primigravida

en-noun

primigravida (plural primigravidas or primigravidae or (archaic) primigravidæ)

primigravidas (plural)
primigravidae (plural)
primigravidæ (archaic plural)

/ˌpɹaɪmɪˈɡɹævɪdə/

/ˌpɹaɪməˈɡɹævɪdə/

From Latin prīmus (“first”) (modelled after primipara) + Medieval Latin gravida (“pregnant woman”), feminine singular of Latin gravidus (“pregnant, gravid”), from gravō (“to burden, weigh down; to make pregnant”) + -idus (adjective-forming suffix meaning “tending to”).

der

[...] [Friedrich] Schatz advises all pregnant women, especially primigravidæ, to consult a physician during the last portion of their pregnancy, and ascertain from him the position of the child, and the necessity, if present, of altering it before labor sets in.

1874 February, “The Conversion of a Facial into a Vertex Presentation by External Manipulation only. By Friedrich Schatz, Rostock. (Archiv für Gynäkologie, v. 2. 1873.)”, in B. F. Dawson, editor, The American Journal of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, volume VI, number 4, New York, N.Y.: William Wood & Co., publishers, […]; London: John Churchill’s Sons, […], →OCLC, page 659:

In connection with the case, I should like to remind you of the fact that extra-uterine pregnancy occurs more frequently in multigravidae than in primigravidae. This has an important bearing on the etiology of ectopic gestation.

1906 February 12, George Gellhorn, “The Diagnosis of Tubal Pregnancy before Rupture”, in Albert E. Taussig, A. S. Bleyer, editors, Quarterly Bulletin: Medical Department of Washington University, volume IV, number 3, St. Louis, Mo.: [Medical Department of Washington University] office of publication, 1806 Locust Street, […], published March 1906, →OCLC, page 167:

The overwhelming majority of primigravidas seen at the clinic are in their middle teens. All but two of these primigravidas were pregnant before their eighteenth birthday. Of thirty-eight primigravidas interviewed none had completed high school; and of these, the ones that were married had husbands who were engaged in low-skill, manual, low-paying occupations.

1975, María-Luisa Urdaneta, “Fertility and the ‘Pill’ in a Texas Barrio”, in Stanley R. Ingman, Anthony E. Thomas, editors, Topias and Utopias in Health: Policy Studies (World Anthropology), The Hague, Paris: Mouton Publishers, →ISBN, page 75:

In the second stage [of labour] for a primigravida, Caesarean section is the method of choice; with a multigravida, a vaginal delivery should be attempted.

1978, Lance Townsend, “Caesarean Section: The Types of Operation”, in Obstetrics for Students, 3rd edition, Melbourne, Vic., Sydney, N.S.W.: The Macmillan Company of Australia, →DOI, →ISBN, page 566:

Primigravidas who find themselves pregnant before they are ready may be more amenable to acceptance if social and financial circumstances are deemed adequate. Multiparas, on the other hand, who feel they have more children than they want may not be abl to overcome feelings of rejection.

1984, Regina P. Lederman, “Anxiety and Conflict in Pregnancy: Relationship to Maternal Health Status”, in Harriet H[elen] Werley, Joyce J. Fitzpatrick, editors, Annual Review of Nursing Research, volume 2, New York, N.Y.: Springer Publishing Company, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, part I (Research on Nursing Practice), page 35:

In the primigravida, particularly the heifer and bitch, it is often found that the cause of the dystocia is relatively simple, such as a slight fetomaternal disproportion, and the application of a little assistance is all that is required.

2009, David Noakes, “The Approach to an Obstetric Case”, in David E. Noakes, Timothy J. Parkinson, Gary C. W. England, editors, Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, 9th edition, Edinburgh, London: Saunders Elsevier, →ISBN, pages 223–224:

A 24-year-old primigravida presents for routine ultrasound at 20 weeks gestation. Based on the ultrasound findings, the patient is diagnosed with twin boys.

2012, Karen M. Schneider, Stephen K. Patrick, “Maternal–Fetal Physiology and Placentation”, in Obstetrics and Gynecology: PreTest™ Self-assessment and Review (PreTest), 13th edition, McGraw-Hill Medical, →ISBN, page 39:

(obstetrics, veterinary medicine) A woman or female animal who is pregnant for the first time, or who has been pregnant once.

primigràvida

woman who is pregnant for the first time, or who has been pregnant once


pyomyositis

(pathology) A bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles which results in a pus-filled abscess.


acanthokeratodermia

From Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “bear's foot (plant)”) + κέρας (kéras, “horn”) + δέρμα (dérma, “skin”)

(pathology) A thickening of the horny portion of the skin on the hand palms and soles of the feet.


acanthosis nigricans

/ˈnɪɡ.ɹɪˌkænz/

Via Latin ultimately from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos, “thorny flower”) + -ωσις (-ōsis, “state, abnormal condition, or action”) + Latin nigricans (“blackish”).

(pathology) A skin sign often associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes exhibiting velvety, thickened, and darkened skin and skin tags, often occurring in skin folds and the axillae.


acanthoma adenoides cysticum

en-noun

acanthoma adenoides cysticum (uncountable)

From acanth- + -oma (“tumor consisting of a specified cell”) + from Ancient Greek ἀδενοειδής (adenoeidḗs, “glandular”), from ἀδήν (adḗn, “gland”) + Latin cystis (“cyst”).

bor

(pathology) A cystic tumor that is hereditary and occurs on the chest and face among other regions.


anisomelia

From an- + iso- + Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos, “limb”).

af

(pathology) Inequality between paired limbs.


axonopathy

(pathology) A disorder or disruption of the functioning of the axons


arteriopathy

(pathology) Any disease of the arteries.


scleroderm

Ancient Greek σκληρόδερμος (sklēródermos, “with hard skin”); by surface analysis, sclero- + -derm.

uder

σκληρόδερμος

(pathology) Alternative form of scleroderma.


caecitis

cæcitis (alternative)
cecitis (alternative)


cecitis

(pathology, US) Alternative form of caecitis.


white rust

(phytopathology) A disease of some plants caused by the pathogen Albugo candida


endectocide

Blend of endoparasite + ectoparasite + -cide

blend

(veterinary medicine) An antiparasitic drug that is active both against endoparasites and against ectoparasites.


cadmiuria

(pathology) The presence of cadmium salts in the urine


calciuria

(pathology) The presence of calcium salts in the urine (especially at an elevated level)


tubulopathy

(pathology) Any disease of the renal tubules of the nephron


chrysiasis

(pathology) A pigmentation of the skin following contact with gold salts


soft chancre

(pathology) chancroid (sexually transmitted disease)


dermatographia

(pathology) A skin disorder in which the skin becomes raised and inflamed when stroked, scratched or rubbed.


dermatographism

(pathology) dermatographia (skin disorder)


dermographism

en-noun

dermographism (usually uncountable, plural dermographisms)

(pathology) Synonym of dermatographia (“skin disorder”).


Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (countable and uncountable, plural Ehlers-Danlos syndromes)

Named after two doctors, Edvard Ehlers and Henri-Alexandre Danlos, who identified the syndrome at the turn of the 20th century.

(medicine, pathology) Any of a group of inherited connective tissue disorders caused by a defect in the synthesis of collagen, and resulting in abnormally elastic skin, joints, muscles, etc.

埃勒斯-當洛綜合徵 /埃勒斯-当洛综合征

inherited disorder caused by a defect in the synthesis of collagen


porphyrinuria

(pathology) The presence of porphyrins in the urine


interstitial nephritis

interstitial nephritis (plural interstitial nephritides)

(pathology) a kidney disorder in which the interstitial spaces between the kidney tubules become inflamed


lipomeria

(pathology) Congenital absence of a limb


epidermolysis

(pathology) A connective tissue disease.


pavemented

(pathology) Having undergone the process of pavementing.


-exia

From Ancient Greek ἕξις (héxis, “possession, condition”), from ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”).

der

-hexia (alternative)
-exis (alternative)
-hexis (alternative)

(pathology) Forms the names of functional diseases or of conditions such as pyrexia or cachexia.


Mallory-Weiss syndrome

The condition was first described in 1929 by G. Kenneth Mallory and Soma Weiss.

(gastroenterology, pathology) Gastoesophageal laceration, with bleeding from tears in the mucosa at the junction of the stomach and esophagus, sometimes caused by severe alcoholism.


haemolacria

From Ancient Greek αἱμο- (haimo-) (from αἷμα (haîma, “blood”)) + Latin lacrima (“tear”).

(pathology) The shedding of tears containing blood


fibrocaseous

(pathology) Having fibrous, cheesy tissue


strongyloidiasis

en-noun

strongyloidiasis (countable and uncountable, plural strongyloidiases)

In the AIDS era, the severe infestation of S. stercoralis, hyperinfection or disseminated strongyloidiasis, becomes an important superimposed infection [38].

2006, Viroj Wiwanitkit, Tropical Anemia, page 53:

The global prevalence of strongyloidiasis is unclear and varies between 30 million and 100 million people infected [3].

2011, Jean-François Timsit, Jean-Paul Brion, Hervé Pelloux, “Parasitic Lung Infections”, in Elie Azoulay, editor, Pulmonary Involvement in Patients with Hematological Malignancies, page 361:

2012, Cary Engleberg, Chapter 54: Intestinal Heminths, N. Cary Engleberg, Victor DiRita, Terence S. Dermody, Schaechter's Mechanisms of Microbial Disease, 5th Edition, page 537,
As a result, strongyloidiasis can produce acute clinical syndromes (such as peritonitis) or mimic chronic abdominal problems such as peptic ulcer or gallbladder disease.

(medicine, pathology) infection by roundworms of the superfamily Strongyloidea


ipsilesional

(pathology, medicine) On the same side as a lesion.


AFM

AFM (countable and uncountable, plural AFMs)

(atomic force microscopy): → French: AFM

(atomic force microscope): → French: AFM

acute flaccid myelitis
acute flaccid myelitis#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of acute flaccid myelitis.


autoinoculation

autoinoculation (countable and uncountable, plural autoinoculations)

(pathology) The spread of a disease to another part of the body via inoculation


autographism

(dated, pathology) A skin condition in which wheals can be raised on the skin by tracing over it


hypoadiponectinemia

hypoadiponectinemia (usually uncountable, plural hypoadiponectinemias)

hypoadiponectinemias (plural)
hypoadiponectinaemia (alternative)

(pathology) A reduced level of adiponectin in the bloodstream, especially as a risk-factor in diabetes


adiponectinemia

(pathology) The (normal) presence of adiponectin in the bloodstream

adiponectinemia

the presence of adiponectin in the bloodstream


nasal polyp

(pathology) A growth in the nose commonly connected with allergic rhinitis, but not directly caused by it, arising mainly from the mucous membranes and paranasal sinuses.


normoalbuminuria

(pathology) The presence of the normal amount of albumen in the urine


topographagnosia

(cognitive neuroscience, pathology) The inability to orient oneself in one's surroundings as a result of focal brain damage.

