free

Hargreaves, who left Manchester United on a free during the summer, drilled a 22-yard beauty to open the scoring.

2011 September 21, Sam Lyon, “Man City 2 - 0 Birmingham”, in BBC Sport:


book

books (plural)
boke (alternative obsolete)
booke (alternative archaic)

Sranan Tongo: buku

desctree

Tok Pisin: buk
→ Rotokas: vuku
→ Takia: buk

→ Chichewa: buku

→ Hawaiian: puke

→ Lingala: búku

→ Malagasy: boky

→ Maori: pukapuka (with reduplication)

→ Marshallese: bok

→ Motu: buka

→ Shona: bhuku

→ Somali: buugga

i

possibly also from Afrikaans <i class="Latn mention" lang="af">boek</i>

→ Sotho: buka (possibly also from Afrikaans boek)

→ Zulu: ibhuku (possibly also from Afrikaans boek)

From Middle English bok, book, from Old English bōc, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Eclipsed non-native Middle English livret, lyveret (“book, booklet”) from Old French livret (“book, booklet”). Bookmaker sense by clipping.

some speakers from Northern England and Ireland

buck (without the foot-strut split, when pronounced /bʊk/)

have more chins than a Chinese phone book

why buy a book when you can join a library

why buy a book when you can join the library

I'm running a book on who is going to win the race.

(gambling) A record of betting (from the use of a notebook to record what each person has bet).

The opposite-colored bishops endgame is usually a book draw.

A book move

out of book

White to move and win. How can he do it? The BK plans a march to h8, eating the f4 pawn en route, for a book draw.

2018 April 6, Leonard Barden, “Chess: Schoolboy Vincent Keymer secures shock triumph at Grenke Open”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 2023-01-12:

This seems certain to simplify into a battle between White's king, rook and two pawns against Black's king and rook. In some cases a book draw is possible. But a book win is more likely.

2020, Andrew Soltis, How to Swindle in Chess, Batsford Books, →ISBN:

(chess, uncountable) The sum of chess knowledge in the opening or endgame.


pound

en-verb

pound (third-person singular simple present pounds, present participle pounding, simple past and past participle pounded)

pounds (present singular third-person)
pounding (participle present)
pounded (participle past)
pounded (past)
poun (alternative)
pown (alternative)

From an alteration of earlier poun, pown, from Middle English pounen, from Old English pūnian (“to pound, beat, bray, bruise, crush”), from Proto-West Germanic *pūn- (“broken pieces, rubble”). Related to Saterland Frisian Pün (“debris, fragments”), West Frisian pún (“debris, rubble”), Dutch puin (“debris, fragments, rubbish”), Low German pun (“fragments”).

cog

enough sense to pound sand into a rathole

The pitcher has been pounding the outside corner all night.

(transitive, baseball, slang) To pitch consistently to a certain location.

pommittaa

baseball: to pitch consistently to a certain location


pie

en-noun

pie (countable and uncountable, plural pies)

→ Bulgarian: пай (paj)

→ Cantonese: 批 (pai¹)

→ Finnish: pai

→ Hebrew: פַּאי

→ Japanese: パイ

desc

→ Kashubian: paja (Canada, United States)

→ Korean: 파이 (pai)

→ Malay: pai

→ Persian: پای (pây)

→ Scottish Gaelic: pàidh

→ Spanish: pay

→ Swedish: paj

→ Tok Pisin: pai

→ Welsh: pei

→ Yiddish: פּײַ (pay)

From Middle English pye, pie, pey, perhaps from Old English *pīe (“pastry”) (compare Old English pīe, pēo (“insect, bug”)), attested in early Middle English piehus (“bakery”, literally “pie-house”) c. 1199. Relation to Medieval Latin pica, pia (“pie, pastry”) is unclear, as there are no similar terms found in any Romance languages; therefore, like Irish pióg (“pie”), the Latin term may have been simply borrowed from the English.
Some sources state the word comes from Latin pīca (“magpie, jay”) (from the idea of the many ingredients put into pies likened to the tendency of magpies to bring a variety of objects back to their nests), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peyk- (“woodpecker; magpie”), though this has its controversies. However, if so, then it is a doublet of pica.

der

(cricket) An especially badly bowled ball.


elephant

en-noun

elephant (countable and uncountable, plural elephants)

→ Hawaiian: ʻelepani

→ Maori: arewhana

→ Tokelauan: elefane

→ Tongan: ʻelefanite

→ Welsh: eliffant

From Middle English elefant, elefaunt, from Old French elefant, elefan, olifant, re-latinized in Middle French as elephant, from Latin elephantus, from Ancient Greek ἐλέφᾱς (eléphās) (gen. ἐλέφαντος (eléphantos)). Believed to be derived from an Afroasiatic form such as Proto-Berber *eḷu (“elephant”) (compare Tamahaq êlu, Tamasheq alu) or Egyptian ꜣbw (“elephant; ivory”). More at ivory. Replaced Middle English olifant (from the aforementioned Old French form, from Vulgar Latin *olifantus), which replaced Old English elpend (“elephant”).

elephant trunk

Pachypodium namaquanum or Agave attenuata

elephant tortoise

Testudo gigantea or Testudo elaphantopus

elephant yam

Amorphophallus konjac or Amorphophallus paeoniifolius

Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant

(xiangqi) A xiangqi piece that is moved two points diagonally, may not jump over intervening pieces and may not cross the river.


brown

brown (countable and uncountable, plural browns)

Bislama: braon

Tok Pisin: braun

→ Welsh: brown

→ Tongan: palauni

From Middle English broun, from Old English brūn (“brown; dark; dusky”), from Proto-West Germanic *brūn, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-. Doublet of bruin.
Cognates
* Dutch bruin
* German braun
* Ancient Greek φρύνη (phrúnē), φρῦνος (phrûnos, “toad”)
* Latin brunneus (“brown”)
* Lithuanian bė́ras (“brown”)
* Sanskrit बभ्रु (babhrú, “reddish-brown”)
* West Frisian brún

cog

(snooker, countable) One of the colour balls used in snooker, with a value of 4 points.


Wednesday

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Wednesday.wav

From Middle English Wednesday, Wednesdai, from unattested Old English *wēdnesdæġ (“Wednesday”), synchronically an i-mutated form of attested wōdnesdæġ (itself from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag, its reflex Middle English Wodnesdei falling into disuse), from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdinas dag also attested in Old Frisian wednesdei and Middle Dutch wenesdach. In any case, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”) and Koine Ancient Greek ἡμέρα (hēméra, “day”) Ἑρμοῦ (Hermoû, “of Hermes”), via an association of the god Odin (“Woden”) with Mercury and Hermes.
Cognate with West Frisian woansdei (“Wednesday”), Afrikaans Woensdag (“Wednesday”), Dutch woensdag (“Wednesday”), Limburgish woonsdig (“Wednesday”), Dutch Low Saxon woonsdag (“Wednesday”), German Low German Woonsdag (“Wednesday”), dialectal German Wodenstag (“Wednesday”), Danish onsdag (“Wednesday”), Norwegian Bokmål onsdag (“Wednesday”), Norwegian Nynorsk onsdag (“Wednesday”), Swedish onsdag (“Wednesday”).
See also Japanese 水曜日 (Mercury's day).

(UK, soccer) Nickname of Sheffield Wednesday of the Football League.


deal

en-verb

deal (third-person singular simple present deals, present participle dealing, simple past and past participle dealt or (nonstandard) dealed)

deals (present singular third-person)
dealing (participle present)
dealt (participle past)
dealt (past)
dealed (nonstandard participle past)
dealed (nonstandard past)

From Middle English delen, from Old English dǣlan (“to divide, part”), from Proto-West Germanic *dailijan, from Proto-Germanic *dailijaną (“to divide, part, deal”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰail- (“part, watershed”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian diele (“to divide, separate”), Dutch delen, German teilen, Swedish dela; and with Lithuanian dalinti (“divide”), Russian дели́ть (delítʹ).

syöttää

baseball slang: to pitch — see also pitch

The whole crowd waited for him to deal a real humdinger.


deal

→ French: deal

→ German: Deal

→ Lithuanian: dylas

I didn’t have a good deal all evening.

I believe it's your deal.

(card games) The distribution of cards to players; a player's turn for this.


head

en-noun

head (countable and uncountable, plural heads or head)

heads (plural)
head (plural)
heed (alternative obsolete)
hed (alternative obsolete)
'ead (alternative UK pronunciation-spelling)

→ Japanese: ヘッド (heddo)

Sranan Tongo: ede

Aukan: ede

Saramaccan: hédi

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kap-
Proto-Indo-European *káput-
Proto-Germanic *haubudą
Old English hēafod
Middle English heed
English head
From Middle English hed, from Old English hēafd-, hēafod (“head; top; chief”), from Proto-West Germanic *haubud, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *káput.
The modern word comes from Old English oblique stem hēafd-; the expected Modern English outcome for hēafod would be *heaved (similar to the Middle English word). Doublet of cape, capo, caput, chef, chief, and Howth.
Cognate with Scots heid, hede, hevid, heved (“head”), Old English hafola (“head”), North Frisian hood (“head”), Dutch hoofd (“head”), German Haupt (“head”), Swedish huvud (“head”), Danish hoved (“head”), Icelandic höfuð (“head”), Latin caput (“head”), Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull”), Hindi कपाल (kapāl, “skull”).

頭

つぶり, tsuburi, つぃぶる, tsiburu, つぃぶるぃ, tsiburi

pää

have one's head screwed on the right way

know one's head from a hole in the ground

run around like a chicken with its head cut off

would lose one's head if it wasn't attached

would lose one's head if it wasn't bolted on

would lose one's head if it wasn't glued on

would lose one's head if it wasn't screwed on

would lose one's head if it wasn't stuck on

would lose one's head if it wasn't tied on

would lose one's head if it weren't attached

you can't put an old head on young shoulders

you can't put a wise head on young shoulders

(countable) The topmost, foremost, or leading part.

(billiards) The end of a pool table opposite the end where the balls have been racked.

(countable) The principal operative part of a machine or tool.

(lacrosse) The top part of a lacrosse stick that holds the ball.


aboard

From Middle English abord, from a- (“on”) + bord (“board, side of a ship”); equivalent to a- + board.

He doubled with two men aboard, scoring them both.


on

Etymology tree
Proto-West Germanic *ana
Old English on
Middle English on
English on
From Middle English on, from Old English on, an (“on, upon, onto, in, into”), from Proto-West Germanic *ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana (“on, at”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-.
Cognate with North Frisian a (“on, in”), Saterland Frisian an (“on, at”), West Frisian oan (“on, at”), Dutch aan (“on, at, to”), Low German an (“on, at”), German an (“to, at, on”), Swedish å (“on, at, in”), Faroese á (“on, onto, in, at”), Icelandic á (“on, in”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ana), Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, upon”), Albanian në (“in”); and from Old Norse upp á: Danish på, Swedish på, Norwegian på, see upon.

etymon

Southern US, Midland US, Philadelphia, Baltimore

With one out and no men on, Tristen Carranza belted a ball to the opposite field for a solo home run to put the NM State deficit at just 2-1.

2019 February 24, Chris Kennedy, “Aggies Earn Series Win Over Yale in Sunday Finale”, in New Mexico State University Athletics:

Although Stanford was outhit 15-6, the Cardinal stranded eight runners to UCLA's three, hitting just 3-15 with runners on compared to the Bruin's 9-22.

