G1 phase

(biology, cytology) The first of four phases of the cell cycle that takes place in eukaryotic cell division.


G2 phase

(biology, cytology) The second subphase of interphase in the cell cycle directly preceding mitosis.


lepralielliform

Moreover, the lepralielliform ovicell, in which the ectooecium is entirely calcified though perforated by numerous pseudopores, precludes these species from being affiliated with taxa having a microporelliform ovicell, in which the ectooecium is uncalcified.

2015 October 22, “Diversity and Systematics of Schizomavella Species (Bryozoa: Bitectiporidae) from the Bathyal NE Atlantic”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(zoology) Having the form of a bryozoan of the superfamily Lepralielloidea.


luteolous

en-adj

luteolous (comparative more luteolous, superlative most luteolous)

more luteolous (comparative)
most luteolous (superlative)

From Latin luteolus (“yellowish”), diminutive of Latin luteus (“yellow”).


isandrous

(botany) Having the stamens similar and equal in number to the divisions of the corolla.


rhipidopterous

(zoology) Of or relating to the Rhipidoptera.


deutoplasmic

(biology) Pertaining to, or composed of, deutoplasm.


ecblastesis

From Ancient Greek ἐκβλάστησις (ekblástēsis, “budding”).

der

(botany) The production of buds within flowers.


opisthobranchism

(zoology, rare) The property of being an opisthobranch.


nitratation

en-noun

nitratation (countable and uncountable, plural nitratations)

nitrite oxidoreductase
nitrite oxidoreductase

(biochemistry) The conversion of nitrite into nitrate, typically be means of the enzyme nitrite oxidoreductase


latifolious

en-adj

latifolious (comparative more latifolious, superlative most latifolious)

more latifolious (comparative)
most latifolious (superlative)


holochoanitic

Other Early Paleozoic cephalopods have holochoanitic siphuncles

1942, Ozarkian and Canadian Cephalopods: Part III: Longicones and Summary, →ISBN:

He accepted the Plectronoceratidae as primitive, and the Ellesmeroceratidae as the derived next step, one characterized by holochoanitic structure and diaphragms, and leading to a group of endoceroids;

1964, Memoir - New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources, page 11:

However, over a short period of time (less than 10 Ma) during the late Devonian, the Clymeniida developed a dorsal (or internal) holochoanitic siphon.

2012, Raymond Enay, Palaeontology of Invertebrates, →ISBN:

(paleontology) Long, cylindrical, and reaching between adjacent septums.


organotrophy

The ability of many freshwater algae to grow under controlled laboratory conditions in the dark in the presence of a carbon source provides strong experimental evidence for the wide occurrence of organotrophy.

2005, David Sigee, Freshwater Microbiology:

(biology) The condition of an organism obtaining its energy from organic compounds.


wheel animal

(zoology) Any one of numerous species of rotifers having a ciliated disk at the anterior end.


BDNF

brain-derived neurotrophic factor
w:brain-derived neurotrophic factor

(biochemistry) Initialism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.


phenogam

phenogams (plural)
phaenogam (alternative)

From Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “I shine”) + γαμέω (gaméō, “to marry”).

(botany, now rare) Phanerogam; spermatophyte.


opisthognathous

(zoology) Having retreating jaws or teeth.


INM

(cytology) Acronym of inner nuclear membrane.


ONM

(cytology) Acronym of outer nuclear membrane.


nodiferous

nodiferous (comparative more nodiferous, superlative most nodiferous)

more nodiferous (comparative)
most nodiferous (superlative)


colporate

colporate (comparative more colporate, superlative most colporate)

more colporate (comparative)
most colporate (superlative)

From colpus + pore + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

Durio graveolens pollen is colporate

(palynology, of a pollen grain) Having apertures which combine a rounded pore and a colpus, or groove.


prosopon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “face, mask, person”).

bor+

(zoology) A variety of small-scale structures in trilobites, such as ribbing, domes, and perforations.


corculum

From Latin corculum, diminutive of cor (“heart”).

(botany, obsolete) The central part of a seed, from which the new plant develops.


detrivory

(biology) The condition of being a detrivore


eleocyte

(cytology) A coelomocyte that contains many fat globules


macrophagy

(zoology) The condition of being macrophagous.


methylmannoside

(biochemistry) Any methyl glycoside / ether of mannose


pecoran

(zoology) Any ungulate of the infraorder Pecora


sivathere

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Sivatherium</i>

The sivatheres became extinct about two million years ago, but other giraffes, including the ancestors of the living giraffe species and the okapi, thrived.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 103:

Shins coated in mud, the sivathere strides out onto more solid ground, towards the shade to browse.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherworlds, Penguin, published 2023, page 28:

(paleontology) An extinct giraffid of the genus Sivatherium.


zonotreme

(palynology) Having apertures on the equator of the grain.


bacteriocecidium

(biology) A gall produced by a bacterium


barophily

(biology) The condition of being barophilic


Signor-Lipps effect

Named after American paleontologists Philip Signor and Jere Lipps, who formally proposed it in 1982.

(paleontology) The principle that due to the incompleteness of the fossil record, the earliest and latest known occurrences of a taxon will almost never represent the ages of the actual earliest and latest organisms belonging to it.


chondriome

From chondrio- (Clipping of mitochondrion) + -ome.

af

Clipping of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">mitochondrion</i>

In one of his 1913 papers Guillermond discusses the function of the chondriome (collective term for the chondriosomes of the cell or the plant) in Fungi.

1914 April - May, F. Cavers, “Chondriosomes (Mitochondria) and their Significance”, in The New Phytologist, volume 13, number 4/5:

Several characteristics of the chondriome require investigation. What is the biological significance of base sequence homology between parts of mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) and nuclear DNA in eukaryotes?

1986, S. H Mantell, The Chondriome: chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes:

(biology) The set of intracellular organelles contained in the cytosol.


cornein

(biochemistry) A protein-like material found in corals


effoliation

(botany, rare) Alternative form of exfoliation (“the removal or fall of the leaves of a plant”).


burr cell

(biology, medicine) A red blood cell with abnormal appearance characterized by many small, evenly spaced thorny projections.


dielytra

In spring, what a place it was for wild flowers!―as Lucy Raymond and her brothers well knew, having often brought home thence great bunches of dielytras and convallarias and orchises; and at any time some bright blossoms were generally to be found gleaming through the shade.

1871, Agnes Maule Machar, Lucy Raymond Or, The Children's Watchword, page 25:

(botany) Any member of the plant genus Dielytra.


epitype

It is clear, therefore, where any epitype, selected as an interpretive type, should be sought. The selection of an epitype, in the absence of type or authentic material, would be important, for any further molecular work will need to have available a culture of the type species of the genus which has some nomenclatural standing, i.e. a culture derived from the epitype.

2000, G.-S. Seo, P. M. Kirk, “1: Ganodermataceae: Nomenclature and Classification”, in J. Flood, P. D. Bridge, M. Holderness, editors, Ganoderma Diseases of Perennial Crops, CABI Publishing, page 4:

The epitype does not displace the primary type it is to interpret, but rather supplements it.

2010, Philippe Bouchet, Ellen E. Strong, “Chapter 6: Historical Name-Bearing Types in Marine Molluscs: An Impediment to Biodiversity Studies?”, in Andrew Polaszek, editor, Systema Naturae 250: The Linnaean Ark, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 72:

In cases where a name-bearing type exists but does not show features needed for conclusive identification with a particular species circumscription, for example, one lacking spores, an interpretative type, an epitype, can be designated to supplement information evident in the name-bearing type. Epitypes are increasingly being designated in mycology today for sequenced material where DNA has not or cannot be recovered from the name-bearing type.

2016, David L. Hawksworth, “Chapter 2: Mycotoxin-Producing and Clinically Important Fungi: Their Classification and Naming”, in R. Russell M. Paterson, Nelson Lima, editors, Molecular Biology of Food and Water Borne Mycotoxigenic and Mycotic Fungi, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 9:

(taxonomy) An additional, clarifying type (specimen or illustration) of a species or lower-order taxon, provided when the holotype and paratypes from the original classification are demonstrably ambiguous or insufficient.

To test this hypothesis our discussion is focused on finding evidence for gene-specific epitypes that supports or rejects cause-and-effect relationships between genotype, epitype and phenotype.[…]The first approach (A) examines the penetrance of transgenerationally inherited epitypes that are known to activate or silence the expression of disease related gene(s), which in turn correlate with onset of the "aberrant" disease phenotypes.[…]The second and less direct approach (B) searches out epitypes that are duplicated, as DNA sequences are duplicated, and examines multiple copies of DNA sequence and epitype that have been evolutionarily co-conserved.

2013, Kasirajan Ayyanathan, Epigenetics and Pathology: Exploring Connections Between Genetic Mechanisms, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 284:

(genetics, epigenetics) An epigenetic alteration in a gene.


Mad

mothers against decapentaplegic
w:mothers against decapentaplegic

(genetics) Acronym of mothers against decapentaplegic.


nealogy

(zoology) The description of the morphological correlations of the early adolescent stages of an animal.


monorhinal

(zoology) Having a single nasal passage.


notodontiform

en-adj

notodontiform (comparative more notodontiform, superlative most notodontiform)

more notodontiform (comparative)
most notodontiform (superlative)

(zoology) Resembling a moth of the family Notodontidae.


recombineer

en-verb

recombineer (third-person singular simple present recombineers, present participle recombineering, simple past and past participle recombineered)

recombineers (present singular third-person)
recombineering (participle present)
recombineered (participle past)
recombineered (past)

(genetics, transitive) To modify by the recombineering technique.


deaf waddler

(genetics) A mutation in mice that causes hearing loss and a waddling gait.


stegognathous

From Ancient Greek στέγω (stégō) + γνάθος (gnáthos) + -ous.

(zoology) Having a jaw composed of imbricated plates.


spizelline

(zoology) Of or relating to the Spizella.


subfloral

DeCandolle (1830) divided the family into two groups based on the presence or absence of a subfloral bract or calyculus.

1961, Lake S. Gill, Frank G. Hawksworth, The Mistletoes: A Literature Review, page 3:

Gynoecial plants somewhat more robust, bracts to 1050- 1350 mu wide (leaves near gynoecia with disk often 4-5 cells high and 12 cells wide at base); bracts and subfloral leaves grading into each other, maximally variable with vigor;

1966, Candollea - Volume 21, Issue 1, page 88:

The stems in this family often bear subfloral innovations below the gametangia.

2014, Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico: Bryophyta - Part 2, →ISBN, page 191:


name-bearing type

en-noun

name-bearing type (plural name-bearing types)

A nominal species and its nominotypical subspecies have the same name-bearing type [Arts. 47a, 61b].

1995, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: Draft, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, page 72:

Lectotype designation is justified under article 74.1.1 of the ICZN (1999) in order to fix the status of this specimen as the sole name-bearing type of this species.

2000, Scientific Papers, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, page 27:

In principle, the answer should be straightforward: examine the name-bearing type, and confirm its protoconch type.

2010, Philippe Bouchet, Ellen E. Strong, “Chapter 6: Historical Name-Bearing Types in Marine Molluscs: An Impediment to Biodiversity Studies?”, in Andrew Polaszek, editor, Systema Naturae 250 - The Linnaean Ark, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 65:

Principle III: The application of names of taxa is determined by means of name-bearing types (hereafter referred to as types), although this principle does not apply to certain names at suprafamilial ranks.

