NB

NBs are also seen in newborns and may be detected in the fetus by antenatal imaging, most often associated with favourable prognostic features. Common sites for primary NB are the adrenal glands (48%), extraadrenal retroperitoneum […]

2014, Andy Adam, Adrian K. Dixon, Jonathan H Gillard, Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop, Ronald G. Grainger, David J. Allison, Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology E-Book, Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN, page 1972:

(oncology) Abbreviation of neuroblastoma.


leukemia

en-noun

leukemia (countable and uncountable, plural leukemias)

From German Leukämie, from Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white”) + αἷμα (haîma, “blood”). By surface analysis, leuk- + -emia.

The subjects suffered from lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias.

In an era when political leaders promise deliverance from decline through America’s purported preeminence in scientific research, the news that science is in deep trouble in the United States has been as unwelcome as a diagnosis of leukemia following the loss of health insurance.

2012 January 13, Philip E. Mirowski, “Harms to Health from the Pursuit of Profits”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, page 87:

(oncology, pathology) Any of a class of types of cancer affecting the blood cells, especially the white blood cells (usually with massive leukocytosis), and the blood cell–forming (hematopoietic) tissues.

tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues


APL

APL (countable and uncountable, plural APLs)

(computer language): From the book A Programming Language (1962).

The disease that stood at the pivotal crossroads of oncology was yet another rare variant of leukemia called acute promyelocytic leukemia—APL.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 407:

acute promyelocytic leukemia
w:acute promyelocytic leukemia

(oncology, hematology, uncountable) Initialism of acute promyelocytic leukemia.


neu

The name of this oncogene is abbreviated from a neuroglioblastoma cell line, from which it was originally isolated in rats.


cancer

cancer (countable and uncountable, plural cancers)

→ Hindi: कैंसर (kainsar)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕੈਂਸਰ (kainsar)

Shahmukhi script: کینسر (kainsar)

→ Swahili: kansa

→ Urdu: کینسر (kainsar)

→ Welsh: canser

Borrowed from Latin cancer (“crab”), a calque of Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab; ulcer; cancer”) (possibly cognate), applied to cancerous tumors because the enlarged veins resembled the legs of a crab. Doublet of canker and chancre.

calque

If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the[…]hazards of gasoline cars: air and water pollution, noise and noxiousness, constant coughing and the undeniable rise in cancers caused by smoke exhaust particulates.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:

Risk is everywhere. From tabloid headlines insisting that coffee causes cancer (yesterday, of course, it cured it) to stern government warnings about alcohol and driving, the world is teeming with goblins. For each one there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you.

2013 June 22, “Snakes and ladders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 76:

Cancers are common diseases; in the aggregate, they are among the leading causes of death nationally and worldwide, and their incidence is increasing as the population ages.

2015 February 26, Francis S. Collins, Harold Varmus, “A New Initiative on Precision Medicine”, in The New England Journal of Medicine, volume 372, number 9, →DOI, pages 793–794:

(medicine, oncology, pathology) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.

kanker

disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation


sessile

From Latin sessilis (“sitting”), from sessus, perfect passive participle of verb sedeō (“to sit”), + adjective suffix -ilis. Compare session.

The pileus is sessile, or sometimes narrowed at the base into a short stem, the caps often numerous and crowded together in an overlapping or imbricate manner.

1903, George Francis Atkinson, chapter VII, in Studies of American Fungi. Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc., 2nd edition, New York: Henry Holt:

The sporophyte foot is also characteristic: it is very broad and more or less lenticular or disciform, as broad or broader than the calyptra stalk[…], and is sessile on the calyptra base[…]

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 5:

(botany, oncology) Attached directly by the base; not having an intervening stalk; stalkless.


chemotherapy

en-noun

chemotherapy (countable and uncountable, plural chemotherapies)

/ˌkiːməʊˈθɛɹəpi/

(oncology, most common usage) chemical treatment to kill or halt the replication and/or spread of cancerous cells in a patient.

quimioteràpia

chemical treatment to kill or halt cancer


tumor

From Middle English tumour, from Old French tumour, from Latin tumor (“swelling”), from tumeō (“bulge, swell”, verb), from Proto-Italic *tumēō, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). Related to English thumb.

der

a benign tumor

a malignant tumor

brain tumor

identify tumor

pancreatic tumor

remove a tumor

take a tumor

stomach tumor

differential diagnosis
differential diagnosis

(oncology, pathology) An abnormal growth; differential diagnosis includes abscess, metaplasia, and neoplasia.

เนื้องอก

nʉ́ʉa-ngɔ̂ɔk


tumorigenesis

(oncology) Production of a new tumor or tumors.

