative singular)
bazaroj (plural)
bazarojn (accusative plural)

Ultimately from Middle Persian wʾčʾl (wāzār) (see there for further descendants).


beladono

beladono (accusative singular beladonon, plural beladonoj, accusative plural beladonojn)

beladonon (accusative singular)
beladonoj (plural)
beladonojn (accusative plural)

From Italian belladonna (bella donna, literally “beautiful lady”), altered by folk etymology from Medieval Latin bladona (“nightshade”), from Gaulish *blātōnā, blātunā, from Proto-Celtic *blātus (“flower”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₃tus, from *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”). The folk etymology was motivated by the cosmetic use of nightshade for dilating the eyes.

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">bella donna</i>

deadly nightshade
deadly nightshade#English

Atropa belladonna
Atropa belladonna#Translingual

deadly nightshade, belladonna (Atropa belladonna)


biero

eo-head

biero (accusative singular bieron, plural bieroj, accusative plural bierojn)

bieron (accusative singular)
bieroj (plural)
bierojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Bier and French bière. Cognates include English beer, Yiddish ביר (bir), Italian birra.


bismuto

bismuto (uncountable, accusative bismuton)


borakso

borakso (uncountable, accusative borakson)


borso

borso (accusative singular borson, plural borsoj, accusative plural borsojn)

borson (accusative singular)
borsoj (plural)
borsojn (accusative plural)

From Italian borsa, French bourse, German Börse. Doublet of burso.


brako

brako (accusative singular brakon, plural brakoj, accusative plural brakojn)

brakon (accusative singular)
brakoj (plural)
brakojn (accusative plural)

From Latin bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), from βραχύς (brakhús, “short”).


brando

brando (accusative singular brandon, plural brandoj, accusative plural brandojn)

brandon (accusative singular)
brandoj (plural)
brandojn (accusative plural)

From English brandy, a shortened form of brandywine, from Dutch brandewijn (“burnt wine”).


briko

briko (accusative singular brikon, plural brikoj, accusative plural brikojn)

brikon (accusative singular)
brikoj (plural)
brikojn (accusative plural)

From French brique and English brick, both of Germanic origin.


brilianto

brilianto (accusative singular brilianton, plural briliantoj, accusative plural briliantojn)

brilianton (accusative singular)
briliantoj (plural)
briliantojn (accusative plural)


bronzo

bronzo (accusative singular bronzon, plural bronzoj, accusative plural bronzojn)

bronzon (accusative singular)
bronzoj (plural)
bronzojn (accusative plural)

From Italian bronzo, English bronze, etc.


brovo

brovo (accusative singular brovon, plural brovoj, accusative plural brovojn)

brovon (accusative singular)
brovoj (plural)
brovojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Russian бровь (brovʹ), perhaps influenced by English brow and German Braue.


brusto

brusto (accusative singular bruston, plural brustoj, accusative plural brustojn)

bruston (accusative singular)
brustoj (plural)
brustojn (accusative plural)

From German Brust (“chest”). Cognate with Yiddish ברוסט (brust, “breast”).

Ŝi apogis sian kapon sur la bruston de Gastono.

1907, Henri Vallienne, chapter 18, in Kastelo de Prelongo:


minus

Ho mia Dio! la muro estas vertikala, eĉ negative kruta. La angulo kun la vertikalo estas minus kvin gradoj, ĉar mi ankoraŭ povas matematike pensi.

dek ok minus dudek estas minus du

2015, Esteban Sánchez, Gramática Práctica del Esperanto, →ISBN, page 132:

La taga temperaturo kutime restadis inter minus dek kaj dek kvin gradoj, kion oni ĉi tie konsideris milda.

2019, Sten Johansson, Ne eblas aplaŭdi unumane, New York, N.Y.: Mondial, →ISBN, page 41:

The daytime temperature usually stayed between minus ten and fifteen degrees, which was considered mild here.


buklo

buklo (accusative singular buklon, plural bukloj, accusative plural buklojn)

buklon (accusative singular)
bukloj (plural)
buklojn (accusative plural)


buljono

buljono (accusative singular buljonon, plural buljonoj, accusative plural buljonojn)

buljonon (accusative singular)
buljonoj (plural)
buljonojn (accusative plural)


burĝono

burĝono (accusative singular burĝonon, plural burĝonoj, accusative plural burĝonojn)

burĝonon (accusative singular)
burĝonoj (plural)
burĝonojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French bourgeon, from Old Frankish *burjo, from Proto-Germanic *burjô (“sprout, descendant, offshoot”), from Proto-Germanic *burjaną (“to raise up”). Compare English burgeon.


buŝo

eo-head

buŝo (accusative singular buŝon, plural buŝoj, accusative plural buŝojn)

buŝon (accusative singular)
buŝoj (plural)
buŝojn (accusative plural)

From French bouche, ultimately from Latin bucca.

Kovru vian buŝon, kiam vi tusas!


ĉampano

ĉampano (accusative singular ĉampanon, plural ĉampanoj, accusative plural ĉampanojn)

ĉampanon (accusative singular)
ĉampanoj (plural)
ĉampanojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French champagne (“sparkling wine from the Champagne region”), from Champagne (“region and former province of France”), from Late Latin campānia (a clipping of Campānia Rēmēnsis), from campāneus (“of or pertaining to the fields”), from Latin campus (“level ground; field, plain”). Doublet of kampanjo and kampo.


