maprotiline

Blend of mapro- (of unknown origin) + amitriptyline.

blend

(pharmacology) A tetracyclic antidepressant with properties similar to those of tricyclic amitriptyline, usually administered orally as the hydrochloride; 3-(9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-9-yl)propyl(methyl)amine, C₂₀H₂₃N.


reboxetine

From [Term?] + -oxetine (“fluoxetine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug used in the treatment of clinical depression, panic disorder and ADD/ADHD.


doxepin

From [Term?] + -oxepin (“tricyclic compound”).

(pharmacology) A psychotropic agent with tricyclic antidepressant and anxiolytic properties.


trimipramine

(pharmacology) A tricyclic antidepressant with sedative and anxiolytic properties.


moclobemide

From mo(rpholine) + chlo(ro)- + be(nza)mide.

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat depression and social anxiety.


tandospirone

Probably from (me)than(oisoi)ndo(le) + -spirone (“buspirone derivative”).

(pharmacology) A psychoactive drug of the piperazine and azapirone chemical classes, used as an anxiolytic and antidepressant.


carditis

en-noun

carditis (usually uncountable, plural carditides)

(medicine) inflammation of the heart (any or all parts of it).

karditida

inflammation of the muscles of the heart


dysbiosis

dysbiosis (countable and uncountable, plural dysbioses)

From Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad”) and βίωσις (bíōsis, “way of living”); the intended meaning of the compound word is contrasted with symbiosis "a relationship of mutual benefit". By surface analysis, dys- + -biosis.

(pathology) A medical condition caused by microbial imbalances within the body


alkaptonuria

/ælˌkæptəˈnʊəɹɪə/

In his work at St Bartholomew's Hospital and Great Ormond Street in London, Garrod had come across a number of patients with a rare and not very serious disease, known as alkaptonuria.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 39:

(medicine) A rare inherited genetic disorder of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism, causing the accumulation and eventual excretion of alkapton.

alcaptonúria

genetic disorder causing the accumulation of alkapton


sarcode

sarcode (countable and uncountable, plural sarcodes)

Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx, “flesh”) + -ode, coined by Félix Dujardin, French biologist and cytologist.

(homeopathy) A remedy made from healthy living tissue.


enteroscopy

enteroscopy (countable and uncountable, plural enteroscopies)

(medicine) A medical procedure for the direct visualization of small intestine.


nonseptic

Acid-base balance data revealed moderately abnormal metabolic balance for both septics and nonseptics (in either direction) with normal respiratory balance or mild alkalosis.

1983 May/June, Ivo Giovannini, Giuseppe Boldrini, Marco Castagneto, Gabriele Sganga, Giuseppe Nanni, Mauro Pittiruti, Giancarlo Castiglioni, “Respiratory Quotient and Patterns of Substrate Utilization in Human Sepsis and Trauma”, in Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, volume 7, number 3, →DOI, page 227:

(medicine, dated) A person who does not have sepsis.


anoxybiosis

(physiology) A biological response triggered by a lack of oxygen in which an organism takes in water and becomes turgid and immobile; possibly a form of cryptobiosis.


binospirone

From [Term?] + -spirone (“buspirone derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A piperazine drug, 8-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethylamino)ethyl]-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione, having anxiolytic effects.


zalospirone

Probably from (a)za(tricyc)lo + -spirone (“buspirone derivative”).

(pharmacology) A piperazine antidepressant, abandoned because of its side effects.


alnespirone

(pharmacology) A psychoactive azapirone drug with anxiolytic and antidepressant properties.


perospirone

From (pi)per(azine) + -o- + -spirone (“buspirone derivative”).

(pharmacology) An antipsychotic piperazine drug.


ranolazine

Probably from (prop)ranol(ol) + (piper)azine.

(pharmacology) A drug C₂₄H₃₃N₃O₄ taken orally in the treatment of angina pectoris. It is marketed under the trademark Ranexa.


vardenafil

From [Term?] + -afil (“inhibitor of phosphodiesterase PDE5 with vasodilator action”).

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction

(pharmacology) A piperazine drug used to treat erectile dysfunction.


mosapramine

From [Term?] + -pramine (“substance of the imipramine group”).

(pharmacology) A particular antipsychotic drug.


hypopituitarism

en-noun

hypopituitarism (usually uncountable, plural hypopituitarisms)

(medicine) A decrease in secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland.


temefos

Probably from th(io)e(ther) + me(tho)- + -fos (“phosphorous derivative”).

af

Temefos is an organophosphorus insecticide used to control mosquito, midge, and black-fly larvae in lakes, ponds, and wetland habitats.

(pharmacology) An organophosphate larvicide used especially to treat water infested with disease-carrying fleas. [O,O,O′,O′-tetramethyl O,O′-sulfanediylbis(1,4-phenylene) diphosphorothioate].


temephos

(pharmacology) Alternative form of temefos.


griseofulvin

(pharmacology) An antifungal drug C₁₇H₁₇ClO₆ obtained from the mold Penicillium griseofulvum, used in humans and animals against fungal infections of the hair and skin.


enilconazole

From enyl + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A fungicide used particularly in the growing of citrus fruits.


rafoxanide

From [Term?] + -oxanide (“salicylanilide or analog”).

(pharmacology) A salicylanilide used as an antiparasitic agent.


epiploon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐπίπλοον (epíploon).


ethosuximide

(pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug, used especially in the treatment of petit mal epilepsy.


QTL

(genetics) Initialism of quantitative trait locus: a locus (gene) that is among the factors affecting a trait whose values of interest are continuous rather than merely two.


amnioreduction

en-noun

amnioreduction (usually uncountable, plural amnioreductions)

(surgery) The removal of excess amniotic fluid.


hamartoma

hamartoma (plural hamartomas or hamartomata)

hamartomas (plural)
hamartomata (plural)

(pathology) A benign mass of disorganized tissue.


cephalopagus

(medicine, of conjoined twins) Joined at the back of the head and fused in the upper portion of the body, with the bottom portions separate.


decitabine

From de(oxy)- + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (trademark Dacogen), a cytosine analogue that hypomethylates DNA by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase.


daunomycin

en-noun

daunomycin (countable and uncountable, plural daunomycins)

From Italian Daunia (“ancient region of Apulia”) + -o- + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) Alternative form of daunorubicin.


clofarabine

From chlo(ro)- + f(luor)- + -arabine (“arabinofuranosyl derivative”).

(pharmacology) A purine nucleoside antimetabolite used in the treatment of leukaemia.


amrubicin

From am(ino)- + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).

(pharmacology) An anthracycline used in the treatment of lung cancer.


vindesine

(pharmacology) An antimitotic vinca alkaloid used in chemotherapy.


prednimustine

(pharmacology) A drug used in chemotherapy, the ester formed from prednisolone and chlorambucil.


chlormethine

(pharmacology) A nitrogen mustard administered by injection in the form of its hydrochloride C₅H₁₁Cl₂N·HCl in the palliative treatment of neoplastic diseases (as Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia).


atrasentan

From [Term?] + -entan (“endothelin receptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A drug being researched for the treatment of various cancers.


anagrelide

(pharmacology) A drug that inhibits the maturation of platelets from megakaryocytes, used in the treatment of thrombocytosis and leukaemia.


mitobronitol

From mito- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + (di)bro(mo) + (man)nitol.

(pharmacology) A brominated analogue of mannitol, used as an anticancer drug.


bexarotene

From [Term?] + -arotene (“arotinoid derivative”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular oral antineoplastic drug.


alitretinoin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antineoplastic drug.


mitoguazone

From mito- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + gua(nylhydr)azone.

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy.


acitretin

Probably from aci(d) + tr(ans)- + -retin (“retinol derivative”).

(pharmacology) A retinoid that is used to treat psoriasis.


actarit

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(pharmacology) An anti-inflammatory drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.


aceclidine

From ace(tate) + -clidine (“muscarinic receptor agonist/antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A parasympathomimetic miotic agent that is used to treat narrow angle glaucoma.


acedapsone

We report here the successful use of a new repository sulphone, acedapsone, in a field trial in Micronesia, both for the treatment of active leprosy cases and for the prevention of leprosy in an exposed, highly susceptible population.

1971 September 4, The Lancet, volume 2, number 7723, page 525:

In the 1960s and 1970s chemoprophylaxis with dapsone and acedapsone was investigated.

2010, Roger G. Finch, Antibiotic and Chemotherapy, page 479:

The more intense effect arises, of course, from the relatively facile non-enzymatic hydrolysis of these compounds as opposed to the enzyme-dependent hydrolysis of acedapsone.

2011, R. M. Pinder, “Recent advances in the chemotherapy of malaria”, in Progress in Medicinal Chemistry, volume 8:

(pharmacology) An antimicrobial drug that is used to treat leprosy.


fleroxacin

From fl(uor)- + (pip)er(azine) + -oxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of quinolone.


flutamide

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal antiandrogen C₁₁H₁₁F₃N₂O₃ that is taken orally in the treatment of prostate cancer.


forodesine

(pharmacology) A transition-state analog inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase that is being developed to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


formestane

From [Term?] + -mestane (“aromatase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An aromatase inhibitor drug that is used to treat estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer.


atlantoaxial

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the articulation of the atlas with the axis.


nisoldipine

calcium channel blocker
calcium channel blocker

(pharmacology) A calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class.


etravirine

/ˌɛ.tɹəˈvɪɹˌin/

From [Term?] + -virine (“nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A particular drug used for the treatment of HIV.


spironolactone

(pharmacology) A steroid drug which acts as an antimineralocorticoid (for which purpose it is used in the treatment of certain types of edema and hypertension) and an antiandrogen (for which purpose it is used as part of some types of hormone therapy, especially for transgender women).


eplerenone

Probably from ep(oxy) + (e)le(ven) + -renone.

(pharmacology) An aldosterone antagonist used as an adjunct in the management of chronic heart failure.


flecainide

From (tri)fl(uoro)e(thoxy) + -cain- + (am)ide.

(pharmacology) An antiarrhythmic drug administered in the form of its acetate C₁₇H₂₀F₆N₂O₃·C₂H₄O₂ especially to treat serious ventricular arrhythmias.


mabuterol

From [Term?] + -buterol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of beta-adrenergic agonist.


haloxazolam

(pharmacology) A particular kind of benzodiazepine derivative drug.


hexylcaine

From (cyclo)hexyl + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of short-acting local anesthetic.


homosalate

As documented in a recent FDA study, chemical sunscreens, with active ingredients like oxybenzone, octocrylene, octinoxate, homosalate, and avobenzone, are applied to the skin and then can remain in the blood plasma at significant levels for days to weeks after application[.]