2019 April 6, Daniel Martinez-Krams, “Baseball Falls Short in Game 2 of UCLA Series”, in The Stanford Daily:

(baseball, informal) Having reached a base as a runner and being positioned there, awaiting further action from a subsequent batter.

The captain moved two fielders to the on side.

Ponsonby-Smythe hit a thumping on drive.

(cricket) Within the half of the field on the same side as the batsman's legs; the left side for a right-handed batsman.

If the player fails to hit the ball on, it's a foul.

(snooker, postpositive) Of a ball, being the next in sequence to be potted, according to the rules of the game.


on

off

antonym(s) of “active, functioning, operating”

Tamil: ஆன் (āṉ)

The black was previously unavailable, but in potting that red, he's now pushed the black on.

(snooker) Of a ball, into a pottable position.


on

All the way around the table, off four cushions, and ... and he's on the black!

(snooker) In a position of being able to pot (a given ball).


bone

en-noun

bone (countable and uncountable, plural bones)

bones (plural)
bane (alternative dialectal)
byen (alternative dialectal)

From Middle English bon, from Old English bān (“bone, tusk; the bone of a limb”), from Proto-Germanic *bainą (“bone”), from *bainaz (“straight”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to hit, strike, beat”).
Cognate with Scots bane, been, bean, bein, bain (“bone”), North Frisian bien (“bone”), West Frisian bien (“bone”), Dutch been (“bone; leg”), German Low German Been, Bein (“bone”), German Bein (“leg”), German Gebein (“bones”), Swedish ben (“bone; leg”), Norwegian and Icelandic bein (“bone”), Breton benañ (“to cut, hew”), Latin perfinēs (“break through, break into pieces, shatter”), Avestan 𐬠𐬫𐬈𐬥𐬙𐬈 (byente, “they fight, hit”). Related also to Old Norse beinn (“straight, right, favourable, advantageous, convenient, friendly, fair, keen”) (whence Middle English bain, bayne, bayn, beyn (“direct, prompt”), Scots bein, bien (“in good condition, pleasant, well-to-do, cosy, well-stocked, pleasant, keen”)), Icelandic beinn (“straight, direct, hospitable”), Norwegian bein (“straight, direct, easy to deal with”). See bain, bein.

cog

sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me

what's bred in the bone will come out in the flesh

(American football, informal) The wishbone formation.


season

→ Japanese: シーズン (shīzun)

→ Korean: 시즌 (sijeun)

From Middle English sesoun, seson (“time of the year”), from Old French seson, saison (“time of sowing, seeding”), from Latin satiō (“act of sowing, planting”) from satum, past participle of serō (“to sow, plant”) from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow, plant”). Akin to Old English sāwan (“to sow”), sǣd (“seed”). Doublet of saison. Displaced native Middle English sele (“season”) (from Old English sǣl (“season, time, occasion”)), Middle English tide (“season, time of year”) (from Old English tīd (“time, period, yeartide, season”)).

temps

(obsolete) an extended, undefined period of time

(cricket) The period over which a series of Test matches are played.


color

colors (plural)
colour (alternative Commonwealth Ireland)
usage notes (alternative)

From Middle English colour, color, borrowed from Anglo-Norman colur, from Old French colour, color, from Latin color. Doublet of couleur.
Displaced English blee, Middle English blee (“color”), from Old English blēo. Also partially replaced Old English hīew (“color”) and its descendants (English hue), which is less often used in this sense.
The spelling color was popularized in modern American English by Noah Webster, to match the spelling of the word's Latin etymon, and make all American spellings of the derivatives consistent (colorimeter, coloration, colorize, colorless, etc).

колори́т

interest, especially in a selective area

(snooker) Any of the colored balls excluding the reds.


die

From Middle English dee, from Old French de (Modern French dé), from Latin datum, from datus (“given”), the past participle of dō (“to give”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to lay out, to spread out”). Doublet of datum.
Replaced Old English tasul, tesul (“die”), from Latin tessella (“die, cube”).

der

The number of dies per wafer is basically the area of the wafer divided by the area of the die.

2002, John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 19:

Once the wafer has undergone the wafer-probe test, it is separated into individual dice by sawing or scribing and breaking. The dice are visually inspected, sorted, and readied for assembly into packages.

2009, Paul R. Gray, Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits, 5th edition, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 159:

(semiconductors, plural also dice) An oblong chip fractured from a semiconductor wafer engineered to perform as an independent device or integrated circuit.


in

en-adj

in (comparative more in, superlative most in)

more in (comparative)
most in (superlative)
i' (alternative colloquial poetic)

→ Portuguese: in

PIE word
 *h₁en
Preposition and verb from Middle English in, from Old English in, from Proto-Germanic *in.
Adverb, noun and adjective from Middle English in, from Old English inn and inne, from Proto-Germanic *innai.
Sense 1/2 "in"/"into" are from the original PIE prefix, with locative/accusative case respectively. Sense 3/4 "qualification"/"means" are from the PIE metaphor of all infinitives coming from locatives.


seven

en-noun

seven (countable and uncountable, plural sevens)

sevens (plural)
VII (alternative)
sev'n (alternative)

PIE word
 *septḿ̥
From Middle English seven, from Old English seofon (“seven”), from Proto-West Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥ (“seven”).
Cognate with Scots seiven (“seven”), West Frisian sân (“seven”), Saterland Frisian soogen (“seven”), Low German söven (“seven”), Dutch zeven (“seven”), German sieben (“seven”), Danish syv (“seven”), Norwegian sju (“seven”), Icelandic sjö (“seven”), Latin septem (“seven”), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”), Russian семь (semʹ), Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptán).

(countable, card games) A card bearing seven pips.


sky

en-verb

sky (third-person singular simple present skies, present participle skying, simple past and past participle skied or skyed)

skies (present singular third-person)
skying (participle present)
skied (participle past)
skied (past)
skyed (participle past)
skyed (past)

The noun is derived from Middle English sky (“sky; cloud; mist”), also spelled ski, skie, [and other forms], from Old Norse ský (“cloud”), from Proto-Germanic *skiwją (“cloud; sky”), from *skiwô (“cloud; cloud cover, haze; sky”) (whence Old English sċēo (“cloud”) and Middle English skew (“air; sky; (rare) cloud”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover; to conceal, hide”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
The English word is cognate with Old English scēo (“cloud”), Old Saxon scio, skio, skeo (“light cloud cover”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål sky (“cloud”), Old Irish ceo (“mist, fog”), Irish ceo (“mist, fog”). It is also related to Old English scūa (“shadow, darkness”), Latin obscūrus (“dark, shadowy”), Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunāti, “he covers”). See also hide, hose, house, hut, shoe.

nb...

schi, schie, schye, sci, scki, scky, scy, skei, skiʒe, skiȝe, sky, skye, (Early Middle English) skige

cog

Hernandez [i.e., Félix Hernández] walked the bases loaded, then fell behind 3–1 in the count to Bobby Abreu, who then skied the next pitch to left for a sacrifice fly.

2009 September 8, Geoff Baker, “Seattle Mariners at Los Angeles Angels: 09/08 game thread”, in The Seattle Times, Seattle, Wash.: The Seattle Times Company, published 29 November 2012, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-09-18:

Van Persie [i.e., Robin van Persie] skied a penalty, conceded by Gary Caldwell who was sent off, and also hit the post before scoring his third with a shot at the near post.

2011 January 22, Tim Love, “Arsenal 3 – 0 Wigan”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2021-03-25:

(ball games) To hit, kick, or throw (a ball) extremely high.

(ball games) To hit, kick, or throw a ball extremely high.


numeral

As an adjective, from Middle English numeral, numerall, from Latin numerālis (“pertaining to a number”), from numerus (“a number”).
As a noun, via Middle French numeral.

der

Jacks, queens, and kings are not numerals.

(card games) A card whose rank is a number (usually including the ace as 1).


quarter

en-noun

quarter (countable and uncountable, plural quarters)

From Middle English quarter, from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartarius, from quartus. Compare Spanish cuarto (“room, quarters; quarter”). Doublet of quartier.

cog

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-quarter.wav

(now rare, rugby, American football) A quarterback.


one

ones (plural)
wone (alternative obsolete)
I (alternative)

PIE word
 *h₁óynos
From Middle English oon, on, oan, an, from Old English ān (“one”), from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“single, one”).
Cognate with Scots ae, ane, wan, yin (“one”); North Frisian ån (“one”); Saterland Frisian aan (“one”); West Frisian ien (“one”); Dutch een, één (“one”); German Low German een; German ein, eins (“one”); Danish en (“one”); Swedish en (“one”); Norwegian Nynorsk ein (“one”), Icelandic einn (“one”); Latin ūnus (“one”) (Old Latin oinos); Russian оди́н (odín), Spanish uno. Doublet of a, an, and Uno.
The use as an indefinite personal pronoun may have been influenced by unrelated French on, although the Germanic languages widely use cognates for the same sense (usually in non-subject function, but also in subject function, e.g. Luxembourgish een).
Verb form from Middle English onen.

inh

(by ellipsis) Used to briefly refer to a noun phrase understood by context

(cricket) One run scored by hitting the ball and running between the wickets; a single.


three

threes (plural)
thre (alternative)
þree (alternative)
threy (alternative)
thrie (alternative)

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English thre, threo, thrie, thri, from Old English þrī, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Doublet of tres and trey.
Cognate with German drei, Albanian tre, Armenian երեք (erekʻ), Latin trēs, Latvian trīs, Lithuanian trỹs, Greek τρεῖς (treîs), Old Church Slavonic трьѥ (trĭje), and others.

shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations

(basketball) Abbreviation of three-pointer.

kolmonen

basketball: abbreviation of three-pointer


four

en-noun

four (countable and uncountable, plural fours)

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

non-rhotic, dough–door merger, African-American Vernacular

PIE word
 *kʷetwóres
From Middle English four, from Old English fēower, from Proto-West Germanic *feuwar, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from previous pre-Grimm *petwṓr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, the neuter form of *kʷetwóres. Doublet of cuatro and quatre.
Cognates include Scots fower, Saterland Frisian fjauer, West Frisian fjouwer, Dutch vier, German Low German veer, German vier, Norwegian Bokmål and Danish fire, Swedish fyra, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐍅𐍉𐍂 (fidwōr) and, more distantly, Latin quattuor (whence Spanish cuatro, French quatre), Ancient Greek τέσσαρες (téssares), Irish ceathair, Armenian չորս (čʻors), Lithuanian keturi, Albanian katër, Sanskrit चतुर् (catur).

четворка

rowing: four-man sweep racing shell or its crew

(cricket, countable) An event in which the batsmen run four times between the wickets or, more often, a batsman hits a ball which bounces on the ground before passing over a boundary, resulting in an award of 4 runs for the batting team. If the ball does not bounce before passing over the boundary, a six is awarded instead.