ĉelo

eo-head

ĉelo (accusative singular ĉelon, plural ĉeloj, accusative plural ĉelojn)

ĉelon (accusative singular)
ĉeloj (plural)
ĉelojn (accusative plural)


cerbo

cerbo (accusative singular cerbon, plural cerboj, accusative plural cerbojn)

cerbon (accusative singular)
cerboj (plural)
cerbojn (accusative plural)


sfera

sfera (accusative singular sferan, plural sferaj, accusative plural sferajn)

sferan (accusative singular)
sferaj (plural)
sferajn (accusative plural)


flora

flora (accusative singular floran, plural floraj, accusative plural florajn)

floran (accusative singular)
floraj (plural)
florajn (accusative plural)


preterito

preterito (accusative singular preteriton, plural preteritoj, accusative plural preteritojn)

preteriton (accusative singular)
preteritoj (plural)
preteritojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin praeteritum, past participle of praetereō (“I go by, go past”), from praeter (“beyond, before, above, more than”).


patro

patro (accusative singular patron, plural patroj, accusative plural patrojn)

patron (accusative singular)
patroj (plural)
patrojn (accusative plural)

From Latin pater (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Mia patro amas min.

La patro de mia patro estas mia avo.

La amiko kiun vidis mia patro.

La amiko kiu vidis mian patron.


patrino

patrino (accusative singular patrinon, plural patrinoj, accusative plural patrinojn)

patrinon (accusative singular)
patrinoj (plural)
patrinojn (accusative plural)

From patro (“father”) + -ino (“female”).

1915, L. L. Zamenhof (translator), Malnova Testamento, Genezo 3:20.
Kaj Adam donis al sia edzino la nomon Eva, ĉar ŝi estis patrino de ĉiuj vivantoj.

And Adam gave his wife the name Eve, because she was the mother of all the living.


patriĉo

patriĉo (accusative singular patriĉon, plural patriĉoj, accusative plural patriĉojn)

patriĉon (accusative singular)
patriĉoj (plural)
patriĉojn (accusative plural)

From patro (“father”, reconstrued as ‘parent’) + -iĉo (“male”).

af

Mia patriĉo amas min.

Pro la evidenta analogeco "panjo - patrino : paĉjo - patriĉo" la sufikso -iĉ- estas multfoje kaj sendepende inventita de multaj diversaj homoj.

1994, Edmund Grimley Evans, Riisma Esperanto, archived from the original on 2011-09-27:

For the obvious analogy "mommy - mother : daddy - father" the suffix has been invented several times independently by many different people.

(Al tiu dua grupo apartenas ekzemple mia patricxo, kiu konsideras la anglan la plej facilan lingvon en la mondo, kvankam ri nek komprenas nek parolas gxin, sed nur memoras unuopajn vortojn el iamaj lernejaj lecionoj.)

1994 April 11, Konrad Hinsen, “Re: denaskaj esperantistoj”, in soc.culture.esperanto (Usenet), message-ID <HINSEN.94Apr11104121@acds21.physik.rwth-aachen.de>:

(To the second group belongs for example my father, who considers English the easiest language on Earth, while he can neither understand nor speak it, but simply remembers individual words from his English lessons back in the day.)

Mi elkreskis en kernfamilio (patrino kaj patriĉo) kun romantikaj filmoj televidaj.

2003 July, Tomio, “Ni rajtas esti pli ol 2”, in zajn', number 1, page 8:

I grew up in a core family (mother and father) with romantic movies.

(neologism, nonstandard, proscribed) father


matro

eo-head

matro (accusative singular matron, plural matroj, accusative plural matrojn)

matron (accusative singular)
matroj (plural)
matrojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Ido matro, from Latin māter (“mother”).

Coordinate term: patro (“father”)


benigna

benigna (accusative singular benignan, plural benignaj, accusative plural benignajn)

benignan (accusative singular)
benignaj (plural)
benignajn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Italian benigno and English benign, from Latin benignus (“kind, good, friendly”). Compare French bénin.


oro

Borrowed from Italian oro and French or, both from Latin aurum.


luno

luno (accusative singular lunon, plural lunoj, accusative plural lunojn)

lunon (accusative singular)
lunoj (plural)
lunojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French lune, Italian and Spanish luna, from Latin lūna. May also be a derivation from Russian луна́ (luná). All derived from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-.


objekto

objekto (accusative singular objekton, plural objektoj, accusative plural objektojn)

objekton (accusative singular)
objektoj (plural)
objektojn (accusative plural)

From Latin obiectum (“object”, literally “thrown against”), from obiectus, perfect passive participle of obiciō (“throw against”), from ob (“against”) + iaciō (“throw”).

der

(linguistics) object (of a verb, preposition, etc.)


stelo

eo-head

stelo (accusative singular stelon, plural steloj, accusative plural stelojn)

stelon (accusative singular)
steloj (plural)
stelojn (accusative plural)

Ido: stelo

From Latin stella. Doublet of astro and astero.

(numismatics) a unit of Esperanto international currency issued by the Universal League from 1945–1993


akordo

akordo (accusative singular akordon, plural akordoj, accusative plural akordojn)

akordon (accusative singular)
akordoj (plural)
akordojn (accusative plural)

akordo de adjektivo kun substantivo / inter adjektivo kaj substantivo laŭ kazo kaj nombro

agreement between the adjective and the noun in case and number


absoluta

absoluta (accusative singular absolutan, plural absolutaj, accusative plural absolutajn)

absolutan (accusative singular)
absolutaj (plural)
absolutajn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin absolūtus (“unconditional; unfettered; completed”), perfect passive participle of absolvō (“loosen, set free, complete”), from ab (“away”) + solvo (“to loose”).

der

En Esperanto ne ekzistas absoluta participo.

In Esperanto there is no absolute participle.

(grammar) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence.

(physics) Independent of arbitrary units of measurement, standards, or properties.

La absoluta valoro de -3 estas 3.

(mathematics) absolute value
The numerical value of a real number.

La absoluta valoro de 4#43;3i estas 5.

(mathematics) absolute value
The modulus of a complex number.


burso

eo-head

burso (accusative singular burson, plural bursoj, accusative plural bursojn)

burson (accusative singular)
bursoj (plural)
bursojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin bursa (“leather bag”), from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide, wine-skin”). Doublet of borso.

der

(anatomy) bursa (sac where muscle slides across bone)


regno

eo-head

regno (accusative singular regnon, plural regnoj, accusative plural regnojn)

regnon (accusative singular)
regnoj (plural)
regnojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Latin rēgnum, related to rēx (“king”).

