BMT

en-noun

BMT (countable and uncountable, plural BMTs)

We knew: People die during the first hundred days of a BMT. Although we would fly to Seattle together, a month later I might bring Jane home in a box—after the new marrow failed to engraft; after an unstoppable infection with no immune system; after liver failure when the new marrow attacked its stranger-body.

2005, Donald Hall, The Best Day the Worst Day: Life with Jane Kenyon, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN, page 102:

(medicine) Initialism of bone marrow transplant or bone marrow transplantation.


intron

It is a medium-sized gene, then, interrupted by five longish introns.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 138:

(genetics) A portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded.

内含子

genetics: portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing


sequela

sequela (plural sequelae or (archaic) sequelæ)

sequelae (plural)
sequelæ (archaic plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin sequēla (“aftermath, sequel; consequence, result”), from sequor (“to follow; to come or go after, pursue”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”)) + -ēla (suffix forming abstract nouns from verbs). Doublet of sequel.
The plural form is a learned borrowing from Latin sequēlae.

der

Complications: haematoma formation is a dangerous sequela of this operation, and careful drainage with polythene tubing was carried out.

1970, J[ames] G[raham] Ballard, “Princess Margaret’s Face Lift”, in The Atrocity Exhibition, revised edition, London: Flamingo, HarperCollinsPublishers, published 2001, →ISBN, page 178:

‘Ay, ay,’ said Stephen testily, ‘it is showy enough to look at, no doubt, but these are only the superficial sequelae. There is no essential lesion.’

1973, Patrick O’Brian, chapter 4, in H.M.S. Surprise, London: HarperCollinsPublishers for The Book People, →ISBN, page 69:

Although both acute PID and STIs may remain asymptomatic, some of their shared long-term sequelae are tubal factor infertility (TFI), salpingitis, and adhesions and scarring of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and surrounding peritoneal tissue. These sequelae have been further identified as factors potentially associated with EOC risk.

2023 December 11, Elizaveta Skarga, Heljä-Marja Surcel, Rudolf Kaaks, Tim Waterboer, Renée T Fortner, “Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Results From the Finnish Maternity Cohort”, in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, volume 228, number 11, →DOI, pages 1621–1629:

(medicine) Chiefly in the plural: a condition or disease which follows chronologically after an earlier one, being either partly or wholly caused by it, or made possible by it.


supinate

en-verb

supinate (third-person singular simple present supinates, present participle supinating, simple past and past participle supinated)

supinates (present singular third-person)
supinating (participle present)
supinated (participle past)
supinated (past)

pronate

antonym(s) of “to twist the forearm in a particular direction”

pronate

antonym(s) of “to twist the foot in a particular direction”

From Latin supīnō (“turn up, turn over”).

(transitive, anatomy) To twist the forearm so as to turn the palm of the hand backwards if the forearm is pointing up, upwards if the forearm is horizontal, or forwards if the arm is pointing down; to twist the forearm by contracting the biceps brachii; to twist the right forearm clockwise or the left forearm counterclockwise.

(transitive, anatomy) To twist the foot so the weight is on the outer edge.


contrecoup

Borrowed from French contrecoup, from contre (Latin contra) + coup a blow.

These injuries, known as contrecoup injuries, appear on the opposite side of the brain from the point of impact because the brain is flung against its own protective (or in this case not-so-protective) casing.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 79:

(pathology) A bruising of the brain caused by a blow, appearing on the opposite side to that on which the blow was struck.


akathisia

en-noun

akathisia (countable and uncountable, plural akathisias)

From a- + Ancient Greek κάθισις (káthisis, “sitting”) + -ia. See also κᾰθῐ́ζω (kăthĭ́zō, “to sit down”).

der

Haskowic first described this condition last November and applied the term "Akathisia" to it. The subject can seat himself and remain seated a few minutes, but then the contortions begin, and unless he gets up he suffers actual torture.

1903, American Medical Association, The Journal of the American Medical Association, volume 40, section 1, page 544:

Central Nervous System Effects: Neuromuscular (extrapyramidal) reactions: These are usually dosage-related and may be of three forms: (1) pseudoparkinsonism, (2) akathisia (motor restlessness), and (3) dystonias.

1973, Arthur Osol, Robertson Pratt, The United States Dispensatory, volume 27, J.B. Lippincott Company, page 305:

(medicine) A sensation of restlessness characterized by an inability to sit still/down or remain motionless/seated, arising from a subjective need or desire to move, often coinciding with the sensation of twitching of muscles, often as a side effect of psychiatric medications.


epiphenomenon

en-noun

epiphenomenon (plural epiphenomena or (nonstandard) epiphenomenons)

epiphenomena (plural)
epiphenomenons (nonstandard plural)

/ˌɛpɪfəˈnɒmɪnən/

/ˌɛpəfəˈnɑməˌnɑn/

/ˌɛpɪfəˈnɒmɪnə/

/ˌɛpəfəˈnɑmənə/

PIE word
 *h₁epi
From epi- (prefix meaning ‘above, on, over; in addition to’) + phenomenon. Phenomenon is derived from Late Latin phaenomenon (“appearance”), from Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon, “thing that appears in one’s view; appearance; phenomenon”), a noun use of the neuter singular form of φαινόμενος (phainómenos), the present middle or passive participle of φαίνω (phaínō, “to cause to appear; to reveal, show, uncover; to expound”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to glow with light, to shine”).
The plural epiphenomena is derived from epi- + phenomena.

der

EPIPHÆNOMENA, […] Signs in Diſeaſes which appear afterwards.

[1721, N[athan] Bailey, “EPIPHÆNOMENA”, in An Universal Etymological English Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Bell, J. Darby, […], →OCLC, column 2:

The appetite commonly remains little impaired, but it is conjoined with the fear of taking food. The tongue is generally clean, and the taste natural; a contrary state the author considers and denominates an epiphenomenon.

1820 February, “Art. V. Monographie des Dégénérations scirrheuses de l’Estomac. Par Frédéric Chardel, D.M. &c. A Paris, 1808. pp. 213. [book review]”, in [John Anderson], editor, The Quarterly Journal of Foreign Medicine and Surgery; and of the Sciences Connected with Them, volume II, number VI, London: […] [Anderson and Co.] for F. C. and J. Rivington, […], and J[ohn] Anderson, […], →OCLC, page 164:

In all cases, the presence of bile in the blood is a mere epiphænomenon, and therefore demands no special attention.

1845 April, Samuel G. White, “Clinical Lectures and Reports. Philadelphia Hospital. Saturday, January 4, 1845. Clinic of Professor [Robley] Dunglison.”, in Robert M. Huston, editor, The Medical Examiner, and Record of Medical Science, volume I (New Series; volume VIII overall), number IV, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lindsay & Blakiston, […], →OCLC, page 210:

In amenorrhœa, epistaxis is by no means unfrequent; and often relieves the anomalous symptoms, especially those referable to the encephalon, which are the results of the irregular hyperæmia thus induced. The same may be said of it as an epiphænomenon in febrile affections—inflammatory and adynamic,—of which conditions it is often an important symptom.

1848, Robley Dunglison, “Diseases of the Nose”, in The Practice of Medicine: A Treatise on Special Pathology and Therapeutics. […], 3rd edition, volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lea and Blanchard, →OCLC, book VII (Diseases of the Organs of the Senses), page 352:

If a lady patient comes to your office and complains of severe backache, weight in the rectum, and a general bearing down, as she will call it, and has leucorrhœa with dysmenorrhœa, nervous disturbances, lame and difficult locomotion, menorrhagia, dyspareunia, pelvic neuralgia, epigastric depression, gastric derangement, uterine colic or tenesmus, sterility and many other symptoms that are epiphænomena of their own, do not, I beg of you, sit up very late, looking for the indicated remedy, for most likely you have a perfect case of retroversion, which is producing all of these annoying symptoms, by creating congestion of the uterine body, obstructing the cervical canal, and causing pressure on the rectum, congestion of the ovaries, and reflex nervous manifestations.

1882 June, Phil Porter, “Stenosis of the Cervix Uteri”, in E. A. Lodge, Sen’r, editor, The American Observer Medical Monthly: […], volume IX (New Series; volume XIX overall), Detroit, Mich.: E. A. Lodge, Sen’r, […], →OCLC, page 280:

(pathology) A symptom that develops during the course of a disease that is not connected to the disease.


intolerance

en-noun

intolerance (countable and uncountable, plural intolerances)

From French intolérance, from Latin intolerantia.
Morphologically in- + tolerance.

lactose intolerance

(countable, medicine) Extreme sensitivity to a food or drug; of a food that is generally considered edible, an individual inability to digest it.

алергия

extreme sensitivity to a food or drug; allergy


infusion

infusion (countable and uncountable, plural infusions)

From Middle English infusioun, from Old French infusion, from Latin infusio, infusionem (“a pouring into, a wetting, a dyeing, a flow”), from infundo.

der

(medicine) The administration of liquid substances directly into a vein for medical purposes; perfusion.

nesteensiirto

medicine: the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein


adipose tissue

en-noun

adipose tissue (countable and uncountable, plural adipose tissues)

(anatomy) Connective tissue which stores fat, and which cushions and insulates the body.


alloplastic

(surgery) Any artificial material substituted for tissue grafts.


alloplastic

(surgery) Related to an alloplast or to alloplasty.


elephantiasis

elephantiasis (usually uncountable, plural elephantiases)

From Latin elephantiasis or directly from Ancient Greek ἐλεφᾰντῐ́ᾱσῐς (elephăntĭ́āsĭs).

bor

ἐλεφᾰντῐ́ᾱσῐς

(pathology) A complication of chronic filariasis, in which nematode worms block the lymphatic vessels, usually in the legs or scrotum, causing extreme enlargement of the infected area.

(pathology, obsolete) Synonym of leprosy.


carina

Borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”). Doublet of careen and carene.

(anatomy) Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge


pyxis

From Latin pyxis (“small box”). Doublet of box, piseog, and pyx.


re-entry

en-noun

re-entry (countable and uncountable, plural re-entries)

(physiology) The reactivation of (a region of) myocardial tissue by a single, returning impulse.


X chromosome

Named by Hermann Henking in 1890 from x (signifying the unknown) due to some baffling properties he had observed. The brief resemblance in the appearance of the X and Y chromosomes to the letters "X" and "Y" respectively during cell division is entirely coincidental.

(genetics) A mammalian sex chromosome. Cells of females have a pair of X chromosomes while cells of males have an X and a Y.


Y chromosome

Named by Nettie Stevens in 1905 using the next letter in sequence following the naming by Hermann Henking in 1890 of the X chromosome. The brief resemblance in the appearance of the X and Y chromosomes to the letters "X" and "Y" respectively during cell division is entirely coincidental.

(genetics) A mammalian sex chromosome, occurring only in male cells. Cells of females have a pair of X chromosomes while cells of males have an X and a Y.


