emboîtement

[R]ivals professed to see an equivalent in the semen, giving rise to the ‘preformation’ or emboîtement theories which contended that the new individual was completely developed as a tiny homunculus from the moment of conception.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 217:

(biology, now historical) The outdated hypothesis that all living things proceed from pre-existing germs, and that these encase the germs of all future living things, enclosed one within another.


fuscation

From Latin fuscare, fuscatum (“to make dark”), from fuscus (“dark”).

It is true other species have some fuscation but with them it is slight, not noticeable casually, and has usually been omitted in descriptions.

1911, A. A. Girault, “Hymenoptera”, in Transactions of the American Entomological Society, volume 37, page 51:

The same as victoria but the scape is also dark red, including also the long pedicel and the first two funicle joints (and a part of the third); the abdoment is reddish only along the median line of the venter; the fore wings bear the same general pattern ( as regards fuscation ) but they are more irregularly fumated, the two fumated areas less distinctly separated, especially caudad.

1915, Ronald Hamlyn-Harris, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum - Volume 4, page 333:

Air-tube index 6.5 to 7.0, without any fuscation near the center;

1954, Richard H. Foote., The Larvae and Pupae of the Mosquitoes Belonging to the Culex Subgenera Melanoconion and Moschlostyrax, page 60::

(entomology) A darkening; obscurity; obfuscation.


asterophyllite

(paleontology) A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and America, now regarded as the branchlets and foliage of calamites.


erectopatent

(botany) Having a position intermediate between erect and patent, or spreading.

(zoology) Standing partially spread and erect; said of the wings of certain insects.


interosculate

en-verb

interosculate (third-person singular simple present interosculates, present participle interosculating, simple past and past participle interosculated)

interosculates (present singular third-person)
interosculating (participle present)
interosculated (participle past)
interosculated (past)

(biology) To have the character of, or to lie between, two distinct groups.


homotypal

It has been shewn that the whole skeleton of the vertebrate animal is made up of a series of segments, which, with an infinite number of variations, are yet homotypal; that is, of the same general form.

1863, Augustus Clissold, Inspiration and Interpretation - Volume 5, page 32:

The alveolus and two roots of the second premolar (p 2) are included in this fragment of upper jaw, showing a decrease of size corresponding to that of the homotypal teeth of the mandible.

1877, Richard Owen, Researches on the Fossil Remains of the Extinct Mammals of Australia, page 67:

From all these considerations, it will be seen that the vine presents a repetition both of homotypal parts and of homotypal arrangement of parts or forms; or, in other words, that all its parts are similar to one another, and in nice accordance with the whole.

2022, Hugh Macmillian, The True Vine, page 99:

homotypal parts

(biology) Of the same type of structure; pertaining to a homotype.


spiculigenous

spiculigenous cells

spiculigenous sponges

(zoology, rare) Producing or containing spicules.


postfurca

From Late Latin post (“behind”) + furca (“a fork”).

(zoology) One of the internal thoracic processes of the sternum of an insect


celluliferous

en-adj

celluliferous (comparative more celluliferous, superlative most celluliferous)

more celluliferous (comparative)
most celluliferous (superlative)

(cytology) Bearing or producing small cells.


ephemeran

(zoology) Any mayfly of the genus Ephemera


cormogeny

From Ancient Greek κορμός (kormós, “tree-trunk”) + -geny.

af

(biology, rare) The embryological history of groups or families of individuals.


mannitan

en-noun

mannitan (countable and uncountable, plural mannitans)


fibrinoplastin

From fibrin + Ancient Greek πλαστός (plastós, “mouldable”); compare plastic.

der

(biochemistry) An albuminous substance in the blood which, in combination with fibrinogen, forms fibrin.


lilywort

Grains mussel-shaped. In the Bulbs of the larger Lilyworts , as in Fritillaria , Lilium.

1830, John Lindley, An Introduction to Botany:

(botany) Any plant of the lily family or order.


metapeptone

(biochemistry) An intermediate product formed in the gastric digestion of albuminous matter.


paliform

en-adj

paliform (comparative more paliform, superlative most paliform)

more paliform (comparative)
most paliform (superlative)

the paliform lobes of the septa in corals


coast rat

(zoology) A small South African mammal (Bathyergus suillus), that builds extensive burrows.


nidulant

Latin nidulans, p.pr.: compare French nidulant.

nidulant seeds

(botany) Lying loose in pulp or cotton within a berry or pericarp.


subumbonal

(zoology) Beneath or forward of the umbos of a bivalve shell.


metamere

(biology) One of successive or homodynamous parts in animals and plants; one of a series of similar parts that follow one another in a vertebrate or articulate animal, as in an earthworm; a segment or somite.


androphore

(botany) A support or column on which stamens are raised

andróforo

(zoology) The part which, in some Siphonophorae, bears the male gonophores.


tripetalous

From tri- + petalous: compare French tripétale.


tritozooid

(biology, rare) A zooid of the third generation in asexual reproduction.


myrmicine

The discovery of tandem calling with pheromones in Leptothorax throws considerable light on the evolution of chemical recruitment techniques in myrmicine ants generally.

1990, Bert Hölldobler, Edward O. Wilson, The Ants, page 274:

The chemistry of the myrmicine genus Solenopsis is so aberrant that it reduces generalizations about ant venoms to the absurd.

2012, Murry Blum, Chemical Defenses of Arthropods, page 329:

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the ant subfamily Myrmicinae.

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the ant genus Myrmica.


myrmicine

Subfamily Myrmicinae
[…]Species of myrmicines are most likely to be confused with species of Leptanilla or Tetraponera because of the two-segmented petiole.

1999, Steven O. Shattuck, Australian Ants: Their Biology and Identification, volume 3, page 122:

The other dominant ant subfamilies were also present but with lesser importance (fig. 1.4). Toward the end of the ponerine expansion (Early Eocene), the myrmicines began to radiate, surpassing the ponerines in biomass and diversity.

2007, Victor Rico-Gray, Paulo S. Oliveira, The Ecology and Evolution of Ant-Plant Interactions, page 12:

The pseudomyrmecines can only be mistaken for myrmicines, but in the former there is always a fully developed promesonotal suture that is fully articulated and flexible in fresh specimens—a character that is always absent from myrmicines.

2016, Brian L. Fisher, Barry Bolton, Ants of Africa and Madagascar: A Guide to the Genera, page 56:

(zoology) Any ant of the subfamily Myrmicinae.


gymnoplast

(biology) A cell or mass of protoplasm devoid of an envelope, such as a white blood corpuscle.


bilifuscin

From Latin bilis (“bile”) + fuscus (“dark”) + -in.

(biochemistry) A brownish-green pigment, derived from bilirubin, found in human gallstones and in old bile.


infusory

(zoology, obsolete) One of the Infusoria.


endogen

From endo- + -gen: compare French endogène.

The endogens constitute one of the great primary classes of plants, and include all palms, true lilies, grasses, rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc.

(botany) A plant which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads, irregularly distributed throughout the whole diameter, not forming annual layers, and with no distinct pith.


tunicin

en-noun

tunicin (countable and uncountable, plural tunicins)

(biochemistry) Animal cellulose; a substance present in the mantle, or tunic, of the tunicates, which resembles, or is identical with, the cellulose of the vegetable kingdom.


transposant

(genetics) Any organism that has a transposon in its genome


multipunctate

(botany) Having many spots, points or punctures


terebratuliform

en-adj

terebratuliform (comparative more terebratuliform, superlative most terebratuliform)

more terebratuliform (comparative)
most terebratuliform (superlative)

terebratuliform loop

terebratuliform shell

(archaic, zoology) Having the general form of a terebratula shell.


coenobium

en-noun

coenobium (plural coenobiums or coenobia)

coenobiums (plural)
coenobia (plural)
caenobium (alternative)
cenobium (alternative)
cœnobium (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin coenobium (“cloister, convent; monastery”), from Koine Greek κοινόβιον (koinóbion, “life in community; monastery”), the neuter form of κοινόβιος (koinóbios, “communal living”), from Ancient Greek κοινός (koinós, “common, shared”) + βίος (bíos, “life”). Doublet of coenoby.
The plural form coenobia is borrowed from Late Latin coenobia.

der

Comfrey fruit is a coenobium consisting not of two (in carpel number) but four monospermous eremes. Eremes are not opened and seed not released from pericarp falls from the plant.

2009, N. M. Nayda, “Seed Productivity in Symphytum L. (Boraginaceae)”, in T. B. Batygina, editor, Embryology of Flowering Plants: Terminology and Concepts, volume 3 (Reproductive Systems), Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, part 3 (Seed Propagation), page 195:

(botany) A fruit of a plant from either of the families Boraginaceae (the borages) or Lamiaceae which has small loculi or compartments, reminiscent of the cells in a convent or monastery.

lohkohedelmä

fruit of a plant from either of the families Boraginaceae or Lamiaceae which has many small loculi or compartments

[…] M. [Louis-Félix] Henneguy finds four kinds of these colonies, which he calls cœnobiums: […] At the moment of fecundation the bundles of antherozoids are set at liberty by the dissolution of the antheridia wall; they move quickly through the water, and fix themselves on the female cœnobiums, and then separate to fecundate the oospheres, but the author was not able to observe the exact moment of their penetration.

1877 January 1, “New Books, with Short Notices. [The Different Sexuality of Volvox globator and V. minor.]”, in Henry Lawson, editor, The Monthly Microscopical Journal: Transactions of the Royal Microscopical Society, and Record of Histological Research at Home and Abroad, volume XVII, London: Hardwicke and Bogue, […], →OCLC, page 35:

This group includes two genera, Volvox and Eudorina, which resemble Pandorina in many respects, and were formerly included with it in one group. Like Pandorina, these plants are motile, and consist of a number of ciliated cells aggregated into a cœnobium. […] The distinction between these plants and Pandorina is that in them certain cells of the cœnobium develops into antheridia and oogonia.

1882, Julius Sachs, “Group I. Thallophytes.”, in Sydney H[oward] Vines, editor, Text-book of Botany: Morphological and Physiological, 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, class III (Oosporeæ), page 278:

Genus, PEDIASTRUM, Meyen. Cells united into definite families, known as coenobiums; they are plane, discoid or stellate, swimming free. A coenobium is formed of cells in a single or rarely, in part, double stratum, which is continuous or perforated.

1892, Francis Wolle, “Family, PROTOCOCCACEÆ”, in Desmids of the United States and List of American Pediastrums […], new edition, Bethlehem, Pa.: Moravian Publication Office, →OCLC, page 168:

The study of ecological conditions under which the seasonal dynamics of meadow vegetation develops is one of [the] main parameters in exact studies of phytocenotic structure and the ecology of basic coenobiums.

1971, J. Danon, S. Stojanović, Ž. Blaženčić, “Comparative Studies of the Effect of Ecological Conditions of Microhabitat on the Structure of the Phytocenosis: Trifolieto-Alopecuretum pratensis”, in Vojislav Pavasović, transl., edited by Siniša Stanković and Paul Pignon, Archiv Bioloških Nauka [Archives of Biological Sciences], volume 23, numbers 3–4, Belgrade, Yugoslavia: Srpsko Biološko Društvo, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 52:

(botany) A colony of algae which acts as a single organism; a coenobe.

kenobio

The Radiolaria are marine rhizopods, whose unicellular body always consists of two parts,— […] The individuals are usually single: in only a small minority are the unicellular organisms united in colonies or caenobia.