2024 June 21, Danielle Sinay, quoting Madhu Shetti, “Is Sunscreen Bad for You? TikTok’s Anti-SPF Movement, Explained”, in Glamour:

(pharmacology) A particular kind of organic compound ester made from salicylic acid that is used in some sunscreens.


josamycin

From Streptomyces narbonensis + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

(Streptomyces narbonensis subsp.) josa(myceticus)

(pharmacology) A kind of macrolide antibiotic.


filenadol

(pharmacology) A chemical compound with antipain properties.


nifurzide

From nifur- (“5-nitrofuran derivative”) + (hydra)zide.

(pharmacology) A particular kind of anti-infection agent.


xamoterol

From (carbo)xam(ide) + -o- + -terol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular cardiac stimulant drug.


timolol

Probably from thi(a)- + mo(rpholine) + -olol (“β-adrenoceptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound which acts as a beta blocker and is used to treat hypertension, migraine, and glaucoma.


antiinfection

(medicine) Preventing or counteracting infection.


nimorazole

(pharmacology) A particular nitroimidazole antiinfective.


terazosin

Probably from te(t)ra(hydrofuran) + -azosin + [Term?] (“prazosin-derived antihypertensive”).

benign prostatic hyperplasia
benign prostatic hyperplasia

(pharmacology) A drug taken orally in the form of its hydrated hydrochloride C₁₉H₂₅N₅O₄·HCl·2H₂O in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension.


terguride

(pharmacology) A particular dopamine agonist that is used to treat hyperprolactinemia.


rocuronium

From r(apid) + o(nset) + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

(pharmacology) An aminosteroid nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker used in anesthesia, to facilitate endotracheal intubation, and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.


rivaroxaban

/ˌɹɪv.əˈɹɑk.səˌbæn/

From rivaro- + -xaban (“blood coagulation factor Xa inhibitor”). The prefix is probably from Latin rīvārō, conjugation of rīvō (“I draw off, I withdraw”).

deep vein thrombosis
deep vein thrombosis

(pharmacology) An anticoagulant drug C₁₉H₁₈ClN₃O₅S (trademark Xarelto) that inhibits the activity of factor X and is taken orally especially to prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and to reduce the risk of stroke related to atrial fibrillation.


pinaverium

From [Term?] + (pap)aver(ine) + -ium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

(pharmacology) A calcium channel blocker used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorders.


pramocaine

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

(pharmacology) A topical anaesthetic used as an antipruritic.


vecuronium

From ve- (of unknown origin) + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

(pharmacology) A particular muscle relaxant drug.


ocinaplon

From [Term?] + -plon (“imidazopyrimidine or pyrazolopyrimidine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of anxiolytic pyrazolopyrimidine drug.


octodrine

From oct(ane) + -o- + -drine (“sympathomimetic”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of stimulant drug.


olprinone

From [Term?] + -rinone (“amrinone derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of cardiotonic agent.


ornidazole

From (chl)or- + -nidazole (“metronidazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of drug that cures some protozoan infections.


econazole

From [Term?] + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular kind of imidazole antifungal drug.


oxodipine

(pharmacology) A type of calcium channel blocker.


ozagrel

(pharmacology) An antiplatelet agent that works as a thromboxane A2 synthesis inhibitor.


phago-

From Byzantine Greek φᾰγ- (phăg-), perfective stem of ἔφᾰγον (éphăgon, “I ate, I devoured”), singular first-person aorist active indicative form (by suppletion) of ἐσθῐ́ω (esthĭ́ō, “to eat, devour, consume”).

(physiology) Of or pertaining to the phagocyte.


vulvovaginitis

en-noun

vulvovaginitis (countable and uncountable, plural vulvovaginitises or vulvovaginitides)

vulvovaginitises (plural)
vulvovaginitides (plural)

(medicine) Inflammation of the vulva and vagina.


mibefradil

Probably from m(ethox)y + be(nzimidazole) + f(luorotet)ra(lin) + -dil (“vasodilator”).

af

(pharmacology) A particular calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and chronic angina pectoris.


rofecoxib

From rofe- (of unknown origin) + -coxib (“selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A COX-2 inhibitor C₁₇H₁₄O₄S (trademark Vioxx) used to relieve the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, to manage acute pain in adults, and to treat primary dysmenorrhea but withdrawn from sale by the manufacturer because of its link to cardiovascular events (as heart attack and stroke).


trovafloxacin

From [Term?] + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the uncoiling of supercoiled DNA in various bacteria by blocking the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.


tegaserod

/təˈɡæs.əˌɹɑd/

Probably from [Term?] + g(u)a(nidine) + -serod (“serotonin receptor antagonist/partial agonist”).

irritable bowel syndrome
irritable bowel syndrome

(pharmacology) A particular drug used to treat irritable bowel syndrome and constipation.


alpidem

From [Term?] + -pidem (“zolpidem derivative”).

(pharmacology) An anxiolytic imidazopyridine drug that is related to zolpidem.


etretinate

From e(thyl) + (aci)tretin (“retinol derivative”) + -ate.

(pharmacology) A retinoid drug C₂₃H₃₀O₃ used especially to treat severe psoriasis that has been withdrawn from use in the U.S. for its tendency to cause birth defects and is typically replaced in treatment by acitretin.


tolrestat

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An aldose reductase inhibitor formerly used to treat certain diabetic complications.


temafloxacin

(pharmacology) A fluoroquinolone antibiotic drug.


rapacuronium

From [Term?] + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

(pharmacology) A nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker formerly used in anesthesia.


ximelagatran

From [Term?] + -gatran (“thrombin inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An anticoagulant drug once proposed as a replacement for warfarin but withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity risks.


efalizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, formerly available to treat autoimmune diseases, especially psoriasis, by binding CD11a of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, and associated with fatal brain infections.


antipsoriasis

(pharmacology, dermatology) Serving to prevent or counter psoriasis.


ticrynafen

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The drug tienilic acid.


tienilic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A diuretic drug with uricosuric action, formerly marketed for the treatment of hypertension.


lumiracoxib

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an analogue of diclofenac.


alosetron

From alo- (of unknown origin) + -setron (“serotonin receptor 5-HT₃ antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A 5-HT₃ antagonist used for the management of severe diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in women.


troglitazone

From [Term?] + -glitazone (“thiazolidinedione derivative”).

(pharmacology) A thiazolidinedione derivative C₂₄H₂₇NO₅S formerly used to treat type 2 diabetes but now withdrawn from use because of its link to serious hepatic reactions.


diethylstilbestrol

en-noun

diethylstilbestrol (countable and uncountable, plural diethylstilbestrols)

diethylstilbestrols (plural)
DES (abbreviation)

From diethyl + stilb(ene) + -estr- (“estrogen”) + -ol.

af

In 1971, yet another such study identified an even more unusual carcinogen, a synthetic hormonal medicine called diethylstilbestrol.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 277:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic estrogen drug C₁₈H₂₀O₂ used formerly to prevent miscarriage or premature delivery in humans and to promote growth in livestock. The medical use of diethystilbestrol was discontinued in the U.S. during the early 1970s due to its association with serious side effects (such as reproductive tract abnormalities and increased rates of infertility) in offspring exposed to the drug while developing in the uterus. It is no longer commercially available in the U.S. and its use is currently limited to specially compounded formulations for veterinary care.


Hirschsprung's disease

After Harald Hirschsprung (1830–1916), Danish physician who first described it.

(medicine) Congenital aganglionic megacolon, a disorder in which the bowel is obstructed by an aganglionic section of bowel and the colon becomes enlarged.


keliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody used in treating severe chronic asthma.


matuzumab

From [Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat cancer.


canakinumab

From -kin- (“interleukin”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody targeted at interleukin-1 beta, intended to treat rheumatoid arthritis.


cholesteatoma

en-noun

cholesteatoma (plural cholesteatomas or cholesteatomata)

cholesteatomas (plural)
cholesteatomata (plural)

(pathology) A destructive and expanding keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process.

colesteatoma

a destructive and expanding growth in the middle ear


abatacept

(pharmacology) A fusion protein composed of an immunoglobulin fused to the extracellular domain of CTLA-4, a molecule capable of binding B7, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.


arcitumomab

carcinoembryonic antigen
carcinoembryonic antigen

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used to detect carcinoembryonic antigen.


basiliximab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, especially in kidney transplants.


bavituximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody with potential applications in the treatment of cancers and viral infections.


belimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody that inhibits the biological activity of B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS).


apolizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody being studied as a treatment for hematologic cancers.


aselizumab

(pharmacology) A particular immunosuppressive drug.


alemtuzumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and T-cell lymphoma, targeting CD52.


adecatumumab

From -tum- (“tumor”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A recombinant monoclonal antibody used to target tumour cells.


cedelizumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody that acts on the immune system and may have applications in preventing organ transplant rejections and in treating autoimmune diseases.


cixutumumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of solid tumours.


clenoliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody that acts as an immunomodulator.


conatumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used to treat cancer.


bertilimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody that binds to eotaxin 1.


atorolimumab

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug directed against the Rhesus factor.


bivatuzumab

(pharmacology) A particular humanized monoclonal antibody.


cantuzumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat colorectal cancer.


alacizumab

From [Term?] + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used as an antineoplastic.


certolizumab

(pharmacology) A particular monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of Crohn's disease.


ustekinumab

As another interleukin 12/23 antagonist, briakinumab, was withdrawn from further development in part due to concerns about cardiovascular safety, discussion has also emerged on cardiovascular safety of ustekinumab.

2015 December 4, “Patient Preferences for Biologicals in Psoriasis: Top Priority of Safety for Cardiovascular Patients”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin 12 and interleukin 23, in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis.


urtoxazumab

From [Term?] + -toxa- (“toxin”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli#Translingual

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat diarrhoea caused by Escherichia coli.


zalutumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of cancer of the head and neck.


zanolimumab

From -lim- (“immunomodulating”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody and immunosuppressive drug.


-tomy

From Ancient Greek τέμνω (témnō, “I cut”).

Cutting, incision, section
(anatomy) A division.

Cutting, incision, section
(surgery) A surgical incision.

