screw

From Middle English screw, scrue (“screw”); apparently, despite the difference in meaning, from Old French escroue (“nut, cylindrical socket, screwhole”), from Latin scrōfa (“female pig”) through comparison with the corkscrew shape of a pig's penis. There is also the Old French escruve (“screw”), from Old Dutch *scrūva ("screw"; whence Middle Dutch schruyve (“screw”)), which probably influenced or conflated with the aforementioned, resulting in the Middle English word.
more on the etymology of screw
Old French escroue (whence Medieval Latin scrofa (“nut, screwhole”)), is believed to be an adaptation of Latin scrōfa (“sow, female pig”); but this development is not found in other Romance languages. (For change in meaning, compare also Spanish puerca, Portuguese porca, both ‘sow; screw nut’, and is based on the fact that a boar's penis has a screw-like tip, making the sow's vulva equivalent to a screw nut by analogy).
Old Dutch *scrūva possibly derives from Proto-Germanic *skrūbō (“screw”), from *skru- (“to cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keru-, *(s)ker- (“to cut”), and is related to German Schraube (“screw”), Low German schruve, schruwe (“screw”), Dutch schroef (“screw”), West Frisian skroef (“screw”), Danish skrue (“screw”), Swedish skruv (“screw, peg”), Icelandic skrúfa (“screw”).
Compare also Occitan escrofa (“screw nut”), Calabrese scrufina (“screw nut”), which may be borrowings of the Old French word, or parallel developments.

gloss

"screw"; whence Middle Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="dum">schruyve</i> (“screw”)

шрүп

predominant in Mongolia, unstandardised spelling

the first turn of the screw pays all debts


screw

en-verb

screw (third-person singular simple present screws, present participle screwing, simple past and past participle screwed)

screws (present singular third-person)
screwing (participle present)
screwed (participle past)
screwed (past)

have one's head screwed on the right way

would lose one's head if it wasn't screwed on

The visitors could have added an instant second, but Rooney screwed an ugly attempt high into Hennessey's arms after Berbatov cleverly found the unmarked England striker.

2011 February 5, Chris Whyatt, “Wolverhampton 2 - 1 Man Utd”, in BBC:

(soccer, transitive) To miskick (a ball) by hitting it with the wrong part of the foot.

(billiards, snooker, pool) To screw back.


york

york (third-person singular simple present yorks, present participle yorking, simple past and past participle yorked)

yorks (present singular third-person)
yorking (participle present)
yorked (participle past)
yorked (past)

(cricket) to bowl a yorker at a batsman, especially to get a batsman out in this way.


problem

→ Welsh: problem

From Middle English probleme, from Middle French probleme, from Latin problema, from Ancient Greek πρόβλημα (próblēma, “anything thrown forward, hindrance, obstacle, anything projecting, a headland, promontory”), from προβάλλω (probállō, “to throw or lay something in front of someone, to put forward”), from προ- (pro-, “in front of”) + βάλλω (bállō, “to throw, to cast, to hurl”).

der

(climbing) A set of moves required to complete a climb.


mast

(bodybuilding slang) The anabolic steroid drostanolone propionate, also known as Masteron


mast

From French masse, with -t probably after Etymology 1, above.

Godfrey thus conquered, pretended to lose his temper, curs'd his own ill luck, swore that the table had a cast, and that the balls did not run true, changed his mast, and with great warmth challenged his enemy to double his sum.

1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:

(obsolete, billiards) A type of heavy cue, with the broad end of which one strikes the ball.


quick

From Middle English quik, quic, from Old English cwic (“alive”), from Proto-West Germanic *kwiku, from Proto-Germanic *kwikwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”), *gʷeyh₃w- (“to live”).
Cognate with Dutch kwik, kwiek, German keck, Danish kvik (“quick, quick-witted”) and Danish kæk (“bold; spirited”), Swedish kvick; and (from Indo-European) with Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “life”), Latin vivus, Lithuanian gývas (“alive”), Latvian dzīvs (“alive”), Russian живо́й (živój), Polish żywy (“alive”), Welsh byw (“alive”), Irish beo (“alive”), biathaigh (“feed”), Northern Kurdish jîn (“to live”), jiyan (“life”), giyan (“soul”), can (“soul”), Sanskrit जीव (jīva, “living”), Albanian nxit (“to urge, stimulate”). Doublet of jiva.


pure

en-verb

pure (third-person singular simple present pures, present participle puring, simple past and past participle pured)

pures (present singular third-person)
puring (participle present)
pured (participle past)
pured (past)

From Middle English pure, pur, from Old French pur, from Latin pūrus (“clean, free from dirt or filth, unmixed, plain”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to cleanse, purify”). Displaced native Middle English lutter (“pure, clear, sincere”) (from Old English hlūtor, hluttor), Middle English skere (“pure, sheer, clear”) (from Old English scǣre and Old Norse skǣr), Middle English schir (“clear, pure”) (from Old English scīr), Middle English smete, smeate (“pure, refined”) (from Old English smǣte; compare Old English mǣre (“pure”)).

noncog

Tiger Woods pured his first drive straight down the middle of the fairway.

(golf) To hit (the ball) completely cleanly and accurately.


pot

From Middle English pot, potte, from Old English pott (“pot”) and Old French pot (“pot”) (probably from Frankish *pott); both Old English and Frankish from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot”), from Proto-Indo-European *budnós (“a type of vessel”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Pot (“pot”), Dutch pot (“pot”), German Low German Pott (“pot”), German Pott (“pot”), Swedish potta (“chamber pot”), Icelandic pottur (“tub, pot”), Old Armenian պոյտն (poytn, “pot, earthen pot”). Also, Old Norse pottr (“pot, tub, basin”).
The sense of ruin or deterioration was originally a general allusion to "being chopped up and tossed in a (normally fiery) pot, like a piece of meat" (i.e. to get wasted or done with (by someone)). The 'clean' slang term which was used in reference to toilet rooms and lavatories apparently derives from English chamberpots, although now usually encountered as potty in the context of children's toilet training.

pussitus

cue sports: act of causing a ball to fall into a pocket

not have a pot to piss in or a window to throw it out of

(UK, horse-racing, slang) A favorite: a heavily-backed horse.


pot

en-verb

pot (third-person singular simple present pots, present participle potting, simple past and past participle potted)

pots (present singular third-person)
potting (participle present)
potted (participle past)
potted (past)

(snooker, pool, billiards, transitive) To cause a ball to fall into a pocket.

The black ball doesn't pot; the red is in the way.

(snooker, pool, billiards, intransitive) To be capable of being potted.

With five minutes to go, Trevathan potted his second goal, and finally it was the fullback Taylor who scored.

1967, Arthur H. Carman, Ranfurly Shield Rugby, page 139:

He played for the Oxford Australians against their Cambridge counterparts, and even potted a few goals at picnic Rugby matches.

1998, Geoffrey Serle: In Tribute, page 20:

(rugby, transitive) To score (a drop goal).


Nassau

Borrowed from German Nassau, from German nass (“wet”). The Bahamian city is named after the German one.

(golf, gambling) A wager consisting essentially of three separate bets, for the best score on each of the front nine (holes 1–9), back nine (holes 10–18), and total 18 holes.


chop

→ Japanese: チョップ

From Middle English choppen, chappen (“to chop”), of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, or a variant of chap (“to become cracked”).
Cognate with Scots chap (“to chop”). Compare also Saterland Frisian kappe, kapje (“to hack; chop; lop off”), Dutch kappen (“to chop, cut, hew”), German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”), German kappen (“to cut; clip”), German dialectal chapfen, kchapfen (“to chop into small pieces”), Albanian copë (“piece, chunk”), Old English *ċippian (in forċippian (“to cut off”)). Perhaps related to chip.

cog

A karate chop.

(martial arts) A blow delivered with the hand rigid and outstretched.


chop

en-verb

chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

chops (present singular third-person)
chopping (participle present)
chopped (participle past)
chopped (past)

(transitive, baseball) To hit the ball downward so that it takes a high bounce.


lunch

en-noun

lunch (countable and uncountable, plural lunches)

→ Bengali: লাঞ্চ (lanco)

→ Cantonese: lunch

→ Dutch: lunch

→ French: lunch

→ German: Lunch

→ Japanese: ランチ (ranchi)

→ Korean: 런치 (reonchi)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: lunsj

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: lunsj

→ Polish: lunch

→ Portuguese: lanche

→ Russian: ланч (lanč), ленч (lenč)

→ Spanish: lonche

→ Swedish: lunch

→ Ukrainian: ланч (lanč)

→ Yiddish: לאָנטש (lontsh)

Recorded since 1580 in the sense “piece, hunk”. The word luncheon with the same meaning is presumable an extension on the pattern of puncheon (“cask”) and truncheon (“cudgel”). But earliest found forms include lunshin and lunching, which are equivalent to lunch + -ing, with the suffix -ing possibly later modified to simulate a French origin.
The sense “light meal” is first attested for luncheon in 1652 and for lunch in 1829, so in this sense the latter is probably a shortening of the former.
Lunch is possibly a derivative of lump (as hunch is from hump. See hunch for more), or represents an alteration of nuncheon, from Middle English nonechenche (“light midday meal”) (see nuncheon) and altered by northern English dialect lunch (“hunk of bread or cheese”) (1590), which perhaps is from lump or from Spanish lonja (“a slice”, literally “loin”).

cog

there ain't no such thing as a free lunch

(cricket) A break in play between the first and second sessions.


pilot

→ Dari: پیلوت (pilot)

→ Hindi: पायलट (pāylaṭ)

→ Japanese: パイロット (pairotto)

→ Korean: 파일럿 (pailleot)

→ Northern Kurdish: pîlot

From Middle French pilot, pillot, from Italian pilota, piloto, older also pedotta, pedot(t)o (the form in pil- is probably influenced by pileggiare (“to sail, navigate”)); ultimately from unattested Byzantine Greek *πηδώτης (*pēdṓtēs, “helmsman”), from Ancient Greek πηδόν (pēdón, “blade of an oar, oar”), hence also Ancient and Modern Greek πηδάλιον (pēdálion, “rudder”).


switch

Perhaps from Middle Dutch swijch (“twig”). First attested in c. 1592.

(snowboarding) Pertaining to riding with the front and back feet swapped round compared to one's normal position.


gear

en-noun

gear (countable and uncountable, plural gears)

From Middle English gere, a borrowing from Old Norse gervi, from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną (“to prepare”). See also adjective yare, yar from the same root via Old English.

der

(countable, automotive, cycling) A particular combination or choice of interlocking gears, such that a particular gear ratio is achieved.

