peroxidatic

(biochemistry) Relating to, or by means of a peroxidase


affimer

(biochemistry) A small protein that binds to a target molecule in the manner of an antibody


cellosyl

(biochemistry) A muramidase produced by the bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor


myohemoglobin

(biochemistry) A form of hemoglobin associated with muscle tissue


ligandomic

(biochemistry) Relating to ligandomes or to ligandomics


bicornutin

(biochemistry) An arginine-rich oligopeptide that has antimicrobial properties


mesoporphyrinogen

en-noun

mesoporphyrinogen (countable and uncountable, plural mesoporphyrinogens)

(biochemistry) An intermediate in the metabolism of porphyrinogens


rhizomide

(biochemistry) Any of a group of antimicrobial cyclic xenopeptides produced by the bacterium Paraburkholderia rhizoxinica


deoxyhypusination

(biochemistry) Modification by the addition of deoxyhypusine


deoxyhypusinate

en-verb

deoxyhypusinate (third-person singular simple present deoxyhypusinates, present participle deoxyhypusinating, simple past and past participle deoxyhypusinated)

deoxyhypusinates (present singular third-person)
deoxyhypusinating (participle present)
deoxyhypusinated (participle past)
deoxyhypusinated (past)

(biochemistry) To modify by the addition of deoxyhypusine


insertant

(biochemistry) A receptor that is inserted into an enzyme


cuprophore

(biochemistry) A material (typically a protein) that transports copper ions


monoglucosyltransferase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a single glucosyl group


deoxyhypusinated

(biochemistry) Modified by the addition of deoxyhypusine


tikitericin

(biochemistry) A lanthipeptide present in a bacterium of the genus Thermogemmatispora


uromucoid

(biochemistry) A glycoprotein present in urine


ultramer

(biochemistry) Any of a class of synthetic DNA sequences


mesopolysaccharide

(biochemistry) Any polysaccharide that coats the surface of the mesothelium


microlipidome

From micro- + lipidome or microlipid + -ome.

(biochemistry) All the microlipids of an organism


exomarker

(biochemistry) An exogenous marker / probe


ribolock

(biochemistry) A material that inhibits the action of ribonuclease


acetomannan

(biochemistry) An acetylated mannan present in aloe


nutrimetabolomics

(biochemistry) The metabolomics of nutrition


pectooligosaccharide

(biochemistry) An oligosaccharide form of pectin


multirotation

en-noun

multirotation (countable and uncountable, plural multirotations)

(dated, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry) mutarotation


oxylipidomic

(biochemistry) Relating to oxylipidomics


phosphotransference

(biochemistry) The transference of a phosphate group, typically by means of a phosphotransferase


cereblon

(biochemistry) A protein associated with ubiquitination


venestatin

(biochemistry) A calcium-binding protein produced by the parasitic nematode Strongyloides venezuelensis


xenopolymerase

(biochemistry) A DNA polymerase that originated in a different organism.


deoxygalactonojirimycin

(biochemistry) A deoxy derivative of galactonojirimycin, 1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-galactitol


mirmimic

(biochemistry) Any material that mimics the action of microRNA


lactochrome

(biochemistry) A form of riboflavin present in milk


lacunin

(biochemistry) An extracellular matrix protein present in certain moths


enzymogenesis

Hence, the two cod enzyme structures define the earlier events and illustrate the "enzymogenesis," or emergence of a unique enzyme.

1992, Olle Danielsson, Hans Jörnvall, “"Enzymogenesis": classical liver alcohol dehydrogenase origin from the glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase line”, in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, →DOI, page 9250:

This multiple enzymogenesis of the same activity from different superfamilies is again analogous to the situation for ADHs and PDHs, where different forms belong to either of these two superfamilies.

2008, B. Persson, J. Hedlund, H. Jörnvall, “Medium- and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene and protein families”, in Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, →DOI:

On the supposition that these ADH families might have evolved in response to ethanol exposure, the possibility that ethanol triggered enzymogenesis within each ADH family will be discussed in the sections that follow.

2011, Aída Hernández-Tobías, Adriana Julián-Sánchez, Enrique Piña, Héctor Riveros-Rosas, “Natural alcohol exposure: is ethanol the main substrate for alcohol dehydrogenases in animals?”, in Chem Biol Interact, →DOI:

(biochemistry) The evolutionary development of function of an enzyme, typically used for alcohol dehydrogenases.


aeruginolysin

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#Translingual

(biochemistry) A proteinase formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa


ostreolysin

Pleurotus ostreatus
Pleurotus ostreatus#Translingual

(biochemistry) A cytolytic protein present in the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus


endoenzymatic

(biochemistry) Relating to, or caused by, an endoenzyme.


hypoacylation

(biochemistry) A diminished level of acylation, typically of a protein


fibrinoprotein

(biochemistry) A protein related to fibrinopeptide


multimethylated

(biochemistry) methylated at multiple sites


carmalol

(biochemistry) A derivative of phlorethol containing a dibenzodioxin moiety.


phlorethol

(biochemistry) A phloroglucinol oligomer with C-O-C linkages, a kind of phlorotannin.


eckol

Derived from Ecklonia, a genus of brown algae, + -ol

(biochemistry) phlorotannin from Lessoniaceae brown algae.


cystine knot

(biochemistry) A protein structural motif containing three disulfide bridges formed from pairs of cysteine residues. The sections of polypeptide that occur between two of them form a loop through which a third disulfide bond passes, resulting in a rotaxane substructure. This motif stabilizes protein structure and is conserved in proteins across various species.


immunometabolite

(biochemistry) A metabolite produced by the immune system


tetrapenin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of exosomal proteins


caenacin

Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans#Translingual

(biochemistry) A protein (with associated gene "CaeNaCin") present in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans


sebelipase

(biochemistry) A recombinant form of lipase


inotocinergic

(biochemistry) Produced or activated by inotocin


supertope

(biochemistry) An epitope that is almost universally present in a particular group.


protransglutaminase

(biochemistry) The inactive precursor of transglutaminase


proteometabolomic

(biochemistry) proteomic and metabolomic


nematocin

(biochemistry) A form of oxytocin produced by some nematodes


complementoid

complementoid (countable and uncountable, plural complementoids)

We have seen that the evidence for the existence of complementoid is supplied by its preventing complement from combining with certain molecules […]

1905, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, volume 74, page 12:

The change of toxins into toxoids is paralleled by the change of complements into complementoids.

