Ontario

Holonym: Kanado


Toronto

Toronto (the capital city of Ontario, Canada, and largest city in Canada)


Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


Sarajevo

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Sarajevo, from Ottoman Turkish سرای (saray, “house, mansion, palace”), from Persian سرای (sarây, “inn”).

der

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Sarajevo (a canton of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Kongo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Congo (a country in Central Africa, larger and to the east of the Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Kubo

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Egipto

En la tridek-tria jaro de l' feliĉa regado de Ramzes XII, Egipto festis du solenojn, kiuj plenigis ĝiajn ortodoksajn loĝantojn per fiero kaj feliĉo.

1907, Kabe, chapter 1, in La Faraono, part 1, Hachette, translation of Faraon by Bolesław Prus:

In the thirty-third year of the happy reign of Ramses XII, Egypt celebrated two events that filled her loyal inhabitants with pride and joy.

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Jerusalemo

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Milano

Milan (the capital city of Lombardy, Italy)


Belgio

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Montenegro

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Barato

Holonym: Komunumo de Nacioj


Francio

From franco (“a French person”) + -io (“country”).


Germanio

From germano (“a German person”) + -io (“country”).

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Lanko

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Monako

Ultimately from Ancient Greek μόνοικος (mónoikos).


Ĉinio

From ĉino (“Chinese person”) + -io (country suffix).

Holonyms: Azio (“Asia”), Unuiĝintaj Nacioj (“United Nations”)

Meronym: ĉino (“a Chinese person”)

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers the People's Republic of China, since 1949)


Domingo

From Spanish Domingo, named for Saint Dominic. Not to be confused with Dominiko (“Dominica”).

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Dominican Republic (a country in the Caribbean)


Usono

Proposed in 1905, from English Usona.
coinage
The name Usono was proposed in 1905 by Gaston Moch, the self-publisher of the French journal Espero pacifista (see quotations), and by 1908 L'Amerika Esperantisto, Filipina Esperantisto..., and La Revuo orienta... (Japan) used it without clarification. Zamenhof used the name in his speech at the 1910 World Congress of Esperanto in Washington, D.C..
The online Esperanto dictionary Reta Vortaro once did (and still partially does) attribute the word to Frank Lloyd Wright.https://web.archive.org/web/20090213185634/http://reta-vortaro.de/revo/art/uson.html However, there are no indications Wright knew the word this early:
* It has been suggested that Wright picked up the name on his first European trip in 1910 when there was talk of calling the U.S.A. 'U-S-O-N-A', to avoid confusion with the new Union of South Africa. (John Sergeant (1984) Frank Lloyd Wright's Usonian Houses: The Case for Organic Architecture, page 16)
* The word "Usonia" first appears in Wright's writings in 1925. (Bruce Brooks Pfeiffer, David Larkin (1997) Frank Lloyd Wright: Master Builder, page 102)

1905 July, Gaston Moch, "Vortaro pacifisma", Espero pacifista: monata organo de "Pacifisto", Vol. 1, issue 1, Neuilly-sur-Seine, page 63-64.
Strange estas, ke ekzistas nenia nomo por la regnanoj de Unuigitaj Ŝtatoj kaj por ilia nacio. […] De kelkaj jaroj, oni komencas, en Unuigitaj Ŝtatoj, nomi la landon per la nomo Usona, kunmetita per la ĉefliteroj de la vortoj United States of North Amerika [sic] […] tio, kio koncernas la landon, estas usonian, kaj, simile, la regnano estas nomata Usonian. En Esperanto mi proponas nomi la landon Usono; la responda adjektivo estus usona, kaj la regnano Usonano.

It is strange that there is no name for the citizens of the United States and for their nation. […] For some years, the United States is beginning to be called Usona, made up of the main letters of the words United States of North Amerika [sic] […] that which concerns the country is usonian, and, similarly, the citizen is named Usonian. In Esperanto I propose to name the country Usono; the responding adjective would be usona, and the citizen Usonano.

1905 September, anon, "Traktato inter Ĥinujo kaj Usono", Espero pacifista, Vol. 1, issue 3, page 144.
La projekto de traktato pri enmigro nune diskutata inter Ĥinujo kaj Usono diras ke ĉiu disputo sin intermetanta inter la du landoj pri la apliko de tiu traktato estos juĝata de la Haga Kortumo.

The project of a treaty on immigration currently discussed between China and the United States says that every dispute between the two countries regarding the application of this treaty will be judged by the Court of Justice in The Hague.

Usono estas nacio el multaj nacioj, produkto de komuna agado de diversaj tradicioj, rasoj, religioj kaj kulturoj.

1949, American Esperanto Magazine, page 121:

The United States is a nation consisting of many nations, a result of the common activity of various traditions, races, religions and cultures.

En la 1780aj jaroj Usono estis maldense loĝata manpleno da novaj ŝtatoj kun komunaj kulturo kaj lingvo.

2014 February, Lenio Marobin, “Eŭropo: nepras forta, centra administrado”, in Monato, volume 35, number 2, page 20:

In the 1780s the United States was a sparsely populated handful of new states with a common culture and language.

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Berlino

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)


Antverpeno

Antwerp (the capital city of Antwerp province, Belgium)


Meksiko

From Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco, a place-name referring to the Mēxihcah (Mexica/Aztec peoples).

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


Tokio

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


Kolombo

Colombo (the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka)


Maroko

From Portuguese Marrocos and Spanish Marruecos, both from Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš), from Berber ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴽⵓⵛ (amur n akuc, literally “Land of God”).


Malabo

Holonym: Ekvatora Gvineo

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English

Malabo (the capital city of Equatorial Guinea)


Israelo

From Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean; official name: Ŝtato Israelo)


Palestino

1993, Jorge Camacho, "Al nekonata malamiko", reprinted in Palestino strangolata (2016), p. 15:
Se, almenaŭ, li legintus
de komenc' ĝis fino
la Leteron, kiu temas,
nu, pri Palestino...
If, at least, he would have read
from beginning to end
the Letter, which was about,
well, Palestine...


Makedonio

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Makedonio.wav

North Macedonia
North Macedonia#English:_Q221

(informal) North Macedonia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Respubliko de Makedonio

eo-head

Respubliko de Makedonio (accusative Respublikon de Makedonio)

Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia


Antananarivo

Antananarivo (the capital city of Madagascar)


Andoro

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Belgujo

From belgo (“a Belgian”) + -ujo (“country of”).

af

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Francujo

From franco (“a French person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Germanujo

germano (“a German person”) + -ujo (“country of”)

suffix

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Italio

From italo (“an Italian”) + -io (“country”).


Italujo

From italo (“an Italian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Hispanio

From hispano (“a Spaniard”) + -io (“country”).

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Hispanujo

From hispano (“a Spaniard”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Hungarujo

From hungaro (“a Hungarian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Kroatio

From kroato (“Croat”, noun) + -io (“country of”).

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Kroatujo

From kroato (“Croat”, noun) + -ujo (“country of”).


Rusio

Meronym: ruso (“a Russian”)

Rusia Federacio
Rusia Federacio#Esperanto

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia; official name: Rusia Federacio)


Rusujo

From ruso (“Russian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Svedio

From svedo (“a Swede”) + -io (“country”).

Holonyms: Eŭropo (“Europe”), Eŭropa Unio (“European Union”), Unuiĝintaj Nacioj (“United Nations”)

Meronyms: Stokholmo (“Stockholm”), svedo (“a Swede”)

Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Europe)


Svedujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Svedujo.wav

From svedo (“Swede”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Turkio

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Turkujo

From turko (“a Turk”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Bulgario

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Ĉeĥio

ĉeĥo (“a Czech person”) + -io (“country”)

suffix

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Danio

Denmark (a country in Europe, the metropole of the sovereign nation of the same name)


Danujo

Archaic form of Danio (“Denmark (a country in Europe, the metropole of the sovereign nation of the same name)”).


Estonio

Meronym: Talino

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


Grekujo

From greko (“a Greek person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Latvio

From latvo (“a Latvian”) + -io (“country”).