топографагнозия

the inability to orient in the surrounding


areflexic

(pathology) Exhibiting, or relating to, areflexia.


interferonopathy

(pathology) A disorder associated with an upregulation of interferon.


nodding disease

(medicine, pathology) A poorly understood disease of Africa, characterized by stunted growth and a nodding seizure when eating or feeling cold.


endocrinopathy

endocrinopathy (countable and uncountable, plural endocrinopathies)

(pathology) Any disease of the endocrine system.


Pfeiffer's disease

Named after the German balneologist and pediatrician Emil Pfeiffer, who described the disease.


GVHD

Post-BMT, her body would show signs of GVHD, which is graft-versus-host disease; the new marrow tries to reject the body it occupies. Her mouth would be assaulted by radiation before the transplant.

2005, Donald Hall, The Best Day the Worst Day: Life with Jane Kenyon, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN, page 121:

graft-versus-host disease
graft-versus-host disease#English

(pathology) Initialism of graft-versus-host disease.


auto-brewery syndrome

(pathology) A condition in which the contents of the sufferer’s stomach ferment, creating alcohol. A urinary analogue exists, whereby high urinary glucose may ferment within the bladder.


hypocellular

en-adj

hypocellular (comparative more hypocellular, superlative most hypocellular)

more hypocellular (comparative)
most hypocellular (superlative)

(pathology) Containing fewer cells than normal or expected.

hypocelulární

containing fewer cells than normal or expected


normocellular

A high-quality core biopsy specimen of adequate size is also necessary to rule out the possibility of a sampling bias, in which the hypercellular area may be only focal while the remainder of the marrow is in fact normocellular or hypocellular.

2012, Eric D. Hsi, Hematopathology, page 542:

(pathology) Containing a normal number of cells; neither hypocellular nor hypercellular.


keratocyst

(pathology) An odontogenic cyst composed of keratinized squamous epithelial tissue


acromicria

(pathology) hypoplasia of the limbs, and often digits, nose, and jaw


hyperparasitemia

(pathology) The presence of very many parasites in the blood


adenomegaly

en-noun

adenomegaly (countable and uncountable, plural adenomegalies)

(pathology) The enlargement of a gland, especially those of the neck


apareunia

apareunia (usually uncountable, plural apareunias)

(pathology) The inability to perform sexual intercourse as a result of a physical or psychological sexual dysfunction.


asynergia

asynergia (countable and uncountable, plural asynergias)

(pathology) A lack of muscular coordination


audiopathy

(pathology) Any disease that affects the auditory system.


NAFLD

Altogether about a third of us are thought to have early stages of NAFLD.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 176:

MAFLD

metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease

(pathology) Initialism of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of disorders characterized by predominantly macrovesicular hepatic steatosis occurring in individuals in the absence of significant alcohol consumption.

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

ɣviʒlis araalḳoholuri cximovani daavadeba

ღვიძლის არაალკოჰოლური ცხიმოვანი დაავადება

niealkoholowa stłuszczeniowa choroba wątroby


aortalgia

(pathology) pain caused by an aneurysm or similar condition of the aorta


Broca's aphasia

(medicine, pathology) A disorder where a sufferer is unable to use fluent grammar when speaking or writing, and utterances are almost always ungrammatical.

Broca se afasie

a disorder where a suffer is unable to use fluent grammar


ash dieback

Ash dieback is a major concern. Only ten years after its identification in the UK, the risks posed by dead and diseased trees is rising, says NR. In 2020, ash dieback was present in 73% of ash trees in England, 92% in Wales, and 21% in Scotland, with a rapid increase in tree mortality rates over the next six years expected.

2023 August 9, Mel Holley, “Network News: Scotland's £4.2bn plan to ensure network stability”, in RAIL, number 989, page 24:

(phytopathology) Dieback of ash trees caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus.


hepatocarcinogen

(pathology) Any hepatocarcinogenic substance


DR

(pathology) Initialism of drug-resistant (used to refer to strains of tuberculosis).


neurophysiopathology

(pathology) physiopathology of the nervous system


dysmotility

dysmotility (countable and uncountable, plural dysmotilities)

(pathology) Abnormal motility, especially of the muscles in the gastrointestinal tract


sclerodactyly

(pathology) A localized thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers or toes


diabetogenicity

(pathology) The condition, or extent, of being diabetogenic


hyperosmolality

hyperosmolalities (plural)
hyper-osmolality (alternative)

(pathology) An unusually high osmolality, especially in any bodily fluid


spondyloarthritis

spondyloarthritis (countable and uncountable, plural spondyloarthritides)

spondyloarthritides (plural)
spondylarthritis (alternative)

From spondylo- + arthritis or spondylo- + arthr- + -itis.

(pathology) Spondyloarthropathy that involves inflammation.


neurolipidosis

central nervous system
central nervous system

(pathology) Any of a group of lysosomal storage diseases in which lipids accumulate in the central nervous system


subfulminant

(pathology) Having a less than sudden onset


osteodysplasia

osteodysplasia (countable and uncountable, plural osteodysplasias)

(pathology) Any abnormal development of bone


hypobetalipoproteinemia

hypobetalipoproteinemia (countable and uncountable, plural hypobetalipoproteinemias)

low-density lipoprotein
low-density lipoprotein

(pathology) A low level of betalipoprotein (low-density lipoprotein) in the bloodstream.


scotodinia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σκοτοδινία (skotodinía), from σκότος (skótos, “darkness”) + δίνη (dínē, “whirling”). Equivalent to scoto- + dino- + -ia.

(pathology) A form of vertigo involving sudden dizziness, headache, and blurred vision


menoxenia

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-menoxenia.wav

From meno- (“month, menstrual”) + Ancient Greek ξένος (xénos, “strange”) + -ia.


hyperleptinemia

(pathology) The presence of a higher than normal amount of leptins in the bloodstream


leptinemia

(pathology) The presence of leptins in the bloodstream


pathomechanics

(pathology, anatomy) The mechanics of misplaced or damaged bones, tendons etc, especially of misaligned vertebrae


cardioembolism

(pathology) An embolism of cardiac origin


anatomopathological

(anatomy, pathology) Relating to both anatomy and pathology


hyperlacticaemia

(pathology) The presence of an excessive amount of lactic acid in the bloodstream


tumoristatic

(pathology) That halts the development of a tumour.


vitreomacular adhesion

en-noun

vitreomacular adhesion (plural vitreomacular adhesions)

(pathology) A condition in which the vitreous humour adheres to the retina


fibroatheroma

fibroatheroma (plural fibroatheromas or fibroatheromata)

fibroatheromas (plural)
fibroatheromata (plural)

(pathology) An atheroma that has a fibrous structure


microinflammation

microinflammation (countable and uncountable, plural microinflammations)

(pathology, physiology) Normal, low-level, background inflammation as a response to the presence of microorganisms


geleophysic

From Ancient Greek "gelios" (happy) + "physis" (nature)

(pathology) Characterized by a round, happy-looking face


satellitosis

(pathology) An abnormal clustering of cells around another, different, one; especially a clustering of glial cells around damaged neurons


pelt rot

(veterinary medicine, obsolete) A disease affecting the hair or wool of an animal.


prophy

(informal, veterinary medicine) Cleaning and polishing of an animal's teeth.


viral load

(pathology) A measure of the severity of a viral infection based on the amount of virus in a bodily fluid.


adhesive capsulitis

(pathology) A disorder in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the glenohumeral joint of the shoulder, becomes inflamed and stiff, greatly restricting motion and causing chronic pain.


keloidosis

(pathology) The presence or occurrence of keloids.


CRE

(pathology) Initialism of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae.


aeroneurosis

A pilot who is under par physically soon becomes a prey to aeroneurosis. He will dislike to take the air and may actually fear to leave the ground.

1940 April, Stephen Bates, "Flight Surgeon," Popular Aviation, vol. 26, no. 4, p. 90 (Google preview)

By April 1943 the flight surgeons could detect a growing number of aeroneuroses among their aircrews. The strain of constant overwater flying rested particularly heavily upon the navigators, but it was severe for all air personnel.

1983, Wesley Frank Craven, James Lea Cate, editors, The Army Air Forces in World War II, Volume Four, →ISBN, page 274:

Gotch had described aeroneurosis developing in flying training and considered that it was infectious, commenting that "one pupil who has given up flying [is] followed ... by 2 or 3 more in the same week."

2006, David Gradwell, David J Rainford, editors, Ernsting's Aviation Medicine, 4th edition, →ISBN, page 740:

(aviation, medicine, pathology) A disorder afflicting pilots and members of aviation crews, characterized by exhaustion, fearfulness, and other symptoms of physical and emotional distress, associated with prolonged flying times and stressful flight conditions.


esophagopathy

esophagopathy (usually uncountable, plural esophagopathies)

(pathology) The failure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax


pseudoobstruction

pseudoobstruction (countable and uncountable, plural pseudoobstructions)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoobstruction.wav

(pathology) Any of several conditions that prevent passage through the intestines / bowels without a physical obstruction


alacrimia

(pathology) A congenital inability to produce enough tears (absence or inadequacy of tear production).


hyperheparinemia

(pathology) An elevated level of heparin in the bloodstream


heparinemia

(pathology) The presence of heparin in the bloodstream.


prepatent

(pathology) Before symptoms (especially of infection) become manifest.


angiodermatitis

(pathology) inflammation of the blood vessels of the skin

αγγειοδερματίτιδα

Inflammation of the blood vessels of the skin


pauciarticular

(pathology) That affects few joints of the body.


capture myopathy

(veterinary medicine) An often fatal stress-induced myopathy affecting captured wild animals.


placenta praevia

From Late Latin, from placenta + praevia.

1987, G. J. Kloosterman, Some Obstetric Comments on Vrouw Schrader's Notebook and Memoirs, Hilary Marland (editor), Mother and Child Were Saved: The Memoirs (1693-1740) of the Frisian Midwife Catharina Schrader, page 35,
The description of case 2980 leaves it uncertain whether this is a case of placenta praevia, but in the notebook is mentioned: "The afterbirth was in front of the child in the mouth of the womb and stuck very fast. Could not remove it completely".

A second trimester low-lying placenta which is posterior or centrally located over the os is more likely to persist as a placenta praevia at term.

2007, D. K. Dutta, Dutta's Obstetrics Haemorrhage: Made Easy, page 128:

If placenta praevia is identified, further imaging should be undertaken to ascertain the presence of placenta accreta.

2011, David Levy, “8: Obstetric Haemorrhage”, in Ian Johnston, William Harrop-Griffiths, Leslie Gemmell, editors, AAGBI Core Topics in Anaesthesia 2012, page 110:

(pathology) A complication of pregnancy in which the placenta is inserted partially or completely in the lower segment of the uterus (above the opening of the cervix).


glycolipidosis

(pathology) Any of several disorders involving glycolipid synthesis, storage, or transport


macrovesicle

(pathology) A vesicle in which a large amount of lipid has accumulated as a result of steatosis


oligosaccharidosis

(pathology) Any of several diseases characterised by increased levels of oligosaccharides in the urine


abdominal migraine

abdominal migraine (plural abdominal migraines)

(pathology) A variant of migraine in which the pain occurs in the stomach rather than the head.


kala-azar

kala-azar (usually uncountable, plural kala-azars)

kala-azars (plural)
kala azar (alternative)
kalazar (alternative)

/ˌkɑːlə əˈzɑː/

Borrowed from Hindustani کالا آزار (kālā āzār) / काला आज़ार (kālā āzār, literally “black sickness”).

