ampelidaceous

From translingual Ampelidaceae (“former name of Vitaceae”) + -aceous, from Ancient Greek ἄμπελος (ámpelos, “grapevine”) + -ίδης (-ídēs, “-son, indicating a familial connection”) + -aceae (“-aceous, resembling”).

der

(botany, obsolete) Of or belonging to the Ampelidaceae (now Vitaceae).


ancylistaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Ancylistaceae.


ascoideaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Ascoideaceae.


ascosphaeraceous

From translingual Ascosphaeraceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Ascosphaeraceae.


asparagaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Asparagaceae.


aspidiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Aspidiaceae.


begoniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Begoniaceae.


bryaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Bryaceae.


cabombaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Cabombaceae of aquatic plants.


cainiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Cainiaceae.


caliciaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Caliciaceae.


calophyllaceous

From translingual Calophyllaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Calophyllaceae.


calycanthaceous

From translingual Calycanthaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Calycanthaceae.


calyceraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Calyceraceae.


camelliaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Camelliaceae.


cannabaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cannabaceae.


cannabinaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cannabinaceae.


cannaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cannaceae.


capnodiaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Capnodiaceae.


capparaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Capparaceae.


caricaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Caricaceae.


caryocaraceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Caryocaraceae of trees and shrubs of Central and South America.


cecropiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cecropiaceae.


celtidaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Celtidaceae.


chaconiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Chaconiaceae.


chaetomiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Chaetomiaceae.


characeous

(botany) Belonging to the family Characeae of green algae.


chlaenaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Chlaenaceae.


chloranthaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Chloranthaceae of fragrant trees and shrubs, the sole family in order Chloranthales.


chlorococcaceous

From translingual Chlorococcaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Chlorococcaceae.


choanephoraceous

From translingual Choanephoraceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Choanephoraceae.


cichoriaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cichoriaceae.


cladoniaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Cladoniaceae of fungi.


clavariaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Clavariaceae.


cleomaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cleomaceae.


codiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Codiaceae.


colchicaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Colchicaceae.


coleosporiaceous

From translingual Coleosporiaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Coleosporiaceae.


collemataceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Collemataceae.


commelinaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Commelinaceae.


coniophoraceous

From translingual Coniophoraceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Coniophoraceae.


connaraceous

/ˌkɒnəˈɹeɪʃəs/

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Connaraceae.


convulvulaceous

From translingual Convulvulaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Convulvulaceae.


coprinaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Coprinaceae.


corallinaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Corallinaceae.


cordiaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Cordiaceae in the order Boraginales.


coriariaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Coriariaceae.


corticiaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the Corticiaceae.


cortinariaceous

From translingual Cortinariaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Cortinariaceae.


corylaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Corylaceae.


crepidotaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Crepidotaceae.


cronartiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Cronartiaceae.


cruciferaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cruciferaceae.


crypteroniaceous

From translingual Crypteroniaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Crypteroniaceae.


cryptobasidiaceous

From translingual Cryptobasidiaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Cryptobasidiaceae.


cyatheaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Cyatheaceae, of certain plants.


cymodoceaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cymodoceaceae.


cyphellaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Cyphellaceae.


cytinaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cytinaceae.


dacrymycetaceous

From translingual Dacrymycetaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Dacrymycetaceae.


degeneriaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Degeneriaceae.


dennstaedtiaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Dennstaedtiaceae of ferns.


desmidiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Desmidiaceae.


diapensiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Diapensiaceae.


diaporthaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Diaporthaceae.


diatrypaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Diatrypaceae.


dicksoniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Dicksoniaceae.


dicranaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Dicranaceae.


didiereaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Didiereaceae.


didymellaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Didymellaceae.


dioncophyllaceous

From translingual Dioncophyllaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Dioncophyllaceae.


dipodascaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Dipodascaceae.


dipsacaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Dipsacaceae (now subfamily Dispsacoideae), including the teasels.


dipsaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Dipsaceae, including teasels.


dipteridaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Dipteridaceae.


dothideaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the Dothideaceae.


dothioraceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Dothioraceae.


dryadaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Dryadaceae.


ebenaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Ebenaceae.


ecdeiocoleaceous

From translingual Ecdeiocoleaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Ecdeiocoleaceae.


ehretiaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Ehretiaceae in order Boraginales.


elaeagnaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Elaeagnaceae.


elaeocarpaceous

From Elaeocarpaceae + -ous, equivalent to Elaeocarpus + -aceous.

(botany) Belonging to the Elaeocarpaceae.


elatinaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Elatinaceae.


empetraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Empetraceae.


encalyptaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Encalyptaceae.


endogonaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Endogonaceae.


endomycetaceous

From translingual Endomycetaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Endomycetaceae.


entolomataceous

From translingual Entolomataceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Entolomataceae.


epacridaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Epacridaceae.


ephedraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Ephedraceae.


eremolepidaceous

From translingual Eremolepidaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Eremolepidaceae.


eriocaulaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Eriocaulaceae.


erysiphaceous

Ascodesmis is a third type which might be derived either directly or through the erysiphaceous type from an endomycetous ancestor; the antheridium and oogonium are but little differentiated, but the latter is furnished with a trichogyne and becomes septate after fertilization; the ascogenous hyphae are few and the sheath simple.

2010, Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, Fungi: Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales, page 54:

(mycology) Belonging to the Erysiphaceae family of fungi.


eucommiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Eucommiaceae.


eucryphiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Eucryphiaceae.


eupomatiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Eupomatiaceae.


eupteleaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Eupteleaceae.


gigasporaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Gigasporaceae.


glomaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Glomaceae.


glomeraceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Glomeraceae.


gomphaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Gomphaceae.


gomphidiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Gomphidiaceae.


graphiolaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Graphiolaceae.


greyiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Greyiaceae.


grossulaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Grossulaceae (now family Grossulariaceae) of currants and gooseberries.


grossulariaceous

From translingual Grossulariaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Grossulariaceae.


grubbiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Grubbiaceae.


gyrostemonaceous

From translingual Gyrostemonaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Gyrostemonaceae.


haloragaceous

From translingual Haloragaceae + -ous, from New Latin Haloragis + -aceae, formed irregularly from Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls, “salt”) + ῥάξ (rháx, “berry”) (a Pre-Greek / Mediterranean loan).

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Haloragaceae.


haloragidaceous

From translingual Haloragidaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Haloragidaceae.


heliconiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Heliconiaceae.


helotiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Helotiaceae.


hemiphacidiaceous

From translingual Hemiphacidiaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Hemiphacidiaceae.


hericiaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the Hericiaceae.


hernandiaceous

(botany) Belonging to the Hernandiaceae.


hydnaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Hydnaceae.


hydrangeaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Hydrangeaceae.


anthocerotalean

(botany) Of or relating to the Anthocerotales.


hymenogastraceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Hymenogastraceae of fungi.


hypericaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Hypericaceae.


hypnaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Hypnaceae of mosses.


hypocreaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the Hypocreaceae.


hysteriaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Hysteriaceae.


laminariaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Laminariaceae.


laurinaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Laurinaceae.


lecanoraceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Lecanoraceae of lichenized fungi.


lecideaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Lecideaceae of cockleshell lichens.


lemnaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Lemnaceae.


lennoaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Lennoaceae in Boraginales.


leotiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Leotiaceae.


lepiotaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Lepiotaceae.


leucobryaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Leucobryaceae.


lichinaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Lichinaceae.


limeaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Limeaceae and its single genus Limeum.


linaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Linaceae.


lophosoriaceous

From translingual Lophosoriaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Lophosoriaceae.


lycoperdaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Lycoperdaceae.


lygodiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Lygodiaceae.


malaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Malaceae.


marattiaceous

(botany) Belonging to the form family Marattiaceae of extinct fossil ferns.


martyniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Martyniaceae.


matoniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Matoniaceae.


meliolaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Meliolaceae.


meruliaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Meruliaceae.


microascaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Microascaceae.


monotropaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Monotropaceae, now usually subfamily Monotropoideae in family Ericaceae, of mostly non-photosynthetic plants.


morchellaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Morchellaceae.


moringaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Moringaceae of moringa trees.


mucoraceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Mucoraceae.


mycenaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Mycenaceae.


myoporaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Myoporaceae.


myriangiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Myriangiaceae.


myricaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Myricaceae of bog myrtles and close relatives.


myristaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Myristaceae.


myristicaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Myristicaceae.


naiadaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Naiadaceae.


najadaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Najadaceae.


nautilaceous

(zoology, relational) Of or relating to the Nautilaceae.


nepenthaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Nepenthaceae of pitcher plants.


notothylaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Notothylaceae.


paeoniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Paeoniaceae.


pannariaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Pannariaceae.


paxillaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Paxillaceae.


pedaliaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Pedaliaceae.


phacidiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Phacidiaceae.


phaeosphaeriaceous

From translingual Phaeosphaeriaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Phaeosphaeriaceae.


phallaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Phallaceae.


phaseolaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Phaseolaceae.


philydraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Philydraceae.


phormiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Phormiaceae.


physciaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Physciaceae.


phytolaccaceous

(botany) Belonging to the Phytolaccaceae.


pilobolaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Pilobolaceae.


pinaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Pinaceae of conifers.


platanaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Platanaceae of plane trees.


pleuromeiaceous

From translingual Pleuromeiaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Pleuromeiaceae.


podocarpaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Podocarpaceae.


podophyllaceous

From translingual Podophyllaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Podophyllaceae.


podostemaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Podostemaceae.


podostemonaceous

From translingual Podostemonaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Podostemonaceae.


polyangiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Polyangiaceae.


polypodiaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Polypodiaceae of ferns.


portulaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Portulaceae (preferably Portulacaceae) of purslanes.


pottiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Pottiaceae.


prunaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Prunaceae.


psilotaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Psilotaceae.


pteridaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Pteridaceae.


pucciniaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Pucciniaceae of fungis.


pucciniastraceous

From translingual Pucciniastraceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Pucciniastraceae.


punicaceous

From translingual Punicaceae + -ous; the base meaning "Carthaginian" is from Latin punicus.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Punicaceae.


resedaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Resedaceae of temperate and subtropical plants.


rhytismataceous

(mycology) Belonging to the Rhytismataceae.


ricciaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Ricciaceae.


roccellaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Roccellaceae of fungi.


ruscaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Ruscaceae.


russulaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Russulaceae of mushrooms.


rutstroemiaceous

From translingual Rutstroemiaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Rutstroemiaceae.


sabiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sabiaceae.


saccharomycetaceous

From translingual Saccharomycetaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Saccharomycetaceae.


samydaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Samydaceae.


sarcolaenaceous

From translingual Sarcolaenaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sarcolaenaceae.


sarcosomataceous

From translingual Sarcosomataceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Sarcosomataceae.


saururaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Saururaceae.


schisandraceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Schisandraceae.


schistochilaceous

From translingual Schistochilaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Schistochilaceae.


sciadopityaceous

From translingual Sciadopityaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sciadopityaceae.


scitaminaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Scitaminaceae.


sclerotinaceous

From translingual Sclerotinaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Sclerotinaceae.


scytonemataceous

From translingual Scytonemataceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Scytonemataceae.


sebacinaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Sebacinaceae.


selaginellaceous

From translingual Selaginellaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Selaginellaceae.


seligeriaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Seligeriaceae.


sematophyllaceous

From translingual Sematophyllaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sematophyllaceae.


sirobasidiaceous

From translingual Sirobasidiaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Sirobasidiaceae.


solenoporaceous

From translingual Solenoporaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Solenoporaceae.


sophoraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sophoraceae.


sordariaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Sordariaceae.


sparganiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sparganiaceae.


sphagnaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sphagnaceae.


sphenophyllaceous

From translingual Sphenophyllaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Sphenophyllaceae.


splachnaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Splachnaceae.


spongiophytaceous

From translingual Spongiophytaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Spongiophytaceae.


sporidiobolaceous

(mycology) Belonging to the family Sporidiobolaceae of fungi.


sporormiaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Sporormiaceae.


staphyleaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Staphyleaceae.


stemonaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Stemonaceae.


stereaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Stereaceae.


stereocaulaceous

From translingual Stereocaulaceae + -ous.

