New Pangaea

The New Pangaea’s threat to global species diversity disappeared because we looked at the species–area curve among provinces. But the same curve predicts the effect of area-loss itself.

2001 March, Michael L. Rosenzweig, “The four questions: What does the introduction of exotic species do to diversity?”, in Evolutionary Ecology Research, volume 3, number 3, pages 361–367:

According to the Olden paper, in the New Pangaea many species will become more uniform genetically.

2003 October 7, Carl Zimmer, “The New Pangaea”, in Science:

By transporting Asian species to North America, and North American species to Australia, and Australian species to Africa, and European species to Antarctica, we are, in effect, reassembling the world into one enormous supercontinent—what biologists sometimes refer to as the New Pangaea.

[2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, chapter 10, in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Henry Holt and Company:

(ecology) A notional supercontinent created through global travel and commerce, and the resulting worldwide dispersal of alien species.


vasodentin

(zoology) Dentin containing capillaries found in some vertebrates.


creeping gromwell

en-noun

creeping gromwell (plural creeping gromwells)


blue creeping gromwell

blue creeping gromwell (plural blue creeping gromwells)

creeping gromwell
creeping gromwell#English


phyllodinous

en-adj

phyllodinous (comparative more phyllodinous, superlative most phyllodinous)

more phyllodinous (comparative)
most phyllodinous (superlative)


glyptosaurine

Clipping of translingual Glyptosaurinae + -ine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Glyptosaurinae</i>

suf

(paleontology, zoology) Any extinct anguid lizard of the subfamily Glyptosaurinae, known for their osteoderms.


obdeltate

(botany) In the shape of an equilateral triangle with the apex at the base.


tyro-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek τῡρός (tūrós, “cheese”).

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary


nucleoconch

en-noun

nucleoconch (plural nucleoconchs or nucleoconches)

nucleoconchs (plural)
nucleoconches (plural)

This nucleoconch is less than half the size of that seen in the sections of D. crassa.

1945, John West Wells, American Old and Middle Tertiary Larger Foraminifera and Corals, page 77:

A microspheric nucleoconch does not have an obvious deuteroconch, and is followed by a spiral nepionic stage, no matter what the adult chamber arrangement may be.

1954, Alan Hilder Smout, Lower Tertiary Foraminifera of the Qatar Peninsula, British Museum (Natural History), page 25:

(zoology) The embryonic shell of a foraminifera, especially the protoconch and deuteroconch of a megalospheric form.


whitevein

(botany) Having white veins; applied to the perennial herb Pyrola picta.


bilicyanin

From international scientific vocabulary, from German Bilicyanin. By surface analysis, bili- + cyan- + -in. The German word was naturalized into other languages as international scientific vocabulary (e.g., bilicyanin, bilicyanine).

surf

(biochemistry) A blue (or bluish) bile pigment found in gallstones and formed by oxidation of biliverdin or bilirubin.


wyrilda

(botany) Acacia confluens, found in Australia.


retypification

en-noun

retypification (usually uncountable, plural retypifications)

(botany) The act of typifying again (selection of a new type specimen or type species).


licinine

(entomology) Any member of the Licininae subfamily of beetles.


amoebo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from amoeba.

ameb- (alternative)
amebo- (alternative)
amoeb- (alternative)
amœb- (alternative)
amœbo- (alternative)


lamb's cress

lamb's cress (countable and uncountable, plural lamb's cresses)

lamb's cresses (plural)
lambscress (alternative)
land cress (alternative)
landcress (alternative)

From Middle English *lambes-cresse, from Old English lambes cerse (“lamb's cress”), equivalent to lamb + -'s + cress.

inh

(botany) An annual or biennial species of plant (Cardamine hirsuta) in the family Brassicaceae that is edible as a salad green.


littorarian

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Littoraria</i>

(zoology) Any sea snail in the genus Littoraria, which are a genus of periwinkles.


warty thick-toed gecko

en-noun

warty thick-toed gecko (plural warty thick-toed geckos or warty thick-toed geckoes)

warty thick-toed geckos (plural)
warty thick-toed geckoes (plural)

From warty + thick-toed gecko (gecko of genus "Elasmodactylus").

com

(zoology) Elasmodactylus tuberculosus, a species of eastern-African gecko.


ascar-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from New Latin Ascarididae.

(biology, medicine) Parasitic nematodal helminths of family Ascarididae.


supratrochanteric

(zoology, anatomy) Above the trochanter of the femur.


metatars-

(biology, medicine) Alternative form of metatarso-.


metatarso-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from New Latin metatarsus (whence also English metatarsus).


metacarp-

(biology, medicine) Alternative form of metacarpo-.


allant-

(biology, medicine) Alternative form of allanto- (before a vowel)


alveol-

(biology, medicine) Alternative form of alveolo- (before a vowel)


CAPP

(biochemistry) Acronym of ceramide-activated protein phosphatase.


adnavirus

(virology) Any member of the realm Adnaviria of viruses.


aspergillomycosis

(biology, medicine) A fungal infection by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, as:

(usually strictly) A specific such disease in some fish, such as tilapia.

(occasionally loosely) Aspergillosis as a pulmonary or cutaneous disease in humans, certain livestock, and some other animals.


aspergill-

(biology, medicine) Alternative form of aspergillo- (before a vowel)


aspergillotoxicosis

en-noun

aspergillotoxicosis (usually uncountable, plural aspergillotoxicoses)

(biology, medicine) Any disease caused by any mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, such as aflatoxicosis.


eulepidine

If it should appear, as Yabe believes (1929), that L. ephippioides is also of the eulepidine type, then there is no specific difference between the two last mentioned species […]

1937, Joseph Augustine Cushman, Raymond Cecil Moore, John Bernard Reeside, Journal of Paleontology, volume 11, page 104:

The embryonic chambers are eulepidine.

1953, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, page 36:

The trybliolepidine type has developed independently from the eulepidine.

2015, Vladimir Pokorný, John W. Neale, Principles of Zoological Micropalaeontology, page 438:

(zoology) Having an embryonic apparatus in which the protoconch is completely enveloped by the deuteroconch, both chambers adhering only at one point of contact.


subjulaceous

en-adj

subjulaceous (comparative more subjulaceous, superlative most subjulaceous)

more subjulaceous (comparative)
most subjulaceous (superlative)


subamentaceous

subamentaceous (comparative more subamentaceous, superlative most subamentaceous)

more subamentaceous (comparative)
most subamentaceous (superlative)

(botany) Somewhat or imperfectly amentaceous.


amygdalo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Latin amygdala; compare also English amygdala § Etymology.


particulate inheritance

(genetics) A pattern of inheritance showing that phenotypic traits can be passed from generation to generation through genes, which can keep their ability to be expressed while not always appearing in a descending generation.


verbenalol

(biochemistry) An aglycone of verbenalin.


motorics

(biology) The motor faculties generally.


aetosaurine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Aetosaurinae</i>

(paleontology) A member of the sufamily Aetosaurinae, of the family Stagonolepididae.


typothoracine

Clipping of translingual Typothoracinae, itself from Typothorax + -inae.

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Typothoracinae</i>

(paleontology) Any stagonolepidid aetosaur of the subfamily Typothoracinae.


ceratitidine

en-adj

ceratitidine (comparative more ceratitidine, superlative most ceratitidine)

more ceratitidine (comparative)
most ceratitidine (superlative)

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Ceratitidi</i>

The research included development of a diagnostic tool for identification of ceratitidine tephritids, and we had an opportunity to test this on maggots that were intercepted from a shipment originating in Europe.

(Can we date this quote?), United States Department of Agriculture, AFRICAN TEPHRITIDAE: INVASIVE SPECIES THREATENING U.S. FRUIT & VEGETABLE PRODUCTS:

(entomology) Related to flies of the tephritid tribe Ceratitidini.


dacine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Dacinae</i>

Objective 3 included the incorporation of several thousand additional specimens into the web-accessible, Afrotropical tephritid database (M. De Meyer and I. White) and the revision of Afrotropical dacines (White).

(entomology) Any fruit fly of the tephritid subfamily Dacinae.


acanthocinine

Also collected one A. cazieri on a rain gauge, Mecas rotundicollis and one as yet undetermined acanthocinine cerambycid on miscellaneous foliage, one tiger beetle (Cicindela sedecimpunctata?) on the roadside, and two orange lycids in flight.

2022 May 14, Ted C. MacRae, Cupressaceae:

(entomology) Any longhorn beetle of the tribe Acanthocinini.


bumelia borer

A notable find was the pile of larval frass of Plinthocoelium suaveolens (bumelia borer) at the base of a living Sideroxylon lanuginosum (gum bumelia) tree—a sure sign of active infestation by a beetle I have yet to formally record from this place.

(coleopterology, entomology) Plinthocoelium suaveolens, a species of beetle which bores into bumelia trees.


cactus longhorn beetle

en-noun

cactus longhorn beetle (plural cactus longhorn beetles)

We checked the cholla (Cylindropuntia imbricata) along the way hoping to see Coenopoeus palmeri (one of the cactus longhorns, which I’m not sure has been recorded from Oklahoma) or at least one of the more widespread Moneilema species, but none were seen (nor really expected).

(coleopterology, entomology) Any beetle of the genus Moneilema, which are commonly found on cacti.


cryptocephaline

From ultimately translingual Cryptocephalus + -ine.

suf

ultimately translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Cryptocephalus</i>

I rarely get anything beating Sideroxylon lanuginosum (gum bumelia), but I beat most of the trees that I saw anyway and collected one cryptocephaline chrysomelid and two curculionoids.

(entomology) Of or pertaining to the subfamily Cryptocephalinae or the tribe Cryptocephalini.


clytrine

I was committed to trying to find Agrilus on the plants—a single individual of which I’d beaten from the plants three days earlier, and after beating several plants and seeing none (but collecting a great number of clytrine and cryptocephaline chrysomelids along with other insects) I finally found one!

(entomology) Of or pertaining to the beetles of the tribe Clytrini or the former family Clytrinae.


L-xylulokinase

en-noun

L-xylulokinase (countable and uncountable, plural L-xylulokinases)

adenosine triphosphate
adenosine triphosphate

adenosine diphosphate
adenosine diphosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate
L-xylulose 5-phosphate

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and L-xylulose, producing ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and L-xylulose 5-phosphate. It's a phosphotransferase used in metabolism.


suchomimus

suchomimus (plural suchomimus or suchomimuses)

suchomimus (plural)
suchomimuses (plural)

Borrowed from translingual Suchomimus, from sucho- + Latin mīmus (“mimic”).

(paleontology) Any spinosaurid dinosaur in the genus Suchomimus from the Early Cretaceous Period.


informal group

(taxonomy) Sometimes used to indicate that a formerly accepted taxonomic group is considered not to be paraphyletic or polyphyletic.


subterclass

From Latin subter (“below, underneath”) + class.