La animala regno estas dividita en vertebrulojn kaj senvertebrulojn.

The animal kingdom is divided into vertebrates and invertebrates.


elektro

elektro (uncountable, accusative elektron)

From New Latin ēlectricus (“electrical; of amber”), from ēlectrum (“amber”) + -icus (adjectival suffix), from Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, “amber”).


mentono

eo-head

mentono (accusative singular mentonon, plural mentonoj, accusative plural mentonojn)

mentonon (accusative singular)
mentonoj (plural)
mentonojn (accusative plural)

Ido: mentono

From French menton, from Latin mentum. Compare Italian mento.


fiziko

fiziko (accusative singular fizikon, plural fizikoj, accusative plural fizikojn)

fizikon (accusative singular)
fizikoj (plural)
fizikojn (accusative plural)


dilemo

dilemo (accusative singular dilemon, plural dilemoj, accusative plural dilemojn)

dilemon (accusative singular)
dilemoj (plural)
dilemojn (accusative plural)

From Late Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma, “ambiguous proposition”).

der

dilemma (a difficult circumstance or problem)


silicio

eo-head

silicio (uncountable, accusative silicion)

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-silicio.wav


uranio

uranio (uncountable, accusative uranion)


Urano

(astronomy, astrology) Uranus, seventh planet in the solar system. Symbol: ♅.


universo

universo (accusative singular universon, plural universoj, accusative plural universojn)

universon (accusative singular)
universoj (plural)
universojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French univers, English universe, etc.


primo

primo (accusative singular primon, plural primoj, accusative plural primojn)

primon (accusative singular)
primoj (plural)
primojn (accusative plural)


litio

From New Latin lithium, from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”).

litia klorido


berilio

berilio (uncountable, accusative berilion)


aluminio

aluminio (uncountable, accusative aluminion)

[La kuirilo] estis el aluminio kaj havis specialan duoblan bazon por malhelpi brulon de la kuiraĵoj.

1950, Cezaro Rossetti, chapter 3, in Kredu min, sinjorino!:

The cooking pot was made of aluminium and had a special double bottom to prevent foods from burning.


titanio

titanio (uncountable, accusative titanion)


bromo

Derived from Ancient Greek βρῶμος (brômos, “stink”).


rubidio

rubidio (uncountable, accusative rubidion)

From Latin rubidus (“red”), with reference to its spectral lines.

rubidia klorido

rubidium (element with atomic number 37)


niobio

niobio (uncountable, accusative niobion)


molibdeno

molibdeno (uncountable, accusative molibdenon)


rutenio

rutenio (uncountable, accusative rutenion)


paladio

paladio (uncountable, accusative paladion)


teluro

teluro (uncountable, accusative teluron)


lantano

lantano (uncountable, accusative lantanon)


hafnio

hafnio (uncountable, accusative hafnion)


iridio

iridio (uncountable, accusative iridion)

From Ancient Greek ἶρις, ἶριδος (îris, îridos, “rainbow”) + -io.

der

ἶρις, ἶριδος


talio

eo-head

talio (accusative singular talion, plural talioj, accusative plural taliojn)

talion (accusative singular)
talioj (plural)
taliojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Polish talia, French taille, etc.


polonio

polonio (uncountable, accusative polonion)


astato

astato (uncountable, accusative astaton)

Derived from Ancient Greek ἄστατος (ástatos, “unstable”).


prometio

eo-head

prometio (uncountable, accusative prometion)


samario

samario (uncountable, accusative samarion)


gadolinio

gadolinio (uncountable, accusative gadolinion)


terbio

terbio (uncountable, accusative terbion)


holmio

holmio (uncountable, accusative holmion)


iterbio

iterbio (uncountable, accusative iterbion)


lutecio

lutecio (uncountable, accusative lutecion)


neptunio

neptunio (uncountable, accusative neptunion)


plutonio

plutonio (uncountable, accusative plutonion)


americio

americio (uncountable, accusative americion)


berkelio

berkelio (uncountable, accusative berkelion)


fermio

fermio (uncountable, accusative fermion)


mendelevio

mendelevio (uncountable, accusative mendelevion)


nobelio

nobelio (uncountable, accusative nobelion)


dubnio

dubnio (uncountable, accusative dubnion)


centimetro

centimetro (accusative singular centimetron, plural centimetroj, accusative plural centimetrojn)

centimetron (accusative singular)
centimetroj (plural)
centimetrojn (accusative plural)


atmosfera

atmosfera (accusative singular atmosferan, plural atmosferaj, accusative plural atmosferajn)

atmosferan (accusative singular)
atmosferaj (plural)
atmosferajn (accusative plural)


elemento

elemento (accusative singular elementon, plural elementoj, accusative plural elementojn)

elementon (accusative singular)
elementoj (plural)
elementojn (accusative plural)

Ultimately from Latin elementum (“element; basic principle, rudiment”). Compare Russian элемент (element), Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian elemento, German Element, French élément, Polish element, Yiddish עלעמענט (element).

der

(algebra, chemistry, linguistics) element (piece of a larger whole)


fluoro

eo-head

fluoro (uncountable, accusative fluoron)

Derived from Latin fluor (“flow”). Doublet of flui.


fosforo

fosforo (uncountable, accusative fosforon)


Saturno

(astronomy, astrology) Saturn, ringed sixth planet of the solar system. Symbol: ♄.