1887 June 17, “Challenger Report”, in Science.—Supplement, volume IX, number 228, New York, N.Y.: The Science Company, →OCLC, page 596, column 2:

eutely Phenomenon exhibited by a few phyla, notably nematodes, where all individuals have the same number of cells (or nuclei in a coenobium).

2007, “eutely”, in J. M. Lackie, editor, The Dictionary of Cell and Molecular Biology, 4th edition, Burlington, Mass.: Academic Press, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 151, column 1:

(zoology) A colony of unicellular organisms (such as protozoa) which acts as a single organism.

kenobio

colony of unicellular organisms which acts as a single organism


petauristid

(zoology) Any member of the genus Petaurista, including some flying squirrels.


phalangerid

Orbital orientation in the slow-moving phalangerid Phalanger maculatus is more primate-like than in other phalangerids, including Pseudocheirus lemuroides, one of the most acrobatic of arboreal marsupials.

1972, Matt Cartmill, “4: Arboreal Adaptations and the Origin of Order Primates”, in Russell Tuttle, editor, The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates, published 2009, page 112:

One of these species, Phalanger gymnotis (ground cuscus), is reported to be the most frugivorous of the eight New Guinean phalangerid species, and is perhaps the most frugivorous of all phalangerids.

1999, Ian D. Hume, Marsupial Nutrition, page 202:

Phalangerids are predominantly herbivorous, and some prefer leaves, whereas others eat more fruit, flowers, or grasses.

2010, Peter S. Ungar, Mammal Teeth: Origin, Evolution, and Diversity, page 139:

(zoology) Any of the nocturnal marsupials of family Phalangeridae, which includes cuscuses and brushtail possums.


preformationism

(biology) the theory that all organisms start their existence already in a predetermined form upon conception and this form does not change in the course of their lifetime (as opposed to epigenesis)


QRP

queen retinue pheromone
queen retinue pheromone#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of queen retinue pheromone.


lirella

(botany) A linear apothecium furrowed along the middle; the fruit of certain lichens.


trachelipodous

/ˌtɹækəˈlɪpədəs/

(zoology, obsolete) of or pertaining to the molluscs of the former order Trachelipoda, that have their foot attached to the neck.


didynamous

From di- + Ancient Greek δύναμις (dúnamis, “strength”) + -ous.

af

(botany) containing four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.


pilidium

From Ancient Greek πῑλίδιον (pīlídion, “little cap”), diminutive of πῖλος (pîlos), probably influenced by other formations in -idium, like miracidium, planidium, and coracidium.

der

(zoology) The free-swimming, hat-shaped larva of certain nemertean worms. It has no resemblance to its parent, and the young worm develops in its interior.


laminiplantar

From lamina + Latin planta (“sole of the foot”).

(archaic, zoology) Having the tarsus covered behind with a horny sheath continuous on both sides, as in most songbirds.


aphidophagous

Some beetles of the family Coccinellidae are aphidophagous.


tetraschistic

(biology) Characterized by division into four parts.


spongiolite

(paleontology) One of the microsporic siliceous spicules which occur abundantly in the texture of sponges, and are sometimes found fossilized, as in flints.


rhizine

(botany, lichenology) A rootlike filament or hair growing from the stems of mosses or on lichens; a rhizoid


calycine

en-adj

calycine (comparative more calycine, superlative most calycine)

more calycine (comparative)
most calycine (superlative)
calycinal (alternative)

(botany) Resembling or relating to a calyx.


petiolated

a petiolated leaf

the petiolated abdomen of certain Hymenoptera


halones

(biology) Alternating transparent and opaque white rings which are seen outside the blastoderm, on the surface of the developing egg of the hen and other birds.


parablastic

parablastic mesoblast

parablastic growth

the parablastic cells

(biology) Of or pertaining to the parablast.


hyponastic

hyponastic (comparative more hyponastic, superlative most hyponastic)

more hyponastic (comparative)
most hyponastic (superlative)

From hypo- + Ancient Greek ναστός (nastós, “pressed close”), from νάσσω (nássō).

der

(botany) Exhibiting a downward convexity caused by unequal growth.


ocypodian

(zoology, archaic) A member of the crab family Ocypodidae.


centrolecithal

Many arthropod eggs are centrolecithal.

(biology) Having the yolk placed in the centre of the cytoplasm of the ovum


rhizocarpous

(botany) Having perennial rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; said of all perennial herbs.


frondescence

Borrowed from New Latin frondescentia, from frondescens, from Latin frondescō.

(botany) The time at which a plant unfolds its leaves.


phytozoon

From phyto- + zoon, from New Latin, from Ancient Greek.

(zoology) A plant-like animal; a zoophyte.


monotocous

From Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos) + τόκος (tókos).

(botany) Bearing fruit only once; monocarpic.

(zoology) Laying a single egg; uniparous.


ectocyst

(archaic, zoology) The exoskeleton of some members of Bryozoa.


phylactocarp

From Ancient Greek φύλαξ (phúlax, “guard”) + -carp.

(zoology) A branch of a plumularian hydroid specially modified in structure for the protection of the gonothecae.


myokine

Also, emerging evidence shows contracting skeletal muscles produce myokines, which are small strings of amino acids existing between muscles and the rest of the body that can help regulate various metabolic processes conducive to better cardiometabolic health, McDonough says.

2023 January 29, Ian McMahan, “For longevity, muscle strength may be as important as aerobic exercise”, in Washington Post, →ISSN:

(biochemistry) A form of cytokine produced in muscle cells.


biosonar

(informal, biology) Echolocation in animals.


carboxydotroph

(biology) Any organism that can tolerate a high concentration of carbon monoxide


gene bank

(genetics) A repository for genetic material


metagene

(genetics) An aggregate pattern of gene expression


progenesis

(biology) precocious sexual reproduction (especially in nematodes)


psoriasin

(biochemistry) An inflammatory calcium-binding protein found on human skin


pseudobacteria

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudobacteria.wav

(biology, dated) Microscopic organic particles, molecular granules, powdered inorganic substances, etc., which in form, size, and grouping resemble bacteria.


propagulum

(botany) A runner terminated by a germinating bud.


tripinnatifid

(botany) Thrice pinnately cleft; said of a pinnatifid leaf when its segments are pinnatifid, and the subdivisions of these also are pinnatifid.


desmoglein

(biochemistry) Any of a family of cadherins involved in the formation of desmosomes.


imphee

en-noun

imphee (countable and uncountable, plural imphees)

Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolor#Translingual

(botany) African sugar cane (Sorghum bicolor, syn. Holcus saccharatus and Andropogon saccharatus).


antheriferous

/ænθəˈɹɪfəɹəs/

(botany) Supporting anthers, as a part of a flower.


hydrobilirubin

(biochemistry) A body formed from bilirubin, identical with urobilin.


trichopter

(zoology) One of the Trichoptera; a caddis fly.


physeter

(zoology) A member of the genus Physeter; a sperm whale.


protonym

The protonym of Macroscyphus appears to be Nees von Esenbeck's (1817) [genus] Peziza ...

1968, Mien A. Rifai, The Australasian Pezizales in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew:

Protonyms form the name for later revised opinions on a taxon concept as implicitly or explicitly circumscribed in a subsequent publication...

2005, Bertram Ludäscher, Louiqa Raschid, Data integration in the life sciences:

(zoology, taxonomy) The first legitimate name of a taxon, on which the currently accepted name is based.


urotoxin

(biochemistry) any toxic substance that can be found in urine


pachyphyllous

en-adj

pachyphyllous (comparative more pachyphyllous, superlative most pachyphyllous)

more pachyphyllous (comparative)
most pachyphyllous (superlative)


pluripartite

pluripartite (comparative more pluripartite, superlative most pluripartite)

more pluripartite (comparative)
most pluripartite (superlative)

(botany) Deeply divided into several portions.


curculionidous

(zoology, dated) Relating to the weevil family Curculionidae.


intermutation

Most mutations in this genome have an intermutation distance of about 10⁵ bp to about 10⁶ bp, but the plot clearly shows a major region of hypermutation roughly centered on mutation position 4000 (corresponding to a 14 Mb region on the long arm of chromosome 6), where there is an extraodinary cluster of C • T mutations (red dots) that are spaced from their nearest neighbors by very short distances (often 100 bp or less).

2022, Tom Strachan, Anneke Lucassen, Genetics and Genomics in Medicine:


endoblastic

the endoblastic layer

(biology) Synonym of entoblastic (“Of or relating to the entoblast”).


lignose

en-noun

lignose (usually uncountable, plural lignoses)


homogenetic

(biology) homogenous; applied to a class of homologies that arise from similarity of structure and are taken as evidence of common ancestry


hydriform

en-adj

hydriform (comparative more hydriform, superlative most hydriform)

more hydriform (comparative)
most hydriform (superlative)

(zoology) Having the form or structure of a hydra.


actinozoal

(zoology, obsolete) Of or pertaining to the obsolete class of animals, Actinozoa.


fissurella

(zoology) Any of the genus Fissurella of marine gastropod mollusks.


mystacal

From Ancient Greek μύσταξ (mústax, “moustache”), whence also moustache.

der

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the upper lip, or moustache.


porpita

(zoology) A marine organism, Porpita porpita, the blue button.


monopyrenous

monopyrenous drupe

(archaic, botany) Having a single stone or kernel.


palmaceous

en-adj

palmaceous (comparative more palmaceous, superlative most palmaceous)

more palmaceous (comparative)
most palmaceous (superlative)

palmaceous tribe

(botany, dated) Of or pertaining to palms; of the nature of, or resembling, palms.


ascigerous

ascigerous (comparative more ascigerous, superlative most ascigerous)

more ascigerous (comparative)
most ascigerous (superlative)

/æˈsɪd͡ʒəɹəs/

Perithecium closed , perforated by an orifice , filled by an ascigerous somewhat deliquescent nucleus

1828, John Claudius Loudon, An Encyclopaedia of Plants:


pendulate

pendulate (comparative more pendulate, superlative most pendulate)

more pendulate (comparative)
most pendulate (superlative)

Here the rachis is bent at the point of its origin, and thereby it produces pendulate inflorescence.

1967, Kenjiro Fujii, Cytologia, page 447:

Above the lower headcut, phreatophytic mesquite and little leaf sumac hug the banks, drawing pendulate water from the silts remaining from former marsh deposits and sending long taproots into channel stores.

2007, Susan L. Woodward, “Modern Vegetation of the Murray Springs Area and the Upper San Pedro Valley”, in Caleb Vance Haynes, Bruce B. Huckell, editor, Murray Springs, page 58:

The first group of genotypes demonstrates a pendulate/spreading form, whereas the second group remains upright when the fruits grow on the shoots.

