myalgia

myalgia (countable and uncountable, plural myalgias)

Southern physicians were prone to calling all fevers, malaises, myalgias, and headaches "malaria" and to treating them with quinine.

2001, Margaret Humphreys, Malaria: Poverty, Race, and Public Health in the United States:

(medicine, pathology) Muscular pain or tenderness.


blood poisoning

en-noun

blood poisoning (countable and uncountable, plural blood poisonings)

(pathology) The presence in the bloodstream of microorganisms or their toxins in a sufficient quantity to cause serious illness; sepsis or septicemia.

qan zəhərlənməsi

presence of micro-organisms in bloodstream


BD

BD (countable and uncountable, plural BDs)

Behçet's disease
Behçet's disease#English

(pathology) Initialism of Behçet's disease.

bipolar disorder
bipolar disorder#English

(pathology) Initialism of bipolar disorder.

(pathology) Initialism of Bowen's disease.


CBD

CBD (countable and uncountable, plural CBDs or CBD's)

common bile duct
common bile duct#English

(anatomy) Initialism of common bile duct.

corticobasal degeneration
w:corticobasal degeneration

(pathology) Initialism of corticobasal degeneration.


tangentiality

tangentiality (usually uncountable, plural tangentialities)

(medicine) A mental condition in which one tends to digress from the topic under discussion, especially by word association.


CCA

CCA (countable and uncountable, plural CCAs)

common carotid artery
common carotid artery#English

(anatomy) Initialism of common carotid artery.


electroencephalogram

/əˌlɛktɹoʊ.ənˈsɛfələˌɡɹæm/

/əˌlɛktɹoʊ.ɛnˈsɛfloʊˌɡɹæm/

(neurology) A recording of electrical brain activity (brain waves) made by an electroencephalograph.

腦電圖 /脑电图

a recording of electrical brain activity made by an electroencephalograph


electroencephalograph

/əˌlɛktɹoʊ.ənˈsɛfələˌɡɹæf/

/əˌlɛktɹoʊ.ɛnˈsɛfloʊˌɡɹæf/

(neurology) An instrument used for recording electrical brain activity.

ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογράφος

an instrument used for recording of electrical brain activity


beta wave

Doctor Chakwas: Physically, you're fine. But I detected some unusual brain activity, abnormal beta waves.
Doctor Chakwas: I also noticed an increase in your rapid eye movement, signs typically associated with intense dreaming.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Med Bay, SSV Normandy (Prologue: Find the Beacon):

(neurology) An electrical signal produced by the brain while the subject mentally active.


pericardial

(cardiology) Of, or relating to the pericardium.


pyloric

(medicine) Of or relating to the pylorus.


salmonellosis

salmonellosis (countable and uncountable, plural salmonelloses)

(pathology) Any of several diseases caused by infection with Salmonella bacteria


food poisoning

food poisoning (usually uncountable, plural food poisonings)

(pathology, bacteriology) Any food-borne disease, such as salmonella, that typically causes diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, fever and abdominal cramps.


vaginal

/vəˈd͡ʒʌɪ.nəl/

Borrowing from New Latin vāgīnālis, from vāgīna (“a covering, sheath; the vagina”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix); equivalent to vagina + -al.

af

(anatomy, relational) Of or relating to a theca.


liposuction

en-noun

liposuction (countable and uncountable, plural liposuctions)

Wasn't my Mom a betty? She died when I was just a baby. A fluke accident during a routine liposuction. I don't remember her, but I like to pretend she still watches over me.

1995, Amy Heckerling, Clueless, spoken by Cher (Alicia Silverstone):

(medicine) A cosmetic surgery procedure in which excess fat is removed from a specific area by suction.

抽脂

cosmetic surgery procedure in which bodily fat is removed by suction


liposuction

en-verb

liposuction (third-person singular simple present liposuctions, present participle liposuctioning, simple past and past participle liposuctioned)

liposuctions (present singular third-person)
liposuctioning (participle present)
liposuctioned (participle past)
liposuctioned (past)

When Randi Wright got a Brazilian butt lift in 2020 — a complex surgery in which fat is liposuctioned from the abdomen or lower back or other fleshy parts and used to enlarge and shape the buttocks — she knew she couldn’t afford the most expensive post-op care.

2022 May 11, Sandra E. Garcia, “Butt Lifts Are Booming. Healing Is No Joke.”, in The New York Times Magazine:


vaso-

(medicine, pathology) Pertaining to blood vessels or the vascular system.

vaso-

pertaining to blood vessels or the vascular system


dissection

en-noun

dissection (countable and uncountable, plural dissections)

neck dissection

lymph node dissection


fistulogram

(medicine) An X-ray taken of a fistula after a contrast medium has been injected.


symptomatic

en-adj

symptomatic (comparative more symptomatic, superlative most symptomatic)

more symptomatic (comparative)
most symptomatic (superlative)

Borrowed from French symptomatique, from New Latin symptomaticus, from Ancient Greek συμπτωματικός (sumptōmatikós, “of or pertaining to a chance (or a symptom), casual”), from σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a symptom”). By surface analysis, symptom + -atic.

der

συμπτωματικός

It is important to observe symptomatic cats out of the carrier, on the floor in a safe, escape-proof room. Swelling, heat, and pain in one or more joints can explain many signs, including lameness, malaise, and fever.

2009, Stephen J. Ettinger, Edward C. Feldman, Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, page 9:

Coordinate term: disease-modifying

(medicine) Of a treatment, that only affects the symptoms of a disease without targeting the underlying cause.

συμπτωματικός

(medicine) of a treatment, that only affects the symptoms of a disease


arthroscope

(medicine) A form of endoscope used in arthroscopy


bioscopy

en-noun

bioscopy (usually uncountable, plural bioscopies)

(medicine) the examination of a body to determine if it is alive or dead


fluoroscopy

fluoroscopy (countable and uncountable, plural fluoroscopies)

(medicine) Examination using a fluoroscope.


laparoscopy

From laparo- (“flank”) + -scopy, after German Laparoskopie.

(medicine) Examination of the loins or abdomen, now specifically examination or surgery on the peritoneal cavity using a laparoscope.


retinoscopy

retinoscopy (countable and uncountable, plural retinoscopies)

(medicine) Analysis of the refractive properties of the eye using a retinoscope; skiascopy.


rhinoscopy

rhinoscopy (countable and uncountable, plural rhinoscopies)

(medicine) examination of the nasal passages using an endoscope or speculum; nasal endoscopy


tracheoscopy

tracheoscopy (countable and uncountable, plural tracheoscopies)

(medicine) examination of the interior of the trachea using a tracheoscope


otology

otology (usually uncountable, plural otologies)

(medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the ear, its structure, function and pathology.

otologia

the branch of medicine that deals with the ear


roseola

roseola (countable and uncountable, plural roseolas or roseolae)

/ɹə(ʊ)ˈziːələ/

/ˌɹəʊzɪˈəʊlə/

From New Latin roseola, from diminutive of Latin rosa (“a rose”).

(pathology) A rosy rash occurring in measles, typhoid fever, syphilis and some other diseases.

(pathology) The common name for roseola infantum.


hybrid disgenesis

(genetics) a phenomenon in which high transposon mobility causes reduced fertility in hybrid progeny


thrill

From Old English þȳrlian (“to pierce”), derived from þȳrel (“hole”) (archaic English thirl). Doublet of thirl (verb).

(medicine) A slight quivering of the heart that accompanies a cardiac murmur.


intercostal

(anatomy) Between the ribs of an animal or person.

وَرْبِيَّة

anatomy: between the ribs of an animal or person


intercostal

(anatomy) Something that is between the ribs of an animal.


muscular dystrophy

muscular dystrophy (countable and uncountable, plural muscular dystrophies)

(pathology) A group of genetic diseases which cause progressive skeletal muscle weakness, defects in muscle proteins, and the death of muscle cells and tissue.


cardiac muscle

cardiac muscle (countable and uncountable, plural cardiac muscles)

(anatomy, cardiology) The striated and involuntary muscle of the vertebrate heart.


skeletal muscle

skeletal muscle (countable and uncountable, plural skeletal muscles)

(anatomy) The voluntary muscle of vertebrates, which is striated and anchored by tendons to bone and is used to effect skeletal movement such as locomotion.


smooth muscle

smooth muscle (countable and uncountable, plural smooth muscles)

(anatomy) Involuntary muscle which is found within the intestines, throat, uterus, and blood vessel walls.


voluntary muscle

voluntary muscle (plural voluntary muscles)

(anatomy) Muscle that is normally controlled by individual volition; skeletal muscle.


involuntary muscle

involuntary muscle (countable and uncountable, plural involuntary muscles)

(anatomy) A muscle that is not controlled by individual volition, e.g., cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.


crypto

crypto (countable and uncountable, plural cryptos)

All senses trace back to clippings of words derived from the prefix crypto-, developed at various times in the 20th and 21st centuries. During the 2010s and 2020s, the "cryptocurrency" sense has become the dominant sense. The "cryptography" sense predates that one; thus, a computer or math geek in earlier decades would be referring to cryptography when using this word. The "secret supporter or follower" sense is clipped from such terms as cryptofascist and cryptocommunist. The several informal senses in medicine referring to several microbe genera or the diseases they cause have existed since circa the mid-20th century.

(informal, medicine) Clipping of cryptococcus.

(informal, medicine) Clipping of cryptococcosis.

(informal, medicine) Clipping of cryptosporidium.

With immune system damage come the infections associated with AIDS: PCP, MAC, toxoplasmosis, crypto, meningitis, thrush, lymphomas, CM, fungal infections, and many others.

1996 September, Michael Immel, “The Changing Story of a Virus”, in Gay Community News, page 7:

(informal, pathology) Clipping of cryptosporidiosis.


dilate

en-verb

dilate (third-person singular simple present dilates, present participle dilating, simple past and past participle dilated)

dilates (present singular third-person)
dilating (participle present)
dilated (participle past)
dilated (past)

From Middle English dilaten, from Old French dilater, from Latin dīlātō (“I spread out”), from di- (variant of dis-) + lātus (“wide”).

An experimenter in New York has recently advocated what he is pleased to call temporary forcible dilatation of the trachea in the treatment of membranous croup, his idea being to introduce into the trachea a dilator and to forcibly dilate, every few hours if need be, and he reports favorable results.

1896, The Chicago Medical Recorder, page 62:

In very tight and obstinate stricture I sometimes dilate every day, but as soon as it has been stretched up to 23 or 24, I dilate every other day, or at greater intervals, keeping the instrument in place several minutes.

1911, Abraham Leo Wolbarst, Gonorrhea in the Male: A Practical Guide to Its Treatment, page 148:

He gave her some of the dilators he used to dilate her vagina shortly after the surgery and encouraged her to do it frequently.

2010, Kehinde Adeola Ayeni, Feasts of Phantoms, Fisher King Press, →ISBN, page 148:

It is important to realize that a number of these women do not want to have their vaginismus treated but only to achieve pregnancy. […] The use of hard plastic rods with increasing diameters, a sort of pseudopenis, can be useful, provided it is explained to the woman that these rods are not used to dilate her vagina but are a means of training the relaxation of her pelvic muscles and of getting these muscles under control.

