breeze

breezes (plural)
brize (alternative)
briess (alternative)

From the earlier (nautical) term brise, brize (“breeze”), from Middle English brees (“wind”). Ultimate origin obscure.
Variously supposed to derive from a Germanic source like Saterland Frisian Briese (“breeze”), West Frisian brys (“a cool wind”), Dutch bries (“breeze”), early Dutch brysen (“to blow cool and fresh”), or from Spanish brisa (“northeast wind”).
The earliest attestations are in Middle English brees (1460), Catalan brisa, and Italian brezza (all in 15th century), with Spanish (1504) and Portuguese briza (16th century) following closely after. The aforementioned Dutch cognates and French brise, however, are attested later than the term in English. The only internal hypothesis for any of those languages is a modification of Old Occitan bisa (“strong wind”), which is not widely accepted.
Compare also Albanian breshër (“hail”).

unk

obscure

(cricket) Wind blowing across a cricket match, whatever its strength.


table

tables (plural)
tyebble (alternative Geordie)

→ Assamese: টেবুল (tebul)

→ Bengali: টেবিল (ṭebil)

→ Gujarati: ટેબલ (ṭebal)

→ Japanese: テーブル (tēburu)

→ Korean: 테이블 (teibeul)

→ Maori: tēpu

→ Nepali: टेबुल (ṭebul)

→ Odia: ଟେବଲ୍ (ṭebal)

→ Sylheti: ꠐꠦꠛꠥꠟ (ṭebul)

→ Telugu: టేబులు (ṭēbulu)

Inherited from Middle English table, tabel, tabil, tabul, from Old English tabele, tabul, tablu, tabule, tabula (“board”); also as tæfl, tæfel, an early Germanic borrowing of Latin tabula (“tablet, board, plank, chart”). The sense of “piece of furniture” is from Old French table, of same Latin origin; Old English used bēod or bord instead for this meaning: see board. Doublet of tabula and tavla.

der

(countable) Furniture with a top surface to accommodate a variety of uses.

(backgammon) One half of a backgammon board, which is divided into the inner and outer table.


diamond

en-noun

diamond (countable and uncountable, plural diamonds)

From Middle English dyamaunt, from Old French diamant, from Late Latin diamās, from Latin adamās, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμᾱς (adámās, “diamond”). Doublet of adamant. The printing sense is a calque of Dutch diamant, used by Dirck Voskens who first cut it around 1700; compare pearl, ruby (“size of type between pearl and nonpareil”).

der

(baseball) The entire field of play used in the game.

The teams met on the diamond.

(baseball) The infield of a baseball field.

I have only one diamond in my hand.

(card games) A card of the diamonds suit.


collapse

en-verb

collapse (third-person singular simple present collapses, present participle collapsing, simple past and past participle collapsed)

collapses (present singular third-person)
collapsing (participle present)
collapsed (participle past)
collapsed (past)

From Latin collāpsus (past participle of collābor).

(intransitive, cricket) To suffer a batting collapse.


collapse

en-noun

collapse (countable and uncountable, plural collapses)

batting collapse
batting collapse#English


anaconda

/ˌænəˈkɒndə/

From New Latin anacandaia (“python”) [originally referring to a species of constrictor found in Sri Lanka, from Sinhalese හෙනකඳයා (henakaⁿdayā, “whip snake”), from හෙන (hena, “lightning, thunderbolt”) + කඳ (kaⁿda, “stem, trunk, body”) or from Tamil ஆனைக்கொன்றான் (āṉaikkoṉṟāṉ, “having killed an elephant”), from ஆனை (āṉai, “elephant”) + கொன்றான் (koṉṟāṉ, “having killed”).

der

ஆனைக்கொன்றான்

(card games) A particular variety of stud poker.


top

en-noun

top (countable and uncountable, plural tops)

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

suprulo

BDSM: dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay

one's elevator doesn't go all the way to the top

The highest or uppermost part of something.

(baseball) The first half of an inning, during which the home team fields and the visiting team bats.

(golf, cue sports, racquet sports) A stroke on the top of the ball.

What is wanted is just the reverse - i.e top or overspin, which causes the ball to revolve in the direction in which it is going.

1886, E.T.Sachs, The Boys Own Annual: Lawn-Tennis of the Present, volume 9, page 778:

(golf, cue sports, racquet sports) A forward spin given to the ball by hitting it on or near the top; topspin.


wag

en-verb

wag (third-person singular simple present wags, present participle wagging, simple past and past participle wagged)

wags (present singular third-person)
wagging (participle present)
wagged (participle past)
wagged (past)

From Middle English waggen, probably from Old English wagian (“to wag, wave, shake”) with reinforcement from Old Norse vaga (“to wag, waddle”); both from Proto-Germanic *wagōną (“to wag”). Related to English way.
The verb may be regarded as an iterative or emphatic form of waw (verb), which is often nearly synonymous; it was used, e.g., of a loose tooth. Parallel formations from the same root are the Old Norse vagga feminine, cradle (Swedish vagga, Danish vugge), Swedish vagga (“to rock a cradle”), vugge (“to rock a cradle”), Dutch wagen (“to move”), early modern German waggen (dialectal German wacken) to waver, totter. Compare waggle, verb

inh

The tail wagged.

(intransitive, cricket, slang) Of the tail (lower order of the batting lineup): to score more runs than expected.


ton

→ Tokelauan: tone, tane

Variant of tun (“cask”), influenced by Old French tonne (“ton”).

ton

various units of mass notionally equivalent to a tun

(colloquial, chiefly UK) Synonym of hundred, particularly

Synonym of hundred, particularly
100 points.

Synonym of hundred, particularly
100 runs.


lady

⇒ Afrikaans: haar ladyskap

→ Arabic: لِيدِي (līdī)

Egyptian Arabic: ليدي (lēdī)

→ Belarusian: лэ́дзі (lédzi)

→ Bulgarian: ле́йди (léjdi)

→ French: lady

→ German: Lady

→ Greek: λαίδη (laídi), λέδη (lédi)

→ Italian: lady

→ Japanese: レディ (redi), レディー (redī)

→ Korean: 레이디 (reidi)

→ Latvian: lēdija

→ Macedonian: леди (ledi)

→ Polish: lady

→ Romanian: lady

→ Russian: ле́ди (lédi)

→ Spanish: lady

→ Swedish: lady

→ Tongan: leitī

→ Ukrainian: ле́ді (lédi)

→ Volapük: läd

From Middle English lady, laddy, lafdi, lavedi, from Old English hlǣfdīġe (“mistress of a household, wife of a lord, lady”, literally “bread-kneader”), from hlāf (“bread, loaf”) + dīġe (“kneader”), related to Old English dǣġe (“maker of dough”) (whence dey (“dairymaid”)). Compare also lord. More at loaf, dairy, dough. Unrelated to lad.

nais-

with a professional title: who is a woman


marriage

en-noun

marriage (countable and uncountable, plural marriages)

marriages (plural)
mariage (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English mariage, from Old French mariage, from marier (“to marry”), from Latin marītō (“marry”, verb, literally “give in marriage”), from marītus (“lover”, “nuptial”), from mas (“male, masculine, of the male sex”). Equivalent to marry + -age. Doublet of maritage. Displaced native Old English sinsċipe.

der

marriage by cohabitation with habit and repute

(card games) A king and a queen, when held as a hand in some versions of poker or melded in pinochle.

(card games) In solitaire or patience games, the placing a card of the same suit on the next one above or below it in value.


rapid

Borrowed from Middle French rapide and its etymon Latin rapidus.

In these rapid games we had just twenty-five minutes each to make all our moves, a far cry from traditional chess, where games can last up to seven hours.

2010, Garry Kasparov, How Life Imitates Chess, page 41:

In order to avoid misunderstanding, I must note that I object to the attempts to displace normal chess with fast play, not rapid or blitz in general. I love them both, and, if I were to choose which to play, classic or rapid, I would choose rapid.

2015, Mark Dvoretsky, For Friends and Colleagues, volume 2 (Reflections on My Profession):

I haven’t played against Wesley So—I’ve played him a bunch online in rapid games, but not in classical rounds.

2022 September 2, Nitish Pahwa, Magnus Carlsen (quoted), “The World’s Greatest Chess Player Cannot Wait to Battle His Young, Rising Rivals”, in Slate:


Eskimo

en-noun

Eskimo (plural Eskimo or Eskimos or Eskimoes)

Eskimo (plural)
Eskimos (plural)
Eskimoes (plural)
Eskimau (alternative)
Esquimau (alternative)
Esquimaux (alternative)
Esquimo (alternative)

Attested since 1584, from French Esquimau, ultimately from an Old Montagnais term. Ives Goddard's theory, accepted by most linguists today, is that it derives from Montagnais ayaškimew (“snowshoe-netter”). An older theory, defended by John Steckley due to its greater acceptance in Native oral traditions, but discredited by linguists, is that it derives from a term meaning "eater(s) of raw meat".
Details.
* The theory most accepted among linguists today is that it derives from ayaškimew (“snowshoe-netter”) (compare Montagnais assime·w (“she laces a snowshoe”), Ojibwe ashkime (“s/he nets snowshoes”)), a term applied to the Mi'kmaq and apparently later transferred to the Labrador Inuit.
* An older theory derives it from a term meaning "eaters of raw meat"; compare Cree askamiciw (“s/he eats it raw”) (Inuit are referred to in some Cree texts as askipiw, "eats something raw"). John Steckley argues in favor of this theory because of its greater acceptance in native oral traditions, and because the Huron, historical allies and trading partners of the Montagnais who loan-translated many names, also denote the Inuit using terms (e.g. Lorette Huron ok8ch iechronnon, Wyandot ok8chtronnon, both including -ok8ch- "to be raw") meaning "people of the raw", "people who eat something raw".
In 1978, Montagnais-speaking Quebec anthropologist Jose Mailhot alternatively suggested Eskimo meant "people who speak a different language", but Steckley considers her theory unlikely.
The term may have entered English via Spanish esquimao, esquimal (used by Basque fishermen in Labrador).

cog

(Canadian football, historical) A team member of the Canadian Football League's Edmonton Eskimos. (Obsolete as of 2020 with the team dropping this name in favour of Elks in 2021.)


passer

(sports) Someone who passes, someone who makes a pass.

(American football) A football player who makes a forward pass, who may be (but not limited to) the quarterback.


draft

en-noun

draft (countable and uncountable, plural drafts)

A phonetic spelling of draught (compare laughter), from Middle English draught, draght (“that which is pulled; that which is drawn up, a design”), from Old English *dreaht, *dræht, from Proto-West Germanic *drahti, *drahtu, from Proto-Germanic *drahtuz (“a pulling, drawing”), equivalent to draw (“to draw, drag”) + -t. Cognate with Dutch dracht, German Tracht, Icelandic dráttur.

inh

(gaming) A style of play in collectible card games, where players select from a shared pool of cards.


draft

en-verb

draft (third-person singular simple present drafts, present participle drafting, simple past and past participle drafted)

drafts (present singular third-person)
drafting (participle present)
drafted (participle past)
drafted (past)
draught (alternative)

подбирам

to select someone for a particular role or purpose

(gaming) To play a collectible card game by selecting from a shared pool of cards.


traveller

travellers (plural)
traveler (alternative US)

From Middle English traveler, travelour, travailere, travailour (“worker", also "traveller”), equivalent to travel + -er. Compare Anglo-Norman travailur, travailour, Old French travailleor, travelleeur, travelier.