2021, Debashis Mandal, Ursula Wermund, Lop Phavaphutanon, Temperate Fruits: Production, Processing, and Marketing:


hirtellous

hirtellous (comparative more hirtellous, superlative most hirtellous)

more hirtellous (comparative)
most hirtellous (superlative)

Diminutive from Latin hirtus (“hairy”), with -ous.


pseudoheart

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoheart.wav

(zoology) Any contractile vessel of invertebrates that is not of the nature of a real heart, especially one of those pertaining to the excretory system.


acraspeda

It may be that the pelagic habit of the acraspeda is secondary, and while the polyps, the craspedota and the acraspeda have unquestionably had a common starting point in a free pelagic ancestor, it is quite possible that […]

1893, William Keith Brooks, Salpa in Its Relation to the Evolution of Life, page 202:

(zoology) A group of acalephs that includes most of the larger jellyfish


noctilionid

(zoology) A South American bat of the genus Noctilio, with cheek pouches and large incisor teeth; a bulldog bat.


ascidiozooid

(obsolete, zoology) One of the individual members of a compound ascidian.


anaptychus

From New Latin anaptychus, from Ancient Greek ἀνάπτυχος (anáptukhos, “unfolding”), from ἀναπτύσσω (anaptússō, “to unfold”).

der

(paleontology) One of a pair of shelly plates found in some cephalopods, such as the ammonites. They are now considered to have been parts of the jaw.


radiatiform

(botany) Having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower


bursiculate

en-adj

bursiculate (comparative more bursiculate, superlative most bursiculate)

more bursiculate (comparative)
most bursiculate (superlative)

bursiculate retinaculum


metalbumin

(biochemistry) A form of albumin found in ascitic and certain serous fluids, and sometimes regarded as a mixture of albumin and mucin.


obomegoid

obomegoid (comparative more obomegoid, superlative most obomegoid)

more obomegoid (comparative)
most obomegoid (superlative)


homogangliate

(zoology, archaic) Having the ganglia of the nervous system symmetrically arranged, as in certain invertebrates.


reptatory

(zoology, obsolete, rare) Crawling, creeping.


PRCV

(biology) Initialism of porcine respiratory coronavirus.


APP

en-noun

APP (countable and uncountable, plural APPs)

acute-phase protein
acute-phase protein#English

(countable, biochemistry, immunology) Initialism of acute-phase protein.

amyloid precursor protein
amyloid precursor protein#English

(countable, biochemistry, medicine) Initialism of amyloid precursor protein.


larviform

en-adj

larviform (comparative more larviform, superlative most larviform)

more larviform (comparative)
most larviform (superlative)

(zoology) Having the shape or structure of a larva


coelospermous

(botany) Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the seedlike carpels incurved at the ends, as in coriander seed.


xenohormone

(biochemistry) Any of a group of natural and artificial compounds showing hormone-like properties.

xenohormoon

any of a group of natural and artificial compounds showing hormone-like properties


xenoestrogen

(biochemistry) A xenohormone that acts as an estrogen.


xenoandrogen

(biochemistry) A xenohormone that imitates androgen.


mycoestrogen

(biochemistry) An estrogen produced by fungi.


trispermous

a trispermous capsule or fruit


florification

en-noun

florification (usually uncountable, plural florifications)

From Latin flos, floris (“flower”) + facere (“to make”).


sepalous

(botany) Having, or relating to, sepals.


sepaloid

en-adj

sepaloid (comparative more sepaloid, superlative most sepaloid)

more sepaloid (comparative)
most sepaloid (superlative)


pseudomonocotyledonous

The live oak and the horse-chestnut are pseudomonocotyledonous.

(botany) Having two coalescent cotyledons.


TMP

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of thymidine monophosphate.


fulcrate

(botany) Propped; supported by accessory organs


psorosperm

(zoology, obsolete) A minute parasite, usually the young of Gregarinae, in the pseudonavicula stage.


trigonous

trigonous stems


psalterial

psalterial aperture

psalterial fibre

psalterial cords

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the psalterium.


pterylography

en-noun

pterylography (usually uncountable, plural pterylographies)

(zoology) The study or description of the arrangement of feathers, or of the pterylae, of birds.


medullin

(biochemistry) A variety of lignin or cellulose found in the medulla, or pith, of certain plants.


morphosis

/mɔːˈfəʊsɪs/

From Late Latin morphosis, from Ancient Greek μόρφωσις (mórphōsis, “shaping”).

uder

(biology) The way in which an organism (or an organ) changes form during development.


ectoATPase

(biochemistry) A transmembrane form of ATPase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP.


isodense

(sciences, especially biochemistry) Evenly or uniformly dense; of the same density (as an adjacent object, tissue, etc).


cladus

From a New Latin form of Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos, “branch”). Doublet of clade.

(botany) A branch of a ramose spicule, which collectively form the cladome.


plagioclimax

(ecology) An altered or reduced climax of a plant ecosystem caused by human activity.


alecithal

1880-1881, Francis Maitland Balfour, A Treatise on Comparative Embryology
It is convenient to distinguish the ova which segment uniformly by some term ; and I should propose for this the term alecithal, as implying that they are without food-yolk or […] little

(biology, of an ovum) Tending to segment uniformly, and having little or no yolk embedded in the protoplasm.


squamigerous

en-adj

squamigerous (comparative more squamigerous, superlative most squamigerous)

more squamigerous (comparative)
most squamigerous (superlative)

From Latin squamiger; squama (“a scale”) + gerere (“to bear”).

Can it be possible that silver is to be trodden down by the feet and claws of gold-bugs, flattened by the Kanchulla of money-devils or swallowed by the squamigerous hydra of Wall Street?

1897 May 13, “Run Here, Somebody”, in The Montgomery Advertiser, volume LXVII (old series) / XXXII (new series), number 291, Montgomery, Ala.: The Advertiser Co., →OCLC, page 4, column 2:


mesomyodous

(zoology, rare) Having the intrinsic muscles of the larynx attached to the middle of the semirings.


peritreme

(zoology) That part of the integument of an insect which surrounds the spiracles.

(zoology) The edge of the aperture of a univalve shell.


fringilline

(zoology) Pertaining to the family Fringillidae, the true finches.


inembryonate

(biology) Not embryonate; devoid of an embryo.


ganoid

Ancient Greek γάνος (gános, “brightness, sheen”) + -oid

uder

(zoology) One of the Ganoidei, a disused taxonomic grouping of fishes, including the bowfin, gars, and sturgeons.


plasmogen

Germ plasm and idioplasm are forms of plasmogen.

With regard to the structure of protoplasm, he held that it was vesicular, the reticulum or walls of the vesicles being the part of the protoplasm in which the plasmogen resides, which is not contained in vesicular spaces.

1887 October, W.R. Lighton, “Microscopical Technique”, in The American Monthly Microscopical Journal, volume 8, number 10, page 196:

With further cooling, and under certain physical conditions, with which we are unacquainted, combinations of yet greater complexity began to appear in special association with carbon, till at length the proteins and plasmogen were reached; and the peculiar physical and chemical properties of these complex substances are what we now call vital.

1912, Hugh S. Elliot, “Modern Vitalism”, in Bedrock, volume 1, page 328:

To construct plasmogen itself is a task for the chemists of the distant future.

1913, Edwin Ray Lankester, Science from an Easy Chair, page 191:

(biochemistry) The important living portion of protoplasm, considered a chemical substance of the highest elaboration.


heterogeny

en-noun

heterogeny (usually uncountable, plural heterogenies)

(biology) the condition or state of being heterogenous


scutelliform

en-adj

scutelliform (comparative more scutelliform, superlative most scutelliform)

more scutelliform (comparative)
most scutelliform (superlative)

(botany) Having the form of a scutellum.


sexualist

But if this is at all an argument, it is one from which the sexualist has but little to fear; as in the case of slips and layers there is in fact no production of a new individual, but merely a prolongation of the old; or at best a multiplication by means of division, as in the case of the Polypi: and although plants are capable of being multiplied in this manner, it is no proof that they may not be propagated by means of sexual intercourse also.

1816, Patrick Keith, A System of Physiological Botany - Volume 2, page 341:

Both the asexualist Spallanzini and the sexualist Erasmus Darwin cited Koelreuter, and the German botanist Johann Hedwig, the first to describe male and female reproductive structures in nonseed plants (cryptogams), declared in 1798 that Koelreuter had demonstrated “beyond all doubt" that "propagation by sexual union takes place in the plant world also."

2017, Lincoln Taiz, Lee Taiz, Flora Unveiled: The Discovery and Denial of Sex in Plants, page 420:

It was the sexualists who successfully freed their minds from such cultural biases and glimpsed the true sexual nature of plants. The sexualists went on to demonstrate the presence of both the sexual and asexual generations in the life cycles of all plants, as revealed by Hofmeister's great synthesis, thus enabling the asexualists to share in the ultimate solution to the puzzle.

2020, Felicia McCarren, One Dead at the Paris Opera Ballet: La Source 1866-2014, page 70:

(botany) One who believes that plants reproduce by sexual reproduction, especially one who accepts the sexual classification method of Linnaeus.


pyralid

/pʌɪˈɹeɪlɪd/

(entomology) A moth of the family Pyralidae.


pyralid

pyralid (comparative more pyralid, superlative most pyralid)

more pyralid (comparative)
most pyralid (superlative)

/pʌɪˈɹeɪlɪd/

They are often tiny, frequently brown and always challenging to identify but an average of one new species of pyralid moth each year is turning up in Britain, according to experts.

2018 June 14, Patrick Barkham, The Guardian:

(entomology) Pertaining to the Pyralidae family of moths.


TNA

threose nucleic acid
threose nucleic acid

(biochemistry) threose nucleic acid or threonucleic acid


threose nucleic acid

en-noun

threose nucleic acid (plural threose nucleic acids)

(biochemistry) An analog of RNA in which the sugar component is threose—considered to be a primordial precursor to RNA


trichiuroid

en-adj

trichiuroid (comparative more trichiuroid, superlative most trichiuroid)

more trichiuroid (comparative)
most trichiuroid (superlative)

(zoology) Of, like, or pertaining to Trichiurus.


epicranium

(zoology) The dorsal wall of the head of insects.


auchenium

(archaic, ornithology) The back of a bird's neck; the nape.


haliotoid

haliotoid (comparative more haliotoid, superlative most haliotoid)

more haliotoid (comparative)
most haliotoid (superlative)

(zoology, archaic) Belonging to the genus Haliotis.


solipede

solipedes (plural)
soliped (alternative)

(zoology, obsolete) A mammal having a single hoof on each foot; a solidungulate.


amphiaster

(biology) The achromatic figure, formed in mitotic cell division, consisting of two asters connected by a spindle-shaped bundle of rod-like fibres diverging from each aster.


cremocarp

Ancient Greek [Term?], meaning "hanging fruit".

(botany) The fruit of fennel, carrot, parsnip, etc., consisting of a pair of carpels pendent from a supporting axis.


exsertile

The male is furnished with an exsertile penis

1822, John Fleming, The Philosophy of Zoology:

(biology) Capable of being thrust out or protruded.


charadriiform

(ornithology) Belonging to the Charadriiformes.


eozoön

eozoöns (plural)
eozoa (plural)
eozoon (alternative)

(paleontology, dated) A pseudofossil with banded structures of coarsely crystalline calcite and serpentine.


dermatogen

/dɜːˈmætədʒɪn/

(botany) Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a forming condition.


multicarinate

multicarinate (comparative more multicarinate, superlative most multicarinate)

more multicarinate (comparative)
most multicarinate (superlative)

multicarinate mollusc shells

multicarinate scales

(zoology) Many-keeled; having many keel-like ridges


cryptobranchiate

cryptobranchiate (comparative more cryptobranchiate, superlative most cryptobranchiate)

more cryptobranchiate (comparative)
most cryptobranchiate (superlative)

(zoology) Having concealed, retractile or rudimentary gills, such as the axolotl.


sporid

Further North, where it [sc. rust] first attacks the barberry its primary form and color is a yellow cup-cell, which matures and sends out spores which attack the wheat by penetrating into its tissue, as the sporid did the brier, and produce the red, globular cell.

