metalloribozyme

(biochemistry) Any ribozyme that requires the presence of metal in order to perform its function.


butyrinase

(biochemistry) The enzyme triacylglycerol lipase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester linkages of triglycerides.


zeiform

(zoology) Of or relating to the taxonomic order Zeiformes of marine ray-finned fishes including the dories.


autocarpy

(botany) The property of being autocarpous.


autocopulation

In some instances snails kept in solitary culture were observed attempting what appeared to be autocopulation, […]

1946, The American Midland Naturalist, volume 36, page 480:

(zoology) Sexual intercourse with oneself.


sequential reaction

(biochemistry) a chemical reaction in which the product of each stage becomes the substrate of the next


teliferous

From Latin tēlum (“dart, spear, missile, offensive weapon, javelin”) + -ferous (“producing, containing”).

der

The occurring British forms, though varying much in proportion and contour, fall naturally into four groups, marked by the respective characteristics of (1) One simple sac; (2) A single bi-lobed sac; (3) Two simple teliferous sacs; (4) Two sacs, each bi-lobed (fig. 3).

1883 July, Charles Ashford, “The Darts of British Helicidæ: Part I., Introductory”, in Journal of Conchology, volume IV, number 3, Leeds, West Yorkshire: Taylor Bros, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 70:

The introduction, a minute description of the organization of the sea-anemones, and in particular of their unique and extraordinary "teliferous" system, has been regarded as the most sustained piece of original writing of a technically scientific character which Philip Gosse has left behind him.

1890, Edmund Gosse, The Life of Philip Henry Gosse F.R.S., London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd., page 290:

Internally, it stands absolutely alone amongst our teliferous British species in possessing paired darts or gypsobela within what is now a practically simple though distally bifid stylophore or dart-sac.

1921 December 8, John W. Taylor, “Part 24”, in Monograph of the Land & Freshwater Mollusca of the British Isles, Leeds, West Yorkshire: Taylor Bros., Publishers, page 115:

(zoology, obsolete) Having nematocysts or stinging cells.


bouvardia

(botany) Any plant of the genus Bouvardia.


tagmatism

(biology) The process of forming into tagmata, e.g. during the metamorphosis of an insect


SASP

en-noun

SASP (countable and uncountable, plural SASPs)

(biology) Acronym of senescence-associated secretory phenotype.


atragene

(botany) Any plant of the genus Atragene.


leafit

The leafits are four or five pairs, with a trifid terminal leafit.

1850, George Luxford, Edward Newman, The Phytologist: A Popular Botanical Miscellany, page 1058:


Hereford disease

(veterinary medicine) Synonym of grass tetany


grass tetany

(veterinary medicine) A metabolic disease of ruminants, involving magnesium deficiency, and usually occurring after grazing on pastures of rapidly growing grass.


clitoria

(botany) Any plant of the genus Clitoria.


misstage

en-verb

misstage (third-person singular simple present misstages, present participle misstaging, simple past and past participle misstaged)

misstages (present singular third-person)
misstaging (participle present)
misstaged (participle past)
misstaged (past)

In the tumors that were misstaged, most errors occurred between stages T2 (overstaging) and T3 (understaging); in terms of therapeutic considerations, this distinction is more critical than that between stages T1 and T2.

1998, Morton A. Meyers, Neoplasms of the Digestive Tract, page 407:

To do the work chapter, reproducible staging of chick embryos is required. When misstaging it will be impossible to repeat a given experiment.

2008, Rocky S. Tuan, Cecilia W. Lo, Developmental Biology Protocols: Volume III, page 244:

Despite this, CT urogram has been shown to misstage nearly 40% of patients.

2014, Philip M Hanno, Thomas J. Guzzo, S. Bruce Malkowicz, Penn Clinical Manual of Urology, page 563:

When Imazu et al. compared conventional EUS and contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS in terms of preoperative T-staging of pancreatobiliary tumors, they found that contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS correctly T-staged 24 of 26 pancreatobiliary tumors, six of which were misstaged by conventional EUS.

2015, Mihir S. Wagh, Peter V. Draganov, Pancreatic Masses: Advances in Diagnosis and Therapy, page 134:

(medicine, biology) To assess incorrectly as belonging to a different stage than is actually the case


OTU

The nomenclatural harvester shown here “plucks” unnamed OTUs off a phylogenetic tree in order to claim easy fame by naming them without scientific rationale or ethical concerns.

2023, Wolfgang Denzer, Hinrich Kaiser, “Naming And Gaming: The Illicit Taxonomic Practice Of 'Nomenclatural Harvesting' And How To Avoid It”, in Journal of Zoology, volume 320, number 3, page 163:

operational taxonomic unit
w:operational taxonomic unit

(biology) Initialism of operational taxonomic unit.


martynia

(botany) Any plant of the genus Martynia.


tiger stripes

At the time of ripening, leaves of Esca-affected vines show an interveinal necrosis, known as “tiger stripes”, also called Grapevine Leaf Stripe Disease (GLSD), causing the drying of grape clusters, and, thus, affecting grape quality and composition.

2022, Laura Martín, Blanca García-García, María del Mar Alguacil, “Interaction of the fungal community in the complex patho-system of Esca, a grapevine trunk disease”, in International Journal of Molecular Sciences, volume 23:

The typical foliar symptoms of the disease may appear on the foliage as tiger stripes, while the berries can show purple spots, cracks and drying up.

2023, Franceso Calzarano, Carmine Amalfitano, Leonardo Seghetti, Stefano Di Marco, “Effect of Different Foliar Fertilizer Applications on Esca Disease of Grapevine”, in Agronomy, volume 13, number 5:

(biology, agriculture) A pattern of brown stripes on leaves caused by fungal or other microbial infection.


pycnoxylic

Coordinate term: manoxylic

The significance of pycnoxylic versus manoxylic organisation of wood is still not well understood. Pycnoxylic wood is a primitive feature of progymnosperms with regard to manoxylic wood with wide and high rays.

1991, Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth sciences, page 122:

(botany, of wood) Compact, dense with small rays of xylem, and not having much pith or cortex.


carder bee

en-noun

carder bee (countable and uncountable, plural carder bees)

(entomology) Common name for any species of bee in the genus Bombus or in the family Wikipedia:Megachilidae, that collects plant fibre and processes it for nesting material, by activities resembling the carding of fibre.

1923 A.D.IMMS A GENERAL TEXTBOOK OF ENTOMOLOGY
Other Bombi, known as carder bees, form surface nests hidden away among grass, ivy or other herbage. They derive their name from their habit of collecting moss and other material used in nest formation and plaiting it with the aid of their legs and mandibles. Having formed the nest the next act of the queen is to collect a mass of pollen which is formed into a paste. Upon the top of this substance she constructs a circular wall of wax and, in the cell thus formed, she lays her first batch of eggs, capping the latter over with a covering of wax.

(entomology) Common name mainly applied to some Bombus species in the northern hemisphere, where they occur widely and are the most familiar species of bees that exhibit carding activity in their nest building, rather than genera such as Anthidium in the Megachilidae, some of which occur in the Northern hemisphere as well and similarly exhibit carding activity .

1979 S.H Skaife. Revised by John Ledger: African Insect Life. →ISBN
The little carder bees of the genus Immanthidium also belong to the Megachilidae. They are mostly black with white markings on the abdomen, and with a white pollen brush on the underside of the abdomen. In some species the males are bigger than the females, an unusual feature among insects. Most of them make their nests in tubular openings, in sites similar to those chosen by the leafcutters, but their cells are lined with cottony fibres which they strip with their mandibles from various hairy plants. As an example of the group we can consider the widespread species, Immanthidium junodi.
The female carder bee arrives at her home carrying a little bundle of white fluff between her front legs. She takes this into her nest and cards the fibrous material by pressing it with her head and working it with her jaws until it forms a thin, uniform, thimble-shaped lining to the bottom of the tube. It takes several journeys before her beautiful white thimble is complete, ready to receive its store of food. She carries the pollen back to the nest on the underside of her abdomen and the nectar in her crop and stocks the cell with the mixture. It takes her about two days to construct and stock a cell; she then lays an egg on top of the food and closes the cell with a pad of fluff, well carded and felted. She fills the tube with cells within 10 mm from the entrance and then seals it off with a thick pad of fibres, pressed down firmly by her head and jaws to form a protective barrier to keep out enemies.

(entomology) In the southern hemisphere, where Bombus species occur only exceptionally, the common name most familiarly applied to species of bees that exhibit carding activity in their nest building, and are members of genera in the Megachilidae, such as Anthidium, Immanthidium and Afranthidium


pauciennial

/(ˌ)pɔːsɪˈɛnɪəl/

From New Latin pauciennis + English -ial, after -ennial.

Experimental and Cytological Studies on Plant Species
II. Trifolium arvense and some other Pauciennial Herbs

1955, Tyge W. Böcher, Kai Larsen, Knud Rahn, Experimental and Cytological Studies on Plant Species: II. Trifolium arvense and some other Pauciennial Herbs (Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab Biologiske Skrifter; 8, № 3), Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, main title:

The Tortula-Crossidium micro-zone (Figures 5.5) is dominated by acrocarpous mosses with a colonist strategy. Characteristic taxa, mainly of the pottioid genera, have a moderately short life-span (pauciennial, i.e. 1–3 years with a resting stage as spores, to pluriennial, i.e. several years, with seasonality of the gametophyte less distinct) and build predominantly short-turfs or bulbiformous solitary plants on the clayey-sandy crusts.

1998, Harald Kürschner, Shahina A. Ghazanfar, “Bryophytes and Lichens”, in Shahina A. Ghazanfar, Martin Fisher, editors, Vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula (Geobotany; 25), Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V., →DOI, →ISBN, § 5.1.4.1, pages 110–111:

(chiefly botany) Recurring once every few years.


pleophagous

en-adj

pleophagous (comparative more pleophagous, superlative most pleophagous)

more pleophagous (comparative)
most pleophagous (superlative)

(zoology) Eating various different foods.


hibernating gland

en-noun

hibernating gland (plural hibernating glands)

Alluding to its use for food storage in hibernation. It is not, however, a true gland.

brown adipose tissue
brown adipose tissue

(biochemistry) The interscapular brown adipose tissue found in certain mammals.


SCANDAL

(biology, evolution, taxonomy, pathology) Acronym of speciated by cancer development animals.


SCANDAL

Coordinate term: transmissible cancer

(biology, evolution, taxonomy, pathology) Ellipsis of SCANDAL taxon; a species or taxon which speciated due to the SCANDAL process.

SCANDAL taxon

Coordinate term: transmissible cancer

(biology, evolution, taxonomy, pathology) Ellipsis of SCANDAL process; the mechanism for speciation through cancer cells becoming independent of the originating creature, and living on.


white ginger

(botany) Ginger rootstock which has been dried and scraped.


mail-cheeked

(zoology) Of fishes: having a plate of bone that runs across each cheek.


colony-stimulating factor

colony-stimulating factor (plural colony-stimulating factors)

(biochemistry) A secreted glycoprotein that binds to receptor proteins on the surfaces of committed progenitors in the bone marrow, thereby activating intracellular signaling pathways that can cause the cells to proliferate and differentiate into a specific kind of blood cell.