At the conclusion of play, the scores from all the travelers get entered into a computer.

2008, David Galt, Teach Yourself VISUALLY Bridge, →ISBN, page 263:

(bridge) A sheet of paper that is circulated with the board of cards, on which players record their scores.


exotic

en-adj

exotic (comparative more exotic, superlative most exotic)

more exotic (comparative)
most exotic (superlative)

Borrowed from Middle French exotique, from Latin exōticus, from Ancient Greek ἐξωτικός (exōtikós, “foreign”, literally “from the outside”), from ἐξω- (exō-, “outside”), from ἐξ (ex, “out of”).

مجلوب

foreign, with the connotation of excitingly foreign

(gambling) Being or relating to various wagers, such as the trifecta, that involve betting on the finishing positions of multiple competitors across one or more races.


guard

guards (plural)
gard (alternative obsolete)
garde (alternative obsolete)
guarde (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English garde, from early Middle French or late Old French guarde (“a guardian, warden, keeper”) (whence modern French garde), from the verb guarder. Doublet of garda, which is from Irish.

(basketball) A relatively short player, playing farther from the basket than a forward or centre.

(cricket) The position on the popping crease where a batsman makes a mark to align himself with the wicket; see take guard.

(American football) Either of two offensive positions between the centre and each of the offensive tackles, whose main responsibilities are to protect the quarterback, and open up "holes" through which offensive players can run.


sheet

From Middle English schete; partly from Old English sċīete (“a sheet, a piece of linen cloth”); partly from Old English sċēata (“a corner, angle; the lower corner of a sail, sheet”); and Old English sċēat (“a corner, angle”); all from Proto-Germanic *skautijǭ, *skautaz (“corner, wedge, lap”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to throw, shoot, pursue, rush”).
Cognate with North Frisian skut (“the fold of a garment, lap, coattail”), West Frisian skoat (“sheet; sail; lap”), Dutch schoot (“the fold of a garment, lap, sheet”), German Low German Schote (“a line from the foot of a sail”), German Schoß (“the fold of a garment, lap”), Swedish sköt (“sheet”), Icelandic skaut (“the corner of a cloth, a line from the foot of a sail, the skirt or sleeve of a garment, a hood”).

cog

(curling) The area of ice on which the game of curling is played.


dragon

→ Fijian: drekoni

→ Japanese: ドラゴン (doragon)

desc

→ Korean: 드래곤 (deuraegon), 드래건 (deuraegeon)

→ Marathi: ड्रॅगन (ḍrĕgan)

→ Marshallese: tūrāikōn

→ Niuean: tarākoni

→ Swahili: dragoni

→ Tamil: டிராகன் (ṭirākaṉ)

→ Yoruba: dírágónì

From Middle English dragoun, borrowed from Old French dragon, from Latin dracō(n), from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn, “a serpent of huge size, a python, a dragon”), probably from δέρκομαι (dérkomai, “I see clearly”). Mostly displaced Old English draca (whence modern drake)—from the same Latin source, as are Draco, dracone, and dragoon.

taniwha

Maori mythological creature similar to a dragon

(mahjong) A class of playing tiles consisting of three types: white dragons, green dragons, and red dragons.


centaur

From Latin centaurus, from Ancient Greek κένταυρος (kéntauros), from Κένταυρος (Kéntauros, “a member of a savage race from Thessaly”).

This was not Kasparov's approach. Instead of rejecting the machines, he returned the year after his defeat to Deep Blue with a different kind of chess, which he called ‘Advanced Chess’. Other names for Advanced Chess include ‘cyborg’ and ‘centaur’ chess.

2018, James Bridle, New Dark Age: Technology, Knowledge and the End of the Future, Verso Books, →ISBN, page 159:

(chess) A chess-playing team comprising a human player and a computer who work together.


cannon

en-noun

cannon (countable and uncountable, plural cannons or (mainly UK) cannon)

cannons (plural)
cannon (UK mainly plural)

Attested from around 1400 as Middle English canon, canoun, from Old French canon, from Italian cannone, from Latin canna, from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of canyon. This spelling was not fixed until about 1800.

In English billiards, a cannon is when one’s cue ball strikes the other player’s cue ball and the red ball on the same shot; and it is worth two points.

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) A carom.

He’s got a cannon out in right.

(baseball, figuratively, informal) The arm of a player who can throw well.

(xiangqi) A piece which moves horizontally and vertically like a rook but captures another piece by jumping over a different piece in the line of attack.


cannon

en-verb

cannon (third-person singular simple present cannons, present participle cannoning, simple past and past participle cannoned)

cannons (present singular third-person)
cannoning (participle present)
cannoned (participle past)
cannoned (past)

The white cannoned off the red onto the pink.

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) To play the carom billiard shot; to strike two balls with the cue ball.


sacrifice

en-noun

sacrifice (countable and uncountable, plural sacrifices)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k-
Proto-Italic *sakros
Latin sacer
Latin sacrum
Proto-Italic *fakjō
Latin facio
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ium
Latin sacrificiumlbor.
Old French sacrifisebor.
Middle English sacrifice
English sacrifice
From Middle English sacrifice (“act of offering a life or object to a deity; the life or object so offered; (Christianity) act of consecrating the elements in the mass”), from Anglo-Norman sacrefiz, and Old French sacrifice, sacrifise (modern French sacrifice), from Latin sacrificium (“something offered to a deity, sacrifice”), from sacrum (“sacrifice, sacrificial rite”) + faciō (“to do, to make”) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). The noun sacrum is the nominalized neuter of the adjective sacer (“devoted to a deity for sacrifice; holy, sacred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“ceremony, ritual; to make sacred”), and the verb faciō is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). Related Latin formations include sacrificus (“of or pertaining to sacrifice, sacrificial”) and sacrificō (“to make a sacrifice”).
Cognates
* Italian sagrifizio
* Occitan sacrifici
* Portuguese sacrificio
* Spanish sacrificio

der

(baseball) Ellipsis of sacrifice bunt or sacrifice hit (“a play in which the batter intentionally hits the ball softly with a hands-spread batting stance at the cost of an out to advance one or more runners”).

sacrifice bunt or sacrifice hit

(bridge) In full sacrifice bid: a bid of a contract which is unlikely to be fulfilled, that a player makes in the hope that they will incur fewer penalty points than the points likely to be gained by opponents in making their contract.

uhraus

(bridge) bid of a contract which is unlikely to be fulfilled

(chess) An act of intentionally allowing one's piece to be captured by the opponent in order to improve one's position in the game.

uhraus

(chess) act of intentionally allowing one’s piece to be captured by the opponent


sacrifice

en-verb

sacrifice (third-person singular simple present sacrifices, present participle sacrificing, simple past and past participle sacrificed)

sacrifices (present singular third-person)
sacrificing (participle present)
sacrificed (participle past)
sacrificed (past)
sacrifice (infinitive)
sacrifice (first-person present singular)
sacrificed (first-person past singular)
sacrifice (present second-person singular)
sacrificest (archaic present second-person singular)
sacrificed (past second-person singular)
sacrificedst (archaic past second-person singular)
sacrifices (present singular third-person)
sacrificeth (archaic present singular third-person)
sacrificed (past singular third-person)
sacrifice (plural present)
sacrificed (past plural)
sacrifice (present subjunctive)
sacrificed (past subjunctive)
sacrifice (imperative present)
sacrificing (participle present)
sacrificed (participle past)

From Middle English sacrificen (“to offer a sacrifice to a deity”), from sacrifice (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).

flijoj

(transitive) to offer (a human being or an animal, or an object) to a deity; (transitive) to offer a human being or an animal, or an object, to a deity

(baseball) Of a batter: to advance (one or more runners on base) by batting the ball so it can be fielded, placing the batter out but with insufficient time to put the runner(s) out.

sacrificar-se

(baseball, transitive) of a batter: to advance (one or more runners on base) by batting the ball so it can be fielded; (intransitive) to bat the ball so that it can be fielded

(chess) To intentionally allow (a piece) to be captured by the opponent in order to improve one's position in the game.

жертвам

(chess) to intentionally allow (a piece) to be captured by the opponent in order to improve one’s position in the game

(baseball) Of a batter: to bat the ball so that it can be fielded, placing the batter out but allowing one or more runners on base to advance.

(bridge) To make a bid of a contract which is unlikely to be fulfilled, in the hope that that the player will incur fewer penalty points than the points likely to be gained by opponents in making their contract.

uhrata

(bridge) to make a bid of a contract which is unlikely to be fulfilled


keystone

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-keystone.wav

From key + stone.
Definition 4 (retail) possibly originated in the jewelry industry in the magazine called "Jewelers' Circular-Keystone".

(baseball) The combination of the shortstop and second baseman.


iso

en-noun

iso (countable and uncountable, plural isos)

“I can remember lining up against them and saying, ‘This is the 15th iso that you’re going to get.’ ”

2007 January 5, Pete Thamel, quoting Greg Mattison, “Scoreboard Shows This Isn't the Same Old Ohio State”, in New York Times:

(American football, basketball) An isolation play in basketball or American football.


IP

IP (countable and uncountable, plural IPs)

(baseball, countable, invariant) Initialism of innings pitched (“the statistic reporting the number of innings pitched by a pitcher”).


hutch

From Middle English hucche (“storage chest”), variation of whucce, from Old English hwiċe, hwiċċe (“box, chest”). Spelling influenced by Old French huche (“chest”), from Medieval Latin hūtica, from a different Germanic root, from Frankish *hutta, from Proto-Germanic *hudjō, *hudjǭ (“box, hut, hutch”). Akin to Old English hȳdan (“to conceal; hide”). More at hide, hut.
(cricket pavilion or dressing room): An extension of the rabbit metaphor.

(cricket, slang) The pavilion or dressing room.


kip

Unknown. Perhaps related to Yorkshire and Lincolnshire dialect kep, to toss up into the air. Or else, perhaps related to German Kippe (“stub”).

Again Turk placed the pennies on the kip. He took his time, deliberate over the small action, held the kip for a long breathless moment, then jerked his wrist and the pennies were in the air.

1951, Jon Cleary, The Sundowners, published 1952, page 208:

Money was laid on the floor for bets on the heads or tails finish of two pennies tossed high into the air from a small wooden kip.

2003, Gilbert Buchanan, Malco Polia - Traveller, Warrior, page 52:

Jack discarded a length of wood, two twists of wire, his two-up kip and a spanner.