(oncology) The process involved in the production of a new tumor or tumors.


lymphoma

en-noun

lymphoma (countable and uncountable, plural lymphomata or lymphomas)

From lymph, from Latin lympha (“water”) + -oma (“disease, morbidity”).

af

In the one sub-class, we have the Leukaemic Lymphoma, the Typhous Lymphoma, the Hyperplastic Lymphoma (ex. the simple hypertrophied tonsil), Lympho-sarcoma, Scrofulous Glands; and in the other sub-class, Tubercle of man, and Perlsucht or Parresyge, or Morbus Gallicus, the pearl distemper of ruminating animals.

1867, Reginald Southey, The Nature and Affinities of Tubercle: Being the Gulstonian Lectures for the Year 1867:

Common immunohistochemical markers of this lymphoma include CD2, CD56, CD3, and T-cell receptors. 7 Typically, the histology of these lymphomas are characterized by monomorphic inflammatory cellular infiltrates, which may be diffuse or show angiocentricity and angiodestruction as well as tissue destruction. 7 Lymphoid markers from the nasal mucosal biopsy from this patient were negative for CD56 and EBER.

2015, Brook McConnell, M. Sherif Said, Vijay R. Ramakrishnan, “Nasal septal perforation associated with pyoderma gangrenosum”, in Allergy & Rhinology, volume 6, →DOI:

(oncology, pathology) A malignant tumor that arises in the lymph nodes or in other lymphoid tissue.


sarcoma

From Latin sarcoma , from Ancient Greek σάρκωμα (sárkōma), from σάρξ (sárx, “flesh”) + -ωμα (-ōma, “process”) or from Ancient Greek σαρκόω (sarkóō), itself from σάρξ (sárx); by surface analysis, sarc- + -oma.

suffix

Only about 1 per cent of cancers are found in connective tissue; these are known as sarcomas.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 393:

(oncology) A type of malignant tumor of the bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.


carcinoma

en-noun

carcinoma (countable and uncountable, plural carcinomas or carcinomata)

carcinomas (plural)
carcinomata (plural)

/ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmə/

/ˌkɑːsnˈəʊmə/

/ˌkɑɹsɪˈnoʊmə/

/ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmətə/

/ˌkɑːsnˈəʊmətə/

/ˌkɑɹsɪˈnoʊmətə/

/ˌkɑːsɪnəʊˈmɑːtə/

/ˌkɑːsnəʊˈmɑːtə/

/ˌkɑɹsɪnoʊˈmɑtə/

Medical Compendium in Seven Books
Paul of Aegina

Learned borrowing from Latin carcinōma (“tumour; ulcer; carcinoma”), from Ancient Greek κᾰρκῐ́νωμᾰ (kărkĭ́nōmă, “sore, ulcer; cancer”), from καρκινόω (karkinóō, “to make (something) resemble a crab”, in the mediopassive "to become cancerous; to suffer from cancer") + -μᾰ (-mă, action noun suffix). Καρκινόω is derived from καρκῐ́νος (karkĭ́nos, “crab; the zodiac sign Cancer; sore, ulcer; cancer”) (according to Paul of Aegina (c. 625 – c. 690) in his Medical Compendium in Seven Books, because the veins surrounding a cancerous tumour resemble a crab’s legs). The English word is a doublet of cancer, and may be analysed as carcino- + -oma.
The plural form carcinomata is a learned borrowing from Latin carcinōmata, from Ancient Greek κᾰρκῐνώμᾰτᾰ (kărkĭnṓmătă).

lbor

(countable) An invasive malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body.

سرطانة

invasive malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue

Take the fatteſt and fulleſt Figs you can get, lay them upon the ugly and ill favored tumor called Carcinoma, i. the Canker, ſo it be not yet exulcerat, I aſſure you it is a ſoveraine remedie, and hardly can be matched againe: […]

1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book XXIII.] Of Peares, and the Properties Observed in Them. Of Tame Figge Trees, and Their Figges. Of the Wild Figge Tree. Of Erineus, and Other Plants, with the Medicines which They Affourd..”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 2nd tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 167:

(obsolete, countable) A form of cancer; (uncountable) cancer in general as a disease.


melanoma

en-noun

melanoma (plural melanomas or melanomata)

(oncology, pathology) A dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte and occurring most commonly in the skin.

black cancer

see A Comprehensive Medical Dictionary citation from 1880

Melanome

see The Washington Post citation from 1904


anaplastic

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-anaplastic.wav

(oncology) Of, or relating to, a tumor that shows little histogenetic differentiation. It implies that a tumor is high grade and likely to behave in an aggressive fashion.


genotoxic

en-adj

genotoxic (comparative more genotoxic, superlative most genotoxic)

more genotoxic (comparative)
most genotoxic (superlative)

(oncology) Capable of damaging genetic material such as DNA, and thus causing mutations or possibly cancer.


leucocythemia

en-noun

leucocythemia (countable and uncountable, plural leucocythemias)

(oncology) A disease in which there is a vastly increased number of white blood cells in the blood.


cancerous

en-adj

cancerous (comparative more cancerous, superlative most cancerous)

more cancerous (comparative)
most cancerous (superlative)

From cancer + -ous, from Latin cancer (“crab; tumor, cancer”).