(lichenology, relational) Of or relating to the Stereocaulaceae.


stictidaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Stictidaceae.


strobilomycetaceous

From translingual Strobilomycetaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Strobilomycetaceae.


strophariaceous

From translingual Strophariaceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Strophariaceae.


terfeziaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Terfeziaceae.


ternstroemiaceous

From translingual Ternstroemiaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Ternstroemiaceae.


thelebolaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Thelebolaceae.


thelephoraceous

From translingual Thelephoraceae + -ous.

suffix

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Thelephoraceae</i>

(mycology) Belonging to the Thelephoraceae.


thelotremataceous

From translingual Thelotremataceae + -ous.

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Thelotremataceae.


trapaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Trapaceae.


trigoniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Trigoniaceae.


trilliaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Trilliaceae.


trimeniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Trimeniaceae.


triuridaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Triuridaceae.


isoneotype

(taxonomy) A duplicate specimen of a neotype.


isolectotype

(taxonomy) A duplicate specimen of a lectotype.


lauralean

(botany) Of or relating to the Laurales, an order of flowering plants.


ferrihemoglobin

We believe that paclitaxel inhibits the expression of Zo-1 and Claudin-4 and affects TJ integrity, resulting in alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunctions, increased ACM permeability, and exudation of ferrihemoglobin fluid and cells from the capillaries to the alveoli interstitium and even the alveolar cavity, which causes pulmonary edema and, ultimately, ACM thickening and gas diffusion dysfunctions 5 6 .

2015 August 10, Wen-jie Liu et al., “Paclitaxel-induced lung injury and its amelioration by parecoxib sodium”, in Scientific Reports, volume 5, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A form of hemoglobin in which the central ferrous iron atom is oxidised to the ferric state


cumulus oophorus

en-noun

cumulus oophorus (plural cumuli oophori)

(histology) A cluster of cells surrounding the oocyte in the ovarian follicle and after ovulation.


corona radiata

corona radiata (plural coronae radiatae)

(histology) The innermost layer of cumulus oophorus directly surrounding the zona pellucida.


stilbaceous

(mycology, relational) Of or relating to the Stilbaceae.


melanthiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Melanthiaceae.


foliicolous

en-adj

foliicolous (comparative more foliicolous, superlative most foliicolous)

more foliicolous (comparative)
most foliicolous (superlative)

In the specimens I saw it required no exercise of the imagination to interpret the meaning of the spots, but any person accustomed to examine tropical foliicolous parasites would have been struck immediately with the resemblance.

1895 December 7, Botanical Gazette, page 548:


metaplasmic

(linguistics, biology) Relating to metaplasm.


sanguicolous

sanguicolous (comparative more sanguicolous, superlative most sanguicolous)

more sanguicolous (comparative)
most sanguicolous (superlative)

a sanguicolous parasite

(biology) Living in the blood; hematobic.


vocal tract

Beak motions are not necessarily the only means by which birds might vary the acoustic properties of the vocal tract.

1998, Abbot Gaunt, Stephen Nowicki, “Sound Production in Birds: Acoustics and Physiology Revisited”, in Steven Hopp, Michael Owren, Christopher Evans, editors, Animal Acoustic Communication: Sound Analysis and Research Methods, →ISBN, page 308:

(ornithology) Portion of a bird's anatomy that filters or modifies sound; the syrinx, oral cavity, and beak, plus portions of the esophagus and trachea.


perenniation

Rees et al. (1999) found that in O. illyricum bolting is dependent on rosettes reaching a critical size, so that stresses such as rosette herbivory may reduce plant size and thus promote perenniation of rosettes.

2000, Neal R. Spencer, Proceedings of the X International Symposium on Biological Control:

Perenniation of phytoplankton in rivers arises from surviving periphytic and benthic populations, often of backwater areas (Reynolds and Descy, 1996).

2001, Robert G. Wetzel, Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, →ISBN, page 371:

It is always perennial, has a woody lignotuber that aids perenniation and regrowth after frost, fire or flood, it can produce large yields of very nutritious seed, and it thrives on clay soils.

2016, John R Lazier, Nazeer Ahmad, Tropical Forage Legumes, →ISBN:

(botany) The process or property of living for more than one year.


Vavilovian

It is sufficient to emphasise how strongly the Vavilovian concept, and geographical pattern, of centres of origin constrained research on the beginnings of agriculture in the second half of the twentieth century.

2006, Robert Layton, Stephen Shennan, Peter G. Stone, A Future for Archaeology: The Past in the Present:

(botany, genetics) Of, or related to the scientific discoveries of the Russian and Soviet botanist and geneticist Nikolai Vavilov.


dust bath

dust baths (plural)
dustbath (alternative)

(zoology) The process of clenasing the body of parasites by rolling in sand or dust, practiced by certain birds and mammals.


monoplacophoran

The crabbed limpet-like shellfish is a monoplacophoran.

2016, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Other Minds, William Collins, published 2018, page 49:

Unique among mollusks, monoplacophorans turned out to have multiple repeating sets of shell-attachment muscles, kidneys, and gills.

2017, Danna Staaf, Squid Empire, ForeEdge, →ISBN, page 34:

Monoplacophorans are an extremely ancient type of mollusc, the oldest known from the fossil record.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 229:

(zoology) Any member of the superclass Monoplacophora, comprising molluscs with cap-like shells.


monophyletism

(taxonomy) The property of being monophyletic; monophyly.


isogen

In the TNF-α assay, the chronic isogen AES-1M elicited a significantly greater response compared to AES-1M.

2015 August 7, Christopher J. Harmer et al., “Homogentisate 1-2-Dioxygenase Downregulation in the Chronic Persistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Australian Epidemic Strain-1 in the CF Lung”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biology) Any of a group of organisms that share the same origin.


laminaripentaose

Agrocinopine A (yellow), cellobiose (light blue) and laminaripentaose (green) are represented as sticks. (PDF) Click here for additional data file.

2015 August 5, Abbas El Sahili et al., “A Pyranose-2-Phosphate Motif Is Responsible for Both Antibiotic Import and Quorum-Sensing Regulation in Agrobacterium tumefaciens”, in PLoS Pathogens, volume 11, →DOI:

(biochemistry) An oligosaccharide related to laminarin


dockerin

From docker + -in, because of its "docking" function.

Interacting protein components (enzymes bearing a dockerin and scaffoldin or cohesin) were mixed at a final concentration of 10 µM at room temperature in 20 mM Tris-maleate pH 6.0, 1 mM CaCl 2, and 4 µL were subjected to native PAGE (4–15% gradient) using a Phastsystem apparatus (GE Healthcare).

2015 August 13, Julie Ravachol et al., “Combining free and aggregated cellulolytic systems in the cellulosome-producing bacterium Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum”, in Biotechnology for Biofuels, volume 8, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any of a class of proteins that interact with cohesin


ectodysplasin

(biochemistry) Any of a family of transmembrane proteins associated with ectoderm


infrapopulation

If these data are assumed to represent random samples of flukes from the three host species, the Lorenz curves indicate that approximately 10% of flukes in any infrapopulation contribute about 30–35% of all eggs shed by a particular host.

2015 June 10, MELISSA A. BECK, CAMERON P. GOATER, DOUGLAS D. COLWELL, “Comparative recruitment, morphology and reproduction of a generalist trematode, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, in three species of host”, in Parasitology, volume 142, →DOI:


nucleoredoxin

In line with this finding, H 2 O 2 inhibited the association between disheveled and nucleoredoxin, blocking the Wnt- β -catenin pathway [ 72 ].

2015 July 26, Shijie Ding et al., “Redox Regulation in Cancer Stem Cells”, in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A thioredoxin that is involved in cell growth and differentiation


redoxin

(biochemistry) Any of a family of proteins that are involved in redox reactions


restiaceous

The little family of Restiaceous plants is represented in our flora by a small aquatic tufted plant, found in the Hebrides and in Ireland, and called the Jointed Eriocaulon.

1867, Thomas Moore, British Wild Flower:

(botany, obsolete) Belonging or relating to the Restiaceae (now Restionaceae), a family of rush-like plants.


thymelaceous

(botany, relational) Belonging or relating to the Thymelaceae.


caesalpinaceous

From translingual Caesalpinaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Belonging or relating to the Caesalpinaceae.


roseaceous

(botany, relational) Belonging or relating to the Roseaceae.


protologist

The allotype need not be described by the protologist (first describer) ; it can be contained in the original as well as in any subsequent description by other authors.

1911, Annals of the Entomological Society of America - Volume 4, page 208:

Therefore, to rectify this long standing error, we are compelled to expunge Fairmaire's name as the author of the name and substitute Felsche as the true protologist.

1955, Transactions of the American Entomological Society:

According to the International Rules of Zoological Nomenclature, Timberlake is the protologist.