A chronic disease, invariably fatal, kala azar makes its presence known by the appearance of pustulating epidermal ulcers, marasmus and enlargement of the spleen.

1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 298:

Ratanmala was afraid of these but what frightened her even more was the fever, kala azar, which had taken so many lives including that of her uncle's first born.

2011, Arupa Patangia Kalita, translated by Deepika Phukan, The Story of Felanee:

It is administered by IV infusion in the treatment of severe systemic fungal infections and kala-azars in patients refractory to or intolerant of conventional amphotericin B therapy.

2010, Mosby's Pocket Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions, 6th edition, St. Louis, MO: Mosby, →ISBN, page 68:

Visceral leishmaniasis
visceral leishmaniasis#English


black fever

* (visceral leishmaniasis): Compare kala-azar.

Visceral leishmaniasis
visceral leishmaniasis


adenomatotic

(pathology) Of or pertaining to adenomatosis.


adenotonsillitis

(pathology) Inflammation of the tonsils and adenoids.


Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Wernicke's encephalopathy
Wernicke's encephalopathy

Korsakoff's syndrome
Korsakoff's syndrome

(medicine, pathology) The combined presence of Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's syndrome.


adenomyomatosis

adenomyomatosis (countable and uncountable, plural adenomyomatoses)

(pathology) The condition of having adenomyomas.


Osler-Weber-Rendu disease

Described by Sir William Osler, Henri Jules Louis Marie Rendu, and Frederick Parkes Weber.

(pathology) Synonym of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Frederick Parkes Weber
Henri Jules Louis Marie Rendu
William Osler


favid

(pathology) An allergic reaction in the skin observed in patients who have favus, which is a type of tinea capitis.


steppage

(pathology) A high-stepping gait sometimes used to compensate for foot drop.


witch's broom

witch's broom (countable and uncountable, plural witch's brooms)

witch's brooms (plural)
witches' broom (alternative)

(phytopathology) A disease or deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, such that the natural structure of the plant is changed so that a dense mass of shoots grows from a single point.


Legionnaires' disease

From Legionnaires, members of the American Legion, who were the first described victims of the disease.

Legionnairesʼ disease has become more common than most people suppose.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 374:

(pathology) a form of severe pneumonia caused by legionella (bacteria of the genus Legionella).


vocal cord nodule

vocal cord nodule (plural vocal cord nodules)

(pathology) Symmetrical swellings on both sides of the vocal cords, caused usually by strenuous or abusive voice practices, and symptomatized by hoarseness, pain when using one's voice, vocal breaks and reduced vocal range.


rice blast

(phytopathology) A disease of rice caused by the fungus Magnaporthe grisea.


pine mouth

(pathology) A taste disturbance after eating pine nuts, causing a bitter, metallic taste.


Argyll Robertson pupil

Argyll Robertson pupil (plural Argyll Robertson pupils)

Named after Douglas Argyll Robertson (1837–1909), a Scottish ophthalmologist and surgeon, who described the condition in the mid-1860s.

(ophthalmology, pathology) A bilateral small pupil of the eye that reduces in size when the patient focuses on a near object but does not constrict when exposed to bright light. It is a sign of neurosyphilis.

segno di Argyll Robertson

a bilateral small pupil of the eye that reduces in size when the patient focuses on a near object but does not constrict when exposed to bright light. It is a sign of neurosyphilis


Adie syndrome

Named after the British neurologist William John Adie.

(pathology, neurology) A neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil that reacts slowly to light but shows a more definite response to accommodation (i.e., light-near dissociation).


lichen planus

(dermatology, pathology) A disease of the skin and/or mucous membranes, resulting in a lichenoid appearance.


black rust

(phytopathology) A disease of wheat, in which a black, moist substance is deposited in the fissures of the grain.


CLE

cutaneous lupus erythematosus
cutaneous lupus erythematosus#English

(pathology) Initialism of cutaneous lupus erythematosus.


myodystonia

(pathology) Any general disorder of muscular tone


pseudoxanthoma

pseudoxanthoma (plural pseudoxanthomas or pseudoxanthomata)

pseudoxanthomas (plural)
pseudoxanthomata (plural)

(pathology) Any of several diseases of tendons and other tissues having some characteristics of true xanthomas


zoster sine herpete

(medicine, pathology, virology) Herpes zoster in the absence of a rash.


dacryoadenitis

(pathology) inflammation of the lacrimal glands


uterus didelphys

(medicine, pathology) A uterine malformation where the uterus is present as a paired organ, as the embryogenetic fusion of the Müllerian ducts failed to occur.


dysbarism

dysbarism (countable and uncountable, plural dysbarisms)

(pathology) Any medical condition resulting from changes in ambient pressure, as for example when scuba diving


dysnomia

dysnomia (countable and uncountable, plural dysnomias)

2013, Annette Kujawski Taylor, Dysnomia, entry in Annette Kujawski Taylor (editor), Encyclopedia of Human Memory, ABC-CLIO (Greenwood), page 404,
Dysnomia is a disorder in which a person has difficulty naming people or objects. Some sources consider it a milder form of anomia, which is a type of aphasia, or disorder of language. Dysnomia seems to be more clearly memory related and specifically related to a retrieval deficit. Presented with an object, most people who suffer from dysnomia can describe the object, talk about how it can be used, and what category of objects it falls into. However, they are unable to come up with the name for it.

(medicine, pathology) Anomic aphasia, a condition affecting the memory that impairs the recall of words or names.


otomycosis

otomycosis (countable and uncountable, plural otomycoses)

/ˌəʊtəʊmɪˈkəʊsɪs/

(pathology) a fungal infection in the outer canal of the ear


capillariasis

(pathology) A disease caused by nematodes in the genus Capillaria.


choly

choly (countable and uncountable, plural cholies)


choroideremia

(pathology) An X-linked recessive retinal degenerative disease


chondroblastoma

chondroblastoma (plural chondroblastomas or chondroblastomata)

chondroblastomas (plural)
chondroblastomata (plural)

(pathology) A rare bone tumor, usually benign and slow-growing, that originates from chondroblasts


coccydynia

A five-year prospective trial involving 120 patients was undertaken to investigate the aetiology and treatment of coccydynia.

1991, “Coccydynia. Aetiology and treatment”, in The Bone & Joint Journal:

(pathology) Pain in the coccyx or its area.


cryptitis

(pathology) Inflammation of an intestinal crypt.


scleredema

scleredema (countable and uncountable, plural scleredemas)

scleredemas (plural)
scleroedema (alternative)

(pathology) A rare medical condition involving progressive thickening and hardening of the skin


SCID

SCID (countable and uncountable, plural SCIDs)

(uncountable, pathology, immunology) Initialism of severe combined immunodeficiency.


acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex

Named after French dermatologist André Bazex (1911–1988), who first described this condition as a paraneoplastic syndrome in 1965.

named-after

(pathology) A cutaneous condition characterized by psoriasiform changes of hands, feet, ears, and nose, with involvement of the nails and periungual tissues being characteristic and indistinguishable from psoriatic nails. The condition is associated with carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract.


seroma

(pathology) A pocket of clear serous fluid that sometimes develops in the body after surgery.


neuroplegic

(pathology) Exhibiting or relating to neuroplegia


tigroid

(pathology) In a pattern resembling tiger stripes.


triplopia

(pathology) An ophthalmologic or neurologic condition where one perceives three images.


GPI

general paresis of the insane
general paresis of the insane#English

(pathology) Initialism of general paresis of the insane.

general paralysis of the insane
general paralysis of the insane#English

(pathology) Initialism of general paralysis of the insane.


general paresis of the insane

en-noun

general paresis of the insane (uncountable)

general paresis (alternative)
GPI (alternative)

General paresis was described in 1822 by Antoine Laurent Bayle (1799–1858).

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 487:

(pathology) A neuropsychiatric disorder caused by late-stage syphilis, and characterized by fatigue, headaches, insomnia, personality changes, delusions, etc.

paràlisi general de la demència

neuropsychiatric disorder caused by syphilis


arteritic

We can fairly reconcile this apparent lapse by observing, that M. Nelaton confounds the arteritic form of the affection with that supervening on ossified arteries; a circumstance first noticed by Cowper, the anatomist, but denied gravely by Pott, an author who is frequently quoted as countenancing the idea.

1856, M. Nélaton, “Clinical Lectures on Surgery”, in Dublin quarterly journal of medical science, volume 22, page 167:

These arteritic lesions are not confined to the striated musculature, but occur everywhere, including the superior and inferior mesenteric arterial beds.

1965, John R. Gamble, Current concepts of clinical gastroenterology, page 119:

Arteritic and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy both manifest as sudden visual loss associated with optic disc edema.


enchondromatosis

enchondromatosis (usually uncountable, plural enchondromatoses)

(pathology) A form of osteochondrodysplasia characterized by a proliferation of enchondromas.


cutis laxa

(medicine, pathology) A group of rare connective tissue disorders in which the skin becomes inelastic and hangs loosely in folds.


pythiosis

(pathology, zoology) Infection by the mold Pythium insidiosum.


Churg-Strauss syndrome

Named after Jacob Churg and Lotte Strauss who first published on the topic in 1951.

(pathology) Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, an extremely rare autoimmune condition.


erysipeloid

erysipeloid (countable and uncountable, plural erysipeloids)

(pathology, usually uncountable) A mild cutaneous infection by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in humans that resembles erysipelas.


fecaluria

(pathology) The presence of feces in the urine.


temporomandibular joint dysfunction

temporomandibular joint dysfunction (plural temporomandibular joint dysfunctions)

temporomandibular joint dysfunctions (plural)

muscles of mastication
muscle of mastication

temporomandibular joints
temporomandibular joint

(pathology) An umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull).

Kiefergelenkserkrankung

an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joints


rhinolalia

(pathology) a nasal quality of speech from some disease or defect of the nasal passages


oligolalia

/ˌɑlɪɡoʊˈleɪliə/

/əˌlɪɡəˈleɪliə/

(pathology) a condition in which a person says, or writes, fewer words than might normally be expected, given his/her personality, education, and the specific circumstances


agitolalia

/ˌæd͡ʒɪtoʊˈleɪliə/

From Latin agitō (“I put something in motion, drive, impel”) + -lalia.

der

Anxiety group characterised by palpitation, excessive micturation, vertigo, shortness of breath, gastro-intestinal disturbances, trembling, agitolalia, etc.

1962, Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, page 521:

When he finally began to speak, his agitolalia, or habit of rapid utterance, was more pronounced.

1982 -, Jon Ewbank Manchip White, Death by Dreaming, →ISBN, page 106:

Her oral behaviour may be denoted as a word salad, automatic speaking, logorrhoea, or cluttered and excessively rapid speech with sounds omitted, distorted as in agitiolalia.