Latvia (a country in North Eastern Europe)


Litovio

Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe)


Litovujo

From litovo (“a Lithuanian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Moldavujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Moldavujo.wav

From moldavo (“a Moldovan”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Norvegio

Holonyms: Eŭropo (“Europe”), Unuiĝintaj Nacioj (“United Nations”)

Meronyms: norvego (“a Norwegian”), Oslo, Svalbardo (“Svalbard”)

Norway (a country in Scandinavia, in northern Europe)


Norvegujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Norvegujo.wav

From norvego (“a Norwegian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Portugalio

From portugalo (“Portuguese person”) + -io.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Portugalujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Portugalujo.wav

From portugalo (“a Portuguese”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Rumanujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Rumanujo.wav


Slovakujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Slovakujo.wav

From slovako (“a Slovakian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Slovenio

From sloveno (“Slovenian, Slovene”, noun) + -io.

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Slovenujo

From sloveno (“a Slovenian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Ukrainio

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Ukrainujo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Ukrainujo.wav


Ĉinujo

From ĉino (“a Chinese person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Egiptio

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Egiptujo

From egipto (“an Egyptian”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Etiopio

From etiopo (“an Ethiopian”) + -io (“country”).


Japanio

From japano (“a Japanese person”) + -io (“country”).

Meronyms: japano (“Japanese person”), japanino (“Japanese woman”)

Japanio estas riĉa lando.

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


Mongolujo

From mongolo (“a Mongol”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Aŭstralio

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Brazilo

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Indonezio

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Irlando

Nord-Irlando

Northern Ireland, a country in the United Kingdom

Britio

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland


Kanado

From English Canada or French Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).

der

Ameriko

the continent of [North and South] America


Kipro

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Svislando

From sviso (“Swiss person”) + lando (“land”), calque of English Switzerland.
Corresponds with several other West Germanic languages, including Afrikaans Switserland, Dutch Zwitserland, Scots Swisserland, West Frisian Switserlân, as well as a number of non-European languages, including Bengali সুইজারল্যান্ড (śuijarolênḍ), Hindi स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड (sviṭzarlaiṇḍ), Malay Switzerland, Thai สวิตเซอร์แลนด์ (sà-wít-səə-lɛɛn).

cog

সুইজারল্যান্ড

स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड

Hindi स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड (sviṭzarlaiṇḍ)

สวิตเซอร์แลนด์

Thai สวิตเซอร์แลนด์ (sà-wít-səə-lɛɛn)

Meronym: Berno

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Finnlando

From finno (“Finn”) + lando (“country”).

Meronym: Helsinko

Finland (A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe)


Nederlando

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Nov-Zelando

From nova (“new”) + Zelando (“Zeeland”).

Holonyms: Aŭstralazio, Komunumo de Nacioj, Polinezio

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Jamajko

Borrowed from Spanish Jamaica, from Arawakan/Taíno xaymaca (“great spirit of the land of man”).

der

Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Kenjo

From Swahili Kenya, ultimately from Kikuyu kere nyaga (“white mountain”). Compare French and Italian Kenya, German, Latin, and Polish Kenia, Russian Ке́ния (Kénija), Yiddish קעניע (kenye).


Kuvajto

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kiribato

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Pollando

From polo (“a Polish person”) + lando (“land”), calque of English Poland.
Its popularity over the synonyms Polujo and Polio are likely an influence of the English language, and to a lesser extent non-European languages with English-derived names for the country, such as Chinese 波蘭 /波兰 (Bōlán), Japanese ポーランド (Pōrando), Korean 폴란드 (Pollandeu), Indonesian Polandia, Hindi पोलैंड (polaiṇḍ), etc.

af

Meronyms: Bjalistoko, Varsovio


Alĝerio

From French Algérie, from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

der

اَلْجَزَائِر


Malto

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Gambio

Ultimately from Mandinka Kambra, Kambaa.


Armenio

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Mozambiko

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Niĝerio

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Jordanio

Haŝemida Reĝlando Jordanio
Haŝemida Reĝlando Jordanio#Esperanto

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Haŝemida Reĝlando Jordanio)


Kentukio

From English Kentucky, of unclear origin; possibly from an Iroquoian word meaning prairie (compare Mohawk kenhtà:ke, Seneca gëdá'geh (“at the field”)).

unk

unclear

Holonym: Usono


Vieno

Vienna (the capital city of Austria; state of Austria)


Hindujo

Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent#English

(Zamenhof) (chiefly historical, proscribed in modern use) the Indian subcontinent, India (a region of South Asia, traditionally delimited by the Himalayas and the Indus river; the Indian subcontinent)


Hindio

(rare) (chiefly historical, proscribed in modern use) the Indian subcontinent, India (a region of South Asia, traditionally delimited by the Himalayas and the Indus river; the Indian subcontinent)


Irano

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Niĝero

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)


Ĉado

Ultimately from Kanuri tsade (“lake”), named after Lake Chad. Compare French Tchad, German Tschad, Italian Ciad, Polish Czad, Russian Чад (Čad), Yiddish טשאַד (tshad).


Vjetnamio

From Russian Вьетна́м (Vʹjetnám) + -io, ultimately from Vietnamese Việt Nam.


Vjet-Namo

Alternative form of Vjetnamo: Vietnam (a country in Southeast Asia)


Vjetnamo

(rare) Vietnam (a country in Southeast Asia)


Finlando

Ultimately from Old Norse Finnland, but compare lando (“country, land”).

Finland (A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe)


Luksemburgo

Luxembourg (a country in Central Europe)

Luxembourg (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)


Barbado

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Orienta Timoro

eo-proper noun

Orienta Timoro (accusative Orientan Timoron)

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


Kazaĥio

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Kongo-Brazavilo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Congo-Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Kongo-Kinŝasa

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Congo-Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Kostariko

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Anglio

From anglo (“a English person”) + -io (“country”)

af

England (The largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom; established in southern Britain by Aethelstan of Wessex in 927)


Anglujo

anglo (“English person”) + -ujo (“country of”)


Novsudkimrio

From nova (“new”) + suda (“southern”) + Kimrio (“Wales”).


Tasmanio

Holonym: Aŭstralio (“Australia”)

Tasmania (a state and island in Australia)


ĉefurbo

eo-head

ĉefurbo (accusative singular ĉefurbon, plural ĉefurboj, accusative plural ĉefurbojn)

ĉefurbon (accusative singular)
ĉefurboj (plural)
ĉefurbojn (accusative plural)

La ĉefurbo de Francio estas Parizo.

capital, capital city (seat of government); metropolis


Ĝibraltaro

From English Gibraltar, from Arabic جَبَل طَارِق (jabal ṭāriq, literally “Mountain of Tariq”), who led the Umayyad conquest of Hispania starting in 711.

der

جَبَل طَارِق

Holonym: Unuiĝinta Reĝlando

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)

Tariq ibn Ziyad
Umayyad conquest of Hispania
eo:Ĝibraltaro


Libano

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Sirio

From Latin Sȳria, from Ancient Greek Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Sŭrĭ́ā), ultimately from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”). Doublet of sorgo.

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Dublino

From English Dublin, from Old Irish dubh (“black”) + linn (“pond”).


Strasburgo

Strasbourg (the capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est)


Berno

From German Bern, French Berne, and Italian Berna.


Parizo

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Georgio

Borrowed from English Georgia, from George (male given name) + -ia (place-name suffix). Not to be confused with Kartvelio (“Georgia (country)”).

Holonym: Usono

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Novjorko

New York City (a city in the United States)


Novjorkio

Holonym: Usono (“United States”)

Meronym: Novjorko (“New York City”)


Unuiĝinta Regno

eo-proper noun

Unuiĝinta Regno (accusative Unuiĝinta Regnon)


Britio

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, including Scotland and Wales

Meronyms: Anglio (“England”); Granda Britio (“Great Britain”); Kimrio (“Wales”); Nordirlando, Nord-Irlando (“Northern Ireland”); Skotlando (“Scotland”); anglo (“an English person”); brito (“an British person”); skoto (“a Scottish person”)


Pekino

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Malmo

From Swedish Malmö, from Middle Danish Malmoghe or Malmhauge (literally “Ore Hill”), a compound equivalent to present-day malm (“ore”) + høj (“hill”); both elements are of Old Norse, earlier Proto-Germanic, and ultimately Proto-Indo-European origin.