2012, Wolf Eicher, Götz Kockott, Sexology, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN:

(medicine, transitive, intransitive) To use a dilator to widen (something, such as a vagina).


spermatheca

en-noun

spermatheca (plural spermathecas or spermathecae)

spermathecas (plural)
spermathecae (plural)

/ˌspɜːməˈθiːkə/

(anatomy) A small sac within the reproductive tract of some female invertebrates, such as insects, which stores sperm until it is used to fertilize the ova.


Hansen's disease

Named after Norwegian physician Gerhard Armauer Hansen (1841–1912), who in 1873 discovered the bacterium causing the disease.

named-after

Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium leprae#Translingual

(pathology) The disease leprosy, caused by infection by Mycobacterium leprae.

漢生病 /汉生病

Hansen's disease (only translations that use the name Hansen somehow) — see also leprosy


Lou Gehrig's disease

Named after New York Yankees baseball player Lou Gehrig (1903–1941), a prominent sufferer of the disease. The disease was known before Gehrig suffered it, but his fame led to his name being associated with it.

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis#English

(pathology, US) Synonym of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis


prostatic utricle

en-noun

prostatic utricle (plural prostatic utricles)

(anatomy) A small pouch in the prostate opening that is homologous to the uterus.


precarious

/pɹɪˈkɛə.ɹɪ.əs/

(dentistry) Relating to incipient caries.


suppository

/səˈpɑzɪˌtɔɹi/

From Middle English suppositorie, from Anglo-Norman, from Medieval Latin suppositorium, from Late Latin, neuter of suppositorius (“placed beneath”), from Latin supponere (“to put under”).

He's smoother than a suppository, only his suppositories contain dynamite.

1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 372:

(medicine) A medicine in the form of a small plug that is inserted into a bodily cavity, especially the rectum, vagina or urethra, where it melts at body temperature.


cell wall

The name of Chlamydomonas is applied to certain microscopic green bodies, each of which consists of a protoplasmic central substance invested by a structureless sac. The latter contains cellulose, as in ordinary plants; and the chlorophyll which gives the green colour enables the Chlamydomonas to decompose carbonic acid and fix carbon, as they do. Two long cilia protrude through the cell-wall, and effect the rapid locomotion of this "monad," which, in all respects except its mobility, is characteristically a plant.

1876, T. H. Huxley, “On the Border Territory between the Animal and the Vegetable Kingdoms”, in Littell's Living Age, vol. 128, no. 1657:

The structural distinctiveness of the cell—in plants especially—is dues in large part to the presence of an outer layer, or coat, the cell wall, which in plants is usually firm, and often hard and thick; in animals, delicate or lacking.

1947, Arthur J. Eames, Laurence H. MacDaniels, An Introduction to Plant Anatomy, 2nd edition:

Terrestrial vascular plants contain considerable quantities of lignin, an amorphous phenylpropanoid structural polymer that binds cell wall components and cell walls together providing structural stability to plants.

1994, Robert A. Blanchette, “Lignin biodegradation in cell walls of woody plants”, in O. Petrini, G. B. Ouellette, editors, Host Wall Alterations by Parasitic Fungi, pages 55–65:

Think of the cell wall as a wicker basket in which a balloon has been inflated so that it exerts pressure from the inside. Such a basket is very rigid and resistant to mechanical damage.

2000, John L. Howland, The Surprising Archaea: Discovering Another Domain of Life, page 70:

(cytology) A thick, fairly rigid, layer formed around individual cells of bacteria, Archaea, fungi, plants, and algae (but not animals and other protists which generally have cell membranes without cell walls). The cell wall is external to the cell membrane and serves a structural function helping the cell maintain its shape and protecting the cell from damage.

selwand

thick layer around cells of plants, fungi, and algae


hemicrania

hemicrania (countable and uncountable, plural hemicranias)

From Late Latin hemicrania (“pain in one half of the head”), from Ancient Greek ἡμικρᾱνίᾰ (hēmikrāníă), from ἡμι- (hēmi-, “hemi-, half”) + κρανίον (kraníon, “skull”) (from whence also cranium).
Cognate to megrim and migraine, which also derive from the Latin.

bor

Gods, gods, why do you punish me? Yes, no doubt it is upon me again, again this terrible, invincible affliction … this hemicrania which grips half the head with pain … without remedy, without escape … I must try not to move my head. …

1993, The Master and Margarita, by Mikhail Bulgakov, translation Burgin and O’Connor, Chapter 2, p. 17

(pathology) A headache affecting one side of the head.

hemicrania

a headache affecting one side of the head


amphicrania

(pathology) A headache affecting both sides of the head.


tragus

Borrowed from Late Latin tragus, from Ancient Greek τράγος (trágos, “he-goat; part of the ear”); with reference to a tuft of hair, likened to a goat’s beard, that may grow on the tragus, especially in older men.

(anatomy) The small piece of thick cartilage on the inner side of the external ear that is immediately in front of and partly closing the ear canal.


ear canal

(anatomy) The tube or meatus running from the outer ear to the eardrum through which sound enters.


outer ear

(anatomy) The outer portion of the ear which includes the auricle/pinna and the ear canal and leads to the eardrum.


middle ear

(anatomy) The cavity in the temporal bone between the eardrum and the inner ear that contains the ossicles, and which conveys sound to the cochlea.


inner ear

(anatomy) The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone which includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea and is responsible for hearing and balance.


eardrum

(anatomy) A thin membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and transmits sound from the air to the malleus.

طَبْلَة اَلْأُذْن

membrane separating outer and middle ears

membrana tympani

which some sources assert to be a TA term; perhaps it was formerly so


earache

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-earache.wav

(medicine) A pain in the middle or inner ear.


otalgia

en-noun

otalgia (countable and uncountable, plural otalgias)


otitis

otitis (countable and uncountable, plural otitides or otitises)


cystitis

cystitis (countable and uncountable, plural cystitides)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cystitis.wav

Partying involves taking the tube home two days late, in a damp silk dress, ravenous, reeking of Moët, sweat and stale Shalimar, a bunch of plastic cocktail twizzlers in your clutch bag, with glitter on your face and extreme dehydration, followed by a 20-hour sleep and three days of cystitis.

2022 August 27, Bidisha Mamata, “Tinder is 10 but after a dip in the dating app pool I’m staying resolutely single”, in The Observer:

(pathology) Inflammation of the urinary bladder.


vaginismus

vaginismus (usually uncountable, plural vaginismuses)

(pathology) A painful muscular contraction of the vagina when attempting to insert something, such as a tampon or a penis, into it.


vaginitis

vaginitis (countable and uncountable, plural vaginitides or vaginitises)

vaginitides (plural)
vaginitises (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-vaginitis.wav


continence

continence (usually uncountable, plural continences)

akrasia

antonym(s) of “moderation or self-restraint”

Dated from the 14th century as Middle English contynence, from Old French continence, from Latin continentia (“a repression”). See also countenance.

To maintain continence, the puborectalis muscle chokes the anal canal. The sling of tissue is supposed to release during defecation. Mine has not been doing that.

2022 October 2, Cara Schacter, “My Year of Stress and Constipation”, in The New York Times:

(urology) The voluntary control of urination and defecation.


CTC

2018—Mursina, Kate (8 February 2018): "Teasing Out Circulating Tumor DNA". ClinicalOMICs.
An ability to etect (sic) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or cell-free cancer DNA (cfDNA) in blood or saliva opens possibilities to suspect cancer even before it is visible on radiological images.

circulating tumor cell
wikipedia:circulating tumor cell

(medicine) Initialism of circulating tumor cell.


hematoma

hematoma (plural hematomas or hematomata)

From hemato- + -oma. Among the many words derived from -oma that are in current common use, this word is one of only a few that do not denote a neoplasm; another is granuloma.

The so-called Danlos or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome consists of three symptoms: (1) pronounced fragility of the skin and its blood vessels, with breaking, splitting and the formation of hematomas and pseudotumors subsequent to the slightest trauma (dermatorrhexis-fragilitas cutis), (2) a more or less pronounced hyperlaxity and hyperelasticity of the skin (dermatochalasis-laxitas cutis) and (3) more or less pronounced hyperlaxity or hyperflexibility of the joints (arthrochalasis-laxitas articularis).

1936 June 7, F Ronchese, “Dermatorrhexis with dermatochalasis and arthrochalasis (the so-called Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)”, in American Journal of Diseases of Children, volume 51, number 6, page 1403:

In 30 years as an expert witness, I have seen total plexus paralysis in three patients after needle angiography with intraaxillary hematoma not followed by surgical repair.

2012, E. Zeitler, Radiology of Peripheral Vascular Diseases, page 191:

(pathology) A swelling of blood, usually clotted, which forms as a result of broken blood vessels.


antitoxic

(immunology) that counteracts a toxin or poison


polypill

preventative medicine
preventative medicine

(pharmacology) Medication that is a combination drug of at least four active ingredients, and that is intended to be consumed widely, even by currently healthy individuals, as a means of preventative medicine.


popliteal

From Late Latin popliteus (from Latin poples (“ham, knee”)) + -al.

On removing a quantity of fat which separates the popliteal nerve from the vein and artery, these will be exposed lying in direct contact, the vein being posterior or superficial to the artery and a little to its outer side at the upper part of the space.

1839, John Steggall, Malcolm William Hilles, A Manual for the College of Surgeons in London, Dublin, and Edinburgh, page 433:

The popliteal entrapment syndrome is a developmental disorder resulting in an anomalous relationship between the popliteal artery and muscle structures in the popliteal fossa.

2006, Gregory J. Landry, edited by Gerald B. Zelenock, Mastery of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 53: Treatment of Nonatherosclerotic Causes of Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease, page 443:

The popliteal artery is exposed through an incision that parallels the anterior border of the sartorius muscle and passes just posterior to the medial condyle.

2009, Carol E. H. Scott-Conner, Operative Anatomy, page 758:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the popliteus (the area behind the knee).


amyl nitrite

(pharmacology) A yellowish volatile synthetic liquid C₅H₁₁NO₂ of commercial amyl alcohol and nitrous acid that is used medicinally as a vasodilator. It is rapidly absorbed by the body on inhalation, and is sometimes used recreationally especially as an aphrodisiac.


Eustachian tube

Eustachian tube (plural Eustachian tubes)

Named after Italian scientist Bartolomeo Eustachi.

named-after

(anatomy) In humans and other land vertebrates, a tube that links the nasopharynx to the cavity of the middle ear to allow the equalization of the pressure on both sides of the eardrum.

yevstax borusu

tube that links the pharynx to the cavity of the middle ear


plasmid

From plasma + -id, coined by American molecular biologist Joshua Lederberg in 1952.

coin

These discussions have left a plethora of terms adrift: pangenes, bioblasts, plasmagenes, plastogenes, chondriogenes, cytogenes and proviruses, which have lost their original utility owing to the accretion of vague or contradictory connotations. At the risk of adding to this list, I propose plasmid as a generic term for any extrachromosomal hereditary determinant.

1952 October 7, J. Lederberg, “Cell genetics and hereditary symbiosis”, in Physiological Reviews, volume 32, number 4, page 403:

This is how the F (for "fertility") plasmid, which forms the basis of a lot of classical E. coli genetics, is transferred from one cell to another.