1961, Hymenoptera reprints: Bradley collection - Volume 89, page 204:

(taxonomy) The first person to describe a new species.


cellobionic acid

(biochemistry) A particular glucosyl gluconic acid


cellotrionic acid

(biochemistry) A gluconic acid derived from cellotriose


cholinephosphotransferase

In addition to de novo DAG that is generated via the Kennedy pathway, DAG precursors for TAG synthesis can also be derived from PC by the reversible action of two enzymes, PC:DAG cholinephosphotransferase (PDCT/ROD1; [ 65 ] and/or cytidine-5′-diphosphocholine:DAG cholinephosphotransferase (CPT; [ 66, 67 ].

2015 August 16, Aruna Kilaru et al., “Oil biosynthesis in a basal angiosperm: transcriptome analysis of Persea Americana mesocarp”, in BMC Plant Biology, volume 15, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the transfer of phosphocholine (in a glyceride)


immunocytology

[ 86 ] analyzed the combined use of cytology, FISH (UroVysion), immunocytology (ImmunoCyt), and NMP22 (ELISA) for surveillance of NMI BC in a cohort of 106 patients.

2015 July 31, M Hammad Ather, Syed M Nazim, “New and contemporary markers of prognosis in nonmuscle invasive urothelial cancer”, in Korean Journal of Urology, volume 56, →DOI:

(immunology, cytology) An extension of cytology in which antibodies are used to disrupt cells


staminody

en-noun

staminody (countable and uncountable, plural staminodies)

(botany, uncountable) A condition of flowers in which sepals, pistils, etc. are metamorphosed into stamens.

(botany, countable) Synonym of staminode.


stegodon

From the genus name †Stegodon, referring to the shape of the molars: from Ancient Greek στέγος (stégos, “roof”) + -odon. Doublet of stegodont.

(zoology) Any member of the extinct genus Stegodon, related to modern elephants; a stegodont.


stemmatic

This bulla is assumed to be a remnant of the larval eye; in the Simuliidae it is called a stemmatic bulla.

1981, Manual of Nearctic Diptera, volume 1, →ISBN, page 12:


sphingosinokinase

For the other S1P species, the the^([sic]) mostly important is sphingosinokinase (SK) in the reticulum, inner membrane and nucleus, respectively.

2015 August 15, Weronika Wronowska et al., “Computational modeling of sphingolipid metabolism”, in BMC Systems Biology, volume 9, →DOI:


xylodextrin

These are then transported into the cells by cellodextrin and xylodextrin transporters and—in the case of xylodextrins—reduced before they are further processed to monomeric sugars by intracellular hydrolases.

2015 August 16, Xin Li et al., “Cellobionic acid utilization: from Neurospora crassa to Saccharomyces cerevisiae”, in Biotechnology for Biofuels, volume 8, →DOI:


filensin

This may indicate cataract development, with concomitant degradation of the 94 kDa and 50 kDa forms of filensin, in addition to the decreased GSH and AsA concentrations.

2015 July 31, Yosuke Nakazawa et al., “Hesperetin prevents selenite-induced cataract in rats”, in Molecular Vision, volume 21:

(biochemistry) A fibrous protein present in the lens of the eye


hydroxymethylome

From hydroxy- + methylome or hydroxymethyl + -ome.

Additionally, we performed quantification of 5hmC amount and added functional prediction analysis of identified TET alterations to evaluate the biological impact of these alterations on the hydroxymethylome.

2015 July 15, Theo F. J. Kraus et al., “Genetic Characterization of Ten-Eleven-Translocation Methylcytosine Dioxygenase Alterations in Human Glioma”, in Journal of Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:

(genetics) The set of hydroxymethylation modifications in an organism's genome


microvitellogenin

The B. mori 30KP sequences are similar to those of microvitellogenin in Manduca sexta ( Wang et al.

2015 June 13, Xiao-Feng Shi et al., “Identification and Characterization of 30 K Protein Genes Found in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Transcriptome”, in Journal of Insect Science, volume 15, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A very small form of a vitellogenin


monoxenic

/ˌmɒnəʊˈzɛnɪk/

Furthermore, the use of R. irregularis in monoxenic cultures, often twinned with a model plant species, has dominated investigations.

2015 July 27, Helena S. Davies et al., “Radioactivity and the environment: technical approaches to understand the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants in radionuclide bioaccumulation”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:

(biology, of a culture) Containing a single unidentified organism


paramyosin

paramyosin (countable and uncountable, plural paramyosins)

The target of >40% protection has been achieved with some schistosome molecules such as fatty acid binding protein (Sm14), paramyosin, calpain large subunit (Sm80), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and cysteine peptidases ( 2 ).

2015 July 30, Rashika El Ridi, Ahmad A. Othman, Donald P. McManus, “Editorial: The Schistosomiasis Vaccine – It is Time to Stand up”, in Frontiers in Immunology, volume 6, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A muscle protein, similar to myosin, present in some invertebrates


premembrane

Acute samples were tested by real-time RT-PCR targeting the premembrane (prM)/envelope gene at the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS). 2 Three samples taken from Ratchaburi province, Thailand, were positive for ZIKV infection based on serologic studies whereas ZIKV RNA was detected in the other four samples.

2015, Rome Buathong et al., “Detection of Zika Virus Infection in Thailand, 2012–2014”, in The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, volume 93, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A signal peptide responsible for dengue envelope translocation in cells


monoclinism

(botany) The property of being monoclinous.


pleurodirous

(zoology) Having the head and neck folded under the front edge of the carapace by one or more horizontal folds.


lagerpetid

From the genus name Lagerpeton, from λαγώς (lagṓs, “hare”) + ἑρπετόν (herpetón, “reptile”).

(zoology) Any of the dinosauromorphs of the family Lagerpetidae.

lagerpétido

dinosauromorph of the family Lagerpetidae


polypodous

en-adj

polypodous (comparative more polypodous, superlative most polypodous)

more polypodous (comparative)
most polypodous (superlative)


miltonia

(botany) Any orchid of the genus Miltonia.


megasynthase

A long, multi-domain olefin megasynthase was translationally coupled to a reporter protein or antibiotic resistance marker as a way to monitor and improve its translation elongation via synonymous codon mutations ( 34 ).

2015 June 27, Tian Tian, Howard M. Salis, “A predictive biophysical model of translational coupling to coordinate and control protein expression in bacterial operons”, in Nucleic Acids Research, volume 43, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A large, complex synthase (that produces a specific natural product as if on an assembly line)


lepidopteron

en-noun

lepidopteron (plural lepidopterons or lepidoptera)

lepidopterons (plural)
lepidoptera (plural)

(zoology) Any insect of the order Lepidoptera.


neognathous

(zoology) Belonging or relating to the neognaths.


paleognathous

(zoology) Belonging or relating to the paleognaths.


unirritable

en-adj

unirritable (comparative more unirritable, superlative most unirritable)

more unirritable (comparative)
most unirritable (superlative)

(archaic, biology) Not responsive to stimuli.


gamodeme

(biology) A set of organisms in which any pair of members can breed together, i.e. exchange gametes to produce fertile offspring.


apoptotically

en-adv

apoptotically (comparative more apoptotically, superlative most apoptotically)

more apoptotically (comparative)
most apoptotically (superlative)

(biochemistry) In an apoptotic manner; by the means of apoptosis.


anthostele

(zoology) The rigid lower part of a polyp.


EAV

Equine arteritis virus
w:Equine arteritis virus

(zoology) Initialism of Equine arteritis virus.


nemesia

(botany) Any plant of the genus Nemesia in the family Scrophulariaceae.


hemoglobinase

H11 and H-gal-GP are believed to be components of the hemoglobinase complex in the H. contortus adult gut responsible for digestion of the ingested host hemoglobin and are regarded as hidden antigens not exposed to the host immune system [ 9, 16, 17 ].

2015 August 19, Christian Heim et al., “Inhibition of Haemonchus contortus larval development by fungal lectins”, in Parasites & Vectors, volume 8, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of hemoglobin


isopentenyltransferase

The rate-limiting step for cytokinin biosynthesis involves a group of isopentenyltransferase (IPT) enzymes.

2015 April 23, Simon Moore et al., “Spatiotemporal modelling of hormonal crosstalk explains the level and patterning of hormones and gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and mutant roots”, in The New Phytologist, volume 207, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any transferase that catalyses the transfer of an isopentenyl group


ribogenesis

From ribo- + -genesis, from ribonucleic acid.

Dear Editor, Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a nucleolar protein implicated in ribogenesis, centrosome duplication and stress response. 1 NPM1 is mutated in ~30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. 2 Heterozygous mutations involve few base duplications or insertions in the gene's last exon.

2014 September 25, A De Cola et al., “AML cells carrying NPM1 mutation are resistant to nucleophosmin displacement from nucleoli caused by the G-quadruplex ligand TmPyP4”, in Cell Death & Disease, volume 5, →DOI:


satyrization

en-noun

satyrization (usually uncountable, plural satyrizations)

term-label

(American spelling, Oxford British English)

satyrizations (plural)
satyrisation (alternative)

/ˌseɪtəɹaɪˈzeɪʃən/

From satyr (“sylvan deity represented as part man and part goat, characterized by riotous merriment and lasciviousness; lecherous man”) + -ization (suffix forming nouns denoting the act, process, or result of doing or making something), possibly coined by American scientist Jose M. C. Ribeiro and American entomologist Andrew Spielman (1930–2006) in a 1986 article: see the quotation.

suffix

A "satyr" is any male that successfully mates and reduces the reproductive success of a female of a different species or population. We sought to model the interaction of such potentially intermating species that are initially isolated in space but come to occupy overlapping niches. [...] Species extinction may result from reproductive competition (satyrization) alone.

1986 October, J. M. C. Ribeiro, A[ndrew] Spielman, “The Satyr Effect: A Model Predicting Parapatry and Species Extinction”, in The American Naturalist, volume 128, number 4, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, abstract, pages 513–528:

Collectively, these data are supportive of the Ae[des] albopictus satyrization hypothesis; but, much work must be done for a definitive answer to the very important question of whether sex peptide asymmetries are highly influential in satyrizations.

1994, Paul A. Hedin, Julius J. Menn, Robert M. Hollingworth, editors, Natural and Engineered Pest Management Agents: Developed from the Conference on Natural and Derived Pest Management Agents Sponsored by the Division of Agrochemicals, Snowbird, Utah, August 9–14, 1992 (ACS Symposium Series; 551), Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society, →ISBN, page 203:

Although there is some evidence to support the occurrence of this mechanism, also known as satyrization, in natural populations of ticks and tsetse flies (Ribeiro 1988), its importance as a population reduction mechanism among mosquitoes remains unsubstantiated.