2012, Bharati Bhattacharyya, “2: Plant Nomenclature: an Overview”, in Rajni Gupta, editor, Plant Taxonomy: Past, Present, and Future: Dr Prithipalsingh Festschrift, TERI, page 51:

(taxonomy, of a taxon) For a species or lower-order taxon, a type (specimen or illustration) that determines the application of the species name; for a genus, the type species; for a family, the type genus.


euryxenous

(biology, of a parasite) Having a broad range of hosts


scolopale

scolopale (plural scolopalae or scolopales)

The organ is composed of a somewhat restricted number of scolopalae, which are connected with sense cells that are also few in number.

1948, Kjell Ehnbom, Studies on the Central and Sympathetic Nervous System and Some Sense Organs in the Head of Neuropteroid Insects:

These scolopidia respond only to extreme depression of the tarsus and thus length differences of the scolopales can account for their angular sensitivity.

1976, Peter John Mill, Structure and Function of Proprioceptors in the Invertebrates, page 348:

This ciliary portion of the dendrite runs through a fluid-filled extracellular space, surrounded by the scolopale cell, and then the dendrite expands into the ciliary dilatation before entering the cap.

1989, Franz Huber, Thomas Edwin Moore, Werner Loher, Cricket Behavior and Neurobiology, →ISBN, page 400:

The side of the scolopale facing the cilium is smooth, whereas the side facing the cytoplasm of the scolopale cell is irregular. Proximal to the cilium, the scolopale divides into short columns which fit into invaginations of the dendrite.

2012, A. B. Borkovec, Edward P. Masler, Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology, →ISBN, page 434:

(entomology) A tube-like structure on the chordotonal organ of an insect.


sub-floral

In some flowers, such as Convolvulus, Anemone, &c., the exact nature of the sub-floral leaves is uncertain, 110. it is open to doubt whether the organs in question are bracts or leaves pertaining to the inflorescence, or whether they are really parts of the flower.

1869, Maxwell Tylden Masters, Vegetable Teratology:

In Malope Irifida, for example, the three parts of the epicalyx represent a sub-floral bract with its two stipules ; in Kitaibelia viti/olia, the six-parted epicalyx consists (according to Payer) of two such sub-floral leaves with their four stipules.

1882, Julius Sachs, Sydney Howard Vines, Text-book of Botany, Morphological and Physical, page 540:

Pax (1385) had considered Ascolepis as possessing a pair of sub-floral bractlets fused dorsally.

1940, Henry Weston Blaser, The Morphology of the Flowers and the Inflorescences of the Cyperaceae:

A combination of the 'agroinfection' maize streak construct and their sub-floral injection technique might enable one to take the transformation to seed.

1988, CIBA Foundation Symposium, Plant Resistance to Viruses, →ISBN, page 193:


hologamous

(biology) Relating to, or exhibiting hologamy


holomorphosis

(biology) The regeneration of a lost limb, tail or other part


holoparasitism

(biology) The condition of being holoparasitic or of being a holoparasite


leptocephalic

en-adj

leptocephalic (comparative more leptocephalic, superlative most leptocephalic)

more leptocephalic (comparative)
most leptocephalic (superlative)

(zoology) Having a narrow skull, as certain flatfishes do.


marsipobranchiate

Lampreys and hagfish are marsipobranchiate.


totipalmation

(zoology) The quality of being totipalmate.


monocotic

This phenomenon was also found in other monocotic plants, such as wheat and barley […]

2011, Parvaiz Ahmad, M.N.V. Prasad, Environmental Adaptations and Stress Tolerance of Plants in the Era of Climate Change, page 284:

(botany, rare) Of or pertaining to plants belonging to the taxonomic monocots (monocotyledons).


poriferal

(zoology) Of or relating to the phylum Porifera of sponges.


dysteleologist

(biology) An organism that frustrates a natural function, such as an insect that obtains honey by puncturing a nectary instead of by the floral opening.


scaritid

(zoology) Any of the beetles in the carabid subfamily Scaritinae, which were formerly considered to be the family Scaritidae.


macrokinesis

(biology, physiology) The relatively large-scale movement of nutrients around an organism


limnoterrestrial

(biology, ecology) Experiencing periods of immersion and of desiccation; inhabiting such an environment


suiform

suiform (comparative more suiform, superlative most suiform)

more suiform (comparative)
most suiform (superlative)

(zoology) Resembling a pig (of the family Suidae)


regmacarp

/ˈɹɛɡməkɑːp/

/ˈɹɛɡməkɑɹp/

From Ancient Greek ῥῆγμα (rhêgma, “something broken or rent asunder; a breach, cleft, fracture”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”)) + English -carp (suffix meaning ‘part of a fruit or fruiting body’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“to harvest; to pluck”)), modelled after schizocarp. The word was probably coined by the Scottish physician and botanist William Ramsay McNab (1844–1889): see the 1871 article from the journal Nature quoted below.

coinage

Taking the word Schizocarp as a type, I venture to suggest the term Achænocarp for the group of Achænes as used by Dr. [Alexander] Dickson, thus avoiding all confusion, and allowing the term Achæne to remain in its restricted sense. Regmacarp I would apply to the group of capsules, using the term capsule for one division of the group. […] The derivation of these terms at once explains their application. […] Regmacarp from regma, a rupture, in allusion to the dehiscence. […] In using these terms I would employ them in the following manner:— […] II. Dry Dehiscent Fruits. 3. Regmacarps. A. Follicle. Simple, dehisces by one suture. […]

1871 October 12, W[illiam] R[amsay] McNab, “Remarks on the Classification of Fruits”, in Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science, volume IV, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 475, column 2:

The truth is, that it is impossible to find a classification of fruits which is founded on strictly scientific principles—the forms merging into each other; […] Accordingly, in the following classification, in which we have mainly followed Dr [Maxwell Tylden] Masters, all the less easily defined forms are omitted, and the list reduced as much as possible, without at all destroying its usefulness. […] monothalmic fruits. A. Ripe pericarp uniform. […] Fruits dehiscent.—II. Pods, or Regmacarps—viz., Follicle, Legume, Siliqua, Capsule, Pyxis.

1874, Robert Brown, “The Fruit”, in A Manual of Botany: Anatomical and Physiological: For the Use of Students, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, pages 482–483:

Dr. Master's [i.e., Maxwell T. Masters'] modification of [Alexander] Dickson's and [William Ramsay] McNab's classification of simple fruits, as to primary kinds, is into 1. Nuts, or Achænocarps, dry and indehiscent; 2. Pods, or Regmacarps, dry, dehiscent; 3. Stone-fruits, or Pyrenocarps, fleshy without, indurated within, indehiscent; 4. Berries, or Sarcocarps, fleshy throughout, indehiscent.

1879, Asa Gray, “The Fruit”, in The Botanical Text-book. Part I. Structural Botany or Organography on the Basis of Morphology. […], 6th edition, London: Macmillan and Company, →OCLC, section II (The Kinds of Fruit), paragraph 555, footnote 1, page 292:

(botany, obsolete, rare) A fruit which, when mature, splits open to release its seeds; a dehiscent fruit.


mycocecidium

(biology) A gall caused by a parasitic fungus


nictitant

This position of the pyramidalis is perhaps rendered necessary by the great extent of the movement of the nictitant membrane, the tendon of which, unless curved, would be too long to be conveniently disposed of.

1852, William MacGillivray, A History of British Birds, Indigenous and Migratory:


neocyte

(biology) A cell newly released by bone marrow


oligotrichous

(biology) Relating to, or characteristic of, an oligotrich


paratomy

en-noun

paratomy (countable and uncountable, plural paratomies)

(biology) A form of asexual reproduction in which new organs develop before the organism splits


pejvakin

(biochemistry) A protein that regulates the function of hair cells


phagotrophy

(biology) The condition of being phagotrophic


photophile

(biology) Any organism that thrives in bright sunlight.


phytodiversity

phytodiversity (countable and uncountable, plural phytodiversities)

(ecology) The diversity of plant species in an area


plagiotropism

(biology) The growth of a plant at an orientation to the angle of a stimulus


potamoplankton

potamoplankton (countable and uncountable, plural potamoplanktons)


mimulus

From the genus name, translingual Mimulus.

(botany) Any of the genus Mimulus of flowering plants.


prebuccal

(anatomy, zoology) Situated in front of the mouth


oviparousness

(biology) The quality of being oviparous; oviparity.


trochiform

en-adj

trochiform (comparative more trochiform, superlative most trochiform)

more trochiform (comparative)
most trochiform (superlative)

(zoology) Shaped like a top shell (family Trochidae).


pseudoparasitism

(biology) parasitism by a pseudoparasite


tryma

From Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma, “hole”).

(botany) A drupe with fleshy exocarp, dehiscent.


prosthenic

The body of Man has retrograded also in being merosthenic in limbs, instead of prosthenic, the hinder limbs being the stronger as well as longer, and the fore limbs comparatively weak.

1896, James Dwight Dana, Manual of Geology: Treating of the Principles of the Science with Special Reference to American Geological History:

(zoology, obsolete) Having strong foreparts.


schizogamy

(biology) reproduction involving the splitting of an organism into a sexual and an asexual individual


serriform

(biology) notched, as the blade of a saw


somatogenesis

(biology) The development of an embryo into a mature organism


sudanophilic

(cytology) Exhibiting or relating to sudanophilia.


stenothermy

(biology) The condition of being stenothermal.


synanthrope

(biology) An animal that lives near, and benefits from human habitation


non-shedding

The farmer wants non-shedding heads of a cereal which can be gathered without shedding their grain.

(botany) Indehiscent, not shedding seeds or fruit.


thigmomorphogenesis

Some of these, such as thigmomorphogenesis, are quite well defined, but the basis of perception and response is poorly understood although some advances are being made at the molecular level.

1991, J. A. Callow, editor, Advances in Botanical Research, Volume 18, Academic Press, page vii:

This effect, called thigmomorphogenesis (see chap. 3), involves the motion-induced inhibition of growth. Thigmomorphogenesis can be expressed in plant organs either exhibiting or lacking secondary growth, as well as in organs that have indeterminate or determinate growth.

1992, Karl J. Niklas, Plant Biomechanics: An Engineering Approach to Plant Form and Function, University of Chicago Press, page 322:

Thigmomorphogenesis was first demonstrated by submitting plants to (artificial) mechanical bending.

2011, B. Moulia et al., “Integrative Mechanobiology of Growth and Architectural Development in Changing Mechanical Environments”, in Przemyslaw Wojtaszek, editor, Mechanical Integration of Plant Cells and Plants, Springer, page 272:

(botany) The response of a plant to touch or other mechanical sensation.


trephone

(biochemistry) Any hormone that stimulates growth and division of cultured cells


cone of confusion

en-noun

cone of confusion (plural cones of confusion)

(biology) A cone-shaped region originating midway between an organism's two ears, and radiating outwards, where a sound's location is indeterminate.


funnel trap

(ornithology, hunting) A large funnel-shaped trap constructed of netting or wire mesh and intended to trap ducks, geese, etc.


suprafamilial

A suprafamilial name revised from its previously published rank with accompanying change of termination (which may or may not be intended to signalize the change of rank) is recorded as nom. transl et correct.

1981, Raymond Cecil Moore, Curt Teichert, editors, Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, volumes 1-2, Geological Society of America, page xxiii:

In the final version of this classification (Cushman, 1948), the number of families (without any suprafamilial groupings) was 50.