1995, Christopher Howe, Gene Cloning and Manipulation, page 144:

Bacteria are happy to absorb little rings of DNA called plasmids and adopt them as their own.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 247:

Plasmids have an essential impact on productivity. Related factors are plasmid copy number, structural plasmid stability and segregational plasmid stability.

2004, Karl Friehs, “Plasmid Copy Number and Plasmid Stability”, in M. Beyer, T. Scheper, editors, New Trends and Developments in Biochemical Engineering, volume 86, page 47:

(cytology) A loop of double-stranded DNA that is separate from -and replicates independently of- the chromosomes, most commonly found in bacteria, but also in archaeans and eukaryotic cells, and used in genetic engineering as a vector for gene transfer.

plásmidu

loop of double-stranded DNA that is separate from the chromosomes


pseudogene

(genetics) A segment of DNA that is part of the genome of an organism, and which is similar to a gene but does not code for a gene product.


episome

(cytology) A segment of DNA that can exist and replicate either autonomously in the cytoplasm or as part of a chromosome, mainly found in bacteria.


drip

en-noun

drip (countable and uncountable, plural drips)

From Middle English drippe, from the verb (see above). Compare West Frisian drip (“drip”), Dutch drup (“drip”), Danish dryp (“drip”).
(style, swagger): Compare the verb sense "to have a superabundance of valuable things".

He's not doing so well. The doctors have put him on a drip.

(medicine) An apparatus that slowly releases a liquid, especially one that intravenously releases drugs into a patient's bloodstream.

система

an apparatus that slowly releases a liquid


rhinitis

Near-synonyms: rhinosinusitis; coryza; catarrh

(medicine, finding) Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose.

(medicine, loosely, metonymically, disease entity) cold; common cold.


cardiac

From Middle French cardiaque, from Latin cardiacus, from Ancient Greek καρδιακός (kardiakós, “relating to the heart”), from καρδία (kardía, “heart”); by surface analysis, cardi- + -ac.

der

the cardiac arteries

(biology, medicine) Pertaining to the heart.

(biology, medicine) Pertaining to the cardia of the stomach; cardial (cardial is the usual adjective in this sense).

(medicine, archaic) Exciting action in the heart, through the medium of the stomach; cordial; stimulant.


cardiac

(medicine) A medicine that excites action in the stomach.


cardiac arrest

en-noun

cardiac arrest (countable and uncountable, plural cardiac arrests)

(cardiology, pathology) The sudden and complete cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood.


heart failure

heart failure (countable and uncountable, plural heart failures)

(cardiology, pathology) The chronic inability of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body, leading to a pooling of blood and shortness of breath.

(cardiology, pathology) The cessation of the heartbeat; cardiac arrest.


artificial respiration

artificial respiration (countable and uncountable, plural artificial respirations)

(medicine) The manual or mechanical forcing of air into the lungs of a person who is not breathing in order to maintain life.


apnea

apnea (countable and uncountable, plural apneas)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-apnea.wav

From a- + -pnea, from the New Latin apnoea, from the Ancient Greek ἄπνοια (ápnoia), formed from ἀ- (a-, “absence of”) + πνοή (pnoḗ, “breathing”).

(pathology) The cessation of breathing, most often in reference to transient instances thereof during sleep.


sleep apnea

sleep apnea (countable and uncountable, plural sleep apneas)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleep apnea.wav

(pathology, American spelling) Brief interruptions of breathing during sleep.

apnea del son

brief interruptions of breathing during sleep


common cold

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-common cold.wav

So he went to the hospital and got checked. Doctors determined it was a common cold, not the new coronavirus, he says, and he returned home. Then a week ago, he says, five officers showed up at his house in Xishui County, a two hour drive from Wuhan. They wore masks and wielded blue, gun-shaped thermometers.

2020 January 31, Dake Kang, “The shunned: People from virus-hit city tracked, quarantined”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-02-15:

(pathology) A very common, mild viral infection of the nose and throat, whose symptoms typically include sneezing, sniffling, a running or blocked nose, a sore throat, coughing and a headache.


brucellosis

brucellosis (countable and uncountable, plural brucelloses)

There is debate asto whether rangiferine brucellosis spread to North America across the Bering Sea land bridge duringthelast iceage,orifit was introduced in imported Russian reindeer around 1900.

2006, Robert S. Youngquist, Current Therapy in Large Animal Theriogenology:

The clash between Montana and the National Park Service, among other officials and entities that maintain the sprawling park, stems from state authorities' belief that the park's plan to manage its bison herd doesn't do enough to reduce the risk of brucellosis transmission.

2025 January 3, Jasmine Laws, “Montana Hits Yellowstone With Lawsuit Over Bison Plan”, in Newsweek:

(pathology) Infection by a bacterium of the genus Brucella, which is carried by ruminants and other mammals, with symptoms including recurring fevers, sweating, weakness, anorexia, headaches, depression, and generalized aches and pains.


sigmoid colon

(anatomy) The S-shaped section of the large intestine between the descending colon and the rectum.


anamnesis

anamnesis (countable and uncountable, plural anamneses)

From Ancient Greek ἀνάμνησις (anámnēsis, “remembrance”), verbal noun of ἀναμιμνήσκω (anamimnḗskō), from ἀνα- (ana-) + μιμνῄσκω (mimnḗiskō, “call to mind”).

affix

1898, Francis H. Stuart (translator), Oswald Vierordt, A Clinical Text-book of Medical Diagnosis for Physicians and Students, 4th Edition, [1897, O. Vierordt, Diagnostik der Innerer Krankheiten, 5th Edition], W. B. Saunders, page 19,
But it is always well for the beginner to secure as complete an anamnesis, or prior history, as possible, in order that he may allow nothing of importance to escape his attention.
The anamnesis generally begins with and involves the question as to whether the disease is acute or chronic, what organs are affected or inclined to be diseased.

(medicine) A patient's account of their medical history.


provisional

/pɹəˈvɪʒənəl/

From Middle French provisionnal (compare French provisionnel).

If this was not possible, then alternatives including provisionalizing with a complete denture or a tooth-supported fixed provisional and a staged treatment protocol should have been considered.

2015, Stuart J. Froum, Dental Implant Complications, page 518:


controlled

en-adj

controlled (comparative more controlled, superlative most controlled)

more controlled (comparative)
most controlled (superlative)

government-owned and controlled corporation

A randomized, controlled trial (RCT).

(medicine, sciences, research) Resulting from a comparison with control samples; including a comparison (control) group. (describing clinical trials)


digestive system

en-noun

digestive system (plural digestive systems)

All the food that you eat goes through your digestive system and is digested.

(anatomy) A system of organs for the purpose of digesting food.


medially

laterally

antonym(s) of “near or along the midline”

laterally

antonym(s) of “nearer or toward the midline”

(anatomy) In a medial direction or location; near or along the midline.

(anatomy) In a medial direction or location; nearer or toward the midline.


fracture

/ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃə/

/ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃɚ/

From Middle English fracture, from Old French fracture, from Latin fractūra (“a breach, fracture, cleft”), from frangere (“to break”), past participle fractus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-, whence also English break. See fraction. Doublet of fraktur.

der

(medicine) A break in bone or cartilage.

骨折

(medicine) a break in a bone or cartilage


vagitus uterinus

Modern medical coinage from Latin vagitus (“cry”) + uterinus (“of the womb”)

(medicine) The crying of a foetus from within the uterus following rupture of the membranes.


marker

en-noun

marker (countable and uncountable, plural markers)

marker interface → marker interface pattern

Nurse Hall: Is there any reason we shouldn't do a full workup? / Steve Denube: Ignorance is bliss; that's about it. Hangover's worse than usual but that's probably from the drinking and recreational drug use. / Nurse Hall: We'll ignore the ganja and booger sugar markers.

2019, Justin Benson, directed by Justin Benson, Synchronic, spoken by Nurse Hall and Steve Denube (Rhonda Johnson Dents and Anthony Mackie), XYZ Films, →OCLC:

Someone or something used to mark a position or amount, particularly

(biology, medicine) A substance used as an indicator for diagnosis or other analysis, a biomarker.


ovaritis

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-overitis.wav


endoskeleton

endoskeleton (plural endoskeletons or endoskeleta)

endoskeletons (plural)
endoskeleta (plural)

This is the case not only with all forms provided with exoskeleta and endoskeleta, into the composition of which lime largely enters, but also with those which exercise the precipitating effect on the calcium salts they absorb from sea water, the precipitation rarely going so far as to form a distinct deposit in the cells or tissues of the organism.

1903 January 17, A[rchibald] B[yron] Macallum, “The Palæochemistry of the Ocean in Relation to Animal and Vegetable Protoplasm”, in Transactions of the Canadian Institute, volume VII, Toronto, Ont.: […] for the Canadian Institute by Murray Printing Company, published 1904, section IV (The Composition of the Primeval Ocean), page 551:

Endoskeleta have the advantage that they can be flexibly “restructured” when the situation demands.

1978, K.H. Pribram, “Modes of Central Processing in Human Learning and Remebering”, in Timothy Teyler, editor, Brain and Learning, Stamford, Conn.: Greylock Publishers, →ISBN, section “The Implications”, page 156:

The acantharian radiolaria can similarly collect and precipitate strontium sulfate to form their endoskeleta. […] Besides the axopods, most other radiolaria form endoskeleta of either strontium sulfate (the Acantharea) or, more often, opaline silicates (the Polycystinea and Phaeodarea).

1991, Eugene C. Bovee, “Sarcodina”, in Frederick W. Harrison, John O. Corliss, editors, Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, volume 1 (Protozoa), Wiley-Liss, →ISBN, pages 205 and 213:

(anatomy) The internal skeleton of an animal, which in vertebrates is composed of bone and cartilage.


medusa

medusa (plural medusas or medusae or medusæ)

medusas (plural)
medusae (plural)
medusæ (plural)


incompetent

en-adj

incompetent (comparative more incompetent, superlative most incompetent)

more incompetent (comparative)
most incompetent (superlative)

Borrowed from French incompétent, from Late Latin incompetentem, from Latin incompetēns, equivalent to in- + competent.

անձեռնհաս

unskilled, lacking normally expected degree of ability

Near-synonyms: dysfunctional, nonfunctioning

Lacking the degree of ability and responsibility necessary to do a task successfully.

(medicine, of the cervix) Opening too early during pregnancy, resulting in miscarriage or premature birth.


cellula

(anatomy) A small compartment or chamber


anaphase

19th century: from Ancient Greek ἀνα- (ana-, “back, backward”) + φάσις (phásis, “appearance”).

derived

(cytology) The stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate; the chromatid moving to opposite poles of the cell.


dyspraxia

en-noun

dyspraxia (countable and uncountable, plural dyspraxias)

From Ancient Greek δυσπραξίᾱ (duspraxíā, “ill success, ill luck”), after the pattern of apraxia.

bor

Many people with dyspraxia have difficulty with tying shoelaces.

It is not clearly known what causes dyspraxia. It appears to be a developmental delay specifically in areas affecting motor function, which may involve gross motor, fine motor or articulatory skills. Some dyspraxic children also have other learning difficulties, while some are of average or above-average intelligence.