Krefft's glider

Krefft's glider (plural Krefft's gliders)

Named after German-Australian zoologist and paleontologist Gerard Krefft.

(zoology) Petaurus notatus, a species of arboreal nocturnal gliding possum, a type of small marsupial.


curvacin

(bacteriology) A bacteriocin peptide derived from Lactobacillus curvatus.


listeriocin

(bacteriology) A bacteriocin produced by Listeria innocua.


cladid

(zoology) Any member of the Cladida parvclass of crinoids.


caponioid

(zoology) Any member of the Caponioidea superfamily of spiders.


teuthoid

(zoology, obsolete) Any member of the Teuthoidea group of squids


iDNA

Such iDNAs are flanked by common 10–20 bases long → primer sequences (F [forward] and R [reverse] primers for amplification in a conventional → polymerase chain reaction) […]

2015, Günter Kahl, The Dictionary of Genomics, Transcriptomics and Proteomics, volume 1, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 1074:

(genetics) Initialism of information DNA.


pseudoparenchyma

pseudoparenchyma (plural pseudoparenchymas or pseudoparenchymata)

pseudoparenchymas (plural)
pseudoparenchymata (plural)

(mycology) A fungus tissue that resembles parenchyma found in plants, but is actually tangled hyphae.


wild ox

(zoology) Any of several mammals including the aurochs, kouprey, banteng, gaur or reem.


Southern resident orca

Southern resident orca (plural Southern resident orcas)

(zoology) The smallest of four communities of the exclusively fish-eating ecotype of orca in the northeast Pacific Ocean.


codlemone

(entomology, organic chemistry) A pheromone produced by female codling moths with IUPAC name (8E,10E)-dodeca-8,10-dien-1-ol.


nonclimax

(ecology) Not being, or not relating to, a climax community.


sex-influenced

Baldness in humans is a sex-influenced trait.

(biology) Of a trait or phenotype: affected by whether it appears in a male or a female body.


euconodont

(paleontology) Any member of the extinct Euconodonta group of conodonts.


trichonodelliform

(paleontology) Bilaterally symmetrical with lateral processes on each side of the cusps, and with a posterior process. Applied to conodont elements.


neoprioniodiform

(paleontology) Characterised by a main terminal cusp, an underside with deep grooves, a variable number of subsidiary cusps which may or may not be fused together. Applied to conodonts or shark teeth.


rastrate

(paleontology, zoology) rake-like or with parallel serrations.


direct repeat

(biology, genetics) A type of genetic sequence that consists of two or more repeats of a specific sequence.


postacrostichal

(entomology) positioned posterior to acrostichal. Used for Diptera.


polyembryonous

(zoology) Of or pertaining to polyembryony.


crisiid

(zoology) Any member of the Crisiidae family of bryozoans.


halacarid

(arachnology) Any member of the Halacaridae family of mites.


adfrontal

(entomology) One of a pair of narrow plates on the head of a caterpillar, forming an inverted V shape. They divide the head into two lateral and one central plates.


maternity test

(law, genetics) A test designed to determine the biological relationship between an alleged mother and a child.


placodontoid

(paleontology) Any member of the Placodontoidea superfamily of extinct reptiles.


phaeosome

(microbiology) A cyanobacterium symbiont in a dinoflagellate.


periodiole

(mycology) A spore package, that looks like an egg in a bird's nest fungus


cucullanid

(zoology) Any member of the Cucullanidae family of nematodes.


secondine

In the seed these membranes are called by various names, of which the most frequently used are spermoderm or testa for the primine; mesosperm, for the secondine; and endopleura for the other.

1835, John Lindley, A Key to Structural, Physiological, and Systematic Botany, Longman et al. (publishers), page 35:

(botany) Alternative form of secundine (“second coat of an ovule”)


self-anoint

en-verb

self-anoint (third-person singular simple present self-anoints, present participle self-anointing, simple past and past participle self-anointed)

self-anoints (present singular third-person)
self-anointing (participle present)
self-anointed (participle past)
self-anointed (past)

(zoology) Of an animal: to smear odoriferous secretions or substances over itself, for various purposes such as medication or camouflage.


platyctenid

(zoology) Any member of the Platyctenida order of comb jellies.


macrocilium

(zoology) A compound ciliary feeding organelle in ctenophores


peridermium

(mycology) A blister-shaped aecium found in some fungi.


conopodous

(microbiology) with conical pseudopods, applied to amoeba.


adenostyle

(botany) Any member of the Adenostyles genus of plants.

(zoology) A protrusion on tarsus IV in male arachnids


ozophore

(zoology) An elevated cone present on the prosoma of some harvestman


nymotype

(lepidopterology) The first described form of a species.


lonchiole

(zoology) A monaxon with one tine or distal ray, applied to sponges.


sarule

(zoology) A broom-shaped sceptrule, ending with a tuft of small bristles, applied to sponge spicules.


sceptrule

(zoology) A kind of microscopic sponge spicule consisting of a straight rod terminated in a bundle of spines or knobs.


trichimella

(zoology) An acorn-shaped free-swimming larva of sponges of the order Hexactinellida


mesoplastron

(zoology) either of a pair of transverse hexagonal bones in a turtle that lie between the hyoplastral and hypoplastral bones


procryptic

(zoology) Having colouring that offers protection by concealing against the background.


cloverleaf model

en-noun

cloverleaf model (plural cloverleaf models)

(genetics) A model that depicts the molecular structure of tRNA, showing how its chain consists of two "business ends" and three arms.


conorfamide

(biochemistry) Any of a certain family of venom peptides from cone snails.


colliculate

From colliculus + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

(botany) Having a surface with small rounded bumps.


magnesiophile

(biology) An organism (plant or bacterium) that thrives in the presence of magnesium.


cobaltoprotein

(biochemistry) A metalloprotein that contains cobalt.


isopimarane

(biochemistry) A tricyclic diterpene with IUPAC name (2S,4aS,4bR,8aS,10aS)-2-ethyl-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8a,9,10,10a-decahydro-1H-phenanthrene.


obtuanhydride

(lichenolgy, biochemistry) A lichen-derived cyclic acid anhydride diterpene with IUPAC name (7aS,11aS)-2-hydroxy-8,8,11a-trimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-7a,9,10,11-tetrahydrobenzo[d][2]benzoxepine-5,7-dione


EHD

epizootic hemorrhagic disease
epizootic hemorrhagic disease#English

(veterinary medicine, agriculture) Initialism of epizootic hemorrhagic disease.


gonosaccus

(entomology) A section of membranous tissue on the hind body wall of the abdomen of an insect, normally sac-like but sometimes everted.


gonapsis

From gon- + Ancient Greek ἁψῑ́ς (hapsī́s, “arch”).

(entomology) A structure with an apex on the dorsal membrane on sternum IX.


basiolabial

(zoology, paleontology) Bottom facing the lips.


methylnorhomosekikaic acid

From methyl- + nor- + homo- + sekikaic acid.

(lichenology, organic chemistry) (normally 4'-O-methylnorhomosekikaic acid) A depside carboxylic acid with IUPAC name 3-((2,4-dihydroxy-6-propylbenzoyl)oxy)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid


polygyrous

(biology) Having many closely-spaced spirals


intramedian

(entomology, lacewings) Located between the anterior and posterior media longitudinal veins on the wing.


Turing pattern

Introduced by English mathematician Alan Turing in a 1952 paper titled The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis.

(biology, mathematics) A pattern, found in nature, that arises naturally and autonomously from a homogeneous, uniform state, through instability.


pill beetle

(entomology) A holarctic species of beetle in the family Byrrhidae.


xeroplastic

Daubenmire (1947) supported this view indicating that xeroplastic features were induced by drought and so only occurred under dry conditions […]

1955, Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, page 44:


palmification

(botany, historical) The fertilization of date palm trees by suspending male clusters from wild dates over the females.


citrullinome

In this study, the presence of citrullinated proteins and fragments thereof in the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with RA was investigated by Western blotting and mass spectrometry (MS). This approach yielded an inventory of citrullinated proteins (citrullinome) in the inflamed joints of patients with RA.

2013 January, Joyce J. B. C. van Beers, Carla M. Schwarte, Judith Stammen-Vogelzangs, Els Oosterink, Borut Božič, Ger J. M. Pruijn, “The Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fluid Citrullinome Reveals Novel Citrullinated Epitopes in Apolipoprotein E, Myeloid Nuclear Differentiation Antigen, and β-actin”, in Arthritis & Rheumatism, volume 65, number 1, →DOI, page 70:

(biochemistry) The complete set of citrullinated proteins in a sample or location.


zoanthidean

We found solitary and clustered zoanthidean anemones, possibly the same we had been seeing in many variations.

1951, John Steinbeck, The Log from the Sea of Cortez:

(zoology) Of or relating to the zoanthids (taxonomic order Zoanthidea).


zoanthidean

Knobby zoanthidean Palythoa mammiilosa

2013, Gilbert L. Voss, Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean, page 46:

(zoology) A member of the zoanthids (taxonomic order Zoanthidea).


Gardos channel

First described in 1958 by György Gárdos in human erythrocytes.

(biochemistry) A voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium.


buguliform

[…] buguliform larva of certain ectoproct bryozoans […]

1974, Arthur Charles Giese, John S. Pearse, Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates, page 235:

(zoology) Resembling the bryozoa of the genus Bugula.


loric

Coined in 1985 by P. F. Little from the initials of "lambda-origin cosmid".

We describe the construction and use of a cosmid vector, loric, which is derived from the phage lambda origin of replication and appears to be more stable than ColE1-derived cosmids. Loric recombinants can be efficiently packaged in vivo to yield 100-300 micrograms of DNA per liter that is linear and has single-stranded cos ends.

1985 May, P F Little and S H Cross, “A cosmid vector that facilitates restriction enzyme mapping.”, in PNAS, volume 82, number 10, page 3159:

The cosmid vector loric ( 'lambda-origin cosmid' ) is designed to allow rapid mapping of restriction sites in cloned DNAs and thus to facilitate analyses of large regions of chromosomes.

1985, P. H. Pouwels, Cloning Vectors: A Laboratory Manual, page 6:

In order to improve the stability of the recombinant cosmid and increase DNA yield, the ColE replicon was replaced with the lambda phage replicon (Little and Cross, 1985) creating the loric (or 'lambda-origin cosmid') vector.

2005, Anatoly Ruvinsky, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, Mammalian Genomics, page 69:

(genetics) A cosmid vector derived from the lambda phage replicon.


ornithogalum

(botany) Any plant of the genus Ornithogalum.


uvularia

(botany) Any plant of the genus Uvularia.


discodrilid

Discodrilids occupy rather a unique position in the annelid group.

1915, Journal of Morphology, volume 26, page 146:

(zoology) Any member of the Discodrilidae.


duplicato-

Representing Latin duplicātō (“double, twice as much”, adverb).

bor

duplicato- + dentate → duplicato-dentate

duplicato- + pinnate → duplicato-pinnate

duplicato- + serrate → duplicato-serrate

duplicato- + ternate → duplicato-ternate

(prefixed to adjectives, chiefly botany) doubly


projicience

(biology) The ability of an organism to associate stimuli with the direction or orientation of objects in the external world beyond its own body.