2002, Barun K. Sen Gupta, “2: Systematics of modern Foraminifera”, in Barun K. Sen Gupta, editor, Modern Foraminifera, Springer (Kluwer Academic), page 11:

While the Code does not apply to taxa above the family level, Corliss (1962a) argued that it is common sense to apply these principles at the suprafamilial level, and we have followed this recommendation. When a suprafamilial taxon has been simply transferred within a higher taxon or between higher taxa, even if it has changed its rank, we have retained the priority date from the original publication along with the original authorship. This promotes stability and recognizes priority.

2010, Denis Lynn, The Ciliated Protozoa: Characterization, Classification, and Guide to the Literature, Springer, page 86:

(taxonomy) Whose taxonomic level is higher than family.


crocidurate

(zoology) Any shrew of the genus Crocidura.


malectin

endoplasmic reticulum
endoplasmic reticulum

(biochemistry) A membrane-anchored protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that recognises and binds glycans


miniexon

miniexons (plural)
mini-exon (alternative)


thyrodoxin

(biochemistry) A selenium-dependent peroxidase present in the thyroid


laminately

(zoology) In a laminate manner; with thin plates, scales, or layers.


oogenotop

Following the inclusion of vitelline cells, the oocyte then continues along the egg-forming apparatus, or oogenotop, to another chamber termed the ootype.

2014, Rafael Toledo, Digenetic Trematodes, page 14:

(zoology) The egg-forming apparatus in trematodes.


wideleaf

(botany) Having wide leaves; used in the names of plants.


pharmacophagy

(biology) The consumption of plants etc. to acquire beneficial chemicals, rather than for nutrition.


multiovulate

(botany) Containing, or bearing, many ovules.


functional necrophilia

From sexual mating with a corpse (ie. necrophilia), resulting in viable offspring (ie. functional).

(biology) A reproductive strategy in some amphibians wherein the male will inseminate a fresh newly-dead female corpse, fertilizing the still viable eggs, and then squeezing the corpse to eject the newly fertilized eggs into the water.


traumatic insemination

traumatic insemination (usually uncountable, plural traumatic inseminations)

From traumatic + insemination, because of the traumatic injury to the female.

(biology) A method of insemination in some invertebrates, whereby the male stabs the body of the female in random locations to inject the sperm, thereby causing trauma to the female.


euphorine

euphorine (countable and uncountable, plural euphorines)

Euphorines are rather unusual hymenopterans in attacking the adult stage of various insects.

1997, Robert Alan Wharton, Paul M. Marsh, Michael J. Sharkey, Manual of the New World genera of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera):

The life cycles of these euphorine parasitoids are synchronized with those of their hosts.

2001, Alfred George Wheeler, Biology of the Plant Bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae), →ISBN:

Although euphorines usually oviposit between abdominal sclerites, often near the anus, some species exhibit a well-pronounced preference for different sites such as the mouth (Wylie, 1985), whilst others are evidently more plastic in their behaviour (Wylie & Loan, 1984). It is usual for the euphorines that attack beetles to have two, or sometimes more, annual generations on a single generation of their univoltine hosts.

2012, Pierre H. Jolivet, M.L. Cox, E. Petitpierre, Novel aspects of the biology of Chrysomelidae, →ISBN, page 435:

(taxonomy, countable) A parasitic wasp of the subfamily Euphorinae (a subfamily of Braconidae), characterized by two submarginal cells in the forewing and, usually, a petiolate first gastral tergite.


embryony

embryony (countable and uncountable, plural embryonies)

Whether flowers were pollinated or not, autonomous egg and antipodal embryonies occurred at nearly equal frequencies and progressed almost synchronously for several days.

1992 March, A. Kojima, Y. Nagato, “Pseudogamous embryogenesis and the degree of parthenogenesis in Allium tuberosum”, in Sexual Plant Reproduction, volume 5, number 1:

Nucellar embryony allows citrus rootstock breeders to produce F1 hybrids that are highly heterozygous, but produce seedlings that are genetically uniform and identical to the mother tree.

2007, Iqrar A. Khan, Citrus Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, →ISBN, page 142:

Besides, according to the logic of Nogler's reasoning, the phenomenon of monozygotic cleavage embryony (formation of twins, triplets and so on), as well as of integumental embryony should be included in apomixis.

2009, T B Batygina, Embryology of Flowering Plants:

Since dermatoglyphic traits are also set in early embryony it was considered logical to look for dermatoglyphic deviations which may have occurred as a result of the rubella infection.

2012, N.M. Durham, C.C. Plato, Trends in Dermatoglyphic Research, →ISBN, page 125:

(biology) The formation of an embryo; embryogenesis.


apopetalous

(botany) Having distinct or free petals.


micropod

From New Latin Micropoda, from micro- + -poda.

(zoology, obsolete, rare) A member of the superseded taxonomic order Micropoda, which possess a diminutive foot or lack one, such as oysters.


gastraea

(biology, obsolete) A hypothetical animal form assumed by Ernst Haeckel as the ancestor of all metazoic animals.


encrinitic

(paleontology) Relating to, or containing, encrinites.


subtribus

From New Latin subtribus. By surface analysis, sub- + tribus.

Fries devided^([sic]) this tribus into two subtribus, viz. Rhodopolii and Plutei. In accordance with the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (I.C.B.N.) art. 22.4 these subtribus are to be typified with Agaricus rhodopolius and A. pluteus respectively.

It might therefore be justified to separate them from the remaining genera of the subfamily Lithosinae as a tribus with two subtribus, or as two tribus.

1965, A Revision of the West African Eilemic Moths, Based on the Male Genitalia, page 9:

The differences in the constituents in the two subtribus are not very clear.

1973, F. Bohlmann, T. Burkhardt, C. Zdero, Naturally Occurring Acetylenes, Academic Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 378:


pseudosucker

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(zoology) Any body part that is not a sucker but is used like one.


zooplanktivore

(biology) Any organism that consumes zooplankton


sebific

(entomology) relating to the fatty fluid secreted by insects from the colleterium in order to cement eggs together


amphixenosis

Several of the agents on the list are the result of human beings' sharing parasites with other species (i.e., amphixenosis) because the parasite is not that finicky about its final host. Schistosoma japonicum is a fairly straightforward case of amphixenosis; the schistosome would be just as happy in a cow or in a cat, so is Trypenosoma cruzi.

2014, Dwight D. Bowman, Georgis' Parasitology for Veterinarians, →ISBN, page 10:

The preparation and maintenance/control of the desired animals and the control of the propagation of amphixenoses derived from the animals are issues specific to these products.

2016, Mariko Morishita, Kinam Park, Biodrug Delivery Systems, →ISBN:

(biology, microbiology) A zoonosis that can be passed from humans to other species as well as being passed from another species to a human.


tmema

In the cultures of November and January the tmemata described by Correns were found on the primary protonema after about 2 months.

1952, Transactions of the British Bryological Society, volume 2, page 80:

A tmema cell, formed in the ageing chloronema of moss protonema, represents a means of propagation. It leads to the disruption of filaments into fragments.

1994, Satish C. Bhatla, Moss protonema differentiation, page 48:

(bryology) A cell ruptured in setting free a moss-gemma.


kleptopredation

(biology, ecology) A feeding strategy where a predator hunts other predators who have recently fed on prey, thus eating both the prey animal and the prey's own undigested prey/food. The predator chooses prey who have fed recently, and ignores those who have not fed recently.


rhizopodal

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the rhizopods.


amensal

From a- + mensal, from Latin mensa (“table, food”).

Descriptions of the plight of sea turtles in the modern world focus principally on sea turtle–human associations that are either predator and prey or amensal (where one associate is harmed and the other receives no effect).

2002, Peter L. Lutz, The Biology of Sea Turtles, volume 2, page 356:


leptospermum

(botany) A tea tree of the genus Leptospermum.


amnicolous

From French amnicole, from Latin amnicola + -ous.


ampelophagous

These two vectors have different lifestyles–the former strictly ampelophagous and the latter polyphagous, only occasionally feeding on grapevine – and dissimilar biological features, which may reflect diversely affiliated microbial communities.

2010, Phyllis G. Weintraub, Phytoplasmas: Genomes, Plant Hosts and Vectors, page 282:


amphihaline

(biology, of a fish) Capable of living in both fresh water and sea water; having a life cycle partly in fresh water and partly in sea water


pelorian

en-adj

pelorian (comparative more pelorian, superlative most pelorian)

more pelorian (comparative)
most pelorian (superlative)

I am indebted to a friend for the sight of a pelorian variety of a species of Tropæolum, and have also much pleasure in showing the Society an imperfectly developed pelorian variety of the pretty Pinguicula vulgaris, which I gathered on Roydon Fen, near Diss in Norfolk, in the summer of 1835.

1840, Mr. Adam White, “Note on Peloria”, in Annals of Natural History, volume 4:

In some gamopetalous corollas with a single spur, it happens occasionally, that what are called Pelorian varieties occur in which five spurs are produced.

1852, John Hutton Balfour, Class Book of Botany:

In this note the author adverted to bo much of the normal structure of Orchids in general, and of Cypripedium in particular, as is necessary for the elucidation of his subject, and proceeded to describe a case of regular peloria in Cypripedium caudatum, which shows a reversion to the typical form of Orchids, and goes to prove that the so-called genus Uropedium was only a pelorian form of Cypripedium.

1887, Report of the Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, volume 56:

(botany) Exhibiting peloria (abnormal regularity).


androdynamic

(botany) Having larger than normal stamens


anemogamy

(botany) The dispersal of pollen by the wind.


ricinuleid

A ricinuleid grabs its prey with the relatively small pincers of its pedipalps, lifts its hood, and then passes the prey to its jaws. The hood is lowered as the ricinuleid chews away.

2009, James B. Nardi, Life in the Soil: A Guide for Naturalists and Gardeners, page 113:

(zoology) Any member of the Ricinulei (hooded tickspiders).


anisotomous

From an- + isotomous or aniso- + -tomous.

The simplest leaf, as in Diellia, has a single unbranched trace, but the more fully developed early fronds are markedly anisotomous or pinnate in venation plan, with a definite central vein giving rise to two to four or more lateral veins, which arise at a very acute angle.

1952, Warren Herbert Wagner, The Fern Genus Diellia: Its Structure, Affinities and Taxonomy:

(botany) Having unequal or irregular divisions.


heterosomatous

(zoology) Belonging to the Heterosomata.


scavengerous

scavengerous (comparative more scavengerous, superlative most scavengerous)

more scavengerous (comparative)
most scavengerous (superlative)

The non-phytophagous minority of the caterpillars exemplifies three somewhat distinct food habits,- entomophagous, homophonous and scavengerous.

1939, Walter Valentine Balduf, The bionomics of entomophagous insects (part 2, page 1)

They eat not only some vegetable material in the form of algae, grasses, and some mosses, but also insects, salamanders, fishes, little molluscs, and bits of dead animal flesh which they find on the bottom. They are therefore partly scavengerous in their habits.