(taxonomy) A taxonomic rank below infraclass.


ankylurethria

(biology, medicine) Impaired patency of the urethra owing to any sort of fusion that either partially or completely obstructs its lumen (for example, stricture due to adhesions).


enoplan

(zoology) Of or relating to the worms of the class Enopla.


true sole

(ichthyology) Any sole of the family Soleidae.


necromorphous

(biology) Of a pupa: resembling the imago except for being perfectly quiescent, as if dead.


vernacular name

vernacular name (plural vernacular names)

(taxonomy) A name other than a taxonomic name, in a vernacular language, used to refer to an organism, often corresponding to a taxonomic name, but often not.


taxonomic name

(biology) A name, Latin in form, used to identify, in principle unambiguously, an organism (or group of organisms), formerly usually based solely on shared morphological feature, now usually on hypothesized common evolutionary descent.


netleaf

(botany) Applied to certain plants having reticulated or net-like leaves.


daspletosaur

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Daspletosaurus</i>

(paleontology) Any dinosaur in the genus Daspletosaurus.


tyrannoraptoran

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Tyrannoraptora</i>

(paleontology) Any dinosaur of the clade Tyrannoraptora.


alamosaur

Clipping of translingual Alamosaurus, often misattributed to the Alamo.

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Alamosaurus</i>

(paleontology) Any dinosaur in the genus Alamosaurus.


argentinosaur

Clipping of translingual Argentinosaurus

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Argentinosaurus</i>

(paleontology) Any sauropod of the genus Argentinosaurus.


tsintaosaurin

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Tsintaosaurini</i>

(paleontology) Any ornithopod of the tribe Tsintaosaurini.


aralosaurin

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Aralosaurini</i>

(paleontology) Any dinosaur of the tribe Aralosaurini.


hadrosauromorph

Clipping of translingual Hadrosauromorpha

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Hadrosauromorpha</i>

Phylogenetic analysis positions Gobihadros mongoliensis as a Bactrosaurus-grade hadrosauromorph hadrosauroid.

2019 April 17, Khishigjav Tsogtbaatar, David B. Weishampel, David C. Evans, Mahito Watabe, A new hadrosauroid (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) from the Late Cretaceous Baynshire Formation of the Gobi Desert (Mongolia):

In the background are a small horned dinosaur known as Zuniceratops and the hadrosauromorph Jeyawati

2019 May 6, Photos: Tiny Tyrannosaur Dinosaur Was About As Big As T. Rex's Skull:

Smaller specimens are identifiable as juvenile hadrosauromorphs.

2020 August 15, Chase Doran Brownstein, Osteology and phylogeny of small-bodied hadrosauromorphs from an end-Cretaceous marine assemblage:

(paleontology) Any ornithopod of the clade Hadrosauromorpha.


dilophosaur

dilophosaurs (plural)
dilophosaurus (alternative)

Clipping of the taxonomic name Dilophosaurus.

The Dilophosaurus (dye-LA-fuh-SAWR-us), also shortened to Dilophosaur or even more so Dilo, is one of the dinosaurs in ARK: Survival Evolved.

(Can we date this quote?), Dilophosaur - Ark: Survival Evolved Wiki:

See the Dilophosaur up close and explore more of Utah's dinosaurs and prehistoric past at Moab Giants Dinosaur Park.

(Can we date this quote?), DILOPHOSAUR: TRACKMAKER OF THE KAYENTAPUS FOOTPRINT:

(paleontology) Any theropod of the genus Dilophosaurus from the Jurassic, distinguished by having two plates on its head.


sisoroid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Sisoroidea superfamily of catfish.


adelophthalmid

(paleontology) Any member of the Adelophthalmidae family of eurypterids.


waeringopteroid

(paleontology) Any member of the Waeringopteroidea superfamily of extinct eurypterids.


pterygotioid

(paleontology) Any member of the Pterygotioidea superfamily of extinct eurypterids


WGS

We also ensured that the cell lines were derived from participants for whom whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data were available for both parents (for haplotype phasing).

2023 May 11, Wen-Wei LiaoMobin AsriJana Ebleret al., “A draft human pangenome reference”, in Nature, volume 617, →DOI, page 313:

whole genome sequencing
w:whole genome sequencing

(genetics) Initialism of whole genome sequencing.


zhelestid

The dinosaurs arriving from Asia proved the hardiest immigrants, though zhelestids (primitive insect-eating mammals that resembled elephant shrews) also somehow made it.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 31:

(paleontology) An extinct eutherian mammal of the family Zhelestidae.


anteroverted

en-adj

anteroverted (comparative more anteroverted, superlative most anteroverted)

more anteroverted (comparative)
most anteroverted (superlative)
antroverted (alternative)

/ˌæn.t͡ʃɹəˈvɝː.tɪd/

The head is small and placed upon a short, distinct neck, and is thus less sessile than in Proterotherium, more antroverted and with the pit for the round ligament less extended proximally, but of similar ovoid shape, with the long axis directed anteroposteriorly.

1901, John Bell Hatcher, Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896-1899, volume 7:

If the uterus is sharply antroverted or retroverted, it is often difficult to determine whether the os is open or closed as the axis of the cervix and the endometrial cavity lie in different planes.

1999, Robert G. Dart, Beth Kaplan, Kalli Varaklis, “Predictive value of history and physical examination in patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy”, in Annals of Emergency Medicine, volume 33, number 3, →DOI:

The operator maintains a view on the image screen as the transducer is advanced along the anterior vaginal wall, with the goal of final placement in the anterior fornix for the 90% of patients with an anteroverted uterus.

2017, James A. Connolly, Beatrice Hoffmann, Anthony J. Dean, Robert D. Jarman, Emergency Point-of-Care Ultrasound, page 129:


hantkeninid

But la grande coupure occurred in two pulses about 350,000 years apart, just after the last hantkeninids found their eternal rest.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 82:

(paleontology) A member of the extinct family Hantkeninidae of planktonic foraminifera.


hell pig

As if hell pigs were not enough of a blight on the Oligocene landscape, Europe was home to two more groups of pig-like creatures.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 86:

(zoology) Any extinct pig-like mammal of the family †Entelodontidae; an entelodont.


Strain 121

From strain and 121, the temperature (in Celsius) at which the organism lives.

(microbiology) Geogemma barossii, an archaea, one of the most resilient hyperthermophiles known.


griphopith

From scientific Latin Griphopithecus (genus name).

Griphopiths from all locations have shared derived characters that make them unique and very different from the Early Miocene apes.

2011, Patricia J. Ash, David J. Robinson, The Emergence of Humans:

Griphopiths are the earliest hominids, and their appearance in Europe at least a million years earlier than in Africa suggests that our family most likely arose in Europe—and not, as has been long assumed, in Africa.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 112:

(paleontology) Any of a group of morphologically similar early hominids of the genera Griphopithecus and Kenyapithecus.


Texas ebony

(botany) An evergreen tree of Texas and Mexico, Ebenopsis ebano.


European jaguar

en-noun

European jaguar (plural European jaguars)

The European jaguar inhabited the continent from about 1.6 million years ago until around 500,000 years ago.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 152:

(paleontology) An extinct species of jaguar, Panthera gombaszoegensis, which lived in Europe during the Pleistocene.


yabby pump

→ Japanese: ヤビーポンプ

In eastern Australia, Callianassa can be obtained in quantities with relative ease by using a local invention (the "yabby pump") which will be described. [...] The sale of yabby pumps and live yabbies for bait is an important aspect of amateur angling in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales.

1961, T. S. Hailstone, W. Stephenson, “The Biology of Callianassa (Trypaea) australiensis Dana 1852 (Crustacea, Thalassinidea)”, in University of Queensland Papers: Department of Zoology, volume I, number 12, pages 260–261:

The specimens were collected with a yabby pump in Carenero lagoon, South coast of La Tortuga Island (10º53’N 65º14’W), Venezuela.

2005, I. Hernández-Ávila, C. Lira, G. Hernández, J. Bolaños, “Upogebia vasquezi Ngoc-Ho, 1989 (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Upogebiidae): First Record for Venezuela”, in Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela, Universidad de Oriente, volume 44, number 2, page 119:

Penny placed the yabby pump on top of a hole in the sandflat and pulled back on the handle, sucking up mud and life.

2007, J. Woodford, chapter 12, in Whitecap, page 132:

The gobies Eutaeniichthys gilli and Gymnogobius scrobiculatus were collected from burrows of the mud shrimp Upogebia yokoyai at low tide by digging and using a yabby pump from April 2007 to September 2008 at Susaki Bay, Kochi Prefecture, Japan.

2014, Henmi Y., Iwata Y., Itani G., “ヒモハゼとクボハゼによる干潮時のヨコヤアナジャコの巣穴利用 [Associations of the gobies Eutaeniichthys gilli and Gymnogobius scrobiculatus with burrows of the mud shrimp Upogebia yokoyai at low tide]”, in 日本ベントス学会誌 [Japanese Journal of Benthology], volume 69, page 69:

(Australia, biology) A large hand-operated syringe-like suction pump, made of metal tubing with a rubber plunger, used to harvest ghost shrimp (prototypically the marine yabby) and other burrowing crustaceans from intertidal environments.


trichodermial

(mycology) With roughly parallel chains of closely packed cells.


SCHMOOSE

SCHMOOSE (countable and uncountable, plural SCHMOOSEs)

SCHMOOSEs (plural)
Schmoose (alternative)
schmoose (alternative)

(biochemistry) A brain microprotein produced by mitochondria, malformed forms of which are thought to be involved in Alzheimer's


submargin

The ears are brownish, more or less rusty, the extreme edge whitish, particularly on the posterior border, the apical third externally with a submargin of black, expanding towards the tip into a broad blackish subapical spot.

1894, Joel Asaph Allen, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, page 108:

Glumes slightly unequal […] ; florets slightly shorter than the longer glume; lemma ciliate on the margins or submargins in the upper part

2005, Katy Mallett, Flora of Australia (volume 44, part 2, page 137)

(entomology) An area parallel to a margin but slightly further in.


blending inheritance

(biology, historical) The obsolete theory that progeny inherits any characteristic as the average of the parents' values, so for example crossing a red and a white variety of flower would yield pink-flowered offspring.


synizetic

en-adj

synizetic (comparative more synizetic, superlative most synizetic)

more synizetic (comparative)
most synizetic (superlative)

(grammar, biology, rare) Resulting from synizesis.


nympho-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “bride, young woman, adolescent girl”).

der

(biology, medicine) nympha, nymphae (labia minora).


embolo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from embolus.

(biology, medicine) embolus; embolic; embolism.


dithrycine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Dithrycini</i>

... Artemisia (B. Merz, unpublished data); however, Ptiloedaspis does not share synapomorphies with other dithrycines, which induce stem galls on Artemisia.

(Can we date this quote?), Phylogenetic relationships, ecology and ecological genetics of cecidogeneous Tephritidae. Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W., Withers, T. M., eds: Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods. Enfield, New Hampshire, USA:

(entomology) Any fly of the tribe Dithrycini.


anomine

(entomology) Any moth of the tribe Anomini.


ephemeroid

(ecology) Any kind of short-lived plant.


subumbellated

(botany) Synonym of subumbellate (“almost umbellate”).


flatnose

the flatnose catshark

the flatnose xenocongrid eel

(zoology) Designating various organisms that have a flat nose.


tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone

(biochemistry) An endogenous neurosteroid, synthesized from the adrenal hormone deoxycorticosterone by the action of two enzymes, 5α-reductasetype I and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.


walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus

en-noun

walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus (plural walleye epidermal hyperplasia viruses)

walleye epidermal hyperplasia viruses (plural)

From walleye + epidermal + hyperplasia + virus.

com

walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus 1
walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus 1

walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus 2
walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus 2

(virology) Either of two groups of epsilonretrovirus, walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus 1 (WEHV-1) and walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus 2 (WEHV-2).


clausilid

(malacology) Any member of the Clausiliidae family of terrestrial snails.