On Sunday at five they operated to remove the cancerous kidney.

2002, Zadie Smith, The Autograph Man, Penguin Books (2003), page 368:

(oncology) Relating to or affected with cancer.


malign

malign (comparative more malign, superlative most malign)

more malign (comparative)
most malign (superlative)

From Middle English maligne, from Old French maligne, from Latin malignus, from malus (“bad”) + genus (“sort, kind”). Compare benign.

a malign ulcer

malign ulcers

1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Seditions and Troubles”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:


antineoplastic

(pharmacology, oncology) Inhibiting the development of tumours.


chemotherapeutic

But for a vast majority of cancers, more intensive regimens of standard chemotherapeutic drugs did not necessarily mean more survival.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 232:

(medicine, oncology) Of or having to do with chemotherapy.


chemotherapeutic

Several novel chemotherapeutics that target specific signaling pathways are now available as anti-cancer agents including EGFR inhibitors and rapamycin.

2005, Michael G. Goggins, “The Molecular Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer”, in Von Hoff et al., editors, Pancreatic Cancer, →ISBN, page 260:

(medicine, oncology) A chemical agent used in chemotherapy


skin cancer

en-noun

skin cancer (countable and uncountable, plural skin cancers)

(oncology, pathology) A malignant growth on the skin, such as melanoma.


breast cancer

breast cancer (countable and uncountable, plural breast cancers)


tumour

From Middle English tumour, from Old French tumour, from Latin tumor (“swelling”), from tumeō (“bulge, swell”, verb), from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). Related to English thumb.

(oncology, pathology) Alternative spelling of tumor


CSC

CSC (countable and uncountable, plural CSCs)

(oncology) Initialism of cancer stem cell.


(oncology) The vitamin biotin labelled with radioactive (yttrium-90), used in the treatment of cancer, where it seeks out tumor cells that have been targeted by an antibody linked to streptavidin and kills them.


(oncology) A subcategory of stage 3 cancer.


oncologist

/ɒŋˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/

From oncology + -ist or onco- + -logist.

There's been a lot of screening, and people still die," says Ian Thompson, a urologic oncologist at the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.

2009 February 13, Jennifer Couzin, “BIOMARKERS: Metabolite in Urine May Point To High-Risk Prostate Cancer”, in Science, volume 323, number 5916, →DOI:

When considered in combination with the use of antiangiogenic therapy, this diagnostic tool is easy to apply and has broad utility among medical oncologists to avoid the risk of hemosputum in the great vessels [ 5 ].

2015 July 30, Hidetaka Uramoto et al., “Easy Diagnosis of Aortic Invasion in Patients with Lung Cancer Using Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging”, in Case Reports in Oncology, volume 8, →DOI:

(oncology) A doctor or scientist who specializes in oncology.


mesothelioma

mesothelioma (countable and uncountable, plural mesotheliomas or mesotheliomata)

mesotheliomas (plural)
mesotheliomata (plural)

(pathology, oncology) An uncommon malignant tumour of the mesothelium, usually of the lungs after exposure to asbestos.


myeloma

(pathology, oncology) A malignant tumour arising from cells of the bone marrow, specifically plasma cells.


neoplasm

From neo- + plasm, after German Neoplasma.

Other and less common causes for an oromaxillary fistula are infections, cysts and neoplasms of the maxilla which may destroy the intervening bone, resulting in a fistula between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity.

1947, William Lincoln Ballenger, Howard Charles Ballenger, John Jacob Ballenger, Diseases of the Nose, Throat and Ear, page 208:

While we cannot firmly attribute the cause of the benign neoplasm to the irregularity in your genetic makeup, we can confirm that the progressive damage renders you unable to conceive a child.

2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2: Lair of the Shadow Broker (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, PC, scene: Miranda Lawson Dossier: Medical Correspondence:

Angiosarcoma is the most-common differentiated malignant neoplasm of the heart and accounts for 10–15% of primary cardiac malignancies.

