ruff

en-verb

ruff (third-person singular simple present ruffs, present participle ruffing, simple past and past participle ruffed)

ruffs (present singular third-person)
ruffing (participle present)
ruffed (participle past)
ruffed (past)

Clipping of ruffle, or possibly from rough.

Instantly the keen-eyed hawk "stooped," or descended, with a rushing swoop, and struck one of the birds with her claws, but without killing it, which is called "rifling," or "ruffing" it.

1888, Good Words, volume 29, London: Alexander Strahan and Co., →OCLC, page 616:

(transitive, falconry) Of a falcon, hawk, etc.: to hit (the prey) without fixing or grabbing hold of it.


represent

represent (third-person singular simple present represents, present participle representing, simple past and past participle represented)

represents (present singular third-person)
representing (participle present)
represented (participle past)
represented (past)

/ˌɹɛp.ɹɪˈzɛnt/

From Old French représenter, from Latin repraesentō.

(sports, transitive) To participate as a team member


behind

From Middle English behinde, behinden, from Old English behindan (“on the back side of, behind”), from Proto-West Germanic *bihindan, *bihindini (“on the back side of, in the rear of, behind”), from Proto-West Germanic *bi- + *hindō (“the hind side, back part”), equivalent to be- + hind. Compare Old Saxon bihindan (“behind”, adverb), Middle High German behinter (“behind; back”).


overreach

en-verb

overreach (third-person singular simple present overreaches, present participle overreaching, simple past and past participle overreached or (obsolete) overraught)

overreaches (present singular third-person)
overreaching (participle present)
overreached (participle past)
overreached (past)
overraught (obsolete participle past)
overraught (obsolete past)

/ˌəʊvəˈɹiːt͡ʃ/

/ˌoʊvə(ɹ)ˈɹit͡ʃ/

The verb is from Middle English overrechen (“to rise above; to extend beyond or over; to encroach; to catch, overtake; to reach; to obtain wrongfully (?); to take up (a book) to revise it”) [and other forms], equivalent to over- + reach; the noun is derived from the verb or from the phrase to reach over.

nb...

overreche, overreiche, (Northern England) overreke

أَنَافَ

to reach above or beyond, especially to an excessive degree

Attinto, [...] Alſo when a horſe is tainted or hurt, or ouerreacheth one foote with another, and withal doth hurt a ſinew.

1598, John Florio, “Attinto”, in A Worlde of Words, or Most Copious, and Exact Dictionarie in Italian and English, […], London: […] Arnold Hatfield for Edw[ard] Blount, →OCLC, page 32, column 3:

Defective or bad form will predispose a horse to overreach. Bad shoeing will also be liable to cause the hind-foot to catch the forward one.

1864, John Nicholson Navin, “Vices of the Horse”, in Navin’s Veterinary Practice: Or Explanatory Horse Doctor. […], Indianapolis, Ind.: Published for the author; stereotyped at the Franklin Type Foundry, […], →OCLC, division I, page 287:

(transitive, intransitive, reflexive, equestrianism) Of a horse: to strike the heel of a forefoot with the toe of a hindfoot.


overreach

en-noun

overreach (countable and uncountable, plural overreaches)

/ˈəʊvə(ˌ)ɹiːt͡ʃ/

/ˈoʊvə(ɹ)ˌɹit͡ʃ/

The hunter's [i.e., hunting horse's] legs should be washed with warm water, carefully examined for thorns, overreaches, &c., and the legs should be rubbed dry, and well hand rubbed, by which means a free circulation of the blood will be promoted.

1833 April, “Teaching the Horse to Leap”, in T. B. Johnson, editor, The Sportsman’s Cabinet, and Town and Country Magazine, volume I, number 6, London: Published by Sherwood, Gilbert, & Piper, […], →OCLC, page 424:

Overreach.—This unpleasant noise, known also by the terms ‘clicking’, ‘overreach’, &c., arises from the toe of the hind foot knocking against the shoe of the fore foot.

1833 October, “Art. LXVI.—The Vices, and Disagreeable or Dangerous Habits of the Horse. [From the Library of Useful Knowledge.]”, in John D. Legare, editor, The Southern Agriculturist, and Register of Rural Affairs; […], volume VI, number 10, Charleston, S.C.: Printed and published for the editor, by A. E. Miller, […], →OCLC, part II (Selections), page 547:

(equestrianism) Of a horse: an act of striking the heel of a forefoot with the toe of a hindfoot; an injury caused by this action.


gather

en-verb

gather (third-person singular simple present gathers, present participle gathering, simple past and past participle gathered)

gathers (present singular third-person)
gathering (participle present)
gathered (participle past)
gathered (past)

From Middle English gaderen, from Old English gaderian (“to gather, assemble”), from Proto-West Germanic *gadurōn (“to bring together, unite, gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, assemble, keep”).

der

(glassblowing) To collect molten glass on the end of a tool.


gather

(glassblowing) A blob of molten glass collected on the end of a blowpipe.


gap

From Middle English gap, gappe, from Old Norse gap (“an empty space, gap, chasm”), from gapa (“to gape, scream”), from Proto-Germanic *gapōną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂- (“to open wide, gape”). Related to Danish gab (“an expanse, space, gap”), Old English ġeap (“open space, expanse”); compare English gape.

cog

Jones doubled through the gap.