1913, Walter D'Este Emery, Immunity and specific therapy, page 158:

(biochemistry, dated) An immunological complement that has lost its zymotoxic group, but which still has a receptor site for the hemolysin.


archease

(biochemistry) Any of a group of enzymes, involved in nucleic acid metabolism, found in almost all living organisms


triubiquitin

(biochemistry) A trimer of ubiquitin; the motif responsible for its biosynthesis


kinotype

(biochemistry) A profile of cellular kinase activity that is specific to a particular species


purothionin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of toxic cross-linked cyclic oligopeptides


oligoglycan

oligoglycan (countable and uncountable, plural oligoglycans)

(biochemistry) An oligomeric form of glycan


fimbrilin

(biochemistry) A protein present in fimbriae


semitrypsin

(biochemistry) A form of trypsin that cleaves peptide bonds only at one end of a protein


proteometabolism

(biochemistry) The metabolism of proteins


proteometabolic

(biochemistry) Relating to proteometabolism


FGly

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of C-alpha-formylglycine.


sulfcatalase

(biochemistry) An inactive form of the enzyme catalase formed by reaction with hydrogen sulfide or homocysteine


sulfheme

(biochemistry) An inactive form of heme formed by reaction with hydrogen sulfide


biogeocycling

(biochemistry, geology) The action of a biogeocycle


phaeophyll

(biochemistry) The carotenoid pigment of brown algae, mostly composed of fucoxanthin


phototransferase

(biochemistry) Any photochemical transferase


calopin

(biochemistry) A bitter chemical from Boletus calopus wikidata:Q77421148


aspercetin

(biochemistry) A hemorrhagic protein in the venom of a lancehead snake (Bothrops asper).


metallotransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that is a metalloenzyme


aquaglycoporin

(biochemistry) A form of aquaporin that is active in the transport of water and glycols (including glycerol)


spegatrine

(medicine, biochemistry) An adrenergic receptor antagonist isolated from Rauvolfia verticillata.


corynanthine

(biochemistry) An alkaloid found in plants of the genera Rauvolfia and Corynanthe (syn. Pausinystalia).


serotoninomimetic

(biochemistry) That mimics the action of serotonin


chimaerin

(biochemistry) Any of a class of protein that activates GTPase


amidoglycan

(biochemistry) A glycan that is bonded to the amine part of a peptide


sialoglycopolymer

(biochemistry) A glycopolymer of sialic acid


nonkinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that is not a kinase


sialoligand

(biochemistry) Any ligand formed from sialic acid or a derivative


dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase

(biochemistry) An enzyme produced by the liver that contributes to the breakdown of thymine and uracil.


lumicalciferol

(biochemistry) A photoisomer produced by the excessive irradiation of ergosterol, lumisterol, or vitamin D.


hydroxycalciferol

(biochemistry) a biologically active metabolite of vitamin D2 which is more active in curing rickets than its parent


dihydroxycalciferol

(biochemistry) A metabolite of vitamin D, exerting antirachitic activity in animals


(biochemistry) A zoosterol that functions in the serum as a cholesterol precursor, and is photochemically converted to vitamin D3 in the skin.


excisase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses an excision of a chromosome


hybridase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the degradation of RNA hybrids


Epo

If you live or train for sports at high altitude where oxygen levels are lower, the production of Epo is stimulated and your blood contains more red cells.

2011, Terence Allen, Graham Cowling, The Cell: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 86:

(biochemistry) Initialism of erythropoietin.


quercetamide

(biochemistry) An amide obtained from quercetin in the form of an amorphous orange-yellow powder.


teaghrelin

From tea + ghrelin, due to their ability to bind to ghrelin receptors.

(biochemistry) Any of a class of acylated flavonoid tetraglycosides found in some oolong tea varieties


thyroid-stimulating hormone

anterior pituitary gland
anterior pituitary gland

(biochemistry) A glycoprotein hormone synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates activity of the thyroid gland.


ubiquitin ligase

ubiquitin ligase (plural ubiquitin ligases)

(biochemistry) A protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, promoting protein ubiquitination and degradation.


heat shock protein

heat shock protein (plural heat shock proteins)

(biochemistry) A class of proteins produced when an organism undergoes heat stress or stress, which is then used to bind to heat intolerant proteins to stabilize their structures, and initiate some of the organism's stress responses.


C-peptide

(biochemistry) The inactive polypeptide excised from proinsulin during its conversion to insulin, containing 31 amino acid residues and secreted in equimolar amounts to insulin from beta cells.


respiratome

(biochemistry) A protein complex that regulates electron transport in respiration


ALT

Furthermore, wedelolactone also increased the activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased the level of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, therefore decreasing the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

2015 July 14, “Wedelolactone Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Improves Hepatic Steatosis Partly by AMPK Activation and Up-Regulation of Expression of PPARα/LPL and LDLR”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

alanine transaminase
alanine transaminase#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of alanine transaminase.


suilysin

(biochemistry) A cytolysin produced by Streptococcus suis


autoprocess

en-verb

autoprocess (third-person singular simple present autoprocesses, present participle autoprocessing, simple past and past participle autoprocessed)

autoprocesses (present singular third-person)
autoprocessing (participle present)
autoprocessed (participle past)
autoprocessed (past)

(biochemistry, of an enzyme) To act on the enzyme itself


mandelalide

en-noun

mandelalide (countable and uncountable, plural mandelalides)

(biochemistry) A marine derived macrolide, a oxygen heterocyclic compound with a large ring.


hypersuccinylate

en-verb

hypersuccinylate (third-person singular simple present hypersuccinylates, present participle hypersuccinylating, simple past and past participle hypersuccinylated)

hypersuccinylates (present singular third-person)
hypersuccinylating (participle present)
hypersuccinylated (participle past)
hypersuccinylated (past)

(biochemistry) To succinylate more than is normal


mercapto protease

en-noun

mercapto protease (plural mercapto proteases)

2005, "Proceedings on Rose Breeding, Cultivation and Production in China", Y Lin, Q Liu, IV International Symposium on Rose Research and Cultivation, actahort.org
Mercapto-protease and serine protease were both found in rose petals.

The protease may be mercapto protease, preferably papain.

2017, December 8, Chenguang Biotech Group Co Ltd, "Lycopene micro-capsule powder and preparation method therefor", European Patent Office EP3721874A1

2020, "Electrochemical detection of silver ions by using sulfur quantum dots modified gold electrode", L Fu, A Wang, K Xie, J Zhu, F Chen, H Wang, et al., Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Elsevier
The principle is that silver ion can inhibit the activity of free mercapto protease and thus inhibit its biological function [[4], [5], [6]].

Considering that papain is a mercapto protease enzyme, and sulfydryl groups of papain are deemed to show a strong affinity for Au and Ag (as was the case for BSA).

2020, X LiuY ZhangS WangC LiuT WangZ Qiuet al., “Performance comparison of surface plasmon resonance biosensors based on ultrasmall noble metal nanoparticles templated using bovine serum albumin”, in Microchemical Journal, Elsevier:

2021, "Cloning, expression and characterization of metalloproteinase HypZn from Aspergillus niger", P Song, W Xu, K Wang, Y Zhang, F Wang, X Zhou, et al., PLoS one, journals.plos.org
The cysteine protease inhibitor E-64 had little effect on enzyme activity, indicating that the HypZn active site does not contain cysteine and that it is not a mercaptoprotease.

(biochemistry) A protease that contains an active sulfhydryl group.


isoleukotoxin

(biochemistry) An epoxide derived from linoleic acid, systematically named 9,10-epoxy-12Z-octadecenoic acid.


angiotensin I

(biochemistry) A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin.


angiotensin II

angiotensin converting enzyme
angiotensin converting enzyme

(biochemistry) A form of angiotensin caused by the conversion of angiotensin I through removal of two C-terminal residues by the angiotensin converting enzyme.


angiotensin IV

central nervous system
central nervous system

(biochemistry) A hexapeptide that has a wide range of activities in the central nervous system.


angiotensin III

(biochemistry) A peptide that is formed by removing an amino acid from angiotensin II by aminopeptidase A.


madurose

(biochemistry) The monosaccharide derivative 3-O-methyl-D-galactose


angiotensin converting enzyme 2
angiotensin converting enzyme 2#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of human angiotensin converting enzyme 2.


acylome

(biochemistry) All the acyl species in the biochemistry of an organism


hyperacylation

(biochemistry) Excessive acylation (typically of histones)


subexpressed

(biochemistry) expressed to a smaller extent than is normal


electroenzyme

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses an electrochemical reaction


bioglycoconjugate

(biochemistry) A biological glycoconjugate.


kexin

kexin (countable and uncountable, plural kexins)

(biochemistry) A yeast serine peptidase.


nanobe

Blend of nano- + microbe; by surface analysis, nano- + -obe. From being nanoscale particles similar to microbes.

