gentleman

Chinese Pidgin English: gentleman

→ Danish: gentleman

→ Esperanto: ĝentlemano

→ French: gentleman

desctree

→ Russian: джентльмен (džentlʹmen)
→ Armenian: ջենտլմեն (ǰentlmen)
→ Georgian: ჯენტლმენი (ǯenṭlmeni)

→ Mohegan-Pequot: gundermon

→ Polish: dżentelmen

→ Portuguese: gentleman

→ Spanish: gentleman

→ Yiddish: דזשענטעלמען (dzhentelmen)

[ˈd͡ʒɛɾ̃.ɫ̩.mən]

From Middle English gentilman, morphologically gentle + man, partial calque of Old French gentilhome.

(cricket) An amateur player, particularly one whose wealth permits him to forego payment.


drill down

en-verb

drill down (third-person singular simple present drills down, present participle drilling down, simple past and past participle drilled down)

drills down (present singular third-person)
drilling down (participle present)
drilled down (participle past)
drilled down (past)

They drilled down three pointers throughout the second half.

(transitive, basketball) To score points; to do well in a basketball game.


merry-go-round

Possibly from go round (= rotate) merrily.

Russell kept the merry-go-round moving with an RBI single that advanced Henderson to third.

(baseball, figurative) A series of singles and doubles that allow the batting team to score while still having runners on base who can be driven in by the next batter.


hill

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

From Middle English hil, from Old English hyll (“hill”), from Proto-Germanic *hulliz (“hill”), from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥Hnís (“top, hill, rock”) (compare also Proto-Germanic *halluz (“stone, rock”)).
Cognate with Middle Dutch hille, hulle (“hill”), Low German hull (“hill”), Old Norse hóll (“hill”), Latin collis (“hill”), Lithuanian kalnas, Albanian kallumë (“big pile, tall heap”), Russian холм (xolm, “hill”), Old English holm (“rising land, island”). More at holm.


range

Japanese: レンジ (renji)

Korean: 레인지 (reinji)

From Middle English rengen, from Old French rengier (“to range, to rank, to order,”), from the noun renc, reng, ranc, rang (“a rank, row”), from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle, curve”). Doublet of ring.

der

Jones has good range for a big man.

(sports, baseball) The defensive area that a player can cover.

防守領域 /防守领域

baseball: defensive area covered by a player


range

en-verb

range (third-person singular simple present ranges, present participle ranging, simple past and past participle ranged)

ranges (present singular third-person)
ranging (participle present)
ranged (participle past)
ranged (past)

Willie, playing in left-center, raced toward a ball no human had any business getting a glove to. Mays ranged to his left, searching, digging in, pouring on the speed, as the crowd screamed its anticipation of a triple.

2009, Jason Aronoff, Going, Going ... Caught!: Baseball's Great Outfield Catches as Described by Those Who Saw Them, 1887-1964, →ISBN, page 250:

(baseball) Of a player, to travel a significant distance for a defensive play.


rest

en-noun

rest (countable and uncountable, plural rests)

From Middle English rest, reste, from Old English ræst, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”). Cognate with West Frisian rêst (“rest”), Dutch rust (“rest”), German Rast (“rest”), Swedish rast (“rest”), Norwegian rest (“rest”), Icelandic röst (“rest”), Old Irish árus (“dwelling”), German Ruhe (“calm”), Albanian resht (“to stop, pause”), Welsh araf (“quiet, calm, gentle”), Lithuanian rovà (“calm”), Ancient Greek ἐρωή (erōḗ, “rest, respite”), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬨𐬈 (aⁱrime, “calm, peaceful”), Sanskrit रमते (rámate, “he stays still, calms down”), Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 (rimis, “tranquility”). Related to roo.

rest

stick used to support the cue in snooker

Higgins can't quite reach the white with his cue, so he'll be using the rest.

(snooker, countable) A stick with a U-, V- or X-shaped head used to support the tip of a cue when the cue ball is otherwise out of reach.


bean

en-verb

bean (third-person singular simple present beans, present participle beaning, simple past and past participle beaned)

beans (present singular third-person)
beaning (participle present)
beaned (participle past)
beaned (past)

From Middle English bene, from Old English bēan, from Proto-West Germanic *baunu, from Proto-Germanic *baunō (“bean”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰabʰ- (“bean”). Cognate with Scots bene, bein (“bean”), West Frisian bean (“bean”), Dutch boon (“bean”), German Bohne (“bean”),
Swedish böna (“bean”),
Danish bønne (“bean”), Norwegian bønne (“bean”), Icelandic baun (“bean”), Latin faba (“bean”), Russian боб (bob, “bean”), Serbo-Croatian бо̏б/bȍb. Doublet of fava.

The pitcher beaned the batter, rather than letting him hit another home run.

Though I shall have to exercise an iron self-restraint to keep me from beaning that pie-faced little hornswoggler Mrs Bertram Wooster, nee Wickham, with the shaker.
[...]
 dudgeon might easily lead her to reach for the ginger ale bottle and bean me with it.

1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter IX and XI:

(chiefly baseball) To hit with a projectile, especially a deliberately aimed blow to the head.


dot

From Middle English *dot, dotte, from Old English dott (“a dot, point”), from Proto-West Germanic *dott, from Proto-Germanic *duttaz (“wisp”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Dot, Dotte (“a clump”), Dutch dot (“lump, knot, clod”), Low German Dutte (“a plug”), dialectal Swedish dott (“a little heap, bunch, clump”).

cog

That left 15 needed from Boult's final set. Two dots were followed by a heave over deep mid-wicket, then came the outrageous moment of fortune.

2019 July 14, Stephan Shemilt, “England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic finale against New Zealand”, in BBC Sport, London:


chase

en-verb

chase (third-person singular simple present chases, present participle chasing, simple past and past participle chased)

chases (present singular third-person)
chasing (participle present)
chased (participle past)
chased (past)
chace (alternative)

From Middle English chacen, from Anglo-Norman chacer, Old French chacier, from Late Latin captiāre, from Latin captāre, frequentative of capere. Compare French chasser (“to hunt”, “to chase”), Spanish cazar (“to hunt”), Portuguese caçar (“to hunt”)
, see Norwegian skysse (“to hunt”).
Doublet of catch and related to capture. Displaced native Old English ōht, ēhtnes, and wāþ. Broadly overtook Old English huntaþ.

Australia will be chasing 217 for victory on the final day.

(transitive, cricket) To attempt to win by scoring the required number of runs in the final innings.

tavoitella

cricket: to attempt to score required number of runs

Jones chases one out of the zone for strike two.

(transitive, baseball) To swing at a pitch outside of the strike zone, typically an outside pitch.

The rally chased the starter.

(transitive, baseball) To produce enough offense to cause the pitcher to be removed.


sack

→ Japanese: サック (sakku)

From Middle English sak, sek, sach, zech (“bag, sackcloth”), from Old English sacc (“sack, bag”) and sæċċ (“sackcloth, sacking”); both from Proto-West Germanic *sakku, from late Proto-Germanic *sakkuz (“sack”), borrowed from Latin saccus (“large bag”), from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “bag of coarse cloth”), from Semitic, possibly Phoenician or Hebrew.
Cognate with Dutch zak, German Sack, Swedish säck, Danish sæk, Hebrew שַׂק (śaq, “sack, sackcloth”), Aramaic סַקָּא, Classical Syriac ܣܩܐ, Ge'ez ሠቅ (śäḳ), Akkadian 𒆭𒊓 (saqqu), Egyptian sꜣgꜣ. Doublet of sac, saccus, saco, and sakkos.
Černý and Forbes suggest the word was originally Egyptian, a nominal derivative of sꜣq (“to gather or put together”) that also yielded Coptic ⲥⲟⲕ (sok, “sackcloth”) and was borrowed into Greek perhaps by way of a Semitic intermediary. However, Vycichl and Hoch reject this idea, noting that such an originally Egyptian word would be expected to yield Hebrew *סַק rather than שַׂק. Instead, they posit that the Coptic and Greek words are both borrowed from Semitic, with the Coptic word perhaps developing via Egyptian sꜣgꜣ.
Sense evolution
* “Pillage” senses from the use of sacks in carrying off plunder. From Middle French sac, shortened from the phrase mettre à sac (“put it in a bag”), a military command to pillage; also parallel meaning with Italian sacco (“plunder”), from Medieval Latin saccō (“pillage”). From Vulgar Latin saccare (“to plunder”), from saccus (“sack”). See also ransack. American football “tackle” sense from this “plunder, conquer” root.
* “Removal from employment” senses attested since 1825; the original formula was “to give (someone) the sack”, likely from the notion of a worker going off with his tools in a sack, or being given such a sack for his personal belongings as part of an expedient severance. Idiom exists earlier in French (on luy a donné son sac, 17c.) and Middle Dutch (iemand den zak geven). English verb in this sense recorded from 1841. Current verb, to sack (“to fire”) carries influence from the forceful nature of “plunder, tackle” verb senses.
* Slang meaning “bunk, bed” is attested since 1825, originally nautical, likely in reference to sleeping bags. The verb meaning “go to bed” is recorded from 1946.
* Slang meaning "scrotum" is an ellipsis of ballsack.

doublet

(American football) A successful tackle of the quarterback behind the line of scrimmage.

He twisted his ankle sliding into the sack at second.

(baseball) One of the square bases anchored at first base, second base, or third base.


sack

en-verb

sack (third-person singular simple present sacks, present participle sacking, simple past and past participle sacked)

sacks (present singular third-person)
sacking (participle present)
sacked (participle past)
sacked (past)

уволнявам

informal: to remove from a job or position — see also fire

On third down, the rejuvenated Rickey Jackson stormed in over All-Pro left tackle Richmond Webb to sack Marino yet again for a 2-yard loss.

1995, John Crumpacker and Gwen Knapp, "Sack-happy defensive line stuns Dolphins", SFGate.com, November 21

(American football) To tackle the quarterback behind the line of scrimmage, especially before he is able to throw a pass.


technical

en-noun

technical (countable and uncountable, plural technicals)

From Late Latin technicus + -al, from Ancient Greek τεχνικός (tekhnikós), from τέχνη (tékhnē, “skill”).


bouncer

‘You try to hit the bouncer that you should duck under. Your bat misses it completely. The ball strikes your temple, whack!’

1998, Kamila Shamsie, In the City by the Sea, Bloomsbury (2004), page 165:

(cricket) A short-pitched ball that bounces up towards, or above the height of the batsman’s head.


forward

forwards (plural)
foreward (alternative)
forrard (alternative)
forrad (alternative)
forred (alternative)

From Middle English foreward, from Old English foreweard (“forward, inclined to the front, fore, early, former”), from Proto-Germanic *fura- (“fore-”), *warþaz (“turned”), equivalent to fore + -ward. Cognate with Dutch voorwaarts (“forward”), German vorwärts (“forward”).

der

(rugby) One of the eight players (comprising two props, one hooker, two locks, two flankers and one number eight, collectively known as the pack) whose primary task is to gain and maintain possession of the ball (compare back).