IFN

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of interferon.


KLH

en-noun

KLH (countable and uncountable, plural KLHs)

keyhole limpet hemocyanin
keyhole limpet hemocyanin#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of keyhole limpet hemocyanin.


S/MAR

scaffold/matrix attachment region
w:scaffold/matrix attachment region

(genetics) Initialism of scaffold/matrix attachment region.


introversible

introvertable (alternative)
introvertible (alternative)

(zoology) Able to be introverted, or turned inwards.


piracatinga

2012, Annual Report of the International Whaling Commission, International Whaling Commission, page 53,
This year, it reiterated serious concerns that the population implications of the intentional killing of botos and tucuxis for use as bait in the piracatinga fishery in Brazil.

2017, Vera M. F. da Silva, Anthony R. Martin, Amazon River Dolphin: Inia geoffrensis, article in Bernd Würsig, J. G. M. Thewissen, Kit M. Kovacs (editors), Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 3rd Edition, Elsevier (Academic Press), page 23,
Since the mid-1990s, a directed hunt to provide bait to catch a scavenging catfish called locally piracatinga or mota (Calophysus macropterus) has become the most severe threat to the species.

Fishing for piracatinga often involves enclosing an entire decomposing carcass within a submerged corral into which the catfish are lured; the bigger the bait, the larger the catch.

2020, David Dudgeon, Freshwater Biodiversity, Cambridge University Press, page 105:

2022, Randall R. Reeves, Chapter 1: Cetacean Conservation and Management Strategies, Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara, Bernd Würsig (editors), Marine Mammals, Springer, page 16,
[…] an exploding regional market for piracatinga (Calophysus macropterus), a scavenging catfish caught in anchored traps baited with, among other things, the flesh and blubber of botos […] .

(zoology) A species of catfish, Calophysus macropterus, endemic to the Amazon and Orinoco river basins.


mallín

(limnology) A type of meadow and wetland found in southern Chile and Argentina.


halmatogenesis

(biology) The sudden appearance of new characters in animals or plants; saltatory or discontinuous variation.


erem-

From Ancient Greek ἐρῆμος (erêmos, “lonesome, solitary”).


afucosylate

en-verb

afucosylate (third-person singular simple present afucosylates, present participle afucosylating, simple past and past participle afucosylated)

afucosylates (present singular third-person)
afucosylating (participle present)
afucosylated (participle past)
afucosylated (past)

By afucosylating benralizumab, it does not only binds^([sic]) IL-5Rα with a higher affinity, which leads to a competitive inhibition of IL-5, but also induces active apoptosis by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity [13,61,62].

2015, Bauke Pauwels, Karin Jonstam, Claus Bachert, “Emerging biologics for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis”, in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, volume 11, number 3, →DOI, →ISSN, page 355:

(transitive, biochemistry, rare) To remove a fucosyl group from.


dodecamerous

(botany) Having the floral organs in twelves.


phascolarctine

(zoology, obsolete) Of or relating to the obsolete taxonomic subfamily Phascolarctinae.


katharobic

(biology) Being or relating to a katharobe.


balloon syndrome

(medicine, zoology) Subcutaneous emphysema in hedgehogs.


olivetoric acid

(lichenology, biochemistry) A lichen derived organic acid with is a condensation of olivetolic acid with another similar acid. It has IUPAC name: 4-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-(2-oxoheptyl)benzoyl]oxy-2-hydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid


botryopterid

The botryopterids (Botryopteriaceae) include three or four genera, all based on stem anatomy, with fruiting organs known also in one genus.

1927, Frank Hall Knowlton, Plants of the Past: A Popular Account of Fossil Plants, page 75:

To date it has been assumed that most Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian botryopterids produced sporangial aggregations similar to B. globosa and that all botryopterid species of this age produced Punctatisporites-like spores.

1980, Abstracts of Papers to be Presented..., Botanical Society of America, page 44:

(botany) Any extinct primitive fern of the genus Botryopteris.


clepsydroid

en-adj

clepsydroid (comparative more clepsydroid, superlative most clepsydroid)

more clepsydroid (comparative)
most clepsydroid (superlative)


coenopterid

Indeed, many of the coenopterids show little distinction between stem and leaf, and protostelic axes are rather common.

1962, Theodore Delevoryas, Morphology and Evolution of Fossil Plants, page 79:

The Upper Devonian Rhacophyton until recently was considered a coenopterid fern […]

1971, David W. Bierhorst, Morphology of Vascular Plants, page 123:

The early coenopterids had prefronds, as did the cladoxylaleans.

1991, Frank Northen Magill, Magill's Survey of Science: Muscular contraction and relaxation, page 2295:

(botany) A fern of the Coenopteridale order, which is a taxon that is no longer used, but which used to represent ferns from the Devonian period into the Permian.


cladoxylalean

(botany) A plant of the genus Cladoxylon.


planorbiconic

planorbiconic (comparative more planorbiconic, superlative most planorbiconic)

more planorbiconic (comparative)
most planorbiconic (superlative)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:planorbiconic.

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a relatively flat spiral shell (intermediate between serpenticonic and spheroconic) in which the whorls touch (evolute to involute) and get larger as they get further from the center, causing the shell to have the profile of a mushroom when viewed from the side, without being so wide or involute that it is cadiconic.


planorbicone

Perhaps from plano- + bicone, with an r in between. Compare Planorbis (Planorbis).

(malacology) An organism or fossil with a planorbiconic shell, or the shell itself.


hamitocone

In scaphitocones, the `pendulum effect' created by this separation was not as highly pronounced as in true ancylocones and hamitocones with open whorls throughout […]

1998, CJ Tsujita, GEG Westermann, “Ammonoid habitats and habits in the Western Interior Seaway: a case study from the Upper Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation of southern Alberta, Canada”, in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology …:

Lytoceras and certain heteromorphs (eg, ancylocones, hamitocones) are the most appropriate for modeling because they exhibit the relevant features but are not overly complicated […]

2002, MA Hassan, GEG Westermann, RA Hewitt et al., "Finite-element analysis of simulated ammonoid septa (extinct Cephalopoda): septal and sutural complexities do not reduce strength"

2005, S. Reboulet, F. Giraud, O. Proux, "Ammonoid abundance variations related to changes in trophic conditions across the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d (Latest Albian, SE France)", Palaios
[…] the shell would be easier in orthocones and torticones, which were oriented vertically in life with an aperture towards the bottom, than for scaphitocones, ancylocones, and hamitocones, […]

This pattern suggests that hamitocones were exposed to extensive post-mortem drift. […] Contrary to the lytoceratids and kossmaticeratids, hamitocones are characterized by a more […]

2018, E. B. Olivero, M. E. Raffi, “Onshore-offshore trends in Campanian ammonite facies from the Marambio group, Antarctica: implications for ammonite habitats”, in Cretaceous Research:

(malacology) An organism or fossil with a hamitoconic shell, or the shell itself.


hamitoconic

Juveniles had virtually all possible types of coiling of their shells, ranging from regular planispiral and orthoconic to torticonic, hamitoconic and gyroconic.

2014, AI Arkhipkin, “Getting hooked: the role of a U-shaped body chamber in the shell of adult heteromorph ammonites”, in Journal of Molluscan Studies:

... hamitoconic, orthoconic, scaphitoconic, torticonic and vermiconic.

2015 July 22, Christian Klug, Dieter Korn, Kenneth De Baets, Isabelle Kruta, Royal H. Mapes, Ammonoid Paleobiology: From anatomy to ecology, Springer, →ISBN, page 4:

... hamitoconic heteromorphs grew shell forms that started out orthoconic but then underwent a sharp 180-degree turn such that the next growth stage of the animal was straight, but parallel to the original orthoconic section and growing in[…]

2019 October 15, George R. McGhee, Jr., Convergent Evolution on Earth: Lessons for the Search for Extraterrestrial Life, MIT Press, →ISBN, page 149:

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a shell which has two or more straight shafts, like some heteromorph ammonites such as Polyptychoceras.


kossmaticeratid

(paleontology) Any member of the family Kossmaticeratidae of ammonites.


ancyloconic

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a shell which is initially a spiral, but then (like a hamitoconic shell) extends in a long straight section, curves, and extends again, as some Ancyloceratina do.


ancylocone

(malacology) An organism or fossil with an ancyloconic shell, or the shell itself.


scaphitocone

(malacology) An organism or fossil with a scaphitoconic shell (especially one in the heteromorph ammonite genus Scaphites), or the shell itself.


scaphitoconic

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having an ancyloconic shell with an involute phragmocone and a hooked body chamber, like Scaphites.


zaphrentoid

Simpson in 1900 proposed Hapsiphyllum for zaphrentoids, with a horseshoe-shaped inner wall, making Zaphrentis calcareformis Hall the genotype.

1914, George Gilmore Scott, A Physiological Study of the Changes in Mustelus Canis Produced by Modifications in the Molecular Concentration of the External Medium, page 189:

According to Ivanovsky (1960), a structure typical of zaphrentoids is as follows: 1) corals are solitary; 2) septa have a bilateral symmetry in relation to cardinal septum situated in a fossula; […]

1969, Acta palaeontologica Polonica, volume 14, page 131:

(zoology) A member of the taxonomic family Zaphrentidae, a prehistoric hexacoral.


elliptospheroconic

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a more ovular rather than spherical spheroconic shell.


elliptospherocone

(malacology) An organism or fossil with an elliptospheroconic shell, or the shell itself.


vermiconic

([…] 'vermiconic heteromorphs) were vertical migrants in deep water, including the oceans, where some fed on mesopelagic organisms including sluggish juvenile ammonites, and others caught zooplankton in tentacles modified into umbrella-nets[…]

2013 November 21, Neil H. Landman, Kazushige Tanabe, Richard Arnold Davis, Ammonoid Paleobiology, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 677:

Another three-dimensional heteromorphic growth form—the vermiconic—is highly asymmetrical, resembling a shell that started out torticonic, then uncoiled in a series of irregular loops and bends. The vermiconic ammonoids were drifters, and the torticonic ammonoids were mobile plankton[…]

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a shell which is highly asymmetrical in three dimensions, with segments curving at irregular angles like a wriggling worm (see image).


dischizotomous

(paleontology, malacology) Furcating from two points.


monoschizotomous

... (one of which was inked in by Buckman and shows in his photograph, giving an erroneous impression of quadrifurcation). The furcation is monoschizotomous and very regular.