1954, Leon Augustus Hausman, Guide to birds and animal life, page 105:


saccopharyngiform

(ichthyology) Any fish in the order Saccopharyngiformes, the gulper eels.


motatorious

(zoology, archaic) In perpetual vibratory motion; said of the legs of some spiders and crane-flies, etc.


hymenomycetous

(mycology, obsolete) Of or relating to the Hymenomycetes, a former class of fungi within the division Basidiomycota.


arenophilic

(botany) That grows in sand (or very sandy soil).


auriculiform

(botany) obovate with rounded basal lobes

Having the form of a small ear
obovate with rounded basal lobes


memory cell

(immunology, cytology) A type of lymphocyte that is capable of responding to an antigen long after the initial exposure.


endoevaporite

(biology) An organism (typically unicellular) that lives in an evaporite


macroinvertivore

(biology) Any organism that feeds on macroinvertebrates


bathyplankton

(biology) plankton living in the bathyal zone


cycliophoran

(zoology) A member of the phylum Cycliophora, rare aquatic invertebrates living in the mouths of lobsters.


nanoaerobic

(biology) Living in environments having nanomolar concentrations of oxygen


metapneustic

(zootomy) Having the respiratory apparatus in the anus.


ovovitellin

en-noun

ovovitellin (countable and uncountable, plural ovovitellins)

(biochemistry) A form of casein found in egg yolk


phosvette

(biochemistry) Any of a class of polypeptides related to the phosvitins


calfluxin

calfluxin (countable and uncountable, plural calfluxins)

(biochemistry) A gonadotropic neuropeptide that is involved in calcium influx in some snails


phenol oxidase

(biochemistry) Alternative form of phenoloxidase.


symphynote

Possibly from Ancient Greek συμφύω (sumphúō, “grow together”) + -ote.

af

(biology) Soldered together at the hinge, like the valves of some unios.


cyclohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any hydrolase that also catalyses a cyclization


MMP

en-noun

MMP (countable and uncountable, plural MMPs)

Proteinases such as the plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are believed to play a role in these developmental changes.

2005, G. S. Gupta, Proteomics of Spermatogenesis, →ISBN, page 655:

A typical MMP consists of a propeptide of about 80 amino acids, a catalytic metalloproteinase domain of about 170 amino acids, a linker peptide of variable length (also called the hinge region), and a hemopexin (Hpx)-like domain of about 200 amino acids.

2007, Paolo Gresele, Valentin Fuster, Jose A. Lopez, Platelets in Hematologic and Cardiovascular Disorders, →ISBN:

In general, MMP expression can be downregulated through a TGF-β-inhibitory element (TIE), which is present in the promoters of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13.

2008, Sonia B. Jakowlew, Transforming Growth Factor-Beta in Cancer Therapy, Volume I, →ISBN:

(biochemistry) Initialism of matrix metalloproteinase.


placo-

From (combining form of) Ancient Greek πλάξ (pláx, “plate, tablet”).

uder

(chiefly paleontology) Provided with or relating to a flat plate or plates.


malonylesterase

(biochemistry) Any esterase that catalyses the hydrolysis of malonates


heptaose

(biochemistry) Alternative form of heptose.


hexaose

(biochemistry) Alternative form of hexose.


pentaose

(biochemistry) Alternative form of pentose.


anatropy

(botany) The condition of being anatropous


crassinucellate

The Latin word "crassi" means thick and "nucellate" refers to the nucellus of the ovule.

(botany, of an ovule) Having many parietal cells and a large nucellus


exotegmen

(botany) The part of the seed coat that develops from the outer surface of the inner integument


palisade cell

(botany) Any of a layer of elongated cells, near the surface of leaves, that have chloroplasts that absorb a major portion of the light energy used by the leaf.


postchalazal

(botany) Beyond the chalaza (in the outer integument)


testcross

testcrosses (plural)
test cross (alternative)

The inbreds of groups 3 and 4 have a distinct difference in plant height, except for a few selections, presumably because of some difference in selection pressure at low- and high-stand densities. Group means for testcross performance showed more progress in group 4 than in group 3 because of a difference in the number of low-yielding genotypes in the two groups.

1967, W. A. Russell, A. H. Teich, Selection in Zea Mays L. by Inbred Line Appearance and Testcross Performance in Low and High Plant Densities:

You could determine its genotype by performing a testcross. If the plant were homozygous (TT), a testcross would produce all tall progeny (TT × tt → all Tt); if the plant were heterozygous (Tt), half of the progeny would be tall and half would be short (Tt × tt → 1/2 Tt and 1/2 tt). When a testcross is performed, any recessive allele in the unknown genotype is expressed in the progeny, because it will be paired with a recessive allele from the homozygous recessive parent.

2012, Benjamin A. Pierce, Genetics: A Conceptual Approach, Macmillan, →ISBN, page 55:

(genetics) The breeding of an individual with a phenotypically recessive individual, in order to determine the zygosity of the former by analysing proportions of offspring phenotypes.


testcross

en-verb

testcross (third-person singular simple present testcrosses, present participle testcrossing, simple past and past participle testcrossed)

testcrosses (present singular third-person)
testcrossing (participle present)
testcrossed (participle past)
testcrossed (past)
test cross (alternative)

(genetics) To breed an individual in this manner.


cycadophytinous

(botany) Relating to, or characteristic of the cycadophytes


isotomic

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From iso- (“same”) + -tome (“cutting, section”) + -ic (“adjectival suffix”), ultimately from Ancient Greek τέμνω (témnō, “I cut”).

affix

(botany) Having branches of equal diameter.


Sibe

(birdwatching, colloquial) A Siberian crane.


phyllopodiform

en-adj

phyllopodiform (comparative more phyllopodiform, superlative most phyllopodiform)

more phyllopodiform (comparative)
most phyllopodiform (superlative)


decemlocular

(biology) Having ten cells or compartments.


woodmarch

From Middle English wodemarch, wudemerch, from Old English wudemerċe, wudumerċe, from wude, wudu (“wood”) + merċe, mereċe (a type of aquatic plant), from Proto-Germanic *marikiz (“waterplant, celery, parsley”).

inh

Let the man who hath ill humours on his neck take halswort and woodmarch and wild chervil and strawberry plants and everthroat, and garclife, and ironhard gathered without use of any iron, and stitchwort, and knee holly and broad bishopwort and brownwort, […]

1866, Thomas Oswald Cockayne, Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England:

(botany) An umbelliferous plant, a species of sanicle (Sanicula europaea).


wood-thistle

wood-thistles (plural)
woodthistle (alternative)
wood thistle (alternative)

From Middle English wodethystyll, wodþistel, from Old English wuduþistel, equivalent to wood + thistle.

Within seconds the whole lot had taken on the appearance of a woodthistle's fluffy seedhead.

2005, Paul Stewart, Chris Riddell, The Curse of the Gloamglozer, page 62:

(botany) Synonym of tall thistle (Cirsium altissimus, syn. Carduus altissimus)


melliphagoid

(ornithology) A bird of the passerine superfamily Meliphagoidea, a diverse group native to Australia and elsewhere in the South Pacific.


molendinaceous

From Latin molendīna, from molendīnum (“mill, mill-house”) + -aceous.


systylous

(botany) Having the styles united into a single body.


necrophorous

A thorough examination of the existing literature revealed that only a very few anecdotal publications exist on necrophorous feeding habits of termites.

2007, BP Freymann, “Termites of the genus Odontotermes are optionally keratophagous”, in Ecotropica, volume 13, page 143:

(zoology) Carrying away and burying dead bodies, like the beetles of the genus Necrophorus.


nyctophilic

For quotations using this term, see Citations:nyctophilic.

(rare, especially biology) (Tending to be) active at night.


alticine

(taxonomy) Relating to the Alticini tribe of flea beetles


brachelytrous

From Ancient Greek βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s) + ἔλυτρον (élutron) + -ous.

(entomology, of a beetle) That has short elytrons


brachelytry

(entomology) The condition of being brachelytrous


corotocine

(entomology) Any rove beetle of the subtribe Corotocina


egg burster

(entomology) The toothlike projection that an insect embryo uses to break the egg membrane when hatching


galerucine

(entomology) Any leaf beetle of the subfamily Galerucinae


symphile

(entomology) Any myrmecophilous insect that interacts with the host insects


synoekete

From syn- (compare symbiosis) + Ancient Greek οἰκητής (oikētḗs, “inhabitant”), from οἰκέω (oikéō).

af

(entomology) Any myrmecophilous insect that does not interact with the host insects


termitophilous

(entomology) That has a symbiotic or mutualistic relationship with termites, and typically lives in a termite nest


lophocyte

(cytology) A type of large cell found in the mesohyl of sponges which produces fibrillar collagen.


somatomammotroph

anterior pituitary gland
anterior pituitary gland

(biology) A type of cell in the anterior pituitary gland that produces both somatotropin and prolactin.


ovococcus

From ovo- + -coccus; cf. ovoid (“oval; egg-shaped”).

The architecture in Gram-positive cocci and ovococci is largely uncharacterised, In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) of purified sacculi of three species of ovococcus was combined with biochemical analysis and super resolution fluorescence microscopy.

2012, Richard Wheeler, Peptidoglycan architecture and dynamics in Gram-positive bacteria (thesis, University of Sheffield):

According to the authors of recent research from Bloomington, Indiana, “The connection between peptidoglycan remodeling and cell division is poorly understood in ellipsoid-shaped ovococcus bacteria, such as the human respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae.

2012, Streptococcal Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment, →ISBN:

This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms and regulation of peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis that result in ellipsoid-shaped, ovococcus Streptococcus cells.

2013, Mucoproteins—Advances in Research and Application, →ISBN:

(microbiology) An ellipsoid-shaped bacterium


atrypoid

(biology) relating to, or characteristic of brachiopods of the genus Atrypa.


exmedial

(botany, geology) away from the midline of the lamina


exmedially

(botany, geology) In an exmedial direction


hypomorphosis

en-noun

hypomorphosis (countable and uncountable, plural hypomorphoses)

(biology) The inhibition of differentiation in a developing embryo


microcyclicity

(mycology) The condition of being microcyclic


microcyclic

(mycology) Having a life cycle in which only teliospores and basidiospores are produced


keratinolytic

(biochemistry) Relating to keratinolysis


keratinolytic

Treatment with emollients and mild keratinolytics, such as urea cream and lactic acid lotion resulted in the soothing of the affected skin.

2016, Pollozhani Nora et al., “Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis: clue for diagnosis”, in Global Dermatology, volume 4, number 1, →DOI, page 1:


polyplicate

(biology, of spores) Having many folds in the exine.


sickle cell

(cytology) An abnormal erythrocyte (red blood cell) that has a crescent shape, characteristic of sickle-cell anemia.


haemohistioblast

haemohistioblasts (plural)
hemohistioblast (alternative)

(cytology) The presumed reticuloendothelial cell that differentiates to form all blood cells


microcinematography

Microcinematography can reveal wonders and horrors in the universe of tiny things living around us. […] The most recent natural phenomenon brought to light by microcinematography is both wonder and horror and involves one of humanity’s greatest foes: the mosquito.