X-chromosome

(genetics) Alternative spelling of X chromosome


Y-chromosome

(genetics) Alternative spelling of Y chromosome


xeroderma

xeroderma (countable and uncountable, plural xerodermas or xerodermata)

xerodermas (plural)
xerodermata (plural)

(pathology) Any of various skin diseases characterised by dry, hard, scaly skin, especially ichthyosis.

xéirideirme

pathology: any of various skin diseases characterised by dry hard scaly skin


sternutation

'Was that an echo?' said the Baronet, astonished at the sternutation which resounded from above; 'or' - drawing close to the adept, 'can it be the spirit you talked of, ridiculing our attempt upon his hidden treasures?'

1816, Sir Walter Scott, The Antiquary, Oxford University Press, published 2002, page 210:

(medicine, archaic) A sneeze; sneezing, especially as a symptom.


parenchyma

parenchyma (countable and uncountable, plural parenchymas or parenchymata)

parenchymas (plural)
parenchymata (plural)

/pəˈɹɛŋ.kɪm.ə/

From Ancient Greek παρέγχῠμα (parénkhŭma, “anything poured in beside”), from πᾰρᾰ- (pără-, “beside”) + ἔγχῠμα (énkhŭma, “instillation, content of a vessel”), given by the Greek anatomist Erasistratus to the peculiar substance of the lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen, as if formed separately by the veins that run into them.

af

Previously blood and air had been thought to mingle freely in the fleshy parenchyma of the lungs, but the microscope now revealed the membranous alveoli at the ends of the tracheo-bronchial ramifications.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 217:

(anatomy) The functional tissue of an organ as distinguished from the connective and supporting tissue.

պարենքիմ

functional part of an organ, as opposed to supporting tissue


homeostatic

Multicellular organisms require a homeostatic internal environment in order to live.

Sleep, rest, food and sex provide restorative homeostatic experiences that return consciousness to order after the needs of the body intrude and cause psychic entropy to occur.

1992, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Flow, Rider, published 2002, →ISBN, page 46:

(biology, physiology) Of or pertaining to homeostasis.


herpes

en-noun

herpes (countable and uncountable, plural herpeses)

From Latin herpēs, from Ancient Greek ἕρπης (hérpēs, “herpes”, literally “a creeping”), from ἕρπειν (hérpein, “to creep”).

uder

This, of course, is something only people with that STI would know. For example, herpes is 437737.

2017 June 24, Arti Patel, “Dating with an STI: 7 ways to navigate the (often harsh) dating world”, in Global News:

(medicine) A viral infection, caused by Human alphaherpesvirus 1 and Human alphaherpesvirus 2, marked by painful, watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes or on the genitals.

herpetology

the branch of biology dealing with reptiles and amphibians


riff

From Middle English *rif (found only in midrif), from Old English hrif (“the belly; womb”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrif, from Proto-Germanic *hrefaz (“body; torso; belly”), from Proto-Indo-European *krep- (“body”). Distant doublet of corpus, corpse, and corse.

inh

(anatomy, archaic) The belly; the bowels.


euryopia

(pathology) A condition in which the eyes are open abnormally wide.


endophenotype

(genetics) any hereditary characteristic that is normally associated with some condition but is not a direct symptom of that condition


epispastic

en-adj

epispastic (comparative more epispastic, superlative most epispastic)

more epispastic (comparative)
most epispastic (superlative)

Old Postle says this: "Cantharides when used internally are diuretic and stimulant; when applied externally they are epispastic and rubefacient." Now what the devil can he mean, eh?

(medicine, now rare) Causing blisters; vesicant.


morbidly obese

morbidly obese (comparative more morbidly obese, superlative most morbidly obese)

more morbidly obese (comparative)
most morbidly obese (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-morbidly obese.wav

(pathology) Obese to an extent that is life-threatening.


-plasty

From Ancient Greek πλαστός (plastós, “molded, formed”).

der

(surgery) Repair or restoration of a part or function.


tearing

(medicine) continuous shedding of tears; epiphora


subclinical

Some conditions may remain subclinical until they resolve without intervention, whereas others worsen from subclinical to clinical status.

physical examination
physical examination

(medicine, of a disease or injury) Without signs and symptoms that are detectable by physical examination or laboratory test; not clinically manifest.

(medicine, in diagnosis) Where some criteria are met but not enough to reach the status of a clinical diagnosis.

Off-label use of certain drugs at subclinical dosages has been a theme in realms of activity such as metabolic optimization, weight loss, body hacking, and neurohacking (e.g., nootropics); such drugs include metformin, beta-blockers, and others.

(medicine, of a dosage) Less than is needed for clinical reasons.


pacemaker

→ Danish: pacemaker

→ Swedish: pacemaker

natural pacemaker

cardiac pacemaker

(anatomy) A set of nerves which stimulate the heart to beat.

artificial pacemaker

(by extension, medicine) A medical implement that is used to stimulate a heart to beat by simulating the action of the natural pacemaker.


intubate

en-verb

intubate (third-person singular simple present intubates, present participle intubating, simple past and past participle intubated)

intubates (present singular third-person)
intubating (participle present)
intubated (participle past)
intubated (past)

From in- + tube + -ate (verb-forming suffix). First appears c. 1612 in the publications of Simon Sturtevant.

The doctor is about to intubate the patient's trachea.

you have no right to withhold it, unless you intubate. Intubation of the larynx I have never tried, but I have a tube ready in my office ever since I read an article on it a short time ago

1886 July 6, J. K. White, “HINTS IN PRACTICE”, in Canadian Practitioner:

(transitive, medicine) To insert a tube into.


blocker

→ Polish: bloker, blokers

From Middle English blocker, blokker, bloker, blokkere, equivalent to block + -er.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-blocker.wav

Blockers can optimize the development of preferred physical characteristics. In trans girls, blockers initiated prior to the development of male secondary sex characteristics will effectively prevent voice deepening, skeletal enlargement, and penile enlargement.

2014, Laura Erickson-Schroth, Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 443:

Agent noun of block (“obstruct or prevent”); something that blocks something else.

(biology, medicine) Any of various medications that block (inhibit) the activity of a chemical messenger or its receptors, such as cardiac conduction modifiers (e.g., alpha-blockers), gastric acid inhibitors (H₂ histamine blockers), puberty blockers, and others.


M&M

M&M meeting

(medicine) Initialism of morbidity and mortality.


monoclonal

(immunochemistry) something produced from a single clone, especially a monoclonal antibody


monoclonal antibody

en-noun

monoclonal antibody (plural monoclonal antibodies)

(medicine) A protein genetically engineered from a single clone of a B cell, especially one produced by fusion with a tumor cell and intended for use as a drug.


B cell

Mature B cells produce complex proteins called immunoglobins which combine to form antibodies, each capable of binding to a specific molecular structure.

2011, Terence Allen, Graham Cowling, The Cell: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 89:

(immunology) A lymphocyte, developed in the bursa of birds and the bone marrow of other animals, that produces antibodies and is co-responsible for the immune system.

B-cell

especially when used in attributive position

leucocyte = leukocyte = white blood cell = WBC > agranulocyte > lymphocyte


T cell

(immunology) A lymphocyte, from the thymus, that can recognise specific antigens and can activate or deactivate other immune cells.

cèl·lula T

lymphocyte that can recognise specific antigens and can activate or deactivate other immune cells


agonistic monoclonal antibody

agonistic monoclonal antibody (plural agonistic monoclonal antibodies)

agonistic monoclonal antibodies (plural)

(immunology) A monoclonal antibody that aims to boost the human immune system either to fight infection or cancer.


carphologia

(medicine, rare) picking at bedding and clothing, or at the lips, or of perceived invisible objects


arytenoid

/ˌæɹ.əˈtiˌnɔɪd/

/əˈɹɪt.n̩ˌɔɪd/

Borrowed from New Latin arytaenoīdēs (“ladle-shaped”), from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρῠταινοειδής (ărŭtainoeidḗs), from ᾰ̓ρύ̆ταινᾰ (ărú̆taină, “a ladle or cup”) + -ο- (-o-) + -ειδής (-eidḗs, “-like, -oid”).

bor

ᾰ̓ρῠταινοειδής

af

(anatomy) Relating to or being an arytenoid cartilage.

(anatomy) Relating to or being an arytenoid muscle.


arytenoid

/ˌæɹ.əˈtiˌnɔɪd/

/əˈɹɪt.n̩ˌɔɪd/

bor

ᾰ̓ρῠταινοειδής

arytenoid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of arytenoid cartilage..

arytenoid muscle
arytenoid muscle#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of arytenoid muscle..


abscessed

en-adj

abscessed (comparative more abscessed, superlative most abscessed)

more abscessed (comparative)
most abscessed (superlative)

The sore was abscessed and filled with pus.

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press


thalidomide

en-noun

thalidomide (countable and uncountable, plural thalidomides)

/θəˈlɪdəˌmaɪd/

From (ph)thal(ic acid) + (im)ido + (i)mide.

I have tried all the medium and short acting non-barbiturate sedatives since the war (including thalidomide) but they don’t work and I don’t trust the newfangled long acting, “safe” analgesics.

1988, E[dward] J[ames] Moran Campbell, Not Always on the Level, [London]: British Medical Journal, →ISBN, page 194:

I can't stand to see your thalidomide robot face

2001, “Left Behind”, performed by Slipknot:

(pharmacology) A drug sold during the late 1950s and early 1960s as a sleeping aid, and to pregnant women as an antiemetic to combat morning sickness and other symptoms, but withdrawn as causing severe birth defects, such as phocomelia; currently used to treat leprosy.


xiphocostal

(anatomy) Pertaining to the xiphoid process and the ribs.


isochromosome

(cytology) An abnormal chromosome in which one arm has been lost and replaced with an exact copy of the other arm.


olfactory

From Latin olfactus (“an act of smelling; the sense of smell”) + -ory, from olfaciō (“to sniff, smell, scent”) + -tus (action noun suffix).

af

(anatomy, zootomy) Ellipsis of olfactory organ.


occlusive ileus

(pathology) A condition in which the intestines become completely blocked or occluded.


melancholia

en-noun

melancholia (countable and uncountable, plural melancholias)

From Late Latin melancholia, which was in turn borrowed from the Ancient Greek medical term μελαγχολία (melankholía, “blackness of the bile”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Doublet of melancholy.

(pathology) depression, characterised by irrational fears, guilt and apathy


purging

purging (countable and uncountable, plural purgings)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-purging.wav

From Middle English purgynge; equivalent to purge + -ing.

The removal of waste from the human body, particularly:

(medicine) The removal of digested waste: defecation; defecation induced by laxatives.

He had violent pains in his belly, and purgings...

1849, The Journal of Health and Disease, page 98:

(chiefly medicine) Vomiting; vomiting induced by purgatives.


sanies

sanies (countable and uncountable, plural sanies)

(medicine) a thin mixture of pus and blood serum discharged from a wound; ichor


puerperal fever

puerperal fever (countable and uncountable, plural puerperal fevers)

It was the rise of penicillin, not improved hygiene, that finally conquered puerperal fever.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 344:

(pathology, obstetrics) A fever, following childbirth or abortion, due to infection of the uterus.


repeater

(medicine) A patient who repeatedly presents with the same symptoms.


retriever

(surgery) A tool for retrieving materials from the body after an operation.


diff

CBC with diff

Hemoccult emesis and stool, CBC with diff, PT/PTT, type and cross for PRBCs.