Monoschizotomous, i.e. ribs bifurcating from one point. The following are distinguished according to the differentiation of the sutural lobe : (a) Stephanoceratidae with a suspensive ('hanging') sutural lobe; (b)[…]

1983 June 2, Ulrich Lehmann, G. Hillmer, Fossil Invertebrates, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 164:

(paleontology, malacology) Furcating from a single point.


polyschizotomous

(paleontology, malacology) Furcating at many points.


army ant syndrome

(biology) Behavioral and reproductive traits such as obligate collective foraging, nomadism and highly specialized queens that allow organisms such as army ants to become the most ferocious social hunters.


virgatotome

[...] gyrate furcation, and often a tendency to become fasciculate or virgatotome; secondary ribs obsolescent in some [...] polygyrate ribs and intercalatory secondaries. Microconchs 100-112 mm. in diameter with following rib densities[…]

1967, J. C. W. Cope, The Palaeontology and Stratigraphy of the Lower Part of the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset:

... polygyrate or bidichotomous to fasciculate (rarely virgatotome) ribs, more loosely spaced and coarser. External whorls of macroconch forms with dichotomous to polygyrate ribs[…]

(malacology, of the ribs on a shell) Having multiple secondary ribs which branch off successively in front of each primary rib (resulting in a shape like ᚠ), like the ribs of Zaraiskites ammonites.


polygyrate

[...] polygyrate diagonally cancellated protoconch, but in that genus the adult whorls are pagodiform, strongly keeled[…] polygyrate to paucispiral and almost smooth, and the reversed L-sinus is sometimes rendered U-shaped to subtubular, when restricted above by a parietal tubercle. The Daphnellids are very numerous in both genera and species[…]

1953, Auckland Institute and Museum, Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum:

(malacology) Multiply gyrate, like the protoconches of various Gemmula ammonites. ?


mycelia sterilia

(mycology) The sterile fungi, those not producing any known spores, whether sexual or asexual.


koseret

Koseret extract was also shown to possess both pain-inhibiting and pain-relieving actions, as shown by animal studies (Debella et al., 2003).

2017 December 28, P N Ravindran, The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices, CABI, →ISBN, page 515:

(botany) a species of flowering plant (Lippia abyssinica)


diversipartite

(especially malacology, of ribs on a shell) Multiply but irregularly partite: furcating multiple times but not all from the same or symmetrical points.


araneophagy

(biology) The quality of being araneophagous.


brevidomic

(malacology) Having body chamber lengths of approximately half a whorl.


mesodomic

(malacology) Having body chamber lengths of approximately three-fourths of a whorl.


longidomic

(malacology) Having body chamber lengths of one whorl or more.


gemmuliform

gemmuliform (comparative more gemmuliform, superlative most gemmuliform)

more gemmuliform (comparative)
most gemmuliform (superlative)


gemmiform

gemmiform (comparative more gemmiform, superlative most gemmiform)

more gemmiform (comparative)
most gemmiform (superlative)


adultiform

adultiform (comparative more adultiform, superlative most adultiform)

more adultiform (comparative)
most adultiform (superlative)


gerontomorphic

gerontomorphic (comparative more gerontomorphic, superlative most gerontomorphic)

more gerontomorphic (comparative)
most gerontomorphic (superlative)

(biology) Resembling the form that is characteristic of old age.


hectocotyly

(zoology) The condition of having a hectocotylus.


hectocotylization

(zoology) The process of developing a hectocotylus.


asellote

[…] an asellote (Iathrippa longicauda) and a ligiid (Ligia italica) […]

1991, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, volumes 31-32, page 164:

[…] an asellote isopod from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia […]

2002, Gary C. B. Poore, W. W. K. Houston, Pamela L. Beesley, Crustacea, page 57:

[…] but calabozoideans emerged as a sister group to oniscidans rather than asellotes.

2021, Frederick R. Schram, Stefan Koenemann, Evolution and Phylogeny of Pancrustacea, page 472:

(zoology) Any isopod crustacean of the suborder Asellota.


matricary

Botrychium matricariifolium
Wikispecies:Botrychium matricariifolium

(botany) Applied to the fern Botrychium matricariifolium.


symphilous

(entomology) Being or relating to a symphile.


symphilism

(entomology) The property of being a symphile.


epiproctan

(zoology) Any insect of the suborder Epiprocta


glucurono-

(biochemistry) Relating to glucuronic acid.


manoxylic

From Ancient Greek μανός (manós, “sparse”) + xylic, equivalent to mano- + xylic.

Coordinate term: pycnoxylic

The significance of pycnoxylic versus manoxylic organisation of wood is still not well understood. Pycnoxylic wood is a primitive feature of progymnosperms with regard to manoxylic wood with wide and high rays.

1991, Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth sciences, page 122:

Initially, the family included only one stem genus of Calamopitys but later as many as seven stem genera, namely, Calamopitys, Stenomyelon, Diichnia with manoxylic wood […]

2007, C. M. Govil, Gymnosperms Extinct and Extant, page 22:

(botany, of wood) Sparse, with much pith and cortex, and having wide parenchymatous rays.


hedychium

(botany) Any plant of the genus Hedychium.


uredostage

(botany) Synonym of uredo (“summer stage in the life history of certain rust”)


whip-tailed

(zoology) Having a thin, flexible tail like the lash of a whip.


virginogenia

Usually overwinters outdoors as winged and wingless virginogenia, both in temperate climates and in the tropics.

1977, Jürgen Kranz, H. Schmutterer, Werner Koch, Diseases, Pests and Weeds in Tropical Crops, page 333:


beachmaster

There being so large an excess of males of breeding age, they crowded each other to the extent of leaving only fighting-room, averaging one beachmaster to seven females. The beachmasters were continually fighting for the possession of the females, often killing each other in their struggles, while many more became so crippled as to have to retire from the breeding-grounds, so that during the season the injured and exhausted amounted to fully 30 per cent.

1880, Allen, J. A. (Joel Asaph), 1838-1921, History of North American pinnipeds : a monograph of the walruses, sea-lions, sea-bears and seals of North America, →OCLC:

At the start of the breeding season, the bulls take up their positions on the beaches. Here they fight to hold on to their territory and the females that gather there. The bull that wins the battles becomes the beachmaster. His group of females is called a harem. Each beachmaster mates with as many cows as he can control. An average harem contains ten to fifteen cows, but a few beachmasters guard even larger harems.

1987, Sanford, William R. (William Reynolds), 1927-, The Elephant Seal, →OCLC:

Full reproductive status (social maturity) is deferred until full size and competitive vigour are developed. Males normally do not reach breeding or “beachmaster” status until about 10 y (Rand, 1949b; Stewardson et al., 1998). Some never attain breeding status.

2010, Linnean Society of New South Wales, Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, →OCLC:

(zoology) In pinnipeds, the dominant male of a territory with whom the females exclusively mate.


beach rubbing

(zoology) The practice among killer whales of scraping the body along rocks in shallow water.


craspedophyllid

Either the precursors of the known craspedophyllids and zaphrentids evolved during this time in areas where no record has been preserved or recognized, or […]

1975, Geological Survey Professional Paper, volumes 868-869, page 23:

(zoology) Any member of the Craspedophyllidae.


nervuration

(zoology) The arrangement or distribution of nervures.


ophiopluteus

(zoology) A free-swimming larval stage of some brittle stars, having four pairs of rigid arms lined with cilia.


monopectinate

(biology) Of gastropods and molluscs: having a single row of filaments in the gill.


psychoecology

(ecology, psychology) A form of ecology which incorporates aspects from psychology.


hippeastrum

(botany) Any plant of the genus Hippeastrum.


testicondy

(zoology) The state of being testicond (Having the testicles naturally concealed within the abdomen)


mirusvirus

From Latin mīrus (“wonderful, surprising, strange”) + virus.

der

Yet, a substantial fraction of mirusvirus genes, including hallmark transcription machinery genes missing in herpesviruses, are closely related homologues of giant eukaryotic DNA viruses from another viral realm, Varidnaviria.

2023 April 19, Morgan Gaïa, Lingjie Meng, Eric Pelletier, Patrick Forterre, Chiara Vanni, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Olivier Jaillon, Patrick Wincker, Hiroyuki Ogata, Mart Krupovic, Tom O. Delmont, “Mirusviruses link herpesviruses to giant viruses”, in Nature, volume 616, London: Nature Portfolio, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 783:

(virology) A virus of the phylum Mirusviricota, a widespread group of plankton-infecting viruses which forms a "missing link" between giant viruses and herpesviruses.


megaprotein

The protein known as human exosome complex, for example, includes several globular proteins, each more than 200 amino acids in length, which come together to make the larger megaprotein molecule.

2019, Kimberley Waldron, “Protein: The Most Critical Nutrient”, in 21st Century Chemistry, second edition, New York, N.Y.: W. H. Freeman, →ISBN, page 422:

(biochemistry) An extremely large protein.


zygolobous

(zoology) Of the prostomium: not demarcated from the peristome.


autonarcosis

(biology) Narcosis in an organism that is induced by the organism itself.


helianthaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the Helianthaceae.


monosialotetrahexosylganglioside

(biochemistry) A glycosphingolipid found in high concentrations in nerve cell membranes.


stylopize

en-verb

stylopize (third-person singular simple present stylopizes, present participle stylopizing, simple past and past participle stylopized)

stylopizes (present singular third-person)
stylopizing (participle present)
stylopized (participle past)
stylopized (past)

(entomology, transitive) Of a strepsipteran insect: to parasitize.


glutathione peroxidase

(biochemistry) The general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the organism from oxidative damage.


GPX

glutathione peroxidase
glutathione peroxidase#English

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of glutathione peroxidase.


vaginal lubrication

(biology, sexuality) A naturally produced fluid that lubricates the vagina.


book gill

(zoology) A gill found in horseshoe crabs consisting of membranous folds, resembling the leaves of a book.


self-death

en-noun

self-death (countable and uncountable, plural self-deaths)

self-deaths (plural)
selfdeath (alternative)


subcentric

en-adj

subcentric (comparative more subcentric, superlative most subcentric)

more subcentric (comparative)
most subcentric (superlative)

(zoology, botany) Nearly or almost in the center of something; subcentral.

Oospores may be centric, subcentric, subeccentric or eccentric. Antheridial branches may or may not be present, and are androgynous, monoclinous, diclinous or hypogynous.

2014, Nicky B. Buller, Bacteria and Fungi From Fish and Other Aquatic Animals: A Practical Identification Manual, 2nd edition, Boston, M.A.: CABI, →ISBN, page 687:

(mycology) Having or being a oospore in which the cytoplasm only partially surrounds the ooplast.


subeccentric

(mycology) Having or being an oospore with a multiple oil globules on one side that displace much of the ooplasm and force the ooplasts to the other side.


semihypogynous

Pythiopsis cymosa. Oogonium with a single, aplerotic, subeccentric oospore. Note the mucilage layer around the oogonium. Semihypogynous antheridium with fertilization tube.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 134:

(mycology) Having a partially attached superior ovary.


exigynous

Antheridia are closely monoclinous and exigynous.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 135:

(mycology) In which the antheridial stalk rises directly from the oogonial cell above the basal septum.


Tranzschel's law

Named after Russian botanist and mycologist Vladimir Andreevich Tranzschel.

It should be noted that Tranzschel's law does not necessarily apply to autoecious macro- or demicyclic rusts derived from heteroecious species.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 252:

(mycology) A law stating that telia of microcyclic species of rust fungi that are descendants of macrocyclic, heteroecious rusts simulate aecia of the ancestral macrocyclic rust and occur on the aecial host of the latter.


demicyclic

(mycology, of a rust) Not producing a uredinium on infected plants.


pycnial

The work of Hiratsuka and Cummins has much improved our understanding of the significance of pycnia in taxonomy. Previously many authors had tended to regard pycnial position, for example, subepidermal, intraepidermal, or subcuticular, as the only pycnial feature of importance in differentiating genera (e.g., Arthur, 1934; Cummins, 1959; Thirumalachar, 1961).