2017, Gaballah AH, Jensen CT, “Angiosarcoma: clinical and imaging features from head to toe”, in The British journal of radiology, volume 90, number 1075, British Institute of Radiology, →DOI, →PMID:

(pathology, oncology) An abnormal new growth of disorganized tissue in animals or plants.


Hodgkin's disease

Hodgkin's lymphoma
Hodgkin's lymphoma#English

(oncology, pathology) Former name of Hodgkin's lymphoma.


Hodgkin's lymphoma

Hodgkin's lymphoma (countable and uncountable, plural Hodgkin's lymphomas)

Coordinate term: non-Hodgkin lymphoma

(pathology, oncology) A malignant lymphoid neoplasm characterized by the formation of large tumour cells (Reed-Sternberg cells) in the lymph nodes.


Reed-Sternberg cell

Reed-Sternberg cell (plural Reed-Sternberg cells)

Named after Dorothy Reed Mendenhall and Carl Sternberg, who provided the first definitive microscopic descriptions of Hodgkin's disease.

(oncology) A giant lymphocyte characteristic of Hodgkin's lymphoma.


immunotherapy

(immunology) The treatment of disease (especially cancers and autoimmune diseases) by adjusting the body's immune response.

(immunology, oncology) The treatment of cancer by improving the ability of the host to reject a tumour immunologically: cancer immunotherapy.


oncogene

It was obvious from the start what kinds of genes oncogenes would turn out to be – genes that encourage cells to grow.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 234:

(oncology, genetics) Any gene that contributes to the conversion of a normal cell into a cancerous cell when mutated or expressed at high levels.


It has similar structure to human epidermal growth factor receptor, or HER. Initialism of Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2.

init of

(oncology) Receptor which is the target for the drug trastuzumab in chemotherapy.


precancerous

(oncology) Of or pertaining to growth that is likely to develop into cancer

prekancerózní

of or pertaining to growth that is likely to develop into cancer


anticancer

Mitomycin C is an anticancer drug, and may be administered as part of chemotherapy.

(oncology) That is used to treat cancer.


retinoblastoma

en-noun

retinoblastoma (plural retinoblastomas or retinoblastomata)

retinoblastomas (plural)
retinoblastomata (plural)

Retinoblastoma has two distinct variants, an inherited “familial” form and a sporadic form.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 367:

(oncology) A malignant tumour of the retina; a hereditary condition found mostly in children.


oncological

/ˌɒŋkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəɫ/

(oncology) Of or pertaining to oncology.


oncologic

/ˌɒŋkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪk/


Named for its similarity to ErbB (avian erythroblastosis oncogene B).

(oncology) Avian erythroblastosis oncogene B 2.


genotoxin

(oncology) Any substance capable of causing damage to cellular DNA and thus producing mutations or cancer.


pineoblastoma

pineoblastoma (plural pineoblastomas or pineoblastomata)

pineoblastomas (plural)
pineoblastomata (plural)


medulloblastoma

medulloblastoma (plural medulloblastomas or medulloblastomata)

medulloblastomas (plural)
medulloblastomata (plural)

(oncology) A malignant type of brain tumour that originates in the cerebellum


nephroblastoma

nephroblastoma (plural nephroblastomas or nephroblastomata)

nephroblastomas (plural)
nephroblastomata (plural)


gonadoblastoma

gonadoblastoma (plural gonadoblastomas or gonadoblastomata)

gonadoblastomas (plural)
gonadoblastomata (plural)

(pathology, oncology) A tumour found in an ovary.


papilloma

papilloma (plural papillomas or papillomata)

papillomas (plural)
papillomata (plural)

(pathology, oncology) An epithelial tumour, usually benign, with the appearance of a papilla


gastric cancer

gastric cancer (countable and uncountable, plural gastric cancers)


stomach cancer

stomach cancer (countable and uncountable, plural stomach cancers)


lymphoblast

lymphoblastic leukemia
lymphoblastic leukemia

(US, cytology, oncology) An immature lymphocyte; they proliferate uncontrollably in lymphoblastic leukemia


lymphoblastic leukemia

lymphoblastic leukemia (countable and uncountable, plural lymphoblastic leukemias)

(US, oncology, pathology) An acute form of leukemia characterized by a very large number of lymphoblasts in the circulating blood.


tumourigenesis

(oncology) Alternative spelling of tumorigenesis


neuroblastoma

neuroblastoma (plural neuroblastomas or neuroblastomata)

neuroblastomas (plural)
neuroblastomata (plural)

(oncology) A form of cancer that affects the ganglia in various parts of the body


upstaging

A situation where somebody or something is upstaged; thus:

(medicine, surgery, oncology) An increase in the stage of a case of a disease (usually a cancer), from a less-threatening to a more-threatening stage.