2006, “Gastroenterology: Esophageal Varices”, in Steven E. Diaz, The Little Black Book of Emergency Medicine (Jones and Bartlett's Little Black Book Series), 2nd edition, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, →ISBN, page 103:

complete blood count
complete blood count

(medicine) Abbreviation of differential: differential of types of white blood cell in a complete blood count.


-agogue

From Ancient Greek ἀγωγός (agōgós, “leading”), from ἄγω (ágō, “I lead”).

der

Something that leads to something else, as:

(biology, medicine) Something that stimulates a flow such as secretion or circulation.


-ant

From Middle English -ant, -aunt, partly from Old French -ant, from Latin -āns; and partly (in adjectival derivations) continuing Middle English -ant, a variant of -and, -end, from Old English -ende (present participle ending), see -and.

inh

serve → servant

(now sciences, chiefly medicine) The agent noun derived from verb.


scarlatina

en-noun

scarlatina (usually uncountable, plural scarlatinas)


respirocyte

(hematology) An artificial red blood cell manufactured using nanotechnology.


febrifuge

From French fébrifuge, from Latin febrifugus. Doublet of feverfew. Source of -fuge.

...therein it differs not from the mode of operation, which we observe in the famous peruvian febrifuge.

1734, William Stukeley, Of the Gout, J. Roberts, page 19:

Ah, my boy, you forget the card index! Librarians invented that soothing device for the febrifuge of their souls...

1919, Christopher Morley, The Haunted Bookshop, New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers, →OCLC, page 20:

And, by goodness, the door was ajar into the hall, for Constance had slipped out to the nearest pharmacy in search of a febrifuge for her fever-bound lover.

1983, Lawrence Durrell, Sebastian (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 2004, page 1131:

(pharmacology) Synonym of antipyretic (“a fever-reducing medication”)


antipyretic

/ˌæntɪpaɪˈɹɛtɪk/

The antipyretic action of AVP is limited mainly to its action in a precise location in the ventral septum, though there is some evidence for a similar action in the medial amygdala.

1999, Otto Appenzeller, The Autonomic Nervous System, →ISBN, page 486:

Hailed as a general remedy against fevers, it spurred hot debate among seventeenth-century medical professionals, especially in England. The bark, which includes among other active ingredients quinine, has a mild antipyretic effect and a far stronger impact in cases of malaria.

2001, Margaret Humphreys, Malaria: Poverty, Race, and Public Health in the United States:


antipyretic

/ˌæntɪpaɪˈɹɛtɪk/

(pharmacology) A medicine that reduces fever; a febrifuge.


carotid

Borrowed from French carotide or New Latin carōtides, from Ancient Greek κᾰρωτῐ́δες (kărōtĭ́des, “carotid arteries”), from κᾰρόω (kăróō, “to plunge into deep sleep or torpor”) + -τῐ́δες (-tĭ́des, plural nominal suffix), from the fact that the carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, and interruption of this flow causes loss of consciousness.

af

brachiocephalic artery
brachiocephalic artery

(anatomy) Either of the two main arteries that supply blood to the head of which the left in humans arises from the arch of the aorta and the right by bifurcation of the brachiocephalic artery with each passing up the side of the neck and dividing opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage into an external branch supplying the face, tongue, and external parts of the head and an internal branch supplying the brain, eye, and other internal parts of the head.


carotid

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the carotid artery.


mitochondrial DNA

en-noun

mitochondrial DNA (countable and uncountable, plural mitochondrial DNAs)

(genetics) The genetic material, typically inherited from one's mother, contained within the mitochondria of each of one's cells.


-caine

From German -kain, extracted from the word Kokain (“cocaine”), because cocaine was formerly used as a local anaesthetic.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic alkaloid used as a local anesthetic.

-caïne

a synthetic alkaloid used as a local anesthetic


-cele

From Ancient Greek κήλη (kḗlē, “tumour”; especially “hernia”) (cognate to Serbo-Croatian кила (“hernia”)).


dialysis

en-noun

dialysis (countable and uncountable, plural dialyses)

Dated in the late 16th century C.E.; from Latin dialysis, from Ancient Greek διάλυσις (diálusis). By surface analysis, dia- + -lysis.

Coordinate term: artificial kidney

An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

(medicine) Use of this method for removal of waste products from the blood in the case of kidney failure: hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

диализа

medicine: artificial removal of waste products from the blood


blockage

blockage (countable and uncountable, plural blockages)

blockade

nearly synonymous, but not interchangeably; blockade usually denotes human agency

Blockage of circulation quickly leads to ischemia.

In selected cases, endovascular thrombectomy can quickly remove a blockage that pharmaceutical thrombolysis can't budge.

(biology, medicine) Occlusion of a lumen (especially that of a blood vessel or intestine), or the thing that is causing it; as:

Synonym of thrombosis, synonym of thromboembolism, or synonym of embolism.

Synonym of constipation (“impairment of feces passage”).


hemodialysis

hemodialysis (countable and uncountable, plural hemodialyses)

From Ancient Greek αἱμο- (haimo-, “blood”) + διάλυσις (diálusis, “separation, dissolution”), from διαλύω (dialúō, “I separate”), from διά (diá, “through”) + λύω (lúō, “I loose”). By surface analysis, hemo- + dialysis.

compound

(medicine) Dialysis that uses an extracorporeal apparatus to remove waste products from the blood in the case of kidney failure.


cilium

It is the deeper parts of such cells which give rise to delicate muscular fibres or networks of fibres, while the superficially placed body of the cell myoblast), the part which produces the above, performs other functions, and usually bears a cilium.

1892, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Claus, edited by F. G. Heathcote, Elementary Text-book of Zoology:

The clockwise beating of cilia results in a net flow of extraembryonic fluid leftwards […]

2006, Manfred Schliwa, Molecular Motors, page 359:

(cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.

ресна

hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell


delirium

en-noun

delirium (countable and uncountable, plural deliriums or deliria)

Borrowed from Latin dēlīrium (“derangement, madness”).

The popular delirium [of the French Revolution] at first caught his enthusiastic mind.

1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], Tales of a Traveller, (please specify |part=1 to 4), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC:

Better to decay in absolute delirium, than to be the victim of the methodical unreason of ill-bestowed love.

1826, [Mary Shelley], The Last Man. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:

The evening wore away, and the long grass was silvery with dew; the consequence was what might have been expected,—next day, he was laid up with a violent cold; and the fever soon ran so high, that delirium came on; and before three days were past, his life hung upon a thread.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Return to Courtenaye Hall”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 149:

the delirium of the preceding session (of Parliament)

(medicine) A temporary mental state with a sudden onset, usually reversible, including symptoms of confusion, inability to concentrate, disorientation, anxiety, and sometimes hallucinations. Causes can include dehydration, drug intoxication, and severe infection.


ACL

Mark Zuckerberg shares photos from the hospital after undergoing knee surgery for a torn ACL suffered during MMA training.

2023 November 4, “Mark Zuckerberg tears ACL while training for MMA fight early next year”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

anterior cruciate ligament
anterior cruciate ligament#English

(anatomy) Initialism of anterior cruciate ligament.

He's having a pretty good year, coming off of an ACL.


presymptomatic

(medicine) relating to the early stages of a disease, before all symptoms have developed and therefore accurate diagnosis is not possible

presymptomatický

relating to disease stage before symptoms get developed


-cephaly

From French -céphalie, German -zephalie, or Latin -cephalia, from Ancient Greek κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”) and a suffix: French -ie, German -ie, or Latin -ia.


xerotic

en-adj

xerotic (comparative more xerotic, superlative most xerotic)

more xerotic (comparative)
most xerotic (superlative)


xerosis

en-noun

xerosis (countable and uncountable, plural xeroses)

Xerosis is a consequence of the skin's loss of natural moisturizing factors and loss of moisture from the stratum corneum and intercellular matrix (Hill, 2008).

2015, Ruth Bryant, Denise Nix, Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts, page 271:


gavage

Borrowed from French gavage, from gaver (“to stuff or cram”).

(medicine) Feeding by means of a tube passed into the stomach

gavage

feeding by means of a tube passed into the stomach


racemose

From Latin racēmōsus (“full of clusters”), from racēmus (“cluster, bunch”).

(pathology, of a disease) expressing such a pattern


lacertus

From Late Latin lacertus (“muscle”), from Classical Latin lacertus (“upper arm”), possibly from lacerta (“lizard”). For the semantics, compare muscle from mūsculus (“little mouse”), derived from a supposed resemblance to little mice.

(anatomy) A bundle or fascicle of muscular fibres.


X-junction

Linear molecules containing the same sequences are not bound, and one X-junction successfully competes with another for binding whereas linear duplexes do not compete.

1998, Jac A. Nickoloff, Merl F. Hoekstra, DNA Damage and Repair: Volume I: DNA Repair in Prokaryotes and Lower Eukaryotes, page 197:

(genetics) A non-linear strand of DNA where certain cruciform binding proteins can compete for binding.


endo

endo (countable and uncountable, plural endos)

Clippings, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἔνδον (éndon, “inner; internal”). Compare the prefix endo-.

der

(uncountable, medicine, informal) Clipping of endocrinology.

Since my endo did not practice at the hospital I delivered at, I did not have the oversight I needed to adjust my fluctuating sugars […]

2010, Cheryl Alkon, Balancing Pregnancy with Pre-existing Diabetes, page 150:

(countable, medicine, informal) Clipping of endocrinologist.

Endo Days is a self-described cabaret, comedy and “singing support group”. Libby Trainor Parker, a festival weekly award winner, highlights the reality of comfy pyjamas, wheat bags and suppositories for women living with endo.

2021 March 15, Kylie Maslen, “The conversation about endometriosis and invisible illness has finally reached the arts”, in The Guardian:

(uncountable, medicine, informal) Clipping of endometriosis.

I question dentists about the services they actually provide in their offices. Do you do crown and bridge and restorative dentistry? “Of course.” Do you do endodontics? “No, I never really liked endo.”

2022 August 19, Louis Malcmacher, “Learn something new: Incorporating Botox and dermal fillers into your practice”, in Dental Economics:

(countable, dentistry, informal) Clipping of endodontics.

Supraeruption happens. Gingival inflammation happens. Pulpal inflammation happens. Traditionally, we can “work through” these problems. We can grind crowns into place. We anesthetize and use hemostatics on the gingiva. We do endos. But we shouldn’t have to do those things, especially with digital dentistry.

2021 October 25, Joshua Austin, “Pearls for Your Practice: 3-Day Polished Zirconia Crowns by 38 Smiles Dental Lab”, in Dental Economics:

(countable, dentistry, informal) Clipping of endodontic treatment.


tramadol

From trama (“fleshy portion of a basidiocarp”) + -adol (“analgesic”).

af

A nod from Rhona as she popped two tramadol and lay down on the couch again.