2010, Maureen Boon, Understanding Dyspraxia: A Guide for Parents and Teachers, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, →ISBN, page 17:

(neurology) A genetic neurological disorder where a person has motor skills severely below average due to their brain's inability to consistently send messages accurately to the body during the planning and execution of motor movements.


savior

First attested in 1300 as Middle English saveour, from Old French sauveour, from Late Latin salvātor, from salvō. Doublet of salvator. Displaced native Old English hǣlend.

(medicine) A child who is conceived in order to provide an organ or cell transplant to a sibling who has an otherwise fatal disease (used in combination, with "sibling", "baby", "child", "brother", "sister", etc.)


favus

en-noun

favus (countable and uncountable, plural favi)

Borrowed from Latin favus (“honeycomb”).

The first signs of an attack of favus are small, pale, irregular, cup-like spots on the comb or wattles, generally appearing on the comb first.

1901 July 19, “Favus in Poultry”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 10, page 317:

(medicine) A severe, chronic infection of ringworm.


mucositis

mucositis (countable and uncountable, plural mucositides)

(biology, medicine) Inflammation of a mucosa (mucous membrane), or of multiple mucosae; as:

A complication of some cancer therapies in which the lining of the digestive system becomes inflamed. Often seen as sores in the mouth.


susceptible

en-adj

susceptible (comparative more susceptible, superlative most susceptible)

more susceptible (comparative)
most susceptible (superlative)

From Late Latin susceptibilis, from Latin susceptus, from suscipiō.

(medicine) Especially sensitive, particularly to a stimulus.


susceptible

In either instance a decrease in the number of susceptibles, by making the spread of virus less easy, tends towards a stage at which the infection dies out.

1983, Topley & Wilson, editors, General Microbiology & Immunity, →ISBN, page 417:

(epidemiology) A person who is vulnerable to being infected by a certain disease


pigtail

(medicine) Twisted stent terminal; stent-end, usually but not necessarily a different fastened part.


operculum

(dentistry) A gum flap covering (part of) a partially erupted tooth, usually a wisdom tooth.

(anatomy) One of several flaps of cerebral cortex covering the insula.


chimerical

chimerical (comparative more chimerical, superlative most chimerical)

more chimerical (comparative)
most chimerical (superlative)

/kɪˈmɛɹɪkəl/

From chimera, from Latin chimaera, from Ancient Greek χίμαιρα (khímaira, “she-goat”). This term entered English in or around 1638.

uder

(genetics) Resulting from the expression of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins.

chimérique

resulting from the expression of two or more genes


proctology

From procto- + -logy or proct- + -ology.

(surgery) Colorectal surgery as a specialty inside proctology.


MPTP

(neurotoxicology) 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: a byproduct of synthetic heroin, or MPPP, which causes parkinsonian symptoms in users; and a neurotoxin that degrades into MPP+ after crossing the blood-brain barrier, which causes a degradation of the dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra.


(neurotoxicology) A neurotoxin that cannot cross the blood-brain barrier but which, once in contact, can destroy the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra.


MPPP

2005, Staack et al, Current Drug Metabolism http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=15975043&query_hl=17&itool=pubmed_docsum, June
Furthermore, N-benzylpiperazine (BZP), 1-(3, 4-methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine (MDBP), 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP), 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP) and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (MeOPP) were taken into consideration as derivatives of the class of piperazine-derived designer drugs, as well as alpha-pyr-rolidinopropiophenone (PPP), 4'-methoxy-alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MOPPP), 3', 4'-methylenedioxy-alpha-pyrrolidino-propiophenone (MDPPP), 4'-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MPPP), and 4'-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinoexanophenone (MPHP) as derivatives of the class of alpha-pyrrolidinophenone-derived designer drugs.

The same toxicological detection procedure can be applied to other designer drugs of the pyrrolidinophenone type, like MOPPP, MDPPP, MPHP, and MPPP. The detection of the latter will also be presented here

2003, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences., Springer et al:

(pharmacology) Synthetic heroin of the pyrrolidinophenone type.


locus coeruleus

Latin for "blue place", using a Medieval Latin spelling of Classical Latin caeruleus (“blue”). See also Wikipedia for more details.

Noradrenaline builds up carbon dioxide in yer blood, which activates your Locus Coeruleus, which essentially keeps you awake...

2023, Andrew MacDonald, “Twistwood Tales”, in Instagram:

(neurology) A small nucleus, located bilaterally in the pons, which contains norepinephrine and has projections to most of the brain.


over-the-counter

over-the-counter drug, over-the-counter medicine

(pharmacology, of medicine and other treatments) Legal for sale or distribution without the requirement of a prescription.


radiation sickness

en-noun

radiation sickness (countable and uncountable, plural radiation sicknesses)

(medicine, pathology) Any illness produced by ionizing radiation with symptoms ranging from nausea to death.


effusion

effusion (countable and uncountable, plural effusions)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-effusion.wav

Borrowed from Middle French effusion, from Latin effūsiō (“outpouring”). Displaced native Old English āgotennes.

Coordinate term: edema

pleural effusion

(medicine) The seeping of fluid into a body cavity; the fluid itself.


Pap smear

From Papanikolaou. Named after Greek-American physician Georgios Papanikolaou.

named-after

She felt vulnerable, like sheʼd just gotten her first Pap smear and didnʼt know how invasive it would feel.

2021, Zakiya Dalila Harris, The Other Black Girl, Bloomsbury, page 344:

(gynaecology) A screening test meant to detect pre-cancerous and cancerous cells by taking a sample (‘smear’) of cells from the cervix.


undulation

en-noun

undulation (countable and uncountable, plural undulations)

From undulate + -ion, or borrowed from Medieval Latin undulātiō; compare French ondulation.

(medicine, dated) A feeling as if of an undulatory motion about the heart.

(medicine, dated) The distinctive motion of the matter within an abscess on being pressed when it is ripe for opening.


cretinism

cretinism (countable and uncountable, plural cretinisms)

Cretinism is a form of amentia, which is endemic in certain districts, especially in some of the valleys of Switzerland, Savoy, and France.

1922, W. G. Aitchison Robertson, Aids to Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 9th edition, page 69:

(pathology) A condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to the untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones.

先天性碘缺乏症候群

disease of severely stunted physical and mental growth


posology

posology (usually uncountable, plural posologies)

From Ancient Greek πόσος (pósos, “how much?”) + -ology (suffix indicating a branch of learning).

suffix

The difficulty here alluded to occurs in the doses of medicine exhibited by the ancient physicians. These have long been observed to be very large; and it was on remarking the impossibility, according to our ideas, of exhibiting them with safety to human life, or even of escaping destruction under their influence, that my observation was first drawn to the subject of ancient posology.

1820 April, E. Milligan, “On the Doses of the Ancient Physicians”, in The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal: Exhibiting a Concise View of the Latest and Most Discoveries in Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, volume XVI, number LXIII, Edinburgh: Printed by George Ramsay & Company, for Archibald Constable and Company, Edinburgh; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, & Brown, London; and John Cumming, Dublin, →OCLC, page 186:

Dr. Wise […] mentions two systems of Hindu surgery and nine systems of medicine, three of materia medica, one of posology, one of pharmacy, and three of metallic preparations alone. From these one can gather the strength and dimensions of the scientific knowledge of ancient India regarding therapeutic agents of both organic and inorganic origin.

2000, L. D. Kapoor, “Introduction”, in Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants (Herbal Reference Library), Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 1:

Posology is usually well defined by medicinal plant specialists. Traditional formulations of medicinal plants processed for therapeutic uses (such as teas, syrups, concoctions, beverages, etc.) are expected to be ingested over a given period of time, varying with the expected length of the condition to be treated, and the time required for the remedy to attain its curative goal.

2002, Elaine Elisabetsky, “Traditional Medicines and the New Paradigm of Psychotropic Drug Action”, in Maurice M[maduakolam] Iwu, Jacqueline C. Wootton, editors, Ethnomedicine and Drug Discovery (Advances in Phytomedicine; 1), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, →ISBN, page 136:

The posologies employed require careful clinical and electrical supervision, and the same anticoagulant measures as for electrical cardioversion are necessary.

2012, Y. Grosgogeat, “Cerebral Ischemic Accidents of Cardiac Origin”, in Jacques Bories, editor, Cerebral Ischaemia: A Neuroradiological Study (Neuroradiology; volume 27, number 6), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, page 130:

(countable, uncountable, pharmacy, pharmacology) The study of the dosages of drugs, especially the determination of appropriate dosages.


protractor

(surgery) An instrument formerly used in extracting foreign or offensive matter from a wound.

(anatomy) A muscle that extends an organ or part; opposed to retractor.


locality

en-noun

locality (countable and uncountable, plural localities)

From French localité, from Late Latin localitas, equivalent to local + -ity.

(dated, phrenology) The perceptive faculty concerned with the ability to remember the relative positions of places.


tombstone

myocardial infarction
myocardial infarction

(cardiology) An unusual morphological feature on an electrocardiogram indicative of acute myocardial infarction, characterized by a massive ST elevation.


geniculate

Learned borrowing from Latin geniculātus (“with bended knee”), from geniculum (“little knee”) + -ātus (participial adjective-forming suffix), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

a geniculate stem; a geniculate ganglion; a geniculate twin crystal

(anatomy, botany) Bent abruptly, with the structure of a knee.

(anatomy) Relating to a geniculate nucleus.


tinnitus

en-noun

tinnitus (countable and uncountable, plural tinnituses)

From Latin tinnītus (“a jingling, ringing”).

(otolaryngology, pathology) The experience of auditory sensations, such as a ringing or pulsating sound, occurring in the absence of any external stimulus.


fourchette

frenulum labiorum pudendi
frenulum labiorum pudendi

(anatomy) A fork-shaped structure, specifically the fold of skin where the labia minora meet above the perineum (the frenulum labiorum pudendi).

(surgery) An instrument used to raise and support the tongue during the cutting of the frenulum.


differential diagnosis

differential diagnosis (countable and uncountable, plural differential diagnoses)

(medicine) The process of determining which disease, from a set of possible candidates, is causing a patient's symptoms.

diferenciální diagnóza

process of diagnosis from a set of candidates

when you hear hoofbeats, think of horses, not zebras

2000 August 15, Harry D. McKinnon and Thomas Howard, “Evaluating the Febrile Patient with a Rash”, in American Family Physician, American Academy of Family Physicians, page 804,
The differential diagnosis for febrile patients with a rash is extensive.

(medicine) A list of possible causes of a primary symptom or a collection of symptoms.


Müllerian duct

Named after German physiologist Johannes Peter Müller (1801–1858), who described the ducts in 1830.

named-after

Coordinate term: Wolffian duct

(embryology) A paired structure found in mammals including humans that develops in the early stages of embryonic development and contribute to the formation of internal female reproductive organs; precursor to the upper vagina, uterus, and Fallopian tubes.


paramesonephric duct

en-noun

paramesonephric duct (plural paramesonephric ducts)

Coordinate term: mesonephric duct


DDD

DDD (countable and uncountable, plural DDDs)

The authors found a significant decrease in the defined daily doses (DDD) of antibiotics in both units B and C, but not in unit A. Although just a single center study, this illustrates the impact that ID specialist approval can have on antibiotic use.