Elapid venoms mainly comprise peptides and proteins from seven families; secreted phospholipases A2 (PLA2s)^(32,33,34,35,36) and three-finger toxins (3FTxs)^(36,37,38,39) are often major constituents and have a dominant role in the action of the venom, […]

2022 June 10, Oliveira, A.L., Viegas, M.F., da Silva, S.L. et al., “The chemistry of snake venom and its medicinal potential”, in Nature Reviews Chemistry, volume 6, →DOI, page 453:

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of three-finger toxin.


laminiplantation

(zoology, rare) The quality of being laminiplantar.


Peckhamian

From Peckham + -ian, after George and Elizabeth Peckham.

(zoology) Of or relating to aggressive mimicry.


aggressive mimicry

(zoology) A form of mimicry in which predators, parasites, or parasitoids share similar signals, using a harmless model, allowing them to avoid being correctly identified by their prey or host.


diprotodontoid

(zoology) Any marsupial in the vombatiform superfamily Diprotodontoidea.


quinohaemoprotein

From quino- + haemo- + protein.
Coined by B W Groen, M A van Kleef, and J A Duine in 1986 in https://doi.org/10.1042%2Fbj2340611

(biochemistry) Any of a class of proteins that have haem and quinone as cofactors


landolphia

(botany) Any of the plants of the genus Landolphia.


larvarium

/lɑːˈvɛəɹi.əm/

Such a range of shelving, facing north, forms an excellent larvarium; the winds will blow about your larvæ and they will be reared in a state which closely approaches the natural one.

1943, Philip Bertram Murray Allan, Talking of Moths, page 318:

At the end of his so remote, so near, 1884 summer Van, before leaving Ardis, was to make a visit of adieu to Ada's larvarium.

1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor: A Family Chronicle:


legumelin

en-noun

legumelin (countable and uncountable, plural legumelins)

(biochemistry) An albumin found in the seeds of various leguminous plants.


lepidodendraceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Lepidodendraceae.


lestobiosis

(biology) The habit of certain insects of living within the nests of another species in order to steal food from their stores.


xenocongrid

The vomerine dentition in a single median series distinguishes it from these and all other xenocongrids […]

1939, Notulae Naturae of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, numbers 373-436:

The posterior nostril in xenocongrids lies immediately before the center of the eye, on the outside of the upper lip, or inside the confines of the mouth; in the muraenids, it nearly always lies above the eye.

1993, James E. Böhlke, Charles C. G. Chaplin, Fishes of the Bahamas and Adjacent Tropical Waters, page 70:

(zoology) Any eel from the family Xenocongridae, the false morays (chlopsids).


otarine

Apart from having pinnae on the external ears, the otarine seals can at once be distinguished on land from phocids by their method of locomotion.

1972, David Edward Gaskin, Whales, Dolphins and Seals, page 153:

(zoology) Of or relating to the eared seals.


ICK

The composition of the venoms of the first three is dominated by short (3–9-kDa) disulfide-rich peptides that contain the inhibitor cysteine knot (ICK) motif, although heavier proteins, including enzymes, are also present. ICK peptides are structurally very stable and mainly target the nervous system, acting primarily on membrane channels or neuronal receptors^(3,4,5).

2022 June 10, Oliveira, A.L., Viegas, M.F., da Silva, S.L. et al., “The chemistry of snake venom and its medicinal potential”, in Nature Reviews Chemistry, volume 6, →DOI, page 451:

inhibitor cystine knot
w:inhibitor cystine knot

(biochemistry) Initialism of inhibitor cystine knot.


(biochemistry) Abbreviation of phospholipase A2.


LAAO

Other toxins — namely snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs)^(34,36,40,41,42), snake venom serine proteases (SVSPs)^(34,36,43) and l-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs)^(34,44,45,46,47) — represent an average of 6% of elapid venom.

L-amino-acid oxidase
w:L-amino-acid oxidase

(biochemistry) Initialism of L-amino-acid oxidase.


SVMP

(biochemistry) Initialism of snake venom metalloproteinase.


SVSP

(biochemistry) Initialism of snake venom serine protease.


bone-crushing dog

bone-crushing dog (plural bone-crushing dogs)

Carnivore damage and age distribution of the bones of the rhinoceros Teleoceras suggest that the bone-crushing dog Osteoborus, or a related carnivore, significantly influenced the accumulation of some of the vertebrate fossils.

He also saw many bone splinters which appeared to have been worked by humans. (We now know that they were fractured by an extinct family of bone-crushing dogs)

2002, Donald R. Prothero, Robert M. Schoch, Associate Professor of Science and Mathematics Robert M Schoch, Horns, Tusks, and Flippers: The Evolution of Hoofed Mammals, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 36:

Bone-crushing dogs, which are only distantly related to living wolves and coyotes, possessed heavy skulls and jaws and large, broad teeth.

2010, Rex Buchanan, Kansas Geology: An Introduction to Landscapes, Rocks, Minerals, and Fossils, University Press of Kansas, page 150:

(zoology) Any of a subfamily (Borophaginae) of large extinct canids of North America, noted for powerful teeth and jaws.


nymotypical

The nymotypical form occurs in the high mountains of Europe: the Pyrenees, Alps, Apennines, Carpathians and Balcan; the varietal forms distributed northward to Finland and eastwards to East Siberia.

1908, Adalbert Seitz, The Macrolepidoptera of the World, page 108:

(lepidopterology) The same as the first described form of a species.


rhizostomatid

Clipping of translingual Rhizostomatidae

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Rhizostomatidae</i>

(zoology) Any true jellyfish of the family Rhizostomatidae.


hirsutidin

Catharanthus roseus
Catharanthus roseus#Translingual

(botany, organic chemistry) An O-methylated anthocyanidin, belonging to the anthocyanins, found in Catharanthus roseus petals and calluses.


pyroanthocyanin

(botany, organic chemistry) A type of anthocyanin found in Monnina obtusifolia.


particoloured bat

en-noun

particoloured bat (plural particoloured bats)

(zoology, chiropterology) A species of vesper bat that lives in temperate Eurasia, eastwards over the Caucasus and Iran into Mongolia, northeast China, Korea, Afghanistan and northern Pakistan.


selenophilic

en-adj

selenophilic (comparative more selenophilic, superlative most selenophilic)

more selenophilic (comparative)
most selenophilic (superlative)

In some cases, soil concentrations are such that selenophilic plants can accumulate selenium to toxic concentrations.

1998 March 23, Robert Alan Lewis, Lewis' Dictionary of Toxicology, CRC-Press, →ISBN, page 931:

Nevertheless, the addition of a selenophilic trap is often beneficial as highlighted in a number of the examples in this section.

2015 October 26, Molecular Rearrangements in Organic Synthesis, Wiley, →ISBN, page 614:

(botany, chemistry) Tending to absorb selenium.


forest steppe

(ecology, geography) A temperate-climate ecotone and habitat type composed of grassland interspersed with areas of woodland or forest.


LDH

en-noun

LDH (countable and uncountable, plural LDHs)

lactate dehydrogenase
lactate dehydrogenase#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of lactate dehydrogenase.


Nenets Herding Laika

Nenets Herding Laika (plural Nenets Herding Laikas)

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

(zoology, cynology) An aboriginal spitz landrace of dog originating from the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, in Russia.


co-feed

en-verb

co-feed (third-person singular simple present co-feeds, present participle co-feeding, simple past and past participle co-fed)

co-feeds (present singular third-person)
co-feeding (participle present)
co-fed (participle past)
co-fed (past)

The two ape bands went on to co-feed in the same tree, or forage alongside each other for different foods.

(intransitive, zoology) To feed together with a different taxon


mesophilia

From meso- + -philia. In the paraphilia sense, coined by psychologist Michael Seto in 2016.

(biology) A preference for moderate temperatures.


XLR

(genetics) Abbreviation of X-chromosome linked recessive.


AChE

Coordinate term: BuChE

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of acetylcholinesterase.


BuChE

Coordinate term: AChE

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of butyrylcholinesterase.


creatine monohydrate

(biochemistry) The most common form of creatine, which is similar or identical to endogenous creatine produced in the human body.


Prussian carp

en-noun

Prussian carp (plural Prussian carp or Prussian carps)

Prussian carp (plural)
Prussian carps (plural)

(ichthyology) A member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes other fish such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows.


whitenose

(zoology) Designating various creatures with a white nose.


radiometric age

radiometric age (plural radiometric ages)

2001, Allen H. Andrews, Erica J. Burton, Kenneth H. Coale, Gregor M. Cailliet, Roy E. Crabtree, Radiometric age validation of Atlantic tarpon, Megalops atlanticus, Fishery Bulletin, Volume 99, Issue 3, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, page 394,
For older age groups and individual cores, annulus-derived age was higher than radiometric age by as much as 21.8 years and lower than radiometric age by as much as 23 years.

For additional radiometric ages and references to the radiometric ages in the table above see Dickinson, (1997), Wilson et al., (2005) and Tables A1–A6 in Hall, (2002).

2007, Clarence A. Hall Jr., Introduction to the Geology of Southern California and Its Native Plants, University of California Press, page 129:

Use is made of a smoothing spline fit on the two way plot between the composite standard scaling of the stages (Table 23.2) and radiometric ages.

2012, Felix. M. Gradstein, James G. Ogg, Mark D. Schmitz, Gabi M. Ogg, The Geologic Time Scale 2012, Elsevier, page 638:

(archaeology, paleontology, geology, geochronology) The age of a material as determined by radiometric dating.


subunequal

Suffruticose; ramuli subterete, glabrous; leaves unequal, elliptic-ovate; acuminate-acute, and subunequal at the base, coarsely crenate serrated; […]

1861, Nicol Alexander Dalzell, Alexander Gibson, The Bombay Flora, page 188:

(biology) Barely equal; approaching unequal.


headstarting

For example, headstarting programs are attempting to bolster wild populations of critically endangered Caribbean rock iguanas by raising baby iguanas in captivity and releasing them when they’ve grown large enough to avoid being eaten by invasive predators like cats and mongooses.

2022 October 24, Hannah Thomasy, “They May Have Love on Their Lizard Brains”, in The New York Times:

(biology) A conservation technique for endangered species, in which young animals are raised artificially and subsequently released into the wild.


non-fermenter

(microbiology) Any of a taxonomically heterogeneous group of bacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota that cannot catabolize glucose, and are thus unable to ferment.


Missouri canary

Missouri canary (plural Missouri canaries)

(zoology, rare) A mule; a sterile hybrid of a donkey and a horse.


Blue Sucker

(ichthyology) A long-lived freshwater species of fish in the sucker family that is of conservation concern.


autocolony

This may be because the formation of autocolonies within the mother cell wall is a considerable advance over the condition of free-lying spherical cells, and because along with the development of this autocolonial habit there has gone almost necessarily an axial differentiation of the individual cells.

1914, Gilbert Morgan Smith, The Organization of the Colony in Certain Four-celled Coenobic Algae, page 1175:

This fact is of considerable interest as it shows how the autocolonies of certain of the Autosporaceæ may have arisen.

1916, George Stephen West, Algæ, page 219:

Autocolonies of 8 cells were occasional, and of 4 cells quite frequent.