2021, Jenni Fagan, Luckenbooth, William Heinemann, page 247:

(pharmacology) A synthetic opioid analgesic administered orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₆H₂₅NO₂·HCl to treat moderate to severe pain.


lacteal

en-adj

lacteal (comparative more lacteal, superlative most lacteal)

more lacteal (comparative)
most lacteal (superlative)

lacteal ducts in the breasts


lacteal

These ‘veins’ must have been the lacteals or chyle-vessels, whose function was explained by Aselli some two thousand years later.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 65:

(physiology, chiefly in the plural) Each of the lymphatic vessels which convey chyle from the mesentery to the thoracic duct.


radiosterilization

(medicine) The sterilization (either of an organism, or a surgical implement) by ionizing radiation such as X-rays or gamma rays.


pheresis

en-noun

pheresis (countable and uncountable, plural phereses)

(medicine, linguistics) Synonym of apheresis


abulia

abulia (countable and uncountable, plural abulias)

From New Latin abūlia, from Ancient Greek ἀβουλία (aboulía, “irresolution”), from ἀ- (a-, “without”) + βουλή (boulḗ, “will”).

der

He felt without volition, plunged into a state of aboulia.

1969, John Fowles, The French Lieutenant's Woman:

His virginal modesty is a modern abulia.

(psychiatry) Absence of willpower or decisiveness, especially as a symptom of mental illness.


arsphenamine

en-noun

arsphenamine (countable and uncountable, plural arsphenamines)

2001: The 606th compound was one that contained arsenic and was called arsphenamine. — Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford 2001, p. 9)

(pharmacology, organic chemistry) A phenolic amine derivative of arsenic that was used to treat syphilis (under the trade name of Salvarsan).

arsfenamina

a phenolic amine derivative of arsenic that was used to treat syphilis


lymphoid

(anatomy) Relating to, or found within the lymphatic system of the body


lavage

en-verb

lavage (third-person singular simple present lavages, present participle lavaging, simple past and past participle lavaged)

lavages (present singular third-person)
lavaging (participle present)
lavaged (participle past)
lavaged (past)


latency

en-noun

latency (countable and uncountable, plural latencies)

lag

not physics- or electronic gaming-related

(medicine) The delay between a stimulus and the response it triggers in an organism.

Latenzmechanismus

delay between a stimulus and the response in an organism


listeriosis

listeriosis (countable and uncountable, plural listerioses)

Listeria monocytogenes
Listeria monocytogenes#Translingual

(medicine) An infectious disease of humans and animals caused by the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii, often through contaminated food.

listeriosi

disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes


cholestyramine

cholestyramine (countable and uncountable, plural cholestyramines)

(pharmacology) The United States Adopted Name of colestyramine.


clomipramine

obsessive-compulsive disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder

(pharmacology) A tricyclic, heterocyclic drug used to treat depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder.


desipramine

desipramine (countable and uncountable, plural desipramines)

(pharmacology) A tricyclic antidepressant C₁₈H₂₂N₂.


dextroamphetamine

dextroamphetamine (countable and uncountable, plural dextroamphetamines)

central nervous system
central nervous system

(pharmacology) One of the stereoisomers of amphetamine, with the chemical formula C₉H₁₃N, that is used to stimulate the central nervous system.


ergotamine

ergotamine (countable and uncountable, plural ergotamines)

/ɜːˈɡɒtəmiːn/

Borrowed from German Ergotamin, corresponding to ergot + -amine.

(organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology) An alkaloid, extracted from ergot, that causes constriction of blood vessels and has been used to treat migraine; it is related to lysergic acid.


dietary supplement

dietary supplement (plural dietary supplements)

(medicine) Any substance, such as a vitamin or mineral, taken as a supplement to food to replace nutrients that would otherwise be missing in a person's diet.

膳食補充劑 /膳食补充剂

substance taken as a supplement to food to replace nutrients


painkiller

While taking one pill and dying is rare, dying accidentally after using painkillers inappropriately is common. […] The prescription painkiller Emily Jackson took is a respiratory depressant that slows breathing. That in combination with the alcohol, another respiratory depressant, overwhelmed her brain, which stopped giving her heart and lungs the signal to keep functioning.

2012 November 15, Maxwell Newfield, “Prescription drug deaths: Two stories”, in CNN:

(pharmacology) A drug that numbs the pain in the body.


overbite

(dentistry) A malocclusion in which the upper teeth extend over the lower ones.


expectant

en-adj

expectant (comparative more expectant, superlative most expectant)

more expectant (comparative)
most expectant (superlative)

From Old French expectant, from Latin expectans.

(medicine, dated) Awaiting the effects of nature, with little active treatment.


blueline

en-verb

blueline (third-person singular simple present bluelines, present participle bluelining, simple past and past participle bluelined)

bluelines (present singular third-person)
bluelining (participle present)
bluelined (participle past)
bluelined (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-blueline.wav

Bone removal was continued in order to "blueline" the vestibule and then extended superiorly over the vestibule until Bill's bar was exposed.

1988, Transactions of the American Otological Society - Volume 76, page 95:

After bluelining, the bony endostium is opened with a 90°-degree microhook; care must be taken to avoid suction of the perilymph; the membranous canal comes into view

1998, Michel Portmann, Didier Portmann, Otologic Surgery: Manual of Oto-surgical Techniques, page 208:

The lateral canal is first bluelined, then opened with a cutting burr.

2001, Newton J. Coker, Herman A. Jenkins, Atlas of Otologic Surgery, page 456:

Although this technique avoids the retrograde dissection of the facial nerve through the geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine segment, the obvious disadvantage of bluelining is that it carries a risk of fenestrating the superior semicircular canal.

2012, Fred F. Telischi, Jacques Morcos, Vestibular Schwannoma:

(surgery) To mark on a patient's body where the surgical incision is to be made.


glans penis

en-noun

glans penis (plural glans penises or glandes penis or glandes penium or (misconstruction) glans penes or (misconstruction) glandes penes)

glans penises (plural)
glandes penis (plural)
glandes penium (plural)
glans penes (misconstruction plural)
glandes penes (misconstruction plural)

From New Latin glāns pēnis (“glans of the penis”), pēnis being a genitive.

der

Holonym: penis

Meronym: corona glandis penis

Comeronyms: corpus cavernosum penis, praeputium penis

Coordinate term: glans clitoridis

(anatomy) A conical vascularized body forming the extremity of the penis.


pronated

pronated grip

(anatomy) Having one’s hand rotated so that the palm faces the same direction as the knob of the elbow.

(anatomy) Having one's foot twisted so that if walking, the weight would be borne on the inner edge of the foot.


supinated

supinated grip

(anatomy) Having one's hand and forearm rotated so that the palm faces in the same direction as the interior angle of the elbow, thereby contracting the biceps brachii.

(anatomy) Having one's foot twisted so that if walking, the weight would be borne on the outer edge of the foot.


hyoscyamine

From Latin hyoscyamus (“henbane”) + -ine.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A poisonous alkaloid present in henbane that is the stereoisomer of atropine, with similar properties to hyoscine, and used medicinally to treat abdominal pain and similar conditions.


imipramine

en-noun

imipramine (countable and uncountable, plural imipramines)

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound (trademark Tofranil) used to treat depression.


methenamine

methenamine (countable and uncountable, plural methenamines)

(pharmacology) The compound hexamethylenetetramine when used as a urinary antiseptic.

methenamine silver
methenamine silver#English

(pathology) Synonym of methenamine silver.


penicillamine

penicillamine (countable and uncountable, plural penicillamines)

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A crystalline, sulfur-containing amino acid produced by the hydrolysis of penicillins, used pharmacologically as a chelating agent to remove heavy metals such as copper from the body, and as an anti-inflammatory agent, especially for rheumatoid arthritis; 2-amino-3-methyl-3-mercaptobutanoic acid, (CH₃)₂C(SH)CH(NH₂)COOH.


phenoxybenzamine

(pharmacology) A drug that blocks the activity of alpha-receptors and is used in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₈H₂₂ClNO·HCl especially to treat hypertension and sweating due to pheochromocytoma.


phentolamine

phentolamine (usually uncountable, plural phentolamines)

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound used as a vasodilator, especially in certain cases of hypertension.


phenylpropanolamine

phenylpropanolamine (countable and uncountable, plural phenylpropanolamines)

Oxymetazoline or phenylpropanolamine / to open up the sinuses and such / Then try to recoup with a little chicken soup / Call your mother cause it pays to keep in touch

1997, “The Druggist”, Joel Mabus (music):

(pharmacology) An adrenergic drug used to relieve allergic reactions, to treat respiratory infections and to suppress the appetite.


pyrimethamine

pyrimethamine (countable and uncountable, plural pyrimethamines)

/ˌpɪɹ.ɪˈmɛθ.əˌmin/

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound derived from pyrimidine, acting as a folic acid antagonist and used in the chemoprophylaxis or treatment of malaria and in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.


scopolamine

scopolamine (countable and uncountable, plural scopolamines)

Borrowed from German Skopolamin, from translingual Scopolia (“genus of plants”) + German Amin (“amine”).

af

I had been shot full of dope to keep me quiet. Perhaps scopolamine too, to make me talk.

1940, Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, Penguin, published 2010, page 176:

The Incas had herbs for headaches and other pains; and they used scopolamine, a poison from the datura plant, as an anaesthetic.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 159:

Scopolamine is a nonselective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist with potentially selective inhibitory actions on muscarinic subtypes 1 and 2 (M1 and M2). Unlike ketamine, esketamine, and nitrous oxide, scopolamine directly affects the cholinergic pathway but does not directly modulate the glutamatergic pathway.

2019, Madhukar H. Trivedi, editor, Depression, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 228:

(pharmacology) A poisonous alkaloid C₁₇H₂₁NO₄ similar to atropine that is found in various solanaceous plants and is used for its anticholinergic effects (such as preventing nausea in motion sickness and inducing mydriasis).


sibutramine

(pharmacology) A synthetic drug used to suppress appetite in the treatment of obesity.


tryptamine

en-noun

tryptamine (countable and uncountable, plural tryptamines)

By surface analysis, tryptophan + amine.

(countable, medicine) Any of a class of neurotransmitters and psychedelic drugs derived from this compound.


vasculitis

vasculitis (countable and uncountable, plural vasculitises or vasculitides)

vasculitises (plural)
vasculitides (plural)

(pathology) A group of diseases featuring inflammation of the wall of blood vessels.


silencer

(genetics) Something that prevents gene expression

Something that silences
Something that prevents gene expression


heterogenic

(genetics) Of or relating to the genes of different species.


immunogenicity

immunogenicity (countable and uncountable, plural immunogenicities)

One of the first examples of the immunogenicity of recombinantly derived antibodies was with murine anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (OKT3) used in the induction of immunosupression after organ transplantation.

2002, Gilbert S. Banker, Christopher T. Rhodes, Modern Pharmaceutics, 4th edition, Informa Health Care, →ISBN, page 699:

(immunology) The ability of a particular substance to provoke an immune response.


stricture

stricture (countable and uncountable, plural strictures)

/ˈstɹɪkt͡ʃə/

/ˈstɹɪkt͡ʃəɹ/

Borrowed from Late Latin strictūra, from Latin strictus.

Even in the brief moment of his entrance into the magnificence of Anthony Harding's home he had felt a strange little stricture of the throat—a choking, half-suffocating sensation.

1914 October – 1916 July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter XVIII, in The Mucker, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., published 31 October 1921, →OCLC:

(medicine) Abnormal narrowing of a canal or duct in the body.