2017, Christopher D. Doern, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, “Selective Reporting and Antimicrobial Stewardship”, in Kerry LaPlante, Cheston Cunha, Haley Morrill, Louis Rice, Eleftherios Mylonakis, editors, Antimicrobial Stewardship: Principles and Practice, Wallingford: CABI, →ISBN, page 115:

(pharmacology) Initialism of defined daily dose: a statistical measure of drug consumption.


DAD

diffuse alveolar damage
w:diffuse alveolar damage

(medicine) Acronym of diffuse alveolar damage.


-tide

(pharmacology) Used to form names of peptides and glycopeptides.


extinction

extinction (countable and uncountable, plural extinctions)

From late Middle English, borrowed from Latin extinctio (“extinction, annihilation”), from extinguere, past participle extinctus (“to extinguish”); see extinguish.

der

extinction event → Triassic-Jurassic extinction event

(pathology) The inability to perceive multiple stimuli simultaneously.


hyperthermia

en-noun

hyperthermia (countable and uncountable, plural hyperthermias)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hyperthermia.wav

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over”) + θέρμη (thérmē, “heat”) + -ία (-ía).

affix

Hyperthermia, that's just a word. The reality is different. You can't breathe. Sweating doesn't work. You're being roasted, like meat in an oven, and you can feel that.

2020, Kim Stanley Robinson, The Ministry for the Future, Little, Brown Book Group, →ISBN:

(pathology) The condition of having an abnormally high body temperature caused by a failure of the heat-regulating mechanisms of the body to deal with the heat coming from the environment.

熱中症

ねっちゅうしょう, ねっちゅうしょう, nettchūshō

(medicine) The therapeutic application of heat to a patient, especially as treatment to cancer.


jactitation

en-noun

jactitation (countable and uncountable, plural jactitations)

/ˌd͡ʒæktɪˈteɪʃən/

From Medieval Latin jactitio, from iactitō (“throw, fling; boast, brag; utter, mention”).

(medicine) Extreme restlessness; tossing and turning in bed.


Lyme disease

Named after the town of Lyme, Connecticut, USA, where a number of cases were identified in 1975.

(pathology) Infection by one of three or more subspecies of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by four species of tick in genus Ixodes. Symptoms include a rash followed by fever, joint pain, and headaches.

萊姆病 /莱姆病

infection by bacteria of the genus Borrelia

Ixodes ricinus

sheep tick, castor bean tick, of western Eurasia

Ixodes scapularis

black-legged tick, deer tick, of eastern North America

Ixodes pacificus

western black-legged tick, of western North America


tachycardia

tachycardia (countable and uncountable, plural tachycardias)

From New Latin tachycardia, from Ancient Greek ταχύς (takhús, “swift”) + καρδία (kardía, “heart”), analysable as tachy- + -cardia; compare French tachycardie.

The heart becomes irritable, there is nervous palpitation, or attacks of paroxysmal tachycardia.

1896 June, E[dwin] M. Hale, “The Heart at the Beginning and Ending of the Menstrual Life: Reprinted from the Hahnemannian Monthly, June, 1896”, in The Hahnemannian Monthly, Philadelphia, Pa.: Homœopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, →OCLC, page 1:

Tachycardias of all types reduce the cardiac output if the rate is high enough. […] The main difference between the tachycardias as regards the reduction of cardiac output is the rate at which they cause a significant reduction of cardiac output, and this depends on the type of tachycardia.

1988, G.M. Woerlee, “Cardiac Arrhythmias – General”, in Common Perioperative Problems and the Anaesthetist (Developments in Critical Care Medicine and Anaesthesiology), Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →DOI, →ISBN, page 123:

Tachycardia is defined as a FHR [fetal heart rate] above 160 bpm that lasts for at least 10 minutes. Tachycardia represents increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic autonomic tone and, therefore, is generally associated with a normal loss of FHR baseline variability[…].

2003, Rebecca L. Cypher, Donna Adelsperger, Keiko L. Torgersen, “Interpretation of Fetal Heart Rate Patterns”, in Nancy Feinstein, Keiko L. Torgersen, Jana Atterbury, editors, Fetal Heart Monitoring: Principles and Practices, 3rd edition, Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt, →ISBN, page 117:

With atrial tachycardia, the atria of the heart beats abnormally fast. Though often unpleasant for the patient, an atrial tachycardia is typically not fatal. However, some tachycardia, particularly ventricular tachycardia, can trigger ventricular fibrillation wherein the heart beats chaotically resulting in little or no net flow of blood from the heart to the brain and organs.

2013, “Therapies and Treatments”, in Q. Ashton Acton, editor, Tachycardia: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional, Atlanta, Ga.: ScholarlyEditions, published 2013, →ISBN, page 235:

(medicine, cardiology) A rapid resting heart rate, especially one above 100 beats per minute.


taenia

From Latin taenia, from Ancient Greek ταινία (tainía, “ribbon, tape”).

uder

Each taenia traverses one of the following surfaces of the colon: the anterior surface, the posteroinferior surface, and the posterosuperior surface.

2004, Janice C. Colwell, Fecal and Urinary Diversions: Management and Principles, page 49:

The general characteristics of the colon are its large caliber; the presence of pendant-shaped bodies of fat enclosed by peritoneum, called omental appendices; and the longitudinal muscle in its walls, which forms three narrow, ribbon-like bands called taeniae coli. The locations of the taeniae are useful landmarks and are specific in relation to the position of the colon itself. The posterior taenia, or tenia omental, is found on the posterolateral border of the ascending and descending colons and the anterior border of the transverse colon. The anterior taenia, or tenia libera,[…].

2006, Richard L. Drake, “Chapter 128: Anatomy of the Colon”, in Josef E. Fischer, Kirby I. Bland, Mark P. Callery, editors, Mastery of Surgery, volume 1, page 1424:

The choroid plexus is attached medially to the body of the fornix by the taenia fornicis and laterally to the thalamus by the taenia choroidea. The taenia is actually a continuation of the ependyma that covers the ventricular cavity over the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle.

2006, Hung Tzu Wen, Antônio C. M. Mussi, Albert L. Rhoton Jr, Evandro de Oliveira, Helder Tedeschi, “Chapter 41: Surgical Approaches to Lesions Located in the Lateral, Third, and Fourth Ventricles”, in Laligam N. Sekhar, Richard Glenn Fessler, editors, Atlas of Neurosurgical Techniques: Brain, page 535:

The taenia selected will generally be the so-called omental taenia, from which the greater omentum arises.

2009, Carol E. H. Scott-Conner, Operative Anatomy, page 542:

(anatomy) Any of several ribbon-like bands of tissue.


scrofula

en-noun

scrofula (countable and uncountable, plural scrofulas or scrofulae or scrofulæ)

scrofulas (plural)
scrofulae (plural)
scrofulæ (plural)

Borrowed from Latin scrōfulae, a diminutive form of scrōfa (“breeding sow”), because swine were supposed to be subject to the complaint; or by fanciful comparison of the glandular swellings to little pigs.

1970: R.H.C. Davis A History of Medieval Europe Longman: SBN 582482089. P298. "(In 1100) It (The Church) relied on the king (of France) for protection and in return gave him authority. It even ..gave support for the claim that by his royal touch, he could miraculously cure the scrofula. (A similar claim was made for the kings of England, and was exercised till the reign of Queen Anne; one of the last people to be cured in that way being Dr. Johnson.)

(pathology) A form of tuberculosis, most common in women 30-40 years of age, tending to cause enlarged and degenerated lymph nodes, especially in the neck, and often chronic, intractable skin inflammation as well.


cuneal

en-adj

cuneal (comparative more cuneal, superlative most cuneal)

more cuneal (comparative)
most cuneal (superlative)


suspended

Caused to stop for a while; interrupted or delayed.


deferential

deferential (comparative more deferential, superlative most deferential)

more deferential (comparative)
most deferential (superlative)

[ˌdɛfəˈɹɛnʃəɫ]

(anatomy, not comparable) Of, or relating to the vas deferens.


rongeur

From French rongeur, from ronger (“to gnaw”).

(surgery) An instrument with a sharp-edged, scoop-shaped tip, for gouging out bone.


pathobiology

en-noun

pathobiology (usually uncountable, plural pathobiologies)

(medicine) pathology (in any of its senses: study of disease, instance of disease, mechanism of disease).

(medicine) The biologic explanations of pathogenesis, to include both pathoanatomy and pathophysiology.


pathophysiology

pathophysiology (countable and uncountable, plural pathophysiologies)

(pathology) The physiological processes associated with disease or injury.


pathophysiologic

(pathology) Pertaining to pathophysiology.


pathophysiological

What, beyond abnormal, dysregulated cell division, was the common pathophysiological mechanism underlying cancer?

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 285:


pathophysiologically

(pathology) In a pathophysiologic manner.


Heimlich maneuver

Heimlich maneuver (plural Heimlich maneuvers)

Named after American physician Henry Heimlich, who described the procedure in 1974.

named-after

(emergency medicine) A first aid procedure used to treat choking. The patient is lifted from behind, squeezing their diaphragm to expel air and thereby dislodging an obstruction in the windpipe.


post-

Latin post (“after, behind”). Cognate with Spanish pues (“well, so, then”)


iatrogenic

en-adj

iatrogenic (comparative more iatrogenic, superlative most iatrogenic)

more iatrogenic (comparative)
most iatrogenic (superlative)

/aɪˌætɹəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/

Another group argues that the diagnosis is being overused and that many of the diagnosed cases are iatrogenic, or unintentionally shaped or caused by the practitioner

2003, Michael L. Raulin, Abnormal Psychology, Pearson Education, Inc., page 494:

(medicine, of a disease, injury, or other adverse outcome) Induced by the words or actions of the physician or by medical treatment or diagnostic procedure.

injury; or other adverse outcome; injury; or other adverse outcome

iatrogènic

induced by physician or medical treatment

nosocomial

applied to infections and their causal agents


oneirism

/ə(ʊ)ˈnʌɪɹɪzəm/

(psychiatry) A state of abnormal consciousness in which dream-like experiences and hallucinations happen while awake.


deferent

From French déférent, from Latin dēferēns, dēferentis.

(anatomy) A deferent duct in the body, as opposed to an afferent one.


radiology

magnetic resonance imaging
magnetic resonance imaging

(medicine) The specialty of medical imaging and its interpretation, originally and especially radiography but now including all imaging modalities, including ones that use no radiation (such as ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging).

nuclear medicine
nuclear medicine#English

(medicine, obsolete) The use of radioactive substances in diagnosis and treatment (which today is the province of nuclear medicine).


cavernous

cavernous (comparative more cavernous, superlative most cavernous)

more cavernous (comparative)
most cavernous (superlative)

Late Middle English cavernous, cavernose, borrowing from Old French caverneux or Latin cavernōsus (“full of hollows or cavities”), from caverna (“a hollow, cavity, cave”) + -ōsus (“-ous, -ose”, adjectival suffix); equivalent to cavern + -ous.

af

(anatomy, zootomy) Composed largely of vascular sinuses and capable of dilating with blood to bring about the erection of a body part.