Neptuno

(astronomy, astrology) Neptune, eighth planet of the solar system. Symbol: ♆.


cimo

cimo (accusative singular cimon, plural cimoj, accusative plural cimojn)

cimon (accusative singular)
cimoj (plural)
cimojn (accusative plural)


cinabro

cinabro (accusative singular cinabron, plural cinabroj, accusative plural cinabrojn)

cinabron (accusative singular)
cinabroj (plural)
cinabrojn (accusative plural)

From Italian cinabro and French cinabre, both from Latin cinnabaris, from Ancient Greek κιννάβαρι (kinnábari).


deĉifri

deĉifri (present deĉifras, past deĉifris, future deĉifros, conditional deĉifrus, volitive deĉifru)

deĉifras (present)
deĉifris (past)
deĉifros (future)
deĉifrus (conditional)
deĉifru (volitive)
deĉifras (present)
deĉifris (past)
deĉifros (future)
deĉifranta (active participle present singular)
deĉifrantaj (active participle plural present)
deĉifrinta (active participle past singular)
deĉifrintaj (active participle past plural)
deĉifronta (active future participle singular)
deĉifrontaj (active future participle plural)
deĉifrantan (accusative active participle present singular)
deĉifrantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
deĉifrintan (accusative active participle past singular)
deĉifrintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
deĉifrontan (accusative active future participle singular)
deĉifrontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
deĉifrata (participle passive present singular)
deĉifrataj (participle passive plural present)
deĉifrita (participle passive past singular)
deĉifritaj (participle passive past plural)
deĉifrota (future participle passive singular)
deĉifrotaj (future participle passive plural)
deĉifratan (accusative participle passive present singular)
deĉifratajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
deĉifritan (accusative participle passive past singular)
deĉifritajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
deĉifrotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
deĉifrotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
deĉifranto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
deĉifrantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
deĉifrinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
deĉifrintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
deĉifronto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
deĉifrontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
deĉifranton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
deĉifrantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
deĉifrinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
deĉifrintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
deĉifronton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
deĉifrontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
deĉifrato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
deĉifratoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
deĉifrito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
deĉifritoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
deĉifroto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
deĉifrotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
deĉifraton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
deĉifratojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
deĉifriton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
deĉifritojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
deĉifroton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
deĉifrotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
deĉifrante (active adverbial participle present)
deĉifrinte (active adverbial participle past)
deĉifronte (active adverbial future participle)
deĉifrate (adverbial participle passive present)
deĉifrite (adverbial participle passive past)
deĉifrote (adverbial future participle passive)
deĉifri (infinitive plural present)
deĉifru (imperative past plural)
deĉifrus (conditional future plural)


deklinacii

deklinacii (present deklinacias, past deklinaciis, future deklinacios, conditional deklinacius, volitive deklinaciu)

deklinacias (present)
deklinaciis (past)
deklinacios (future)
deklinacius (conditional)
deklinaciu (volitive)
deklinacias (present)
deklinaciis (past)
deklinacios (future)
deklinacianta (active participle present singular)
deklinaciantaj (active participle plural present)
deklinaciinta (active participle past singular)
deklinaciintaj (active participle past plural)
deklinacionta (active future participle singular)
deklinaciontaj (active future participle plural)
deklinaciantan (accusative active participle present singular)
deklinaciantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
deklinaciintan (accusative active participle past singular)
deklinaciintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
deklinaciontan (accusative active future participle singular)
deklinaciontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
deklinaciata (participle passive present singular)
deklinaciataj (participle passive plural present)
deklinaciita (participle passive past singular)
deklinaciitaj (participle passive past plural)
deklinaciota (future participle passive singular)
deklinaciotaj (future participle passive plural)
deklinaciatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
deklinaciatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
deklinaciitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
deklinaciitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
deklinaciotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
deklinaciotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
deklinacianto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
deklinaciantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
deklinaciinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
deklinaciintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
deklinacionto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
deklinaciontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
deklinacianton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
deklinaciantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
deklinaciinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
deklinaciintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
deklinacionton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
deklinaciontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
deklinaciato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
deklinaciatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
deklinaciito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
deklinaciitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
deklinacioto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
deklinaciotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
deklinaciaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
deklinaciatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
deklinaciiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
deklinaciitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
deklinacioton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
deklinaciotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
deklinaciante (active adverbial participle present)
deklinaciinte (active adverbial participle past)
deklinacionte (active adverbial future participle)
deklinaciate (adverbial participle passive present)
deklinaciite (adverbial participle passive past)
deklinaciote (adverbial future participle passive)
deklinacii (infinitive plural present)
deklinaciu (imperative past plural)
deklinacius (conditional future plural)


deklivo

deklivo (accusative singular deklivon, plural deklivoj, accusative plural deklivojn)

deklivon (accusative singular)
deklivoj (plural)
deklivojn (accusative plural)


dento

dento (accusative singular denton, plural dentoj, accusative plural dentojn)

denton (accusative singular)
dentoj (plural)
dentojn (accusative plural)


dezerto

dezerto (accusative singular dezerton, plural dezertoj, accusative plural dezertojn)

dezerton (accusative singular)
dezertoj (plural)
dezertojn (accusative plural)

La ruĝa disko de la suno jam tuŝis la sablojn de la okcidenta dezerto.

1907, Kazimierz Bein, La Faraono, translation of original by B. Prus:

The red disk of the Sun already touched the sands of the western desert.


diamanto

diamanto (accusative singular diamanton, plural diamantoj, accusative plural diamantojn)

diamanton (accusative singular)
diamantoj (plural)
diamantojn (accusative plural)

Common Romance, from Late Latin diamas, from Latin adamas, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμας (adámas, “diamond”).

der

diamond (glimmering mineral commonly made into gemstones)


litro

eo-head

litro (accusative singular litron, plural litroj, accusative plural litrojn)

litron (accusative singular)
litroj (plural)
litrojn (accusative plural)

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-litro.wav


nula

nula (accusative singular nulan, plural nulaj, accusative plural nulajn)

nulan (accusative singular)
nulaj (plural)
nulajn (accusative plural)