1984, István Anhalt, Alternative voices: essays on contemporary vocal and choral composition, page 37:


agitophasia

/ˌæd͡ʒɪtoʊˈfeɪʒə/

From Latin agitō (“I put something in motion, drive, impel”) + Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis, “utterance, statement, expression”) + -ia.

Thousands of persons suffer from agitophasia in some degree. This, in fact, is the most common of speech defect.

1920, “Good News for Stutterers and Other Defectives in Speech”, in American Magazine, volume 90, page 177:

(pathology) A condition characterized by abnormally rapid speech in which words, sounds, or syllables are unconsciously omitted, slurred, or distorted.


rhinolalia aperta

(pathology) a disorder that causes abnormal resonance in a human's voice due to increased airflow through the nose during speech


rhinolalia clausa

(pathology) abnormal speech attributable to nasal or nasopharyngeal obstruction


albuminosis

(archaic, pathology) A condition of the blood characterized by the presence of more than the usual amount of albumin; hyperalbuminemia.


hyperalbuminemia

(pathology) The presence of an abnormally high concentration of albumin in the blood


bundle branch block

en-noun

bundle branch block (plural bundle branch blocks)

The electrocardiogram manifests with a basic second degree conduction block, e.g. a 2:1 ratio associated with a bundle branch block pattern.

1971, Leo Schamroth, The disorders of cardiac rhythm, page 185:

(pathology) A heart condition in which the electrical impulses controlling the pace of the heart are not transmitted normally through either of the bundle branches.


creatinuria

(pathology) The presence of creatine in the urine


hot abscess

(pathology) A recently formed, inflamed abscess.


Iraqibacter

From Iraqi + -bacter. From Blend of Iraqi + translingual Acinetobacter due to the instances of infection of US military service personnel serving in Iraq by this bacteria.

blend

Iraqi bacter (alternative)
Iraqi Bacter (alternative)

Acinetobacter baumannii
Acinetobacter baumannii#English

(slang, pathology, military, US) Synonym of Acinetobacter baumannii.


hyperlordosis

(pathology) Particularly severe lordosis.


brittle bone disease

osteogenesis imperfecta
osteogenesis imperfecta#English

(pathology) Synonym of osteogenesis imperfecta.


genital herpes

(pathology) A genital infection caused by herpes simplex viruses (mostly HHV2 but also HHV1).


sigmoiditis

(pathology) inflammation of the sigmoid colon


fistulous withers

It is now generally believed that fistulous withers are the result of a germ, probably picked up from the grass, although at one time they were thought to be caused by saddle or roller pressure.

1962, Catherine Harris, “Ailments”, in Practical Pony Keeping, London; Glagsow: Blackie, →OCLC, part 2 (Care of Your Pony), page 100:

The sooner fistulous withers is treated, the more likely that a cure is effected.

1997, Tony Pavord, Marcy Pavord, “Fistulous Withers”, in The Complete Equine Veterinary Manual: A Comprehensive and Instant Guide to Equine Health, Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles, published 1998, →ISBN, part III (A–Z of Diseases), page 154, column 2:

(veterinary medicine, pathology, equestrianism) Inflammation of the serous bursa of withers in horses which bursts outside, creating a fistula.


-otic

Borrowed from French -otique, from Latin -ōticus, from Ancient Greek -ωτικός (-ōtikós), from -όω (-óō)-stem verbs + -τικός (-tikós). Equivalent to -όω (-óō) + -σις (-sis) + -ικός (-ikós).

psychosis + -otic → psychotic

(pathology) Having disease or abnormal condition.


hyperketonemia

(pathology) An abnormally high level of ketone in the blood.


hyperhemoglobinemia

(pathology) An abnormally high level of hemoglobin in the blood


hyperproinsulinemia

(pathology) An abnormally high level of proinsulin in the blood


AIP

acute intermittent porphyria
w:acute intermittent porphyria

(pathology) Initialism of acute intermittent porphyria.


PSS

post-SSRI syndrome
post-SSRI syndrome#English

(medicine, pathology) Initialism of post-SSRI syndrome.


miliary tuberculosis

en-noun

miliary tuberculosis (plural miliary tuberculoses)

(pathology) A form of tuberculosis that is characterized by a wide dissemination into the human body and by the tiny size of the lesions (1-5 mm).


fibroblastoma

fibroblastoma (plural fibroblastomas or fibroblastomata)

fibroblastomas (plural)
fibroblastomata (plural)

(pathology) Any tumour associated with a fibroblast


pyrogenicity

pyrogenicity (usually uncountable, plural pyrogenicities)

Pyrogenicity testing was developed from the rabbit test (monitoring of the temperature of three healthy rabbits for 3 h after injection of the test sample) to a more sophisticated and rapid method called the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) method.

2010, Magdy Khalil, Basic Sciences of Nuclear Medicine, page 63:

(pathology, chemistry, geology) The condition or extent of being pyrogenic.


proctosigmoiditis

(pathology) inflammation of the rectum and the sigmoid colon


Friedreich's ataxia

Named after the German physician Nikolaus Friedreich, who first described it in the 1860s.

(pathology) An inherited disease in which reduced expression of frataxin causes progressive damage to the nervous system.

ataksia Friedreich

an inherited disease that causes progressive damage to the nervous system


hyperlactatemia

(pathology) An increased level of lactate in the blood


lactatemia

(pathology) The (normal) presence of lactate in the blood.

lactatémie

the (normal) presence of lactate in the blood


pseudohypoxia

(pathology) A condition in which the symptoms of hypoxia are caused by metabolic complications, such as those associated with diabetes


Carney

* (carcinogenic disorder): Named after American pathologist John Aidan Carney

named-after

In male patients at risk for Carney complex testicular ultrasonography for the early detection of LCCSCT and associated testicular pathology is recommended.

2003, Toren Finkel, J. Silvio Gutkind, Signal Transduction and Human Disease, →ISBN, page 217:

The patient's mother has Carney syndrome, with lentigines, cardiac myxoma, fibroadenoma of the breast, and a fibroepithelial polyp of the external auditory canal.

2004, Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine:

Other diagnoses associated with catecholamine-secreting tumors that do not appear to be inherited are the Carney triad (gastric leiomyosarcoma, pulmonary chondroma, and extraadrenal catecholamine-secreting tumors), cholelithiasis, and renal artery stenosis.

2012, Henry R. Black, William Elliott, Hypertension: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease E-Book, →ISBN:

(pathology) A rare disorder characterized by increased risk of tumors, dark blotches on the skin, and endocrine overactivity.


caseous necrosis

en-noun

caseous necrosis (countable and uncountable, plural caseous necroses)

(pathology) A form of cell death in which the tissue maintains a cheese-like appearance.


asonia

From New Latin [Term?]; see a-, -sonous, -ia.


parainfluenza virus 5
parainfluenza virus 5#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of parainfluenza virus 5.


hPIV

human parainfluenza virus
human parainfluenza virus#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of human parainfluenza virus.


planectomy

(veterinary medicine) The removal of the nasal planum (the flat tip of the nose in cats and dogs).


tinea versicolor

(pathology) A skin condition of a yeast infection causing discoloured patches on the trunk and proximal extremities.


agalactorrhea

(pathology) The failure of a mother (human or otherwise) to produce sufficient milk following birth.


photic sneeze reflex

(medicine, pathology) A condition of uncontrollable sneezing in response to numerous stimuli, including bright light.


urinary tract infection

urinary tract infection (plural urinary tract infections)

urinary tract infections (plural)
UTI (abbreviation)
urinary-tract infection (alternative)

The priest proceeds to pour bowl after bowl of ceremonial water on our scalps. My makeup, hair and contact lenses stream down my cheeks. My eyes burn. I wonder if I could get a urinary tract infection this way.

2022 November 26, Virginia Feito, “Sweating Through a Honeymoon in Paradise”, in The New York Times:

(pathology) An infection that affects part of the urinary tract.


Bourbon virus

Discovered in 2014 in a case in Bourbon County, Kansas by Olga Kosoy.

On the basis of limited information for our case-patient, health care providers might consider Bourbon virus as a potential infectious etiology in patients in whom fever, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia develop without a more likely explanation and who have shown negative results for other tickborne diseases (e.g., ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, or Heartland virus disease) or have not responded to doxycycline therapy.

2015 May 7, Olga I. Kosoy, Amy J. Lambert, Dana J. Hawkinson, Daniel M. Pastula, Cynthia S. Goldsmith, D. Charles Hunt, J. Erin Staples, “Novel Thogotovirus Associated with Febrile Illness and Death, United States, 2014”, in Emerging Infectious Diseases, volume 21, number 5 (in English), pages 760–764:

Rickettsioses caused by Rickettsia parkeri or by R. assiliae or the Bourbon virus disease caused by Bourbon virus, a new virus thought to be transmitted by ticks, serve as examples.

2015 August 25, World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, volume 5, number 3:

And early last year, a new disease-causing virus, the Bourbon virus, was reported for the first time.

2016, Joy Xiaomin Su, Truth Vs Illusion: What Is Life About?:

A proportion of these viruses are zoonotic (severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in China, the Heartland virus and the Bourbon virus in the USA) but the pathogenicity of many others is poorly documented.

2016 May 7, S. Moutailler, I. Popovici, E. Devillers1, M. Vayssier-Taussat, M. Eloit, “Diversity of viruses in Ixodes ricinus, and characterization of a neurotropic strain of Eyach virus”, in New Microbes and New Infections, volume 11, pages 71–81:

(pathology, neologism) A virus believed to be in species Dhori thogotovirus in family Orthomyxoviridae, a tick-borne virus discovered in 2014 that has caused at least one fatality in an otherwise healthy man


hand, foot and mouth disease

hand, foot and mouth disease (uncountable)

hand, foot, and mouth disease (alternative)
hand-foot-and-mouth disease (alternative)
hand, foot, mouth disease (alternative)
hand-foot-mouth disease (alternative)

(pathology) An infection in humans caused by a group of enteroviruses, typically characterized by a mild fever followed by a rash of flat discoloured spots and bumps that may blister, most commonly on the hands, feet and mouth.

hand-, voet- en mondziekte

syndrome caused by contagious intestinal viruses


acoria

ACORIA (a, priv.; κορεα, to satisfy). Insatiable hunger.

1856, Richard Dennis Hoblyn, A dictionary of terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences:

By acoria is meant that condition in which there is an absence of the sensation of satiety.

1908, Sir William Osler, Modern Medicine, Its Theory and Practice:

Acoria consists in the absence of normal sense of satiety after eating, so that the patient never knows when hunger is appeased.

1913, George Roe Lockwood, Diseases of the Stomach: Including Dietetic and Medicinal Treatment, page 544:

(pathology, obsolete) Excessive eating due to a lack of the sensation of satiety.


PVS

persistent vegetative state
persistent vegetative state#English

(medicine, pathology) Abbreviation of persistent vegetative state.