Skotlando

From skoto (“a Scottish person”) + lando (“land”).

af

Holonym: Britio

Meronym: skoto

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom, located in northwest Europe to the north of England)


Ĉikago

Borrowed from English Chicago, from French Chécagou, from Miami šikaakwa (“wild leek, ramp; striped skunk”).

der

Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)


Polujo

From polo (“a Polish person”) + -ujo (“country of”).


Amsterdamo

Borrowed from Dutch Amsterdam (from Amstel (“Amstel River”) + dam (“dam”)).

bor

Iun nokton li havis strangan sonĝon. Voĉo diris al li: —Iru al Amsterdamo kaj tie sur la Papen-ponto vi trovos trezoron.

One night he had a strange dream. A voice told him: "Go to Amsterdam and there on top of the Papen-bridge you will find a treasure."

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)


Glasgovo

Glasgow (a major city and council area of Scotland, largest city in Scotland)


Frankfurto

S-ro Papandreu demisias ; lin anstataŭas s-ro Lukas Papademos, eksa bankisto de la centra banko en Ateno kaj en Frankfurto, kiel ĉefministro de „registaro de nacia unueco”.

2013 January 1, Cédric Durand, Razmig Keucheyan, “Survoje al eŭropa cezarismo”, in Le Monde diplomatique:

Frankfurt, Frankfurt-am-Main (the largest city in Hesse, in central Germany)

Frankfurt, Frankfurt-an-der-Oder (a sizable town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany)


Hamburgo

Hamburg (the second-largest city in Germany)

Hamburg (a state of Germany containing the city of the same name)


Meksikurbo

Holonym: Meksiko (“Mexico”)


Alasko

Borrowed from English Alaska, from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Holonym: Usono (“United States”)


Kalifornio

Borrowed from English California, itself borrowed from Spanish California (the monarchy in the 16th-century novel Las sergas de Esplandián), named after the novel's character Calafia, derived from Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa, “caliph”).

California (a state of the United States)


Filipinoj

From French Philippines, originally from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe, the name of three kings in Habsburg Spain.

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Bruselo

From French Bruxelles, Dutch Brussel, and German Brüssel.


Ilinojo

From English Illinois, ultimately from Miami ilenweewa (“he speaks the regular way”).

der

Holonym: Usono


Saksio

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Saksio.wav


Melburno

Melbourne (the capital and largest city of Victoria, Australia)


Abĥazujo

abĥazo (“an Abkhaz person”) + -ujo (“country”)

suffix

Abkhazia (a region and unrecognised country in Georgia, Caucasus)


Adelajdo

Adelaide (the capital and largest city of South Australia)


Belorusio

En 1918, unue Belorusio, poste Litovio anoncis sian pretendon al la urbo, ...

2015, Istvan Ertl, Suso Moinhos, Jesper Lykke Jacobsen, Probal Dasgupta, Tim Westover, Beletra Almanako 22 (BA22 - Literaturo en Esperanto), Mondial, →ISBN, page 59:

In 1918, first Belarus and then Lithuania advanced their claims to the city, ...

En la sovetia planekonomio Belorusio estis grava liveranto de ŝtofoj kaj vestaĵoj al la tuta enorma regno, sed post la disfalo de Sovetio[…]

2016, Kalle Kniivilä, Idoj de la imperio. La rusoj en Baltio (Faklibro en Esperanto), Mondial, →ISBN, page 144:

In the Soviet plan economy, Belarus was an important source of textile and clothes for the entire huge realm, but after the fall of the Soviet [Union], ...

Kaj post tri jaroj mia patro estis liberigita; li revenis el la norda malvarma regiono, sed li perdis la rajton loĝi en la ĉefurbo de Belorusio Minsko kaj estis sendita en la urbeton Bogorodick, fama pro karboproduktado kaj pro granda procento de ministoj malsanaj je silikozo.

2016, Suso Moinhos, Jesper Lykke Jacobsen, Probal Daŝgupta, Beletra Almanako 27 (BA27 - Literaturo en Esperanto), Mondial, →ISBN, page 120:

And after three years, my father was freed; he returned from the northern cold region, but he lost the right to live in the capital of Belarus, Minsk, and was sent to the town of Bogorodick, famous for its coal production and its large percentage of mine workers sick with silicosis.


Belorusujo

La lando Belorusujo jam havas tradician enradikiĝintan nomon, faritan de Zamenhof.

2001, Bertilo Wennergren, “Re: Esperanto kaj la hebrea”, in soc.culture.esperanto (Usenet):

En miaj rondoj -inter ili esperanta rondo- kelkaj opinias la informon de okcidentaj ĵurnaloj(*) pri la balotoj en Belorusujo, misgvida, manipulema, okcident-inklina kaj dratpupumita de Usono.

2006, Manuel Pancorbo Castro, “Re: Esperantisto arestita en Minsko”, in soc.culture.esperanto (Usenet):

Bresto - Brest/Брэст, urbo en Belorusujo

2017, Fritz Wollenberg, Jubilea Libro 1903 - 2014. Esperanto. Lingvo kaj kulturo en Berlino kaj Brandenburgio. 111 jaroj, Mondial, →ISBN, page 129:


Butano

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Trojo

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Madrido

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Madrid, Community of Madrid (an autonomous community of Spain)

Madrid (a province of the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Nikaragvo

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


Adisabebo

Addis Ababa (the capital city of Ethiopia)


Galegio

Galicia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Tunizio

From Arabic تُونِس (tūnis) + -io (“country”).


Sidnejo

Sydney (the capital city of New South Wales, Australia, and largest city in Australia)


Kanbero

From English Canberra, from Ngunawal kamberra (“meeting place”).

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Perto

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Perth (the capital and largest city of Western Australia)


Benino

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Irako

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Nepalo

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Moskvo

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)

Moscow (an oblast of Russia, surrounding the city of Moscow)


Madagaskaro

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Roterdamo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Roterdamo.wav

Rotterdam (a major city and seaport in South Holland, Netherlands)


Bostono

Boston (the capital and largest city of Massachusetts, United States)


Kartvelujo

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Kazaĥujo

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Kaŭkazio

Caucasus (a region on the border of Europe and Asia)


Kirgizio

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


Kartago

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)

Carthage (an ancient civilisation in North Africa, centred on the city of Carthage)


Izraelio

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Marilando

From English Maryland. By surface analysis, Mario (“Mary”) + lando (“land”).

surf

Holonym: Usono


Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj Amerikaj

eo-proper noun

Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj Amerikaj (accusative Unuiĝintajn Ŝtatojn Amerikajn)

Unuiĝintajn Ŝtatojn Amerikajn (accusative)

United States of America (a country in North America)


Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko

Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko (accusative Unuiĝintajn Ŝtatojn de Ameriko)

Unuiĝintajn Ŝtatojn de Ameriko (accusative)


Londono

From English London, from Latin Londīnium.

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Ejro

an island in the British Isles, named "Éire" in Irish and "Ireland" in English

a sovereign country comprising most of this island, also named "Éire" in Irish and "Ireland" in English


Kimrio

From kimro (“a Welsh person”) + -io (“country”)

af

Holonyms: Britio (“Britain”), Unuiĝinta Reĝlando (“United Kingdom”)

Meronym: kimro (“a Welsh person”)

Wales (One of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom, formerly a principality)


Darvino

Holonyms: Aŭstralio, Norda Teritorio

Northern Territory
Northern Territory#English

Darwin (the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia)


Teksaso

Holonym: Usono (“United States”)


Saudarabio

Saudarabia Reĝlando
Saudarabia Reĝlando#Esperanto

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Saudarabia Reĝlando)

Persa GolfoKataroUnuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj


Havajo

From English Hawaii, from Hawaiian Hawaiʻi. Compare Polish Hawaje.


Iovao

Borrowed from English Iowa, from French Aiouez, an early transliteration of the name of the Iowa people, from Dakota ayúxba (“sleepy ones”).