зъбна предавка

a particular combination or choice of interlocking gears


campaign

→ Hebrew: קמפיין (kampéin)

From French campagne, from Italian campagna (“field, military operation”), from Late Latin campānia (“open country, battlefield”), from Latin campus (“field”). Doublet of campania, campagna, and champagne.

doublet

(sports) A player or team's efforts during a sporting season.


fork

Sranan Tongo: forku

→ Dutch: fork

→ Japanese: フォーク (fōku)

→ Kannada: ಫೋರ್ಕ್ (phōrk)

→ Korean: 포크 (pokeu)

→ Maori: paoka

→ Tamil: போர்க் (pōrk)

→ Telugu: ఫోర్క్ (phōrk)

From Middle English forke (“digging fork”), from Old English force, forca (“forked instrument used to torture”), from Proto-West Germanic *furkō (“fork”), from Latin furca (“pitchfork, forked stake; gallows, beam, stake, support post, yoke”), of uncertain origin. The Middle English word was later reinforced by Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French forque (= Old French forche whence French fourche), also from the Latin. Cognate also with North Frisian forck (“fork”), Dutch vork (“fork”), Danish fork (“fork”), German Forke (“pitchfork”). Displaced native gafol, ġeafel, ġeafle (“fork”), from Old English.
In its primary sense of “fork”, Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).

tienhaara

figurative: point in time of making a decision

odnož

computer science: copying and separately developing a project

bifurcació

computer science: a separately developed project based upon a copy of an existing project

a three-prong spear somewhat resembling a pitchfork

The fork can be equipped with a suspension on mountain bikes.

(cycling, motorcycling, by abstraction from a pronged tool's shape) In a bicycle or motorcycle, the portion of the frameset holding the front wheel, allowing the rider to steer and balance, also called front fork.


pair

en-noun

pair (plural pairs or (archaic or dialectal) pair)

pairs (plural)
pair (archaic dialectal plural)

→ Tokelauan: pea

From Middle English paire, from Old French paire, from Latin paria (“equals”), neuter plural of par (“pair”). Related to pār (“equal”, adj). Compare Saterland Frisian Poor (“pair”), West Frisian pear (“pair”), Dutch paar (“pair”), German Paar (“pair”), Italian paio (“pair”)

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

(cricket) A score of zero runs (a duck) in both innings of a two-innings match.

They turned a pair to end the fifth.

(baseball, informal) A double play, two outs recorded in one play.

The Pirates took a pair from the Phillies.

(baseball, informal) A doubleheader, two games played on the same day between the same teams


heat

heat (countable and uncountable, plural heats)

From Middle English hete, from Old English hǣtu, from Proto-West Germanic *haitī, from Proto-Germanic *haitį̄ (“heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *keHy- (“heat; hot”). Cognate with Scots hete (“heat”), North Frisian hiet (“heat”), Old High German heizī (“heat”). Related also to Dutch hitte (“heat”), German Hitze (“heat”), Swedish hetta (“heat”), Icelandic hiti (“heat”).

op hitte

condition where a mammal is aroused sexually or where it is especially fertile

The catcher called for the heat, high and tight.

professional wrestling
professional wrestling

(professional wrestling slang) A negative reaction from the audience, especially as a heel (or bad character), or in general.


clap

From Middle English clappen, from Old English clæppan, from Proto-Germanic *klappōną. Cognate with Dutch klappen, Icelandic klappa, Faroese klappa and Danish klappe.

(falconry) The nether part of the beak of a hawk.


belt

→ Afrikaans: belt

→ Assamese: বেল্ট (belto)

→ Bengali: বেল্ট (belṭo)

→ Dutch: belt

→ Hindi: बेल्ट (belṭ)

→ Irish: beilt

→ Japanese: ベルト (beruto)

→ Odia: ବେଲ୍ଟ୍ (belṭ)

→ Urdu: بیلٹ (belṭ)

→ Welsh: belt

From Middle English belt, from Old English belt (“belt, girdle”), from Proto-West Germanic *baltī̆, from Proto-Germanic *baltijaz (“girdle, belt”), from Latin balteus (“belt, sword-belt”), of Etruscan origin. Cognate with Scots belt (“belt”), Dutch belt, German Balz (“belt”), Danish bælte (“belt”), Swedish bälte (“belt, cincture, girdle, zone”) and Icelandic belti (“belt”).

cog

That umpire called that pitch a strike at the belt.

(baseball) The part of the strike zone at the height of the batter's waist.


belt

en-verb

belt (third-person singular simple present belts, present participle belting, simple past and past participle belted)

belts (present singular third-person)
belting (participle present)
belted (participle past)
belted (past)

He belted that pitch over the grandstand.

(transitive, baseball) To hit a pitched ball a long distance, usually for a home run.


rust

en-noun

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).
Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”), Finnish ruoste, Estonian rooste. Related to red.

ҡыҙғылт көрән

qıźğılt körən

front-runner-itis runs: rust: myrtle rust

(philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.


goalie

→ German: Goalie

Clipping of goalkeeper, goaltender + -ie.

(sports, colloquial) A goalkeeper or goaltender.

вратар

colloquial form of goalkeeper or goaltender


goalie

en-verb

goalie (third-person singular simple present goalies, present participle goalieing, simple past and past participle goalied)

goalies (present singular third-person)
goalieing (participle present)
goalied (participle past)
goalied (past)

(ice hockey, colloquial, intransitive) To act as a goalie, to tend the goals, to mind the net.


pop

en-noun

pop (countable and uncountable, plural pops)

From Middle English pop, poppe (“a blow; strike; buffet”) (> Middle English poppen (“to strike; thrust”, verb)), of onomatopoeic origin – used to describe the sound, or short, sharp actions. The physics sense is part of a facetious sequence "snap, crackle, pop", after the mascots of Rice Krispies cereal.

cog

(professional wrestling slang) A (usually very) loud audience reaction.


pop

en-verb

pop (third-person singular simple present pops, present participle popping, simple past and past participle popped)

pops (present singular third-person)
popping (participle present)
popped (participle past)
popped (past)

Let the poppers pop and the breakers break / We're cool, cool cats, it's like that

1985, “King of Rock”, performed by Run-DMC:

(dance) To perform the popping style of dance.


ship

ship (third-person singular simple present ships, present participle shipping, simple past and past participle shipped)

ships (present singular third-person)
shipping (participle present)
shipped (participle past)
shipped (past)

From Middle English schippen, schipen, from Old English sċipian, from Proto-Germanic *skipōną, from Proto-Germanic *skipą (“ship”).

Twins ship Delmon Young to Tigers.

(sports) To trade or send a player to another team.

treidata

sports: to trade a player to another team

England were shipping penalties at an alarming rate - five in the first 15 minutes alone - and with Wilkinson missing three long-distance pots of his own in the first 20 minutes, the alarm bells began to ring for Martin Johnson's men.

2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport:

They shipped penalties, lost field position, and in the second-half, having retreated to the changing room buoyed by Dougie Fife’s well-worked try, found themselves ceding two-thirds of the territory and with it, the lion’s share of the ball.

2015 February 11, “Six Nations: Scotland raw but capable of improving”, in The Scotsman:

(rugby) To bungle a kick and give the opposing team possession.


sail

en-noun

sail (countable and uncountable, plural sails)

From Middle English saile, sayle, seil, seyl, from Old English seġl, from Proto-West Germanic *segl, from Proto-Germanic *seglą. Cognate with West Frisian seil, Low German Segel, Dutch zeil, German Segel, Danish sejl, Swedish segel.

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails

We caught three sails today.


steam

steam (usually uncountable, plural steams)

From Middle English steem, stem, from Old English stēam (“steam, hot exhalation, hot breath; that which emits vapour; blood”), from Proto-Germanic *staumaz (“steam, vapour, breath”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to whirl, waft, stink, shake; steam, haze, smoke”). Cognate with Scots stem, steam (“steam”), West Frisian steam (“steam, vapour”), Dutch stoom (“steam, vapour”), Low German stom (“steam”), Swedish dialectal stimma (“steam, fog”), Latin fūmus (“smoke, steam”).

der

(fencing) Fencing without the use of any electric equipment.


builder

destroyer

antonym(s) of “a person who builds or constructs things”

From Middle English byldere, buyldere, perhaps dissimilated (with change of suffix) from Old English bylda (“builder”), equivalent to build + -er. Compare also Old English bȳtla (“hammerer, builder”).

In the competitions, bodybuilders go through "mandatories"—a set of mandatory poses—in the morning, where the judges compare the body parts of the builders.

1991, Samuel Wilson Fussell, chapter 4, in Muscle: Confessions of an Unlikely Bodybuilder:


arrow

From Middle English arwe, from Old English earh (oblique form ēarw-), from Proto-West Germanic *arhu, from Proto-Germanic *arhwō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érkʷo- (“bow, arrow”). Cognate with Faroese ørv (“arrow”), Icelandic ör (“arrow”), örvar (“arrows”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌽𐌰 (arƕazna, “dart”), Latin arcus (“bow”).

The Citizens in their rage, imagining that euery poſt in the Churche had bin one of yᵉ Souldyers, ſhot habbe or nabbe at randon^([sic – meaning random]) uppe to the Roode lofte, and to the Chancell, leauing ſome of theyr arrowes ſticking in the Images.

1577, Raphaell Holinshed, “[The Historie of Irelande […].] The Thirde Booke of the Historie of Ireland, Comprising the Raigne of Henry the Eyght: ….”, in The Firste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume I, London: […] [Henry Bynneman] for Iohn Hunne, →OCLC, pages 77–78, column 2:

Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

(archery) A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.

střela f (dated, now means "projectile")

strela f (dated, now means "projectile")


center

* Borrowed from Middle French centre, from Latin centrum, from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron), from κεντεῖν (kenteîn, “to prick, goad”). Doublet of centrum.
* (group theory): In the notation Z(G), the letter Z derives from the German Zentrum (“center”).

sentrum

point equidistant from all points on the perimeter of a circle

مَرْكَز

point in the interior of figure with mean coordinates

(sports) A player in the middle of a playing area.

(basketball) The player, generally the tallest, who plays closest to the basket.

(ice hockey) The forward that generally plays between the left wing and right wing and usually takes the faceoffs.

(American football, Canadian football) The person who holds the ball at the beginning of each play.

(netball) A player who can go all over the court, except the shooting circles.

Bent twice sent efforts wide of the far post after cutting in from the left, Wellbeck missed his kick from an inviting centre and failed to get on the end of a looping pass when six yards out.

2010 December 28, Owen Phillips, “Sunderland 0 - 2 Blackpool”, in BBC:

(soccer) A pass played into the centre of the pitch.

centr

soccer: pass into the center of the pitch

Gatland's side got back to within striking distance when fly-half Jones's clever pass sent centre Jonathan Davies arcing round Shontayne Hape.

2011 February 4, Gareth Roberts, “Wales 19-26 England”, in BBC:

(rugby) One of the backs operating in a central area of the pitch, either the inside centre or outside centre.


turn over

en-verb

turn over (third-person singular simple present turns over, present participle turning over, simple past and past participle turned over)

turns over (present singular third-person)
turning over (participle present)
turned over (participle past)
turned over (past)

The Giants didn't turn the ball over in their last four games.

(transitive, sports) To give up control (of the ball and thus the ability to score).


turn in

turn in (third-person singular simple present turns in, present participle turning in, simple past and past participle turned in)

turns in (present singular third-person)
turning in (participle present)
turned in (participle past)
turned in (past)

At that point Leicester were playing with drive and ambition but they were undone by two goals in three minutes. First, Vieira turned in a rebound after the defender Souleymane Bamba had blocked David Silva's shot on the line.