(baseball) The regions between the outfielders.


gap

en-verb

gap (third-person singular simple present gaps, present participle gapping, simple past and past participle gapped)

gaps (present singular third-person)
gapping (participle present)
gapped (participle past)
gapped (past)

Honestly K&C could release today with like a bit more SOT buffs and they'd probably still gap a lot of the game

2022 May 4, u/jhawk1117, “Two units that were really ahead of their time”, in Reddit, r/DBZDokkanBattle, archived from the original on 2024-07-18:

sometimes dril gets absolutely gapped by average ukraine war reddit comments

2023 May 23, @slime_machine, Twitter, archived from the original on 2024-07-18:

Imagine street racing someone then suddenly both of you get gapped by a slammed tiger tank 😂 AKA der "Drippenwagen"

2023 December 19, @kommanderkarl, Twitter, archived from the original on 2024-07-18:

"Not really the reason his team lost" is still not showing up by Chovy's standarts. Like in a way you're downplaying how good this guy has been domestically the last 3-4 years. He is comfortably the best player in the league and is utterly gapping every other midlaner in the league series after series, year after year.

2024 March 9, u/djpain20, “T1 vs. Gen.G / LCK 2024 Spring - Week 7 / Post-Match Discussion”, in Reddit, r/leagueoflegends, archived from the original on 2024-07-18:

My sports car gets gapped by families of 5 in these all the time and they don't even know we're racing

2024 May 14, u/DM-Me-Your_Titties, “Kia reveals mid-life update to EV6.”, in Reddit, r/cars, archived from the original on 2024-07-18:

When you avoid getting buffed next patch due to your players gapping

2024 July 6, @Rubiflorid, Twitter, archived from the original on 2024-07-18:

(transitive, intransitive, slang, especially video games, motor racing) To surpass (someone or something) by a considerable margin.


sedge

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sedge.wav

(fishing) A dry fly used in fly fishing, designed to resemble a sedge or caddis fly.


cradle

cradle (third-person singular simple present cradles, present participle cradling, simple past and past participle cradled)

cradles (present singular third-person)
cradling (participle present)
cradled (participle past)
cradled (past)

From Middle English cradel, credel, from Old English cradol, from Proto-West Germanic *kradul, from Proto-Germanic *kradulaz, from Proto-Germanic *kradô (“(wicker) basket”). Related to cart.

der

(lacrosse) To rock the lacrosse stick back and forth in order to keep the ball in the head by means of centrifugal force.

veivata

lacrosse: to rock the lacrosse stick back and forth


fake

→ Japanese: フェイク (feiku)

The origin is not known with certainty, although first attested in 1775 C.E. in British criminals' slang. It is probably from feak, feague (“to give a better appearance through artificial means, spruce up, embellish”); akin to Dutch veeg (“a swipe”), Dutch vegen (“to sweep, wipe”); German fegen (“to sweep, to polish”). Compare also Old English fācn (“deceit, fraud”). Perhaps related also to Old Norse fjúka (“to fade, vanquish, disappear”), Old Norse feikn (“strange, scary, unnatural”).

unk

not known

m+

(sports) A move meant to deceive an opposing player, used for gaining advantage for example when dribbling an opponent.


steed

Inherited from Middle English stede (“steed”), from Old English stēda (“stallion, stud”), from Proto-West Germanic *stōdijō; (compare Old Dutch stoti (“herd of horses”), Old High German stuot (“herd of horses”)).

cog

silent steed

In the green lanes of Merrie England the bicycle rider in his natty uniform, speeding along on his silent steed, is met with almost as often as vehicles drawn by horses, and it is safe to say that in the various countries of the world not less than half a million bicycles and tricycles are now in use.

1887 July 26, Thomas Stevens, “Bicycle chat for boys”, in Harper's Young People, volume VIII, number 404, page 614:


roulette

en-noun

roulette (countable and uncountable, plural roulettes)

Borrowed from French roulette (“roulette, little wheel”). The sense "situation with a random chance of incurring serious harm" may be abstracted from Russian roulette.

bor

(philately) Any of the small incisions on a sheet of stamps, used as an alternative to perforations.


secondary

From Middle English secundarie, from Latin secundārius (“of the second class or quality”), from secundus (whence the English second) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary), equivalent to second + -ary; compare the French secondaire, the Italian secondario, the Occitan secundari, the Portuguese secundario, and the Spanish secundario.

der

English numerals#Ordinal numbers
secondary

(American football, Canadian football) The defensive backs.


splitter

lumper

antonym(s) of “one who prefers to split categories”

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-splitter.wav

split-finger fastball
split-finger fastball


remark

en-noun

remark (countable and uncountable, plural remarks)

From Middle French remarquer, from Old French remarquer, from re- (“again”) + marquer (“to mark”); see mark.