(basketball, countable) A power forward.


five

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English five, vif, fif, from Old English fīf (“five”), from Proto-West Germanic *fimf (“five”), from Proto-Germanic *fimf (“five”), from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
See also West Frisian fiif, Dutch vijf, German fünf, Norwegian and Swedish fem, Icelandic fimm; also Welsh pump, Latin quinque, Tocharian A päñ, Tocharian B piś, Lithuanian penki, Russian пять (pjatʹ), Albanian pesë, pêsë, Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Armenian հինգ (hing), Persian پنج (panj), Sanskrit पञ्च (páñca). Doublet of cinque, fin (“five currency units”), finnuf, pimp (“five”), ponzu, punch (“beverage”), and sengi (“currency”); related to Pompeii.
The nasal *m in Proto-Germanic *fimf was lost through a sound change known as the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law.

doublet

put two and two together and come up with five

that and twenty-five cents will get you a cup of coffee

(basketball) A basketball team, club or lineup.


tables

(backgammon) The halves or quarters of a backgammon board.


second

seconds (plural)
2ⁿᵈ (alternative)
2ᵈ (alternative)
IInd (alternative)
II (alternative)
II. (alternative)

From Middle English secunde, second, secound, secund, borrowed from Old French second, seond, from Latin secundus (“following, next in order”), from root of sequor (“I follow”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Doublet of secund and secundo. Displaced native twoth and partially displaced native other (from Old English ōþer (“other; next; second”)).


century

/ˈsɛnt͡ʃʊɹi/

From Middle English centurie (“a count of one hundred (of anything); a division of the Roman army; century; a division of land”), from Old French centurie, from Latin centuria, from centum (“one hundred”). The most common modern use is a shortening of century of years.

inh

(cricket) A hundred runs scored either by a single player in one innings, or by two players in a partnership.

That was his tenth professional century.

(snooker) A score of one hundred points.


point

en-noun

point (countable and uncountable, plural points)

→ Cantonese: point

→ Indonesian: poin

→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)

→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)

→ Malay: poin

From Middle English poynt, from Old French point m (“dot; minute amount”), from Latin pūnctum (“a hole punched in; a point, puncture”), substantive use of pūnctus m, perfect passive participle of pungō (“I prick, punch”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”)); alternatively, from Old French pointe f (“sharp tip”), from Latin pūncta f (past participle). Mostly displaced native Middle English ord (“point”), from Old English ord (“point”). Doublet of pointe, ponto, puncto, punctum, punt, and punto.

kärki

position at the front or vanguard of an advancing force

decimal point

not used when reading decimal fractions aloud

(backgammon) Each of the twelve triangular positions in either table of a backgammon board, on which the stones are played.

kiila

backgammon: one of the twelve triangular positions

In various sports, a position of a certain player, or, by extension, the player occupying that position.

(cricket, countable, uncountable) A fielding position square of the wicket on the off side, between gully and cover.

pointe

cricket: fielding position between gully and cover

(lacrosse, ice hockey, countable, uncountable) The position of the player of each side who stands a short distance in front of the goalkeeper.

(baseball, countable, uncountable) The position of the pitcher and catcher.


port

Inherited from the Old English port, from the Latin porta (“passage, gate”), reinforced by the Old French porte. Doublet of porta.

(curling, bowls) A space between two stones wide enough for a delivered stone or bowl to pass through.


six

PIE word
 *swéḱs
From Middle English six, from Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs. Compare West Frisian seis, Dutch zes, Low German söss, sess, German sechs, Norwegian and Danish seks, also Latin sex, Ancient Greek ἕξ (héx), Sanskrit षष् (ṣaṣ). Doublet of sice. Toilet sense predates military usage.

Table of cardinal numbers 0 to 9 in various languages

(card games) A playing card featuring six pips.

England required 15 from the last over of the regular match. Ben Stokes hit a six and benefited when a throw from the deep hit him and went for four overthrows.

2019 July 14, Stephan Shemilt, “England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic finale against New Zealand”, in BBC Sport, London:

(cricket) An event whereby a batsman hits a ball which does not bounce before passing over a boundary in the air, resulting in an award of 6 runs for the batting team.


trillion

Coined by Harvey Pollack, because of the way the numbers read across a basketball box score.

(basketball, slang) A statistic formed by a player playing some number of minutes, but recording no stats.


libero

From Italian libero (literally “free one”). So called because he has no direct opponent to mark and is therefore free to join in the offensive. The volleyball use is younger.

Nicknamed “Der Kaiser”, Beckenbauer was as elegant as he was dominant, and such was his assurance in possession that he came to master the modern sweeper role, or libero. More so, he is credited with creating it.

2024 January 8, Sachin Nakrani, “Franz Beckenbauer, World Cup-winning captain and manager, dies aged 78”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(soccer) A central defender to whom no forward is assigned for marking, forming the last line of defence and often initiating the offensive play.

(volleyball) A designated back-row player intended to be used as a ball-control specialist.


nine

en:High availability#"Nines"
en:Nines (notation)
nine

PIE word
 *h₁néwn̥
From Middle English nyne, nine, from Old English nigon (“nine”), from Proto-West Germanic *neun, from Proto-Germanic *newun (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”). Cognate with Scots neen, nine (“nine”), Saterland Frisian njúgen (“nine”), West Frisian njoggen (“nine”), Dutch negen (“nine”), German Low German negen (“nine”), German neun (“nine”), Danish ni (“nine”), Swedish nio (“nine”), Icelandic níu (“nine”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun, “nine”), Latin novem (“nine”), Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa, “nine”), Sanskrit नवन् (navan, “nine”).

my very educated mother just served us nine pizzas

my very educated mother just served us nine pumpkins

my very excellent mother just served us nine pizzas

(card games) A playing card with nine pips.

The St. Louis club is the only nine in the league which gives its patrons the right to see a full game or no pay.

(baseball) A baseball club, team, or lineup (composed of nine players).


ten

en-noun

ten (countable and uncountable, plural tens)

PIE word
 *déḱm̥
From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen.

not touch something with a ten-foot pole

(countable, card games) A card in a given suit with a value of ten.


crap

(gambling, dice games) A losing throw of 2, 3, or 12 in craps.


stock

stock (countable and uncountable, plural stocks or (obsolete) stocken)

stocks (plural)
stocken (obsolete plural)

→ Dutch: stock

desctree

→ French: stock
→ Romanian: stoc
→ Turkish: stok

→ Italian: stock

→ Portuguese: estoque

→ Spanish: stock

From Middle English stok, from Old English stocc, from Proto-West Germanic *stokk, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“tree-trunk”), with modern senses mostly referring either to the trunk from which the tree grows (figuratively, its origin and/or support/foundation), or to a piece of wood, stick, or rod. The senses of "supply" and "raw material" arose from a probable conflation with steck (“an item of goods, merchandise”) or the use of split tally sticks consisting of foil or counterfoil and stock to capture paid taxes, debts or exchanges. Doublet of chock.

stark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)

en:stack of undealt cards, in a card game

(card games, in a card game) A stack of undealt cards made available to the players.


stock

en-verb

stock (third-person singular simple present stocks, present participle stocking, simple past and past participle stocked)

stocks (present singular third-person)
stocking (participle present)
stocked (participle past)
stocked (past)

(card games, dated) To arrange cards in a certain manner for cheating purposes; to stack the deck.


pencil

pencils (plural)
pensill (alternative obsolete)

Tok Pisin: pensil

→ Bole: pensur

→ Central Dusun: pinsil

→ Central Melanau: pisil

→ Dhivehi: ފަންސުރު (fan̊suru)

desc

→ Gulf Arabic: بِنْسِل (pinsil, binsil) (obsolete)

→ Hausa: fensir

→ Hindi: पेंसिल (pensil), पेन्सिल (pensil)

→ Iban: pinsil

→ Indonesian: pènsil

→ Maguindanao: pinsil

or via Tok Pisin <i class="Latn mention" lang="tpi">pensil</i>

→ Maia: pensil (or via Tok Pisin pensil)

→ Malay: pensel

→ Malayalam: പെൻസിൽ (peṉsil)

→ Marshallese: pinjeļ

→ Pennsylvania German: Bensil

→ Scottish Gaelic: peansail

→ Swahili: penseli

→ Swazi: ípénseli

→ Tagalog: pensil

→ Tausug: pinsil

→ Telugu: పెన్సిలు (pensilu)

→ Welsh: pensil, pensel

→ Xhosa: ípénsile

→ Yoruba: pẹ́ńsù

From Anglo-Norman and Old French pincil (see the variant pincel, which gave rise to Modern French pinceau (“paintbrush”)), from Latin pēnicillum, diminutive of pēniculus (“brush”), itself a diminutive of pēnis (“tail; penis”). Not related to pen.

And most important of all, Cully now had 'The Pencil', that most coveted of Las Vegas powers.

power of the pencil
power of the pencil#English

(gambling) Ellipsis of power of the pencil.


AL

(US, Canada, baseball) Initialism of American League.


war

en-noun

war (countable and uncountable, plural wars)

wars (plural)
warre (alternative)
warr (alternative)

From Middle English werre, from Late Old English werre, wyrre (“armed conflict”), from Old Northern French werre (compare modern French guerre), from Medieval Latin werra, from Frankish *werru (“confusion; quarrel”), from Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“to mix up, confuse, beat, thresh”). Gradually displaced native Old English beadu, hild, ġewinn, orleġe, wīġ, and many others as the general term for "war" during the Middle English period.
Related to Old High German werra (“confusion, strife, quarrel”) and German verwirren (“to confuse”), but not to Wehr (“defense”). Also related to Old Saxon werran (“to confuse, perplex”), Dutch war (“confusion, disarray”), West Frisian war (“confusion”),
Old English wyrsa, wiersa (“worse”), Old Norse verri (“worse, orig. confounded, mixed up”), Italian guerra (“war”). There may be a connection with worse and wurst.

cog

Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River

Washington Crossing the Delaware (1851 painting)

аибашьра

conflict involving organized use of arms

we have always been at war with Eastasia

We played crazy eights, war, fifty-two card pickup. Rudy flipped the whole deck across the table at me and the cards sailed to the floor, kings, queens, deuces.

2004, Karen Salyer McElmurray, Strange Birds in the Tree of Heaven:

(uncountable, card games) Any of a family of card games where all cards are dealt at the beginning of play and players attempt to capture them all, typically involving no skill and only serving to kill time.


BBC

en-noun

BBC (countable and uncountable, plural BBCs)

Coordinate term: MSN

(soccer, informal) Initialism of Karim Benzema, Gareth Bale and Cristiano Ronaldo, the forward of Real Madrid between 2013 and 2018.


relegate

en-verb

relegate (third-person singular simple present relegates, present participle relegating, simple past and past participle relegated)

relegates (present singular third-person)
relegating (participle present)
relegated (participle past)
relegated (past)
religate (alternative)

First attested in 1561, borrowed from Latin relēgātus, the past participle of relēgō (“to dispatch, banish”).

After finishing second-bottom in the table, United were relegated from the division.

(transitive, in extended use) Consign or assign.