Ewing's sarcoma

Ewing's sarcoma (plural Ewing's sarcomas)

First described by James Ewing (1866–1943), American pathologist.

small-round-blue-cell tumor
small-round-blue-cell tumor

(pathology, oncology) A malignant small-round-blue-cell tumor that forms in bone or soft tissue.


carcinogenesis

carcinogenesis (countable and uncountable, plural carcinogeneses)

Whether they are involved in carcinogenesis by induction of a heritable lesion would depend, I believe, on their ability either to mispair or to misrepair.

1982, Yutaka Kawazoe, “Molecular Mechanism of Chemical Modification of Cellular Nucleic Acid Bases by 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide”, in Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-substituted Aryl Compounds, page 185:

(oncology) The creation of cancer cells.


adenocarcinoma

adenocarcinoma (plural adenocarcinomas or adenocarcinomata)

adenocarcinomas (plural)
adenocarcinomata (plural)

(oncology) Any of several forms of carcinoma that originate in glandular tissue.

adenokarcinom

any of several forms of carcinoma that originate in glandular tissue


genotoxicity

genotoxicity (countable and uncountable, plural genotoxicities)

From geno- + toxicity or genotoxic + -ity.

Genotoxicity refers to potentially harmful effects on genetic material (DNA) which may occur directly through the induction of permanent transmissible changes (mutations) in the amount or structure of the DNA within cells.

2009, Lutz Müller, Anke Lühe, “Preclinical safety testing”, in John P. Griffin, editor, The Textbook of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 6th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN, page 120:

(oncology, uncountable) The condition of being genotoxic.

(oncology, countable) The relative toxicity of a genotoxin.


AML

AML (countable and uncountable, plural AMLs)

Secondary AML was assigned if a patient had a history of chemotherapy/radiation therapy for a malignancy and/or had a history of preleukemic disease (eg, myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS], myeloproliferative neoplasm [MPN]).

2018, C Ustan et al., “Core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21): Risk factors and a novel scoring system (I-CBFit)”, in Cancer Medicine:

acute myeloid leukemia
acute myeloid leukemia#English

(countable, uncountable, hematology, oncology) Initialism of acute myeloid leukemia.

acute myeloblastic leukemia
acute myeloblastic leukemia#English

(oncology, hematology) Initialism of acute myeloblastic leukemia.

acute myelogenous leukemia
acute myelogenous leukemia#English

(oncology, hematology) Initialism of acute myelogenous leukemia.


prostatic adenocarcinoma

prostatic adenocarcinoma (countable and uncountable, plural prostatic adenocarcinomas)

(oncology, pathology) Adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland, accounting for over 95% of prostate cancers.


antitumor

en-adj

antitumor (comparative more antitumor, superlative most antitumor)

more antitumor (comparative)
most antitumor (superlative)

(oncology) Inhibiting the development of a tumor.


oncoprotein

(genetics, oncology, biochemistry) A protein that is coded for by an oncogene.


osteoclastoma

en-noun

osteoclastoma (plural osteoclastomas or osteoclastomata)

osteoclastomas (plural)
osteoclastomata (plural)

(oncology) A tumor of bone characterized by the presence of giant, multinucleated cells


fibrosarcoma

fibrosarcoma (plural fibrosarcomas or fibrosarcomata)

fibrosarcomas (plural)
fibrosarcomata (plural)

(oncology) A fibroblastic sarcoma: a malignant tumor derived from fibrous connective tissue


melastatin

(genetics, oncology) A gene expressed in melanocytes and involved in nevomelanocytic development; down-regulated in cases of melanoma


methylene diphosphonate

(organic chemistry, oncology) Synonym of medronate


restage

en-verb

restage (third-person singular simple present restages, present participle restaging, simple past and past participle restaged)

restages (present singular third-person)
restaging (participle present)
restaged (participle past)
restaged (past)

(medicine, oncology, surgery; transitive) To stage (a disease, especially a cancer) again; to revise the staging of a case as its course varies.


ependymoma

en-noun

ependymoma (plural ependymomas or ependymomata)

ependymomas (plural)
ependymomata (plural)

central nervous system
central nervous system

(pathology, oncology) A tumour of the central nervous system arising from the ependyma


hemangioblastoma

hemangioblastoma (plural hemangioblastomas or hemangioblastomata)

hemangioblastomas (plural)
hemangioblastomata (plural)

(oncology) Any of several benign neoplasm tumours of the brain


ALL

ALL (countable and uncountable, plural ALLs)