(soccer) A player on a team in football (soccer) in the row nearest to the opposing team's goal, who are therefore principally responsible for scoring goals.

rojník

players nearest to the opposing rugby team

مُهَاجِم

player nearest to the opposing soccer team

(basketball) The small forward or power forward position; two frontcourt positions that are taller than guards but shorter than centers.


frame

→ Korean: 프레임 (peureim)

→ Swahili: fremu

From Middle English frame (“profit, benefit, advantage; a structure composed according to a plan”), from the verb (above) and also from Old Norse frami (“advantage, fame, bravery, efficiency, privilege, honor”); and frame (“a framework or structure of any kind”) which is of uncertain origin. The latter is usually regarded as a derivative of former; however, compare the rare Anglo-Norman and Old French frame, fraine (“frame, framework”), itself of uncertain origin, which might be a borrowing from the English, from the Norse, or even possibly ultimately from Frankish *hramu (“frame”) related to Dutch raam (“window frame”).

der

(snooker) A complete game of snooker, from break-off until all the balls (or as many as necessary to win) have been potted.


glove

From Middle English glove, glofe, from Old English glōf, *glōfe, *glōfa, ("glove"; weak forms attested only in plural form glōfan (“gloves”)), from Proto-Germanic *galōfô (“glove”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- (“collective and associative prefix”) + Proto-Germanic *lōfô (“flat of the hand, palm”), from Proto-Indo-European *lāp-, *lēp-, *lep- (“flat”). Cognate with Scots gluve, gluive (“glove”), Icelandic glófi (“glove”). Related to Middle English lofe, lufe (“palm of the hand”). More at loof.

gloss

"glove"; weak forms attested only in plural form <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">glōfan</i> (“gloves”)

der

Frederico had a great glove, but he couldn't hit a curveball, so he never broke into the pros.

(baseball, figuratively) The ability to catch a hit ball.


glove

en-verb

glove (third-person singular simple present gloves, present participle gloving, simple past and past participle gloved)

gloves (present singular third-person)
gloving (participle present)
gloved (participle past)
gloved (past)

He gloved the line drive for the third out.

(baseball, transitive) To catch the ball in a baseball mitt.

(cricket) To touch (a delivery) with one's glove while the gloved hand is on the bat. Under the rules of cricket, the batsman is deemed to have hit the ball.


boundary

From bound + -ary, Old French, from Latin.

(cricket) an edge or line marking an edge of the playing field

(cricket) an event whereby the ball is struck and either touches or passes over a boundary (with or without bouncing), usually resulting in an award of 4 (four) or 6 (six) runs respectively for the batting team


googly

Unknown; perhaps derived from googie (“an egg, in reference to the unusual direction of bounce”). Though the delivery was perfected and made famous by English cricketer Bernard Bosanquet, circa 1900, the term is recorded earlier in Australian English (1896).

To go the whole round of bowlers before, again putting, on either Copplestone or B. Goodwin was a mistake, I thought, and equally so were Molyneau's repeated attempts at bowling slow "googlies."

1896 November 28, The Independent, Foostcray, Vic, page 3, column 3:

Pelham Warner says Bosanquet is really invaluable. He can bowl as badly as anyone in the world, but when he gets a length those slow googlies, as the Australian players call them, are apt to paralyse the greatest players.

1904 March 9, The Otago Witness, Otago, page 52:

(cricket) A ball, bowled by a leg-break bowler, that spins from off to leg (to a right-handed batsman), unlike a normal leg-break delivery.


Olyroos

(soccer) The Australian Olympic soccer team.


swish

en-noun

swish (countable and uncountable, plural swishes)

(basketball) A successful basketball shot that does not touch the rim or backboard.

xuá

(cricket) A rapid or careless attacking stroke by the batter.


swish

en-verb

swish (third-person singular simple present swishes, present participle swishing, simple past and past participle swished)

swishes (present singular third-person)
swishing (participle present)
swished (participle past)
swished (past)

(basketball) To make a successful basketball shot that does not touch the rim or backboard.


nursery

en-noun

nursery (countable and uncountable, plural nurseries)

Carolina Stanley
Fritz von Uhde
Kunsthalle Hamburg
María Eugenia Vidal

From Middle English noricerie, norserye (“children's nursery; state of being fostered or nursed; education, upbringing”) [and other forms], from Old French norricerie, nourricerie, from norrice, nourrice (modern French nourrice (“childminder, nanny; wet nurse”)) + -erie (suffix forming feminine nouns). Norrice and nourrice are derived from Late Latin nūtrīcia (“wet nurse”), from Latin nūtrīcius (“that nurses or suckles; nourishing”), from nūtriō (“to breastfeed, nurse, suckle”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂- (“to flow”). The English word may be analysed as nourice, nurse + -ery (suffix forming nouns meaning ‘place of’).

refn

From the collection of the Kunsthalle Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.

nb...

norceri, norcerie, norcery, norcerye, norisri, norisrie, norisserie, norisserye, norserie, norserye, norsheri, norshery, norysrye, nursery

де́тска я́сла

place where nursing or the raising of children is carried out

разса́дник

place where anything is fostered and growth promoted

(countable, billiards) Short for nursery cannon (“a carom shot involving balls that are very close together”).


hanging

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

hanging breaking ball

hanging slider

(baseball, slang, of an off-speed pitch) Hittable; poorly executed by the pitcher, hence relatively easy to hit.


load

en-verb

load (third-person singular simple present loads, present participle loading, simple past loaded, past participle loaded or (archaic) loaden)

loads (present singular third-person)
loading (participle present)
loaded (past)
loaded (participle past)
loaden (archaic participle past)

The sense of “burden” first arose in the 13th century as a secondary meaning of Middle English lode, loade, which had the main significance of “way, course, journey”, from Old English lād (“course, journey; way, street, waterway; leading, carrying; maintenance, support”) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laidō (“leading, way”), Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to go, go forth, die”).
Cognate with Middle Low German leide (“entourage, escort”), German Leite (“line, course, load”), Swedish led (“way, trail, line”), Icelandic leið (“way, course, route”)). As such, load is a doublet of lode, which has preserved the older meaning.
Most likely, the semantic extension of the Middle English substantive arose by conflation with the (etymologically unrelated) verb lade; however, Middle English lode occurs only as a substantive; the transitive verb load (“to charge with a load”) is recorded only in the 16th century (frequently in Shakespeare),
and (except for the participle laden) has largely supplanted lade in modern English.

cog

He walks to load the bases.

(transitive, baseball) To put runners on first, second and third bases


wishbone

(American football) A particular kind of offensive formation. See wishbone formation.


pocket

→ Japanese: ポケット

→ Welsh: poced

From Middle English pocket (“bag, sack”), from Anglo-Norman poket, Old Northern French poquet, poquete, diminutive of poque, poke (“bag, sack”) (compare modern Norman pouquette and modern French pochette from Old French pochete, from puche), from Frankish *pokā (“pouch”), from Proto-Germanic *pukkô, *pukô (“bag; pouch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”). Doublet of pochette. Cognate with Middle Dutch poke, Alemannic German Pfoch (“purse, bag”), Old English pocca, pohha (“poke, pouch, pocket, bag”), Old Norse poki (“bag, pocket”). Compare the related poke (“sack or bag”). See also Modern French pochette and Latin bucca.

der

is that a gun in your pocket or are you just pleased to see me

(sports, billiards, pool, snooker) An indention and cavity with a net sack or similar structure (into which the balls are to be struck) at each corner and one centered on each side of a pool or snooker table.

գնդապարկ

billiards: net into which balls are struck

For many years, the popular belief among NFL analysts was that the success of an NFL team comes with a quarterback who can stand tall in the pocket and deliver the ball downfield. Members of the elite group of active quarterbacks, Peyton Manning, Tom Brady and Drew Brees, for instance, also earned their reputation by making plays almost exclusively from the pocket.

2014 June 20, Gregor Bozic, "Ramblings: Classic Pocket Passers versus Mobile Quarterbacks", Football Outsiders

With some notable exceptions, NFL teams that are successful on dropbacks outside the pocket have tended to win more games

2019 Dec. 6, Josh Hermsmeyer, "Teams Are Excelling when Their QBs Leave the Pocket. Can that Continue?", FiveThirtyEight

The Pocket Area is the area between the outside edges of the normal tackle positions on each side of the center extending backward to the offensive team's end line. After the ball leaves the pocket area, this area no longer exists.

2021, Official Playing Rules of the National Football League, §26: Pocket Area

intentional grounding
intentional grounding

(American football) The area behind the line of scrimmage subject to certain rules regarding intentional grounding, illegal contact, etc., formally extending to the end zone but more usually understood as the central area around the quarterback directly protected by the offensive line.

Matt Stevens was crumpled by Euan Murray in another scrum, allowing Parks to kick for the corner, and when Richie Gray's clean take from the subsequent line-out set up a series of drives under the posts, Parks was back in the pocket to belt over a drop-goal to make it 9-3 at the interval.

2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport:

(rugby) The position held by a second defensive middle, where an advanced middle must retreat after making a touch on the attacking middle.


pocket

en-verb

pocket (third-person singular simple present pockets, present participle pocketing, simple past and past participle pocketed)

pockets (present singular third-person)
pocketing (participle present)
pocketed (participle past)
pocketed (past)

(billiards, snooker, pool) To cause a ball to go into one of the pockets of the table; to complete a shot.

вкарвам

to cause a ball to go into a pocket of a billiard table


shade

shade (third-person singular simple present shades, present participle shading, simple past and past participle shaded)

shades (present singular third-person)
shading (participle present)
shaded (participle past)
shaded (past)

From Middle English schaden, from the noun.

Jones will shade a little to the right on this pitch count.

(intransitive, baseball, of a defensive player) To move slightly from one's normal fielding position.


tag

From Middle English tagge (“small piece hanging from a garment”), probably of North Germanic origin. Compare Norwegian tagg (“point; prong; barb; tag”), Swedish tagg (“thorn; prickle; tine”), Icelandic tág (“a willow-twig”). Compare also tack.

cog

The tag was applied at second for the final out.

(heading) Involving being tagged physically.

(baseball) An instance of touching the baserunner with the ball or the ball in a gloved hand to rule him "out."

polttaminen

baseball: instance of touching the baserunner with the ball to rule him "out"


tag

en-verb

tag (third-person singular simple present tags, present participle tagging, simple past and past participle tagged)

tags (present singular third-person)
tagging (participle present)
tagged (participle past)
tagged (past)

He really tagged that ball.

(transitive, baseball, colloquial) To hit the ball hard.

He tagged the runner for the out.

(transitive, baseball) To put a runner out by touching them with the ball or the ball in a gloved hand.


tater

Representing an aphetic pronunciation of potato. Compare patater (“potato”), 'mater (“tomato”), and 'naner (“banana”).

Playing 14 seasons in the major leagues, the right-handed-batting Scott was a three-time All-Star and hit 271 home runs, or taters, as he called them.

2013 July 29, Richard Goldstein, “George Scott, Slugger Who Boomed ‘Taters’ in Fenway, Dies at 69”, in The New York Times:


touchdown

en-noun

touchdown (countable and uncountable, plural touchdowns)

touchdowns (plural)
touch down (alternative)
touch-down (alternative)

Today I scored my first touchdown.

“I must have caught 45 or 50 touchdowns in that right corner,” he told The Baltimore Sun in 2009. “It was sloped some, a little downhill, which helped me speedwise. I wasn’t all that fast.”