Cutting, incision, section
A surgical incision.


votumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used to detect colorectal tumours.


volociximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody used to treat various solid tumours.


visilizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated for use as an immunosuppressive drug in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.


vepalimomab

(pharmacology) A mouse monoclonal antibody used to treat inflammations.


vapaliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody used as an immunosuppressive drug.


vedolizumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody under investigation for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.


veltuzumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody under investigation for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.


supramarginal

The superior aspect of the supramarginal gyrus lies underneath the euryon, which corresponds to the most prominent point of the parietal tuberosity or bossa […]

2018, Guilherme Carvalhal Ribas, Applied Cranial-Cerebral Anatomy:


foveola

en-noun

foveola (plural foveolas or foveolae or foveolæ)

foveolas (plural)
foveolae (plural)
foveolæ (plural)

(anatomy) The center of the fovea in the macula of the eye, approximately 0.35 mm in diameter, containing only cone cells.


vulvitis

vulvitis (usually uncountable, plural vulvitides)

(medicine) An often painful inflammation of the vulva.


retroplacental

en-adj

retroplacental (comparative more retroplacental, superlative most retroplacental)

more retroplacental (comparative)
most retroplacental (superlative)

(anatomy) Between the placenta and myometrium


cysticercosis

en-noun

cysticercosis (countable and uncountable, plural cysticercoses)

From cysticercus + -osis. Also refer to -sis.

central nervous system
central nervous system

(medicine) A parasitic infestation of the voluntary muscles, lungs, central nervous system and other organs, caused by the ingestion of eggs of the tapeworm Taenia solium.


ondansetron

Probably from ond- (of unknown origin) + serotonin receptor antagonist.

af

(pharmacology) A carbazole derivative (trademark Zofran), C₁₈H₁₉N₃O, that is a serotonin receptor antagonist administered by injection and by mouth to relieve nausea and vomiting, especially during cancer therapy.


hepatolenticular

(medicine) Pertaining to the liver and the lens of the eye, which suffer degenerative effects in Wilson's disease.


Wilson's disease

Named after Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson (1878–1937), the British neurologist who first described the condition in 1912.

(medicine) An autosomal-recessive genetic disorder in which copper accumulates in tissues, resulting in neurological or psychiatric symptoms and liver disease.


immunosenescence

(immunology, pathology) The gradual deterioration of the immune system caused by the ageing process.


keratopathy

en-noun

keratopathy (countable and uncountable, plural keratopathies)

(medicine) Any of various diseases of the eye.


keratoacanthoma

keratoacanthoma (plural keratoacanthomas or keratoacanthomata)

keratoacanthomas (plural)
keratoacanthomata (plural)

(pathology) A common low-grade malignancy of the skin.


luetic

(medicine, psychiatry, obsolete) Of or pertaining to lues (syphilis).


luetic

(medicine, psychiatry, obsolete) A person who has lues (syphilis); a syphilitic.


gastrectasia

gastrectasia (usually uncountable, plural gastrectasias)


ectasia

ectasia (countable and uncountable, plural ectasias)

From Ancient Greek ἔκτασις (éktasis), from ἐκτείνω (ekteínō, “I stretch out”) + -σῐς (-sĭs), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) + τείνω (teínō, “I stretch”).


gastrocele

(anatomy) A cavity in the embryonic gastrula

(pathology) A hernia in part of the stomach


fresolimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody and immunomodulator under investigation for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and cancer.


glomerulosclerosis

en-noun

glomerulosclerosis (usually uncountable, plural glomeruloscleroses)

(medicine) A hardening of the glomerulus in the kidney.


figitumumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody under investigation for the treatment of various cancers.


erlizumab

af

[Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”)

(pharmacology) A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody developed to treat heart attack, stroke, and traumatic shock.


dacetuzumab

[Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”)

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody under development for the treatment of certain cancers.


foravirumab

From -vir- (“viral”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody for the prophylaxis of rabies.


daclizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, especially in kidney transplants.


ecromeximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody being developed for the treatment of malignant melanoma.


efungumab

From -fung- (“fungal”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody intended to treat invasive Candida infection in combination with amphotericin B.


eculizumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody directed against the complement protein C5.


felvizumab

From [Term?] + -vi- (“viral”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

Human respiratory syncytial virus#Translingual

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Human respiratory syncytial virus.


etaracizumab

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and various cancers.


exbivirumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody developed for the treatment of hepatitis B.


gantenerumab

From -ner- (“neural”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used as an immunomodulator in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.


fontolizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used as an immunomodulator.


epratuzumab

From epra- (of unknown origin) + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody with potential applications in oncology and in the treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders such as lupus.


galiximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma.


ibalizumab

(pharmacology) A nonimmunosuppressive monoclonal antibody being investigated as an HIV entry inhibitor.


iratumumab

-tum- (“tumor”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”)

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of oncological diseases.


ipilimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody being developed as a drug to activate the immune system.


poikilocytosis

(pathology) Presence in the blood of red blood cells with abnormal shape or an entirely different shape


paper cut

(medicine) A wound caused by a piece of paper or any thin, sharp material which can slice through a person's skin.


kwashiorkor

en-noun

kwashiorkor (countable and uncountable, plural kwashiorkors)

/ˌkwɑʃ.i.ɔɹˈkɔɹ/

From Ga kwašiɔkɔ, kwàṣìɔkɔ́ (“the sickness the older child gets when the next baby is born”).

(pathology) A form of malnutrition, found in children, caused by dietary insufficiency of protein in combination with a high-carbohydrate diet.


immunoprophylactic

(immunology) Of or pertaining to immunoprophylaxis


pseudopatient

Most of the pseudopatients were falsely diagnosed with mental disorders.

It is clear that we cannot distinguish the sane from the insane in psychiatric hospitals. […] I and the other pseudopatients in the psychiatric setting had distinctly negative reactions. We do not pretend to describe the subjective experiences of true patients. Theirs may be different from ours, particularly with the passage of time and the necessary process of adaptation to one’s environment. But we can and do speak to the relatively more objective indices of treatment within the hospital.

1973 January 19, D[avid] L. Rosenhan, “On Being Sane in Insane Places”, in Science, volume 179, number 4070, Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, →PMID, archived from the original on 2018-09-26, page 257, columns 2–3:

Perhaps even more disturbing than the professionals’ failure to discover their pseudopatients’ “sanity,” the psychiatrists interpreted their “normal” behaviors as confirming the initial diagnoses. For example, when the pseudopatients kept notes of their experiences, one professional marked on a pseudopatient’s chart that he had engaged in “writing behavior.” In another case, a pseudopatient pacing the hall from boredom was interpreted as pacing from nervousness.

1997, Nancy Carrick, Lawrence Finsen, “Evaluating Arguments II: Inductive Reasoning”, in The Persuasive Pen: An Integrated Approach to Reasoning and Writing (The Jones and Bartlett Series in Philosophy), Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, →ISBN, page 169:

Samuel Sarkodie, an M.A. student in medical sociology at the University of Legon in Ghana, spent three days in a rural hospital in 1994 as a pseudopatient with a false case of malaria. The hospital staff were in on the study— […]

2002, H[arvey] Russell Bernard, Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Methods, 3rd edition, Walnut Creek, Calif., Lanham, Md.: AltaMira Press, →ISBN, page 414:

(medicine) A person who poses as a patient so that research may be conducted or staff trained.

假病人

person who poses as a patient for research or staff training


founder effect

The view that Navajo neuropathy was purely inherited continued to have its adherents. It did seem logical. There were multiple cases within families. The syndrome had appeared suddenly, the way a “founder effect” disease might.

2006 November 20, Judy Pasternak, “Oases in Navajo Desert Contained 'A Witch's Brew'”, in Los Angeles Times:

(genetics, evolutionary theory) A reduction in genetic diversity resulting when a population is descended from a small number of colonising ancestors.

تَأْثِير المُؤَسِّس

lessening of genetic variation when the entire population descends from a small number of founders


nontopical

(medicine) Not topical: not applied to a localized part of the body.


familial Mediterranean fever

familial Mediterranean fever (usually uncountable, plural familial Mediterranean fevers)

(pathology) a hereditary inflammatory disorder, characterized by recurrent fever, that affects groups of people originating from around the Mediterranean Sea, including Armenians, Sephardi Jews, Greeks, and Arabs


ankylosing spondylitis

(pathology) A particular arthritis disease that affects usually the joints between vertebrae and the sacroiliac joint.


spondylitis

spondylitis (countable and uncountable, plural spondylitides or spondylites)

spondylitides (plural)
spondylites (plural)


suppurant

At least superficially suppure + -ant. Ultimately from Latin suppūrō.


bucco-

From buccal, from Latin bucca (“mouth; cheek”).

(anatomy, medicine, dentistry) buccal; related to the cheek.

(anatomy, medicine, dentistry) (rarely; historically) oral; related to the mouth, especially the oral cavity.


nonprojectile

nonprojectile emesis

(medicine, of vomiting) Not projectile vomit.


retropharyngeal

/ˌɹɛ.tɹəʊ.fəˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/

/ˌɹɛ.tɹəʊ.fa.ɹɪnˈd͡ʒiː.əl/

/ˌɹɛ.tɹəʊ.fa.ɹənˈd͡ʒiː.əl/

/ˌɹɛ.tɹoʊˌfæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/

/ˌɹɛ.tɹoʊ.fəˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/

Mid 19th century from retro- + pharyngeal, after French rétro-pharyngien.

(anatomy, relational) Located behind the pharynx.


marfanoid

(medicine, of a condition) Apparently similar to Marfan syndrome, but not necessarily associated with the elastin gene.


antiplatelet

(immunology) Working against or destroying blood platelets.


ichthyol

ichthyol (countable and uncountable, plural ichthyols)

Ancient Greek ἰχθύς (ikhthús, “fish”) + -ol, since it is an oily mixture prepared by dry distillation of a bituminous mineral containing fossil fishes.

(medicine) The ammonium salt of sulfonated bitumen; used to treat some forms of skin diseases


cystinosis

(pathology) A disorder caused by abnormal metabolism of cystine.


mesocolon

mesocolon (plural mesocolons or mesocola)

(anatomy) The part of the mesentery that attaches the colon to the abdominal wall.

mesocolon

the part of the mesentery that attaches the colon to the abdominal wall


grand rounds

(medicine education, invariant) A series of lectures whose subject matter is a particular patient or similar case or a formal hospital meeting at which physicians discuss interesting medical cases.


abortus fever

(medicine) A kind of brucellosis, Brucella abortus, and the only one endemic to North America.


crispant

(genetics) A F0 generation mutant generated by CRISPR/Cas9-directed genome editing.


metabasis

From Late Latin metabasis, from Ancient Greek μετάβασις (metábasis, “a change, a transition”), from μεταβαίνω (metabaínō, “I cross”), from μετά (metá) and βαίνω (baínō, “I move”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-.

der

(pathology) Any change in the course of a disease; metabola.


EMG

en-noun

EMG (countable and uncountable, plural EMGs)

(medicine) Initialism of electromyography.

(medicine, countable) Initialism of electromyograph.

(medicine, countable) Initialism of electromyogram.


cannulate

en-verb

cannulate (third-person singular simple present cannulates, present participle cannulating, simple past and past participle cannulated)

cannulates (present singular third-person)
cannulating (participle present)
cannulated (participle past)
cannulated (past)

(medicine) to use a cannula; to insert a tube, particularly into a vein


microinvasive

(surgery) That involves a very small invasion


ureterosigmoidostomy

(medicine) A surgical procedure in which the ureters are diverted into the sigmoid colon.


urethroscopy

en-noun

urethroscopy (countable and uncountable, plural urethroscopies)

(medicine) Examination of the interior of the urethra.

uretroscòpia

examination of the interior of the urethra


stomatic

But as to uſquebagh; ah long life to the liquor—it is an exhilirator of the bovvels, and a ſtomatic to the head; I ſay, Mr. Preſident, it invigorates, it ſtimulates, it—in ſhort it is the onlieſt liquor of life, and no man alive vvill die vvhilſt he drinks it.