2011 January 18, Daniel Taylor, “Manchester City 4 Leicester City 2”, in Guardian Online:

(soccer) To convert a goal using a turning motion of the body.


way

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Rhenish glass containing 60 bunches.


stand back

stand back (third-person singular simple present stands back, present participle standing back, simple past and past participle stood back)

stands back (present singular third-person)
standing back (participle present)
stood back (participle past)
stood back (past)

(intransitive, cricket) (of a wicket-keeper) to stand a long way behind the wicket so as to catch balls from a fast bowler


turnover

en-noun

turnover (countable and uncountable, plural turnovers)

The Nimrods committed another dismaying turnover en route to another humiliating loss.

Australia’s 18 turnovers were a costly case of self-harm. So, too, were the two interception tries that ultimately wrecked any chance of Michael Cheika’s side ending their recent grim sequence against the Poms.

2019 October 19, Robert Kitson, “England into World Cup semi-finals after bruising victory over Australia”, in The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media:

(sports) A loss of possession of the ball without scoring.


knock off

en-verb

knock off (third-person singular simple present knocks off, present participle knocking off, simple past and past participle knocked off)

knocks off (present singular third-person)
knocking off (participle present)
knocked off (participle past)
knocked off (past)

→ Dutch: afnokken (calque)

In the verb sense of stopping work, said to be from the practice aboard slave galleys to have a man beat time for the rowers by knocking on a block or drum; when he stopped, the rowers could rest.

faligi

to remove by hitting, to hit (something) off

The Hammers knocked off Arsenal on the strength of a 78th-minute tally from Jarrod Bowen.

(transitive, slang) To kill.
(sports, by extension) To defeat.


foible

1640–50, from Early Modern Middle French foible (“feeble”) (contemporary French faible). Doublet of feeble.

(fencing) Part of a sword between the middle and the point, weaker than the forte.


promo

(professional wrestling slang) an interview or monologue intended to promote a character or an upcoming match.


stand up

stand up (third-person singular simple present stands up, present participle standing up, simple past and past participle stood up)

stands up (present singular third-person)
standing up (participle present)
stood up (participle past)
stood up (past)

Tok Pisin: sanap

From Middle English standen up, from Old English standan up; equivalent to stand + up. Compare Old Norse standa upp.

(intransitive, cricket, of a wicket-keeper) To stand immediately behind the wicket so as to catch balls from a slow or spin bowler, and to attempt to stump the batsman.


Byzantine

en-noun

Byzantine (countable and uncountable, plural Byzantines)

From Late Latin byzantinus, itself from Byzantium. The metaphorical senses evoke the reputation for palace intrigue of the Byzantium imperial court.

(numismatics) Alternative form of byzantine (coin)


knockout

→ Belarusian: нака́ўт (nakáŭt)

→ Portuguese: nocaute

→ Russian: нока́ут (nokáut)

→ Spanish: nocaut

→ Ukrainian: нока́ут (nokáut)

the knockout stages of the competition

In truth, Tottenham never really looked like taking all three points and this defeat means they face a battle to reach the knockout stages -with their next home game against PAOK Salonika on 30 November likely to prove decisive.

2011 November 3, Chris Bevan, “Rubin Kazan 1 - 0 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) A tournament in which a team or player must beat the opponent in order to progress to the next round.


side

side (countable and uncountable, plural sides)

From Middle English side, from Old English sīde (“side, flank”), from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ (“side, flank, edge, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēy- (“to send, throw, drop, sow, deposit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Siede (“side”), West Frisian side (“side”), Dutch zijde, zij (“side”), German Low German Sied (“side”), German Seite (“side”), Danish and Norwegian side (“side”), Swedish sida (“side”).

der

know which side one's bread is buttered on

laugh out of the other side of one's mouth

not be able to hit the broad side of a barn

the apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest

the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence

the grass is always greener on the other side of the road

He had to put a bit of side on to hit the pink ball.

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) Sidespin; english

Clayton Kershaw struck out the side in the 6th inning.

(baseball) The batters faced in an inning by a particular pitcher.


berth

The noun is derived from Late Middle English birth (“(nautical) bearing away or off, clearance, berth”); further etymology uncertain, probably from beren (“to carry (away), bear”) + -th (suffix denoting a condition, quality, state of being, etc., forming nouns), Beren is derived from Old English beran (“to carry, hold, bear”), from Proto-West Germanic *beran (“to carry, bear”), from Proto-Germanic *beraną (“to carry, bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”), from *bʰer- (“to carry, bear”). If so, the English word is analysable as bear + -th (suffix forming nouns from verbs), and is a piecewise doublet of birth.
The verb is derived from the noun.

pelivara

(nautical) sufficient space in the water for a ship or other vessel to lie at anchor or manoeuvre; (figurative) sufficient room or space for manoeuvring or safety

A position or seed in a tournament bracket.

místo

Olivier Giroud then entered the fray and [Theo] Walcott reverted to his more familiar berth on the right wing, quickly creating his side's fifth goal by crossing for Giroud to send a plunging header into the net from close range.

2012 December 29, Paul Doyle, “Arsenal's Theo Walcott hits hat-trick in thrilling victory over Newcastle”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-08-16:

(figurative)
(sports)
A position on a field of play.


prototype

/ˈpɹəʊtətʌɪp/

From French prototype or Late Latin prototypon, from Ancient Greek πρωτότυπος (prōtótupos, “original; prototype”), from πρωτο- (prōto-, “first”) (from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first; earliest”)) + τῠ́πος (túpos, “blow, pressing; sort, type”) (from τύπτω (túptō, “to beat, strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp- (“to push; to stick”)). The word is analysable as proto- + -type.

der

(motor racing) A type of race car, a racing sports car not based on a production car. A 4-wheeled cockpit-seating car built especially for racing on sports car circuits, that does not use the silhouette related to a consumer road car.


against the grain

/əˈɡɛnst ðə ɡɹeɪn/

(woodworking, of sanding or planing a piece of wood) Preventing a smooth, level surface from being formed by raising the nap of the wood or causing larger splinters to form ahead of the cutting tool below the cutting surface.


slave

Inherited from Middle English sclave, from Old French sclave, from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”), from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), traditionally assumed to be because Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages. The Latin word is from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos); see that entry and Slav for more. Displaced native Old English þēow. Thrall and bondsman/bondswoman, however, remain common synonyms. Doublet of ciao and Slav.
An alternative hypothesis derives sclavus from Ancient Greek σκῡλεύω (skūleúō), σκῡλάω (skūláō, “to strip or despoil a slain enemy”).

If you administer your own reverse DNS zones, remember to include them in your slave configuration.

2011, Roderick W. Smith, LPIC-2 Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:

(engineering, computing, photography) A device (such as a secondary flash or hard drive) that is subject to the control of another (a master).

slave

device that is controlled by another device


climber

From Middle English climber, clymber, clymbare (“one who climbs, climber”), from climben (“to climb; to ascend, fly upward, rise; to slope upwards; to approach God in prayer; to advance; to overcome, triumph; to aspire; to be presumptuous”) + -er, -ere (suffix forming agent nouns). The English word is analysable as climb (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).

affix

(climbing) Synonym of climbing iron (“a kind of crampon attached to the shoe to aid with climbing”)


rock

en-noun

rock (countable and uncountable, plural rocks)

From Middle English rocke, rokke (“rock formation”), from Old English *rocc (“rock”), as in Old English stānrocc (“high stone rock, peak, obelisk”), and also later from Anglo-Norman roque, (compare Modern French roc, roche, rocher), from Medieval Latin rocca (attested 767), of uncertain origin, sometimes said to be of Celtic (in particular, perhaps Gaulish) origin (compare Breton roc'h). Related also to Middle Low German rocke (“rock ledge”).

rockcress

Brassicaceae: Arabis, Arabidopsis, Boechera spp.

Yo homie, pass the rock!

It [the original Space Jam limped to 88 minutes with detours into Jordan’s swanky mansion and forced its cartoon cavalry to compete for screen time against Wayne Knight and a bunch of basketball players who delivered their lines much less confidently than they put the rock through the net.

2021 July 14, A. A. Dowd, “Space Jam: A New Legacy is one big, witless commercial for Warner Bros. properties”, in The A.V. Club:

Now, you should never make the last out of an inning at third, and when a player does it, everyone knows he pulled a rock.

2014, Joe Morgan, Richard Lally, Baseball For Dummies, page 227:

(informal, cricket) A cricket ball, especially a new one that has not been softened by use


limb

From Middle English lyme, lim, from Old English lim (“limb, branch”), from Proto-West Germanic *limu, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”). Cognate with Old Norse limr (“limb”).
The spelling with the silent unetymological -b first arose in the late 1500s. Compare crumb.

(archery) The part of the bow, from the handle to the tip.


grid

Back-formation or clipping of griddle or gridiron.

McLaren's Lewis Hamilton fought up from the back of the grid to eighth, with team-mate Jenson Button taking ninth.

2012 May 13, Andrew Benson, “Williams's Pastor Maldonado takes landmark Spanish Grand Prix win”, in BBC Sport:

(motor racing) The pattern of starting positions of the drivers for a race.

graella de sortida

motor racing: the pattern of starting positions of the drivers for a race


beach

→ Japanese: ビーチ

→ Punjabi: ਬੀਚ (bīc)

→ Zulu: ibhishi

From Middle English bache, bæcche (“bank, sandbank”), from Old English beċe (“beck, brook, stream”), from Proto-West Germanic *baki, from Proto-Germanic *bakiz (“brook”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“flowing water”).
Cognate with Dutch beek (“brook, stream”), German Bach (“brook, stream”), Swedish bäck (“stream, brook, creek”). More at batch, beck.

der

(motor racing, euphemistic) Synonym of gravel trap

I never realised Lincoln was a seaside town. BRIAN LAWS Scunthorpe manager, after losing on a liberally sanded beach of a pitch

2008, Phil Shaw, The Book of Football Quotations, page 415:

The series was brought to an ironic conclusion when England became hoist by their own petard, as they lost the deciding final Test on a 'beach' of a wicket. Neither side batted well.

2012, Tim Quelch, Bent Arms & Dodgy Wickets:

(sports) A dry, dusty pitch or situation, as though playing on sand.


length

en-noun

length (countable and uncountable, plural lengths)

From Middle English lengthe, from Old English lengþ, lengþu, from Proto-West Germanic *langiþu, from Proto-Germanic *langiþō, equivalent to long + -th. Cognate with Scots lenth, lainth (“length”), Saterland Frisian Loangte (“length”), West Frisian lingte, langte (“length”), Dutch lengte (“length”), German Low German Längde, Längd, Längte, Längt (“length”), Danish længde (“length”), Swedish längd (“length”), Icelandic lengd (“length”).

(horse racing) The length of a horse, used to indicate the distance between horses at the end of a race.

(cricket) The distance down the pitch that the ball bounces on its way to the batsman.


nipple

→ Dutch: nippel

→ German: Nippel

→ Danish: nippel

→ Norwegian: nippel

From earlier neple, nypil, neble, believed to be a diminutive of nib, neb (“tip, point”), equivalent to nib + -le. Compare Old English nypel (“elephant trunk”), formed analogously as "a protuberance from one's neb" .