1884, John W. Glenn, Report of the experimental and other work done at […] the School of Agriculture, Horticulture and Botany, University of Tennessee during the Years 1883 and 1884, page 63:

357. […] Somewhat later in the season the same parasitic filaments which have been producing Red-rust spores begin to produce lines or spots of dark-colored, thick-walled, two-celled bodies (teleutospores), the so-called spores of the Black-rust […] Being thick-walled, they endure the winter without injury, and when spring comes […] they germinate on the rotting straw and produce several minute spores, called sporids. This is the fourth and last stage of the rust. The sporids fall upon Barberry-leaves and germinate […] giving rise to cluster-cups again.

1886, Charles E. Bessey, The Essentials of Botany, page 172:

As the sporids originating from Micrococcus of sheep-pox develop, according to Hallier, in the air to a Cladosporium […]

1875, E. Klein, “Research on the Smallpox of Sheep”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, volume 165, page 220:


ascidium

From New Latin ascidium, from Ancient Greek ἀσκίδιον (askídion), from ἀσκός (askós, “leather bag”) + -ιδιον (-idion, “diminutive ending”).

(botany) A pitcher-shaped or flask-shaped organ or appendage of a plant.

(zoology) One of the former genus Ascidium of simple ascidians, which included most of the known species; sometimes used as a name for the family Ascidiidae or for all the Tunicata, or Ascidiacea.


parapterum

From New Latin parapteron. See para-, and pteron.

(zoology) In certain insects, a parapteron

(zoology) In birds, the scapular and adjoining feathers of the wing.


sarcoseptum

(zoology) One of the mesenteries of an anthozoan.


ferrichrome

en-noun

ferrichrome (countable and uncountable, plural ferrichromes)

(biochemistry) A cyclic hexapeptide siderophore produced by some fungi.


hydrachnid

(zoology) An aquatic mite of the genus Hydrachna or of its relatives in Hydrachnidiae or similar groups.


ferricytochrome

(biochemistry) The form of a cytochrome containing oxidized (ferric) iron


ferrihaemoglobin

(biochemistry) A form of haemoglobin containing oxidized (ferric) iron


ferriheme

(biochemistry) A form of heme containing oxidized (ferric) iron


ferrihemoprotein

(biochemistry) Any form of a hemoprotein containing oxidized (ferric) iron.


ferriporphyrin

(biochemistry) Any porphyrin containing ferric iron.


ferripyoverdine

(biochemistry) The complex formed from the siderophore pyoverdine and ferric iron


ferrocytochrome

(biochemistry) the form of a cytochrome containing reduced (ferrous) iron


ferroheme

(biochemistry) A form of heme containing reduced (ferrous) iron


ferrokinetics

(biochemistry) The study of the kinetics of iron metabolism, typically by using a radioactive iron isotope


ferroporphyrin

(biochemistry) Any porphyrin containing ferrous iron


ferroprotein

(biochemistry) Any protein that contains iron in a prosthetic group


prosthetic group

prosthetic group (plural prosthetic groups)

(biochemistry) The non-protein component of a conjugated protein.


amentiferous

/æmənˈtɪfəɹəs/

Amentiferous forms, such as Myrica, Betula, Alnus

1872, John Hutton Balfour, Introduction to Palaeontological Botany:


suprabranchial

(zoology) Situated above the branchiae; applied especially to the upper division of the gill cavity of bivalve mollusks.


rhizotaxis

(botany) The arrangement of the roots of plants.


archiblastula

(biology) A hollow blastula, supposed to be the primitive form.


paleospecies

paleospecies (plural)
palaeospecies (alternative)

The problem of recognizing paleospecies is linked to a more fundamental problem in taxonomy —determining how species should be segregated.

1996, Donald E. Johanson, Donald C. Johanson, Blake Edgar, From Lucy to Language:

Similarly, my main source for confidence about paleospecies arises from proven correspondences with true biospecies in favorable cases providing sufficient information for such a test (particularly when species with lengthy fossil records are still extant).

2001, Alan H. Cheetham, Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Scott Lidgard, Evolutionary Patterns, page 197:

I do not, of course, argue that all named paleospecies are true biospecies, or that I can even estimate the percentage properly so defined (any more than we know the relative frequency of modern taxa that represent true biospecies).

2009, Stephen Jay Gould, Punctuated Equilibrium, page 64:

(taxonomy, paleontology) A species that is derived from the paleontological record; chronospecies.


ketoacylsynthase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of a keto acid


cardueline

(zoology) Belonging to the subfamily Carduelinae of finches.


nematogene

(zoology) Alternative spelling of nematogen


archebiosis

the possibility of Bacteria arising by a process of Archebiosis

1871, Henry Charlton Bastian, The Modes of Origin of Lowest Organisms:

(biology) The origination of living matter from non-living; abiogenesis.


misdivision

misdivision (countable and uncountable, plural misdivisions)

(cytology) Abnormal (i.e. transverse instead of longitudinal) division of a centromere during meiosis or mitosis, resulting in two telocentric chromosomes from a single metacentric chromosome.


pennigerous

From Latin penniger, from penna (“feather”) + gerere (“to bear”), + -ous.

(zoology, dated) Bearing feathers or quills.


basifugal

a basifugal growth

(botany) Tending or proceeding away from the base.


implacental

(zoology, archaic) Not having a placenta (said of e.g. marsupials and monotremes).


implacental

(zoology, archaic) A mammal having no placenta.


myochrome

(biochemistry) A coloured albuminous substance in the serum from red-coloured muscles, identical with hemoglobin.


MDNA

mitochondrial DNA
mitochondrial DNA#English

(genetics) Alternative spelling of mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA)


GNA

glycol nucleic acid
glycol nucleic acid#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of glycol nucleic acid.


glycol nucleic acid

glycol nucleic acid (plural glycol nucleic acids)

(biochemistry) A synthetic nucleic acid; an analogue of DNA in which the sugar backbone is glycerol or a related glycol


peptide nucleic acid

peptide nucleic acid (plural peptide nucleic acids)

(biochemistry) A synthetic organic polymer similar to DNA or RNA; the sugar backbone of nucleic acids is replaced by N-(2-aminoethyl)-glycine linked through peptide bonds - considered a possible precursor to RNA


locked nucleic acid

locked nucleic acid (plural locked nucleic acids)

(biochemistry, genetics) a synthetic form of RNA, in which the ribose is modified to be locked into a specific conformation by adding extra chemical bonding.


BNA

bridged nucleic acid
bridged nucleic acid#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of bridged nucleic acid.


threonucleic acid

threonucleic acid (plural threonucleic acids)


pistilliferous

en-adj

pistilliferous (comparative more pistilliferous, superlative most pistilliferous)

more pistilliferous (comparative)
most pistilliferous (superlative)

From pistil + -i- + -ferous; compare French pistillifère.


tylarus

From New Latin tylarus, from Ancient Greek τυλάριον (tulárion, “cushion”).

der

(zoology) One of the pads on the undersurface of the toes of birds.


tenuirostral

en-adj

tenuirostral (comparative more tenuirostral, superlative most tenuirostral)

more tenuirostral (comparative)
most tenuirostral (superlative)

The tenuirostral birds include the hummingbirds.


truttaceous

truttaceous (comparative more truttaceous, superlative most truttaceous)

more truttaceous (comparative)
most truttaceous (superlative)

Latin trutta (“trout”), Latin tructa. See trout.

(zoology, archaic) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a trout.


septicidal

From septum + Latin caedere (“to cut”). Compare French septicide.

(botany) Exhibiting or relating to a method of dehiscence in which a pod splits through the partitions and is divided into its component carpels.


formicaroid

formicaroid (comparative more formicaroid, superlative most formicaroid)

more formicaroid (comparative)
most formicaroid (superlative)

formicaroid bird

(zoology, archaic) Like or pertaining to the family Formiicaridae of antthrushes.


ovicell

Moreover, the lepralielliform ovicell, in which the ectooecium is entirely calcified though perforated by numerous pseudopores, precludes these species from being affiliated with taxa having a microporelliform ovicell, in which the ectooecium is uncalcified.

2015 October 22, “Diversity and Systematics of Schizomavella Species (Bryozoa: Bitectiporidae) from the Bathyal NE Atlantic”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(zoology) One of the dilatations of the body wall of Bryozoa in which the ova sometimes undergo the first stages of their development


mitome

From Ancient Greek μίτος (mítos, “a thread”) + -ωμα (-ōma). According to the OED, the functional origin of -ome.

(biology) The denser part of the protoplasm of a cell.


heterocephalous

(botany) Bearing two kinds of head or capitula; said of certain composite plants.


ptenoglossate

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the Ptenoglossa.


pseudorhabdite

(zoology) One of the rod-like corpuscles found in the integument of certain Turbellaria, filled with a soft granular substance.


macroamylase

[To our knowledge, the simultaneous presence of macroamylase and macrolipase in the same patient has been previously reported in only four cases. Interestingly, two of those patients had celiac disease. If macroamylase and macrolipase are present, the possibility of celiac disease should be considered.]

2003, Oita T, Yamashiro A, Mizutani F, Tamura A, Sakizono K, Okada A, “[Simultaneous presence of macroamylase and macrolipase in a patient with celiac disease]”, in Rinsho Byori [Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology], volume 51, number 10, →PMID, pages 974–977:

(biochemistry) A high-molecular weight form (that is, a macroenzyme form) of amylase that is bound as a complex to a globulin and is therefore not excreted in the urine.


macrobenthos

(biology) benthic organisms that are big enough to be seen with the naked eye


testicond

From Latin testis (“testis”) + condere (“to hide”).

testicond mammals

Although the testes of some mammals, such as elephants and manatees, are also testicond, in most mammals the testes migrate downward, or descend, as the embryo develops.

2009, Bruce D. Olsen, Understanding Human Anatomy Through Evolution:

(zoology) Having the testicles naturally concealed within the abdomen, such as in the case of the cetaceans.


rhopalium

From New Latin rhopalium, from Ancient Greek ῥοπαλιον (rhopalion), diminutive of ῥόπαλον (rhópalon, “club”).

(zoology) One of the small sensory tentacular structures of various jellyfish species.


strigillose

strigillose (comparative more strigillose, superlative most strigillose)

more strigillose (comparative)
most strigillose (superlative)

(botany) Set with stiff, slender bristles.


proscolex

From New Latin proscōlēx, from Ancient Greek προ- (pro-) + σκώληξ (skṓlēx).

(zoology) An early larval form of a trematode worm; a redia.


amphibolic

amphibolic (comparative more amphibolic, superlative most amphibolic)

more amphibolic (comparative)
most amphibolic (superlative)

(biochemistry) A biochemical pathway that involves both catabolism and anabolism.


nectocalyx

(zoology) The swimming bell or umbrella of a jellyfish or medusa.

