gyoji

gyoji (plural)
gyojis (plural)
gyōji (alternative)

Informants stated that from time immemorial the Emperor himself was a sumo fan, and that it would be disrespectful to appear before him clad in only a long belt-like affair, such as gyojis wear, without his prior consent.

1945 January–March, Marvin K[aufmann] Opler, “A ‘Sumo’ Tournament at Tule Lake Center”, in Ralph Linton, editor, American Anthropologist, volume 47, number 1, Menasha, Wis.: American Anthropological Association, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 137:


fumidawara

Borrowed from Japanese 踏み俵 (fumidawara, “stepping-bale”).

bor

(sumo) rice bales used at the side of the dohyo at steps


tawara

(sumo) Any of the straw bales, packed with earth, placed in a circle on the dohyo and forming the area that the rikishi must stay inside.


fusa

(sumo) The four knotted tassels hanging from the roof of the dohyo; symbolising the four seasons.


fusen

Borrowed from Japanese 不戦 (fusen, “not fighting, not competing”).

(sumo) A sumo match that is cancelled due to the absence of one of the rikishi.


fusenpai

(sumo) a loss by default for failing to appear, normally because of injury


fusensho

(sumo) a win by default due to the opponent not appearing, normally due to injury


gino-sho

(sumo) a prize for technique; one of the sansho prizes


sansho

(sumo) Any of the three special prizes awarded at the end of a basho.

三賞

special prize awarded at the end of a basho


kanto-sho

(sumo) A special prize for fighting-spirit; one of the sansho prizes.


shukun-sho

(sumo) A special prize for outstanding performance; one of the sansho prizes.


gunbai

From Japanese 軍配 (“war fan”), shortened form of 軍配団扇 (gunbai uchiwa).

(sumo) The lacquered wooden fan used by the gyoji.


hanazumo

From Japanese 花相撲 (hana-zumō, literally “flower sumo”).

(sumo) A special sumo exhibition tournament.


haridashi

(sumo) an extra rikishi at a rank that normally only allows two


heyagashira

(sumo) the rikishi of highest rank in a particular heya


higashi

From Japanese 東 (higashi, “east”), from the way the eastern or right side of the sumo ranking list is considered more prestigious, by analogy with the rising sun as opposed to the setting sun.

(sumo) The (more prestigious) right-hand side of the banzuke.

(sumo) A rikishi listed on the right side of the banzuke.


nishi

From Japanese 西 (nishi, “west”), from the way the western or left side of the sumo ranking list is considered less prestigious, by analogy with the setting sun as opposed to the rising sun.

(sumo) the left-hand (less prestigious) side of the banzuke (番付, “ranking list”)

(sumo) a rikishi (力士, “sumo wrestler”) listed on the left side of the banzuke


hyoshigi

I put the glasses down and found that my heart was beating fast, thumping with an accelerating sound like that of the hyoshigi which I had last heard in that sombre vaporous gallery in the Wallace Collection.

1978, Iris Murdoch, The Sea, The Sea, Vintage, published 1999, page 247:

(sumo) One of the wooden sticks that are clapped by the yobidashi to draw the spectator's attention.


yobidashi

(sumo) Any of the functionaries whose tasks include building the dohyo, making announcements, singing the shikona of each rikishi and advising them of preparation time.


shikona

(sumo) The wrestling name of a rikishi, normally derived from his heya, place of birth etc.


ichidai toshiyori

From Japanese 一代年寄 (ichidai toshiyori, literally “lifelong elder”).

(sumo) the lifelong status of elder conferred on an outstanding yokozuna


ichimon

(sumo) Any of the five groups that most heya belong to.

一門

any of the five groups that most heya belong to


ichomage

(sumo) Alternative spelling of oichomage.


oichomage

From Japanese 大銀杏髷 (oo-ichō-mage, literally “gingko topknot”).

(sumo) The elaborate hairstyle, resembling a gingko leaf, worn by sekitori during bouts and on ceremonial occasions.


juryo-kaku

(sumo) the rank of gyoji who officiates a bout involving a rikishi from the juryo division


kachi-koshi

(sumo) a majority of wins in an honbasho; reflects positively on the rikishi's ranking


make-koshi

(sumo) a majority of losses in a honbasho; reflects negatively on the rikishi's ranking


kanjin-sumo

From Japanese 勧進相撲 (kanjin-zumō), with zumō changed to its usual English form sumo.

(sumo) The historic form of sumo that developed into the modern sport.


kensho

(sumo) Prize money given to encourage rikishi by sponsors.


kinboshi

Borrowed from Japanese 金星 (kinboshi, “gold star”).

(sumo) An honour awarded to a rikishi of maegashira rank upon beating a yokozuna.


kinjite

Borrowed from Japanese 禁じ手 (kinjite), from 禁じる (kinjiru, “to forbid”) + 手 (te, “hand”).


kimarite

(sumo) any of the 82 techniques that may be used to win a match


kimarite-gakari

(sumo) The official who announces the winner of the torikumi and the kimarite used.


torikumi-hyo

From Japanese 取組表 (torikumi-hyō, literally “bout table”).

(sumo) The programme of bouts in a day at a tournament.


koen-kai

(sumo) a sumo fan club, either for a heya or for a particular rikishi; a useful source of money


ozumo

Borrowed from Japanese 大相撲 (grand sumo).


maezumo

Borrowed from Japanese 前相撲, literally "before sumo".

(sumo) The unofficial rank of beginners etc.


makuuchi dohyo-iri

From Japanese 幕内土俵入り (makuuchi dohyō-iri, literally “makuuchi ring-entering”).

(sumo) A group ring-entering ceremony performed by all members of the makuuchi division, except the yokozuna, after the juryo bouts.


makuuchi-kaku

(sumo) The gyoji who referees bouts involving a rikishi from the makuuchi division.


masu-seki

(sumo) The expensive seats, holding four people, on the ground floor of the arena.


matawari

(sumo) A form of exercise in which a rikishi sits on the ground with his legs wide apart, then lowers his torso to touch the ground between his legs.


matta

(sumo) The false start of a bout due to mutual misunderstanding.


mizuhiki-maku

(sumo) The curtain that hangs from the yakata, symbolizing the movement of clouds and the passing of time.


mono-ii

From Japanese 物言い (mono-ii, literally “talk of things”).

(sumo) a conference among the shimpan to reconsider a referee's decision


shimpan

From Japanese 審判 (shinpan, しんぱん), from Middle Chinese 審判 (ʃim-pʰàn "to judge", "to try") (compare Mandarin shěnpàn 审判).

(sumo) the four judges, sitting at each cardinal point


Liberal Democrat

en-noun

Liberal Democrat (plural Liberal Democrats)

(Australian politics, UK politics) a member of the Liberal Democrats political party


shiranui-gata

Borrowed from Japanese 不知火型 (shiranuigata).

(sumo) The less common ring-entering ceremony performed by yokozuna, consisting only of offensive moves.


unryu-gata

(sumo) The normal ring-entering ceremony performed by yokozuna, consisting of both offensive and defensive moves.


myoseki

(sumo) Any of the 105 names available to sumo oyakata.

名跡

any of the 105 names available to sumo oyakata


nage-waza

(sumo) Any of the 12 throwing techniques.


mustang

Mustang (horse)
Mustang (military officer)

From Mexican Spanish mestengo, from Old Spanish mesteño (“feral animal”) or mestengo (“feral animal”).

He is a product of the merchant marine and is one of the officers called "Mustangs" who entered the navy during the Civil War.

1903, James Hoyt (editor), Seen & Heard by Megargee, L.N. Megargee, page 1754

He was the son of a famous artist, and was what we termed a "mustang" officer, who had come into the navy from the merchant service during the Civil War.

1939, Fred J. Buenzle, Bluejacket, W. W. Norton & Company, page 179:

(US, military slang) A merchant marine who joined the U.S. Navy as a commissioned officer during the American Civil War.

[…] and the chief engineer is a "mustang" — that is, an officer who has risen from the ranks of enlisted men.

September-December 1918, Alfred Emanuel Smith, New Outlook, volume 120, Outlook Publishing Company, page 417:

Mustang— Officer who came up through the ranks. None better.

1943, Josef Israels, He's in the Marine Corps Now, R.M. McBride & Company, page 170:

(US, military slang, generalized) A commissioned officer who started military service as an enlisted person.


sashichigai

(sumo) a decision by the shimpan to overturn the decision of the gyoji


seigen jikan

(sumo) The time allocated for the shikiri rituals before the beginning of each bout.


Liberal Democrats

Liberal Democrats (UK)
Liberal Party (UK)
Social Democratic Party (UK)

From the merger of the Liberals and the Social Democrats.

(UK politics) A centrist political party

(Australian politics) A right-wing libertarian political party


AAD

Anti-aircraft division
Anti-aircraft division#English

(military) Initialism of Anti-aircraft division.

Army Air Defense
army air defense#English

(military) Initialism of Army Air Defense.

Airborne Assault Division
airborne assault division#English

(military) Initialism of Airborne Assault Division.

Armored Automobile Detachment
armored automobile detachment#English

(military, historical) Initialism of Armored Automobile Detachment.


dusty

From Middle English dusty, dusti, from Old English dūstiġ, dystiġ, dȳstiġ (“dusty”), equivalent to dust + -y. Cognate with Dutch donzig (“cottony, downy, woolly”), German dunstig (“hazy, misty”).

The mess was so overcrowded that hammock-slinging space became the perks of the badgemen the “jack-dusties” invariably slept in their store-rooms and offices.

1982, Ray Sturtivant, Fleet Air Arm at War, page 14:

The 'Dusties' — supply Petty Officers were frantically pumping out the kit, gas masks, kit bags, blankets, army boots, toilet bags, socks, underclothes.

1992, J. W. MacKintosh, The Hunts and the Hunted, page 10:

From time to time I'd get up to the dusties' mess for this or that reason, and became known to the writers and dusties up there.

Take the Jack Dusties, the stores blokes, they were in our mess.

As soon as I become an officer all the Dusties, Tugs, Knockers, Gingers and Macs will call me 'sir' and conceal their thoughts from me;

2015, Alan Allport, Browned Off and Bloody-Minded: The British Soldier Goes to War 1939-1945:

(military, slang) A supply petty officer.


earmark

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-earmark.wav

(US, politics) The designation of specific projects in appropriations of funding for general programs.


pup tent

Compound of pup (“puppy, small dog”) + tent, from dog tent, military slang for a shelter tent. Attested from the late 19th century.

Colonel Elbridge Colby in Army Talk tells us that the shelter-half, or “pup tent” made its debut during the Civil War. It seems to have been first christened “pup tent” by the Sixth Iowa Infantry at Memphis in 1862 and appears to stem etymologically from the same soldierly self-ridicule that resulted in such terms as “dogface” and “dog tags.”

1947 July, J.F.L., “Tenting Tonight”, in Infantry Journal, page 37:

(US, military, historical) A shelter half, one of two halves comprising a shelter tent or dog tent.


senshuraku

Borrowed from Japanese 千秋楽 (senshūraku, literally “music of a thousand autumns”).

bor

(sumo) The last day of a fifteen-day tournament, always on a Sunday.


shihon-bashira

From Japanese 四本柱 (shi-hon-bashira, literally “four pillars”).