Turn the nipples on to the bicycle spokes only one turn, for each spoke on the new wheel all the way around until they are all snug, then check alignment.

(cycling) An internally threaded piece which holds a bicycle spoke in place on the rim.

nippel

piece to connect a bicycle spoke to the rim


octagon

From Latin octagōnon, octōgōnon (“octagon”), and from its etymon Ancient Greek ὀκτάγωνον (oktágōnon, “octagon”), probably from Koine Greek ὀκτάγωνος (oktágōnos, “having eight corners”) + -ον (-on, suffix forming nouns). ὀκτάγωνος is derived from ὀκτᾰ- (okta-, prefix meaning ‘eight’) (from ὀκτώ (oktṓ, “eight”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw (“eight”)) + γωνία (gōnía, “angle; corner”) (probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu (“knee”)); analysable as octa- + -gon. The English word is cognate with Middle French octogone (modern French octogone), Italian octagono (obsolete), ottagono, Spanish octágono, octógono.
Sense 2 (“arena for mixed martial arts”) refers to its shape.

der

(martial arts) Often in the form Octagon: the arena for mixed martial arts.


gym

Working out in commercial gyms, if anything, made my workouts worse instead of better.

2008, Lou Schuler, “Foreward”, in Nate Green, Built for Show, page xii:

Pete, I want to work out. Where is the gym?
Audio (US): (file)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

(weightlifting) A sports facility specialized for lifting weights and exercise.

gimnasium

sporting facility specialized for lifting weights and exercise


lathe

From Middle English lathe (“turning-lathe; stand”), from Old Norse hlað (“pile, heap”)—compare dialectal Danish lad (“stand, support frame”) (as in drejelad (“turning-lathe”), savelad (“saw bench”)), dialectal Norwegian la, lad (“pile, small wall”), dialectal Swedish lad (“folding table, lay of a loom”)—from hlaða (“to load”). More at lade.

inh

Coordinate term: see types of machine tools

He shaped the bedpost by turning it on a lathe.

1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
Of the windows of the village there was one yet more often occupied; for on Sundays from morning to night, and every morning when the weather was bright, one could see at the dormer-window of the garret the profile of Monsieur Binet bending over his lathe, whose monotonous humming could be heard at the Lion d'Or.

(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.


volt

(archaic, equestrianism) A circular movement in which the horse goes round in a small circle.

(archaic, fencing) A sudden movement to avoid a thrust; a parry.


borrow

en-verb

borrow (third-person singular simple present borrows, present participle borrowing, simple past and past participle borrowed)

borrows (present singular third-person)
borrowing (participle present)
borrowed (participle past)
borrowed (past)
borrow (infinitive)

carry

the equivalent reverse procedure in the inverse operation of addition

From Middle English borwen, borȝien, Old English borgian (“to borrow, lend, pledge surety for”), from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną (“to pledge, take care of”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care”).
Cognate with Dutch borgen (“to borrow, trust”), German borgen (“to borrow, lend”), Danish borge (“to vouch”). Related to Old English beorgan (“to save, preserve”). More at bury.

cog

(golf) To adjust one's aim in order to compensate for the slope of the green.


borrow

en-noun

borrow (countable and uncountable, plural borrows)

This putt has a big left-to right borrow on it.

The amount of borrow, as we term it, that must be taken from the side of any particular slope is entirely a matter of mathematical calculation, […]

1905, Harry Vardon, The Complete Golfer:

[…] slippery contours, so that in making a side hill putt more than the usual amount of borrow had to be considered.

2020, George C. Thomas, Golf Architecture in America: Its Strategy and Construction:

(golf, countable, uncountable) Deviation of the path of a rolling ball from a straight line; slope; slant.


bow

From Middle English bowe, from Old English boga, Proto-West Germanic *bogō, from Proto-Germanic *bugô.
Cognate with West Frisian boge, Dutch boog, German Bogen, Swedish båge.

strykstok

rod used for playing stringed instruments

(archery) A weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are connected by a string, used for shooting arrows.


bow

PIE word
 *bʰeh₂ǵʰús
From Middle English bowe, bowgh, a borrowing from Middle Low German bôch and/or Middle Dutch boech, from Proto-Germanic *bōguz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰus (“arm”). Cognate with Dutch boeg (“bow”), Danish bov (“bow”), Swedish bog (“bow”). Doublet of bough.

(rowing) The rower that sits in the seat closest to the bow of the boat.


tap

tap (countable and uncountable, plural taps)

The verb is derived from Middle English tappen, teppen (“to give (something) a knock or tap; to hit (something) lightly, pat, tap”), either:
* imitative of the making of a tapping sound; or
* from Old French tapper, taper (“to tap”) (modern French taper), from Frankish *tappōn, *dabbōn (“to strike”), or from Middle Low German tappen, tapen (“to rap, strike, tap”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dab- (“to strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰebʰ- (“to beat, strike; to stun; to be speechless”). Doublet of dab.
Verb sense 1.1.1 (“to arrest (someone)”) and sense 1.6 (“to choose or designate (someone) for a duty, etc.”) allude to a police officer or other person tapping someone on their shoulder to catch their attention or to select them.
The noun is derived from Middle English tap, tappe (“light blow or hit”), and then either:
* from Middle English tappen (verb) (see above); or
* from Old French tape (“light slap or touch, pat”) (modern French tape), from tapper, taper (verb) (see above).
cognates
* German tappen (“to fumble; to grope”)
* Icelandic tappa, tapsa, tæpta (“to tap”)

der

(dance) One of the metal pieces attached to the sole of a tap dancer's shoe at the toe and heel to cause a tapping sound.

rauta

one of the metal pieces attached to the sole of a tap dancer’s shoe at the toe and heel to cause a tapping sound

Now, until you get to wearing block shoes, the same sandals do for everything except tap, and the world doesn't come to an end if you just wear your tunic knickers and a shirt for tap; but when we could get the stuff there was all that changing into rompers, and we'd special satin sandals for ballet. It was change, change, all the time.

1944, Noel Streatfeild, “Cousins”, in Curtain Up (Pennant Books), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Sons, published 1964, →OCLC, page 97:

As successful commercially as it was critically, Bring in Da Noise, Bring in Da Funk established Savion Glover as the new tap superstar.

2000, Ian Driver, “Sight and Sound: Tap Dancing”, in A Century of Dance, London: Hamlyn, →ISBN, page 116, column 1:

I had one advantage: I can keep time pretty well, especially to jazz, which effectively is all tap is. I can beat out a rhythm to any tune.

2009 February 21, Patrick Kidd, “Out of the ordinary: Tap dancing”, in The Times, London: News UK, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-11-27:

In this iconic staircase number [The Little Colonel], Bill "Bojangles" Robinson tutors Shirley Temple in the art of tap.

2014 March 25, Samantha Grossman, “The 10 Best Tap Dance Scenes in Film”, in Time, New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-15:

(uncountable, dance) Ellipsis of tap dance.


aggregate

en-noun

aggregate (countable and uncountable, plural aggregates)

/ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.ɡət/

From Latin aggregātus, perfect passive participle of aggregō (“I flock together”), from ag- (combining form of ad (“to, toward”)) + gregō (“I flock or group”), from grex (“flock”). Compare gregarious.

Brazil won the first series 2-0 on aggregate before Argentina got revenge in 2012 via a penalty shootout.

12 December 2016, Associated Press, Brazil and Argentina reportedly to play friendly at MCG in 2017

(sports) The total score in a set of games between teams or competitors, usually the combination of the home and away scores.

Gesamtergebnis

sports: the total score in a set of games between teams or competitors


hitman

→ Cebuano: hitman

(soccer) A goalscorer; someone who scores goals.


reception

reception (countable and uncountable, plural receptions)

/ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/

Borrowed from Middle French reception, from Latin recipiō(n) (“the act of receiving; reception”), from recipiō (“receive”), from re- (“back”) + capiō (“I hold”).

der

Henderson can play multiple techniques, man and off, and over the last two seasons, he yielded just 20 receptions, on 44 targets, in single coverage on the boundary, according to Pro Football Focus, making him a prime candidate to start there as a rookie.

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) The act of catching a pass.


tie

From Middle English teye (“cord, chain”), from Old English tēag, tēah (“cord, chain”), from Proto-West Germanic *taugu, from Proto-Germanic *taugō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-. Compare Danish tov, Icelandic taug.

Coordinate term: draw

(cricket) The situation at the end of all innings of a match where both sides have the same total of runs (different from a draw).

I thought José was still a point down. I thought he needed another takedown to tie and pull ahead, so I ordered José to let his man up. I looked up too late, realizing that José already scored a tie. By that point, the New Jersey champion got his ...

2010, Scott Glabb, A Saint in the City: Coaching At-risk Kids to Be Champions, Tate Publishing, →ISBN, page 146:

[…] game in the championships shouldering a vast disadvantage and was in due course defeated by Egyetértés, one of the newcomers in the first league. Eger, the other novice in the championships, also took off successfully scoring a tie with the Ruha ETO.

1971, Budapress News Service, Budapress Bulletin, volume 10, issues 27-52, page 8

(sports, US) An equalizer, a run, goal, point, etc which causes participants in a competition to be placed equally or have the same score(s).

The FA Cup third round tie between Liverpool and Cardiff was their first meeting in the competition since 1957.

(sports, British) A meeting between two players or teams in a competition.

eliminatoria

sports: a meeting between two players or teams in a competition


ruse

en-noun

ruse (countable and uncountable, plural ruses)

From Middle English rūse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; circuitous course taken by a hunter to pursue a game animal”), from Old French rëuse, ruse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; trickery”) (modern French ruse (“trick, ruse; cunning, guile”)), from ruser (“to use cunning, to be crafty, beguile”), possibly from Latin rursus (“backward; on the contrary; again, in return”) or Latin recūsāre, from recūsō (“to decline, refuse; to object to, protest, reject”). Doublet of recuse and rouse in the latter case.
The verb is derived from the noun. Compare Middle French ruser (“to use cunning, to be crafty, beguile”); see further above.

cog

The boar was evidently most averse to leave the field in which he had spent so may pleasant hours of uninterrupted rest; […] He turned sharply to one flank; he stopped dead, and went away in the opposite direction as he heard the hunters gallop past; every ruse he tried, but tried in vain.

1867, J. T. Newall, chapter XVII, in Hog Hunting in the East, and Other Sports, London: Tinsley Brothers, […], →OCLC, pages 367–368:

(countable, often hunting, archaic, rare) A turning or doubling back, especially of animals to get out of the way of hunting dogs.


ruse

en-verb

ruse (third-person singular simple present ruses, present participle rusing, simple past and past participle rused)

ruses (present singular third-person)
rusing (participle present)
rused (participle past)
rused (past)

And he [the hart] fleeth then mightily and far from the hounds, that is to say he hath gone a great way from them, then he will go into the stank, and will soil therein once or twice in all the stank and then he will come out again by the same way that he went in, and then he shall ruse again the same way that he came (the length of) a bow shot or more, and then he shall ruse out of the way, for to stall or squatt to rest him, and that he doeth for he knoweth well that the hounds shall come by the fues [footing] into the stank where he was.

c. 1425, Edward, Second Duke of York [i.e., Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York], “Of the Hart and His Nature”, in W[illia]m A[dolf] Baillie-Grohman, F[lorence] Baillie-Grohman, editors, The Master of Game by Edward, Second Duke of York: The Oldest English Book on Hunting, London: Chatto & Windus, published 1909, →OCLC, page 33:

With these whelps [the hunting dogs] who know the way but are in danger of being baffled by the rusing stag, the hunter sends the reliable old harre (perseverance). He is indispensable, as he has often confronted the stag at bay.