(engraving) Alternative form of remarque


sliver

From Middle English slivere, sliver from Middle English sliven (“to cut, cleave, split”), from Old English slīfan (as in tōslīfan (“to split, split up”)).

треска

long piece cut or rent off; a sharp, slender fragment

(fishing) Bait made of pieces of small fish. Compare kibblings.


retire

en-verb

retire (third-person singular simple present retires, present participle retiring, simple past and past participle retired)

retires (present singular third-person)
retiring (participle present)
retired (participle past)
retired (past)

/ɹəˈtaɪə(ɹ)/

From Middle French retirer (“draw back”), from Old French retirer, built from re- (“back”) + tirer (“draw, pull”), the latter from Vulgar Latin *tīrāre, of highly uncertain origin.

I have decided to retire from football at the end of the season after the World Cup.

(intransitive, sports) To stop playing their sport and in competitions a sports player.

اِعْتَزَلَ

sports: sports player stop playing their sport and in competitions

Jones retired in favour of Smith.

(intransitive, cricket, of a batsman) To voluntarily stop batting before being dismissed so that the next batsman can bat.

luopua

cricket: to voluntarily stop batting before being dismissed

Jones retired Smith 6-3.

Jones makes the catch for the third out, and that retires the side.

(transitive, baseball, of a fielder) To make a play which results in a runner or the batter being out, either by means of a put out, fly out or strikeout. Also, when such an event ends a team's turn at bat.

polttaa

baseball: to make a play which results in a runner or the batter being out


splice

Circa 1525, borrowed from Middle Dutch splissen (Modern Dutch splitsen); akin to Middle Dutch splitten (“to split”), German spleißen (“to split, splice”), Spliss (“split ends, hair breakage”), French épisser (also from Dutch). The Dutch word originally referred only to the fraying of the ropes' ends but was then also used for the entire process of fraying and retying; hence the peculiar semantic development from “split” to “join”. The same development occurred in German.

(cricket) That part of a bat where the handle joins the blade.


reel

From Middle English reel, reele, from Old English rēol, hrēol, from Proto-West Germanic *hrehul, from Proto-Germanic *hrehulaz, *hrahilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krek- (“to weave, beat”). Cognate with Icelandic ræl, hræll.

der

So strict is the kirk of Scotland, that one minister was unfrocked for writing a play (in former times); and another was sent about his business for being too fond of whiskey and of dancing the reel of Tullochgorum.

1824, Felix M'Donogh, The Hermit in Edinburgh:

(dance) A lively dance originating in Scotland.


referee

/ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/

From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.

The referee kicked Jim out of the game for fighting.

(sports) An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game.


raid

From Scots raid, from Northern Middle English rade, from Old English rād (“a riding, an expedition on horseback, road”), whence also the inherited English road (“way, street”). The earlier senses of “a riding, expedition, raid” fell into disuse in Early Modern English, but were revived in the northern form raid by Walter Scott in the early 19th century. The use for a swift police operation appears in the later 19th century and may perhaps have been influenced by French razzia (similar in both original meaning and sound).

The athletic Walker, one of Tottenham's more effective attacking elements with his raids from right-back, made a timely intervention after Rose had been dispossessed and even Aaron Lennon was needed to provide an interception in the danger zone to foil another attempt by the Russians.

2011 October 20, Jamie Lillywhite, “Tottenham 1 - 0 Rubin Kazan”, in BBC Sport:


snag

en-verb

snag (third-person singular simple present snags, present participle snagging, simple past and past participle snagged)

snags (present singular third-person)
snagging (participle present)
snagged (participle past)
snagged (past)

From earlier snag (“stump or branch of a tree”), from Middle English *snagge, *snage, from Old Norse snagi (“clothes peg”) (compare Old Norse snag-hyrndr (“snag-horned, having jagged corners”)), perhaps ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *snakk-, *snēgg, variations of *snakaną (“to crawl, creep, wind about”).
Compare Norwegian snag, snage (“protrusion; projecting point”), Icelandic snagi (“peg”). Also see Dutch snoek (“pike”).

cog

We snagged for spoonbill from the eastern shore of the Mississippi River.

(fishing) To fish by means of dragging a large hook or hooks on a line, intending to impale the body (rather than the mouth) of the target.