(sports, chiefly soccer) Transfer (a sports team) to a lower-ranking league division.


bank

en-noun

bank (countable and uncountable, plural banks)

banks (plural)
banck (alternative obsolete)
bancke (alternative obsolete)
banke (alternative obsolete)

→ Albanian: bankë

→ Assamese: বেংক (beṅko)

→ Bandjalang: banggu

→ English: bungoo

→ Bengali: ব্যাংক (bêṅko)

→ Bislama: bang

→ Bole: banki

→ Burmese: ဘဏ် (bhan)

→ Chichewa: banki

→ Fijian: baqe

→ Gujarati: બેંક (beṅk)

→ Hausa: banki

→ Hawaiian: panakō

→ Hindi: बैंक (baiṅk)

→ Indonesian: bank

→ Japanese: バンク (banku)

→ Kamba: mbengi

→ Kannada: ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ (byāṅk)

→ Kikuyu: bengi

→ Luhya: ebank

→ Maori: pēke

→ Marathi: बँक (bĕṅka)

→ Meru: mbengi

→ Nepali: बैंक (baiṅka)

→ Punjabi: ਬੈਂਕ (baiṅk)

→ Swahili: benki

→ Tamil: வங்கி (vaṅki)

→ Telugu: బ్యాంకు (byāṅku)

→ Thai: แบงก์ (bɛ́ng)

→ Tongan: pangikē

→ Welsh: banc

→ Urdu: بینک (baiṅk)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.
Proto-Germanic *bankiz
Proto-West Germanic *banki
Lombardic bankbor.
Italian bancabor.
Middle French banqueder.
English bank
From Middle English banke, from Middle French banque, from Italian banca (“counter, moneychanger's bench or table”), from Lombardic bank (“bench, counter”), from Proto-West Germanic *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench, counter”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to turn, curve, bend, bow”). Doublet of bench, banc, and banco.
For the bench-bank relation, compare typologically Russian ла́вка (lávka), прила́вок (prilávok).

der

(gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses.


apple

qualifier

< <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">apples</i>

→ Abenaki: aples (< apples)

→ Arikara: ápos (< apples)

→ Assamese: আপেল (apel)

→ Bengali: আপেল (apel)

→ Dhivehi: އާފަލު (āfalu)

→ Dzongkha: ཨེ་པཱལ (e pāl)

→ East Futuna: apo

→ Fijian: yapolo

→ Fiji Hindi: aapul

→ Finnish: äpyli

→ Malay: epal (Malaysia)

→ Malayalam: ആപ്പിൾ (āppiḷ)

→ Maori: āporo

→ Marshallese: abōļ

→ Sinhalese: ඇපල් (æpal)

→ Sotho: apole

Sylheti: ꠀꠄꠚꠟ (aefól)

→ Tamil: ஆப்பிள் (āppiḷ)

→ Telugu: ఆపిల్ (āpil)

desc

→ Thai: แอปเปิล (ɛ́p-bpə̂n)

→ Thai: แอปเปิล (ɛ́p-bpə̂n)

→ Tokelauan: apu

→ Tok Pisin: apel

→ Yurok: 'erplers (< apples)

Book of Genesis
Frans Floris
Malmö Art Museum
The Fall of Man

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl
Proto-Germanic *aplaz
Proto-West Germanic *applu
Old English æppel
Middle English appel
English apple
The noun is derived from Middle English appel (“Malus domestica fruit or tree, apple; any type of fruit, nut, or tuber; tree bearing fruit; (figurative) ball, sphere; (Christianity) forbidden fruit in Eden”), from Old English æppel (“apple; any type of fruit; (figurative) ball, sphere; eyeball”), from Proto-West Germanic *applu (“apple; any type of fruit”), from Proto-Germanic *aplaz (“apple; any type of fruit”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl, *h₂ébl̥ (“apple”).
As regards sense 1.4 (“forbidden fruit”), the type of fruit eaten by Adam and Eve is not identified in the Book of Genesis in the Bible. It may have come to be identified with the apple because of the similarity between Latin mālum (“apple”) and malum (“evil; misery, torment; wrongdoing”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
Cognate with Danish æble, Dutch appel, German Apfel, Irish úll, Lithuanian óbuolỹs, Russian я́блоко (jábloko), Scots aipple, Swedish äpple, Welsh afal, West Frisian apel, possibly Ancient Greek ἄμπελος (ámpelos, “vine”).

ref

From the collection of the Malmö Art Museum in Malmö, Scania, Sweden.

omena

something which resembles the fruit of Malus domestica

the apple doesn't fall far from the tree

the apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest

Hey Dad! What do you say we toss the old apple around, huh? Sound like fun?

1990 February 25, Matt Groening, Al Jean, Mike Reiss, Sam Simon, “The Telltale Head”, in The Simpsons, season 1, episode 8:

Malus domestica
Malus domestica#Translingual

A common, firm, round fruit produced by a tree of the genus Malus.

Something which resembles the fruit of Malus domestica (sense 1.1) in shape (such as a ball, breast, or globe) or colour.

(obsolete, baseball, slang) In full old apple: a baseball.


open

en-adj

open (comparative more open or (phonetics) opener, superlative most open or (phonetics) openest)

more open (comparative)
opener (comparative)
most open (superlative)
openest (superlative)

closed-source

antonym(s) of “with a free license and no proprietary components”

Adjective from Middle English open, from Old English open (“open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opan, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”), from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“up from under, over”).
Cognates
* Scots apen (“open”)
* Saterland Frisian eepen (“open”)
* West Frisian iepen (“open”)
* Dutch open (“open”)
* Low German open, apen (“open”)
* German offen (“open”)
* Danish åben (“open”)
* Swedish öppen (“open”)
* Norwegian Bokmål åpen (“open”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk open (“open”)
* Icelandic opinn (“open”)
 Compare also Latin supinus (“on one's back, supine”), Albanian hap (“to open”). Related to up.
Verb from Middle English openen, from Old English openian (“to open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opanōn, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną (“to raise; lift; open”), from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”, adjective). Cognate with Saterland Frisian eepenje (“to open”), West Frisian iepenje (“to open”), Dutch openen (“to open”), German öffnen (“to open”), Danish åbne (“to open”), Swedish öppna (“to open”), Norwegian Bokmål åpne (“to open”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic opna (“to open”). Related to English up.
Noun from Middle English open (“an aperture or opening”), from the verb. In the sports sense, however, a shortening of “open competition”.

inh

at church every time the doors swing open

Compared to their last match, which was a dour and defensive affair, this was a very open game.

(sports and games) Characterised by free-flowing play.

Not hidden or restricted.
Characterised by free-flowing play.


open

en-verb

open (third-person singular simple present opens, present participle opening, simple past and past participle opened)

opens (present singular third-person)
opening (participle present)
opened (participle past)
opened (past)
open (infinitive)
open (first-person present singular)
opened (first-person past singular)
open (present second-person singular)
openest (archaic present second-person singular)
opened (past second-person singular)
openedst (archaic past second-person singular)
opens (present singular third-person)
openeth (archaic present singular third-person)
opened (past singular third-person)
open (plural present)
opened (past plural)
open (present subjunctive)
opened (past subjunctive)
open (imperative present)
opening (participle present)
opened (participle past)

(intransitive, cricket) To begin a side's innings as one of the first two batsmen.


AA

en:Alcoholics Anonymous
en:Anna's Archive
en:The AA

(US, baseball) Double-A: the second-highest level of play in Minor League Baseball after Triple-A (AAA).

American Association
w:American Association (20th century)

(US, historical, baseball) Initialism of American Association: an American minor league baseball league from 1902 to 1962 and 1969 to 1997.


wall

From Middle English wal, from Old English weall (“wall, dike, earthwork, rampart, dam, rocky shore, cliff”), from Proto-West Germanic *wall (“wall, rampart, entrenchment”), from Latin vallum (“wall, rampart, entrenchment, palisade”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”).
Perhaps conflated with waw (“a wall within a house or dwelling, a room partition”), from Middle English wawe, from Old English wāg, wāh (“an interior wall, divider”), see waw.
Cognate with North Frisian wal (“wall”), Saterland Frisian Waal (“wall, rampart, mound”), Dutch wal (“wall, rampart, embankment”), German Wall (“rampart, mound, embankment”), Swedish vall (“mound, wall, bank”). More at wallow, walk.

cog

throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

Blackburn were the recipients of another dose of fortune when from another Thomas pass Odemwingie was brought down by Jones inside the penalty area, but referee Mark Clattenburg awarded a free-kick which Chris Brunt slammed into the wall.

2011 January 23, Alistair Magowan, “Blackburn 2-0 West Brom”, in BBC:

(soccer) A line of defenders set up between an opposing free-kick taker and the goal.

(mahjong) Face-down tiles arranged in stacked rows from which players draw new tiles.


take

en-verb

take (third-person singular simple present takes, present participle taking, simple past took, past participle taken or (archaic or Scotland) tane)

takes (present singular third-person)
taking (participle present)
took (past)
taken (participle past)
tane (Scotland archaic participle past)
take (infinitive)
take (first-person present singular)
took (first-person past singular)
take (present second-person singular)
takest (archaic present second-person singular)
took (past second-person singular)
tookst (archaic past second-person singular)
tookest (archaic past second-person singular)
takes (present singular third-person)
taketh (archaic present singular third-person)
took (past singular third-person)
take (plural present)
took (past plural)
take (present subjunctive)
took (past subjunctive)
take (imperative present)
taking (participle present)
taken (participle past)
took (colloquial dialectal participle past)

Brill Publishers
Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

From Middle English taken (“to take, lay hold of, grasp, strike”), from Old English tacan (“to grasp, touch”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse taka (“to touch, take”), from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to touch”), from pre-Germanic *deh₁g- (“to touch”), possibly a phonetically altered form of Proto-Indo-European *te-th₂g- (“to touch, take”) (see there for details).
Gradually displaced native Middle English nimen (“to take”; see nim), from Old English niman (“to take”).
Cognates
Scots tak, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk taka (“to take”), Norwegian Bokmål ta (“to take”), Swedish ta (“to take”), Danish tage (“to take, seize”), Middle Dutch taken (“to grasp”), Dutch taken (“to take; grasp”), Middle Low German tacken (“to grasp”). English thack may be from the same root. Compare tackle. Despite superficial similarity, unrelated to Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to take by hand, obtain”), which is instead cognate with English thig (“to beg”).

gloss

“to take”; see <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">nim</i>

unést

to support or carry without failing or breaking

(transitive) To get into one's hands, possession, or control, with or without force.

(transitive, cricket) To catch the ball; especially as a wicket-keeper and after the batsman has missed or edged it.

He'll probably take this one.

(transitive, baseball) To decline to swing at (a pitched ball); to refrain from hitting at, and allow to pass.


take

(rugby, cricket) A catch of the ball (in cricket, especially one by the wicket-keeper).


forecast

From Middle English forecasten, forcasten, equivalent to fore- + cast.
The noun is from Middle English forecast, forcast.


first

en-noun

first (countable and uncountable, plural firsts)

firsts (plural)
Ist (alternative)
I (alternative)
I. (alternative)
firste (alternative archaic)
fyrst (alternative obsolete)
fyrste (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English first, furst, ferst, fyrst, from Old English fyrest, from Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“foremost, first”), superlative of Proto-Germanic *fur, *fura, *furi (“before”), from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *pero- (“forward, beyond, around”), equivalent to fore + -est.
Cognate with North Frisian foarste (“first”), Dutch voorste (“foremost, first”), German Fürst (“chief, prince”, literally “first (born)”), Swedish först (“first”), Norwegian Nynorsk fyrst (“first”), Icelandic fyrstur (“first”).
Other cognates include Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva, “first”) and Russian первый (pervyj).

cog

There was a close play at first.


gas

en-noun

gas (countable and uncountable, plural gases or gasses)

Borrowed from Dutch gas, coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont in Ortus Medicinae. Derived from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “chasm, void, empty space”); perhaps also inspired by geest (“breath, vapour, spirit”). Doublet of chaos. First attested in 1648.

der

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

gas

(uncountable, chemistry) state of matter

بخار خفی (buxār xafî, literally “hidden steam”)

The closer threw him nothing but gas.


love

Now widely believed (due to historical written record) to be from the idea that when one does a thing “for love” it is for no monetary gain, the word “love” thus implying "nothing".
The former assumption that it had originated from French l’œuf (literally “the egg”), due to its shape, has largely been discredited and is no longer widely accepted. However, the apparent similarity of the shape of an egg to a zero has inspired similar analogies, such as the use of duck (reputed to be short for duck's egg) for a zero score at cricket, and goose egg for "zero".

loue (alternative obsolete)
luv (alternative)

So that’s fifteen-love to Kournikova.

