eosinophilia

eosinophilia (countable and uncountable, plural eosinophilias)

Intraperitoneal injections of a strong solution produce fibrohemorrhagic peritonitis of varying intensity, according to the strength of the solution; while intraperitoneal injections of small quantities of a diluted solution of formalin induce a chronic peritonitis with great connective tissue proliferation, and a striking eosinophilia.

1901 December, E. Q. THORNTON M.D., “PRACTICAL THERAPEUTIC REFERENDUM”, in PROGRESSIVE MEDICINE. A QUARTERLY DIGEST OF ADVANCES DISCOVERIES AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SCIENCES., volume IV, page 363:

(medicine) The condition of having a high concentration of eosinophils (eosinophil granulocytes) in the blood.


stellate

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-stellate.wav


posterolateral

(anatomy) Situated on the side and toward the posterior aspect.

posterolateraalinen

situated on the side and toward the posterior aspect


glossitis

(pathology) An inflammatory condition of the tongue.


idiochromosome

/ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈkɹəʊməsəʊm/


allotype

The products of allelic forms of the same gene are known as allotypes. Allotypes are now known for all mouse heavy chains (Stall, 1995). There are no known serologically detectable allotypes of mouse κ chains.

1996, James W. Goding, Monoclonal Antibodies: Principles and Practice, 3rd edition, Academic Press, page 102:

Since different individuals of the same species may have different allotypes, these determinants can be used as genetic markers.
The most common technique used for allotype determination is hemagglutination-inhibition.

2007, Janardan P. Pandey, “7: Genetics of Immunoglobulins”, in Gabriel Virella, editor, Medical Immunology, 6th edition, Informa Healthcare, page 77:

Allotypes were originally defined by antisera that differentiated allelic variants of immunoglobulin (Ig) subclasses. The allotype is due to the existence of different alleles at the genetic locus that determines the expression of a given determinant.

2009, Julius M. Cruse, Robert E. Lewis, Illustrated Dictionary of Immunology, 3rd edition, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 32:

immunoglobulin allotype
immunoglobulin allotype

(immunology) An immunoglobulin allotype; the allele of the antibody chains found in an individual.


syngeneic

en-adj

syngeneic (comparative more syngeneic, superlative most syngeneic)

more syngeneic (comparative)
most syngeneic (superlative)

By surface analysis, syn- + -gen(e) + -ic

surf

Coordinate term: allogeneic

(genetics) genetically identical, or sufficiently identical and immunologically compatible as to allow for transplantation.


xenogeneic

Among the types of xenografts that might be undertaken are extracorporeal "xenoperfusion" or perfusion of devices containing xenogeneic hepatocytes, auxiliary liver transplants, bridge liver transplants, and hepatocyte transplants.

2000, Kanazawa A., Platt J.L., “Prospects for xenotransplantation of the liver”, in Seminars in liver disease, →DOI:

(genetics) Derived from a different species and therefore genetically and immunologically incompatible


fosmidomycin

From fos- (“phosphorous derivative”) + (a)mido + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic, similar to fosfomycin, obtained from Streptomyces bacteria.


fosfomycin

Originally phosphomycin, from phospho- + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from a Streptomyces strain”).

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum antibiotic, 3-methyloxiran-2-ylphosphonic acid, obtained from certain Streptomyces bacteria.


ankylose

en-verb

ankylose (third-person singular simple present ankyloses, present participle ankylosing, simple past and past participle ankylosed)

ankyloses (present singular third-person)
ankylosing (participle present)
ankylosed (participle past)
ankylosed (past)

Back-formation from ankylosis; compare diagnose.

(transitive, pathology) To cause bony structures to fuse or stiffen as a result of ankylosis.

anquilosar

to cause bony structures to fuse or stiffen as a result of ankylosis

(intransitive, pathology) To suffer from ankylosis.


CPFT

(medicine) Initialism of certified pulmonary function technologist.


granulomatous

en-adj

granulomatous (comparative more granulomatous, superlative most granulomatous)

more granulomatous (comparative)
most granulomatous (superlative)

(pathology) Of, pertaining to, or characterised by granulomata

granulomatózní

of, pertaining to, or characterized by granulomata


chronic granulomatous disease

en-noun

chronic granulomatous disease (plural chronic granulomatous diseases)

(medicine) Any of a group of hereditary defects in the ability of some phagocytes to kill certain bacteria; the resulting infection


casted

Audio (US)

Use pillows under the casted leg to prevent flat spots and underlying pressure areas, especially on the heel and the posterior portion of the cast.

2000, Delores Christina Schoen, Adult orthopaedic nursing, page 141:


CF

CF (countable and uncountable, plural CFs)

(health) Abbreviation of cystic fibrosis.


EE

EE (countable and uncountable, plural EEs)

People with other mental disorders, even common mental disorders like depression, may still experience severe high EE conditions. The interactions between people with different mental disorders and their caregivers, and the precise mechanisms of high EE could be further explored.

2022 July 21, Siu-Man Ng, Siyu Gao, Amenda Man Wang, Christine Cheuk, Melody Hiu-ying Fung, “Survey of High Expressed Emotions Experienced By Community Mental Health Service Users in Hong Kong During the COVID-19 Pandemic”, in Schizophrenia Bulletin Open, volume 3, number 1, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 5, column 2:

expressed emotion
expressed emotion#English

(uncountable, psychiatry) Initialism of expressed emotion.


mammillary

From Middle French mamillaire, or its source, Late Latin mamillaris.

(anatomy) A mammillary body, one of a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the brain, that form part of the limbic system.


GN

GN (countable and uncountable, plural GNs)

(pathology, uncountable) Initialism of glomerulonephritis.


LS

lateral sclerosis
lateral sclerosis#English

(pathology) Initialism of lateral sclerosis.


LS

lichen sclerosus
lichen sclerosus#English

(medicine) Initialism of lichen sclerosus.


ST

ST (countable and uncountable, plural STs)

(steam): → French: ST


VN

But in addition, he adds to the tags of certain assistants the designation, “V.N.,” meaning veterinary nurse.

1963, American Veterinary Medical Association, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, volume 143, page 179:

Veterinary nurse applicants wanting to work for the Society have to follow the VN course (see Chapter One for details).

1999, Victoria Pybus, Working with Animals: The UK, Europe and Worldwide:

Alison Young joined a small animal practice in 1998 as a student veterinary nurse and whilst there gained her VN qualification.

2006, British Small Animal Veterinary Association, BSAVA Congress 2006: Scientific Proceedings, page 20:

(veterinary, UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) Initialism of veterinary nurse.

vocational nurse
vocational nurse#English

(medicine) Initialism of vocational nurse.


psychotomimesis

(pathology) The onset of psychotic symptoms following the administration of a drug.


submentoplasty

(surgery) A neck-skin tightening procedure which can improve the appearance of loose skin and excess fat of the neck.


Norwalk

(For noun) Named after Norwalk, Ohio, where an outbreak of gastroenteritis in 1968 led to the isolation of the virus.

(medicine, virology) Designating a calicivirus affecting humans, characterized by severe vomiting and diarrhea.


trephine

Borrowed from French tréphine, from Latin trepanum, from Ancient Greek τρύπανον (trúpanon, “auger, borer”). Doublet of trepan.

der

They removed a core of bone as well as took a bone marrow aspirate from my right hip using a trephine to exclude me having a blood cancer, causing a blood- and serum-stained shirt, a whopping hematoma and a great deal of mental anguish and physical pain in the process!

(medicine) A surgical instrument with a cylindrical blade used to remove a circular section of tissue, such as bone or cornea; a trepan.

trépan

surgical instrument to remove a circular section from the skull


adrenal cortex

en-noun

adrenal cortex (plural adrenal cortexes)

(anatomy) The outer portion of the adrenal glands that produces hormones essential to homeostasis.


hindbrain

(neuroanatomy) The posterior part of the brain, comprising the cerebellum, pons and medulla, the rhombencephalon


coisogenic

(genetics) Genetically identical to an inbred strain except for a mutation at a specific locus.


nullisomic

(genetics) A genetic condition involving the lack of one of the normal chromosomal pairs for a species (2n-2)


LANAP

(dentistry) Acronym of laser-assisted new attachment procedure.


contractile vacuole

contractile vacuole (plural contractile vacuoles)

(cytology) A vacuole that removes waste or excess water.

Kontraktile Vakuole

a vacuole that removes waste or excess water


glycemia

glycemia (countable and uncountable, plural glycemias)

Currently used methods to determine glycemia have certain disadvantages, including cost, heavy labor involvement, and storage problems. Determination of serum fructosamine levels, on the other hand, offers several potential advantages over these current measures. Our goal was to evaluate the utility of serum fructosamine as a measure of glycemia. […] Fructosamine levels were measured in 145 normal and diabetic subjects aged 20 to 86 years. The measured levels were then related to standard measures of glycemia, including glycosylated hemoglobin, glycosylated albumin, and fasting glucose. The effects of chronic illness and medications known to alter glucose tolerance were also investigated. […] Assay of serum fructosamine appears to be comparable to that of HbA1C for determination of glycemic control.

1988, H Negoro, JE Morley, MJ Rosenthal, “Utility of serum fructosamine as a measure of glycemia in young and old diabetic and non-diabetic subjects”, in Am J Med, volume 85, number 3, pages 360–364:

We explored whether subjective sleep duration, sleep quality, or risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are associated with glycemia, body mass index (BMI), or blood pressure (BP) in overweight/obese youth.

2019, B MokhlesiKA TempleAH Tjadenet al., “The association of sleep disturbances with glycemia and obesity in youth at risk for or with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes”, in Pediatr Diabetes, volume 20, number 8, →DOI, →PMID, pages 1056–1063:

Education has a positive effect on adherence to recommended diet and glycemia regulation in diabetes patients after four-week follow-ups. However, after two years, participants showed a decrease in adherence to recommended diet and increased glycemia.

2019, Z GvozdanovićN FarčićH Placentoet al., “Diet education as a success factor of glycemia regulation in diabetes patients: a prospective study”, in Int J Environ Res Public Health, volume 16, number 20, →DOI, →PMID:

(medicine, American spelling) Presence of glucose in the blood (which is always true), and (usually, more specifically) average concentration thereof over time, and its regulation; in this sense, glycemia is hypernymic to euglycemia, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemia, and a mention of glycemia is a reference to blood sugar regulation and degree or quality thereof.

glucèmia

presence of an unusual amount of glucose in the blood

calcemia

types of biometallic cation concentration in blood

(medicine, American spelling) (occasionally, ambiguously) Hyperglycemia.


biallelic

(genetics) Of or pertaining to both alleles of a gene (in a heterozygote).


acrocyanosis

acrocyanosis (countable and uncountable, plural acrocyanoses)

(pathology) A persistent blue or cyanotic discoloration of the digits, most commonly occurring in the hands although also occurring in the face and feet as well.


proctocolitis

(pathology) The inflammation of the rectum and colon.


avulse

en-verb

avulse (third-person singular simple present avulses, present participle avulsing, simple past and past participle avulsed)

avulses (present singular third-person)
avulsing (participle present)
avulsed (participle past)
avulsed (past)

From Latin avulsus, past participle of avello: ab- + vellō.