(mathematics) equal to zero (of angles and mathematical functions)


paraplegia

paraplegia (accusative singular paraplegian, plural paraplegiaj, accusative plural paraplegiajn)

paraplegian (accusative singular)
paraplegiaj (plural)
paraplegiajn (accusative plural)

having paraplegia, paraplegic (of a, person)


elo

elo (accusative singular elon, plural eloj, accusative plural elojn)

elon (accusative singular)
eloj (plural)
elojn (accusative plural)

From English ale. Compare German Ale, Yiddish עיל (eyl), Russian эль (elʹ), French ale.


heliotropo

heliotropo (accusative singular heliotropon, plural heliotropoj, accusative plural heliotropojn)

heliotropon (accusative singular)
heliotropoj (plural)
heliotropojn (accusative plural)


kampo

kampo (accusative singular kampon, plural kampoj, accusative plural kampojn)

kampon (accusative singular)
kampoj (plural)
kampojn (accusative plural)

Common Romance, ultimately from Latin campus. Compare Italian campo, French champ, English camp, archaic German Kamp. Doublet of ĉampano and kampanjo.


kapo

kapo (accusative singular kapon, plural kapoj, accusative plural kapojn)

kapon (accusative singular)
kapoj (plural)
kapojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Latin capus (“head”). Doublet of ĉapitro.

Kiom da kapoj, tiom da opinioj.


koro

koro (accusative singular koron, plural koroj, accusative plural korojn)

koron (accusative singular)
koroj (plural)
korojn (accusative plural)


paleo-

From Ancient Greek παλαιός (palaiós, “old”).

paleo- + botaniko (“botany”) → paleobotaniko (“paleobotany”)

paleo- + ekologio (“ecology”) → paleoekologio (“paleoecology”)

paleo- + magnetismo (“magnetism”) → paleomagnetismo (“paleomagnetism”)

paleo- + grundo (“soil”) → paleogrundo (“paleosol”)


vika

vika (accusative singular vikan, plural vikaj, accusative plural vikajn)

vikan (accusative singular)
vikaj (plural)
vikajn (accusative plural)


edzo

edzo (accusative singular edzon, plural edzoj, accusative plural edzojn)

edzon (accusative singular)
edzoj (plural)
edzojn (accusative plural)

Back-formation from edzino, less the feminine suffix -ino.

Estas ankoraŭ tradicie en ĉi tiu kulturo por edzino adopti la familian nomon de sia edzo.

It is still traditional in this culture for a wife to adopt her husband's family name.

edzigi

to marry, wed; in the sense of officiating at a wedding, as a judge or other secular official or a religious leader may do


filo

filo (accusative singular filon, plural filoj, accusative plural filojn)

filon (accusative singular)
filoj (plural)
filojn (accusative plural)


fingro

fingro (accusative singular fingron, plural fingroj, accusative plural fingrojn)

fingron (accusative singular)
fingroj (plural)
fingrojn (accusative plural)

From English finger, German Finger, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz, from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós (“fifth”).

Mi brulvundis miajn fingrojn sur la rostkrado.


frato

frato (accusative singular fraton, plural fratoj, accusative plural fratojn)

fraton (accusative singular)
fratoj (plural)
fratojn (accusative plural)

From Latin frater, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

Kiam fratoj batalas, fremdulo ne eniĝu.

When brothers fight, an outsider shouldn't get involved.


haro

haro (accusative singular haron, plural haroj, accusative plural harojn)

haron (accusative singular)
haroj (plural)
harojn (accusative plural)

Holonyms: barbo, hararo, lipharoj, liphararo

Mi trovis haron en mia salado do mi resendis ĝin.

I found a hair in my salad, so I sent it back.


maro

maro (accusative singular maron, plural maroj, accusative plural marojn)

maron (accusative singular)
maroj (plural)
marojn (accusative plural)

Ido: maro


monto

monto (accusative singular monton, plural montoj, accusative plural montojn)

monton (accusative singular)
montoj (plural)
montojn (accusative plural)

From Italian monte and French mont, both from Latin mōns, montis. Compare English mount. Doublet of munti.

Moseo renkontis Dion sur monto kie li ricevis la Dekalogon.

Moses encountered God on a mountain where he received the Ten Commandments.


okulo

okulo (accusative singular okulon, plural okuloj, accusative plural okulojn)

okulon (accusative singular)
okuloj (plural)
okulojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: okulo

From Latin oculus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).


pagi

eo-head

pagi (present pagas, past pagis, future pagos, conditional pagus, volitive pagu)

pagas (present)
pagis (past)
pagos (future)
pagus (conditional)
pagu (volitive)
pagas (present)
pagis (past)
pagos (future)
paganta (active participle present singular)
pagantaj (active participle plural present)
paginta (active participle past singular)
pagintaj (active participle past plural)
pagonta (active future participle singular)
pagontaj (active future participle plural)
pagantan (accusative active participle present singular)
pagantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
pagintan (accusative active participle past singular)
pagintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
pagontan (accusative active future participle singular)
pagontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
pagata (participle passive present singular)
pagataj (participle passive plural present)
pagita (participle passive past singular)
pagitaj (participle passive past plural)
pagota (future participle passive singular)
pagotaj (future participle passive plural)
pagatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
pagatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
pagitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
pagitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
pagotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
pagotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
paganto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
pagantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
paginto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
pagintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
pagonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
pagontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
paganton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
pagantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
paginton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
pagintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
pagonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
pagontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
pagato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
pagatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
pagito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
pagitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
pagoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
pagotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
pagaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
pagatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
pagiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
pagitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
pagoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
pagotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
pagante (active adverbial participle present)
paginte (active adverbial participle past)
pagonte (active adverbial future participle)
pagate (adverbial participle passive present)
pagite (adverbial participle passive past)
pagote (adverbial future participle passive)
pagi (infinitive plural present)
pagu (imperative past plural)
pagus (conditional future plural)

From Italian pagare, Portuguese and Spanish pagar.