2022 October 4, Oliver Whang, “‘Our Jaws Dropped’: Mosquito Larvae’s Killer Harpoon Heads Revealed.”, in The New York Times:

(biology, photography) The making of films by using a microscope, especially of biological specimens, by means of time-lapse photography


spurge-laurel

(botany) A flowering plant of species Daphne laureola.


promesonotum

(zoology) The front part of the mesonotum of ants and similar insects


abcauline

(biology, of cnidarian polyps) that extend outwards from the common stem


acrodrome

acro- + Ancient Greek δρόμος (drómos, “course”)

(botany, of the veins of a leaf) That run parallel to the edges of the leaf and meet at the tip


acrostichal

(entomology, of bristles) Situated on the mesothorax of some dipteran flies


aditicule

(zoology) The larger of the shell perforations of plaesiomyid brachiopods


epipuncta

(zoology) The smaller of the shell perforations of plaesiomyid brachiopods


acidobiont

(biology) Any organism that lives in an acidic environment


acidobiontic

(biology) Relating to, or characteristic of acidobionts


adcauline

(biology, of polyps) that bend towards a common stem


admesial

(biology) Near, or moving towards the midline


aerobiont

(biology) Any organism that needs air (oxygen) to survive


aerophilous

(biology, of unicellular organisms) Living in an aerobic environment


agamospermic

(biology) Relating to, or characteristic of agamospermy


aggenital

(biology) Positioned near, or on both sides of, the genital area.


alivincular

(biology, of bivalves) Having the longer axis transverse to the hinge line


alkalibiontic

(biology) Relating to, or characteristic of alkalibionts


alkalibiont

(biology) Any organism that lives in an alkaline environment


allogenetic

(biology) foreign (originating elsewhere)


amastigophore

(biology) Any nematocyst that does not have a tube beyond the hempe


amphidetic

From Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “around”) + δέω (déō, “tie”) + -ic.

(biology, of the ligament of some bivalves) That extends in front of, and behind, the beak


amphiequatorial

(biology) That lives on either side of the equator


amphitropical

(biology) That lives north or south of the equator, but not in the tropics


amplexoid

(biology) Relating to or characteristic of corals of the family Amplexidae.


anacline

(biology, of brachiopods) The part of a shell in which the interarea is at an angle of less than 90° to the plane of commissure


apsacline

(biology, of brachiopods) The part of a shell in which the interarea is at an angle of between 90° and 180° to the plane of commissure


anaerobiontic

(biology) That does not need air (oxygen) to survive


ancestrula

Scientific Latin, after French ancestrule, corresponding to ancestor + -ula.

(biology) The initial zooid of a bryozoan colony


aneuspory

From an- + euspory, or directly from an- + eu- + spore + -y. Compare aneuploidy.

(biology) A form of meiosis in which an unusual number of spores (or megaspores) are formed


anisomyarian

(biology, of bivalves) Having different forms of abductor muscles


anisorhiza

(biology) A form of nematocyst that is open at the tip with a slightly swollen base


anisotomic

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(biology) Having branches of unequal length


anteriad

(biology) Towards the anterior part of the body


anthocorm

(biology) Any of several pluriaxial reproductive zones postulated to have been the ancient ancestors of flowers


pluriaxial

(biology) Having flowers that develop on secondary shoots


antiaxial

(botany) In the opposite direction to the axis


aphananthy

(botany) The condition of having inconspicuous flowers


aposepalous

(botany) Having multiple, distinct sepals


apotele

(zoology) A scalloped ridge around the edge of an otolith

(acarology) The distal-most segment of a mite leg, as the pretarsus, or pedipalp, in which it may be subdistal


asthenobiosis

(biology) A form of hibernation or estivation that is not dependent on season, temperature or humidity


biotrophism

In the strobilomycetoid group, Suillus species show a high degree of selective biotrophism, some associating with single genera of the Coniferae and others with even a single species or group of closely related species.

1985, A.D.M. Rayner, R. Watling, Juliet C. Frankland, “Resource relations- an overview”, in D. Moore, L. A. Casselton, editors, Developmental Biology of Higher Fungi, page 32:

We interpret this frequently discussed occurrence as a lack of respect for the biotrophism of the femur.

2012, E. Morscher, Endoprosthetics, page 272:

The magnitude of mycorrhizae colonization depends on the biotrophism of the strain and the nutrient/fertility status of the soil.

2022, Ravindra Soni, Deep Chandra Suyal, Ajar Nath Yadav, Trends of Applied Microbiology for Sustainable Economy, page 241:

(biology) The condition of being biotrophic


brochidodromous

(botany, of a leaf) Having veins that form a series of arches or loops.


buccokinetal

(biology) Deriving from parental oral apparatus


bunolophodont

From bun- (from Ancient Greek βουνός (bounós)) + -o- + loph- + -odont.

(zoology) Having molars with transverse ridges and rounded cusps on the occlusal surface


bunoselenodont

From bun- (from Ancient Greek βουνός (bounós)) + -o- + selen- + -odont.

(zoology) Having teeth whose inner cusps have the form of blunt cones and the outer ones of longitudinal crescents


cyphonautes

From Ancient Greek κύφος (kúphos, “bent”) + ναύτης (naútēs, “sailor”).

(zoology) The larva of an ectoproct or bryozoan.


abopercular

Thin filaments (70 nm) composed of spore wall material were observed projecting from an abopercular thickening of the spore wall.

2014, Andrew D. Winters, Mohamed Faisal, “Molecular and ultrastructural characterization of Haplosporidium diporeiae n. sp., a parasite of Diporeia sp. (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) in the Laurentian Great Lakes (USA).”, in Parasites and Vectors, →DOI:

(biology, physiology, medicine, parasitology) On the opposite side from the opercular side.


camptodromous

From Ancient Greek καμπτός (kamptós, “bent”) + -dromous

(botany, of a leaf) in which the secondary veins curve toward the margins, in some cases becoming nearly parallel with them, and not reconnecting with other veins to form loops


aphananthous

en-adj

aphananthous (comparative more aphananthous, superlative most aphananthous)

more aphananthous (comparative)
most aphananthous (superlative)

From Ancient Greek ἀφανής (aphanḗs) + -anthous.


aphlebia

(botany) An imperfect or irregular leaf ending (commonly found on ferns)


bifusiform

(botany) Having the form of two fusiform structures, end to end.


brevideciduous

(botany) briefly deciduous (that loses its leaves for just a few weeks)


craspedodromous

From Ancient Greek κράσπεδον (kráspedon, “border, skirt”) + -dromous

(botany, of a leaf) Having pinnate veins in which the secondary veins terminate at the margins, often as teeth


cremnophyte

From Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “cliff”) + -phyte.

(botany) Any plant that is adapted to growing on cliffs, especially in crevices.


cristarque

(botany, of a sclereid) Having a cup-shaped deposit of druse


distyly

(botany) The condition of being distylous


endophloeodal

(botany) That grows within the endophloeum


endospory

Endospory is the complete development of, in this case, the female gametophyte within the original spore wall.

2006, Michael G. Simpson, Plant Systematics, page 99:

(botany) The production of gametophytes within a spore.


epiphloedal

(botany) That grows on the surface of bark


exospory

(botany) The production of spores that germinate to form free-living gametophytes


halonate

(botany, of a spore) Having a transparent outer layer.


isobifacial

(botany, of a leaf) Having both sides of a similar structure


longicidal

(botany) Describing dehiscence via longitudinal slits


phytomelanin

(botany) A hard, black material that forms a crust on the surface of some seeds


polystemonous

(botany) Having the number of stamens more than double that of the petals or sepals


ramicaul

(botany) A stem that bears a single leaf (as in some orchids)


semaphyll

(botany) A sepal or similar structure which has become modified to attract pollinators


semaphyllous

en-adj

semaphyllous (comparative more semaphyllous, superlative most semaphyllous)

more semaphyllous (comparative)
most semaphyllous (superlative)


cream gene

(genetics) A gene that is responsible for several pale colourations of horses


mixokinetal

(biology) Involving both somatic and oral kinetal elements


carposporangium

(biology) A sporangium (that contains carpospores) in red algae, a cluster of which forms the cystocarp


catacline

(biology, of brachiopods) The part of a shell in which the interarea is at an angle of greater than 180° to the plane of commissure


centrospermous

(botany) Relating to plants of the order Centrospermae.


centrotylote

From centro- + Ancient Greek τύλη (túlē, “hump, swelling”) + -ote.

af

(biology, of a sponge spicule) Having a central bulge


cephalized

en-adj

cephalized (comparative more cephalized, superlative most cephalized)

more cephalized (comparative)
most cephalized (superlative)


cercopoid

(biology) Relating to or characteristic of the froghoppers of the superfamily Cercopoidea.


cerithioid

(biology) Relating to, or characteristic of cerithioideans (gastropods of the superfamily Cerithioidea)


cerithioidean

(biology) Any gastropod of the superfamily Cerithioidea


chaetome

In the chaetome (setation) of Phthiracaroidea legs the number of solenidia is given in parenthesis and follows the number of simple setae […]

2003, “New species of ptyctimous oribatid mites from the Neotropical region”, in Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 49, number 49, page 261:

(biology) The bristly hairlike appendages growing from the limbs of various mite species, taken as a single bodily organ.


clevelandellid

(biology) Any ciliate of the order Clevelandellida


mucivorous

(zoology) Feeding on the juices of plants.


coenecium

(biology) A branching tubular network inhabited by colonies of pterobranches


pterobranch

en-noun

pterobranch (plural pterobranchs or pterobranches)

pterobranchs (plural)
pterobranches (plural)

(biology) Any filter feeder of the class Pterobranchia


coenenchyme

coenenchyme (countable and uncountable, plural coenenchymes)

coenenchymes (plural)
coenenchym (alternative)
cœnenchym (alternative)
coenenchyma (alternative)
cœnenchyma (alternative)
cœnenchyme (alternative)

(biology) The tissue that surrounds and links the polyps in octocorals.


collabral

(biology, of shells) Having growth lines that follow the line of the outer lip


colpodid

(biology) Any ciliate of the order Colpodida


cornalean

(biology) Any plant of the order Cornales


cosmoid

(biology, of a fish scale) Containing a layer of cosmine


crocodyline

(zoology) Any member of the subfamily Crocodylinae.


cyrtocone

(malacology) A curved (cyrtoconic) form of the young shell that succeeds the more primitive orthocone in nautiloid cephalopods.


cystophorous

(biology) That bears, or transports cysts


cystovarian

(biology, of a fish) In which the oocytes are conveyed to the exterior through the oviduct


pyrophilous

(biology) That thrive in land that has been burnt by fire


deuterocone

(zoology) The cusp of a mammalian premolar tooth.


dicliny

(botany) cross-pollination in which the flowers are either staminate (male) or pistillate (female)


dikaryophase

dikaryophase (countable and uncountable, plural dikaryophases)

(biology) The dikaryotic phase of the life cycle of some fungi


dillenialean

(botany) Relating to plants of the tropical plant order Dilleniales


dinomitosis

(biology) A form of mitosis that occurs only in dinophytes


diplobiont

(biology) Any organism in which haploid and diploid generations alternate


diplophase

diplophase (countable and uncountable, plural diplophases)

(biology) The diploid phase in the life cycle of an organism


haplophase

(biology) The haploid phase in the life cycle of an organism


stenobathic

en-adj

stenobathic (comparative more stenobathic, superlative most stenobathic)

more stenobathic (comparative)
most stenobathic (superlative)

(zoology) Able to live only within a limited range of depths of water.


diplospory

(biology) gametophytic apomixis in which the megagametophyte arises from a cell of the archesporium


diplostomatid

(biology) Any trematode of the family Diplostomatidae


diplostomid

(biology) Any trematode of the order Diplostomida


diprotodont

(biology) Any marsupial of the order Diprotodontia


disphyllid

(biology) Any flatworm of the order Diphyllidea


dissepimentarium

(biology) The part of the inside of a corallite that is composed of dissepiments


dissoconch

en-noun

dissoconch (plural dissoconchs or dissoconches)

dissoconchs (plural)
dissoconches (plural)