2020 October 29, Richard Goldstein, “Jimmy Orr, a Favorite Target of the Colts’ Unitas, Dies at 85”, in The New York Times:

(American football, Canadian football) A six-point score occurring when the ball enters possession of a team's player in the opponent's end zone.

(rugby) A defensive action of grounding the ball in the team's own in-goal to stop the play.

A first Test try by Fergus McFadden and a Tomas O'Leary touchdown helped Ireland to a 15-12 half-time lead.

2011 February 13, Lyle Jackson, “Ireland 22-25 France”, in BBC:

(rugby) A try (scoring play of grounding the ball in the opposing team's in-goal).


slot

From Middle English slot, from Old French esclot, likely from Old Norse slóð (“track”). As a gambling machine, via clipping of slot machine. Compare sleuth. The scheduling (calendar) sense is by a metaphor whereby the time span is equated with the segment of a page or part of a device that represents it.

(American football) The area between the last offensive lineman on either side of the center and the wide receiver on that side.


slot

en-verb

slot (third-person singular simple present slots, present participle slotting, simple past and past participle slotted)

slots (present singular third-person)
slotting (participle present)
slotted (participle past)
slotted (past)

Australian rules football
Australian rules football

(Australian rules football, rugby, informal) To kick the ball between the posts for a goal; to score a goal by doing this.


rack

From Middle English rakke, rekke, from Middle Dutch rac, recke, rec (Dutch rek), see rekken.

(billiards, snooker) A hollow triangle used for aligning the balls at the start of a game.


rack

rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)

racks (present singular third-person)
racking (participle present)
racked (participle past)
racked (past)
rack (infinitive)

From Old English reċċan (“to stretch out, extend”).

inh

(billiards, snooker, pool) To put the balls into the triangular rack and set them in place on the table.


blast

en-verb

blast (third-person singular simple present blasts, present participle blasting, simple past and past participle blasted)

blasts (present singular third-person)
blasting (participle present)
blasted (participle past)
blasted (past)

⇒ Italian: blastare

From Middle English blasten, blesten, from Old English blǣstan (“to blow, blast”), from Proto-West Germanic *blēstijan, from Proto-Germanic *blēstijaną. Possibly related to Middle High German blesten (“to stand out, plop, splash”).

noncog

A Ricketts and Stuart Holden one-two around the box then created a decent chance for an almost instant equaliser - but Welsh full-back Ricketts blasted over when a calmer finish could have been rewarded.

2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC:

(soccer) To shoot; kick the ball in hope of scoring a goal.


through

From Middle English thrugh, thruch, thruh, metathetic variants of thurgh, thurh, from Old English þurh, from Proto-Germanic *þurhw (“through”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂kʷe, suffixed zero-grade from *terh₂- (“to pass through”) + *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Scots throch (“through”), West Frisian troch (“through”), German durch (“through”), Dutch door (“through”), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 (þairh, “through”), Latin trans (“across, over, through”), Albanian tërthor (“through, around”), Welsh tra (“through”). See also thorough.

thoo (alternative)
thorough (alternative)
thorow (alternative)
thorugh (alternative)
thro' (alternative)
throughe (alternative)
thru (alternative)
thrue (alternative)

With the Swifts calling for offside the striker was through and only a great save from McIlravey prevented the opener.

2015, Steve Grossi, SWFL1: Missed Chances See Swifts Relinquish Top Spot:

(soccer) In possession of the ball beyond the last line of defence but not necessarily the goalkeeper; through on goal.


postage stamp

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-postage stamp.wav

[…] got in on the act himself, firing in an unstoppable shot that arced into the postage stamp top corner of Andy Goram's goal.

2011, Alistair Aird, Ally McCoist - Rangers Legend:

(soccer, slang) The upper left- or right-hand corner of the goal.


butt

From Middle English but, butte (“goal, mark, butt of land”), from Old English byt, bytt (“small piece of land”) and *butt (attested in diminutive Old English buttuc (“end, small piece of land”) > English buttock), from Proto-West Germanic *butt, from Proto-Germanic *buttaz (“end, piece”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰnós (“bottom”), later thematic variant of Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn ~ *bʰudʰn-, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”). Cognate with Norwegian butt (“stump, block”), Icelandic bútur (“piece, fragment”), Low German butt (“blunt, clumsy”). Influenced by Old French but, butte (“but, mark”), ultimately from the same Germanic source. Compare also Albanian bythë (“buttocks”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom of vessel”), Latin fundus (“bottom”) and Sanskrit बुध्न (budhná, “bottom”), from the same Proto-Indo-European root. Related to bottom, boot.
 PIE word
 *bʰudʰmḗn.

приклад

larger or thicker end of anything; blunt end

perä

end of something, often distinguished from other end

(countable, generally) An end of something, often distinguished in some way from the other end.

(lacrosse) The plastic or rubber cap used to cover the open end of a lacrosse stick's shaft in order to reduce injury.


barrel

From Middle English barel, from Anglo-Norman baril, Old French baril, bareil (“barrel”), of uncertain origin. An attempt to link baril to Old French barre (“bar, bolt”) (compare Medieval Latin barra (“bar, rod”)) via assumed Vulgar Latin *barrīculum meets the phonological requirement, but fails to connect the word semantically. The alternative connection to Frankish *baril, *beril or Gothic *𐌱𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌻𐍃 (*bērils, “container for transport”), from Proto-Germanic *barilaz, *bērilaz (“barrel, jug, container”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to carry, transport”), is more plausible as it connects not only the form of the word but also the sense; equivalent to bear + -le. Compare also Old High German biril (“jug, large pot”), Luxembourgish Bärel, Bierel (“jug, pot”), Old Norse berill (“barrel for liquids”), Old English byrla (“barrel of a horse, trunk, body”). More at bear.

vat

round vessel made from staves bound with a hoop

For quotations using this term, see Citations:barrel.

(baseball) A statistic derived from launch angle and exit velocity of a ball hit in play.


clout

en-noun

clout (countable and uncountable, plural clouts)

From Middle English clout, from Old English clūt, from Proto-Germanic *klūtaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gelewdos, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to ball up, amass”). The sense “influence, especially political” originated in the dialect of Chicago, but has become widespread.
cognates and related terms
Cognate with Old Norse klútr (“kerchief”), Swedish klut, Danish klud, Middle High German klōz (“lump”), whence German Kloß, and dialect Russian глуда (gluda). See also cleat.

der

'... allowed Boston to score all of its runs on homers, including a pair of clouts by Jacoby Ellsbury ...'

2011 August 17, Michael Vega, “Triple double”, in The Boston Globe, page C1:


roll

en-verb

roll (third-person singular simple present rolls, present participle rolling, simple past and past participle rolled)

rolls (present singular third-person)
rolling (participle present)
rolled (participle past)
rolled (past)

From Middle English rollen, partly from Old French roller, roler, röeler, röoler, from Medieval Latin rotulāre (“to roll; to revolve”), from Latin rotula (“a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”); partly from Anglo-Latin rollāre, from the same ultimate source.

rol

to cause something to revolve by turning over and over

rol

to move, or cause to be moved, upon rollers or small wheels

So it was against the run of play that their London rivals took the lead two minutes before the interval through Drogba. He rolled William Gallas inside the area before flashing a stunning finish high past keeper Carlo Cudicini.

2012 April 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 1-5 Chelsea”, in BBC:

Rolled far too easily by Marc-Antoine Fortuné, Demichelis compounded his error by standing on the striker's foot. In the absence of the injured Watson, Gómez converted the penalty.

2014 March 9, Jacob Steinberg, “Wigan shock Manchester City in FA Cup again to reach semi-finals”, in The Guardian:

(transitive, soccer) To slip past (a defender) with the ball.


charge

en-noun

charge (countable and uncountable, plural charges)

From Middle English chargen, from Old French chargier, from Late Latin carricō (“to load”), from Latin carrus (“a car, wagon”); see car. Doublet of cargo.

(basketball) An offensive foul in which the player with the ball moves into a stationary defender.


charge

en-verb

charge (third-person singular simple present charges, present participle charging, simple past and past participle charged)

charges (present singular third-person)
charging (participle present)
charged (participle past)
charged (past)

desc

→ Cantonese: 叉廚 /叉厨 (caa¹ cyu⁴), 叉 (caa¹)

→ Kashubian: czardżowac (United States)

→ Malay: caj, cas

→ Swahili: chaji

yükləmək

to place a burden upon, to assign a duty

yükləmək

to load equipment with material required for its use

(intransitive) To move forward quickly and forcefully, particularly in combat and/or on horseback.

(cricket, of a batsman) To take a few steps down the pitch towards the bowler as they deliver the ball, either to disrupt the length of the delivery, or to get into a better position to hit the ball.

charger

cricket: to take a few steps down the pitch towards the bowler as he delivers the ball


strand

en-verb

strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

strands (present singular third-person)
stranding (participle present)
stranded (participle past)
stranded (past)

* From Middle English strand, strond, from Old English strand (“strand, sea-shore, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *strand, from Proto-Germanic *strandō (“edge, rim, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt- (“strand, border, field”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“to broaden, spread out”). Cognate with West Frisian strân, Dutch strand, German Strand, Danish strand, Swedish strand, Norwegian Bokmål strand, Icelandic strönd.
* (street): Perhaps from the similarity of shape.

der

Jones pops up; that's going to strand a pair.

(transitive, baseball) To cause the third out of an inning to be made, leaving a runner on base.


knock out of the box

en-verb

knock out of the box (third-person singular simple present knocks out of the box, present participle knocking out of the box, simple past and past participle knocked out of the box)

knocks out of the box (present singular third-person)
knocking out of the box (participle present)
knocked out of the box (participle past)
knocked out of the box (past)

(baseball) To cause a pitcher to be replaced by heavy hitting.


stretch

→ Esperanto: streĉi

→ Finnish: stretch-

→ French: stretch

From Middle English strecchen, from Old English streċċan (“to stretch, hold out, extend, spread out, prostrate”), from Proto-West Germanic *strakkjan (“to stretch, make taut or tight”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)treg-, *streg-, *treg- (“stiff, rigid”). Cognate with West Frisian strekke, Dutch strekken (“to stretch, straighten”), German strecken (“to stretch, straighten, elongate”), Danish strække (“to stretch”), Swedish sträcka (“to stretch”), Dutch strak (“taut, tight”), Albanian shtriqem (“to stretch”). More at stark.

cog

time stretch analog-to-digital converter

(baseball) A quick pitching delivery used when runners are on base where the pitcher slides his leg instead of lifting it.