1762, [Samuel] Foote, The Orators. […], Dublin: […] Thomas Richey, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 54:

(medicine, archaic) A medicine for diseases of the mouth.


postinjection

The gastrocnemius is very prone to postinjection soreness.

1992, Janet G Travell, David G Simons, Myofascial pain and dysfunction: the trigger point manual:

(medicine) After an injection is administered


preinjection

(medicine) Before an injection is administered.


IEA

(epidemiology) Initialism of International Epidemiological Association.


eutely

From Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”) (modern sense: “true”) + τέλος (télos, “result, end”) + -y, i.e. “the state of having a true limit”.

(microbiology, cytology) The property of a species that all members have the same pattern of cell division, and thus the same number of cells, either in the whole body or in a particular organ system such as the nervous system.


monoplegia

(pathology) Complete paralysis of a single limb (or muscle)


labially

en-adv

labially (comparative more labially, superlative most labially)

more labially (comparative)
most labially (superlative)

Transillumination of anterior teeth, using the composite curing light placed labially to shine through the tooth and be viewed using the mouth mirror, shows up any cavities as dark interproximal shadows.

2013, Carole Hollins, Questions and Answers for Dental Nurses, page 44:

(linguistics, dentistry) In a labial manner; by means of the lips.


causalgia

en-noun

causalgia (countable and uncountable, plural causalgias)

From New Latin causalgia, from Ancient Greek καῦσος (kaûsos, “burning heat”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”). By surface analysis, caus- + -algia.

der

complex regional pain syndrome
complex regional pain syndrome

(medicine) A disorder with intense burning pain, one of two types of complex regional pain syndrome.


pedi

“We've drilled it into all the fire departments to give us a heads-up with pedi patients. Even Frank knows that.”

2001, Janice Hudson, Trauma Junkie: Memoirs of an Emergency Flight Nurse, page 79:

(medicine, informal) Clipping of pediatric.


acetonemia

(veterinary medicine) Presence of excessive levels of acetone in blood, sometimes occurring in cows during the first weeks after giving birth to a calf.

asetonitauti

presence of excessive levels of acetone in blood


acetonuria

(pathology) A form of ketonuria characterized by the presence of acetone in the urine


policlinic

From Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “city”) + English clinic.

(US, medicine, very rare) An outpatient clinic, especially of a hospital.


agalactia

en-noun

agalactia (usually uncountable, plural agalactias)

From New Latin agalactia, from Ancient Greek ἀγαλακτία (agalaktía, “lack of milk”), from ἀγάλακτος (agálaktos) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā), from ᾰ̓- (ă-, “not; without”) + γᾰ́λᾰ, γᾰ́λᾰκτος (gắlă, gắlăktos, “milk”).

der

(pathology) The failure of a mother (human or otherwise) to produce sufficient milk following birth.

agalaktia

failure of a mother to produce sufficient milk following childbirth


TENS

w:transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

(medicine) Initialism of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.

toxic epidermal necrolysis
w:toxic epidermal necrolysis

(medicine) Abbreviation of toxic epidermal necrolysis.


dermatoscopy

(medicine) The examination of skin lesions with a dermatoscope—a magnifier (typically x10) with a light and a liquid medium between the instrument and the skin, thus illuminating the lesion without reflected light.


anesis

From Ancient Greek ἄνεσις (ánesis, “loosening, abatement, remission”).

lbor

(medicine) Remission of disease symptoms.


DSD

A DSD called congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), for example, causes the body to produce excessive amounts of male sex hormones; XX individuals with this condition are born with ambiguous genitalia (an enlarged clitoris and fused labia that resemble a scrotum).

2015, Claire Ainsworth, “Sex redefined”, in Nature, volume 518, number 7539:

disorder of sex development
disorder of sex development#English

(medicine) Initialism of disorder of sex development.

Differences of sex development (DSD) describes a group of conditions that occur early in pregnancy in which sex development is not typical. It was previously known as “intersex”. Some people with DSDs are raised as female but have XY sex chromosomes and blood testosterone levels in the male range.

2024 August 3, Daniel Boffey, Sean Ingle, “IOC puts out correction after president Thomas Bach confuses gender issues”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(medicine) Initialism of difference of sex development.


prazosin

Probably from (pi)p(e)raz(ine) + -o- + -in.

(pharmacology) An alpha-blocker used chiefly as a smooth muscle relaxant, especially in the treatment of hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia.


tamsulosin

en-noun

tamsulosin (usually uncountable, plural tamsulosins)

From tam- (of unknown origin) + sul(fonamide) + -osin (“α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist”).

af

alpha-adrenergic blocking agent
alpha-blocker

(pharmacology) An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent administered orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₀H₂₈N₂O₅S·HCl to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.


neuroma

(pathology) A tumour composed of nerve cells.


symptom journal

en-noun

symptom journal (plural symptom journals)

(health, health sciences) A means of regularly tracking and recording the symptoms of individuals and their daily health choices in relationship to their health outcomes.


paraclade

(genetics) A group of paraphyletic or monophyletic evolutionary lineages


Alzheimer

(medicine, rare) Somebody with Alzheimer's disease.


phoniatrics

(medicine) The medical research and treatment of organs involved with speech production.


epicanthus

/ˌɛpɪˈkænθəs/

(anatomy) A skin fold of the upper eyelid, typical of East Asians.

epicant

a skin fold of the upper eyelid, typical of East Asians


angiosarcoma

angiosarcoma (plural angiosarcomas or angiosarcomata)

angiosarcomas (plural)
angiosarcomata (plural)

(oncology) Any malignant tumour of vascular tissue


nonpyrogenic

(pathology, chemistry, geology) Not pyrogenic.


adipous

Mr. Copland Hutchison remarks*, that the cellular texture connecting the adipous membrane, to the fascia or muscles, suppurates and sloughs more readily than the adipous substance itself.

1828, W. Lawrence, “Observations on the Nature and Treatment of Erysipelas”, in Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, 14 (2): 15:

(anatomy, archaic) Of or relating to adipose, the fatty tissue.


obesogen

An 'obesogenic' environment / An environment containing stimuli that encourage obesity can be dubbed an 'obesogenic' environment. Obesity is communicated from parents to children through many potential Obesogens'^([sic]) - from the choices available at breakfast, the transport to school, the contents of the lunchbox, the weekend activities, the rules on eating sweets or the presence of TV sets in the bedroom.

2004 January 1, Tim Lobstein, “Child obesity: public health meets the global economy”, in Consumer Policy Review:

(pathology) A chemical or other factor that disturbs the body's normal processes, causing it to tend toward obesity.

lihottava kemikaali

A chemical or other factor that causes obesity


sense strand

(genetics) A strand of (two-stranded) DNA which is transcribed into mRNA.


anticontagionist

(medicine) A proponent of anticontagionism.


waxy flexibility

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-waxy flexibility.wav

(medicine) A psychomotor symptom of catatonic schizophrenia which leads to a decreased response to stimuli and a tendency to remain in an immobile posture.

flexibilidade cérea

decreased response to stimuli and immobile posture in catatonic schizophrenia


nephropexy

(surgery) suspension or fixation of the kidney


muscle tone

(physiology) The continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles, which helps maintain posture.

肌張力 /肌张力

the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles


PRO

PRO (countable and uncountable, plural PROs)

In the bivariate analysis carried out by subgroups, we did not find statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between bionaïve or bioexperienced patients, patients with BMI < 30 or BMI > 30 in relation to the efficacy variables (PASI and BSA) and analyzed PROs (VAS pruritus and DLQI).

2022 August 30, Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde, Lourdes Rodriguez Fernandez-Freire, Pilar Font-Ugalde, Manuel Galan-Gutierrez, “Tildrakizumab: Efficacy, Safety and Survival in Mid-Term (52 Weeks) in Three Tertiary Hospitals in Andalucia (Spain)”, in Journal of Clinical Medicine, volume 11, number 17, →DOI, page 5:

patient-reported outcome
w:patient-reported outcome

(medicine) Initialism of patient-reported outcome.


norgestrel

/nɔːˈd͡ʒɛ.stɹl̩/

/nɔɹˈd͡ʒɛ.stɹəl/

From nor- + -gestr- (“estrogen”) + e(thy)l.

(pharmacology) A synthetic progestogen C₂₁H₂₈O₂ having two optically active forms of which the biologically active levorotatory form is used in birth control pills.


buccally

Banded molars can be rotated, moved buccally and lingually, extruded on one side, and intruded on the other side in ways that are not desired.

2010, Robert N. Staley, Neil T. Reske, Essentials of Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Treatment, →ISBN, page 86:

(dentistry, medicine, referring to force, movement, or both) In the buccal direction; toward the cheek.

(dentistry, medicine) Via buccal administration; via absorption through the mucosa of the cheek.


suspensorium

(anatomy) Anything that suspends or holds up a part, especially the mandibular suspensorium, a series of bones or cartilages connecting the base of the lower jaw with the skull in most vertebrates below mammals


pathognomic

en-adj

pathognomic (comparative more pathognomic, superlative most pathognomic)

more pathognomic (comparative)
most pathognomic (superlative)

From Latin pathognomicus, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek παθογνωμικός (pathognōmikós), shortened form of παθογνωμονικός (pathognōmonikós, “pathognomonic”).

uder

παθογνωμικός

In 1859, Alfred Garrod (1819–1907) devised a simple chemical test pathognomic for gout.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 334:

(medicine) Indicative of a specific disease, disorder etc.; pathognomonic.


pathognomic

παθογνωμικός

(medicine, obsolete) An indication of a specific disease or disorder.


ental

en-adj

ental (comparative more ental, superlative most ental)

more ental (comparative)
most ental (superlative)

Each pleura is seen to be a closed sack, which lines the corresponding side of the thorax to form the ectal or parietal lamina, and is reflected upon the viscera to form the ental or visceral lamina

1881, Burt Green Wilder, A Guide to the Practical Work in Elementary Anatomy Etc.:

(anatomy) Relating to, or situated near, central or inside parts; inner.


nondisseminated

(medicine) Not disseminated; topical, local.


OSCE

w:objective structured clinical examination

(medicine) Initialism of objective structured clinical examination.


nonback

As we have noted, back pain may stem from many nonback conditions, including peptic ulcer, prostate disease, kidney disease, retroverted uterus...