さびく

fishing: to fish by means of dragging a large hook or hooks on a line


stagger

From Middle English stageren, stakeren, from Old Norse stakra (“to push, stagger”). Cognate with dialectal Danish stagre.

(motor racing) The difference in circumference between the left and right tires on a racing vehicle. It is used on oval tracks to make the car turn better in the corners.


rally

From Middle French rallier (French rallier), from Old French ralier, from Latin prefix re- + ad + ligare (“to bind; to ally”).

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-rally.wav

(squash, table tennis, tennis, badminton) A sequence of strokes between serving and scoring a point.

table tennis; badminton; table tennis; badminton

(motor racing) An event in which competitors drive through a series of timed special stages at intervals. The winner is the driver who completes all stages with the shortest cumulative time.


release

en-verb

release (third-person singular simple present releases, present participle releasing, simple past and past participle released)

releases (present singular third-person)
releasing (participle present)
released (participle past)
released (past)

From Middle English relesen, relessen, from Old French relaisser (variant of relascher).

With the Gunners far too lightweight in midfield, Mikel Arteta dropped back into a deeper-lying role. This freed Yossi Benayoun to go further forward, a move that helped forge a rare Arsenal chance on 30 minutes when the Israeli released Van Persie, only for the Dutchman's snap-shot to be tipped around the post.

2011 September 13, Sam Lyon, “Borussia Dortmund 1-1 Arsenal”, in BBC:

(soccer) To set up; to provide with a goal-scoring opportunity


slam

slam (third-person singular simple present slams, present participle slamming, simple past and past participle slammed)

slams (present singular third-person)
slamming (participle present)
slammed (participle past)
slammed (past)

From Middle English *slammen (not recorded), apparently from a Scandinavian source ultimately from Old Norse slæma, slœma (“to slam, swing a weapon, strike an object out of reach”), related to Old Norse slamra, slambra (“to slam”). Cognate with Norwegian Bokmål slamre (“to slam”), Swedish slamra (“to pound, beat, make a clatter, rattle”), Norwegian Nynorsk slamra (“to sway, dangle”).

правя капо

card games: to defeat by winning all the tricks

The Armenian football team has slammed the Turks 6–0.

(transitive, sports slang) To defeat or overcome in a match.

(basketball) To dunk forcefully, to slam dunk.


slam

en-noun

slam (countable and uncountable, plural slams)

(countable, tennis) One of the competitions of the yearly Grand Slam events.


slam

→ French: chelem
→ English: chelem

Unknown and long-speculated, though perhaps at least reinforced by Etymology 1. Doublet of chelem.

In the 125 Grand Prix, I. D. Fuller (4) made it a grand slam by setting the fastest time trial, winning his heat and getting the checkered flag in the final.

1955 August, “Carolina Grand Prix Benefits Crippled Children”, in American Motorcyclist, volume 9, number 8, page 21:

I have never been a fan of tennis, I'll be honest, but even I can appreciate a great tennis player when I see one, and one of the finest of all was the American champion, Andre Agassi. Agassi was at one time number one in the world. He won eight grand slam titles (including a Wimbledon title) and a gold medal in the Olympic Games.

2012, Mark Stibbe, I am Your Father: What every heart needs to know, →ISBN, page 178:

Musso then passed Collins and, only briefly, it looked as though there might be a Ferrari grand slam.

2014, Anthony Pritchard, Grand Prix Ferrari: The Years of Enzo Ferrari’s Power, 1948-1980, →ISBN:

(countable, sports) Winning all (or all but one) of the available, major or specified events in a given year or sports season.


blind

From Middle English blynd, from Old English blind, from Proto-West Germanic *blind, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.


snipe

From Middle English snipe, snype (a type of bird), from Old Norse snípa, as in mýrisnípa (“moor snipe”). Akin to Norwegian snipe.
The verb originated in the 1770s among soldiers in British India where a hunter skilled enough to kill the elusive snipe was dubbed a "sniper". The term sniper was first attested in 1824 in the sense of the word "sharpshooter".

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-snipe.wav


snipe

en-verb

snipe (third-person singular simple present snipes, present participle sniping, simple past and past participle sniped)

snipes (present singular third-person)
sniping (participle present)
sniped (participle past)
sniped (past)


wavy

en-adj

wavy (comparative wavier, superlative waviest)

wavier (comparative)
waviest (superlative)

Per pale erm. and az. a fess wavy gu.