2010, Colin McLaren, Sunflower: A Tale of Love, War and Intrigue, page 101:

(Australia, games, two-up) A piece of flat wood used to throw the coins in a game of two-up.


poke

From Middle English poken, perhaps from Middle Dutch poken or Middle Low German poken, both from Proto-West Germanic *pukōn or similar, which is itself of uncertain origin, but may be from an imitative Proto-Germanic root *puk-. Doublet of poach.

onomatopoeic

imitative

better than a poke in the eye with a burnt stick

better than a poke in the eye with a rusty nail

better than a poke in the eye with a sharp stick

better than a poke in the eye with a shitty stick

(baseball, slang) A hit, especially an extra base hit.


worm

From Middle English worm, werm, wurm, wirm, from Old English wyrm (“worm, snake”), from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis, possibly from *wer- (“to turn”). Doublet of vermin and wyrm, the latter of which is a fairly recent borrowing directly from the Old English.
(computing): First computer usage by John Brunner in his 1975 book The Shockwave Rider.
Cognates
Germanic cognates include Dutch worm, West Frisian wjirm, German Wurm, Swedish orm (“snake”), Norwegian Nynorsk orm (“earthworm or snake”), Danish orm and Yiddish וואָרעם (vorem).
Indo-European cognates include Latin vermis (“worm”), Lithuanian var̃mas (“insect, midge”), Albanian rrime (“rainworm”), Ancient Greek ῥόμος (rhómos, “woodworm”).

шнек

something helical, especially the thread of a screw

(cricket) A graphical representation of the total runs scored across a number of overs.


seed

en-verb

seed (third-person singular simple present seeds, present participle seeding, simple past and past participle seeded)

seeds (present singular third-person)
seeding (participle present)
seeded (participle past)
seeded (past)
sede (alternative obsolete)

]
From Middle English seed, sede, side, from Old English sēd, sǣd (“seed, that which is sown”), from Proto-West Germanic *sād, from Proto-Germanic *sēdą, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow, throw”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Säid (“seed”), West Frisian sied (“seed”), Dutch zaad (“seed”), Low German Saad (“seed”), German Saat (“seed; sowing”), Danish sæd (“seed”), Swedish säd (“seed”), Icelandic sæði (“seed”), Latin satiō (“seeding, time of sowing, season”). More at sow.

cog

Everybody likes to second‐guess computers, including who seed the pros. Nothing could have better exposed the vulnerability of the computer seeding than the spectacle of clay‐court experts looking like weekend hackers on grass.

1979 July 2, “Reflection on the Seedings Fills Pause at Wimbledon”, in The New York Times:

(sports, gaming) To allocate a seeding to a competitor.


walk

en-verb

walk (third-person singular simple present walks, present participle walking, simple past and past participle walked)

walks (present singular third-person)
walking (participle present)
walked (participle past)
walked (past)
walk (infinitive)
walk (first-person present singular)
walked (first-person past singular)
walk (present second-person singular)
walkest (archaic present second-person singular)
walked (past second-person singular)
walkedst (archaic past second-person singular)
walks (present singular third-person)
walketh (archaic present singular third-person)
walked (past singular third-person)
walk (plural present)
walked (past plural)
walk (present subjunctive)
walked (past subjunctive)
walk (imperative present)
walking (participle present)
walked (participle past)

Chinese Pidgin English: walkee

From Middle English walken (“to move, walk, roll, turn, revolve, toss”), a conflation of Old English wealcan (“to move round, revolve, roll, turn, toss”) (ġewealcan (“to go, traverse”)) and Old English wealcian (“to curl, roll up”); both from Proto-West Germanic *walkan, from Proto-Germanic *walkaną, *walkōną (“to twist, turn, roll about, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *walg- (“to twist, turn, move”).
Cognate with Scots walk (“to walk”), Saterland Frisian walkje (“to full; drum; flex; mill”), West Frisian swalkje (“to wander, roam”), Dutch walken (“to full, work hair or felt”), Dutch zwalken (“to wander about”), German walken (“to flex, full, mill, drum”), Danish valke (“to waulk, full”), Latin valgus (“bandy-legged, bow-legged”), Sanskrit वल्गति (válgati, “amble, bound, leap, dance”). More at vagrant and whelk. Doublet of waulk.

cog

(intransitive, cricket, of a batsman) To walk off the field, as if given out, after the fielding side appeals and before the umpire has ruled; done as a matter of sportsmanship when the batsman believes he is out.

(transitive, baseball) To allow a batter to reach base by pitching four balls.

aya

baseball: to allow to advance after four balls

(intransitive, baseball, of a batter) To reach base by being pitched four balls.


walk

From Middle English walk, walke, walc, from Old English *wealc (as in Old English wealcspinl) and ġewealc (“a rolling motion, attack”), from Proto-Germanic *walką. Cognate with Icelandic válk (“a rolling around, a tossing to and fro, trouble, distress”).

The pitcher now has two walks in this inning alone.

(baseball) An award of first base to a batter following four balls being thrown by the pitcher; known in the rules as a "base on balls".


squeeze

en-verb

squeeze (third-person singular simple present squeezes, present participle squeezing, simple past squeezed or (nonstandard) squoze, past participle squeezed or (nonstandard) squozen)

squeezes (present singular third-person)
squeezing (participle present)
squeezed (past)
squoze (nonstandard past)
squeezed (participle past)
squozen (nonstandard participle past)

From earlier squize, squise (whence also dialectal English squizzen and squeege), first attested around 1600, further origin uncertain; probably an alteration of quease (which is attested since 1550), from Middle English queisen (“to squeeze”), from Old English cwȳsan (“to crush, squeeze”), itself also of unknown origin, perhaps imitative (compare Swedish qväsa, kväsa (“to squeeze, bruise, crush; quell”), Dutch kwetsen (“to injure, hurt”), German quetschen (“to squeeze”)). Or, a blend of obsolete squiss (“to squeeze”) (whence also squash and squish) with quease. Compare also French esquicher from Old Occitan esquichar (“to press, squeeze”).
The slang expression "to put the squeeze on (someone or something)", meaning "to exert influence", is from 1711. The baseball term "squeeze play" is first recorded 1905. "Main squeeze" ("most important person") is attested from 1896, the specific meaning "one's sweetheart, lover" is attested in 1970s.
The nonstandard strong forms squoze and squozen, attested dialectally since at least the mid-19th century, are by analogy with freeze.

cog

Jones squeezed in Smith with a perfect bunt.

(transitive, baseball) To attempt to score a runner from third by bunting.

ճզմրտուք

baseball: to attempt to score a runner from third by bunting


squeeze

The game ended in exciting fashion with a failed squeeze.

(baseball) The act of bunting in an attempt to score a runner from third.

スクイズ

baseball: the act of bunting in an attempt to score a runner from third

(card games) A play that forces an opponent to discard a card that gives up one or more tricks.


rouge

en-noun

rouge (countable and uncountable, plural rouges)

Borrowed from French rouge, from Latin rubeus. Compare rare Middle English rouge, rouȝ (“red”); later borrowed again, as it is not attested until c. 1750. The game senses are of unknown origin according to the Oxford English Dictionary.

(Canadian football) A single point awarded when a team kicks the ball out of its opponent's end zone, or when a kicked ball becomes dead within the non-kicking team's end zone. Etymology uncertain; it is thought that in the early years of the sport, a red flag indicated that a single had been scored.


attraction

attraction (countable and uncountable, plural attractions)

[əˈtɹækʃ(ɪ̈)n]

[əˈt͡ʃɹækʃ(ɪ̈)n]

From Middle English attraccioun, from Old French attraction, from Latin attractio from past participle of attrahō (= ad + trahō), equivalent to attract + -ion.

(chess) The sacrifice of pieces in order to expose the enemy king.


penchant

penchant (countable and uncountable, plural penchants)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-penchant.wav

Unadapted borrowing from French penchant, present participle of pencher (“to tilt, to lean”), from Middle French, from Old French pengier (“to tilt, be out of line”), from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, a derivative of Latin pendere (“to hang”).

uder

(card games, uncountable) A card game resembling bezique.

(card games) In the game of penchant, any queen and jack of different suits held at the same time.


opposition

/ˌɒp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/

/ˌɑ.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

From Middle English opposicioun, from Old French oposicion (whence French opposition), from Late Latin oppositiō, translating Ancient Greek ἀντίθεσις (antíthesis), from the past participle stem of classical Latin oppōnō (“I set against”).

(chess) A position in which the player on the move must yield with his king allowing his opponent to advance with his own king.


cup

→ Farefare: kɔpɩ

→ Hebrew: קאפ (kap)

→ Japanese: カップ (kappu)

desc

→ Kashubian: kopsa (Canada, United States)

→ Korean: 컵 (keop)

→ Maori: kapu

Inherited from Middle English cuppe, coppe, from the merger of Old English cuppe (“cup”) and Old English copp (“cup, vessel”).
Old English cuppe is a borrowing from Late Latin cuppa, itself of obscure origin, but probably from earlier Latin cūpa (“tub, cask”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewp- (“a hollow”). Old English copp, however, is from Proto-West Germanic *kopp (“round object, bowl, vessel, knoll, summit, crown of the head”), from Proto-Germanic *kuppaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, curve, arch”) (whence also obsolete English cop (“top, summit, crown of the head”), German Kopf (“top, head”)).
The Middle English word was further reinforced by Anglo-Norman cupe and Old French cope, coupe, from Latin cuppa. Compare also Saterland Frisian Kop (“cup”), West Frisian kop (“cup”), Dutch kop (“cup”), German Low German Koppke, Köppke (“cup”), Danish kop (“cup”), Swedish kopp (“cup”). Doublet of coupe, hive, and keeve.

unk

obscure

cog

that and a dollar will get you a cup of coffee

that and a nickel will buy you a cup of coffee

that and twenty-five cents will get you a cup of coffee

there's many a slip between the cup and the lip

there's many a slip twixt the cup and the lip

Until it was disbanded in 1999, the European Cup-Winners Cup was contested annually by the winners of Europe's national cups.

2002, Rob Dimery, Peter Watts, Guinness world records, Gullane Children's Books, →ISBN:

Wallace had the unique distinction of being the only player ever to play in the English, Welsh and Scottish Cups in the same season.

2011, Michael Grant, Rob Robertson, The Management: Scotland's Great Football Bosses, Birlinn, →ISBN:

One week earlier, they had lost 5-2 to Borussia Dortmund in the DFB-Pokal [the German cup] final in Berlin.

2014, Martí Perarnau, Pep Confidential: Inside Pep Guardiola's First Season at Bayern Munich, Birlinn, →ISBN:

(soccer) The main knockout tournament in a country, organised alongside the league.


study

en-noun

study (countable and uncountable, plural studies)

From Middle English studie, from Old French estudie (Modern French étude), borrowed from Latin studium (“zeal, dedication, study”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to push, hit”). Doublet of etude and studio.

der

(chess) An endgame problem composed for artistic merit, where one side is to play for a win or for a draw.


library

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: लाइब्रेरी f (lāibrerī)

Urdu: لائبریری f (lāibrerī)

→ Iban: librari

→ Japanese: ライブラリー (raiburarī)

→ Korean: 라이브러리 (raibeureori)

→ Yoruba: láíbìrì

/ˈlaɪˌbɹɛɹi/

From Middle English librarie, from Anglo-Norman librarie, from Old French librairie, from Latin librarium (“bookcase, chest for books”), from librarius (“concerning books”), from liber (“the inner bark of trees; paper, parchment, book”), probably derived from a Proto-Indo-European base *leub(ʰ)- (“to strip, to peel”). Displaced native Middle English bochous, bokhus (literally “book house”), from Old English bōchūs (compare bookhouse).
Romance cognates often mean “bookshop” instead: French librairie, Italian libreria, Spanish librería, Romanian librărie and Portuguese livraria. This is a relatively recent innovation (16th century in French), which ended up displacing the earlier sense.

ncog

why buy a book when you can join a library

why buy a book when you can join the library

At the conclusion of every duel, each player must show the remaining cards in his or her hand to the opponent to verify that no Restricted List duplicate cards appear there (e.g., to prove that a second Time Walk wasn't drawn from his library).