(biology) The shell of a bivalve mollusk veliger


prodissoconch

prodissoconch (plural prodissoconchs or prodissoconches)

prodissoconchs (plural)
prodissoconches (plural)

(biology) The embryonic shell of the larva of a bivalve mollusc.


dyscritellid

(biology) Any bryozoan of the genus Dyscritella


dysodont

(biology, of bivalve molluscs) Having simple teeth that are situated very close to the dorsal margins of the valves


elateriform

(biology) Having the form of the larvae of Elateridae


elattostasis

From the Attic variant of Ancient Greek ἐλάσσων (elássōn, “less”) + -stasis.

af

(biology) The absence of mouthparts, and thus the inability to feed, in some larvae


ellipsocone

(biology) Intermediate in shape between sphaerocone and platycone


ellisellid

(biology) Any soft coral of the family Ellisellidae


elopiform

(biology) Any fish of the order Elopiformes.


elopocephalan

(biology) Any fish of the unranked taxon Elopocephala


elopoid

(biology) Any fish of the suborder Elopoidei.


embryophore

(biology) The outer cellular covering of the hexacanth embryo of a tapeworm that forms the inner part of the eggshell


acropleurogenous

(botany, of a fungus) Having spores that develop at the ends of the hyphae


acrosyndesis

(genetics) The pairing of homologous telomeres during meiosis


deltidiodont

The orthide billingsellaceans with their strophic hinge lines, deltidiodont dentition and invariably calcareous shells, comprise two families which, although morphologically similar, have a fundamentally different style of shell secretion, reflected in their various descendants.

1979, Michael Robert House, The Origin of Major Invertebrate Groups, page 235:

The deltidiodont morphology did not survive the end-Permian extinctions; the modern articulated brachiopod fauna is dominated by cyrtomatodonts with crurae and loops.

2001, David Harper, Rong Jia-Yu, “Palaeozoic brachiopod extinctions, survival and recovery”, in Geological Journal, volume 36, page 317:

(zoology, of hinge teeth) Simple in shape, not interlocking with the dental socket.


deltidiodont

(zoology) A simple hinge tooth on the shell of a brachiopod.


cyrtomatodont

See cyrto- / κυρτός (kurtós), -odont / ὀδούς (odoús).

(zoology, of hinge teeth) Hook-shaped, interlocking.


cyrtomatodont

(zoology) A knob- or hook-shaped hinge tooth on the shell of a brachiopod.


antialexin

(biochemistry) Any material that counteracts the action of an alexin


antibiont

(biology) Any organism that produces antibiotics or participates in antibiosis


leukoprotease

leukoproteases (plural)
leucoprotease (alternative)


acylamidase

en-noun

acylamidase (countable and uncountable, plural acylamidases)


adansonian

(biology, of a classification) That gives equal weight to every character of an organism


adenosinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of adenosine


adrenolytic

(biochemistry) That inhibits the production or function of adrenaline


aerenchymous

(biology) Having unusually large cells and thus air spaces


agamogony

(biology) schizogony, or any other form of asexual reproduction


aleuronate

(biochemistry) A protein found in the endosperm of cereal grain; a flour composed of this protein, and very little starch, used to make food for diabetics


algodystrophy

complex regional pain syndrome
complex regional pain syndrome#English

(biology, medicine) Synonym of complex regional pain syndrome.


alkyldihydroxyacetone

alkyldihydroxyacetone (countable and uncountable, plural alkyldihydroxyacetones)

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any alkyl derivative of dihydroxyacetone, especially one that is part of the biosynthesis of plasmalogens


allelism

allelism (countable and uncountable, plural allelisms)

(genetics) The existence of two or more alleles of a gene


allelomorphism

(genetics) A phenotype associated with a specific allele


nephrozoan

nephrozoan (plural nephrozoa or nephrozoans)

From translingual Nephrozoa + -an. By surface analysis, nephro- + -zoan.

(zoology) A member of the clade Nephrozoa, which includes all deuterostomes and protostomes.


allonomous

(biology) Controlled by an external stimulus


allophenic

(genetics) composed of cells from two or more genetically different embryos


retrofracted

en-adj

retrofracted (comparative more retrofracted, superlative most retrofracted)

more retrofracted (comparative)
most retrofracted (superlative)


amebula

en-noun

amebula (plural amebulas or amebulae or amebulæ)

amebulas (plural)
amebulae (plural)
amebulæ (plural)
amoebula (alternative)
amœbula (alternative)

The adult stage is realised by the formation of a plasmodium which begins early in life to form spores. There are never any flagellated stages in this group, but always amoebulæ.

1915, Annual Report and Transactions, Manchester: Manchester Microscopical Society, page 82:

He saw the swarm-cells swim with a peculiar dancing motion, divide, withdraw the organ of locomotion called the flagellum, and then creep about as amoebulæ. Although he did not actually note the union of the amoebulæ, he inferred that the young plasmodia seen in his cultures arose from their fusion.

1928 December, H. J. Howard, “President's Address”, in Transactions of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society, volume XII, Norwich, Norfolk: A. E. Soman & Co., Ltd., part IV, page 504:

After the lapse of a varying period of time (a week, more or less) subsequent to the changing of the pH, a search with the No. 7 objective water immersion lens will reveal large numbers of hatching spores, and creeping amoebulæ of various ages.

1962 October 20, Monica Taylor, “Abnormal Crystals in Amoeba lescherae”, in Nature, volume 196, number 4851, Nature Portfolio, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 290, column 2:

(biology) A small amoeba (or an organism which resembles one).


ameiosis

(biology) The absence of pairing of chromosomes during meiosis


BLAST

An acronym of Basic Local Alignment Search Tool.

(biology) An algorithm which compares similarities between sequences of nucleotides in nucleic acids or of amino acids in proteins.


BLAST

en-verb

BLAST (third-person singular simple present BLASTs, present participle BLASTing, simple past and past participle BLASTed)

BLASTs (present singular third-person)
BLASTing (participle present)
BLASTed (participle past)
BLASTed (past)

This program is also capable of BLASTing sequencing results and works with most automated sequencing formats, alleviating the need for conversion of PC-based files.

2006, Guy Caldwell, Shelli Williams, Kim Caldwell, Integrated Genomics: A Discovery-Based Laboratory Course, page 85:

(biology, informal, transitive) Alternative letter-case form of blast (to run a sequence through BLAST)


ctene

From the stem of Ancient Greek κτείς (kteís, “comb”).

(zoology) A band of fused cilia on the bodies of ctenophores, used for locomotion.


ameristic

(biology) Lacking a meristem and thus undifferentiated


amidinohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an amidine


amphitrophic

(biology, of an organism) That lives via photosynthesis in the light and via chemotrophy in the dark


pycnogonoid

(zoology) Any member of the Pycnogonida; a sea spider.


amylodextrin

en-noun

amylodextrin (countable and uncountable, plural amylodextrins)

(biochemistry) A high-molecular-weight form of dextrin.


anchorin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of collagen-binding proteins related to annexin


coloenteric

From colo- + enteric or colo- + enter- + -ic.

(biology, medicine) Synonym of enterocolic.


enterocolic

enterocolic fistulas

(biology, medicine) Relating to the small intestine and the colon, usually with reference to a fistula therebetween.


anhydroleucovorin

(biochemistry) An intermediate, 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate, in the interconversion of glycine and serine that is catalysed by folic acid


apiculum

(botany) A short, slender, flexible point


deutomerite

(arachnology) The fixed segment of the grasping part of chelicerae.


contact call

(ornithology) A call made between birds in a flock or a pair in order to maintain contact with one another when foraging, flying, etc.


arabinofuranosyluracil

(biochemistry) A pyrimidine nucleoside formed in the body by the deamination of cytarabine


arabinonucleoside

(biochemistry) Any nucleoside in which the sugar is arabinose


arabinonucleotide

(biochemistry) Any nucleotide in which the sugar is arabinose


arabinopyranosyl

(biochemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical derived from an arabinopyranose


arabinosyladenine

(biochemistry) A nucleoside that is an arabinosyl derivative of adenine


TRH

T. R. H. (alternative)
T.R.H. (alternative)

thyrotropin-releasing hormone
thyrotropin-releasing hormone#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.


SRH

somatotropin-releasing hormone
somatotropin-releasing hormone#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of somatotropin-releasing hormone.


GHRH

(biochemistry) Initialism of growth hormone-releasing hormone.


aurovertin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of proteins that inhibits respiration


autodiploid

(genetics) diploid as a result of duplication of a haploid set of chromosomes


autodiploidy

(genetics) The condition of being autodiploid


autoerythrocyte

(cytology) An organism's own erythrocyte


autohexaploid

(genetics) hexaploid as a result of multiplication of a haploid set of chromosomes


autopentaploid

(genetics) pentaploid as a result of multiplication of a haploid set of chromosomes


autotriploid

(genetics) triploid as a result of multiplication of a haploid set of chromosomes


autoreproduction

autoreproduction (countable and uncountable, plural autoreproductions)

(biology) The ability of a gene, virus, or nucleoprotein molecule to replicate itself


avenacinase

(biochemistry) A saponin-detoxifying enzyme present in fungi of the genus Gaeumannomyces


proteide

Generally speaking it is found that the most carefully purified enzyme preparations give the reactions of proteins, and for a long time the view was prevalent that enzymes belonged to the class of nucleo-proteides (p. 421). It is certain, however, that many enzymes are known which are not nucleo-proteides, and some, such as the vegetable oxidases, seem to contain scarcely any nitrogen.

1909, Julius Berend Cohen, Organic chemistry for advanced students, page 342:

Nitrogen can be a component of proteins, proteides and non-protein nitrogen. Protein consists of only polypeptides while proteides are composed of at least one protein and another compound which is a non-protein, e.g. phospho-proteides = protein + phosphoric acid.

2012, J.W. Hertrampf, Handbook on Ingredients for Aquaculture Feeds, page 10:

They are polypeptide, protein, or proteide-type compounds, containing only common amino acids, or in the proteide type such additional constituents as are otherwise present in natural proteins. The term “proteide” refers to the substances which contain (covalently or in any other way linked) other constituents such as lipoids, sugars, nucleic acid-type compounds, chromophores, etc.

1980, János Bérdy, Peptolide and Macromolecular Antibiotics, page 205:

(biochemistry) A compound consisting of a protein bound to another non-protein molecule.


azoprotein

(biochemistry) Any protein, coupled with another material via a diazo linkage, that is used in immunochemical procedures


eremurus

(botany) Any of the plants of the genus Eremurus.


asplenium

A genericization of translingual Asplenium (“the spleenworts”), from Linnaeus's New Latin adjustment of Latin asplenon (“spleenwort”), from Ancient Greek ἄσπληνον (ásplēnon, “spleenwort”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + σπλήν (splḗn, “spleen”) + -ον (-on, “-um”), from its use to cure anthrax in livestock.

der

(botany) Synonym of spleenwort: any plant of the genus Asplenium.


bacteriocinogen

(cytology) A bacterial plasmid that directs the synthesis of bacteriocins


rhinocerotiform

en-adj

rhinocerotiform (comparative more rhinocerotiform, superlative most rhinocerotiform)

more rhinocerotiform (comparative)
most rhinocerotiform (superlative)

(zoology, rare) Shaped like (that of) a rhinoceros.


barotolerant

(biology) That can tolerate great pressures


opisthodont

(zoology) A reptile from the genus Opisthodontia


endomixis

en-noun

endomixis (usually uncountable, plural endomixes)

From endo- + Ancient Greek μίξις (míxis). Compare cytomixis. Also mixis and -mictic.