(sumo) The four pillars that support the tsuriyane over the sumo ring; in modern practice removed for better television coverage.


shikiri

(sumo) the preparation time before a sumo bout during which the rikishi try to gain a psychological advantage by intense staring (niramiai) and when salt is ceremonially thrown (kiyome-jio)


shikiri-sen

Borrowed from Japanese 仕切り線 (shikiri-sen).

(sumo) The two enamel lines, embedded in the dohyo, behind which the rikishi crouch in preparation for the tachiai.


tachiai

(sumo) the initial charge towards each other by the rikishi at the start of a sumo bout


buchikamashi

Borrowed from Japanese ぶちかまし (buchikamashi).

(sumo) The heavy collision of the two rikishi during the tachiai at the start of a sumo bout.


shiko

(sumo) One of the basic sumo exercises, in which the rikishi raises a leg high in the air to the side, then brings it down with a stamp. It is also performed on the dohyo to drive away bad spirits.


shimekomi

Borrowed from Japanese 締め込み (shimekomi).

(sumo) The silk mawashi worn by sekitori for competition.


shindeshi

(sumo) a young rikishi recruit, not yet professional


shini-tai

(sumo) A rikishi who is crushed by his opponent when both fall simultaneously.


shokkiri

(sumo) A comical display of fouls etc performed by deshi during tours.


shozoku

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-shozoku.wav

(sumo) The garment worn by the gyoji, derived from court dress.


shusse hiro

(sumo) The ceremonial introduction of new rikishi at a tournament.


suna-kaburi

From Japanese 砂被り (suna-kaburi, literally “covered by sand”).

(sumo) The six rows of single seats closest to the dohyo.


tachimochi

From Japanese 太刀持ち (tachimochi, “sword bearer”).

(sumo) A rikishi who participates in the dohyo-iri ceremony of a yokozuna by carrying a sword behind him.


tachi-seki

From Japanese 立ち席 (tachi-seki, literally “standing seat”).

(sumo) tickets to stand at the back of the arena.


taiko

Borrowed from Japanese 太鼓 (たいこ taiko), from 太 (tʰàj, “great”) + 鼓 (kú, “drum”).

(sumo) A traditional drum, beaten by yobidashi to announce the beginning of a tournament, and at the end of each day


tategyoji

Borrowed from Japanese 立行司 (tate-gyōji).

(sumo) Either of the two highest-ranked gyoji who referee matches involving a yokozuna.


teppo

(sumo) a wooden pillar that is slapped repeatedly by a rikishi as a sumo wrestling exercise.


teuchi-shiki

From Japanese 手打ち式 (teuchi-shiki, literally “clapping ceremony”).

(sumo) A welcoming ceremony to new rikishi.


tokei-gakari

From Japanese 時計係 (tokei-gakari, literally “one who is responsible for the clock”).

(sumo) The shimpan who acts as timekeeper.


tokoyama

(sumo) A hairdresser who makes the rikishi's topknot; they have their own ranks.


toku-dawara

Borrowed from Japanese 徳俵 (tokudawara, “special rice bale”).

In fact, the sumo ring is not exactly round. Instead, the ring is broadened at four points by the width of a small rice bag (see fig. 1). These four rice bags placed at the cardinal points of the ring are called toku-dawara (lucky straw bags).

Just outside the circle the cardinal directions are marked by four tokudawara. It is only on these that the contestant can step outside the ring and not be deemed to have lost.

2000, Tony Allan, Realm of the Rising Sun: Japanese Myth, page 51:

(sumo) Small enlargements at the cardinal points of the dohyo; originally the entry and exit points.


torinaoshi

(sumo) a rematch; ordered by the judges if unable to determine a winner


toshiyori-kabu

(sumo) One of the 105 licenses to coach, and the associated name of an elder.


tsukebito

(sumo) An attendant of a higher-ranked rikishi or gyoji.


tsuki-oshi

(sumo) a style of fighting involving only thrusts or pushes


tsuna

Borrowed from Japanese 綱 (つな, tsuna, “rope”).

(sumo) the wide ceremonial belt, with hanging zigzag ribbons, worn by a yokozuna


tsunauchi

(sumo) the ceremony in which a yokozuna's tsuna belt is made and presented


tsuyuharai

Borrowed from Japanese 露払い, literally "dew sweeper".

(sumo) a heralding attendant who walks in front of a yokozuna at his dohyo-iri ceremony


yagura

Borrowed from Japanese 櫓 (“tower, turret, keep, scaffold”).

(sumo) A high wooden tower in front of a sumo arena from which a yobidashi beats the taiko drum each day before and after each tournament.


yakata

(sumo) The structure, suspended over the sumo dohyo, that resembles the roof of a Shinto shrine.


yotsu-zumo

(sumo) A style of sumo centred on gripping the mawashi.


yumitori-shiki

(sumo) The bow-twirling ceremony that closes each day of a tournament.


zensho yusho

Borrowed from Japanese 全勝優勝 (zenshō yūshō).

(sumo) the act of winning a tournament and not losing a single bout


zenpai

Borrowed from Japanese 全敗 (zenpai, “utter defeat”).

(sumo) the act of losing every bout in a tournament


gharry

gharries (plural)
garry (alternative)
gharri (alternative)
gharrie (alternative)
garee (alternative)

Borrowed from Hindi गाड़ी (gāṛī) / Urdu گاڑی (gāṛī, “wheeled cart, carriage; car, truck, bus”), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀕𑀟𑁆𑀟 (gaḍḍa), 𑀕𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀻 (gaḍḍī), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀕𑀸𑀟𑁆𑀟- (*gāḍḍa-).

(South Africa, military, slang) A jeep or small truck for conveying troops.


mug shot

mug shots (plural)
mugshot (alternative)

From mug + face. First use appears c. 1899. Compare mug (“portrait”).

All Summer Johnny was Prince of the penny arcade, arms around me on the tilt-a-whirl, mug-shot grins in the quarter photo booth, twanging his guitar for street kids on the hill who scored baggies of hashish and Panama Red.

2002, Carolyne Wright, Greatest Hits 1975-2001, page 32:

The buddy list has a bunch of visual status clues. Your buddy may have included a mug shot, perhaps through Photo Booth.

2006 October 2, Edward C. Baig, Macs For Dummies, page 204:

All these parameters of the series (the mug shot, the means of mechanical reproduction, the desirability of the outlawed, the reversal of law and desire and even the photo booth) are unmistakably present in Genet’s Our Lady of the Flowers.

2008, Johanne Lamoureux, PRECARIOUS VISUALITIES New Perspectives on Identification in Contemporary Art and Visual Culture: Ending Myths and the Catholic Outing of Andy Warhol, page 114:

After waiting some five hours to be called forward on an unusually hot, humid Summer’s day in London (I believe temperatures soared to around 30 degrees Centigrade or around 90F), I presented my mug shot to the perky female jobs-worth official.

(law enforcement) A photograph of a person's face, especially one taken by the police during an arrest.


isamiashi

Borrowed from Japanese 勇み足, literally "forward step out".

(sumo) a situation in which an attacking rikishi accidentally steps too far forward and out of the ring, his opponent thus winning


fumidashi

From Japanese 踏み出し (fumidashi, literally “stepping out”).

(sumo) A situation in which a defending rikishi accidentally steps too far back and out of the ring, his opponent thus winning. A rear step out.


koshikudake

Borrowed from Japanese 腰砕け, literally "inadvertent collapse".

(sumo) A situation in which a rikishi accidentally falls over, his opponent thus winning.


okuriashi

Borrowed from Japanese 送足, literally "step out".

(sumo) A situation in which a rikishi accidentally steps out of ring whilst carrying his opponent out, his opponent thus winning.


tsukihiza

Borrowed from Japanese 突き膝 (つきひざ, tsukihiza), literally meaning “push-down knee”.

(sumo) a situation in which a rikishi accidentally touches the dohyo with his knee, his opponent thus winning


tsukite

Borrowed from Japanese つき手, meaning "hand touch down".

(sumo) The situation in which a rikishi accidentally touches the dohyo with his hand, his opponent thus winning.


silver bullet

[…] "the silver bullet"—a rectal thermometer, to ensure that their body core isn't dangerously overheated from the run.

1998, Thomas E. Ricks, Making the Corps, page 166:

Of course, there is the infamous “Silver Bullet,” which is a rectal thermometer that measures the body's core temperature in the event of a heat case. No one wanted to get it up the butt with the Silver Bullet, […]

2006, Cpl. Matthew D. Wojtecki, Every Other Four, page 140:

A Corpsman was yanking my pants down in order to administer a “silver bullet” (rectal thermometer). I squirmed away and shoved the Corpsman off me before he could insert it.

2017, Jason Delgado, Chris Martin, Bounty Hunter 4/3: From the Bronx to Marine Scout Sniper, page 109:

(military slang) A thermometer, especially one used for rectal temperature readings.


tricameralism

(government) The practice of having three legislative or parliamentary chambers.


abisetaoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 浴びせ倒し (“backward force down”).

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker forces his opponent over backwards by throwing his weight into him from a grappling position.


amiuchi

Borrowed from Japanese 網打ち, literally fisherman's throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker throws his opponent behind him by pulling his arm with both hands and twisting backwards; resembles casting a fishing net.


ashitori

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker takes his opponent down by grabbing and lifting his leg with both hands


chongake

Borrowed from Japanese ちょん掛け, literally "pulling heel hook".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker hooks his heel behind that of his opponent from the inside, pulls the leg towards him, grabs the opponent's arm on the same side and twists him sideways and backwards.


gasshohineri

Borrowed from Japanese 合掌捻り, literally "clasped hand twist down".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker clasps his hands behind the opponent's back and twists him down and over


harimanage

From Japanese 波離間投げ (“backward belt throw”).

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker, at the edge of the dohyo, reaches over his opponent's shoulder, grabs his mawashi from behind, then pulls and twists him past his own body.


hatakikomi

Borrowed from Japanese 叩き込み, literally "slap down".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker dodges his opponent at the tachiai and slaps his opponent's shoulder, back or arm, forcing him to touch the dohyo


hikiotoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 引き落とし, literally hand pull down.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker pulls on his opponent's arm, shoulder or mawashi while backing away.


hikkake

Borrowed from Japanese 引っ掛け, literally arm-grabbing force out.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker grabs his opponent's arm with both hands and pulls him past him while moving backwards and to the side.


izori

From Japanese 居反り, literally backwards body drop.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker dives under his opponent's charge, grabs his knees or his mawashi, and lifts him up and over backwards.


kainahineri

Borrowed from Japanese 腕捻り, literally "two-handed arm twist down".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker locks one of his opponent's arms with both arms, then twists him down.


kakenage

Borrowed from Japanese 掛け投げ, literally hooking inner thigh throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker hooks one leg under those of his opponent, raises the hooked leg up and back forcing the opponent up and over.


kakezori

Borrowed from Japanese 掛け反り, literally "hooking backwards body drop".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker, with his head under one of his opponent's arms, takes an inside grip on the opponent's mawashi and twists him over a leg while driving his head into the opponent's side to force him over backwards.


katasukashi

Borrowed from Japanese 肩透かし, meaning under-shoulder swing down.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker forces his opponent down by placing his hands on the opponent's shoulder blade (one inside and one outside) and pulling him down and forward while backing away.


canvass

en-verb

canvass (third-person singular simple present canvasses, present participle canvassing, simple past and past participle canvassed)

canvasses (present singular third-person)
canvassing (participle present)
canvassed (participle past)
canvassed (past)
canvas (alternative)

The verb is derived from canvas (“type of coarse cloth woven from hemp”). The connection between “to toss (someone) in a (canvas) sheet; (by extension) to batter, beat, or thrash (someone or something); etc.” and “to seek the support of voters or a constituency in a forthcoming election or poll” is not entirely clear.
The noun is derived from the verb. It has been suggested that noun sense 4.2 (“rejection (at an election, of a suit, etc.)”) may refer to the canvas bag used by journeymen mechanics which they used to pack up their tools after they had completed their jobs, in which case it is not derived from the verb but directly from canvas (noun).

nb...