Holonym: Usono


Serbio

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Armenujo

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Afganio

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Azerbajĝano

Borrowed from Azerbaijani Azərbaycan + -o.

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Turkmenio

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Pensilvanio

Holonym: Usono

Pennsylvania (a state of the United States)


Florido

Holonym: Usono


Utaho

From English Utah, from Spanish yuta, from Apachean.

Holonym: Usono


Belarusio

Vidu Нацыянальная акадэмія навук Беларусі (Nacia akademio [?] de Belarusio) de kie me prenis tiujn sciindaĵojn.

2000, Hans Kamp, “Re: Goddam ^'s”, in soc.culture.esperanto (Usenet):

2004, Dario Rodriguez, "Re: Kiel prononci "Zamenhof"?", soc.culture.esperanto
Dum en Rusio kaj Belarusio apenau oni omaghas au primemoras lin, krom en la esperantistaj medioj, en Pollando Zamenhof estas konsiderata kvazau nacia heroo.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

... kaj la rusa (lingvo de nur tri – ĉar Ukrainio kaj la iama Belarusio havis, laŭ kuriozo de la historio, la statuson de sendependaj membroj).

2016, Federico Gobbo, Lingua, Politica, Cultura. Serta Gratulatoria in Honorem Renato Corsetti: Festlibro en Esperanto, la itala kaj la angla, Mondial, →ISBN, page 17:


Jemeno

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Luando

Holonym: Angolo


Barejno

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Dubajo

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Dubai (an emirate of the United Arab Emirates)

Dubai (the capital city of Dubai emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Unuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj

eo-proper noun

Unuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj (accusative Unuiĝintajn Arabajn Emirlandojn)

Unuiĝintajn Arabajn Emirlandojn (accusative)

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Venecio

Venice (the capital city of Veneto, Italy)


Islamabado

From Urdu اسلام آباد (Islām ābād, literally “City of Islam”).

bor

Holonym: Pakistano

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)


Tehrano

Panoramo de Tehrano nokte


Misisipio

Holonym: Usono

Mississippi (a state of the United States)


Viskonsino

Borrowed from English Wisconsin, from French Ouisconsin, ultimately from Menominee wēskōhsek (“good place”).

Holonym: Usono

Wisconsin (a state of the United States)


Tenesio

From English Tennessee, from Cherokee ᏔᎾᏏ (tanasi).

Holonym: Usono

Tennessee (a state of the United States)


Kopenhago

From German Kopenhagen, Yiddish קאָפּענהאַגען (kopenhagen), English Copenhagen, Polish Kopenhaga, French Copenhague, Italian Copenaghen, all ultimately from Danish København.

der

קאָפּענהאַגען

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Zagrebo

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Katalunio

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Barcelono

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)

Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)


Budapeŝto

Holonym: Hungario


Birmo

(dated) Burma (a country in Southeast Asia)


Oregono

From English Oregon, ultimately of uncertain origin.

Holonym: Usono


Omano

Sultanlando Omano
Sultanlando Omano#Esperanto

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Sultanlando Omano)


Nigerio

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Dresdeno

Dresden (the capital city of Saxony, Germany)


Libio

From Latin Libya (“Africa; Libya”), from Ancient Greek Λιβύη (Libúē, “Northwestern Africa”).


Liĥtenŝtejno

Meronym: Vaduzo

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Edinburgo

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


Taŝkento

Tashkent (the capital city of Uzbekistan)


Malavio

Ultimately from Chichewa malaŵí (“flames”).


Malio

Of Mandingo origin; compare Mandinka, Bambara mali.


Turkmenistano

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Tuvalo

Tuvalu (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Kameruno

Ultimately from Portuguese Rio dos Camarões.


Sejŝeloj

Seychelles (an archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean)


Jeriko

Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


Zimbabvo

From Shona dzimba-dze-mabwe (“house of stones”), in reference to Great Zimbabwe.


Kansasurbo

From Kansaso (“Kansas”) + urbo (“city”).

Holonym: Misurio

Kansas City (the largest city in Missouri, United States)

Kansas City (a city in Kansas, United States)


Misurio

Borrowed from English Missouri, from a French adaptation of Miami wimihsoorita (“the people who have dugout canoes”).

Holonym: Usono

Meronym: Kansasurbo


Montano

Holonym: Usono


Loveno

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Loveno.wav

Louvain (capital of the Belgian province Flemish Brabant)


Palaŭo

Ultimately from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Ugando

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Dominiko

From French Dominique. Not to be confused with Domingo (“Dominican Republic”).

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Montrealo

Borrowed from French Montréal and English Montreal.

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)


Gvineo

Borrowed from English Guinea, from Portuguese Guiné.


Eritreo

Ultimately from Latin Erythraea, from Ancient Greek Ερυθρά Θάλασσα (Eruthrá Thálassa).

der

Ερυθρά Θάλασσα

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


Vatikano

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Masaĉuseco

From English Massachusetts, from Massachusett Muhsachuweesut (“large hill”), referring to the Great Blue Hill of the Wôpanâak.

Holonyms: Nov-Anglio (“New England”), Usono

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


Afganistano

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Ĉernobilo

Borrowed from Russian Черно́быль (Černóbylʹ), from Ukrainian Чорно́биль (Čornóbylʹ).


Tajvano

Taiwan (An archipelago and partly-recognized country in East Asia)


Marŝala Insularo

eo-proper noun

Marŝala Insularo (accusative Marŝalan Insularon)

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English:_Q709

Marshall Islands (A country consisting of two archipelagos in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Koloradio

Holonym: Usono


Vajomingo

From English Wyoming, from Munsee xwé:wamənk (literally “at the big river flat”).

der

Holonym: Usono

vajomingito (rokaĵo): fr. wyomingite, laŭ Leŭcita montetaro, Vajomingo, Usono ...

La Statoj Montano, Idaho, Vajomingo, Utaho, Kolorado, Nevado, Kalifornio, Oregono, kaj Vaŝingtono, kune kun Nov-Meksiko, Arizono ...

La plej rimarkinda el la pioniraj naciaj parkoj estas la „Flava ŝtono" en Vajomingo.

1995, Wlodzimierz A. Brzezinski, Esperanto:

The most remarkable of the pioneer national parks is the "Yellow stone" in Wyoming.


Nebrasko

Holonym: Usono


Edmontono

Edmonton (the capital city of Alberta, Canada)


Danlando

Denmark (a country in Europe, the metropole of the sovereign nation of the same name)


Sevilo

Seville (the capital city of Andalusia, Spain)

Holonym: Hispanio

Seville (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Bejruto

From Arabic بَيْرُوت (bayrūt), ultimately from Phoenician 𐤁𐤓𐤕 (brt).


Nov-Meksiko

Holonym: Usono

New Mexico (a state of the United States)


Virginio

Holonym: Usono


Norda Karolino

eo-proper noun

Norda Karolino (accusative Nordan Karolinon)

Holonym: Usono

North Carolina (a state of the United States)


Suda Karolino

Suda Karolino (accusative Sudan Karolinon)

Holonym: Usono

South Carolina (a state of the United States)


Konektikuto

Holonym: Usono

Connecticut (a state of the United States)


Nevado

Holonym: Usono


Oklahomo

From English Oklahoma, from Choctaw okla (“people”) + homa (“red”).

Holonym: Usono


Kansaso

Holonym: Usono


Suda Dakoto

Holonym: Usono

South Dakota (a state of the United States)


Norda Dakoto

Norda Dakoto (accusative Nordan Dakoton)

Holonym: Usono

North Dakota (a state of the United States)


Miĉigano

From English Michigan, from Ojibwe ᒥᔑᑲᒥ (mishigami, “large lake”).

Holonym: Usono


Minesoto

Holonym: Usono

Minnesota (a state of the United States)


Indianao

Holonym: Usono


Luiziano

From English Louisiana, from French Louisiane.

Holonym: Usono

Louisiana (a state of the United States)


Majno

Partial-orthographic borrowing of English Maine, from French Maine.