(biology) A periodic reorganization of the cell nucleus in certain ciliated protozoa


keratan sulfate

keratan sulfate (countable and uncountable, plural keratan sulfates)

(biochemistry) Any of several sulfated glycosaminoglycans that have been found especially in the cornea, cartilage, and bone, and act to absorb mechanical shock in joints.


benzoylarginine

(biochemistry) Any benzoyl derivative of arginine


moustachial

From moustache + -ial. Compare mystacial.

(zoology) Resembling a moustache; applied to certain markings on birds.


bigerminal

(biology) Relating to two germs / oocytes


biocenology

(biology) A branch of ecology involving the study of the interactions between biological communities


biophage

(biology) Any organism that derives its nourishment from another living organism.


bioseries

(biology) Any series of evolutionary changes in a particular inherited characteristic


biotron

→ Polish: biotron

/ˈbaɪ.əʊˌtɹɒn/

(biology) A chamber in which the effects of climate on organisms can be studied


brachyblast

(botany) A short shoot often bearing clusters of leaves


gmelina

The air is cool in this shade of whistling gmelina trees.

2023, Stephen Buoro, The Five Sorrowful Mysteries of Andy Africa, Bloomsbury Circus, page 63:

(botany) Any member of the genus Gmelina.


butyrocholinesterase

(biochemistry) Synonym of pseudocholinesterase.


diestrous

(biology) Of or relating to the diestrus, a period of sexual quiescence between two estrus periods.

(biology) Having two periods of estrus in a year.


calcyclin

(biochemistry) A certain calcium-binding protein


calelectrin

(biochemistry) Any of a certain group of calcium-dependent annexin proteins


calpactin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of calponins that bind actin


fodrin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of spectrins that bind actin


carbamoylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the conversion of an N-carbamoyl-amino acid into ammonia, carbon dioxide and the free amino acid


reptatorial

/ˌɹɛp.təˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əl/

/ˌɹɛp.təˈtɔ.ɹɪ.əl/

From reptatory (“crawling, creeping”) + -al (suffix forming adjectives). Reptatory is probably derived from New Latin reptatorius (used in the binomial nomenclature of species), from Latin rēptātus (“on which one has crawled; where one has swum”) + -tōrius (suffix forming adjectives); rēptātus is the perfect passive participle of rēptō (“to crawl or creep (over or through)”), the frequentative form of rēpō (“to crawl, creep”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁p-.


carotenase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that converts carotene into vitamin A


carotenoprotein

(biochemistry) A complex of a carotenoid and a protein


cataphyllary

(botany) Describing brownish scales on the surfaces of some plants, probably derived from foliage-leaves.


cellobiosidase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that releases cellobiose from one end of the cellulose molecule by hydrolysis


centractin

(biochemistry) A central subunit of dynactin


cercocystis

(biology) A tapeworm cysticercoid larva that develops within the vertebrate host villus rather than in an invertebrate host


cercomer

(biology) The caudal appendage of a larval cestode


cerebrocuprein

(biochemistry) Synonym of erythrocuprein.


diplotype

(genetics) Either of two or more haplotypes on homologous chromosomes


curacin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of peptide synthases found in some cyanobacteria


atheriniform

en-adj

atheriniform (comparative more atheriniform, superlative most atheriniform)

more atheriniform (comparative)
most atheriniform (superlative)

(ichthyology) of or belonging to the order Atheriniformes


atheriniform

(ichthyology) Any fish in the order Atheriniformes


monophyleticity

(genetics) The quality of being monophyletic.


epigeneticity

(genetics) The quality of being epigenetic.


chemodifferentiation

(biology) An early stage in the differentiation of embryonic cells caused by differences in the chemical constituents of cells


kiwaiform

(biology) Having the form of decapod crustaceans of the genus Kiwa or of the family Kiwaidae


chimeraplast

(genetics) A synthetic strand of RNA and DNA once used to repair DNA mutations


chimeraplasty

(genetics) A form of gene therapy that uses chimeraplasts


chitobiosidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a chitobioside


chloragosome

(biology) A cytoplasmic granule found in the coelomocytes of annelids


chlorohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the replacement of chloride groups by hydroxy groups


choanomastigote

(biology) A developmental form of flagellates of the genus Crithidia that have a choana


stomach oil

en-noun

stomach oil (countable and uncountable, plural stomach oils)

(ornithology) The light oil composed of neutral dietary lipids found in the proventriculus of birds in the order Procellariiformes.


PETN reductase

(biochemistry) A denitration enzyme which can break down penthrite (PETN) and nitroglycerine (GTN) by removing nitrite.


cholecystokinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of cholecystokinin


choleragen

Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae#Translingual

(biochemistry) An endotoxin produced by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae


cholesterologenesis

(biochemistry) Alternative form of cholesterogenesis.


cholinoceptive

(biochemistry, of a site on an effector organ) That is acted upon by cholinergic transmitters


cholinoreactive

en-adj

cholinoreactive (comparative more cholinoreactive, superlative most cholinoreactive)

more cholinoreactive (comparative)
most cholinoreactive (superlative)

(biochemistry) That responds to acetylcholine or related compounds


chondrocalcin

en-noun

chondrocalcin (countable and uncountable, plural chondrocalcins)

(biochemistry) A calcium-binding protein involved in the mineralization of bone


chondroprotein

(biochemistry) Any glycoprotein found in cartilage


chondrosin

(biochemistry) A disaccharide, composed of glucuronic acid and galactosamine, present in the chondroitins


choriomammotropin

(biochemistry) The hormone "human placental lactogen"


chromatophil

(cytology) A chromatophilic cell or structure


chromatophilia

(cytology) The property of a cell that readily stains with an appropriate dye


chromatoplasm

chromatoplasm (countable and uncountable, plural chromatoplasms)

chromatoplasms (plural)
chromoplasm (alternative)

(cytology) The part of cytoplasm that contains pigment.


chromogenesis

(biochemistry) The biosynthesis of pigments


chromotrope

(cytology) Any of a group of dyes that change colour under certain circumstances


cinerulose

(biochemistry) The deoxysugar (2S,5R,6S)-5,6-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-one produced by some forms of Streptomyces


circhoral

(biology) Relating to biorhythms that are approximately hourly


formiminoglutamic acid

(biochemistry) An intermediate in the metabolism of histidine. (See biomarker applications at formiminoglutamate.)

formiminoglutamate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


dorsigerous

(zoology, obsolete) Carrying on the back.


outmate

en-verb

outmate (third-person singular simple present outmates, present participle outmating, simple past and past participle outmated)

outmates (present singular third-person)
outmating (participle present)
outmated (participle past)
outmated (past)

(zoology) To mate with an individual who is not part of one's immediate social group.

(zoology, transitive) To surpass in finding mates; to outbreed.


clupeine

(biochemistry) A protamine found in salmon sperm


cobinic acid

(biochemistry) A corrinoid containing six carboxylic acid groups


adenosylmethioninase

(biochemistry) The enzyme adenosylmethionine cyclotransferase.


coconversion

(genetics) The simultaneous correction of two sites on DNA that were segregated wrongly during meiosis


codecarboxylase

(biochemistry) Any active site on a decarboxylase which catalyzes the decarboxylation of D-amino acids


coglucosidase

(biochemistry) A coenzyme that activates a glucosidase


collagenation

(biochemistry) The formation of collagen in tissue


planktotrophy

(biology) The condition of being planktotrophic or of being a planktotroph


counterselectable

(genetics) Capable of creating a counterselection


vasopressinase

(biochemistry) An aminopeptidase enzyme that cleaves vasopressin, oxytocin, and other peptide hormones.


cytoanalyzer

(cytology) A machine that performs cytoanalysis.


crotalase

(biochemistry) A snake venom enzyme that clots fibrinogen.


venombin

en-noun

venombin (countable and uncountable, plural venombins)

(biochemistry) Any of a class of thrombin-like enzymes from snake venom.


interexon

RT-PCR primers for the identification of active HERV loci were designed from the sequences of predicted/expected loci and incorporated 0 to 3 ambiguous nucleotides taking the other homologous loci into account. […] Locus-specific primers were set in interexons. Those sequences and PCR conditions were as follows: […]

2004 December, Goichi OkaharaShinobu Matsubaraet al., “Expression analyses of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs): tissue-specific and developmental stage-dependent expression of HERVs”, in Genomics, volume 84, number 6, →DOI, page 988:

The results of this analysis showed that there are significant differences between all the groups of pathologies studied regarding the level of expression of the various interexons, understanding significance in each group as the statistical difference found at least between a pair of pathologies concerning the values of expression in every interexon.

2013 December 6, Carlos A. OrozcoAndrés Acevedoet al., “The Combined Expression Patterns of Ikaros Isoforms Characterize Different Hematological Tumor Subtypes”, in PLOS One, volume 8, number 12, →DOI, page 3:

Given the technical inability to obtain real quantitative data for the expression levels of all Ikaros isoforms, a different protocol was used to characterize the expression profile of each interexon based on qRT-PCR.

2018 December 14, Leydy Katherin Duque SuárezGerardo Quintana Lópezet al., “IKAROS expression profiles characterize different autoimmune diseases”, in Translational Medicine Communications, volume 3, number 11, →DOI, page 2:

(genetics) A region of a transcribed gene between exons.


tafazzin

Named after the masochistic comic character Tafazzi, in reference to the complex procedure required to identify the protein, + -in.

(biochemistry) A protein involved in the metabolism of cardiolipin.


wolframin

(biochemistry) A particular transmembrane protein.


contrasuppressor

(genetics) That inhibits the function of a suppressor.


contrasuppressor

(genetics) That which inhibits the function of a suppressor.


coracidium

/ˌkɔːɹəˈsɪdi.əm/

From Ancient Greek κόραξ (kórax, “raven, hook”) + -idium.

af

(biology) The larval stage of some tapeworms


pseudoallelism

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoallelism.wav

(genetics) The situation in which two genes with similar functions are located so close to one another on a chromosome that they are genetically linked and tend to be inherited together


pseudoallele

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoallele.wav

(genetics) Either of the two genes involved in pseudoallelism.


bergamia

(taxonomy) A species of the citrus fruit bergamot, probably a natural hybrid between a lemon and an orange.


corticalization

(biology) The evolutionary migration of brain function to the cortex


crotalin

(biochemistry) A protein in rattlesnake venom


cryoprotein

(biochemistry) Any protein that is less soluble in a cold solvent


harnessed bushbuck

en-noun

harnessed bushbuck (plural harnessed bushbucks)

Tragelaphus scriptus
Tragelaphus scriptus#Translingual

(zoology) The more northern and westernmost of the two bushbuck species of sub-Saharan Africa (considered a single species by some sources), Tragelaphus scriptus


cyanophil

(cytology) A cell that is differentially coloured blue by a cytological dye


cyclodeaminase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a cyclodeamination reaction


spore case

Some specimens appear to have spore-cases at the top of their branches, similar to those seen in younger, better-known early land plants such as Cooksonia.