1994, The Magic, the Gathering: Pocket Players' Guide, →ISBN, page 167:

But why did very good players shy away from cards that are so obviously good from our perspectives? One very real possibility is that library manipulation/increased selection and redundancy tech had not yet been established - after all, many players were amazed at Lestree's use of the Sylvan Library to draw extra cards!

2006, Michael J. Flores, Deckade: 10 Years of Decks, Thoughts, and Theory!, →ISBN, page 228:

To win a game of Magic, you must achieve one of two chief goals: either be the first to reduce your opponent's life total from 20 to 0, or force him or her to attempt to draw a card from his or her library when there are no cards left in it.

2006, John Kaufeld, Jeremy Smith, Trading Card Games For Dummies, →ISBN, page 50:

The deck becomes the draw pile, also called the library, from which each player repeatedly draws cards for his or her own hand, cards that are gradually included into the game.

2010, Shirley R. Steinberg, Michael Kehler, Lindsay Cornish, Boy Culture: An Encyclopedia, →ISBN, page 418:

At this phase, most of TCGs only allow players drawing card(s) from a pack which is also called library or deck.

2010, Zhigeng Pan, Maiga Chang, Adrian David Cheok, Transactions on Edutainment III, →ISBN, page 119:

(card games, Magic: The Gathering) The deck or draw pile.


decision

en-noun

decision (countable and uncountable, plural decisions)

Derived from Middle French, from Latin dēcīsiō, dēcīsiōnis, from dēcīdō (“to decide”).

(baseball) A win or a loss awarded to a pitcher.


pea

From having the appearance of a pea (see English etymology 1), the edible seed of Pisum sativum, the pea plant.

(baseball) A ball travelling at high velocity.

(US, Indiana, gambling) Any of the small numbered balls used in a pea shake game.


peg

From Middle English pegge, from Middle Dutch pegge (“pin, peg”), from Old Dutch *pigg-, *pegg-, from Proto-Germanic *pig-, *pag- (“peg, stake”), from Proto-Indo-European *bak-, *baḱ- (“club, pointed stick, peg”). Cognate with Dutch dialectal peg (“pin”), Low German pig, pigge (“peg, stick with a point”), Low German pegel (“post, stake”), Swedish pigg (“tooth, spike”), Danish pig (“spike”), Norwegian Bokmål pigg (“spike”), Irish bac (“stick, crook”), Latin baculum (“staff”), Latvian bakstît (“to poke”), Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron, “staff, walking stick”). Related to beak.
This is one of the very few English words that begin with a p and come from Proto-Germanic. Proto-Germanic *p, when not in a consonant cluster beginning with *s, developed by Grimm's law from the Proto-Indo-European consonant *b, which was very rare.
(To indicate or ascribe an attribute to):: Assumed to originate from the use of pegs or pins as markers on a bulletin board or a list.

sense

Lindy hit the pegs with five deliveries out of six.

1961, Colin McCool, Cricket is a Game, page 123:


battery

en-noun

battery (countable and uncountable, plural batteries)

→ Korean: 배터리 (baeteori)

Borrowed from Middle French batterie, from Old French baterie (“action of beating”), from batre (“battre”), from Latin battuō (“beat”), from Gaulish. Doublet of batterie. By surface analysis, batter + -y.
The sense “electric battery” was coined by American polymath Benjamin Franklin by analogy with a military battery that his series of Leyden jars resembled.

coin

(baseball) The catcher and the pitcher together

(chess) Two or more pieces working together on the same rank, file, or diagonal

ketju

chess: two or more major pieces in a row


jam

en-noun

jam (countable and uncountable, plural jams)

→ Armenian: ջեմ (ǰem)

→ Azerbaijani: cem

→ Belarusian: джэм (džem)

→ Bengali: জ্যাম (jêm)

→ Bulgarian: джем (džem)

→ Cantonese: 占 (zim1, zem1)

→ Czech: džem

→ Dutch: jam

→ Estonian: džemm

→ Finnish: jamit

→ French: jam

→ Georgian: ჯემი (ǯemi)

→ Hindi: जाम (jām)

→ Japanese: ジャム (jamu)

→ Kazakh: джем (djem)

→ Korean: 잼 (jaem)

→ Kyrgyz: джем (djem)

→ Macedonian: џем (džem)

→ Malay: jem

→ Polish: dżem

→ Romanian: gem

→ Russian: джем (džem)

→ Saanich: ĆÁM

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: džȅm

Cyrillic script: џе̏м

→ Sinhalese: ජෑම් (jǣm)

→ Slovak: džem

→ Swahili: jemu

→ Swedish: jam

→ Tajik: джем (džem)

→ Thai: แยม (yɛɛm)

→ Ukrainian: джем (džem)

→ Urdu: جام (jām)

→ Welsh: jam

First attested in the early 18th c. as a verb meaning “to press, be pressed, be wedged in”. Compare dialectal jammock (“to press, squeeze, crush into a soft mass, chew food"; also "a soft, pulpy substance”). Perhaps from Middle English chammen, champen ("to bite upon something, gnash the teeth"; whence modern champ, chomp), of uncertain origin; probably originally onomatopoeic.
The "performance" sense is first attested with regards to jazz in 1929, and its origin, though uncertain, is likely metaphorical, "something sweet made by the combination of many things", with influence from jamboree.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

The pitcher's in a jam now, having walked the bases loaded with the cleanup hitter coming to bat.

(countable, baseball) A difficult situation for a pitcher or defending team.

(countable, basketball) A forceful dunk.


jam

en-verb

jam (third-person singular simple present jams, present participle jamming, simple past and past participle jammed)

jams (present singular third-person)
jamming (participle present)
jammed (participle past)
jammed (past)

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

Jones was jammed by the pitch.

(baseball) To throw a pitch at or near the batter's hands.

syöttää käsiä päin

baseball: to throw a pitch at or near the batter's hands


toss

From Middle English tossen (“to buffet about, agitate, toss; to sift or winnow”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Norse (compare dialectal Norwegian tossa, dialectal Swedish tossa (“to strew, spread”)), or perhaps from an alteration of Middle English tosen (“to tease, pull apart, shred; to wound, injure”). Compare also Dutch tassen (“to pile or heap up, stack”).
The Welsh tos (“a quick jerk”) and tosio (“to jerk, toss”) are probably borrowed from the English.

cog

(cricket, soccer) The coin toss before a cricket match in order to decide who bats first, or before a football match in order to decide the direction of play.


development

en-noun

development (countable and uncountable, plural developments)

developments (plural)
developement (alternative)

From French développement, from Old French desvelopemens (“unrolling”). By surface analysis, develop + -ment. First attested in 1756.

White's development is good, but black's has been hampered by the pawn on e5.

(chess, uncountable) The active placement of the pieces, or the process of achieving it.


develop

en-verb

develop (third-person singular simple present develops, present participle developing, simple past and past participle developed or (archaic, rare) developt)

develops (present singular third-person)
developing (participle present)
developed (participle past)
developed (past)
developt (archaic participle past rare)
developt (archaic past rare)
develope (alternative archaic)

Borrowed from French développer, from Middle French desveloper, from Old French desveloper, from des- + voloper, veloper, vloper (“to wrap, wrap up”) (compare Italian sviluppare, Old Italian alternative form goluppare (“to wrap”)) from Vulgar Latin *vloppō, *wloppō (“to wrap”) ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrappaną, *wlappaną (“to wrap, roll up, turn, wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to turn, bend”) http://www.wordnik.com/words/envelop. Akin to Middle English wlappen (“to wrap, fold”) (Modern English lap (“to wrap, involve, fold”)), Middle English wrappen (“to wrap”), Middle Dutch lappen (“to wrap up, embrace”), dialectal Danish vravle (“to wind, twist”), Middle Low German wrempen (“to wrinkle, scrunch, distort”), Old English wearp (“warp”). The word acquired its modern meaning from the 17th-century belief that an egg contains the animal in miniature and matures by growing larger and shedding its envelopes.

cog

I need to develop my white-square bishop.

(chess, transitive) To place one's pieces actively.

(snooker, pool) To cause a ball to become more open and available to be played on later. Usually by moving it away from the cushion, or by opening a pack.


batsman

batswoman

batsman; when is treated as both male and female

(cricket) A player of the batting side now on the field.

battitore

cricket: player of the batting side on the field

The batsman, Kathryn Leng, (who has played for quite a few years for England) asked the umpire dumbfounded if Charlie was going to bowl with a helmet on.

2001 June 19, Julia Price, “Julia's Ashes Diary 2001”, in Women's Cricket in Australia -Ashes Tour 2001, southernstars.org, archived from the original on 2015-03-22:

(cricket) The player now receiving strike; the striker.

(cricket) Any player selected for his or her team principally to bat, as opposed to a bowler.

lyöjä

cricket: player principally selected to bat


up

down

antonym(s) of “away from the centre of the Earth”

down

antonym(s) of “towards the principal terminus”

From Middle English up, from Old English upp, from Proto-Germanic *upp, see more there.

The bowler pitched the ball up.

(cricket) Relatively close to the batsman.


three-point line

en-noun

three-point line (plural three-point lines)

(basketball) An arc on the floor of a basketball court beyond which a successful shot is worth three points.


three-point shot

three-point shot (plural three-point shots)

(basketball) A shot attempted from beyond the three-point line.


free throw

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-free throw.wav

(basketball) A shot, worth one point, taken from the free-throw line and without opposition.


free-throw line

free-throw line (plural free-throw lines)

(basketball) A line parallel to the baseline, fifteen feet from the plane of the backboard, from behind which a free throw may be taken.


backboard

(basketball) The flat vertical surface to which the basket is attached.


March Madness

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-March Madness.wav

From the month of March, during which most of the tournament matches take place. The "madness" part is probably an allusion to the phrase mad as a March hare.

(basketball, US) The NCAA Division I basketball championship tournaments.


Final Four

(basketball, US, informal) The four regional champions of the NCAA Division I tournament, one of whom will become the national champion.

(basketball, US, informal) The final two rounds of the NCAA Division I tournament.

These two teams have an amazing number of Final Fours between them.

(basketball, US, informal) An appearance in the Final Four.

(basketball, Europe) The final round of the continent-wide Euroleague club basketball competition, featuring four teams with one becoming champion.


point guard

Many current NBA coaches are former point guards.

(basketball) A guard who is usually the shortest of the five basketball positions, and specializes in handling the ball, distributing it to the other players and generally running the team's offense.


shooting guard

(basketball) A guard who is usually the taller of the two guard positions, and sometimes specializes in shooting from outside, particular from beyond the three-point line.


dom

en-verb

dom (third-person singular simple present doms, present participle domming, simple past and past participle dommed)

doms (present singular third-person)
domming (participle present)
dommed (participle past)
dommed (past)

Nola is actually "Nurse Nola," a dominatrix who specializes in medical role playing. […] "After that," she continues, "I started domming, which I did for a long time, but have never liked much."