(zoology) One of the zooids of certain Siphonophorae, having somewhat the form, and the essential structure, of the bell of a jellyfish, and acting as a swimming organ.


palpiform

palpiform (comparative more palpiform, superlative most palpiform)

more palpiform (comparative)
most palpiform (superlative)

From palpus + -iform. Compare French palpiforme.

palpiform appendages

palpiform joint

palpiform proboscis

(archaic, entomology) Having the form of a palpus.


phyllodium

From New Latin phyllōdium, from Ancient Greek φυλλώδης (phullṓdēs, “leaflike”).


rostellate

(botany) Having a rostellum, or small beak; terminating in a beak.


palmatilobed

Latin palmatus (“palmate”) + English lobed.

(botany) Palmate, with the divisions separated less than halfway to the common centre.


vermetus

From translingual Vermetus, from Latin vermis (“worm”).

(zoology) Any of the many species of marine gastropods belonging to Vermetus and allied genera, of the family Vermetidae.


cytococcus

from the mixture of the two forms the parent-kernel (cytococcus) seems to originate

1874, Ernst Haeckel, The Evolution of Man:

After fertilization, cytococci divided speedily and free edosmosis with nuclei formed, started the growth of the embryo.

1991, Pang-yen Huang, Bangyan Huang, Qian Yang, editors, Proceedings of the International Citrus Symposium: Guangzhou, China, Nov. 5-8, 1990, International Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 524:

(biology) The nucleus of the cytula or parent cell.


ensate

en-adj

ensate (comparative more ensate, superlative most ensate)

more ensate (comparative)
most ensate (superlative)

From New Latin ensatus, from Latin ensis (“sword”).

(botany, zoology) Having sword-shaped leaves or appendages.


areolet

Diminutive of Latin areola. See -et, -let.

(zoology) A small enclosed area, especially one of the small spaces on the wings of insects, circumscribed by the veins.


naphthylamidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a naphthylamide, especially one of an amino acid


trochosphere

(zoology) A young larval form of many annelids, mollusks, and bryozoans, in which a circle of cilia is developed around the anterior end.


heteromorphous

heteromorphous (comparative more heteromorphous, superlative most heteromorphous)

more heteromorphous (comparative)
most heteromorphous (superlative)

heteromorphous muscle


placoganoid

(zoology, obsolete) Relating to the Placoganoidei, apparently a synonym of Placodermi.


tentaculocyst

(zoology) One of the auditory organs of certain medusae.


lirelliform

lirelliform (comparative more lirelliform, superlative most lirelliform)

more lirelliform (comparative)
most lirelliform (superlative)
lirellaeform (alternative)


homocerebrin

(biochemistry, dated) A body similar to, or identical with, cerebrin.


induplicative

From induplicate + -ive; compare duplicative.

(botany) Having induplicate sepals or petals in aestivation.

(botany) Having induplicate leaves in vernation.


crossability

en-noun

crossability (usually uncountable, plural crossabilities)

(biology) The ability of different species to cross-breed or cross-fertilize.


crinoidal

crinoidal limestone

crinoidal remains

(zoology) Relating to, consisting of, or containing crinoids.


multisiliquous

en-adj

multisiliquous (comparative more multisiliquous, superlative most multisiliquous)

more multisiliquous (comparative)
most multisiliquous (superlative)

(botany, archaic) Having many pods or seed vessels.


siliculose

siliculose (comparative more siliculose, superlative most siliculose)

more siliculose (comparative)
most siliculose (superlative)

(botany) Relating to, or resembling, silicles.


nDNA

en-noun

nDNA (countable and uncountable, plural nDNAs)

nDNAs (plural)
ncDNA (alternative)
nucDNA (alternative)

(genetics) nuclear DNA (the DNA found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells)


nRNA

(genetics) nuclear RNA (the RNA found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells)


deoxyribose nucleic acid

deoxyribose nucleic acid (plural deoxyribose nucleic acids)

deoxyribose nucleic acids (plural)
desoxyribose nucleic acid (alternative)

deoxyribonucleic acid
deoxyribonucleic acid

(genetics, archaic) deoxyribonucleic acid


ribose nucleic acid

ribose nucleic acid (plural ribose nucleic acids)


desoxyribose nucleic acid

desoxyribose nucleic acid (plural desoxyribose nucleic acids)

deoxyribonucleic acid
deoxyribonucleic acid#English

(genetics) Archaic form of deoxyribonucleic acid.


desoxyribose

(biochemistry) Alternative spelling of deoxyribose


threonucleic

(biochemistry) Pertaining to a cell nucleus and being based on threose.


epipetric

Many ferns are epipetric, including the spleenworts.


paradoxid

(paleontology) Any of the genus Paradoxides of large trilobites.


arenicolite

From Latin arena (“sand”) + colere (“to cherish or live”); and see -ite.

(paleontology) A wormhole or other burrowing tunnel preserved in sandstone or another rock.


haemaphaein

Vogel says, "The yellowish-green tint of the serum may be dependant on the brown colouring matter of healthy blood, which was first described by Simon, and received the name of Haemaphaein from that chemist. Nitric acid will serve to prevent its being mistaken for bile pigment.

1853 July, Alexander King, “Article I. Case of Chloroma”, in The Monthly journal of medical science, volume 8, number 43, page 103:

(biochemistry) A brownish pigment found in blood; The heme portion of hemoglobin.


polyallelism

(genetics) The presence of multiple alleles at a genetic locus


polyallelic

(genetics) Having multiple alleles at a genetic locus


anisomerous

Tamarix flowers are anisomerous ( a flower having an unequal number of petals, stamens , or other floral parts). It is possible to find in one raceme anisomerous flowers with different numbers of sepals, petals, stamens, and so on, without any numerical correlation between the organs.

2019, Amram Eshel, Chingiz Alekperov, Dafna Langgut, and Israel Oren, “Pollen Morphology of the Genus Tamarix in Israel”, in Bilquees Gul, Benno Böer, M. Ajmal Khan, editor, Sabkha Ecosystems: Volume VI: Asia/Pacific, page 468:

Fertile stamens anisomerous or twice or thrice the number of the petals

2024, Joseph Dalton Hooker, The Flora of British India: Vol. I, page 573:

A plant with four petals and six stamens is anisomerous.

(botany) Having the number of floral organs unequal.


syringeal

the syringeal muscle


pinnatilobate

(botany) Having lobes arranged in a pinnate manner.


coronamen

(zoology) The upper margin of a hoof; a coronet.


chylify

en-verb

chylify (third-person singular simple present chylifies, present participle chylifying, simple past and past participle chylified)

chylifies (present singular third-person)
chylifying (participle present)
chylified (participle past)
chylified (past)

(biochemistry, transitive) To make chyle of.

(biochemistry, intransitive) To be converted into chyle.


gnathite

(zoology) Any of the mouth appendages of the Arthropoda.


corneocalcareous

(rare, zoology) Formed of a mixture of horny and calcareous materials, like some shells and corals.


petiolulate

From petiolule + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).


ganoidal

(zoology, obsolete) Relating or belonging to the ganoids.


anhistous

From an- + Ancient Greek ἱστός (histós, “web, tissue”) -ous.

der

an anhistous membrane


culmiferous

en-adj

culmiferous (comparative more culmiferous, superlative most culmiferous)

more culmiferous (comparative)
most culmiferous (superlative)

culmiferous plant


peptonoid

(biochemistry) A substance related to peptone.


cycadaceous

cycadaceous (comparative more cycadaceous, superlative most cycadaceous)

more cycadaceous (comparative)
most cycadaceous (superlative)

The sago palm is a cycadaceous plant.

After a few hundred yards of thick forest, containing many trees which were quite unknown to me, but which Summerlee, who was the botanist of the party, recognized as forms of conifera and of cycadaceous plants which have long passed away in the world below, we entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

(botany, relational) Relating to, or resembling, the Cycadaceae, a family of plants like the palms but with exogenous wood.


infuscated

infuscated (comparative more infuscated, superlative most infuscated)

more infuscated (comparative)
most infuscated (superlative)


palpigerous

in their eyes usually on a moveable footstalk ; their palpigerous mandibles ; and their four antennæ

1818, William Kirby, William Spence, An Introduction To Entomology: Or, Elements Of The Natural History Of Insects:


ubisemiquinone

(biochemistry) The semiquinone derived from ubiquinone


protocercal

(zoology) Having a caudal fin extending around the end of the vertebral column, like that which is first formed in the embryo of fishes; diphycercal.


gradatory

gradatory (comparative more gradatory, superlative most gradatory)

more gradatory (comparative)
most gradatory (superlative)

Under this name we group together a large number of very similar forms; or if dissimilar, forms connected by gradatory specimens

1897, John van Denburgh, The Reptiles of the Pacific Coast and Great Basin:

(zoology) Suitable for walking, or able to walk (said of an animal, especially a bird, or of the limbs of an animal when adapted for walking on land).


xylanohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of xylan


zooagglutinin

(biochemistry) An agglutinin protein present in some venoms


zoogonous

(zoology) That gives birth to live offspring (rather than laying eggs)

(botany, of seeds or fruit) That sprout before they fall


zoophaga

New Latin, from Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”) + φαγεῖν (phageîn, “to eat”)

(zoology) An artificial group comprising various carnivorous and insectivorous animals.


zoosterol

(biochemistry) Any sterol found in animal tissue


acromegaloidism

Acromegaly is usually not a difficult condition to diagnose once the possibility of this disease has been raised. However, a few conditions present with some aspects of acromegaly or gigantism but without growth hormone (GH) excess. Such cases are described as "pseudoacromegaly" or "acromegaloidism".

2017, Dahlqvist P, Spencer R, Marques P, Dang MN, Glad CAM, Johannsson G, Korbonits M, “Pseudoacromegaly: a differential diagnostic problem for acromegaly with a genetic solution”, in J Endocr Soc, volume 1, number 8, →DOI, →PMID, pages 1104–1109:

(biology, medicine) A condition with appearance/clinical presentation similar or identical to that of acromegaly, but with distinct pathophysiology.


petaurine

(zoology) Relating to the possum family Petauridae.


petaurine

The karyotypes of petaurines […]

1987, Fauna of Australia, volume 1, page 674:

(zoology) A possum from the taxonomic family Petauridae.


leading strand

(genetics) The strand of DNA that is synthesized during replication

前导链

a strand of new DNA which is synthesized in the same direction as the growing replication fork


lagging strand

(genetics) The strand of DNA that is replicated from the 5' to the 3' direction.

后随链

a strand of new DNA whose direction of synthesis is opposite to the direction of the growing replication fork


conservative model

en-noun

conservative model (plural conservative models)

(genetics) A model of DNA replication that leaves intact the original DNA molecule.


dispersive model

dispersive model (plural dispersive models)

(genetics) A model of DNA replication in which two new DNA molecules are produced containing regions of either both original, or both new, strands.


reading frame

(genetics) Any of three possible sequences of codons in which an RNA sequence could be translated.


template strand

template strand (plural template strands)

(genetics) The noncoding strand of a DNA molecule that is used as a template for RNA synthesis


primary transcript

primary transcript (plural primary transcripts)

(genetics) The RNA molecule that is produced by transcription of DNA, before splicing or polyadenylation


minimal medium

(biology) The simplest tissue culture medium (containing the minimum of nutrients) that would support the proliferation of cells


DNA ligase

(biochemistry) Any of several enzymes that repair single-stranded discontinuities in double-stranded DNA


inferobranchiate

(zoology, archaic, said of some mollusks) Having the gills on the sides of the body, under the margin of the mantle; belonging to the Inferobranchiata.