Now First Collected; with Notes by the Late William Gifford, Esq. and Additional Notes, and Some Account of Shirley and His Writings, by the Rev. Alexander Dyce. In Six Volumes.

The poll was cloſed when the Court thought they had the majority: But upon caſting it up it appeared they had loſt it: So they fell to canvaſs it: And they made ſuch exceptions to thoſe of the other ſide, that they diſcounted as many voices as gave them the majority.

a. 1716 (date written), [Gilbert] Burnet, “Book III. Of the Rest of King Charles II’s Reign, from the Year 1673 to the Year 1685, in which He Died.”, in [Gilbert Burnet Jr.], editor, Bishop Burnet’s History of His Own Time. […], volume I, London: […] Thomas Ward […], published 1724, →OCLC, page 530:

Teams of two people - called “canvassing teams” - review ballots and the envelopes with the ballots inside.

2024, State of Maryland, Maryland State Board of Elections, retrieved 2024-10-18:

(by extension, politics, obsolete except US, Philippines) To scrutinize (the ballot in an election or the votes cast) and reject irregular votes; also, to challenge or dispute (an election result).

The electoral candidate canvassed the district for votes.

He said, that in the next parliament it was probable that he should canvass the county, and he hoped to get Pendennis’s interest here.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “A House Full of Visitors”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 251:

(specifically, politics) To seek the support of (voters or a constituency) in a forthcoming election or poll through personal solicitation or public addresses.

агитирам

to seek the support of (voters or a constituency) in a forthcoming election or poll through personal solicitation or public addresses

[H]e endeavoured by his Agents to be choſe a Burgeſs for the Univerſity of Oxon, to ſerve in that Parliament vvhich began at VVeſtm[inster] 25 Apr. 1660, as at one or tvvo places beſides, vvhere he had canvas'd for votes; […]

1691, [Anthony Wood], “WILLIAM LENTHALL”, in Athenæ Oxonienses. An Exact History of All the Writers and Bishops who have had Their Education in the Most Ancient and Famous University of Oxford from the Fifteenth Year of King Henry the Seventh, Dom. 1500, to the End of the Year 1690. […], volume II (Completing the Whole Work), London: […] Tho[mas] Bennet […], →OCLC, column 204:

Indeed, I know nothing ſo abject as the behaviour of a man canvaſſing for a ſeat in parliament— […]

1771, [Tobias Smollett], “To Dr. Lewis”, in The Expedition of Humphry Clinker […], volume I, London: […] W. Johnston, […]; and B. Collins, […], →OCLC, page 160:

"Don't you remember, too, at the last election here," said Caroline, "how the fine ladies from the Castle came and canvassed for Colonel Rosemary?"

1845, B[enjamin] Disraeli, chapter VIII, in Sybil; or The Two Nations. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, book VI, pages 233–234:

(specifically, politics) To seek the support of voters or a constituency in a forthcoming election or poll; to campaign.


canvass

en-noun

canvass (countable and uncountable, plural canvasses)

And certainly, there is great difference, betvveen a Cunning Man, and a Wiſe Man; Not onely in Point of Honeſty, but in point of Ability. There be that can packe the Cards, and yet cannot play vvell; So there are ſome, that are good in Canuaſſes, and Factions, that are othervviſe VVeake Men.

[1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Cunning. XXII.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC, page 127:

In the election of which Proctors, was the greateſt canvas, (as 'twas thought) in the memory of Man. […] For the taking of the Suffrages, […] the ſcrutiny continued till after 9 of the clock at night. In the year 1616 was a greater Canvas than this, there being then 1078 voices given on all Sides.

1691, [Anthony Wood], “An. Dom. 1624. 22. Jac. I.”, in Athenæ Oxonienses. An Exact History of All the Writers and Bishops who have had Their Education in the Most Ancient and Famous University of Oxford from the Fifteenth Year of King Henry the Seventh, Dom. 1500, to the End of the Year 1690. […], volume I (Extending to the 16th Year of King Charles I. Dom. 1640), London: […] Tho[mas] Bennet […], →OCLC, column 846:

The results of the two canvasses were such as had been anticipated from the previous reports of the respective agents and supporters. In these days the personal canvass of a candidate is a mere form. The whole country that is to be invaded has been surveyed and mapped out before entry; every position reconnoitered; the chain of communications complete. In the present case as is not unusual, both candidates were really supported by numerous and reputable adherents; and both had very good grounds for believing that they would be ultimately successful.

1844, B[enjamin] Disraeli, chapter IV, in Coningsby; or, The New Generation. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, book V, page 255:

(countable, specifically, politics) A seeking or solicitation, or determination, of support or favourable votes in a forthcoming election or poll.

agitace

seeking or solicitation of support or favourable votes in a forthcoming election or poll

Elections officials [in California] have approximately one month (28 days for presidential electors and 30 days for all other contests) to complete their extensive tallying, auditing, and certification work (known as the ‘official canvass’). Most notably, voting by mail has increased significantly in recent years and many vote-by-mail ballots arrive on, or up to three days after, Election Day (vote-by-mail ballots postmarked on or before Election Day and received by the county elections official no later than three days after the election are included in the canvass).

2016 November 16, John Nichols, “Hillary Clinton’s Popular-vote Victory is Unprecedented—and Still Growing”, in The Nation, New York, N.Y.: The Nation Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-12-19:

(countable, US, politics) A scrutiny of the votes cast in an election to reject irregular votes; also, a tally, audit, and certification of votes.


faker

faker: A friendly track acting as a hostile for exercise purposes. (STANAG 1241)

2011, APP-6C: NATO Joint Military Symbology, page 555:

(military, by extension) A friendly unit (usually aircraft) that acts as a hostile unit in a military exercise.


kawazugake

Borrowed from Japanese 河津掛け, literally hooking backward counter throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker hooks his opponent's leg from the inside, pulls it forward and across his own body, taking him over backwards.


kekaeshi

Borrowed from Japanese 蹴返し, literally "minor inner foot sweep".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker sweeps his opponent's leg from under him by kicking it from the inside; often accompanied by a slap on the back.


ketaguri

Borrowed from Japanese 蹴手繰り, literally pulling inside ankle sweep.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker leaps aside at the tachiai and sweeps his opponent's front leg from the inside while slapping the shoulder or pulling the arm.


kimedashi

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker bars or locks the opponent's arms by wrapping his own arms round them from the outside, then grabs one of the wrists and pulls up and in and then swings or marches his opponent backwards and out. An arm-barring force-out.


kimetaoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 極め倒し, literally "arm barring force down".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker bars or locks his opponent's arms from the outside then forces him down by throwing his weight on top of him


kirikaeshi

Borrowed from Japanese 切り返し, literally "twisting backward knee trip".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker puts his knee behind his opponent's leg then twists him backwards over the knee.


fall in

en-verb

fall in (third-person singular simple present falls in, present participle falling in, simple past fell in, past participle fallen in)

falls in (present singular third-person)
falling in (participle present)
fell in (past)
fallen in (participle past)

His men resumed their muskets and fell in.

1860 December – 1861 August, Charles Dickens, chapter V, in Great Expectations […], volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published October 1861, →OCLC, page 68:

(intransitive, military) Of a soldier, to get into position in a rank.

järjestyä riviin

military: to get into position in a rank


DCC

en-noun

DCC (countable and uncountable, plural DCCs)

deputy chief constable
deputy chief constable#English

(law enforcement) Initialism of deputy chief constable, a police rank used in Commonwealth countries.


bracket creep

The corporate tax is essentially a flat-rate tax; thus there is no bracket creep.

1985, C. Eugene Steuerle, Taxes, Loans, and Inflation: How the Nation's Wealth Becomes Misallocated, page 34:

Bracket creep, however, was occurring only among individuals, not corporations. All other things being equal, this bracket creep increased the extent to which borrowing would be undertaken by individuals, not corporations.

1990, John B. Shoven, Joel Waldfogel, Debt, Taxes, and Corporate Restructuring, page 27:

2001, Frederick C. v N. Fourie, How to Think and Reason in Macroeconomics, 2nd edition, page 290,
Bracket creep can be avoided by regularly adjusting tax brackets for inflation, so that the tax brackets remain unchanged in real terms.

progressive taxation
progressive taxation

(taxation) The move towards increased taxation when an inflation adjustment to a wage or salary pushes a taxpayer into a higher tax bracket (or, in a progressive taxation regime, further into a bracket).

verotuksen kiristyminen inflaation myötä


bascule

A device for coupling and releasing the trigger mechanism in a bascule of a gun

1997, Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office:

(firearms) The portion of a breech-loading firearm that pivots open in order to allow access to the chamber.


komatasukui

Borrowed from Japanese 小股掬い, meaning "over thigh scooping body drop".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker attempts to throw his opponent and, when the opponent steps forward to defend himself, the attacker grabs his leg, near the thigh, and pulls upward driving the opponent over backwards.


koshinage

Borrowed from Japanese 腰投げ, literally "hip throw".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker turns his opponent while pulling him onto his hips then straightens his knees and throws him over and onto his back


kotehineri

Borrowed from Japanese 小手捻り, literally armlocking twist down.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker locks his opponents arm at the biceps then twists him around and down.


kotenage

Borrowed from Japanese 小手投げ, literally armlock throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker wraps his arm around that of his opponent and, when it is locked near the elbow, turning away from him.


carpetbagger

carpetbaggers (plural)
carpet bagger (alternative)

/ˈkɑɹpɪtˌbæɡɚ/

/ˈkɑːpɪtˌbaɡə/

From carpetbag + -er, because many carried their belongings in cheap luggage made from carpet fabric.

“You are way behind the times,” he said. “There is no Klan in Atlanta now. Probably not in Georgia. You’ve been listening to the Klan outrage stories of your Scallawag and Carpetbagger friends.”

1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC, part V, page 981:

The carpetbagger remains one of the most enduring symbols of the Reconstruction era. Technically, a carpetbagger was simply a northerner who went South in the wake of the Civil War and took part in Republican Party politics. For most of its lifespan, however, the term has been an epithet, denoting a lowly, immoral northern opportunist, a demagogue who preyed on the defeated South, perverted sectional peace, and rose to power by deceiving African American voters.