1974, Marcelle Thiébaux, “Medieval Allegories of the Love Chase”, in The Stag of Love: The Chase in Medieval Literature, Ithaca, N.Y., London: Cornell University Press, published 2014, →ISBN, page 190:

In the parallel hunt of Octovian, the hart has rused and momentarily escaped. With the death of White, the Knight's heart is wounded and his life is endangered but he escapes for a time as does the hart, though the hunter Death will ultimately be successful in both cases.

1988, “Hunt”, in Jean-Charles Seigneuret, editor, Dictionary of Literary Themes and Motifs, volumes 1 (A–J), Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, page 642:

Sometimes the stag would throw the hounds off the scent by a series of clever ruses—for example, by retracing a part of his path and leaping dramatically in one direction. […] Ultimately, the stag would tire, and its signals of exhaustion (short rusing runs, downwind flight, and the narrowing of the toe prints) would be evident to the trackers.

1991, Thomas S. Henricks, “Sport in the Later Middle Ages”, in Disputed Pleasures: Sport and Society in Preindustrial England (Contributions to the Study of World History; no. 28), Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 46:

(intransitive, hunting, archaic, rare) Of an animal: to turn or double back to elude hunters or their hunting dogs.


grain

en-noun

grain (countable and uncountable, plural grains)

From Middle English greyn, grayn, grein, from Old French grain, grein, from Latin grānum (“seed”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm (“grain”). Doublet of corn, gram, granum, and grao.

𒊺

harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops

гран

unit of mass notionally based on grain's weight

(photography, videography) Visual texture in processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

rakeisuus

visual texture in processed photographic film


away

From Middle English away, awey, awei, oway, o wey, on way, from Old English āweġ, onweġ (“away”), originally on weġ (“on one's way; onward; on”), equivalent to a- (“on”) + way.
Cognate with Scots awa, away (“away”), Old Frisian aweg, awei (“away”), Saterland Frisian wäch, wääge (“away”), Dutch weg (“away”), German weg (“away”), Danish væk (“away”), Swedish i väg (“away; off; along”).

This is the entrance for away supporters.

Next, they are playing away in Dallas.

(chiefly sports) Not on one's home territory.

Two men away in the bottom of the ninth.

(baseball, following the noun modified) Out.

For example, immediately after every person in the group has teed off, if you are clearly the away player (perhaps because you smacked your drive into the tree closest to the tee pad), you should grab your bag and try to be the first person advancing down the fairway.

2016, Justin Menickelli, Ryan Pickens, Definitive Guide to Disc Golf:

(golf) Being the player whose ball lies farthest from the hole (or, in disc golf, whose disc lies farthest from the target).


hybrid

Known in English since 1601, but rare before c.1850. From Latin hybrida, a variant of hibrida (“a mongrel; specifically, offspring of a tame sow and a wild boar”).

mulard

of a domestic variety of mallard × female muscovy

Something of mixed origin or composition; often, a tool or technology that combines the benefits of formerly separate tools or technologies.

(cycling) A bicycle that is a compromise between a road bike and a mountain bike.

(golf) A golf club that combines the characteristics of an iron and a wood.


heater

→ Japanese: ヒーター (hītā)

Jones threw a heater under his chin.

(baseball, slang) A fastball, especially one thrown at high velocity.

(horse racing) A dead heat; a race in which two or more competitors reach the finish line simultaneously.


nutmeg

nutmeg (countable and uncountable, plural nutmegs)

→ Irish: noitmig

→ Japanese: ナツメグ (natsumegu)

→ Maori: natimeke

From Middle English notemege, notemuge, a partial translation of Medieval Latin nux muga, a variant of Medieval Latin nux muscata (“musky nut”). Compare also Old French nois mugede.
For the term used in various ball sports, see Wikipedia.

der

The same applied to Loftus-Cheek, who grew into the game after a quiet start and even had the impudence to slip the ball through Marcel Halstenberg’s legs in the first half. Nutmegs aside, Loftus-Cheek also came up with one of England’s best passes of the night, sending Jamie Vardy through the middle at the end of the first half.

2017 November 10, Daniel Taylor, “Youthful England earn draw with Germany but Lingard rues late miss”, in The Guardian (London):

(soccer, field hockey or ice hockey, basketball) The playing of the ball between the legs of an opponent.


nutmeg

en-verb

nutmeg (third-person singular simple present nutmegs, present participle nutmegging, simple past and past participle nutmegged)

nutmegs (present singular third-person)
nutmegging (participle present)
nutmegged (participle past)
nutmegged (past)

Barcelona did not just out play them, they emphatically put them in their place during that opening 45 minutes when Luis Suárez scored twice, Dani Alves struck the crossbar, Lionel Messi nutmegged David Silva and Manuel Pellegrini’s team stumbled to the interval like a side in need of smelling salts rather than half-time oranges.

2015 February 24, Daniel Taylor, “Luis Suárez strikes twice as Barcelona teach Manchester City a lesson”, in The Guardian (London):

(sports, transitive) To play the ball between the legs of (an opponent).

poorten

(soccer) to play the ball between the legs of an opponent


erase

erase (third-person singular simple present erases, present participle erasing, simple past and past participle erased)

erases (present singular third-person)
erasing (participle present)
erased (participle past)
erased (past)

record

antonym(s) of “remove markings or information”

From Latin erasus, past participle of eradere (“to scrape, to abrade”), from ex- (“out of”) + radere (“to scrape”). Compare Middle English arasen, aracen (“to eradicate, erase”). Displaced native Old English dilegian.

Jones was erased by a 6-4-3 double play.

(transitive, baseball) To remove a runner from the bases via a double play or pick off play


goal

→ Armenian: գոլ (gol)

→ Azerbaijani: qol

→ Basque: gol

→ Belarusian: гол (hol)

→ Bulgarian: гол (gol)

→ Catalan: gol

→ Central Kurdish: گۆڵ (goll)

→ Czech: gól

→ Dutch: goal

→ Esperanto: golo

→ French: goal

→ Galician: gol

→ Georgian: გოლი (goli)

→ Greek: γκολ (gkol)

→ Hungarian: gól

→ Ido: golo

→ Indonesian: gol

→ Italian: gol

→ Japanese: ゴール (gōru)

→ Korean: 골 (gol)

→ Luxembourgish: Gol

→ Maori: kōrā

→ Persian: گل (gol)

→ Polish: gol

→ Portuguese: golo

→ Romanian: gol

→ Russian: гол (gol)

→ Serbo-Croatian: го̑л (gȏl)

→ Slovak: gól

→ Slovene: gól

→ Spanish: gol

→ Swahili: goli

→ Telugu: గోలు (gōlu)

→ Turkish: gol

→ Ukrainian: гол (hol)

→ Zazaki: gol

From Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”), from Old English *gāl (“obstacle, barrier, marker”), suggested by its derivatives Old English gǣlan (“to hinder, delay, impede, keep in suspense, linger, hesitate, dupe”), and hyġegǣls (“hesitating, slow, sluggish”), hyġegǣlsa (“slow one, sluggish one”). Possibly cognate with Lithuanian gãlas (“end”), Latvian gals (“end”), Old Prussian gallan (“death”), Albanian ngalem (“to be limping, lame, paralyzed”), ngel (“to remain, linger, hesitate, get stuck”).

cog

fans behind the goal

play in goal

(sports) In many sports, an area into which the players attempt to put an object.

مَرْمًى

in many sports, an area into which the players attempt to put an object

miss a goal

concede a goal

let in a goal

(sports) The act of placing the object into the goal.

هَدَف

(sport) act of placing the object into the goal


knock

en-noun

knock (countable and uncountable, plural knocks)

From Middle English knokken, from Old English cnocian, ġecnocian, cnucian (“to knock, pound on, beat”), from Proto-West Germanic *knokōn, from Proto-Germanic *knukōną (“to knock”), a suffixed form of *knu-, *knew- (“to pound on, beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *gnew-, *gen- (“to squeeze, pinch, kink, ball up, concentrate”). The English word is cognate with Middle High German knochen (“to hit”), Old English cnuian, cnuwian (“to pound, knock”), Old Norse knoka (compare Danish knuge (“to squeeze”), Swedish knocka (“to hug”)).

He played a slow but sure knock of 35.

(baseball) A ball hit into play, especially one that becomes a hit.

(cycling, uncountable) Synonym of hunger knock


knock

en-verb

knock (third-person singular simple present knocks, present participle knocking, simple past and past participle knocked)

knocks (present singular third-person)
knocking (participle present)
knocked (participle past)
knocked (past)

knock someone into the middle of next week

(transitive, soccer) To kick a ball towards another player; to pass.

Despite enjoying more than their fair share of possession the visitors did not look like creating anything, with their lack of a killer ball painfully obvious as they harmlessly knocked the ball around outside the home side's box without ever looking like they would hurt them.

2011 January 11, Jonathan Stevenson, “West Ham 2 – 1 Birmingham”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive, baseball) To hit a ball into play.


half

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

From Middle English half, halfe from Old English healf (“half”); as a noun, 'half', 'side', 'part', from Proto-West Germanic *halb, from Proto-Germanic *halbaz.
Cognates:
Akin to Old Saxon, Old Frisian, and Dutch half, West Frisian heal, German halb, Swedish, Danish and Norwegian halv, Icelandic hálfur and Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍃 (halbs). Compare halve, behalf.

абжа

one of two equal parts into which anything may be divided

Coordinate term: quarter

An association football match usually consists of two halves of 45 minutes each.

One of two usually roughly equal parts into which anything may be divided, or considered as divided.

(sports) One of two equal periods into which a game is divided.

However, the hosts hit back and hit back hard, first replacement hooker Andrew Hore sliding over, then Williams careering out of his own half and leaving several defenders for dead before flipping the ball to Nonu to finish off a scintillating move.

2011 September 16, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: New Zealand 83-7 Japan”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) One of the two opposite parts of the playing field of various sports, in which each starts the game.