1874, John Woody Papworth, An Alphabetical Dictionary of Coats of Arms Belonging to Families in Great Britain and Ireland: Forming an Extensive Ordinary of British Armorials; Upon an Entirely New Plan ..., page 708:

Parted per fess wavy gu. and arg.; over all a lion passant sa. pierced with a dagger ppr., hafted and pommelled of the second, the haft appearing between the shoulders and the point under the belly, tending towards the hind legs[…]

1893, James Balfour Paul, An Ordinary of Arms Contained in the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, page 105:

(heraldry) Undé, in a wavy line; applied to ordinaries, or division lines, especially to symbolize a river.


rive

en-verb

rive (third-person singular simple present rives, present participle riving, simple past rived or rove or rave, past participle rived or riven)

rives (present singular third-person)
riving (participle present)
rived (past)
rove (past)
rave (past)
rived (participle past)
riven (participle past)

From Middle English riven (“to rive”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse rífa (“to rend, tear apart”), from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną (“to tear, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to crumble, tear”).
Cognate with Danish rive (“to tear”), Old Frisian rīva (“to tear”), Old English ārǣfan (“to let loose, unwrap”), Old Norse ript (“breach of contract, rift”), Norwegian Bokmål rive (“to tear”), Swedish riva (”to tear”) and Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”). More at rift.

cog

(woodworking) To use a technique of splitting or sawing wood radially from a log (e.g. clapboards).


sneak

Possibly from Middle English sniken (“to creep, crawl”), from Old English snīcan (“to creep, crawl”), from Proto-West Germanic *snīkan, from Proto-Germanic *snīkaną (“to creep, crawl”), which is related to the root of snake. Compare Danish snige (“to sneak”), Swedish snika (“to sneak, hanker after”), Icelandic sníkja (“to sneak, hanker after”). Possibly related to snitch.

cog

(obsolete, cricket) A ball bowled so as to roll along the ground; a daisy-cutter

(American football) A play where the quarterback receives the snap and immediately dives forward.


shack

en-noun

shack (countable and uncountable, plural shacks)

Obsolete variant of shake. Compare Scots shag (“refuse of barley or oats”).

(fishing) Bait that can be picked up at sea.


vignette

First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”), from Latin vīnea, from vīnum (“wine”). Replaced earlier Middle English vynet.

At the top of the stamp and centered slightly to the right is the wording, “U. S. Postage,” in white Gothic. Below the vignette are the words, “Little White House,” in quotations, with “Warm Springs,” centered directly below in dark Gothic, […]

1967, Postage Stamps of the United States, U.S. Government Printing Office:

(philately) The central pictorial image on a postage stamp.

(photography) The characteristic of a camera lens, either by deficiency in design or by mismatch of the lens with the film format, that produces an image smaller than the film's frame with a crudely focused border. Photographers may deliberately choose this characteristic for a special effect.

winieta

photography: the characteristic of a camera lens

(photography) Any effect in a photographic picture where qualities vanish towards the edges.


waster

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waster.wav

Or, as they that play at wasters exercise themselves by a few cudgels how to avoid an enemy's blows, let us arm ourselves against all such violent incursions which may invade our minds.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 6:

(obsolete, chiefly fencing) A kind of cudgel; also, a blunt-edged sword used as a foil.


fret

From Middle English frēten (“to decorate”), from Old French freté, freter, fretter (“to fret (decorate with an interlacing pattern)”), from Old French fret (from fraindre (“to break”), from Latin frangō (“to break, shatter”), from Proto-Italic *frangō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”)) + Old French -er (suffix forming verbs) (from Latin -āre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃enh₂- (“to burden, charge”)).

der

DIAPERED, or Diapre, in heraldry, the dividing of a field in planes, like fret-work, and filling the ſame with variety of figures. This chiefly obtains on bordures, which are diapered or fretted over, and the frets charged with things proper for bordures.

1764, Temple Henry Croker, Thomas Williams, Samuel Clark [et al.], “DIAPERED”, in The Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, volume I, London: Printed for the authors, and sold by J. Wilson & J. Fell, Pater-noster Row; [et al.], →OCLC:

(heraldry) A saltire interlaced with a mascle.


glute

The hamstrings also get worked in a number of quad and glute moves.

2010, Adam Garett, “Fried Hams”, in Reps!, 17:23:

(exercise, colloquial) A gluteal muscle.


yoke

From Middle English yok, yoke, ȝok from Old English ġeoc (“yoke”), from Proto-Germanic *juką (“yoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”), from *yewg- (“to join; to tie together, yoke”). Doublet of yuga, jugum, yoga and possibly yogh.
Senses 3.1 (“area of arable land”) and 3.2 (“amount of work done with draught animals”) probably referred to the area of land that could generally be ploughed by yoked draught animals within a given time.

poikkipuu

linking or supporting object that resembles a yoke

sauva

device with crosspieces used to control an aircraft

iugum

unit of land area notionally equivalent to the area a team of yoked draft animals can work in a day

Nothing says you're a dedicated lifter and true athlete more than a massive yoke—that is, the muscles of the neck, traps, and rear delts.

2010 April, Sean Hyson, Jim Wendler, “Build an NFL Neck”, in Men’s Fitness, New York, N.Y.: American Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 73; reproduced as “The Big Yoke Workout”, in Men’s Journal, accessed 19 November 2021, archived from the original on 2021-11-19:

Senses relating to a frame around the neck.