An alternative is to avulse the nail of the second or third toe […]

1997, chapter 7, in Manual of nail disease and surgery, →ISBN, page 70:

[…] the resulting tension in the restraining ligament would be 600 pounds, sufficient to avulse the ligament.

2004, chapter 10, in Shoulder Surgery, →ISBN, page 122:


rachis

From New Latin rachis, from Ancient Greek ῥάχις (rhákhis, “spine, ridge”).

der

(obsolete, zoology, anatomy) The spinal column, or the vertebrae of the spine.


ectoplasmic

en-adj

ectoplasmic (comparative more ectoplasmic, superlative most ectoplasmic)

more ectoplasmic (comparative)
most ectoplasmic (superlative)

"In this case being unable, owing to the evil conditions which you have yourself created, to build up an ectoplasmic form they wrapped the unconscious medium in an ectoplasmic covering, and sent him forth from the cabinet."

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

Kathleen wore dungarees and her gingham skirt was laundered to an ectoplasmic degree.

1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 232:

(parapsychology or cytology) Relating to, or having the properties or appearance of, ectoplasm.


eyedrop

From eye + drop. Compare West Frisian eachdrip (“tear”, literally “eyedrop”), Dutch oogdrup (“tear”, literally “eyedrop”). Compare also German Augentropfen (“eyedrops”).

cog

(medicine) Medicine to be administered to the eyes.


sarcoid

(medicine, pathology) Relating to sarcoid (sarcoidosis).

(medicine, pathology, dated) Resembling sarcoma.


lidlock

(rare, medicine) A specialized speculum used to hold eyelids open, for example during LASEK eye surgery.


bell ringer

Inherited from Middle English belringer, belle ringer, bellryngar, belryngere, equivalent to bell + ringer.

In Health Sciences, Dr. Ball was always available to us in the anatomy lab giving us tips and tricks for bell ringers. You can tell he genuinely cares about teaching, because why else would he wear a uterus costume!

2018 May 24, “Meet today's Faculty of Health Sciences valedictorian”, in McMaster Daily News, archived from the original on 2023-04-03:

(anatomy, education) A type of anatomy exam in which students must answer questions at a series of stations and move on to the next station when a bell is rung.


IVC

inferior vena cava
inferior vena cava#English

(anatomy) Initialism of inferior vena cava.


cryoanesthesia

(pathology) Insensibility resulting from cold.


syngnathia

(pathology) A congenital adhesion of the maxilla and mandible by fibrous bands.


photobiomodulation

(medicine) Any of several therapeutic techniques that employ low-level laser or LED light to relieve pain or to heal wounds


trimethoprim

en-noun

trimethoprim (countable and uncountable, plural trimethoprims)

/tɹʌɪˈmɛθ.ə(ʊ).pɹɪm/

/tɹaɪˈmɛθ.əˌpɹɪm/

(pharmacology) A synthetic antibiotic used to treat malaria and respiratory and urinary infections (usually in conjunction with a sulphonamide).

-prim

dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, antibacterial


teicoplanin

(pharmacology) Any of several glycopeptide antibiotics used against Gram-positive bacteria


sulfamethoxazole

From sulfa- (“sulfonamide”) + meth- + (is)oxazole.

af

(pharmacology) An antibacterial sulfonamide C₁₀H₁₁N₃O3S used alone or in combination with trimethoprim (as in the treatment of urinary tract infections or acute otitis media).


white coat hypertension

From white coat + hypertension.
From the stereotypical uniform of a medical practitioner.

Patients with white coat hypertension did not show a generalized increase of blood pressure lability, nor an exaggerated pressor response while at work. . . . In such patients, the pressor response may be relatively specific to the physician's office and lead to significant misclassification of hypertension.

1988 January 8, T. G. Pickering et al., “How common is white coat hypertension?”, in Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA):

(medicine, idiomatic) Elevated blood pressure measured by a medical practitioner and deemed to result from the patient's emotional response to the medical environment.


neurophysiology

en-noun

neurophysiology (usually uncountable, plural neurophysiologies)

This relationship between language and sexuality, oral and genital, has been elaborated in recent research in neurophysiology.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 17:

(physiology, neuroscience) The branch of physiology that deals with the nervous system.


neurite

(neuroanatomy) Any projection from the body of a neuron; either a dendrite or an axon

neuriet

any projection from the body of a neuron


ischemic

en-adj

ischemic (comparative more ischemic, superlative most ischemic)

more ischemic (comparative)
most ischemic (superlative)

Dr. Salazar was a fast talker, devoid of personality. Lolly's vitals had stabilised, she said. Her stroke was ischemic, caused by a clot rather than a rupture. She'd come in exhibiting classic symptoms: weakness on her left side, double vision, aphasia.
"What's aphasia?" I said.
"A disconnect between what the patient's trying to say and what's being communicated. For instance, Louella thinks to herself, I'm thirsty. I want more ice chips. But when she verbalises it, it comes out as gibberish."

2008, Wally Lamb, The Hour I First Believed, Ch.3, at p.59

(pathology) Characteristic of, or accompanied by, ischemia — localised anaemia due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply, creating a local disturbance in blood circulation.

isquèmic

characteristic of, or accompanied by ischemia


PWP

en-noun

PWP (countable and uncountable, plural PWPs)

pulmonary wedge pressure
w:pulmonary wedge pressure

(medicine) Initialism of pulmonary wedge pressure.


red corpuscle

(cytology) An erythrocyte (red blood cell).


resectability

(surgery) A measure of the expected benefits of a resection


MOB

(dentistry) Initialism of mesio occlusal buccal.


ICA

internal carotid artery
internal carotid artery#English

(anatomy) Initialism of internal carotid artery.


abdominal cavity

abdominal cavity (plural abdominal cavities)

(anatomy) The hollow portion of the torso within the abdomen, containing the abdominal organs, in mammals below the diaphragm.

buikholte

hollow portion of the torso, containing abdominal organs


action potential

action potential (plural action potentials)

Even some single-celled organisms have action potentials.

2016, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Other Minds, William Collins, published 2018, page 23:

(physiology) A short-term change in the electrical potential that travels along a cell such as a nerve or muscle fiber.


dermatosis

/ˌdɜːməˈtəʊsɪs/


muscle fiber

muscle fiber (countable and uncountable, plural muscle fibers)

(anatomy) A single cell of a muscle; each muscle fiber contains many myofibrils, the contractile unit of muscles.


myofibril

(anatomy) Any of the cylindrical organelles, found within muscle cells, that are the contractile unit of muscles.


thiamazole

(pharmacology) An imidazole derivative that interferes with the synthesis of thyroid hormone and is given orally in the treatment of hyperthyroidism; 1-methylimidazole-2-thiol, C₃H₂N₂(CH₃)(SH).


methimazole

methimazole (countable and uncountable, plural methimazoles)

(pharmacology) Alternative form of thiamazole.


transmural care

(medicine) The interface between primary and secondary care in medicine.


vasoarrhythmia

(medicine) A condition caused by the irregular rhythm of muscle contraction in the vas deferens.


anergy

anergy (countable and uncountable, plural anergies)

From New Latin anergia, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “not, without”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”).

(immunology) Lack of immunity to an antigen.


coronary artery disease

(pathology, cardiology) Any disease caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the myocardium.


homotopic

In somatosensory cortex, homotopic connections would be limited to portions of representations devoted to the body midline.

2013, Alexander G. Reeves, David W. Roberts, Epilepsy and the Corpus Callosum 2, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 19:

Jones, Kozlowski, Schallert, and colleagues have demonstrated plasticity not just surrounding the injured cortex, but also in remote cortical areas, such as the homotopic cortex contralateral to injury.

2017, Mark J. Ashley, David A. Hovda, Traumatic Brain Injury: Rehabilitation, Treatment, and Case Management, Fourth Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 108:

(neuroscience) Having to do with or being a part of the correspondent region in the other brain hemisphere.


phlebostasis

(medicine) A slowing of the flow of blood through the veins

(medicine) The compression of the veins of a limb by means of a tourniquet


vertebral column

vertebral column (plural vertebral columns)

(anatomy) The series of vertebrae that protect the spinal cord; the spinal column.


atrial fibrillation

atrial fibrillation (plural atrial fibrillations)

(pathology) A cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) that involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart.


spurious infection

spurious infection (countable and uncountable, plural spurious infections)

(parasitology) A case in which parasites invade a host but do not succeed in colonizing it, for example merely passing through the digestive tract.


sulforaphane

One of the first phytochemicals to receive media attention was sulforaphane, which is present in broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, turnips and kale. A diet rich in sulforaphane is believed to be effective in reducing the incidence of breast cancer.

1999, Alan Bryson, Healing Mind, Body & Soul: Healing The Mind And Soul, published 2000, page 100:

Sulforaphane (Figure 6.10) is a recently discovered powerful chemoprotective found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables.

2001, “Natural Toxins and Chemopreventives in Plants”, in William Helferich, Carl K. Winter, editors, Food Toxicology, page 154:

More importantly, in contrast to direct antioxidants that neutralize radicals on a one-for-one basis and are destroyed themselves in the process, indirect antioxidants such as sulforaphane are longer lasting, triggering an ongoing process that may continue for days after it has left the body.

2006, David E. Thurston, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, page 258:

6 turbocharge your turkey Commit yourself to healthy, varied lunches, and start by topping your turkey club sandwich with broccoli sprouts. Compared with mature broccoli, these have up to 100 times the potent compound sulforaphane, which is shown to fight cancer.

2008 January–February, “70 Ways to Improve Every Day of the Week”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 1, →ISSN, page 134:

(organic chemistry, medicine) An antimicrobial compound, 1-isothiocyanato-4-methylsulfinylbutane, that is found in many brassicas and exhibits anticancer activity.


sulfanilamide

(pharmacology) Any of a class of amino substituted aromatic sulfonamides that are used as antifungal antibiotics; but especially the parent compound 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide


antidotal

(pharmacology) Relating to or being an antidote.


PMTCT

(medicine) Initialism of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.


adrenocortical

(anatomy) Relating to the adrenal cortex.


amalgamator

(dentistry) A device for preparing amalgam.


PTB

OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of single versus multiple markers of altered vaginal flora to predict subsequent PTB (<37 weeks' gestation, [wks GA]) and the efficacy of treatment with metronidazole plus erythromycin (M+E) to reduce PTB in these patients.

1996 January 7, WW Andrews, JC Hauth, RL Goldenberg, M Dubard, G Chandra, RL Copper, “Single and Multiple Markers of Altered Vaginal Flora: Effect of Treatment on Preterm Birth (PTB)”, in American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, volume 174, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 317-320:

Understanding the risks associated with spontaneous PTBs that are unique to African American women and why biopsychosocial risk factors vary by racial/ethnic group may lead to tailored interventions.

2010 December 24, D. Elizabeth Jesse, Melvin S. Swanson, Edward R. Newton, John Morrow, “Racial Disparities in Biopsychosocial Factors and Spontaneous Preterm Birth Among Rural Low-Income Women”, in Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, volume 54, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 35-42:

Early identification of women at high risk of PTB is important, given the availability of evidence-based, effective screening modalities, which facilitate decision-making on preventative strategies, particularly transvaginal sonographic cervical length (CL) measurement.