(baseball) A long reach in the direction of the ball with a foot remaining on the base by a first baseman in order to catch the ball sooner.


knuckle

From Middle English knokel (“finger joint”), from Old English cnucel (“the juncture of two bones; knuckle; joint”), from Proto-West Germanic *knukil, from Proto-Germanic *knukilaz (“knuckle, knot, bump”), as *knukô (“bone, joint”) + *-ilaz (diminutive suffix). Cognate with Dutch knokkel (“knuckle”), Low German Knökel (“knuckle”), German Knöchel (“ankle, knuckle”), Old Norse knykill.

affix

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) The curved part of the cushion at the entrance to the pockets on a cue sports table.


target

→ Japanese: ターゲット (tāgetto)

From Middle French targette, targuete, diminutive of targe (“light shield”), from Old French, from Frankish *targa (“buckler”), akin to Old Norse targa (“small round shield”) (whence also Old English targe, targa (“shield”)) from Proto-Germanic *targǭ (“edge”), from Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”). Akin to Old High German zarga (“side wall, rim”) (German Zarge (“frame”)), Spanish tarjeta (“card”).

cog

(cricket) the number of runs that the side batting last needs to score in the final innings in order to win


Tim

(slang, soccer) A supporter of the Scottish football team Celtic F.C..


organization

en-noun

organization (countable and uncountable, plural organizations)

organizations (plural)
organisation (alternative)

/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/

/ˌɔɹɡənɪˈzeɪʃən/

/ˌɔɹɡnɪˈzeɪʃən/

/ˌɔɹɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/

/ˌɔɹˈɡænɪzeɪʃən/

Borrowed from Middle French organisation, from Medieval Latin organizātiō; by surface analysis, organize + -ation.

bor+

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class V § 712. Party

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class V § 709. Cooperation

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class VI § 968. Lawyer

He's been in the Dodgers' organization since 2003.

(baseball) A major league club and all its farm teams.


scatback

(American football) A small lightweight running back valued for speed rather than power.


AQ

automatic qualifier
automatic qualifier#English

(American football) Initialism of automatic qualifier. Refers to the NCAA Division I FBS conferences whose champions receive automatic bids to the Bowl Championship Series.


pylon

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πυλών (pulṓn, “gateway”).

стълб

a towerlike structure used to support high-voltage electricity cables

(American football) An orange marker designating one of the four corners of the end zone in American football.


sacker

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sacker.wav

The ball crossed the base before he did, but it bounded between the third sacker’s feet, and score two was marked up for Hollis Creek, with nobody out!

1910, George Randolph Chester, chapter 15, in The Early Bird, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill:

1952, Bernard Malamud, The Natural, New York: Time Reading Program, 1966, “Batter Up!” p. 56,
About forty years ago Pop was the third sacker for the old Sox when they got into their first World Series after twenty years.

2009, John H. Ritter, New York: Philomel, Chapter 35, p. 226,
Reinspired, he sprang from the dugout and ran out to second base so quickly, the Chicago second sacker, Cal McVey, was still walking in from shallow right field.

(baseball, softball, in combination) A baseman (player positioned at or near a base).

The loss of last year’s leading sacker, Kerry Hyder Jr., for the season with an Achilles injury is still problematic.

2017 August 26, Bob Wojnowski, “Wojo: Patriots hand Lions cold glimpse of reality”, in The Detroit News:

line of scrimmage
line of scrimmage#English

(American football) A player who sacks (tackles the offensive quarterback behind the line of scrimmage before he is able to throw a pass).


simulation

en-noun

simulation (countable and uncountable, plural simulations)

→ Japanese: シミュレーション (shimyurēshon)

→ Korean: 시뮬레이션 (simyulleisyeon)

First attested in 1340 as Middle English symulacioun, from Middle French simulation, from Old French simulation/simulacion, from Latin simulātiōnem, from simulō (“imitate”).
Morphologically simulate + -ion.

"Players are very good at simulation," said Premier League referee Graham Poll. "I'm not saying they do practice, but I find it hard to believe they are so good at something without practicing. We have to issue more cards because it is the only way we can stop simulation spoiling the game. It is a cancer."

2004 April 19, Ravi Ubha, “Inside Soccer: FIFA gives Cameroon short(s) shrift”, in Seattle Post-Intelligencer:

In the build-up to the second spot-kick, André Villas-Boas felt United striker Danny Welbeck had deliberately tripped over the leg of Branislav Ivanovic rather than an intentional foul being committed. "Referees have pretty clear orders on simulation, but it is difficult for them to assess the difference between simulation and fouls in those situations," he said.

2012 February 11, “AVB wants action on simulation”, in Belfast Telegraph:

(soccer) The act of falling over in order to be awarded a foul, when no foul has been committed.


lag

lag (countable and uncountable, plural lags)

→ Finnish: lagi

→ Swedish: lagg n

(snooker) A method of deciding which player is to start. Both players simultaneously strike a cue ball from the baulk line to hit the top cushion and rebound down the table; the player whose ball finishes closest to the baulk cushion wins.


spy

From Middle English spien, aphetic variant of earlier espien (“to espy”), from Old French espier (“to spy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to spy”), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”). Akin to German spähen (“to spy”), Dutch spieden (“to spy”).
The noun displaced native Old English sċēawere (literally “watcher”), which was also the word for "mirror." In this sense, the verb displaced Old English sċēawian, which was also the word for "to watch" and became the Modern English word show.

ncog

(American football) A defensive player assigned to cover an offensive backfield player man-to-man when they are expected to engage in a running play, but the offensive player does not run with the ball immediately.


delivery

en-noun

delivery (countable and uncountable, plural deliveries)

From Middle English deliveri et al., from Anglo-Norman, from Old French delivrer.

His delivery has a catch in it.

Here is the delivery; ... strike three!

(curling) The process of throwing a stone.

The win was secured with another moment of significance four minutes from time when captain Harry Kane, who had once again struggled to influence the game, headed in from substitute Jack Grealish's perfect delivery for his first goal of Euro 2020.

2021 June 29, Phil McNulty, “England 2-0 Germany”, in BBC Sport:


return

en-verb

return (third-person singular simple present returns, present participle returning, simple past and past participle returned)

returns (present singular third-person)
returning (participle present)
returned (participle past)
returned (past)
returne (alternative)
retvrn (alternative)

From Middle English returnen, retornen, from Anglo-Norman returner, from Old French retourner, retorner, from Medieval Latin retornare (“to turn back”), from re- + tornare (“to turn”). Compare beturn.

der

(cricket) To throw a ball back to the wicket-keeper (or a fielder at that position) from somewhere in the field.

palauttaa

cricket: to throw a ball back to the wicket-keeper


return

en-noun

return (countable and uncountable, plural returns)

returns (plural)
returne (alternative)
retvrn (alternative)

(American football) The act of catching a ball after a punt and running it back towards the opposing team.

(cricket) A throw from a fielder to the wicket-keeper or to another fielder at the wicket.


speedball

speedball (countable and uncountable, plural speedballs)

speedballs (plural)
speed ball (alternative)
speed-ball (alternative)


receive

en-verb

receive (third-person singular simple present receives, present participle receiving, simple past and past participle received)

receives (present singular third-person)
receiving (participle present)
received (participle past)
received (past)
receave (alternative)
receyve (alternative)

From Middle English receiven, from Old French receivre, from Latin recipere (“take back, accept, etc.”), from re- (“back”) + capiō (“to take”); see capacious. Compare conceive, deceive, perceive. Displaced native Middle English terms in -fon/-fangen (e.g. afon, anfon, afangen, underfangen, etc. "to receive" from Old English -fōn), native Middle English thiggen (“to receive”) (from Old English þiċġan), and non-native Middle English aquilen, enquilen (“to receive”) (from Old French aquillir, encueillir).

der

(sports) To be in a position to take possession, or hit back the ball.

(tennis, badminton, squash) To be in a position to hit back a service.

(American football) To be in a position to catch a forward pass.


command

en-noun

command (countable and uncountable, plural commands)

From Middle English commanden, commaunden, comaunden, comanden, from Old French comander, from Late Latin commandāre, from Latin commendāre. Ultimately from Latin com- + mandō (whence ultimately also commend (a doublet), mandate, and recommend), from manus + -dō.
Compare typologically Russian поручи́ть (poručítʹ), поруче́ние (poručénije), руководи́ть (rukovodítʹ), руководи́тель (rukovodítelʹ) related to рука́ (ruká).

He's got good command tonight.

(baseball) The degree of control a pitcher has over his pitches.


lateral

Borrowed from Latin laterālis (“belonging to the side”), from latus (“the side or flank”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).


lateral

en-verb

lateral (third-person singular simple present laterals, present participle lateralling or lateraling, simple past and past participle lateralled or lateraled)

laterals (present singular third-person)
lateralling (participle present)
lateraling (participle present)
lateralled (participle past)
lateralled (past)
lateraled (participle past)
lateraled (past)

(American football) To execute a lateral pass.


left field

en-noun

left field (countable and uncountable, plural left fields)

The double, by pinch-hitter Ruben Sierra, curved sharply toward foul ground in deep left field but then changed its mind and hit the line instead—a big hit, and a smile at last from the great and enigmatically difficult game.

(baseball) The part of a baseball field which is beyond the infield and to the left of a person standing on home plate and facing the pitcher.

(baseball) The defensive position in the outfield to the left.


triple

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English triple (also þripell), from Latin triplus. Doublet of treble.

The shortstop hit a triple to lead off the ninth.

(curling) A takeout shot in which three stones are removed from play.


triple

en-verb

triple (third-person singular simple present triples, present participle tripling, simple past and past participle tripled)

triples (present singular third-person)
tripling (participle present)
tripled (participle past)
tripled (past)

The batter tripled into the gap.


blitz

en-noun

blitz (countable and uncountable, plural blitzes)

Clipping of blitzkrieg, from German Blitzkrieg (literally “lightning war”).

der

(countable, American football) A play in which additional defenders beyond the defensive linemen rush the passer.


blitz

en-verb

blitz (third-person singular simple present blitzes, present participle blitzing, simple past and past participle blitzed)

blitzes (present singular third-person)
blitzing (participle present)
blitzed (participle past)
blitzed (past)

The Washington High defense almost always blitzes on third down.

(intransitive, American football) To perform a blitz.


tomahawk

From an Eastern Algonquian word, most likely Powhatan tumahák; compare also Malecite-Passamaquoddy tomhikon (“ax”), Abenaki temahigan, demahigan (“ax”).

(basketball) A dunk performed with one's arm behind one's head.


tomahawk

tomahawk (third-person singular simple present tomahawks, present participle tomahawking, simple past and past participle tomahawked)

tomahawks (present singular third-person)
tomahawking (participle present)
tomahawked (participle past)
tomahawked (past)

When the league held its first slam-dunk contest in 1984 in Denver, Nance, then a Phoenix Sun, soared into the rafters with a basketball in each hand and tomahawked each one through the net before floating back to earth […]

2007, Bob Dyer, The Top 20 Moments in Cleveland Sports, page 237:

(basketball) To perform a tomahawk dunk.


behind

behinds (plural)
ahind (alternative)
behine (alternative)

From Middle English behinde, behinden, from Old English behindan (“on the back side of, behind”), from Proto-West Germanic *bihindan, *bihindini (“on the back side of, in the rear of, behind”), from Proto-West Germanic *bi- + *hindō (“the hind side, back part”), equivalent to be- + hind. Compare Old Saxon bihindan (“behind”, adverb), Middle High German behinter (“behind; back”).


blind

From Middle English blynd, from Old English blind, from Proto-West Germanic *blind, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.


compile

en-verb

compile (third-person singular simple present compiles, present participle compiling, simple past and past participle compiled)

compiles (present singular third-person)
compiling (participle present)
compiled (participle past)
compiled (past)

From Middle English compilen, from Old French compiler, from Latin compīlō (“to plunder”).

Steve Davis compiled a 147.

(transitive, snooker) To achieve (a break) by making a sequence of shots.


convert

convert (third-person singular simple present converts, present participle converting, simple past and past participle converted)

converts (present singular third-person)
converting (participle present)
converted (participle past)
converted (past)

[kʰə̥ɱˈvɜːt]

From Old French convertir, from Latin converto (“turn around”).