تَضَيُّق

(medicine) abnormal narrowing of a canal or duct in the body


lysosome

(cytology) An organelle found in all types of animal cells which contains a large range of digestive enzymes capable of splitting most biological macromolecules.


repeat unit

(genetics) A specific sequence of bases that repeats within a nucleic acid (or of amino acids within a protein)


no man's land

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-no man's land.wav

Originally from Middle English Nomanneslond, which first appears c. 1350. Revived with new senses in a dispatch printed in the Times newspaper by Colonel Ernest Dunlop Swinton writing as "Eyewitness".

(medicine, anatomy) The fibrous sheath of the flexor tendons of the hand, specifically in the zone from the distal palmar crease to the proximal interphalangeal joint.


thiabendazole

thiabendazoles (plural)
TBZ (abbreviation)

/ˌθʌɪ.əˈbɛn.də.zəʊl/

(medicine, pharmacology) A synthetic compound with anthelmintic properties, derived from thiazole and used chiefly to treat infestation with intestinal nematodes.


natamycin

From translingual nata(lensis) + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An antifungal drug from Streptomyces natalensis, used to treat ophthalmic infections, and as a food preservative.


chemical peritonitis

(medicine) peritonitis which results from the escape of the contents of the digestive tract into the peritoneum


chemical sensitivity

en-noun

chemical sensitivity (plural chemical sensitivities)

(medicine) an extreme sensitivity, or allergic reaction, to any of various chemical compounds present in the normal environment


RT

RT (countable and uncountable, plural RTs)

(medicine) Initialism of respiratory therapy.

respiratory therapist
respiratory therapist#English

(medicine) Initialism of respiratory therapy technician / respiratory technician / respiratory therapist.

(medicine) Initialism of radiology technologist / radiology technician.


teras

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τέρας (téras).


terato-

From Ancient Greek τέρας (téras, “monster”). Doublet of tera-.

(medicine) Pertaining to birth defects and similar abnormalities.

teiriti-

pertaining to birth defects and similar abnormalities


corticosteroid

Wúràọlá’s first patient was a man who had not noticed any significant improvement after a regimen of corticosteroids had been prescribed for his spondylosis.

2023, Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀, A Spell of Good Things, Canongate Books, page 209:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) Any of several synthetic hormones of related structure.


rima

Borrowing from Latin rīma (“a cleft, crack, fissure, chink”).

bor

(anatomy) A cleft or gap between two symmetrical parts, particularly between the vocal folds.


X-linked gene

(genetics) Any gene located on the sex chromosomes. Typically, these genes are found on the X chromosome and not on the Y chromosome.


styptic

en-adj

styptic (comparative more styptic, superlative most styptic)

more styptic (comparative)
most styptic (superlative)

Learned borrowing from Latin stypticus, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek στυπτικός (stuptikós), from στύφω (stúphō, “to contract”).

The growth on top was a scrubby plant, unknown anywhere else on Malta, which was believed to have styptic qualities – it could staunch bleeding when packed on top of a wound […].

1973, Nicholas Monsarrat, The Kapillan of Malta:

But I waited while he dabbed at the cut with styptic powder.

1959, Daniel Keyes, Flowers for Algernon:

(medicine, by extension) That stops bleeding; especially, in a minor way, topically.


butyrophenone

(pharmacology) Any of a class of antipsychotic drugs (such as haloperidol) used especially in the treatment of schizophrenia.


cortisone

en-noun

cortisone (countable and uncountable, plural cortisones)

(biochemistry, steroids, pharmacology) A corticosteroid hormone, closely related to corticosterone, produced by the adrenal cortex. One of the glucocorticoids, it is also made synthetically for use as an anti-inflammatory and antiallergy agent. 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone, with formula C₂₁H₂₈O₅.


cyproterone

cyproterone (countable and uncountable, plural cyproterones)

(pharmacology) A synthetic steroid C₂₂H₂₇ClO₃ that inhibits the action and secretion of testosterone by blocking the activity of androgen receptors.


antiandrogen

(biochemistry, pharmacology) Any substance that inhibits the release or the biological effects of an androgen.

抗雄激素

any substance that inhibits the release or biological effects of an androgen


estrone

estrone (countable and uncountable, plural estrones)

(American spelling, biochemistry, steroids, pharmacology) A natural estrogenic hormone that is a ketone C₁₈H₂₂O₂ found in the body chiefly as a metabolite of and less potent than estradiol, that is also secreted especially by the ovaries, and that is used to treat various conditions (such as ovarian failure and menopausal symptoms) relating to estrogen deficiency.


fludrocortisone

(pharmacology) A potent mineralocorticoid drug that is derived from hydrocortisone, possesses some glucocorticoid activity, and is administered in the form of its acetate C₂₃H₃₁FO₆ to treat adrenocortical insufficiency.


nalidixic acid

From na(phtha)l(ene) + (pyr)idi(ne) + (carbo)x(yl)ic acid.

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic quinolone antibacterial which inhibits the multiplication of bacteria, used to treat genitourinary infections.


quinolone

Formed as quinol(ine) + -one, after the German Chinolon.

broad-spectrum antibiotic
broad-spectrum antibiotic

(medicine) Any of a range of broad-spectrum antibiotics, related to nalidixic acid, based on this structure.


broad-spectrum antibiotic

en-noun

broad-spectrum antibiotic (plural broad-spectrum antibiotics)

(pharmacology) Any antibiotic that is active against a wide range of bacteria, especially against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.


gram-positive

From Gram (“a surname”) + positive, after Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram, who invented the Gram staining method.

(medicine, bacteriology, of a bacterium) That is stained violet by Gram's method

Gram-positive

Gram; Note: The form with capital G is the only form given in the American Heritage Dictionary. is actually a proper name.


gram-negative

(medicine, of a bacterium) that is not stained violet by Gram's method


Gram's method

After Hans Christian Gram, Danish bacteriologist.

(medicine) A staining technique, using a sequence of crystal violet, iodine and safranine, used to differentiate bacteria into two large groups of species.


hydrocortisone

hydrocortisone (countable and uncountable, plural hydrocortisones)

(pharmacology) Name used for cortisol, a glucocorticoid steroid hormone, when used as a medication. Used to treat e.g. inflammation resulting from rheumatism and eczema.


menadione

menadione (countable and uncountable, plural menadiones)

/ˌmɛn.əˈdʌɪ.əʊn/

(pharmacology) A synthetic yellow compound C₁₁H₈O₂ with the biological activity of natural vitamin K menaquinone, used to treat hemorrhage.


syrinx

/sɪˈɹɪnd͡ʒiːz/

Learned borrowing from Latin sȳrinx (“reed; reed pipe, panpipes”), from Ancient Greek σῦριγξ (sûrinx, “panpipes; pipe-shaped object”), from Pre-Greek. Doublet of syringe.
The plural form syringes is a learned borrowing from Latin sȳringes.

der

The division of fluid-filled cavities, or syrinxes, into those lined with ependyma (hydromyelia) and those not so lined (syringomyelia) is probably somewhat artificial.

1989, Margaret M[iriam] Esiri, D. R. Oppenheimer, “The Cut-up”, in Diagnostic Neuropathology: A Practical Manual, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Blackwell Scientific Publications, →ISBN, page 32, column 2:

The myelin around the syrinx shows changes similar to edematous white matter, probably due to tearing of the tissues and transudation of serous fluid into them.

1990, W[alter] J[osef] Huk, “Malformations of the CNS [Central Nervous System]”, in W. J. Huk, G[ünther] Gademann, G[erd] Friedmann [et al.], translated by Terry Telger, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Central Nervous System Diseases: Functional Anatomy—Imaging—Neurological Symptoms—Pathology, Berlin; Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg: Springer, →ISBN, part IV (Special Topics), page 164, column 1:

A syrinx (Latin, "tube") is a neuroglial cell-lined, fluid-filled cavity ("syringomyelia" in the spinal cord; "syringobulbia" in the brain stem) possibly due to an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid, genetic malformations, or the proliferation and subsequent regression of embryonic cell nests. A syrinx within the central canal interrupts the decussating spinothalamic tract fibers resulting in bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensations around the level of the lesion.

2024, N. Nevin, M. M. Danzi, E. Ulanowski, M. R. Wiegand, “Orthopaedic Neurology”, in Jeffrey D. Placzek, David A. Boyce, editors, Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Secrets, 4th edition, St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN, page 161:

(neurology, pathology) Any of several abnormal tube-shaped structures in the body, especially a rare, fluid-filled neuroglial cavity in the brain stem or within the spinal cord.

фистула

any of several abnormal tube-shaped structures in the body


phenobarbitone

en-noun

phenobarbitone (countable and uncountable, plural phenobarbitones)

(pharmacology) A barbiturate drug used as a sedative.


phenylbutazone

phenylbutazone (countable and uncountable, plural phenylbutazones)

(pharmacology) An anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug used to treat arthritis and gout.


prednisolone

prednisolone (countable and uncountable, plural prednisolones)

(pharmacology) A synthetic glucocorticoid C₂₁H₂₈O₅ that is a dehydrogenated analog of cortisol and is used especially as an anti-inflammatory drug.


prednisone

prednisone (countable and uncountable, plural prednisones)

From pre(gnane) + d(ie)ne + (cort)isone.

(pharmacology) A glucocorticoid C₂₁H₂₆O₅ that is a dehydrogenated analog of cortisone, used to relieve rheumatic and allergic conditions and to treat leukemia.


trimethadione

trimethadione (usually uncountable, plural trimethadiones)

(pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug used to control epilepsy.


tabes dorsalis

tabes dorsalis (countable and uncountable, plural tabes dorsales)

From tabes + dorsalis, "tabes of the back".

(pathology) tabes of the back; a degeneration of the sensory neurons of the spinal cord carrying afferent information.


neural canal

(anatomy) a canal located at the dorsal side of the centrum formed by neural arches of vertebrae. Houses the spinal cord.


thenar

(anatomy) Relating to the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot.


pia

One screen in the theatre relays live colour pictures of Harkness and his colleague Tiernan Byrnes's progress, cutting and pushing through first the dura, then the arachnoid and finally the pia, the thin, spider's web-type membranes that cover the brain itself.

2009 January 25, Denis Campbell, “Kian, 4, needs a miracle. He's in the right place”, in The Observer:

(anatomy) The pia mater, the innermost of the meninges that protect the brain and spinal cord.


tormina

From Latin, ultimately from torqueō (“twist, turn”).

Clonfert’s tormina exercise my mind; for by whatever private scale of pain one may measure them, they must come tolerably high.

1977, Patrick O'Brian, The Mauritius Command:

(medicine) acute pain in the abdomen; colic, gripes


acetylcholine receptor

acetylcholine receptor (plural acetylcholine receptors)

(neuroscience) A feature of neurons that detects the presence of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine as part of neural activity.


narco

I too am a narco. Have been for about 10 years.

1998 January 6, “Not many postings?”, in alt.support.narcolepsy (Usenet):

Besides, staying awake on your first day at a new job is definitely NOT a problem (unless you're a narco or something...).