In children, leukemia was most commonly ALL—lymphoblastic leukemia—and was almost always swiftly lethal.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 17:

acute lymphoblastic leukemia
acute lymphoblastic leukemia#English

(oncology, hematology) Initialism of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.


oligodendroglioma

(oncology) A glioma believed to originate from the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell.


insulinoma

insulinoma (plural insulinomas or insulinomata)

insulinomas (plural)
insulinomata (plural)

(medicine, oncology) A tumour of the pancreas that secretes insulin.

insulinoma

a tumour of the pancreas that secretes insulin


anhydrovinblastine

(pharmacology, oncology) One of two vinca alkaloids useful in the treatment of cancer.


chondrosarcoma

chondrosarcoma (plural chondrosarcomas or chondrosarcomata)

chondrosarcomas (plural)
chondrosarcomata (plural)

(oncology) A type of bone cancer, a cartilage-based tumour.


osteoblastoma

(oncology) an uncommon osteoid tissue-forming primary neoplasm of the bone


antitumorigenic

(oncology) Opposing tumorigenesis; serving to counteract the formation of tumors.


angiosarcoma

angiosarcoma (plural angiosarcomas or angiosarcomata)

angiosarcomas (plural)
angiosarcomata (plural)

(oncology) Any malignant tumour of vascular tissue


antileukemic

en-adj

antileukemic (comparative more antileukemic, superlative most antileukemic)

more antileukemic (comparative)
most antileukemic (superlative)

(oncology, pharmacology) Preventing or countering leukemia.


cancroid

cancroid (comparative more cancroid, superlative most cancroid)

more cancroid (comparative)
most cancroid (superlative)

(medicine, oncology, pathology) Of or pertaining to cancer, especially to squamous cell carcinoma


cervical cancer

en-noun

cervical cancer (countable and uncountable, plural cervical cancers)

(pathology, oncology) A type of cancer of the cervix of the uterus which can afflict some female mammals including humans. The term usually does not refer to cancer of the neck or other parts of the anatomy which use the term cervix.


brain cancer

brain cancer (countable and uncountable, plural brain cancers)

(oncology) Any of various types of cancer associated with brain tumors.


pancreatic cancer

pancreatic cancer (countable and uncountable, plural pancreatic cancers)

(oncology, pathology) A malignant neoplasm of the pancreas.


antivascular

en-adj

antivascular (comparative more antivascular, superlative most antivascular)

more antivascular (comparative)
most antivascular (superlative)

(pharmacology, oncology) Describing any drug that attacks the vasculature of a tumour


thymoma

(oncology, pathology) Any tumour of the thymus


carcinosarcoma

en-noun

carcinosarcoma (plural carcinosarcomas or carcinosarcomata)

carcinosarcomas (plural)
carcinosarcomata (plural)

(oncology) Any malignant neoplasm that has characteristics of both a carcinoma and a sarcoma


antitumoral

en-adj

antitumoral (comparative more antitumoral, superlative most antitumoral)

more antitumoral (comparative)
most antitumoral (superlative)


choriocarcinoma

en-noun

choriocarcinoma (plural choriocarcinomas or choriocarcinomata)

choriocarcinomas (plural)
choriocarcinomata (plural)

When it occurs, choriocarcinoma is thus a double tragedy: an abnormal pregnancy compounded by a lethal malignancy, birth tipped into death.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 135:

(oncology) A malignant, trophoblastic cancer, usually of the placenta.


multiple myeloma

multiple myeloma (plural multiple myelomas or multiple myelomata)

multiple myelomas (plural)
multiple myelomata (plural)

(pathology, oncology) A malignant neoplasm of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies.


hemangiopericytoma

hemangiopericytoma (plural hemangiopericytomas or hemangiopericytomata)

hemangiopericytomas (plural)
hemangiopericytomata (plural)

From hemangiopericyte + -oma (“neoplastic tumor”), the former from hemangio- + pericyte.

affix

The cause was hemangiopericytoma, a rare vascular cancer, said his wife, Dizzy Cox.

2009 April 19, Margalit Fox, “Michael Cox, Editor and Author of ‘The Meaning of Night,’ Dies at 60”, in New York Times:

(oncology) A sarcoma of the soft tissue that originates in the pericytes in the walls of capillaries.


blood cancer

en-noun

blood cancer (countable and uncountable, plural blood cancers)

Leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma are the principal types of blood cancer.