Having many caverns.
(dentistry) Having cavities.


murrain

en-noun

murrain (countable and uncountable, plural murrains)

The noun is derived from Late Middle English morein, morine, moreyn (“(widespread) death; widespread sickness, plague; fatal disease; carnage; carrion”), from Anglo-Norman morine, mourine, moreyn (“death; widespread sickness, plague; carrion; cattle disease”), Middle French morine, and Old French morine, mourine, murine (“widespread sickness, plague; animal which has died from a disease”), from Late Latin morina (“plague”), probably from Latin morī, the present active infinitive of morior (“to die; to decay, wither”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”).
The adjective and adverb are derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Italian morìa (“plague”)
* Latin morticīnus (“that has died naturally, dead; (relational) carrion”) (Medieval Latin morticinium)
* Occitan moria (“death; plague”)
* Old French morie (“death”) mourie (“flesh of animals that have died of disease”) (Middle French murie)
* Portuguese morrinha (“cattle plague”)
* Spanish morriña (“cattle plague”)

cog

water murrain

Il'e ſtrike thee [Earth] vvith a laſting barrenneſſe. / No more ſhall plenty crovvne thy fertill brovves, / Il'e breake thy plovves, thy Oxen murren-ſtrike: […]

1613, Thomas Heywood, The Silver Age, […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, and are to be sold by Beniamin Lightfoote […], →OCLC, Act III, signature H, verso:

[A] Church-mans Juriſdiction is no more but to vvatch over his Flock in ſeaſon, and out of ſeaſon, to deal by ſvveet and efficacious Inſtructions, gentle Admonitions, and ſometimes rounder Reproofs; […] againſt a perſiſting ſtubbornes, or the fear of a reprobate ſenſe, a timely ſeparation from the Flock by that interdictive Sentence, leſt his Converſation unprohibited, or unbranded, might breath a peſtilential murrein into the other Sheepe.

1642 April, John Milton, An Apology for Smectymnuus; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], volume I, Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC, page 159:

The murrain among Bees is very rare: other diſeaſes they are ſubject too, eſpecially to a ſcovvring, by gathering, or feeding on Tithymal, […]

1657, Samuel Purchas, “Of Bees, Enemies and Sicknesses”, in A Theatre of Politicall Flying-Insects. […], London: […] R. I. for Thomas Parkhurst, […], →OCLC, page 122:

The next year vvas calamitous, bringing ſtrange fluxes upon men, and murren upon Cattel.

1670, John Milton, “The Sixth Book”, in The History of Britain, that Part Especially now Call’d England. […], London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for James Allestry, […] , →OCLC, page 245:

[page 47] [B]ecauſe Murreins among the Larger Cattle, and Rots among the Smaller, are the moſt Fatal of Diſeaſes, and ſvveep them avvay by Herds and Flocks, I ſhall (from Long Experience) ſhovv the neareſt vvay to fore-ſee the approaching Danger, […] [page 48] To prevent therefore this Murrein, Long-ſought; or as ſome call it, Gurget: If you are conſtrained to Paſture your Beaſts, bleed them as ſoon as ever the Leaf begins to fall; peg their Ears and Devv-laps vvith Helebore, or Bears-foot, a Plant ſo called; […]

1700, C. P. [pseudonym], “Signs of Murrein, Rot, or Such Like Destroying Diseases in Cattle; how to Prevent or Remedy Them”, in The Sheepherd’s New Kalender: or, The Citizen’s & Country Man’s Daily Companion: […], London: […] A. M. for J. Blare, […], →OCLC, pages 47–48:

(countable, veterinary medicine, chiefly historical) Any of several highly infectious diseases of cattle or other livestock, such as anthrax, babesiosis, or rinderpest; or a particular epizootic thereof; also, an infectious disease affecting other animals, such as poultry.

مَوْتَان

any of several highly infectious diseases of cattle, etc.; or a particular epizootic thereof

potato murrain

[H]e had reason to think that a murrain had fallen over the whole of the potato crops in England, and that, if it extended to Ireland, the most serious consequences must ensue.

1880, [Benjamin Disraeli], chapter XIV, in Endymion […], volume III, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, pages 141–142:

(countable, by extension, phytopathology) An infectious disease affecting plants.


seesaw

Probably a frequentative imitative of rhythmic back-and-forth, up-and-down or zigzagging motion, such as teeter-totter, zigzag, flip-flop, ping pong, etc., under the umbrella term of reduplication; also likely influenced by the verbs see and saw of either present or past tense.

onomatopoeic

imitative

(medicine, attributively) An abnormal breathing pattern caused by airway obstruction, characterized by paradoxical chest and abdominal movement.


cyclophosphamide

en-noun

cyclophosphamide (countable and uncountable, plural cyclophosphamides)

The patient was treated with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine, as well as burn center protocol care with daily tankings.

1993, Virginia Medical Quarterly, volumes 120-121, page 44:

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive, antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease and certain other forms of cancer.


steatopygous

en-adj

steatopygous (comparative more steatopygous, superlative most steatopygous)

more steatopygous (comparative)
most steatopygous (superlative)

From steatopyga, steatopygia + -ous. Steatopyga is borrowed from New Latin steatopyga, from Ancient Greek στέᾱτος (stéātos) (genitive singular of στέαρ (stéar, “hard fat, suet, tallow”)) + πῡγή (pūgḗ, “buttocks, rump”).

refn

From [Louis-Joseph] A[lcide] Railliet (1895) Traité de zoologie médicale et agricole [Treatise of Medical and Agricultural Zoology], Paris: Asselin et Houzeau, →OCLC, page 1244.

[W]e may refer to some unknown condition of climate, the steatopygous deformities of the Bushmen. As these remarkable depositions of fat are not the peculiarity of one tribe, namely the Saabs, [...] we have no room for doubt that the cause of the phenomenon is some influence connected with climate and situation.

1837, James Cowles Prichard, Researches into the Physical History of Mankind, 3rd edition, volume II, London: Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, […]; and J. and A. Arch, […], →OCLC, section I, page 339:

Living in rooms opposite these slave girls, and seeing them at all hours of the day and night, I had frequent opportunities of studying them. They were average specimens of the steatopygous Abyssinian breed, broad-shouldered, thin-flanked, fine-limbed, and with haunches of prodigious size.

1855, Richard F[rancis] Burton, “The Nile Steam Boat”, in Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah. … In Three Volumes, volume I (El-Misr), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC, page 87:

Perhaps, he now felt, if this body he held could become—just for twenty or thirty seconds—one of those harem dreams of his, pampered, pouting, perfumed, steatopygous, he could, he was sure, achieve what it was a plain duty, apart from all questions of gratification, to achieve.

1963, Anthony Burgess, chapter 2, in Inside Mr. Enderby, London: Heinemann, →OCLC; republished as Enderby, New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, September 1969 (March 1973 printing), →OCLC, book II, section 4, page 160:

At his side, Amuta and a steatopygous twelve-year-old in a striped shift.

1981, T[homas] Coraghessan Boyle, “Niger Redux”, in Water Music, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, →ISBN; republished London: Granta Books, 1998, →ISBN, page 341:

And finally there is the old crone of death, the steatopygous figure with pointed feet, that goes all the way back to the Paleolithic settlement of Dolne Vestonice.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 144:

(physiology) Pertaining to steatopygia; having fat or prominent buttocks.


holoprosencephaly

en-noun

holoprosencephaly (countable and uncountable, plural holoprosencephalies)

From Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos, “whole”) + πρόσω (prósō, “forwards, onwards”) (referring to the prosencephalon (“forebrain”)) + ἐγκέφαλος (enképhalos, “brain”) + English -y (suffix denoting a condition), i.e. “condition of a whole (inappropriately divided) forebrain”. By surface analysis, holo- + pro- + -s- + encephal- + -y.

surf

(teratology) A congenital disorder involving insufficient division of the lobes of the brain during fetal development, resulting in skull and facial deformities ranging from minor cleft lip problems to cyclopia, in which a single eye develops where the nose would normally be.

holoprosenkefalia

a congenital disorder involving insufficient division of the lobes of the brain


macroglossia

(medicine) Enlargement or hypertrophy of the tongue; an excessively large tongue.


propagation

en-noun

propagation (countable and uncountable, plural propagations)

From Middle French propagation, from Old French propagacion, from Latin propagatio.
Morphologically propagate + -ion

(genetics) the elongation part of transcription


azotemia

azotemia (countable and uncountable, plural azotemias)

/ˌæzəʊˈtiːmɪə/

(pathology) The accumulation in the blood of nitrogen-bearing waste products (such as urea) that are usually excreted in the urine.

αζωθαιμία

accumulation in the blood of waste products


marasmus

marasmus (countable and uncountable, plural marasmuses)

Borrowed from Late Latin marasmus, from Ancient Greek μᾰρᾰσμός (mărăsmós, “withering”, noun).

bor

Indian children are still among the skinniest and shortest on the planet, but they are taller and plumper than were their parents or grandparents, and the signs of gross hunger, such as marasmus, are now rarely seen in nutritional surveys.

2015, Angus Deaton, “4 Health in the Modern World”, in The Great Escape: Health, Wealth, and the Origins of Inequality, page 163:

(medicine) A condition of chronic undernourishment especially in children, caused by a diet deficient in calories or the inability to digest protein and presenting as a severe loss of body weight.


magistery

en-noun

magistery (countable and uncountable, plural magisteries)

/ˈmæd͡ʒɪstəɹi/

/ˈmæd͡ʒəˌstəɹi/

PIE word
 *méǵh₂s
From Middle English magisteri, magistery (“academic degree of Master”), from Latin magisterium (“office of a chief, director, president, or superintendent; teaching office or authority of the Roman Catholic Church; authoritative statement”) (compare Late Latin magisterium (“philosopher’s stone”)), from magister (“master (title for a person in authority or one having a licence from a university to teach liberal arts and philosophy); teacher”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”) + *-teros (contrastive or oppositional suffix forming adjectives)) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns, sometimes denoting groups and offices). Doublet of magisterium. Cognate with French magistère, Old French magisteire.

der

(countable, pharmacology, veterinary medicine) A medicine prepared for a specific use.


magistral

en-adj

magistral (comparative more magistral, superlative most magistral)

more magistral (comparative)
most magistral (superlative)

From Middle French magistral, and its source, Latin magistrālis, from magister (“master”). Doublet of mistral.

(obsolete, pharmacology) Sovereign (of a remedy); extremely effective.

(pharmacology) Formulated extemporaneously, or for a special case; opposed to officinal, and said of prescriptions and medicines.


magistral

en-noun

magistral (countable and uncountable, plural magistrals)

(pharmacology) A sovereign medicine or remedy.


magnetotherapy

magnetotherapy (countable and uncountable, plural magnetotherapies)

(medicine) The medical treatment of disease by the application of magnets to the surface of the body.


adhesion

adhesion (usually uncountable, plural adhesions)

From French adhésion, from Latin stem of adhaesio, from past participle of adhaerare.

(medicine) An abnormal union of surface by the formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory process.

сра́стване

medicine: abnormal union of surface by formation of new tissue


obstruent

Learned borrowing from Latin obstruēns, obstruentis.

lbor

(medicine) Anything that obstructs, especially in the passages of the body.


crossover

en-noun

crossover (countable and uncountable, plural crossovers)

(genetics) The result of the exchange of genetic material during meiosis.

tekijäinvaihdunta

the result of the exchange of genetic material during meiosis


cycloserine

cycloserine (countable and uncountable, plural cycloserines)

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum antibiotic C₃H₆N₂O₂ produced by an actinomycete (Streptomyces orchidaceus) and used especially in the treatment of tuberculosis.


cyclosporine

(pharmacology) Alternative form of ciclosporin.


cyclothymia

cyclothymia (countable and uncountable, plural cyclothymias)

From Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”) + θυμός (thumós, “temper, disposition”) + -ia.