1929, University of Pennsylvania. Botanical Laboratory, Contributions from the Botanical Laboratory and the Morris Arboretum, page 168:

(botany) A daughter colony formed inside a cell of a parent colony.


fushi tarazu

fushi tarazus (plural)
ftz (alternative)

Borrowed from Japanese 節足らず (fushi-tarazu, literally “segment-deficient”), in reference to the absence of parasegments when not expressed.

bor+

(biochemistry) A Drosophila pair-rule gene that is responsible for the development of even-numbered (i.e. half of the) parasegments.


meadow jumping mouse

en-noun

meadow jumping mouse (plural meadow jumping mice)

(zoology) A jumping mouse found in moist habitats throughout much of Canada and the northeastern United States, Zapus hudsonius.


CEBPB

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta
w:CEBPB

(biochemistry) Initialism of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta.


lygosomine

In both these studies, the lygosomine skinks examined had a diploid number of 2n = 30.

1979, New Zealand Journal of Zoology, volume 6, number 3, page 609:

Not all of the wholly viviparous lygosomine genera are likely to represent independent origins of viviparity; some may have inherited viviparity from a live-bearing ancestor.

2004, D. R. Khanna, Biology of Reptiles, page 221:

The agamid Physignathus lesueurii is at least semi-aquatic as are four members of the Australian lygosomine skink genus Eulamprus (E. quoyii, E. leuraensis, E. kosciuskoi, E. tympanum).

2008, E. V. Balian, C. Lévêque, H. Segers, Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment, page 584:

(zoology) Any skink belonging to the subfamily Lygosominae.


gorilline

A very fragmentary canine tooth of a putative "gorilline” was reported by Cecchi and Pickford in 1989 from Nkondo, western Uganda, dating to perhaps 3.5 ma ( see Boaz, 1994 ).

1995, Noel Thomas Boaz, Linda D. Wolfe, Biological Anthropology: The State of the Science, page 36:

In this contribution we adopt a less radical solution: we lump all the great apes into the family Hominidae; within that grouping, we recognizes ^([sic]) three living subfamilies, the Ponginae (or “pongines”) for the orangutans, the Gorillinae (or “gorillines”) for the gorillas, and the Homininae (or "hominines") for both modern humans and chimpanzees.

2004, Joel Cracraft, Michael J. Donoghue, Assembling the Tree of Life, page 518:

Its dental traits strongly indicate that it is the earliest species of the subfamily Gorillinae, suggesting that the last common ancestor between hominines (chimpanzees and humans) and gorillines may have lived more than 10 million years ago, that is, 2 million years earlier than the previously believed date of divergence based on DNA molecular-clock calibrations.

2010, H. James Birx, 21st Century Anthropology: A Reference Handbook:

(zoology) Any hominid in the proposed subfamily Gorillinae (corresponding to the tribus Gorillini).


shortia

(botany) Any of the subshrubs and perennial herbs of the genus Shortia.


sinningia

(botany) Any plant of the genus Sinningia.


water-rat

(zoology) Alternative form of water rat.


passaloid

(entomology, rare) Any member of the Passaloidea superfamily of beetles.


pyorubin

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#Translingual

(biochemistry) A red pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


acteonoid

(malacology) Any member of the Acteonoidea superfamily of snails.


bullulate

en-adj

bullulate (comparative more bullulate, superlative most bullulate)

more bullulate (comparative)
most bullulate (superlative)


vlsE

(bacteriology, genetics) A gene coding for a lipoprotein (VlsE) in Borrelia mayonii.


VlsE

(bacteriology, biochemistry) A lipoprotein from Borrelia mayonii involved in Lyme disease.


DPV

duck plague virus
duck plague virus#English

(biology) Initialism of duck plague virus.


colymbosaurine

(paleontology) Any member of the Colymbosaurinae subfamily of plesiosaurs


secundly

[…] stem prostrate with a terminal tuft of secundly curved linear leaves […]

1894, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Orchideae to Cyperaceae, page 268:

(botany, zoology) In a secund arrangement.


(biochemistry) Abbreviation of formin-binding protein 1


fungus-growing ant

en-noun

fungus-growing ant (plural fungus-growing ants)

Fungus-growing ants (Attini) are in reality unique fungus-culturing insects.

1966 August 5, NEAL A. WEBER, “Fungus-Growing Ants: A symbiotic relationship exists between an insect and a plant, involving an effective culturing technique.”, in Science.org:

The fungus-growing ants are a New World group of > 200 species, all obligate symbionts with a fungus they use for food.

(Can we date this quote?), “Fungus growing ants”, in AntWiki:

(entomology) Any ant of the tribe Attini, which grow fungi in their ant colonies using food scraps, the fungi are then used to feed the colony.


Sahara pump theory

(biology, paleontology) A hypothesis that explains the manner in which flora and fauna migrated between Eurasia and Africa using a land bridge in the Levant region, based on the idea that there were periods of abundant rainfall lasting thousands of years in Africa and associated with a "wet-green Sahara" phase, during which larger lakes and more rivers existed.


pseudomorphine

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudomorphine.wav

Relationships of pseudomorphines to other harpaline tribes are unsettled as stated by Deuve (1993: 98).

2012, Yves Bousquet, Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, North of Mexico, page 66:

Known only from trap samples, nothing is known about their habits, although researchers suspect that they may be associated with ants or termites, like other pseudomorphines.

2023, Arthur V. Evans, The Lives of Beetles: A Natural History of Coleoptera, page 146:

(zoology) Any ground beetle of the tribe Pseudomorphini, within the family Carabidae.


heterotypic synonym

heterotypic synonym (plural heterotypic synonyms)

(botany, taxonomy) A synonym that comes into being when a taxon is reduced in status (reduced to synonymy) and becomes part of a different taxon.


calamiferous

en-adj

calamiferous (comparative more calamiferous, superlative most calamiferous)

more calamiferous (comparative)
most calamiferous (superlative)

From Latin calamus (“reed”) + -iferous. Compare New Latin calamifer, used in Botanical Latin and taxonomic names.

In the next Section our Author Discourses concerning Culmiferous or Calamiferous Plants[…]

1700, The History of the Works of the Learned, volume 2, number 8, page 509:

The thrifty farmer now puts on his rubber boots, and mows over his calamiferous grounds.

1879 August 14, Litchfield Enquirer, Litchfield, Connecticut, page 3:

It began to rain; we had lost our trail, but we plunged forward through the calamiferous swamps and dense bush, seeking a place to camp.

1899, George Clarke Musgrave, Under Three Flags in Cuba, Boston, page 202:

The watercourse in the Tarim basin is described in the following terms: "The river (Khotan-daria ?) runs northwards till it joins a confluent from the Tsung-ling (Onion range, in Sarikol), and then flows eastwards into the Pú-cháng-hai [蒲昌海] (lit. Calamiferous Lake), which is also called the Salt Marsh. This is over 300 li from the Yu gate and the Yang barrier, and is 300 li in length and breadth.

1903, Sven Hedin, Central Asia and Tibet: Towards the Holy City of Lassa, volume 2, page 146:

Scape 200–300 mm high, 1.0–1.5 mm in diameter at the base, cylindrical, calamiferous, walls about 0.2 mm thick, densely thickened internally and externally with fibrous tissue, glabrous at the base but becoming increasingly pilose in the upper half with stalked, multicellular hairs with globular terminal glands dark red, exuding a sticky mucilage.

2001, W. D. Jackson, R. J. E. Wiltshire, “Historical taxonomy and a resolution of the Stylidium graminifolium complex (Stylidiaceae) in Tasmania”, in Australian Systematic Botany, volume 14, number 6, →DOI, page 954:

(rare, botany) Having or producing reeds.


caulirosulate

caulirosulate (comparative more caulirosulate, superlative most caulirosulate)

more caulirosulate (comparative)
most caulirosulate (superlative)

From New Latin; from caulis (“stem”) + rosa (“rose”).

(botany, of leaves and bracts) Arranged in rose-like clusters at the end of the stem.


telome

(biology) A terminal branch of a stem, thought to have evolved into the leaf, according to one theory of plant morphology.


tissual

(biology, archaic) Of or relating to tissue.


sexual method

(botany) A method of classification based mainly on the difference in the number and position of the stamens and pistils of plants.


tripledemic

What’s more, COVID-19 isn’t the only sickness going around, as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cases are prevalent, creating a “tripledemic.”

2022 January 5, Janelle Randazza, Kaleb Brown, “Fight against the tripledemic with these KN95 masks for kids”, in USA Today, Money:

With few to no restrictions in place and travel and socializing back in full swing, an expected winter rise in Covid cases appears poised to collide with a resurgent influenza season, causing a "twindemic" — or even a "tripledemic," with a third pathogen, respiratory syncytial virus, or R.S.V., in the mix.

2022 October 23, Apoorva Mandavilli, “A 'Tripledemic'? Flu, R.S.V. and Covid May Collide This Winter, Experts Say”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2023-01-05:

But experts told ABC News the country may now be facing the threat of a "tripledemic" as doctors see an early rise in other pediatric respiratory viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV.

2022 October 26, Mary Kekatos, “Is the US facing a potential 'tripledemic' of flu, RSV and COVID-19?”, in ABC News, archived from the original on 2023-01-04:

Masking can feel like a thing of the past in the US, even in cities such as New York and Los Angeles that once embraced the precaution. But as healthcare facilities grapple with a "tripledemic" of respiratory viruses – with Covid, flu and RSV surging simultaneously – experts are once again urging the public to don face coverings.

2022 December 10, Matthew Cantor, “Masking could fight the 'tripledemic', experts say. Will anyone listen?”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 2022-12-28:

Even in the absence of a pandemic, an infection could take a serious toll on Addison, but this winter's uptick in the number of COVID, flu and respiratory syncytial viruses, or the “tripledemic,” has put families of children with chronic health conditions or compromised immunity on higher alert.

2023 January 29, Brinley Hineman, “‘Tripledemic’ keeps parents on alert: Even a common cold is serious for at-risk children”, in Newsday, page 6:

(virology, neologism) A combination of three pandemics (usually referring to Covid-19, influenza, and RSV).


OSL

(physics, geophysics, geology, paleontology, anthropology, archaeology) Initialism of optically stimulated luminescence.


caritoxin

(biochemistry) Either of two amino acid toxins produced by the sea anemone species, Actinia cari.


schizostely

(botany) The arrangement in which the single primitive stele breaks up into as many distinct strands as it possesses vascular bundles.


schizostelic

(botany) Exhibiting or relating to schizostely.


hairpin transfer

en-noun

hairpin transfer (plural hairpin transfers)

Because the terminal sequences are not perfect inverted repeats, hairpin transfer results in two end sequences that are related but the inverted complement of each other.

1999, Allan Granoff, Robert G. Webster, Encyclopedia of Virology:

Conclusive evidence that hairpin transfer does occur as hypothesized was provided by assays that employed a closed hairpin form of the viral ITR, which was constructed from the cloned AAV genome (Snyder et al., 1990).

2005, Jonathan Kerr, Susan Cotmore, Marshall E Bloom, Parvoviruses, page 194:

(genetics) Transfer of genetic information from a strand of nucleic acid that terminates in a hairpin ribozyme by first detaching one side of the base of the hairpin, so that the hairpin is flattened out before making the RNA copy.


calycule

(botany) Synonym of calyculus (“group of bracts resembling an outer calyx”).


biological big bang

biological Big Bang (alternative)
Biological Big Bang (alternative)

Brocks said the new study suggested the Ediacaran biota “already contained some of the creatures that gave rise to the [Cambrian] explosion, to the rise of modern animals”. The Cambrian explosion, also called the biological big bang, was a period about 538.8m years ago when almost all major animal groups started to appear in the fossil record.