Any of various linking or supporting objects that resembles a yoke (sense 1.1); a crosspiece, a curved bar, etc.

(bodybuilding) Well-developed muscles of the neck and shoulders.

niska- ja hartialihakset

well-developed muscles of the neck and shoulders

(glassblowing) A Y-shaped stand used to support a blowpipe or punty while reheating in the glory hole.

pidike

(glassblowing) Y-shaped stand used to support a blowpipe or punty while reheating in the glory hole


route

From Middle English route, from Old French route, from Latin [rupta] via (literally “a path made by force”). Compare Modern French route.

(horse racing) A race longer than one mile.


reach

From Middle English rechen, from Old English rǣċan (“to reach”), from Proto-West Germanic *raikijan, from Proto-Germanic *raikijaną, from the Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind, reach”).

(boxing) The distance a boxer's arm can extend to land a blow.

ulottuvuus

boxing: distance a boxer's arm can extend


spike

From Middle English spike, spyke, spik, from Old Norse spík (“spike, sprig”), from Proto-Germanic *spīkō (“stick, splinter, point”), from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“to be pointed; sharp point, stick”). Cognate with Icelandic spík (“spike”), Swedish spik (“spike, nail”), Dutch spijker (“nail”), Old English spīcing (“spike”), and Latin spīca (“ear of corn”), which may have influenced some senses.

шпайкове

informal: running shoes with spikes in the soles

(volleyball) An attack from, usually, above the height of the net performed with the intent to send the ball straight to the floor of the opponent or off the hands of the opposing block.


spike

en-verb

spike (third-person singular simple present spikes, present participle spiking, simple past and past participle spiked)

spikes (present singular third-person)
spiking (participle present)
spiked (participle past)
spiked (past)

(volleyball) To attack from, usually, above the height of the net with the intent to send the ball straight to the floor of the opponent or off the hands of the opposing block.

to spike the football

“No one is spiking the football yet,” Mr. Kahl said.

2022 September 13, Julian E. Barnes, Eric Schmitt, Helene Cooper, quoting Colin Kahl, “The Critical Moment Behind Ukraine’s Rapid Advance”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(American football slang) To slam the football to the ground, usually in celebration of scoring a touchdown, or to stop expiring time on the game clock after snapping the ball as to save time for the losing team to attempt to score the tying or winning points.


slice

From Middle English sclise, sklise, from Old French esclice, esclis (“a piece split off”), deverbal of esclicer, esclicier (“to splinter, split up”), from Frankish *slitjan (“to split up”), from Proto-Germanic *slitjaną, from Proto-Germanic *slītaną (“to split, tear apart”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyd- (“to rend, injure, crumble”). Akin to Old High German sliz, gisliz (“a tear, rip”), Old High German slīzan (“to tear”), Old English slītan (“to split up”), modern French éclisse. More at slite, slit.

der

(golf) A shot that (for the right-handed player) curves unintentionally to the right. See fade, hook, draw.

(falconry) A hawk's or falcon's dropping which squirts at an angle other than vertical. (See mute.)


slice

en-verb

slice (third-person singular simple present slices, present participle slicing, simple past and past participle sliced)

slices (present singular third-person)
slicing (participle present)
sliced (participle past)
sliced (past)

no matter how thin you slice it, it's still baloney

(transitive, golf) To hit a shot that slices (travels from left to right for a right-handed player).

svirgolare

(golf) to hit a shot that travels to one side

(transitive, rowing) To angle the blade so that it goes too deeply into the water when starting to take a stroke.

Chris Brunt sliced the spot-kick well wide but his error was soon forgotten as Olsson headed home from a corner.

2011 October 22, Sam Sheringham, “Aston Villa 1 – 2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive, soccer) To kick the ball so that it goes in an unintended direction, at too great an angle or too high.

(transitive, tennis) To hit the ball with a stroke that causes a spin, resulting in the ball swerving or staying low after a bounce.


scout

From Middle English scout, scoult, from Old French escoute (“action of listening”), verbal noun from escouter (“to listen, heed”), from Latin auscultō (“to listen”). The verb comes from the noun.

der

(UK, cricket) A fielder in a game for practice.


extra

(cricket) A run scored without the ball having hit the striker's bat - a wide, bye, leg bye or no ball.


wedgie

(basketball, slang) A basketball stuck between the rim and the backboard following a field goal, free throw, rebound, or block attempt.


chugger

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-chugger.wav

(fishing) A type of fish lure or fly that makes a popping or chugging sound when twitched.


reserve

en-noun

reserve (countable and uncountable, plural reserves)

اِحْتِيَاط

that which is reserved or kept back, as for future use

рэзерва́цыя

tract of land reserved for Aboriginal people

Something initially kept back for later use in recreation.