2006, Bitch: feminist response to pop culture, numbers 31-34:

(slang, online gaming or BDSM) To dominate.


discovery

en-noun

discovery (countable and uncountable, plural discoveries)

discoveries (plural)
discoverie (alternative obsolete)

from discover + -ery, on the pattern of the pair recover, recovery. Displaced native Old English onfundennes.

1700: "If I play f4, he can check me with ...Qd4, but then he has to move his Queen because he can easily lose it to a Bishop discovery on b5. He could also check me on c5 when his Queen might be safer. I could just move out of the way, though, and continue my attack."

1999, Jeremy Silman, The Amateur's Mind: Turning Chess Misconceptions Into Chess Mastery, 2nd edition, Los Angeles, C.A.: Siles Press, →ISBN, page 189:

discovered attack
discovered attack#Noun


discover

en-verb

discover (third-person singular simple present discovers, present participle discovering, simple past and past participle discovered)

discovers (present singular third-person)
discovering (participle present)
discovered (participle past)
discovered (past)
discovre (alternative)

conceal

antonym(s) of “expose something previously covered”

From Middle English discoveren, from Old French descovrir, from Late Latin discoperīre < discooperiō, discooperīre, from Latin dis- + cooperiō. Displaced native Old English onfindan.

This move discovers an attack on a vital pawn.

(transitive, chess) To create by moving a piece out of another piece's line of attack.


barn

From Middle English barn, bern, bærn, from Old English bearn, bern, contracted forms of Old English berern, bereærn (“barn, granary”), compound of bere (“barley”) and ærn, ræn (“dwelling, barn”), from Proto-West Germanic *raʀn, from Proto-Germanic *razną (compare Old Norse rann), from pre-Germanic *h₁rh̥₁-s-nó-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erh₁- (“to rest”).
More at rest and barley.
For the use as a unit of surface area, see w:Barn (unit) § Etymology.

der

close the barn door after the horse has bolted

not be able to hit the broad side of a barn

Maple Leaf Gardens was a grand old barn.

(informal, basketball, ice hockey) An arena.


out

From Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt (“out”, preposition & adverb), from Proto-West Germanic *ūt, from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out”); and Old English ūte (“outside; without”, adverb), from Proto-Germanic *ūtai (“out; outside”); both from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“upwards, away”).
Cognate with Scots oot, out (“out”), Saterland Frisian uut, uute (“out”), West Frisian út (“out”), Dutch uit (“out”), German Low German ut (“out”), German aus (“out”), Norwegian/Swedish ut, ute (“out; outside”), Danish ud, ude (“out; outside”).

inh

There are numerous individual phrasal verbs

Wilson was bowled out for five runs.

First ball hit me on the 'and, second 'ad me on the knee, the third was in my eye, the fourth bowled me out.

1876, The School newspaper Vol. [2 issues of vols. 31 and 32]., page 66:

Hayes batted for Reed and grounded out, Murray unassisted.

1984, Official Baseball Guide, page 211:

So, first guy, Larry strikes him out, good fastball in on his hands.

2007, Philip R. Craig, William G. Tapply, Third Strike: A Brady Coyne/J. W. Jackson Mystery, page 27:

The striking batter is bowled out when the wicket is broken with the bowler's delivery. A batter is bowled out whether or not the ball is touched or deflected into the stumps by the batter.

2010, Mark Butcher, Paul Abraham, Learn to Play Cricket: Teach Yourself, page A-65:

(cricket, baseball) Of a player, so as to be disqualified from playing further by some action of a member of the opposing team (such as being stumped in cricket).


out

outs (plural)
oute (alternative obsolete)

→ Greek: άουτ (áout)

→ Japanese: アウト (auto)

→ Korean: 아웃 (aut)

→ Spanish: out

The first time I saw Amity we were in front of her house playing work-up, a baseball variation where you move from position to position by outs until you get to bat.

2014, Tom Bentley, Flowering: And Other Stories:

(baseball) A state in which a member of the batting team is removed from play due to the application of various rules of the game such as striking out, hitting a fly ball which is caught by the fielding team before bouncing, etc.

(cricket) A dismissal; a state in which a member of the batting team finishes his turn at bat, due to the application of various rules of the game, such as the bowler knocking over the batsman's wicket with the ball.


stalemate

en-noun

stalemate (countable and uncountable, plural stalemates)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-stalemate.wav

The game is drawn when the player to move has no legal move and his/her king is not in check. The game is said to end in ‘stalemate’. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the stalemate position was in accordance with Article 3 and Articles 4.2 – 4.7.

2022, “2023 Laws of Chess”, in FIDE, page 10:

(chess) The state in which the player to move is not in check but has no legal moves, resulting in a draw.


stalemate

en-verb

stalemate (third-person singular simple present stalemates, present participle stalemating, simple past and past participle stalemated)

stalemates (present singular third-person)
stalemating (participle present)
stalemated (participle past)
stalemated (past)

(chess, transitive) To bring about a state in which the player to move is not in check but has no legal moves.


spot

→ Catalan: espot

From Middle English spot, spotte, partially from Middle Dutch spotte (“spot, speck”), and partially merging with Middle English splot, from Old English splott (“spot, plot of land”), from Proto-West Germanic *splott, from Proto-Germanic *spluttaz (“segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *splt-no- (“an off-split, segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with North Frisian spot (“speck, piece of ground”), Low German spot (“speck”), Old Norse spotti (“small piece”). See also splot, splotch.

cog

The Gunners dominated for long periods but, against the run of play, Denilson fouled Max Gradel and Robert Snodgrass put Leeds ahead from the spot.

2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1 - 1 Leeds”, in BBC:


spot

en-verb

spot (third-person singular simple present spots, present participle spotting, simple past and past participle spotted)

spots (present singular third-person)
spotting (participle present)
spotted (participle past)
spotted (past)

The referee had to spot the pink on the blue spot.

(transitive, chiefly snooker and billiards) To place (an object) at a location indicated by a spot.

The black ball won't spot – the green is in the way.

(intransitive, snooker and billiards) Of a ball, to be capable of being placed on its own spot.


stale

From Middle English stale, from Old French estal (“place, something placed”) (compare French étal), from Frankish stal, from Proto-Germanic *stallaz, earlier *staþlaz. Related to stall and stand.

der

They stand at a stay; Like a Stale at Chesse, where it is no Mate, but yet the Game cannot stirre.

1625, Francis Bacon, Essays, section 65:

(chess, uncommon) A stalemate; a stalemated game.


stale

Then drawith he & is stale.

(chess, obsolete) At a standstill; stalemated.


stale

en-verb

stale (third-person singular simple present stales, present participle staling, simple past and past participle staled)

stales (present singular third-person)
staling (participle present)
staled (participle past)
staled (past)

He shall stale þe black kyng in the pointe þer the crosse standith.

In China, however, a player who stales his opponent's King, wins the game.

1903, H. J. R. Murray, Brit. Chess. Mag., section 283:

(chess, uncommon, transitive) To stalemate.

For vnder cuire I got sik check, that I micht neither muife nor neck, bot ather stale or mait.

1597, A. Montgomerie, Cherrie & Slae, section 202:

(chess, obsolete, intransitive) To be stalemated.


escape

en-noun

escape (countable and uncountable, plural escapes)

From Middle English escapen, from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French escaper ( = Old French eschaper, modern French échapper), from Vulgar Latin *excappāre (“to escape a garment, get out of one's clothing”, literally “to free oneself from one's cape”), from Latin ex- (“out”) + Late Latin cappa (“cape, cloak”). Cognate with escapade. Also doublet of scape.

der

(snooker) A successful shot from a snooker position.


adopt

en-verb

adopt (third-person singular simple present adopts, present participle adopting, simple past and past participle adopted)

adopts (present singular third-person)
adopting (participle present)
adopted (participle past)
adopted (past)
adopt (infinitive)
adopt (first-person present singular)
adopted (first-person past singular)
adopt (present second-person singular)
adoptest (archaic present second-person singular)
adopted (past second-person singular)
adoptedst (archaic past second-person singular)
adopts (present singular third-person)
adopteth (archaic present singular third-person)
adopted (past singular third-person)
adopt (plural present)
adopted (past plural)
adopt (present subjunctive)
adopted (past subjunctive)
adopt (imperative present)
adopting (participle present)
adopted (participle past)

From Middle French adopter, from Latin adoptō; ad + optō (“to choose, desire”), equivalent to ad- + opt.

تَبَنَّى

to take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen

The match was not even close; the IM made amateurish blunders and ended up getting adopted.

Nakamura 'Adopts' Komodo On Fathers Day: 20.5-2.5

2018 June 19, Peter Doggers, “(title)”, in Chess.com, archived from the original on 2022-05-21:

Wednesday's event will offer the Russian grandmaster three opportunities to adopt Rensch, though just like in the Speed Chess Championship, Nepomniachtchi will have to race against the clock.

2020 May 27, “Adopt-A-Danny Returns Wednesday With Ian Nepomniachtchi”, in Chess.com, archived from the original on 2020-05-27:

"That's it, that's it!" the Grandmaster Eric Hansen bellowed after following nine straight losses with a win. "You are not adopting me! Not today, not today!"

2022 April 12, Jacob Sweet, “The Most Popular Chess Streamer on Twitch”, in The New Yorker, archived from the original on 2022-08-26:

There was wasn't much for Gukesh fans to cheer, but at least he avoided the fate of Maghsoodloo, who was "adopted", i.e. beaten 10 games in a row. Gukesh struck in the 2nd 3+1 game, when he was dangerously close to that mark.

2022 December 7, Colin McGourty, “Carlsen plays "horribly", beats Gukesh 23:7”, in chess24, archived from the original on 2022-12-09:

(chess, slang) To beat an opponent ten times in a row.


advantage

en-noun

advantage (countable and uncountable, plural advantages)

advantages (plural)
advauntage (alternative obsolete)

/əɖˈvaːɳˌʈeːd͡ʒ/

From Middle English avantage, avauntage, from Old French avantage, from avant (“before”), from Late Latin ab ante. The spelling with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be from Latin ad (see advance). For sense development, compare foredeal.

Webb played an advantage that enabled Cazorla to supply a low cross from the left for Giroud to sweep home first time, despite Gallas and Vertonghen being in close attendance.

2012 November 17, “Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport:

(soccer) The continuation of the game after a foul against the attacking team, because the attacking team are in an advantageous position.


advertise

en-verb

advertise (third-person singular simple present advertises, present participle advertising, simple past and past participle advertised)

advertises (present singular third-person)
advertising (participle present)
advertised (participle past)
advertised (past)
advertize (alternative)

From Middle English advertisen, from Anglo-Norman advertir (“to inform”), avertir, Middle French advertir, avertir (“to warn, give notice to”), with the French -iss- infix assimilated to -ise, -ize and probably influenced by the noun advertisement. Compare also advert.

The safest time to answer a possible advertisement is when you have no indication as to what suit your opponent wants. Then even if he has advertised, the odds are that your answer is not the card he is looking for.