2007, Thomas G. Floore, editor, Biorational Control of Mosquitoes (Supplement to the Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association; volume 23, issue 2), Mount Laurel, N.J.: American Mosquito Control Association, →OCLC, page 278:

Sterility caused by cross-mating between Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti (a process known as satyrisation) may have initially contributed to the observed competitive reduction of Aedes aegypti by invasive Aedes albopictus in many areas of Florida.

2013, Helen Wallace, “Impacts of Population Changes on Other Mosquito Species”, in Genetically Modified Mosquitoes: Ongoing Concerns (TWN Biotechnology & Biosafety Series; 15), Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2021-02-09, page 21:

Additional experiments demonstrating transfer of labelled semen from A[edes] albopictus males to A. aegypti females and low production of viable eggs of females housed with conspecific males, following exposure to A. albopictus males, confirm higher incidences of satyrization than expected, based on heterospecific insemination rates. We conclude that frequencies of satyrization based on detection of interspecific sperm in spermathecae may underestimate the impact of this form of reproductive interference.

2015 September, María C. Carrasquilla, L. Philip Lounibos, “Satyrization without Evidence of Successful Insemination from Interspecific Mating between Invasive Mosquitoes”, in Biology Letters, volume 11, number 9, London: Royal Society Publishing, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, →PMID, abstract:

Quantifying satyrisation by assessing interspecific sperm in spermathecae underestimates the capacity of male A[edes] albopictus to reduce the fitness of virgin female A. aegypti.

2016 September, Steven A. Juliano, L. Philip Lounibos, “Invasions by Mosquitoes: The Roles of Behaviour across the Life Cycle”, in Judith S[hulman] Weis, Daniel Sol, editors, Biological Invasions and Animal Behaviour, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 258–259:

US researchers have added another piece to the puzzle that is satyrisation, one of the most complex aspects of the mosquito world. It only occurs in mosquitoes, in fact, but is of increasing interest as mosquito-borne diseases emerge as problems worldwide. In Greek mythology a satyr is a lusty fertile woodland deity, but satyrisation is the opposite. It occurs when the male of one species mates with the female of another, but instead of producing a hybrid, the result is no offspring at all. In fact, the unfortunate female is rendered sterile. Satyrisation is also the mechanism by which introduced mosquito species displace native mosquito species, particularly island endemics.

2019 January 27, Tanya Loos, “Unravelling the Secrets of Satyrisation”, in Cosmos: The Science of Everything, Adelaide, S.A.: Royal Institution of Australia, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-28:

In several areas where Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) have come in contact following successful invasions, Ae. aegypti have been rapidly displaced by Ae. albopictus. Recent work has confirmed that mating interference, in the form of satyrization, is likely a driving factor in these competitive displacements. However, in sites of sympatry, Ae. aegypti females evolve resistance to satyrization, and in the laboratory, satyrization-susceptible Ae. aegypti can evolve resistance within a few generations of cage exposure to Ae. albopictus.

2019 March, Irka Bargielowski, Nildimar A. Honório, Erik M. Blosser, L. Philip Lounibos, “Rapid Loss of Resistance to Satyrization in Invasive Mosquitoes and the Effects of Age on Interspecific Mating Frequency”, in Journal of Medical Entomology, volume 56, number 2, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press for the Entomological Society of America, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, abstract, page 329:

(zoology, chiefly entomology) The situation where interspecific (interspecies) mating fails to produce hybrids and thus reduces the fitness of the species involved.

satirizacija

situation where interspecies mating fails to produce hybrids and thus reduces the fitness of the species involved


arabinosyl

Among the various targets that PknJ is experimentally known to phosphorylate and activate [ 87 ], EmbR is a transcriptional factor required for the expression of the embCAB operon, that encodes the critical cell wall arabinosyl transferases [ 88 ].

2015 August 13, Uma Shankar Gautam et al., “In-Vivo Gene Signatures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in C3HeB/FeJ Mice”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biochemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from arabinose


endoglycoceramidase

Results of analyzing Exo1 with the InterProScan [ 24 ] software at the Carbohydrate Active Enzymes database ( http://www.cazy.org/ ) [ 38 ], suggests that Exo1 belongs to the Glycoside Hydrolase Family 5 (GH5), which includes enzymes with cellulase or xylanase activity [i.e., endoglucanase (Enzyme Commission number [ 39 ]: EC 3.2.1.4), xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8), exo-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.58), endo-1,6-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.75), β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), and endoglycoceramidase (EC 3.2.1.123)].

2015 August 11, Angsana Keeratijarut et al., “The Immunoreactive Exo-1,3-β-Glucanase from the Pathogenic Oomycete Pythium insidiosum Is Temperature Regulated and Exhibits Glycoside Hydrolase Activity”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A membrane-associated endocytic glycosidase


holobiont

The variables we considered include solar irradiance and turbidity, which are relevant to the symbiont photosynthesis and yearly minimum temperature, representing potential limiting factors for the holobiont.

2015 August 13, Christiane Schmidt et al., “Recent Invasion of the Symbiont-Bearing Foraminifera Pararotalia into the Eastern Mediterranean Facilitated by the Ongoing Warming Trend”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

Some say we should be seen as a holobiont, a term that reflects the intimate, co-dependent relationship humans have with microbes.

2018, Nicola Davis, The Guardian, 256 March:

Holobionts are the lichens of this world, the more-than-the-sums of parts.

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 103:

(ecology) A host organism plus its associated microorganisms


anisopoikilocytosis

en-noun

anisopoikilocytosis (countable and uncountable, plural anisopoikilocytoses)

(cytology) The presence of RBCs of varying size and shape.


Wright-Giemsa stain

Wright-Giemsa stain (plural Wright-Giemsa stains)

(histology) A cytological stain used primarily for metaphase chromosomes and differentiation of blood cells


Wright's stain

(histology) A staining technique used primarily for differentiation of blood cells.


methacarn

Fragments of ventral prostate were fixed by immersion in 4% formaldehyde freshly prepared in phosphate buffer pH 7.2 and methacarn (1 : 3 : 6 of acetic acid, chloroform, and methanol) and embedded in Paraplast.

2015 July 30, Marina G. Gobbo et al., “Influence of Melatonin on the Proliferative and Apoptotic Responses of the Prostate under Normal and Hyperglycemic Conditions”, in Journal of Diabetes Research, volume 2015, →DOI:

(cytology) A mixture of methanol, chloroform and acetic acid used as a fixative


sulfogalactosyl

Earlier we showed that sphingosine ( Fig 1 ), which lacks the sulfogalactosyl moiety of lyso-SF, requires fVa for its inhibition of II activation [ 21 ].

2015 August 11, Subramanian Yegneswaran et al., “Lyso-Sulfatide Binds Factor Xa and Inhibits Thrombin Generation by the Prothrombinase Complex”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biochemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from galactosyl sulfate


superpathway

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-superpathway.wav

In Mtb :Δ dosR, pathways such as “Guanosine nucleotides de novo pathway of methionine biosynthesis, superpathway of amino acids biosynthesis, nucleotide biosynthesis, TCA cycle, NAD phosphorylation, etc. were significantly changed ( S1 – S3 Figs).

(biochemistry) A combination of biochemical pathways that describe the biosynthesis or metabolism of a group of related compounds


pistillode

(botany) A sterile pistil in a male flower.


cupressophyte

(botany) Any member of the Cupressophyta.


autobiochemical

The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were measured with an autobiochemical analyzer (CX7; Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA).

2015 August 21, Haizhi Qi et al., “Foxp3-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes liver allograft tolerance through the generation of regulatory T cells in rats”, in Journal of Translational Medicine, volume 13, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Relating to autobiochemistry


bioflavanol

The experiments, each were carried out each in triplicate and the results are tabulated in Table 1 and compared with the standard drug Rutin (Fig. 7 ), a bioflavanol which is a well established promising anticancer agent and its mechanism may be due to the induction of apoptosis [ 21 ].

2015 August 4, Jubie S., Dhanabal S. P., Chaitanya M. V. N. L., “Isolation of methyl gamma linolenate from spirulina platensis using flash chromatography and its apoptosis inducing effect”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A naturally-occurring flavanol


fasciclin

It is likely that C. lentis secretes the fasciclin homolog ClCE8 during conidium and appressorium adhesion on the plant surface, though it might also mediate down-stream infection related to fungal development.

2015 August 22, Vijai Bhadauria et al., “Candidate effectors contribute to race differentiation and virulence of the lentil anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum lentis”, in BMC Genomics, volume 16, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any of a group of extracellular polypeptide domains concerned with cell adhesion


diphosphohydrolase

A recent study reported that the endoplasmic reticulum enzyme ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 stimulates ATP consumption and favors aerobic glycolysis, thereby promoting cancer cell survival [ 30 ].

2015 August 18, Somin Lee et al., “High Inorganic Phosphate Intake Promotes Tumorigenesis at Early Stages in a Mouse Model of Lung Cancer”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any phosphohydrolase that catalyses the removal of two phosphate groups (typically from a triphosphate)


eumetric

We examined the potential increases in yields if the sizes at first capture ( L c ) were set optimally for the estimated fishing mortality rates (i.e., eumetric fishing).

2015 August 12, Marc O. Nadon et al., “Length-Based Assessment of Coral Reef Fish Populations in the Main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(ecology) That produces a stable population size


glycerophosphodiesterase

As a first application, we have simulated the diffuse scattering produced by alternative TLS refinements of the glycerophosphodiesterase GpdQ (Jackson et al., 2007 ▸ ).

2015 July 28, Andrew H. Van Benschoten et al., “Predicting X-ray diffuse scattering from translation–libration–screw structural ensembles”, in Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography, volume 71, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme (such as a lecithinase) that catalyses the hydrolysis of a glycerophosphodiester


pentapeptidase

VanY, a d -Ala- d -Ala-specific pentapeptidase, evolved into VanXY through acquisition of the “bisubstrate loop,” which added hydrolysis of d -Ala- d -Ala to that of a d -Ala- d -Ala-containing pentapeptide.

2015 August 11, Djalal Meziane-Cherif et al., “Structural and Functional Adaptation of Vancomycin Resistance VanT Serine Racemases”, in mBio, volume 6, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a pentapeptide


yellow patch

yellow patch (countable and uncountable, plural yellow patches)

Throughout the year pathologists receive numerous samples of yellow, creeping bentgrass or annual bluegrass (Poa annua) from putting greens. In autumn or spring, superintendents sometimes suspect that yellow tuft (Sclerophthora macrospora) or yellow patch (Rhizoctonia cerealis) diseases are the problem.