(sports) abbreviated form for half marathon.


arc

Inherited from Middle English ark, from Old French arc, from Latin arcus (“a bow, arc, arch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷos (“bow, arrow”). Doublet of arch, arco, and arrow.

der

(basketball, slang) The three-point line.


loft

From Middle English lofte (“air, sky, upper region, loft”), from Old English loft, (doublet of native Old English lyft) of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse lopt (“upper chamber, attic, region of sky, air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftuz (“air, sky”).
Akin to Scots lift (“air; sky; firmament”), Dutch lucht (“air”), German Luft (“air”), Old English lyft (“air”). Doublet of lift and luft. Related to aloft.

der

(golf) The pitch or slope of the face of a golf club (tending to drive the ball upward).


loft

en-verb

loft (third-person singular simple present lofts, present participle lofting, simple past and past participle lofted)

lofts (present singular third-person)
lofting (participle present)
lofted (participle past)
lofted (past)

(bowling) To throw the ball erroneously through the air instead of releasing it on the lane's surface.


well

From Middle English welle, from Old English wielle (“well”), from Proto-West Germanic *wallijā, from Proto-Germanic *wallijǭ (“well, swirl, wave”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”).
Cognate with West Frisian wel (“well”), Dutch wel (“well”), German Low German Well (“well”), German Welle (“wave”), Danish væld (“well; spring”), Swedish väl (“well”), Icelandic vella (“boiling; bubbling; eruption”).

cog

the jug goes to the well until it breaks

the pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last

you don't miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

(metalworking) The lower part of a furnace, into which the metal falls.


weak

en-adj

weak (comparative weaker, superlative weakest)

weaker (comparative)
weakest (superlative)

healthy

antonym(s) of “lacking in force or ability”

potent

antonym(s) of “lacking in taste or potency”

From Middle English weyk, wayk, weik, waik, from Old Norse veikr (“weak”), from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz (“weak, yielded, pliant, bendsome”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to bend, wind”).
Cognate with Old English wāc (“weak, bendsome”), Saterland Frisian wook (“soft, gentle, tender”), West Frisian weak (“soft”), Dutch week (“soft, weak”), German weich (“weak, soft”), Norwegian veik (“weak”), Swedish vek (“weak, pliant”), Icelandic veikur (“bendsome, weak”). Related to Old English wīcan (“to yield”). Doublet of week and wick.

cog

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak

the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must

a weak negative


snowman

* snow + -man.
* (score of eight; card ranked eight): A typical snowman, built from two balls of snow, resembles a figure eight.

[The Angels] dropped a snowman early on us [Saturday] and we built a snowman early too.

1996 June 3, Buster Olney, “Chat with Sparky helps 'useless' Johnson Dejected O's manager gets lift from ex-Tigers boss”, in The Baltimore Sun (quoting B. J. Surhoff):

"Then they dropped a snowman (8) on us and did it pretty quick," Narron said. "Then Stone had to stay out there and suck it up for us […]"

2005 June 26, Dayton Daily News, page 44:

For me, another blow-up score of a snowman, 8, seems about right on this hole.

2018, Andre Huu, The Round of Your Life: A Book on Golf and Life, Archway Publishing, →ISBN:

(baseball, golf) A score of eight, especially within one inning (in baseball) or on one hole (in golf, where it is also known as dogballs).


bracket

From earlier bragget, *bracket, from Middle English *braget, *braket (attested in braket nail), from Old French braguette (“the opening in the fore part of a pair of breeches, one's fly”), a diminutive of Old French brague (“knickers, britches”), from Old Occitan braga, from Latin brāca (“pants”), from Transalpine Gaulish *brāca, from Proto-Germanic *brāks, an early form of Proto-Germanic *brōks (“leggings, breeches, trousers”).

kllapë

generically any of “(”, “)”, “[”, “]”, “{”, “}”, “⟨”, “⟩”, “<”, “>”, etc.

(sports) A diagram of games in a tournament.

(sports) A prediction of the outcome of games in a tournament, used for betting purposes.

pudotuspeliennuste

sport: prediction of the outcome of games in a tournament


bracket

en-verb

bracket (third-person singular simple present brackets, present participle bracketing, simple past and past participle bracketed)

brackets (present singular third-person)
bracketing (participle present)
bracketed (participle past)
bracketed (past)

(photography) To take multiple images of the same subject, using a range of exposure settings, in order to help ensure that a satisfactory image is obtained.

haarukoida

to photograph at multiple exposure levels


leopard

From Middle English leopard, leopart, lepard, leperd, from Old French leopard (“leopard”), from Late Latin leopardus (“leopon, lipard”) from late Ancient Greek λεόπαρδος (leópardos, “leopon, lipard”), from λέων (léōn, “lion”) + πάρδος (párdos, “pard, male leopard”), from earlier πάρδαλις (párdalis, “leopard”), probably from an unattested Old Persian [Term?] term ancestral to Middle Persian palang, Khwarezmian plyk, Sogdian [script needed] (pwrδnk), Pashto پړانګ (pṛāng). Compare Persian پلنگ (palang) and Sanskrit पृदाकु (pṛdāku, “panther”).

tier

a large wild cat with a spotted coat, Panthera pardus

Naakaii Łizhiní Bikéyahdę́ę́ʼ náshdóítsoh łikizhígíí

leopon

hybrid formed by a leopard and a lioness

Sometimes there is confusion over the heraldic leopard, the question being—When is a leopard not a leopard? There is a theory that the lion and leopard were the same thing, and that they were named entirely depending on their attitude—thus if the animal was passant guardant it was a leopard, but when rampant it was a lion. Nowadays a leopard is the genuine spotted article and quite unmistakeable. Some people still speak, wrongly, of the leopards of England, but it does no great harm as it is an ancient expression and everybody knows what it means.

1968, Charles MacKinnon of Dunakin, The Observer's Book of Heraldry, pages 68–69:


flèche

Borrowed from French flèche. Compare fletch.

(fencing) A method of attack with a sword (foil or épée) in which the attacker's back leg crosses in front of the front leg in the offensive move.


flèche

en-verb

flèche (third-person singular simple present flèches, present participle flèching, simple past and past participle flèched)

flèches (present singular third-person)
flèching (participle present)
flèched (participle past)
flèched (past)

(fencing) To attack using the flèche method.


substitute

substitute (third-person singular simple present substitutes, present participle substituting, simple past and past participle substituted)

substitutes (present singular third-person)
substituting (participle present)
substituted (participle past)
substituted (past)

From Middle English substituten, from Latin substitutus, past participle of substituō.

He was playing poorly and was substituted after twenty minutes

Mario Balotelli replaced Tevez but his contribution was so negligible that he suffered the indignity of being substituted himself as time ran out, a development that encapsulated a wretched 90 minutes for City and boss Roberto Mancini.

2011 April 11, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 3 - 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive, sports) To remove (a player) from the field of play and bring on another in his place.

сме́ням

sports: to remove from the field and bring on another player


substitute

Dean Whitehead opened the scoring shortly after the break with a low finish and substitute Peter Crouch sealed the win with a tap-in.

2011 November 3, David Ornstein, “Macc Tel-Aviv 1 - 2 Stoke”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) A player who is available to replace another if the need arises, and who may or may not actually do so.


photograph

/ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/

[ˈfəʊ̯.tʰə̥.ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf]

[ˈfoʊ̯.ɾə.ˌɡɹ̠æf]

Drawings and pictures are more than mere ornaments in scientific discourse. Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story.

2012 March 5, Brian Hayes, “Pixels or Perish”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2013-02-19, page 106:

(photography) A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.


cruise

Borrowed from Dutch kruisen (“cross, sail around”), from kruis (“cross”), from Middle Dutch cruce, from Latin crux.

Coordinate term: blast

(bodybuilding, slang) A period of reducing the dosage of PEDs instead of cycling them off as opposed to a full-dosed cycle (blast).


cruise

cruise (third-person singular simple present cruises, present participle cruising, simple past and past participle cruised)

cruises (present singular third-person)
cruising (participle present)
cruised (participle past)
cruised (past)

→ Dutch: cruisen, cruise

→ French: cruiser

Germany cruised to a World Cup victory over the short-handed Australians.

(intransitive, sports) To win easily and convincingly.

Coordinate term: blast

blast and cruise

(bodybuilding, slang) To have a period of reducing the dosage of PEDs instead of cycling them off as opposed to going through a full-dosed cycle (blast).


torrid

en-adj

torrid (comparative torrider, superlative torridest)

torrider (comparative)
torridest (superlative)

From Latin torridus, from torreō (“parch, scorch”).

But thanks to a torrid stretch that started in mid-June, the Yankees have regained first place in the A.L. East and built the largest division lead — nine games ahead of the second-place Tampa Bay Rays — in the league.

2019 July 22, James Wagner, “Yankees Face Another A.L. Powerhouse in the Twins”, in The New York Times, page B11:

(chiefly US, sports) [of a streak, form, etc.] Good, impressive, hot


check

From Middle English chek, chekke, borrowed from Old French eschek, eschec, eschac, from Medieval Latin scaccus, borrowed from Arabic شَاه (šāh, “king or check at chess, shah”), borrowed from Classical Persian شَاه (šāh, “king”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /šāh/), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/, “king”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšáyati (“he rules, he has power over”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to gain power over, gain control over”). All of the English senses developed from the chess sense. Compare Saterland Frisian Schak, Schach, Dutch schaak, German Schach, Danish skak, Swedish schack, Icelandic skák, French échec, Italian scacco. See chess and shah (“king of Persia or Iran”), from the same source.

der

(falconry) The forsaking by a hawk of its proper game to follow other birds. [from 15th c.]

chek

falconry: forsaking by a hawk of its proper game


check

en-verb

check (third-person singular simple present checks, present participle checking, simple past and past participle checked)

checks (present singular third-person)
checking (participle present)
checked (participle past)
checked (past)

→ Brazilian Portuguese: checar

→ Cantonese: check

→ Finnish: tsekata

→ German: checken

→ Gulf Arabic: چيك (čayyak)

→ Hijazi Arabic: شَيَّك (šayyak)

→ Hungarian: csekkol

→ Russian: че́кать (čékatʹ)

→ Russian: че́кнуть (čéknutʹ)

→ Russian: проче́кать (pročékatʹ)

→ Spanish: chequear, checar (Mexico)

From Middle English chekken, partly from Old French eschequier and partly from the noun (see above).

check yourself before you wreck yourself

The hockey player checked the defenceman to obtain the puck.

(sports, transitive) To disrupt another player with the stick or body to obtain possession of the ball or puck.

препречвам

sports: to disrupt another player with the stick or body to obtain possession of the ball or puck

And like the haggard, check at every feather
 That comes before his eye.

c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

(falconry) To turn, when in pursuit of proper game, and fly after other birds.


check

By shortening from chequer, from Old French eschequier (“chessboard”), from Medieval Latin scaccarium, ultimately from the same Persian root as above.

CHECKY, [...] Checky, according to Colombiere, is one of the most noble and ancient figures [...] Checky is always composed of metal, and colour. [...] So that if that be or, and the next gules, the house or family is said to bear check, or, and gules. When the whole shield is not chequered , but only the chief, a bend, cross, or the like, the number of ranges should be expressed.

1741, Ephraim Chambers, Cyclopaedia: Or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (etc.) 5. Ed:

He died about 1270; and his son, Sir Robert, assisted the brave Sir William Wallace, and died in 1800. BOYD ARMS. Azure, a fesse check, argent et gules.

1825, Robert Trotter (the Younger.), Derwentwater; Or, the Adherents of King James. A Tale of the First Rebellion. With an Appendix, Containing Genealogical Notices and Anecdotes of Several Ancient and Honourable Families, page 115:

(heraldry, rare, possibly only as a printing error) Checky, i.e. chequy.