2022 November 22, Donna Lu, “The real paleo diet: researchers find traces of world’s oldest meal in 550m-year-old fossil”, in The Guardian:

(biology) The Cambrian explosion (the rapid appearance, around 541 million years ago, of most major animal phyla).


peltogaster

(zoology) Any member of the genus Peltogaster.


splenosis

(biology) Formation of mini-spleens in other parts of the body, from the lodging of splenic tissue fragments in other regions, of limited splenic function.


zoeform

en-adj

zoeform (comparative more zoeform, superlative most zoeform)

more zoeform (comparative)
most zoeform (superlative)

How far the young lobster is zoeform, may be seen on a comparison of it with the figure of the Zoe, p.275.

1835, Magazine of Natural History, volume 8, page 483:

Crustacea.—Embryos are often dissimilar from the adult form. The most conspicuous of these is the larva (Zoe) of the Decapoda, and the active zoeform young of Cirripedia (barnacles) and Lernæacea (lerneans).

1874, Harrison Allen, Outlines of Comparative Anatomy and Medical Zoology, page 131:


multitocous

multitocous (comparative more multitocous, superlative most multitocous)

more multitocous (comparative)
most multitocous (superlative)

From Latin multi- + Ancient Greek τόκος (tókos).

(biology, rare) Giving birth to multiple young at one time; synonym of multiparous and polytocous.


larentiine

We report a larentiine species, Collix stellata Warren, for the first time from Korea.

2011 July 7, Sei-Woong Choi, “A New Record of Collix stellata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from Korea”, in The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology:

The present study provides a first inventory of the primary type specimens of larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia.

2015 July 17, Olga Schmidt, “List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region”, in Biodivers Data Journal:

(lepidopterology, entomology) Any moth in the geometrid subfamily Larentiinae.


japygoid

For example, there are 32 species endemic to California, but no japygoids have been reported from Nicaragua, El Salvador, or Belize in Central America, or from many states in the United States and Mexico.

1981, The Pearce-Sellards Series, numbers 33-46, page 1:

(zoology) Any hexapod of the superfamily Japygoidea.


semiburrowing

Some terrestrial forms are semiburrowing, whereas others are arboreal (tree dwelling).

2011, John P. Rafferty, Reptiles and Amphibians, page 241:


MRGN

en-noun

MRGN (countable and uncountable, plural MRGNs or MRGN)

(microbiology, medicine) Acronym of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterium, any of a group of bacteria responsible for serious infections.

MRGN

initialism or acronym for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria


shrump

I bend down to peek at the shrump Starwood identified. From the top it looks ordinary enough, but from the side, I can see a fruiting body is pushing out of the ground.

2023 March 19, Katharine Gammon, “Shroom boom: the hunt is on as California rains fuel a mushroom explosion”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-10:

(mycology slang) A pile of leaves with a mushroom underneath.


amphiesmenopteran

From translingual Amphiesmenoptera + -an.

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Amphiesmenoptera</i>

(entomology) Any insect of the taxon Amphiesmenoptera - including lepidopterans (butterflies and moths).


odontomach

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Odontomachus</i>

Their anthills and their environs were littered with the severed heads of giant odontomachs, which even spiders fear and respect.

2018 November 18, “Scientists have discovered the secret of ants who collect the ...”, in Planet Today:

In most ants, their jaws are thin sticks with which insects pick up food. But in others, odontomachs, widely distributed in hot regions of ...

2022 July 23, “VIDEO. Supersonic toothed ant jaw – Sciences et Avenir”, in GeekyNews, archived from the original on 2022-12-05:

(myrmecology, entomology) Any ant of the genus Odontomachus.


harpaline

Borrowed from translingual Harpalinae. By surface analysis, translingual Harpalus + -ine. Further from Latin Harpalus and Ancient Greek Ἅρπαλος (Hárpalos).

surface analysis

[…] some genera listed by Jeannel as selenophorines were shifted to the harpaline group, and vice versa […]

1959, The Coleopterists' Bulletin, volume 13, page 61:

The harpaline genus Chydaeus includes about 25 species […]

(zoology) Belonging to the taxonomic subfamily Harpalinae.


harpaline

In many ditomines and harpalines, the males possess four laterally extended tarsi, but both sexes climb on umbelliferous plants and other herbs with the same ease.

2000, Pietro Brandmayr, Natural History and Applied Ecology of Carabid Beetles, page 87:

(zoology) Any ground beetle of the taxonomic subfamily Harpalinae.


symphily

(entomology) The condition of being a symphile.


protocratic

Turner and West ( 1968 ) suggest that the phases of an interglacial period (cryocratic, protocratic, mesocratic , telocratic ) be considered as cenozones.

1975, Valentin Abramovich Krasilov, Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants, page 229:

These shade-tolerant and relatively long-lived trees soon compete out the protocratic communities.

1987, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, page 9:

An example of the vegetation of this initial protocratic phase of the Holocene would be the subarctic birch–aspen woodland which existed adjacent to the retreating southern margin of the Scandinavian ice sheet.

2014, Neil Roberts, The Holocene: An Environmental History, page 141:

The climatic recession which produced Britain's last glaciers came rapidly to an end about 10,000 bp, as temperatures rose during the end of the protocratic phase of the present interglacial.

2019, Peter Vincent, The Biogeography of the British Isles: An Introduction, page 209:

(ecology) The first stage of interglacial forest development (Pre-Temperate), characterized by light-demanding species and rapid changes in vegetation.


Homogocene

Coined by American ornithologist and ecologist Gordon Orians, apparently from homogenous + -cene.

coin

The new shrunken natural world of the Homogocene will have a depressed speciation rate curve that will cost it species diversity in direct proportion to its loss of area.

2001 March, Michael L. Rosenzweig, “The four questions: What does the introduction of exotic species do to diversity?”, in Evolutionary Ecology Research, volume 3, number 3, pages 361–367:

So, the Homogocene cannot be said to have begun with the Holocene. Instead, 1500 would appear to be a good year to choose for the beginning of the Homogocene.

2010, Youssuf Gherbawy, Kerstin Voigt, editors, Molecular Identification of Fungi, Springer Science & Business, →ISBN, page 5:

(ecology) The current ecological era marked by anthropogenic biotic homogenization, having begun c. 1500 CE.


semiconnate

The filaments of certain willows are semiconnate.

(botany) Somewhat or partially connate; half-united.


semihorny

(chiefly zoology) Somewhat or partially horny (hard or bony).


semisucculent

(botany) Somewhat or partially succulent.


blister lichen

From blister + lichen, from their appearance.

(lichenology) Any lichen in the genus Toninia.


coliadine

(lepidopterology, entomology) Any butterfly in the subfamily Coliadinae.


dynastine

(zoology) Any beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae, the rhinoceros beetles.


nature-positive

Observers expressed disappointment at the weaker-than-hoped-for language on consumption and pesticide use, both significant drivers of biodiversity loss. The term “nature positive”, which some scientists had said would be the biodiversity equivalent of “net zero”, did not appear in the agreement.

2022 December 19, Patrick Greenfield, Phoebe Weston, “Cop15: historic deal struck to halt biodiversity loss by 2030”, in The Guardian:

(ecology) A global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and achieve full nature recovery by 2050.


nature-positive

At the same time, the extent of our planetary emergency – of climate crisis, biodiversity loss and inequality – has become evident. As we rebuild our societies and economies, we are faced with a unique opportunity to build a nature-positive future that we must not let slip away.

2021 October 28, Frans Timmermans, Achim Steiner, Sandrine Dixson-Declève, “Net zero is not enough – we need to build a nature-positive future”, in The Guardian:

(ecology) Relating to theoretical achievement of the global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and to achieve full nature recovery by 2050.

(ecology) Of contributions towards the global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and to achieve full nature recovery by 2050.


nature-positive

(ecology) Of actions that contribute towards the global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and to achieve full nature recovery by 2050.


colony-forming unit

en-noun

colony-forming unit (plural colony-forming units)

(cytology) A progenitor cell participating in hematopoiesis that gives rise to a particular lineage or type of blood cells.

According to the news release, the CDPHE and DOR announce a threat to public health and safety when marijuana contains levels of total yeast and mold above the limits set in the Colorado Marijuana Rule 4-115, which are 10,000 colony-forming units per gram.

2022 November 23, Kiara Demare, “Marijuana from Wheat Ridge company deemed “public health threat” due to yeast and mold levels”, in The Denver Post:

(microbiology) A unit which estimates the number of viable microbial cells (bacteria, fungi, viruses etc.) in a sample.


pinaculum

From ancient Greek πίναξ (plate) + Latin -ulum.

(entomology) A chitin plate on the skin of a caterpillar.


preural

en-adj

preural (comparative more preural, superlative most preural)

more preural (comparative)
most preural (superlative)

(ichthyology) Pertaining to vertebra supporting the caudal fin.


glyA

(biology) The gene that produces serine hydroxymethyltransferase.


pelorized

(botany) Exhibiting the abnormality called pelorism.


perigyny

(botany) The quality of being perigynous.


pseudosyncope

(biology, medicine) A condition clinically similar to syncope but not truly syncopal in nature, being caused psychogenically; thus, apparent fainting but without concomitant hemodynamic and electroencephalographic changes.


axiophyte

(botany, UK) A plant of special interest to botanists.


Bắc Hà dog

(zoology) A medium size spitz dog breed and one of Vietnam's Four Great National Dogs.


selenophorine

[…] on the basis of this character, this genus must be considered to be a harpaline rather than a selenophorine.

In North America, selenophorines reach only extreme southeastern and southwestern Canada.

2000, Ross H. Arnett, Michael C. Thomas, Jr., American Beetles, Volume I, page 91:

They also advocated raising selenophorines, ditomines, and amblystomines to subtribe level.

2012, Yves Bousquet, Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, North of Mexico, page 57:

(zoology) Any ground beetle in the taxonomic tribe Selenophorina within the family Carabidae,


ditomine

(zoology) A ground beetle of the subtribe Ditomina.


ascocerid

(paleontology) Any member of the extinct Ascocerida order of cephalopods


chelifore

(zoology) The first appendage of a pair on the head of a sea spider.


isoxyid

(zoology) Any member of the Isoxyida order of extinct arthropods.


holoic

(invertebrate, zoology) Having a pair of big nephridia in all but terminal segments of the body.


nucleopolyhedravirus

(virology) A baculovirus that infects moths and butterflies.


quasisymmetry

en-noun

quasisymmetry (countable and uncountable, plural quasisymmetries)

So-called “quasisymmetry” occurs if all subunits are chemically identical but have two slightly different conformations so that slightly different contacts can be made.

2013, G.E. Schulz, R.H. Schirmer, Principles of Protein Structure, page 99:

Evolution blindly explores every possibility, and as more and more structures of viral capsids have been studied, numerous exceptions to classic quasisymmetry have been found.

2016, David S. Goodsell, Atomic Evidence: Seeing the Molecular Basis of Life, page 72:

(biology) A pattern in which many copies of a viral protein form a huge spherical coating, where each subunit has an almost symmetrical arrangement with its neighbors.


akiami paste shrimp

akiami paste shrimp (plural akiami paste shrimps or akiami paste shrimp)

akiami paste shrimps (plural)
akiami paste shrimp (plural)


subascending

Palpi moderate, subascending, rather stout, long scaled below; front with scale tuft; tongue developed; antennæ of slightly flattened, filiform, finely and shortly ciliate; […]

1896, Transactions of the American Entomological Society, page 340:

(biology) Almost or imperfectly ascending.


subincomplete

Metamorphosis subincomplete? Pseudelytra twisted, attached to the anterior leg.