1947, On Gin Rummy: An All-American Roundup, page 121:

(card games) In gin rummy, to discard a card of one's preferred suit so as to mislead the opponent into thinking you do not want it.


shackle

From shack (“variant of shake”), shake (verb) + -le (suffix forming agent nouns; frequentative suffix forming verbs).

affix

(dice games) A dice game; also, an event at which tickets are sold for chances to be drawn to win prizes; a raffle.


pepper

en-noun

pepper (countable and uncountable, plural peppers)

peppers (plural)
piper (alternative archaic)

Tok Pisin: pepa

→ Hawaiian: pepa

→ Marshallese: pepa

From Middle English peper, piper, from Old English piper, from Proto-West Germanic *pipar, from Latin piper, from an Indo-Aryan source; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). The name was given to the capsicum fruit because of its unusual spicy taste, not unlike the Old World spice. Cognate with Scots pepar, Saterland Frisian Pieper, West Frisian piper, Dutch peper, German Low German Peper, German Pfeffer, Danish peber, Swedish peppar, Icelandic pipar. Doublet of falafel and peepul.

cog

Some ballparks have signs saying "No pepper games".

(baseball) A game used by baseball players to warm up where fielders standing close to a batter rapidly return the batted ball to be hit again


hurry

en-noun

hurry (countable and uncountable, plural hurries)

From Middle English horien (“to rush, impel”), probably a variation of hurren (“to vibrate rapidly, buzz”), from Proto-Germanic *hurzaną (“to rush”) (compare Middle High German hurren (“to hasten”), Norwegian hurre (“to whirl around”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”) (compare Latin currō (“I run”), Tocharian A kursär/Tocharian B kwarsär (“league; course”)). Related to hurr, horse, rush.
Alternative etymology derives hurry as a variant of harry.

inh

At Alabama, Jedrick Wills Jr. anchored the right side of the offensive line for two years, allowing only one sack and three-and-a-half quarterback hurries on 714 snaps last season.

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) an incidence of a defensive player forcing the quarterback to act faster than the quarterback was prepared to, resulting in a failed offensive play.

press

American football: incidence of a defensive player forcing the quarterback to act faster than the quarterback was prepared to


layoff

(British, soccer) A short pass that has been rolled in front of another player for them to kick.


agent

From Latin agēns, present active participle of agere (“to drive, lead, conduct, manage, perform, do”).

Nevada casinos are fleeced out of millions of dollars yearly by agents (cheats acting as players) in collusion with crooked Black Jack dealers and pit bosses.

1978, John Scarne, Scarne's guide to casino gambling, page 108:

en:cheater with insider help in gambling

(gambling) A cheat who is assisted by dishonest casino staff.


agricultural

en-adj

agricultural (comparative more agricultural, superlative most agricultural)

more agricultural (comparative)
most agricultural (superlative)

/ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌltjʊəɹəl/

/ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹəl/


interval

From Middle English interval, intervalle, from Old French intervalle, entreval, from Latin intervallum (“space between, interval, distance, interval of time, pause, difference; literally, space between two palisades or walls”), from inter (“between”) + vallum (“palisade, wall”).

com

(cricket) Either of the two breaks, at lunch and tea, between the three sessions of a day's play


goose-step

An intentionally disparaging alternative name for the "balance step" (German Stechschritt, "cut step") from a fancied resemblance to the waddling of geese.

(rugby) A deceptive step that breaks the normal flow of running and allows a player to accelerate and/or change direction quickly while simultaneously confusing the defender.


chip

→ Basque: txip

→ Bulgarian: чипс (čips)

→ Catalan: xip

→ Czech: čip

→ Danish: chip, chips

→ Dutch: chip, chips

→ Ewe: tšipsid

→ Finnish: sipsi, chipsi, chips

→ French: chips

→ Galician: chip

→ Georgian: ჩიპსი (čiṗsi)

→ German: Chip

→ Greek: τσιπ (tsip), τσιπάκι (tsipáki)

desc

→ Hebrew: צִ׳יפְּס, צִ׳יפּ

→ Hebrew: צִ׳יפְּס, צִ׳יפּ (chips, chip)

→ Hijazi Arabic: تشبس (tšips, tšibs), شبس (šips, šibs)

→ Hungarian: csip, csipsz, chip, chips

→ Indonesian: cip

→ Italian: chip

→ Japanese: チップ (chippu), チップス (chippusu)

→ Khmer: ឈីប (chiip)

→ Korean: 칩 (chip), 칩스 (chipseu)

→ Latvian: čipsis

→ Macedonian: чипс (čips), чип (čip)

→ Norwegian: chips

→ Persian: چیپس (čips)

→ Polish: czip, czips, chip, chips

→ Portuguese: chipe, chip, chips

→ Romanian: chips, cip

→ Russian: чипс (čips), чип (čip)

^ → Armenian: չիպ (čʻip)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чипс, чип

Latin script: čips, čip

→ Slovene: čips

→ Spanish: chip, chips

→ Swahili: chipsi, chips

→ Swedish: chips, chipp

→ Turkish: cips, çip

→ Ukrainian: чипс (čyps), чип (čyp)

→ Welsh: tsip

→ Yiddish: טשיפּל (tshipl)

Noun from Middle English chip, chippe, from Old English ċipp (“chip; small piece of wood, shaving”), from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) –, from Proto-West Germanic *kippōn (“to cut; carve; hack; chop”), from Proto-Germanic *kippōną (“to chip, chop”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeyb- (“to split; divide; germinate; sprout”). Related to Dutch kip, keep (“notch; nick; score”), Dutch kippen (“to hatch”), German Low German kippen (“to cut; clip; trim; shorten”), German kipfen (“to chop off the tip; snip”), Old Swedish kippa (“to chop”). Compare also chop.
The formally similar Old English ċipp, ċypp, ċyp (“a beam; log; stock; post”), from Proto-Germanic *kippaz (“log; beam”) (whence Old Saxon kip (“post”), Old High German kipfa, chipfa (“axle, stave”), Old Norse keppr (“cudgel, club”)) is a different, unrelated word either borrowed from Latin cippus (“stake; pale; post”) or borrowed from the same source language as the Latin.
Verb from Middle English chippen, from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) – see above.

cog

If the second player does raise three chips, and all the other players drop, the player who opened may stay in by putting three more chips in the pot, for then he will have put in precisely as many chips as the second player.

2002, Albert H. Moorehead, Hoyle′s Rules of Games, page 46:

(games, gambling) A token used in place of cash.

(curling) A takeout that hits a rock at an angle.

A type of shot in various sports.
A takeout that hits a rock at an angle.


chip

en-verb

chip (third-person singular simple present chips, present participle chipping, simple past and past participle chipped)

chips (present singular third-person)
chipping (participle present)
chipped (participle past)
chipped (past)

(intransitive, card games, often with "in") To ante (up).


shark

From German Schurke (“scoundrel”); compare Dutch schurk.

shock (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)

(sports and games) A person who feigns ineptitude to win money from others.

hustler

player who feigns ineptitude to win money


whale

From Middle English whal, whale, from Old English hwæl (“whale”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz (“whale”) (compare German Wal, Swedish val, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål hval, Norwegian Nynorsk kval; compare also Dutch walvis, West Frisian walfisk, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”) (compare German Wels, Latin squalus (“big sea fish”), Old Prussian kalis, Ancient Greek ἄσπαλος (áspalos), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀 (kara, “kind of fish”)).

These are often no-limit games as maximum bets cramp a whale’s style.

2003, Jeff Wuorio, How to Buy and Sell (Just About) Everything:

A handful of the richest whales routinely play for $200,000 a hand. Australian media mogul Kerry Packer not only regularly bets that much, but has plunked down $200,000 bets for the dealer as a form of a tip.

2004, Norm Clarke, Vegas Confidential: Norm! Sin City's Ace Insider 1,000 Naked Truths, Hot Spots and Cool Stuff:

The high roller who had the most ferocious reputation for trying to run the business of the casinos where he played, before he died on December 26, 2006, was Kerry Packer. In the casino world, Packer was the Prince of Whales.

2008, Deke Castleman, Whale Hunt in the Desert:

(gambling, figuratively) A gambler who routinely wagers large amounts of money.


width

en-noun

width (countable and uncountable, plural widths)

→ Scots: width, wyth

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From wide + -th (abstract nominal suffix), possibly by analogy with Old Norse vídd (“width”), though this is unlikely, as the word is not attested before the end of the 16th century and was historically unknown in Scots and the traditional dialect of Northern England, where one would expect Old Norse influence to be the strongest (these varieties traditionally employed wideness instead). Replaced Middle English wide, wyde (“width”).

(cricket) The horizontal distance between a batsman and the ball as it passes him.


treble

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English treble, from Old French treble, from Latin triplus. Doublet of triple.

(darts) Any of the narrow areas enclosed by the two central circles on a dartboard, worth three times the usual value of the segment.

(sports) Three goals, victories, awards etc. in a given match or season.

(soccer) A win in the top league, top national cup and top continental cup in the same season.


discard

en-verb

discard (third-person singular simple present discards, present participle discarding, simple past and past participle discarded)

discards (present singular third-person)
discarding (participle present)
discarded (participle past)
discarded (past)

From dis- + card. Compare Spanish descartar.

(intransitive, card games) To make a discard; to throw out a card.


rubber

en-noun

rubber (usually uncountable, plural rubbers)

desc

→ Kashubian: roberk (Canada, United States)

→ Sikaiana: lapa

From rub + -er.
The sense of the substance comes from its ability to function as an eraser, displacing earlier caoutchouc. The senses not having to do with rubbing or erasing are secondarily derived from the name of the substance.

Jones toes the rubber and then fires to the plate.

(countable, baseball) The rectangular pad on the pitcher's mound from which the pitcher must pitch.


demon

demons (plural)
daimon (alternative)
daemon (alternative)
dæmon (alternative)

Anthony the Great
Michelangelo
en:demon
en:demon (disambiguation)

From Middle English demon, a borrowing from Medieval Latin dēmōn, daemōn (“lar, familiar spirit, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). Doublet of daimon.

der

Coordinate term: Canfield

‘That's much the best feeling to have.’ She dealt out the first row of ‘demon’.

1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin, published 2005, page 89:

(card games) A type of patience or solitaire (card game) played in the UK and/or US.


conventional

en-adj

conventional (comparative more conventional, superlative most conventional)

more conventional (comparative)
most conventional (superlative)

atypical

antonym(s) of “pertaining to a convention”

(bridge) In accordance with a bidding convention, as opposed to a natural bid.


outside

outside (comparative more outside, superlative most outside)

more outside (comparative)
most outside (superlative)
owtside (alternative obsolete)

/ˈæʊʔ.so̞ɪd/

/ˈɛʊʔ.so̞ɪd/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-outside.wav

արտաքին

pertaining to the outer surface or boundary

The first pitch is ... just a bit outside.

(baseball, of a pitch) Away (far) from the batter as it crosses home plate.


inside

From Middle English ynneside; equivalent to in- + side.
Compare German Innenseite (“inside”), Danish inderside (“inside”), Swedish insida (“inside”), Dutch binnenzijde (“inside”), German Low German Binnensied, Binnersied (“inside”), Saterland Frisian Binnersiede (“inside”).

cog

The first pitch is ... just a bit inside.

(baseball, of a pitch) Toward the batter as it crosses home plate.


edge

From Middle English egge, from Old English eċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *aggju, from Proto-Germanic *agjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).
See also Dutch egge, German Ecke, Swedish egg, Norwegian egg; also Welsh hogi (“to sharpen, hone”), Latin aciēs (“sharp”), acus (“needle”), Latvian ašs, ass (“sharp”), Ancient Greek ἀκίς (akís, “needle”), ἀκμή (akmḗ, “point”), and Persian آس (âs, “grinding stone”)).