Flood converted to leave Wales with a 23-9 deficit going into the final quarter.

2011 February 4, Gareth Roberts, “Wales 19-26 England”, in BBC:

(transitive, intransitive, rugby football) To score extra points after (a try) by completing a conversion.

Bass also kicked field goals of 40 and 49 yards, but he also missed a point-after try, which led to a 2-point conversion that the Bills converted later in the game.

2024 November 3, Jon Scott, Tommy Gallagher, “61 yards to victory: Bills ride another 2nd-half surge, beat Dolphins”, in WGRZ:

(American football) To score extra points following a touchdown.

Hinton, inevitably, converted the penalty.

2011, Jonathan Wilson, Brian Clough: The Biography, →ISBN:

However, the lead was doubled after the break, when Branislav Ivanovic converted from close range after Fernando Torres had flicked on.

2013, Mark Worrall, Kelvin Barker, David Johnstone, Making History, Not Reliving It: A Decade of Roman's Rule at Chelsea, →ISBN, page 225:

This time Polish goalkeeper Bartosz Bialkowski was Saints' penalty shootout hero, saving three spot kicks before centre-back Wayne Thomas converted from 12 yards to seal a 6-5 win.

2016, Alex Crook, Alex Smith, Southampton Greatest Games: Saints' Fifty Finest Matches, →ISBN:

(transitive or intransitive, soccer) To score (especially a penalty kick).

Gillespie was reminded he had promised to join team-mate Matthew Hayden in a nude lap of the ground if he converted his century into a double.

2006, Gillespie hails 'fairytale' knock, BBC:

(transitive, cricket) To increase one's individual score, especially from 50 runs (a fifty) to 100 runs (a century), or from a century to a double or triple century.


convert

(Canadian football) The equivalent of a conversion in rugby


boast

From Middle English bosten, from bost (“boast, glory, noise, arrogance, presumption, pride, vanity”), probably of North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bausuz (“inflated, swollen, puffed up, proud, arrogant, bad”).
Cognate with Scots bost, boist (“to threaten, brag, boast”), Anglo-Norman bost (“ostentation”) (from Germanic). Related to Norwegian baus (“proud, bold, daring”), dialectal German baustern (“to swell”), German böse (“evil, bad, angry”), Dutch boos (“evil, wicked, angry”), West Frisian boas (“bad, wicked, angry, shrewd, clever”). Compare also dialectal Norwegian bausta, busta (“to rush onward, make a noise”). Possible doublet of boost.

cog

(squash) A shot where the ball is driven off a side wall and then strikes the front wall.


boast

en-verb

boast (third-person singular simple present boasts, present participle boasting, simple past and past participle boasted)

boasts (present singular third-person)
boasting (participle present)
boasted (participle past)
boasted (past)


curl

From metathesis of Middle English crulle (“curled, curly”), from Middle Dutch crul, crulle (“curl”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”), of unknown origin; possibly from Pre-Germanic *grus-, contracted from Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”), same source as Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Krulle (“curl, lock”), West Frisian krul (“curl”), Dutch krul (“curl”), German Low German Krull (“curl”), dialectal German Krolle (“curl”), Danish krølle (“curl”), Norwegian krull (“curl”). Related also to Saterland Frisian Kruus (“curl”), German kraus (“frizzy, crumpled, curly”), Danish krus (“curl”), Swedish krusa (“to crimp, curl”). Compare also Gothic 𐌺𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (kriustan, “to grind, crush, gnash”).

unk

unknown

cog

(curling) Movement of a moving rock away from a straight line.

(American football) A pattern where the receiver appears to be running a fly pattern but after a set number of steps or yards quickly stops and turns around, looking for a pass.


curl

en-verb

curl (third-person singular simple present curls, present participle curling, simple past and past participle curled)

curls (present singular third-person)
curling (participle present)
curled (participle past)
curled (past)

straighten

antonym(s) of “to make into a curl or spiral”

straighten

antonym(s) of “to assume the shape of a curl or spiral”

→ Kashubian: kurlowac (Canada)

unk

unknown

I curl at my local club every weekend.

(intransitive, curling) To take part in the sport of curling.


backward

en-adj

backward (comparative more backward, superlative most backward)

more backward (comparative)
most backward (superlative)

From Middle English bakwarde, abakward, equivalent to back (adverb) + -ward. Cognate with Old Frisian bekward (“backward”).

geri

often reduplicated - mainly for the senses implying "retreat"

(cricket) On that part of the field behind the batsman's popping crease.

(cricket) Further behind the batsman's popping crease than something else.


Liverpudlian

From Liverpool and puddle, as a pun on a puddle being a small pool.

(soccer) someone connected with Liverpool Football Club, as a fan, player, coach etc.


offy

From off (“first element of noun”) + -y (“diminutive suffix”).

suffix

(Australia, cricket, slang) An off break.

(Australia, cricket, slang) An off spinner.


hazard

en-noun

hazard (countable and uncountable, plural hazards)

From Middle English hasard, from Old French hasart (“a game of dice”) (noun), hasarder (verb), from Arabic اَلزَّهْر (az-zahr, “the dice”). Compare Spanish azar, Portuguese azar.

(billiards) The act of potting a ball, whether the object ball (winning hazard) or the player's ball (losing hazard).


Newcastle

[ˈnjʉˌkʰɑːsɫ̩]

From new + castle. Doublet of Neuchâtel.


forty minutes of hell

Reportedly coined by Arkansas Razorbacks coach Nolan Richardson.

(idiomatic, basketball) The NCAA strategy of playing a suffocating full-court press and aggressive offense for the entirety of a game.


balk

From Middle English balke, from Old English balca, either from or influenced by Old Norse bálkr (“partition, ridge of land”), from Proto-Germanic *balkô. Cognate with Dutch balk (“balk”), German Balken (“balk”), Italian balcone (“balcony”).

der

(baseball) An illegal motion by the pitcher, intended to deceive a runner.

(billiards) The area of the table lying behind the line from which the cue ball is initially shot, and from which a ball in hand must be played.

(snooker) The area of the table lying behind the baulk line.


bloop

en-verb

bloop (third-person singular simple present bloops, present participle blooping, simple past and past participle blooped)

bloops (present singular third-person)
blooping (participle present)
blooped (participle past)
blooped (past)

onom

Imitative

(baseball) To make a hit just beyond the infield.


bloop

Imitative


bunt

en-noun

bunt (countable and uncountable, plural bunts)

Unknown. Perhaps a nasalised variant of butt.

The bunt was fielded cleanly.

(baseball, softball) A ball that has been intentionally hit softly so as to be difficult to field, sometimes with a hands-spread batting stance or with a close-hand, choked-up hand position. No swinging action is involved.

The manager will likely call for a bunt here.

(baseball, softball) The act of bunting.


bunt

en-verb

bunt (third-person singular simple present bunts, present participle bunting, simple past and past participle bunted)

bunts (present singular third-person)
bunting (participle present)
bunted (participle past)
bunted (past)

Jones bunted the ball.

(transitive, baseball) To intentionally hit softly with a hands-spread batting stance.

Jones bunted.

(intransitive, baseball) To intentionally hit a ball softly with a hands-spread batting stance.


bunter

Glavine was a renowned bunter of the ball.


cue

Variant of queue, from French queue (“tail”).

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) A straight tapering stick used to hit the balls in various games.

կիյ

straight tapering rod used to impel the balls in games such as billiards, snooker, and pool


cue

cue (third-person singular simple present cues, present participle cueing or cuing, simple past and past participle cued)

cues (present singular third-person)
cueing (participle present)
cuing (participle present)
cued (participle past)
cued (past)

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) To take aim on the cue ball with the cue and hit it.


duff

en-noun

duff (countable and uncountable, plural duffs)

Uncertain; probably related to Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”).


dunker

From dunk + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (patient suffix).

(basketball) A person tasked with performing or training others in slam dunks.


hogger

(curling) A shot that comes to rest short of or on the far hog line and is removed from play.


lolly

en-noun

lolly (countable and uncountable, plural lollies)


looper

With one out and runners on second and third, Cavan Biggio hit a looper up the middle that eluded hustling shortstop Tim Anderson in short centre field.

2022 June 22, Jay Cohen, “Blue Jays' woes continue as Harrison's walk-off single in 12th inning wins it for White Sox”, in CBC News, archived from the original on 2022-06-25:

(baseball) Synonym of blooper (“a fly ball that is weakly hit just over the infielders”).


plumb

en-adj

plumb (comparative more plumb, superlative most plumb)

more plumb (comparative)
most plumb (superlative)

From Middle English plumbe, plumme, from Old French *plombe, from Latin plumba, plural of plumbum.

(cricket) Describing an LBW where the batsman is hit on the pads directly in front of their wicket and should be given out.


rondo

en-noun

rondo (countable and uncountable, plural rondos)

Borrowed from Italian rondo, from French rondeau. Doublet of rondeau.

And four years after Pep from Catalonia first clapped eyes on Phil from Stockport across a crowded rondo, here finally was the consummation.

2020 August 7, Jonathan Liew, “Phil Foden stars to offer Manchester City glimpse of multiple futures”, in The Guardian:

(soccer) A game resembling keep-away, used to train soccer players: one group is tasked with completing a number of passes while the other smaller group tries to take possession of the ball.


snick

en-verb

snick (third-person singular simple present snicks, present participle snicking, simple past and past participle snicked)

snicks (present singular third-person)
snicking (participle present)
snicked (participle past)
snicked (past)

(cricket) To hit (the ball) with the edge of the bat, causing a slight deflection.


snick

(cricket) A small deflection of the ball off the side of the bat; often carries to the wicketkeeper for a catch.


vee

(cricket) The arc of the field, forward of the batsman, from cover to midwicket, in which drives are played.

(cricket) The V-shaped joint between the lower end of the handle and the blade of the bat.


bail

From Middle English beyle, from Old English bīeġels, from bīeġan + -els.

As Jason Roy's throw came in from deep mid-wicket, a diving Guptill was short when Buttler removed the bails, sending England and the whole of Lord's into delirious celebrations.

2019 July 14, Stephan Shemilt, “England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic finale against New Zealand”, in BBC Sport, London:

(cricket) One of the two wooden crosspieces that rest on top of the stumps to form a wicket.

palikka

in cricket - crosspiece on top of the stump to form a wicket


brace

From Middle English brace, from Old French brace (“arm”), from Latin bracchia, the nominative and accusative plural of bracchium (“arm”).

The Manchester United midfielder’s late brace against Cyprus at the weekend was welcome, but will become no more than a footnote of his Scotland career. His brace here to down the mighty Spanish will go down in history.

28 March 2023, Graeme McGarry, “Scott McTominay earns place in history as Scotland stun Spain”, in The Herald:

To score a 'brace' means that you have scored two goals in a game.

2020 October 23, “What is a brace in soccer?”, in Goal:

(soccer) Two goals scored by one player in a game.