(geology, geochemistry, biology, biochemistry, microbiology, microscopy) A structure similar in appearance to a cell, but only nanometres in size.

Nanoscopic abiotic life, acellular life, or protolife.

A nanoscopic self-replicating structure.

Petrified nanoscopic structure, fossil or pseudofossil.


ovoflavin

ovoflavin (usually uncountable, plural ovoflavins)


light chain

(biochemistry) The small polypeptide subunit of a protein complex.


cerliponase

(biochemistry) A peptidase that acts on tripeptides


cassiicolin

(biochemistry) A toxic protein produced by Corynespora cassiicola


melanoproteinase

(biochemistry) Any proteinase that acts on a melanoprotein


alboaggregin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of proteins that are platelet agonists


azatyrosine

(biochemistry) The amino acid (2S)-2-amino-3-(5-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)propanoic acid


lyxulose

(biochemistry) A pentose keto sugar, a derivative of lyxose


accelerostat

From accelero- + -stat. Coined by Estonian biochemists Paalme et al. in 1995.

coinage

(biochemistry) A continuous culture in which, after reaching a steady state as in a chemostat, dilution rate is increased smoothly at a constant rate of acceleration.


sarcinopterin

(biochemistry) A derivative of methanopterin


listericin

Drosophila melanogaster
Drosophila melanogaster#Translingual

(biochemistry) A listericidal protein produced by the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster; the gene responsible for its formation


phenylalanylleucine

(biochemistry) A dipeptide composed of phenylalanine and leucine


tyrosinase related protein 1
tyrosinase related protein 1#English

Acronym of tyrosinase related protein 1.


dodecandrin

(biochemistry) A small protein that inhibits the action of ribosomes


phosphodestruction

(biochemistry) The destruction of phosphorylated proteins, typically in cell walls


NMD

nonsense-mediated decay
nonsense-mediated decay#English

(biochemistry, genetics) Initialism of nonsense-mediated decay.


NSD

Coordinate term: NMD

(biochemistry, genetics) Initialism of non-stop decay.


non-stop decay

(biochemistry) A cellular pathway for the rapid destruction of damaged or mutant messenger RNAs lacking a stop codon in the proper reading frame.


nonsense-mediated decay

(biochemistry) A cellular pathway for the rapid destruction of messenger RNAs with premature stop codons resulting from nonsense mutations or frameshifts.


tetratonic

PHOSPORUS/ELECTRON-MOLECULE COLLISIONS: High temperature negative ions, Electron impact study of tetratonic phosphorus vapor

1974, Nuclear Science Abstracts - Volume 30, Part 5, page 139:

This tetratonic polymer proved to be more active than any of the tritonic polymers, showing the maximal inhibition recordable under standard test conditions.

2009, G. E. W. Wolstenholme, David W. FitzSimons, Julie Whelan, Submolecular Biology and Cancer, page 179:

(biochemistry, rare) Made of four amino acids.


acetohydroxamate

acetohydroxamic acid
acetohydroxamic acid

(biochemistry, pharmacology) The conjugate base of acetohydroxamic acid, which coexists with it in solution according to pH balance and buffering systems (as with the conjugate forms of all weak acids).

(biochemistry, pharmacology) Any salt or ester of acetohydroxamic acid.


oligoxyloglucan

(biochemistry) An oligomeric form of xyloglucan


bioretrosynthesis

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) biochemical retrosynthesis


lumenogenic

(biochemistry) Relating to lumenogenesis


decoralin

(biochemistry) A peptide present in the venom of the wasp Oreumenes decoratus


juxtanodin

(biochemistry) An oligodendroglial protein that binds actin


xenoamicin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of acylated depsipeptides present in the pathogen Xenorhabdus.


mycosaccharide

(biochemistry) Any sugar present in fungi


regulatome

(biochemistry) All the regulatory metabolic pathways of an organism


miniproteinase

(biochemistry) A relatively small proteinase


de novo lipogenesis

en-noun

de novo lipogenesis (countable and uncountable, plural de novo lipogenesises)


kenotoxin

kenotoxin (countable and uncountable, plural kenotoxins)

(biochemistry, obsolete) A supposed toxin thought to be generated by exertion and to cause fatigue.


hypoglutamylation

(biochemistry) Less than normal glutamylation


ansamitocinoside

(biochemistry) Any glycoside of ansamitocin


protoalkaloid

(biochemistry) A precursor of an alkaloid, typically one that is not heterocyclic


palmitome

(biochemistry) The collection of palmitoylated proteins of an organism


hyperpalmitoylation

(biochemistry) Excessive palmitoylation, typically leading to astrogliosis


inosose

(biochemistry) A sugar present in muscle tissue


citrullinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses citrulline to produce ornithine


salikase

(biochemistry) An enzyme capable of hydrolyzing salicin to dextrose and saligenin.


heptadecaglycoside

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A glycoside containing seventeen sugar moieties


ammonialyase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that converts an amine into ammonia


phosphofructomutase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of isomers of fructose phosphates


preproorexin

(endocrinology, biochemistry) A precursor of orexin, selectively expressed in the lateral hypothalamic area.


preprothyrotropin

thyrotropin-releasing hormone
thyrotropin-releasing hormone

(endrocrinology, biochemistry) A large precursor protein of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, derived by posttranscriptional processing and enzymatic modification.


thyrotropin-releasing hormone

thyroid-stimulating hormone
thyroid-stimulating hormone

(biochemistry) A hypophysiotropic hormone produced by neurons in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin from the anterior pituitary.


photokinase

(biochemistry) A kinase involved with photokinesis


metaeffector

(biochemistry) An effector (protein) of an effector


antilipoid

[…] its peculiar behavior toward the lipoids suggests strongly that it is a product of the toxic action of the causal parasite upon the lipoids of the body-cells and is in the nature of an antilipoid.

1915, John Albert Kolmer, A Practical Text-book of Infection, Immunity, and Specific Therapy, page 247:

Lipoids, which are autogenous in the circulation, when injected with hog serum, produce formation of antilipoids in the rabbit.

1928, U.S. Public Health Service, Venereal Disease Information, page 49:

(biochemistry) A substance that destroys or degrades lipoids.


phosphonatase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses phosphonates


sarcosinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that hydrolyses sarcosine moieties from proteins


β-amino acid

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of beta-amino acid.


phosphoglycosyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a phosphoglycosyl group


phosphoglycosyl

(biochemistry) A glycosyl group attached to a phospholipid


thymonucleate

(biochemistry) Any salt of a nucleic acid.


toxifilin

(biochemistry) An actin present in chromists of the genus Toxoplasma


archiestrogen

(biochemistry) A naturally occurring estrogen mimic.