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, pages 253–255:

(mycology) Of or relating to the pycnium (the body of a fungus that produces pycniospores).


dichophysis

The material in Fries' herbarium has the dichophyses of Asterostromella.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 391:

(mycology) A part of the hyphae of certain fungi which branches into two.


morchelloid

morchelloid (comparative more morchelloid, superlative most morchelloid)

more morchelloid (comparative)
most morchelloid (superlative)

In this subclass the sporophores are columnar, dendroid, or morchelloid consisting of a spongy matrix on the surface of which the protoplast cleaves into individual, uninucleate, amoeboid cells (protospores), each of which elevates a stalk bearing a single spore at the tip.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 51:

(mycology) Relating to or resembling morels of the genus Morchella.


subfleshy

subfleshy (comparative more subfleshy, superlative most subfleshy)

more subfleshy (comparative)
most subfleshy (superlative)

The Agaricales have basidiocarps which are fleshy to subfleshy or rarely, almost leathery (but if the latter then the hymenophore is not poroid).

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 422:

(botany, mycology) Somewhat or partially fleshy.


pseudoaethalium

Pseudoaethalia may reach a diameter of 20 cm or more, or, in the case of elongated structures, a length of more than 10 cm.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 43:

(mycology) A structure consisting of many sporangia packed together in certain myxomycete species.


sporangiumlike

sporangiumlike (comparative more sporangiumlike, superlative most sporangiumlike)

more sporangiumlike (comparative)
most sporangiumlike (superlative)
sporangium-like (alternative)

Thus plasmodiocarps may have a variety of shapes even in the same fruiting, varying from sporangiumlike spheres to a network of tubes.


holobasidiate

From holobasidi(um) + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

The basidia are holobasidiate, and rarely have adventitious septa in the metabasidium or sterigmata; they also rarely proliferate in apical linear succession.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 327:

(mycology) Being or containing a holobasidium.


gloeovessel

gloeovessels (plural)
gleovessel (alternative)

The hymenium is a more-or-less thickening euhymenium or a catahymenium, often with associated sterile hyphidia, cystidia, gloeocystidia, setae or gloeovessels.

(mycology) A vessel-shaped attachment to a gleocystidium that projects into the trama.


phragmobasidiate

From phragmobasidi(um) + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

This order comprises the Hymenomycetes of Fries (1874) with the exclusion of phragmobasidiate fungi, Dacrymycetales, Tulasnellales, Agaricales, and the biophilous parasitic fungi such as the Exobasidiales and Brachybasidiales.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 328:

(mycology) Being or containing a phragmobasidium.


hyphaelike

en-adj

hyphaelike (comparative more hyphaelike, superlative most hyphaelike)

more hyphaelike (comparative)
most hyphaelike (superlative)

The three genera included by Donk unaccounted for elsewhere are those in which the fruitbody is strictly effused: Tomentella (including Pseudotomentella and Tomentellastrum) and Kneiffiella P. Karst. (nymenophore smooth or warty, K. being distinguished from T. by the protruding hyphaelike cystidia) and Caldesiella (hymenophore has teeth with sterile tips).

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 329:


hyphalike

hyphalike (comparative more hyphalike, superlative most hyphalike)

more hyphalike (comparative)
most hyphalike (superlative)

The thallus may be one(Plate I, A–C, F) or few-celled, often linklike (Plate I, D, I) and monophagous, or may be segmented and hyphalike (Plate I, E, L) and extend through many host cells.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 159:


small interfering RNA

(biochemistry) A double-stranded RNA molecule that inhibits gene expression by selectively degrading targeted messenger RNA.


calamitoid

calamitoid (comparative more calamitoid, superlative most calamitoid)

more calamitoid (comparative)
most calamitoid (superlative)


gordonia

(botany) Any plant of the genus Gordonia.


bread mold

bread molds (plural)
bread mould (alternative)

(microbiology) Any type of molds which typically grow on bread, particularly the genera Rhizopus and Penicillium.


cellspot

A heavily suffused fuscous median fascia separates the cellspots and widens towards the hindmargin where it fuses with the postmedian fascia

1988, Walter Wittmer, Willi Büttiker, Friedhelm Krupp, Fauna of Saudi Arabia, volume 9:

the hindwings are a little narrower and longer the light maculation of the upperside of the forewing is markedly reduced and the cellspot only faintly suggested.

2001, Oliver Schäffler et al, Butterflies of the World: Papilionidae. - 6:

(entomology) A circular marking found on the wings of some butterflies and moths; orbicular stigma.


hearst

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Middle English hert (“male or female deer”), whence English hart.

cog

(zoology, hunting) A hind in her second or third year.


contagious abortion

en-noun

contagious abortion (plural contagious abortions)

(zoology) A type of brucellosis in cattle caused by Brucella abortus.


sunfruit

sun-fruit (alternative)
sun fruit (alternative)


polyxylic

Coordinate term: monoxylic

The occurrence of polyxylic steles has been reported in Cycas, Encephalartos, Lepidozamia, and Macrozamia […] but is not always present in every species of these genera.

2001, David Pearson, New Organic Architecture: The Breaking Wave, page 237:

Cycas initially has a single ring of vascular bundles (monoxylic); however, one or more concentric vascular bundle rings appear outside the primary ring of bundles in the older stems showing polyxylic condition (figure 4.21).

2023, Dr. Romesh Singh Bhaal, Dr. Komal, Diversity of Microbes, Algae, Fungi and Archegoniates, page 216:

(botany) Having multiple rings of vascular bundles.


hermit-bird

(ornithology) A hummingbird of the genus Phaethornis.

(ornithology) A Halcyonide bird of the genus Monasa.


beard tree

(botany, obsolete, rare) The hazel tree.


spot-tailed

(zoology) Of birds and mammals, having distinct or remarkable marks or spots on the tail.


subshine

For quotations using this term, see Citations:subshine.

(biology) A surface appearance between a shine and a matte appearance.


wyliei

Named after Wylie J. Tuttle, the grandson of Lee B. Foster, one of the donors to the Carnegie Museum of Natural History.

(zoology) A specific name, found in several species.


rosemary pine

rosemary pine (countable and uncountable, plural rosemary pines)

(botany) Any of three common pines of the southeastern United States: the loblolly pine, the longleaf pine, and the shortleaf pine.


nonacrocentric

en-adj

nonacrocentric (comparative more nonacrocentric, superlative most nonacrocentric)

more nonacrocentric (comparative)
most nonacrocentric (superlative)

The derivative that is lacking is formed by the complete acrocentric short arm and the proximal long arm segment and perhaps a terminal segment from the nonacrocentric chromosome.

1988, Art Daniel, The Cytogenetics of Mammalian Autosomal Rearrangements, page 56:

In other words, acrocentric-derived sSMC tend to be transmitted more easily from one generation to the next than nonacrocentric ones; the first can apparently survive male and female meiosis more easily, whereas nonacrocentric ones seem to face more problems there.

2011, Thomas Liehr, Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes (sSMC), page 17:

Gabriel-Robez et al. have shown a ratio of 1:4 for translocations with an acrocentric present, compared with nonacrocentric translocations in fertile males.

2020, Christopher Bob Gillies, Fertility and Chromosome Pairing, page 22:

(genetics, of a chromosome) Having the centromere near the middle, and thus having roughly equal-sized arms.


FVRCP

(veterinary medicine) Initialism of feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, and panleukopenia (“a vaccine for cats against these three diseases”).


MONA

(taxonomy) Acronym of Moths of North America.


semnopitheque

(obsolete, zoology) A semnopithecine monkey.


Z chromosome

Coordinate term: W chromosome

(genetics) The larger chromosome that has more genes, in the ZW system.


W chromosome

Coordinate term: Z chromosome

(genetics) The smaller chromosome that has fewer genes, in the ZW system.


HeLa cell

Named after the American cancer patient Henrietta Lacks.

named-after

(medicine, cytology) An immortal cell line that can divide an unlimited number of times in a laboratory cell culture plate, as long as fundamental cell survival conditions are met.


dobsegna

From Lower Grand Valley Dani [Term?] or Angguruk Yali [Term?]

(cryptozoology) An animal resembling a thylacine, rumored to live in the New Guinea highlands.


powder-down feather

en-noun

powder-down feather (countable and uncountable, plural powder-down feathers)

(ornithology) A down feather which grows continuously and disintegrates, forming fine particles of keratin, which appear as a powder, or "feather dust".


powder-down patch

powder-down patch (plural powder-down patches)

(ornithology) A patch or tuft of powder-down feathers.


antirepair

an antirepair pathway

an antirepair effect

The increased levels of mature miRNAs could play a role in the DNA damage response by (1) decreasing the levels of antirepair genes (such as the antirecombinases, Srs2, PARI, RTEL1 [122]) (2) downregulating DDR proteins through a feedback regulation loop to restore pre-DNA damage levels.

2017, Alexey Moskalev, Alexander Vaiserman, Epigenetics of Aging and Longevity, page 174:

(genetics) Inhibiting the repair of damaged DNA.


ovularian

[…] this theory would therefore seem to support the hypothesis of a uterine if not an ovularian origin of sex.

1883, George Briggs Starkweather, The Law of Sex, page 32:


plastivore

Meronym: plastizyme

(biology, ecology) A biological organism (microbial or otherwise) which consumes and breaks down plastics (synthetic polymers).


pseudoaquatic

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoaquatic.wav

(botany) Found growing in wet places, but not truly aquatic.


vegetable acid

vegetable acid (countable and uncountable, plural vegetable acids)

(botany, chemistry) Any type of acid that originates in plants.


biological time

biological time (countable and uncountable, plural biological times)

biological times (plural)
biologic time (alternative)

(biology, sciences) The time or amount of time of various real and synchronized biological processes.


fence hopper

(birdwatching) A bird that has escaped from an enclosure, zoo, or the like, as opposed to a genuine wild bird.


PCNA

proliferating cell nuclear antigen
w:proliferating cell nuclear antigen

(genetics) Initialism of proliferating cell nuclear antigen.


pace-of-life syndrome

(biology, zoology) A hypothesis positing that there exists a correlation between behavior, life history, and physiology continuing along an axis ranging from slow to fast.


acquisition feeding time

(agriculture, botany, virology) The amount of time required for a successful acquisition of a virus by its vector for subsequent transmission, in which it then becomes viruliferous.


Turing instability

(biology, mathematics) The property of a nonlinear reaction-diffusion system in which a steady state that is stable in the corresponding nonspatial system is able to, under certain parameter constraints, become unstable in the spatial system containing a particular wavelength.


root cap

(botany) A cap of cells covering the growing extremity of a root;


cordaitean

(botany) Of or relating to the cordaites.


cyphella

(mycology) A break in the lower cortex of a lichen thallus which appears as a cup-like structure or marking.


chaotropically

en-adv

chaotropically (comparative more chaotropically, superlative most chaotropically)

more chaotropically (comparative)
most chaotropically (superlative)

(biochemistry, physical chemistry) In a chaotropic manner.