Mi pagis la manĝon per ses dolaroj.


persono

persono (accusative singular personon, plural personoj, accusative plural personojn)

personon (accusative singular)
personoj (plural)
personojn (accusative plural)


piedo

piedo (accusative singular piedon, plural piedoj, accusative plural piedojn)

piedon (accusative singular)
piedoj (plural)
piedojn (accusative plural)

From French pied and Italian piede, both from Latin pēs.

Sed ni unue metu ŝin pli bone, ke ŝi kuŝu komforte, kun la piedoj pli altaj ol la kapo.

1983, Claude Piron, chapter 7, in Gerda malaperis!:

But first let's arrange her better, so that she's lying comfortably, with her feet higher than her head.


punkto

punkto (accusative singular punkton, plural punktoj, accusative plural punktojn)

punkton (accusative singular)
punktoj (plural)
punktojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Punkt, Russian пункт (punkt), Polish punkt, all from Latin pūnctum (“point; puncture”). Doublet of bunta and poento.


vizaĝo

vizaĝo (accusative singular vizaĝon, plural vizaĝoj, accusative plural vizaĝojn)

vizaĝon (accusative singular)
vizaĝoj (plural)
vizaĝojn (accusative plural)

Ido: vizajo

Oni bezonas pli ol bela vizaĝo por sukcesi kiel aktorino.

One needs more than a pretty face in order to succeed as actress.

1906, Shakespeare, trans. Zamenhof, Hamleto, Reĝido de Danujo, Project Gutenberg transcription
Jen li venas, ion legas,— / Kun kia malgajeco en vizaĝo!
Here he comes, reading something,— / with what sadness in his countenance.


kalkuli

kalkuli (present kalkulas, past kalkulis, future kalkulos, conditional kalkulus, volitive kalkulu)

kalkulas (present)
kalkulis (past)
kalkulos (future)
kalkulus (conditional)
kalkulu (volitive)
kalkulas (present)
kalkulis (past)
kalkulos (future)
kalkulanta (active participle present singular)
kalkulantaj (active participle plural present)
kalkulinta (active participle past singular)
kalkulintaj (active participle past plural)
kalkulonta (active future participle singular)
kalkulontaj (active future participle plural)
kalkulantan (accusative active participle present singular)
kalkulantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
kalkulintan (accusative active participle past singular)
kalkulintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
kalkulontan (accusative active future participle singular)
kalkulontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
kalkulata (participle passive present singular)
kalkulataj (participle passive plural present)
kalkulita (participle passive past singular)
kalkulitaj (participle passive past plural)
kalkulota (future participle passive singular)
kalkulotaj (future participle passive plural)
kalkulatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
kalkulatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
kalkulitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
kalkulitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
kalkulotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
kalkulotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
kalkulanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
kalkulantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
kalkulinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
kalkulintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
kalkulonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
kalkulontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
kalkulanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
kalkulantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
kalkulinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
kalkulintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
kalkulonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
kalkulontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
kalkulato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
kalkulatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
kalkulito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
kalkulitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
kalkuloto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
kalkulotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
kalkulaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
kalkulatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
kalkuliton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
kalkulitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
kalkuloton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
kalkulotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
kalkulante (active adverbial participle present)
kalkulinte (active adverbial participle past)
kalkulonte (active adverbial future participle)
kalkulate (adverbial participle passive present)
kalkulite (adverbial participle passive past)
kalkulote (adverbial future participle passive)
kalkuli (infinitive plural present)
kalkulu (imperative past plural)
kalkulus (conditional future plural)


lakto

lakto (accusative singular lakton, plural laktoj, accusative plural laktojn)

lakton (accusative singular)
laktoj (plural)
laktojn (accusative plural)


nazo

nazo (accusative singular nazon, plural nazoj, accusative plural nazojn)

nazon (accusative singular)
nazoj (plural)
nazojn (accusative plural)


neĝo

neĝo (accusative singular neĝon, plural neĝoj, accusative plural neĝojn)

neĝon (accusative singular)
neĝoj (plural)
neĝojn (accusative plural)


nombro

nombro (accusative singular nombron, plural nombroj, accusative plural nombrojn)

nombron (accusative singular)
nombroj (plural)
nombrojn (accusative plural)

numero

number identifying one thing from another

(mathematics) number (abstract quantity), amount

(grammar) grammatical number (singular, dual, or plural)


onklo

onklo (accusative singular onklon, plural onkloj, accusative plural onklojn)

onklon (accusative singular)
onkloj (plural)
onklojn (accusative plural)

From French oncle, German Onkel, English uncle, ultimately from Latin avunculus.


orelo

orelo (accusative singular orelon, plural oreloj, accusative plural orelojn)

orelon (accusative singular)
oreloj (plural)
orelojn (accusative plural)


saldo

eo-noun

saldo (accusative singular saldon, plural saldoj, accusative plural saldojn)

saldon (accusative singular)
saldoj (plural)
saldojn (accusative plural)

From Russian са́льдо (sálʹdo) and Polish saldo, both borrowed from Italian saldo. Compare French solde, Czech saldo, Spanish saldo, Swedish saldo.

saldo debeta, kredita; favora saldo.

(accounting) balance (difference between credit and debit of an account)


absolutismo

eo-head

absolutismo (uncountable, accusative absolutismon)

(political science) absolutism (a system of government by absolute authority)


labio

labio (accusative singular labion, plural labioj, accusative plural labiojn)

labion (accusative singular)
labioj (plural)
labiojn (accusative plural)


aborto

aborto (accusative singular aborton, plural abortoj, accusative plural abortojn)

aborton (accusative singular)
abortoj (plural)
abortojn (accusative plural)


feto

feto (accusative singular feton, plural fetoj, accusative plural fetojn)

feton (accusative singular)
fetoj (plural)
fetojn (accusative plural)

Personoj pliaĝaj rajtas koiti laŭvole, sed se koncipiĝos rezultas, ili devas abortigi la feton aŭ ĝin mortigi post la nasko.