Holonym: Usono


Nov-Hampŝiro

Holonym: Usono

New Hampshire (a state of the United States)


Nov-Ĵerzejo

Holonym: Usono

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


Okcidenta Virginio

Okcidenta Virginio (accusative Okcidentan Virginion)

Holonym: Usono

... en la minejoj al okcidenta Virginio kaj el Kentoki (Kentucky), ...

1929, Sennacieca asocio tutmonda, Sennaciulo: oficiala organo de Sennacieca asocio tutmonda:

West Virginia (a state of the United States)


Rod-Insulo

Holonym: Usono

Rhode Island (a state of the United States)


Vaŝingtonio

Holonym: Usono

Washington (a state of the United States)


Vermonto

From English Vermont, from French verts monts (“green mountains”).

Holonym: Usono


Vilno

From Polish Wilno, from Lithuanian Vilnius, from vilnis (“wave”). Compare German Wilna, Yiddish ווילנע (vilne).


Kievo

Likely from Russian Киев (Kijev), possibly from declensions of Ukrainian Київ (Kyjiv), many of which start with Києв- (Kyjev-).


Ankaro

Holonym: Turkio


Bosnio kaj Hercegovino

eo-head

Bosnio kaj Hercegovino (accusative Bosnion kaj Hercegovinon)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Bjalistoko

Borrowed from Polish Białystok, from biały (“white”) + stok (“slope”).


Asturio

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Asturio.wav

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Kastilio kaj Leono

eo-proper noun

Kastilio kaj Leono (accusative Kastilion kaj Leonon)

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

Castile and León (an autonomous community of Spain)

Ekstremaduro ∙ Kastilio-Manĉo ∙ Madrida Regiono ∙ Kastilio-Manĉo


Madrida Regiono

Madrida Regiono (accusative Madridan Regionon)


Ekstremaduro

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Ekstremaduro.wav

Holonym: Hispanio

Extremadura (an autonomous community of Spain)


Andaluzio

Andalusia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Murcia Regiono

Murcia Regiono (accusative Murcian Regionon)


Valencilando

Holonym: Hispanio


Aragono

Aragon (an autonomous community of Spain)


Rioĥo

La Rioja (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Navaro

Holonyms: Eŭskio, Hispanio

Navarre (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Kantabrio

Cantabria (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Balearoj

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Balearic Islands (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Kanarioj

Canary Islands (an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain)


Novmeksiko

Holonym: Usono

En Usono, la amerika nigra urso estas stata animalo de Luiziano, Novmeksiko kaj Okcidenta Virginio.

In the United States, the American black bear is the state animal of Louisiana, New Mexico, and West Virginia.

New Mexico (a state of the United States)


Kvinslando

Holonym: Aŭstralio


Viktorio

Holonym: Aŭstralio (“Australia”)


Suda Aŭstralio

Suda Aŭstralio (accusative Sudan Aŭstralion)

Holonym: Aŭstralio (“Australia”)


Okcidenta Aŭstralio

Okcidenta Aŭstralio (accusative Okcidentan Aŭstralion)

Holonym: Aŭstralio (“Australia”)

Western Australia (a state of Australia)


Norda Teritorio

Norda Teritorio (accusative Nordan Teritorion)

Holonym: Aŭstralio (“Australia”)

Northern Territory (a federal territory of Australia)


Nord-Koreio

Vizitis en septembro la japana ĉefministro Koizumi la gvidanton de Nord-Koreio, Kim Jong-Il.

c. 2002, Takeo Igarasi, “Forkaptitoj kaptas publikan atenton”, in Monato:

In September the Japanese prime minister Koizumi visited the leader of North Korea, Kim Jong-Il.

Jen tre kurioza sinteno flanke de registaro kruele bezonanta la helpon de Pekino por pritrakti la demandojn pri Nord-Koreio kaj la azi-regiona sekureco.

2003, Philip S. Golub, “Pekino trudiĝas en konvaleska Azio”, in Le Monde diplomatique en Esperanto:

La enmarĉiĝo de la intertraktadoj de la Monda Organizaĵo pri Komerco (MOK), la sakstrato de la irana atomkrizo kaj la surprizaj komplikiĝoj de la intertraktadoj kun Nord-Koreio konfirmas ke Usono, eĉ aliance kun la Eŭropa Unio, jam ne kapablas trudi sian vidpunkton kaj bezonas aliajn partnerojn por solvi la krizojn.

c. 2008, Alain Gresh, “Nova mondo”, in Le Monde diplomatique en Esperanto:

Dum la sama periodo, ĝi estis registrita sub la flagoj de kelkaj landoj, inter ili Urugvajo, Sankta Vincento kaj la Grenadinoj, Nord-Koreio kaj Ekvatora Gvineo.

2013, Jean-Sébastien Mora, “Kiel Bruselo protektas siajn ŝipposedantojn”, in Le Monde diplomatique en Esperanto:

During the same period, it was registered under the flags of several countries, among which Uruguay, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, North Korea and Equatorial Guinea.

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)


Sud-Koreio

South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula)


Papuo-Nov-Gvineo

Holonyms: Aŭstralazio, Komunumo de Nacioj, Nov-Gvineo

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


Kataro

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Franca Gviano

Franca Gviano (accusative Francan Gvianon)

French Guiana
French Guiana#English:_Q3769

administrative region
administrative region

French Guiana (an overseas department and administrative region of France in South America)


Helsinko

From Finnish Helsinki, from Swedish Helsingfors.

Holonym: Finnlando (“Finland”)


Sudano

La negroj de Sudano emfazas la kunligon de hakilo kaj meteorŝtonoj.

1969 May-July, Herman Wohlstein (Malmö), “La Sumer-Akada Dio Anu en la mitoj de kreado”, in Biblia revuo, page 146:

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


Okcidenta Saharo

Okcidenta Saharo (accusative Okcidentan Saharon)

Holonym: (possibly, disputed, de facto) Maroko

Western Sahara
Western Sahara#English:_Q6250

Western Sahara (A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory)


Gvineo Bisaŭa

Gvineo Bisaŭa (accusative Gvineon Bisaŭan)

Guinea-Bissau (a country in West Africa)


Sieraleono

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Ebur-Bordo

Calque of French Côte d’Ivoire, equivalent to eburo (“ivory”) + bordo (“shore”).

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


Ekvatora Gvineo

Ekvatora Gvineo (accusative Ekvatoran Gvineon)

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English:_Q983

Equatorial Guinea (a country in Central Africa)


Respubliko Kongo

eo-head

Respubliko Kongo (accusative Respublikon Kongon)

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English:_Q971

Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Demokratia Respubliko Kongo

eo-proper noun

Demokratia Respubliko Kongo (accusative Demokratian Respublikon Kongon)

Demokratian Respublikon Kongon (accusative)

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Sud-Afriko

From suda (“south”) + Afriko (“Africa”), a calque of English South Africa and Dutch Zuid-Afrika. Compare Afrikaans Suid-Afrika.

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Svazilando

(historical) Swaziland (The former name of Eswatini, a country in Southern Africa)


Somalio

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Burkino

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Centr-Afrika Respubliko

Centr-Afrika Respubliko (accusative Centr-Afrikan Respublikon)

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English:_Q929

Central African Republic (a country in Central Africa)

Respubliko Kongo . Demokratia Respubliko Kongo


Ruando

Ultimately from Rwanda-Rundi u Rwanda. Compare French Rwanda, Italian and German Ruanda, Polish Rwanda, Russian Руа́нда (Ruánda), Yiddish רוואַנדע (rvande).