2012, William A. Blair, Journal of the Civil War Era: Winter 2012 Issue, UNC Press Books, →ISBN, page 539:

(politics, history, chiefly US, offensive) A migrant from the Northern to the Southern States after the American Civil War of 1861–5, especially one who went South to gain political influence.


logistics

Antoine-Henri Jomini
Baron de Jomini
Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
maréchal des logis

From French logistique, coined or popularized 1830 by Antoine-Henri Jomini from logis (“lodging place”), in phrases maréchal des logis (“marshall of lodging”) (see maréchal des logis), major-général des logis (“major-general of lodging”). Possibly influenced by existing mathematical term logistique, of Ancient Greek origin; see logistic.

(military) The procurement, supply, maintenance, and transportation of equipment, facilities, and personnel.

ти́лова слу́жба

military procurement, supply, maintenance, and transportation


ironclad

About a couple of miles out lay an ironclad very low in the water, almost, to my brother's perception, like a water-logged ship. This was the ram Thunder Child.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 178:

(military) An armor-plated warship, (especially) one preceding the invention of harveyized steel.


kubihineri

Borrowed from Japanese 首捻り, literally head twisting throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker wraps one hand around his opponent's neck and grips his arm with the other; he then forces his opponent down by twisting his neck.


kubinage

kubinage (plural)
kubi nage (alternative)

Borrowed from Japanese 首投げ (“neck throw”).

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker wraps one arm around his opponent's neck then turns and throws him.


makiotoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 巻き落とし, meaning "twist down".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker throws his opponent by twisting him towards his own inside hand.


mitokorozeme

From Japanese 三所攻め (mi-tokoro-zeme, literally “attacking three places”).

bor

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker attempts an inside leg trip with one leg, tries to pull the other out from under him, and drives his head into the opponent's stomach so as to force him out backwards. A triple attack force out.


IDF

Iceland Defense Force
w:Iceland Defense Force

(military) Initialism of Iceland Defense Force.

Irish Defence Forces
w:Irish Defence Forces

(military) Initialism of Irish Defence Forces.

The IDF spokesperson provided no comment on whether it had halted the practice, or the reported use of white phosphorus in Gaza, a densely populated area and home to more than 2 million people.

2023 October 9, Ruth Michaelson, Ben Doherty, “Israel ‘going on the offensive’ after retaking territories overrun by Hamas”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

Alright, but have you heard this one though? Death, death to the IDF!

2025 June 30, Bob Vylan, quotee, Bob Vylan chants "death to the IDF", Islam Channel:

Israel Defense Forces
w:Israel Defense Forces

(military) Initialism of Israel Defense Forces.


charger

/ˈt͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒɚ/

-ɑː(ɹ)dʒə(ɹ)

From Middle English chargere, equivalent to charge + -er.

dækketallerken

a large platter under the dinner plate in a formal dinner setting

The knight rode a white charger.

My centuria slept in one of the stables, under the stone mangers where the names of the cavalry chargers were still inscribed.

1938 April, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter I, in Homage to Catalonia, London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:

(historical, military) A large horse trained for battle and used by the cavalry (of a lighter build than a destrier).

(firearms) A speed loader that holds several cartridges together in a single unit for easier loading of a firearm's magazine.


nichonage

Borrowed from Japanese 二丁投げ, literally "body drop throw".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker places a leg in front of his opponent's leg, at the knee, then sweeps back with his leg and pulls the opponent forward over the leg.


squad

From French escouade, from Italian squadra (“square”) (whence also French escadre). Doublet of squadra and square.

ջոկատ

small group of people organized for a purpose


bourrelet

The bourrelet is a slightly raised surface on the rocket designed to maintain a light contact with the inside of the launching tube to center the rocket when fired.

2019, Thomas Gersbeck, Practical Military Ordnance Identification, 2nd edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 111:

(firearms, weaponry) An accurately machined portion around the diameter of a shell of a gun, which acts to increase accuracy of projectile fit to the barrel.


buddy store

(military) An external fuel tank that is loaded on the bomb rack on military aircraft, having hose-and-drogue equipment for aerial refuelling.


sarin

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sarin.wav

Named after the initials of its creators, Gerhard Schrader (1903–1990), Ambros, Rüdiger and Van der Linde.

The health minister in Turkey, which treated many of the attack's victims and conducted autopsies on others, said test results conducted on victims confirmed sarin gas was used.

2017 April 12, Samuel Osborne, “Vladimir Putin says US-Russia relations are worse since Donald Trump took office”, in The Independent:

Because Syria was not a signatory of the Chemical Weapons Convention, there was no international mechanism to ascribe responsibility for the attack, although UN inspectors did conclude that sarin had been deployed.

2022 April 17, Scott Lucas, “When Will There Be Justice Over Assad’s Sarin Attacks?”, in EA WorldView:

Trostianets mayor Yuriy Bova said officials had discovered traces of the deadly substance sarin and other chemical substances. Sarin is a clear and odourless substance that is classed as a potentially lethal nerve agent.

2022 April 18, Paul Withers, “Putin chemical weapon horror: Ukrainian mayor says 'remains' of sarin found after retreat”, in Daily Express:

(toxicology, military) The nerve gas O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, used as a chemical weapon.


nimaigeri

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker kicks away the opponent's ankle while throwing or twisting him onto his side.


okuridashi

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker drives his opponent out from behind.


okurigake

From Japanese 送り掛け, meaning "rear leg trip".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker hooks his legs behind one of his opponent's and pulls it towards himself from behind, toppling his opponent forward.


okurihikiotoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 送り引き落とし, meaning "rear pull down".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker circles behind his opponent and pulls him down while backing away


okurinage

Borrowed from Japanese 送り投げ, literally "rear throw down".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker circles behind his opponent and throws him forward or to the side and down.


okuritaoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 送り倒し, literally "rear push down".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker forces his opponent down from behind.


okuritsuridashi

Borrowed from Japanese 送り吊り出し, literally rear lift out.

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker circles behind his opponent, lifts him up and carries him out of the ring


okuritsuriotoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 送り吊り落とし, meaning "rear lifting body slam".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker circles behind his opponent then lifts him up and slams him down.


requisition

en-noun

requisition (countable and uncountable, plural requisitions)

/ˌɹɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/

From Middle English requisicion, from Old French requisicion, from Medieval Latin requisitio. By surface analysis, requisit(e) + -ion.

It was the policy of the American army to procure voluntary labor whenever possible, but a sufficient number of volunteers was frequently not obtainable. In such cases, a requisition for additional labor was served on German civil officials.

1943, American Military Government of Occupied Germany, 1918-1920, page 199:

First, a civilian settlement is not a “need of the occupying army” for which requisition is permitted.

2002, David Kretzmer, The Occupation of Justice, page 77:

To the extent the law of occupation permits the confiscation or requisition of property, taking control of cyber infrastructure or systems is likewise permitted.

2017, Michael N. Schmitt, Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations, page 549:

(military) A demand by the invader upon the people of an invaded country for supplies, as of provision, forage, transportation, etc.


detachment

detachment (countable and uncountable, plural detachments)

From French détachement. By surface analysis, detach + -ment.

(uncountable, military) The separation of a military unit from the main body for a particular purpose or special mission.

Vietnamese sovereignty over the Paracels dated back at least to the early 19th century, when Emperor Gia-Long sent a detachment to Hoang Sa Island, it remained until the establishment of French protectorate over Annam, when France assumed responsibility for the islands.

1958, A. V. H. Hartendorp, History of Industry and Trade of the Philippines: The Magsaysay Administration, →OCLC, page 218:

(countable, military) The unit so dispatched.

(countable, military) A permanent unit organized for special duties.


casement

(military) Occasionally seen as a usage error due to the similarity of the words: A casemate.


authorization

authorization (countable and uncountable, plural authorizations)

tlb

(American spelling, Oxford British English)

authorizations (plural)
authorisation (alternative)

/ˌɔːθəɹaɪˈzeɪʃn/

approval

in some legal contexts, authorization is different from approval

We've had the authorization for years, but we've never gotten an appropriation.

(government) Permission, possibly limited, to spend funds for a specific budgetary purpose.


debouch

From French déboucher (de + bouche (“mouth”)), modelled on Italian sboccare.

To prevent another demonstration of this character, and to insure a debouch on the south bank of the James, it became necessary to occupy Coggin's Point, which was done on the 3d, and the enemy driven back towards Petersburg.

1887, George B. McClellan, McClellan's Own Story:

(military) A fortress at the end of a defile.


drop kick

drop kicks (plural)
drop-kick (alternative)

1933 April 22 Jumping Joe Savoldi publicity article
AND ON JOE'S DROP KICK THEY DROP - !

Joe was unable to return to the ring after missing a flying dropkick

1933 May 16, 10,000 FANS SEE LEWIS WIN FIFTH WRESTLING TITLE:

At no time did Savoldi attempt to employ the new attack that he calls "drop-kick." Once he offended the rules by using a flying tackle

1933 May 18, JOE SAVOLDI WINS MAT BOUT IN PHILADELPHIA:

1937 SAVOLDI'S DROP KICK
Easily the most spectacular match-winner of this season is Joe Savoldi's drop kick. It will be easily understood from this picture why "when they are kicked they stay kicked." After a man is stunned by the kick it is an easy matter for Savoldi to body press a fall.

Joe Savoldi, perhaps the originator of the dropkick, used to have a glorious crop of curls

1949, WHAT'S HAPPENED TO OLD-TIME FAVOURITES?:

2008 William Shatner Shatner On His Star Trek Signature Drop Kick 2 minutes 28 seconds Official William Shatner Page
okay, I'll just go out and my dropkick: raise the right hand, right leg, and then I had this flash of reality. Newton's law is equal force meets equal force, whatever that thing is, everything is equal, and I realize in a dropkick when you go up in the air like that, any force you push is hardly any force at all. The reality is, a dropkick has no significance whatsoever, only on the stuntman, that reels back.

professional wrestling
professional wrestling

(professional wrestling) A kick to the opponent made by leaping into the air and kicking with both feet before dropping to the ground.


portfolio

desc

→ Portuguese: portfólio, portfolio, portefólio (Portugal)

/pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/

From Italian portafoglio; cognate with French portefeuille (“folder, wallet”), from Latin portāre (“to carry”) and folium (“sheet”). The meaning "collection of responsibilities" came by extension in the 1930s.

(politics) The post and the responsibilities of a cabinet minister or other head of a government department.

портфе́ль

министе́рский


Robin Hood

/ˌɹɒbɪn ˈhʊd/

From Middle English, from Old French, diminutive of Robert.

(archery, informal) Short for Robin Hood shot


DSO

Distinguished Service Order
w:Distinguished Service Order

(UK, military) Initialism of Distinguished Service Order.


omata

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker grabs his opponent's leg from the inside and lifts it up and backwards, driving his body into that of the defender, forcing him over onto his back. A thigh scooping body drop.


osakate

Borrowed from Japanese 大逆手, literally backward twisting overarm throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker, grappling near the edge, bends backwards and swings his opponent around and out.


oshidashi

Borrowed from Japanese 押し出し, literally "frontal push out".