2023 December 21, Lyndsay Creswell, Daniel Lorber Rolnik, Stephen W Lindow, Neil O'Gorman, “Preterm Birth: Screening and Prediction”, in International Journal of Women's Health, volume 15, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 1981-1997:

Under the circumstances above narrated, we find that claimant's illness of PTB, which flared up or has activated as a result of the nature and condition of his work, is compensable under the law.

1968 January 1 [1964 July 30], [Felix] Bautista Angelo, quoting Workmen's Compensation Commission, “Peter Paul (Philippines) Corporation vs. Workmen's Compensation Commission, et al.”, in Official Gazette, volume 64, number 1, page 22:

Furthermore, a recent study [...] of BCG [Bacille Calmette Guérin vaccine] efficacy in children under 7 years of age who had lived in close contact with undiagnosed cases of PTB showed a protection rate of 70% against the disease within a 6 months follow-up period.

2001, Tsigeweini Asgedom Tessema, Improving Case-finding inTuberculosis Control by Antigen Detection, Clinical Scoring and Serology, University of Bergen, →ISBN, page 18:

We will perform subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis based on [...] different types of PTBs[.]

2024 June 7, Guocan Yu, Xudong Xu, Yanqin Shen, Bifei Fang, “Diagnostic accuracy of nanopore sequencing for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis”, in PLOS ONE, volume 19, number 6, →DOI, →ISSN, page 5:

pulmonary tuberculosis
pulmonary tuberculosis#English

(pathology) Initialism of pulmonary tuberculosis.


granulosa

(anatomy) A layer of small cells that forms the wall of an ovarian follicle.


fifth disease

Historically classified as the fifth of the classical childhood skin rashes or exanthems, after measles, scarlet fever, rubella, and Dukes' disease.

(pathology) The manifestation as rashes of an infection by erythrovirus.


associable

en-adj

associable (comparative more associable, superlative most associable)

more associable (comparative)
most associable (superlative)

the stomach, the most associable of all the organs of the animal body

1802, Samuel l. Mitchill, Edward Miller, “Remarks on the Sympathy of the Stomach”, in The Medical Repository:

(medicine, obsolete) Liable to be affected by sympathy with other parts; said of organs, nerves, muscles, etc.


dilatate

en-verb

dilatate (third-person singular simple present dilatates, present participle dilatating, simple past and past participle dilatated)

dilatates (present singular third-person)
dilatating (participle present)
dilatated (participle past)
dilatated (past)


withdrawal symptom

en-noun

withdrawal symptom (plural withdrawal symptoms)

(medicine, especially in plural) Any of a wide range of symptoms associated with the discontinuance of a drug by an addicted individual, or the medically controlled discontinuance by a patient of a prescribed drug.

退癮症狀 /退瘾症状

symptom associated with the discontinuance of a drug


myringomycosis

(pathology) A fungal infection of the eardrum (the tympanic membrane).


anaphoria

(medicine) A tendency for both eyes to look upward.


lactulose

lactulose (countable and uncountable, plural lactuloses)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic disaccharide C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ consisting of galactose and fructose units, used as a laxative for chronic constipation and as an acidifier to reduce blood ammonia levels causing neurological symptoms in advanced liver disease. It is used in solution for oral or rectal administration.


parasomnia

parasomnia (countable and uncountable, plural parasomnias)

From para- (“above, beyond; abnormal”) + Latin somnus (“sleep”).

(psychiatry, medicine) Any of several sleep disorders.


hypermetamorphosis

hypermetamorphosis (countable and uncountable, plural hypermetamorphoses)

The features of Kluver-Bucy syndrome include visual agnosia, hypermetamorphosis (distortion of objects), hypersexuality, language disorder and aphasia, hyperorality, placidity, flat affect, and memory dysfunction.

1995, J Millichap, “Kluver-Bucy Syndrome Following Heat Stroke”, in Pediatric Neurolog Briefs:

(neurology) A neurobehavioral disorder that involves patients grabbing objects in view and starting the appropriate behavior associated with it at an inappropriate time.


trigger finger

(medicine) difficulty encountered in finger flexion or extension caused by the narrowing of the sheath that surrounds that finger's tendon


normoxic

(medicine) Having a normal oxygen concentration; typically 20-21% in the atmosphere, or 2-3% in physiological contexts.


normoxia

(physiology) The condition of having a normal level of oxygen in the tissues.


hormesis

hormesis (countable and uncountable, plural hormeses)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὅρμησις (hórmēsis), from Ancient Greek ὁρμή (hormḗ).

bor+

So the concept of a permissible, safe, or “threshold” dose gained currency, and this was used to set standards in industries where workers were exposed to radiation, such as uranium mining and nuclear power generation. Some people went even further, arguing for radiation hormesis—that small doses of radiation were actually good for you.

2010, Naomi Oreskes, Erik M. Conway, chapter 5, in Merchants of Doubt:

Though he is given to gee-whizzery about anything “super awesome”—Small amounts of radiation are actually good for you! It’s called radiation hormesis!—he has scant interest in the specifics of the apps that many YC companies produce; what intrigues him is their potential effect on the world.

[2016 October 3, Tad Friend, “Sam Altman’s Manifest Destiny”, in The New Yorker:

(biology, toxicology) A phenomenon in which an environmental agent or stressor produces a stimulatory or beneficial effect at low doses and an inhibitory or harmful effect at higher doses, corresponding to a biphasic dose-response relationship.


hypnagogia

(medicine) A condition characterized by dreamlike auditory, visual, or tactile sensations when half-awake.


immunopathology

en-noun

immunopathology (countable and uncountable, plural immunopathologies)

(medicine) The branch of immunology that studies the relation of the immune system to disease; a disease caused by a disruption of the immune system

immunopatologia

the branch of immunology that studies the relation of the immune system to disease


alpha-blocker

(pharmacology) A drug which blocks α1-adrenergic receptors in arteries and smooth muscles. Used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis and other conditions.


prostatitis

prostatitis (countable and uncountable, plural prostatitides or prostatites)

prostatitides (plural)
prostatites (plural)

(pathology) Inflammation of the prostate.


mesenteric

However, several enterographic findings are associated with increased disease activity, including wall thickening greater than 4 mm, intramural and mesenteric oedema, mucosal hyperaemia, wall enhancement (and enhancement pattern), transmural ulceration and fistula formation, vascular engorgement and inflammatory mesenteric lymph nodes (often with hyperenhancement).

2024, Jennifer Davidson, Beth Shepherd, Sunderarajan Jayaraman, Practice Long Cases for the Part B Final FRCR Examination:


red cell

(hematology, cytology) A type of cell in the blood of vertebrates that contains haemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues; a red blood cell.


hyperferremia

(pathology) The medical condition of having too much iron in the blood.


andrologist

Dr. Schirren: The members of this round table keep on speaking about urologists and gynecologists but you never mention andrologists.

1986, Emil Steinberger, G. Frajese, Anna Steinberger, editors, Reproductive Medicine, page 493:

It may not be easy to find an andrologist or get an appointment with one. Women can call a gynecologist for routine check-ups, but it is not the same with andrologists.

2001, Vivien Marx, The Semen Book, Free Association Books, page 29:

Male infertility specialists are either andrologists (M.D.s or Ph.D. scientists specializing in male fertility and in assisted reproductive technology) or urologists (doctors who specialize in male and female urinary tract problems but are particularly knowledgeable about penis and testicle "design"). Many urologists are also andrologists.

2002, M. Sara Rosenthal, The Fertility Sourcebook, McGraw Hill Professional, page 29:

(medicine) A person who studies andrology.


amantadine

From amantad- (“alteration of adamantane”) + -ine.

af

(pharmacology) A drug used especially as the hydrochloride C₁₀H₁₇N·HCl to prevent infection (as by an influenzavirus) by interfering with virus penetration into host cells.


rimantadine

From [Term?] + -mantadine (“adamantane derivative”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic antiviral drug that is chemically related to amantadine and is administered orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₂H₂₁N·HCl in the prevention and treatment of influenza A; 1-(1-adamantyl)ethanamine.


MMA

en-noun

MMA (countable and uncountable, plural MMAs)

(anatomy) Initialism of middle meningeal artery.

(medicine) Initialism of mastitis–metritis–agalactia.

mammalian meat allergy
mammalian meat allergy#English

(pathology) Initialism of mammalian meat allergy.


aphthous ulcer

(pathology) An ulcer in the mouth, caused by a break in the mucous membrane.


aphthous stomatitis

(pathology) The condition of having aphthous ulcers.


hepatization

hepatization (countable and uncountable, plural hepatizations)

(medicine) The conversion into a substance resembling the liver; a state of the lungs when gorged with effused matter, so that they are no longer pervious to the air.

hepatizáció

conversion into a substance resembling the liver; state of the lungs when gorged with effused matter


nocturia

(medicine) A frequent need to arise during the night in order to urinate.


anatomical position

(anatomy) The position of the human body, standing erect, with the face directed anteriorly, the upper limbs at the sides and the palms turned anteriorly (supinated), and the feet pointed anteriorly; used as the position of reference in description of site or direction of various structures or parts as established in official anatomical nomenclature. Note: The palms are toward our view and we cannot see the back of the hands.

人體解剖學姿勢 /人体解剖学姿势

anatomy: standard position of the body used as reference when describing the body


RDS

respiratory distress syndrome
respiratory distress syndrome#English

(medicine) Initialism of respiratory distress syndrome.


neuropsychiatry

(medicine) The branch of medicine dealing with disorders that have both neurological and psychiatric features


oculogyric

(medicine) Pertaining to the rotation of the eyeballs within their orbits.


deciduous tooth

deciduous tooth (plural deciduous teeth)

(anatomy) Any tooth that falls out as later teeth grow in or as other existing teeth move to take its place.


diaphysis

(anatomy) The central shaft of any long bone.


day blindness

(medicine) The inability to see clearly in bright light; hemeralopia


day-blind

en-adj

day-blind (comparative more day-blind, superlative most day-blind)

more day-blind (comparative)
most day-blind (superlative)

(medicine) Unable to see clearly in bright light; hemeralopic.


hemeralopic

hemeralopic (comparative more hemeralopic, superlative most hemeralopic)

more hemeralopic (comparative)
most hemeralopic (superlative)

(medicine) Unable to see clearly in bright light; day-blind; suffering from hemeralopia.


nyctalopic

nyctalopic (comparative more nyctalopic, superlative most nyctalopic)

more nyctalopic (comparative)
most nyctalopic (superlative)

(medicine) Unable to see clearly in low light; night-blind; suffering from nyctalopia.


night-blind

night-blind (comparative more night-blind, superlative most night-blind)

more night-blind (comparative)
most night-blind (superlative)

(medicine) Unable to see clearly in low light; suffering from night blindness.

страдащ от кокоша слепота

unable to see clearly in low light; suffering from night blindness


hypokalemia

en-noun

hypokalemia (countable and uncountable, plural hypokalemias)

From hypo- + kalemia or hypo- + kal(ium) + -emia.