PVS

Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Plummer-Vinson syndrome#English

(medicine, pathology) Abbreviation of Plummer-Vinson syndrome.


PVS

PVS (countable and uncountable, plural PVSs or PVSes)

post-viral syndrome
post-viral syndrome#English

(medicine, pathology) Abbreviation of post-viral syndrome.


lipomatosis

From lipoma (“fat tumor”) + -osis (“disease”).

af

The accompanying family trees show the occurrence of lipomatosis.

1957 November 1, John A. Shanks, “Familial Multiple Lipomatosis”, in Canadian Medical Association Journal, volume 77, page 881:

The authors report six new cases of epidural lipomatosis--a rarely described entity characterized by increased extradural fat within the spinal canal causing compression of the spinal cord and neurologic deficits.

1988 November 1, DJ Quint, “Epidural lipomatosis”, in Radiology:

(pathology) A condition in which multiple lipomas are present on the body.


livedo

(pathology) A form of skin discoloration.


livedoid

en-adj

livedoid (comparative more livedoid, superlative most livedoid)

more livedoid (comparative)
most livedoid (superlative)

(pathology) Resembling or characteristic of livedo.


allantiasis

In the first case, a child of 3 years, it was preceded a few months before by an alimentary intoxication, allantiasis; in the second case there was no history of an infectious disease.

1912, Archives of Ophthalmology, volume 41, page 303:

The cases of poisoning observed as a result of partaking of more or less tainted articles of food—sausages (botulismus and allantiasis), meat, milk, ice-cream, cheese, corned beef, etc., and with some specimens of mussels and oysters—are due to the development of ptomain products.

1924, Torald Sollmann, A Manual of Pharmacology and Its Applications to Therapeuties and Toxicology, 2nd edition, Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, page 439:

The classical reports of outbreaks of sausage poisoning in Würtemburg by Justinus Kerner (1), a Schwabian poet and physician, are believed to refer undoubtedly to the toxic syndrome of allantiasis, or botulism, as it is now called.

1928, Samuel Reed Damon, Food Infections and Food Intoxications, Baltimore, MD: The Williams & Wilkins Company, page 67:

(pathology, archaic) Food poisoning (especially botulism) as a result of eating poorly cooked sausages.

Wurstvergiftung

food poisoning as a result of eating poorly cooked sausages


allochromasia

(pathology) A change in the colour of skin or hair.


allorhythmia

/æɫloʊɻðmiːə/

(pathology) An irregular pattern of the heartbeat


Seckel syndrome

Named after Helmut Paul George Seckel (1900–1960), American physician.

(pathology) Microcephalic primordial dwarfism, a congenital nanosomic disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation and postnatal dwarfism with a small head, narrow birdlike face, and intellectual disability.


ametria

(pathology) The congenital absence of the uterus


amyelia

(pathology) The congenital lack of a spinal cord


postdrome

By analogy with syndrome and prodrome. See post-.

(pathology) The set of symptoms that persist after a condition (typically a migraine) has passed.


aMCI

amnestic mild cognitive impairment#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of amnestic mild cognitive impairment.


amnestic mild cognitive impairment

en-noun

amnestic mild cognitive impairment (plural amnestic mild cognitive impairments)

amnestic mild cognitive impairments (plural)

(pathology) A clinically recognized condition where memory impairment is greater than the expected range of impairment due to old age at the patient’s age.


anhepatia

(pathology) The total failure of liver function.


anostosis

(pathology) Failure of bone formation, or atrophy of bones


RBF

RBF (countable and uncountable, plural RBFs)

(pathology, uncountable) Abbreviation of rat-bite fever.


Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (countable and uncountable, plural Henoch-Schönlein purpuras)

(medicine, pathology) A disease of the skin and other organs, resulting in palpable purpura, often with joint and abdominal pain, and occasionally leading to kidney disease.


Marek's disease

Named after József Marek, a Hungarian veterinarian.

(veterinary medicine) A contagious viral neoplastic disease in chickens.


theinism

[…] this special form of addiction is described as theism—which word has not, of course, any connection with the similar theological term but is derived from theine, […] Perhaps a better form of the word, in order to avoid ambiguity, is theinism.

1946 January, Hubert J. Norman, “Desultory thoughts on alcohol and on drugs”, in British Journal of Inebriety, volume 43, number 2, London: Society for the Study of Inebriety, →DOI, page 50:


theaism

By surface analysis, translingual Thea (“tea”) + -ism.

surf

1895, James Wood, “A remarkable case of theaism”, in The Medical News, volume 67, number 3, Philadelphia: Lea Brothers, →OCLC, page 66:

(pathology) theism (morbid condition resulting from excessive consumption of tea)


dementia dialytica

(pathology) A progressive, usually fatal condition that occurs in some hemodialysis patients


nosema disease

en-noun

nosema disease (usually uncountable, plural nosema diseases)

nosema diseases (plural)
Nosema-disease (alternative)
Nosema disease (alternative)

1909, translingual Nosema (“a taxonomic genus within the family Nosematidae”) + disease; a calque of German Nosemaseuche, coined from Nosema + Seuche (“epidemic, pestilence”).

der

An infectious disease of some insects caused by some microsporidian parasites of the genus Nosema.

Nosema Disease of the Honeybee¶ (Microsporidiosis, or Nosemosis, of the Honeybee)¶ Nosema disease of the honeybee, Apis mellifera Linn., is caused by Nosema apis Zander, a microsporidian parasite of the intestinal epithelium of adult bees.

1949, Edward A. Steinhaus, Principles of insect pathology, New York: McGraw-Hill, →OCLC, page 602:

Nosema ceranae
Nosema ceranae#Translingual

(honey bees) An infectious disease of adult honey bees caused by microsporidian parasites, such as Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae.


enface

(pathology) Of a section of tissue: cut tangentially to an area of interest.


asialism

Where swelling is prominent, edema and a massive accumulation of lymphocytes and plasma cells compress the salivary duct, which may result in almost complete asialism.

1991, K. Graamans, Hans Van den Akker, Diagnosis of salivary gland disorders, page 151:

(pathology) Decrease or absence of salivary secretion; xerostomia.


athrepsia

From a- + Ancient Greek θρέψις (thrépsis, “nourishing”) (from τρέφω (tréphō)) + -ia.

(pathology) Profound debility of children due to lack of food and to unhygienic surroundings.


swimmer's ear

It may be caused by swimming in polluted water.


otitis externa

(pathology) An inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal, resulting in earache.


asteatosis

en-noun

asteatosis (usually uncountable, plural asteatoses)

(pathology) Persistent dry scaling of the skin due to an absence or shortage of sebum


asthenocoria

(pathology) torpidity of the pupillary light reflex


Carrion's disease

Named after Peruvian medical student Daniel Alcides Carrión (1857–1885).

(pathology) A disease resulting from Bartonella bacilliformis infection.


atelia

(pathology) incomplete development (of a body part)


autoclasis

(pathology) destruction of tissue due to internal (or immunological) processes


auxopathy

(pathology) Any disease that affects growth


heterophasia

(pathology) A form of aphasia characterized by habitual substitution of meaningless or inappropriate words for those intended.


otosclerosis

otosclerosis (countable and uncountable, plural otoscleroses)

(pathology) Sclerosis of the tissues of the labyrinth and middle ear.

otoesclerosi

sclerosis of the labyrinth and middle ear

(pathology) Loss of hearing due to injury of the auditory nerve by certain drugs and poisons, such as quinine and tobacco.

(pathology) Loss of the ability to understand the spoken word, although the sound is heard.


meralgia paraesthetica

The term "meralgia paraesthetica" combines four Greek roots to mean "thigh pain with anomalous perception".

lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

(pathology) numbness or pain in the lateral thigh caused by lesion to the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh


uraturia

(pathology) The presence of uric acid in the urine


pyrogenetic

en-adj

pyrogenetic (comparative more pyrogenetic, superlative most pyrogenetic)

more pyrogenetic (comparative)
most pyrogenetic (superlative)

(pathology, chemistry, geology) Synonym of pyrogenic.

(pathology, chemistry, geology) Synonym of pyrogenous.


nanomelia

From nano- + Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos, “limb”) + -ia.

(pathology) An extreme form of micromelia.


nanomyelia

(pathology) An extreme form of micromyelia.


micromyelia

(pathology) An abnormal shortening of the spinal cord.


oligocythemia

(pathology) A deficiency in the number of erythrocytes in the blood.


spondylalgia

From spondyl- + -algia, "vertebral pain".


spondylarthrosis

en-noun

spondylarthrosis (countable and uncountable, plural spondylarthroses)

(pathology) Synonym of spondyloarthropathy.


leproma

From New Latin leproma, equivalent to lepra (“leprosy”) + -oma (“mass or tumor related to”).

suffix

(pathology) An area of inflammation in the skin symptomatic of leprosy


nephelopia

(pathology) cloudy vision due to damage to the cornea


nephroplegia

(pathology) functional paralysis of the kidney


Liberty measles

Similarly, the term "German measles" arose from inconsistent terminology following its initial description by its German discoverers as Rötheln (red). The corresponding virus (now called rubella) has no relation to Germany, nor the actual measles virus. Despite this, the U.S. renamed the disease "liberty measles" to stoke anti-German sentiment and strengthen U.S. patriotism during World War I.

2021 May 12, Ashley Mayrianne Champagne, “Why Scientists Should Not Name Diseases Based On Location”, in American Society for Microbiology:

(obsolete, pathology, US) Synonym of German measles.


intercadence

(pathology) The occurrence of an extra beat between the two regular pulse beats; extreme dicrotism, interpolated extra-systole


gliomatosis

(pathology) Excessive development of the neuroglia, especially of the spinal cord, in certain cases of syringomyelia


oculorhinitis

(pathology) inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyelid and of the nose


odontopathy

(pathology) Any disease that affects the teeth


ophthalmospasm

(pathology) A sudden involuntary contraction of the eyeball


osteochondritis

en-noun

osteochondritis (countable and uncountable, plural osteochondritides or osteochondritises)

osteochondritides (plural)
osteochondritises (plural)

(pathology) inflammation of a bone and its cartilage


omphalitis

omphalitis (usually uncountable, plural omphalites)

(pathology) inflammation or infection of the umbilicus


onychosis

onychosis (countable and uncountable, plural onychoses)

Nevertheless pathological changes of the nail-bed play a certain role in the onychoses.

1920, Jean Darier, A Text-book of Dermatology, page 431:

(pathology) Any disease or disorder of the fingernails or toenails.


gryphosis

(pathology) An abnormal thickness and curvature


oxalemia

(pathology) The presence of oxalate in the blood


ostealgia

(pathology) Pain coming from one's bone(s).


chorioadenoma

chorioadenoma (plural chorioadenomas or chorioadenomata)

chorioadenomas (plural)
chorioadenomata (plural)


poliodystrophy

poliodystrophy (countable and uncountable, plural poliodystrophies)

(pathology) atrophy of the gray matter of the cerebrum


vitreopathy

(pathology) Any disease of the vitreous humour.


erythema nodosum

(pathology) An inflammatory condition characterised by inflammation of the fat cells under the skin, resulting in tender red nodules that are usually seen on both shins.


hypocitraturia

(pathology) A lower than normal level of citrate in the urine


citraturia

(pathology) The presence of citrate (or citric acid) in the urine


hypercitraturia

(pathology) A higher than normal level of citrate in the urine


hemoconcentration

hemoconcentration (countable and uncountable, plural hemoconcentrations)

We thus cannot exclude that the increase of follistatin immediately after the race at least in part was due to hemoconcentration.