(cricket) Two wickets taken with two consecutive deliveries.


caution

en-noun

caution (countable and uncountable, plural cautions)

Recorded since 1297 as Middle English caucioun (“bail, guarantee, pledge”), from Old French caution (“security, surety”), itself from Latin cautiō, from cautus, past participle of caveō, cavēre (“be on one's guard”).


caution

en-verb

caution (third-person singular simple present cautions, present participle cautioning, simple past and past participle cautioned)

cautions (present singular third-person)
cautioning (participle present)
cautioned (participle past)
cautioned (past)


concede

concede (third-person singular simple present concedes, present participle conceding, simple past and past participle conceded)

concedes (present singular third-person)
conceding (participle present)
conceded (participle past)
conceded (past)

From Middle English [Term?], from Old French conceder, from Latin concēdō (“give way, yield”), from con- (“wholly”) + cēdō (“to yield, give way, to go, grant”), from Proto-Indo-European *ked- (“to go, yield”).

der

(cricket) (of a bowler) to have runs scored off of one's bowling.


continuation

en-noun

continuation (countable and uncountable, plural continuations)

From Middle English continuacion, from Old French continuation, from Latin continuātiō.
Morphologically continue + -ation

(basketball) A successful shot that, despite a foul, is made with a single continuous motion beginning before the foul, and that is therefore valid in certain forms of basketball.


cradle

en-verb

cradle (third-person singular simple present cradles, present participle cradling, simple past and past participle cradled)

cradles (present singular third-person)
cradling (participle present)
cradled (participle past)
cradled (past)

From Middle English cradel, credel, from Old English cradol, from Proto-West Germanic *kradul, from Proto-Germanic *kradulaz, from Proto-Germanic *kradô (“(wicker) basket”). Related to cart.

der

(lacrosse) To rock the lacrosse stick back and forth in order to keep the ball in the head by means of centrifugal force.

veivata

lacrosse: to rock the lacrosse stick back and forth


crease

From earlier English creast, from Middle English crest (“ridge, crest”). More at crest.

(cricket) One of the white lines drawn on the pitch to show different areas of play; especially the popping crease, but also the bowling crease and the return crease.

rajaviiva

one of the white lines drawn on the pitch

(lacrosse) The circle around the goal, where no offensive players can go.

(ice hockey, handball) The area in front of each goal.


disqualification

en-noun

disqualification (countable and uncountable, plural disqualifications)

(basketball): The act of being forbidden from further play in a basketball game due to the accumulation of too many personal fouls.


dolly

Welsh: doli

From doll + -y, from the given name Dorothy, originally applied either to a woman or female pet or to a children's toy, and expanded to refer to various types of contrivances or devices. The Online Etymology Dictionary, while considering the reason for applying it to such devices unobvious, compares how the names jack, jenny and jimmy are also applied to devices.

rattaat

term not specific to bridge construction

(cricket, dated) A ball hit by a batsman such that it goes gently to a fielder for a simple catch.


dolly

en-verb

dolly (third-person singular simple present dollies, present participle dollying, simple past and past participle dollied)

dollies (present singular third-person)
dollying (participle present)
dollied (participle past)
dollied (past)
dollie (alternative)


drift

en-noun

drift (countable and uncountable, plural drifts)

From Middle English drift, dryft (“act of driving, drove, shower of rain or snow, impulse”), from Old English *drift (“drift”), from Proto-Germanic *driftiz (“drift”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”). Equivalent to drive + -t; cognate with North Frisian drift (“drift”), Saterland Frisian Drift (“current, flow, stream, drift”), Dutch drift (“drift, passion, urge”), German Drift (“drift”) and Trift (“drove, pasture”), Danish drift (“impulse, instinct”), Swedish drift (“impulse, instinct”), Icelandic drift (“drift, snow-drift”).

cog

(cricket) A sideways movement of the ball through the air, when bowled by a spin bowler.


extra

(cricket) A run scored without the ball having hit the striker's bat - a wide, bye, leg bye or no ball.


foul

en-adj

foul (comparative fouler, superlative foulest)

fouler (comparative)
foulest (superlative)

Inherited from Middle English foul, from Old English fūl (“foul, dirty, unclean, impure, vile, corrupt, rotten, stinking, guilty”), from Proto-West Germanic *fūl, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz (“foul, rotten”), from Proto-Indo-European *puH- (“to rot”).
Cognate with Dutch vuil (“foul, dirty, filthy, obscene, lewd”), German faul (“foul, rotten, putrid, lazy”), German Low German fuul (“foul, rotten, putrid”), Faroese fúlur (“foul”), Icelandic fúll (“foul, rotten, sullen”), Danish ful (“nasty, ugly”), Norwegian Bokmål ful (“clever, sly”), and Swedish ful (“ugly, dirty, bad”), and through Indo-European, with Albanian fëlliq (“to make dirty”), Latin puter (“rotten”). More at putrid.
Ancient Greek φαῦλος (phaûlos, “bad”) is a false cognate inasmuch as it is not from the same etymon, instead being cognate to few.

cog

Jones hit foul ball after foul ball.

(baseball) Outside of the base lines; in foul territory.

оплетен

having freedom of motion interfered with by collision or entanglement


foul

en-verb

foul (third-person singular simple present fouls, present participle fouling, simple past and past participle fouled)

fouls (present singular third-person)
fouling (participle present)
fouled (participle past)
fouled (past)

Inherited from Middle English foulen, fulen, from Old English fūlian (“to become foul; rot; decay”), from Proto-West Germanic *fūlēn, from Proto-Germanic *fūlāną (“to rot; decay”).

der

Smith fouled him hard.

The Gunners dominated for long periods but, against the run of play, Denilson fouled Max Gradel and Robert Snodgrass put Leeds ahead from the spot.

2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1 - 1 Leeds”, in BBC:

(transitive, basketball, soccer) To make contact with an opposing player in order to gain advantage.

фаулирам

Smith fouled within the first minute of the quarter.

State begins fouling and UCLA misses a couple of front-end free throws on one-and-ones.

2009, Brandon Lang, Stanley Cohen, Beating the Odds: The Rise, Fall, and Resurrection of a Sports Handicapper, →ISBN:

(intransitive, basketball, soccer) To commit a foul.

Jones fouled the ball off the facing of the upper deck.

(transitive, baseball) To hit outside of the baselines.

Jones fouled for strike one.

(intransitive, baseball) To hit a ball outside of the baselines.


foul

→ Cantonese: foul

→ Polish: faul

→ Russian: фол (fol)

→ Turkish: faul

Jones hit a foul up over the screen.

(baseball) A foul ball, a ball which has been hit outside of the base lines.


gap

From Middle English gap, gappe, from Old Norse gap (“an empty space, gap, chasm”), from gapa (“to gape, scream”), from Proto-Germanic *gapōną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂- (“to open wide, gape”). Related to Danish gab (“an expanse, space, gap”), Old English ġeap (“open space, expanse”); compare English gape.

cog

Jones doubled through the gap.

(baseball) The regions between the outfielders.


heave

en-noun

heave (countable and uncountable, plural heaves)

From Middle English heven, hebben, from Old English hebban, from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to take up, lift”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyéti, from the root *keh₂p-. See also have.
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian heffe, Dutch heffen ("to raise", "to lift"), German heben ("to raise", "to lift"), Danish hæve ("to raise", "to lift"), Albanian kap (“I grasp, seize”), Old Irish cáin (“law, tribute”), cacht (“prisoner”), Latin capiō (“to take”), Latvian kàmpt (“to seize”), Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō, “to gulp down”), κώπη (kṓpē, “handle”)).

cog

That left 15 needed from Boult's final set. Two dots were followed by a heave over deep mid-wicket, then came the outrageous moment of fortune.

(cricket) A forceful shot in which the ball follows a high trajectory


mound

From earlier meaning "hedge, fence", from Middle English mound, mund (“protection, boundary, raised earthen rampart”), from Old English mund (“hand, hand of protection, protector, guardianship”), from Proto-West Germanic *mundu, from Proto-Germanic *mundō (“hand”), *munduz (“protection, patron”), from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂-nt-éh₂ (“the beckoning one”), from *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”).
Cognate with Old Frisian mund (“guardianship”), Old High German munt (“hand, protection”) (German Mündel (“ward”), Vormund (“a guardian”)), Old Norse mund (“hand”) (Icelandic mund), Middle Dutch mond (“protection”), and possibly Latin manus (“hand”), Ancient Greek μάρη (márē, “hand”).

cog

The pitcher was waiting at the mound.

(baseball) Elevated area of dirt upon which the pitcher stands to pitch.


peel

en-noun

peel (countable and uncountable, plural peels)

From Middle English pelen, from Old English pilian and Old French peler, pellier; both from Latin pilō, pilāre (“to remove hair from, depilate”), from pilus (“hair”). Doublet of pill.

der

(countable, rugby) The action of peeling away from a formation.

ganda

(Rugby football) The action of peeling away from a formation


peel

(Scotland, curling) An equal or match; a draw.

(curling) A takeout which removes a stone from play as well as the delivered stone.


peel

en-verb

peel (third-person singular simple present peels, present participle peeling, simple past and past participle peeled)

peels (present singular third-person)
peeling (participle present)
peeled (participle past)
peeled (past)


rally

From Middle French rallier (French rallier), from Old French ralier, from Latin prefix re- + ad + ligare (“to bind; to ally”).

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-rally.wav

(squash, table tennis, tennis, badminton) A sequence of strokes between serving and scoring a point.

table tennis; badminton; table tennis; badminton


release

release (third-person singular simple present releases, present participle releasing, simple past and past participle released)

releases (present singular third-person)
releasing (participle present)
released (participle past)
released (past)

From Middle English relesen, relessen, from Old French relaisser (variant of relascher).

With the Gunners far too lightweight in midfield, Mikel Arteta dropped back into a deeper-lying role. This freed Yossi Benayoun to go further forward, a move that helped forge a rare Arsenal chance on 30 minutes when the Israeli released Van Persie, only for the Dutchman's snap-shot to be tipped around the post.

2011 September 13, Sam Lyon, “Borussia Dortmund 1-1 Arsenal”, in BBC:

(soccer) To set up; to provide with a goal-scoring opportunity


retire

retire (third-person singular simple present retires, present participle retiring, simple past and past participle retired)

retires (present singular third-person)
retiring (participle present)
retired (participle past)
retired (past)

/ɹəˈtaɪə(ɹ)/

From Middle French retirer (“draw back”), from Old French retirer, built from re- (“back”) + tirer (“draw, pull”), the latter from Vulgar Latin *tīrāre, of highly uncertain origin.

Jones retired in favour of Smith.

(intransitive, cricket, of a batsman) To voluntarily stop batting before being dismissed so that the next batsman can bat.

luopua

cricket: to voluntarily stop batting before being dismissed

Jones retired Smith 6-3.

Jones makes the catch for the third out, and that retires the side.

(transitive, baseball, of a fielder) To make a play which results in a runner or the batter being out, either by means of a put out, fly out or strikeout. Also, when such an event ends a team's turn at bat.

polttaa

baseball: to make a play which results in a runner or the batter being out


scout

From Middle English scout, scoult, from Old French escoute (“action of listening”), verbal noun from escouter (“to listen, heed”), from Latin auscultō (“to listen”). The verb comes from the noun.

der

(UK, cricket) A fielder in a game for practice.


secondary

From Middle English secundarie, from Latin secundārius (“of the second class or quality”), from secundus (whence the English second) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary), equivalent to second + -ary; compare the French secondaire, the Italian secondario, the Occitan secundari, the Portuguese secundario, and the Spanish secundario.