(biology, medicine) The condition of having an abnormally low concentration of potassium ions in the blood (below the reference range).


allogenic

en-adj

allogenic (comparative more allogenic, superlative most allogenic)

more allogenic (comparative)
most allogenic (superlative)

/ˌæləˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/

(medicine, biology, genetics, immunology) Alternative form of allogeneic: genetically distinct, but of the same species; nonself but intraspecies.


scleralization

(pathology, optometry) An opacity of the cornea that progresses inwards from the periphery of the cornea towards its center.


anaphylactogen

From anaphylaxis (“adverse reaction”) + -gen (“producer”).

(medicine) A substance likely to or capable of producing an adverse reaction (anaphylaxis) in a person.


EN

en-noun

EN (countable and uncountable, plural ENs)

erythema nodosum
erythema nodosum#English

(pathology) Initialism of erythema nodosum.

(medicine) Initialism of enrolled nurse.


cytopathy

(microbiology, pathology) The disease or deterioration of a cell, or of the structures contained within a cell.


ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency

ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (uncountable)

(pathology) A rare genetic metabolic disorder of the urea cycle. Abbreviated as OTC.


ambilateral

en-adj

ambilateral (comparative more ambilateral, superlative most ambilateral)

more ambilateral (comparative)
most ambilateral (superlative)

(medicine) Affecting both sides of the body, or of an organ.


amnestic

amnestic (comparative more amnestic, superlative most amnestic)

more amnestic (comparative)
most amnestic (superlative)

amnestic patients

amnestic medications

Most often, persons who first present with language, comportmental, and visuospatial difficulties are under the age of 65, in contrast to the older age at onset of individuals with amnestic dementia.

2007, Carole B. Cox, Dementia and Social Work Practice: Research and Interventions, Springer Publishing Company, page 25:

Thus, while not exhibiting the large dose separation predicted from preclinical tests, alpidem did not impair memory at therapeutic doses (and was reported to antagonize the amnestic actions of a BZ), nor did chronic treatment produce a withdrawal reaction after abrupt termination.

2012 September 14, Phil Skolnick, “Anxioselective Anxiolytics: On a Quest for the Holy Grail”, in Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, volume 33, number 11, Elsevier, →DOI, archived from the original on 2024-04-06, Partial agonists, subtype selective molecules, and hybrid solutions, pages 611-620:


miltefosine

(pharmacology) An antiprotozoal drug, 2-(hexadecoxy-oxido-phosphoryl)oxyethyl-trimethyl-azanium, used in oral treatment of leishmaniasis.


antiprotozoal

antiprotozoal (comparative more antiprotozoal, superlative most antiprotozoal)

more antiprotozoal (comparative)
most antiprotozoal (superlative)

(pharmacology) That inhibits or destroys protozoa


antiprotozoal

(pharmacology) Any drug used to fight diseases caused by protozoa

antiprotozoário

any drug used to fight diseases caused by protozoa


ribonucleotide

(biochemistry, genetics) Any nucleotide having ribose as its sugar


acamprosate

(pharmacology) A drug, 3-acetylaminopropane-1-sulfonic acid (or a calcium salt), used to treat alcohol dependence.


apomeiosis

(cytology) A suppressed, or imperfect meiosis


aprepitant

en-noun

aprepitant (countable and uncountable, plural aprepitants)

From [Term?] + -pitant (“neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist”).

af

(pharmacology) An antiemetic drug C₂₃H₂₁F₇N₄O₃ taken orally to prevent nausea and vomiting occurring as a consequence of cancer chemotherapy or surgery. It acts as an antagonist of receptors for substance P. It is often taken in combination with other antiemetic drugs and is marketed under the trademark Emend.


disulfiram

en-noun

disulfiram (countable and uncountable, plural disulfirams)

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound (trademark Antabuse) used in the treatment of alcoholics to make drinking alcohol produce unpleasant after-effects.


pericentromeric

en-adj

pericentromeric (comparative more pericentromeric, superlative most pericentromeric)

more pericentromeric (comparative)
most pericentromeric (superlative)

(genetics) Situated near, or on each side of, the centromere of a chromosome


cataplasm

From Latin cataplasma, from Ancient Greek κατάπλασμα (katáplasma).

Aretæus prescribes cataplasms of camomile flowers, fennel, aniseeds, cummin, rosemary, wormwood leaves, etc.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 5, member 3, subsection ii:

The Lips of the Abſceſs digeſted vvell, but from vvithin it onely gleeted, and thruſt out Fat, vvhich vve daily cut off vvithout the loſs of a drop of blood, and dreſſed up the Abſceſs vvith mundif. ex apio, continuing the uſe of diſcutient Fomentations and Cataplaſms.

1676, Richard Wiseman, “The First Book. A Treatise of Tumours. Chapter XVIII. Of an Oedema.”, in Severall Chirurgicall Treatises, London: […] E. Flesher and J. Macock, for R[ichard] Royston […], and B[enjamin] Took, […], →OCLC, page 89:

For medical purposes, figs are chiefly used in emollient cataplasms, and pectorial decoctions.

1837, Thomas Green Fessenden, James Engelbert Teschemacher, Joseph Breck, The Horticultural Register and Gardener's Magazine, volume 3, page 332:

(medicine) A plaster or poultice, spread over one's skin as medical treatment.


JDLR

JDLR (comparative more JDLR, superlative most JDLR)

more JDLR (comparative)
most JDLR (superlative)

Abbreviation of (it) just doesn't look right.

abbreviation of

(medicine, clinical presentation, informal) Largely or seemingly free of signs and symptoms, yet nonetheless with some aspect or appearance of illness, especially if ineffably.


post-nasal drip

en-noun

post-nasal drip (countable and uncountable, plural post-nasal drips)

(medicine, otolaryngology, pathology) The accumulation in the throat or back of the nose of excessive mucus produced by the sinuses.


anopia

anopia (countable and uncountable, plural anopias)

(medicine) State or condition of sightlessness, often due to medical reasons.


analgia

analgia (usually uncountable, plural analgias)

(medicine) A state of painlessness, absence of pain.


CRP

C-reactive protein
C-reactive protein#English

(biochemistry, immunology) Initialism of C-reactive protein.


morbus

I thought he were took with the Morbus one day, I did with his nasty angle!
For “oh dear,” says he, and burst out in a cry, “oh my gut is all got of a tangle!”

1838, Thomas Hood, “A Rise at the Father of Angling”, in The Comic Annual, page 47:

Probably no small share of our cholera morbuses, diarrhœas, and dysenteries, have their origin in this source.

1846, William Andrus Alcott, The Young House-keeper: Or, Thoughts on Food and Cookery, page 214:

Unfortunately, most of the morbi accepted in modern medicine are only taxonomic entities whose causal derivation is merely partially known and therefore polygenic.

1979, F. Kraupl Taylor, D. M. K. Taylor, The Concepts of Illness, Disease and Morbus, page 117:


FISH

fluorescent in situ hybridization
w:fluorescent in situ hybridization

(genetics) Acronym of fluorescent in situ hybridization: a molecular cytogenetic technique used to identify whether a DNA sample has a specific sequence.


livor

livor (countable and uncountable, plural livors)

(pathology) Skin discoloration, as from a bruise, or occurring after death.


apperceptive agnosia

(neurology) A condition in which the eye forms a good image, but the mind cannot recognize distinct shapes etc.

agnosia aperceptiva

a condition in which the mind cannot recognize distinct shapes and objects


actigraph

(medicine) An accelerometer, worn by a sleeping subject, that records sleep activities.

actígrafo

accelerometer that records sleep activities


trikatu

(Ayurveda) A digestive stimulant consisting of equal parts ginger root, black pepper, and long pepper.


schizotypal

schizotypal personality disorder
schizotypy

(psychiatry) Pertaining to or displaying mild signs of schizophrenia; pertaining to or having schizotypy

skizotypisk

pertaining to or displaying mild signs of schizophrenia


schizotypic

(psychiatry) schizotypal (displaying symptoms or signs similar to but less severe than schizophrenia)


abarticular

From ab- + articular, from Latin ab- (“away from”) + articulus (“joint”).

(medicine) Away from the joints; not articular.


entry wound

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-entry wound.wav

(pathology, forensics) A wound caused by a bullet or other object as it enters the body, as contrasted with exit wound.


DSLD

suspensory ligament
suspensory ligament#English

(pathology, equestrianism) Initialism of degenerative suspensory ligament desmitis, an equine skeletal disorder characterized by a hyperabundance of a certain proteoglycan in equine connective tissue which causes degeneration and eventually death.

equine systemic proteoglycan accumulation


insulinopenic

(pathology) Relating to a form of diabetes mellitus that results from an inadequate secretion of insulin


depurative

en-adj

depurative (comparative more depurative, superlative most depurative)

more depurative (comparative)
most depurative (superlative)

(medicine) Purifying the blood or humours; depuratory.


work up

en-verb

work up (third-person singular simple present works up, present participle working up, simple past and past participle worked up)

works up (present singular third-person)
working up (participle present)
worked up (participle past)
worked up (past)

(transitive, medicine) To give (a patient) a general medical examination to assess health and fitness.


coarticulation

en-noun

coarticulation (countable and uncountable, plural coarticulations)

(anatomy) The formation of a joint by the articulation of two bones.


ANS

autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system#English

(neuroanatomy) Initialism of autonomic nervous system.


trabeculation

(physiology) The formation of trabeculae


trabecula

trabecula (plural trabeculae or trabeculas)

From Latin trabēcula (“small beam”), diminutive of trabs (“beam, timber”).

(anatomy) A small mineralized spicule that forms a network in spongy bone.

(anatomy) A fibrous strand of connective tissue that supports it in place.

(anatomy) One of the fleshy columns, or columnae carneae, in the ventricle of the heart, to which the chordae tendineae are attached.


psychopharmaceutical

Using clinical diagnostic tools, we found that around 40% of incels had moderate-to-severe levels of depression, and a similar percentage had moderate-to-severe levels of anxiety. For context, presenting with these levels of symptoms would usually lead to an offer of psychopharmaceutical intervention from a primary healthcare provider (e.g. a GP).

2024 February 27, Andrew G. Thomas, “Incels Uncovered: How Potent Is the Black Pill?”, in Psychology Today:

(pharmacology) Any drug used to treat a psychosis or similar disorder


chorionic villus sampling

chorionic villus sampling (countable and uncountable, plural chorionic villus samplings)

(obstetrics, pathology) A form or prenatal diagnosis in which part of the placental tissue is tested for genetic abnormalities.


immunomodulatory

(immunology) Having the ability to alter or regulate immune functions


milk line

(anatomy) One of two parallel lines on the breast of a mammal along which the nipples are found.


EF

ejection fraction
ejection fraction#English

(medicine, cardiology) Initialism of ejection fraction.


node of Ranvier

node of Ranvier (plural nodes of Ranvier)

desc

→ Finnish: Ranvierin kurouma, Ranvier’n kurouma (calque)

Named for French physician Louis-Antoine Ranvier.

(anatomy) A small constriction in the myelin sheath of axons


coimmunoprecipitation

(immunology) The immunoprecipitation of multiple antigens at the same time


immunoprecipitation

en-noun

immunoprecipitation (countable and uncountable, plural immunoprecipitations)

We carried out sequential immunoprecipitations of cell lysates.