(medicine) A chronic mental disturbance characterized by mood swings and depression.


dead space

dead space (countable and uncountable, plural dead spaces)

(physiology) The portion of the respiratory tract that is ventilated but not perfused by pulmonary circulation.


trichinosis

trichinosis (countable and uncountable, plural trichinoses)

From New Latin trichinōsis. By surface analysis, trichina + -osis.

(pathology) A disease characterized by headache, chills, fever, and soreness of muscles, caused by the presence of nematodes of genus Trichinella in the intestines and muscular tissues.


allogeneic

/ˌæləd͡ʒəˈniɪk/

(genetics) Genetically different because of being derived from separate individuals of the same species.

(immunology) Of a reaction that occurs when cells are transplanted into a genetically different recipient.


sarin

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sarin.wav

Named after the initials of its creators, Gerhard Schrader (1903–1990), Ambros, Rüdiger and Van der Linde.

The health minister in Turkey, which treated many of the attack's victims and conducted autopsies on others, said test results conducted on victims confirmed sarin gas was used.

2017 April 12, Samuel Osborne, “Vladimir Putin says US-Russia relations are worse since Donald Trump took office”, in The Independent:

Because Syria was not a signatory of the Chemical Weapons Convention, there was no international mechanism to ascribe responsibility for the attack, although UN inspectors did conclude that sarin had been deployed.

2022 April 17, Scott Lucas, “When Will There Be Justice Over Assad’s Sarin Attacks?”, in EA WorldView:

Trostianets mayor Yuriy Bova said officials had discovered traces of the deadly substance sarin and other chemical substances. Sarin is a clear and odourless substance that is classed as a potentially lethal nerve agent.

2022 April 18, Paul Withers, “Putin chemical weapon horror: Ukrainian mayor says 'remains' of sarin found after retreat”, in Daily Express:

(toxicology, military) The nerve gas O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, used as a chemical weapon.


mosaic

mosaic (countable and uncountable, plural mosaics)

From Middle French mosaïque, from Italian mosaico, from Medieval Latin musaicum, from Late Latin musivum (opus), from Latin museum, musaeum, probably from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon), shrine of the Muses (Μοῦσα (Moûsa)).

(genetics) An individual composed of two or more cell lines of different genetic or chromosomal constitution, but from the same zygote.

(phytopathology) Any of several viral diseases that cause mosaic-like patterns to appear on leaves.


tabes

tabes (countable and uncountable, plural tabes)

(medicine) A kind of slow bodily wasting or emaciating disease, often accompanying a chronic disease.


SPC

SPC (countable and uncountable, plural SPCs)

(pharmacology) Initialism of single pill combination.


akroposthion

/ækɹə(ʊ)ˈpɒsθɪən/

From Ancient Greek ἀκροπόσθιον (akropósthion).

der

(anatomy) The tip of the foreskin which extends beyond the glans.


nonhomologous

The nonhomologous RNA recombination resulted in an enhanced hemagglutinin cleavability.


anaclitic

From Ancient Greek ἀνάκλιτος (anáklitos, “for reclining”), from ἀνακλίνω (anaklínō). Originally in the phrase anaclitic type, translating Freud's term Anlehnungstypus.

I don’t think I have to gloss the true anaclitic purport behind your need to humiliate a woman doctor symbolically.

(psychoanalysis) Denoting a person whose choice of love-interest arises from the dependence of the libido on another instinct (e.g., hunger).


stuffer fragment

en-noun

stuffer fragment (plural stuffer fragments)

(genetics) A section of DNA contained within the genome of lambda vector that is replaced by the DNA to be cloned.


anastomosis

anastomosis (countable and uncountable, plural anastomoses)

From Ancient Greek ἀναστόμωσις (anastómōsis), from ἀναστομόω (anastomóō, “furnish with a mouth or outlet”).

anastomosi

creation of a connection between blood vessels

(surgery) The surgical creation of a connecting passage between blood vessels, bowels or other channels.


anhelation

anhelation (countable and uncountable, plural anhelations)

/ˌænhəˈleɪʃən/

From French anhélation, or directly from its etymon Latin anhēlātiō (“shortness of breath, gasping, panting, puffing”) (compare Late Latin anhēlātiō (“desire; eager pursuit”)), from anhēlātus (“exhaled”) + -iō (suffix forming abstract nouns from verbs). Anhēlātus is the perfect passive participle of anhēlō (“to breathe out, exhale; to draw breath with difficulty, gasp, pant, puff”).

cog

In a Diſpnœa, the breath is thick, vvithout noiſe or anhelation, and vvith leſs trouble.

1655, Lazarus Riverius [i.e., Lazare Rivière], “Of Asthma, or Difficulty of Breathing”, in Nicholas Culpeper, Abdiah Cole, and William Rowland, transl., The Practice of Physick, […], London: […] Peter Cole, […], →OCLC, 7th book (Of the Diseases of the Breast), page 148:

(uncountable, pulmonology, archaic) Breathing difficulty, shortness of breath.

anhelació

breathing difficulty — see also shortness of breath


polylinker

(genetics) A short sequence of DNA containing several restriction enzyme recognition sites that is contained in cloning vectors


shi

Clipping of shibire. Coined by Japanese-Canadian geneticist and zoologist David Suzuki, the person who also coined "shibire".


generic name

Its generic name is rosuvastatin, but you may know it better by the proprietary name Crestor.

(pharmacology, pharmacy) A nonproprietary name given to a drug that is used to identify it irrespective of trademark.

yleisnimi

(pharmacology, pharmacy) name given to a drug that is used to identify it irrespective of trademark


aprosopia

/æpɹəˈsəʊpɪə/

From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) + πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “face”) + -ῐᾰ (-ĭă).

af

(teratology) having an underdeveloped face, or having no face


ataraxy

en-noun

ataraxy (usually uncountable, plural ataraxies)

From Middle French ataraxie, from Ancient Greek ἀταραξία (ataraxía, “impassiveness”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + ταράσσω (tarássō, “I disturb”). Doublet of ataraxia.

der

Ataraxy can be produced by ataractics, drugs that have a calming or quieting effect.

2000, M. Basavanna, Dictionary of Psychology, Allied Publishers, →ISBN, page 28:

(pharmacology, pharmacy) State of psychological calm and tranquility, absence of discomfort, or metabolical inactivity.


bistoury

From French bistouri, from archaic Italian pistorese or pistorino (“from Pistoia”); the city of Pistoia was once famous for the manufacturing of blades.

(surgery) A narrow-bladed surgical knife


scoliosis

en-noun

scoliosis (countable and uncountable, plural scolioses)

From Latin scoliosis, from Ancient Greek σκολίωσις (skolíōsis, “twisting; torsion”).

uder

“Scoliosis,” Mwita said. “Curvature of the spine. It’s hereditary, but that doesn’t always explain it. Most common in girls, but boys get it, too.”

2018, Nnedi Okorafor, Who Fears Death, HarperVoyager, page 211:

(pathology) A condition in which there is abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.


cystic fibrosis

(pathology) An inherited condition in which the exocrine glands produce abnormally viscous mucus, causing chronic respiratory and digestive problems.


Marburg disease

(pathology) A viral, often fatal infection characterised by a high fever, encephalitis, diarrhea, vomiting, and severe bleeding from bodily orifices.


leader sequence

en-noun

leader sequence (plural leader sequences)

(genetics) The sequence at the 5' end of an mRNA molecule that is not translated into protein.


canthus

Borrowed from Latin canthus (“the tire of a wheel”).

bor+

the lowly East with its deer head (dark trace of long tear at inner canthus

I could sit here while the milk makes white shadows in its glass, while darkness mutters behind the window, and wait for a tear to show itself in the creased canthus of your eye.

2004, Andrew Sean Greer, The Confessions of Max Tivoli, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, page 263:

A ground electrode located between Fpz and Fz. The electro-oculogram (EOG) was recorded bipolarly from two electrodes placed at the outer canthi of the right eye and below the left eye.

2015 August 26, “Effects of Relaxing Music on Mental Fatigue Induced by a Continuous Performance Task: Behavioral and ERPs Evidence”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

corner of the eye
corner of the eye#Noun

(anatomy) Either corner of the eye, where the eyelids meet.


EMT

“I am an E.M.T., and I have a tourniquet!” she shouted as she neared the crowd. “Get back!”

2021 October 20, C. J. Chivers, “Fear on Cape Cod as Sharks Hunt Again”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

emergency medical technician
emergency medical technician#English

(emergency medicine) Initialism of emergency medical technician.


hypochondria

From New Latin hypochondria (the morbid condition so called, supposed to have its seat in the upper part of the abdomen), from hypochondrium (see English hypochondrium for more).

Coordinate term: hyperchondria

(medicine) A psychological disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.

Such labours as these, if they do not shorten life, are calculated to make it wretched, for hypochondria invariably follows close upon them.

1833, Richard Robert Madden, The Infirmities of Genius Illustrated by Referring the Anomalies in the Literary Character to the Habits and Constitutional Peculiarities of Men of Genius, page 96:

His own temperament appears to have been neither purely sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic, nor melancholic [...] not melancholy, since he is entirely free from hypochondria, thinks rapidly, and has an active will.

1845, Life of G. W. von Leibnitz. On the basis of the German work of ... G. E. Guhrauer, page 275:

Nux likewise corresponds to hypochondria caused by rich and excessive living. In general, Nux is the best remedy for hypochondria arising from a morbid condition of the abdominal nerves ; after dinner, the patients generally experience a feeling of malaise and langour.

1849, Franz Hartmann, Charles Julius Hempel, Theory of acute diseases, and their homoeopathic treatment, page 200:

(obsolete, medicine) Melancholy; depression.


hypochondrium

From New Latin hypochondrium, from Ancient Greek ὑποχόνδριον (hupokhóndrion, “the soft part of the body below the cartilage and above the navel”), from ὑπό (hupó, “below”) + χόνδρος (khóndros, “cartilage”).

der

(anatomy) The upper region of the abdomen, underneath the lower ribs, each side of the epigastrium.


hematopoiesis

en-noun

hematopoiesis (usually uncountable, plural hematopoieses)

(hematology, cytology) The process by which blood cells are produced.


chordee

From French (chaude-pisse) cordée (“corded (urethral discharge)”), ultimately from Latin chorda, from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “entrails, intestines”).

der

Enderby, blinking and squinting, noting that he had slept with his teeth in, wondering where he had put his contact lenses, was emboldened by morning chordee to say, ‘Oughtn’t you to come back to bed for a while?’

1963, Anthony Burgess, Inside Mr Enderby:

(medicine) An abnormal downward curve to the erect penis.


circumvallate

From Latin circumvallare, from circum- + vallum (“rampart”).

circumvallate papillae, near the base of the tongue

(anatomy) Surrounded by a ridge or elevation.


clonus

Borrowed from Latin clonus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κλόνος (klónos), meaning a "violent, confused motion."