Gvatemalo

From Spanish Guatemala, from Classical Nahuatl Cuauhtēmallān (from cuauhtēmalli (“woodpile”) + -tlān (“place”)).

der

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Salvadoro

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Kazablanko

Casablanca (the capital city of the region of Casablanca-Settat, Morocco)


Rabato

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


Brita Kolumbio

eo-proper noun

Brita Kolumbio (accusative Britan Kolumbion)

British Columbia
British Columbia#English


Kebekio

Holonym: Kanado


Nov-Skotio

Holonym: Kanado


Insulo de Princo Eduardo

Insulo de Princo Eduardo (accusative Insulon de Princo Eduardo)

Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island#English

Prince Edward Island (a province of Canada)


Novlando kaj Labradoro

Novlando kaj Labradoro (accusative Novlandon kaj Labradoron)

Holonym: Kanado

Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador#English

Newfoundland and Labrador (a province of Canada)


Mikronezio

Micronesia (a geographical region of Oceania)

Micronesia (A country consisting of about 2000 islands in Oceania)


Sri-Lanko

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Diĵono

Dijon (capital of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Burgundy region)


Rio-de-Ĵanejro

Rio de Janeiro (a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

Rio de Janeiro (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


Sud-Sudano

South Sudan (a country in East Africa, formerly the southern part of Sudan)


Majoto

territorial collectivity
territorial collectivity

Mayotte (an archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, formerly an overseas territorial collectivity, located between Africa's mainland and Madagascar)


ĉukĉa

eo-head

ĉukĉa (accusative singular ĉukĉan, plural ĉukĉaj, accusative plural ĉukĉajn)

ĉukĉan (accusative singular)
ĉukĉaj (plural)
ĉukĉajn (accusative plural)

La ĉukĉa glitveturilo (narta) estas tre longa (ĉirkaŭ tri metrojn kaj pli) kaj tre mallarĝa (trionon de metro).

1933, Vasilij Eroŝenko, El vivo de ĉukĉoj, Universala Asocio de Blindul-Organizoj:

The Chukchi sleigh (narta) is very long (around three meters and more) and very narrow (a third of a meter).

Chukchi, relating to or coming from Chukotka


ĉukĉo

ĉukĉo (accusative singular ĉukĉon, plural ĉukĉoj, accusative plural ĉukĉojn)

ĉukĉon (accusative singular)
ĉukĉoj (plural)
ĉukĉojn (accusative plural)

From Russian чу́кча (čúkča), itself borrowed from a Tungusic term derived from Chukchi чавчыв (chauchu), meaning "(a man who is) rich in reindeer".

Kvankam la vilaĝetoj de la indiĝenoj estas disĵetitaj kun distancoj de cent, eĉ de mil kilometroj unu de la aliaj, la ĉukĉoj bonege konas siajn samtundranojn, multe pli bone ol ni konas niajn samvilaĝanojn.

Although the small villages of the natives are far-flung over a distance of a hundred, even a thousand kilometers from one another, the Chukchi know very well their fellow tundra-dwellers, a lot better than we know our neighbors.

Chukchi Peninsula
Chukchi Peninsula#English

Chukchi (indigenous person of the Chukchi Peninsula)


Britujo

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, including Scotland and Wales


Abu-Dabio

From Arabic أَبُو ظَبْي (ʔabū ẓaby, “father of the gazelle”).

der

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Abu Dhabi (an emirate of the United Arab Emirates)

Abu Dhabi (the capital city of the United Arab Emirates; capital city of Abu Dhabi emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Ajuno

From Spanish El Aaiún, from Arabic اَلْعُيُون (al-ʕuyūn, “the springs”).

El Aaiún (the capital city of Western Sahara)


Adamstaŭno

Pitcairn Islands
Pitcairn Islands#English

Adamstown (the capital city of the Pitcairn Islands)


Alĝero

From French Alger, from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

اَلْجَزَائِر


Andoro Malnova

From Catalan Andorra la Vella (“Andorra the Old”).

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella#English

Andorra la Vella (the capital city of Andorra)


Aŝgabato

Ashgabat (the capital city of Turkmenistan)


Asmaro

From Tigrinya ኣስመራ (ʾasmära, “the four made them unite”).


Asunciono

From Spanish Asunción (“assumption (of the Virgin Mary to Heaven)”).


Avaruo

Avarua (a town, the capital city of the Cook Islands)


Bandar-Seri-Begavano

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


Bankoko

Ultimately from Thai บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk).


Bangio

Holonym: Centr-Afrika Respubliko

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English

Bangui (the capital city of the Central African Republic)


Banĵulo

From English Banjul, from Mandinka ߓߊ߲߬ߖߎߟ.


Suda Taravo

eo-head

Suda Taravo (accusative singular Sudan Taravon, plural Sudaj Taravoj, accusative plural Sudajn Taravojn)

Sudan Taravon (accusative singular)
Sudaj Taravoj (plural)
Sudajn Taravojn (accusative plural)

South Tarawa (the capital city of Kiribati)


Bastero

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Basseterre (the capital city of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


Belfasto

From English Belfast, from Irish Béal Feirste (“mouth of the sandbanks”).

der

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

Belfast (the capital city of Northern Ireland)


Biŝkeko

Bishkek (the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


Braziljo

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


Brazavilo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Brazzaville (the capital city of the Republic of the Congo)


Briĝtaŭno

Bridgetown (the capital city of Barbados)


Bonaero

bona + aero, a calque of Spanish Buenos Aires.

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


Buĵumburo

Holonym: Burundo


Ĉarlotamalio

Charlotte Amalie
Charlotte Amalie#English

United States Virgin Islands
United States Virgin Islands#English

Charlotte Amalie (the capital city of the United States Virgin Islands)


Dakaro

Holonym: Senegalo


Ĝibuto

bor

Arabic جِيبُوتِي (jībūtī)


Dodomao

From Gogo Dodoma (literally “it has sunk”).


Doho

From Arabic اَلدَّوْحَة (ad-dawḥa, literally “the big tree”), dialectally pronounced ad-dōḥa.


Duŝanbeo

From Tajik душанбе (dušanbe, “Monday”). Cognate with Persian دوشنبه (došanbe), from دو (do) + شنبه (šanbe), meaning the second day after Saturday.

Holonyms: Taĝikio, Taĝikistano, Taĝikujo

Dushanbe (the capital city of Tajikistan)


Fritaŭno

Freetown (the capital city of Sierra leone)


Gaberono

Holonym: Bocvano


Gvatemalurbo

Calque of Spanish Ciudad de Guatemala (literally “City of Guatemala”), formed from Gvatemalo + urbo.

cal

Holonym: Gvatemalo (“Guatemala”)

Guatemala City (the capital city of Guatemala)


Gustavio

Saint Barthélemy
Saint Barthélemy#English

Gustavia (the capital city of the overseas collectivity of Saint Barthélemy, France)


Hanojo

From Vietnamese Hà Nội, which is a Sino-Vietnamese word 河內 (literally “between rivers”).


Atlanto

Atlanta (the capital city of Georgia, United States)


Aŭstino

Holonym: Teksaso

Austin (the capital city of Texas, United States)


Bojsio

Boise (the capital city of Idaho, United States)


Denvero

Denver (the capital city of Colorado, United States)


Sallaga Urbo

eo-proper noun

Sallaga Urbo (accusative Sallagan Urbon)

Calque of English Salt Lake City, from salo (“salt”) + lago (“lake”) + urbo (“city”).

af

Holonym: Utaho (“Utah”)

Salt Lake City (the capital and largest city of Utah, United States)


Harareo

From English Harare, from Shona [Term?].

Holonym: Zimbabvo


Hargejso

Probably from English Hargeisa, from Arabic هَرْجِيسَا (harjīsā, literally “little Harar”).

der

Hargeisa (the capital city of Somaliland)


Honiaro

Holonym: Salomonoj

Honiara (the capital city of the Solomon Islands)


Salomonoj

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q685

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q148966

Solomon Islands (A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands)

Solomon Islands (An archipelago in Melanesia, split between the countries of the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea)


Jamusukro

Yamoussoukro (the capital city of Ivory Coast)


Jaundeo

Holonym: Kameruno


Ĵamestaŭno

Jamestown (the capital city of Saint Helena)


Kokburno

Turks and Caicos Islands
Turks and Caicos Islands#English

Cockburn Town (the capital city of the Turks and Caicos Islands)


Kampalo

Borrowed from English Kampala, a shortening of Luganda Akasozi ke'Empala, itself a translation of "The Hill of the Impala", a name given by British colonial officers to what is now Kampala Hill.