The next day Agassi came back from two sets to love down to beat Courier in five sets.

2013, Paul McNamee, Game Changer: My Tennis Life:

(racquet sports, billiards) Zero, no score.


board

en-noun

board (countable and uncountable, plural boards)

→ Japanese: ボード (bōdo)

From Middle English bord, from Old English bord, from Proto-West Germanic *bord, from Proto-Germanic *burdą (“board; plank; table”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerdʰ- (“to cut”). The senses "food" and "council" are by metonymy from the sense "table."

inh

(bridge) A container for holding pre-dealt cards that is used to allow multiple sets of players to play the same cards.

korttiteline

duplicate bridge: container for holding pre-dealt cards


abundance

en-noun

abundance (countable and uncountable, plural abundances)

abundances (plural)
abundaunce (alternative)
habundance (alternative)
boundance (alternative)
aboundance (alternative)
abondance (alternative)

From Middle English abundaunce, habaundance, from Old French habundance, abondance, from Latin abundantia (“fullness, plenty”), from abundō (“to overflow”). Equivalent to abound + -ance. Displaced Old English geniht (“abundance, plenty”).

displaced

(card games) A bid to take nine or more tricks in solo whist.

abundance

solo whist: bid to take nine or more tricks


accumulator

From Latin accumulātor, agent noun of accumulō (“pile up”), accumulate + -or.

The largest payout for a bet on a horse race was $1,627,084 after tax, paid to Britons Anthony Speelman and Nicholas Cowan on their $64 nine-horse accumulator at Santa Anita Racecourse, California, in 1987.

2000, Guinness World Records, Guinness Book of Records 2000, Demco Media, →ISBN:

(gambling) A collective bet on successive events, with both stake and winnings being carried forward to accumulate progressively.


ace

→ Japanese: エース (ēsu)

→ Korean: 에이스 (eiseu)

→ Russian: эйс (ejs)

→ Swedish: ess

(?) → Finnish: ässä

Inherited from Middle English as, from Old French as, from Latin as, assis (“unity, copper coin, the unit of coinage”). Doublet of as. Likely related or deriving ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs, or otherwise taking from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”) in the sense of "singular".
Alternatively, it could be derived from Etruscan.

der

You see, Sir, when I look at the Ace it reminds me that there is but one God. The deuce reminds me that the bible is divided into two parts; the Old and New Testaments. And when I see the trey I think of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost.

1948 January 1, “Deck of Cards” (track 20), in Famous Country Music Makers, performed by Tex Ritter:

(card games) A playing card showing a single pip, typically the highest or lowest ranking card in a game.

(dice games) A die face marked with a single dot, typically representing the number one.

(tennis, volleyball) A serve won without the opponent hitting the ball.

punt directe

tennis: point scored without the opponent hitting the ball

(US, baseball) The best pitcher on the team.

(US, baseball, dated, 19th century) A run.


general

en-noun

general (countable and uncountable, plural generals)

generals (plural)
General (alternative)
gen. (alternative)
gen (alternative)
Gen. (alternative)
Gen (alternative)
genl (alternative)
gen'l (alternative)
Genl (alternative)
Gen'l (alternative)
generall (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English general, in turn from Anglo-Norman general, generall, Middle French general, and their source, Latin generālis, from genus (“class, kind”) + -ālis (“-al”); thus morphologically parallel with, and a doublet of, generic.

(xiangqi) A xiangqi piece that is moved one point orthogonally and confined within the palace.


scrimmage

/ˈskɹɪmɪd͡ʒ/

/ˈskɹɪməd͡ʒ/

Merchandise sales surged. The spring scrimmage, usually a yawn of an afterthought at Colorado, was packed.

2024 October 4, John Branch, “What Does College Football Have to Do With College?”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

(US, athletics, soccer) In some team sports, especially soccer, a practice game which does not count on a team's record.

(athletics, American football) In American football or Canadian football, a play that begins with a snap from the center while opposing teams are on either side of a line of scrimmage.


stand

en-verb

stand (third-person singular simple present stands, present participle standing, simple past stood, past participle stood or (obsolete) standen or (nonstandard) stand)

stands (present singular third-person)
standing (participle present)
stood (past)
stood (participle past)
standen (obsolete participle past)
stand (nonstandard participle past)
stand (infinitive)
stand (first-person present singular)
stood (first-person past singular)
stand (present second-person singular)
standest (archaic present second-person singular)
stood (past second-person singular)
stoodst (archaic past second-person singular)
stoodest (archaic past second-person singular)
stands (present singular third-person)
standeth (archaic present singular third-person)
stood (past singular third-person)
stand (plural present)
stood (past plural)
stand (present subjunctive)
stood (past subjunctive)
stand (imperative present)
standing (participle present)
stood (participle past)
stand (dialectal participle past)
stooden (dialectal participle past)
standen (archaic participle past)

→ Ido: standar

→ Norman: stanner, sténer

Sranan Tongo: tan

From Middle English stonden, standen (verb) and stand, stond (noun, from the verb), from Old English standan (“to stand, occupy a place”), from Proto-West Germanic *standan, from Proto-Germanic *standaną (“to stand”), from Pre-Germanic *sth₂-n-t-´, an innovative extended n-infixed form of Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots stand (“to stand”), Saterland Frisian stounde (“to stand”), West Frisian stean (“to stand”), dialectal German standen (“to stand”), Danish stande (“to stand”), Swedish stånda (“to stand”), Norwegian standa (“to stand”), Faroese standa (“to stand”), Icelandic standa (“to stand”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (standan), Russian стоя́ть (stojátʹ, “to stand”). Also from *steh₂-: Irish seas, Latin stare, Lithuanian stóti, Old Church Slavonic стояти (stojati), Albanian shtoj (“to increase”), Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to put”), Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hištaⁱti), Sanskrit तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati). From the related Proto-Germanic *stāną (“to stand”): West Frisian stean, Dutch staan, German stehen, Danish stå.

cog

a house divided against itself cannot stand

behind every successful man there stands a woman

dwarf standing on the shoulders of giants

where you stand depends on where you sit

(intransitive, cricket) To act as an umpire.

To position or be positioned socially:
To act as an umpire.

(card games) To stop asking for more cards; to keep one's hand as it has been dealt so far.


stand

→ Catalan: estand

→ Danish: stand (semantic loan)

→ Dutch: stand

desctree

→ French: stand
→ Khmer: ស្តង់ (stɑng)
→ Romanian: stand

→ Italian: stand

→ Japanese: スタンド (sutando)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: stand

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: stand

→ Portuguese: estande, stand

→ Russian: стенд (stend)
→ Armenian: ստենդ (stend), սթենդ (stʻend)

→ Southern Ndebele: isitandi

→ Spanish: estand, stand

→ Swahili: stendi

スタンド

supernatural ability from JoJo's Bizarre Adventure

England wrapped up a five-wicket victory in the first Test as a stand of 132 between Alastair Cook and Ian Bell saw off an early West Indies charge.

2012 May 21, Tom Fordyce, “England v West Indies: Hosts cruise home in Lord's Test”, in BBC Sport:


ground

en-noun

ground (countable and uncountable, plural grounds)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʰrem-der.
Proto-Germanic *grunduz
Old English grund
Middle English ground
English ground
From Middle English ground, from Old English grund, from Proto-West Germanic *grundu, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz. Cognate with West Frisian grûn, Dutch grond and German Grund.

etymon

cut the ground from under someone's feet

know one's ass from a hole in the ground

know one's head from a hole in the ground

know the difference between one's ass and a hole in the ground

(countable, cricket) The area of grass on which a match is played (a cricket field); the entire arena in which it is played; the part of the field behind a batsman's popping crease where he can not be run out (hence to make one's ground).


ground

en-verb

ground (third-person singular simple present grounds, present participle grounding, simple past and past participle grounded)

grounds (present singular third-person)
grounding (participle present)
grounded (participle past)
grounded (past)
GND (alternative)

(cricket) To place a bat or part of the body on the ground to avoid being run out.

[Ichiro Suzuki] went 0 for 4, popping out in foul territory, grounding out to second, and striking out looking. And then, in the top of the eighth inning with a runner on second, the “True Hit King” grounded out to short, just barely failing to beat it out.

2019 March 21, Chris Cwik, “Ichiro Suzuki Goes Out in Style, Retires After Series in Japan”, in Yahoo! Sports:

The Twins scored three times in the eighth to make it 9-4 and loaded the bases with no outs. Jeurys Familia got Willians Astudillo to ground into a double play, limiting the damage.

2019 April 10, Ben Walker (AP), “Twins Pitchers Go Wild, Syndergaard and Mets Stroll 9-6”, in Yahoo! Sports, archived from the original on 2019-04-11:

(baseball) To hit a ground ball. Compare fly (verb (regular)) and line (verb).


close

close (third-person singular simple present closes, present participle closing, simple past and past participle closed)

closes (present singular third-person)
closing (participle present)
closed (participle past)
closed (past)
close (infinitive)
close (first-person present singular)
closed (first-person past singular)
close (present second-person singular)
closest (archaic present second-person singular)
closed (past second-person singular)
closedst (archaic past second-person singular)
closes (present singular third-person)
closeth (archaic present singular third-person)
closed (past singular third-person)
close (plural present)
closed (past plural)
close (present subjunctive)
closed (past subjunctive)
close (imperative present)
closing (participle present)
closed (participle past)

From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.

cog

close the stable door after the horse has bolted

He has closed the last two games for his team.

(transitive, baseball, pitching) To make the final outs, usually three, of a game.


Indian

en-adj

Indian (comparative more Indian, superlative most Indian)

more Indian (comparative)
most Indian (superlative)

From Anglo-Norman indien, Middle French indien, corresponding to Ind + -ian or India + -an. Applied to inhabitants of the Americas due to an early misconception that the Americas were the eastern end of Asia / the Indies (hence also the designation of Caribbean islands as the West Indies).

(chess) Designating any of various chess openings now characterised by black's attempt to control the board through knights and fianchettoed bishops rather than with a central pawn advance.


kill

From Middle English killen, kyllen, cüllen (“to strike, beat, cut”), of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots kele, keil (“to kill”).
* Perhaps from unattested Old English *cyllan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwulljan, from Proto-Germanic *kwuljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to throw, hit, hurt by throwing”).
* Or, possibly a variant of Old English cwellan (“to kill, murder, execute”) (see quell).
* Or, from Old Norse kolla (“to hit on the head, harm”), related to Norwegian kylla (“to poll”), Middle Dutch kollen (“to knock down”), Icelandic kollur (“top, head”); see also coll, cole).
Compare also Saterland Frisian källe (“to hurt”), Middle Dutch kellen (“to kill, hurt”), Middle Low German kellen, killen (“to ache strongly, cause one great pain”) (whence German Low German kellen, killen (“to hurt, injure, torment, vex”)), Middle High German kellen (“to torment; torture”).

cog

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

confirmed kills

A flying ace is usually one with five or more confirmed kills.

The result of killing; that which has been killed.