1999 February 1, Sean Flynn, “Life's dilemmas - sometimes, they ARE a bitch..”, in rec.music.hip-hop (Usenet):

Apneics, Others, and Narcos all gossip merrily on the walk back to our cabins.

2007, Karen Russell, St. Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves, →ISBN, page 62:

(pathology) Someone suffering from narcolepsy


ligation

ligation (countable and uncountable, plural ligations)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ligation.wav

Borrowed from Late Latin ligatio, ligationis, from Latin ligo. Doublet of liaison.

(surgery) The act of tying off or sealing a blood vessel, fallopian tube, etc during surgery; act of ligating.

tukkiminen

medicine: act of tying off or sealing a blood vessel, etc


antispastic

(pharmacology) That prevents or diminishes spasms; antispasmodic.


antispastic

(pharmacology) A substance that prevents or diminishes spasms.


perifusion

perifusion (countable and uncountable, plural perifusions)

(medicine) fluid flow, especially that of a solution of drugs or a suspension of cells in a biological in vivo or in vitro system.


hypothyroidism

hypothyroidism (countable and uncountable, plural hypothyroidisms)

/ˌhaɪpəˈθaɪɹɔɪˌdɪzəm/

/ˌhaɪpəʊˈθaɪɹɔɪˌdɪzəm/

Coined some time between 1900 and 1905 from hypo- (“under”) + thyroid + -ism.

(pathology) The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.

甲状腺機能低下症

こうじょうせんきのうていかしょう


hypoglycemic

en-adj

hypoglycemic (comparative more hypoglycemic, superlative most hypoglycemic)

more hypoglycemic (comparative)
most hypoglycemic (superlative)

(pathology) Suffering from hypoglycemia.


clarithromycin

/kləˌɹɪθ.ɹəʊˈmʌɪ.sɪn/

/kləˌɹɪθ.ɹəˈmaɪ.sn̩/

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic C₃₈H₆₉NO₁₃ (trademarks Biaxin, Klaricid) used especially in the treatment of various mild to moderate bacterial infections.


tunicle

Latin tunicula, diminutive of tunica (“tunic”).

(anatomy) A tunica; a membrane or membranous sheath of skin.


autoplasty

en-noun

autoplasty (countable and uncountable, plural autoplasties)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-autoplasty.wav

(medicine, surgery, dated) The process of artificially repairing lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to supply the deficiency caused by disease or wounds. In present-day contexts likelier to be called autotransplantation or autografting.


fauces

Borrowing from Latin faucēs (“the upper part of a throat”).

bor

(anatomy) The narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx, situated between the soft palate and the base of the tongue.


falx

From Latin falx (“sickle”). Doublet of dalk.

(anatomy) A curved fold or process of the dura mater or the peritoneum, especially one of the partition-like folds of the dura mater which extend into the great fissures of the brain.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
(anatomy, dated) A chelicera.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
A chelicera.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
(anatomy) A snake's poison fang.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
A snake's poison fang.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
(anatomy) A rotula of a sea urchin.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
A rotula of a sea urchin.


underserved

en-adj

underserved (comparative more underserved, superlative most underserved)

more underserved (comparative)
most underserved (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-underserved.wav

Underresourced; not having sufficient service.

(medicine) Disadvantaged with regard to health services because of inability to pay, inability to access care, or other disparities for reasons of race, religion, language group or social status.


undine

From German Undine, from New Latin undīna, from Latin unda (“wave”).

(medicine) a small flask used to apply lotions to the eye.


anorexic

anorexic (comparative more anorexic, superlative most anorexic)

more anorexic (comparative)
most anorexic (superlative)

/ænəˈɹɛksɪk/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-anorexic.wav

Coordinate term: hyporexic

(medicine) Having very little to no appetite (a symptom that can happen in various diseases).


methadone

en-noun

methadone (countable and uncountable, plural methadones)

From (di)meth(yl)a(mino) + d(iphenyl) + (heptan)one.

af

But methadone is a dangerous drug. If taken orally by a nonaddict, it can cause euphoria or even death.

1971 March 19, Richard Severo, “Addiction: Chemistry Is the New Hope, but Degree of Its Effectiveness Is Still Disputed”, in The New York Times:

(pharmacology) A powerful synthetic analgesic drug which is similar to morphine in its effects but less sedative and is used as a substitute drug in the treatment of morphine and heroin addiction.


oxymel

From Middle English oximel, from Late Latin oxymel, oxymeli (“acid and honey”), from Ancient Greek ὀξύμελι (oxúmeli).

If it long continue, vomits may be taken after meat, or otherwise gently procured with warm water, oxymel, etc., now and then.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 5, member 3, subsection i:

(historical, medicine) A mixture of honey, water, and vinegar, boiled to a syrup, sometimes mixed with herbs or spices.


Parkinson's

Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease#English

(informal, neurology, pathology) Ellipsis of Parkinson's disease.


teratogen

(teratology) Any agent or substance which can cause malformation of an embryo or birth defects.


ustulation

en-noun

ustulation (countable and uncountable, plural ustulations)

Borrowed from Latin ustulare (“burn, scorch, sear”) (with the suffix -tion added), from ust-, past participle stem of uro (“burn”).


amphiarthrosis

(anatomy) The type of movable joint in animals in which the surfaces of bones are connected by ligaments or cartilage.

anfiartrose

movable joint in which the surfaces of bones are connected by ligaments or cartilage


astragalocalcaneal

(anatomy) Describing the fusion of the astragalus and calcaneum.

astragalocalcáneo

describing the fusion of the astragalus and calcaneum


pulmonary vein

(anatomy) In tetrapods, a vein that returns blood to the heart after it has circulated through the lungs.


endocarditis

endocarditis (countable and uncountable, plural endocarditides or endocarditises)

endocarditides (plural)
endocarditises (plural)

(pathology, cardiology) An inflammation of the endocardium and sometimes also the heart valves.


debark

en-verb

debark (third-person singular simple present debarks, present participle debarking, simple past and past participle debarked)

debarks (present singular third-person)
debarking (participle present)
debarked (participle past)
debarked (past)

From de- + bark (“(of a dog) make the noise”).

prefix

(transitive, veterinary medicine) To devocalize (a dog).


tinea

en-noun

tinea (countable and uncountable, plural tineas or tineae)

Her knees were ingrained with dirt, her toes raw with tinea, her fingernails black and broken.

1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber and Faber, published 2003, page 6:

(pathology) A fungal infection of the skin, known generally as ringworm.


unresectable

(medicine) Of a tumor: unable to be removed through surgery because of the size and/or complexity, or because removal would risk life-threatening damage to vital organs.


plumbism

(medicine) A diseased condition, produced by the absorption of lead, common among workers in this metal or in its compounds, as among painters, typesetters, etc. Symptoms include lead colic, lead line, and wrist drop.


nuclear cataract

nuclear cataract (plural nuclear cataracts)

(medicine) A cataract that affects just the dense inner part of the lens.


nerve cord

(anatomy) A dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate.

néarchorda

anatomy: a dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate


polony

Fluorescent in situ sequencing (FISSEQ) or beadbased polony sequencing FISSEQ involves localized amplification of single DNA molecules, using an acrylarnide gel, thus creating colonies of PCR product that are called polonies.

2008, Proceedings, National Academy of Sciences, India, page 97:

The development of polony technology is an extreme example of spatial compression; a polony array essentially consists of millions of distinguishable, immobilized, and femtoliter-scale "test tubes" filled with clonal DNA arising from individual DNA or RNA molecules via a single polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

2008, Michal Janitz, Next-Generation Genome Sequencing: Towards Personalized Medicine, page 58:

This cycle is repeated several dozen times to generate DNA sequence information for each polony.

2008, John Mendelsohn, The Molecular Basis of Cancer:

(biotechnology) A cluster of polymers produced by clonal amplification of DNA.


acquisitiveness

acquisitiveness (usually uncountable, plural acquisitivenesses)

Had she a little more of the organ of Acquisitiveness in her head—a little more of the love of property in her nature, she would take a good-sized sheet of paper and write plainly out, in her own queer but clear and legible hand, the story that has been narrated, the song that has been sung to her, and thus possess what she was enabled to create.

1849, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], “Two Lives”, in Shirley. A Tale. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 266:

(phrenology) The faculty to which the phrenologists attribute the desire of acquiring and possessing.


acrania

(physiology) Partial or total absence of the skull.


pathogenomics

(genetics, pathology) genomic research on pathogenic microorganisms


receptor

From Middle English receptour, from Old French receptour or Latin receptōrius, from recipiō (“receive”), from re- (“back”) + capiō (“I hold”).

continuous erythropoietin receptor activator

In the target organ, the drug is recognised by ‘receptors’. These are large molecules, usually proteins, to which the drug binds tightly and with a high degree of specificity.

2001, Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 24:

White blood cells of the immune system, the gut and the spleen also have another type of cannabinoid receptor, known as CB2.

2019 May 14, Moises Velasquez-Manoff, “Can CBD Really Do All That?”, in The New York Times Magazine:

(biochemistry, medicine) A protein on a cell wall that binds with specific molecules so that they can be absorbed into the cell in order to control certain functions.

受體 /受体

a protein on a cell wall that responds to sensory stimuli


polycotyledonary

(anatomy) Having the villi of the placenta collected into definite patches, or cotyledons.


polychrest

From Ancient Greek πολύχρηστος (polúkhrēstos, “multipurpose, highly useful”), from πολύς (polús) + χρηστός (khrēstós, “useful”).

der

(medicine) A medicine that serves for many uses, or that cures many diseases.


auriscopy

(medicine) Examination of the ear using an auriscope.


aurist

I remembered I hadn't sent that wire to Kipper Herring, inviting him to come and join the gang. I went to Aunt Dahlia's boudoir and repaired this omission, telephoning the communication to someone at the post office who would have been well advised to consult a good aurist.

1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VIII:

(medicine, dated) One skilled in treating and curing disorders of the ear.

отолог

one skilled in treating and curing disorders of the ear


hypercapnia

en-noun

hypercapnia (usually uncountable, plural hypercapnias)

From hyper- + capn- + -ia; more at capno- § Etymology.

(medicine, pathology) The condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide in the blood.

فرط ثنائي أكسيد الكربون في الدم

condition of having an abnormally high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood


IVA

IVA (countable and uncountable, plural IVAs)

in-vitro activation
in-vitro activation#English

(medicine) Initialism of in-vitro activation.


gorget

/ˈɡoɹ.d͡ʒɪt/

/ˈɡoɹ.d͡ʒɛt/

/ˈɡoɹ.d͡ʒət/

From Middle English gorget, from Old French gorgete, from gorge (“throat”).

(surgery) A cutting instrument used in lithotomy.


vaso vasorum

These vessels communicate with the cavity of the thrombosed vessel, and with its vaso vasorum. (Fig. 128.)

1878, Thomas Henry Green, An Introduction to pathology and morbid anatomy, page 301:

The tenuous vaso vasorum therefore remains preserved in the naturally occurring state, a circumstance which improves vascular patency.