Bojanus organ

From the name of the discoverer, Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus.

(zoology) A glandular organ of bivalve mollusks, serving in part as a kidney.


plurifoliolate

en-adj

plurifoliolate (comparative more plurifoliolate, superlative most plurifoliolate)

more plurifoliolate (comparative)
most plurifoliolate (superlative)


genomic equivalence

(genetics) The concept that all cells in an organism contain identical genes.


panicled

(botany, archaic) Furnished with, or arranged in, panicles; paniculate.


cytofluorometer

(cytology) A device used in cytofluorometry


cytofluorometry

(cytology) A technique used to separate cells (or chromosomes) via fluorescent markers


selachoid

selachoid (comparative more selachoid, superlative most selachoid)

more selachoid (comparative)
most selachoid (superlative)

(zoology) Resembling the Selachii (sharks).


syndactyle

(zoology, archaic) Any bird with syndactylous feet.


endothorax

The endothorax in the mesothelium does not have a small thorn, with an irregular pectinate tooth in the second to seventh segments of the posterior edge of the abdomen

2018, Ying-Kun Huang, Wen-Feng Li, Rong-Yue Zhang, Color Illustration of Diagnosis and Control for Modern Sugarcane Diseases, Pests, and Weeds:

(entomology) An internal processes of the thorax.


epithema

From New Latin epithema, from Ancient Greek ἐπίθεμα (epíthema, “lid, cover”).

der

(zoology) A horny excrescence on the top of the beak of some birds, notably the hornbill.


hyperactivate

en-verb

hyperactivate (third-person singular simple present hyperactivates, present participle hyperactivating, simple past and past participle hyperactivated)

hyperactivates (present singular third-person)
hyperactivating (participle present)
hyperactivated (participle past)
hyperactivated (past)

(biology) To cause or undergo hyperactivation


nonexpressing

(biochemistry) That does not translate or transcribe nucleic acid


anthophore

(botany) The stipe when developed into an internode between calyx and corolla, as in the pink family.

antóforo

the stipe when developed into an internode between calyx and corolla


terabase

(genetics) An amount of genetic sequence data equivalent to 10¹² base pairs


TATA box

Wikiversity TATA box (canonical)
TATA boxes (plural)

From the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TATA(A/T)A(A/T)-3'.

(genetics) A DNA sequence (cis-regulatory element) found in the promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes.


transcription factor

en-noun

transcription factor (plural transcription factors)

(molecular biology, genetics) A protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the flow (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to mRNA.


alternative RNA splicing

(genetics) A process by which the exons of the RNA produced by transcription of a gene (a primary gene transcript or pre-mRNA) are reconnected in multiple ways during RNA splicing, so as to allow production of multiple forms of protein from one gene.


exon shuffling

exon shuffling (usually uncountable, plural exon shufflings)

(genetics) The proposed mixing of different exons either within a gene or between two nonallelic genes.


trypanolytic

en-adj

trypanolytic (comparative more trypanolytic, superlative most trypanolytic)

more trypanolytic (comparative)
most trypanolytic (superlative)

(biochemistry) That destroys trypanosomes


trypanolysis

(biochemistry) The destruction of trypanosomes


calycular

calycular (comparative more calycular, superlative most calycular)

more calycular (comparative)
most calycular (superlative)

calycular bract

calycular cavity

(botany) Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, a calycle or its bracts.


desmognathous

(zoology, obsolete) belonging to a former taxonomic group of carinate birds (Desmognathae), having the maxillopalatine bones united


spermophore

(zoology) rare spelling of spermatophore


amentiform

amentiform (comparative more amentiform, superlative most amentiform)

more amentiform (comparative)
most amentiform (superlative)

The inflorescence in these associated genera is in (catkins, or) amentiform regimes.

1835, Gilbert Thomas Burnett, Outlines of Botany, page 396:

Data-Palms (Coryphaceae). Trees; leaves clustered, terminal' infolorescence not in amentiform racemes; stamens hypogynous or perigynous, 6-9-12;

1854, Arthur Adams, A Manual of Natural History for the Use of Travellers, page 513:


podosperm

From podo- + Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”). Compare French podosperme.


libriform

libriform (comparative more libriform, superlative most libriform)

more libriform (comparative)
most libriform (superlative)

The unseptate fibres, the true libriform cells, are only sparingly pitted, except in a few species like Oleander, where they are pitted on both the radial and tangential walls

1885, George Lincoln Goodale, Physiological Botany:

(botany) Resembling or having the form of liber, or bast


glandulation

[…]their placentation , rooting , branching , intorsion , budding , leafing , stipulation , pubescence , glandulation , lactescence , florescence , & c .

1793, Thomas Martyn, The Language of Botany:

Glandulation respects the secretory vessels, which are either glandules, follicles, or utricles.

1806, James Lee, An Introduction to Botany:

(botany) The situation and structure of the secretory vessels in plants.


curvicaudate

curvicaudate (comparative more curvicaudate, superlative most curvicaudate)

more curvicaudate (comparative)
most curvicaudate (superlative)

Latin curvus (“bent”) + English caudate.

(zoology) Having a curved or crooked tail.


biostatics

(biology) The science of the structure and function of organic bodies


inadherent

an inadherent intestine

(botany, anatomy) Free; not connected with the other organs.


epimere

Four pairs of the leg epimeres are distinctly divided by a sejugal interval into two groups.

1978, Acta Universitatis Carolinae: Biologica:

The mesoderm next becomes differentiated into three regions: a dorsal region, called the epimere, which lies to each side of the neural tube; a middle region called the mesomere or nephrotome, situated lateral and ventral to the epimere

1922, Libbie Hyman, Hyman's Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy:

(biology) One of the segments of the transverse axis, or the so-called homonymous parts; as, for example, one of the several segments of the extremities in vertebrates, or one of the similar segments in plants, as in a segmented leaf.


branchiostegal

Ancient Greek βράγχιον (bránkhion, “gill (used in the plural)”) + στέγω (stégō, “cover”) + -al

uder

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the operculum that covers the gill slits of fish


branchiogenic

(zoology) That originates in the branchial arches


branchial arch

en-noun

branchial arch (plural branchial arches)

(zoology, fish anatomy) Any of a series of bony looped structures which support the gills of fish; any of the pharyngeal arches in a fish embryo.

Kiemenbogen

bony looped structure supporting the gills


intorsion

From Latin intortio (“a curling, crisping”). Compare French intorsion. See intort, and compare intortion.

(botany) The bending or twining of any part of a plant toward one side or the other, or in any direction from the vertical.


branchiomere

(zoology) The embryonic structure that develops into the branchial arch


branchiomerism

(zoology) The state of being formed of branchiate segments.


aggrecanase

(biochemistry) Any of a group of proteolytic enzymes that act on aggrecans

agrecanase

proteolytic enzyme that acts on aggrecans


branchiomotor

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the movement of the gills or the muscles of the branchial arches


agranulocyte

(biochemistry) Any of several kinds of white blood cell characterised by the absence of granules in the cytoplasm.

agranulocita

white blood cell characterised by the absence of granules in its cytoplasm


methylglyoxalase

lactoylglutathione lyase
lactoylglutathione lyase

(biochemistry) The enzyme lactoylglutathione lyase.


agaropectin

(biochemistry) A heterogeneous mixture of smaller molecules making up the part of agar that is not agarose.


allantoinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that produces allantoate as part of purine metabolism.


alkylacetylglycerophosphatase

(biochemistry) One of the hydrolase enzymes that act on phosphoric monoester bonds.


(biochemistry) One of the hydrolase enzymes that act on phosphoric diester bonds.


aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase

(biochemistry) An oxidoreductase enzyme whose products are ethylene, cyanide, dehydroascorbate, carbon dioxide, and water.


Jurkat cell

The Jurkat cell line was established in the late 1970s from the peripheral blood of a 14-year-old boy with T-cell leukemia.

(biology) One of an immortalized line of T cells used in genetic research.


jimpy

When cerebellar tissues from normal and Jimpy are grown on the same slide in a common medium, no mutual effects can be observed: the Jimpy does not myelinate, and the normal does not stop myelination.

1973, Norbert N. Herschkowitz, “Chapter 4: Genetic Disorders of Brain Development: Animal Models”, in Gerald E. Gaull, editor, Biology of Brain Dysfunction: Volume 2, Plenum Press, page 172:

1999, Klaus-Armin Nave, Chapter 2: X-Linked Dysmyelination: Mouse Models of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease, Brian Popko (editor), Mouse Models in the Study of Genetic Neurological Disorders, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, page 29,
The jimpy phenotype is marked by a CNS-specific dysmyelination and has provided an authentic animal model for PMD (Sidman et al., 1964). Typically, 50% of the male progeny of jimpy carrier females are affected, whereas the heterozygous carrier female itself is unaffected.

(biology) A sex-linked mutation in mice that causes severe hypomyelination in males.


jimpy

(biology) Of, pertaining to, carrying or affected by the mutation.


aminohydrolase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that acts upon an amino group.


creatinase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme involved in arginine and proline metabolism.


ureohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any of various hydrolase enzymes involved in arginine/agmatine metabolism, the urea cycle, histidine degradation, and other pathways.


allantoicase

allantoicase (usually uncountable, plural allantoicases)

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that participates in purine metabolism by facilitating the utilization of purines as secondary nitrogen sources under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

alantoicase

a hydrolase enzyme that participates in purine metabolism


guanidinopropionase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme whose substrates are 3-guanidinopropanoate and water and whose products are beta-alanine and urea.


dihydrouracil

(biochemistry) An intermediate in the catabolism of uracil.


dihydropyrimidinase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme, 5,6-dihydropyrimidine amidohydrolase.


carnosine

(biochemistry) A dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine, highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues.


agmatinase

(biochemistry) Any of a group of hydrolase enzymes that catalyze the reaction of agmatine and water into putrescine and urea.


methylguanidinase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of methylguanidine and water into methylamine and urea.


kistrin

(biochemistry) A particular disintegrin.


obtustatin

obtustatin (usually uncountable, plural obtustatins)


diguanidinobutanase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of 1,4-diguanidinobutane and water into agmatine and urea.


guanidinoacetase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of guanidinoacetate and water into glycine and urea.


guanidinobutyrase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of 4-guanidinobutanoate and water into 4-aminobutanoate and urea.


amidinoaspartase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of N-amidino-L-aspartate and water into L-aspartate and urea.


kievitone

(biochemistry) A complex prenylated isoflavanol.


isoflavane

(biochemistry) Any of a certain class of isoflavonoids


equol

(biochemistry) An isoflavandiol metabolized from daidzein by bacterial flora in the intestines.


anemophily

From anemo- (“wind”) + -phily (“liking for”).