Chinese hamster ovary cell

en-noun

Chinese hamster ovary cell (plural Chinese hamster ovary cells)

(biology, zoology, cytology) A family of immortalized cell lines derived from the epithelial cells of the ovary of the Chinese hamster, often used in biological and medical research and commercially in the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins.


immunity gap

The entry of E. coli in a protein-rich medium into the small intestine, which has a damaged surface from the switch to solid feed, at a time when the pig's immune response is normally low (the immunity gap), presents a high risk for a secretory diarrhea.

2007, Neville G. Gregory, Temple Grandin, Animal Welfare and Meat Production, page 104:

The actual age at which the immunity gap develops depends on the amount of maternally derived antibody (MDA) transferred to each kitten.

2008, E. A. Chandler, R. M. Gaskell, C. J. Gaskell, Feline Medicine and Therapeutics, page 15:

Prior to this, young animals face an 'immunity gap': passive immunity is reduced and the animal's own immune system is not yet fully capable of combating pathogens.

2021, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Animal nutrition strategies and options to reduce the use of antimicrobials in animal production, page 11:

(veterinary medicine) The time period during which a young mammal no longer receives effective immunity to diseases from antibodies in its mother's milk but its own immune system is not fully developed.


semi-hibernation

Should a warm day soon follow this untoward excitement, the after effects are to a certain extent modified, as a good cleansing flight can be taken; but when the cold still continues, the bees never again being able to regain their former state of semi-hibernation, drag out their existence wandering aimlessly about, and die at a rapid rate each day adding to the accumulating filth of the hive.

1914, Samuel Simmins, A Modern Bee-farm and Its Economic Management, page 111:

They are fed exclusively on insects which are caught on the wing by the parents; if there is a spell of bad weather the parents cannot collect their insects, the young swifts starve, lose their temperature regulation and go into a sort of semi-hibernation at a very low body temperature.

2009 September 23, G. E. W. Wolstenholme, Maeve O'Connor, editors, The Nature of Sleep, Wiley, page 321:

(biology) A state of reduced power consumption, and metabolic activity in animals during winter, but to a lesser degree than true hibernation.


insertin

insertin (countable and uncountable, plural insertins)

From insert + -in. Coined by K. Ruhnau, A. Gaertner, and A. Wegner.

(biochemistry) A proteolytic fragment of tensin.


ankyroid

en-adj

ankyroid (comparative more ankyroid, superlative most ankyroid)

more ankyroid (comparative)
most ankyroid (superlative)
ancyroid (alternative)

/ˈæŋ.kɪ.ɹɔɪd/

/ˈæŋ.kə.ɹɔɪd/

From Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura, “anchor, hook”) + -oid. Cognate with French ancyroïde.


ankyroid

/ˈæŋ.kɪ.ɹɔɪd/

/ˈæŋ.kə.ɹɔɪd/

Stylophorans are divided into two orders the Cornuta and Ankyroida: cornutes have asymmetrical thecae, aulacophores with stylocones and cover plates over the food groove that open widely; ankyroids have essentially bilaterally symmetrical thecae, aulacophores with styloids and in most the cover plates do not open widely.

1997 October, R[onald] L. Parsley, “The echinoderm classes Stylophora and Homoiostelea: non Calcichordata”, in The Paleontological Society Papers, volume 3, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 225:

(zoology) A member of the order Ankyroida.


aulacophore

From Latin aulax (“furrow”) or its etymon Ancient Greek αὖλαξ (aûlax, “furrow”) + -phore (“bearer, carrier”).

(paleontology) A tail-like longitudinally differentiated appendage found in mitrates and cornutes, originally believed to be used for feeding, but now believed to be used for locomotion.


stylocone

(paleontology) A spiky plate on an echinoderm.


homoiostele

Homoiosteles are superficially similar to stylophorans: the column or stele resembles the aulacophore and the theca in younger genera develope^([sic]) distinct marginal and somatic plate patterns. The earliest homoiosteles are attached by a holdfast, at least in juvenile stages, and this fixation may have imprinted some morphological features on steles of vagile genera. Earliest homoiosteles share significant characters with coeval species of the eocrinoid Gogia and it serves as outgroup.

(zoology) A member of the class Homoiostelea.


epispire

Epispires, cothumopores, and lamellipores in cornutes are respiratory structures not atypical of early echinoderms and are only superficially similar to chordate gill slits.

(paleontology) A spiral ridge on the surface of the shell of some fossilized gastropods.


cothurnopore

Epispires, cothurnopores, and lamellipores in cornutes are respiratory structures not atypical of early echinoderms and are only superficially similar to chordate gill slits.

In all cornute species where cothurnopores are well preserved, each cothurnopore consists of two U-plates that meet one another at the tips, thus enclosing a small elliptical area.

2002 April, Mónica Martí Mus, “The Ordovician cornute Flabellicystis rushtoni n. gen. n. sp. (Stylophora, Echinodermata) and its phylogenetic position within the group Cornuta”, in Paläontologische Zeitschrift, volume 76, Suttgart: E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 105, column 1:

(paleontology) A proto-lamellate organ of a stylophoran composed of U-shaped plates.


lamellipore

(paleontology) A thin, sheet-like extension that forms part of the skeletal walls of some bryozoan colonies.


homalozoan

Most homalozoans have long flexible appendages.

(zoology) Any member of the extinct subphylum Homalozoa.


long-eared

(zoology) Of an animal, possessing long ears, ear tufts, or wattles.


mihi itch

From Latin mihī̆, dative of egō̆ (“I”), + itch.

Unscrupulous individuals can and do jump freely into taxonomy to satisfy their ‘mihi itch’ by engaging in a practice called ‘taxonomic vandalism’ creating taxon names without proper scientific work to back them up.

2023, Wolfgang Denzer, Hinrich Kaiser, “Naming And Gaming: The Illicit Taxonomic Practice Of 'Nomenclatural Harvesting' And How To Avoid It”, in Journal of Zoology, volume 320, number 3, page 161:

(taxonomy) The ambition to publish and name large numbers of taxa as a form of personal aggrandizement.


beloid

en-adj

beloid (comparative more beloid, superlative most beloid)

more beloid (comparative)
most beloid (superlative)

From Ancient Greek βέλος (bélos, “arrow, dart”) + -oid.

der

In norma verticalis his cranium is distinctly ovoid, almost beloid, i.e. it is not broad enough to permit us to state definitely that it is not Egyptian, although its shape is by no means a common one in the pure Egyptian.

1987, Ahmed Osman, Stranger in the Valley of the Kings, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Row, Publishers, →ISBN, pages 124–125:

I managed a slight nod. Even that sent paroxysms of beloid agony through my neck and throat.

2005, L. E. Modesitt, Jr., The Eternity Artifact, New York, N.Y.: Tor Books, →ISBN, page 222:

(especially zoology, anthropology, rare) Resembling an arrow, particularly in having a narrow and pointed shape; arrowlike.


branchiform

en-adj

branchiform (comparative more branchiform, superlative most branchiform)

more branchiform (comparative)
most branchiform (superlative)
branchiiform (alternative)

From Latin branchia, branchiae (“gills”) + -form.

The ear-shaped or branchiform stigma of Otostigma and Branchiostoma is due to the oblique form of the cone along a small part of its length; on the base of the stigmata of these forms there appear a few of those irregular darkly coloured patches, beset with small hooks, which are so common in the Chilopoda.

1887, “Summary or Current Researches Relating to Zoology and Botany […]”, in Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, Part I, London, Edinburgh: […] Williams & Norgate, page 386:


calathiform

calathiform (comparative more calathiform, superlative most calathiform)

more calathiform (comparative)
most calathiform (superlative)

From Latin calathus (“wicker basket”) + -iform.

Only young buds seen. Bracts apparently at the apex of the pedicels, calathiform, c. 3 mm in diameter, the cavity c. 2 mm deep. Pedicels c. 3,5 mm long.

1966, J. Lanjouw, P. F. Baron Van Heerdt, “Quiinaceae”, in A. Pulle, editor, Flora of Suriname, volume III, part I: Dyalypetalae, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 380:

(especially botany, rare) Basket-shaped.


herpes simplex virus

en-noun

herpes simplex virus (countable and uncountable, plural herpes simplex viruses)

(medicine, virology) One of two members of the human Herpesviridae family, a set of viruses that produces viral infections in the majority of humans.


geminiform

The Upper Skiddaw of the Lake District possibly includes some horizons not embraced in the more typical and Upper Arenig beds of South Wales, or in the corresponding Scanian strata that overlie the Swedish Orthoceras-Limestone; but in all these beds the salient character of the Graptolite fauna is the predominance of individuals of Didymograptus, among which the "geminiform" species D. bifidus, Hall, is especially common.

1880, Charles Lapworth, “On the Geological Distribution of the Rhabdophora. Part III. Results”, in The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, volume V (fifth series), number XXV, London: Taylor and Francis, page 279:

(botany, rare) Having a structure consisting of two identical parts.


mucroniform

From Latin mūcrō, mūcrōnem (“a sharp point”) + -iform.

Perennials, densely caespitose; rhizome stout, branched, ascending or short with internodes very abbreviated; stem 15–25 (–33) cm long, c. 1 mm in diam.; cataphylls 3–4 (–5), obtuse, pale brown with blade mucroniform and 0.3–1.5 mm long; cauline leaf usually single; auricles narrow, distinct; sterile shoots usually single-leaved.

2002, Jan Kirschner, editor, Species Plantarum: Flora of the World, Part 6. Juncaceae 1: Rostkovia to Luzula, Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, →ISBN, page 6:

(botany, rare) Having a sharp pointed end or mucro.


nasutiform

From nasute (“a kind of termite with a nasus”) + -iform.

af

The large subfamily Nasutitermitinae includes many species which have soldiers with a pear-shaped, nasutiform head and several species build nests of carton.

1970, Kumar Krishna, Frances M. Weesner, editors, Biology of Termites, volume II, New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, page 374:


palaceous

Borrowed from New Latin palaceus (“spade-like”), from pāla (“spear”) + -āceus.

bor+

Alpina, however, has a black or brownish rachis with scattered palaceous hairs, while that of glabella is entirely smooth and green.

1901, Willard Nelson Clute, Our Ferns in Their Haunts: A Guide to All the Native Species, New York, N.Y.: Frederick A. Stokes Company, page 99:

(botany, dated) Of a leaf: having a spade-like shape.


von Baer's laws

They were proposed by Karl Ernst von Baer.

(biology) Four rules to explain the observed pattern of embryonic development in different species: (i) The more general characters of a large group appear earlier in the embryo than the more special characters. (ii) From the most general forms the less general are developed, and so on, until finally the most special arises. (iii) Every embryo of a given animal form, instead of passing through the other forms, rather becomes separated from them. (iv) The embryo of a higher form never resembles any other form, but only its embryo.