2015 July 6, “Changes in Serum Levels of Myokines and Wnt-Antagonists after an Ultramarathon Race”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) An increase in the amount of large molecules and other solid elements in the blood, as a result of a change in water balance


angioimmunoblastic

Progression-free survival: b peripheral T-cell lymphoma, d angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and f others In B-cell lymphoma, the A-LMR has been reported to be a prognostic factor for survival in patients treated with APHSCT.

2015 July 3, Luis F. Porrata et al., “Infused autograft lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and survival in T-cell lymphoma post-autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation”, in Journal of Hematology & Oncology, volume 8, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to, or characterised by immunoblasts of lymph glands


hypochloridaemia

This results in hyponatraemia and hypochloridaemia; however, these changes were not seen in calves after experimental bladder rupture [ 31 ].

2015 July 3, Ueli Braun, Karl Nuss, “Uroperitoneum in cattle: Ultrasonographic findings, diagnosis and treatment”, in Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, volume 57, →DOI:

(pathology) Lower than normal amount of chloride in the blood


chloridaemia

(pathology) The presence of chloride in the blood


panplegia

Necrotic tissue and/or epidural abscess compressing the spinal cord, if not treated, can be complicated by paraplegia or even panplegia.

2015 July 2, Hao Zeng et al., “Comparison of three surgical approaches for cervicothoracic spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective case–control study”, in Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, volume 10, →DOI:

(pathology) paralysis of all four extremities


polymenorrhagia

After 3 years of embolisation, the patient started having chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea and polymenorrhagia along with inability to conceive.

2013 July 4, Nilanchali Singh et al., “Xanthomatous oophoritis following uterine artery embolisation: successful conservative surgical management with favourable outcome”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:

(pathology) A shortening of the menstrual cycle (more frequent periods)


rhombencephalitis

All experiments were carried out at least in triplicate and included L. innocua (negative control) and an internal control strain (L104, from bovine rhombencephalitis, MLVA complex A) for normalization.

2015 July 3, Claudia Guldimann et al., “Increased spread and replication efficiency of Listeria monocytogenes in organotypic brain-slices is related to multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) complex”, in BMC Microbiology, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the hindbrain, especially of the brainstem


athyreosis

/eɪˌθaɪɹiˈəʊsɪs/

Next, we searched for patients with congenital hypothyroidism due to athyreosis or severe thyroid hypoplasia (designated as ‘A/Hypoplasia’).

2015 July 8, Yuji Oto et al., “The ratio of serum free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine in children: a retrospective database survey of healthy short individuals and patients with severe thyroid hypoplasia or central hypothyroidism”, in Thyroid Research, volume 8, →DOI:

(medicine, pathology) Absence or complete dysfunction of the thyroid gland.


TBI

traumatic brain injury
traumatic brain injury#English

(pathology) Initialism of traumatic brain injury.


broncholith

(pathology) calcified or ossified material within the lumen of the bronchus


fibroinflammatory

The tricuspid valve was also involved with fibroinflammatory debris consistent with endocarditis.

2015 June 3, Shahzad Khan et al., “A Complicated Case of Triple Valve Infective Endocarditis in an IV Drug User with a Bicuspid Aortic Valve Requiring Three Separate Salvage Operations: A Case Report and Literature Review”, in Case Reports in Cardiology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammatory and fibrosclerosing


fibrosclerosing

(pathology) Giving rise to fibrosclerosis


fibrosclerosis

(pathology) The formation of fibrous lesions


hydroureteronephrosis

hydroureteronephrosis (countable and uncountable, plural hydroureteronephroses)

Ultrasonography showed bilateral hydroureteronephrosis with distended, thick walled bladder.

2015 June 3, Shashi Verma et al., “Megalourethra with Y-Type Duplication of Urethra Presented as Perianal Fistula: A Rare Case Report”, in Case Reports in Urology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) distension of the kidneys and ureter


hyperlymphocytosis

Peripheral blood monuclear cells (PBMC) PH961 were from a patient under the epidemiological control of the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, with a typical acute ATL form characterized by a high level of circulating leukemic cells, very high hyperlymphocytosis with lymphocyte count of 400 000 lymphocytes/mm 3 .

2015 July 4, Goutham U Raval et al., “Localization, quantification and interaction with host factors of endogenous HTLV-1 HBZ protein in infected cells and ATL”, in Retrovirology, volume 12, →DOI:

(pathology) An excessive quantity of lymphocytes in the blood.


megalourethra

To the best of our knowledge, this may be the first case report of megalourethra with IIA2 “Y-type” urethral duplication in which laser OIU, reduction urethroplasty, and excision of accessory urethra were done in a single stage.

(pathology) A form of uropathy characterized by severe dilatation of the penile urethra


meningiomatosis

A possible application may be found in diffuse meningiomatosis but further confirmations are needed.

2015 June 3, Giulia Cossu et al., “The Role of Mifepristone in Meningiomas Management: A Systematic Review of the Literature”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) A condition characterized by the presence of multiple meningiomas


microgliopathy

microgliopathy (countable and uncountable, plural microgliopathies)

Mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor have recently been identified to be the cause of this microgliopathy.

2015 July 4, Marie Meyer-Ohlendorf et al., “Comprehensive diagnostics in a case of hereditary diffuse leukodystrophy with spheroids”, in BMC Neurology, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) Any pathological condition of the microglia


opsoclonus

From Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps, “eye”) + clonus.

The syndrome manifests itself as opsoclonus, myoclonic jerks, ataxia, and/or encephalopathy.

2015 May 12, Ory Wiesel et al., “Ataxia induced by a thymic neuroblastoma in the elderly patient”, in World Journal of Surgical Oncology, volume 13, →DOI:

(pathology) Rapid, uncontrolled eye movement


pseudobulbar

Examination at age 52 demonstrated a pseudobulbar affect.

2015 July 4, John L. Robinson et al., “Common neuropathological features underlie distinct clinical presentations in three siblings with hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids caused by CSF1R p.Arg782His”, in Acta Neuropathologica Communications, volume 3, →DOI:

(pathology) That is similar to effects related to the brainstem.


ramularia

/ˌɹæm.jʊˈlɛəɹi.ə/

/ˌɹæm.jəˈlɛɹi.ə/

" For instance, breeding barley that resists ramularia, a disease that emerged in 1998, "will take at least 10 years.

2009 January 23, Sara Coelho, “AGRICULTURE: European Pesticide Rules Promote Resistance, Researchers Warn”, in Science, volume 323, number 5913, →DOI:

(phytopathology) A disease of barley, more fully ramularia leaf spot, caused by fungi of the genus Ramularia


cyclitis

IOP may reach 40 mmHg or more, and spontaneous remission usually occurs; (3) mild cyclitis: a few white KPs accumulating in the lower half of the cornea, and minimal flare and/or a few inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber; (4) open iridocorneal angle without peripheral anterior synechia; (5) a slight decrease in vision, no visual field defect and normal optic disc at the early stage.

2015 July 11, “Human Leukocyte Antigens-B and -C Loci Associated with Posner-Schlossman Syndrome in a Southern Chinese Population”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the ciliary body


exsiccosis

Additionally, two distinct absorption bands at 944 and 1180 nm were also filtered in order to minimize superficial overheating and exsiccosis.

2015 July 11, “Antimicrobial Photoinactivation Using Visible Light Plus Water-Filtered Infrared-A (VIS + wIRA) Alters In Situ Oral Biofilms”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) bodily dehydration due to insufficient intake of fluids


cyclitic membrane

cyclitic membrane (plural cyclitic membranes)

(pathology) A membrane that develops across the back of the lens of the eye as a result of inflammation


oncometabolite

Due to this pleiotropic function for dysregulating biological events, 2-HG is regarded as an oncometabolite that exerts tumor-inducing actions, and searches for IDH gene mutations have been performed in various types of malignancies [1 ,2 ].

2015 July 11, “Mutant IDH1 Dysregulates the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Association with Gene-Specific Histone Modifications to Cartilage- and Bone-Related Genes”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry, pathology) Any metabolite that is associated with a cancer


pseudoptosis

The differential diagnosis of blepharoptosis was made with particular attention to pseudoptosis associated with eyebrow ptosis and dermatochalasis.

2015 July 11, “Obesity as a Potential Risk Factor for Blepharoptosis: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

levator palpebrae superioris
levator palpebrae superioris

(pathology) A ptosis-like presentation with intact levator palpebrae superioris function.


plegia

plegia (countable and uncountable, plural plegias)

Diagnoses such as drug abuse, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, depression/anxiety/psychosis, dementia, diabetes, malignancy or tumor, plegia, and renal disease increased the risk of not being treated.

2015 July 14, “Correlates of Initiation of Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in United States Veterans, 2004–2009”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


arrhythmogenesis

The proband’s sister also carried this duplication, but had never presented signs of arrhythmogenesis.

2015 July 15, “Comprehensive Genetic Characterization of a Spanish Brugada Syndrome Cohort”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The development or onset of arrhythmia


arrhythmogenicity

Almost half of the patients had experienced symptoms, including 2 SCD and 4 aborted SCD. Patients who had not previously experienced any signs of arrhythmogenicity despite having a BrS ECG were considered asymptomatic.

(pathology) The condition of being arrhythmogenic


epicarditis

Mild to severe endo-and myocarditis was accompanied by a similar degree of epicarditis.

2015 July 16, “First Description of a New Disease in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)) Similar to Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI) and Detection of a Gene Sequence Related to Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the epicardium


leptospiremia

The lack of agreement between molecular testing and single-specimen MAT likely resulted from the clearance of leptospiremia coinciding with the appearance of agglutinating antibodies in serum during the immune phase of illness [2 ,3 ,22 ].

2015 July 16, “Reverse-Transcriptase PCR Detection of Leptospira : Absence of Agreement with Single-Specimen Microscopic Agglutination Testing”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of leptospirae in the blood


macrosteatosis

These include: the use of marginal donors, an ill-defined group comprised of donors over the age of 60; donors with greater than 30% hypernatremia or macrosteatosis; donors with positive serologies for the hepatitis C or hepatitis B virus; donors with a cold ischemia time of greater than 12 hours; non-heart-beating donors; and grafts from split-livers or living-related donors.

2015 July 16, “Future Economics of Liver Transplantation: A 20-Year Cost Modeling Forecast and the Prospect of Bioengineering Autologous Liver Grafts”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


mycobacteremia

mycobacteremia (countable and uncountable, plural mycobacteremias)

The lack of an association with particular strain lineages suggests that host factors predominate in the breakdown towards mycobacteremia.