2018 March 23, Susannah Lydon, The Guardian:


cyclolysin

(biochemistry) A haemolysin found in the bacterium Bordetella pertussis


cyclotransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase whose action results in cyclization


cytoadhesin

(biology) Any factor that enables cytoadhesion


cytocrine

(biology) Relating to, or producing a secretion that is passed directly to another cell


cytoenzymology

(cytology) A branch of cytology that studies the enzymes present in cells


cytolipin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of glycosphingolipids that sometimes show immunological properties


cytopoiesis

/ˌsaɪtəʊpɔɪˈiːsɪs/


cytopreparation

cytopreparation (countable and uncountable, plural cytopreparations)

(cytology) The preparation of a sample for cytological examination


cytozoic

(biology, of a parasite) That lives within a cell


dealkylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a dealkylation reaction


cytothesis

(biology, dated) The process of cell repair.


heterometabolism

(biology) The form of insect development in which the nymph is very similar to the adult and matures without becoming a pupa


rhythmogram

(biology) A graphical representation of the response to a continuous stimulus.


dehydrotestosterone

(biochemistry) Any of several isomeric steroids related to testosterone.


dehydroxylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a dehydroxylation reaction


dematin

(biochemistry) An actin microfilament bundling protein that is associated with erythrocyte membranes


prostheca

(biology) A cellular appendage that is an extension of the cellular membrane and contains cytosol


deoxyadenosylcobalamin

deoxyadenosylcobalamin (countable and uncountable, plural deoxyadenosylcobalamins)

methylmalonic acidemia
methylmalonic acidemia

(biochemistry) A coenzyme form of vitamin B12, a deficiency of which leads to methylmalonic acidemia.


deoxynucleotidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a deoxynucleotide


deoxyriboaldolase

(biochemistry) Any aldolase that hydrolyses a deoxyribose phosphate


desmocalmin

(biochemistry) A protein, found in bovine desmosomes, that binds calmodulin


queuosine

(biochemistry) A modified nucleoside present in certain tRNAs in bacteria and eukaryotes.


dextrase

(biochemistry) Any of the enzymes that catalyse the conversion of dextrose into lactic acid


TSLP

thymic stromal lymphopoietin
w:thymic stromal lymphopoietin

(biochemistry, immunology) Initialism of thymic stromal lymphopoietin.


xenoplasm

(cytology) Cytoplasm from a foreign cell.


diesterase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a diester; but especially a phosphodiesterase


dihexose

(biochemistry) Any disaccharide whose constituent sugars are both hexoses


duodenase

(biochemistry) A serine endopeptidase found in the mucosa of the bovine duodenum.


dornase

(obsolete, biochemistry) Synonym of deoxyribonuclease.


dorsalin

(biochemistry) A protein that regulates cell differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube


ductin

(biochemistry) A multifunctional membrane protein


dysgonic

Dysgonic strains cultivated in liquid media with fatty acids do not, however, grow as fast as eugonic strains.

1952, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, volume 96, page 217:

(biology, of a bacterial culture) Growing or seeding slowly or badly.


ecophene

(genetics, ecology) The range of phenotypes produced by a genotype in a particular habitat


cryptocystidean

(zoology) Of or relating to the Cryptocystidea.


ecotaxis

(biology) Migration of cells (especially lymphocytes) into tissues that have an appropriate environment


ectotrophic

(biology, of a parasite) That obtains nourishment from outside of its host


elastomucoproteinase

(biochemistry) A form of elastase that has both proteolytic and mucolytic activity


top-shaped

en-adj

top-shaped (comparative more top-shaped, superlative most top-shaped)

more top-shaped (comparative)
most top-shaped (superlative)


episematic

episematic (comparative more episematic, superlative most episematic)

more episematic (comparative)
most episematic (superlative)

/ˌɛpɪsɪˈmætɪk/

Episematic characters are far less common than aposematic, and these than cryptic; although, as regards the latter comparison, the opposite impression is generally produced from the fact that concealment is so successfully attained.

1911, “Colours of Animals”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition, volume V, page 732:

(zoology, of a coloration or marking) That serves to assist individuals of the same species to identify each other.


TBP

(genetics, microbiology) Initialism of TATA-binding protein.


MBL

mannose-binding lectin
mannose-binding lectin#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of mannose-binding lectin.


HSC

hematopoietic stem cell
hematopoietic stem cell#English

(cytology, hematology) Initialism of hematopoietic stem cell.


AGS

accessory gonadal structure
accessory gonadal structure#English

(biology) Abbreviation of accessory gonadal structure.


embryonization

Matsuda (1987, p. 28) reviewed the reallocation processes within organisms associated with a life-history specialization called “embryonization” (growth of larvae within eggs), representing an evolutionary change from production of many small to fewer large eggs. In Hydra, embryonization leads to the production of a single large egg via adsorption of neighboring oocytes.

2003, Mary Jane West-Eberhard, Developmental Plasticity and Evolution:

(biology) Modification to an embryonic form.


osmoresistance

(biology) resistance to high salt concentrations


FAD

flavin adenine dinucleotide
flavin adenine dinucleotide#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of flavin adenine dinucleotide.


FMN

flavin mononucleotide
flavin mononucleotide#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of flavin mononucleotide.


incudate

(zoology, anatomy) Of, pertaining to or having an incus (bone of the middle ear).

incudate trophi

The incudate trophi of Asplanchna are massive forceps quite free from an inclosing mastax, and capable in consequence of even plunging down into the oesophagus; but the forcipate trophi of Sacculus are feeble hooks and blades, inclosed in a grape-shaped mastax, and admitting of only a slight protrusion from the mouth.

1889, Charles Thomas Hudson, Philip Henry Gosse, The Rotifera: Or, Wheel-animalcules, Volume 1, page 120:

FIGURE 140.[…]A-E with a malleate mastax in the Brachionidae and a malleo-ramate in the Flosculariaceae, mainly feed by sedimenting; F and G with virgate or incudate mastax, respectively, are more selective and raptorial.

1967, G. Evelyn Hutchinson, A Treatise on Limnology, Volume II: Introduction to Lake Biology and the Limnoplankton, page 531:

Forcipate and incudate trophi function in grasping.

1979, Richard S. Stemberger, A Guide to Rotifers of the Laurentian Great Lakes, Volume 1, US Environmental Protection Agency, page 10:

Asplanchna priodonta (Asplanchnidae) is a planktonic predator with incudate trophi, showing a wide trophic spectrum, feeding on rotifers, protists, and various unicellular algae (Jose de Paggi, 2002).

2005, Diego Fontaneto, Giulio Melone, “Do rotifer jaws grow after hatching?”, in Alois Herzig, Ramesh D. Gulati, Christian D. Jersabek, Linda May, editors, Rotifera X: Rotifer Research: Trends, New Tools and Recent Advances, Springer, page 215:

In Asplanchnidae, rami are large and hooked and constitute incudate mastax, but reduced rami may be present.

2018, Fstik Baran Mandal, Biology of Non-Chordates, 2nd edition, PHI Learning, page 198:

(zoology, of mastaxes or trophi of rotifers) That functions by prehension; used as a classification.


endoamylase

(biochemistry) Any amylase that works on nonterminal glycoside linkage.


endothoracic

(entomology, rare) Relating to the endothorax.


water vascular system

en-noun

water vascular system (plural water vascular systems)

(zoology) The hydraulic system found in the bodies of all echinoderms, which allows for a continuous flow of water through canals to the tube feet, and performs a range of body functions.


aquiferous system

aquiferous system (plural aquiferous systems)

(zoology) The system of connected water channels that is unique to sponges (Porifera).

(zoology, dated) The hydrostatic skeleton of certain marine gastropods.

water vascular system
water vascular system

(zoology, obsolete) The water vascular system of echinoderms.


monozoic

(zoology) Of a tapeworm, having a single proglottid.


entypy

(biology) The formation of the amnion, in certain mammals, by invagination of the embryonic knob into the yolk sac


enzygotic

(biology) That develops from a single zygote that divides at an early stage of development


eosinotaxis

(cytology, immunology) The movement of eosinophils towards or from a stimulus


chemotaxin

(biochemistry) Any substance that stimulates chemotaxis


epidermotropism

(biology) migration (typically of T cells) towards the epidermis


epiglycanin

(biochemistry) A mucin-type glycoprotein on the surface of a carcinoma cell


isosequential

(genetics) Having the same sequence of nucleotides.


GHIH

(biochemistry) Initialism of growth hormone-inhibiting hormone.


erythrocythemia

erythrocythemia (countable and uncountable, plural erythrocythemias)

/əˌɹɪθroʊˌsaɪˈθiːmiə/

From erythrocyte + -emia, with /θ/ for euphony; akin to erythro- + -cyte + -emia and erythro- + -cyte + hem- + -ia; morphologically parallel with polycythemia.

(biology, medicine) Synonym of polycythemia.


erythrophil

(cytology) A cell or tissue that readily stains red


esteropeptidase

(biochemistry, in combination) A peptidase that cleaves a polypeptide at a specific peptide ester linkage


serotiny

(biology) seed dispersal as a result of an ecological trigger, typically fire


excystation

(biology) The stage in the life cycle of a parasite in which it escapes from a cyst (after being swallowed by its host)


exoamylase

exoamylase (countable and uncountable, plural exoamylases)

(biochemistry) An amylase that hydrolyses glycosidic bonds near an end of the polysaccharide


exorhiza

(botany) Any plant whose radicle is not enclosed by the cotyledons or plumule


megasynthetase

(biochemistry) Any large, complex synthetase


oxyhemocyanin

(biochemistry) The blue pigment that is an oxygenated form of hemocyanin


nothosubspecies

(botany) A hybrid which is formed by direct hybridization of two subspecies, not other hybrids.


galactosaminoglycan

(biochemistry) Any glycosaminoglycan derived from galactosamine


galacturonosidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a galacturonide


gametocyst

(biology) A structure, in certain protozoans, in which gametocytes or gametes are formed


endopolyphosphatase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a polyphosphate to an oligophosphate


holocellulose

holocellulose (countable and uncountable, plural holocelluloses)

(biochemistry) The mixture of cellulose and hemicellulose in the cell walls of plants


holocellulase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses and breaks down holocellulose


transformylase

(biochemistry) Synonym of formyltransferase.


gellan

(biochemistry) A polysaccharide gum produced by the bacterium Sphingomonas elodea


cytoclesis

(biology) The influence of one cell upon others.


pleitropism

(genetics) The quality of being pleitropic.


diauxie

Even in conventional batch cultivation, yeasts may occasionally enter a second phase of exponential growth called diauxie.

1998, Graeme M. Walker, Yeast Physiology and Biotechnology, page 134:

(biology) The state or quality of being diauxic.


genecology

genecology (usually uncountable, plural genecologies)

(genetics, ecology) A branch of ecology dealing with genetic variation in different environments


cholesterogenesis

(biochemistry) The biosynthesis of cholesterol


omnigenic

(genetics) Concerning, or controlled by, all the genes of an organism


sternopleural

Sternopleurals medium large.

1931, John Allen Rowe, “A revision of the males of the nearctic species in the genus Fabriciella (Tachinidae)”, in Annals of the Entomological Society of America, volume 24:

(entomology) Short for sternopleural seta or bristle.


excyzoite

(biology) A newly excysted cell, that divides twice to form four trophozoites containing two diploid nuclei each