2002, Peter H. Dernoeden, Creeping Bentgrass Management: Summer Stresses, Weeds and Selected Maladies, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., →ISBN, page 25:

Yellow patch, sometimes called cool-temperature brown patch, develops during prolonged cool (50-65°F; 10-18°C), overcast, and moist periods from late autumn to early spring.

2013, Thomas L. Watschke, Peter H. Dernoeden, David J. Shetlar, Managing Turfgrass Pests, →ISBN, page 97:

(mycology, pathology, uncountable) A disease affecting several varieties of grasses, including bentgrasses, annual bluegrass, some perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, which results in the development of yellow or brown rings.


sulfamidase

Continuous secretion of hASA into the CSF of wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice was seen, and the levels were sustainable, similar to sustained secretion of sulfamidase in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA dogs 6 .

2015 August 18, Kohei Hironaka et al., “Enzyme replacement in the CSF to treat metachromatic leukodystrophy in mouse model using single intracerebroventricular injection of self-complementary AAV1 vector”, in Scientific Reports, volume 5, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of sulfate groups from carbohydrates such as mucopolysaccharides


glycopyranosyl

Another synthetic lipid A derivative, glycopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA) has been used in combination with squalene (SE, an oil-in-water emulsion), and shown to induce strong Th1-type responses, enhance antigen-specific responses and have a good safety profile [ 82 ].

2014 April 25, Deana N. Toussi, Paola Massari, “Immune Adjuvant Effect of Molecularly-defined Toll-Like Receptor Ligands”, in Vaccines, volume 2, →DOI:

(biochemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical derived from a glycopyranose


glycopyranose

(biochemistry) The pyranose form of a glycose


trappin

This protein is encoded by a trappin gene family.

2015 March 25, Anna Skoczyńska et al., “New look at the role of progerin in skin aging”, in Przegla̜d Menopauzalny = Menopause Review, volume 14, →DOI:

(biochemistry, genetics) Any of a group of proteins having N-terminus linked to transglutaminase; the associated protein domain


RFX

regulatory factor X
regulatory factor X#English

(genetics, biochemistry) Abbreviation of regulatory factor X (a gene and protein family).


disaggregase

Another small molecule, Hsp104,a protein disaggregase, can rapidly resolubilize denatured protein aggregates and restore function of proteins [ 94, 95 ].

2014 July 4, Zhe Long, Beisha Tang, Hong Jiang, “Alleviating neurodegeneration in Drosophila models of PolyQ diseases”, in Cerebellum & Ataxias, volume 1, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that breaks up protein aggregates


imipenemase

In addition to KPC, several other carbapenemases have been identified in the United States: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), oxacillinase (OXA), Verona integron–encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM), and imipenemase (IMP) ( 5, 6 ).

2015, Nora Chea et al., “Improved Phenotype-Based Definition for Identifying Carbapenemase Producers among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae”, in Emerging Infectious Diseases, volume 21, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of imipenem


senataxin

The apparent dominant inheritance pattern (pseudodominant) was the result of the unusual coincidence of both mother and daughter being compound heterozygotes for senataxin mutations.

2015 April 30, Laurence Newrick, Malcolm Taylor, Marios Hadjivassiliou, “Pseudodominant AOA2”, in Cerebellum & Ataxias, volume 2, →DOI:


overconfluence

However, because of cell crowding and overconfluence, we were unable to evaluate the morphological changes occurring in cells at the rear.

2015 September 2, Taro Mikami et al., “Inhibition of Rho-associated kinases disturbs the collective cell migration of stratified TE-10 cells”, in Biological Research, volume 48, →DOI:


preabdomen

preabdomen (plural preabdomens or preabdomina)

preabdomens (plural)
preabdomina (plural)

The anthomyiid oviscapt (postabdomen) is as regards the ground plan undoubtedly slender, well set off from and hardly shorter than the preabdomen, and has slender cerci with projecting, cylindrical apices.

2013, Verner Michelsen, “Proposal of Karliella gen. n. for the Afrotropical ‘Pegomya’ sexpunctata Karl, 1935 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a possible kleptoparasite of dung-breeding beetles”, in African Invertebrates, volume 54, number 2, →DOI, pages 335–347:

(entomology) The anterior segments of the abdomen, distinguished from the posterior segments holding the reproductive apparatus.


oxidative phosphorylation

oxidative phosphorylation (plural oxidative phosphorylations)

oxidative phosphorylations (plural)
OXPHOS (alternative)

(biochemistry) aerobic phosphorylation of cellular nutrients to release energy and reform ATP


cytome

Newly developed biomarkers (MNi: micronuclei; NPBs: nucleoplasmic bridges; NBUDs: nuclear buds) in the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus cytome assay were used to detect chromosomal damage, showing that 1,3-butadiene exposed workers have increased frequencies of MNi and NPBs compared to control subjects.

2015 August 4, Alessandra Pulliero et al., “Genetic and Epigenetic Effects of Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biology) All the cells of a particular organism together with their associated cellular processes


phosphorylceramide

phosphorylceramide (countable and uncountable, plural phosphorylceramides)

However, mutants csg2 Δ (Csg2 is required for mannosylation of inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC)), sur1 Δ (Sur1 encodes the Mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide (MIPC) synthase catalytic subunit) and cka2 Δ (Cka2 is involved in phosphorylation of ceramide synthase), although also involved in the synthesis of complex sphingolipids, did show levels of GS activity similar to that of the wild-type strain (Fig. 6 ).

2015 September 5, Raúl García et al., “Genomic profiling of fungal cell wall-interfering compounds: identification of a common gene signature”, in BMC Genomics, volume 16, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Synonym of sphingomyelin.


alloplasm

alloplasm (countable and uncountable, plural alloplasms)

In Brassica, cytoplasmic male sterility has been reported in three alloplasms: (1) Raphanus cytoplasm combined with nuclear genomes of B. oleracea, B. napus (Bannerot et al. 1974; Roussetle and Renard 1978), and B. campestris (Williams and Heyn 1981) […]

1990 February 7, S. Prakash, “Male sterility caused by cytoplasm of Brassica oxyrrhina in B. campestris and B. juncea”, in Theoretical and Applied Genetics, volume 79, number 2, page 285:

(biology) Cytoplasm that has been modified to form cilia or flagella.


centrophilin

The target antigen is a 210-kDa centrophilin that is not only localized in the pericentrosomal region of mitotic cells but also present in interphase nuclear matrix ( 46 ).

2015 August 20, Edward K. L. Chan et al., “Report of the First International Consensus on Standardized Nomenclature of Antinuclear Antibody HEp-2 Cell Patterns 2014–2015”, in Frontiers in Immunology, volume 6, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A mitotic spindle protein involved in microtubule nucleation


chromomethylase

For the families DNMT2, DNMT3 and chromomethylase, these values are 65, 36–52%, and 53–60%, respectively, for both species.

2015 August 18, Clelia De-la-Peña et al., “The role of chromatin modifications in somatic embryogenesis in plants”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the methylation of chromatin


coenospecies

Here, it may be suggested that, since DT- Taq I and K1K2- Taq I can distinguish the cytoplasm (maternal lineage) of wild brassicas (used in the present study), they may be used to assess natural hybridization processes within the Brassica coenospecies.

2015 August 10, Bharti Sarin et al., “Chloroplast DNA Variations in Wild Brassicas and Their Implication in Breeding and Population Genetics Studies”, in Scientifica, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biology) Either of a group of related species that are able to form (often fertile) hybrids


cryptopatch

Besides Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes, the immune system in the gut contains several other lymphoid structures: cryptopatches and isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs).

2006, Reshma Taneja, Nuclear Receptors in Development, page 333:

(biology) A small aggregate of lymphoid cells found in the intestinal lamina propria.


haptoglobulin

However, the other markers of dehydration such as globulin and haptoglobulin were not in significantly higher quantities after the ride and remained stable.

2015 July 15, Margaux M. Luck et al., “Energetics of endurance exercise in young horses determined by nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics”, in Frontiers in Physiology, volume 6, →DOI:


mictoplasm

In healthy sieve elements, gold particles were mainly found in the mictoplasm and in association with the membrane, whereas in the cell lumen they were significantly less abundant.

2015 August 19, Stefanie V. Buxa et al., “Phytoplasma infection in tomato is associated with re-organization of plasma membrane, ER stacks, and actin filaments in sieve elements”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:

(botany) Any phloem containing sieve cells.


monoubiquitinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses monoubiquitination


wetwood

Even though considerable data may show that a species in class 1 is not susceptible to wetwood formation, it may be important to continue looking for exceptions.

1980, J. C. Ward, Wetwood in trees: a timber resource problem, page 8:

(phytopathology) Wood with a darkened or wet appearance resulting from abnormally high water content or a bacterial infection.


slime flux

(phytopathology) An infection occurring in some tree species that causes a foul smelling fluid to ooze from infected wood and bark.


gynandrium

(botany) A combined male and female stamen structure.


gynostegium

(botany) An adnation of the stamens with the style and stigma, typically found in members of the family Apocynaceae.


archesporium

(botany) Any of the cells of the sporangium that give rise to spores.


transsialidase

transsialidases (plural)
transialidase (alternative)
trans-sialidase (alternative)

One of the earliest events of multiple modifications of LDL is a desialylation of lipoprotein glycoconjugates caused by the transsialidase circulating in the blood [ 15 ].

2015 June 9, Alexander N. Orekhov et al., “Development of Antiatherosclerotic Drugs on the basis of Natural Products Using Cell Model Approach”, in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any sialidase that operates between the surfaces of different cells


ULP

(biochemistry) Initialism of ubiquitin-like protein.


heteranthery

(botany) The property of some flowering plants to have different types of stamen within the same flower. Research suggests the different stamens perform different functions in the plant's pollination strategy.


protovirus

(biology) A DNA sequence capable of mutating into an oncogenic virus, proposed as a hypothesis to explain the origin of ribodeoxyviruses as arising from normal cellular components.


sink function

(ecology) An environment’s ability to absorb and render pollution harmless.


unkenreflex

Borrowed from German Unkenreflex, from Unke (“fire-bellied toad”) and Reflex (“reflex”).

Unkenreflex (alternative)
unken reflex (alternative)

(zoology) A defensive posture adopted by several branches of the amphibian class, including, but not exclusive to, salamanders, toads, and certain species of frogs.


distorsio

Distorsios, which also belong to this group, have many fierce-looking teeth and a smaller operculum.