2004 March 29, R. Bharat Rao Short report: Ind-Pak T1D2 Session 1 in rec.sports.cricket, Usenet
Finally another edge for 4, this time dropped by the keeper

(cricket) A shot where the ball comes off the edge of the bat, often unintentionally.


edge

en-verb

edge (third-person singular simple present edges, present participle edging, simple past and past participle edged)

edges (present singular third-person)
edging (participle present)
edged (participle past)
edged (past)

(cricket, transitive) To hit the ball with an edge of the bat, causing a fine deflection.


preemptive

en-adj

preemptive (comparative more preemptive, superlative most preemptive)

more preemptive (comparative)
most preemptive (superlative)
preëmptive (alternative)
pre-emptive (alternative)
præemptive (alternative archaic)

(bridge, of a high-level bid) Intended to interfere with an opponent's bidding.


move

en-verb

move (third-person singular simple present moves, present participle moving, simple past and past participle moved)

moves (present singular third-person)
moving (participle present)
moved (participle past)
moved (past)
move (infinitive)
move (first-person present singular)
moved (first-person past singular)
move (present second-person singular)
movest (archaic present second-person singular)
moved (past second-person singular)
movedst (archaic past second-person singular)
moves (present singular third-person)
moveth (archaic present singular third-person)
moved (past singular third-person)
move (plural present)
moved (past plural)
move (present subjunctive)
moved (past subjunctive)
move (imperative present)
moving (participle present)
moved (participle past)
meve (alternative)
mieve (alternative obsolete)
mooue (alternative obsolete)
moove (alternative obsolete)

→ Dutch: moven

From Middle English moven, moeven, meven, borrowed from Old Northern French mover, moveir and Old French mouver, moveir (“to move”) (compare modern French mouvoir from Old French movoir), from Latin movēre (“move; change, exchange, go in or out, quit”), from Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁- (“to move, drive”). Cognate with Lithuanian mauti (“to push on, rush”), Sanskrit मीवति (mī́vati, “pushes, presses, moves”), Middle Dutch mouwe (“sleeve”). Largely displaced native English stir, from Middle English stiren, sturien, from Old English styrian.

تَحَرَّكَ

(transitive) to change the place of something

She moved the queen closer to the centre of the board.

He rolled a 5 and moved his counter to Boardwalk, the most expensive property on the Monopoly board.

(transitive, chess, board games) To transfer (a piece) from one space or position on the board to another.

շարժել

to transfer from one space or position to another

ኣንቀሳቐሰ

ʾanḳäsax̣äsä


pharaoh

en-noun

pharaoh (countable and uncountable, plural pharaohs)

pharaohs (plural)
pharao (alternative)
Pharaoh (alternative)
pharaon (alternative)

From Middle English pharao (also as pharaon, farao, faraon, etc.), from Old English Pharao, from Late Latin Pharaō, from Ancient Greek Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“palace, pharaoh”, literally “pr (“house”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, big”)”).

der

"I pray, when I play pharaoh at White's, that the cards fall as they have come to my hand in this large gamble," Anstis said.

1945, Robert Hardy Andrews, Burning gold:

(uncountable, card games) The card game faro.


manager

→ Albanian: menaxher

→ Burmese: မန်နေဂျာ (mannegya)

→ Catalan: mànager

→ Cebuano: manedyer

→ Dutch: manager

→ French: manager
→ Turkish: menajer

→ German: Manager

→ Greek: μάνατζερ (mánatzer)

→ Hungarian: menedzser

→ Italian: manager

→ Japanese: マネージャー (manējā)

→ Korean: 매니저 (maenijeo)

→ Polish: menedżer

→ Romanian: manager

→ Russian: ме́неджер (ménedžer)

→ Scottish Gaelic: manaidsear

→ Spanish: mánager

→ Swahili: meneja

→ Tagalog: manedyer

→ Ukrainian: ме́неджер (ménedžer)


drain

en-verb

drain (third-person singular simple present drains, present participle draining, simple past and past participle drained)

drains (present singular third-person)
draining (participle present)
drained (participle past)
drained (past)
drein (alternative)
drein (alternative obsolete)
dreen (alternative Appalachia)

→ French: drainer (see there for further descendants)

From Middle English dreinen, from Old English drēahnian (“to drain, strain, filter”), from Proto-Germanic *drauhnōną (“to strain, sieve”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiz (“dry, parched”). Akin to Old English drūgian (“to dry up”), Old English drūgaþ (“dryness, drought”), Old English drȳġe (“dry”). More at dry.

der

(transitive, basketball, slang) To make a shot.


drop

From Late Middle English droppe, Middle English drope (“small quantity of liquid; small or least amount of something; pendant jewel; dripping of a liquid; a shower; nasal flow, catarrh; speck, spot; blemish; disease causing spots on the skin”) [and other forms], from Old English dropa (“a drop”), from Proto-West Germanic *dropō (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Germanic *drupô (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewb- (“to crumble, grind”).

nb...

dropan, droupe, (Northern England) droipe

afval

small quantity of liquid, just large enough to hold its own round shape through surface tension

piisk

very small quantity of liquid, or of anything

piisk

that which hangs or resembles a liquid globule

langemine

decline in degree, quality, quantity, or rate

afgrond

distance through which something drops, or falls below a certain level

Yet another drop for the Tiger tight end.

A thing which drops or hangs down.
(American football) A dropped pass.

A thing which drops or hangs down.
A dropped pass.

(online gaming, video games) An item made available for the player to pick up from the remains of a defeated enemy.

pudotettu esine

(online gaming, video games) item dropped by a defeated enemy

What the first column in the table shows you is how much the casinos won as a percentage of the drop. For example, on the roulette table for every $100 that went into the drop box the casino wonj $22.70 or 22.70%. […] In other words, the drop tells you how many chips were bought at that table, but it doesn't tell you how many bets were made with those chips.

1996, Steve Bourie, Anthony Curtis [et al.], American Casino Guide, Dania, Fla.: Casino Vacations, published 1997, →ISBN, page 12:

An act or instance of dropping (in all senses).

(gambling) The amount of money that a gambler exchanges for chips in a casino.

pank

The Tiger quarterback took a one-step drop, expecting his tight end to be open.

(American football) Ellipsis of drop-back.


drop

en-verb

drop (third-person singular simple present drops, present participle dropping, simple past and past participle dropped or (archaic) dropt)

drops (present singular third-person)
dropping (participle present)
dropped (participle past)
dropped (past)
dropt (archaic participle past)
dropt (archaic past)

From Middle English droppen, dropen (“to fall in drops, drip or trickle down; to scatter, sprinkle; to be covered with a liquid; to give off moisture; of an object: to drop, fall; of a living being: to fall to the ground”) [and other forms], from Old English dropian, droppian (“to drop”), from dropa (“a drop”) (see further at etymology 1) + -ian (suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns).

спадам

to decrease, diminish, or lessen in condition, degree, value, etc.

laskea

to move to a lower position; to allow to hang downwards — see also lower

laskea

to lower (a sound, a voice, etc.) in pitch or volume

But more important, if I dropped, Marty would have won the hand automatically.

1990, Stewart Wolpin, The Rules of Neighborhood Poker According to Hoyle, page 219:

(intransitive, gambling) To drop out of the betting.

Warne dropped Tendulkar on 99. Tendulkar went on to get a century next ball.

(cricket) Of a fielder: to fail to dismiss (a batsman) by accidentally dropping a batted ball that had initially been caught.

pudottaa

(cricket) of a fielder: to fail to dismiss (a batsman) by accidentally dropping a batted ball that had initially been caught

(rugby) To score (a goal) by means of a drop kick.

tehdä pudotuspotkumaali

(rugby) to score (a goal) by means of a drop kick


calculate

calculate (third-person singular simple present calculates, present participle calculating, simple past and past participle calculated)

calculates (present singular third-person)
calculating (participle present)
calculated (participle past)
calculated (past)
calculate (infinitive)
calculate (first-person present singular)
calculated (first-person past singular)
calculate (present second-person singular)
calculatest (archaic present second-person singular)
calculated (past second-person singular)
calculatedst (archaic past second-person singular)
calculates (present singular third-person)
calculateth (archaic present singular third-person)
calculated (past singular third-person)
calculate (plural present)
calculated (past plural)
calculate (present subjunctive)
calculated (past subjunctive)
calculate (imperative present)
calculating (participle present)
calculated (participle past)

Borrowed from Latin calculātus, perfect passive participle of calculō (“to reckon, compute, calculate”, originally by means of pebbles) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from calculus (“a pebble”), further from calx (“limestone”, calc- in compounds) + -ulus (forms diminutives).

af

(chess) To imagine sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.


AFC

We’ve already had north of 50 million watch the AFC and NFC Championship games at their peak.

2022 February 12, Harry Enten, “Cincinnati Bengals vs. Los Angeles Rams: The unluckiest sports teams and other Super Bowl musings”, in CNN:

American Football Conference
w:American Football Conference

(American football) Initialism of American Football Conference.

Asian Football Confederation
w:Asian Football Confederation

(soccer) Initialism of Asian Football Confederation.

Arsenal Football Club
w:Arsenal Football Club

(soccer) Initialism of Arsenal Football Club.


AFC

en-noun

AFC (countable and uncountable, plural AFCs)

Association Football Club
w:Association Football Club

(soccer) Initialism of Association Football Club.


RF

RF (countable and uncountable, plural RFs)

(baseball) Initialism of right field or right fielder.


PLL

PLL (countable and uncountable, plural PLLs)

(Rubik's Cube) Initialism of permutation of the last layer; after OLL, the rearrangement of the last layer of cubies so that they are in their right places.


Celtic

en-proper noun

Celtic (countable and uncountable, plural Celtics)

Celtics (plural)
Keltic (alternative rare)

Borrowed from French celtique or Latin celticus. First attested in the 17th century.

(soccer) Celtic F.C., a football club from Glasgow, Scotland.


inning

→ Japanese: イニング (iningu)

→ Korean: 이닝 (ining)

Back-formation from innings, mistaken to be plural of the time period, not the entries of the batters/batsmen.

It is a baseball tradition to sing "Take Me Out To the Ball Game" during the seventh inning stretch.

(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.

We batted around in our half of the inning.

(billiards) A player (or team)'s turn at the table to make shots until ended by a miss or a foul.


tee

First attested in the 17th century as teaz, back-formation from obsolete Scots teaz, later reanalyzed as a plural.

(curling) The target area of a curling rink.


appeal

en-noun

appeal (countable and uncountable, plural appeals)

appeals (plural)
appeale (alternative)
appeall (alternative)

From Middle English apel, appel (“formal accusation brought in court; a challenge to trial by combat; an appeal to a higher court or authority; plea (for mercy, protection, etc.); pealing (of bells)”) [and other forms], from Old French apel (“a call”) (modern French appel (“a call; an appeal”)), from apeler (“to call; to call out”), from Latin appellāre (“to address as, call by name; to drive, move to; to land or put ashore”), alternative form adpellāre, from ad- (prefix meaning ‘to; towards’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“at; to”)) + pellere (“to drive, impel, push; to hurl, propel; to banish, expel; to eject, thrust out”) + -āre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”), from *pel- (“to beat; to drive; to push”). Doublet of appel.