XopR

(bacteriology, biochemistry) A toxic protein secreted by Xanthomonas that damages plants


XopN

(bacteriology, biochemistry) A toxic protein secreted by Xanthomonas that damages plants by damaging their immune response


calyctomine

(biochemistry) An alkaloid found in shikakai (Acacia concinna), (1-hydroxymethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline).


acetylcholinic

(biochemistry) Of or relating to acetylcholine.


neoline

(biochemistry) A diterpene alkaloid from Aconitum plants, 20-ethyl-6α,16β-dimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-1α,8,14α-triol.


flavadine

https://books.google.com/books?id=mynNBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1348&lpg=PA1348 Dictionary of Alkaloids with CD-ROM edited by John Buckingham, Keith H. Baggaley, Andrew D. Roberts, Laszlo F. Szabo page 1348

(biochemistry) An alkaloid derived from Aconitum flavum, 12-acetyl-N-oxide-napelline.


prezizane

(biochemistry) A tricyclic terpene found in agarwood.


aconitane

(biochemistry) A diterpene alkaloid fundamental parent, (1R,2R,3R,5R,8S,9R,13R,17R)-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.1^(2,5).0^(1,10).0^(3,8).0^(13,17)]nonadecane.


daphniphylline

(biochemistry) A terpene alkaloid, (3β,7R,8α,22S-23-[(1R,4R,5S)-1,4-dimethyl-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-4-yl]-23-oxodaphnan-22-yl acetate


rNMP

The units of RNA, termed ribonucleoside monophosphates (rNMPs), have been recently found as the most abundant defects present in DNA.

2014, Hsiang-Chih Chiu et al., “RNA intrusions change DNA elastic properties and structure”, in Nanoscale, volume 6, number 17, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of ribonucleoside monophosphate.


glycophagy

(biology, biochemistry) feeding on, or metabolism of sugars, especially glucose


tetrapentapeptide

(biochemistry) An oligopeptide formed from forty-five amino acid units


polySia

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of polysialic acid.


phosphatidylthreonine

(biochemistry) The phospholipid phosphatidyl threonine that regulates calcium homeostasis


biotransferase

(biochemistry) Any naturally-occurring transferase


hepatoflavin

(biochemistry, rare) A derivative of vitamin B which prevents skin lesions and weight loss.


PEMT

PEMT (countable and uncountable, plural PEMTs)

(biochemistry) Initialism of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase.


mitoregulin

(biochemistry) A microprotein that supports mitochondrial supercomplexes


myoregulin

(biochemistry) A micropeptide that regulates muscle performance


myokinome

(biochemistry) All the myokines present in an organism


polymaltose

(biochemistry) Any polymeric carbohydrate composed of many maltose units


glucosamidase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that hydrolyses glucosamide


alpha-tocopherol

(biochemistry) The predominant form of vitamin E.


fbiC

(biochemistry, bacteriology) A gene found in Mycobacterium bovis that codes an enzyme involved in the production of coenzyme F₄₂₀-5.


pyroglutamase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of pyroglutamic acid.


hpaB

Abbreviation of hydroxyphenylacetate + B

Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli#Translingual

(biochemistry, bacteriology) A gene encoding the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase enzyme in Escherichia coli.


mauritianin

(biochemistry) A natural product: kaempferol 3-O-(2,6-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranoside


argiopine

(biochemistry) An argiotoxin with IUPAC name (2S)-N-[5-[3-[3-(2S)-2-[[amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]propylamino]propylamino]pentyl]-2-2-(2,4-[[dihydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino]butanediamide


argiotoxin

(biochemistry) One of several polyamine toxins isolated from the orbweaver spider.


corydaldine

(biochemistry) A bicyclic isoquinoline ketone alkaloid with IUPAC name 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one


mustakone

Derived from the Hindi word मोथा (mustaka) for Cyperus rotundus. Named by V.H. Kapadia, B.A. Nagasampagi, V.G. Naik, Sukh Dev in 1965.

(biochemistry) A tricyclic sesquiterpenoid with IUPAC name 1,5-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.0^(2,7)]dec-4-en-3-one


esteratic

en-adj

esteratic (comparative more esteratic, superlative most esteratic)

more esteratic (comparative)
most esteratic (superlative)

The acetyl group of acetylcholine can bind to the esteratic site of cholinesterase.

(biochemistry) Of or pertaining to esters.


βETE

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of β-exotoxin I exporter.


gregatin

(biochemistry) A kind of fungal metabolite containing a 2-methylfuran-3-one with three other side chains, including a hexene or hexadiene at ring position 2 and an acyl at position 4.


actophorin

(biochemistry) A protein that cuts actin filaments into monomers, found in Acanthamoeba.


coenzyme Q10

(biochemistry) The coenzyme Q found in humans with 10 isoprene units on the side chain.


coenzyme Q

(biochemistry) A coenzyme used in bacteria and animals containing 5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione with an isoprene side chain.


GGT

(biochemistry) Initialism of gamma-glutamyltransferase.


bilicyanin

From international scientific vocabulary, from German Bilicyanin. By surface analysis, bili- + cyan- + -in. The German word was naturalized into other languages as international scientific vocabulary (e.g., bilicyanin, bilicyanine).

surf

(biochemistry) A blue (or bluish) bile pigment found in gallstones and formed by oxidation of biliverdin or bilirubin.


CAPP

(biochemistry) Acronym of ceramide-activated protein phosphatase.


verbenalol

(biochemistry) An aglycone of verbenalin.


L-xylulokinase

en-noun

L-xylulokinase (countable and uncountable, plural L-xylulokinases)

adenosine triphosphate
adenosine triphosphate

adenosine diphosphate
adenosine diphosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate
L-xylulose 5-phosphate

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and L-xylulose, producing ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and L-xylulose 5-phosphate. It's a phosphotransferase used in metabolism.


SCHMOOSE

SCHMOOSE (countable and uncountable, plural SCHMOOSEs)

(biochemistry) A brain microprotein produced by mitochondria, malformed forms of which are thought to be involved in Alzheimer's


tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone

(biochemistry) An endogenous neurosteroid, synthesized from the adrenal hormone deoxycorticosterone by the action of two enzymes, 5α-reductasetype I and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.


Elapid venoms mainly comprise peptides and proteins from seven families; secreted phospholipases A2 (PLA2s)^(32,33,34,35,36) and three-finger toxins (3FTxs)^(36,37,38,39) are often major constituents and have a dominant role in the action of the venom, […]

2022 June 10, Oliveira, A.L., Viegas, M.F., da Silva, S.L. et al., “The chemistry of snake venom and its medicinal potential”, in Nature Reviews Chemistry, volume 6, →DOI, page 453:

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of three-finger toxin.


quinohaemoprotein

From quino- + haemo- + protein.
Coined by B W Groen, M A van Kleef, and J A Duine in 1986 in https://doi.org/10.1042%2Fbj2340611

(biochemistry) Any of a class of proteins that have haem and quinone as cofactors


legumelin

legumelin (countable and uncountable, plural legumelins)

(biochemistry) An albumin found in the seeds of various leguminous plants.


(biochemistry) Abbreviation of phospholipase A2.


SVMP

Other toxins — namely snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs)^(34,36,40,41,42), snake venom serine proteases (SVSPs)^(34,36,43) and l-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs)^(34,44,45,46,47) — represent an average of 6% of elapid venom.

(biochemistry) Initialism of snake venom metalloproteinase.


LAAO

L-amino-acid oxidase
w:L-amino-acid oxidase

(biochemistry) Initialism of L-amino-acid oxidase.


SVSP

(biochemistry) Initialism of snake venom serine protease.