2015 July 16, “High Genotypic Discordance of Concurrent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Sputum and Blood of HIV-Infected Individuals”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of mycobacteria in the blood


vasoregression

Of note, the relationship between BMI and DR only exists in the diabetic vasoregression stage (any retinopathy), but not in more severe stages (i.e. increased permeability (DME) or angiogenesis (PDR)).

2015 July 16, “Risk Factors for Retinopathy and DME in Type 2 Diabetes—Results from the German/Austrian DPV Database”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


dysglobulinemia

dysglobulinemia (countable and uncountable, plural dysglobulinemias)

The recorded causes of kidney disease were as follows: diabetic nephropathy (in 21% of the patients), nephroangiosclerosis and glomerulonephritis (18%), interstitial nephropathy (7%), hypertensive nephropathy (5%), polykystosis (5%) and other recorded diagnoses (hereditary disease, solitary kidney, dysglobulinemia, and systemic disease) (22%).

2015 July 17, “The Addition of Vascular Calcification Scores to Traditional Risk Factors Improves Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any of several disorders of blood globulins.


polycholia

(pathology) An excessive secretion of bile


asthenoteratozoospermia

Infertility was caused by fallopian tube dysfunction and/or male-related factors (a diagnosis of asthenozoospermia and/or asthenoteratozoospermia or azoospermia according to the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen).

2015 July 25, “Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization among Chinese Infertile Couples Treated for Syphilis Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A condition in which the motility and morphology of the sperm are both abnormal.


monoblepsis

(pathology) A defect of vision that is evident only if both eyes are open


glomerulonephropathy

Samples from 102 adult Dogue de Bordeaux dogs (47 non-proteinuric [urine protein-to-creatinine ratio≤0.2], 20 borderline-proteinuric [0.2 0.5]) were used, of which 2 were suffering from familial glomerulonephropathy.

2015 July 17, “Characterization of Proteinuria in Dogue de Bordeaux Dogs, a Breed Predisposed to a Familial Glomerulonephropathy: A Retrospective Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease of the renal glomeruli


nephroangiosclerosis

(pathology) sclerosis of the renal arterioles


hyperadrenergic

In light of the hyperadrenergic state that has been described after severe head injury, we hypothesized that labetalol would preserve intestinal homeostasis by preventing increased intestinal permeability after TBI. Materials and Methods Animals and TBI Model The study protocol was approved by the Fudan University, Ministry of Science Animal Ethics Committee.

2015 July 18, “Labetalol Prevents Intestinal Dysfunction Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


rickettsemia

Indeed, we tested this hypothesis recently by examining two of these mutant clones; Ech_0379 and Ech_0660, and the study suggested that the attenuated mutants are useful in reducing the rickettsemia when challenged with wild-type infections [19 ].

2015 July 18, “Mutations in Ehrlichia chaffeensis Causing Polar Effects in Gene Expression and Differential Host Specificities”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of rickettsia bacteria in the blood


aceruloplasminemia

Moreover MCOs play critical roles in Fe, Cu and O 2 metabolism and are directly related to a range of genetic diseases (oculocutaneous albinism, aceruloplasminemia, etc.) and health issues (atherosclerosis, control of neurotransmitters, etc.)

2015 July 22, “Bilirubin Oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria Physically Absorbed on Graphite Electrodes. Insights into the Alternative Resting Form and the Sources of Activity Loss”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The lack of ceruloplasmin in the blood; the disorder associated with it


arthrofibrosis

Diagnosis of arthrofibrosis and frozen shoulder remains difficult and the self-reported data included pain, as well as stiffness.

2015 July 22, “Joint Stiffness Is Heritable and Associated with Fibrotic Conditions and Joint Replacement”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The formation of fibrous tissue within a joint

artrofibrose

the formation of fibrous tissue within a joint


hypercortisolemia

(pathology) The presence of an elevated amount of cortisol (hydrocortisone) in the blood


arteriolopathy

arteriolopathy (countable and uncountable, plural arteriolopathies)

Improvements in the focal oxygen supply by HBO ameliorated calcific uremic arteriolopathy in high-altitude areas.

2015 June 15, Hai-tao Zhu et al., “Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ameliorates acute brain injury after porcine intracerebral hemorrhage at high altitude”, in Critical Care, volume 19, →DOI:


storiform

en-adj

storiform (comparative more storiform, superlative most storiform)

more storiform (comparative)
most storiform (superlative)

(pathology) Cells arranged in a woven pattern


myelinophagia

In addition, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of a sciatic nerve of a dog suffering from degenerative neuropathy of unknown origin, characterized by multifocal spheroid formation, dilatation of myelin sheaths and myelinophagia was included to compare the Schwann cell phenotypes in injured peripheral nerve and brain.

2015 July 22, “Contribution of Schwann Cells to Remyelination in a Naturally Occurring Canine Model of CNS Neuroinflammation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Destruction of myelin (as if eaten away).


monokidney

Special medical care and education should be afforded to living kidney donors and people with congenital monokidney, especially in pregnancy and other high-output situations like in patients with hyperthyroidism and arteriovenous fistula to avoid/correct volume overload conditions and to attenuate the negative consequences of volume overload in this special population.

2015 August 8, “Aggravated Cardiac Remodeling post Aortocaval Fistula in Unilateral Nephrectomized Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The condition of having a single kidney instead of the usual two.


peritonism

On arrival she was afebrile but tachycardic, with local peritonism in the left renal angle and left iliac fossa despite large amounts of opioid analgesia.

2015 May 7, E. Maughan et al., “Endovascular management of renal artery aneurysm rupture in pregnancy – A case report”, in International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, volume 12, →DOI:

(pathology) Any condition having the symptoms of peritonitis but without the inflammation of the peritoneum.


chromaturia

The most common AE was chromaturia (in 32 subjects), a known effect associated with rifampin treatment.

2015 June 12, Jeanne Mendell et al., “The Effect of Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Edoxaban in Healthy Adults”, in Clinical Drug Investigation, volume 35, →DOI:

(pathology) Any abnormal colouration of the urine


lipohyperplasia

en-noun

lipohyperplasia (usually uncountable, plural lipohyperplasias)

The patient underwent limited right hemicolectomy, and histology confirmed ileocecal lipohyperplasia.

2013 July 8, Hytham K S Hamid et al., “Ileocecal lipohyperplasia presenting as a chronic sideropenic anaemia”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:

(pathology) hyperplasia involving lipocytes


macrohematuria

Five datasets, all owned by the authors of the manuscript, consisting of 939 patients obtained from different populations of patients who had either presented with macrohematuria at their primary diagnosis (Datasets 1–3) or for surveillance for UC recurrence (Datasets 4 and 5) were available for the study (Table 1).

2015 May 12, Vivienne Breen et al., “A holistic comparative analysis of diagnostic tests for urothelial carcinoma: a study of Cxbladder Detect, UroVysion® FISH, NMP22® and cytology based on imputation of multiple datasets”, in BMC Medical Research Methodology, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) hematuria in which the blood is clearly visible


cheilognathouranoschisis

cheilognathouranoschisis (usually uncountable, plural cheilognathouranoschises)

From cheilo- + gnatho- + urano- + schisis.

The criteria for inclusion in the patient group were: […] Craniofacial anomalies or syndromes, or any form of cheilognathouranoschisis

2015 July 9, Andreas F. Hellak et al., “Influence of maxillary advancement surgery on skeletal and soft-tissue changes in the nose — a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study”, in Head & Face Medicine, volume 11, →DOI:

(pathology) A cleavage of the lip, alveolar ridge and palate


immunosenescent

Restoration of response to vaccination in immunosenescent aged mice by CASAC likely reflects the benefits of multiple TLR triggering on DC function [ 14, 24, 25 ] and provision of IFN-γ could substitute for lack of IFN-γ from CD8+ memory cells during the early phase of immune response.

2015 June 25, Gee Jun Tye et al., “The combined molecular adjuvant CASAC enhances the CD8+ T cell response to a tumor-associated self-antigen in aged, immunosenescent mice”, in Immunity & Ageing : I & A, volume 12, →DOI:

(immunology, pathology) Affected with immunosenescence


pneumopathy

The case reported here illustrates two rare causes of CVT observed in the same patient: the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies associated with an asymptomatic cryptogenic organising pneumopathy (COP) which were considered the origin of the venous cerebral thrombosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) which was responsible for the worsening of the thrombosis observed a few days after the introduction of treatment.

2013 July 9, J Hsieh et al., “Cerebral venous thrombosis due to cryptogenic organising pneumopathy with antiphospholipid syndrome worsened by heparin-induced thrombocytopenia”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:


cacochylia

Underlying cirrhosis frequently leads to protein-calorie malnutrition commonly caused by poor appetite, cacochylia, compromised nutrient uptake, and disorders in protein synthesis.

2015 July 9, Ling Chen et al., “Efficacy and safety of oral branched-chain amino acid supplementation in patients undergoing interventions for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis”, in Nutrition Journal, volume 14, →DOI:

(pathology) Defective formation or absorption of chyle.


hemivertebra

(pathology) An abnormality in which one side of the vertebrae are deformed


oligomeganephronia

oligomeganephronia (usually uncountable, plural oligomeganephronias)

For example, oligomeganephronia, unilateral renal agenesis, renal dysplasia, reflux nephropathy, secondary to surgical or traumatic ablation, chronic allograft nephropathy, and other causes of nephron loss lead to FSGS.

2015 July 9, Ying Maggie Chen, Helen Liapis, “Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: molecular genetics and targeted therapies”, in BMC Nephrology, volume 16, →DOI:

(pathology) A kidney disease characterised by larger nephrons that are reduced in number


biliopathy

However, just when we started believing that medical management, pharmacological prophylaxis, and endoscopic procedures could reduce crowding in the pediatric surgical clinics, newer indications for surgical intervention, e.g. portal biliopathy, have emerged.

2015, Veereshwar Bhatnagar, “Surgical gastroenterology in children”, in Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, volume 20, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease or abnormality of the bile duct


craniorachischisis

Craniorachischisis is a variant of rachischisis that occurs when the entire spinal cord and brain are exposed – simultaneous complete rachischisis and anencephaly.^([Wikipedia])

Craniorachischisis and anencephaly represent the most extensive of the neural tube defects. In craniorachischisis the neural tube from the midbrain down to the upper sacral region of the spinal cord remains open (Fig. 26.1), there being no fusion of the tube.

2007, Colin Smith, “26: Malformations of the Nervous System and Hydrocephalus”, in Jean W. Keeling, T. Yee Khong, editors, Fetal and Neonatal Pathology, 4th edition, Springer, page 704:

The neural tube closure occurs around day 28 after conception; its closure failure may result in a defect that can range from anencephaly, incompatible with life, to small meningoceles.[1] The definition of neural tube defects (NTD) include anencephaly, craniorachischisis, iniencephaly, meningocele, meningomyelocele, and encephalocele, but not isolated findings of hydrocephalus or spina bifida oc[c]ulta.[1] Iniencephaly, from the ancient Greek "inion" meaning "nape of the neck", had its first report by Saint-Hilaire in 1836,[2] is characterized by a variable defect of the occipital bone, resulting in a large foramen magnum; partial or total absence of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae with irregular melting of those present, accompanied by incomplete closure of arcs and/or vertebral bodies, marked lordosis, hyperextension of the cervicothoracic spine; and a face deflected up.[3] The incidence is about 1:1000–1:2000 births,[4] then is a pretty rare NTD.