(immunology) A technique in which an antigen is precipitated from solution by using an antibody, or a particular use of this technique.


demyelinate

en-verb

demyelinate (third-person singular simple present demyelinates, present participle demyelinating, simple past and past participle demyelinated)

demyelinates (present singular third-person)
demyelinating (participle present)
demyelinated (participle past)
demyelinated (past)

From de- + myelin + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

af

(pathology) To remove the myelin sheath from a nerve

demyelinoida

to remove the myelin sheath from a nerve


halothane

en-noun

halothane (countable and uncountable, plural halothanes)

Hepatic injury due to halothane is well described and can be an indirect cause of encephalopathy.

1998, Thomas Markham Brown, Alan Stoudemire, Psychiatric Side Effects of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications:

(pharmacology) The halogenated hydrocarbon 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane that is used as an inhalational general anaesthetic.


immunocytochemical

(immunology) Relating to immunocytochemistry


immunocytochemistry

(immunology, chemistry) The field of study that encompasses immunochemistry and cytochemistry

immunosytokemia

the field of study that encompasses immunochemistry and cytochemistry


immunolabeling

(immunology) A method of identifying antigens by using antibodies containing a fluorescent tag


immunolabel

en-verb

immunolabel (third-person singular simple present immunolabels, present participle immunolabeling or immunolabelling, simple past and past participle immunolabeled or immunolabelled)

immunolabels (present singular third-person)
immunolabeling (participle present)
immunolabelling (participle present)
immunolabeled (participle past)
immunolabeled (past)
immunolabelled (participle past)
immunolabelled (past)

(immunology, transitive) To analyze antigens by using immunolabeling


immunostaining

en-noun

immunostaining (countable and uncountable, plural immunostainings)

(uncountable, immunology) Any of several staining techniques that are used to detect specific proteins.

(countable, immunology) An application of any such technique.


telencephalon

telencephalon (plural telencephalons or telencephala)

telencephalons (plural)
telencephala (plural)

From tele-, prevocalic form of teleo- + encephalon.

(neuroanatomy) The anterior part of the forebrain; the endbrain.


footplate

The footplate of the stapes develops and ossifies in conjunction with the otic capsule and thus takes its origin from the otic placode in the embryo.

2008, Michael Valente, Holly Hosford-Dunn, Ross J. Roeser, Audiology Treatment, page 218:

(anatomy) The flat portion at the base of the stapes; pedicel.


nefazodone

Probably blend of nef- (“alteration and inversion of phen(yl)”) + trazodone.

blend

(pharmacology) A serotoninergic modulating antidepressant that is used in therapy of depression, aggressive behavior and panic disorder.


venlafaxine

en-noun

venlafaxine (countable and uncountable, plural venlafaxines)

Probably from venla- (of unknown origin) + ph(enyl) + -ax- (“alteration of (cycloh)exa(ne)”) + (am)ine.

af

(pharmacology) A drug that functions as an SNRI and is used in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₇H₂₇NO₂·HCl especially to treat depression, anxiety, and panic disorder. It is marketed under the trademark Effexor.


encephalography

/ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒɡɹəfi/

(medicine) An X-ray examination of the brain in which air replaces some of the cerebrospinal fluid to act as a contrast medium


bulbil

From Spanish bulbillo, from the diminutive form of Latin bulbus, from Ancient Greek βολβός (bolbós, “plant with round swelling on underground stem”).

uder

(anatomy) A small hollow bulb, such as an enlargement in a small vessel or tube.


carus

From Ancient Greek κάρος (káros, “deep sleep”) .

(archaic, medicine) deep coma or lethargy


funiculus

From Latin funiculus, diminutive of funis (“rope, cord”) + -culus.

(anatomy) Any of several cordlike structures, especially the umbilical cord, or a bundle of nerve fibres (white matter) in the spinal cord. The white matter of the spinal cord is made of (posterior, anterior & lateral) columns/funiculi. The grey columns are also called horns but not funiculi.


laparo-

Combining form of Ancient Greek λαπάρα (lapára, “flank”), from λαπαρός (laparós, “slack, weak, hollow”).


corrigent

(medicine) Any substance added to a medicine to make it more palatable


demyelinating

(pathology) That promotes, or undergoes demyelination


TW

(pharmacology) Initialism of treatment week.


demineralization

en-noun

demineralization (countable and uncountable, plural demineralizations)

/dɪˌmɪnəɹəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

(pathology) The loss of minerals, especially those of calcium, from bone.


immunocompromised

More than seven million adults in the United States, or about 3 percent, are characterized by health professionals as immunocompromised because of a disease, medication or other treatment that weakens their body’s immune response, meaning that diseases such as Covid-19 can be more deadly to them, and that vaccines offer less protection.

2022 February 17, Amanda Morris and Maggie Astor, “Vulnerable to the Virus, High-Risk Americans Feel Pain as the U.S. Moves On”, in The New York Times:

(immunology) Having an immune system that has been impaired by disease or treatment.

immuunipuutteinen

having an immune system that has been impaired


macular

(anatomy, medicine) Relating to the macula, the area of the retina responsible for detailed central vision


macular degeneration

(pathology) A disease of the retina of the eye resulting in loss of central vision.

黃斑變性 /黄斑变性

disease of the retina of the eye resulting loss of central vision

exudative age-related macular degeneration

neurovascular age-related macular degeneration


hybridoma

hybridoma (plural hybridomas or hybridomata)

hybridomas (plural)
hybridomata (plural)

Athymic (nude) mice and rats were inoculated intraperitoneally with rat-mouse hybridoma cells secreting monoclonal antibodies to rat MHC class I antigens in order to improve the yield of antibodies.

1982, Saad A. Noeman, Dhirendra N.Misra, Robert J. Yankes, Heinz W. Kunz, Thomas J. Gill III, “Growth of Rat-mouse hybridomas in nude mice and nude rats”, in Journal of Immunological Methods, →DOI:

(immunology) A hybrid cell engineered from a lymphocyte and a tumour cell; used to generate monoclonal antibodies


preseed

The preseed is then transferred aseptically to 20-liter seed tanks [....]

1988, Roman Saliwanchik, Protecting Biotechnology Inventions: A Guide for Scientists, page 157:

The preseed was incubated with mild agitation at 30 "C for 24 h.

1990, DE Steinmeyer, ML Shuler, “Continuous operation of a pressure-cycled membrane bioreactor”, in Biotechnology Progress:

(biotechnology) A medium specially prepared for a seeding operation.


NOAD

(medicine) Initialism of no other abnormality detected.


phylogenomics

(genetics) The science that studies the relationship of the function of genes to their evolution.


rechallenge

en-verb

rechallenge (third-person singular simple present rechallenges, present participle rechallenging, simple past and past participle rechallenged)

rechallenges (present singular third-person)
rechallenging (participle present)
rechallenged (participle past)
rechallenged (past)

(medicine, pharmacology) To try a therapeutic pharmaceutical drug, suspected allergen, or medical treatment on a patient a second or subsequent time, to see if the suspected effects of the treatment occur again. This is typically performed to confirm allergic or adverse reactions to allergens or medications, but may also be used to confirm beneficial treatments or to retry a probable beneficial treatment which did not appear to be effective previously.


rechallenge

(medicine, pharmacology) The event of rechallenging as above.


omohyoid

/əʊ.məʊˈhʌɪ.ɔɪd/

Borrowing from New Latin ōmohȳoīdēs, from Ancient Greek ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”) + Latin hȳoīdēs (“U-shaped”); equivalent to omo- + hyoid. Doublet of omohyoideus.

af

(anatomy, relational) Of or relating to the shoulder and the hyoid bone.

(anatomy, relational) Of or relating to the omohyoid muscle.


omohyoid

/əʊ.məʊˈhʌɪ.ɔɪd/


MAI

(pathology) Initialism of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection.


ACE inhibitor

Circa 20th century: from Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme inhibitor.

(medicine) Any of a class of blood pressure-lowering drugs, including captopril and enalapril, that cause the arteries to widen by preventing the synthesis on angiotensin.


azelaic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An aliphatic dicarboxylic acid found in many cereals; it has an antibacterial action and is used in skin creams etc; HOOC(CH₂)₇COOH.


decompensation

en-noun

decompensation (countable and uncountable, plural decompensations)

Once it was determined that hyperthyroidism was the probable etiology of her cardiac decompensation, the next step was treatment of the underlying disease.

1982, Pamela Martyn, “If You Guessed Cardiovascular Disease, Guess again”, in American Journal of Nursing, volume 82, number 8, page 1239:

(medicine) The inability of a diseased or weakened organic system or organ to compensate for its deficiency, resulting in functional deterioration.


adenectomy

(medicine) The removal of all or part of the adenoid glands by surgery.


adenopathy

adenopathy (countable and uncountable, plural adenopathies)

(pathology) Swelling or enlargement of the glands (especially the lymph nodes); any glandular disease.


adenosis

(medicine) Benign swelling, scarring or enlargement of the lymph glands; a minor, low-risk glandular condition.


gastrocamera

(medicine) A small camera that can be lowered through the alimentary canal to photograph inside the stomach


decidua

From Latin dēciduus (“falling down or off”), from dēcidō (“fall down”).

(anatomy) A mucous membrane that lines the uterus and is shed during menstruation and modified during pregnancy.


cetrimonium

From cet(yl) + trim(ethyl) + -onium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

af

(pharmacology) The cetyltrimethylammonium radical.


chloracne

en-noun

chloracne (usually uncountable, plural chloracnes)

From chlor- + acne, in reference to the greenish pus associated with the condition.

(pathology) A form of acne caused by exposure to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons


ethylmethylthiambutene

(pharmacology) An opioid painkiller, N-ethyl-N-methyl-4,4-dithiophen-2-yl-but-3-en-2-amine, that has a narcotic effect


ethylmorphine

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic antitussive.


etonitazene

In fact, apart from clonitazene and etonitazene, which are controlled under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961,³⁹ none of the previously described 2-benzylbenzimidazole opioids are currently under (international) control.^(22,24)

2021, Marthe M. VandeputteKatleen Van Uytfangheet al., “Synthesis, Chemical Characterization, and μ‑Opioid Receptor Activity Assessment of the Emerging Group of “Nitazene” 2‑Benzylbenzimidazole Synthetic Opioids”, in ACS Chemical Neuroscience, volume 12, number 7, →DOI, page 1241:

(pharmacology) A potent synthetic opioid analgesic of the nitazene group, used as an illicit drug.


etorphine

From eth(ylene) + -orphine (“morphinan derivate”).

af

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


etoxeridine

From ethox(y) + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


fentanyl

en-noun

fentanyl (countable and uncountable, plural fentanyls)

Approved name ! Other names ! Action and use
Fentanyl .. ! 1-Phenethyl-f-(N-propionylanilino)-piperidine ! Narcotic; analgesic

1963 November 23, British Pharmacopoeia Commission, “Approved names”, in British Medical Journal, page 1327:

Fentanyl represents the latest wave of a rolling drug epidemic that has been fueled by prescription painkillers, as addicts continue to seek higher highs and cheaper fixes. “It started out as an opioid epidemic, then heroin, but now it’s a fentanyl epidemic,” Maura Healey, the attorney general of Massachusetts, said in an interview.