(botany) A form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind.


azurin

azurin (countable and uncountable, plural azurins)

(biochemistry) The enzyme, arsenate reductase


avenin

(biochemistry) A prolamine that is the minor protein of oats.


gastricsin

(biochemistry) An aspartic proteinase of the peptidase family A1 which is a digestive enzyme produced in the stomach and constitutes a major component of the gastric mucosa.


urethanase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of urethane and water into ethanol, carbon dioxide, and ammonia.


glyoxisome

(biochemistry) A specialized peroxisome found in plants and filamentous fungi, in which the fatty acids are hydrolyzed to acetyl-CoA by peroxisomal β-oxidation enzymes.


arcuation

arcuation (countable and uncountable, plural arcuations)

flowering Shrubs, which are propagated or raised by Arcuation, or laying

(botany) A method of propagating trees by bending branches to the ground and covering the small shoots with earth; layering.


deoperculate

(botany) Having the lid removed; said of the capsules of mosses.


protomorphic

1864-1898, Herbert Spencer, Principles of Biology
That is to say , the contact of this deep - seated tissue with outer agencies, produces in it some approach towards that composition which we find universally characterizes outer - tissue - a protomorphic layer which differentiates in opposite directions.

(biology) Having the most primitive character; in the earliest form.


tegular

en-adj

tegular (comparative more tegular, superlative most tegular)

more tegular (comparative)
most tegular (superlative)

From Latin tēgulāris, from tēgula (“a tile”). See tile.


cercal

From Ancient Greek κέρκος (kérkos, “tail”) + -al. Compare cercus, from the same source but with a divergent meaning.


mycothrix

(biology, obsolete) The chain of micrococci formed by the division of the micrococci in multiplication.


psarolite

From ψάρος (psáros, “speckled”) + -lite.

(paleontology) A silicified stem of tree fern, found in abundance in the Triassic sandstone.


vimineous

vimineous (comparative more vimineous, superlative most vimineous)

more vimineous (comparative)
most vimineous (superlative)

From Latin vimineus, from vimen (“pliant twig”).

(botany) Producing long, slender shoots or twigs.


repullulation

en-noun

repullulation (countable and uncountable, plural repullulations)

(botany) A second or subsequent budding.


antipeptone

(biochemistry) A product of gastric and pancreatic digestion, differing from hemipeptone in not being decomposed by the continued action of pancreatic juice.


eryngium

(botany) Any of the genus Eryngium of umbelliferous plants resembling thistles.


peptonize

en-verb

peptonize (third-person singular simple present peptonizes, present participle peptonizing, simple past and past participle peptonized)

peptonizes (present singular third-person)
peptonizing (participle present)
peptonized (participle past)
peptonized (past)

(physiology, biochemistry) To convert a protein into peptones under the influence of the enzyme pepsin.


primulin

en-noun

primulin (usually uncountable, plural primulins)

(biochemistry) An anthocyanin, the 3-galactoside of malvidin, found in Primula sinensis.


oenin

(biochemistry) An anthocyanin, the 3-glucoside of malvidin and the red pigment in red wine.


malvin

(biochemistry) An anthocyanin, a diglucoside of malvidin, found in very many foods.


malvidin

malvidin (countable and uncountable, plural malvidins)

(biochemistry) An O-methylated anthocyanidin that is a primary plant pigment.


trochite

(paleontology) A wheel-like joint of the stem of a fossil crinoid.


incanous

en-adj

incanous (comparative more incanous, superlative most incanous)

more incanous (comparative)
most incanous (superlative)

From Latin incanus, from in- (“in”) + canus (“hoary”).

(botany, dated) Hoary with a white pubescence.


aristulate

aristulate (comparative more aristulate, superlative most aristulate)

more aristulate (comparative)
most aristulate (superlative)


metasternum

(entomology) The ventral sclerite (or exoskeletal plate) of the metathorax of insects.


parapetalous

parapetalous multiplication

parapetalous stamens

parapetalous staminodes

(botany) Growing, or occurring, by the side of a petal.


formicid

(zoology) Any member of the ant family Formicidae.


homodynamous

successive or homodynamous parts in plants and animals

(biology) Pertaining to, or involving, homodynamy.


endostyle

(zoology) A longitudinal ciliated groove on the ventral wall of the pharynx which produces mucus to gather food particles, found in urochordates and cephalochordates and in the larvae of lampreys.


endopleura

(botany, archaic) tegmen (inner coating of a seed)


discina

(zoology) Any member of the brachiopod genus Discina.


plasmogamy

From plasma + -o- + -gamy (“union for propagation”).

af

(mycology) Stage of sexual reproduction joining the cytoplasm of two parent mycelia without the fusion of nuclei.


pulveraceous

en-adj

pulveraceous (comparative more pulveraceous, superlative most pulveraceous)

more pulveraceous (comparative)
most pulveraceous (superlative)


spermophyte

spermophytes (plural)
spermatophyte (alternative)
spermaphyte (alternative)

From Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”) + -phyte (“plant”).

(botany) Alternative form of spermatophyte


saurognathous

From Ancient Greek σαῦρος (saûros, “lizard”) + -gnathous.

(zoology) having the bones of the palate arranged as in saurians, the vomer consisting of two lateral halves, as in the woodpeckers


exsanguious

exsanguious (comparative more exsanguious, superlative most exsanguious)

more exsanguious (comparative)
most exsanguious (superlative)
exanguious (alternative)

From Latin exsanguis, from ex (“out”) + sanguis, sanguinis (“blood”). Compare exsanguineous.

Insects are exsanguious.


encephalous

(archaic, zoology, said of mollusks) Having a distinct head.


pterylosis

In a detailed study of the pterylosis of the genus Passer (with special emphasis on the house sparrow), Clench (1970) identified nine feather tracts: dorsal, scapulohumeral, femoral, ventral, lateral neck, capital, alar, crural, and caudal.

2006, Ted R. Anderson, Biology of the Ubiquitous House Sparrow:

(ornithology) The particular arrangement of feathers on a bird.


dikaryotic

(cytology, of a cell) Containing two nuclei.

In the substomatal chamber all the signals that regulate the interaction between fungus and host are present along the entire structure of the rust fungus, from the vesicle to the first haustorium which, in the dikaryotic stage, is the first intracellular structure (Mendgen et al., 1988; Heath, 1989, 1995).

2005, Ming Hao Pei, Alistair R. McCracken, editors, Rust Diseases of Willow and Poplar, CABI, →ISBN, page 170:


warning coloration

en-noun

warning coloration (countable and uncountable, plural warning colorations)

warning colorations (plural)
warning colouration (alternative)

(biology) A form of aposematism in which a prey organism has conspicuous colors which function in deterring predators from consuming it.


teredo

From Latin terēdō (“woodworm”), from Ancient Greek τερηδών (terēdṓn, “wood-worm”). Compare Ancient Greek: τέρην (térēn, “smooth, gentle”).

desc

Meet fell Teredo, as he mines the keel / With beaked head, and break his lips of steel […].

1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 123:

No timber that would stand the exposure to water as well as the ravages of white ants and the teredo, could be found.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 272:

(zoology) A mollusc of the genus Teredo, especially the shipworm, Teredo navalis.


club fungus

(mycology) Any member of certain species of Basidiomycota characterized by branched, club-shaped sporophores (basidia).


zygosporangium

(mycology) A sporangium which produces a single zygospore.


dehydration reaction

en-noun

dehydration reaction (plural dehydration reactions)

elimination reaction
elimination reaction

(biochemistry) An elimination reaction in which the small molecule removed is water


storage polysaccharide

storage polysaccharide (plural storage polysaccharides)

(biochemistry) Any polysaccharide that serves to store energy in plants (typically starch) or animals (typically glycogen)


structural polysaccharide

structural polysaccharide (plural structural polysaccharides)

(biochemistry) Any polysaccharide that serves to supply stiffness to a plant (typically cellulose) or insect etc (typically chitin)


tertiary structure

tertiary structure (plural tertiary structures)

(biochemistry, molecular biology) The manner in which the helices or sheets of a protein are folded to give a three-dimensional structure.


beta sheet

(biochemistry) A secondary structure in proteins consisting of multiple strands connected laterally.


quaternary structure

quaternary structure (plural quaternary structures)

(biochemistry, molecular biology) The arrangement of multiple folded or coiled proteins to form a multi-subunit complex.


redmouth

(zoology) Applied to various fishes with a bright red mouth.


eccritic

eccritic temperature


ecthoreum

From Ancient Greek ἐκθορέω (ekthoréō, “to leap out”), from θρῴσκω (thrṓiskō, “jump”), + -eum.

der

(zoology) The slender, hollow thread of a nettling cell or cnida.


glossology

en-noun

glossology (countable and uncountable, plural glossologies)

/ɡlɔˈsɑləd͡ʒi/

From Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “tongue; language”) + -ology.

der

A plant in flower, surveyed externally, may be perceived to be composed of a variety of obvious parts, such as the root, the stem, the branch, the leaf, the flower, the fruit, and perhaps the seed; and other parts less obvious, as buds, prickles, tendils, hairs, glands, &c. These, with their modifications, and all the relative circumstances which enter into the botanical description of a plant, constitute the subject of glossology, the details of which, involving the definition of some hundreds of terms, are here omitted; because to those conversant to them it would be of little use, and those who have them still to learn will find it more convenient to have recourse to some elementary work, where most of them are illustrated by figures.

1824, J[ohn] C[laudius] Loudon, “Glossology, or the Names of the Parts of Plants”, in An Encyclopædia of Gardening; Comprising the Theory and Practice of Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboriculture, and Landscape-gardening, including All the Latest Improvements; a General History of Gardening in All Countries; and a Statistical View of Its Present State, with Suggestions for Its Future Progress, in the British Isles, 2nd enlarged edition, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC, page 122:

I beg leave to differ from you in printing the etymology of names that are from the Greek in English, and not in Greek letters. I think they would answer the end in view much better if they were in Greek characters; it would be far more conducive to a general knowledge of botanical glossology, and a greater stimulus to the student.

1827 August 17, J. P., “Art. VIII. Retrospective Criticism.”, in J[ohn] C[laudius] Loudon, editor, The Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Rural & Domestic Improvement, volume III, number 11, London: Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, Paternoster-Row, published January 1828, →OCLC, part III (Miscellaneous Intelligence), page 370:

In 1843 [Friedrich Traugott] Kützing published his "Phycologia Generalis", accompanied by eighty anatomical plates of unrivalled excellence and beauty. […] The chief excellencies of the book are its anatomical illustrations: its faults are, the needless alteration of established names; the introduction of unnecessary glossology; and the multiplication of Orders, genera, and species, many of them grouping together plants but little related, and others separating nearly allied species.

1852 July, William Henry Harvey, “Sub-class II. Rhodospermeæ, or Red Algæ”, in Nereis Boreali-Americana: Or, Contributions to a History of the Marine Algæ of North America (Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge; volume V, article 5), Washington, D.C.: Published by the Smithsonian Institution; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam & Co., published March 1853, →OCLC, pages 4–5:

Amongst the causes which have contributed to obscure this branch of Botany, we must especially allude to the prevalence of the habit indulged in by many authors of creating a special nomenclature without regard to that of their predecessors; the slightest structural modification is no sooner recognized than a new term is invented for it, so that the same organ has received several names; and, to add to the complication, the same name has been on several occasions applied to different organs. This redundant glossology which even [Carl] Linnæus termed a calamity ('Verbositas præsente seculo calamitas scientiæ') has always proved an obstacle to the progress of science.