English numerals#Ordinal numbers
secondary

(American football, Canadian football) The defensive backs.


server

→ Danish: server

→ Dutch: server

→ German: Server

→ Hindi: सर्वर (sarvar)

→ Hungarian: szerver

→ Italian: server m

→ Japanese: サーバー (sābā)

→ Korean: 서버 (seobeo)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: server, sørver

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: server, sørvar

→ Persian: سرور

→ Polish: serwer

→ Portuguese: server

→ Romanian: server n

→ Russian: се́рвер (sérver)

desc

→ Thai: เซิร์ฟเวอร์ (sə́əp-wə̂ə)

→ Thai: เซิร์ฟเวอร์ (sə́əp-wə̂ə)

→ Turkish: server

From Middle English servere, equivalent to serve + -er.

(tennis, volleyball) The player who serves the ball.

One who serves.
The player who serves the ball.


shy

From Middle English shy (“shy”), from Old English sċēoh (“shy”), from Proto-West Germanic *skeuh (“shy, fearful”), from Proto-Germanic *skeuhaz (“shy, fearful”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian skjou (“shy”), Dutch schuw (“shy”), German scheu (“shy”), Danish sky (“shy”).
Etymology tree
Middle English shy
English shy

etymon

(Scotland, soccer) A throw-in from the sidelines, using two hands above the head.


slam

en-verb

slam (third-person singular simple present slams, present participle slamming, simple past and past participle slammed)

slams (present singular third-person)
slamming (participle present)
slammed (participle past)
slammed (past)

From Middle English *slammen (not recorded), apparently from a Scandinavian source ultimately from Old Norse slæma, slœma (“to slam, swing a weapon, strike an object out of reach”), related to Old Norse slamra, slambra (“to slam”). Cognate with Norwegian Bokmål slamre (“to slam”), Swedish slamra (“to pound, beat, make a clatter, rattle”), Norwegian Nynorsk slamra (“to sway, dangle”).

правя капо

card games: to defeat by winning all the tricks

(basketball) To dunk forcefully, to slam dunk.


slam

en-noun

slam (countable and uncountable, plural slams)


slice

From Middle English sclise, sklise, from Old French esclice, esclis (“a piece split off”), deverbal of esclicer, esclicier (“to splinter, split up”), from Frankish *slitjan (“to split up”), from Proto-Germanic *slitjaną, from Proto-Germanic *slītaną (“to split, tear apart”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyd- (“to rend, injure, crumble”). Akin to Old High German sliz, gisliz (“a tear, rip”), Old High German slīzan (“to tear”), Old English slītan (“to split up”), modern French éclisse. More at slite, slit.

der

(cricket) A kind of cut shot where the bat makes an obtuse angle with the batter.


slice

en-verb

slice (third-person singular simple present slices, present participle slicing, simple past and past participle sliced)

slices (present singular third-person)
slicing (participle present)
sliced (participle past)
sliced (past)

no matter how thin you slice it, it's still baloney

Chris Brunt sliced the spot-kick well wide but his error was soon forgotten as Olsson headed home from a corner.

2011 October 22, Sam Sheringham, “Aston Villa 1 – 2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive, soccer) To kick the ball so that it goes in an unintended direction, at too great an angle or too high.


snap

en-noun

snap (countable and uncountable, plural snaps)

From Dutch snappen (“to bite; seize”) or Low German snappen (“to bite; seize”), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *snappōn, from Proto-Germanic *snappōną (“to snap; snatch; chatter”), intensive form of *snapāną (”to snap; grab”, whence Old Norse snapa (“to get; scrounge”)), from Proto-Indo-European *snop-; compare Lithuanian snãpas (“beak, bill”). (One alternative hypothesis links the Germanic words to *snu-, an expressive root deriving words meaning “nose”, “snout”, “sniff” etc., but this is phonetically unsound.) In any case influenced by onomatopoeia; note expressions such as snip-snap, containing the formally unrelated snip.
Cognate with West Frisian snappe (“to get; catch; snap”), German schnappen (“to grab”), Swedish snappa (“to snatch”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

gloss

”to snap; grab”, whence Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">snapa</i> (“to get; scrounge”)

sound-symbolic

expressive

onom

onomatopoeia

cog

According to Pro Football Focus, Simmons, listed at 6-foot-4 and 238 pounds, played at least 100 snaps at five positions — slot cornerback, edge rusher, linebacker and both safety spots — and finished with 16½ tackles for a loss, eight sacks, eight pass deflections and three interceptions.

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) A backward pass or handoff of a football from its position on the ground that puts the ball in play; a hike.


snap

en-verb

snap (third-person singular simple present snaps, present participle snapping, simple past and past participle snapped or (obsolete) snapt)

snaps (present singular third-person)
snapping (participle present)
snapped (participle past)
snapped (past)
snapt (obsolete participle past)
snapt (obsolete past)

sound-symbolic

expressive

onom

onomatopoeia

захапвам

to attempt to seize with the teeth or bite

napsauttaa

transitive: to cause something to emit a snapping sound

He can snap the ball to a back twenty yards behind him.

(transitive, American football) To put (a football) in play by a backward pass or handoff from its position on the ground; to hike (a football).

antaa aloitussyöttö

to pass the ball from the center to a back, to hike the ball

(cricket, transitive) To catch out sharply (a batsman who has just snicked a bowled ball).


sneak

Possibly from Middle English sniken (“to creep, crawl”), from Old English snīcan (“to creep, crawl”), from Proto-West Germanic *snīkan, from Proto-Germanic *snīkaną (“to creep, crawl”), which is related to the root of snake. Compare Danish snige (“to sneak”), Swedish snika (“to sneak, hanker after”), Icelandic sníkja (“to sneak, hanker after”). Possibly related to snitch.

cog

(obsolete, cricket) A ball bowled so as to roll along the ground; a daisy-cutter

(American football) A play where the quarterback receives the snap and immediately dives forward.


spike

From Middle English spike, spyke, spik, from Old Norse spík (“spike, sprig”), from Proto-Germanic *spīkō (“stick, splinter, point”), from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“to be pointed; sharp point, stick”). Cognate with Icelandic spík (“spike”), Swedish spik (“spike, nail”), Dutch spijker (“nail”), Old English spīcing (“spike”), and Latin spīca (“ear of corn”), which may have influenced some senses.

шпайкове

informal: running shoes with spikes in the soles

(volleyball) An attack from, usually, above the height of the net performed with the intent to send the ball straight to the floor of the opponent or off the hands of the opposing block.


spike

en-verb

spike (third-person singular simple present spikes, present participle spiking, simple past and past participle spiked)

spikes (present singular third-person)
spiking (participle present)
spiked (participle past)
spiked (past)

(volleyball) To attack from, usually, above the height of the net with the intent to send the ball straight to the floor of the opponent or off the hands of the opposing block.

to spike the football

“No one is spiking the football yet,” Mr. Kahl said.

2022 September 13, Julian E. Barnes, Eric Schmitt, Helene Cooper, quoting Colin Kahl, “The Critical Moment Behind Ukraine’s Rapid Advance”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(American football slang) To slam the football to the ground, usually in celebration of scoring a touchdown, or to stop expiring time on the game clock after snapping the ball as to save time for the losing team to attempt to score the tying or winning points.


splice

Circa 1525, borrowed from Middle Dutch splissen (Modern Dutch splitsen); akin to Middle Dutch splitten (“to split”), German spleißen (“to split, splice”), Spliss (“split ends, hair breakage”), French épisser (also from Dutch). The Dutch word originally referred only to the fraying of the ropes' ends but was then also used for the entire process of fraying and retying; hence the peculiar semantic development from “split” to “join”. The same development occurred in German.

If the ball hits the splice, it is likely to dolly up for an easy catch.

(cricket) That part of a bat where the handle joins the blade.


splitter

lumper

antonym(s) of “one who prefers to split categories”

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-splitter.wav

split-finger fastball
split-finger fastball


swerve

en-noun

swerve (countable and uncountable, plural swerves)

From Middle English swerven, swarven, from Old English sweorfan (“to file; rub; polish; scour; turn aside”), from Proto-Germanic *swerbaną (“to rub off; wipe; mop”), from Proto-Indo-European *swerbʰ- (“to turn; wipe; sweep”). Cognate with West Frisian swerve (“to wander; roam; swerve”), Dutch zwerven (“to wander; stray; roam”), Low German swarven (“to swerve; wander; riot”), Swedish dialectal svärva (“to wipe”), Icelandic sverfa (“to file”).

cog

(cricket) Synonym of drift (“sideways movement imparted by spin bowler”)


track

→ Kashubian: trak (Canada)

From Middle English trak, tracke, from Old French trac (“track of horses, trail, trace”), of uncertain origin. Likely from a Germanic source, either Old Norse traðk ("a track; path; trodden spot"; > Icelandic traðk (“a track; path; tread”), Faroese traðk (“track; tracks”), Norwegian tråkke (“to trample”)) or from Middle Dutch trec, *trac, treck ("line, row, series"; > Dutch trek (“a draft; feature; trait; groove; expedition”)), German Low German Treck (“a draught; movement; passage; flow”). See tread, trek.

gloss

"line, row, series"; > Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">trek</i> (“a draft; feature; trait; groove; expedition”)


wedgie

(basketball, slang) A basketball stuck between the rim and the backboard following a field goal, free throw, rebound, or block attempt.


seagull

en-verb

seagull (third-person singular simple present seagulls, present participle seagulling, simple past and past participle seagulled)

seagulls (present singular third-person)
seagulling (participle present)
seagulled (participle past)
seagulled (past)
sea gull (alternative)
sea-gull (alternative)

From sea + gull. The second element is from a Brythonic language. Compare Welsh gwylan, Breton gouelan.

[…] and when you need cover for the fullback because of the bombs raining down, when the walking maul requires every forward to quit seagulling and actually do some hard graft, then the rest of the game opens up.

2002 September 24, Greig Blanchett, “Re: The Immorality of the Drop Goal”, in rec.sport.rugby.union (Usenet):

On hand was seagulling number eight Dave Hodges to cross for the all-important try.

2002 December 13, “Sharks beached at Stradey”, in BBC Sport:

That occurred in the 12th minute when flanker George Smith, seagulling out wide, enjoyed the rewards of a two-man overlap to score.

2003 November 2, Greg Growden, “Australia survives scare”, in The Age:

France was full of running and continued to spread the ball wide or kick in behind the defence, where towering right-winger Aurelien Rougerie and the seagulling French back row had a height advantage contesting the high ball.

2003 November 10, Mark Fuller, “Impeccable France outclasses Ireland”, in The Age:

Samo seagulled for Australia's final try two minutes from time.