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker pushes his opponent out of the ring, maintaining hand contact at all times


oshitaoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 押し倒し, meaning frontal push down.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker pushed his opponent backwards and over.


invected

(heraldry) Having a border consisting of semicircles with the convex part outwards (and the points inwards).


engrailed

(heraldry) Having an edge or border indented with semicircles with points outwards (and convex part inwards).


subaltern

From Middle French subalterne, from Late Latin subalternus, from Latin sub- + alternus, from alter.

She was an extraordinarily beautiful girl, Margaret Devereux ; and made all the men frantic by running away with a penniless young fellow ; a mere nobody sir a subaltern in a foot regiment, or something of that kind.

1891, Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray, London, New York, N.Y., Melbourne, Vic.: Ward Lock & Co., →OCLC:

As a subaltern of 24, Neave was captured in the defence of Calais in May 1940.

2003 February 20, Ciar Byrne, “Colditz: remade with love”, in The Guardian:

(British, military) A commissioned officer having a rank below that of captain; a lieutenant or second lieutenant.


underground railroad

en-noun

underground railroad (plural underground railroads)

After the historical Underground Railroad in the United States.

(politics) A clandestine network used to exfiltrate dissidents out of their country.


goffer

(UK, naval slang) soft drink; non-alcoholic drink


beat up

en-verb

beat up (third-person singular simple present beats up, present participle beating up, simple past beat up, past participle beaten up or (US colloquial) beat up)

beats up (present singular third-person)
beating up (participle present)
beat up (past)
beaten up (participle past)
beat up (US colloquial participle past)
beat-up (alternative)

(military, WW2 air pilots' usage) To repeatedly bomb a military target or targets.


beat up

These hit-and-run LRDG attacks — “beat-ups,” the patrols were beginning to call them — continued, and added to the enemy's mounting difficulties.

1987, John W. Gordon, The Other Desert War: British Special Forces in North Africa, 1940-1943, page 86:

An act of beating up:
(UK, military slang) A raid.


fall out

fall out (third-person singular simple present falls out, present participle falling out, simple past fell out, past participle fallen out)

falls out (present singular third-person)
falling out (participle present)
fell out (past)
fallen out (participle past)

(military, intransitive, literally) To leave one's place in the current formation of ranks in order to take one's place in a new formation.

The company fell out for an artillery drill.

(military, intransitive, figuratively) To leave one's current location to report for duty at a new location.


sakatottari

Borrowed from Japanese 逆とったり, literally arm bar throw counter.

(sumo) A kimarite, counter to a tottari, in which the attacker frees the arm being barred and forces his opponent to fall forward.


levant

Crest, a stag regardant levant argent.

1932, Notes & Queries for Somerset and Dorset:

[...] crest a raven levant sable issant out of a[…]

1977, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History, Proceedings:

[...] neck grene acornes proper wounded on his left sholder and at her feet there is a fawcon issant levant argent out of a crowne or.

1980, Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History, Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History:


caza

(politics, chiefly historical) Alternative form of kaza.


no joy

(military) Unable to establish visual or radio contact with a target aircraft.


terminally

en-adv

terminally (comparative more terminally, superlative most terminally)

more terminally (comparative)
most terminally (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-terminally.wav

terminally guided

(military, of missile guidance) To the target.


manchette

(fencing) A special glove cover worn by fencers, specifically sabreurs, on their weapon hand.


sabreur

(fencing) A fencer who fights with a sabre.


lamé

en-noun

lamé (countable and uncountable, plural lamés)

(fencing, countable) The electrically conductive jacket worn by foil and sabre fencers.


black card

(sports) A penalty card issued by an official in several sports for infractions.

(fencing) The most severe of penalties, which results in the fencer being expelled from the match.


attack au fer

(fencing) An attack on the opponent's blade, e.g. beat, expulsion, pressure


meatball surgery

meatball surgery (usually uncountable, plural meatball surgeries)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-meatball surgery.wav

Coined or popularised by Richard Hooker in the novel MASH (1968).

(surgery, military, colloquial) Surgery performed rapidly in a military field hospital to stabilize the patient as quickly as possible.


diamond cutter

(professional wrestling) A professional wrestling move in which the wrestler takes the opponent's neck and drops them to the mat.


Thompson

Thompsons (plural)
Tompson (alternative)
Tomson (alternative)
Thomson (alternative)
Thomason (alternative)
Thomasson (alternative)

Variant of Thomson, from Tom + -son, originally meaning "son of Thomas". In some instances of people so named, a calque of Scottish Gaelic MacTamhais (“McTavish”); also an anglicisation of the Gaelic name MacTamhais, meaning "son of Thomas".

calque

Thompson submachine gun
Thompson submachine gun#English

(firearms) Ellipsis of Thompson submachine gun (“Tommy gun”).


celeste

en-noun

celeste (countable and uncountable, plural celestes)

Borrowed from French céleste (“heavenly”), from Latin caelestis.


liement

(fencing) An action in which one fencer forces the opponent's blade into the diagonally opposite line, (that is, from high line to low line on the opposite side, or vice versa) by taking it with the guard and forte of his own blade.


coulé

(fencing) An attacking or feinting movement where the blade slides continuously along the opponent’s blade.


counter-parry

(fencing) A parry that is done to defend against an opponent's parry and riposte.

(fencing) (often: contra-) A circular parry; one that moves in a circle to end up in the opposite position from which it started.


counter-time

(fencing) An attack that responds to the opponent's counter-attack.


coup d'arret

(fencing) A counter-attack that attempts to take advantage of an uncertain attack


croisé

Borrowed from French croisé. Doublet of cruciate.

(fencing) An action in which one fencer forces the opponent’s blade into the high or low line on the same side, by taking it with the guard and forte of his own blade


derobement

derobements (plural)
dérobement (alternative)

(fencing) An avoidance of the opponent's attempt to take the blade or beat, performed with a straight sword arm.


disengage

/ˌdɪsɪŋˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/

From Middle French désengager ; dis- + engage.

(fencing) A circular movement of the blade that avoids the opponent's parry


envelopment

envelopment (countable and uncountable, plural envelopments)

(military) An offensive action in which an attacking force moves over or around the enemy and attacks from the rear; see also pincer movement.

(fencing) An action to seize the opponent's blade in one line and lead it (without losing contact) through a full circle to end in the same line.


false attack

(fencing) An attack that is intended to miss or fall short, so as to produce a reaction from the opponent. Also called a false action.


moulinet

moulinets (plural)
mouline (alternative)

French moulinet, diminutive of moulin (“a mill”).

(fencing, chiefly sabre) A circular cut, often composed of a parry, usually prime or seconde, moving thence into a circular cut.


ballestra

(fencing) A very rapid attack made by a jump forward and lunge.


airhead

From air + head (“foremost, topmost, or leading part”), sense 1 (“area of hostile territory seized for use as an airbase”) by analogy with beachhead and bridgehead.

compound

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-airhead.wav

The only difference between an airhead and a beachhead is that an airhead covers 360 degrees whereas a beachhead usually covers 180 degrees. An airhead is two beachheads back to back with the reinforcements and resupply coming by air instead of by sea. [...] [T]o handle their mountainous proportions there must be in the airhead a sufficient number of trained and equipped airhead service troops.

1946 December, James M[aurice] Gavin, “Airborne Armies of the Future: Part One”, in Infantry Journal: A Magazine for the Ground Combat Forces, volume LIX, number 6, Washington, D.C.: Infantry Journal, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 24:

In another war airheads will be more important than beachheads. Neither one will work unless we can keep it adequately supplied. The successful combat air force will require a huge transport fleet for air lift.

1948 August 28, W. B. Courtney, “Air Transport: The Answer to Air Power”, in Walter Davenport, editor, Collier’s, volume 22, number 9, Springfield, Oh.: Crowell-Collier Publishing Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, subtitle, page 26:

The initial airhead may in fact be a series of smaller airheads which, after landing, join up in combat structure as mutually supporting in a tactical sense.

1957, Army, volume 8, Arlington, Va.: Association of the United States Army, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 27:

The French quickly massed a division-sized force of airborne soldiers within the airhead. During the 55-day siege, over 4,000 reinforcements were parachuted into Dien Bien Phu.

1990 April, Robert H. Scales, Jr., “The First Indochina War”, in Firepower in Limited War, Washington, D.C.: National Defense University Press, →ISBN, page 54:

Following the success of this raid, [Orde] Wingate realised that transport aircraft in radio contact with troops on the ground had revolutionised jungle warfare. He advocated a total restructuring of the Allied offensive so that instead of an overland advance, it would seize airheads and leapfrog forward by air to Hanoi, in Indochina.

2007, David Isby, “CBI 1942–44”, in C-47/R4D Skytrain Units of the Pacific and CBI (Osprey Combat Aircraft; 66), Oxford, Oxfordshire: Osprey Publishing, →ISBN, page 27:

He [Wilhelm Bittrich] commanded the 2nd S.S. Panzer Corps in Normandy and assisted in the wiping out of the British airhead at Arnhem in 1944.

2007, Patrick Watson, “The Month of February”, in Watson’s Really Big WWII Almanac, volume I (January to June), [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN, page 225:

(military) An area of hostile territory that has been seized for use as an airbase to ensure the further safe landing of troops and materiel.


supercharge

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-supercharge.wav

(heraldry) A charge borne upon an ordinary or other charge.


brevet

en-verb

brevet (third-person singular simple present brevets, present participle breveting or brevetting, simple past and past participle breveted or brevetted)

brevets (present singular third-person)
breveting (participle present)
brevetting (participle present)
breveted (participle past)
breveted (past)
brevetted (participle past)
brevetted (past)

Inherited from the Middle English brevet (“official letter”), from the Anglo-Norman diminutive of bref (“letter”), from the Latin brevis (“short”), whence brief.


beat parry

(fencing) The deflection of the incoming attack with a sharp striking motion


opposition parry

en-noun

opposition parry (plural opposition parries)

(fencing) The deflection of the incoming attack without ever losing contact with the blade from the initial engagement.


yielding parry

yielding parry (plural yielding parries)

(fencing) deflecting the incoming attack by maintaining contact with the blade and changing the point of contact between the blades, moving from a position of poor leverage to one using the forte for strong leverage


point-in-line

(fencing) An established threat made with the extended arm.


prise de fer

From French, literally "taking the steel".

(fencing) An engagement of the blades that attempts to control the opponent's weapon.


pronation

pronation (countable and uncountable, plural pronations)

From French pronation, from Latin pronatio.

(fencing) The position of the sword hand when the palm is facing down

pronaatio

fencing: position of sword hand with palm facing down


supination

supination (countable and uncountable, plural supinations)

(fencing) The position of the sword hand when the palm is facing up.

supinaatio

fencing: position of the sword hand with palm is facing up


remise

(fencing) A renewal of a failed action, without withdrawing the arm.


reprise

From Middle English reprise (noun) and reprisen (verb), from Old French reprise, from reprendre. In some senses borrowed anew from Modern French reprise.

(fencing) A renewal of a failed attack, after going back into the en garde position.


trompement

(fencing) The action of hitting an opponent at the end of a feint, after a successful deception.