RNA interference

(genetics) A biological process in which RNA molecules are involved in sequence-specific suppression of gene expression by double-stranded RNA, through translational or transcriptional repression.


cryotag

Anonymity is preserved by using unique sample IDs for each participant: GS labels contain sample IDs in human-readable and barcode format, and are used on all tubes and paperwork linked to the participant, including cryotags suitable for freezing.

2009, A. K. MacLeod, D. C. M. Liewald, M. M. McGilchrist, A. D. Morris, S. M. Kerr, D. J. Porteous, “Some principles and practices of genetic biobanking studies”, in European Respiratory Journal (The genetic and cardiovascular aspects of obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome; 1), volume 33, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, page 420:

(biology) An adhesive label designed to withstand very low temperatures, used for labeling biological samples and other materials stored in a cryogenic freezer.


subbranched

(botany) Almost or imperfectly branched.


toughshank

en-noun

toughshank (usually uncountable, plural toughshanks)

(mycology) Any of several species of fungi in the order (taxonomic rank) Agaricales.


dicolpate

The pollen grains are dicolpate.

(botany, palynology, of a pollen) Having two grooves, or colpi, on each grain.


dicolpate

The dicolpates are grouped into clades.

(botany, taxonomy) A plant with dicolpate (two-grooved) pollen.


tetracolpate

The pollen grains are tetracolpate.

(botany, palynology, of a pollen) Having four grooves, or colpi, on each grain.


tetracolpate

(botany, taxonomy) A plant with tetracolpate (four-grooved) pollen.


zonocolporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having colpori arranged in distinct zones.


zonocolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having colpi arranged in distinct zones.


pantocolpate

(botany, palynology, of pollen) Having grooves, or colpi, all over each grain.


zonoporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having pores arranged in discrete zones.


stephanoporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having more than three pores around its equator.


periporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having pores located in a non-central position.


stephanocolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having more than three colpi around its equator.


pericolpate

Erdman would call many of the "colpi" of a pericolpate grain sulculi, as they are not meridional, do not cross the equator, but are more-or-less parallel to it, or colpoids, if otherwise located.

2007, Alfred Traverse, Paleopalynology, page 120:

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having colpi located in a non-central position.


syncolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having longitudinal colpi that meet at the poles.


pericolporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having colpori located in a non-central position.


stephanocolporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having more than three colpori.


heterocolporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having different types of compound colpi.


pseudocolporate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having a colporus that does not act as a functional aperture.


pseudocolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having one or more colpi that do not form a functional aperture.


cataplerotically

(biochemistry) Relating to cataplerosis.


heterocolpate

There are thus transitional stages between tetrads and monads (i.e. pollen grains shed singly), between saccate (=vesiculate) and non-saccate, fenestrate and non-fenestrate, heterocolpate and non-heterocolpate grains, etc.

2013 October 22, W. B. Turrill, Vistas in Botany: Recent Researches in Plant Taxonomy, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 25:

Heterocolpate pollen grains occur in some genera in which both colporate and simple colpi are found.

2018 December 19, Heine Klaus, Palaeoecology of Africa and the Surrounding Islands - Volume 26, Routledge, →ISBN:

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having both simple and compound colpi.


sinuaperturate

(botany) With apertures situated in the sinuses (notches or depressions).


trichotomocolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having three colpi, or grooves.


spiraperturate

[…] (spiraperturate pollen grains). Spiraperturate pollen grains are found in some liliopsids, such as Lomandra, Aphyllanthes , and Eriocaulaceae. A modified type of the spiraperturate pollen grain is observed in Baxteria[…]

1991, Armen Leonovich Takhtadzhi͡an, Evolutionary Trends in Flowering Plants, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 149:

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having an aperture that is spiral in shape.


NPRA

natriuretic peptide receptor A
w:natriuretic peptide receptor A

(biochemistry) Initialism of natriuretic peptide receptor A.


pugioniform

en-adj

pugioniform (comparative more pugioniform, superlative most pugioniform)

more pugioniform (comparative)
most pugioniform (superlative)

Borrowed from New Latin pugioniformis, from Latin pūgiō (“dagger”).

pugioniformis (M. pugioniforme) has a tall thick st. to 2 ft.: lvs. to 6 in. long, glaucous, 3-angled, gradually tapering from base to apex (pugioniform or dagger-shaped): petals as long as calyx-lobes.

1930, “Conicosia”, in L[iberty] H[yde] Bailey, Ethel Zoe Bailey, editors, Hortus: A Concise Dictionary of Gardening, General Horticulture and Cultivated Plants in North America, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, page 168, column 2:


scalpeliform

scalpeliform (comparative more scalpeliform, superlative most scalpeliform)

more scalpeliform (comparative)
most scalpeliform (superlative)

Ostiolar peritreme elevated, scalpeliform, apex ending abruptly near middle of metapleuron.

1965 September, Herbert Ruckes, “Several New Genera and Species of Discocephaline Pentatomids (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)”, in Journal of the New York Entomological Society, volume LXXIII, number 3, New York, N.Y.: New York Entomological Society, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 123:


xyphus

Mesosternum tumid with wide, punctured, longitudinal furrow between halves, xyphus quadrangular also punctured, its apex truncate.

Rostrum reaching to the end of the metasternum; first joint stout, reaching to the apex of the xyphus of the prosternum .

1865, John William Douglas, John Scott, The British Hemiptera: Hemiptera-Heteroptera - Volume 1, page 35:

(entomology) A triangular part of the prosternum that is found between the bases of the anterior coxae.


embolium

From New Latin [Term?], from Ancient Greek ἐμβόλιον (embólion, “insertion”).

der

Hemelytral membranes small, not reaching apex of abdomen; costal margin of embolium rather evenly arcuate, hardly ampliate toward base. Connexivum well exposed, segmental angles rectilinear, not at all produced.

1965 September, Herbert Ruckes, “Several New Genera and Species of Discocephaline Pentatomids (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)”, in Journal of the New York Entomological Society, volume LXXIII, number 3, New York, N.Y.: New York Entomological Society, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 117:

(entomology) A narrow piece separating the costa and corium in certain insects of the suborder Heteroptera.


soleiform

en-adj

soleiform (comparative more soleiform, superlative most soleiform)

more soleiform (comparative)
most soleiform (superlative)

Their ascospores are ellipsoid or soleiform, 1- or rarely 3-septate, usually have a larger upper cell, are mainly olivaceous brown, have rounded or somewhat attenuated apices and a verruculose wall surrounded by a thin gelatinous sheath (Hawksworth, 1985).

2000, Jane Fröhlich, Kevin D. Hyde, Palm Microfungi, Hong Kong: Fungal Diversity Press, page 85:


trizonocolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having three colpi aligned longitudinally, equidistant around the equator.


tetrazonocolpate

(botany, of a pollen grain) Having four colpi aligned longitudinally, equidistant around the equator.


vergiform

vergiform (comparative more vergiform, superlative most vergiform)

more vergiform (comparative)
most vergiform (superlative)

Dana's statements that the feet are all vergiform and that the first and second peraeopods, though a little stouter than the gnathopods, are still slender, are irreconcilable with the undoubtedly subchelate character of those peraeopods in Haswell's I. punctatus.

1909, Scientific Results of the Trawling Expedition of H.M.C.S. "Thetis" Off the Coast of New South Wales, in February and March, 1898, Sydney, NSW: Australian Museum, page 626:

(zoology) Of the feet of certain crustaceans: resembling a rod; rod-like.


turbinately

en-adv

turbinately (comparative more turbinately, superlative most turbinately)

more turbinately (comparative)
most turbinately (superlative)

(zoology) Spiral and decreasing sharply in diameter from base to apex.


corticotropin-releasing hormone

en-noun

corticotropin-releasing hormone (countable and uncountable, plural corticotropin-releasing hormones)

adrenocorticotropic hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone

(biochemistry) A peptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus, involved in the stimulation of the pituitary synthesis of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).


dickinsoniomorph

From Dickinsonia + -o- + -morph. First attested since at least 2007.

Phylum uncertain, but in the past has been placed in the Phylum Proarticulata based on its "symmetry of gliding reflection" where segments meet along the midline in a zigzag fashion. Class: Vendiamorph; Family: Vendomiidae; possibly a dickinsoniomorph.

2007, Mikhail A. Fedonkin, The Rise of Animals, page 281:

This tool, we suggest, has the potential to be used for testing the unity of an evolutionary clade, such as 'rangeomorphs' and 'dickinsoniomorphs'.

2007, Patricia Vickers-Rich, Patricia Komarower, The Rise and Fall of the Ediacaran Biota, page 377:

The taxon is known from shallow-water sediments, and has been veriously interpreted as possibly a dickinsoniomorph, a protoarticulate, a marine alga, a trace fossil, or an erniettomorph (Vickers-Rich et al. in Fedonkin et al. 2007, p . 282; Xiao and Laflamme 2009).

2010, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, page 1314:

'Epibaion', a series of trace fossil impressions in a Proterozoic biomat thought to have beern formed by the dickinsoniomorph Yorgia consuming the surface of the biomat.

2020, Encyclopedia of Geology, page 567:

(paleontology) A member of the genus Dickinsonia.


septemfoliate

(botany) Having seven leaves or leaflets.


kimberellomorph

Here I report seven additional creatures from the Clemente biota, including […] the solzid kimberellomorph Zirabagtaria ovata […]

2018 March 14, Mark A.S. McMenamin, Deep Time Analysis, Springer, →ISBN, page 78:

The largest and most central cluster—the White Sea module—predominantly consists of bilateralomorph, dickinsoniomorph, and kimberellomorph genera, along with other Ediacara-type taxa.

2019 February 22, “Ediacaran biozones identified with network analysis provide evidence for pulsed extinctions of early complex life”, in A. D. Muscente, Natalia Bykova, Thomas H. Boag, Luis A. Buatois, M. Gabriela Mángano, Ahmed Eleish, Anirudh Prabhu, Feifei Pan, Michael B. Meyer, James D. Schiffbauer, Peter Fox, Robert M. Hazen, Andrew H. Knoll, editors, Nature Communications:

Reconstruction of the kimberellomorph Ediacaran Kimberella.

2020 December 16, Encyclopedia of Geology, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 564:

(paleontology) A member of the genus Kimberella.


funiform

en-adj

funiform (comparative more funiform, superlative most funiform)

more funiform (comparative)
most funiform (superlative)

From Latin funis (“rope, cord”) + -form. First attested in 1862.

A series of small conical projections surround the edge, within which there is a double funiform elevation, similar to that in the diadem.

1862, William Wilde, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Antiquities of Gold in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy, page 29:

Plant with thick funiform or fusiform roots.

2003, V. I. Grubov, Plants of Central Asia - Plant Collection from China and Mongolia, Vol. 7: Liliaceae to Orchidaceae, CRC Press, →ISBN:

Root reduced, with funiform, somewhat thickened secondary roots.

2007 January 5, L. I. Malyschev, Flora of Siberia, volume 12, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 92:

(chiefly biology, especially botany) Resembling a rope or cord.


cicada-geddon

cicada + -geddon or blend of cicada + armageddon.