2011 September 24, Darren Walton, “Injuries sour Wallabies 67-5 win over USA”, in MSN NZ:

(British, Australia, New Zealand, rugby slang, of a forward) To run in the back line rather than concentrate on primary positional duties in open play.


bunny

From bun (“rabbit”) + -y (diminutive suffix). Probably from Scottish Gaelic bun (“bottom, butt, stump, stub”), from Old Irish bun (“the thick end of anything, base, butt, foot”), from Proto-Celtic *bonus, though its origin is uncertain. Compare also English bum. Together with rabbit, bunny has largely displaced its former rhyme cony (see cony for more).

der

(cricket) Synonym of rabbit (“batsman frequently dismissed by the same bowler”)


clip

en-verb

clip (third-person singular simple present clips, present participle clipping, simple past and past participle clipt or clipped)

clips (present singular third-person)
clipping (participle present)
clipt (participle past)
clipt (past)
clipped (participle past)
clipped (past)

From Middle English clippen, from Old Norse klippa (“to clip, cut the hair, shear sheep”). Cognate with Icelandic klippa (“to clip”), Swedish klippa (“to clip”), Danish klippe (“to clip”), Norwegian Bokmål klippe (“to clip”).

der

(American football) To perform an illegal tackle, throwing the body across the back of an opponent's leg or hitting him from the back below the waist while moving up from behind unless the opponent is a runner or the action is in close line play.


stumped

en-adj

stumped (comparative more stumped, superlative most stumped)

more stumped (comparative)
most stumped (superlative)

(cricket, of a batsman, not comparable) out as a result of the wicket-keeper breaking the wicket with the ball while the batsman is out of his crease.


bush

(baseball) Amateurish behavior, short for "bush league behavior"


dunk

en-verb

dunk (third-person singular simple present dunks, present participle dunking, simple past and past participle dunked)

dunks (present singular third-person)
dunking (participle present)
dunked (participle past)
dunked (past)

From Pennsylvania German dunke, from Middle High German dunken, from Old High German dunkōn (“to dip, submerge, dunk”), from Proto-West Germanic *þunkōn (“to make wet”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *þunkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to moisten, wet”).
Cognate with German tunken (“to dunk”), Latin tingō (“to wet, moisten”), Ancient Greek τέγγω (téngō, “to wet, moisten”). Related to taint, tincture, tint.

cog

The center spun quickly and dunked the ball with authority.

(transitive, intransitive, basketball) To put the ball directly downward through the hoop while grabbing onto the rim with power.


reverse dunk

(basketball) A dunk in which the player's back is to the basket when the ball is dunked.


slam dunk

slam dunks (plural)
slam-dunk (alternative)
slamdunk (alternative)

(basketball) An impressively forceful dunk.


thunderdunk

(basketball) An extremely forceful dunk.


lob jam

From the two aspects of the play: a lob pass and a jam shot by the receiver.

(basketball, rare) Synonym of alley oop.


SF

en-noun

SF (countable and uncountable, plural SFs)

→ Japanese: エスエフ, SF (SF)

(basketball) Initialism of small forward.


FT

FT (countable and uncountable, plural FTs)


free-throw lane

free-throw lane (plural free-throw lanes)

Players must remain outside the free-throw lane until the ball leaves the free-throw shooter's hands.

(basketball) The rectangular or trapezoidal area between the free-throw line and the end line.


charity stripe

(US, basketball, informal) The free-throw line.


half-court line

half-court line (plural half-court lines)

(basketball) The line parallel to the end lines and midway between them.


half-court violation

half-court violation (plural half-court violations)

(basketball) A turnover occurring when the team with possession, having brought the ball over the half-court line causes it to cross back over the line without interference from the other team.


shotgun offense

shotgun offense (plural shotgun offenses)

(American football) An offense in which the quarterback sets up at a distance behind the center and the ball is snapped through the air.


man-to-man defense

man-to-man defense (plural man-to-man defenses)

They'll have trouble playing a man-to-man against such a fast guard and tall center.

(basketball) A defense in which each player guards a particular opposing player.


zone defense

zone defense (countable and uncountable, plural zone defenses)

Outside shooting is essential to beating a zone defense.

(basketball, soccer) A defense in which each player covers an area of the court.


fast break

Their pressure defense gives them a lot of fast breaks off of steals.

(basketball) An offensive play in which a team, having won possession of the ball, moves the ball downcourt as quickly as possible, attempting to get an easy shot before the defense can set up.


airball

* From air + ball.
* The first recorded use of the "airball" chant was on February 24, 1979, during a college basketball game between the Duke University Blue Devils and the North Carolina Tar Heels after the Tar Heels' Rich Yonakor took a shot which missed the rim.

As soon as the shot left his hands, the spectators could see it was going to be an airball.

Johnson also could have tied the game, at 66-66 with 14 seconds left. But his jump shot was an airball. From that scramble Lopez emerged with the first of his key foul shots.

1990 April 3, David Levine, “COLLEGE BASKETBALL; Fordham Defeats Iona to Advance”, in The New York Times:

Bryant’s path to becoming a champion, after all, began with a series of infamous misses: his playoff airballs as a rookie against Utah. Clarkson sees those airballs as a metaphor for Bryant’s clunky start against the Jazz two decades later.

2021 April 13, Bill Oram, “Remembering Kobe Bryant’s final game: Five years later, five untold stories about the Lakers legend’s 60-point night”, in The New York Times:

(basketball) A shot that misses the backboard, rim and net entirely.


airball

en-verb

airball (third-person singular simple present airballs, present participle airballing, simple past and past participle airballed)

airballs (present singular third-person)
airballing (participle present)
airballed (participle past)
airballed (past)

Tatum struggled with fatigue through the final two rounds of the postseason and was exhausted to the point he was airballing shots by the time the Warriors were closing out the championship.

2022 August 8, Jared Weiss, “Jayson Tatum opens up on lessons from Celtics’ finals loss, Kevin Durant trade”, in The New York Times:

The Timberwolves lost 128-125 when KAT airballed a falling 30-footer at the buzzer.

2024 January 23, Zach Harper and Shams Charania, “Joel Embiid’s 70-point NBA welcome to Victor Wembanyama. Plus, Shams on Heat-Hornets trade”, in The New York Times:

(basketball, transitive) To throw an airball.


lane violation

(basketball) The act of entering the free-throw lane before the free-throw shot has left the shooter's hands.


points in the paint

(basketball, colloquial) Points scored from within the free-throw lane.


DFA

(baseball) Initialism of designated for assignment.


banger

→ Estonian: bänger

→ Finnish: bängeri

From bang + -er. The sausages were so called because of their excess water content and impervious skin, leading to the risk of explosion if not punctured before cooking.

A thing or person which bangs, in any sense.

(curling) One of the rocks that end up crashing against another, making banging sounds, after a throw.

(curling) One of the rocks that results in a score at the finish of an end.


pivot

From Middle English pevet, *pivot, from Old French pivot (“hinge pin, pivot”) (12th c.), possibly from Latin pūgiō.


fungo

Uncertain; perhaps from Scots fung (“to fling, throw”).

The fielding coach played fungo with the outfielders to warm them up.

Alex Rodriguez and Derek Jeter aren’t going to China to […] hit fungoes to wide-eyed Chinese kids.

2007 January 25, Murray Chass, “Yanks Hope to Get a Jump in China”, in New York Times:

(baseball) A fielding practice drill where a person hits fly balls intended to be caught.

He is so strong he could hit it out of the park with a fungo.


fungo

fungo (third-person singular simple present fungos, present participle fungoing, simple past and past participle fungoed)

fungos (present singular third-person)
fungoing (participle present)
fungoed (participle past)
fungoed (past)

(baseball) To take part in a fielding practice drill where a person hits fly balls intended to be caught.


shift

en-noun

shift (countable and uncountable, plural shifts)

From Middle English schiften, from Old English sċiftan (“to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise”), from Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną, *skiptijaną, from earlier *skipatjaną (“to organise, put in order”), from Proto-Indo-European *skeyb- (“to separate, divide, part”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, divide, separate, part”). Cognate with Scots schift, skift (“to shift”), West Frisian skifte, skiftsje (“to sort”), Dutch schiften (“to sort, screen, winnow, part”), German schichten (“to stack, layer”), Swedish skifta (“to shift, change, exchange, vary”), Norwegian skifte (“to shift”), Icelandic skipta (“to switch”). See ship.

cog

Teams often use a shift against this lefty.


Bayern

Clipping of Bayern Munich from German Bayern (“Bavaria”) (clipping of Bayern München).

(soccer) Bayern Munich (a German football club based in Munich)

F.C. Bayern Munich
de:F.C. Bayern München


skier

However, when Guha returned, she picked the wrong ball to pull and hit a skier to Charlotte Edwards.

2002, Jeff Green, "New Zealand win tri-series in convincing style", Cricinfo

The second thing I did my best to get out of was the unpleasant position Monty found himself in rather too often in Sri Lanka: standing under a skier in the deep.

2012, Harry Pearson, "There's always a catch – unless it's me or Monty underneath the ball", The Guardian

(cricket) A ball hit high in the air, often leading to a catch.


hike

From English dialectal hyke (“to walk vigorously”), probably a Northern form of hitch, from Middle English hytchen, hichen, icchen (“to move, jerk, stir”). Cognate with Scots hyke (“to move with a jerk”), dialectal German hicken (“to hobble, walk with a limp”), Danish hinke (“to hop”). More at hick.

(American football) The snap of the ball to start a play.


hike

en-verb

hike (third-person singular simple present hikes, present participle hiking, simple past and past participle hiked)

hikes (present singular third-person)
hiking (participle present)
hiked (participle past)
hiked (past)

(American football) To snap the ball to start a play.


stand-up

en-adj

stand-up (comparative more stand-up, superlative most stand-up)

more stand-up (comparative)
most stand-up (superlative)

stand-up double; stand-up triple

(baseball, of a hit) That allows the batter to advance to a given base (usually second or third) without having to slide.


BCS

Bowl Championship Series
w:Bowl Championship Series

(American football, historical) Initialism of Bowl Championship Series. Replaced after the 2013 season by the College Football Playoff.


speculator

From Latin speculātor (“spy, explorer, investigator”), from speculor (“to watch, to observe”) + -tor (“-er: forming agent nouns”), from specula (“watchtower”), from speciō (“to watch, to observe”), q.v. In some senses, an agent noun formed within English from speculate. Doublet of spectator.


chinaman

From Chinaman, a dated, now offensive term for a Chinese person. Compare Chinese (“unfamiliar, unexpected”). Named in reference to Ellis Achong, a West Indian player of Chinese descent.

Several cricketers came up to them and asked Pradeep about his effortless action mimicry and his promising chinaman bowling.

2011, Shehan Karunatilaka, Chinaman: The Legend of Pradeep Mathew, Jonathan Cape, page 103:

(cricket, dated) A left-arm unorthodox bowling action (left-arm wrist-spin).

(cricket) A spin bowler who uses such an action.

(cricket) A ball delivered with such an action.


sink

en-verb

sink (third-person singular simple present sinks, present participle sinking, simple past sank or sunk, past participle sunk or sunken)

sinks (present singular third-person)
sinking (participle present)
sank (past)
sunk (past)
sunk (participle past)
sunken (participle past)

From Middle English synken, from Old English sincan, from Proto-West Germanic *sinkwan, from Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷ- (“to fall, sink”).
Compare West Frisian sinke, Low German sinken, Dutch zinken, German sinken, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål synke, Swedish sjunka. In the causative sense, it replaced Old English senċan (“make sink”) from Proto-Germanic *sankwijaną.

der

My sister beats me at pool in public a second time. I claim some dignity back by potting two of my balls before Tammy sinks the black.

2008, Edward Keating, The Joy of Ex: A Novel:

(heading, physical) To move or be moved into something.

(transitive, snooker, pool, billiards, golf) To pot; hit a ball into a pocket or hole.