1876, Emm[anuel] Le Maout, J[oseph] Decaisne, “Class III.—Acotyledons.”, in [Frances Harriet Henslow] Hooker, transl., edited by Jos[eph] D[alton] Hooker, A General System of Botany Descriptive and Analytical. In Two Parts. Part I.—Outlines of Organography, Anatomy, and Physiology. Part II.—Descriptions and Illustrations of the Orders, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, section XIV (Algæ, Jussieu, Agardh, Lamouroux, Kützing, &c.), page 983:


mesogastric

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the middle gastric lobe of the carapace of a crab.


microsthenic

en-adj

microsthenic (comparative more microsthenic, superlative most microsthenic)

more microsthenic (comparative)
most microsthenic (superlative)

(zoology, archaic, rare) Having a typically small size (used in the 19th century by James Dana to classify animals)


adenylosuccinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that converts adenylosuccinate to AMP and fumarate as part of the purine nucleotide cycle.


adenylosuccinate

adenylosuccinic acid
adenylosuccinic acid

(biochemistry) Any salt or ester of adenylosuccinic acid; an intermediate in the interconversion of the purine nucleotides IMP (inosine monophosphate) and AMP (adenosine monophosphate).


antiprogestin

Antiprogestins may stop some cancer cells from growing and they are being studied in the treatment of breast cancer.

(biochemistry) Any substance that prevents cells from making or using progesterone.

antiprogestina

any substance that prevents cells from making or using progesterone


annulose

annulose (comparative more annulose, superlative most annulose)

more annulose (comparative)
most annulose (superlative)

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the Annulosa.


dalatiid

(zoology) Any member of the shark family Dalatiidae.


calycle

From Latin calyculus (“small flower bud, calyx”), diminutive of calyx. See calyx and compare calicle.


encrinus

From translingual Encrinus, from Ancient Greek ἐν- (en-, “in”) + κρίνον (krínon, “lily”).

(dated, paleontology) Any of a genus Encrinus of fossil encrinoidea from the Mesozoic rocks.


morulation

(biology) The cleavage or segmentation of a zygote into a morula.


teleutospore

From Ancient Greek τελευτή (teleutḗ, “end”) + spore.

(botany) The thick-celled winter or resting spore of the rusts (order Uredinales), produced in late summer.


mesophyllum

See meso- (“middle”) and phyllo- (“leaf”).

(botany) The parenchyma of a leaf between the skin of the two surfaces


cephalomere

we would suggest that the head of Arthropoda be termed the Cephalosome , the cephalic segments cephalomere

1877, Alpheus Spring Packard, A Monograph of the Phyllopod Crustacea of North America:

(zoology) One of the somites (arthromeres) which make up the head of arthropods.


hox gene

(genetics) Any of the genes in the vertebrate homeobox.


hemerobiid

Recent hemerobiids (brown lacewings) are terrestrial insects and both adults and larvae prey on small soft-bodied arthropods.

1977, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History): Geology series, volume 33, page 259:

Hemerobiids often are active at relatively low temperatures; thus they can be useful as biological control agents in temperate regions early in the season when other natural enemies remain inactive.

2009, Catherine A. Tauber, Maurice J. Tauber, Gilberto S. Albuquerque, “Neuroptera (Lacewings, Antlions)”, in Vincent H. Resh, Ring T. Cardé, editors, Encyclopedia of Insects, page 705:

Coccinellid beetles and hemerobiids (brown lacewings), and other such predators are most likely to have a major impact on aphid densities.

2010, Claire Ozanne, “Chapter 9: Insect pests of some forest trees”, in Bryan G. Bowes, editor, Trees and Forests, page 180:

(zoology) Any insect of the brown lacewing family (Hemerobiidae).


induviate

en-adj

induviate (comparative more induviate, superlative most induviate)

more induviate (comparative)
most induviate (superlative)

The upper part of the trunk of a palm tree is induviate.


pseudembryo

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudembryo.wav

(zoology) An asexual form from which the true embryo is produced by budding.


perigenesis

(biology, historical) A theory which explains inheritance by the transmission of the type of growth force possessed by one generation to another.


apostatic

apostatic (comparative more apostatic, superlative most apostatic)

more apostatic (comparative)
most apostatic (superlative)
apostatical (alternative)

apostatic selection

(zoology) negative frequency-dependent; depending on being rare.


ananthous

From Ancient Greek ἀνανθής (ananthḗs, “flowerless”). By surface analysis, an- + -anthous.

der

(archaic, botany) Destitute of flowers; flowerless, nonflowering


somatocyst

(zoology) A cavity in the primary nectocalyx of certain Siphonophorae.


albication

(chiefly botany) The process of becoming white, or developing white patches or streaks, generally as a crop disease.


central dogma

(genetics, singular only) The principle that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.


turion

(botany) A bud, produced by some aquatic plants, that becomes detached and dormant until the following spring


ornithoidichnite

Regarding the names Ornithichnites , Ornithoidichnite , &c., as provisional merely , I now propose names for the animals that made the tracks

1855, Edward Hitchcock, Elementary Geology:

(paleontology, obsolete) A fossil track resembling that of a bird.


dichastic

From Ancient Greek διχάζω (dikházō) compare δίχα (díkha, “apart, asunder”).

(biology) Capable of subdividing spontaneously.


homotype

The right arm is the homotype of the right leg.

One arm is the homotype of the other.

humerus is the homotype of femur

1848, Richard Owen, On the Archetype and Homologies of the Vertebrate Skeleton:

(biology) That which has the same fundamental type of structure with something else.


petaliform

en-adj

petaliform (comparative more petaliform, superlative most petaliform)

more petaliform (comparative)
most petaliform (superlative)


sex ratio

(biology, sociology) The ratio of males to females in any given population.


carbohydrase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of polysaccharides into simple sugars

carbaihiodráis

any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of polysaccharides into simple sugars


calyptrolith

(biology) A coccolith that is in the form of a basket, often with an excrescence in its center.


nuclear envelope

en-noun

nuclear envelope (plural nuclear envelopes)


nuclear membrane

nuclear membrane (plural nuclear membranes)

(cytology) A double lipid bilayer that surrounds the nucleus in eukaryotic cells; it contains the genetic material (DNA).

kernemembran

double lipid bilayer surrounding genetic material in eukaryotic cells


cell sap

This region, which includes a transparent, or rarely colored, watery substance known as the cell sap, is called the vacuole, a term that comes from the Latin word for “empty.”

2009, Randy O. Wayne, Plant Cell Biology: From Astronomy to Zoology, page 101:

(biology) The liquid enclosed inside the vacuole of a plant cell.


transport vesicle

transport vesicle (plural transport vesicles)

(biology) a vesicle that transports molecules or nutrients within a cell


solpugid

(zoology) Any arachnid of the order Solifugae


secondary cell wall

secondary cell wall (plural secondary cell walls)

(biology) A structure situated between the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane of plant cells


primary cell wall

primary cell wall (plural primary cell walls)

(biology) The semipermeable outer cell wall of plant cells.


middle lamella

(biology) The intercellular material, composed mostly of pectin, that facilitates adhesion between neighbouring plant cells


moneran

monerans (plural)
monera (plural)
moneron (alternative)

(biology) Any organism of the former kingdom of Monera.


blastematic

(biology) Connected with, or proceeding from, the blastema; blastemal.


funiliform

en-adj

funiliform (comparative more funiliform, superlative most funiliform)

more funiliform (comparative)
most funiliform (superlative)

funiliform petals

funiliform racemes

The roots of some endogenous trees are funiliform.


radicel

(botany) A small branch of a root; a rootlet.


turbellaria

(zoology) Any member of Turbellaria; a flatworm.


multiradiate

multiradiate (comparative more multiradiate, superlative most multiradiate)

more multiradiate (comparative)
most multiradiate (superlative)


supraocular

supraocular scales of fishes and reptiles


supraocular

(zoology) One of the scales above the eyes.


urbilaterian

There is no fossil record to show that the urbilaterian existed. However, the echoes of the existence of this creature are recorded in stunning clarity in the genes of every living descendant, from fruit fly to spider to human.

2007, Aaron G. Filler, The Upright Ape: A New Origin of the Species, page 153:

2008, Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, Volume 363, Issues 1493-1496, page 1523,
This way, different aspects of the molecular architecture of the urbilaterian nervous system are reconstructed and yield insight into the degree of centralization that was in place in the bilaterian ancestors.

The competing hypotheses of simple and complex urbilaterians are still being debated at the time of writing.

2011, Wallace Arthur, Evolution: A Developmental Approach, unnumbered page:

(biology) The hypothetical last common ancestor to all bilaterians.


intermediate filament

en-noun

intermediate filament (plural intermediate filaments)

(biochemistry) Any of a family of twisted protein filaments intermediate in size between microfilaments and microtubules.


cytoplasmic streaming

(biology) actin-mediated movement of cytosol and organelles within large fungal and plant cells.


gap junction

(biology) A specialized connection between cells that allows for intercellular communication, or the transfer of low molecular-weight substances


motor protein

motor protein (countable and uncountable, plural motor proteins)

(biochemistry) Any of a class of proteins that are able to move on a suitable substrate, being powered by the hydrolysis of ATP, and are involved in the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work.


integral membrane protein

integral membrane protein (countable and uncountable, plural integral membrane proteins)

2000. Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. Section 3.4, Membrane Proteins. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21570/
Integral membrane proteins, also called intrinsic proteins, have one or more segments that are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.

(biochemistry) A protein (or assembly of proteins) that is permanently attached to a biological membrane.

integráns membránfehérje

protein that is permanently attached to a biological membrane


peripheral membrane protein

peripheral membrane protein (countable and uncountable, plural peripheral membrane proteins)

2000. Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. Section 3.4, Membrane Proteins. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21570/
Peripheral membrane proteins, or extrinsic proteins, do not interact with the hydrophobic core of the phospholipid bilayer.

Peripheral membrane proteins can attach to the surface of the plasmalemma by ionic interactions with an integral protein, another peripheral membrane protein, or by interaction with the polar head groups of the phospholipids.

2005, J. William Krause, Krause's Essential Human Histology for Medical Students, page 8:

(biochemistry) Any of a class of proteins that adhere only temporarily to the biological membrane with which they are associated.


metagnathous

/mɪˈtæɡnəθəs/

(zoology) having the mandibles crossing at the tip of the bill, as in the crossbill


totipalmate

From Latin totus (“all, whole”) + English palmate.

(zoology) Having all four toes united by a web, as in the pelican.


leucadendron

(botany) Any of the genus Leucadendron of evergreen shrubs or trees.


cycloganoid

(zoology) Any of the obsolete taxon Cycloganoidei, a group of fishes which included the bowfin.


patellula

patellula (plural patellulae or patellulæ)

(zoology) A cup-like sucker on the feet of certain insects.

(botany) A flat, disk-like structure found on some plants (especially bryophytes), algae, and fungi, often aiding in reproduction or attachment to substrates.


cannabinomimetic

(biochemistry) Having similar effects to those of cannabis.


phacellus

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek, meaning "bundle of faggots".

(zoology) One of the filaments on the inner surface of the gastric cavity of certain jellyfishes.


spathaceous

en-adj

spathaceous (comparative more spathaceous, superlative most spathaceous)

more spathaceous (comparative)
most spathaceous (superlative)

spathaceous bract

(botany) Having or resembling a spathe; spathal.


falconiform

(ornithology) Any falcon of the order Falconiformes


cordaite

(botany) A plant belonging to Cordaites, an extinct genus of gymnosperms with long, strap-shaped leaves.