2015, Hernando R. Alvis-Miranda et al., “Iniencephaly: Case Report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:

Craniorachischisis is readily diagnosed using ultrasound. However, it can be confused with other defects involving the brain – anencephaly, acrania or amniotic band syndrome.

2020, Birth Defects Surveillance: A manual for programme managers, 2nd edition, World Health Organization, page 40:

(pathology) A lethal defect of the neural tube in which both the brain and spinal cord are left open.


dolichoectasia

dolichoectasia (countable and uncountable, plural dolichoectasias)

Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia should be considered as a differential in cases of trigeminal nerve hypoplasia and also in cases of obstructive hydrocephalus not explained by other causes.

2015, Abhishek Jha et al., “Trigeminal hypoplasia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A new entity”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:

(pathology) elongation and distension of an artery


heredodegenerative

In one of the largest series of lingual dystonia cases, Esper et al. reported that 41% of cases were secondary to medications, 18% heredodegenerative and post encephalitic, 12% generalized dystonia and 29% focal primary lingual dystonia. Similarly, tremor of the tongue can be caused by parkinsonism, alcoholism and thyrotoxicosis.

2015, Neera Choudhary et al., “Isolated lingual involvement in Wilson's disease”, in Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, volume 6, →DOI:

(pathology) Both hereditary and degenerative.


myeloradiculopathy

Neurological examination revealed upper thoracic myeloradiculopathy probably of neoplastic origin with sensory localization to D5 spinal level.

2015, Sudhansu Sekhar Mishra et al., “Isolated thoracic (D5) intramedullary epidermoid cyst without spinal dysraphism: A rare case report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:

(pathology) disease of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots


neuroophthalmological

A visual field test through white-on-white automated perimetry is a widely used technique and is a useful tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of several ocular disorders, such as glaucoma and neuroophthalmological diseases [ 9, 10 ].

2015 June 8, Jose Javier Garcia-Medina et al., “Does Posterior Capsule Opacification Affect the Results of Diagnostic Technologies to Evaluate the Retina and the Optic Disc?”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to the neuropathology of the eye


occipitalgia

From occipit- (“of or relating to the occiput”) + -algia (“pain”).

af

Two patients presented with occipitalgia, two patients presented with torticollis and three patients developed neurologic signs.

2015 June 18, Osamu Sasaki et al., “Tumoral calcinosis involving the cervical spine”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:


periarteritis

Further, we did not observe necrotic granuloma or vasculitis, thereby, differed from Wegener's granuloma and periarteritis nodosa.

2015 June 18, Hidenori Yokoi et al., “An Inflammatory Pseudotumor Arising from Pterygopalatine Fossa with Invasion to the Maxillary Sinus and Orbital Cavity”, in Case Reports in Otolaryngology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the tissues surrounding an artery


reticulosis

en-noun

reticulosis (countable and uncountable, plural reticuloses)

In the case of nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, which frequently occurs in the nasal sinuses, prominent polymorphous proliferation of lymphocytes is present, and that is evident by its former name, polymorphic reticulosis.

(pathology) An abnormal increase in reticuloendothelial and related cells


collagenopathy

collagenopathy (countable and uncountable, plural collagenopathies)

(pathology) Any disease or disorder that affects the collagen of connective tissue


hysteromyoma

hysteromyoma (plural hysteromyomas or hysteromyomata)

hysteromyomas (plural)
hysteromyomata (plural)

All patients underwent fresh ET during the first cycle and did not receive any medication for 3 months prior to IVF/ICSI. Patients were excluded if they had hysteromyoma, adenomyosis, ovarian tumor, endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disease, adrenal disease, diabetes, or a chromosomal aberration(determined by karyotype).

2015 July 25, “Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization among Chinese Infertile Couples Treated for Syphilis Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


dermopathy

dermopathy (countable and uncountable, plural dermopathies)

D-Penicillamine-induced degenerative dermopathy can manifest as a combination of manifestations of skin fragility over bony prominences and pressure areas and cutis laxa-like features, as was seen in one of our case.

2015, Sujay Khandpur et al., “D-penicillamine Induced Degenerative Dermopathy”, in Indian Journal of Dermatology, volume 60, →DOI:


gametocytaemia

gametocytaemia (countable and uncountable, plural gametocytaemias)

gametocytaemias (plural)
gametocytemia (alternative)

Current trials (Table 2 ) use a full course of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (DHA-P) and a single low dose of primaquine is added to the drug combination to abort gametocytaemia as quickly as possible [ 36, 48 ].

2015 July 25, Marcel Tanner et al., “Malaria eradication and elimination: views on how to translate a vision into reality”, in BMC Medicine, volume 13, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of gametocytes in the blood


histiosarcoma

Where possible, results are presented by major STS subtypes [angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, GIST, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiosarcoma (MFH), nerve sheath tumor, sarcoma NOS].

2015 July 26, Sumitra Shantakumar et al., “Older soft tissue sarcoma patients experience increased rates of venous thromboembolic events: a retrospective cohort study of SEER-Medicare data”, in Clinical Sarcoma Research, volume 5, →DOI:


hyperinflammation

Injection of LPS, which is more likely a hyperinflammation storm rather than sepsis, and the CLP method are both the most commonly used animal models for septic AKI research.

2014 December 9, Martin A Schick et al., “Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by standardized colon ascendens stent peritonitis in rats - a simple, reproducible animal model”, in Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, volume 2, →DOI:


neuropsychic

Table 4 Biodistribution of 99m Tc-PQQ in mice (average ± SD, n = 35, %ID g −1 ) As glutamate neurotransmitter plays an important role in numerous neuropsychic disorders, the NMDAR is the target for research to develop an appropriate ligand for noninvasive imaging.

2010 October 10, Yanyan Kong et al., “Preparation of 99mTc-PQQ and preliminary biological evaluation for the NMDA receptor”, in Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, volume 287, →DOI:

(pathology) Of or pertaining to the nervous system and the mind

нервно-психи́ческий

of or pertaining to the nervous system and the mind


vasculoneuropathic

If the ischemic symptoms of PAOD are associated with neuropathy, these combined vasculoneuropathic symptoms might cause the limb symptoms to persist despite an appropriate treatment for PAOD.

2014 December 31, Young Ae Kim et al., “Prevalence and Risk Factors for the Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease”, in Vascular Specialist International, volume 30, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to vascular neuropathy


aconuresis

Other chronic diseases surveyed were assessed with the following questions “Within the last 12 months did you have allergic asthma/ other forms of asthma/ allergies/ diabetes/ cataract/ tinnitus/ hypertension/ myocardial infarction/ insult or cerebral haemorrhage/ chronic bronchitis or emphysema/ aconuresis/ cancer/ gastric or intestinal ulcer/migraine?” with the answer categories “yes” or “no”.

2015 July 29, “Associations and Synergistic Effects for Psychological Distress and Chronic Back Pain on the Utilization of Different Levels of Ambulatory Health Care. A Cross-Sectional Study from Austria”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) urinary incontinence (inability to control urination)


hemodilution

hemodilution (countable and uncountable, plural hemodilutions)

(pathology) An increase in the fluid content of blood (and thus a diminution of the number of cells).


nephronophthisis

From nephron + -o- + phthisis (“progressive wasting disease”), from Ancient Greek φθίσις (phthísis, “wasting away, perishing, decay”).

der

(pathology) A genetic disorder of the kidneys which affects children.


halo blight

(phytopathology) A bacterial disease of bean plants, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola.


early blight

(phytopathology) A disease of tomato and potato plants caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, producing distinctive bullseye-patterned leaf spots, stem lesions, fruit rot on tomato and tuber blight on potato.


red rot

(phytopathology) A disease of sugar cane caused by the fungus Glomerella tucumanensis.


dysmetabolism

(biochemistry, pathology) metabolic dysfunction


angioinvasion

In an independent sample set, lower miR-126-3p expression was observed in follicular thyroid cancers (which have capsular and angioinvasion) as compared to follicular adenomas.

2015 August 6, “miR-126-3p Inhibits Thyroid Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis, and Is Associated with Aggressive Thyroid Cancer”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Vascular invasion: Invasion (infiltration) of vessels (blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, or both), often and especially by cancer cells, either locoregionally or metastatically.


lymphadenectasis

A cow was considered to be positive in BTB (case), if it yielded positive results in one or both tests, and showed up symptoms for emaciation, cough, dyspnea, and lymphadenectasis, while it was considered negative only if it yielded negative results in both tests and without clinical symptoms.

2015 August 6, “CARD15 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Tuberculosis Susceptibility in Chinese Holstein Cows”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


perivasculitis

In contrast, meningitis was seen in two out of the three tortoises infected with TeHV3 genogroup B. Vasculitis and/or perivasculitis were observed in two out of three individuals infected with the TeHV3 genogroup B. The tortoise infected with the bona fide recombinant TeHV3 strain had inclusions in the tongue and developed pneumonia.

2015 August 6, “A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the perivascular sheath


premanifest

The premanifest stage of HD (pre-HD) [5 ] provides an unprecedented opportunity to characterize deficits and ultimately encapsulate sensitive markers of disease progression from premanifest to symptomatic stages for potential use in clinical interventions [4 ,6 ,7 ].

2015 August 7, “Characterising Upper Limb Movements in Huntington's Disease and the Impact of Restricted Visual Cues”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to the early stage of a disease, in which symptoms are not yet manifest


vestibulopathy

One of these patients was excluded due to prior sensory deficits (polyneuropathy, bilateral vestibulopathy).

2015 August 7, “Acute Unilateral Vestibular Failure Does Not Cause Spatial Hemineglect”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease that affects the vestibule of the ear


receptive aphasia

en-noun

receptive aphasia (countable and uncountable, plural receptive aphasias)

(pathology) inability to understand written, spoken, or tactile speech symbols, due to disease of the auditory and visual word centers, as in word blindness


fibrinogenemia

The preliminary results of the survey objectify the possibility that by using ALAnerv® to obtain a significant improvement of the neuromotor and sensitive/ functional outcomes and also to decrease the levels of fibrinogenemia, plasma leucocytes number and neutrophils percentage, but with no statistical significance for the ESR dynamics.

2015, I Andone et al., “Preliminary results of using ALAnerv® in subacute motor incomplete paraplegics”, in Journal of Medicine and Life, volume 8:

(pathology) The presence or level of fibrinogen in the blood.


motor aphasia

motor aphasia (countable and uncountable, plural motor aphasias)

Broca's motor speech area
Broca's motor speech area

(pathology) impairment of the ability to speak and write, due to a lesion in the insula and surrounding operculum including Broca's motor speech area. (The patient understands written and spoken words but has difficulty uttering the words.)