(oncology) A form of cancer that attacks blood, bone marrow, or lymphatic system.


antileukemia

(oncology) That is used to treat leukemia


photocarcinogenesis

(oncology) The creation of cancer cells by the action of light


hepatocarcinogenic

en-adj

hepatocarcinogenic (comparative more hepatocarcinogenic, superlative most hepatocarcinogenic)

more hepatocarcinogenic (comparative)
most hepatocarcinogenic (superlative)

(pathology, oncology) Pertaining to, or causing hepatocarcinogenesis


hemangiosarcoma

en-noun

hemangiosarcoma (plural hemangiosarcomas or hemangiosarcomata)

hemangiosarcomas (plural)
hemangiosarcomata (plural)

(oncology, veterinary medicine) A fast-growing, highly invasive variety of cancer, a sarcoma arising from the lining of blood vessels, occurring almost exclusively in dogs and rarely in cats.

hemangiosarkooma

cancer arising from the lining of blood vessels


adenolipoma

(oncology) A benign lipoma of a gland containing both glandular and fat tissue.


MET

MET (countable and uncountable, plural METs or METS)

mesenchymal–epithelial transition
w:mesenchymal–epithelial transition

(oncology) Initialism of mesenchymal–epithelial transition.


dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

(oncology) A rare fibrosarcoma of the dermis.


chloroma

chloroma (plural chloromas or chloromata)

(oncology) A myeloid sarcoma, often green in tint.


comedocarcinoma

comedocarcinoma (plural comedocarcinomas or comedocarcinomata)

comedocarcinomas (plural)
comedocarcinomata (plural)

(medicine, oncology) A kind of early-stage breast cancer which demonstrates central necrosis.


bladder cancer

bladder cancer (countable and uncountable, plural bladder cancers)

(oncology) A disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder.


lymphangiosarcoma

lymphangiosarcoma (plural lymphangiosarcomas or lymphangiosarcomata)

lymphangiosarcomas (plural)
lymphangiosarcomata (plural)

(oncology) A rare malignant tumor that occurs in long-standing cases of primary or secondary lymphedema.


POG

POG (countable and uncountable, plural POGs)

(oncology, genetics) Acronym of personalized oncogenomics.


downstaging

downstaging (usually uncountable, plural downstagings)

The goal of downstaging is to decrease the size and number of tumors in patients who do not meet the criteria for transplantation on initial evaluation.

2014, Nicholas J. Zyromski, Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, →ISBN:

(oncology) A reduction in the stage of a cancer, from a more to a less threatening stage.


anticancerogenic

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress HMG-CoA reductase and have anticancerogenic properties through the induction of cell necrosis or apoptosis [19 ,20 ].

2015 September 12, “Highly Selective Anti-Cancer Activity of Cholesterol-Interacting Agents Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin and Ostreolysin A/Pleurotolysin B Protein Complex on Urothelial Cancer Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


hepatocarcinomatous

STC1 was found to be involved in inflammatory events [28, 29, 32 ] and was expressed in hepatocarcinomatous tissues [33, 34 ]; however, the role of STC1 in HCC progression is not known.

2015 October 16, “Stanniocalcin-1 Reduces Tumor Size in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(oncology) Relating to carcinomas of the liver


carcinocyte

(oncology, pathology, very rare) A single tumor cell.


non-clonal

The fibrosis accompanying PMF is non-clonal as it is secondary to cytokine stimulation of fibroblasts by the actually clonal megakaryocyte proliferation

(oncology) Not developing from one progenitor (tumor) cell.


spindle cell

(oncology) A cell in a tumour of mesenchymal origin.


KSHV

(virology, oncology) Initialism of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.


glio-

# From glia + -o-.
# From Ancient Greek γλία (glía, “glue”).

glioblastoma, gliomyoma


neuro-oncology

(neuroscience, oncology) The scientific study of brain neoplasms


epigenotoxic

BD is also an epigenotoxic agent. BD-induced genotoxic and epigenotoxic events have been shown to be due to interstrain differences (Koturbashet al.,2011).

2012, Saura C. Sahu, Toxicology and Epigenetics, →ISBN:

1,3-Butadiene is a common carcinogenic environmental contaminant and is considered an epigenotoxic agent (i.e., it affects DNA and histone methylation).

2015, Trygve Tollefsbol, Personalized Epigenetics, →ISBN, page 256:

(oncology) Capable of causing damage to the way by DNA sequences are activated or deactivated, leading to cancer.


oncodevelopmental

(oncology) Relating to the development of a cancer


cholangioblast

(oncology) a blastoma composed of cholangiocytes


NSCLC

non-small-cell lung cancer
w:Non-small-cell lung carcinoma

non-small-cell lung carcinoma
w:non-small-cell lung carcinoma

(oncology) Initialism of non-small-cell lung cancer or initialism of non-small-cell lung carcinoma.


comedonecrosis

(medicine, oncology) The central necrosis of cancer cells within involved ducts of a comedocarcinoma.