1998, Jackie Leatherbury Douglass, Peterson First Guide to Shells of North America, page 26:

Common shells include frog-shells, distorsios, volutes, tulips, murex, cones, olives, marginellas, cowries, augers and the Florida horse conch, the state's official shell, which can grow up to 24in (6 1 cm) long.

2002, Don Philpott, Florida: Gulf Coast, page 16:

The Atlantic distorsio, Distorsio clathrata (Figure 3.27), lives on sandy bottoms from just beyond the surf zone to a depth of about 60 m.

2004, Susan B. Rothschild, Beachcomber's Guide to Gulf Coast Marine Life:

(zoology) A mollusk of the genus Distorsio, or its shell.


marginella

Smooth, shiny, brightly colored shells, marginellas are usually found in tropical and warm water.

2006, Jackie Leatherbury Douglass, Shells:

Marginellas have smooth, shiny shells with an elongate, narrow aperture three-quarters or more of the total shell length.

2008, George Branch, Two Oceans: A Guide to the Marine Life of Southern Africa, page 168:

(zoology) A mollusk of the genus Marginella, or its shell.


epiphallus

Hadrotettix and Heliastus lack pale streaks but possess trilobed epiphalli, which led me to look for other characteristics shared with the Hippiscus group.

1981, Daniel Otte, The North American Grasshoppers: Acrididae: Oedipodinae, page 92:

In some orthopterans, a plate adjacent to the genital complex.

Male genitalia strongly asymmetrical, partially concealed by sternum 9, comprised by basisclerite, paired epiphalli (left with titillator), and hypophallus; hook process (=L3 sclerite after MCKITTRICK 1964) missing (KLASS 1997).

2006, A.P. Rasnitsyn, History of Insects, page 274:

In some dictyopterans, a pair of valves adjacent to the phallus.

In mature Arion the atrium is divided into upper and lower atria, with the oviduct, spermatheca duct and epiphallus opening into the upper atrium.

2012, A. South, Terrestrial Slugs: Biology, ecology and control, page 110:

(malacology) In some gastropods, an enlargement of the vas deferens that continues beyond the apex of the penis.


pneumatode

From Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma) (breath) and ὁδός (hodós) (pathway)

(botany, histology) A group of cells with spiral secondary wall thickenings, present in a velamen; acts as an airway for gas exchange for respiration or photosynthesis

The roots of palms are characterised by pneumatodes on both underground and aerial roots. These have been supposed to ventilate the underground roots, but direct physiological evidence for this is lacking.

2015, R. H. V. Corley, P. B. H. Tinker, The Oil Palm, Wiley, →ISBN, page 144:

(botany, histology) A group of cells presumed to be specialised as an airway for ventilation of particular tissues.


etiolin

etiolin (usually uncountable, plural etiolins)

The formation of a yellow pigment in small grains in the cells of plant structures grown in the dark has long been recognised. The pigment was known to be soluble in alcohol and was called "etiolin" by Pringsheim (1874) because it occurred in etiolated structures.

1924, Katherine Hope Coward, “The lipochromes of etiolated wheat seedlings”, in Biochemical Journal, volume 18.5, page 1123:

(biochemistry, now rare) A yellow pigment in plants grown without sufficient light; a precursor of chlorophyll.


glycoprofile

Another factor diminishing this bias is the fragment presence threshold, which determines how populated a fragment should be within a taxon to be included in its glycoprofile and to produce a positive mark in the occurrence code.

2015 September 3, K.S. Egorova, A.N. Kondakova, Ph.V. Toukach, “Carbohydrate Structure Database: tools for statistical analysis of bacterial, plant and fungal glycomes”, in Database: The Journal of Biological Databases and Curation, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A representation of the glycome of an organism


mannodisaccharide

(biochemistry) Any disaccharide that contains a mannose moiety


megaloblastoid

After induction II per AAML1031 high risk arm bone marrow morphologic examination showed megaloblastoid maturation with 7% blasts; however, flow cytometric analysis revealed normal antigen expression on all myeloid precursors and absence of the abnormal promyelocytic population identified earlier.

2015 August 17, Kathleen Overholt et al., “Promyelocytic Leukemia with No Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha Abnormality but with RUNX1T1 Insertion to Chromosome 7q: A Classification and Management Dilemma”, in Case Reports in Hematology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(cytology) Relating to, or characterised by megaloblasts.


miniprotein

(biochemistry) A small protein (or a large polypeptide), especially one that folds into a structure similar to that of a normal protein


scaffoldwide

We focused on sites at which the black lemur PWM score was in the 10% tail scaffoldwide and was log(10) greater than the blue-eyed black lemur PWM score, and where the blue-eyed black lemur allele was inferred to be derived ( Appendix S18, Supporting information).

2015 August 24, Wynn K Meyer et al., “Evolutionary history inferred from the de novo assembly of a nonmodel organism, the blue-eyed black lemur”, in Molecular Ecology, volume 24, →DOI:


asialogalactose

The difference in relative ECL signals between S1Fc (72%) and S2Fc (5%) is because S1Fc contains one terminal asialogalactose to which the ECL-NA complex binds compared with the absence of free terminal asialogalactose in S2Fc ( Fig.

2015, Karunya Srinivasan et al., “A Quantitative Microtiter Assay for Sialylated Glycoform Analyses Using Lectin Complexes”, in Journal of Biomolecular Screening, volume 20, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A galactose moiety from which a sialic acid residue has been removed.


fasciacyte

(cytology) A fibroblastic cell, of the fascia, thought to produce hyaluronic acid in response to pain


subcosmopolitan

Rosaceae is the 19th largest family and there are about hundred genera which are distributed from cosmopolitan to subcosmopolitan and diversified to northern hemisphere [ 2 ].

2015 August 19, Hafiz Majid Rasheed et al., “Chemical Composition and Vasorelaxant and Antispasmodic Effects of Essential Oil from Rosa indica L. Petals”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biology, ecology, of a taxon) Not completely cosmopolitan


plastoholotype

(biology) An artificial mould or copy of a holotype specimen.


homeotype

(biology) A specimen identified as belonging to a certain taxon by an authority who compared it directly with a primary type specimen (usually the holotype).


ranaspumin

ranaspumin (countable and uncountable, plural ranaspumins)

(biochemistry) A surfactant protein found in the foam nests of tropical frogs.


biophysicochemical

(biology, chemistry) biophysical and biochemical


autoligation

autoligation (countable and uncountable, plural autoligations)

(biochemistry) autocatalysis of the ligation of an enzyme


PHO

potentially hazardous object
potentially hazardous object#English

(astronomy, ecology, geology) Abbreviation of potentially hazardous object.


isovaline

(biochemistry) The rare amino acid 2-amino-2-methylbutanoic acid that was found in the Murchison meteorite


Dutcher body

(microbiology) One of the periodic acid-Schiff reaction-positive nuclear inclusions, containing immunoglobulin, that are either invaginated into or overlying the nucleus.


Russell body

Named for William Russell (1852-1940), a Scottish physician.

endoplasmic reticulum
endoplasmic reticulum

(microbiology) A PAS+, eosinophilic, cytoplasmic immunoglobulin-containing inclusion consisting of distended endoplasmic reticulum, usually found in abnormal plasma cells.

Russell body
William Russell (physician)


Mott cell

(microbiology) An atypical plasma cell that has spherical inclusions filled with immunoglobulin (small Russell bodies) packed in its cytoplasm.


cyprinodontiform

From the taxonomic name of the order, Cyprinodontiformes.

(zoology) Any fish in the order Cyprinodontiformes.


exoglucosidase

(biochemistry) Any glucosidase enzyme that hydrolyses a terminal glucosidic bond


homolanthionine

homolanthionine (countable and uncountable, plural homolanthionines)

(biochemistry) An amino acid consisting of two homoalanine residues connected by a single sulfur atom


endohydrolysis

(biochemistry) The hydrolysis of a bond in the middle (rather than at the ends) of a biopolymer


mesothermy

(biology) The condition of being a mesotherm


halogenase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes a halogenation reaction


aminocyclohexitol

(biochemistry) An amino derivative of a cyclohexitol


cyclohexitol

(biochemistry) Any cyclic sugar alcohol having six carbon atoms


ketosynthase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ketones, but especially that catalyzes the synthesis of polyketides


nonulosonic acid

nonulosonic acid (plural nonulosonic acids)

(biochemistry) Any of a group of acidic ketose derivatives, such as sialic acid, that have nine carbon atoms in the backbone


postfolding

(biochemistry, geology) Following folding (of proteins or terrain)


squamation

squamation (countable and uncountable, plural squamations)

A Palæoniscoid fish showing a condition of squamation almost identical with that of Polyodon.

The literature is poorly documented on the development of squamation in fishes other than teleosts except in the primitive actinopterygian fishes, the holosteans Lepisosteus and Amia.

2004, B.G. Kapoor, Bhavna Khanna, Ichthyology Handbook, →ISBN, page 63:

(zoology, uncountable) The condition or character of being covered with scales.

A fish from the Muschelkalk…has been made the type of the genus Prohalecites on account of peculiar features in its squamation.

1889, Henry Alleyne Nicholson, Richard Lydekker, A Manual of Palæontology, 3rd edition, volume II, page 987:

Eurynotus…still retains the palæoniscid squamation.

These series are found to have a considerable consistency within a subspecies, as well as constant differences between subspecies, so that squamation, or scale arrangement, is of the greatest importance in the classification of snakes.

1997, Laurence Monroe Klauber, Rattlesnakes: Their Habits, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind, →ISBN:

(zoology, countable) A particular arrangement of scales; a special mode or form of squamation.


ZW system

(biology) A system for characterizing the sex of certain animals, such as butterflies and Komodo dragons, in which males have two of the same kind of sex cell (ZZ) and females have two distinct sex cells (ZW).


XY system

(biology) The system that determines the sex of humans, most other mammals, some insects (Drosophila), and some plants (Ginkgo), in which females have two of the same kind of sex cell (XX) and males have two distinct sex cells (XY).


klepton

kleptons (plural)
klepta (plural)
kl. (alternative abbreviation)

From Ancient Greek κλέπτ(ης) (klépt(ēs), “thief”) + -on, after taxon.

der

Most kleptons are female, and some don’t use the genes of the male at all, merely deploying his sperm to stimulate the egg into development without fertilising it.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 157:

(biology) A species that requires input from another biological taxon (normally from a species which is closely related to the kleptonic species) to complete its reproductive cycle.

clépton

species that needs input from another taxon to reproduce


GSL

en-noun

GSL (countable and uncountable, plural GSLs)

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Initialism of glucosinolate.