1993, Donald Broadribb, transl., La Respubliko, Matraville: Libroservo de la Aŭstralia Esperanto-Asocio, translation of πολιτεια by Plato, published 2000, →ISBN:


modo

modo (accusative singular modon, plural modoj, accusative plural modojn)

modon (accusative singular)
modoj (plural)
modojn (accusative plural)


barba

barba (accusative singular barban, plural barbaj, accusative plural barbajn)

barban (accusative singular)
barbaj (plural)
barbajn (accusative plural)

From barbo (“beard”) + -a (adjectival suffix).


oceano

eo-head

oceano (accusative singular oceanon, plural oceanoj, accusative plural oceanojn)

oceanon (accusative singular)
oceanoj (plural)
oceanojn (accusative plural)

From English ocean, French océan, German Ozean, Italian oceano, Russian океа́н (okeán), Spanish océano etc., from Latin ōceanus, from Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός (Ōkeanós, “Oceanus”).


folio

eo-head

folio (accusative singular folion, plural folioj, accusative plural foliojn)

folion (accusative singular)
folioj (plural)
foliojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Latin folium (“leaf, sheet”).


kubo

kubo (accusative singular kubon, plural kuboj, accusative plural kubojn)

kubon (accusative singular)
kuboj (plural)
kubojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: kubo

Borrowed from Latin cubus, French cube, Italian cubo, English cube, Russian куб (kub) and German Kubus. Ultimately from Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos).


lesbo

lesbo (accusative singular lesbon, plural lesboj, accusative plural lesbojn)

lesbon (accusative singular)
lesboj (plural)
lesbojn (accusative plural)

[E]sperantistoj en la 4a Parado de Geja Fiero en San-Paŭlo (Brazilo) portis sloganrubandon: “Esperanto, Lingvo Internacia, unuiganta la G.L.S-komunumon” (gejoj, lesboj kaj simpatiantoj).

2000, Joao Manoel Aguilera Junior, “Esperanto en geja parado”, in La Ondo de Esperanto, numbers 8-9:

Esperantists in the 4th Gay Pride Parade in São Paulo (Brazil) carried a banner: "Esperanto, International Language, unifying the G.L.S. community" (gays, lesbians, and supporters).


garbo

garbo (accusative singular garbon, plural garboj, accusative plural garbojn)

garbon (accusative singular)
garboj (plural)
garbojn (accusative plural)

Ni portis eksteren garbojn da pajlo kaj kovris nin per feloj, sub kiuj ni restis sufiĉe varmaj kaj sekaj.

1999, Anna Löwenstein, La ŝtona urbo, Antwerp: Flandra Esperanto-Ligo, →ISBN, →OCLC:

He carried out sheaves of straw and covered us with pelts, under which we stayed warm and dry enough.


utero

utero (accusative singular uteron, plural uteroj, accusative plural uterojn)

uteron (accusative singular)
uteroj (plural)
uterojn (accusative plural)


flughaveno

flughaveno (accusative singular flughavenon, plural flughavenoj, accusative plural flughavenojn)

flughavenon (accusative singular)
flughavenoj (plural)
flughavenojn (accusative plural)

From flugi (“to fly”) + haveno (“port”), calque of German Flughafen.


aviadilo

aviadilo (accusative singular aviadilon, plural aviadiloj, accusative plural aviadilojn)

aviadilon (accusative singular)
aviadiloj (plural)
aviadilojn (accusative plural)

aviadi (“to pilot an aircraft”) + -ilo (“tool”)

suffix

Kiam la aviadiloj konkeris la ĉielon, multaj naivuloj diris, ke tiu grava progreso forstrekos la landlimojn.

1922, Eŭgeno Lanti, For la neŭtralismon!:

When airplanes conquered the sky, many naive people said that this major progress would eliminate borders.

Konstatante, ke la ŝalupo heroldas la forirontan flugboaton, mi konsilis al Ngaioni rigardi al Boda-terpinto, de kie baldaŭ aperos la aviadilo.

1960, Kenneth G. Linton, Kanako el Kananam: Aventuroj en la Ĝangalo de Novgvineo, Victoria: Trafford, published 2004, →ISBN, page 202:

Realizing that the torpedo boat heralded the departure of the flying ship, I advised Ngaioni to look in the direction of Boda Promontory, from which the plane would soon appear.

any kind of aircraft (especially, an airplane/aeroplane/plane)


ŝtono

eo-head

ŝtono (accusative singular ŝtonon, plural ŝtonoj, accusative plural ŝtonojn)

ŝtonon (accusative singular)
ŝtonoj (plural)
ŝtonojn (accusative plural)

From a blend of English stone and German Stein, both from Proto-West Germanic *stain. Compare Yiddish שטיין (shteyn), Dutch steen.

O teito é de pedra.

2018, Celso Emilio Ferreiro, “Longa nokto el ŝtono”, in Suso Moinhos, transl., Beletra Almanako, number 31, translation of Longa Noite de Pedra (in Galician), page 57:


ŝultro

ŝultro (accusative singular ŝultron, plural ŝultroj, accusative plural ŝultrojn)

ŝultron (accusative singular)
ŝultroj (plural)
ŝultrojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Schulter. Compare English shoulder.


ŝvito

Post la korbopilka matĉo, flakoj da ŝvito de la ludantoj estis videblaj sur la planko de la korbopilkejo.

After the basketball game, puddles of the players' sweat were visible on the basketball court's floor.


pulmo

pulmo (accusative singular pulmon, plural pulmoj, accusative plural pulmojn)

pulmon (accusative singular)
pulmoj (plural)
pulmojn (accusative plural)


orto

orto (accusative singular orton, plural ortoj, accusative plural ortojn)

orton (accusative singular)
ortoj (plural)
ortojn (accusative plural)


pluvo

pluvo (accusative singular pluvon, plural pluvoj, accusative plural pluvojn)

pluvon (accusative singular)
pluvoj (plural)
pluvojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: pluvo


ponto

ponto (accusative singular ponton, plural pontoj, accusative plural pontojn)

ponton (accusative singular)
pontoj (plural)
pontojn (accusative plural)

Common Romance, ultimately from Latin pōns. Compare French pont, Italian ponte.