Katmanduo

Nepali काठमाडौं (kāṭhmāḍa͠u)

Holonym: Nepalo


Katmando

Nepali काठमाडौं (kāṭhmāḍa͠u)

Holonym: Nepalo


Ĥartumo

Either from Arabic خَرْطُوم (ḵarṭūm, “elephant's trunk”) or قُرْطُم (qurṭum, “safflower”).


Kingstono

Kingston (the capital city of Norfolk Island)


Kingstaŭno

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Kingstown (the capital city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)


Kinŝaso

Holonym: Demokratia Respubliko Kongo

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Kinshasa (the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Kuala-Lumpuro

Holonym: Malajzio

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)


Kuvajturbo

Holonym: Kuvajto (“Kuwait”)

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


La-Pazo

From Spanish La Paz (literally “the Peace”).


La-Valo

The Valley (a town, the capital city of Anguilla)


Librevilo

Holonym: Gabono


Lilongvo

Lilongwe (a city, the capital city of Malawi)


Lomeo

Holonym: Togolando


Mamudzo

Mamoudzou (the capital city of the overseas department of Mayotte, France)


Manamo

اَلْمَنَامَة


Manilo

Holonym: Filipinoj

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


Mogadiŝo

Probably from English Mogadishu, from Somali Muqdishu, from Persian مقعد شاه (“Maq’ad-i-šah”, literally “the seat of the Shah”).

Holonym: Somalio


Singapuro

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Marsejlo

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


Nord-Irlando

From norda (“northern”) + Irlando (“Ireland”).

af

Meronym: Belfasto (“Belfast”)


Ŝikago

Alternative form of Ĉikago (“Chicago”), a large city in Illinois, United States


Ŝanĥajo

From Mandarin 上海 (Shànghǎi, literally “Upon-the-Sea”).

bor

Shanghai (a municipality, the largest city in China)


Ŝanhajo

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


San-Francisko

San Francisco (a city in the United States)


Svisujo

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


departemento

eo-head

departemento (accusative singular departementon, plural departementoj, accusative plural departementojn)

departementon (accusative singular)
departementoj (plural)
departementojn (accusative plural)

département (French administrative unit)


Bulonjo-sur-Maro

Boulogne-sur-Mer, location of the first World Congress of Esperanto


Kembriĝo

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Kembriĝo.wav

Phonological borrowing of English Cambridge, from Old English Grante bryċġ, Granta-briċġ, Grantanbryċġ (“Granta-bridge”), of mixed Celtic and Germanic origin.

Middlesex County
Middlesex County#English

Cambridge (a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States)


Vaŝingtono

Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.#English

Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)


Hago

Direct origin unclear. Ultimately from Dutch Den Haag.

The Hague (a city, the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Prago

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Nurnbergo

Nuremberg (a major city in Bavaria, Germany)


Nurenbergo

Alternative form of Nurnbergo (“Nuremberg”), a major city in Bavaria, Germany


Kolonjo

From French Cologne, from Latin Colōnia Agrippīna (“Agrippine Colony”). Doublet of kolonio.

der

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Munkeno

Munich (the capital and largest city of Bavaria, Germany)


Portlando

Portland (the largest city in Oregon, United States)

Portland (the largest city in Maine, United States)


Rejkjaviko

Reykjavík (the capital and largest city of Iceland)


Lucerno

Lucerne (the capital city of the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland)


Vankuvero

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

Vancouver (a seaport, the largest city in British Columbia, Canada)

Vancouver (a city, the county seat of Clark County, Washington, United States)


Aŭgsburgo

Augsburg (a city in Bavaria, in southern Germany)


Valencio

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain)

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


Florenco

Florence (the capital city of Tuscany, Italy)


Jokohamo

Borrowed from Japanese 横(よこ)浜(はま) (Yokohama).

Yokohama (the capital and largest city of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


Lillo

French Lille (see there for more), from Old French l'Isle (“the Island”), ultimately from Latin īnsula (“island”).

Lille (the capital city of the Nord department, France; capital city of the region of Hauts-de-France)


Bahamoj

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Afganujo

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


arondismento

eo-head

arondismento (accusative singular arondismenton, plural arondismentoj, accusative plural arondismentojn)

arondismenton (accusative singular)
arondismentoj (plural)
arondismentojn (accusative plural)

a district, especially an arrondissement


Prusio

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Prusio.wav


Kabo-Verdo

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Nimego

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Nimego.wav


Zuriko

Zurich (the capital city of Zurich canton, Switzerland)


Antigvo-Barbudo

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Antigua and Barbuda (a country in the Caribbean)


Korko

Borrowed from English Cork, from Irish Corcaigh.


Katalunujo

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Maŭricio

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Komoroj

From French Comores, from Arabic قمر (qamar).

Union of the Comoros
Union of the Comoros

Comoros (A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa)

Comoros (an archipelago consisting of the Union of the Comoros and the French overseas department of Mayotte)


Fiĝioj

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Almato

Almaty (largest city and former capital of Kazakhstan)


Andaluzujo

Andalusia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Badaĥozo

Badajoz (a province of Extremadura, Spain)

“Badaĥozo atendas vin! [Badajoz is waiting for you!]”, in Kontakto [Contact] (in Esperanto), number 1, Universala Esperanto-Asocio, 2018 January, →ISSN, page 22 of 24: “Kial ĉi tiu urbo tiom multe deziras renkonti vin? Simple ĉar Badaĥozo havos la honoron gastigi la 74-an IJK-n de TEJO inter la 4-a kaj la 11-a de aŭgusto 2018.”

Badajoz (a city, the provincial capital of Badajoz, Spain)


Svisio

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Frislando

From friso (“a Frisian person”) + lando (“land”), calque of Dutch Friesland and West Frisian Fryslân.

af

Friesland (a province of the Netherlands)


Gelderlando

Gelderland (a province of the Netherlands)


Teherano

Panoramo de Teherano nokte


Vanuatuo

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Bruĝo

Borrowed from French Bruges, from Old French, from Old Dutch Bruges, Bruggas, Brugias, probably from brugga (“bridge”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ; + -o.

Bruges (the capital city of West Flanders province, Belgium)


Marakeŝo

Marrakech (the capital city of the Marrakesh-Safi region, Morocco)


Ĝenovo

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, Italy)


Nord-Makedonio

North Macedonia
North Macedonia#English:_Q221

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

North Macedonia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Kirgizistano

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


Norda Koreio

eo-proper noun

Norda Koreio (accusative Nordan Koreion)

Synonym of Nord-Koreio (“North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)”).


San-Paŭlo

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


Gento

Ghent, capital city of the province of East Flanders, Belgium.


Viĥeno

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-Viĥeno.wav


Utreĥto

Utrecht (a city and capital of Utrecht, Netherlands)


Groningo

From Dutch Groningen and/or French Groningue.

La problemo, kiun s-ro Velasco identigis, havas nomon : la „nederlanda malsano”, asociita kun la malkovro de la plej granda kuŝejo de natura gaso en la mondo en la nederlanda provinco Groningo, en la nordo de la lando, fine de la 1950-aj jaroj.

2014 September 16, Christophe Ventura, translated by Vilhelmo Lutermano, Le Monde diplomatique:

The problem, which Mr. Velasco identified, has a name: the "Dutch disease", associated with the discovery of the largest natural gas field in the world in the Dutch province Groningen, in the north of the country, in the late 1950s.

Groningen (a province of the Netherlands).

La ŝtlatministro^([sic – meaning ŝtatministro]) Panhuis dronas apud Groningo.

1907 November 27, “Tutmonda Kroniko”, in Esperanto, number 20, Universala Esperanto-Asocio, page 3:

The state minister Panhuis drowns near Groningen.

Estis insulanoj de Texel, Schiermonnikoog kaj Wieringen, loĝantoj el Amsterdamo, Alkmaro, Arnhemo, Apeldorno, Horno, Groningo, kaj neforgesu^([sic – meaning ne forgesu]) West-Graftdijk.

1932 November 15, Nieuwe Apeldoornsche courant, page 11:

There were islanders from Texel, Schiermonnikoog and Wieringen, residents from Amsterdam, Alkmaar, Arnhem, Apeldoorn, Hoorn, Groningen, and don't forget West-Graftdijk.