1826, William Kirby, William Spence, An Introduction to Entomology, page 370:

[…] cells 5 oppositipetalous, subincomplete at apex; […]

1880, Henri Baillon, The Natural History of Plants, volume 6, page 43:

(biology) Almost or imperfectly incomplete.


peponium

One, a peponium, related to the cucumber, was discovered only recently.

1991, Adrian Skerrett, Judith Skerrett, The Beauty of Seychelles, page 101:

(botany) Any of the plants of the genus Peponium.


koilo-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek κοῖλο- (koîlo-, “hollow, concave”).


tPA

(biochemistry) Initialism of tissue plasminogen activator.


musiform

en-adj

musiform (comparative more musiform, superlative most musiform)

more musiform (comparative)
most musiform (superlative)


neotene

(zoology) A reproductively mature animal in a juvenile form.


pteroenone

A B - hydroxy ketone ("pteroenone") with the formula CH40, has been reported to be the chemical defense compound (McClintock and Baker, 1998). Pteroenone causes a significant feeding deterrence in the Antarctic fishes[…]

2001, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Biochemistry & molecular biology:

Employing flash and high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques, pteroenone (Figure 5.2), a linear β-hydroxyketone and the first example of a defensive secondary metabolite from a pelagic gastropod, was isolated from tissues[…]

2001 June 13, James B. McClintock, Bill J. Baker, Marine Chemical Ecology, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 207:

In a bioassay-guided structure elucidation, pteroenone could be isolated and characterized as the main defensive principle of C. antarctica [82,83]. If embedded in alginate, this compound is a feeding-deterrent[…]

2004 October 22, Tetsu Ando, The Chemistry of Pheromones and Other Semiochemicals I, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 195:

... provided a polypropionate-derived natural product, pteroenone (Figure 3.7), with strong feeding deterrence against fish predators […] Structure of pteroenone from the pteropod Clione limacina. (Yoshida et al.

2018 August 30, Melany P. Puglisi, Mikel A. Becerro, Chemical Ecology: The Ecological Impacts of Marine Natural Products, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 105:

(chemistry, biology) A hydroxyketone synthesized by Clione species as a defense against being eaten.


basilosaur

(paleontology) Any member of the †Basilosaurus genus of extinct whales.


planorboid

planorboid (comparative more planorboid, superlative most planorboid)

more planorboid (comparative)
most planorboid (superlative)


thrombopathia

(veterinary science) A heritable dog blood clotting disorder with results in bleeding noses and gums.


bathyteuthoid

(malacology) Any member of the Bathyteuthoidea superfamily of squid.


triphyletic

(biology) Of or relating to three phylums.


diphyletic

(biology) Of or relating to two phylums.


scaloposaurian

(paleontology, obsolete) Any member of the group of Theriodontia reptiles, no longer recognised as valid


cheilostomatan

(zoology) Any member of the Cheilostomatida order of bryozoans.


hoplocarid

(zoology) Any member of the subclass Hoplocarida of crustaceans (mantis shrimp etc.).


atpE

(microbiology) A gene that encodes for ATP synthase c subunit in mycobacteria.


nomadine

(entomology) Any member of the Nomadinae subfamily of bees.


porphyrilic acid

(lichenology, organic chemistry) A carboxylic acid derived from a lichen containing two benzofuran units with IUPAC name 4,10-dihydroxy-8-methyl-3-oxo-1H-[2]benzofuro[5,4-b][1]benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid.


bathyphile

(biology) An organism that lives and thrives in deep water.


bathyphilic

bathyphilic (comparative more bathyphilic, superlative most bathyphilic)

more bathyphilic (comparative)
most bathyphilic (superlative)

(biology) of, or relating to a bathyphile; living and thriving in deep water


hemerophobic

hemerophobic (comparative more hemerophobic, superlative most hemerophobic)

more hemerophobic (comparative)
most hemerophobic (superlative)

(biology) Intolerant of human disturbance.


perisphinctoid

(paleontology) Any member of the Perisphinctoidea superfamily of ammonites.


neodolabellane

(biochemistry) A diterpene formally derived from dolabellane by moving a methyl group from carbon 1 to position 11.


furcatin

(biochemistry) A natural product derived from Viburnum furcatum, with IUPAC name (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-(4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol


adeagus

(zoology) Alternative spelling of aedeagus.


opistothorax

(zoology) A wormlike segmented extension to the thorax.


paleochemotaxonomy

(paleontology) Use of biomarker chemicals in sedimentary rocks to classify lifeforms.


biophosphorescence

(biology) The emission of visible light from a living organism after stimulation by light.


glucose 6-phosphate

(biochemistry) A glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.


glucose-6-phosphate isomerase

en-noun

glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (plural glucose-6-phosphate isomerases)

glucose-6-phosphate isomerases (plural)
GPI (alternative initialism)
phosphoglucose isomerase (alternative)
phosphoglucoisomerase (alternative)
phosphohexose isomerase (alternative)

fructose 6-phosphate
fructose 6-phosphate

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes intercellular the interconversion of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) and functions extracellular as a neurotrophic factor and lymphokine.


fructose 6-phosphate

(biochemistry) A fructose derivative phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.


fructose 6-phosphate
fructose 6-phosphate#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of fructose 6-phosphate.


fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

(biochemistry) A fructose derivative phosphorylated at the hydroxy groups on carbon 1 and 6.


silicifier

(biology) A living organism that builds structures from silica.


multigait

(biology, robotics) Having multiple gaits to adapt to the environment.


pseudomoniasis

(biology, medicine) Pseudomonas infection: a bacterial infection caused by any of various species of the genus Pseudomonas. Such infections occur in various host animals, especially certain fish; in humans immunodeficiency is typically a predisposing factor.


alkalonic acid

(bacteriology) A tricyclic ketide carboxylic acid made by bacteria as an intermediate in the production of aklaviketone and doxorubicin.


ctenodactyloid

(zoology) Any member of the Ctenodactyloidea superfamily of rodents.


neopulmonic

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the new lung part of the bird respiratory system.


H.I.V.

Although the World Health Organization does not recommend the combination, the United Nations agency does recommend each measure separately — cotrimoxazole for H.I.V. in Africa and bed nets to prevent malaria in infected areas.

2007 March 1, Lawrence K. Altman, “Project Curbs Malaria in Ugandan Group”, in The New York Times:

human immunodeficiency virus
human immunodeficiency virus#English

(virology) Initialism of human immunodeficiency virus.


blanid

(zoology) Any member of the Blanidae family of worm lizards.


blattoid

Borrowed from translingual Blattoidea, from the type genus of Blatta, from Latin blatta (“photophobic bug”). Further etymology unclear.

This result, however, is much younger than some “roachoid” fossils and clearly invalidates the hypothesis suggesting that winged “blattoids” would date back to the Devonian.

2015 June 22, Frédéric Legendre, André Nel, Gavin J. Svenson, Tony Robillard, Roseli Pellens, Philippe Grandcolas, “Phylogeny of Dictyoptera: Dating the Origin of Cockroaches, Praying Mantises and Termites with Molecular Data and Controlled Fossil Evidence”, in PLoS One:

However, a subgroup analysis (by order) indicated that the DGC facilitated gaseous exchange in dipterans (0.43 ± 0.34; estimate ± 95% CI; p = 0.01), but not in blattoids (p = 0.89) or orthopterans (p = 0.57) (Figure 5a).

2022 January 22, Seun O. Oladipupo, Alan E. Wilson, Xing Ping Hu, Arthur G. Appel, “Why Do Insects Close Their Spiracles? A Meta-Analytic Evaluation of the Adaptive Hypothesis of Discontinuous Gas Exchange in Insects”, in Insects:

(entomology) Any member of the Blattoidea superfamily of cockroaches and termites.


habroneme

en-adj

habroneme (comparative more habroneme, superlative most habroneme)

more habroneme (comparative)
most habroneme (superlative)

(zoology) Belonging to the Habronematoidea superfamily of nematodes.


actinopterygiian

(ichthyology) Of or pertaining to Actinopterygii, the bony finned fish.


lepomid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Lepomis genus of fish.


BLK

en-noun

BLK (countable and uncountable, plural BLKs)

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of B lymphocyte kinase.

B lymphocyte kinase
B lymphocyte kinase#English

(genetics) Alternative form of Blk; A gene that encodes for the enzyme B lymphocyte kinase.


Blk

Blk (countable and uncountable, plural Blks)

(genetics) A gene that encodes for an enzyme, B-cell lymphocyte kinase (BLK).


praeocular

(zoology) Alternative form of preocular.


chonetid

(zoology) Any member of the Chonetidae family of brachiopods


chonetidine

(zoology) Any member of the Chonetidina suborder of brachiopods.


dermalium

(zoology) A spicule on the bounding membrane of a sponge.


discohexaster

From Ancient Greek: diskos, circular plate; hex, six; aster, star.

(zoology) A sponge spicule with six rays octahedrally arranged, ending with disks.


codonhexaster

(zoology) A sponge spicule with six rays, terminated in anchor shapes.


bombycilloid

(zoology) Any member of the Bombycilloidea superfamily of birds.


litorin

(biochemistry) A nonapeptide with composition L-pyroglutamyl-L-glutaminyl-L-tryptophyl-L-alanyl-L-valyl-glycyl-L-histidyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-methioninamide.


interparenchymatous

(anatomy, botany) Between parenchyma cells.


brisingid

(zoology) Any member of the Brisingidae family of starfish


bonellin

(biochemistry) A green pigment found in Bonellia viridis with IUPAC name 3-[18-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,3,7,12,17-pentamethyl-22,23-dihydro-2H-porphyrin-2-yl]propanoic acid.


bonelliid

(zoology) Any member of the Bonelliidae family of worms.


aster yellows

(botany) A type of plant disease caused by phytoplasma, primarily affecting plants of the Asteraceae family.


AYP

(botany) Initialism of aster yellows phytoplasma.


animal protein factor

animal protein factor (countable and uncountable, plural animal protein factors)

(biology) A growth factor for animals containing vitamin B12.


pythonoid

(herpetology) Any member of the Pythonoidea superfamily of snakes.


buphanine

(obsolete, biochemistry) An alkaloid extracted from Boophone disticha, but now shown not to be a chemical but to be a mixture.


acetator

/ˈæsɪˌteɪtɚ/

From a theoretical Latin *acētātor from a acētāre (“to turn into acētum (“vinegar”)”).

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A device wherein bacteria process a liquid containing alcohol with the help of oxygen into carboxylic acid.


virovore

virovores (plural)
virivore (alternative)

Curtis Suttle, a microbial ecologist who led several early studies on protists that might eat viruses, said his team’s unpublished experiments suggested that certain choanozoa could be die-hard virovores, too.

2020 September 24, Katherine J. Wu, “Nothing Eats Viruses, Right? Meet Some Hungry Protists”, in New York Times:

(biology, ecology, virology) An organism whose diet is primarily composed of viruses


virivory

(biology, ecology, virology) The eating of viruses. The dietary consumption of viruses. The condition of being virivorous. The condition of being a virovore.


supinine

(biochemistry) A pyrrolizidine alkaloid with IUPAC name [(8S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-methylbutanoate.


virivorous

It is thus tempting to believe that virivorous organisms, like bacterivorous ones, should be able to optimize their food uptake by exploiting patches of high prey abundances.