ICK

The composition of the venoms of the first three is dominated by short (3–9-kDa) disulfide-rich peptides that contain the inhibitor cysteine knot (ICK) motif, although heavier proteins, including enzymes, are also present. ICK peptides are structurally very stable and mainly target the nervous system, acting primarily on membrane channels or neuronal receptors^(3,4,5).

2022 June 10, Oliveira, A.L., Viegas, M.F., da Silva, S.L. et al., “The chemistry of snake venom and its medicinal potential”, in Nature Reviews Chemistry, volume 6, →DOI, page 451:

inhibitor cystine knot
w:inhibitor cystine knot

(biochemistry) Initialism of inhibitor cystine knot.


LDH

LDH (countable and uncountable, plural LDHs)

lactate dehydrogenase
lactate dehydrogenase#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of lactate dehydrogenase.


BuChE

Coordinate term: AChE

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of butyrylcholinesterase.


creatine monohydrate

(biochemistry) The most common form of creatine, which is similar or identical to endogenous creatine produced in the human body.


AChE

Coordinate term: BuChE

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of acetylcholinesterase.


fushi tarazu

Borrowed from Japanese 節足らず (fushi-tarazu, literally “segment-deficient”), in reference to the absence of parasegments when not expressed.

bor+

(biochemistry) A Drosophila pair-rule gene that is responsible for the development of even-numbered (i.e. half of the) parasegments.


CEBPB

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta
w:CEBPB

(biochemistry) Initialism of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta.


pyorubin

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#Translingual

(biochemistry) A red pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


VlsE

(bacteriology, biochemistry) A lipoprotein from Borrelia mayonii involved in Lyme disease.


(biochemistry) Abbreviation of formin-binding protein 1


caritoxin

(biochemistry) Either of two amino acid toxins produced by the sea anemone species, Actinia cari.


tPA

Coordinate term: uPA

(biochemistry) Initialism of tissue plasminogen activator.


neodolabellane

(biochemistry) A diterpene formally derived from dolabellane by moving a methyl group from carbon 1 to position 11.


furcatin

(biochemistry) A natural product derived from Viburnum furcatum, with IUPAC name (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-(4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol


fructose 6-phosphate
fructose 6-phosphate#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of fructose 6-phosphate.


glucose-6-phosphate isomerase

en-noun

glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (plural glucose-6-phosphate isomerases)

fructose 6-phosphate
fructose 6-phosphate

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes intercellular the interconversion of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) and functions extracellular as a neurotrophic factor and lymphokine.


glucose 6-phosphate

(biochemistry) A glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.


fructose 6-phosphate

(biochemistry) A fructose derivative phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.


fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

(biochemistry) A fructose derivative phosphorylated at the hydroxy groups on carbon 1 and 6.


BLK

BLK (countable and uncountable, plural BLKs)

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of B lymphocyte kinase.


litorin

(biochemistry) A nonapeptide with composition L-pyroglutamyl-L-glutaminyl-L-tryptophyl-L-alanyl-L-valyl-glycyl-L-histidyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-methioninamide.


bonellin

(biochemistry) A green pigment found in Bonellia viridis with IUPAC name 3-[18-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,3,7,12,17-pentamethyl-22,23-dihydro-2H-porphyrin-2-yl]propanoic acid.


buphanine

(obsolete, biochemistry) An alkaloid extracted from Boophone disticha, but now shown not to be a chemical but to be a mixture.


supinine

(biochemistry) A pyrrolizidine alkaloid with IUPAC name [(8S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-methylbutanoate.


acetator

/ˈæsɪˌteɪtɚ/

From a theoretical Latin *acētātor from a acētāre (“to turn into acētum (“vinegar”)”).

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A device wherein bacteria process a liquid containing alcohol with the help of oxygen into carboxylic acid.


COMT

(biochemistry) Initialism of catechol-O-methyltransferase.


montanin

(biochemistry) A naturally found chemical compound with IUPAC name (1R,2R,6S,7S,8R,10S,11S,12R,16R,18R)-6,7-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4,18-dimethyl-16-prop-1-en-2-yl-14-undecyl-9,13,15,19-tetraoxahexacyclo[12.4.1.0^(1,11).0^(2,6).0^(8,10).0^(12,16)]nonadec-3-en-5-one


manacin

(biochemistry, obsolete) An alkaloid-like substance derived from Brunfelsia uniflora (or manaca) that is soluble in hot alcohol and precipitated by ether.


manacein

Thomas M. Githens (1926) “Additional studies on miré”, in Journal of American Pharmaceutical Association, volume 15, pages 1067-1068

(biochemistry, obsolete) An alkaloid-like substance derived from Brunfelsia hopeana (or manaca) that is soluble in hot alcohol but not in cold and precipitated by ether.


MSH

melanocyte-stimulating hormone
melanocyte-stimulating hormone#English

(endocrinology, biochemistry) Initialism of melanocyte-stimulating hormone.


TBG

thyroxine-binding globulin
thyroxine-binding globulin#English

(endocrinology, biochemistry) Initialism of thyroxine-binding globulin.


acetylgalactose

acetylgalactose (countable and uncountable, plural acetylgalactoses)

(biochemistry) An acetylated form of galactose.


gallerin

Named after Galleria mellonella, the wax moth.

(biochemistry) An antibiotic protein found in the brain of the wax moth larva.


adenosinic

adenosinic agonist

adenosinic receptor

Ferendelli remarked 206 that CAMP may be responsible for the inhibitory action of adenosinic and biogenic amines.

1990 September 25, Hendrik Keyzer, George M. Eckert, Felix Gutmann, Electropharmacology, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 361:

All the drugs were administered at a volume of 1 mL kg ! , completely dissolved and diluted in 0.9 % NaCl ( w / v ) ( saline ), with the exception of capsaicin and the adenosinic agonists.

1996, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology:

Caffeine blocks adenosinic receptors, which also reduces[…]

2021 January 2, John D. Preston, John H. O'Neal, Mary C. Talaga, Bret A. Moore, Handbook of Clinical Psychopharmacology for Therapists, New Harbinger Publications, →ISBN:

(biochemistry, organic chemistry, genetics) Of, relating to, or containing adenosine.


javanicin

javanicin (countable and uncountable, plural javanicins)

From Latin javanica + -in, after the taxonomic name of the plants.

(biochemistry) A small defensin-type antimicrobial peptide isolated from the seeds of Sesbania javanica.


AMPK

AMP-activated protein kinase
w:AMP-activated protein kinase

(biochemistry) Initialism of AMP-activated protein kinase.

(acetyl-CoA carboxylase) kinase
w:(acetyl-CoA carboxylase) kinase

(biochemistry) Initialism of (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) kinase.


alcohol dehydrogenase

alcohol dehydrogenase (plural alcohol dehydrogenases)

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.


calitoxin

(biochemistry) A sea anemone neurotoxin produced by Calliactis parasitica.


PlGF

(medicine, biochemistry) Abbreviation of placental growth factor.; a biomolecule encoded by the gene PGF (“placental growth factor gene”).


adrenalinogenic

Hazard R, Boissier JR, Giudicelli JF (Fac Med Paris, Paris, France) Comparison of changes of adrenalinogenic actions of potassium ions, rubidium, and cesium under the influence of direct pharmacological agents Arch Int […]

1972, National Library of Medicine (U.S.). Toxicology Information Program, Drug Interactions; an Annotated Bibliography with Selected Excerpts: 1967-1970, U.S. Government Printing Office:

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Creating adrenaline.


adrenalinic

Duration of treatment and observation on adrenalinic eosinopenia varied from sixty - five to three hundred and thirty days.