(sports) A member of a team who does not participate from the start of the game, but can be used to replace tired or injured team-mates.


purchase

purchase (countable and uncountable, plural purchases)

From Middle English purchasen, from Anglo-Norman purchacer (“seek to obtain”) from pur- (from Latin pro-) + chac(i)er (“to chase, pursue”). Compare Old French porchacier (“to follow, to chase”), which has given French pourchasser (“to chase without relent”).

cog

At first, he was climbing down, testing for purchase with his feet. But soon, as the entire section of ground rotated, he was lifted into the air, and up and down flipped around.

2015, Hao Jingfang, “Folding Beijing”, in Ken Liu, transl., Uncanny Magazine, number 2:

(climbing, uncountable) The amount of hold one has from an individual foothold or ledge.

fogás

the amount of hold one has from an individual foothold or ledge


runoff

en-noun

runoff (countable and uncountable, plural runoffs)

(sports) A second or further round of a competition, after other competitors (often all but the last two) have been eliminated.

döntő

sports: a second or further round of a competition, after other competitors (often all but the last two) have been eliminated


sanguine

sanguine (countable and uncountable, plural sanguines)

From Middle English sanguine, from Old French sanguin, ultimately from Latin sanguineus (“of blood”), from sanguis (“blood”), of uncertain origin, perhaps Proto-Indo-European *h₁sh₂-én-, from *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”). Doublet of sanguineous.

(heraldry) A tincture, seldom used, of a blood-red colour (not to be confused with murrey).


pointless

en-adj

pointless (comparative more pointless, superlative most pointless)

more pointless (comparative)
most pointless (superlative)

From Middle English pointles, poynteles, poyntlees; equivalent to point + -less.

After four matches and four defeats, United remain pointless at the foot of the table.


fo shizzle

Blend of for sure + -izzle (rhyming ending). Popularized by rap artist Snoop Dogg; see -izzle for details. Fo shizzle is a direct derivative of Fa Sheezy popularized by E40. They both share the same meaning are used interchangeably. Both words first appeared on media in 1996 on Bay Area Rapper E40's "Rapper's Ball".

blend

2001, Shawn Corey “Jay-Z” Carter, “Izzo (H.O.V.A.)”, The Blueprint, Roc-A-Fella and Island Def Jam
H to the izz-O, V to the izz-A
Fo’ shizzle my nizzle used to dribble down in VA

2002, Calvin Cordozar “Snoop Dogg” Broadus, Jr., “Beautiful”, Paid tha Co$t to Be da Bo$$, Doggystyle Records, Priority Records, and Capitol Records
Guy on phone: Yo dogg we on the way to do the video
Snoop: Fo shizzle!

Conversely, I was also a little jealous because it did sound a bit cool to have a church named after me, complete with my photo on the side of buses so that everyone would know that I was pastor izzle fo’ shizzle.

2006, Mark Driscoll, Confessions of a Reformission Rev.: Hard Lessons from an Emerging Missional Church, Zondervan, →ISBN, page 49:

(slang, hip-hop) For sure; of course; right on


IRL

(motor racing) Initialism of Indy Racing League.


ringer

Some senses may derive from ring the changes (“run through variations; enliven; pass counterfeit money; trick a shopkeeper into giving too much change”).

(sports) A person highly proficient at a skill or sport who is brought in, often fraudulently, to supplement a team.

(horse racing) A horse fraudulently entered in a race using the name of another horse.


server

→ Danish: server

→ Dutch: server

→ German: Server

→ Hindi: सर्वर (sarvar)

→ Hungarian: szerver

→ Italian: server m

→ Japanese: サーバー (sābā)

→ Korean: 서버 (seobeo)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: server, sørver

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: server, sørvar

→ Persian: سرور

→ Polish: serwer

→ Portuguese: server

→ Romanian: server n

→ Russian: се́рвер (sérver)

desc

→ Thai: เซิร์ฟเวอร์ (sə́əp-wə̂ə)

→ Thai: เซิร์ฟเวอร์ (sə́əp-wə̂ə)

→ Turkish: server

From Middle English servere, equivalent to serve + -er.

(tennis, volleyball) The player who serves the ball.

One who serves.
The player who serves the ball.


survive

en-verb

survive (third-person singular simple present survives, present participle surviving, simple past and past participle survived)

survives (present singular third-person)
surviving (participle present)
survived (participle past)
survived (past)

From Anglo-Norman survivre, Old French survivre, from Late Latin supervivere (“to outlive”), from Latin super (“over”) + vivere (“to live”), akin to vita (“life”). See vivid. Compare devive, revive.

(transitive, sports) Of a team, to avoid relegation or demotion to a lower division or league.


booger

Watch the local boogers charge it!