2005, Bettarel et al., “Low consumption of virus-sized particles by heterotrophic nanoflagellates in two lakes of the French Massif Central”, in Aquatic Microbial Ecology, volume 39, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 205–209:

The salt-forced extinction of potential virivorous nanoflagellates is a possible explanation, but the ability of these viruses to better resist ambient UV radiations is not unrealistic either.

2011, Bettarel et al., “Ecological traits of planktonic viruses and prokaryotes along a full-salinity gradient”, in FEMS Microbiology Ecology, volume 76, number 2, Oxford University Press, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 360–372:

Finally, the higher increase of VA in comparison to HBA in hypersaline systems was probably related to a higher resistance of halophages to environmental virucidal agents and, to a lesser extent, due to a lack of virivorous nanoflagellates or ciliates.

2017, Junger et al., “Salinity Drives the Virioplankton Abundance but Not Production in Tropical Coastal Lagoons”, in Microbial Ecology, volume 75, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 52–63:

If the researchers could prove that the microbes were growing by eating chlorovirus, they would have compelling evidence that these protists can sustain themselves with a virivorous lifestyle.

2023 January 17, Jasna Hodžić, ““Virivores” discovered: Microbes that survive on a virus-only diet”, in Big Think, archived from the original on 2023-01-21:

(biology) Involving or sustained by the consumption of viruses.


melampodium

(botany) Any plant of the genus Melampodium.


metachlamydeous

(botany) Of or relating to the Metachlamydeae.


waterfrog

waterfrogs (plural)
water frog (alternative)

Compound of water + frog. Compare German Wasserfrosch, Danish vandfrø.

(zoology) Any type of frog that lives primarily in an aquatic environment.


reticuloperitonitis

hardware disease
hardware disease#English

(veterinary medicine) Inflammation of the reticulum and the peritoneum in ruminants, which is usually caused by, part of, and metonymically synonymous with hardware disease.

hardware disease

usually although not invariably synonymous


micromerism

(biology, historical) A form of biological atomism, according to which biological materials such as seeds are composed of something like atoms, from which they receive particular traits; associated with Yves Delage (1854–1920), French zoologist.


midparent

(genetics) The average phenotype of two parents.


mucoregulatory

en-adj

mucoregulatory (not generally comparable, comparative more mucoregulatory, superlative most mucoregulatory)

more mucoregulatory (comparative)
most mucoregulatory (superlative)

From muco- + regulate + -ory or muco- + regulatory.

(biology, medicine) Having a regulatory effect on the production of mucus, as for example endogenously (in homeostasis) or (usually, especially) exogenously (in pharmacology).


momordica

(botany) Any plant of the genus Momordica.


sozology

/səʊˈzɒləd͡ʒi/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-sozology.wav

Partial calque of Polish sozologia +ology (“suffix denoting the study of a particular subject”) from Ancient Greek σῴζω (sṓizō, “to rescue, save”) + -o- + -logia (suffix denoting the study of a particular subject). The Polish word was coined by Polish geologist and ecologist Walery Goetel in 1965.

af

-logia<pos:suffix denoting the study of a particular subject>

ref

Leszek Gawor (2013) “Walery Goetel and the Idea of Sozology”, in Problemy Ekorozwoju [Problems of Sustainable Development], volume 8, number 1, Lublin, Poland: Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska, Politechnika Lubelska [Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-11-13, page 85, column 1

coined

It could be asked, of course, whether we yet have sufficient knowledge of the laws of nature to be able to make conscious use of them in shaping man's environment. […] In fact a whole new branch of science (which Polish scientists call sozology) has come into being. The task of this science is to detect all those factors which produce undesirable effects for man when modern means of production clash with the environment; and also to search for ways and means to eliminate these conflicts.

1971 October, Wlodzimierz Michajlow, “Man and the Biosphere”, in Stefan Arski, editor, Polish Perspectives: Monthly Review, volume XIV, number 10, Warsaw, Poland: Wydawnictwo Wspólczesne RSW Prasa [Contemporary Publishing House RSW Press] for the Polish Institute of International Affairs, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 19:

Sozology is a new branch of science which arose in the second half of this century. It deals with the borderland between biology and the study of the Earth. The name, derived from the Greek word sodzein (to preserve or save), was suggested by the well-known Polish geologist Walery Goetel (1889–1972), for comprehensive applied studies on the conservation of nature and regeneration of natural reserves.

1977, “Science and Learning”, in Poland: A Handbook, Warsaw, Poland: Interpress Publishers, →OCLC, page 369:

The geologist [Walery] Goetel […] called sozology the interdisciplinary science which aims to conserve nature as a whole (both its biotic and abiotic portions) and its resources. Thus, one may call cultural sozology the scientific field which applies cultural geology and/or cultural biology tools in order to promote a holistic nature conservation.

2021 August 17, João Marcus Vale Caetano, Luiza Corral Martins de Oliveira Ponciano, “Cultural Geology, Cultural Biology, Cultural Taxonomy, and the Intangible Geoheritage as New Strategies for Geoconservation”, in Kevin Page, editor, Geoheritage, volume 13, article number 79, Berlin: Springer for ProGeo—the International Association for the Conservation of Geological Heritage, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 79, column 1:

(ecology) The study of protecting the natural environment from the destructive effects of human civilization.

Boston University
Lublin University of Technology


vulpid

According to Hottentot legend, the cape fox feeds on ostrich eggs by rolling them over rocks until they break open. Little is known about reproductive behavior and life span of this small vulpid.

1972, Bernhard Grzimek, Grzimek's Animal life encyclopedia, page 253:

The three vulpids under discussion here are the Pale Fox (Vulpes pallidus; the Sand Fox (V. rueppelli); and the Cape Fox (V. chama).

1979, Maxwell Riddle, The wild dogs in life and legend, page 151:

(zoology) Any member of the true fox genus (Vulpes).


percolozoan

From the taxonomic name Percolozoa + -an.

(biology) Any unicellular organism of the phylum Percolozoa.


percolozoan

(biology) Of or pertaining to the phylum Percolozoa.


squamulation

en-noun

squamulation (countable and uncountable, plural squamulations)

(zoology) The condition of being squamulate; the presence of small scales.


sabellarian

(zoology) Any of the worms of the genus Sabellaria.


microbasic

(zoology) Having a shaft less than one and a half times as long as the capsule in relation to nematocysts.


mesobasic

(zoology) Having a shaft between than one and a half and four times as long as the capsule in relation to nematocysts.


macrobasic

(zoology) Having a shaft over four times as long as the capsule in relation to nematocysts.


tribodont

(zoology) (of teeth) Blunt and rounded used for crushing.


trophophore

(botany) The sterile part of a fern's leaf, as opposed to the sporophore.


complementary DNA

reverse transcriptase
reverse transcriptase

(genetics) DNA produced from a single-stranded RNA template in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.


NAAT

(genetics) Initialism of nucleic acid amplification test.


andrognathid

(zoology) Any member of the Andrognathidae family of millipedes.


ascogeny

Production of heterogeneous sclerotia may facilitate hybridization of strains during subsequent ascogeny.

A species in its entirety can be recognized from characters derived from ascogeny and/or mitospore production.

1994, Fifth International Mycological Congress, page 179:

A discarded hypothesis held that a second karyogamy event occurred in the ascogonium prior to ascogeny, resulting in a tetraploid nucleus which divided into four diploid nuclei by meiosis and then into eight haploid nuclei by a supposed process called brachymeiosis, but this hypothesis was disproven in the 1950s.

2019, Zaid Hays, Danny Watson, Fungal Ecology, Diversity and Metabolites, page 57:

(mycology) The development of ascospores inside an ascus.


brachiopoid

(zoology) Alternative spelling of brachyopoid.


brachyopoid

(zoology) Any member of the Brachyopoidea superfamily of amphibians


mastodonsaur

(zoology) Any member of the Mastodonsauridae family or Mastodonsaurus genus of amphibians.


microptery

(entomology) The state of being micropterous.


COMT

(biochemistry) Initialism of catechol-O-methyltransferase.


ancyloceratin

(paleontology) Any member of the Ancyloceratina suborder of ammonites.


montanin

(biochemistry) A naturally found chemical compound with IUPAC name (1R,2R,6S,7S,8R,10S,11S,12R,16R,18R)-6,7-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4,18-dimethyl-16-prop-1-en-2-yl-14-undecyl-9,13,15,19-tetraoxahexacyclo[12.4.1.0^(1,11).0^(2,6).0^(8,10).0^(12,16)]nonadec-3-en-5-one


acanthoceratoid

(paleontology) Any member of the Acanthoceratoidea superfamily of ammonites.


blastesis

From Ancient Greek βλάστησις (blástēsis, “germination”). Coined by Friedrich Becke in 1903.

der

(lichenology) Reproduction of a lichen thallus using gonidia.


regurgitalite

(paleontology) Fossilized remains of vomit or other regurgitated objects.


gastrolite

(paleontology) Fossilized stomach contents.


androzooid

(zoology) A zooid in a composite group that produces sperm.


nanozooid

(zoology) A tiny zooid in a composite organism.


cyclostomate

(zoology) Any member of the Cyclostomata class of fish.


cyclostomatid

(zoology) Any member of the Cyclostomatida order of bryozoans


hyposphere

(zoology) The lower part of a trochophore.


anascan

(zoology, obsolete) Any member of the Anasca suborder of bryozoans.


phylactolaemate

(zoology) Any member of the Phylactolaemata class of bryozoans.


gymnolaemate

(zoology) Any member of the Gymnolaemata class of bryozoans.


helicospiral

(zoology) A spiral in the shape of a cone.


manacein

Thomas M. Githens (1926) “Additional studies on miré”, in Journal of American Pharmaceutical Association, volume 15, pages 1067-1068

(biochemistry, obsolete) An alkaloid-like substance derived from Brunfelsia hopeana (or manaca) that is soluble in hot alcohol but not in cold and precipitated by ether.


manacin

(biochemistry, obsolete) An alkaloid-like substance derived from Brunfelsia uniflora (or manaca) that is soluble in hot alcohol and precipitated by ether.


isoarthothelin

(lichenology) A chemical xanthone compound derived from lichens with IUPAC name 2,4,7-trichloro-3,6-dihydroxy-1-methylxanthen-9-one.


subeffigurate

(lichenology) Having a slightly definite lobed shape.


dichloronorlichexanthone

From di- + chloro- + nor- + lichexanthone.

(organic chemistry, lichenology) A two chlorine derivative of norlichexanthone, (IUPAC name n,m-dichloro-1,3,6-trihydroxy-8-methylxanthen-9-one) (chlorine atoms can be in position n and m of 2,4,5, or 7 depending on the isomer)


monotrope

(botany) Any plant belonging to the Monotropoideae.


phloladid

(malacology) Any member of the Pholadidae family of bivalves.


prevomer

(zoology) A bone from non-mammalian vertebrates forming the anterior roof of the palate.


sylvioid

(zoology) Any member of the Sylvioidea superfamily of birds.


byrrhoid

(entomology) Any member of the Byrrhoidea superfamily of beetles.


exocone

(entomology) An elongated crystallized cone made of transparent material from the cornea in an insect eye.


MSH

melanocyte-stimulating hormone
melanocyte-stimulating hormone#English

(endocrinology, biochemistry) Initialism of melanocyte-stimulating hormone.