1951, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology:

Hyperaemia attains a maximum in denervated tissues owing to suppression of the adrenalinic mediator.

upper limit free of any apparent manifestations, and a lower limit expressed by a slight generalized hyperexcitability, discrete adrenalinic mydriasis which discloses the existence of a slight stimulation of the suprarenal capsule.

1963, Abstracts of Reports, Symposia, Discussions and Free Communications:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Of or pertaining to adrenaline.


jecorin

From Latin iecur, iecoris (“liver”) + -in.

(biochemistry, obsolete) An azotized substance containing sulfur, found in the livers of young animals.


ceratinine

(biochemistry) One of a family of pheromones used by the sponge Pseudoceratina arabica. It is one of a family of brominated aromatic amines.


tabularin

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A flavone found in the Indian Mahogany tree.


bussein

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A tetranortriterpene found in the Indian mahogany tree.


phragmalin

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A limonoid found in the Indian Mahogany tree.


meliacin

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A type of limonoid chemical.


C₄

The enzyme responsible for C₄ fixation is PEP carboxylase.

2021, Caroline Bowsher, Alyson Tobin, Plant Biochemistry:

Since C₄ plants have become more prevalent, and because they are poorer sources of nutrition, herbivores have had to adapt their feeding behaviour to the changing flora.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherworlds, Penguin, published 2023, page 29:

(biochemistry) Designating a type of photosynthesis or carbon fixation, or a plant using such a process.


microphyllinic acid

(biochemistry, lichenology) A lichen-derived chemical compound with IUPAC name 2-hydroxy-4-[2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-(2-oxoheptyl)benzoyl]oxy-6-(2-oxoheptyl)benzoic acid.


chiodectonic acid

(biochemistry, lichenology) A red dye derived from a lichen with IUPAC name 2-acetyl-3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxybenzo[f][1]benzofuran-4,9-dione.


glorin

(biochemistry) A chemoattractant used by some amoeba N-propionyl-γ-L-glutamyl-L-ornithin-δ-lactam-ethylester.


himasecolone

(biochemistry) A phenolic sesquiterpenoid with IUPAC name 6-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-6-methylheptan-2-one.


cedrin

(biochemistry) A flavonol from Cedrus deodara with IUPAC name (2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methyl-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one.


isocicutoxin

Cicuta virosa
Cicuta virosa#Translingual

(biochemistry) A toxic chemical from Cicuta virosa with IUPAC name (8Z,10E,12E)-heptadeca-8,10,12-trien-4,6-diyne-1,14-diol.


scolopin

(biochemistry) An antimicrobial peptide produced by Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans.


chbG

(biochemistry) A gene in the bacterium Escherichia coli that codes for a chitooligosaccharide deacetylase.


hGSTA

(biochemistry) Initialism of human glutathione S-transferase A.


tcdA

Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficile#Translingual

(biochemistry) The gene that encodes Clostridium difficile toxin A.


alpha-GAL

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of alpha-galactosidase.


Nickelback

From nickel + back. From having nickel atoms on the backbone structure.

(biochemistry) A peptide with a nitrogen backbone containing two nickel atoms and having 13 amino acids.


alpha-gal

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of galactose-alpha-1 and 3-galactose.


dodecin

dodecin (countable and uncountable, plural dodecins)

From dodecameric + -in (as the proteins assemble in groups of 12).

(biochemistry) A small protein from bacteria used to store flavins.


superprecipitation

(biochemistry) Formation of a gel in a reaction of muscle proteins: actin, myosin and ATP


diadenylyl

(biochemistry, in combination) Two adenylyl groups


photoblocker

(biochemistry, lithography) A substance that stops light.


BRCA

BRCA (countable and uncountable, plural BRCAs)

HGNC symbol, initialism of breast cancer.

The writer David Samuels, a friend since childhood, said the cause was metastatic breast cancer, which in her case had resulted from the BRCA genetic mutation. Ms. Wurtzel had a double mastectomy in 2015. After her diagnosis, she became an advocate for BRCA testing — something she had not had — and wrote about her cancer experience in The New York Times.

2020 January 7, Neil Genzlinger, “Elizabeth Wurtzel, ‘Prozac Nation’ Author, Is Dead at 52”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(biochemistry) Any of a number of genes and proteins associated with breast cancer, especially BRCA1 and BRCA2.


deltasatellite

The purple and green parts of deltasatellite SCR represent the predicted conserved stem-loop and secondary stem-loop structures, respectively.

2019, R. Vinoth Kumar, Geminiviruses: Impact, Challenges and Approaches, page 149:

Deltasatellites do not encode any gene in their genomes. However, they share some common features.

2021, Encyclopedia of Virology, page 246:

Several types of DNA satellites have been described to be associated with begomoviruses: betasatellites, alphasatellites, and deltasatellites.

2023, Elvira Fiallo-Olivé, Jesús Navas-Catillo, “Molecular and Biological Characterization of a New WOrld Mon-/Bipartite Begomovirus/Deltasatellite Complex Infecting Corchorus siliquosus”, in Giuseppe Parrella, Paul Leslie Guy, Toufic Elbeaino, editors, Emerging and Reemerging Plant Viruses in a Context of Global Change:

(biochemistry) A small non-coding DNA satellite about 700 nt long, associated with helper begomoviruses.


glycocholase

(biochemistry) choloylglycine hydrolase, an enzyme used in bile acid biosynthesis.


choloylglycine

(biochemistry) A chemical compound of cholane and glycine.


chonemorphine

(biochemistry) An alkaloid derived from Chonemorpha fragrans with IUPAC name (3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S,17S)-17-[(1S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-amine


choloyltaurine

(biochemistry) (usually N-choloyltaurine) taurocholic acid.


lipovitamin

A deficit of biliary lipids in the alimentary tract causes: (a) fat malabsorption¹⁴², principally of lipovitamins, cholesterol and monoacylglycerols, but not of long-chain fatty acids¹⁶; (b) delayed formation of gut chylomicrons with larger sizes¹⁴³; […].

2008, M. C. Carey, M. R. Leonard, “Pathophysiology of bile secretion”, in M. C. Carey, P. Dité, A. Gabryelewicz, V. Keim, J. Mössner, editors, Falk Symposium 161: Future Perspectives in Gastroenterology, Dordrecht: Springer, →ISBN, page 88:


organellomics

(biochemistry) The branch of cell biology that studies the structure and function of organelles in an organism.


I have always told them not to worry, but the truth is I carry a “faulty” gene, BRCA1, which sharply increases my risk of developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer.

2013 May 14, Angelina Jolie, “My Medical Choice”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(biochemistry) A human tumor suppressor gene associated with breast cancer.


GLP-1 (countable and uncountable, plural GLP-1s)

If GLP-1 drugs only treated diabetes and did not promote weight loss, they would still be medically groundbreaking.

2023 October 9, Tressie McMillan Cottom, “Ozempic Can’t Fix What Our Culture Has Broken”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

glucagon-like peptide-1
w:glucagon-like peptide-1

(biochemistry) Initialism of glucagon-like peptide-1.


misreplicate

en-verb

misreplicate (third-person singular simple present misreplicates, present participle misreplicating, simple past and past participle misreplicated)

misreplicates (present singular third-person)
misreplicating (participle present)
misreplicated (participle past)
misreplicated (past)

During cell division there is a probability that either or both of the master replicons will misreplicate and one of the daughter cells will be missing a master copy.