2016 March 25, Katharine Q. Seelye, “Heroin Epidemic Is Yielding to a Deadlier Cousin: Fentanyl”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Lil Peep died of an overdose of fentanyl and generic Xanax, according to the Pima Country Office of the Medical Examiner.

2017 December 8, Kory Grow, “Lil Peep Cause of Death Revealed”, in Rolling Stone:

Including, he warns, ketamine and even fentanyl. The crime syndicates have the capacity, he says, and a worldwide distribution network already in place.

2019 July 4, Michael Sullivan, “In Myanmar, Methamphetamine, Synthetic Drug Production Soars”, in NPR.org:

Coolio, the gritty rapper best known for his hit “Gangsta’s Paradise,” died from the effects of fentanyl, heroin and methamphetamine, according to the Los Angeles County medical examiner.

2023 April 6, McKenna Oxenden, “Fentanyl Contributed to Coolio’s Death, Medical Examiner Says”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(pharmacology) A synthetic opioid narcotic analgesic C₂₂H₂₈N₂O with pharmacological action similar to morphine that is administered transdermally as a skin patch and in the form of its citrate C₂₂H₂₈N₂O·C₆H₈O₇ is administered orally or parenterally (as by intravenous or epidural injection); N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]propanamide.


furethidine

From fur(furyl) + -ethidine (“pethidine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is related to the opioid analgesic drug pethidine.


levorphanol

From lev- + -orphan (“morphinan derivate”) + -ol.

(pharmacology) An addictive drug used especially in the form of its hydrated tartrate C₁₇H₂₃NO·C₄H₆O₆·2H₂O as a potent analgesic with properties similar to morphine.


lofentanil

From [Term?] + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).


MS Contin

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller: time-release morphine pills.


metazocine

From meth(yl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).


oxymorphone

From (hydr)oxy + (dihydro)morph(ine) + -one.


oxilorphan

From (hydr)oxy + l(evo)- + -orphan (“morphinan derivate”).


pentazocine

en-noun

pentazocine (countable and uncountable, plural pentazocines)

From pent(enyl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound that is a potent nonaddictive analgesic, often given during childbirth.


phenazocine

From phen(ylethyl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).


pheneridine

From phen- + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


phenoperidine

(pharmacology) A particular general anesthetic, an opioid.


pholcodine

(pharmacology) An opioid antitussive, C₂₃H₃₀N₂O₄.


properidine

From prop- + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


remifentanil

(pharmacology) A potent ultra short-acting synthetic opioid (trademark Ultiva) given to patients during surgery for pain relief and adjunctive to an anesthetic.


semorphone

From [Term?] + -orphone (“morphinan derivate”).


dihydrocodeine

en-noun

dihydrocodeine (usually uncountable, plural dihydrocodeines)


dihydromorphine

dihydromorphine (usually uncountable, plural dihydromorphines)


dimenoxadol

Probably from dime(thylami)no + (eth)ox(y) + -adol (“analgesic”).


diphenoxylate

(pharmacology) An antidiarrheal agent (trademark Lomotil) chemically related to pethidine and administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₃₀H₃₂N₂O₂·HCl in combination with the sulfate of atropine.


acetyldihydrocodeine

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller and antitussive.


alfentanil

Probably from (tetr)a(zo)l(e) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic short-acting opioid with analgesic and local anesthesia enhancing activity.


alvimopan

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


anileridine

From anil(ine) + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


apomorphine

en-noun

apomorphine (countable and uncountable, plural apomorphines)

(pharmacology) A crystalline morphine derivative that is a dopamine agonist, used as an emetic and is injected subcutaneously in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₇H₁₇NO₂·HCl·1/2H₂O to treat episodes of immobility associated with advanced Parkinson's disease.


benzethidine

From benz- + -ethidine (“pethidine derivative”).


butorphanol

From (cyclo)but(yl) + -orphan (“opioid receptor antagonist/agonist”) + -ol.

(pharmacology) A synthetic analgesic and antitussive opioid drug (trademark Stadol) administered in the form of its tartrate C₂₁H₂₉NO₂·C₄H₆O₆ as a nasal spray or by injection especially for the relief of pain.


carfentanil

From car(boxylate) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

He’d been hearing rumours lately of carfentanil in the supply line, which terrified him: one hundred times stronger than fentanyl, approved for the sole purpose of tranquilizing elephants.

2020, Emily St. John Mandel, The Glass Hotel, Picador (2021), page 292:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A narcotic painkiller that is four orders of magnitude more potent than morphine, used for tranquilizing large animals and abused as a recreational drug.


cyclazocine

en-noun

cyclazocine (countable and uncountable, plural cyclazocines)

From cycl(opropyl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).


cyprenorphine

From cy(clo)pr(opyl) + [Term?] + -orphine (“morphinan derivate”).


sufentanil

From su(lfur) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

(pharmacology) An opioid analgesic that is administered intravenously in the form of its citrate C₂₂H₃₀N₂O₂S·C₆H₈O₇ as an anesthetic or an anesthetic adjuvant.


tapentadol

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


trefentanil

From [Term?] + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).


benproperine

(pharmacology) A particular cough suppressant.


tablier

(anatomy) An enlarged labia minora characteristic of certain African women.


EK

endothelial keratoplasty
endothelial keratoplasty#English

(medicine) Initialism of endothelial keratoplasty.

DSEK

Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty

DSAEK

Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty


guaiacolsulfonate

(pharmacology) A particular expectorant.


adapalene

Probably from ada(mantyl) + p(henyl) + (naphth)alene.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A retinoid C₂₈H₂₈O₃ applied topically to the skin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It is marketed under the trademark Differin and when used in combination with benzoyl peroxide, under the trademark Epiduo.


amiodarone

From ami(no)- + iod- + (coum)arone (“benzofuran”).

(pharmacology) an antiarrhythmic drug administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₅H₂₉I₂NO₃·HCl and used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia


decompensate

en-verb

decompensate (third-person singular simple present decompensates, present participle decompensating, simple past and past participle decompensated)

decompensates (present singular third-person)
decompensating (participle present)
decompensated (participle past)
decompensated (past)

The infant whose heart is decompensating has a rapid pulse, rapid respirations, and respiratory distress.

1967, Virginia Pidgeon, “The Infant with Congenital Heart Disease”, in The American Journal of Nursing, volume 67, number 2, page 291:

In some cases, the fragile individual, overwhelmed by the implicit demands and expectations for sociability, coherence, and "constructive" behavior, rapidly decompensates, taking flight into psychosis or protective withdrawal.

1983, Nancy Scheper-Hughes, “A Proposal for the Aftercare of Chronic Psychiatric Patients”, in Medical Anthropology Quarterly, volume 14, number 2, pages 11–12:

(medicine, psychology, of a bodily organ or mental state) To deteriorate in function due to an inability to invoke normal defensive mechanisms that compensate for ailments and other stresses.


5′ end

(biochemistry, genetics) A nucleic acid strand which terminates at the chemical group attached to the fifth carbon in the sugar ring.


3′ end

(biochemistry, genetics) A nucleic acid strand which terminates at the hydroxyl (-OH) chemical group attached to the third carbon in the sugar ring.


genotoxicity

en-noun

genotoxicity (countable and uncountable, plural genotoxicities)

From geno- + toxicity or genotoxic + -ity.

Genotoxicity refers to potentially harmful effects on genetic material (DNA) which may occur directly through the induction of permanent transmissible changes (mutations) in the amount or structure of the DNA within cells.

2009, Lutz Müller, Anke Lühe, “Preclinical safety testing”, in John P. Griffin, editor, The Textbook of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 6th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN, page 120:

(oncology, uncountable) The condition of being genotoxic.

(oncology, countable) The relative toxicity of a genotoxin.


mastalgia

mastalgia (usually uncountable, plural mastalgias)

From mast- (“relating to the breasts”) + -algia (“forming words denoting kinds of pain”).


balanitis

From balanus (“glans”) + -itis (“inflammatory disease”).

af

(pathology) Inflammation of the glans penis.


cluster headache

en-noun

cluster headache (plural cluster headaches)

So called because such headaches tend to occur together, i.e. in clusters.

(pathology) An extremely painful, cyclical and unilateral headache.


diverticulosis

diverticulosis (countable and uncountable, plural diverticuloses)

Unless the pouches are discovered in the course of an unrelated exam, like a colonoscopy, most people with diverticulosis don’t know they have it.

2019 October 28, Jane E. Brody, “Fiber in Fruits and Grains Protects Against Diverticulitis”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(pathology) The condition of having diverticula, or small pouches, formed along the mucosa of the colon.


metagenomic

(genetics) Of or pertaining to metagenomics


pneumatocele

(medicine) A hernia or air-filled cyst within the lung.

(medicine) A gaseous swelling, especially within the scrotum.


trinucleotide repeat disorder

trinucleotide repeat disorder (plural trinucleotide repeat disorders)

(genetics, medicine) Any of a group of disorders caused by stretches of DNA that contain a sequence of three nucleotides repeated many times


streptokinase

(biochemistry, pharmacology) An enzyme produced by some streptococci which is involved in breaking down red blood cells by activating plasminogen to produce plasmin. It is used to treat blood clots and inflammation.


deoxyribonucleic

deoxyribonucleic acid
deoxyribonucleic acid

(genetics) Of or pertaining to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or its derivatives.


ribonucleic

(genetics) Of or pertaining to ribonucleic acid (RNA) or its derivatives

рыбануклеі́навы

of or pertaining to RNA or its derivatives


mammillary body

mammillary body (plural mammillary bodies)

From mammillary (“resembling a breast or nipple”) + body.

The mammillary body is the most posterior part of the hypothalamus; there exist medially large and small cell divisions.

2004, Robert Melillo, Gerry Leisman, Neurobehavioral Disorders of Childhood: An Evolutionary Perspective, page 99:

The anterior column of the fornix extends inferiorly to converge upon the anterolateral aspect of the mammillary body.

2010, Thomas P. Naidich, Henri M. Duvernoy, Bradley N. Delman, Duvernoy's Atlas of the Human Brain Stem and Cerebellum, page 380:

Mair, Warrington, and Weiskrantz (1979) suggested that the mammillary body lesions (present in each of these patients) may account for the memory loss. Lesions restricted to the mammillary bodies have not been associated with deficits on DNMS^([delayed non-match to sample]) tasks in monkeys (Aggleton & Mishkin, 1985); however, deficits have been found on spatial memory tasks in monkeys (Parker & Gaffan, 1997) and in rats (Sziklas & Petrides, 1998).

2012, Kenneth M. Heilman, Edward Valenstein, Clinical Neuropsychology, page 521:

(anatomy) One of a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the human brain, that act as a relay for impulses coming from the amygdalae and hippocampi to the thalamus, and (as part of the diencephalon) form part of the limbic system.


immunosurveillance

(immunology) The continuous monitoring process of the immune system whereby abnormal cells are recognized and destroyed


hyperalgesia

hyperalgesia (countable and uncountable, plural hyperalgesias)

(medicine) An increased sensitivity to pain, which in one form is caused by damage to nociceptors in the body's soft tissues.


lues

And which in ravage the more loathsome evil is— / Their real lues, or our pseudo-syphilis?