(military, gaming, countable) An instance of killing; a score on the tally of enemy personnel or vehicles killed or destroyed.

As a senior in 1993, Turner had a kill percentage of 40.8, which was a school record at the time and the best in the SAC. Turner concluded her volleyball career with 1,349 kills, ranking fifth all-time at Catawba.

2011, the 34th Catawba College Sports Hall of Fame, in Catawba College's Campus Magazine, Spring/Summer 2011, page 21

(volleyball) The grounding of the ball on the opponent's court, winning the rally.


next

From Middle English nexte, nexste, nixte, from Old English nīehsta, nīehste, etc., inflected forms of nīehst (“nearest, next”), superlative form of nēah (“nigh”) (the comparative would become near), corresponding to Proto-Germanic *nēhwist (“nearest, closest”); equivalent to nigh + -est. Cognate with Saterland Frisian naist (“next”), Dutch naast (“next to”), German nächst (“next”), Danish næste (“next”), Swedish näst (“next”), Icelandic næst (“next”), Persian نزد (nazd, “near, with”).

inh

neest (alternative dialectal)
neist (alternative Scotland)
nex (alternative archaic)
nex' (alternative dialectal)

gg team, Wanna play next?


defer

en-verb

defer (third-person singular simple present defers, present participle deferring, simple past and past participle deferred)

defers (present singular third-person)
deferring (participle present)
deferred (participle past)
deferred (past)

Originally a variant of (and hence a doublet of) differ; from Middle English differren (“to postpone”), from Old French differer, from Latin differō. Doublet of differ and dilate. See also infer, collate and confer, delate and defer, relate and refer as well as prelate and prefer among others.

տարկետել

(transitive) to delay — see also delay, postpone, put off

(American football) After winning the opening coin toss, to postpone until the start of the second half a team's choice of whether to kick off or receive (and to allow the opposing team to make this choice at the start of the first half).


plant

→ Punjabi: ਪਲਾਂਟ (palāṇṭ)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-plant.wav

From Middle English plante, from Old English plante (“young tree or shrub, herb newly planted”), from Proto-West Germanic *plantu, from Latin planta (“sprout, shoot, cutting”). Broader sense of "any vegetable life, vegetation generally" is from Old French plante. Doublet of clan (borrowed through Celtic languages) and planta (directly from Latin).
The verb is from Middle English planten, from Old English plantian (“to plant”), from Latin plantāre, later influenced by Old French planter. Compare also Dutch planten (“to plant”), German pflanzen (“to plant”), Swedish plantera (“to plant”), Icelandic planta (“to plant”).
The factory and machinery senses comes from the Latin sense of "any vegetable production that serves to propagate the species," which refers to something that produces.

O’Sullivan risked a plant that went badly astray, splitting the reds.

(snooker) A play in which the cue ball knocks one (usually red) ball onto another, in order to pot the second; a set.


dare

From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).
Cognates
Cognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).

When asked truth or dare, she picked dare.

(games) In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players.


eleven

elevens (plural)
Arabic numerals (alternative)
Roman numerals (alternative)

From Middle English elleven, enleven, eleven, from Old English endleofan; from Proto-Germanic *ainalif (“one left”) (i.e., one left over after having already counted to ten), a compound of *ainaz and *-lif, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, remain”). Compare West Frisian alve, Low German ölven, Dutch elf, German elf, Icelandic ellefu, Danish and Norwegian elleve.

der

(cricket) A cricket team of eleven players. Hence first eleven - the team of best cricket players (at a school), second eleven - the "B" team, etc.

(soccer) A football team of eleven players; the starting lineup.


bomb

From French bombe, from Italian bomba, from Latin bombus (“a booming sound”), from Ancient Greek βόμβος (bómbos, “booming, humming, buzzing”), imitative of the sound itself. Doublet of bombe. Compare boom.

onomatopoeic

imitative

(social) Something highly effective or attractive.

(American football, slang) A long forward pass.

(rugby, soccer, slang) A high kick that sends the ball relatively straight up so players can get under it before it comes down.

With five seconds remaining, Smith received the inbounds pass and launched a bomb that dropped through the net to give his team an 80-79 victory.

2013, Brett L. Abrams, Raphael Mazzone, The Bullets, the Wizards, and Washington, DC, Basketball, page 163:

(basketball, slang) A throw into the basket from a considerable distance.


cherry

→ Bengali: চেরি (ceri)

→ Burmese: ချယ်ရီ (hkyairi)

→ Cantonese: 車厘子 /车厘子 (ce¹ lei⁴ zi²)

→ Hindi: चेरी (cerī)

→ Japanese: チェリー (cherī)

→ Kapampangan: tiéri

→ Korean: 체리 (cheri)

→ Malay: ceri

Indonesian: ceri

→ Maori: tiere

→ Punjabi: ਚੈਰੀ f (cairī)

→ Spanish: cherry

→ Swahili: cheri

→ Urdu: چیری (cerī)

→ Thai: เชอร์รี (chəə-rîi)

From Middle English chery, cherie, chirie, from Anglo-Norman cherise (mistaken as a plural) and Old English ċiris, ċirse (“cherry”), both ultimately from Vulgar Latin ceresia, derived from Late Latin ceresium, cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry fruit”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), and ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin (the intervocalic σ suggests a pre-Greek origin for the word). Doublet of cerise and kirsch.

dwarf cherry

P. fruticosa, P. pumila; Exocarpus strictus

The Indians have to get early wickets on the morrow and they will have the option of taking the new cherry.

2000, Woorkheri Raman, “Indians adopt safety first tactics”, in ESPNcricinfo, archived from the original on 2022-07-07, retrieved 2024-11-25:

Players are back out and it's Harmison to have first go with the cherry.

2007, Ben Dirs, “England v West Indies 1st Test”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2016-04-09, retrieved 2024-11-25:

(cricket, slang) A reddish mark left on the bat by the impact of the ball.


black

en-adj

black (comparative blacker or more black, superlative blackest or most black)

blacker (comparative)
more black (comparative)
blackest (superlative)
most black (superlative)
blacke (alternative obsolete)
Black (alternative)
blk (alternative)
blak (alternative)

Bislama: blak

Sranan Tongo: blaka

Aukan: baaka

→ Caribbean Hindustani: blaaka

Tok Pisin: blak

Torres Strait Creole: blaik

→ Dutch: black

→ French: black

→ Greek: μπλάκης (blákis)

From Middle English blak, black, blake, from Old English blæc (“black, dark", also "ink”), from Proto-West Germanic *blak, from Proto-Germanic *blakaz (“burnt”) (compare Dutch blaken (“to burn”), Low German blak, black (“blackness, black paint, (black) ink”), Old High German blah (“black”)), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleg- (“to burn, shine”) (compare Latin flagrāre (“to burn”), Ancient Greek φλόξ (phlóx, “flame”), Sanskrit भर्ग (bharga, “radiance”)).
Sense 20 is a semantic loan from Cantonese 黑面 (hak1 min6, “to pull a long face, to scowl”).

sort

of coffee or tea, without milk or other whitener

Coordinate term: red (“of the hearts or diamonds suits”)

I was dealt two red queens, and he got one of the black queens.

(card games, of a card) Of the spades or clubs suits.

The black pieces in this chess set are made of dark blue glass.

(board games, chess) Of or relating to the playing pieces of a board game deemed to belong to the "black" set (in chess, the set used by the player who moves second) (often regardless of the pieces' actual colour).

sort

chess, checkers etc.: color opposing "white"


black

en-noun

black (countable and uncountable, plural blacks)

blacks (plural)
blacke (alternative obsolete)
Black (alternative)
blk (alternative)
blak (alternative)

→ Japanese: ブラック (burakku)

→ Volapük: bläg

(countable, billiards, snooker, pool) The black ball.

(countable, baseball) The edge of home plate.

At this point black makes a disastrous move.

1...Qd3 2 Ne1 Nd2! wins since 3 Nxd3 Rxf1 mate while 3 Qxc7+ Kg6 only delays the end. The best White can do is 3 Qc3+ Qxc3 4 Rxc3 Rxe1 when Black also wins the Bf1 and will be two pieces up.

2023 January 13, Leonard Barden, “Chess: Carlsen takes on young guns at Wijk as world champion eyes record”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 2023-01-23:

(countable, chess) The person playing with the black set of pieces.

sort

chess and similar games: person playing with the black set of pieces


blue

blue (countable and uncountable, plural blues)

blues (plural)
blew (alternative obsolete)
blewe (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English blewe, from Anglo-Norman blew (“blue”), from Middle French bleu, from Old French blöe, bleve, blef (“blue”), from Frankish *blāu (“blue”) (perhaps through a Late Latin blāvus, blāvius (“blue”) attested from Isidore of Seville), from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue, dark blue”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlēw- (“yellow, blond, grey”).
Cognate with dialectal English blow (“blue”), Scots blue, blew (“blue”), North Frisian bla, blö (“blue”), Saterland Frisian blau (“blue”), Dutch blauw (“blue”), German blau (“blue”), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish blå (“blue”), Icelandic blár (“blue”), Latin flāvus (“yellow”), French bleu (“blue”), Middle Irish blá (“yellow”). Doublet of blow.
Possibly related also to English blee (“colour”), from Old English blēo (“colour”); but direct derivatives of Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue, dark blue”) in Old English include: Old English blāw and blēo (“blue”), Old English blǣwen (“bluish, light-blue”), blǣhǣwen (“blue-coloured, bluish, violet or purple colour”, literally “blue-hued”). There seems to be a parallel connection in Germanic between words for blue and colour, dually exemplified by Proto-West Germanic *blīu (“colour, blee”) and *blāu (“blue”); and Proto-Germanic *hiwją (“colour, hue”) and *hēwijaz (“blue, purple”).
The sense "obscene, pornographic" is apparently from the colour; various theories exist as to how it arose, including that it is from the colour of the envelopes used to contain missives of the censors and managers to vaudevillian performers on objectionable material from their acts that needed to be excised.

m+

He was safe! Terrible call, blue!

(baseball, slang) An umpire, in reference to the typical dark-blue colour of the umpire's uniform. Sometimes perceived by umpires as derogatory when used by players or coaches while disputing a call.

(snooker) One of the colour balls used in snooker, with a value of five points.


green

en-adj

green (comparative greener, superlative greenest)

greener (comparative)
greenest (superlative)

Bislama: grin

→ Marshallese: kūriin

Tok Pisin: grin

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *grōniz
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Germanic *-į̄
Proto-West Germanic *-ī
Proto-West Germanic *grōnī
Old English grēne
Middle English grene
English green
From Middle English grene, from Old English grēne, from Proto-West Germanic *grōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”). More at grow. Doublet of Gruen.
See also North Frisian green, West Frisian grien, Dutch groen, Low German grön, green, greun, German grün, Danish and Norwegian Nynorsk grøn, Swedish grön, Norwegian Bokmål grønn, Icelandic grænn.
The sense of obscene, pornographic, or sexual in the Philippines is from a calque of Spanish verde.

der

the grass is always greener on the other side of the road

(cricket) Describing a pitch which, even if there is no visible grass, still contains a significant amount of moisture.


green

en-noun

green (countable and uncountable, plural greens)

→⇒ Chinese: 果嶺 /果岭 (guǒlǐng)

→ Czech: green

→ Danish: green

→ Dutch: green

→ Finnish: griini

→ German: Green

→ Marshallese: kūriin

(snooker) One of the color balls used in snooker, with a value of 3 points.


pink

pink (countable and uncountable, plural pinks)

Origin uncertain; perhaps from Dutch pinken (“blink”) or the English verb pink from the same source. Perhaps from the notion of the petals being pinked.