1996, William E. Cohn and Ducksoo Kim, "Catheter apparatus and methodology for generating a fistula on-demand", US Patent 5830224, page 21

New vasculature, under the influence of angiogenic growth factors, may grow from the vaso vasorum within the adventitia into the plaque.

2006, Morton J. Kern, SCAI Interventional Cardiology Board Review Book, page 5:


water pick

(dentistry) A device that is used to clear away food debris from the mouth, mostly used by people with braces or periodontal problems.


otalgic

(pathology, pharmacology) Of or pertaining to otalgia.


angioplasty

(surgery) The mechanical widening of a narrowed or totally obstructed blood vessel generally caused by atheroma.


ampicillin

ampicillin (countable and uncountable, plural ampicillins)

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic form of penicillin C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₄S that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and is used to treat infections of the urinary, respiratory, and intestinal tracts.


Quaalude

Supposedly a blend of quiet + Maalox + interlude.

(pharmacology) A proprietary name for methaqualone.


mastication

mastication (countable and uncountable, plural mastications)

From Late Latin masticātiō, equivalent to masticate + -ion.

“It is no more blasphemous than that thing which is swiping our meat,” I replied, for whatever the thing was, it had leaped upon our deer and was devouring it in great mouthfuls which it swallowed without mastication. The creature appeared to be a great lizard at least ten feet high, with a huge, powerful tail as long as its torso, mighty hind legs and short forelegs.

1918 September–November, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Land That Time Forgot”, in The Blue Book Magazine, Chicago, Ill.: Story-press Corp., →OCLC; republished as chapter V, in Hugo Gernsback, editor, Amazing Stories, part I, number 11, New York, N.Y.: Experimenter Publishing, February 1927, →OCLC, book I, page 1002:


breast augmentation

breast augmentation (countable and uncountable, plural breast augmentations)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-breast augmentation.wav

(surgery) A cosmetic procedure to increase the size of a breast (the organ on the front of the chest).


dyspareunia

/dɪspəˈɹuːnɪə/

From dys- + Ancient Greek πάρευνος (páreunos, “lying beside, lying with”) + -ia.

uder

deep dyspareunia ― pain on deep penetration

(medicine) Painful or difficult sexual intercourse, especially in women.


vesical

For quotations using this term, see Citations:vesical.

(anatomy) Pertaining to the urinary bladder.


festinate

en-verb

festinate (third-person singular simple present festinates, present participle festinating, simple past and past participle festinated)

festinates (present singular third-person)
festinating (participle present)
festinated (participle past)
festinated (past)

From Latin festīnātus; festina lente (make haste slowly).

(medicine) To become involuntarily quicker, such as when walking or speaking, due to certain disorders.


cell line

(genetics) A biological tissue or group of individual cells that are genetically identical as a result of dividing mitotically from a single progenitor cell.


oxycodone

They ingest Ambien, Seroquel, LSD, Adderall, Oxycodone, cocaine, Flexeril, Percocet, psilocybin mushrooms and codeine.

2013 June 4, Dwight Garner, “A Literary Mind, Under the Spell of Drugs and a MacBook”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An addictive, semisynthetic opioid (trademark OxyContin) that is similar to morphine in effect and structure; C₁₈H₂₁NO₄.


lymphoproliferation

en-noun

lymphoproliferation (countable and uncountable, plural lymphoproliferations)

(medicine) the excessive production of lymphocytes


polygastric

(anatomy) Having several bellies; -- applied to muscles which are made up of several bellies separated by short tendons.


polymastism

(anatomy) The condition of having more than two mammæ, or breasts.


postsynaptic

(cytology) In a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that bears receptors for neurotransmitter released into the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic neuron.


pyrogen

(medicine) Any substance that produces fever, or a rise in body temperature


pyrectic

(medicine) Any substance that produces fever or a rise in body temperature.


pyritinol

(pharmacology) A nootropic drug whose structure is that of a disulfane derived from pyridoxine.


nootropic

/ˌnoʊəˈtɹɑːpɪk/

Coined by Romanian psychologist and chemist Corneliu E. Giurgea in 1972, derived from the Ancient Greek words νόος (nóos, “mind”) and τροπέω (tropéō, “to turn”). Equivalent to noos + -tropic, literally “mind changing”.

suf

Nootropics also include extracted and purified components of medicinal plants, as well as substances synthesized from chemical precursors, such as piracetam, the world's first official nootropic (piracetam was created in 1964 in Belgium by a team of scientists whose leader, Dr. Corneliu E. Giurgea, coined the term).

2012 January 30, Ari LeVaux, “Experimenting With Nootropics to Increase Mental Capacity, Clarity”, in The Atlantic:

(medicine) Any substance purported to increase or enhance cognitive abilities.

(pharmacology) A drug that enhances learning and memory and lacks the usual pharmacology of other psychotropic drugs (e.g. sedation, motor stimulation) and possesses very few side effects and extremely low toxicity.


autogenous

/ɔːˈtɒd͡ʒɪnəs/

These , being usually developed from distinct and independent centres , I have termed “autogenous” elements

1843, Richard Owen, Lectures on the Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Invertebrate Animals:

(anatomy) Developed from an independent centre of ossification.


sentinel event

As defined by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.

(medicine) Any unanticipated or unusual event in a medical setting which results in death or serious physical injury to a person or persons, specifically including limb loss or gross motor function.


periaqueductal

(anatomy) Surrounding an aqueduct-like feature; usually in reference to periaqueductal grey, or some other part of anatomy.


colostrum

en-noun

colostrum (usually uncountable, plural colostra)

Borrowed from Latin colostrum, of uncertain origin.

The researchers isolated the antibodies from the cow's colostrum, the first milk produced after birth, which has very high antibody concentrations. They gave these antibodies, extracted from the colostrum, to 10 volunteers and gave another 10 volunteers extracts from colostrum of cows that were not immunized against the traveler's diarrhea bacteria.

1988 May 17, Gina Kolata, “For Travelers, Milk From Immunized Cows”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

This valuable fluid—colostrum—plays a number of important biological roles, including helping improve an infant's immune system. Nevertheless, many humans intuitively perceive colostrum as “sour milk,” which should not be given to infants. Other species do not make this serious mistake.

2016, Joseph Henrich, chapter 16, in The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

(medicine) A form of milk produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and the few days after giving birth.


promontory

From Medieval Latin prōmontōrium, from prōmineō, from prō- + *mineō (“to project or jut”, from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stand out”)) + -tōrium (“place”).

der

(anatomy) A projecting part of the body.

A projecting part of the body.
A projection on the sacrum.

A rounded elevation in the tympanum of the ear.


SOAP

(medicine) Acronym of subjective, objective, assessment, and plan.


pyrosis

en-noun

pyrosis (usually uncountable, plural pyroses)

From Ancient Greek πύρωσις (púrōsis, “burning”), from πῦρ (pûr, “fire”) + -σις (-sis, verbal noun suffix).

suffix

(medicine) A burning sensation in the chest due to reflux of stomach contents in the esophagus.


reflux

en-noun

reflux (countable and uncountable, plural refluxes)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-reflux.wav

(pathology) The leaking of stomach acid up into the oesophagus.


rostrum

Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”), from rōd(ō) (“gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. The pulpit sense is a back-formation from the name of the Roman Rōstra, the platforms in the Forum where politicians made speeches. The Rōstra were decorated with (and named for) the beaks (prows) of ships from naval victories.

lbor

(anatomy) The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral).


revertant

en-adj

revertant (comparative more revertant, superlative most revertant)

more revertant (comparative)
most revertant (superlative)

(genetics) That has reverted to its former genotype or to the original phenotype by means of a subsequent mutation.

revertente

that has reverted to its former genotype


alter ego

/ˈɔːl.təɹ iːɡəʊ/

From Latin alter ego (literally “other me”).

[…] a belief in the possibility of a man possessing an alter ego in the form of some animal such as a crocodile or a hippopotamus. It is believed that such a person's life is bound up with that of the animal to such an extent that, whatever affects the one produces a corresponding impression upon the other, and that if one dies the other must speedily do so too.

1897, Mary H. Kingsley, Travels in West Africa, page 538:

As one commentator has remarked, all the confusing old three-syllable names that used to index Chinese politics can now be forgotten — the names and their bearers have ceased to be of the slightest importance. In their place stands one man — a small, frail, volatile but tremendously energetic man — who oddly enough has become the alter ego of that powerful, sprawling, sleepy giant that is China.

1938, Robert Berkov, “China's Chiang”, in Strong Man of China: The Story of Chiang Kai-shek, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, page 1:

Ruffalo's turn as Bruce Banner and his angry green alter-ego has been widely praised. Avengers Assemble (titled The Avengers outside the UK) is on course to be one of the year's biggest films and has received strong reviews.

2012 May 1, Ben Child, “Mark Ruffalo gets green light to play Hulk in six-movie deal”, in the Guardian:

(psychology, psychiatry) An individual's alternate personality or persona; another self.

alter

one identity of a person with dissociative identity disorder


chelation

en-noun

chelation (countable and uncountable, plural chelations)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-chelation.wav

(medicine) The use of this process to remove metal ions from solution, especially to counter poisoning by heavy metals.


medius

Borrowed from New Latin from Latin medius (“middle”). See medium. Doublet of minge and middle.

An analysis of the determined cases shows that the index was the digit most frequently amputated, next the medius, next the ring finger, next the thumb, and lastly the little finger

1876, Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion:

There is an interesting abnormality in finger length, the medius being especially long[…]

1945, Charlotte Wolff, A Psychology of Gesture:


milium

(dermatology) A keratin-filled cyst that can appear just under the epidermis or on the roof of the mouth.


histoplasmosis

histoplasmosis (countable and uncountable, plural histoplasmoses)

(pathology) A lung disease caused by a fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum, often asymptomatic otherwise with symptoms similar to those of flu.


talpa

From Latin talpa (“mole”). Doublet of taupe.

(medicine, obsolete) An encysted tumour on the head; a wen.


mosaicism

mosaicism (countable and uncountable, plural mosaicisms)

Some but not all of the cells that made up the fetus […] had an extra chromosome on the twentieth pair. A mosaicism, it was called.

2007, Michael Chabon, The Yiddish Policemen’s Union, 4th Estate (2010), page 14:

(genetics) The condition in which more than one genetically distinct population of cells coexist within one individual.


chiropractic

/ˌkaɪɹəˈpɹæktɪk/

From chiro- (“hand”) + practic; from Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + πρακτικός (praktikós, “concerned with action”).

alternative medicine
alternative medicine

(alternative medicine) A system of health care involving manipulation of the spinal column and other body structures, for the purpose of alleviating neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.


guttural

en-adj

guttural (comparative more guttural, superlative most guttural)

more guttural (comparative)
most guttural (superlative)

From Middle French guttural, from New Latin gutturālis, from Latin guttur (“throat”) + -ālis.

guttural duct of the ear; guttural pouch infection

(medicine, anatomy) Of, relating to, or connected to the throat.

на гърлото

medicine, anatomy: of, relating to, or connected to the throat


cuneus

Borrowed from Latin cuneus. Doublet of coign and coin.