Bob Venhuizen (naskighis la 9-an de aprilo 1957 en Groningo, mortis la 26-an de septembro 2020 en Roterdamo) estis nederlanda esperantisto.

2021 January 16, “Forpasoj”, in Esperanto, number 1353, Universala Esperanto-Asocio, page 23:

Bob Venhuizen (born 9 April 1957 in Groningen, died 26 September 2020 in Rotterdam) was a Dutch Esperantist.

Groningen (a city and capital of Groningen, Netherlands).


Abĥazio

From abĥazo (“Abkhaz person”) + -io (“country”).

suffix

Abkhazia (a region and unrecognised country in Georgia, Caucasus)


Rasalĥajmo

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Ras al-Khaimah (an emirate of the United Arab Emirates)

Ras al-Khaimah (the capital city of Ras al-Khaimah emirate, United Arab Emirates)


Ĥarkovo

Kharkiv, Kharkov (an oblast in eastern Ukraine)


Akeno

Aachen (a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)


Misisipo

Borrowed from English Mississippi, itself borrowed from Ojibwe ᒥᓯᓰᐱ (misi-ziibi, “great river”).

Holonym: Usono

Mississippi (a state of the United States)


Reunio

administrative region
administrative region

Réunion (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar)


Priŝtino

Pristina (the capital and largest city of Kosovo)


Adis-Abebo

Derived from Amharic አዲስ አበባ (ʾädis ʾäbäba, “new flower”).

der

Addis Ababa (the capital city of Ethiopia)


Magrebo

Derived from Arabic مَغْرِب (maḡrib, literally “where the sun sets, the West”).


Portoprinco

Port-au-Prince (the capital city of Haiti)


Malsupra Saksio

eo-proper noun

Malsupra Saksio (accusative Malsupran Saksion)

See malsupra (“lower”) + Saksio (“Saxony”).


Detrojto

From English Detroit, from French détroit (“strait”).

Holonym: Miĉigano (“Michigan”)

Detroit (the capital city of Michigan, United States)


Klevlando

Holonym: Ohio

Cleveland (a city in Ohio, United States)


Providenco

Borrowed from English Providence, from providence (“protective care of God or nature”), ultimately from Latin prōvidentia (“precaution, foresight”).

der

Providence (the capital city of Rhode Island, United States)


Paŭtuketo

From English Pawtucket, from Narragansett pautokot ("at the river's falls").

Holonym: Rod-Insulo (“Rhode Island”)

Pawtucket (a city in Rhode Island, United States)


Manhatano

From English Manhattan; ultimately from Unami or Munsee, two indigenous languages of the region.

Manhattan (a borough of New York City, New York, United States)


Kvinzo

Phonological borrowing of English Queens.

Queens (a borough of New York City, New York, United States)


Broklino

Borrowed from English Brooklyn, from Dutch Breukelen.

Brooklyn (a borough of New York City, New York, United States)


Polio

Meronyms: Bjalistoko, Varsovio


Tajpeo

zh-l

臺北／台北 (Táiběi)


Honoluluo

From Hawaiian Honolulu, from hono (“bay, harbor”) + lulu (“shelter”).

Honolulu (capital and largest city of Hawaii, United States)


Napolo

From Italian Napoli, from Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polĭs, literally “new city”).

der

Naples (a province and city in Campania, Italy)


Nejŝaburo

Borrowed from Persian نیشابور (neyšâbur).


Dominika Respubliko

eo-proper noun

Dominika Respubliko (accusative Dominikan Respublikon)

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Dominican Republic (a country in the Caribbean)


Maldeno

From English Malden, Maldon, from Old English Mældūn, from mǣl (“cross, monument, sign”) + dūn (“hill, mountain”).

Malden (a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States)


Kimrujo

kimro (“Welsh person”) + -ujo (“country of”)


Galivo

Galway (the capital city of County Galway, Ireland)


Groningeno

Ili necesis pro la daŭra malaltiĝo de la tero, kio estas sekvo de la elfosado de gaso en la nordo de la provinco Groningeno.

They were necessary due to continued lowering of the ground, which is a consequence of the drilling for gas in the north of the province of Groningen.

Groningen (a province of the Netherlands).

La ligon kreis Fred de Geus, juna programisto de la malsanulejo en Groningeno, Nederlando.

The league was made by Fred de Geus, a young programmer from the hospital in Groningen, the Netherlands.

Ĉar ŝi decidis ne reveturi al Groningeno laŭ la sama vojo, la hejmenveturado iĝis interesa aventuro.

Because she decided not to drive back to Groningen along the same route, the drive home became an interesting adventure.

ŝi iniciatis ke estu voĉlegado kaj trovis helpon el la Groningena grupo [urbo el Nederlando].

2018, S. Besenyei-Merger, “Rob Moerbeek - La provleganto de Esperantujo”, in Kontakto, number 285:

She initiated there to be a reading and found help from the group from Groningen [a city from the Netherlands].

Groningen (a city and capital of Groningen, Netherlands).


Lankaŝiro

La koton-teksaĵoj kiujn Lankaŝiro (Anglio) eksportas al Hindio en tiom grandaj kvantoj ne estas grave en danĝero pro konkurenco ĉe Hindio, ĉar oni fabrikis en Hindio ĝis nun, nur la malbonkvalitajn teksaĵojn, kiuj trovas bonan merkaton en sia propra lando.

1925 November 26, “Industrialismo penetras Orienten”, in Sennaciulo, 2nd year, number 9 (61), page 4, column 3:

Sir W. Joynson Hicks (mondfamaĉa pro persekuto kontraŭ K. P.-anoj malkaŝe klarigis la kialon de la almilito de Hindio en sia parolado, citita en “Daily News“ (17. X. 1925): “[…] Ni tenadas tiun landon kiel bona elirejo por varoj britaj ĝenerale kaj por katunvaroj el Lankaŝiro (industria distrikto brita) speciale.“

1926 January, Mark Starr, “Kial kaj Kiel Britoj Venkis Hindion”, in Sennacieca Revuo, year III/VII. 4 N-o (28), page 68:

Malgranda ekspozicio pri la uzo de Esperanto kiel pontlingvo inter elementaj lernejoj en Nelson, Lankaŝiro, kaj Nagojo, Japanujo, meritis belajn kadrojn por la belaj japanaj infanaj bildoj; […]

1968 June, “La 52-a Brita Kongreso de Esperanto, Manĉestro, Pasko, 1968”, in The British Esperantist, number 745, London: The British Esperantist Association (Inc.), page 355, column 1:

En unu fronto de nur 1.800 metroj, la 42-a brigado de Lankaŝiro uzadis kvin mil sakojn da betono, 20.000 da ŝtonoj kaj 10.000 da sablo por konstrui nur unu rezervo-tranĉeon.

2014 October, “La milito de la soldatoj en Eŭropo”, in Heleco, number 90, Astura Esperanta Asocio, page 28:

Between 1848 and 1868 there seem to have been no translations apart from a Swedish version, probably published at the end of 1848, and an English one in 1850, significant in the bibliographical history of the Manifesto only because the translator seems to have consulted Marx – or (since she lived in Lancashire) more probably Engels.

2015, Eric Hobsbawm, “Enkonduko [Introduction]”, in Karlo Markso [Karl Marx], Frederiko Engelso [Friedrich Engels], translated by Vilhelmo Lutermano, Manifesto de la Komunista Partio [Manifesto of the Communist Party], Monda Asembleo Socia [World Social Assembly], →ISBN, chapter 1, page 11:

La familio, kune kun fratino Sheila, translokiĝis al Ashton-in-Makerfield, Lankaŝiro en 1929, kiam la patro enposteniĝis kiel lernejestro tie.

2017 spring, Tim Owen, “Katelina Halo”, in La Brita Esperantisto, number 982, page 54:


Vaŝintono

Washington, D.C. (the capital city of the United States)


Vaŝintonio

Holonym: Usono

Washington (a state of the United States)


Mumbajo

Mumbai (a megacity, the capital of Maharashtra, India)


Bejĝingo

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Esvatinio

Eswatini (a country in Southern Africa, formerly called Swaziland)