1819 July 15, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, canto I, (please specify the stanza number):

There seemed to be no history of lues or any other family illness in the background.

1983, Lawrence Durrell, Sebastian (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 2004, page 1031:

(dated, medicine) A plague or disease, especially syphilis.


AML

AML (countable and uncountable, plural AMLs)

Secondary AML was assigned if a patient had a history of chemotherapy/radiation therapy for a malignancy and/or had a history of preleukemic disease (eg, myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS], myeloproliferative neoplasm [MPN]).

2018, C Ustan et al., “Core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21): Risk factors and a novel scoring system (I-CBFit)”, in Cancer Medicine:

acute myeloid leukemia
acute myeloid leukemia#English

(countable, uncountable, hematology, oncology) Initialism of acute myeloid leukemia.

acute myeloblastic leukemia
acute myeloblastic leukemia#English

(oncology, hematology) Initialism of acute myeloblastic leukemia.

acute myelogenous leukemia
acute myelogenous leukemia#English

(oncology, hematology) Initialism of acute myelogenous leukemia.


AMR

American Medical Response
w:American Medical Response

(emergency medicine) Initialism of American Medical Response.


AMR

AMR (countable and uncountable, plural AMRs)

2018, Thomas Cueni, "Pulling Together To Thwart A Silent Killer", Life Science Leader, VertMarkets
The threat stems from antimicrobial resistance or AMR, as this silent killer is called.

(medicine) Initialism of antimicrobial resistance.

antibody-mediated rejection
antibody-mediated rejection#English

(pathology) Initialism of antibody-mediated rejection.


APCR

activated protein C resistance
w:Activated protein C resistance

(medicine) Initialism of activated protein C resistance.


methylome

The reprogramming of parental methylomes is essential for embryonic development.

2019, He-Feng Huan et al., “16: The Intergenerational Effects on Fetal Programming”, in Peter C. K. Leung, Jie Qiao, editors, Human Reproductive and Prenatal Genetics, Elsevier (Academic Press), page 372:

(genetics) The set of nucleic acid methylation modifications in an organism's genome or in a particular cell.


OB-GYN

OB-GYN (countable and uncountable, plural OB-GYNs)

He was a doctor; she was a nurse. She assumed he was the authority on this part of the body. “I never worked in OB-GYN before,” said Gillian, who asked to be identified by her first name to protect her privacy. “I was pretty clueless.”

2022 October 17, Rachel E. Gross, “Half the World Has a Clitoris. Why Don’t Doctors Study It?”, in The New York Times:

(uncountable, informal, medicine, initialism, acronym) Obstetrics and gynecology.


brachycephaly

brachycephaly (countable and uncountable, plural brachycephalies)

(pathology) A congenital condition wherein the skull is flattened front-to-back, so that the head is short and broad.


scaphocephaly

(pathology) A congenital condition wherein the skull is flattened side-to-side.


sciatic nerve

His right hand detoured to cover his left shoulder and I kicked him in his mid right thigh, finding, it appeared, his sciatic nerve.

2022, Percival Everett, Dr. No, Influx Press (2023), page 142:

(neuroanatomy) A large nerve that starts in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb.


ionotropy

(physiology) The regulation of neurotransmitters or cell receptors by ion channels


posttranslational modification

posttranslational modification (plural posttranslational modifications)

(biochemistry, genetics) Any of several types of modification made to a protein subsequent to the translation phase of its biosynthesis


orbital cavity

orbital cavity (plural orbital cavities)


heart valve

(anatomy, cardiology) Any of the valves in the heart which prevent blood from moving in the wrong direction.


neuroglia

neuroglia (plural neuroglia or neuroglias)


fulminating

en-adj

fulminating (comparative more fulminating, superlative most fulminating)

more fulminating (comparative)
most fulminating (superlative)

(medicine) Describing any sudden and severe (often fatal) inflammation


interlaminar

interlaminar (comparative more interlaminar, superlative most interlaminar)

more interlaminar (comparative)
most interlaminar (superlative)

(anatomy) Between the ectoderm and the endoderm.


trigonal

trigonal (comparative more trigonal, superlative most trigonal)

more trigonal (comparative)
most trigonal (superlative)

From Latin trigōnālis (“triangular”), equivalent to trigon + -al.


trigone

From French trigone, from Latin trigōnum, from Ancient Greek τρῐ́γωνον (trĭ́gōnon). Doublet of trigon and trigonon.

(anatomy) A smooth triangular area on the inner surface of the bladder, bounded by the apertures of the ureters and urethra; a similar region of a mitral valve


GCS

The higher the GCS the lower the priority.

(emergency medicine) Initialism of Glasgow Coma Scale, a system used by medical workers to score the severity of a patient being transported by ambulance on a number scale.

Glasgow Coma Scale

Costs for GCS can vary depending on regional factors, surgeon competence, and competition.

2017, Kevin L. Nadal, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender, SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 704:

gender confirmation surgery
gender confirmation surgery#English

(medicine) Initialism of gender confirmation surgery.


sore throat

en-noun

sore throat (countable and uncountable, plural sore throats)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sore throat.wav

Complains of a bad taste in his mouth ; there is some sore throat and difficulty of deglutition ; appetite very bad ; not very thirsty[…].

1846, C. H. J. Routh, “Hospital reports”, in Thomas Wakley, Henry Bennet, editors, The London Lancet, volume IV, page 78:

Some sore throat is a common symptom also in erysipelas of the scalp.

1879, Prosser James, Sore throat, its nature, varieties, and treatment', page 135:

I have a bit of sore throat.

2010, Kate Valery, “Prayer at the Bus Stop”, in Love Triangle: Anthology of Poetry and Short Stories, page 12:

(pathology, uncountable) The same, as a common symptom for many viral and bacterial infections.


stylet

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-stylet.wav

From French stylet (“stiletto”), from Middle French stilet (“stiletto”), from Old Italian stiletto. Doublet of stiletto.

(surgery) A slender medical probe or device.


circumduction

Borrowed from Latin circumductiō (“a leading or conducting around”), from circumdūcō (“to lead or draw around”) + -tiō (nominal suffix).

af

Windmilling the arms and rotating the hand from the wrist are examples of circumduction.

ball-and-socket joint
ball-and-socket joint

(anatomy) The circular (or, more precisely, conical) movement of a body part, such as a ball-and-socket joint or the eye. It consists of a combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction.


retinotectal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the retina and the optic tectum


phenothiazine

(medicine) Any of a family of pharmaceuticals, derived from this compound, used to treat schizophrenia etc.


interdental

After he was struck by lightning, Melnyk suffered chronic problems with his teeth, despite brushing and flossing and using interdentals and even a Water Pic.

2012, The Malahat Review, numbers 178-181, page 79:

(dentistry) A small toothbrush for cleaning in between adjacent teeth.


personality disorder

en-noun

personality disorder (plural personality disorders)

They hadn't reckoned with the attendant personality disorders, which the coldness, the darkness, the dampness, the crampedness and the loneliness were doing nothing to decrease.

1982, Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything, page 136:

Insanity can be cured. Personality disorders are so inextricably entwined with the heart and mind and soul that it is well-nigh impossible to excise them. It would be far less difficult to eradicate Diane's giant rose tattoo than it would be to change her perception of herself and others.

1987, Ann Rule, Small Sacrifices (fiction), page 442:

(psychiatry) Any of a class of mental disorders characterized by ongoing rigid patterns of thought and action.


paronychia

paronychia (countable and uncountable, plural paronychias or paronychiae)

paronychias (plural)
paronychiae (plural)

/ˌpæɹəˈnɪki.ə/

From Latin paronychia, plural of paronychium. From πᾰρᾰ- (pără-, “beside”) + ὄνυξ (ónux, “nail”).

af

(medicine) An infection under the cuticle of a fingernail or toenail.


euploidy

en-noun

euploidy (usually uncountable, plural euploidies)

(genetics) The condition of having a chromosome number that is an exact multiple of the haploid number for the species.


raptus

From Latin raptus, from rapio (“seize”).


tetracyclic

(medicine) Describing any pharmaceutical based upon tetracycline


-centesis

From Ancient Greek κέντησις (kéntēsis, “the act of pricking”), from κεντέω (kentéō, “I prick”).

bor

The doctor performed a pericardiocentesis to remove the excess fluid from around the patient’s heart.


thermolysis

(physiology) The dissipation of heat from the body, especially by evaporation or radiation


sinusotomy

(medicine) A surgical operation in which an incision is made in a sinus.


cerebrovascular

(anatomy) Relating to the blood vessels that run to or from the brain.

腦血管 /脑血管

relating to the blood vessels that run to or from the brain


thromboxane

(organic chemistry, medicine) Any of a number of eicosanoids, related to prostaglandin, that have a role in the clotting of blood


anxiolytic

en-adj

anxiolytic (comparative more anxiolytic, superlative most anxiolytic)

more anxiolytic (comparative)
most anxiolytic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That reduces anxiety; tranquilizing


anxiolytic

(pharmacology) A drug prescribed for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety.


nocodazole

(medicine) An antineoplastic compound methyl 5-(2-thenoyl)-2-benzimidazolecarbamate which inhibits the growth of microtubules


cytidine

(biochemistry, genetics) A nucleoside consisting of cytosine linked to ribose, occurring in human RNA


deoxycytidine

(biochemistry, genetics) A nucleoside consisting of cytosine linked to deoxyribose


thymidine

(biochemistry, genetics) The nucleoside consisting of a combination of deoxyribose and thymine


mesylate

(pharmacology) Alternative form of mesilate.


pseudouridine

en-noun

pseudouridine (countable and uncountable, plural pseudouridines)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudouridine.wav

(biochemistry, genetics) An isomer of uridine, 5-ribosyluracil, associated with RNA


palatal expander

palatal expander (plural palatal expanders)

(dentistry) A device used to widen the upper jaw so that the bottom and upper teeth will fit together better.


expander

(dentistry) A device used to widen the upper jaw so that the bottom and upper teeth will fit together better; a palatal expander.


pleiotropy

pleiotropy (countable and uncountable, plural pleiotropies)

Coined by Ludwig Plate in 1910, from Ancient Greek πλείων (pleíōn) + -tropy; by surface analysis, pleio- + -tropy.

This experimental design is analogous to the experiment that we performed to test whether antagonistic pleiotropy operates as a genetic mechanism in the evolution of late-life mortality rate plateaus.

2011, Laurence D. Mueller, Casandra L. Rauser, Michael R. Rose, Does Aging Stop?, Oxford University Press, page 65:

George C. Williams (1957) first developed the idea that pleiotropy might be an important determinant of senescence. Pleiotropy simply means that single genes have multiple effects. With regard to aging, Williams proposed that the same genes could have beneficial effects early in life but detrimental effects late in life. Because the effects are counteracting, the theory has been called "antagonistic pleiotropy."

2015, Lynnette L. Sievert, “Chapter 22: Human Senescence”, in Michael P. Muehlenbein, editor, Basics in Human Evolution, Elsevier (Academic Press), page 315:

Much of the recent discussion of the extent of pleiotropy has been stimulated by the work of Gunter Wagner and colleagues (Wagner et al. 2008; Wagner & Zhang 2011), taking advantage of recent methodological advances to test a hypothesis of universal pleiotropy, whereby all traits are affected by each gene.