1970, Michael Abercrombie, Jean Brachet, Thomas Joseph King, Advances in Morphogenesis - Volume 8, page 177:

Thus when the second master unit begins to misreplicate, then in cells that still possess both units, the rate of misreplication becomes the same for both master units, even though they were initially lost at different rates.

1973, Alfred Marlyn Elliott, Biology of Tetrahymena, page 354:

Transcription errors cause a tector to misreplicate into a form symbiotic with living cells.

It is important to realize that errors in protein synthesis may also result in altered DNA polymerase, which would misreplicate DNA, thereby injecting errors into the genome that would lead to clones of abnormal cells (Orgel, 1973).

2013, Edward Schneider, The Genetics of Aging, page 18:

(transitive, intransitive, biochemistry, of DNA) To make an error during replication.


SNV

(biochemistry) Initialism of single-nucleotide variant.


nanoengager

Moreover, the nanoengagers can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics to further improve their therapeutic efficacy. We have demonstrated that effective NK cell activation can be achieved by the spatiotemporal coactivation of CD16 and 4-1BB stimulatory molecules on NK cells with nanoengagers, and the nanoengagers are more effective than free antibodies.

2020 July 3, Kin Man Au, Steven I. Park, Andrew Z. Wang, “Trispecific natural killer cell nanoengagers for targeted chemoimmunotherapy”, in Science Advances, volume 6, number 27, →DOI, page 1:

(biochemistry) A nanoparticle which engages certain cells in a process; a nanoscale engager.


JAK

(biochemistry) Initialism of Janus kinase.


Hp

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of haptoglobin.


immunoelectroosmophoresis

en-noun

immunoelectroosmophoresis (countable and uncountable, plural immunoelectroosmophoreses)

From immuno- + electro- + osmo- + -phoresis.

HBs Ag was determined by immunodiffusion and immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP) in parallel, as described.⁷ HBs Ag was subtyped as described elsewhere.⁸

1976 March 27, Gunnar Norkrans, Lars Magnius, Sten Iwarson, “e Antigen in acute hepatitis B”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →JSTOR, page 740:


metalloribozyme

(biochemistry) Any ribozyme that requires the presence of metal in order to perform its function.


leadzyme

Blend of lead + ribozyme, as originally discovered in a study relating to the presence of lead; but it has since been found in other environments.

(biochemistry) A small ribozyme that catalyzes the cleavage of a specific phosphodiester bond.


butyrinase

(biochemistry) The enzyme triacylglycerol lipase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester linkages of triglycerides.


sequential reaction

(biochemistry) a chemical reaction in which the product of each stage becomes the substrate of the next


hibernating gland

hibernating gland (plural hibernating glands)

Alluding to its use for food storage in hibernation. It is not, however, a true gland.

brown adipose tissue
brown adipose tissue

(biochemistry) The interscapular brown adipose tissue found in certain mammals.


colony-stimulating factor

colony-stimulating factor (plural colony-stimulating factors)

(biochemistry) A secreted glycoprotein that binds to receptor proteins on the surfaces of committed progenitors in the bone marrow, thereby activating intracellular signaling pathways that can cause the cells to proliferate and differentiate into a specific kind of blood cell.


conorfamide

(biochemistry) Any of a certain family of venom peptides from cone snails.


cobaltoprotein

(biochemistry) A metalloprotein that contains cobalt.


isopimarane

(biochemistry) A tricyclic diterpene with IUPAC name (2S,4aS,4bR,8aS,10aS)-2-ethyl-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8a,9,10,10a-decahydro-1H-phenanthrene.


obtuanhydride

(lichenolgy, biochemistry) A lichen-derived cyclic acid anhydride diterpene with IUPAC name (7aS,11aS)-2-hydroxy-8,8,11a-trimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-7a,9,10,11-tetrahydrobenzo[d][2]benzoxepine-5,7-dione


citrullinome

In this study, the presence of citrullinated proteins and fragments thereof in the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with RA was investigated by Western blotting and mass spectrometry (MS). This approach yielded an inventory of citrullinated proteins (citrullinome) in the inflamed joints of patients with RA.

2013 January, Joyce J. B. C. van Beers, Carla M. Schwarte, Judith Stammen-Vogelzangs, Els Oosterink, Borut Božič, Ger J. M. Pruijn, “The Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fluid Citrullinome Reveals Novel Citrullinated Epitopes in Apolipoprotein E, Myeloid Nuclear Differentiation Antigen, and β-actin”, in Arthritis & Rheumatism, volume 65, number 1, →DOI, page 70:

(biochemistry) The complete set of citrullinated proteins in a sample or location.


Gardos channel

First described in 1958 by György Gárdos in human erythrocytes.

(biochemistry) A voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium.


IFN

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of interferon.


KLH

KLH (countable and uncountable, plural KLHs)

keyhole limpet hemocyanin
keyhole limpet hemocyanin#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of keyhole limpet hemocyanin.


afucosylate

en-verb

afucosylate (third-person singular simple present afucosylates, present participle afucosylating, simple past and past participle afucosylated)

afucosylates (present singular third-person)
afucosylating (participle present)
afucosylated (participle past)
afucosylated (past)

By afucosylating benralizumab, it does not only binds^([sic]) IL-5Rα with a higher affinity, which leads to a competitive inhibition of IL-5, but also induces active apoptosis by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity [13,61,62].

2015, Bauke Pauwels, Karin Jonstam, Claus Bachert, “Emerging biologics for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis”, in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, volume 11, number 3, →DOI, →ISSN, page 355:

(transitive, biochemistry, rare) To remove a fucosyl group from.


olivetoric acid

(lichenology, biochemistry) A lichen derived organic acid with is a condensation of olivetolic acid with another similar acid. It has IUPAC name: 4-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-(2-oxoheptyl)benzoyl]oxy-2-hydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid


glucurono-

(biochemistry) Relating to glucuronic acid.


megaprotein

The protein known as human exosome complex, for example, includes several globular proteins, each more than 200 amino acids in length, which come together to make the larger megaprotein molecule.

2019, Kimberley Waldron, “Protein: The Most Critical Nutrient”, in 21st Century Chemistry, second edition, New York, N.Y.: W. H. Freeman, →ISBN, page 422:

(biochemistry) An extremely large protein.


monosialotetrahexosylganglioside

(biochemistry) A glycosphingolipid found in high concentrations in nerve cell membranes.


GPX

glutathione peroxidase
glutathione peroxidase#English

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of glutathione peroxidase.


glutathione peroxidase

(biochemistry) The general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the organism from oxidative damage.


small interfering RNA

(biochemistry) A double-stranded RNA molecule that inhibits gene expression by selectively degrading targeted messenger RNA.


chaotropically

en-adv

chaotropically (comparative more chaotropically, superlative most chaotropically)

more chaotropically (comparative)
most chaotropically (superlative)

(biochemistry, physical chemistry) In a chaotropic manner.


insertin

en-noun

insertin (countable and uncountable, plural insertins)

From insert + -in. Coined by K. Ruhnau, A. Gaertner, and A. Wegner.

(biochemistry) A proteolytic fragment of tensin.


cataplerotically

(biochemistry) Relating to cataplerosis.