(biochemistry) Initialism of glycosphingolipid.


super class

(taxonomy) Alternative form of superclass.


X0 system

(biology) The system that determines the sex of offspring among grasshoppers, crickets, cockroaches, and some other insects, in which females have two sex cells (XX) and males have only one sex cell (X0, or simply X; the 0 signifies the lack of another X).


cyanosulfidic

(biochemistry) Relating to, or metabolizing cyanide and sulfide, especially as hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfide


clustersome

[…] led to identification of the putative replicational machinery which underlies the proposed “clustersome”. […] Consistent with this clustersome model, DNA polymerase alpha, primase and other replicative components have been found associated with isolated nuclear matrix […]

2012, P.-C. Cheng, T.H. Lin, W.L. Wu, Multidimensional Microscopy:


florivore

(biology) Any organism that consumes flowers as the main part of its diet


subdioecious

(botany, of a group of plants) Having most, but not all, individuals dioecious


fluoroglucose

(biochemistry) Synonym of fluorodeoxyglucose.


nanodoubler

(cytology) An asymmetric nonlinear crystalline nanoparticle used to study the evolution of stem cells


deoxyfucose

(biochemistry) Any deoxy sugar derived from fucose, but especially 4-deoxyfucose


glycomutant

(biochemistry) A glycosylated mutation of an enzyme


heparitin

(biochemistry) A heteropolysaccharide similar to heparin but with some sulfate groups replaced by acetate


limiting factor

limiting factor (plural limiting factors)

(biology) A condition that limits the growth or abundance of a population of organisms in an ecosystem.


anosmatic

en-adj

anosmatic (comparative more anosmatic, superlative most anosmatic)

more anosmatic (comparative)
most anosmatic (superlative)

From French anosmatique (“anosmatic”), coined by French anthropologist, anatomist and physician Pierre Paul Broca (1824–1880) in Revue d’Anthropologie (2nd Series), volume II, page 398); analysable as an- + osmatic.

(zoology) Lacking olfactory organs, and so having no sense of smell; anosmic.


oligoelectrolyte

(biochemistry) An oligomeric electrolyte


mafia hypothesis

(biology) A hypothesis attempting to explain why most hosts of brood parasites care for the parasite's nestlings. Since the host's nest is attacked if the parasite's egg is detected and rejected, this indirectly enhances selective pressures favouring aggressive parasite behaviour that may result in positive feedback between mafia-like parasites and compliant hosts.


sporabola

Blend of spore + parabola, coined by Buller (1909).

(mycology) The trajectory of a basidiospore after it is discharged from a sterigma.


mannuronate

(biochemistry) Any salt or ester of mannuronic acid


furanosyl

(biochemistry) Any univalent radical derived from a furanose


arabinofuranosyl

(biochemistry, especially in combination) Any univalent radical derived from an arabinofuranose


arabinofuranosyladenine

en-noun

arabinofuranosyladenine (countable and uncountable, plural arabinofuranosyladenines)

(biochemistry) Any arabinofuranosyl derivative of adenine


astexin

(biochemistry) Any of a family of heat-sensitive lasso peptides


lasso peptide

lasso peptides (plural)
lassopeptide (alternative)

(biochemistry) Any of a large group of macrocyclic peptides whose structure resembles a knotted lasso


peptidogenomics

(biochemistry) The genomics of peptides and related biomolecules


sialoside

(biochemistry) Any glycoside of sialic acid


sialyllactose

sialyllactose (countable and uncountable, plural sialyllactoses)

(biochemistry) An oligosaccharide of sialic acid and lactose


streptomonomicin

(biochemistry) A particular lasso peptide, found in a halophilic actinomycete, that has antibiotic activity


bioelement

(biochemistry) Any chemical element that is found naturally in living organisms


glycogenin

(biochemistry) An enzyme that initiates the conversion of glucose to glycogen


mycogenomics

(biology, genetics) The genomics of fungi


quadrinate

(botany) Having four divisions or leaflets.


(biochemistry) The α (alpha) component of various integrins, especially ones in which the β (beta) component is CD18 (i.e. β2) and which mediate leukocyte adhesion.


alphalytic

(biochemistry, of an enzyme) That hydrolyses a peptide at the alpha position


oxysome

(biology) One of the small round bodies found in the folds of the cristae in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and involved in ATP synthesis.


flavoglobin

(biochemistry) Any flavoprotein that is a globin


flavohemoglobin

(biochemistry) A flavoprotein related to hemoglobin


glycopolypeptide

(biochemistry) any compound of a carbohydrate and a polypeptide


retroposable

(genetics) Able to undergo retroposition


MAG

myelin-associated glycoprotein
myelin-associated glycoprotein#English

(biochemistry) Acronym of myelin-associated glycoprotein.

myelin associated glycoprotein
myelin associated glycoprotein

(genetics) A gene which encodes for myelin associated glycoprotein


cubilin

From CUB domain (protein domain) + -il- (probably arbitrary) + -in (“protein”).

af

(biochemistry) A protein that plays a role in vitamin B₁₂ absorption.


osmoprotection

After receptor binding the toxin inserts into the plasma membrane creating a pore of about 1-2 nm in diameter, as estimated by osmoprotection experiments (Knowles and Ellar, 1987).

1996, Mike J. Lehane, Biology of the Insect Midgut, page 361:

(biology) The mechanism by which the cells of an organism protect themselves against osmotic stress.


pancellular

(biology) Affecting or relating to all cells.


carpelloid

en-adj

carpelloid (comparative more carpelloid, superlative most carpelloid)

more carpelloid (comparative)
most carpelloid (superlative)


carpeloid

carpeloid (comparative more carpeloid, superlative most carpeloid)

more carpeloid (comparative)
most carpeloid (superlative)


staminoid

staminoid (comparative more staminoid, superlative most staminoid)

more staminoid (comparative)
most staminoid (superlative)


varicella zoster virus

en-noun

varicella zoster virus (plural varicella zoster viruses)

Human alphaherpesvirus 3
Human alphaherpesvirus 3#Translingual

(virology) Human alphaherpesvirus 3, the infectious agent that causes chickenpox (varicella) and shingles.


rhynchonelliform

(zoology) Belonging to relating to the Rhynchonelliformea.


rhynchonelliform

(zoology) Any member of the Rhynchonelliformea.


inerm

The cirrus is inerm and slender, measuring 0.1 mm. in length and 0.02 mm. in diameter.

1926, South Africa. Dept. of Agriculture. Division of Veterinary Research, Report (volumes 11-12, page 79)

(botany) Without spines or thorns; inermous.


isopodan

(zoology) Of or relating to the isopods.


B cell coreceptor complex
B cell coreceptor complex

(biochemistry) B-cell and FDC membrane protein involved in the complement system and B cell coreceptor complex, and bound by EBV.


EBV

EBV (countable and uncountable, plural EBVs)

Epstein-Barr virus
Epstein-Barr virus#English

(virology) Initialism of Epstein-Barr virus.


bitscore

bitscores (plural)
bit-score (alternative)
bit score (alternative)

(bioinformatics) A normalised numerical score used to determine the similarity of two lists.


dedoubling

(genetics) The removal of segmental duplication in genomes


Fc receptor

From its binding specificity for the constant part of antibodies known as the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region.

(biochemistry) A protein found on the surface of certain immune and blood cells that binds to antibodies attached to infected cells or invading pathogens, enabling antibody-mediated phagocytosis or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).


aneuploidization

(genetics) Modification of an organism such that it becomes aneuploid


chaperome

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-chaperome.wav

From chaperone + -ome (suffix indicating the complete whole of a class of substances for a species or an individual), coined by American biochemist Xiaodong Wang and his collaborators in a November 2006 article in Cell: see the quotation.

suffix

The availability of chaperones and cochaperones for folding of cargo will be sensitive to the globalcellular pool that we now define as the chaperome, a general term to define the unique steady-state composition of chaperones and their regulators in a given cell type. It is well established that the chaperome can be altered by multiple signaling pathways to accommodate cellular stress and misfolding load.

2006 November 17, Xiaodong Wang et al., “Hsp90 Cochaperone Aha1 Downregulation Rescues Misfolding of CFTR in Cystic Fibrosis”, in Cell, volume 127, number 4, Cambridge, Mass.: Cell Press, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-08-29, page 813, column 1:

To date data exist to describe the organ-specific distribution and function of many chaperones, but less is known about their cell-type specificity and how this changes in response to different stressors. A systems view on the entire "chaperome" would be essential to understand chaperone function under basal and stress conditions.

2011, Andreas Wyttenbach, Shmma Quraishe, Joanne Bailey, Vincent O’Connor, “Molecular Chaperones in the Mammalian Brain: Regional Distribution, Cellular Compartmentalization and Synaptic Interactions”, in Andreas Wyttenbach, Vincent O’Connor, editors, Folding for the Synapse, New York, N.Y., Dordrecht: Springer, →DOI, →ISBN, part III (Chaperone Modalities and Homeostatic Mechanisms in the Synaptic Compartment), page 124:

The nature of the epichaperome, therefore, which presents as stable, multi-partner complexes affected by strong interactions as opposed to other cellular forms of chaperomes present in dynamic complexes of weak interactions, provide opportunities for its detection through small molecules [...].

2020, Swathi Merugu et al., “Chemical Probes and Methods for Single-cell Detection and Quantification of Epichaperones in Hematologic Malignancies”, in David M. Chenoweth, editor, Chemical Tools for Imaging, Manipulating, and Tracking Biological Systems: Diverse Methods for Optical Imaging and Conjugation (Methods in Enzymology; 639), Cambridge, Mass., San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, section 2.4 (Epichaperome Probes), page 294:

In another study, Brehme et al. have examined the chaperome in C. elegans and human. They find that chaperome expression is dramatically affected in human brain aging. At the same time, chaperome dynamics are associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases.

2020, Kun Wang, Yu Shang, Fei Dou, “Brain Aging: Hsp90 and Neurodegenerative Diseases”, in Zhao Wang, editor, Aging and Aging-related Diseases: Mechanisms and Interventions (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; 1086), Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 96:

Redundancy in the chaperome networks is evidenced in a number of large-scale investigations where individual chaperomes were either genetically deleted or pharmacologically inhibited.