1973, Lawrence W Friedmann, Lawrence Galton, Freedom From Backaches:

(medicine) Not of or pertaining to the back (rear side of the body).


oligogenic

(genetics, of a trait) Determined by a small number of genes


overdominance

(genetics) The case in which a heterozygote has a higher fitness or more extreme phenotype than either homozygote.


agnathous

/ˈæɡ.nə.θəs/

From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “without”) + Ancient Greek γνάθος (gnáthos, “jaw”) + -ous, equivalent to a- + -gnathous.

affix

Dr Underhill exhibited an agnathous and hydrocephalic fœtus. This was an instance of the rare abnormality due to defect of the lower jaw.

1886, “Exhibition of Specimens: Meeting V”, Transactions of the Edinburgh Obstetrical Society, volume 11, page 79:

Upon this view an agnathous fœtus may be regarded as sometimes due to a posterior dichotomy, which has ultimately become a complete separation, and in which the two fœtuses have developed equally during a considerable part of intra-uterine life.

1893, “Proceedings of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland: November 1892”, Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, volume 27, page xvii:

In all the neonates examined from the partially agnathous strain, there was no obvious agenesia of the lower mandible.

1964, M. W. Fox, “Anatomy of the Canine Skull in Low-grade Otocephaly”, Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Science, volume 28, pages 105–106:

(pathology) Afflicted by or characteristic of agnathia.


aspermic

en-adj

aspermic (comparative more aspermic, superlative most aspermic)

more aspermic (comparative)
most aspermic (superlative)


intetumumab

From -tum- (“tumor”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A particular human monoclonal antibody.


ofatumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, used to treat multiple sclerosis and certain types of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


ocrelizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody with possible applications as an immunosuppressive drug.


GTP

en-noun

GTP (countable and uncountable, plural GTPs)

gene therapy product
gene therapy product#English

(biotechnology, medical genetics, molecular biology) Initialism of gene therapy product.

medical genetics; molecular biology; medical genetics; molecular biology


agnathia

Derived from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “without”) + γνάθος (gnáthos, “jaw”) + -ia.

der+

When there is agnathia, instead of the inferior maxillary bone we find nothing but a kind of tubercle formed of skin, cellular tissue, fat, and some few muscular fibres.

1831, William West, translation of Gabriel Andral, A Treatise on Pathological Anatomy, Hodges and Smith, volume 2, page 283

The lower jaw may be absent (agnathia).

1907, Francis Delafield and T. Mitchell Prudden, A Text-Book of Pathology, eighth edition, William Wood, page 304

As such, it is often accompanied by agnathia, a congenital absence of the mandible[…].

2006, Mark I. Evans et al., Prenatal Diagnosis, McGraw-Hill, →ISBN, page 240:

(pathology) A birth defect in which the mandible is missing.


agnathic

From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “without”) + γνάθος (gnáthos, “jaw”) + -ic.

[…]an imperforate pharynx which existed in an agnathic lamb.

1902, Bertram C. A. Windle, “Twelfth Report on Recent Teratological Literature”, in Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, volume 36, page 303:

In the mouth: various irregularities, such as wide separation of the teeth; abnormal development of the canines; the prognathic or agnathic jaw; high arching of the palate; cleft palate—all are found more frequently among persons otherwise degenerate than in normal individuals.

1913, John H. Musser, A Practical Treatise on Medical Diagnosis for Students and Physicians, 6th edition, Lea & Febiger, page 87:

Most pregnancies with agnathic fetuses are associated with polyhydramnios, which probably result from fetal inability to swallow because of persistence of the oropharyngeal membrane.

2006, Karen Gripp, Luis Fernando Escobar, “Facial Bones”, in Human Malformations and Related Anomalies, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 287:


blood count

Holonym: hemogram

(medicine) A blood test that provides information about the cells in a patient's blood.


repaglinide

/ɹəˈpæɡ.lɪˌnaɪd/

From repa- (of unknown origin) + glinide.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A meglitinide drug C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄ (trademark Prandin) that stimulates insulin release and is taken orally to treat type 2 diabetes.


meglitinide

en-noun

meglitinide (countable and uncountable, plural meglitinides)

From me(thoxy) + gli- (“antihyperglycemic”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Any of a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A chemical compound which is the prototype of this drug class (see drawing).


nateglinide

From nate- (of unknown origin) + glinide.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A meglitinide drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas.


pagibaximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody under investigation for the prevention of staphylococcal sepsis in infants with low birth weight.


palivizumab

From pali- (“palliative”) + -vi- (“viral”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

af

respiratory syncytial virus
respiratory syncytial virus

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used in the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections.


panobacumab

From -bac- (“bacterial”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#Translingual

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody designed as an antibacterial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


pascolizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody designed to treat asthma.


pertuzumab

From [Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody being developed as a drug to slow tumour growth.


pexelizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody designed to reduce side effects of cardiac surgery.


priliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody designed to treat Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis.


pritumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used in treating brain cancer.


nimotuzumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used to treat squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, and glioma.


nebacumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody developed for the treatment of sepsis but later withdrawn.


necitumumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody and antineoplastic that binds to EGFR, under investigation for the treatment of cancer.


SPS

stiff person syndrome
stiff person syndrome#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of stiff person syndrome.

sticky platelet syndrome
sticky platelet syndrome#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of sticky platelet syndrome.


long-term potentiation

Long-term potentiation, like sea-slug learning, absolutely depends on a change in the properties of synapses, in this case the synapses between the inputting cells and the pyramidal cells.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 228:

(neuroscience) A long-lasting (hours in vitro, weeks to months in vivo) increase, typically in amplitude, of the response of a postsynaptic neuron to a particular pattern of stimuli from a presynaptic neuron.


chromosomal localization

en-noun

chromosomal localization (plural chromosomal localizations)

Early genetic studies focused on the identification and chromosomal localization of genes that control readily observable characteristics, such as the eye color of Drosophila.

2000, Geoffrey M. Cooper, “Heredity, Genes, and DNA”, in The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 2nd edition, →ISBN, →OCLC, page ch.3/sec.2:

(genetics) specified location on a chromosome in the context of a karyotype


gene product

Polyclonal antibodies were prepared against the period gene product, which influences biological rhythms in D. melanogaster, by using small synthetic peptides from the per sequence as immunogens.

1988 April 1, “Antibodies to the period gene product of drosophila reveal diverse tissue distribution and rhythmic changes in the visual system”, in Neuron, volume 1, number 2, page 141:

Certain gene functions, however, are inherently dosage-sensitive (Fisher and Scambler, 1994). These include:
* gene products that are part of a quantitative signaling system whose function depends on partial or variable occupancy of a receptor, DNA-binding site, etc.;
* gene products that compete with each other to determine a developmental or metabolic switch;
* gene products that co-operate with each other in interactions with fixed stoichiometry (such as the α and β globins or many structural proteins).
In each case the gene product is titrated against something else in the cell.

1999, Strachan, Tom and Read, Andrew, “Molecular Pathology”, in Human Molecular Genetics 2, →ISBN:

In this case, we find that the majority of the predicted protein matches the FMR1 gene product but that we have introduced some novel peptide sequence at the amino-terminal end as well as some near the carboxy terminus.

2009, The National Library of Medicine, “Exercises: Using Map Viewer”, in The NCBI Handbook, →OCLC:

(genetics) RNA or protein product of a gene


AVN

avascular necrosis
avascular necrosis#English

(medicine) Initialism of avascular necrosis.


MAF

(genetics) Initialism of minor allele frequency: the frequency of the less-common allele at a SNP.


paternity test

(law, genetics) A test performed to determine the biological father of a child.


antihyperalgesic

(pharmacology) Serving to counter hyperalgesia


paranoid personality disorder

paranoid personality disorder (plural paranoid personality disorders)

(psychiatry) A mental disorder characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.


nonsalivary

a nonsalivary tumour

(medicine) Not of or pertaining to the salivary gland.


synthetic lethality

synthetic lethality (usually uncountable, plural synthetic lethalities)

(genetics) A type of genetic interaction in which two (or more) mutations which are not lethal when occurring singly in a cell are lethal when they occur together in the same cell.


optic chiasm

(neuroanatomy, anatomy) The part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross.


nosocomephobia

From Ancient Greek νοσοκομεῖον (nosokomeîon, “hospital”) + -phobia.

der

(medicine) An abnormal fear of hospitals.


stupefacient

en-adj

stupefacient (comparative more stupefacient, superlative most stupefacient)

more stupefacient (comparative)
most stupefacient (superlative)

(medicine) Inducing stupor or drowsiness (with a drug such as a narcotic or an anaesthetic).


stupefacient

(medicine) Any drug that induces stupor or drowsiness.


paucisymptomatic

paucisymptomatic (comparative more paucisymptomatic, superlative most paucisymptomatic)

more paucisymptomatic (comparative)
most paucisymptomatic (superlative)


heliotrope cyanosis

(pathology) A bluish colouration of the skin that is a symptom of Spanish influenza


chromhidrosis

(medicine) A rare condition characterized by the secretion of coloured sweat, caused by the deposition of lipofuscin in the sweat glands.


hair bundle

As revealed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, the cavities are arranged in a characteristic honeycomb-like pattern and each hair bundle is enclosed in an alveolus.

1975, K. Tanaka, C. A Smith, “Structure of the avian tectorial membrane.”, in The Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, 84, no 3, pt 1 (May-June 1975), 287:

1988 Howard, J. and Hudspeth, A. J. "Compliance of the hair bundle associated with gating of mechanoelectrical transduction channels in the Bullfrog's saccular hair cell." Neuron 1, no. 3, (1 May 1988) [cited 18 December 2009], 189, http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/0896-6273%2888%2990139-0 .
To test this model, we measured the stiffness of hair bundles during mechanical stimulation.

(cytology) a group of cellular processes resembling hair, characteristic of hair cells


inguinodynia

(pathology) A pain in the groin, typically appearing after a hernia operation.


occipitofrontalis

Borrowed from New Latin occipitofrontālis, clipping of mūsculus occipitofrontālis (“occipitofrontal muscle”). Doublet of occipitofrontal.

clipping

epicranial aponeurosis
epicranial aponeurosis

(anatomy) A large flat muscle on each side of the vertex of the skull, consisting of an occipital portion (arising from the occipital and temporal bones) and a frontal portion that are separated by the epicranial aponeurosis, and serving to draw the scalp backwards, raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead.


occipitofrontal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the occipital and frontal bones of the skull.