Oh dear, he's left himself snookered behind the pink.

(snooker) One of the colour balls used in snooker, coloured pink, with a value of 6 points.


red

en-adj

red (comparative redder or more red, superlative reddest or most red)

redder (comparative)
more red (comparative)
reddest (superlative)
most red (superlative)

nonred

antonym(s) of “having red as its colour”

antired

antonym(s) of “having red as its colour charge”

From Middle English red, from Old English rēad, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from the root *h₁rewdʰ-.
Cognates
See also West Frisian read, Low German root, rood, rot, rod, Dutch rood, German rot, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål rød, Norwegian Nynorsk raud; also Welsh rhudd, Latin ruber, rufus, Tocharian A rtär, Tocharian B ratre, Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Albanian pruth (“redhead”), Russian ру́дый (rúdyj) ("red", "redhaired"). Czech rudý, Lithuanian raúdas, Finnish rauta, Estonian raud, Serbo-Croatian riđ ("reddish", "red"), Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬙𐬀 (raoidita), Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhirá, “red, bloody”).

I got two red queens, and he got one of the black queens.

(card games, of a card) Of the hearts or diamonds suits. Compare black (“of the spades or clubs suits”)

punainen

(card games: of the hearts or diamonds suits


red

en-noun

red (countable and uncountable, plural reds)

sekobarbitaali

slang: secobarbital — see also secobarbital

(countable, snooker) One of the 15 red balls used in snooker, distinguished from the colours.


white

en-adj

white (comparative whiter or more white, superlative whitest or most white)

whiter (comparative)
more white (comparative)
whitest (superlative)
most white (superlative)
whight (alternative obsolete)
whyte (alternative obsolete)
whyght (alternative obsolete)
White (alternative)

Bislama: waet

Sranan Tongo: weti

Aukan: weti

Saramaccan: wéti

Tok Pisin: wait

→ Japanese: ホワイト (howaito)

white fella

⇒ Nyunga: wadjela

white gin

⇒ Gamilaraay: waatyin

⇒ Ngiyambaa: wadjiin

⇒ Wiradjuri: waajin

Inherited from Middle English whit, hwit, from Old English hwīt, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīt, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweydós, a byform of *ḱweytós (“bright; shine”).
Cognates
* West Frisian wyt
*Dutch wit
* German weiß
* German weiss
* Norwegian Bokmål hvit
* Norwegian Nynorsk kvit
* Lithuanian šviẽsti (“to gleam”), šviesa (“light”)
* Old Church Slavonic свѣтъ (světŭ, “light”), свѣтьлъ (světĭlŭ, “clear, bright”)
* Persian سفید (sefid, “white”), Persian سپید (sepid, “white”)
* Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (spaēta, “white”)
* Sanskrit श्वेत (śvetá, “white, bright”).

cog

The white pieces in this set are in fact made of light green glass.

(board games, chess) The standard denomination of the playing pieces of a board game deemed to belong to the white set, no matter what the actual colour.

hvid

board games: deemed to belong to the white set


white

en-noun

white (countable and uncountable, plural whites)

whites (plural)
whight (alternative obsolete)
whyte (alternative obsolete)
whyght (alternative obsolete)
White (alternative)

bělásek

common name for butterflies in the subfamily Pierinae

(countable) Any object or substance that is of the color white.

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) The cue ball in cue games.

In this position, white has an opportunity to make a good move.

(board games, chess) The person playing with the white set of pieces.

valkoinen

board games: person playing with the white pieces


yellow

yellows (plural)
yeallow (alternative)
yeller (alternative)

From Middle English yelwe, yelou, from Old English ġeolwe, oblique form of Old English ġeolu, from Proto-West Germanic *gelu, from Proto-Germanic *gelwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wos, from *ǵʰelh₃- (“gleam, yellow”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian jel, jeel (“yellow”), West Frisian giel (“yellow”), Dutch geel (“yellow”), German Low German geel (“yellow”), German gelb (“yellow”), Swedish gul (“yellow”), Icelandic gulur (“yellow”). Compare also Welsh gell (“bay, tawny”), Latin helvus (“dull yellow”), Irish geal (“white, bright”), Italian giallo (“yellow”) Lithuanian žalias (“green”), Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “light green”), Persian زرد (zard, “yellow”), Sanskrit हरि (hari, “greenish-yellow”), Russian жёлтый (žóltyj, “yellow”), Russian зелёный (zeljónyj, “green”).
The verb is from Middle English yelwen, ȝalowen, ȝolewen, from Old English ġeolwian, from the adjective.

cog

(snooker) One of the color balls used in snooker, with a value of 2 points.

(pocket billiards) One of two groups of object balls, or a ball from that group, as used in the principally British version of pool that makes use of unnumbered balls (the yellow(s) and red(s)); contrast stripes and solids in the originally American version with numbered balls).


third

en-noun

third (countable and uncountable, plural thirds)

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English thirde, thridde, from Old English þridda, from Proto-Germanic *þridjô, from Pre-Germanic *tretyós, a remodeling of Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyós.

The play ended with Jones standing on third.


tempo

Borrowed from Italian tempo, from Latin tempus (“time”). Doublet of tense.
(truck or cargo van): A genericized trademark, originally associated with the manufacturer Vidal & Sohn Tempo-Werke GmbH.

(chess) A move which is part of one's own plan or strategy and forces, e.g. by means of a check or attacking a piece, the opponent to make a move which is not bad but of no use (the player gains a tempo, the opponent loses a tempo), or equivalently a player achieves the same result in fewer moves by one approach rather than another.

(bridge) The timing advantage of being on lead, thus being first to initiate a strategy to develop tricks for one's side.

темпо

bridge: timing advantage of being on lead

(American football) A rapid rate of play by the offense resulting from reducing the amount of time which elapses after one play ends and the next starts.


king

kings (plural)
kyng (alternative archaic)
kynge (alternative archaic)
kinge (alternative obsolete)

Tok Pisin: king

desc

⇒ American Sign Language: K@Shoulder K@Abdomen

→ Burmese: ကင် (kang)

→ Isubu: kinge

→ Japanese: キング (kingu)

→ Korean: 킹 (king)

→ Maori: kīngi

→ Marshallese: kiin̄

→ Thai: คิง (king)

From Middle English king, kyng, from Old English cyng, cyning (“king”), from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz, *kunungaz (“king”), equivalent to kin + -ing. Doublet of cyning and knez.
Cognate with Scots keeng (“king”), North Frisian köning (“king”), West Frisian kening (“king”), Dutch koning (“king”), Low German Koning, Köning (“king”), German König (“king”), Danish konge (“king”), Norwegian konge, Swedish konung, kung (“king”), Icelandic konungur, kóngur (“king”), Polish ksiądz (“priest”), Russian князь (knjazʹ, “prince”), Old Church Slavonic кънѧѕь (kŭnędzĭ), Romanian chinez, Finnish kuningas (“king”), Estonian kuningas, Ingrian kunigas, Karelian kuninkas, Livvi kuńingas, Ludian kuńingas, Veps kuningaz, Võro kuning and Votic kunikaz. Eclipsed non-native Middle English roy (“king”) (Early Modern English roy), borrowed from Old French roi, rei, rai (“king”).
The verb is inherited from Middle English kyngen, *kingen (“To perform the duties of a king”), itself from the noun king, kyng.

Audio — the king

акрал

a male of a royal family who is the supreme ruler of his nation

in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king

(chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.

(card games) A playing card with the letter "K" and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.

heer

a playing card with the image of a king in it


queen

queens (plural)
queene (alternative obsolete)
quene (alternative obsolete)
queyne (alternative obsolete)

Tok Pisin: kwin

⇒ American Sign Language: G@Shoulder-PalmDown G@Abdomen-PalmDown

→ Burmese: ကွင်း (kwang:)

→ German: Queen

→ Japanese: クイーン (kuīn), クィーン (kwīn)

→ Korean: 퀸 (kwin)

→ Marshallese: kwiin

→ Maori: kuīni

→ Sikaiana: kuini

→ Spanish: cuina

→ Thai: ควีน (kwiin)

From Middle English quene, queen, cwen, from Old English cwēn (“queen”), from Proto-West Germanic *kwāni, from Proto-Germanic *kwēniz (“woman”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷénh₂s (“woman”).
Cognate with Scots queen, wheen (“queen”), Old Saxon quān ("wife"; > Middle Low German quene (“elderly woman”)), Dutch kween (“woman past child-bearing age”), Swedish kvinna (“woman”), Norwegian kvinne (“woman”), Danish kvinde (“woman”), Icelandic kvon (“wife”), Gothic 𐌵𐌴𐌽𐍃 (qēns, “wife”), Norwegian dialectal kvån (“wife”). Related to and possibly merged with and/or absorbed some senses of English quean, from Middle English quene, from Old English cwene (“woman; female serf, quean”), see quean. Generally eclipsed non-native Middle English regina (“queen”), borrowed from Latin rēgīna (“queen”) (see Modern English Regina). Doublet of quean and gyne.

gloss

"wife"; > Middle Low German <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">quene</i> (“elderly woman”)

cog

αδερφή f (aderfí, literally “Sister, From the same uterus”)

Holonym: chess set

For this cauſe that when he [the pawn] can procede so well in warre, as to arriue at the laſte rancke of hys enemies, he is choſen and made the beſt piece of the playe, to wit, he is the Quene.

1562, Damiano da Odemira, translated by Iames Rowbothum, The Pleasaunt and Wittie Playe of the Cheasts Renewed, with Instructions Both to Learne It Easely, and to Play It Well, London, page A7v:

And, further, let us ſuppoſe, that your King is at Liberty to attack his Pawns upon one Side of the Board, by reckoning how many moves it will take your King to march and take thoſe two Pawns, and alſo, by adding the Number of Moves, which will be neceſſary for you to make a Queen with one of your Pawns: You will, by this Method, find out the exact number of Moves, before you can make a Queen.

1761, Edmond Hoyle, An Essay Towards Making the Game of Chess Easily Learned, London, retrieved 2022-01-13, page 51:

Referring to one of several items used in tabletop games:

(chess) A chess piece that, under contemporary rules, is the most powerful, able to move any number of spaces horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

Holonyms: deck of cards, pack of cards

There is 5. trumps beside the Queene, yᵉ hindmost yᵘ shalt finde her

Just remember that a nine or ten on the flop may trap you against the early raiser if he’s holding a big pair, or if he catches an ace or king or queen — or even a jack — on a later round.

2003, Lou Krieger, Kathleen Keller Watterson, Internet Poker: How to Play and Beat Online Poker Games, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: ConJelCo, →ISBN, pages 84–85:

(card games) A playing card with a depiction of a queen on it, generally ranking next below the king and above the jack in a given suit.


queen

en-verb

queen (third-person singular simple present queens, present participle queening, simple past and past participle queened)

queens (present singular third-person)
queening (participle present)
queened (participle past)
queened (past)
queene (alternative obsolete)
quene (alternative obsolete)
queyne (alternative obsolete)

Neither King will be able to stop the opponent's pawns from queening, when the game should be a draw. In such cases, which side queens first, or queens with check, can make a crucial difference. In this case, White promotes his pawn first and is able to put this advantage to good use.