2020, Pengrong Yan, Tai Wang, Monica L. Guzman, Radu I. Peter, Gabriela Chiosis, “Chaperome Networks – Redundancy and Implications for Cancer Treatment”, in Marc Laurence Mendillo, David Pincus, Ruth Scherz-Shouval, editors, HSF1 and Molecular Chaperones in Biology and Cancer (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; 1243), Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, part II (Function), section 6.3 (Chaperome Network Redundancy), page 90, column 2:

(biochemistry) All the proteins called chaperones that assist in the folding of misfolded proteins in an organism, and other functions.


hemophore

(biochemistry) Any material that transports heme across a cell membrane


pantetheinase

(biochemistry) Any pantetheine hydrolase


hyperphoresy

2011, L. T. Sabagh, R. J. P. Dias, C. W. Branco, C. F. D. Rocha, New records of phoresy and hyperphoresy among treefrogs, ostracods, and ciliates in bromeliad of Atlantic forest, in Biodivers. Conserv. 20, 1837–1841

Hyperphoresy, when one organism is being transported by another that is also in the process of being transported, is extremely rare in the fossil record but does occur (Fig. 203).

2014, David Penney, James E Jepson, Fossil Insects: An introduction to palaeoentomology, →ISBN, page 168:

(biology, entomology) The situation of one organism carrying another organism, which is itself carrying a third organism, due to phoresy.


trophophoretic

From trophophoresy + -etic or tropho- + phoretic.

This latter form of trophobiosis has been termed trophophoresy (LaPolla et al. 2002). Only two ant genera are known to contain trophophoretic species: Acropyga (Formicinae), in which all 37 species are thought to be trophophoretic, and [...]

2006, Insect Systematics & Evolution, page 198:

In the Solomons, A. lauta is reported as being trophophoretic (Johnson et al., 2001), and has been associated with the mealybugs Eumyrmoccus kolobangarae and E. kusiacus (LaPolla, 2004).

2012, Eli M. Sarnat, Evan P. Economo, The Ants of Fiji, →ISBN, page 43:

(biology, entomology) Exhibiting trophophoresy.


trophophoresy

From tropho- + phoresy. Coined by John S. LaPolla in 2002.

The mealybug-tending ant A. epedana is an obligate coccidiphile with trophophoretic queens. Trophophoresy is defined as the behavior of a foundress queen transporting a trophobiont on her mating flight for the establishment of a new mealybug "herd" in her new colony.

2002 December 7, “Natural History of the Mealybug-Tending Ant, Acropyga epedana, with Descriptions of the Male and Queen Castes”, in Transactions of the American Entomological Society, volume 128, number 4, page 367:

Acropyga spp. ants show obligate trophophoresy with mealybugs, in which newly mated queens carry a mealybug with them when founding new colonies.

2007, M. J. Wade, “The co-evolutionary genetics of ecological communities”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Nature Reviews Genetics:

All insect fungus gardeners propagate their primary fungi as clonal monocultures within their nests and mostly across generations too (trophophoresy from parent to offspring in the ants and the beetles).

2007, P. H. W. Biedermann, Social behaviour in sib mating fungus farmers:

(biology, entomology) A form of trophobiosis in which one creature carries another creature to another location to farm it (harvest food from it, often after feeding it) there.


hyperphoretic

From hyperphoresy + -etic or hyper- + phoretic.

(biology, entomology) Exhibiting hyperphoresy.


holobasidium

(mycology) A nonseptate unicellular basidium


roundleaf

(botany, in the names of plants) Having round leaves.


hypobasidium

(mycology) the cell at the base of a basidium


epibasidium

(mycology) long and usually tapered outgrowths at the top of a basidium, bearing basidiospores


bioprecursor

(biochemistry) The precursor of a biochemical compound, especially when the basis of a prodrug


quercoid

en-adj

quercoid (comparative more quercoid, superlative most quercoid)

more quercoid (comparative)
most quercoid (superlative)

(botany) Resembling or characteristic of an oak.


sneaker male

(biology) A male that pretends to be a female in order to get close to a female for mating.


merosporangium

(mycology) A cylindrical sporangiolum found in zygomycetes.


rhamnosylglucoside

(biochemistry) Any glucoside that also contains rhamnosyl residues


rhamnosylglycoside

(biochemistry) Any glycoside that contains rhamnosyl residues


archimollusc

(biology) A hypothetical primitive mollusc representing the MRCA of the Mollusca.


Bruce effect

(zoology) The tendency for female rodents to terminate their pregnancies following exposure to the scent of an unfamiliar male.


argifin

(biochemistry) A cyclopentapeptide, produced by species of genus Gliocephalis (syn. Gliocladium), that inhibits chitinases.


desosamine

(biochemistry) The amino sugar 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-D-xylo-hexose that is a component of some macrolide antibiotics


edeine

(biochemistry) A polypeptide antibiotic, produced by Brevibacillus brevis (syn. Bacillus brevis), that inhibits initiation of polyphenylalanine


ataxophragmiid

(zoology) Any any of the foraminifers in the family Ataxophragmiidae.


spiroplectamminid

(zoology) Any foram in the family Spiroplectamminidae.


lituolid

(zoology) Any foraminifer in the family Lituolidae.


hormosinid

(zoology) Any foraminifer in the family Hormosinidae.


trochamminid

(zoology) Any foram in the family Trochamminidae.


holocarboxylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses multiple carboxylation or decarboxylation reactions, especially those involving biotin


neocasomorphin

(biochemistry) A newly-discovered form of the peptide casomorphin


systylious

(botany) In which the operculum remains attached to the columella after dehiscence.


fundatrix

(zoology) A female aphid hatched in the spring from an overwintering egg.


virginopara

(zoology) An aphid produced by parthenogenesis, identical in genotype to its mother.


virginoparous

(zoology) Being or relating to a virginopara.


biotemperature

(biology) The mean value of daily mean temperature above 0°C, divided by 365.


idioadaptive

(biology) Describing the evolution of an organism that does not give rise to a different species


muricacean

From Myricacea ("superfamily of gastropods"), (ultimately from Murex) + -an.

(zoology) Any member of the superfamily Muricacea (accepter name: Muricoidea).


muricacean

a muricacean gastropod

(zoology) Of or relating to the superfamily Myricacea of gastropods.


japalura

(zoology) Any lizard of the genus Japalura.


organify

en-verb

organify (third-person singular simple present organifies, present participle organifying, simple past and past participle organified)

organifies (present singular third-person)
organifying (participle present)
organified (participle past)
organified (past)

Thyroid cells, in contrast to other cells, have the capability to organify iodine, which increases the time radioiodine can deposit energy.

2008, Kevin J. Harrington, Richard G. Vile, Hardev S. Pandha, Viral Therapy of Cancer, page 336:

(biology, transitive) To stabilize (a material) within an organ.


mimoseous

en-adj

mimoseous (comparative more mimoseous, superlative most mimoseous)

more mimoseous (comparative)
most mimoseous (superlative)

(botany, archaic) Resembling the mimosa plant.


-ptile

Representing the Ancient Greek πτῐ́λον (ptĭ́lon, “feather”, “down”; “leaf”); in the botanical sense denoting leaves, probably after the French -ptile. Compare ptilo-.

der

coleoptile, endoptile, exoptile

(botany, forming adjectives and nouns) type of leaf

neossoptile, teleoptile, trichoptile

(ornithology, forming nouns) type of plumage


ptilocerque

The Ptilocerque, which is an inhabitant of Borneo and Sarawak, is between five and six inches long, with a tail rather longer than the body.

1890, Grace Townsend, Friend and Foe from Field and Forest: A Natural History of the Mammalia:

pen-tailed treeshrew
pen-tailed treeshrew#English

(zoology, obsolete, rare) Synonym of pen-tailed treeshrew.


bisintercalator

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any compound that binds to DNA via two intercalating groups.


LYST

lysosomal trafficking regulator
lysosomal trafficking regulator

Chédiak-Higashi syndrome
Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

(genetics) A gene encoding the vesicular transport protein lysosomal trafficking regulator, which is associated with the Chédiak-Higashi syndrome.


teretiform

en-adj

teretiform (comparative more teretiform, superlative most teretiform)

more teretiform (comparative)
most teretiform (superlative)

Isidia numerous and dense to rather sparse, superficial (also marginal), concolorous with thallus or darker, squamiform (entire or a little incised) or some more teretiform, when young ± globular (often they grow out still remaining on thallus, forming small accessory lobules as in C. crispum, see Degelius 1954 pp. 38, 284).

1972, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis: Symbolae botanicae Upsalienses:

The phyllocladia are granulose, squamulose, yerrucose, Subfoliose or cylindrical teretiform in the different species, and are corticated, with photobiont stratum below cortex (Fig. 3.6). The teretiform phyllocladia have almost the same morphology as that of a branch of pseudopodetium.

2000, Dharani Dhar Awasthi, A Hand Book Of Lichens, page 28:


slimeway

(mycology) The track of slime connecting the spindle cells of certain slime moulds, composed of extracellular matrix.


spindle cell

(mycology) An amoeboid cell in a slime net.


Spitzenkorper

Borrowed from German Spitzenkörper, from Spitze (“point”) + Körper (“body”).

(mycology) A region at the apex of the hyphae in certain fungi, which is refractive.


HTP

en-noun

HTP (countable and uncountable, plural HTPs)

(biochemistry) Initialism of hydroxytryptophan.


Whitten effect

Observed by Wesley K. Whitten in the mid-20th century.

(biology) The situation where male pheromones stimulate synchronous estrus in a female population.


Coolidge effect

Coolidge effect (plural Coolidge effects)

First used in a 1955 publication by behavioral endocrinologist Frank A. Beach, to whom it was suggested by a student, in reference to a joke about US president Calvin Coolidge and sexual promiscuity.

(biology, psychology) A phenomenon in animal species whereby males (and to a lesser extent females) exhibit renewed sexual interest if introduced to new receptive sexual partners, even after cessation of sex with prior but still available sexual partners.


kinetofragminophoran

(zoology) Belonging to the Kinetofragminophora.


kinetofragminophoran

(zoology) Any member of the Kinetofragminophora.


iridoplast

(biology) Any of the epidermal chloroplasts of certain plants that contain tiny regular structures that focus light


Lee-Boot effect

Lee-Boot effect (plural Lee-Boot effects)

Described in a 1956 paper by S. van der Lee and L. M. Boot.

(biology) A phenomenon concerning the suppression or prolongation of estrous cycles of mature female mice (and other rodents), when females are housed in groups and isolated from males.


KSHV

(virology, oncology) Initialism of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.