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the occipitofrontalis muscle.

occipitofrontale

of or pertaining to the occipitofrontalis muscle


occipitalis

Unadapted borrowing from New Latin occipitālis, ellipsis of mūsculus occipitālis (“occipital muscle”). Doublet of occipital.

ellipsis

Coordinate term: frontalis

(anatomy) A muscle of the head that arises from the lateral two-thirds of the superior nuchal lines and from the mastoid part of the temporal bone, inserts into the galea aponeurotica, and acts to move the scalp; it is sometimes considered to be part of the occipitofrontalis muscle.


frontalis

Borrowed from New Latin frontālis, clipping of mūsculus frontālis (“frontal muscle”). Doublet of frontal.

clipping

Coordinate term: occipitalis

(anatomy) A muscle of the forehead, sometimes considered to be part of the occipitofrontalis muscle.


orbicularis oculi

en-noun

orbicularis oculi (plural orbiculares oculorum)

/ɔːˌbɪk.jʊˈlɑː.ɹɪs ˈɒk.jʊ.lʌɪ/

/ɔɹˌbɪk.jəˌlɛɹ.ɪs ˈɑk.jəˌlaɪ/

Borrowed from New Latin orbiculāris oculī, clipping of mūsculus orbiculāris oculī (“orbicular muscle of the eye”).

clipping

Coordinate term: orbicularis oris

(anatomy) A muscle of the face that encircles the orbit and passes through the eyelids, serving to close the eye.


corrugator supercilii

en-noun

corrugator supercilii (plural corrugatores superciliorum)

Borrowed from New Latin corrūgātor superciliī (“wrinkler of the eyebrow”).

bor

Coordinate term: corrugator cutis ani

(anatomy) A small narrow pyramidal muscle at the medial end of the eyebrow.


levator palpebrae superioris

en-noun

levator palpebrae superioris (plural levatores palpebrarum superiorum)

levatores palpebrarum superiorum (plural)

Borrowed from New Latin levātor palpebrae superiōris (“lifter of the superior eyelid”).

bor

(anatomy) A thin flat extrinsic muscle of the eye arising from the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone, passing forward and downward over the superior rectus, and inserting into the tarsal plate of the skin of the upper eyelid which it elevates.


superior rectus

(anatomy) The thinnest and narrowest of the four extraocular muscles of the eyeball in the orbit, which arises from the border of the optic foramen and inserts into the superior aspect of the sclera.


inferior rectus

(anatomy) One of the four extraocular muscles of the eyeball in the orbit, which arises from the border of the optic foramen and inserts into the inferior aspect of the sclera.


medial rectus

(anatomy) The broadest of the four extraocular muscles of the eyeball in the orbit, which arises from the border of the optic foramen and inserts into the medial aspect of the sclera.


lateral rectus

(anatomy) The longest of the four extraocular muscles of the eyeball in the orbit, which arises by two heads from the border of the optic foramen and inserts into the lateral aspect of the sclera.


superior oblique

en-noun

superior oblique (plural superior obliques)

Coordinate term: inferior oblique

superior oblique muscle
superior oblique muscle#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of superior oblique muscle..


inferior oblique

inferior oblique (plural inferior obliques)

Coordinate term: superior oblique

inferior oblique muscle
inferior oblique muscle#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of inferior oblique muscle.


immunoserology

(immunology) The branch of serology that involves studies of the immune response


auricular muscle

auricular muscle (plural auricular muscles)

(anatomy) Alternative form of auricularis.


anterior auricular muscle

anterior auricular muscle (plural anterior auricular muscles)

auricularis anterior
auricularis anterior#English

(anatomy) Alternative form of auricularis anterior.


superior auricular muscle

superior auricular muscle (plural superior auricular muscles)

auricularis superior
auricularis superior#English

(anatomy) Alternative form of auricularis superior.


posterior auricular muscle

posterior auricular muscle (plural posterior auricular muscles)

auricularis posterior
auricularis posterior#English

(anatomy) Alternative form of auricularis posterior.


stapedius

Borrowed from New Latin stapedius, clipping of mūsculus stapedius (“stapedial muscle”). Doublet of stapedial.

clipping

(anatomy) A small muscle of the middle ear that arises from the wall of the tympanum and is inserted into the neck of the stapes by a tendon that sometimes contains a slender spine of bone; it is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body, serving to stabilize the stapes to check and dampen its vibration.


tensor tympani

en-noun

tensor tympani (plural tensores tympanorum)

Borrowed from New Latin tensor tympanī (“tensor of the tympanum”).

bor

(anatomy) A small muscle of the middle ear that is located in the bony canal just above the bony part of the Eustachian tube, that arises from the canal containing it, from the cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube, and from the adjacent greater wing of the sphenoid bone, that is inserted by a long tendon into the manubrium of the malleus near its base, and that serves to adjust the tension of the tympanic membrane.


nasalis

Unadapted borrowing from New Latin nāsālis, ellipsis of mūsculus nāsālis (“nasal muscle”). Doublet of nasal.

ellipsis

(anatomy) A small muscle on each side of the nose that constricts the nasal aperture by the action of a triangular transverse portion which draws the lateral part of the aperture upward and a quadrangular alar portion which draws it downward.


depressor septi

en-noun

depressor septi (plural depressores septi)

depressor septi nasi
depressor septi nasi#English

(anatomy) Clipping of depressor septi nasi.


levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (plural levatores labii superioris alarumque nasi)

/lɪˈveɪ.tɚ ˌleɪ.biˌaɪ sʊˌpɪɹ.iˈɔɹ.ɪs əˌliˌkwi ˈneɪˌzaɪ/

Borrowed from New Latin levātor labiī superiōris ālaeque nāsī (“lifter of the upper lip and of the wing of the nose”).

bor

(anatomy) A muscle of the face that arises from the nasal process of the maxilla, that passes downward and laterally, that divides into a part inserting into the alar cartilage and one inserting into the upper lip and that dilates the nostril and elevates the upper lip.

muscolo elevatore del labbro superiore e dell'ala del naso


addictology

(medicine) The practice of treating addictions.


latissimus dorsi

en-noun

latissimus dorsi (plural latissimi dorsi)

From Latin lātissimus (“widest, broadest”) (superlative of lātus (“wide, broad”)) + dorsī (genitive of dorsum (“the back”)).

(anatomy) A large, flat, dorsolateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region.


CTM

CTM (countable and uncountable, plural CTMs)

(medicine) color, temperature, moisture (used to assess skin signs)


PTHC

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTHC or PTC) is radiography of bile ducts via needle puncture.

2005, Judi Lindsley Nath, Using Medical Terminology: A Practical Approach, Wolters Kluwer Health, →ISBN, page 92:

(radiology) percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography


facies Hippocratica

Latin; so called because the effect was described by Hippocrates.

Your child comes into the world with the symptoms of death; the facies Hippocratica forms the character of its physiognomy, and the prognostic of its fate.

1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France:

Carew shifted his position, and once more looked anxiously at the haggard face on the pillow. It bore certain tokens which in his ignorance he fancied were characteristic of the facies hippocratica [...].

1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the "Stranger People's" Country, Nebraska, published 2005, page 191:

Hippocratics prided themselves on their clinical acuity, being quick to pick up telltale symptoms, as with the facies hippocratica, the facial look of the dying: ‘a protrusive nose, hollow eyes, sunken temples, cold ears that are drawn in with the lobes turned outward, the forehead's skin rough and tense like parchment, and the whole face greenish or black or blue-grey or leaden’.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 59:

(medicine) The pallid or shrunken face of someone about to die.


cholerine

(pathology) Minor diarrhea that happens during outbreaks of cholera.


polycentrism

polycentrism (usually uncountable, plural polycentrisms)

(genetics) (of a chromosomes, etc) the existence of multiple central parts


zalcitabine

zalcitabine (countable and uncountable, plural zalcitabines)

From [Term?] + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

af

Patients received 600 mg/day of ritonavir (Abbott Laboratories) for 14 days, after which were added 600 mg/day of zidovudine (Retrovir, Glaxo-Wellcome) and 6 mg/day of zalcitabine (Hivid, Roche) with treatment maintenance for 12 months.

1997 July 4, B. Autran et al., “Positive Effects of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy on CD4 T Cell Homeostasis and Function in Advanced HIV Disease”, in Science, volume 277, number 5322, →DOI, pages 112–116:

reverse transcriptase
reverse transcriptase

(pharmacology) A drug C₉H₁₃N₃O₃ which inhibits the replication of HIV and is formerly used in the treatment of AIDS, especially in combination with zidovudine. It is a synthetic analog of a pyrimidine nucleoside, acting as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor.


glandiform

en-adj

glandiform (comparative more glandiform, superlative most glandiform)

more glandiform (comparative)
most glandiform (superlative)

(anatomy) Shaped like, resembling, or characteristic of glands.


anxiogenic

anxiogenic (comparative more anxiogenic, superlative most anxiogenic)

more anxiogenic (comparative)
most anxiogenic (superlative)

A CRF antagonist, -helical CRF(9-41), can also attenuate the anxiogenic behavioral effects of HU-210.

1997 June 27, “Activation of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Limbic System During Cannabinoid Withdrawal”, in Science, volume 276, number 5321, pages 2050–2054:

Increases in dopamine efflux in the NAS cannot simply be seen as equivalent to drug reward, because aversive stimuli, such as foot shock, and anxiogenic drugs, such as FG 7142 and beta-CCE (which are not self-administered), have exactly the same neurochemical effect (3 ).

1997 August 8, Lester Grinspoon et al., “Marijuana Addiction”, in Science, volume 277, number 5327, pages 749–753:

Central injection of substance P or related peptide agonists induces conditioned place aversion and produces an anxiogenic profile on the elevated plus maze, implying that activation of central substance P pathways is aversive (5 ).

1998 September 11, Mark S. Kramer et al., “Distinct Mechanism for Antidepressant Activity by Blockade of Central Substance P Receptors”, in Science, volume 281, number 5383, pages 1640–1645:

Thus, self-directed behavior increases after anxiogenic drug treatment but decreases after anxiolytic drug treatment (29 ).

2000 July 28, Frans B. M. de Waal, “Primates--A Natural Heritage of Conflict Resolution”, in Science, volume 289, issue 5479, 586-590

This piece will perform a micro-excavation of these toplayers of the literary soil to suggest anxiogenic literature has the potential not only to adumbrate the post-apocalypse, a common theme in contemporary literature, but also to anticipate the post-Anthropocene.

2020, Kristen Figgins, “The Integrity of Nature”, in Jonathan Elmore, editor, Fiction and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN:

(pharmacology) Causing anxiety, or pertaining to the causing of anxiety.


glandule

Borrowed from Latin glandula, from glans + -ulus.

(anatomy) A small gland or secreting vessel.


thyreostatic

(medicine) That reduces (or stabilizes) the production of thyroid hormones, such as methimazole, carbimazole, or propylthiouracil.


thyrostatic

thyrostatic (comparative more thyrostatic, superlative most thyrostatic)

more thyrostatic (comparative)
most thyrostatic (superlative)

(medicine) That reduces (or stabilizes) the production of thyroid hormones, such as methimazole, carbimazole, or propylthiouracil


topometry

(chiefly medicine) Any of various imaging or surveying techniques in which the three-dimensional positions of an array of points is recorded.


translocus

(genetics) Describing organisms created via the transfer of a chain locus


nonvertex

(anatomy, chiefly obstetrics) Not of or pertaining to the vertex.


pubococcygeus

(anatomy) A hammocklike muscle, found in both sexes, that stretches from the pubic bone to the coccyx; it controls urine flow and contracts during orgasm.


es-

S configuration
w:absolute configuration

(pharmacology) Used to form names of drugs with a chiral center in the S configuration.