2003, Yasser Seirawan, Winning Chess Endings, London: Everyman Chess, →ISBN, page 39:


see

see (third-person singular simple present sees, present participle seeing, simple past saw or (dialectal) seen or (dialectal) seent or (dialectal) seed, past participle seen or (dialectal) seent or (dialectal) seed or (dialectal) saw)

sees (present singular third-person)
seeing (participle present)
saw (past)
seen (dialectal past)
seent (dialectal past)
seed (dialectal past)
seen (participle past)
seent (dialectal participle past)
seed (dialectal participle past)
saw (dialectal participle past)
see (infinitive)
see (first-person present singular)
saw (first-person past singular)
see (present second-person singular)
seest (archaic present second-person singular)
saw (past second-person singular)
sawest (archaic past second-person singular)
sees (present singular third-person)
seeth (archaic present singular third-person)
saw (past singular third-person)
see (plural present)
saw (past plural)
see (present subjunctive)
saw (past subjunctive)
see (imperative present)
seeing (participle present)
seen (participle past)

From Middle English seen, from Old English sēon (“to see, look, behold, perceive, observe, discern, understand, know”), from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan, from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to see, notice”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian sjen (“to see”), Dutch zien (“to see”), Low German sehn, German sehen (“to see”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål se (“to see”), Norwegian Nynorsk sjå (“to see”), and more distantly with Latin sīgnum (“sign, token”), Albanian shih (“look at, see”) imperative of shoh (“to see”).

der

is that a gun in your pocket or are you just pleased to see me

send it up the flagpole and see who salutes

that which has been seen cannot be unseen

there are none so blind as those who will not see

there's none so blind as those who will not see

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

I'll see your twenty dollars and raise you ten.

(gambling, transitive) To respond to another player's bet with a bet of equal value.


midnight

en-noun

midnight (countable and uncountable, plural midnights)

[ˈmɪd̚ˌnɐɪt]

From Middle English midnight, from Old English midniht, from Proto-Germanic *midjanahts (“midnight”), equivalent to mid- + night. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Midnoacht (“midnight”), Old High German mittinaht (“midnight”), Danish midnat (“midnight”), Swedish midnatt (“midnight”), Icelandic miðnætti (“midnight”). Compare also Saterland Frisian Middernoacht (“midnight”), Dutch middernacht (“midnight”), German Mitternacht (“midnight”).

cog

(dice games) Synonym of boxcars (“a pair of sixes”).


nickel

en-noun

nickel (countable and uncountable, plural nickels)

Borrowed from German Nickel, first used in a text by the Swedish mineralogist Axel F. Cronstedt as an abbreviation of Kupfernickel (“a mineral containing copper and nickel”), from Kupfer (“copper”) + Nickel (“insignificant person, goblin”), originally nickname of Nikolaus (“Nicholas”), due to the deceptive silver colour of the relatively valueless ore. Compare cobalt as related to kobolds.

that and a nickel will buy you a cup of coffee

that and a nickel will get you on the subway

you pays your nickel and you takes your chances

you pays your nickel and you takes your choice

(American football) A defensive formation with five defensive backs, one of whom is a nickelback, instead of the more-common four.


pit

From Middle English pit, pet, püt, from Old English pytt, from Proto-West Germanic *puti, from Latin puteus (“trench, pit, well”), although there are phonetic difficulties.

he who digs a pit for others falls in himself

(gambling) Part of a casino which typically holds tables for blackjack, craps, roulette, and other games.

The ball carrier can be with or without a football. For the “Head-On” tackle have the “Ball Carrier” stand right in front of the pit and face the tackler.

2007, Bob Swope, Youth Football Drills and Plays Handbook, page 29:

“They don't call the middle of the line The Pit for nothing. We really do get like animals, trying to claw one another apart in there. It is very hard in The Pit. No matter how it seems, no matter what the score shows, it's always hard. […]

2018, Paul Zimmerman, The New Thinking Man's Guide to Professional Football:

(American football) The center of the line.


square

→ Welsh: sgwâr

From Middle English square, sqware, squyre; from Old French esquarre, esquerre, (modern French équerre), from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from Latin ex- + quadro, from quadrus (compare English quad and quadra). Doublet of squad and squadra.
Displaced Old English fēowerecge (fēower nominative + ecg accusative, as in "four-edged").

An ideal playing area is roughly circular in shape with a central area, the cricket square, measuring 27.44 metres by 27.44 metres and boundaries 45.75 metres from the sides of the square.

(cricket) The central area of a cricket field, with one or more pitches of which only one is used at a time.


square

en-adj

square (comparative squarer, superlative squarest)

squarer (comparative)
squarest (superlative)

(cricket) In line with the batsman's popping crease.

cricket: in line with batsman's popping crease

samansuuntainen lyöjän lyöntialueen viivan kanssa


square

en-verb

square (third-person singular simple present squares, present participle squaring, simple past and past participle squared)

squares (present singular third-person)
squaring (participle present)
squared (participle past)
squared (past)

подравнявам

to adjust so as to align with or place at a right angle

jalustaa poikittain

nautical: to place at right angles with the keel

First, former Toffee Mikel Arteta sent Walcott racing clear but instead of shooting he squared towards Ramsey, who was foiled by Tony Hibbert.

2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1 - 0 Everton”, in BBC Sport:

(soccer) To make a short low pass sideways across the pitch

syöttää poikittain

soccer: to make a short low pass sideways across the pitch


fifty

fifties (plural)
fiftie (alternative)
fitty (alternative)
fiddy (alternative)

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fifty, from Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz (“five tens”).

inh

(cricket) A batsman's score of at least 50 runs and less than 100 runs.


hundred

hundreds (plural)
C (alternative)
hecto- (alternative)

/ˈhʌnd͡ʒəɹd/

From Middle English hundred, from Old English hundred, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą, from *hundą (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm) + *radą (“count”), a neuter variant of *radō (“row, line, series”). Compare West Frisian hûndert, Dutch honderd, Low German hunnert, hunnerd, German Hundert, Danish hundred.

He made a hundred in the historic match.

(cricket) A score of one hundred runs or more scored by a batsman.


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferred use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

(card games, originally colloquial) The lowest court card in a deck of standard playing cards, ranking between the 10 and queen, with an image of a knave or pageboy on it.

(games) A small, six-pointed playing piece used in the game of jacks.

(cricket, slang) The eleventh batsman to come to the crease in an innings.


jack

The year before ('76) Kingman had 37 jacks with only 502 PAs. Is that the limit?

2001 October 8, Ray Dames, “Re: McGwire's Year”, in rec.sport.baseball (Usenet):

Me three. I never have quite understood all the "three true outcomes" fetish around here. I mean, I know that building an offense around walks and 3-run jacks embodies the Sabermetric Virtues, and especially in today's conditions that's the way to win, but man, it sure leads to some slow, boring games.

2002 April 18, Perry, “Re: To all you Oakland A's fans...”, in rec.sport.baseball (Usenet):

3-run jacks are just another tool in a team's chest. The goal is to make the playoffs, then win at least one more game than your opponent each round. And repeat next year, and the year after that, and...

2004 January 18, Terrell Miller, “Re: Does playing for the 3-run home run really help you win championships?”, in rec.sport.baseball (Usenet):


jack

en-verb

jack (third-person singular simple present jacks, present participle jacking, simple past and past participle jacked)

jacks (present singular third-person)
jacking (participle present)
jacked (participle past)
jacked (past)

An excellent piece of work, Wayne thought, so good in fact, he wasn’t surprised when Bailey walked to the plate and on the first pitch jacked the ball far into the parking lot outside the left-field fence for a tournament winning homerun.

1986, Arete: The Journal of Sport Literature, volume 4, Sport Literature Association:

Therefore, even though Vizquel is certainly not a power hitter, at times he will try to jack the ball, perhaps pulling it with just enough oomph to carry down the line for a homer.

2004, Wayne Stewart, Hitting Secrets of the Pros: Big League Sluggers Reveal the Tricks of Their Trade, McGraw-Hill Professional, →ISBN, page 90:

Maybe he hung a curve ball to somebody and they jacked it out of the park on him and he wasn’t upset about it.

a. 2009, Jim McManus, quoted in T.J. Lewis, A View from the Mound: My Father’s Life in Baseball, Lulu.com (publisher, 2008), page 107

(transitive, slang, baseball) To hit (the ball) hard; especially, to hit (the ball) out of the field, producing a home run.


league

en-noun

league (countable and uncountable, plural leagues)

→ Japanese: リーグ (rīgu)

→ Korean: 리그 (rigeu)

From Middle English liege, ligg, lige (“a pact between governments, an agreement, alliance”), from Middle French ligue, from Italian lega, from the verb legare, from Latin ligō (“I tie”).

Are you going to watch the league tonight?

(informal, rugby, uncountable) Ellipsis of rugby league.


league

(British, soccer) Playing in the The Football League or the Premier League, the top four divisions of English football


deuce

From Middle English dewes (“two”), from Anglo-Norman, from Old French deus, from Latin duo. The word was used by Ford Motor Co. in 1932 to describe a two-seater car model.

You see, Sir, when I look at the Ace it reminds me that there is but one God. The deuce reminds me that the bible is divided into two parts; the Old and New Testaments. And when I see the trey I think of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost.

1948 January 1, “Deck of Cards” (track 20), in Famous Country Music Makers, performed by Tex Ritter:

(card games) A card with two pips, one of four in a standard deck of playing cards.

(dice games) A side of a die with two spots.

(dice games) A cast of dice totalling two.

(tennis, table tennis, volleyball) A tied game where either player can win by scoring two consecutive points.

iguals

tennis: tie, both players able to win by scoring two additional points


knight

From Middle English knight, knyght, kniht, from Old English cniht (“boy; servant, knight”), from Proto-West Germanic *kneht.

inh

(chess) A chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces.

ло́шадь f (lóšadʹ) (proscribed for this sense)

(card games, dated) A playing card bearing the figure of a knight; the knave or jack.


knight

en-verb

knight (third-person singular simple present knights, present participle knighting, simple past and past participle knighted)

knights (present singular third-person)
knighting (participle present)
knighted (participle past)
knighted (past)

From Middle English knighten, kniȝten, from the noun. Cognate with Middle High German knehten.

(chess, transitive) To promote (a pawn) to a knight.


five hundred

en-noun

five hundred (countable and uncountable, plural five hundreds)

(uncountable, card games) A trick-taking card game with elements of euchre and bridge.


cock

cock (countable and uncountable, plural cocks)

Sranan Tongo: kaka

Tok Pisin: kok

→ Thai: ก๊อก (gɔ́k, “tap”)

From Middle English cok, from Old English coc, cocc (“cock, male bird”), from Proto-West Germanic *kokk, from Proto-Germanic *kukkaz (“cock”), probably of onomatopoeic origin.
Cognate with Middle Dutch cocke (“cock, male bird”) and Old Norse kokkr ("cock"; whence Danish kok (“cock”), dialectal Swedish kokk (“cock”)). Reinforced by Old French coc, also of imitative origin. The sense "penis" is attested since at least the 1610s, with the compound pillicock (“penis”) attested since 1325.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

gloss

(curling) The circle at the end of the rink.


tick

From Middle English *tik, tek, tyche (“light touch, tap”), from the verb (see Etymology 3 below). Compare Dutch tik (“a pat, tap”), Middle High German zic (“a slight touch”).

cog

(gaming) Each of the fixed time periods, in a tick-based game, in which players or characters may perform a set number of actions.