French grip

(fencing) A grip used for foil and épée that consists of a slightly curved block of wood or aluminum wrapped in a rubber or leather grip-tape.


Italian grip

(fencing) A grip used for foil and épée that consists of a straight block of wood or aluminum wrapped in a rubber or leather grip-tape, with projecting prongs to aid grip.


avertissement

(fencing) A warning; used to indicate a minor rule infraction by one of the fencers


body cord

(fencing) The insulated wire that runs under a fencer's jacket, connecting the Electrical Competition weapon to the reel, and thence to the scoring machine.


corps-a-corps

Unadapted borrowing from French corps-à-corps (literally “body to body”). Compare corps, corpse, corpus.

ubor

(fencing) The action of two fencers coming into physical contact with one another with any portion of their bodies or hilts.


salut des armes

(fencing) A sort of a choreographed demonstration of arms, consisting of sets of fencers saluting, attacking, parrying, drilling and performing set routines in chorus.


broken time

(fencing) A sudden change in the tempo of one fencer's actions, used to fool the opponent into responding at the wrong time.


plastron

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-plastron.wav

Borrowed from French plastron, from Italian piastrone, augmentive of piastra (“breastplate”), from Latin emplastrum (“plaster”), from Ancient Greek ἔμπλαστρον (émplastron), from ἔμπλαστος (émplastos, “daubed, plastered”), from ἔμπλασσειν (émplassein, “to mould, form”).

(fencing) A half-jacket worn under the jacket for padding or for safety.


glasshouse

From Middle English glasehows, glashous, glashows; equivalent to glass + house.

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

(British military slang) A military prison.

оранжерия

building made of glass in which plants are grown


protectionism

en-noun

protectionism (countable and uncountable, plural protectionisms)

/pɹəˈtɛkʃənɪzəm/

Borrowed from French protectionnisme. By surface analysis, protection + -ism.

(politics, economics) A system or policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product from foreign competition by imposing tariffs, quotas, duties or other barriers on importations.

proteksionizëm

a policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product by imposing tariffs, quotas or other barriers on imports


traction

traction (usually uncountable, plural tractions)

From Medieval Latin tractio, from Latin tractus, perfect passive participle of verb trahere (“pull”), + noun of action suffix -io (genitive -ionis).

(usually after forms of gain, get or have) Progress in or momentum toward achieving a goal, especially in gaining support, recognition, or popularity.


infiltrate

en-verb

infiltrate (third-person singular simple present infiltrates, present participle infiltrating, simple past and past participle infiltrated)

infiltrates (present singular third-person)
infiltrating (participle present)
infiltrated (participle past)
infiltrated (past)

From Middle English infiltrate (adjective), from Medieval Latin infiltrātus, from infiltrō.

(transitive, military) To send (soldiers, spies, etc.) through gaps in the enemy line.

пранікаць у тыл праціўніка

to send soldiers through gaps in the enemy line


panther

→ Maori: panata

→ Welsh: panther

From Middle English panter, panther, pantere, from Old French pantere, from Latin panthēra, from Ancient Greek πάνθηρ (pánthēr, “panther”).

der

(mythology, heraldry) A creature resembling a big cat, typically incensed (“emitting fire”), and often having a multicolored hide, found in Ancient Greek mythology and in medieval and later heraldry (in which its depiction sometimes approaches that of a horse).


suppression

en-noun

suppression (countable and uncountable, plural suppressions)

In these circumstances the Communist guerrillas had survived Kuomintang suppression and in the autumn of 1931 they had launched a rising in the Huanglung Mountains of north Shensi.

1971, Dick Wilson, “Home and Dry in Shensi”, in The Long March 1935: The Epic of Chinese Communism's Survival, New York: Viking Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 230:

(military) The entirety of acts aimed at stopping or preventing the enemy to execute such unwanted activities like firing, regrouping, observation or others.


initiative

initiative (countable and uncountable, plural initiatives)

From French initiative, from Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”). By surface analysis, initiate + -ive.

der

(politics) An issue to be voted on, brought to the ballot by a sufficient number of signatures from among the voting public.


forearm

From fore- + arm. Compare Dutch voorarm (“forearm”), Danish forarm (“forearm”), German Vorderarm (“forearm”).

(firearms) A section of the weapon between the receiver and the muzzle, used to hold the firearm steady.


pairing

en-noun

pairing (countable and uncountable, plural pairings)

(politics) An agreement between two members of a legislative body holding opposite opinions to refrain from voting, so that both may absent themselves.


shitatedashinage

Borrowed from Japanese 下手出し投げ, literally pulling underarm throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker turns away from his opponent and pulls him forward and down.


shitatehineri

Borrowed from Japanese 下手捻り, literally twisting underarm throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker twists his opponent down with an inside grip.


shitatenage

Borrowed from Japanese 下手投げ, literally underarm throw.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker pulls his opponent straight down with his inside arm as he twists away.


shumokuzori

Borrowed from Japanese 撞木反り, literally "bell hammer backwards body drop".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker ducks under his opponent's arm and lifts him up and takes him over backwards.


sokubiotoshi

Borrowed from Japanese 素首落とし, literally head chop down.

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker chops down on his opponent's neck, forcing him to touch down.


sotogake

Borrowed from Japanese 外掛け, literally "outside leg trip".

(sumo) A kimarite in which the attacker pulls his opponent towards him, hooks his leg, and drives him over backwards.


succour

succour (countable and uncountable, plural succours)

The noun is derived from Middle English socour, interpreted as the singular form of socours (“help; encouragement; remedy; protection; helper, protector”), which is from Anglo-Norman socurs, sucurs and Old French secors, secours (modern French secours), from Medieval Latin succursus (participle), from Latin succurrēre (“to run to the help of”), from Latin sub- (“from below”) + Latin currere (“run”).
The verb is derived from Middle English socouren (“to help”), from Anglo-Norman socure (compare modern French secourir), also from Latin succurrēre.

der

Then Diocleſian, / Calling aloud for Succour to the Guard, / Soon gave 'em the Alarm, and made 'em fly / With all the Wings of Speed, to reſcue 'em; [...]

1690, indicated as Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher [actually John Fletcher and Philip Massinger, and revised by Thomas Betterton], The Prophetess: Or, The History of Dioclesian. … With Alterations and Additions, after the Manner of an Opera. […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, act IV, scene i, page 43:

[T]he Allies having raiſed the Siege of Barcelona, penetrated as far as Madrid, which King Philip abandon'd and went to Head the Succours ſent him by France, as he declared in his Manifeſto: which Succours were ſo conſiderable, that being join'd with the Troops that had been compell'd to raiſe the Siege of Barcelona, and had marched through Navarre into Caſtile; his Army was ſtronger than that of the Allies, [...]

1741, unknown [formerly attributed to Daniel Defoe], The Life and Adventures of Mrs. Christian Davies, the British Amazon, commonly called Mother Ross: […], 2nd edition, London: Printed for R[ichard] Montagu, →OCLC, part II, page 2:

[T]he Megalopolitans decreed to ſend embaſſadors to the aſſembly of the Achæans, begging leave to ſolicit ſuccours from Antigonus. [...] The general aſſembly, having given audience to the embaſſadors, and reflecting, that they were not in a condition to yield them any effectual ſuccours, by reaſon of their great ſtreights, aſſented to their propoſal, and granted them leave to purſue their orders.

1747, [George Sale [et al.]], “Sect. III. The History of the Several States of Greece, from the Beginning of the Achæan League to Its Dissolution, and thence Succinctly to the Present Time. [The History of Achaia.]”, in An Universal History, from the Earliest Account of Time. […], volume VII, London: Printed for T[homas] Osborne, […]; A[ndrew] Millar, […]; and J Osborn, […], →OCLC, book II (The Grecian and Asiatic History), page 228:

In this critical moment the counteſs mounted a high tower, and looking eagerly towards the ſea, diſcerned a fleet at a diſtance; upon which ſhe cried out in a tranſport of joy, Succours! ſuccours! the English ſuccours! no capitulation. She was not miſtaken: the Engliſh fleet ſoon after entered the harbour, [...]

1805, Robert Henry, “The Civil and Military History of Great Britain, from the Death of King John, A.D. 1216, to the Accession of Henry IV. A.D. 1399”, in The History of Great Britain from the First Invasion of It by the Romans under Julius Cæsar. Written on a New Plan, 4th edition, volume VII, London: Printed for T[homas] Cadell, and W[illiam] Davies, […], →OCLC, section IV ([F]rom the Accession of Edward III. 24th January A.D. 1327, to the Accession of Richard II. 21st June A.D. 1377), page 224:

(uncountable, military) Aid or assistance in the form of military equipment and soldiers, especially reinforcements sent to support military action.

подкрепление

aid or assistance in the form of military equipment and soldiers


succour

en-verb

succour (third-person singular simple present succours, present participle succouring, simple past and past participle succoured)

succours (present singular third-person)
succouring (participle present)
succoured (participle past)
succoured (past)
succour (infinitive)
succour (first-person present singular)
succoured (first-person past singular)
succour (present second-person singular)
succourest (archaic present second-person singular)
succoured (past second-person singular)
succouredst (archaic past second-person singular)
succours (present singular third-person)
succoureth (archaic present singular third-person)
succoured (past singular third-person)
succour (plural present)
succoured (past plural)
succour (present subjunctive)
succoured (past subjunctive)
succour (imperative present)
succouring (participle present)
succoured (participle past)
succor (alternative)

Shortlie after, Algar Earle of Cheſter, being conuicted of treaſon againſt the king, fled to Gruffyth king or prince of VVales, who gathered his power to reuenge the often wrongs, which he had receiued at the Engliſhmens hands, who euer ſuccoured his enimies againſt him.

1584, “Gruffyth the Sonne of Lhewelyn ap Sitsylht and Angharat”, in H. Lhoyd [i.e., Humphrey Llwyd], transl., edited by David Powel, The Historie of Cambria, now Called VVales: A Part of the Most Famous Yland of Brytaine, Written in the Brytish Language aboue Two Hundreth Yeares past: Translated into English […], imprinted at London: By Rafe Newberie and Henrie Denham, →OCLC, pages 98–99:

Mr. Pitt [i.e., William Pitt the Younger] presented, by his Majesty's command, a copy of the defensive alliance between his Majesty and the States General of the United Provinces, signed at the Hague, the 15th of April 1788; and translation. [...] Art 2. In case either of the high contracting parties should be hostilely attacked by any European Power in any part of the world whatsoever, the other contracting party engages to succour its ally as well by sea as by land, [...]

1788 May 23, “Copy of the Treaty of Defensive Alliance with Holland”, in [William Cobbett], editor, The Parliamentary History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803. […], volume XXVII, London: Printed by T[homas] C[urson] Hansard, […] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, & Brown; [et al.], published 1816, →OCLC, columns 553–554:

[A] shout of joy burst from the despairing remnant of Major Courtland's troops, and a reinforcement of British rushed through the narrow defile to succour their exhausted comrades.