An R with a cross-stroke indicating an abbreviation (of recipe, response, retrograde etc). In the case of a prescription, abbreviating Latin recipe (“take this”, second-person singular imperative of recipiō); it is sometimes typeset as, or even interpreted as, a digraph Rx. Compare also Dx (“diagnose, diagnosis”) and Hx (“history”).

der

second-person singular imperative of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">recipiō</i>

(medicine, pharmacy, Canada, US, Philippines) Prescription.

BOlvs in Engliſh is called a morſell. It is a medicine laxatiue, in forme & faſhion it is meanely whole, & it is ſwallowed by litle gobbets. […] ℞. medulla caſiæ fiſtulæ newly drawen. ℥. j. or ʒ. x. the graines (that is the kernelles) of barbaries. ℈. ß. and with ſugar roſet [sugar compounded with rose petals] make a bole.

1583, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Making Bolus”, in The Methode of Phisicke, Conteyning the Causes, Signes, and Cures of Inward Diseases in Mans Body from the Head to the Foote. […], London: […] Thomas Vautroullier […], →OCLC, book VI, page 288:

(medicine, pharmacy) Take (used to begin a list of ingredients of a compound).


colp

(medicine, colloquial) Short for colposcopy.


nidal

(rare, physiology) Of the uterus, exhibiting thickening before implantation of an ovum.


throw in the bark

en-verb

throw in the bark (third-person singular simple present throws in the bark, present participle throwing in the bark, simple past threw in the bark, past participle thrown in the bark)

throws in the bark (present singular third-person)
throwing in the bark (participle present)
threw in the bark (past)
thrown in the bark (participle past)

From the fact that the bark of the cinchona tree is used to make the medicine quinine.

The physician dined that day at Mr Allworthy's; and having after dinner visited his patient, he returned to the company, and told them, that he had now the satisfaction to say, with assurance, that his patient was out of all danger: that he had brought his fever to a perfect intermission, and doubted not by throwing in the bark to prevent its return.

1749, Henry Fielding, chapter IX, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book V:

In intermitting fevers of an obſtinate nature, I have found it necessary to throw in the bark much faſter.

1790, William Buchan, Domestic medicine: or, A treatise on the prevention and cure of diseases, 11th edition, page 151:

An emetic was prescribed, a perspiration broke out, and I now, with an air of confidence, began to throw in the bark, quite sanguine in my expectations of soon checking this formidable disease.

1864 (Nov 5), E. Hare, "The treatment of malarious fever", The Medical Times and Gazette, Volume 2, page 487

(obsolete, medicine) To administer quinine.


hemostasis

en-noun

hemostasis (usually uncountable, plural hemostases)

From hemo- + stasis. From Ancient Greek αἱμόστασις (haimóstasis, “styptic drug”).

uder

A complete hemostasis is achieved with a minimal risk of injury to the trachea when using level 3 with the blunt side of the active blade.

2005, W. Feil, Ultrasonic energy for cutting, coagulating, and dissecting, page 158:

(medicine, countable, uncountable) The process of keeping blood inside a damaged vessel to stop bleeding.


tono-

From Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “strain, tension, pitch”), from τείνω (teínō, “I stretch”).

der

tonography, myotonometer, hypotonia

(medicine) Tonus: muscle tone, or tension in an organ.


nucleoskeleton

(cytology) The framework of the cell nucleus, supporting DNA replication, transcription, chromatin remodeling, signaling, and mRNA synthesis, processing and transport.


nucleo-

Formed from nucleus, from Latin nucleus (“kernel, core”), a diminutive of nux (“nut”).

(biochemistry, cytology) Forming words pertaining to the cell nucleus or to nucleic acid.


sulfadimethoxine

(pharmacology) A sulfonamide antibacterial derivative of sulfadiazine


pinheaded

en-adj

pinheaded (comparative more pinheaded, superlative most pinheaded)

more pinheaded (comparative)
most pinheaded (superlative)

(slang, medicine) Having a head that is unusually tapered or small.


pinheadedness

(informal, medicine) Having a head that is unusually tapered or small.


PCA

patient-controlled analgesia
w:patient-controlled analgesia

(medicine) Abbreviation of patient-controlled analgesia; palliator.

posterior cerebral artery
posterior cerebral artery#English

(anatomy) Initialism of posterior cerebral artery.


premorbid

(medicine, psychiatry) Approaching a morbid condition, especially of mental functioning shortly prior to the onset of schizophrenia, etc.

premorbide

approaching a morbid condition prior to the onset of disease


NNH

number needed to harm
number needed to harm#English

(epidemiology) Initialism of number needed to harm.


medroxyprogesterone

/mɛˌdɹɒk.sɪ.pɹəˈd͡ʒɛ.stə.ɹəʊn/

(pharmacology) A synthetic progesterone C₂₂H₃₂O₃ that is administered by injection as a long-acting contraceptive or is taken orally especially to treat amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding and in conjunction with estrogen to relieve the symptoms of menopause and prevent osteoporosis.


intra-allelic

intra-allelic (comparative more intra-allelic, superlative most intra-allelic)

more intra-allelic (comparative)
most intra-allelic (superlative)

(genetics) Such that one allele affects the expression of another allele in the same gene locus.


aftosa

foot-and-mouth disease
foot-and-mouth disease

(veterinary medicine) foot-and-mouth disease


hyperuricemic

(pathology) Affected by, or pertaining to, hyperuricemia


electropulsation

(medicine) The application of this technique to aid drug delivery


caseose

caseose (comparative more caseose, superlative most caseose)

more caseose (comparative)
most caseose (superlative)


idiotype

PD mice also lacked serum Ig of 3-83 specificity (3-83 idiotype).

2000 March 31, Valerie Kouskoff et al., “T Cell-Independent Rescue of B Lymphocytes from Peripheral Immune Tolerance”, in Science, volume 287, number 5462, →DOI, pages 2501–2503:

[…] we stained µ i/ i/ B cells and controls with the Ac146, an antibody that recognizes the idiotype produced by the V B1-8 DJ H - V 3-83 J replacement combination (19 ).

1997 October 10, Fotini Papavasiliou et al., “V(D)J Recombination in Mature B Cells: A Mechanism for Altering Antibody Responses”, in Science, volume 278, number 5336, →DOI, pages 298–301:

(immunology) A characteristic shared by a group of immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor molecules, based on the antigen-binding specificity of their variable region; and thus, the resultant immunologic phenotype, which can often be specific to a person or to only a small percentage of people.

Idiotyp

characteristic shared by a group of immunoglobulin or T cell receptor molecules


half-blooded

(genetics) Having only one parent in common.

(genetics) Having parents of differing ethnicities.


neuroinvasion

en-noun

neuroinvasion (countable and uncountable, plural neuroinvasions)

Also, neuroinvasion by SIV coincides with an increase in the number of perivascular macrophages […].

2000 January 28, Suzanne Gartner, “HIV Infection and Dementia”, in Science, volume 287, number 5453, →DOI, pages 602–604:

(medicine) Invasion of the brain, especially by an infection


leprose

en-adj

leprose (comparative more leprose, superlative most leprose)

more leprose (comparative)
most leprose (superlative)

From New Latin leprōsus in botany especially as used by Linnaeus in his 1753 Species Plantarum and Late Latin leprōsus in medicine, from lepra (“psoriasis, leprosy”) + -ōsus, from Koine Greek λέπρᾱ (léprā, “psoriasis & similar skin diseases”), from Ancient Greek λεπρός (leprós, “scaly”), from either λεπίς (lepís, “scale”) or λέπος (lépos, “husk, scale”) + -ρος (-ros, “forming adjective”).

der

(medicine) Synonym of leprous, afflicted with leprosy.


sialorrhea

(medicine) Drooling; the flow of excess saliva from the mouth


papulose

en-adj

papulose (comparative more papulose, superlative most papulose)

more papulose (comparative)
most papulose (superlative)

(anatomy, botany) Having papulae; papillose


mitogenomic

(genetics) Of or pertaining to a mitogenome


intraocularly

(ophthalmology) Inside or within the eye.


sclerose

en-verb

sclerose (third-person singular simple present scleroses, present participle sclerosing, simple past and past participle sclerosed)

scleroses (present singular third-person)
sclerosing (participle present)
sclerosed (participle past)
sclerosed (past)

Back-formation from sclerosed (adj), which was back-formed from sclerosis. Compare also diagnose (verb).

(intransitive, pathology) To undergo sclerosis.


anoxaemia

en-noun

anoxaemia (usually uncountable, plural anoxaemias)

From an- (“lacking”) + oxy- (“oxygen”) + -aemia (“blood”).

con

Coordinate term: hyperoxemia

Anoxaemia [... is] a term introduced by Jourdanet to indicate the diminished quantity of oxygen contained in the blood of those living at high altitudes, where the tension of the oxygen in the surrounding air is considerably decreased.

1881, Henry Power, Leonard W. Sedgwick, New Sydenham Society's Lexicon of Medicine and the Allied Sciences (Based on Maye's Lexicon), volume I:

(medicine) Critical lack of oxygen in blood; severe hypoxaemia.


lymphadenoma

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting New Latin combining forms, from lymph- + adeno + -oma = lymph- + adenoma.

Coordinate term: lymphadenocarcinoma

(biology, medicine, modern sense) A benign tumor (neoplasm) of lymphatic tissue.

(biology, medicine, archaic) Any hyperplastic or neoplastic mass of lymphatic tissue.

(biology, medicine, archaic) Any pseudoleukaemia, especially Hodgkin's disease.

(biology, medicine, archaic) Any malignant lymphatic tumor, including lymphosarcoma or lymphadenocarcinoma.


tentorium

en-noun

tentorium (plural tentoria or tentoriums)

Early 19th century: from Latin tentorium, literally ‘tent’.

Four dogs with intact tentoriums survived 6 weeks and 8 with sectioned tentoriums survived the same period of time.

1961, Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry, page 345:

(anatomy) The tentorium cerebelli, an extension of the dura mater that separates the cerebellum from the inferior portion of the occipital lobes.


utricle

Borrowed from French utricule or Latin ūtriculus (“a small skin or leathern bottle”), diminutive of ūter (“a bag or bottle made of an animal's hide”). Doublet of utriculus.

bor

(biology) A small cell, sac, or bladder-like protuberance in an animal or plant:

(anatomy) The larger of the two fluid-filled cavities forming part of the membranous labyrinth in the vertebrate inner ear (the other being the saccule) and into which the semicircular canals open. It contains hair cells and otoliths which send signals to the brain concerning the orientation of the head.

prostatic utricle
prostatic utricle#English

(anatomy) Clipping of prostatic utricle.


gubernaculum

From Latin gubernāculum (“a helm, rudder”).