La ponto estis konstruita super la rivero.


puto

puto (accusative singular puton, plural putoj, accusative plural putojn)

puton (accusative singular)
putoj (plural)
putojn (accusative plural)

From Latin puteus. Not related to putino.

Tiu ĉi puto estas proksimume 50 metrojn profunda.

A well; a hole sunk into the ground for obtaining water.


korno

korno (accusative singular kornon, plural kornoj, accusative plural kornojn)

kornon (accusative singular)
kornoj (plural)
kornojn (accusative plural)

From Italian corno and French corne, both from Latin cornū (“horn, antler, husk”). Compare Spanish cuerno, Romanian corn. Related to cervo.

(zoology) horn (appendage found on some animals)


oto

oto (accusative singular oton, plural otoj, accusative plural otojn)

oton (accusative singular)
otoj (plural)
otojn (accusative plural)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὠτ- (ōt-), from the root οὖς (oûs, “ear”). Compare English ot-.

(anatomy, sciences) ear (chiefly in compounds)


lango

lango (accusative singular langon, plural langoj, accusative plural langojn)

langon (accusative singular)
langoj (plural)
langojn (accusative plural)


baro

baro (accusative singular baron, plural baroj, accusative plural barojn)

baron (accusative singular)
baroj (plural)
barojn (accusative plural)


rastro

rastro (accusative singular rastron, plural rastroj, accusative plural rastrojn)

rastron (accusative singular)
rastroj (plural)
rastrojn (accusative plural)


ota

ota (accusative singular otan, plural otaj, accusative plural otajn)

otan (accusative singular)
otaj (plural)
otajn (accusative plural)


teatro

teatro (accusative singular teatron, plural teatroj, accusative plural teatrojn)

teatron (accusative singular)
teatroj (plural)
teatrojn (accusative plural)

From English theatre, French théâtre, German Theater, Spanish and Italian teatro, Russian теа́тр (teátr), from Latin theātrum, from Ancient Greek θέατρον (théatron, “a place for viewing”).

der

everyone related to such a building, collectively (its actors, set designers, administrators, etc.)


azotato

eo-head

azotato (accusative singular azotaton, plural azotatoj, accusative plural azotatojn)

azotaton (accusative singular)
azotatoj (plural)
azotatojn (accusative plural)


nitrato

nitrato (accusative singular nitraton, plural nitratoj, accusative plural nitratojn)

nitraton (accusative singular)
nitratoj (plural)
nitratojn (accusative plural)


nitrito

nitrito (accusative singular nitriton, plural nitritoj, accusative plural nitritojn)

nitriton (accusative singular)
nitritoj (plural)
nitritojn (accusative plural)


avio

avio (accusative singular avion, plural avioj, accusative plural aviojn)

avion (accusative singular)
avioj (plural)
aviojn (accusative plural)


fosfato

fosfato (accusative singular fosfaton, plural fosfatoj, accusative plural fosfatojn)

fosfaton (accusative singular)
fosfatoj (plural)
fosfatojn (accusative plural)

From English phosphate, French phosphate, etc.


ozono

From French and English ozone, German Ozon, etc.


injektilo

injektilo (accusative singular injektilon, plural injektiloj, accusative plural injektilojn)

injektilon (accusative singular)
injektiloj (plural)
injektilojn (accusative plural)


taso

taso (accusative singular tason, plural tasoj, accusative plural tasojn)

tason (accusative singular)
tasoj (plural)
tasojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from German Tasse, French tasse, and Italian tazza, all from Arabic طَاس (ṭās).

Ni bezonis du tasojn da faruno por tiu recepto.

We needed two cups of flour for that recipe.


monero

monero (accusative singular moneron, plural moneroj, accusative plural monerojn)

moneron (accusative singular)
moneroj (plural)
monerojn (accusative plural)

From mono (“money”) + -ero (“particle”).


svelta

svelta (accusative singular sveltan, plural sveltaj, accusative plural sveltajn)

sveltan (accusative singular)
sveltaj (plural)
sveltajn (accusative plural)


abismo

abismo (accusative singular abismon, plural abismoj, accusative plural abismojn)

abismon (accusative singular)
abismoj (plural)
abismojn (accusative plural)

From Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”). Compare Spanish abismo, English abyss, Italian abisso, Irish aibhéis, French abîme.


krampo

eo-head

krampo (accusative singular krampon, plural krampoj, accusative plural krampojn)

krampon (accusative singular)
krampoj (plural)
krampojn (accusative plural)

From French crampe and German Krampe, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp; clasp”). Compare Portuguese grampo. Doublet of kramfo.


rando

rando (accusative singular randon, plural randoj, accusative plural randojn)

randon (accusative singular)
randoj (plural)
randojn (accusative plural)

From Afrikaans rand, ultimately from the same Germanic root as above.


nevo

nevo (accusative singular nevon, plural nevoj, accusative plural nevojn)

nevon (accusative singular)
nevoj (plural)
nevojn (accusative plural)

From French neveu, from Latin nepos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂népōts. Doublet of nepo.


observatorio

observatorio (accusative singular observatorion, plural observatorioj, accusative plural observatoriojn)

observatorion (accusative singular)
observatorioj (plural)
observatoriojn (accusative plural)


mero

mero (accusative singular meron, plural meroj, accusative plural merojn)

meron (accusative singular)
meroj (plural)
merojn (accusative plural)

Derived from Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”).


granita

granita (accusative singular granitan, plural granitaj, accusative plural granitajn)

granitan (accusative singular)
granitaj (plural)
granitajn (accusative plural)