çağırış

call to a person or an authority for a decision, help, or proof — see also entreaty

A call to a person or an authority for a decision, help, or proof; an entreaty, an invocation.

(cricket) The act, by the fielding side, of asking an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not.


appeal

en-verb

appeal (third-person singular simple present appeals, present participle appealing, simple past and past participle appealed)

appeals (present singular third-person)
appealing (participle present)
appealed (participle past)
appealed (past)

From Middle English apelen, appelen (“to accuse; to make a formal charge before a court, etc., impeach; to challenge to trial by combat; to apply to a higher court or authority for review of a decision; to call upon for a decision, favour, help, etc.; to call by a name”) [and other forms], from Old French apeler (“to call; to call out”); see further at etymology 1.

nb...

apeal, apeale, apeele, apele, appel, appele

اِسْتَأْنَفَ

(intransitive) to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned

apelovat

to call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one’s rights — see also entreat, invoke

appeal from Philip drunk to Philip sober

(intransitive) To call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one's rights; to entreat, to invoke.

(intransitive, cricket) Of a fielding side; to ask an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not, usually by saying "How's that?" or "Howzat?".

appeleren

(cricket) of a fielding side: to ask an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not


exchange

en-noun

exchange (countable and uncountable, plural exchanges)

From Middle English eschaunge, borrowed from Anglo-Norman eschaunge, from Old French eschange (whence modern French échange), from the verb eschanger, from Vulgar Latin *excambiāre (from Latin ex with Late Latin cambiō). Spelling later changed on the basis of ex-, with pronunciation following. By surface analysis, ex- + change.

(chess) The loss of one piece and associated capture of another.

(usually with "the") The loss of a minor piece (typically a bishop or knight) and associated capture of the more advantageous rook.


expert

From Old French, from Latin expertus, from ex (“out”) + peritus (“experienced, expert”), perfect active participle of the unattested verb *perior (“I go through”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per-.

initiate

anyone initiated, anywhere from basic familiarity to expertise

(chess) A player ranking just below master.


centurion

Borrowed from Latin centuriō, centuriōnis, from centum (“a hundred”).

(cricket) A player who scores a century.


expensive

en-adj

expensive (comparative more expensive, superlative most expensive)

more expensive (comparative)
most expensive (superlative)
expencive (alternative archaic)

From Latin *expēnsīvus, from expendō (“to weigh out (money), to pay out”) (whence English expend). By surface analysis, expense + -ive. In the sense of "high-priced" has largely displaced dear.


imperial

en-noun

imperial (countable and uncountable, plural imperials)

From Middle English imperial, from Old French imperial, from Latin imperiālis (“of the empire or emperor, imperial”), from imperium (“empire, imperial government”) + -ālis, from imperō (“command, order”), from im- (“form of in”) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”). Displaced Old English cāserlīċ.

der

(card games, uncountable) A card game differing from piquet in some minor details, and in having a trump.

(card games, countable) Any of several combinations of cards which score in this game.


over

From Middle English over, from Old English ofer, from Proto-West Germanic *obar, from Proto-Germanic *uber (“over”), from Proto-Indo-European *upér, related to *upó.
Akin to Scots ower, West Frisian oer, Dutch over, Low German over, över, German ober, über, Danish over, Norwegian over, Swedish över, Icelandic yfir, Faroese yvir, Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂 (ufar), Latin super, Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Albanian upri (“group of peasants”), Sanskrit उपरि (upári).
Doublet of uber, super, and hyper.

Jones hit four boundaries in the first over.

In an emotional and electric atmosphere at Lord's, both sides scored 241 in their 50 overs and were level on 15 when they batted for an extra over apiece.

2019 July 14, Stephan Shemilt, “England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic finale against New Zealand”, in BBC Sport, London:

(cricket) A set of six legal balls bowled.

(gambling) A bet that a particular sporting statistic, such a points scored in a game, will be above a certain stated value.


under

From Middle English under, from Old English under, from Proto-West Germanic *undar, from Proto-Germanic *under, from a merger of Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥dʰér (“under”) and *h₁entér (“inside”).
Akin to German unter, Dutch onder, Danish and Norwegian under; also Old High German untar (“under”), Sanskrit अन्तर् (antar, “within”), Latin infrā (“below, beneath”) and inter (“between, among”).

(gambling) A bet that a particular sporting statistic, such as points scored in a game, will be below a certain stated value.


passive

From Middle English passyf, passyve, from Middle French, French passif, from Latin passivus (“serving to express the suffering of an action; in late Latin literally capable of suffering or feeling”), from passus, past participle of pati (“to suffer”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hurt”); compare patient.


penetration

en-noun

penetration (countable and uncountable, plural penetrations)

From Middle English penetracioun, from Old French penetracïon, and its source, Latin penetrātiō, from the participle stem of penetrō (“pierce”, verb). Morphologically penetrate + -ion.

(blackjack) A number or fraction that represents how many cards/decks will be dealt before shuffling, in contrast to the total number of cards/decks in play.


nap

nap (countable and uncountable, plural naps)

From the name of the French emperor Napoleon I of France.

(uncountable, card games) A card game in which players take tricks; properly Napoleon.


transposition

transposition (countable and uncountable, plural transpositions)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-transposition.wav

From Middle French transposition, from Medieval Latin transpositio.

(chess) A sequence of moves resulting in a position that may also be reached by another, more common sequence.


inverse

Recorded since 1440, from Latin inversus, the past participle of invertere (“to invert”), itself from in- (“in, on”) + vertere (“to turn”).

противоположност

opposite of a given due to contrary effects or nature

If the player... be determined to try his luck on the inverse, he must place his money on a yellow circle, or rather a collection of circles, situated at the extremity of the table.

1850, Henry George Bohn, The Hand-book of Games, page 343:

The tailleur never mentions the words ‘Black’ or ‘Inverse’, but always says that Red wins or Red loses, and that the colour wins or the colour loses.

1950, Lawrence Hawkins Dawson, Hoyle's Games Modernized, 20th edition, page 291:

(card games) The winning of the coup in a game of rouge et noir by a card of a color different from that first dealt; the area of the table reserved for bets upon such an outcome.


submarine

When Peterson saw the unusual pitching motion of Kent Tekulve—the submarine pitcher who threw baseballs as though they were coming right out of the rubber slab on the mound—he was the first of many who tried to change Tekulve's delivery.

2005, John McCollister, Tales from the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates: Remembering "The Fam-A-Lee", →ISBN, page 109:

(baseball) Of a pitch, thrown with the hand lower than the elbow.


submarine

submarines (plural)
sub-marine (alternative rare)

(baseball) A pitch delivered with an underhand motion.


single

→ Dutch: single

→ Finnish: sinkku

→ German: Single

→ Indonesian: singel

→ Japanese: シングル (shinguru)

→ Korean: 싱글 (singgeul)

→ Polish: singiel

From Middle English single, sengle, from Old French sengle, saingle, sangle, from Latin singulus, a diminutive derived from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one”). Akin to Latin simplex (“simple”). See simple, and compare singular.

(baseball) A hit in baseball where the batter advances to first base.

(dominoes) A tile that has a different value (i.e. number of pips) at each end.

(Canadian football) A score of one point, awarded when a kicked ball is dead within the non-kicking team's end zone or has exited that end zone.


single

en-verb

single (third-person singular simple present singles, present participle singling, simple past and past participle singled)

singles (present singular third-person)
singling (participle present)
singled (participle past)
singled (past)

Pedro singled in the bottom of the eighth inning, which, if converted to a run, would put the team back into contention.

(baseball) To get a hit that advances the batter exactly one base.


bottom

en-noun

bottom (countable and uncountable, plural bottoms)

bottoms (plural)
botton (alternative dialectal)

→ Dutch: bottom

→ French: bottom

→ Portuguese: bottom

PIE word
 *bʰudʰmḗn
From Middle English botme, botom, from Old English botm, bodan (“bottom, foundation; ground, abyss”), from Proto-West Germanic *butm, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz, *budmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Cognate with Dutch bodem, German Boden, Icelandic botn, Danish bund; also Irish bonn (“sole (of foot)”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom of a cup or jar”), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna, “bottom”), Persian بن (bon, “bottom”), Latin fundus (“bottom”) (whence fund, via French).
The sense “posterior of a person” is first attested in 1794; the verb “to reach the bottom of” is first attested in 1808. bottom dollar (“the last dollar one has”) is from 1882.

cog

(baseball) The second half of an inning, the home team's turn at bat.

下

baseball: second half of an inning, the home team's turn at bat


tattoo

en-verb

tattoo (third-person singular simple present tattoos, present participle tattooing, simple past and past participle tattooed)

tattoos (present singular third-person)
tattooing (participle present)
tattooed (participle past)
tattooed (past)

From earlier tattaow, tattow, a borrowing from a Polynesian language, e.g. Samoan tatau (“tattoo; to tap, to strike”).

cog

Jones tattoos one into the gap in left; that will clear the bases.

(baseball) To hit the ball hard, as if to figuratively leave a tattoo on the ball.


quart

From Middle English quart, quarte, from Old French quarte, carte, from Latin quartus (“one-fourth”). Cognate with Spanish cuarto (“quarter; room, quarters”).

A tierce major is good against any other tierce; a quart minor is good against a tierce major.

1908, Cavendish, The laws of piquet adopted:

(card games) Four successive cards of the same suit.


sailboat

sailboats (plural)
sail-boat (alternative)
sailing boat (alternative)

(slang, card games) A playing card with the rank of four.


combine

en-verb

combine (third-person singular simple present combines, present participle combining, simple past and past participle combined)

combines (present singular third-person)
combining (participle present)
combined (participle past)
combined (past)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle French combiner, from Late Latin combīnāre (“unite, yoke together”), from Latin con- (“together”) + bīnī (“two by two”).

der

(card games) In the game of casino, to play a card which will take two or more cards whose aggregate number of pips equals those of the card played.


combine

If you purchased this book chances are that you are planning on participating in a football combine or pro-day test.

2008, Scott Shetler, Optimal Performance Techniques for the Football Combine, page 5:

In 2008, a study was published that examined the ability of the NFL combine to predict football playing performance in the NFL (Kuzmits and Adams, 2008).

2020, Jay R. Hoffman, The Science of American Football:

At the combine, Reagor compared himself to the 49ers’ Deebo Samuel or Chiefs’ Tyreek Hill — whom he said he watched “every day”

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) A test match in which applicants play in the hope of earning a position on a professional football team.


combination

en-noun

combination (countable and uncountable, plural combinations)

→ Japanese: コンビネーション (konbinēshon)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English combinacioun, combynacyoun, from Old French combination, from Late Latin combīnātiō.
Morphologically combine + -ation

(billiards) A shot where the cue ball hits a ball that strikes another ball on the table.

(chess) An advantageous sequence of forcing or nearly forcing moves, often initiated with a sacrifice.


crossword puzzle

crossword puzzle (plural crossword puzzles)

crossword puzzles (plural)
xword puzzle (alternative)

Humans are not so different, she argues: “We have these incredibly huge brains but we use them to do crossword puzzles – that’s not something that is evolutionarily selected for.”

2019 December 12, Chris Baraniuk, “Crows could be the smartest animal other than primates”, in BBC Future: