abreuvoir

Borrowed from French abreuvoir (“a watering place”).

(obsolete, masonry) The joint or interstice between stones, to be filled with mortar.


bone

en-verb

bone (third-person singular simple present bones, present participle boning, simple past and past participle boned)

bones (present singular third-person)
boning (participle present)
boned (participle past)
boned (past)

Borrowed from French bornoyer (“to look at with one eye, to sight”), from borgne (“one-eyed”).

bor

Joiners, &c., bone their work with two straight edges.

1846, W. M. Buchanan, A Technological Dictionary, page 151:

Edward H[enry] Knight
w:Edward H. Knight

(carpentry, masonry, surveying) To sight along an object or set of objects to check whether they are level or in line.


point

en-verb

point (third-person singular simple present points, present participle pointing, simple past and past participle pointed)

points (present singular third-person)
pointing (participle present)
pointed (participle past)
pointed (past)

From Middle English pointen, poynten, from Old French pointier, pointer, poynter, from point from Latin pūnctum.

(transitive, intransitive, masonry) To repair mortar.

(transitive, masonry) To fill up and finish the joints of (a wall), by introducing additional cement or mortar, and bringing it to a smooth surface.


bed

→ Chichewa: bedi

→ Chuukese: pet

→ Esperanto: bedo

→ Japanese: ベッド (beddo)

African-American Vernacular, some speakers

From Middle English bed, bedde, from Old English bedd, from Proto-West Germanic *badi, from Proto-Germanic *badją (“resting-place, plot of ground”).
Cognates
Cognate with North Frisian baad, beed, Saterland Frisian Bääd, West Frisian bêd, Low German Bedd, Dutch bed, German Bett, Swedish bädd, Icelandic beður, all meaning “bed”.
further possible etymology and cognates
The Proto-Germanic term may in turn be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to dig”) with various theories explaining the development in meaning. If it is, the term is also cognate with Ancient Greek βοθυρος (bothuros, “pit”), Latin fossa (“ditch”), Latvian bedre (“hole”), Welsh bedd (“grave”), Breton bez (“grave”); and probably also Russian бодать (bodatʹ, “to butt, gore”).

bed

flat surface or layer on which something else is to be placed

the upper and lower beds

(heading) A horizontal layer or surface.

(masonry) The horizontal surface of a building stone.

(masonry) The lower surface of a brick, slate, or tile.

(masonry) A course of stone or brick in a wall.

A horizontal layer or surface.
A course of stone or brick in a wall.


set

en-verb

set (third-person singular simple present sets, present participle setting, simple past set, past participle set or (dialectal) setten)

sets (present singular third-person)
setting (participle present)
set (past)
set (participle past)
setten (dialectal participle past)

desctree

→ Japanese: セット (setto)
→ Hokkien: siat-to͘h

From Middle English setten, from Old English settan, from Proto-West Germanic *sattjan, from Proto-Germanic *satjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sodéyeti, causative of *sed- (“to sit”).

set a beggar on horseback and he'll ride to the Devil

(masonry) To lower into place and fix solidly, as the blocks of cut stone in a structure.


strike

en-verb

strike (third-person singular simple present strikes, present participle striking, simple past struck or (see usage notes) striked or (all obsolete) strook or stroke or strake, past participle struck or (see usage notes) stricken or (both obsolete) strucken or strook)

strikes (present singular third-person)
striking (participle present)
struck (past)
striked (past)
strook (obsolete past)
stroke (obsolete past)
strake (obsolete past)
struck (obsolete participle past)
stricken (obsolete participle past)
strucken (obsolete participle past)
strook (obsolete participle past)

→ German: streiken

From Middle English stryken, from Old English strīcan, from Proto-West Germanic *strīkan, from Proto-Germanic *strīkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to stroke, rub, press”).
Cognate with Dutch strijken, German streichen, Danish stryge, Icelandic strýkja, strýkva.

der

lightning does not strike twice in the same place

lightning doesn't strike twice in the same place

lightning never strikes twice in the same place

(masonry) To cut off (a mortar joint, etc.) even with the face of the wall, or inward at a slight angle.

iskeä

masonry: to cut off even with the face of the wall


string

en-noun

string (countable and uncountable, plural strings)

Tok Pisin: string

→ Dutch: string

→ Finnish: stringit

→ French: string

→ German: String

desc

מחרוז//מַחְרֹזֶת

→ Hebrew: מחרוז /מַחְרֹזֶת (makhrózet) (semantic loan)

→ Japanese: ストリング (sutoringu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: streng (semantic loan)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: streng (semantic loan)

→ Polish: stringi

→ Portuguese: estrém; string

→ Swedish: string

From Middle English string, streng, strynge, from Old English strenġ, from Proto-West Germanic *strangi, from Proto-Germanic *strangiz (“string”), from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“rope, cord, strand; to tighten”).
Cognate with Scots string (“string”), Dutch streng (“cord, strand”), Low German strenge (“strand, cord, rope”), German Strang (“strand, cord, rope”), Danish streng (“string”), Swedish sträng (“string, cord, wire”), Icelandic strengur (“string”), Latvian stringt (“to be tight, wither”), Latin stringō (“I tighten”), Ancient Greek στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai, “to strangle”), from στραγγάλη (strangálē, “halter”), Ancient Greek στραγγός (strangós, “tied together, entangled, twisted”).

cog

στραγγαλόομαι

弦

any similar long, thin and flexible object

弓弦

ゆづる, yuzuru, ゆみづる, yumizuru, ゆんづる, yunzuru


dry

en-adj

dry (comparative drier or dryer, superlative driest or dryest)

drier (comparative)
dryer (comparative)
driest (superlative)
dryest (superlative)

wet

antonym(s) of “abstinent from or banning alcohol”

wet

antonym(s) of “not using afterburners or water injection”

wet

of a scientist or lab: doing computation

Sranan Tongo: drei

[d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaɪ̯]

Adjective and noun from Middle English drye, dryge, drüȝe, from Old English drȳġe (“dry; parched, withered”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgī, *draugī, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz, *draugiz (“dry, hard”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, support”). The verb derives from Middle English drien, from Old English drȳġan (“to dry”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgijan, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz (“hard, desiccated, dry”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“strong, hard, solid”).
cognates and related terms
 Cognate with Scots dry, drey (“dry”), North Frisian drüg, driig, Saterland Frisian druuch (“dry”), West Frisian droech (“dry”), Dutch droog (“dry”), Low German dröög (“dry”), German dröge (“dull”), Icelandic draugur (“a dry log”). Related also to German trocken (“dry”), West Frisian drege (“long-lasting”), Danish drøj (“tough”), Swedish dryg (“lasting, hard”), Icelandic drjúgur (“ample, long”), Latin firmus (“strong, firm, stable, durable”). See also drought, drain, dree.

cog

you don't miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

[A]lready the gate was blocked with a wall of squared stones laid dry, but very thick and very high, across the opening.

1937 September 21, J[ohn] R[onald] R[euel] Tolkien, “The Gathering of the Clouds”, in The Hobbit: Or There and Back Again, revised edition, New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, published February 1966 (August 1967 printing), →OCLC, page 247:

(masonry) Built without or lacking mortar.


heart

en-verb

heart (third-person singular simple present hearts, present participle hearting, simple past and past participle hearted)

hearts (present singular third-person)
hearting (participle present)
hearted (participle past)
hearted (past)

PIE word
 *ḱḗr
From Middle English herte, from Old English heorte (“heart”), from Proto-West Germanic *hertā, from Proto-Germanic *hertô (“heart”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérd (“heart”). Doublet of cardia; see also core.
Most of the modern figurative senses (such as passion or compassion, spirit, inmost feelings, especially love, affection, and courage) were present in Old English. However, the meaning “center” dates from the early 14th century.
The verb sense “to love” is from the 1977 I ❤ NY advertising campaign.

(transitive, masonry) To fill an interior with rubble, as a wall or a breakwater.


key

From Middle English keye, kaye, keiȝe, from Old English cǣġ (“key, solution, experiment”) (whence also Scots key and kay (“key”)), of uncertain origin. The only sure cognates are Saterland Frisian Koai (“key”), West Frisian kaai (“key”), and North Frisian kay (“key”). Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kēgaz, *kēguz (“stake, post, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵogʰ-, *ǵegʰ-, *ǵegʰn- (“branch, stake, bush”), which would make it cognate with Middle Low German kāk (“whipping post, pillory”), and perhaps to Middle Dutch keige (“javelin, spear”) and Middle Low German keie, keige (“spear”). For the semantic development, note that medieval keys were simply long poles (ending in a hook) with which a crossbar obstructing a door from the inside could be removed from the outside, by lifting it through a hole in the door. Liberman has noted, however, "The original meaning of *kaig-jo- was presumably '*pin with a twisted end.' Words with the root *kai- followed by a consonant meaning 'crooked, bent; twisted' are common only in the North Germanic languages."

шпи́лка

object used to maintain the orientation between two others

Key in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)


stroke

en-verb

stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)

strokes (present singular third-person)
stroking (participle present)
stroked (participle past)
stroked (past)
stroke (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Middle English stroken, straken (“to caress, fondle, pat, rub, smooth, stroke; to pass something over (someone or something); to brush or rub against;”) [and other forms], from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”), from *straik (“a line, stroke; a dash”) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōn (suffix forming verbs from nouns).
The noun is derived from the verb.
Cognates
* German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)
* German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”)
* Middle Low German strēken, Middle Dutch strēken (modern Dutch streeken)
* Old High German strīhhan, streihhōn, Middle High German strīchen (modern German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”))
* Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)
* West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)

nb...

strok, stroke, (Northern England, Scotland) straike, strake, (Early Middle English) straca, stracien

cog

(masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool.


drag

en-noun

drag (countable and uncountable, plural drags)

From Middle English draggen (“to drag”), early Middle English dragen (“to draw, carry”), confluence of Old English dragan (“to drag, draw, draw oneself, go, protract”) and Old Norse draga (“to draw, attract”); both from Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to draw, drag”).
Verb sense influenced due to association with the noun drag (“that which is hauled or dragged”), related to Low German dragge (“a drag-anchor, grapnel”). Cognate with Danish drægge (“to dredge”), Danish drage (“to draw, attract”), Swedish dragga (“to drag, drag anchor, sweep”), Swedish draga (“to draw, go”), Icelandic draga (“to drag, pull”). Doublet of draw.

cog

(masonry) A steel instrument for completing the dressing of soft stone.


screed

From Middle English screde [and other forms], a variant of shrede (“fragment, scrap; strip of cloth; strip cut off from a larger piece; band or thread woven into fabric; element, streak”) (whence shred (noun)), from Old English sċrēad, sċrēade (“a piece cut off; paring, shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudō (“a piece, shred; a cut, crack”), from *skraudaną (“to cut up, shred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”). The English word is cognate with Old Frisian skrēd. Doublet of escrow, scroll, and shred.

der

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-screed.wav

When applied to large surfaces, strips or screeds of wood should be fixed to float from; and when the plain surface is formed, it is finished with the handfloat.

1833, James Gallier, “Of Oil Mastic”, in The American Builder’s General Price Book and Estimator, […], New York, N.Y.: […] [Minard] Lafever and [James] Gallier, […] Stanley & Co., […], →OCLC, page 42:

The term Screed, in plastering, is a stile formed of lime and hair, about seven or eight inches wide, gauged exactly true. In floated-work these screed are made at every three or four feet distance, vertically round a room, and are prepared perfectly straight by applying the straight-edge to them to make them so; and when all the screeds are formed, the parts between them are filled up flush with lime and hair, or stuff, and made even with the face of the screeds. The straight-edge is then worked horizontally upon the screeds, to take off all superfluous stuff.

1841, Minard Lafever, “Plastering”, in The Modern Builders’ Guide, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: William D. Smith, →OCLC, page 104:

The use of timber battens as screeds makes it easy to get the floating coat flat. Getting a blemish-free skim coat is more difficult.

1991, Robert Matthews, “Plastering”, in Practical House Building: A Manual for the Selfbuilder, Leicester, Leicestershire: Blackberry Books, published 1998, →ISBN, page 77, column 1:

(construction, masonry) Senses relating to building construction and masonry.

A tool, usually a long strip of wood or other material, placed on a floor to be covered with concrete, a wall to be plastered, etc., as a guide for producing a smooth, flat surface.

майка

tool used as a guide for producing a smooth, flat surface

The screeds and vibrator on the machine finisher are set to give the proper surface elevation and produce a dense concrete. In most cases, there should be a sufficiently thick layer of mortar ahead of the screed to insure that all low spots will be filled. The vibrator follows the front screed and the rear screed is last. The rear screed should be adjusted to carry enough grout ahead of it to insure continuous contact between screed and pavement.

1973, T. W. Love, “Finishing Concrete”, in Construction Manual: Concrete & Formwork, Carlsbag, Calif.: Craftsman Book Company, published 2001, →ISBN, page 129:

A tool such as a long strip of wood or other material which is drawn over a wet layer of concrete, plaster, etc., to make it smooth and flat; also, a machine that achieves this effect; a screeder.

kalis

tool drawn over a wet layer to make it smooth and flat; machine that achieves this effect

[T]wo workmen, provided with a tub of putty and a quantity of plaster of Paris, proceed to run the cornice. Before using the mould, they gauge a screed of putty and plaster upon the wall and ceiling, covering so much of each as will correspond with the top and bottom of the intended cornice. On this screed one or two slight deal straight-edges, adapted to as many notches or chases made in the mould for it to work upon, are nailed.

1830, John Nicholson, “Plastering”, in The Builder’s Practical Guide: Containing a Complete Explanation of the Principles of Science, as Applied to Every Branch of Building: […], London: […] Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, […], →OCLC, page 615:

A few early churches were floored with a screed of weak concrete, after the Roman fashion, the ingredients being lime mortar and crushed brick (opus signinum).

1998, Warwick Rodwell, “The Archaeology of Church and Cathedral Floors”, in Jane Fawcett, editor, Historic Floors: Their Care and Conservation (Butterworth-Heinemann Series in Conservation and Museology), paperback edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire, Woburn, Mass.: Butterworth-Heinemann, published 2001, →ISBN, section 2.1.1 (Materials and Laying Techniques), page 41, column 2:

Nowadays they [PVC tiles] are manufactured with a backing that is coated with an adhesive (peel and stick) so that they may be laid straight onto a slurry-finished granolithic screed.

1999, Chris de Jager, “Finishing”, in Building and Civil Technology N3, Cape Town, South Africa: Maskew Miller Longman, published 2007, →ISBN, section 10.1 (Floors), page 196:

A smooth, flat layer of concrete, plaster, or similar material, especially if acting as a base for paving stones, tiles, wooden planks, etc.


screed

en-verb

screed (third-person singular simple present screeds, present participle screeding, simple past and past participle screeded)

screeds (present singular third-person)
screeding (participle present)
screeded (participle past)
screeded (past)

From Middle English screde, Early Middle English screda, a variant of shreden, shrede (“to chop, cut up, hack; to cut to shape; to maim, wound; to prune, trim”) [and other forms] (whence shred (verb)), from Old English scrēadian (“to cut up, shred; to cut off, prune”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudaną (“to cut up, shred”), see further at etymology 1; later uses are derived from the noun screed.

inh

For this surfacing, the concrete is screeded and then covered with crushed red granite of 2- to 2½-in. size which is spread with shovels on the wet concrete, the quantity averaging about 55 lb. of stone per square yard.

1924 February 21, “Rebuilding a Section of Street Railway at Milwaukee”, in Frank C. Wright, editor, Engineering News-Record, volume 92, number 8, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 310:

Pouring of the slab was then started and, as the concrete was brought to full height it was screeded off to the proper level, employing screed guides which had been set previously to true elevation, with support on the slab reinforcing.

1939 July 15, “C.N.R. Build More Long-span Concrete Bridges”, in Samuel O. Dunn, editor, Railway Age, volume 107, number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: Simmons-Boardman Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 107, column 1:

To screed and finish street and airfield pavements, you need power screeds and finishers. [...] Figure 3-22 shows a power screed as it screeds concrete over 1/2-inch steel reinforcing.

1984, Peter J. Breed, “Constructing Concrete Pavements”, in Pavements Maintenance Specialist (AFSC 55150) (55150 02 7905; CDC 55150), volume 2 (Concrete Pavements), Gunter Air Force Station, Ala.: Extension Course Institute, Air University, →OCLC, page 37, column 2:

Immediately after shotcreting, the repair surfaces should be screeded to remove high areas and to expose low areas. Low areas should be filled with a subsequent spray to ensure a true flat surface. After screeding, the entire surface should be given a flashcoat finish, unless a finish coat is specified.

1993, Farzin Lackpour, “Concrete Superstructures”, in Parsons Brinckerhoff (company), edited by Louis G. Silano and Arnold C. Henderson, Bridge Inspection and Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide, New York, N.Y., Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 38, column 1:

Generally, a sufficiently thick layer of concrete should build up ahead of the screed to fill all low spots completely. The sequence of the operation is: screed, vibrate, then screed again.

1998, U.S. Department of the Army, “Construction Procedures”, in Concrete, Masonry, and Brickwork: A Practical Handbook for the Home Owner and Small Builder, Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, published 1999, →ISBN, paragraph 5-63, page 131:

Once a sufficient area of bricks has been removed, dry sand can be placed and screeded out before compacting, re-sanding and screeding to the correct level. The bricks are then re-laid and tapped into place to provide a seamless repair.

2006, Toby Buckland et al., “Outside”, in Ariana Klepac, editor, The House Book, Sydney, N.S.W., London: Murdoch Books, →ISBN, page 12:

(transitive, construction, masonry) To use a screed to produce a smooth, flat surface of concrete, plaster, or similar material; also (generally) to put down a layer of concrete, plaster, etc.

tasoittaa

to use a screed to produce a smooth, flat surface


course

→ Gulf Arabic: كورس (kōrs)

From Middle English cours, from Old French cours, from Latin cursus (“course of a race”), from currō (“run”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of cursus and cour.

polku

path that something or someone moves along

the course of true love never did run smooth

On a building that size, two crews could only lay two courses in a day.

A row or file of objects.
(masonry) A row of bricks or blocks.

A row or file of objects.
A row of bricks or blocks.


torch

en-verb

torch (third-person singular simple present torches, present participle torching, simple past and past participle torched)

torches (present singular third-person)
torching (participle present)
torched (participle past)
torched (past)

Borrowed from French torcher (“to daub; to wipe; to build or plaster with clay mixed with chopped straw”), from torche (“bundle of (twisted) straw; torch”) (see further at etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming the infinitives of first-conjugation verbs).

bor

(transitive, masonry, archaic or historical) To point (“fill up and bring to a smooth finish”) (inside joints of slates laid on laths) using lime hair mortar.

to point (inside joints of slates laid on laths) using lime hair mortar

rapata hiuksilla vahvistetulla kalkkilaastilla


cyclopean

en-adj

cyclopean (comparative more cyclopean, superlative most cyclopean)

more cyclopean (comparative)
most cyclopean (superlative)

(masonry) Fitted together of huge irregular stones.


heading

(masonry) The end of a stone or brick which is presented outward.


broach

From Middle English broche, from Old French broche, from Vulgar Latin *brocca, originally a feminine form of Latin broccus, perhaps ultimately of Gaulish origin (see Scottish Gaelic bròg; cognate to brochure).

(masonry) A broad chisel for stone-cutting.


scant

Adjective and determiner from Middle English scant, from Old Norse skamt, neuter of skammr (“short”), from Proto-Germanic *skammaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱem- (“mutilated, hornless”). Verb from Middle English scanten, from the adjective. Noun and adverb from Middle English scant, from the adjective.

der

(masonry) A block of stone sawn on two sides down to the bed level.


panel

From Middle English panel (“piece of cloth, saddle pad, pane of glass, piece of ice, part, division, jury list, jury members”), from Anglo-Norman panel, panelle (“piece of cloth, saddle cushion”), from Vulgar Latin *pannellus, diminutive of Latin pannus (“cloth, rag, garment”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂n- (“fabric”). Cognate with Old English fana (“a piece of cloth, patch, banner, flag, vane”). Doublet of vane.

cog

(masonry) One of the faces of a hewn stone.

(masonry) A slab or plank of wood used instead of a canvas for painting on.


boast

en-verb

boast (third-person singular simple present boasts, present participle boasting, simple past and past participle boasted)

boasts (present singular third-person)
boasting (participle present)
boasted (participle past)
boasted (past)

(masonry) To dress, as a stone, with a broad chisel.


withe

From Middle English withe, withthe, from Old English wiþe, wiþþe (“cord, band, thong, fetter”), from Proto-Germanic *wiþiz, *wiþjǭ (“cord, rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéh₁itis (“that which twines”), from *weyt- (“that which winds or bends, branch, switch”), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, wind, bend”). Cognate with Danish vidje (“wicker”), Swedish vidja (“withe, wicker, osier”), Icelandic við, viðja (“a withe”), Latin vītis (“vine”), Russian ветвь (vetvʹ, “branch, bough, limb”). Doublet of vice (“a type of tool, etc.”). The brickwork and chimney architecture senses may have a different etymology, see wythe.

doublet

[…] single withe of brick laid flat in common bond reinforced vertically by 8" piers

1937, American Architect and Architecture:

[…] brick (single withe), one brick (two withes) or a brick-and-a-half thick. At the University of Virginia, Charlottesville , Thomas Jefferson demonstrated beautifully that a single withe of brick was adequate for[…]

[…] single-withe construction using concrete masonry units with the voids on the ends[…]

1994, James T. Frane, Craftsman's Illustrated Dictionary of Construction Terms, Craftsman Book Company, →ISBN, page 162:

[…] single-withe, or barrier, wall. Multiple-withe walls are also constructed, and can consist of composite brick-block walls or cavity walls.

1994, Comité euro-international du béton, Fastenings to Concrete and Masonry Structures: State of the Art Report, Thomas Telford, →ISBN:

[…] single withe of fired brick or stone masonry, referred to in Turkish as[…]

2001, Association for Preservation Technology, Bulletin - Association for Preservation Technology:

(masonry) Alternative spelling of wythe (“single section of bricks one unit thick”)


gather

From Middle English gaderen, from Old English gaderian (“to gather, assemble”), from Proto-West Germanic *gadurōn (“to bring together, unite, gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, assemble, keep”).

der

(masonry) The soffit or under surface of the masonry required in gathering. See gather.


thermal

From French thermal, from New Latin *thermalis, from Ancient Greek θέρμη (thérmē, “heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to heat, warm”).

(stone) Having a rough finish from treatment with a blowtorch.


thermal

en-verb

thermal (third-person singular simple present thermals, present participle thermaling or thermalling, simple past and past participle thermaled or thermalled)

thermals (present singular third-person)
thermaling (participle present)
thermalling (participle present)
thermaled (participle past)
thermaled (past)
thermalled (participle past)
thermalled (past)

(stone) To create a rough finish on stone by treating it with a high-temperature blowtorch.


English bond

(masonry) In bricklaying, an arrangement of bricks such that one course has the short sides of the bricks (headers) facing outwards, and the next course has the long sides of the bricks (stretchers) facing outwards.

aparell anglès

in bricklaying, an arrangement of bricks


Flemish bond

(masonry) In bricklaying, an arrangement of bricks such that each course consists of alternate bricks having their short sides (headers) and long sides (stretchers) facing outwards, with alternate courses being offset.


browning

en-noun

browning (countable and uncountable, plural brownings)

(masonry) A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of plaster.


flush

en-verb

flush (third-person singular simple present flushes, present participle flushing, simple past and past participle flushed)

flushes (present singular third-person)
flushing (participle present)
flushed (participle past)
flushed (past)

Probably from Etymology 1 according to the American Heritage Dictionary.

(masonry) To fill in (joints); to point the level; to make them flush.


header

Coordinate term: stretcher

This wall has four header courses.

(masonry) A brick that is laid sideways (on its largest face), for example at the top of a wall or within the brickwork, with its smallest side showing (oriented so that that side is wider than it is tall).


dutchman

From Dutchman. Attested mainly in the US from the late 19th century.

(carpentry, masonry) A piece of wood or stone used to repair a larger piece, shaped such that it fills as exactly as possible a void or cavity that is to be repaired.


hacking

en-noun

hacking (usually uncountable, plural hackings)

From Middle English hackynge, hakkynge, hacckinge, equivalent to hack + -ing.

(obsolete, masonry) The separation of a course of stones into two smaller courses, when there are not enough large stones to form a single course.


reticulated

(masonry) Constructed with diamond-shaped stones.


tingle

cognate with the Middle High German zingel

The tingle is fastened on the top of the brick by a small pat of mortar, on which is placed a piece of brick to keep the tingle firm.

1915 February, “British Method of Laying Bricks”, in Building Age, volume 37, page 68:

a tingle is used to prevent the line from sagging in the middle if it is being used on a long wall

1983, W. G. Nash, Brickwork - Volume 1, page 76:

To prevent a long line sagging, it can be given intermediate support with a tingle plate.

2013, Michael Hammett, Brickwork and Paving: For House and Garden:

(masonry) An attachment in the middle of a long guide line to keep it from sagging.


tingle

en-verb

tingle (third-person singular simple present tingles, present participle tingling, simple past and past participle tingled)

tingles (present singular third-person)
tingling (participle present)
tingled (participle past)
tingled (past)

If there is much length of line it will require tingling up to keep it from sagging. To tingle a line it is best to have a plumbing place at that point were the tingle is to be fixed so as to ensure the work beging kept true.

(masonry) To secure the middle of a guide line by means of a tingle.


nogging

en-noun

nogging (countable and uncountable, plural noggings)

(masonry) Rough brick masonry used to fill open spaces.


wythe

Uncertain.
* Perhaps an alteration of width.
* Perhaps related to withe (“flexible twig; band of twigs”), from Old English wiþþe (“tie, band”).
The chimney-partition sense may derive from the fact that a single wythe or thickness of brick has often been used for such partitions.

That wall has to be at least three wythes of brick to support your load.

(masonry) A continuous vertical section of masonry, one unit in thickness.


Dutch corner

(masonry) Laying bricks with a three-quarter brick closure at the corner.


screeding

(masonry) The process of producing a smooth flat layer of concrete or similar material.


overhand

(masonry) Laid such that the surface of the wall to be jointed is on the opposite side of the wall from the mason, requiring the mason to lean over the wall to complete the work.


stereotomy

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-stereotomy.wav

From French stéréotomie, from Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós, “solid”) + -τομία (-tomía, “-cut”).

uder

Here your countenance brightened up, and, perceiving your lips move, I could not doubt that you murmured the word ‘stereotomy’, a term very affectedly applied to this species of pavement.

1841, Edgar Allan Poe, The Murders in the Rue Morgue:

(geometry, masonry) The cutting or dissection of solids.


repoint

en-verb

repoint (third-person singular simple present repoints, present participle repointing, simple past and past participle repointed)

repoints (present singular third-person)
repointing (participle present)
repointed (participle past)
repointed (past)

(masonry) To replace or repair the pointing in brickwork.


rejoint

rejoint (third-person singular simple present rejoints, present participle rejointing, simple past and past participle rejointed)

rejoints (present singular third-person)
rejointing (participle present)
rejointed (participle past)
rejointed (past)

(architecture, masonry) to fill up the joints of, as stones in buildings when the mortar has been dislodged by age and the action of the weather.


strickle

From Middle English strikile, strikelle, strikyll, from Old English stricel, equivalent to strick + -le (diminutive suffix). Compare Middle Dutch strijkel, streekel, strekel.

(carpentry, masonry) A template; a pattern.


offbear

offbear (third-person singular simple present offbears, present participle offbearing, simple past offbore, past participle offborne)

offbears (present singular third-person)
offbearing (participle present)
offbore (past)
offborne (participle past)

(masonry, brickmaking) To carry off from the moulding-table and place on the ground to dry.


plain work

(masonry) Smooth stonework without decoration or ornamentation.


regrate

regrate (third-person singular simple present regrates, present participle regrating, simple past and past participle regrated)

regrates (present singular third-person)
regrating (participle present)
regrated (participle past)
regrated (past)

(masonry) To remove the outer surface of, as of an old hewn stone, so as to give it a fresh appearance.


nigged

From UK dialect nig (“to clip money”), and -ed.

(archaic, masonry) Roughly shaped with a stonecutter's hammer; hammer-dressed.


heartbond

(masonry) A bond in a stone wall in which two headers meet in the middle of a wall and another header covers the joint between them.


butment

(masonry) The mass of stone or solid work at the end of a bridge, by which the extreme arches are sustained, or by which the end of a bridge without arches is supported.


heart bond

(masonry) A bond in which no header stone stretches across the wall, but two headers meet in the middle, and their joint is covered by another stone laid header fashion.


tuck pointing

(masonry) The finishing of joints along the center lines with a narrow ridge of putty or fine lime mortar.


set fair

set fair (third-person singular simple present sets fair, present participle setting fair, simple past and past participle set fair)

sets fair (present singular third-person)
setting fair (participle present)
set fair (participle past)
set fair (past)

The ceilings of the upper story to be lathed, plastered, and set fair; and the walls of the same, with those of the living rooms, to be rendered and set fair.

1849, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England:

The cavities or cells run horizontally, and the blocks are dovetailed together at the joints, and united with strong-guaged plaster of Paris and lime putty, or air-slacked lime. They are set fair, and dressed with scrapers, forming a surface suitable either for paint or paper.

1855, The Practical Mechanic's Journal - Volumes 7-8, page 109:

The ceiling of basement to be lathed with strong laths securely nailed, plastered two coats, set fair, and twice whitened when dry.

1860, Robert Scott Burn, Handbook of the Mechanical Arts, page 48:

(masonry) To provide a smooth, finished surface on plaster after roughing in.


downstrike

downstrike (third-person singular simple present downstrikes, present participle downstriking, simple past downstruck, past participle downstricken)

downstrikes (present singular third-person)
downstriking (participle present)
downstruck (past)
downstricken (participle past)

There was no trace of plaster inside the stair tower in the Barns: most of the interior was in brick, and the mortar pointing was downstruck and usually scored.

A struck joint is made by running the trowel along the joint before the mortar is hard, either pressing in at the top: upstruck (or weathered), which exposes the mortar to the weather, or pressing in at the bottom: downstruck (or struck).

2012, Sarah Gunn, Stone House Construction, →ISBN, page 112:

(masonry) To point (finish a joint) by pressing mortar in at the bottom.


underpoint

underpoint (third-person singular simple present underpoints, present participle underpointing, simple past and past participle underpointed)

underpoints (present singular third-person)
underpointing (participle present)
underpointed (participle past)
underpointed (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-underpoint.wav

When the plates are firmly secured to the walls with the proper wall anchors all the interstices between the wedges should be underpointed with mortar.

1891, Carpentry and Building - Volume 13, page 37:

The most suitable material has proved to be the seconds or thirds types of Welsh slate laid on stout battens and well underpointed in haired mortar, gauged with cement.

Pantiles made from Bridgwater Clay must not be torched or underpointed, but the roof should be boarded and felted, battened and counterbattened.

1938, The Architect & Building News - Volume 153, page xlv:


stretcher bond

(masonry) In bricklaying, an arrangement of bricks or stones laid lengthwise in successive courses, the joints of the one falling at the middle of that above and below.


backerboard

A tile setter mounts colorful American-Olean ceramic tile on a new gypsum backerboard in a motel bathroom...

1962, “A building product for any need”, in National Gypsum Company Annual Report, page 4:

Ceramic tile has a well-deserved reputation as a durable material, but neither tile, nor cement backerboard, nor latex thinset or grout, can be relied upon to provide waterproofing protection.

2000 November 21, Michael Byrne, “Liability and Waterproofing in Ceramic Installations”, in Floor Covering Installer:

There are all sorts of different tile backer board products out there. Some are cement-based, some are gypsum-based, and others have a mix of ingredients.

2007 February 25, Tim Carter, “For backer board, cement worth effort”, in The Record, Bergen County, NJ, page R4:

Dear Tim: What you call backerboard might be something entirely different from what I call backerboard. I'm quite concerned that you don't really have a waterproof backerboard since you said it crumbled. Technically, you have a board that is backing up tile, so I guess you can call it backerboard.

2015 February 15, Tim Carter, “If it's gypsum, it's not good backerboard for tile”, in Telegraph-Herald, Dubuque, Iowa, page E8:

A board used behind or under other material, often as support.

(construction, masonry, carpentry) Boards used as underlayment for tile, plaster, or other materials.


workstone

(masonry) A stone with which a person works.