NPRA

natriuretic peptide receptor A
w:natriuretic peptide receptor A

(biochemistry) Initialism of natriuretic peptide receptor A.


corticotropin-releasing hormone

corticotropin-releasing hormone (countable and uncountable, plural corticotropin-releasing hormones)

adrenocorticotropic hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone

(biochemistry) A peptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus, involved in the stimulation of the pituitary synthesis of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).


phosphatidyltransferase

phosphatidyltransferase (countable and uncountable, plural phosphatidyltransferases)

Steps that follow the formation of archaeal phospholipids are the activation of CDP-archaeol by CarS […] and head group modification by enzymes of the CPD-alcohol phosphatidyltransferases and by enzymes that are homologues of their bacterial counterparts.

2016, Pierre Pontarotti, Evolutionary Biology: Convergent Evolution, Evolution of Complex Traits, Concepts and Methods, page 196:

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphatidyl group from one molecule to another, involved in lipid metabolism and cell membrane synthesis.


actodigin

(biochemistry) A cardiotonic steroid, C₂₉H₄₄O₉ which is a synthetic isomer of digitoxigenin-glucoside with a modified lactone ring.


interferonic

Expression of the transgene was found in the mammary gland of lactating founder transgenic mice 26 and 28: the hybrid BLG-hIFN-g mRNA was detected in the mammary gland tissue (Fig. 3) and an interferonic activity of about 1,800 IU/ml was observed in the milk samples (Table I), which corresponds to the hIFN-g concentration of about 20 ng/ml[.]

1993 March, V.N. Dobrovolsky, O.V. Lagutin, T.V. Vinogradova, I.S. Frolova, V.P. Kuznetsov, O.A. Larionov, “Human γ-interferon expression in the mammary gland of transgenic mice”, in FEBS Letters, volume 319, numbers 1–2, →DOI, page 183:

(biochemistry) Pertaining to or characteristic of interferons.


xDNA

(biochemistry, molecular biology) A size-expanded nucleotide system synthesized from the fusion of a benzene ring and one of the four natural bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.


mandibular pheromone

mandibular pheromone (plural mandibular pheromones)

queen retinue pheromone
queen retinue pheromone#English

(biochemistry) Synonym of queen retinue pheromone


queen retinue pheromone

queen retinue pheromone (plural queen retinue pheromones)

(biochemistry) A kind of honey bee pheromone that serves to attract a circle of bees around the queen.


dextrinization time

dextrinization time (countable and uncountable, plural dextrinization times)

(biochemistry) The amount of time required for a starch molecule to be converted to dextrin.


Crabtree effect

Crabtree effect (plural Crabtree effects)

Named after biologist Herbert Grace Crabtree, whose study of the carbohydrate metabolism of tumours led the discovery of the effect.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae#Translingual

tricarboxylic acid cycle
tricarboxylic acid cycle

(biochemistry) The phenomenon whereby the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, produces ethanol in aerobic conditions at high external glucose concentrations rather than aerobically producing biomass via the tricarboxylic acid cycle as it's common in most yeasts.


Emerson effect

Named after Robert Emerson who described the effect in 1957.

(biochemistry) The increase in the rate of photosynthesis after chloroplasts are exposed to light of wavelength 680 nm (deep red spectrum) and more than 680 nm (far red spectrum).


Pasteur effect

Named after Louis Pasteur who first described the effect in 1857.

(biochemistry) The phenomenon in which the cellular presence of oxygen causes in cells a decrease in the rate of glycolysis and also a suppression of lactate accumulation.


talonic

(biochemistry) Of or relating to talonic acid.


talonic acid

(biochemistry) (2S,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid, an epimer of galactonic acid.


guanosine triphosphate

guanosine triphosphate (plural guanosine triphosphates)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A type of purine nucleoside triphosphate that is needed for the synthesis of RNA during transcription.


GTPase

guanosine triphosphate
guanosine triphosphate

guanosine diphosphate
guanosine diphosphate

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any of a large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).


guanosine diphosphate

guanosine diphosphate (plural guanosine diphosphates)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) An ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine; the product of dephosphorylation (via hydrolysis) of GTP by a GTPase.

guanosine diphosphate

ester of pyrophosphoric acid with guanosine


protogen

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-protogen.wav

It is also said that in plants of the turnip tribe a substance occurs of the same complicated composition as the protogen of the brain, and that these elements split up naturally, in the same mauner as they do when decomposed artificially, and in both cases phosphoric acid, sugar, and nitrogenous substances like neurin and oxyneurin, result from the process.

1870 November 14, “Editor's Scientific Record”, in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, volume 42, Harper & Brothers, page 629:

In each case a factor was found to be required which was not one of the known coenzymes. These factors were known variously as pyruvate oxidation factor, protogen, and thioctic acid or a-lipoic acid, but by 1952 it was evident that they were one and the same compound.

1961, Michael Wells Neil, Basic Biochemistry, Lippincott, page 47:

It was suggested by Granick (1961) that in animal mitochondria Proto was probably formed from protoporphyrinogen (Protogen) (VIII; Fig. 1) by an enzymatic oxidation that involves the removal of six hydrogens from the Protogen ring.

1982, Constantin A. Rebeiz and June Lascelles, “Biosynthesis of Pigments in Plants and Bacteria”, in Govindjee, editor, Energy Conversion by Plants and Bacteria^(https://www.life.illinois.edu/govindjee/Electronic%20Publications/Books/Photosynthesis%20(1982).pdf), volume 1, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 750:

Peroxidizing compounds inhibit the protoporphyrinogen oxidase in the bio-synthetic pathway (protox, EC 1.3.3.4) which oxidizes protoporphyrinogen (protogen; Matringe and Scalla 1988; Matringe et al. 1989). The protogen precursors uro- and coproporphyrinogen are not oxidized (Duke et al. 1994).

2012, Ko Wakabayashi, Peter Böger, “General Physiological Characteristics and Mode of Action of Peroxidizing Herbicides”, in Ko Wakabayashi, Peter Böger, editor, Peroxidizing Herbicides, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 174:

(biochemistry) Short for protoporphyrinogen.


prostatic acid phosphatase

prostatic acid phosphatase (usually uncountable, plural prostatic acid phosphatases)

(biochemistry, oncology) An enzyme produced by the prostate, which may be found in increased amounts in men who have prostate cancer or other diseases.


DDTase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that can extract hydrogen chloride from DDT.


dehydrohalogenase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that can remove hydrogen halogenide from a molecule, usually meaning DDTase.


wheldone

Coined by biochemists Sonja L. Knowles et al. in 2020, in honor of British motor racing driver Dan Wheldon.

coinage

(biochemistry) A fungal metabolite isolated from the coculture of Aspergillus fischeri and Xylaria flabelliformis, displaying cytotoxic activity against breast, melanoma, and ovarian cancer cell lines.


conicotine

(medicine, biochemistry) The metabolic product of nicotine that is detectable in serum, formed when nicotine decomposes in the liver.


phosphylation

en-noun

phosphylation (countable and uncountable, plural phosphylations)

(biochemistry) a generic term for both phosphorylation by phosphate esters and phosphonylation by phosphonate or phosphinate esters.


extrinsic protein

extrinsic protein (plural extrinsic proteins)

peripheral membrane protein
peripheral membrane protein#English

(biochemistry) Synonym of peripheral membrane protein


Pcr

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of phosphocreatine.


antiaccelerator

(biochemistry) A substance having an antagonistic effect against an accelerator.