BCAR

(proteomics, oncology) Acronym of breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein.

(genetics, oncology) Acronym of breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance gene.


xanthomyeloma

xanthomyeloma (plural xanthomyelomas or xanthomyelomata)

xanthomyelomas (plural)
xanthomyelomata (plural)

Xanthomyelomas are in most cases connected with tendon sheaths and constitute the commonest type of tendon-sheath tumor.

1924, International Medical and Surgical Survey, page 650:

The complete absence of fat from the tumour seemed to show that it differed from a xanthomyeloma of a tendon sheath.

1925, Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain), Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, page 17:

(pathology, oncology) A lipid-filled myeloma associated primarily with tendon sheaths.


melanomatosis

From melanoma (“black tumor”) + -osis (“disease”).

(oncology, pathology) A condition in which multiple melanomas are present on the body.


APML

acute promyelocytic leukemia
acute promyelocytic leukemia#English

(oncology, hematology) Initialism of acute promyelocytic leukemia.


SCLC

SCLC (countable and uncountable, plural SCLCs)

(oncology) Initialism of small-cell lung cancer.


hemangioendothelioblastoma

From hemangio- (“blood vessel”) + endothelio- (“endothelium”) + blastoma (“a tumour that is caused by malignancies in precursor cells or blasts”).

pre

(oncology) A rare tumor composed of cells with characteristics of both endothelial cells and primitive cells, typically found in the liver or other soft tissues of the body.


DFSP

dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans#English

(oncology) Abbreviation of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.


MRD

en-noun

MRD (countable and uncountable, plural MRDs)

minimal residual disease
w:minimal residual disease

(oncology) Initialism of minimal residual disease.


bone cancer

bone cancer (countable and uncountable, plural bone cancers)

(oncology) A disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bones.


prostate cancer

prostate cancer (countable and uncountable, plural prostate cancers)

(oncology, pathology) Cancer of the prostate gland.


H&NC

H&NC (countable and uncountable, plural H&NCs)

head and neck cancer
w:head and neck cancer

(oncology, pathology) Initialism of head and neck cancer.


radioleukemia

radioleukemia (countable and uncountable, plural radioleukemias)

We have just seen the C57 BI mice are sensitive to the extract of radioleukaemia—as young AkR are sensitive to superinfection with the AkR virus. This fact is not favourable to the proviral hypothesis. However, it does not rule it out if one supposes that the ‘virogenized’ cells may be different from those which the virus cancerizes.

1962, R. Latarjet, J-F. Duplan, L. Chamaillard, P. Monnot, A. Palaysi, “Experiment and discussion on leukaemogenesis by cell-free extracts of radiation-induced leukaemia in mice”, in International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, page 342:

(oncology, uncommon) Leukemia induced by radiation.


metaplastic carcinoma

metaplastic carcinoma (countable and uncountable, plural metaplastic carcinomas)

(medicine, oncology) A heterogeneous group of cancers that exhibit varied patterns of metaplasia and differentiation along multiple cell lines.


small-cell carcinoma

small-cell carcinoma (plural small-cell carcinomas)

(medicine, oncology) A type of highly malignant cancer that most commonly arises within the lung.


turbo cancer

turbo cancer (countable and uncountable, plural turbo cancers)

(medicine, oncology) A type of fast-developing cancer purported to occur in people who have been vaccinated against COVID-19, especially with mRNA vaccines.


penile cancer

penile cancer (countable and uncountable, plural penile cancers)

(oncology) Cancer of the skin or tissues of the penis.


time delay toxin activation

(oncology, pharmacology) A process for producing a class of chemotherapy drugs which can be administered in a nontoxic form and, subsequent to a time delay, allows for a differential concentration in the target cancer or invasive tissues or cells, minimizing the toxicity to healthy cells, thereby reducing the adverse side effects of chemotherapy.


Warburg effect

Named after Otto Heinrich Warburg who first published the observation.

oxidative phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation

(oncology) The observation that most cancer cells release energy predominantly not through the 'usual' citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria as observed in normal cells, but through a less efficient process of 'anaerobic glycolysis' consisting of a high level of glucose uptake and glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation taking place in the cytosol, not the mitochondria, even in the presence of abundant oxygen.


prostatic acid phosphatase

prostatic acid phosphatase (usually uncountable, plural prostatic acid phosphatases)

(biochemistry, oncology) An enzyme produced by the prostate, which may be found in increased amounts in men who have prostate cancer or other diseases.


ovarian cancer

ovarian cancer (countable and uncountable, plural ovarian cancers)

(oncology) A cancerous tumor of an ovary.