(entomology, neologism) The rapid emergence of cicadas from underneath the ground after a long dormant period.


phosphatidyltransferase

en-noun

phosphatidyltransferase (countable and uncountable, plural phosphatidyltransferases)

Steps that follow the formation of archaeal phospholipids are the activation of CDP-archaeol by CarS […] and head group modification by enzymes of the CPD-alcohol phosphatidyltransferases and by enzymes that are homologues of their bacterial counterparts.

2016, Pierre Pontarotti, Evolutionary Biology: Convergent Evolution, Evolution of Complex Traits, Concepts and Methods, page 196:

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphatidyl group from one molecule to another, involved in lipid metabolism and cell membrane synthesis.


fern ally

fern allies (plural)
fernally (alternative)

alternation of generations
alternation of generations

(botany) Any of a diverse group of seedless vascular plants that disperse by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations, but are not true ferns.


actodigin

(biochemistry) A cardiotonic steroid, C₂₉H₄₄O₉ which is a synthetic isomer of digitoxigenin-glucoside with a modified lactone ring.


interferonic

Expression of the transgene was found in the mammary gland of lactating founder transgenic mice 26 and 28: the hybrid BLG-hIFN-g mRNA was detected in the mammary gland tissue (Fig. 3) and an interferonic activity of about 1,800 IU/ml was observed in the milk samples (Table I), which corresponds to the hIFN-g concentration of about 20 ng/ml[.]

1993 March, V.N. Dobrovolsky, O.V. Lagutin, T.V. Vinogradova, I.S. Frolova, V.P. Kuznetsov, O.A. Larionov, “Human γ-interferon expression in the mammary gland of transgenic mice”, in FEBS Letters, volume 319, numbers 1–2, →DOI, page 183:

(biochemistry) Pertaining to or characteristic of interferons.


oedymerous

From Ancient Greek οἰδέω (oidéō, “I swell”) + -merous.

af

Coordinate term: gynaecoid

Female, forma brachyptera.—Much like preceding form in color and general structure, but usually distinctly œdymerous and male-like in appearance; eyes reduced in size, ocelli nearly or quite wanting, genal tooth usually more prominent; sense-cones shorter; pronotum usually fully 1.5 times as long as head.

1933 December, J. Douglas Hood, “New Thysanoptera from Panamá”, in Journal of the New York Entomological Society, volume 41, number 4, page 427:

Macropterous, brachypterous and apterous forms of females and males are known in their populations. Two forms – oedymerous and gynaecoid – occur in males: they are characterized by the allometry of some body parts.

2015 June 30, Halina Kucharczyk, Łukasz Wyrozumski, “Hoplothrips carpathicus Pelikán, 1961 (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) – a new thrips species in the Polish fauna”, in Polish Journal of Entomology, volume 84, →DOI, pages 73-74:

(entomology) Of certain Thysanoptera, having strongly thickened forelegs.


chloroplast DNA

en-noun

chloroplast DNA (plural chloroplast DNAs)

(cytology, molecular biology) DNA that is located in chloroplasts.


eccDNA

(cytology, molecular biology) A type of double-stranded circular DNA structure found in the eukaryotic nuclei of plant and animal (including human) cells.


ecDNA

(cytology, molecular biology) Any DNA that is found off the chromosomes, either inside or outside the nucleus of a cell.


C-DNA

(cytology, molecular biology) One of the many possible double helical conformations of DNA, induced to take this form in particular conditions such as relatively low humidity and the presence of certain ions.


microDNA

(cytology, molecular biology) The most abundant subtype of extrachromosomal circular DNA eccDNA in humans, typically ranging from 200-400 base pairs in length and enriched in non-repetitive genomic sequences with a high density of exons.


organellar DNA

(cytology, molecular biology) DNA contained in organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, outside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.


siDNA

(cytology, molecular biology) A class of short modified double-stranded DNA molecules, 8–64 base pairs in length.


Hoogsteen base pair

Hoogsteen base pair (plural Hoogsteen base pairs)

(cytology, molecular biology) A variation of basepairing in nucleic acids such as the A•T pair.


xDNA

(biochemistry, molecular biology) A size-expanded nucleotide system synthesized from the fusion of a benzene ring and one of the four natural bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.


shorb

The first of the rare species of shorb for AZ I started finding this fall was the Semipalmated Sandpiper, an overlooked and overeported species in Maricopa County.

2016 September 10, Caleb Strand, “Fall Madness: Shorebirding And More!!!”, in Birding With Caleb (blog), archived from the original on 2023-11-23:

With it was a much larger curlew species: Long-billed Curlew (the largest regularly occurring shorb in the ABA)

2019 December 20, Jared Conaway, “On The Wesside Feelin Like a Great”, in AK-AZ Birder (blog), archived from the original on 2024-04-12:

Unfortunately people coming back down the beach flushed the small shorb flock but they flew to the golf course and stuck around a bit.

2023 September 24, Mary Walsh, “Archived copy”, in Macaulay Library, archived from the original on 2024-04-12:


phagocidal

Evaluation of the antiviral activity of tea tree and eucalyptus EOs aerosolised via a nebuliser showed strong virucidal activity against airborne influenza virus A strain [13] and phagocidal activity against E. coli phage M13 [14].

2021 October 28, Ekaterina Mirskaya, Igor E. Agranovski, “Control of Airborne Microorganisms by Essential Oils Released by VaxiPod”, in Atmosphere, volume 12, number 11, →DOI, page 3:

(microbiology) That destroys or inactivates bacteriophages.


hog caterpillar

Virginia creeper sphinx
Virginia creeper sphinx

(lepidopterology) The larva of the Virginia creeper sphinx.


Yakutian horse

(zoology) A horse breed that originated in Sakha Republic (Yakutia).


clearance time

clearance time (countable and uncountable, plural clearance times)

To get a better idea of why the radon concentration takes a long time to return to a steady state, despite the large ventilation capacity of the 16,000-cfm ventilation fans, analysis was made of data from a test conducted to measure clearance time of an inert tracer after sudden injection into the intake portal of the mine .

1982, David P. Lindroth, Sterling J. Anderson, Safe, Effective Hangup Clearance for Underground Mines, page 11:

The exhaust configuration has little bearing on clearance time.

2004, William A. Burgess, Michael J. Ellenbecker, Robert D. Treitman, Ventilation for Control of the Work Environment, page 191:

Increased airflow is an option to decrease clearance time.

2013, Carsten Drebenstedt, Raj Singhal, Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, page 138:

The amount of time it takes to empty something out.

(ecology, chemistry) The amount of time before a foreign substance in the air has dissipated.


antitransit

en-adj

antitransit (comparative more antitransit, superlative most antitransit)

more antitransit (comparative)
most antitransit (superlative)

(biology) Inhibiting gastrointestinal transit.


Pouyannian mimicry

Coined 1982 by Georges Pasteur, after Maurice-Alexandre Pouyanne, who described the behaviour in orchids in a 1916 paper.

2017, Wiley Blevins, Ninja Plants, Lerner Publishing Group (Twenty-First Century Books), page 52,
The plant world is full of mimics. In Pouyannian mimicry, a flower mimics a female insect to attract the right male pollinator.

(biology, botany) A type of mimicry exhibited by some plants, whereby certain flower parts resemble a (female) potential mate for a male of a pollinator species, thus inducing pseudocopulation.


cramp ball

From cramp + ball. First use appears c. 1904 in the publication South Eastern Naturalist.


triple-stranded

(genetics) That have three helical strands of nucleic acid that wind around each other and are connected by hydrogen bonds.


hog's garlic

Allium ursinum
Allium ursinum#Translingual

(botany) Ramsons, of species Allium ursinum.


orthomitosis

The first is that division at any phase of the life eyele should be by this or that method (e.g., orthomitosis) and according to methods which have been studied in detail in the Metazoa.

1968, David Weinman, Miodrag Ristic, editors, Infectious Blood Diseases of Man and Animals, page 369:

Golgi bodies and mitochondria with tubular cristae are present, but not plastids; the nuclei show open orthomitosis during binary fission.

1991 October 3, Michael A. Sleigh, Protozoa and Other Protists, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 139:

In both closed intranuclear pleuromitosis and orthomitosis, the spindle remains entirely within the nucleus, though its positioning is different.

2010 December 7, Bernd Schierwater, Rob Desalle, editors, Key Transitions in Animal Evolution, CRC Press, page 12:

(cytology) A form of mitosis characterized by an axial, central, symmetric, and bipolar spindle.


Alaskapox

Translingual: Alaskapox virus (archaic)

Discovered in July 2015, by a woman visited a clinic in Fairbanks, Alaska, with lesions.

Alaskapox is a type of orthopoxvirus that infects mammals, including humans, and causes skin lesions.

2024 February 14, Joe Hernandez, “A man died from Alaskapox last month. Here's what we know about the virus”, in NPR:

"Several Alaskapox patients initially thought they had a spider or insect bite," the health department notes.

2024 February 15, Sara Moniuszko, “What is Alaskapox? Symptoms to know after death brings attention to virus”, in CBS News:

(virology, neologism) A disease caused by virus Borealpox virus, of the genus Orthopoxvirus, first documented in 2015 in Alaska, United States.


Copi

By shortening of Copious, coined in 2022 by Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

"Copi is a great name: Short, crisp and easy to say. What diner won't be intrigued when they read Copi tacos or Copi burgers on a menu?"

2022 June 22, Jelisa Castrodale, quoting Colleen Callahan, “What Is Copi? A New Name for an Invasive Fish”, in Food&Wine:

(zoology, neologism, cooking) Another name for Asian carp.


VEXAS

First discovered in October 2020, with the report from The New England Journal of Medicine and identified by a multidisciplinary team of scientists (see quotations below).

Using a genotype-driven approach, we identified a disorder that connects seemingly unrelated adult-onset inflammatory syndromes. We named this genetic disorder the VEXAS syndrome, which is caused by myeloid-restricted somatic missense mutations in UBA1.

2020 October 27, David B. Beck, Marcela A. Ferrada, Keith A. Sikora, Amanda K. Ombrello, et alia, “Somatic Mutations in UBA1 and Severe Adult-Onset Autoinflammatory Disease”, in New England Journal of Medicine, volume 383, →DOI:

Additionally, patients with VEXAS suffer from a spectrum of hematologic problems, including macrocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, thromboembolic disease, and progressive bone marrow failure, which can evolve to hematologic malignancy

2021 July 1, Peter C. Grayson, Bhavisha A. Patel, Neal S. Young, “VEXAS syndrome”, in Blood, volume 137, number 26, →DOI, page 3591:

The researchers note that a diagnosis based on symptoms alone could easily miss cases of VEXAS that would be caught by UBA1 testing.

2023 February 14, Vicki Contie, “VEXAS syndrome more common than realized”, in National Institutes of Health:

(medicine, biology) An autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in the body and mostly affects men.


quadrupledemic

Add another monkeypox or bird flu outbreak, and we might even experience a “quadrupledemic.”

2022 December 18, David Axe, “Overlapping Virus Outbreaks Threaten ‘Tripledemic’ Crisis”, in Daily Blast:

respiratory syncytial virus
respiratory syncytial virus

(virology, neologism) The widespread outbreak of Covid-19, flu, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus at the same time.