(neuroanatomy) A portion of the occipital lobe of the human brain, involved in visual processing.


ankylosis

en-noun

ankylosis (countable and uncountable, plural ankyloses)

From Ancient Greek ἀγκύλωσις (ankúlōsis, “a stiffening of the joints”), from ἀγκυλόειν (ankulóein, “to crook, bend”), from ἀγκύλος (ankúlos, “bent, crooked”). By surface analysis, ankyl- + -osis.

der

(anatomy) The growing together of bones to form a single unit.

(medicine) The stiffening of a joint as the result of such abnormal fusion.


pecten

(anatomy, obsolete) The bones in the hand between the wrist and the fingers.


hyperglycemia

en-noun

hyperglycemia (countable and uncountable, plural hyperglycemias)

From hyper- + glycemia or hyper- + glyc + -emia.

(pathology) An unusually high concentration of sugar in the blood

glycemia

polysemic; may be hypernym, synonym, or coordinate term, depending on sense used


ketosis

ketosis (countable and uncountable, plural ketoses)

(pathology) A metabolic state in which the body produces ketones to be used as fuel by some organs so that glycogen can be reserved for organs that depend on it. This condition occurs during times of fasting, starvation, or while on a ketogenic diet.

酮病

metabolic state involving production of ketones


ketoacidosis

ketoacidosis (countable and uncountable, plural ketoacidoses)

(biology, medicine) A severe form of ketosis, most commonly seen in diabetics, in which so much ketone is produced that acidosis occurs.


atriotomy

(medicine) The surgical opening of an atrium.


respire

en-verb

respire (third-person singular simple present respires, present participle respiring, simple past and past participle respired)

respires (present singular third-person)
respiring (participle present)
respired (participle past)
respired (past)

From Middle English respiren, borrowed from Old French respirer or Latin respīrō (“to blow back, breathe out”), from re- (“back”) + spīrō (“to breathe, blow”).

af

All living things respire or breathe. To many of us this means that they take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide.

1964, H. Webb, M. A. Grigg, Modern Science, Book 3, page 155:

(cytology, intransitive) To take up oxygen and produce carbon dioxide through oxidation.

tukupūngao

to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide and produce energy in the process


bite stick

(dentistry) A small wooden stick used in orthodontistry, which the patient bites on when the bands of the braces are fitted.


low-grade

en-adj

low-grade (comparative lower grade, superlative lowest grade)

lower grade (comparative)
lowest grade (superlative)

These studies have identified a novel role for MLKL in aging, revealing a delay in the age-related reduction in circulating lymphocytes and a protection from chronic, low-grade, sterile inflammation in female Mlkl^(–/–) aged mice.

2023 February 8, Emma C. Tovey Crutchfield, Sarah E. Garnish, Jessica Day, Holly Anderton, Shene Chiou, Anne Hempel, Cathrine Hall, Komal M. Patel, Pradnya Gangatirkar, Katherine R. Martin, Connie S. N. Li Wai Suen, , Alexandra L. Garnham, Andrew J. Kueh, Ian P. Wicks, John Silke, Ueli Nachbur, Andre L. Samson, James M. Murphy, Joanne M. Hildebrand, “MLKL deficiency protects against low-grade, sterile inflammation in aged mice”, in Cell Death & Differentiation, volume 30, →DOI, pages 1059–1071:

Elevated cytokine levels in chronic viral infections are attributed to a number of stimuli. In HIV infection, chronic activation has been linked to ongoing low-grade viral replication, presence of opportunistic infections, and microbial translocation.

2023 June 29, Elizabeth S. Mayne, Jaya A. George, Susan Louw, “Assessing Biomarkers in Viral Infection”, in Application of Omic Techniques to Identify New Biomarkers and Drug Targets for COVID-19, Springer, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 159–173:

Clinical Presentation
Patients with septic arthritis or osteomyelitis classically present acutely with localized pain and swelling, joint stiffness, low-grade fever, chills, anorexia, and malaise.

2024 May 31, Shuliang Ge, Jinhang Wen, Swee-Tian Quek, Wilfred C. G. Peh, “Imaging of Shoulder Infection”, in Medical Radiology, Springer, →DOI, pages 1–22:


linkage

en-noun

linkage (countable and uncountable, plural linkages)

Genetic linkage
Linkage (linguistics)
Linkage (mechanical)
Linkage (policy)
linkage

(genetics) The property of genes of being inherited together.


aflatoxin

(toxicology) Any of a family of mycotoxins, produced by molds of the Aspergillus genus, that can be toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic; typically found as contaminants of animal food or peanuts.


teratogenic

en-adj

teratogenic (comparative more teratogenic, superlative most teratogenic)

more teratogenic (comparative)
most teratogenic (superlative)

(teratology) Of, relating to, malformations or defects to an embryo or fetus.

In particular, the impact of the biomaterial used remains to be defined; grafting (biotissue can be introduced via direct cell implantation (cell therapy), biotissue transplantation, or gene therapy); risk of teratogenic effect and of immune reaction (i.e., in the umbilical cord cells the immune risk being weaker); religious and legal issues with respect to the different country regulations.

2015 August 2, J.-F. Stoltz et al., “Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: Myth or Reality of the 21th Century”, in Stem Cells International, volume 2015, →DOI:

[…] as well as chemicals (potentially toxic) used in daily routine in research and educational institutes, industries (e.g., carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic) and in household that may confer danger to the living beings if discharged in the umbworld.

2018, Pankaj,, Sharma, Anita, Microbial Biotechnology in Environmental Monitoring and Cleanup, page 176:

(teratology) Causing malformations or defects to an embryo or fetus.


CAR

en-noun

CAR (countable and uncountable, plural CARs)

chimeric antigen receptor
chimeric antigen receptor#English

(countable, immunology) Initialism of chimeric antigen receptor.


Crohn's disease

Named after gastroenterologist Burrill Bernard Crohn, who described patients with the condition in 1932.

Inexplicably the prevalence of Crohn's disease seems to be increasing in some parts of the world and declining in others.

1989, R. A. Cawson et al., Pathology: The mechanisms of disease, Mosby, page 333:

Other systemic disorders associated with Crohn's disease include gallstones, kidney stones, osteoporosis, liver disorders, vascular problems, and psychiatric disorders.

1993, Dorothy Beckley Doughty, Debra Broadwell Jackson, Gastrointestinal Disorders, Part 732, Mosby, page 108:

Patients with Crohn's disease can develop zinc deficiency and subsequent acrodermatitis enteropathica (Chapter 6).

2001, Bruce R. Smoller, Thomas D. Horn, Dermatopathology in Systemic Disease, Oxford University Press, page 65:

(pathology) Crohn’s regional enteritis, a chronic inflammatory disease that can involve any part of the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus.


prepenial

(anatomy) Situated in front of, or anterior to, the penis.


prepubis

(anatomy) A bone or cartilage, of some animals, situated in the middle line in front of the pubic bones.


preputial

If removing the preputial tissue curbs sexuality of both sexes and if, on the basis of curbing female sexuality, the removal of the female prepuce is misogynistic, then the removal of the male foreskin should be viewed as misandristic.

2006, David Benatar, Cutting to the Core, page 36:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the prepuce.


presbyope

From Ancient Greek πρέσβυς (présbus, “old”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”).

(medicine) One who has presbyopia: a farsighted person


prescapula

(anatomy) The part of the scapula in front of, or above, the spine, or mesoscapula.


prescapular

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the prescapula; supraspinous.


solen

(medicine) A cradle, as for a broken limb.


bili

(medicine, informal) Clipping of bilirubin.


aqueous humour

(ophthalmology) The clear, watery fluid that fills the front of the eye between the cornea and the crystalline lens.

humor aquós

the fluid that fills the front of the eye


loof

Inherited from Middle English love, lufe, lofe, luf (“palm of the hand”), from Old Norse lōfi, from Proto-Germanic *lōfô (“palm of the hand; paw; oar blade, paddle”).

der

(anatomy, now chiefly dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) The palm of the hand.

(anatomy, now chiefly dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) The hand, especially, the hand outspread and upturned.


ascendant

en-adj

ascendant (comparative more ascendant, superlative most ascendant)

more ascendant (comparative)
most ascendant (superlative)

PIE word
 *h₂éd
The adjective is derived from Late Middle English ascendent (“ascending, rising; increasing in quantity; (astronomy) rising above the horizon”) [and other forms], borrowed from Old French ascendant, from Latin ascendentem, the accusative singular of ascendēns (“ascending, rising”), the present participle of ascendō, adscendō (“to climb up, go up, move upwards; to rise; to spring up”), from ad- (prefix meaning ‘(up) to’) + scandō (“to ascend, climb, mount; to clamber”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to climb, scale; to dart; to jump; to scan (poetry)”)). The English word is analysable as ascend (verb) + -ant (suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the sense of ‘doing [the verbal actions]’).
The noun is probably derived from the adjective, though it is attested earlier than the latter.

suffix

suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the sense of ‘doing 􂀿the verbal actions􂁀’

Artere ſouſclaviere. The aſcendant branch of the great Arterie.

1611, Randle Cotgrave, compiler, “Sousclavier”, in A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, signature Eeee iij, recto:

(botany, physiology) Of a part of an organism: synonym of ascending (“leading or sloping upwards”)


UNA

unlocked nucleic acid
unlocked nucleic acid#English

(genetics) Initialism of unlocked nucleic acid.


PPP

en-noun

PPP (countable and uncountable, plural PPPs)

(medicine, slang) Initialism of piss-poor protoplasm.


charpie

charpie (countable and uncountable, plural charpies)

From the feminine past participle of Old French charpir (“to pluck”), carpir (“to pluck”), from Latin carpō (“I pluck”). Compare carpet.

M. d'Arblay filled a Closet with Charpie, compresses, and bandages – All that to me was owned, as wanting, was an arm Chair and some Towels.

1812, Frances Burney, Journals and Letters, Penguin, published 2001, page 436:

(medicine, now historical) Straight threads obtained by unraveling old linen cloth, used for surgical dressings.


acne vulgaris

(pathology) An inflammatory disease of the skin, caused by changes in the pilosebaceous units.


pilosebaceous unit

pilosebaceous unit (plural pilosebaceous units)

(anatomy, dermatology) The structure consisting of the hair, hair follicle, arrector pili muscle and the sebaceous gland.


pilocarpine

pilocarpine (countable and uncountable, plural pilocarpines)

From translingual Pilocarpus (“genus name”) + -ine.

af

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A miotic alkaloid C₁₁H₁₆N₂O₂ obtained from jaborandi that is used chiefly in the form of its hydrochloride or nitrate especially in the treatment of glaucoma.


pharmacologically

/ˌfɑɹməkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəli/

(pharmacology) In a pharmacological manner; with regard to pharmacology.


pharmacologic

/ˌfɑɹməkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪk/


funicular

en-adj

funicular (comparative more funicular, superlative most funicular)

more funicular (comparative)
most funicular (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-funicular.wav

From Latin fūniculus (“cord”), diminutive from fūnis (“cord”) + -culus.

(medicine) Of or pertaining to the umbilical cord.


mesoappendix

en-noun

mesoappendix (plural mesoappendixes or mesoappendices)

mesoappendixes (plural)
mesoappendices (plural)

(anatomy) Part of the mesentery found near the appendix and the terminal ileum.