1824, [Eliza Lanesford Cushing], chapter IV, in Saratoga; a Tale of the Revolution. … In Two Volumes, volume I, Boston, Mass.: Published by Cummings, Hilliard & Co., →OCLC, page 65:

(transitive, military) To provide aid or assistance in the form of military equipment and soldiers; in particular, for helping a place under siege.


coating

The bogey gave him a right coating.

1931, The Police Journal, volume 4, page 501:

(law enforcement slang) A telling-off; a reprimand.


flutter

flutter (third-person singular simple present flutters, present participle fluttering, simple past and past participle fluttered)

flutters (present singular third-person)
fluttering (participle present)
fluttered (participle past)
fluttered (past)

From Middle English floteren, from Old English floterian, flotorian (“to float about, flutter”), from Proto-Germanic *flutrōną, frequentative of Proto-Germanic *flutōną (“to float”), equivalent to float + -er (frequentative suffix). Cognate with West Frisian flodderje (“to flutter, beat”), Dutch flodderen (“to flutter, wave”), Low German fluttern, fluddern (“to flutter”), German flittern (“to sparkle, glitter”). More at float.

cog

This was the first time that Nosenko had been subjected to a lie detector — or what the CIA called fluttering. The Soviet Union did not use such devices for interrogation.

1978, Edward Jay Epstein, Legend: The Secret World of Lee Harvey Oswald, page 38:

"Anyway, she cracked and we fluttered her and—" / "Fluttered her?" / "Sorry, gave her a polygraph, a lie detector test. And she passed, more or less, […]

(espionage, slang) To subject to a lie detector test.


hot spot

hot spots (plural)
hotspot (alternative)

пизэке

place notable for a high level of activity or danger

A location which has a higher temperature or amount of radiation than surrounding areas.

(firefighting, forestry) A part of a forest fire which is burning actively.


circumcise

en-verb

circumcise (third-person singular simple present circumcises, present participle circumcising, simple past and past participle circumcised)

circumcises (present singular third-person)
circumcising (participle present)
circumcised (participle past)
circumcised (past)

From Old French circoncisier, from Latin circumcīdō (“cut around”), from circum (“about, around; through”) + caedō (“cut, hew”).

(military, nautical, slang) To trim off the portion of the barrel liner of a large-caliber naval gun that protrudes from the end of the barrel as a result of the liner slowly stretching from prolonged fire.


stockade

From French estocade, equivalent to stock + -ade.

(military) An enclosure protected by a wall of wooden posts.

огра́да от колове

an enclosure protected by a wall of wooden posts


flyweight

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-flyweight.wav

(martial arts) A weight class in many combat sports; e.g. in professional boxing of a maximum of 112 pounds or 50.8 kilograms.

kärpässarjalainen

combat sports -related term for small, light or unimportant


divisions

At the Britannia Royal Naval College, the Lord High Admiral's Divisions is a parade held in the presence of the monarch or her representative.

(UK, naval) A formal parade of a ship's or shore establishment's company.


clinic

clinics (plural)
clinique (alternative archaic)

Borrowed from French clinique, from Late Latin clīnicus (“a bed-ridden person, one baptized on a sick-bed, a physician”), from Ancient Greek κλῑνικός (klīnikós, “pertaining to a bed”), from κλῑ́νη (klī́nē, “bed”), from κλῑ́νω (klī́nō, “to lean, incline”).

der

(wrestling) A series of workouts used to build skills of practitioners regardless of team affiliation.


full house

American Handgunner, Heavyweight Bullets In The .357 Magnum
An occasional pig, and not so occasional ram, would quiver and then settle back down without toppling, even when hit dead center with a full-house load with a 158-gr. jacketed .357 Magnum bullet.

(firearms) Having ammunition loaded to full allowable power, usually in reference to magnum handgun cartridges and shotgun shells.


reformist

en-adj

reformist (comparative more reformist, superlative most reformist)

more reformist (comparative)
most reformist (superlative)

From reform + -ist. Originated around the end of the 16th century.

[...] all the prose is German, all reformist, all moralising, and has little or practically no echo of antiquity.

1913, Émile Faguet, translated by Sir Home Gordon, Initiation into Literature:

(politics) Advocating reform of an institution or body.

reformista

advocating reform of an institution or body


tschinke

(firearms) A light wheellock hunting rifle once used for shooting wildfowl.


Stink Face

Stink Faces (plural)
Stinkface (alternative)

Her low point came when she was the unlucky recipient of a “Stink Face” administered by Rikishi.

2001, Floyd Conner, Wrestling's Most Wanted:

2002, Mick Foley, Foley is Good http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&vid=ISBN0061032417&id=Zghk-VaOVC8C&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&sig=awDF-ul0is7ZNxd8sp7_j-xGTuQ
What I have in mind for Al is the literary equivalent of Mr. Socko, The Worm, The Stink Face, The Ho Train, and The People’s Elbow all being delivered simultaneously, and the effect will be devastating.

A character named “Puke,” who can vomit on command, X-Pac urinating in an opponents boot, and Rikishi’s “stink face” (i.e., rubbing his massive rear in the face of another wrestler) are examples of attempts to boost wrestling ratings.

2003, Patrice A Oppliger, Wrestling and Hypermasculinity http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&vid=ISBN0786416920&id=kbf5Lwzl2J8C&pg=PA68&lpg=PA68&sig=InDuvz1P8nk-kUPM5Dig5b5CS78

(professional wrestling) A humiliating wrestling move in which a wrestler rubs their exposed buttocks in their opponent's face.


chapeau

Borrowed from Middle French chappeau. The interjection is after Modern French chapeau in similar use, originally short for chapeau bas.


miller

From Middle English myllere, mellere, from earlier mylnere, possibly from an Old English *mylnere, from Proto-West Germanic *mulīnārī (“miller”), equivalent to mill + -er; cf. also Late Latin molīnārius (“miller”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Muller, Dutch mulder, molenaar, German Low German Möller, German Müller, Müllner, Danish møller, Norwegian Bokmål møller, Norwegian Nynorsk mylnar, møllar, Swedish mjölnare, Icelandic mylnari.
Compare also Middle English milward, mulward (“miller”), from Old English mylenweard (“miller”, literally “mill-keeper”) (> English Millward (surname)).

m+

every miller draws water to his own mill


neo

The neos seem to be no less uncomfortable with the paleos than the paleos are with the neos, […]

1994, Samuel Francis, Beautiful Losers: Essays on the Failure of American Conservatism, page 180:

Some say the neos are good for what ails us on both foreign and domestic fronts, while others are quick to debate that.

2008, Ben J. Wattenberg, Fighting Words: A Tale of How Liberals Created Neo-Conservatism, page 6:


ogress

Uncertain. Attested in this form since 1572. The French term ogoesse is only attested later (1611 in an English dictionary, 1690 in a French dictionary) and may be derived from English. The 1486 Book of Coat Armour in the Book of St. Albans says "gonestonys" are called "oglys" in heraldic blazon; perhaps someone in the 1500s misread ogles as ogres(s) and mistook the plural for a singular, compare the use of pommeis (“roundel(s) vert”) as a singular. The form agresses is found in some 18th century works, alongside ogresses.

Beareth Verte, fiue Fermaulxz in Crosse D'Or, a Border d'Argent, charged with eight Ogresses: or, after the French blazon, 'Ogressée de huit pieces'.

1572, John Bossewell, Workes of Armorie, II, 37b:


purfle

purfles (plural)
purflew (alternative)
purfyle (alternative)

From Old French porfiler, from Latin pro- + filum (“thread”). Doublet of profile.

Adumbration (or Transparency) is a clear Exemption of the Substance of the Charge, so that there remaineth only the outward Strokes or Purfle of a Thing;

1726, John Guillim, The banner display'd: or, An abridgment of Guillim [in his Display of heraldrie] by S. Kent, page 43:

Cross […] has its extremities ending in a flower of three leaves, or flower-de-luces, with a purfle, or line between them and the ends of the cross.

1804, Alexander Nisbet, A system of heraldry, speculative and practical, page 117:

(heraldry) An ornamental border, edge, or line of a different tincture or material.


purfle

en-verb

purfle (third-person singular simple present purfles, present participle purfling, simple past and past participle purfled)

purfles (present singular third-person)
purfling (participle present)
purfled (participle past)
purfled (past)
purflew (alternative)
purfyle (alternative)

Crest; a dragon passant proper, wings elevated and purfled gules.

1815, John Wilkes, Encyclopaedia Londinensis, page 606:

(heraldry, transitive) To ornament with purfle.


enemy combatant

en-noun

enemy combatant (plural enemy combatants)

(US, military) Any person in an armed conflict who may be properly detained under the laws and customs of war.

vihollistaistelija

anyone who may be properly detained under laws of war


blasted

BLASTED : leafless, applied to trees.
Argent, three scrogs, blasted, sable. Blastock of that Ilk.

1847, Henry Gough, A Glossary of Terms Used in British Heraldry: With a Chronological Table, Illustrative of Its Rise and Progress, page 57:

A modified form of this coat of arms, consisting of a blasted oak, with new branches growing out near the base, and an acorn suspended [...]

1914, Beatrice Bush, Genealogy of the Descendants of John M. Bush and Jane Osterhoudt of Kingston, Ulster Co., N.Y., 1791-1914, page 7:

(heraldry, of a tree, bush, etc) Whose branches bear no leaves; leafless.

lehdetön

heraldry, of a tree whose branches bear no leaves


canister

desctree

→ German: Kanister
→ Ladin: canister
→ Polish: kanister
→ Romanian: canistră

→ Irish: ceanastar

From Middle English canustyr (“basket”), a borrowing from Latin canistrum. Doublet of canaster and knaster.
* (metal receptacle): Through influence of unrelated can.
* (projectile): Short for canister shot, so called for its casing.

Caunt let fly left and right, but Bendy ducked his canister, and got down with more caution than gallantry.

1897, R. G. Allanson-Winn, Bertram Fletcher Robinson, Boxing, page 225:

(boxing, slang, archaic) A person's head.


cannelure

(firearms) A ringlike groove, such as that around the cylinder of an elongated bullet for small arms to contain a lubricant, or around the rotating band of a gun projectile to lessen the resistance offered to the rifling.


zero deflection

(firearms) The adjustment of a sight, exactly parallel to the axis of the bore of the gun to which it is attached.


deflection change

en-noun

deflection change (plural deflection changes)

deflection difference
deflection difference

(weaponry) A change in azimuth setting applying to all guns in a battery when the target moves, or when a shift is made from one target to another. A deflection change does not include the deflection difference which allows for the difference in positions of the various guns firing at the same target.


backstory

backstories (plural)
back-story (alternative)
back story (alternative)

From back- (prefix meaning ‘in, into, or towards the past’) + story.

prefix

(chiefly espionage, law enforcement) A fictitious account of a person's history designed to conceal their actual history and motives.


fimbriate

en-verb

fimbriate (third-person singular simple present fimbriates, present participle fimbriating, simple past and past participle fimbriated)

fimbriates (present singular third-person)
fimbriating (participle present)
fimbriated (participle past)
fimbriated (past)

Borrowed from Latin fimbriātus (“fibrous, fringed”), participial adjective formed on fimbriae (“fibers, threads, fringe”) + -ātus (participial adjective-forming suffix). See -ate (verb-forming suffix), -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

Beſides the divers tricking or dreſſing, as piercing, voiding, fimbriating, ingrailing, couping: And in fanſie and devices there is ſtill a plus ultrá; inſomuch that Croſſes alone as they are variouſly diſguiſed, are enough to diſtinguiſh all the ſeverall families of Gentlemen in England.