WTF

Likewise the WTF says they are the official Tae Kwon Do organization because […]

1998, The complete Idiot's guide to Taekwondo:

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) recognizes WTF at its 83rd […]

2003, Taekwondo: A Step-By-Step Guide to the Korean Art of Self-Defense:

The Secretariat of the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) is located in Seoul, South Korea, in a beautiful edifice […]

2005, Official Taekwondo Training Manual:

The WTF secretary general, Hoss Rafaty, told insidethegames that the governing body would look to market itself as World Taekwondo for business and commercial purposes, although there are no current plans to officially change the organisation’s name.

2015 December 26, “WTF? Taekwondo governing body set for rebrand over use of acronym”, in The Guardian:

World Taekwondo Federation
w:World Taekwondo

(sports, taekwondo, dated, 1973–2017) Initialism of World Taekwondo Federation.


pole

From Middle English pole, pal, from Old English pāl (“a pole, stake, post; a kind of hoe or spade”), from Proto-West Germanic *pāl (“pole”), from Latin pālus (“stake, pale, prop, stay”), perhaps from Old Latin *paxlos, from Proto-Italic *pākslos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to nail, fasten”). Doublet of peel, pale, and palus.
Cognates
 Cognate with Scots pale, paill (“stake, pale”), North Frisian pul, pil (“stake, pale”), Saterland Frisian Pool (“pole”), West Frisian poal (“pole”), Dutch paal (“pole”), German Pfahl (“pile, stake, post, pole”), Danish pæl (“pole”), Swedish påle (“pole”), Icelandic páll (“hoe, spade, pale”), Old English fæc (“space of time, while, division, interval; lustrum”).

cog

not touch something with a ten-foot pole

paalu

motor racing: pole position — see also pole position


pole

en-verb

pole (third-person singular simple present poles, present participle poling, simple past and past participle poled)

poles (present singular third-person)
poling (participle present)
poled (participle past)
poled (past)

Long had poled the ball into the lower deck in right center.

2007, Tony Silvia, Baseball Over the Air:

(transitive, baseball) To strike (the ball) very hard.


fountain

From Middle English [Term?]; from Old French fontaine (whence modern fontaine); from Late Latin fontana, from Latin fontanus, fontaneus, adjectives from fons (“source, spring”).

Crest : A boar's head couped gold semy of fountains armed gules. Motto : REMIS VELISQUE. Granted by the College of Arms 1966.

1928, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Committee on Heraldry, A Roll of Arms:

Argent, seme of fountains on a chief azure a Lorraine cross and an oak leaf of the first. Crest, None. Motto, Able and Ready. The blue of the shield represents Infantry. The fountains are emblematic of Arizona,[…]

1953, United States. Department of the Army. Office of Military History, The Army Lineage Book, page 828:

(heraldry) A roundel barry wavy argent and azure.

(juggling) A juggling pattern typically done with an even number of props where each prop is caught by the same hand that throws it.


yam

yam (third-person singular simple present yams, present participle yamming, simple past and past participle yammed)

yams (present singular third-person)
yamming (participle present)
yammed (participle past)
yammed (past)

Apparently a variation of jam (“dunk”, verb).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:yam.

(especially basketball) To dunk on; to beat humiliatingly.


process

process (third-person singular simple present processes, present participle processing, simple past and past participle processed)

processes (present singular third-person)
processing (participle present)
processed (participle past)
processed (past)

From Middle English proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin prōcessus (“course, progression”), nominalization of prōcēdō (“proceed, advance”).

(transitive, photography, film) To develop photographic film.


onion

Bislama: anian

Tok Pisin: anian

→ Maori: aniana

From Middle English onyoun, oynoun, from Old French oignon, from Latin ūniōnem, accusative of ūniō (“onion, large pearl”), which had also been borrowed into Old English as yne, ynnelēac (“onion”) (> Middle English hynne-leac, henne-leac). Also displaced Middle English knelek (literally “knee-leek”) and the inherited term ramsons.
* (soy): Stems from a 4chan word filter which changes the word soy to onions. The word filter was implemented in relation to the "alpha onion eater" meme, which is depicted as the direct opposite of the soy boy.


minor

From Middle English minor, menor, menour, etc., from Latin minor (“lesser; young; young person”) both directly and via Norman and Middle French menor, menour, etc. Doublet of minus but not mini-. Cognate with minister, minify, Minorca, Menshevik, and possibly minnow. Compare Latin minimum and minuō, Old High German minniro, Cornish minow.

byvak

subject of secondary undergraduate study

It is certain that the major leagues must depend upon the minors for their recruits.

1890 July 31, Sporting Life, Philadelphia, page 1:

(baseball) Ellipsis of minor league: the lower level of teams.

Penalties... First Period... all minors.

1924 December 30, Gazette, Montreal, page 14:

(ice hockey) Ellipsis of minor penalty: a penalty requiring a player to leave the ice for 2 minutes unless the opposing team scores.

minor penalty

Brown from a mark on the magazine wing put up the first minor.

1903 May 16, Sporting News, Tasmania, page 4:

(Australian football) Synonym of behind: a one-point kick.

At half-time the score was—one goal, three tries, and four minors.

(rugby, historical) Ellipsis of minor point: a lesser score formerly gained by certain actions.


skater

(ice hockey) A player who is not a goaltender.

kenttäpelaaja

ice hockey: player other than goaltender


course

→ Gulf Arabic: كورس (kōrs)

From Middle English cours, from Old French cours, from Latin cursus (“course of a race”), from currō (“run”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of cursus and cour.

polku

the course of true love never did run smooth

A path that something or someone moves along.

(sports) The trajectory of a ball, frisbee etc.


RPG

Initialism. When applied to a "rocket-propelled grenade" it derives from Russian РПГ (RPG), initialism of ручной противотанковый гранатомёт (ručnoj protivotankovyj granatomjót, “hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher”), of which "rocket-propelled grenade" is a backronym (though an accurate description of the weapon system).


stalk

From Middle English stalke, stelke, stalk, perhaps from Old English *stealc, *stielc, *stealuc, from Proto-West Germanic *staluk, *stalik, from Proto-Germanic *stalukaz, *stalikaz, diminutive of Proto-Germanic *stalô, *staluz (“support, stem, stalk”), from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, stand; be stiff; stud, post, trunk, stake, stem, stalk”). Cognate with Old High German *stelh in wazzarstelh (“wagtail”), Danish stilk (“stalk, stem”), Swedish stjälk (“stalk, stem”), Icelandic stilkur (“stalk, stem”).
Related also to Middle English stale (“ladder upright, stalk”), Old English stalu (“wooden upright”), Middle Low German stal, stale (“chair leg”), Old English stela (“stalk”), Dutch steel (“stalk”), German Stiel (“stalk”), Albanian shtalkë (“crossbeam, board used as a door hinge”), Welsh telm (“frond”), Ancient Greek στειλειή (steileiḗ, “beam”), Old Armenian ստեղն (stełn, “trunk, stalk”).

varsi

something resembling the stalk of a plant

(metalworking) An iron bar with projections inserted in a core to strengthen it; a core arbor.


mule

→ Hawaiian: miula

→ Irish: miúil

→ Maori: miūru

From Middle English mule, from Anglo-Norman mule and Old English mūl, both from Latin mūlus, from Proto-Indo-European *mukslós. Compare Late Latin muscellus (“young he-mule”), Old East Slavic мъшкъ (mŭškŭ, “mule”), Ancient Greek (Phocian) μυχλός (mukhlós, “he-ass”), and German Maul Maultier, Maulesel (through Latin).

What is less clear, however, is why mint workers should have chosen to produce mules, if they were making forgeries […]

1988, Andrew Burnett, The Normanby hoard and other Roman coin hoards, British Museum Publications:

(numismatics) A coin or medal minted with obverse and reverse designs not normally seen on the same piece, either intentionally or in error.

muuli

numismatics: coin or medal minted with designs not normally seen on the same piece


putt

Borrowed from Scots putt (“to put”). Compare Middle Dutch putten (“to dig a hit”). The Old English putian (“to push; thrust; put; place”) derivation is commonly assumed, although no longer valid. In Dutch, the word is instanced in a description of golf in an early seventeenth-century edition of Pieter van Afferden's Tyrocinium linguae latinae. All derive from Proto-Germanic *putōną.

(golf) The act of tapping a golf ball lightly on a putting green.


putt

en-verb

putt (third-person singular simple present putts, present participle putting, simple past and past participle putted)

putts (present singular third-person)
putting (participle present)
putted (participle past)
putted (past)

There were the golfers. Was it possible that they were going on with their game? Yes, there was a fellow driving off from a tee, and that other group upon the green were surely putting for the hole.

1913, Arthur Conan Doyle, “(please specify the page)”, in The Poison Belt […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

(golf) To lightly strike a golf ball with a putter.

fer un putt

to lightly strike a golf ball with a putter


putt

(British, motorcycling, slang) A motorcycle.


putt

(motorcycling, slang) To ride one's motorcycle, to go for a motorcycle ride.


lug

lug (third-person singular simple present lugs, present participle lugging, simple past and past participle lugged)

lugs (present singular third-person)
lugging (participle present)
lugged (participle past)
lugged (past)

From Middle English luggen, possibly from Scandinavian source, (compare Swedish lugga, Norwegian lugge); also in English dialectal as lig (“to lug”). Noun is via Scots lugge, probably from Old Norse (compare Norwegian and Swedish lugg). Probably related to slug (“lazy, slow-moving”), which may be from similar source(s). See slow.

(intransitive, horse-racing) To pull toward the inside rail ("lugging in") or the outside rail ("lugging out") during a race.


turf

en-noun

turf (countable and uncountable, plural turfs or turves)

From Middle English turf, torf, from Old English turf (“turf, sod, soil, piece of grass covered earth, greensward”), from Proto-West Germanic *turb, from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”).
Cognate with Dutch turf (“turf”), Middle Low German torf (“peat, turf”) (whence German Torf and German Low German Torf), Swedish torv (“turf”), Norwegian torv (“turf”), Icelandic torf (“turf”), Russian трава (trava, “grass”), Sanskrit दर्भ (darbhá, “a kind of grass”), दूर्वा (dū́rvā, “bent grass”).

cog

(uncountable, with "the", sports) A racetrack, hippodrome.

turf

a racetrack; or the sport of horse racing

(uncountable, with "the", sports) The sport of racing horses.


cross

→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)

From Middle English cross, cros, from Old English cros (“rood, cross”), perhaps from Old Irish cros (compare Welsh croes, Irish crois), perhaps from Latin crux (cruci). In this sense displaced native Middle English rood, from Old English rōd; see rood.
The sense of "two intersecting lines drawn or cut on a surface; two lines intersecting at right angles" without regard to religious signification develops from the late 14th century.
cognates
*Old Norse kross (“cross”)
*Icelandic kross (“cross”)
*Faroese krossur (“cross”)
*Danish kors (“cross”)
*Swedish kors (“cross”)
*German Kreuz (“cross”)
*Dutch kruis (“cross”)

(heraldry) Any geometric figure having this or a similar shape, such as a cross of Lorraine or a Maltese cross.