2016, Mark W. Blows, Katrina McGuigan, “11: The distribution of genetic variance across phenotypic space and the response to selection”, in Spencer C. H. Barrett, Robert I. Colautti, Katrina M. Dlugosch, Loren H. Rieseberg, editors, Invasion Genetics, Wiley, page 192:

(genetics) The influence of a single gene on multiple phenotypic traits; pleiotropism.

(pharmacology) The existence of drug effects (especially beneficial effects) other than the one for which the drug was designed.


pleiotropism

pleiotropism (countable and uncountable, plural pleiotropisms)


clinicopathology

clinicopathology (countable and uncountable, plural clinicopathologies)

Study objectives: To determine the incidence and mortality as well as to analyze the clinical and pathologic changes of aortic dissection.

2000, Mészáros I, Mórocz J, Szlávi J, Schmidt J, Tornóci L, Nagy L, Szép L, “Epidemiology and clinicopathology of aortic dissection”, in Chest, volume 117, number 5, →DOI, →PMID, pages 1271–1278:

(medicine) The study of the signs and symptoms of a disease and also of its pathology, especially with regard to their correlations.


minimus

(anatomy) The little finger or the little toe


hemolysis

hemolysis (countable and uncountable, plural hemolyses)

From hemo- + -lysis, from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) + λύσις (lúsis, “loosening”).

(medicine) The destruction of red blood cells, and subsequent release of hemoglobin, at the normal end of the cell's life.


estriol

estriol (countable and uncountable, plural estriols)

/ˈɛˌstɹaɪˌɔl/

(American spelling, biochemistry, steroids, pharmacology) A relatively weak natural estrogenic hormone that is a glycol C₁₈H₂₄O₃ found in the body chiefly as a metabolite of estradiol, is the main estrogen secreted by the placenta during pregnancy, and is the estrogen typically found in the urine of pregnant women.


allantoid

From French allantoïde, and its source, Renaissance Latin allantoides, from Koine Greek ἀλλαντοειδής (allantoeidḗs, “sausage-shaped”), from Ancient Greek ἀλλᾶς (allâs, “sausage”). By surface analysis, allant- + -oid.

der

ἀλλαντοειδής

The allantoide in some animals seems to have become extinct; in others is above tenfold the size, which would seem necessary for its purpose.

1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 8:


allantoid

en-adj

allantoid (comparative more allantoid, superlative most allantoid)

more allantoid (comparative)
most allantoid (superlative)

der

ἀλλαντοειδής


tomentum

(anatomy) A network of fine blood vessels between the pia mater and the cerebral cortex.


prostatic adenocarcinoma

en-noun

prostatic adenocarcinoma (countable and uncountable, plural prostatic adenocarcinomas)

(oncology, pathology) Adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland, accounting for over 95% of prostate cancers.


tetracaine

tetracaine (countable and uncountable, plural tetracaines)

From tetra- + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

(pharmacology) A crystalline basic ester C₁₅H₂₄N₂O₂ that is closely related chemically to procaine and is used chiefly in the form of its hydrochloride as a local anesthetic.


trisoligonucleotide

(genetics) An assembly of three short strands of DNA (oligonucleotides) around a branching junction; they have been used to build nanoscale structures


vagotomy

(surgery) The surgical resection of the vagus nerve so as to reduce the secretion of acid in the stomach and so control duodenal ulcers.


hypochromic

en-adj

hypochromic (comparative more hypochromic, superlative most hypochromic)

more hypochromic (comparative)
most hypochromic (superlative)

(medicine) Having a lower than normal amount of hemoglobin in the red blood cells


hyperchromic

hyperchromic (comparative more hyperchromic, superlative most hyperchromic)

more hyperchromic (comparative)
most hyperchromic (superlative)

(medicine) Having a higher than normal amount of hemoglobin in the red blood cells.


PIV

(medicine) Initialism of peripheral intravenous.


PIV

en-noun

PIV (countable and uncountable, plural PIVs)

(pathology) Abbreviation of parainfluenza virus.


MTP

MTP (countable and uncountable, plural MTPs)

(anatomy) Initialism of medial tibial plateau.

Every time you push off and hyperextend the toe, which happens when doing something as simple as taking a step or more strenuous like cutting and jumping, the MTP joint is involved.

2022 June 20, Virginia Zakas, “The 5 injuries that can derail a fantasy season — and what they mean for your team”, in The New York Times:

(anatomy) Initialism of metatarsophalangeal joint.


quartan

From Anglo-Norman quartaine, Old French quartaine, from Latin quartāna (short for febris quartana), noun use of feminine form of quartānus (“recurring every four days”), from quartus (“fourth”).

an Egyptian at Alexandria, whose quartan resisted the strongest applications of European physic, was effectually healed by the actual cautery, which a certain Arab Shaykh applied to the crown of his head.

1855, Sir Richard Burton, Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah, Dover, published 1964, page 54:

(medicine, historical) A fever whose symptoms recur every four days.


quartan

Pork, of all meats, is[…]naught for queasy stomachs, insomuch that frequent use of it may breed a quartan ague.

1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, page 218:

(medicine) Recurring every four days; especially in designating a form of malaria with such symptoms.


gentamicin

gentamicin (countable and uncountable, plural gentamicins)

Alteration of gentamycin, as a blend of gentian violet + kanamycin, from the color of the actinomycete.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic mixture, derived from an actinomycete (Micromonospora echinospora), extensively used as the sulfate in treating severe systemic bacterial infections (as of the urinary tract); (3R,4R,5R)-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,6S)-3-amino-6-[(1R)-1-(methylamino)ethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol.


reabsorption

reabsorption (countable and uncountable, plural reabsorptions)

(physiology) The subsequent absorption of a secreted substance.


sinusoid

From the French sinusoïde, equivalent to sinus + -oid.

Ren et al. 36 insisted that human MSC can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells but do not accelerate the capillarization and venularization of hepatic sinusoids, finally leading to the partial improvement of liver function in mice with CCl4-mediated chronic liver fibrosis.

2013 February 28, Sang-Tae Choi et al., “Therapeutic potentials occurring during the early differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells in a rats model with thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis”, in Korean Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, volume 17, →DOI:

(anatomy) Any of several channels through which venous blood passes in various organs.


sinusoid

en-adj

sinusoid (comparative more sinusoid, superlative most sinusoid)

more sinusoid (comparative)
most sinusoid (superlative)


succinimide

(medicine) Any of a group of anticonvulsant drugs used to treat epilepsy.


diamorphine

(pharmacology) The BAN name for the drug heroin.


amatoxin

(toxicology) Any of a class of toxic peptides produced by several mushrooms of the genus Amanita and others.

amatoksiini

any of a class of toxic peptides produced by amanitas


anticholinergic

While the hallucinations produced by jimsonweed and other anticholinergics are frequently described as frightening or even “nightmarish,” the toxic anticholinergic syndrome caused by jimsonweed can include seizures, CNS depression, respiratory failure, and cardiac abnormalities, all of which can be life-threatening.

2022, Jerrold S. Meyer, Andrew M. Farrar, Dominik Biezonski, Jennifer R. Yates, editors, Psychopharmacology, Fourth edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 63:

(medicine) Any of a class of drugs, typically used to treat various disorders and some forms of poisoning, which inhibit the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site.

Anticholinergikum

any drug which inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site


anticholinesterase

(pharmacology) Any agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase

anticolinesterase

any agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase


antimetabolite

(medicine) Any substance that competes with, or inhibits the normal metabolic process, often by acting as an analogue of an essential metabolite.

antimétabolite

any substance that competes with, or inhibits the normal metabolic process


antimuscarinic

antimuscarinic (comparative more antimuscarinic, superlative most antimuscarinic)

more antimuscarinic (comparative)
most antimuscarinic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That disrupts the action of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, and/or of muscarine itself, in the nervous system.

antimuscarínico

that disrupts the action of muscarine on the nervous system


capitulum

en-noun

capitulum (plural capitulums or capitula)

Borrowed from Latin capitulum. Doublet of chapiter and chapter.

(anatomy) A small protuberance on a bone which articulates into another bone to form a ball-and-socket joint.


antinicotinic

en-adj

antinicotinic (comparative more antinicotinic, superlative most antinicotinic)

more antinicotinic (comparative)
most antinicotinic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That inhibits the actions of nicotine and nicotine-like agents on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors


syngeneic transplantation

en-noun

syngeneic transplantation (countable and uncountable, plural syngeneic transplantations)

(medicine) A transplantation in which donor and receiver are genetically identical twins.


candidiasis

candidiasis (countable and uncountable, plural candidiases)

(pathology) A fungal infection of any of the Candida (yeast) species.


arseniasis

arseniasis (countable and uncountable, plural arseniases)


arthropathy

(pathology) Any of several diseases of a joint

artropatia

medicine: any of several diseases of a joint


bagassosis

(medicine) A pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of dust from sugarcane processing


coelioscopy

By surface analysis, coel- + -i- + -o- + -scopy.


yeast infection

en-noun

yeast infection (plural yeast infections)

(medicine) Any infection by a fungus of the genus Candida; candidiasis


nephron

From Ancient Greek νεφρός (nephrós, “kidney”) + -on.

der

(anatomy) The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney, which filters the blood in order to regulate chemical concentrations, and thereby produces urine.


nasogastric

(medicine) Pertaining both to the nose and to the stomach.

(medicine, usually and more specifically) Pertaining to nasogastric intubation, wherein a tube is inserted through the nostril, past the throat, and into the stomach.


phytopharmaceutical

(pharmacology) Describing pharmaceutical agents of plant origin.


phytopharmaceutical

(pharmacology) A pharmaceutical agent of plant origin.


bioequivalence

(pharmacology) A measure of the equivalence of multiple formulations of a drug in terms of bioavailability


brevetoxin

From dinoflagellate species Karenia brevis + toxin.

neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
neurotoxic shellfish poisoning

(organic chemistry, toxicology) Any of a class of complex polycyclic polyethers that cause neurotoxic shellfish poisoning


bronchoconstriction

en-noun

bronchoconstriction (countable and uncountable, plural bronchoconstrictions)

(medicine) A narrowing of the air passages through the bronchi of the lungs


bronchodilation

bronchodilation (countable and uncountable, plural bronchodilations)

(medicine) An expansion of the air passages through the bronchi of the lungs


onycho-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux).

(anatomy, medicine) Nail: Relating to fingernails, toenails, or homologous structures such as claws or hooves.

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary


RCN

The RCN’s general secretary, Pat Cullen, has stressed that nurses do not want to strike but feel obliged to do so because, with soaring inflation, the government’s pay offer amounts to a real-terms cut in their salaries after a decade in which the value of experienced nurses’ pay has already fallen by 20%.

2022 December 15, “Tens of thousands of UK nurses go on strike in first such industrial action in NHS history”, in The Guardian:

Royal College of Nursing
w:Royal College of Nursing

(UK, medicine) Initialism of Royal College of Nursing, a registered trade union for nursing.


haplophyte

From haplo- (“single; simple”) + -phyte (“plant”).

confix

(genetics) Having the normal number of chromosomes characteristic of the organism's gametes