(medicine) A muscular spasm with regular contractions.


body part

Eighteen of the Alzheimer elderly were able to identify at least ten body-parts.

1985, Experimental aging research, Volume 11

1997, Gerald Thorn, Phil Embleton, Encyclopedia of Bodybuilding
HEAVY DUTY The low-set, high-intensity system (1 to 3 sets per bodypart) was popularized by Dr. Arthur Jones, inventor of the Nautilus equipment.

Bodybuilders love to talk about their routines for this body part or that bodypart

2005, Lou Schuler, Alwyn Cosgrove, The new rules of lifting, page 27

The detached body part should be quickly irrigated to remove contaminants.

2010, Buck Tilton, Wilderness First Responder, page 107

(anatomy) Any part of an animal organism, such as an organ, limb or extremity.


extroversion

en-noun

extroversion (usually uncountable, plural extroversions)

From extrovert + -sion, a variant of extraversion popularized in psychology by Phyllis Blanchard's use of the variant (then nonstandard) spelling extrovert in her 1918 "Psycho-Analytic Study of August Comte".

In extroversion of the bladder the anterior part of this organ is more or less completely wanting.

1835, Robert Bentley Todd, editor, The Cyclopaedia of Anatomy and Physiology, volume I, page 391:

The state or quality of being extroverted or an extrovert, particularly:

(medicine) The condition of being inside out, especially in relation to the bladder.


extroverted

en-adj

extroverted (comparative more extroverted, superlative most extroverted)

more extroverted (comparative)
most extroverted (superlative)

/ɛkstɹəʊˈvəːtɪd/

/ˈɛkstɹəˌvəɹtɪd/

A variant spelling of extraverted. Popularized as a psychological term by Phyllis Blanchard's use of extrovert in her 1918 "Psycho-Analytic Study of August Comte".

...an extroverted bladder...

Turned or thrust outwards, especially:
(medicine) Synonym of inside-out.

Turned or thrust outwards, especially:
Synonym of inside-out.


comedo

Lying on, in, under her, I pore with squinnying eyes on a mole on that browngold rivercolour riverripple skin with its smell of sun, or else a tiny unsqueezed comedo by the flat and splaying nose.

1964, Anthony Burgess, Nothing Like the Sun:


epidural

epidural (comparative more epidural, superlative most epidural)

more epidural (comparative)
most epidural (superlative)

(anatomy, relational) Situated on or outside the dura mater.

Epidural anesthesia is commonly used for pain relief during childbirth.

(medicine, relational) Of or pertaining to the space immediately outside the dura mater.


epidural

For reasons I shan’t bore you with, I got them to induce me at 39 weeks, at 10am, with the epidural going in first, and it was all a dream. Until the baby went back to back and they very nicely pointed out that the epidural doesn’t deal with that pain.

2014 December 5, Marina Hyde, “Childbirth is as awful as it is magical, thanks to our postnatal ‘care’”, in The Guardian:

(medicine) An injection of anaesthetic into the epidural space of the spine, especially associated with pain relief during childbirth.


crural

From Latin crūrālis, from crūs (“leg”) (stem: crūr-).

(chiefly anatomy) Pertaining to the leg.


nephrology

(medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the function and diseases of the kidneys.

nefrologia

branch of medicine that deals with the kidneys

urology

both concern the urinary tract, but urology specializes in the structures downstream of the kidney


replicon

From replic(ate) + -on. From Latin replico.

During cell division there is a probability that either or both of the master replicons will misreplicate and one of the daughter cells will be missing a master copy.

1970, Michael Abercrombie, Jean Brachet, Thomas Joseph King, Advances in Morphogenesis - Volume 8, page 177:

(genetics) A DNA molecule or a region of DNA that replicates as an individual unit. A replicon may be, for instance, a chromosome, a plasmid or a phage.


reversion

en-noun

reversion (countable and uncountable, plural reversions)

/ɹɪˈvɜːʒ(ə)n̩/

/ɹɪˈvɜːʃ(ə)n̩/

Borrowed into late Middle English from Old French reversion (modern réversion), from Latin reversio, from revertō. By surface analysis, revert + -sion.

(genetics) The return of a genetic characteristic after a period of suppression.


regimen

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪ.mən/

From Middle English regimen, from Middle French regimen and its etymon, Latin regimen (“guidance, direction, government, rule”). Doublet of regime.

der

Seven or eight annual bloodings, and as many purgations — such was the common regimen the theory prescribed to ensure continuance of health[…]

...and, having an excellent constitution, regularly attributed any temporary ailment of her daughters to carelessness, for which she prescribed "water gruel, and keeping in bed," being certain that under so safe a regimen, "they would get well as soon as possible, and learn to keep well also."

1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter XLII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 229:

(medicine) Any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation.

диета

any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation

(medicine, dated) Diet; limitations on the food that one eats, for health reasons.


diastasis

From New Latin diastasis, from Ancient Greek διάστασις (diástasis, “separation, standing aloof”), from δια- (dia-) + στάσις (stásis, “standing”). Compare diastema.

(medicine) A separation between two parts, such as separation of a bone, without fracture.


pannus

Borrowed from Latin pannus (“cloth”). Doublet of pagne, pan, and pane.


doxy

I know one patient who couldn't take the tabs but could tolerate liquid doxy.

1996 May 7, Phyllis Mervine, “Re: Tetracycline”, in sci.med.diseases.lyme (Usenet):

(informal, pharmacology) Clipping of doxycycline.


STR

en-noun

STR (countable and uncountable, plural STRs)

These observations lead us to predict that structural genomic variants are as important as SNPs, short tandem repeats (STRs) and other small changes in their contribution to genome variation.

2006, Lars Feuk et al., “Structural variation in the human genome”, Nature, 7:85

We estimated that the following percentage of elements were correctly assembled: 95.4% of alpha satellites; 91.5% of human satellites 2 and 3; 97.7% of segmental duplications (SDs); 94.3% of variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs); 94.2% of short tandem repeats (STRs); and 98.8% of all human repeats²⁶.

2023 May 11, Wen-Wei LiaoMobin AsriJana Ebleret al., “A draft human pangenome reference”, in Nature, volume 617, →DOI, page 313:

short tandem repeat
short tandem repeat#English

(genetics) Initialism of short tandem repeat.


CNV

CNV (countable and uncountable, plural CNVs)

"During the past year alone, fast on the heels of two breakthrough studies, hundreds of submicroscopic copy-number variants (CNVs) and inversions have been described in the human genome."

2006, Lars Feuk et al., “Structural variation in the human genome”, in Nature, 7:85:

2006, Freeman et al., "Copy number variation: New insights into genome diversity" Genome Res 2006; 16: 949-61.
"DNA copy number variation has long been associated with specific chromosomal rearrangements and genomic disorders, but its ubiquity in mammalian genomes was not fully realized until recently. Although our understanding of the extent of this variation is still developing, it seems likely that, at least in humans, copy number variants (CNVs) account for a substantial amount of genetic variation."

copy-number variant
copy-number variant#English

copy number variation
copy number variation#English

(genetics) Initialism of copy-number variant, Initialism of copy number variation.

choroidal neovascularization
choroidal neovascularization#English

(ophthalmology) Initialism of choroidal neovascularization.


copy-number variant

copy-number variant (plural copy-number variants)

(genetics) A DNA sequence, 1000 nucleotides (or synonymously base pairs) in length or longer, that is present a variable number of times as copies in a genome relative to a reference genome.


eidetic

en-adj

eidetic (comparative more eidetic, superlative most eidetic)

more eidetic (comparative)
most eidetic (superlative)

From German eidetisch, from Ancient Greek εἰδητικός (eidētikós), from εἶδος (eîdos, “form”).

an eidetic memory

‘Funny that I should remember it? I have an eidetic memory for numbers, can't help

1979, Kyril Bonfiglioli, After You with the Pistol, Penguin, published 2001, page 276:

Eidetic images are pictures in the head. They are internal images that have the full force of conventional vision, but which are retained solely in the mind of the eidetiker.

Les Assassins’ M. Fortier and M. Broullime and some others of his comrades-on-wheels believed Remy Marathe to be eidetic, near-perfect in recall and detail.

1996, David Foster Wallace, Infinite Jest […], Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, page 127:

(neuroscience) Marked by or resulting from extraordinary ability to recall detailed and vivid mental images of visual images.

кристално ясен

pertaining to a memory of perfect clarity


arterioventricular

(anatomy) Of or relating to the spatial relationship or communication between the great arteries and the ventricles of the heart.

arterioventricular

relating to the arteries and the ventricles of the heart


cleft palate

(teratology) An abnormal condition in which the two plates of the skull that form the hard palate (roof of the mouth) are not completely joined.


soft palate

Coordinate term: hard palate

The part which is connected by a thin tendinous end to the tendinous membrane, that is extended above upon the soft palate, coming from the nostrils; and with that membrane seems to be inserted into the middle and posterior edge of the palate bones.

1754, Bernhard Siegfried, The Explanation of Albinus's Anatomical Figures of the Human Skeleton and Muscles:

(anatomy) The soft tissue at the back of the roof of the mouth.


toxic shock syndrome

en-noun

toxic shock syndrome (countable and uncountable, plural toxic shock syndromes)

From toxic + shock + syndrome. First appears in medical literature c. 1978.

(pathology) An acute infection caused by Staphylococcus bacteria, characterized by sudden high fever, muscle aches, joint pain, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, and fainting.


vagal

en-adj

vagal (comparative more vagal, superlative most vagal)

more vagal (comparative)
most vagal (superlative)

(anatomy) Of or relating to the vagus nerve.


hydrocephalus

en-noun

hydrocephalus (usually uncountable, plural hydrocephaluses or hydrocephali)

hydrocephaluses (plural)
hydrocephali (plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑδροκέφαλον (hudroképhalon).

bor

(medicine) A usually congenital condition in which an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cerebral ventricles causes enlargement of the skull and compression of the brain, destroying much of the neural tissue


occlusion

en-noun

occlusion (countable and uncountable, plural occlusions)

Borrowed from Late Latin occlūsiō, occlūsiōnis (“occluding, obstruction”), from the Classical Latin occlūdō (“I shut up or close up; I restrain”), from ob + claudō (“I shut or close”).

der

(medicine) Anything that obstructs or closes a vessel or canal.

(medicine, dentistry) The alignment of the teeth when upper and lower jaws are brought together.


adipocyte

(cytology) a type of cell, present in adipose tissue, where fat is stored as a source of energy


astrocyte

(neurology) A neuroglial cell, in the shape of a star, in the brain.


choanocyte

(cytology) any of the cells in sponges that contain a flagellum, and are used to control the movement of water


granulocyte

This is easily explained, because pathological cells that are only occasional wanderers into the free circulation, aside from the granulocyte group, probably all are "mononuclear" , "non-granular", and "large" , characteristics which, all authors agree, brand cells as belonging to the "large lymphocytes".

1908 September 7, Charles A. Elliott, “The atypical and large mononuclear cells of the blood”, in Quarterly Bulletin of the Northwestern University Medical School, volume 10, number 2, page 2:

(cytology, immunology) Any of various white blood cells that have granules in their cytoplasm.


hemocyte

(cytology) Any blood cell, especially that of an invertebrate


macrocyte

(hematology, cytology) an unusually large red blood cell that is associated with pernicious anemia