TBG

thyroxine-binding globulin
thyroxine-binding globulin#English

(endocrinology, biochemistry) Initialism of thyroxine-binding globulin.


petractin

(microbiology) An adhesin produced by Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent for whooping cough.


marrellomorph

(zoology) Any member of the Marrellomorpha, an extinct group of arthropods known from the Cambrian to the Early Devonian.


sanguifacient

(biology, archaic) Promoting the generation of the blood.


acetylgalactose

en-noun

acetylgalactose (countable and uncountable, plural acetylgalactoses)

(biochemistry) An acetylated form of galactose.


normocupremic

From normocupremia + -ic or normo- + cupremia + -ic.

(biology, medicine) Having a normal amount of copper in the bloodstream.


eukalemic

From eukalemia + -ic or eu- + kalemia + -ic.

(biology, medicine) Synonym of normokalemic.


eukalemia

From eu- + kalemia or eu- + kal(ium) + -emia.

(biology, medicine) Synonym of normokalemia.


eucalcemia

By surface analysis, eu- + calcemia, or, by surface analysis, eu- + calc- + -emia.

surf

(biology, medicine) Synonym of normocalcemia.


normomagnesemic

From normomagnesemia + -ic or normo- + magnesemia + -ic.

(biology, medicine) Having a normal percentage of magnesium in one's blood.


eumagnesemic

From eumagnesemia + -ic or eu- + magnesemia + -ic.

(biology, medicine) Synonym of normomagnesemic.


dyscalcemia

From dys- + calcemia or dys- + calc- + -emia.

(biology, medicine) A unhealthy concentration of calcium in the blood.


kalemic

Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia, are common electrolyte electrolyte diseases related to changes in potassium intake, excretion, or transcellular shifts. Hypokalemia is commonly induced by diuretics and gastrointestinal losses, whereas hyperkalemia is typically caused by kidney disease, hyperglycemia, and pharmaceutical use. The aetiology of kalemia can range from minor to severe, and it can be caused by diet, drugs, or another disease. […] This review gives an insight into the causes, symptoms, complications as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of kalemic conditions in pregnancy. This review also reported some cases of hypo and hyperkalemia in pregnancy in both human and animals.

2022, Athira Roy, Nissy P. Jacob, A.R. Vaishnavi, M. Sudha, R. Sambath Kumar, “Review on kalemic conditions in pregnancy”, in Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, volume 12, number 1-S, →DOI:

(biology, medicine) Of or pertaining to kalemia: (usually, especially) regarding trends of potassium (K) concentration over time.

natremic

biometallic cation concentration in blood


dyscalcemic

en-adj

dyscalcemic (not generally comparable, comparative more dyscalcemic, superlative most dyscalcemic)

more dyscalcemic (comparative)
most dyscalcemic (superlative)

From dys- + calcemic or dyscalcemia + -ic or dys- + calcemia + -ic.

(biology, medicine) Relating to dyscalcemia (abnormal amount of calcium in the blood).


surcurrent

French sur over, above plus Latin currere to run.

(botany) Having laminar extensions beginning at the leaf base and continuing up the stem.


involucrellum

(lichenology) An upper covering layer of a lichen.


stenothecoid

(paleontology) Any member of the Stenothecoida of extinct mollusks.


magnesemic

(biology, medicine) Of or pertaining to magnesemia: (usually, especially) regarding trends of magnesium (Mg) concentration over time.


cupremic

(biology, medicine) Of or pertaining to cupremia: (usually, especially) regarding trends of copper concentration over time.


goniocyst

Coined by J. M. Norman in 1871 in "Fuligines lichenosae eller Moriolei". Bot. Notiser 1871: 9-20. From gonio- + cyst.

(lichenology) A lichen thallus containing clusters of algae embedded in an envelope of fungal hyphae.


paraplectenchymatous

(lichenology) Having a cellular structure superficially like parenchyma of vascular plants with hyphae going in all directions.


ptiloerection

(ornithology) Fluffing up of feathers or down so that birds can control heat.


suborthochoanitic

From sub- + orthochoanitic.
Invented by R. H. Flower in 1946. "Ordovician cephalopods of the Cincinnati region". Bull. Amer. Paleontology, vol. 29, no. 116

(malacology) (of nautiloids) Slightly recurved short septal necks, between orthochoanitic and cyrtochoanitic.


ftsL

(bacteriology) A gene found in E. coli used for septum formation in cell division.


ytvA

Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilis#Translingual

(bacteriology, genetics) A gene in Bacillus subtilis that codes for a blue light photoreceptor protein (YtvA).


geikiid

(paleontology) Any member of the Geikiidae family of dinosaurs.


gallerin

Named after Galleria mellonella, the wax moth.

(biochemistry) An antibiotic protein found in the brain of the wax moth larva.


berovin

(zoology) A calcium ion-regulated photoprotein from the ctenophore Beroe abyssicola.


eucephalic

(entomology) Having a well developed head capsule (in larva).


etio-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek roots; more at aetiology § Etymology.

(biology, medicine) cause; causes; causation.


SSPE

(virology, neurology) Initialism of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.


nanhsiungchelyid

(herpetology, paleontology) Any member of the Nanhsiungchelyidae family of turtles


scansorious

a bird with scansorious feet


scytopetalaceous

(botany) Belonging to the Scytopetalaceae.


secundiflorous

(botany) Bearing flowers only on one side of the stem.


tendosynovium

(biology, medicine, rare) Alternative form of tenosynovium.


silenaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the Silenaceae.


sisyrinchium

(botany) Any plant of the genus Sisyrinchium.


pseudoanemia

dilutional pseudoanemia

(biology, medicine) Any of various states that may be mistaken for anemia, which usually fall into the classes of (a) hemodilution that is physiologic rather than pathologic and (b) pallor of mucous membranes with nonanemic causes.


ceraphronoid

(entomology) Any member of the Ceraphronoidea superfamily of wasps.


cypridocopine

(zoology) Any member of the Cypridocopina suborder of ostracods.


aplodontiid

(mammalogy) Any member of the Aplodontiidae family of rodents.


cainotherioid

(mammalogy) Any member of the Cainotherioidea superfamily of mammals.


shumardiid

(paleontology) Any member of the Shumardiidae family of trilobites


pantotherian

(zoology) Any of the mammals in Pantotheria.


pantoporate

(botany, palynology) Having six or more round holes arranged around the surface.


mouldic

(geology, paleontology) Of or pertaining to moulds in the sense of hollow spaces..


adenosinic

adenosinic agonist

adenosinic receptor

Ferendelli remarked 206 that CAMP may be responsible for the inhibitory action of adenosinic and biogenic amines.

1990 September 25, Hendrik Keyzer, George M. Eckert, Felix Gutmann, Electropharmacology, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 361:

All the drugs were administered at a volume of 1 mL kg ! , completely dissolved and diluted in 0.9 % NaCl ( w / v ) ( saline ), with the exception of capsaicin and the adenosinic agonists.

1996, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology:

Caffeine blocks adenosinic receptors, which also reduces[…]

2021 January 2, John D. Preston, John H. O'Neal, Mary C. Talaga, Bret A. Moore, Handbook of Clinical Psychopharmacology for Therapists, New Harbinger Publications, →ISBN:

(biochemistry, organic chemistry, genetics) Of, relating to, or containing adenosine.


coelopteran

(entomology) Any member of the Coeloptera genus of moths.


pseudodentary

(herpetology) In caecilians, the front tooth-bearing part of the jawbone.


pseudoangular

(herpetology) In caecilians, the rear toothless part of the jawbone.


herpelid

(herpetology) Any member of the Herpelidae family of amphibians


hUTCs

(cytology) Initialism of human umbilical tissue derived cells.


retusoid

(biology) (of spores) having obvious contact areas surrounded by a line called a curvatura.


pyroculture

en-noun

pyroculture (countable and uncountable, plural pyrocultures)

pyrocultures (plural)
pyro-culture (alternative)

Montanus (1671:22) however commented that: “Greenery would abound more if the natives did not burn the areas where they wander”, without at all appreciating the pyroculture that had been practiced by the Tasmanians for millennia as an innovative and successful environmental management strategy (Bird et al. 2008).

2011, John Paull, “Environmental Management in Tasmania: Better Off Dead?”, in Daniel Niles, Godfrey Baldacchino, editors, Island Futures: Conservation and Development Across the Asia-Pacific Region, page 155:

Despite the absence of farmed crops (i.e., maize, beans, and squash) and agriculture, it is clear that the western North American landscape was highly managed through fire maintenance (or pyroculture) for thousands of years (e.g., articles in Blackburn and Anderson 1993).

2015, Shannon Tushingham, Jelmar W. Eerkens, “Hunter-Gatherer Tabacco Smoking in Ancient North America: Current Chemical Evidence and a Framework for Future Studies”, in Elizabeth Anne Bollwerk, Shannon Tushingham, editors, Perspectives on the Archaeology of Pipes, Tobacco and Other Smoke Plants in the Ancient Americas, page 216:

In the words of a recent scientific review of the effects accomplished by the ‘ecological engineering’ of traditional fire practitioners, ‘pyrodiversity begets biodiversity’. This a conscious cultural economy of fire in stark contrast to the organised irresponsibility of industrial pyroculture toward the ecological consequences of its burnings, of enclosed fires hidden behind ignition switches and powerpoints.

2020, Jeremy Walker, More Heat Then Life: The Tangled Roots of Ecology, Energy and Economics, page 60:

(ecology, anthropology) The use of controlled burning, chiefly by hunter-gatherers, as a form of ecological engineering to manage plant and animal distribution in a habitat.


peridinoid

(microbiology) Any member of the order Peridiniales of dinoflagellates.


paucidentate

en-adj

paucidentate (comparative more paucidentate, superlative most paucidentate)

more paucidentate (comparative)
most paucidentate (superlative)


paucifoliate

paucifoliate (comparative more paucifoliate, superlative most paucifoliate)

more paucifoliate (comparative)
most paucifoliate (superlative)


paucinervate

paucinervate (comparative more paucinervate, superlative most paucinervate)

more paucinervate (comparative)
most paucinervate (superlative)


cystosome

(microbiology) The conical end of some single-celled organisms that functions as a mouth.


paxilliform

paxilliform (comparative more paxilliform, superlative most paxilliform)

more paxilliform (comparative)
most paxilliform (superlative)


pinastric acid

(organic chemistry, lichenology) A chemical found in some lichens with IUPAC name methyl (2E)-2-[3-hydroxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxofuran-2-ylidene]-2-phenylacetate.


chthamaloid

Derived from Chthamaloidea, from Chthamalidae which in turn came from Chthamalinae which was proposed by Charles Darwin in 1854, which appears to be named after the genus Chthamalus named by Camillo Ranzani from Bologna in Memoire di Storia Naturale 1820.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18394#page/462/mode/1up. Ancient Greek χθαμαλός (khthamalós, “flat or on the ground”)

der

(zoology) Any member of the Chthamaloidea superfamily of barnacles.


perforatorium

So called on the assumption that it might assist the spermatozoon in boring into the egg. Compare perforate.


intectate

(botany, palynology) Having a sculptured surface but no tectum (of pollen).


intermediale

(paleontology) The central bone in the proximal row of three carpal bones in early amphibians.


carotane

(organic chemistry, paleontology) A fully saturated derivative of β-carotene with IUPAC name 1,1,3-trimethyl-2-[3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)octadecyl]cyclohexane.


cetopsine

(ichthyology) Any member of the Cetopsinae subfamily of fishes.