(boxing) A hook thrown over the opponent's punch.

And Stamford Bridge erupted with joy as Florent Malouda slotted in a cross from Drogba, who had stayed just onside.

2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC:

(soccer) A pass in which the ball is kicked from a side of the pitch to a position close to the opponent’s goal.


cross

en-verb

cross (third-person singular simple present crosses, present participle crossing, simple past and past participle crossed)

crosses (present singular third-person)
crossing (participle present)
crossed (participle past)
crossed (past)
cross (infinitive)

(sports) Relative movement by a player or of players.

(cricket, reciprocally) Of both batsmen, to pass each other when running between the wickets in order to score runs.

He crossed the ball into the penalty area.

(soccer) To pass the ball from one side of the pitch to the other side.

centrar

soccer, football: pass the ball from one side of the pitch to the other side

England cut loose at the end of the half, Ashton, Mark Cueto and Mike Tindall all crossing before the break.

2011 February 12, Mark Orlovac, “England 59-13 Italy”, in BBC:


proper

en-adj

proper (comparative more proper, superlative most proper)

more proper (comparative)
most proper (superlative)

From Middle English propre, from Anglo-Norman proper, propre, Old French propre (French: propre), from Latin proprius.

(heraldry) Portrayed in natural or usual coloration, as opposed to conventional tinctures.

luonnonvärinen

heraldry: having its natural or usual coloration


skin

en-verb

skin (third-person singular simple present skins, present participle skinning, simple past and past participle skinned)

skins (present singular third-person)
skinning (participle present)
skinned (participle past)
skinned (past)

From Middle English skyn, skinn, from Old English scinn, from Old Norse skinn (“animal hide”), from Proto-Germanic *skinþą, from Proto-Indo-European *sken- (“to split off”), nasal variant of *skeh₁i-d- (“to cut”).
See also Dutch schinde (“bark”), dialectal German Schinde (“fruit peel”); also Breton skant (“scales”), Old Irish ceinn, Irish scainim (“I tear, burst”), Latin scindere (“to split, divide”), Sanskrit छिनत्ति (chinátti, “he splits”). Partially displaced native Old English hȳd (“skin, hide”), see hide. More at shed. Not related to shin.

cog

The Russian, sometimes out of sorts in recent weeks, was seeing plenty of the ball on the left-hand side up against Hunt, a 20-year-old right-back making his first Huddersfield start. Arshavin skinned the youngster at the first opportunity and crossed for Bendtner, who could not direct his close-range effort on target.

2011 January 30, Kevin Darlng, “Arsenal 2 - 1 Huddersfield”, in BBC:

(UK, soccer, transitive) To use tricks to go past a defender.

een skin gebruiken

to use a replacement image for the graphical user interface of

финтирам

soccer: to use tricks to go past a defender


cant

en-noun

cant (usually uncountable, plural cants)

From Latin cantō probably via Old Northern French canter (“sing, tell”). Doublet of chant.

Homophone: Kant (in anglicized pronunciation)

(countable, heraldry) A blazon of a coat of arms that makes a pun upon the name (or, less often, some attribute or function) of the bearer, canting arms.

sprekend wapen

heraldry: blazon that makes a pun, canting arms


cant

en-verb

cant (third-person singular simple present cants, present participle canting, simple past and past participle canted)

cants (present singular third-person)
canting (participle present)
canted (participle past)
canted (past)

(intransitive, heraldry) Of a blazon, to make a pun that references the bearer of a coat of arms.


jaw

From Middle English jowe~joue~jaue, seemingly borrowed from Old French jowe~joue~joe, itself from Vulgar Latin *gauta.
The OED argues that, since Chaucer rhymed jowe with clowe (“claw”), the tonic vowel was not /uː/ and so jowe does not correspond to the French word. (On the other hand, it raises no such objection against the derivation of paw from Old French powe~poue~poe, from *pauta.) It is not clear that Middle English ever borrowed an Old French word in which /ɔw/ had already turned to /u/. If the normal modern English outcome is taken to be the /əʊ/ of clove, escrow, hoe, mow, and soldier (implying a Middle English /ɔw/), then the /ɔː/ of jaw and paw (implying a Middle English /aw/) may be explained as the result of either borrowing from Middle English dialects that merged /ɔw/ into /aw/ or blending with semantically adjacent words like chaule (“jaw”) and clawe (“claw”).
The OED, with reluctance, offers the theory that the original Middle English form could have been an unattested *chowe, from an also-unattested Old English *ċēowe (from Proto-West Germanic *keuwā). /t͡ʃ-/ > /d͡ʒ-/ is not unheard-of; cf. jam, jar, jarm, jitter, and jowl. The OED also note that a variant chaw is in fact documented in English, but only from 1530 onward, some 150 years after the j- forms.

(snooker) The curved part of the cushion marking the entry to the pocket.


jaw

jaw (third-person singular simple present jaws, present participle jawing, simple past and past participle jawed)

jaws (present singular third-person)
jawing (participle present)
jawed (participle past)
jawed (past)

(snooker, transitive, intransitive) (of a ball) To stick in the jaws of a pocket.


carry

carry (third-person singular simple present carries, present participle carrying, simple past and past participle carried)

carries (present singular third-person)
carrying (participle present)
carried (participle past)
carried (past)

borrow

the equivalent reverse procedure in the inverse operation of subtraction

→ Cantonese: carry

From Middle English carrien, from Anglo-Norman carier (modern French charrier); from a derivative of Latin carrus (“four-wheeled baggage wagon”), ultimately of Gaulish origin.

tīhei

on the back but held in place with hands

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails

one can't carry two watermelons under one arm

Nani collected the ball on the halfway line, drifted past Bryan Ruiz, and carried the ball unchallenged 50 yards down the left before picking out Welbeck for a crisp finish from seven yards.

2011 December 21, Tom Rostance, “Fulham 0-5 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive, sports) To transport (the ball) whilst maintaining possession.

The frost[…]caused the fallows and seeds to ‘carry’ a good deal, and they could only hunt very slowly.

(hunting) To have earth or frost stick to the feet when running, as a hare.


carry

(golf) The distance travelled by the ball when struck, until it hits the ground.


glass

en-noun

glass (countable and uncountable, plural glasses)

→ Gulf Arabic: قلاص (gḷāṣ)

→ Fiji Hindi: gilaas

→ Japanese: グラス (gurasu)

→ Kikuyu: ngirathi

→ Malay: gelas, ݢلس

From Middle English glas, from Old English glæs, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, possibly related to Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to shine”) (compare glow), and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Cognate with West Frisian glês, Dutch glas, Low German Glas, German Glas, Swedish glas, Icelandic gler.

pleksi

sport: barrier made of solid, transparent material

people that live in glass houses should not throw stones

people that live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

people who live in glass houses should not throw stones

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

those who live in glass houses should not throw stones

those who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

He caught the rebound off the glass.

(sports) A barrier made of solid, transparent material.

He fired the outlet pass off the glass.

(ice hockey) The clear, protective screen surrounding a hockey rink.

Her new camera was incompatible with her old one, so she needed to buy new glass.

(uncountable, photography, informal) Lenses, considered collectively.


bes

(historical, numismatics) A bronze coin of the Roman Republic, worth two thirds of an as.


juice

juice (usually uncountable, plural juices)

Tok Pisin: jus

→ Czech: džus

→ Danish: juice

→ Faroese: djús

→ Hungarian: dzsúsz

→ Icelandic: djús

→ Indonesian: jus

→ Japanese: ジュース (jūsu)

→ Korean: 주스 (juseu), 쥬스 (juseu)

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: juice, jus

Norwegian Nynorsk: juice, jus

→ Papiamentu: djus

→ Serbo-Croatian: džus

→ Slovak: džús

→ Swahili: juisi, jusi

→ Swedish: juice, jos

→ Zulu: újúsi

From Middle English jus, juis, from Old French jus, jous, from Latin jūs (“broth, soup, sauce”), from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs, from *yewH- (“to mix (of meal preparation)”). Doublet of jus and ukha. In this sense, mostly displaced native Middle English sew (“juice”), from Old English sēaw (“juice, sap”) (> English sew (“juice, broth, gravy”)). Sense of "soft drink" most likely an ellipsis of fizzy juice, another similarly common term in Scotland.

the blacker the berry, the sweeter the juice

the darker the berry, the sweeter the juice

(uncountable, slang) Any source or enabler of significant positive effects.


juice

en-verb

juice (third-person singular simple present juices, present participle juicing, simple past and past participle juiced)

juices (present singular third-person)
juicing (participle present)
juiced (participle past)
juiced (past)

I followed the home run race between Sosa and McGuire, and any fool could see they were juicing.

2012, Phil Denapoli, Preying on the Innocent, page 233:

(intransitive, slang, bodybuilding) To take a performance-enhancing drug.


lumber

en-noun

lumber (usually uncountable, plural lumbers)

Exact origin unknown. The earliest recorded reference was to heavy, useless objects such as old, discarded furniture. Perhaps from the verb lumber in reference to meaning "awkward to move"; Online Etymological Dictionary thinks this may derive from the same root as lame. Possibly influenced by Lumbar, an obsolete variant of Lombard, the Italian immigrant class known for being pawnbrokers and money-lenders in early England. Compare English lumpish.


snooker

snooker (countable and uncountable, plural snookers)

She put her opponent in a snooker.

(snooker, pool) The situation where the cue ball is in such a position that the player cannot directly hit a legal ball with it.


snooker

en-verb

snooker (third-person singular simple present snookers, present participle snookering, simple past and past participle snookered)

snookers (present singular third-person)
snookering (participle present)
snookered (participle past)
snookered (past)

(transitive, snooker, pool) To place the cue ball in such a position that (the opponent) cannot directly hit the required ball with it.


lock

Tok Pisin: lok

→ Hawaiian: laka

From Middle English lok, from Old English loc, from Proto-West Germanic *lok, from Proto-Germanic *luką from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend; turn”). The verb is from Middle English locken, lokken, louken, from Old English lūcan, Proto-West Germanic *lūkan, from Proto-Germanic *lūkaną. Related to luxe via Latin.

der

Ashton only had to wait three minutes for his second try, lock Louis Deacon setting it up with a rollocking line-break, before Romania got on the scoreboard courtesy of a penalty from fly-half Marin Danut Dumbrava.

2011 September 24, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 67-3 Romania”, in BBC Sport:

(rugby) A player in the scrum behind the front row, usually the tallest members of the team.

slot

a player in the second row of the scrum in Rugby


lock

en-verb

lock (third-person singular simple present locks, present participle locking, simple past locked, past participle locked or (obsolete) locken)

locks (present singular third-person)
locking (participle present)
locked (past)
locked (participle past)
locken (obsolete participle past)

unlock

antonym(s) of “to fasten with a lock, to be capable of becoming fastened in place”

lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen

lock the stable door after the horse has bolted

Please don't disappoint me - you are female, aren't you? I have a lingering suspicion that you are 17 stone and lock for Tarankai.

1980, Ken Berry, chapter 14, in First Offender, Auckland: Collins, page 117:

(intransitive, rugby) To play in the position of lock.