A part or structure that serves as a guide:

(embryology) Either of a pair of folds of peritoneum which connects the caudal end of the fetal testis with the bottom of the scrotum in a male fetus, and by failing to elongate in proportion to the rest of the fetus causes the descent of the testis into the scrotum; or an analogous cord of connective tissue attached to the ovary in a female fetus, which is the precursor of the round and ovarian ligaments.

(dentistry) (more fully gubernaculum dentis) A cord or sheath of connective tissue that connects the sac of an unerupted permanent tooth with the surface of the gum.


ipsilaterally

Dorsal columns carry mechanoreceptor information ipsilaterally.

(anatomy, medicine) On the same side of the body.


alexithymic

en-adj

alexithymic (comparative more alexithymic, superlative most alexithymic)

more alexithymic (comparative)
most alexithymic (superlative)

/əˌlɛksɪˈθaɪmɪk/

From a- + Ancient Greek λέξις (léxis, “speech”) + θυμός (thumós, “soul”) + -ic.

‘Horst is such a pushover. The big alexithymic lug.’

2013, Thomas Pynchon, Bleeding Edge, Vintage, published 2014, page 25:

(psychiatry, psychology) Pertaining to or having alexithymia.


derepress

en-verb

derepress (third-person singular simple present derepresses, present participle derepressing, simple past and past participle derepressed)

derepresses (present singular third-person)
derepressing (participle present)
derepressed (participle past)
derepressed (past)

(genetics) To activate a gene by the removal of a repressor

(psychiatry) To cease to repress (a belief, memory, etc.).


mixmer

(genetics) An oligomer consisting of alternating short stretches of LNA and DNA.


oncomir

(genetics, medicine) A form of microRNA involved in a cancer.


virginiamycin

From translingual virginiae + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic, used in agriculture and in the fuel ethanol industry to prevent microbial contamination.


resolvent

From Latin resolvens, present participle of resolvere: compare French résolvant. See resolve.

astringent resolvents

1828, John Read, An appeal to the medical profession:

(medicine) That which has power to disperse inflammatory or other tumours; a discutient; anything which aids the absorption of effused products.


lissencephaly

From Ancient Greek λισσός (lissós, “smooth”) + encephal- (“brain”) + -y, from Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) + κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”).

lissencefàlia

disorder characterized by the lack of folds and grooves of the brain

(anatomy, neurology) The condition of having a smooth appearance on the surface of the brain.

developmental disability
developmental disability

(medicine) An abnormality of brain development marked by the presence of a smooth cerebral cortex with few or no convolutions; frequently associated with severe developmental disability.


luting

en-noun

luting (countable and uncountable, plural lutings)

(dentistry) The process of cementing or bonding dental restorations, such as crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, and veneers, to the natural tooth structure or dental implant abutments.


asplenia

(biology, medicine) Absence of normal function of the spleen, from any cause:

(biology, medicine) Anatomical absence of the spleen (after splenectomy or congenitally).

(biology, medicine) Physiological absence of splenic function; either substantial or total splenic dysfunction; splenic nonfunction.


ERV

ERV (countable and uncountable, plural ERVs)

Sequences derived from ERVs [...] appear to be heavily involved in gene regulatory networks.

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, page 147:

endogenous retrovirus
endogenous retrovirus#English

(countable, virology, biology, genetics) Initialism of endogenous retrovirus.


massive palindrome

massive palindrome (plural massive palindromes)

(genetics) Any of several very long palindromic stretches of DNA, especially those on the human Y-chromosome.


chorioretinal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the choroid and the retina


cineradiography

(medicine) cinematography of working internal organs, normally using X-rays


craniocaudal

(anatomy) From the cranial to the caudal end of a structure.


defecography

(medicine) radiography of the defecation process


rectoanal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the rectum and anus.


intrarectal

intrarectal inoculation

There is an appropriate increase in intrarectal pressure.


dysgenetic

en-adj

dysgenetic (comparative more dysgenetic, superlative most dysgenetic)

more dysgenetic (comparative)
most dysgenetic (superlative)

(genetics) Of, pertaining to, or causing dysgenesis.


oculodentodigital

(pathology) Affecting the eyes, teeth, and fingers.


probeset

(genetics) A collection of two or more probes that are designed to measure a single molecular species.


fastigium

[W]e find that the duration and succession of the febrile phenomena constitute five principal groups. […] 2. Fevers which are essentially continuous in their course (continued fevers), which exhibit but slight daily differences of temperature during their fastigium or acme, and defervesce rapidly (by crisis).

1871, C[arl Reinhold] A[ugust] Wunderlich, “Fundamental Principles”, in W. Bathurst Woodman, transl., On the Temperature in Diseases: A Manual of Medical Thermometry. … Translated from the Second German Edition (New Sydenham Society Publications; XLIX), London: The New Sydenham Society, →OCLC, § 32, page 14:

(pathology) The most intense phase of a disease, especially a fever.


oculorenal

(pathology) Pertaining to the eyes and kidneys.


heterotopia

en-noun

heterotopia (countable and uncountable, plural heterotopias)

/ˌhɛt(ə)ɹəˈtəʊpiə/

/ˌhɛtəɹəˈtoʊpiə/

(pathology) Normal tissue (or an organ) present at an abnormal part of the body


meningoencephalocele

(pathology) A protrusion of the meninges and the brain through a defect in the cranium.


oleamen

From Latin oleum (“olive oil”), probably via *oleamen (-men is an alternative neuter suffix).

(medicine, obsolete) A soft ointment prepared from oil.


myelomeningocele

myelomeningocele (countable and uncountable, plural myelomeningoceles)

(pathology) A form of spina bifida characterized by protrusion of the spinal meninges.


oculomotor

From oculo- (“relating to the eye”) + motor.

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to movement of the eyeball.

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the oculomotor nerve.


proctography

(medicine) diagnostic imaging of the colon, rectum and anus


puborectal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the pubis and the rectum


hemarthrosis

hemarthrosis (countable and uncountable, plural hemarthroses)


rectocele

(pathology) A hernia of the rectum into the vagina.


rectogenital

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the rectum and the genitals.


sigmoidocele

(pathology) A hernia of the sigmoid colon.


supratentorial

(anatomy) Above the tentorium of the brain.

(medicine, slang, euphemistic, derogatory) All in the patient's head; psychogenic.


tractography

tractography (countable and uncountable, plural tractographies)


heterotolerance

(immunology) Subsequent unresponsiveness to a different agonist


homotolerance

(immunology) Subsequent unresponsiveness to the same agonist.


hyporesponsive

en-adj

hyporesponsive (comparative more hyporesponsive, superlative most hyporesponsive)

more hyporesponsive (comparative)
most hyporesponsive (superlative)

(immunology) Less than usually responsive


tolerizeable

tolerizeable (comparative more tolerizeable, superlative most tolerizeable)

more tolerizeable (comparative)
most tolerizeable (superlative)


esophoria

en-noun

esophoria (countable and uncountable, plural esophorias)

(ophthalmology) Inward deviation of the eye usually due to extra-ocular muscle imbalance.

esoforie

inward deviation of the eye usually due to extra-ocular muscle imbalance


deliquium

Borrowed from Latin deliquium, from Latin delinquere (“to lack, to fail”).

If he be locked in a close room, he is afraid of being stifled for want of air, and still carries biscuit, aquavitæ, or some strong waters about him, for fear of deliquiums, or being sick […]

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, page 387:

(pathology) An abrupt loss of consciousness usually caused by an insufficient blood flow to the brain; fainting.


perirenal

Near-synonym: adrenal


scintigraphy

scintigraphy (usually uncountable, plural scintigraphies)

(medicine) A radiographic technique, using radioactive tracers, for the diagnosis of injuries to bones

scintigrafie

a radiographic technique using radioactive tracers


bacmid

(cytology) A shuttle vector that can be propagated in both E. coli and insect cells.


culdocentesis

culdocentesis (countable and uncountable, plural culdocenteses)

Coordinate term: colpotomy

(medicine) A diagnostic procedure in which fluid from the rectouterine pouch is extracted, via the vagina, using a needle.


conoid

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-conoid.wav


orofacial

(anatomy) Of or affecting both the mouth and face.


glene

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γλήνη (glḗnē, “eyeball, socket”)

lbor

(anatomy, obsolete) The pupil or eyeball.


tobacco mosaic

As is the case with tobacco mosaic, the disease has been successfully transmitted by inoculating healthy plants with juice pressed out of diseased plants.

1920, Journal of agricultural research, volume 19, page 131:

(phytopathology) A disease of tobacco plants, characterized by mottled leaves, caused by this virus.


pill in the pocket

en-noun

pill in the pocket (plural pills in the pocket)

(idiomatic, medicine) A medication, usually prescribed by a physician, which the patient is to carry with him or her, and which is to be used only under certain conditions.


shuttle vector

(cytology) A vector constructed, usually with selectable markers and tags, so that it can propagate in two different host species.


uniarticular

(anatomy) Describing a muscle that controls the movement of a single joint


collinearity

collinearity (countable and uncountable, plural collinearities)

(countable, genetics) The relationship between the linear sequence of codons in DNA and that of amino acids in the protein so coded


GDA

gastroduodenal artery
gastroduodenal artery#English

(anatomy) Initialism of gastroduodenal artery.


plus-minus method

(genetics) A particular method of DNA sequencing, including first lengthening the DNA by means of DNA polymerase.


isoxazolyl

(medicine) Used attributively to describe a class of semisynthetic penicillins that contain an isoxazole group


achaete

(genetics) A proneural gene, often associated with scute, that is required for the formation of many larval and adult sense organs


antimetastatic

en-adj

antimetastatic (comparative more antimetastatic, superlative most antimetastatic)

more antimetastatic (comparative)
most antimetastatic (superlative)


antithrombotic

antithrombotic (comparative more antithrombotic, superlative most antithrombotic)

more antithrombotic (comparative)
most antithrombotic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That inhibits the formation of thrombi


antithrombotic

(pharmacology) Any drug having this property


astrocytosis

(pathology) An abnormal increase in the number of astrocytes due to the destruction of nearby neurons


astrogliosis

en-noun

astrogliosis (countable and uncountable, plural astroglioses)

While astrogliosis provides protection against inflammation, it is also obstructive in the progress of neuranagenesis after CNS insults.

2012, Issues in Neurology Research and Practice, →ISBN, page 1374:

(pathology) An abnormal increase in the number of astrocytes due to the destruction of nearby neurons.