1639, Thomas Fuller, “Of the Honourable Arms in Scutcheons of Nobilitie Occasioned by Their Service in the Holy Warre”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], →OCLC, book V (A Supplement of the Historie of the Holy Warre), page 271:

(transitive, heraldry) To apply a thin border (a fimbriation) to some element, often to satisfy the rule of tincture.


safety pin

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-safety pin.wav

(military) The pin of a hand grenade, which prevents accidental detonation.


adumbration

en-noun

adumbration (countable and uncountable, plural adumbrations)

Edmund Husserl
Lord Belhaven and Stenton
Plato
allegory of the cave

From Latin adumbrātiō (“sketch; outline, silhouette; pretence, semblance”) + -ion (suffix indicating a condition or state). Adumbrātiō is derived from adumbrāre (present active infinitive of adumbrō (“to represent an object with light and shade, to shade; to represent in outline, to outline, silhouette, sketch; to cast a shadow on, overshadow, shade; to copy, counterfeit, imitate”)) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or the results of actions). Adumbrō is derived from ad- (prefix meaning ‘to, towards’) + umbrō (“to cast a shadow, to shade; to overshadow”) (from umbra (“shade; shadow; ghost”)).

скица

faint sketch; brief representation, outline

ADUMBRATION, [in Heraldry] an abſolute taking avvay of the Charge or Thing born, ſo that nothing of it remains but the bare Proportion of the out Lines.

[1721, N[athan] Bailey, “ADUMBRATION”, in An Universal Etymological English Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Bell, J. Darby, […], →OCLC, column 1:

It is ſaid, that ſome [emblazoned shields] bore the outline or tracing only, inſtead of the armorial figures complete; becauſe, having loſt the ſeigniory, they retained only the ſhadow of their property and conſequence. In the ſtate of the practice of delineating coat armour in the fourteenth century, it may be doubted, whether the adumbration of figures could be ſatisfactorily deſigned; and it is therefore to be allowed rather as an imaginary diſtinction, than as implying, what we have no authority to decide upon, that when the patrimonial eſtate was alienated, the poſſeſſor, in every inſtance, made at the ſame time a ceſſion of his hereditary bearing.

1793, James Dallaway, “Sect. II”, in Inquiries into the Origin and Progress of the Science of Heraldry in England. With Explanatory Observations on Armorial Ensigns, Gloucester, Gloucestershire: Printed by R[obert] Raikes, for T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, pages 110–111:

The mysterious adumbration or shadowing which occurs in some of the Hamilton coats, is also interesting, because rare, though it hardly bears out the statement of some writers that it was adopted by families who, having lost their possessions, and consequently being unable to maintain their dignity, chose rather to bear their hereditary arms adumbrated than abandon them altogether.

1893, James Balfour Paul, “Introduction”, in An Ordinary of Arms Contained in the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, Edinburgh: William Green & Sons, →OCLC, pages xiii–xiv:

(countable) A faint sketch; a brief representation, an outline.

(specifically, heraldry, rare) The supposed practice of displaying only outline of a charge (“image displayed on an escutcheon”), sometimes filled in with a darker shade than the field.


surtout

(fortifications) A raised portion of the parapet of a work at the angles, to protect from enfilade fire.


battlecruiser

battlecruisers (plural)
battle cruiser (alternative)
battle-cruiser (alternative)

Blend of battleship + cruiser, from being a cruiser-like ship with battleship-like capabilities and possibly operating in the battleline.

US Navy hull classification symbol: CC (Only used for the cancelled Lexington-class)

(military, nautical) A fast warship with thicker armor and heavier guns than a typical cruiser, but with armor, armament, or both still inferior to that of a dreadnought battleship; designed to act as an advanced scout of the battle fleet and to destroy enemy cruisers.


bailout

bailouts (plural)
bail-out (alternative)

(firefighting) The situation where a firefighter uses equipment to escape a structure where fire has proven uncontrollable.


CDM

en-noun

CDM (countable and uncountable, plural CDMs)

charge description master
charge description master#English

(US, healthcare) Initialism of charge description master.


DS

DS (countable and uncountable, plural DSs or DSes)

DSs (plural)
DSes (plural)
D. S. (alternative)
D.S. (alternative)

detective sergeant
detective sergeant#English

(law enforcement) Initialism of detective sergeant; a police rank used in Commonwealth countries.


full nelson

With the quickness of a striking rattler he launched himself full upon Sabor’s back, his strong young arms seeking and gaining a full-Nelson upon the beast, as he had learned it that other day during his bloody, wrestling victory over Terkoz.

1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC:

Bouncers had kids in full nelson headlocks as we were rushed out the side door because we were told it was too dangerous. The place was a mess; it was a total riot.

2017 July 18, Daniel Dylan Wray, quoting Martin Rev, “‘It was like going into the trenches’: how Suicide rioted against plastic punk”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

He constantly (and inconsequentially) reports online abuse too, like the person who said he should be “put in a full nelson and thrown in a river” for his mythical sewage vote

2021 October 26, Helen Pidd, “‘Got to be accessible’: the Derbyshire MP set on holding surgeries”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(wrestling) A hold in which the wrestler applying the hold puts their arms under the armpits of their opponent and applies pressure to the back of their opponent's head or neck.


brainbuster

(wrestling) A move in which the wrestler drops the opponent on the head to the mat.


half nelson

half nelsons (plural)
half-nelson (alternative)

(wrestling) A hold in which the wrestler applying the hold puts one arm under the arm of the opponent and applies pressure to the back of the opponent's head or neck.


monkey flip

(professional wrestling) A move in which a wrestler takes his opponent and flips that person over his head.


monkey flip

en-verb

monkey flip (third-person singular simple present monkey flips, present participle monkey flipping, simple past and past participle monkey flipped)

monkey flips (present singular third-person)
monkey flipping (participle present)
monkey flipped (participle past)
monkey flipped (past)

Rappers; I monkey flip 'em with the funky rhythm / I be kickin', musician inflictin' composition

1994, Nas, “N.Y. State of Mind”, in DJ Premier (music), Ilmmatic:

(professional wrestling, transitive) To perform a monkey flip on.


bull ring

bull rings (plural)
bull-ring (alternative)
bullring (alternative)

(military slang, obsolete, chiefly British) A corral wherein horses are exercised and riders trained.


flivver

Judge Rummy
Tad Dorgan
The Sun (New York City)

Unknown, early 20th c.; in 1919, cartoonist Tad Dorgan claimed to have created the term in his comic strip "Judge Rummy".

(US, military, nautical, historical, slang, derogatory) A destroyer of the United States Navy with a displacement of less than 1,000 tons.


rafale

Borrowed from French rafale. In the military context the term may well be obsolete in English; it had been introduced into French military usage by General Hippolyte Langlois in the late nineteenth century, and adopted into English and American usage not long after, but the usage seems to have petered out in English by the end of World War I.

[…] a salvo is […] a succession of shots […] with the same elevation... a single shot for each piece. By a rafale is meant all the shots of a battery fired with the same elevation, without any determined order, at the rate of more than one shot per gun. According to circumstances, three different kinds of fire are employed ... first, progressive fire; second, fire with a single elevation; third, fire by salvos or by rafales...

1903, Andrew Hero Jr., “Opening & Conduct of Fire”, in Antiaircraft Journal, volume 20, page 47:

And then, above the hum of the roadside, rose the voice of the great guns. The shells were bursting four or five miles away, and the guns must have been as many more distant. But in that upland pocket of plain in the frosty night they sounded most intimately near. They kept up their solemn litany, with a minute's interval between each - no rafale which rumbles like a drum, but the steady persistence of artillery exactly ranged on a target.

Then, as if a spring had been loosed, the world suddenly leaped to a hideous life. With a growl the guns opened round all the horizon. They were especially fierce to the south, where a rafale beat as I had never heard it before. The one glance I cast behind me showed the gap in the hills choked with fumes and dust.

(military) A short, intense burst of artillery fire from a number of weapons fired with the intention of overwhelming resistance or routing an attacking force.


non-commissioned

(military) Not holding a military commission.


IND

(politics) Abbreviation of independent, especially where the alternatives are initialisms (e.g., for television networks).


cal

(military, informal) Clipping of caliber.


backscatter

en-noun

backscatter (countable and uncountable, plural backscatters)

backscatters (plural)
back scatter (alternative)
back-scatter (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-backscatter.wav

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation

(military) A portion of the energy of electromagnetic radiation such as a laser or radio waves that is scattered back in the direction of the source of radiation by an obscurant.

takaisinsironta

military: portion of energy that is scattered back


torse

From Middle French torse (“wreath”), from Latin torqueō (“to twist”). Doublet of trousse and truss.

(heraldry) A twist of cloth or wreath, typically placed underneath and forming part of a crest (as an orle or wreath) and customarily shown with six twists, the first tincture being the tincture of the field, the second the tincture of the metal, and so on; rarely, it occurs as a charge.

гирлянда

heraldry: a twist of cloth or wreath forming the lowest part of the crest


buster

Originally a dialectal variant of burster; later influenced by bust + -er.
The combining form of the term has appeared from the early 20th century but been especially prolific during three periods: in the 1930s, owing to the success of the radio series Gang Busters; in the 1940s, owing to its appearance as military slang; and in the 1980s, owing to the success of the movie Ghostbusters.

rebenta-

person or thing that breaks or overwhelms

German ‘balloon busters’ attack the Dover barrage.

Our main purpose in further experimentation with nuclear bombs is not... to make city-busters more horrible.

B-2 bombers are the only plane capable of carrying the Massive Ordinance Penetrator, which experts have highlighted as the only type of bomb potentially capable of destroying Iran’s underground Fordow nuclear facility. Each B-2 bomber is able to carry two of these “bunker buster” bombs, which weigh an impressive 30,000 pounds each.

2025 June 21, Thomas Bordeaux, Natasha Bertrand and Zachary Cohen, “US moves B-2 bombers as Trump weighs Iran options”, in CNN:

The bombs used in the strikes were GBU-57A/B Massive Ordnance Penetrators, known as a “bunker busters,” two sources familiar with the operation said.

2025 June 21, Kevin Liptak, “Strikes on Iranian nuclear sites thrust US into escalating Middle East conflict”, in CNN:

(chiefly military slang) Forming compounds denoting a team, weapon, or device specialized in the destruction of the first element.

Men nicknamed him the ‘Booze Buster’, and cartoonists loved to picture him, revolver in hand,... fighting the demon rum.

1920, F. A. McKenzie, ‘Pussyfoot’ Johnson, v. 83

The professional fraud-busters [of the art world].

New York City traffic agents have become Gridlock Busters and cigarette foes are smokebusters.

(chiefly colloquial, with 'of') Someone who or something that 'breaks', tames, or overpowers a specified person or thing.

(chiefly law enforcement slang) Forming compounds denoting an agent or agency tasked with reducing or eliminating the first element.