(surfing, slang, mildly derogatory) A bodyboarder.


seagull

seagull (third-person singular simple present seagulls, present participle seagulling, simple past and past participle seagulled)

seagulls (present singular third-person)
seagulling (participle present)
seagulled (participle past)
seagulled (past)

From sea + gull. The second element is from a Brythonic language. Compare Welsh gwylan, Breton gouelan.

[…] and when you need cover for the fullback because of the bombs raining down, when the walking maul requires every forward to quit seagulling and actually do some hard graft, then the rest of the game opens up.

2002 September 24, Greig Blanchett, “Re: The Immorality of the Drop Goal”, in rec.sport.rugby.union (Usenet):

On hand was seagulling number eight Dave Hodges to cross for the all-important try.

2002 December 13, “Sharks beached at Stradey”, in BBC Sport:

That occurred in the 12th minute when flanker George Smith, seagulling out wide, enjoyed the rewards of a two-man overlap to score.

2003 November 2, Greg Growden, “Australia survives scare”, in The Age:

France was full of running and continued to spread the ball wide or kick in behind the defence, where towering right-winger Aurelien Rougerie and the seagulling French back row had a height advantage contesting the high ball.

2003 November 10, Mark Fuller, “Impeccable France outclasses Ireland”, in The Age:

Samo seagulled for Australia's final try two minutes from time.

2011 September 24, Darren Walton, “Injuries sour Wallabies 67-5 win over USA”, in MSN NZ:

(British, Australia, New Zealand, rugby slang, of a forward) To run in the back line rather than concentrate on primary positional duties in open play.


spare

From Middle English spare, spar, from Old English spær (“sparing, scant”), from Proto-Germanic *sparaz, from Proto-Indo-European *sph₁rós, from the root *speh₁-.
Compare Dutch spaar(zaam), German spar(sam) and spär(lich), Swedish spar(sam), Icelandic sparr (“sparing”); also Latin (pro)sperus (“lucky”), Old Church Slavonic споръ (sporŭ, “plentiful”), Albanian shperr (“earn money”), Persian سپار (sepâr, “entrust; deposit”), Ancient Greek σπαρνός (sparnós, “rare”), Sanskrit स्फिर (sphirá, “thick”).

cog

(bowling) The right of bowling again at a full set of pins, after having knocked all the pins down in less than three bowls. If all the pins are knocked down in one bowl it is a double spare; in two bowls, a single spare.

(bowling) The act of knocking down all remaining pins in second ball of a frame; this entitles the pins knocked down on the next ball to be added to the score for that frame.


stack

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stack.wav

From Middle English stack, stacke, stakke, stak, from Old Norse stakkr (“a barn; haystack; heap; pile”), from Proto-Germanic *stakkaz (“a barn; rick; haystack”), which per Kroonen (arguing for the controversial Kluge's law) is from *stogʰ-nós, cognate with Ancient Greek στόχος (stokhos), but unclear whether he derives *stogʰ-nós from a Proto-Indo-European *stegʰ- (“pole; rod; stick; stake”). Per Pokorny et al., from PIE *(s)teg- (“stake, pole, rod, stick, beam”) and cognate with Latin tignum ("tree trunk, beam, log"), but not cognate with Ancient Greek στόχος.
The data structure sense is a calque of Dutch stapel, introduced by Edsger W. Dijkstra.
Cognate with Icelandic stakkur (“stack”), Swedish stack (“stack”), Danish stak (“stack”), Norwegian stakk (“stack”). Related to stake and sauna.

der

(bodybuilding) A blend of various dietary supplements or anabolic steroids with supposed synergistic benefits.


reverse dunk

(basketball) A dunk in which the player's back is to the basket when the ball is dunked.


thunderdunk

(basketball) An extremely forceful dunk.


lob jam

From the two aspects of the play: a lob pass and a jam shot by the receiver.

(basketball, rare) Synonym of alley oop.


punk

en-noun

punk (countable and uncountable, plural punks)

Uncertain. Possibly from punk ("rotten wood dust used as tinder", attested since 1678; see Etymology 2 below) to anything worthless (attested since 1869) and then to any undesirable person (since 1908).

gl

(countable, US slang) A worthless person, particularly:

(circus slang) A young, untrained animal or worker.

A worthless person
A young, untrained animal or worker.


peel

en-noun

peel (countable and uncountable, plural peels)

From Middle English pelen, from Old English pilian and Old French peler, pellier; both from Latin pilō, pilāre (“to remove hair from, depilate”), from pilus (“hair”). Doublet of pill.

der

(countable, rugby) The action of peeling away from a formation.

ganda

(Rugby football) The action of peeling away from a formation


peel

(Scotland, curling) An equal or match; a draw.

(curling) A takeout which removes a stone from play as well as the delivered stone.


peel

en-verb

peel (third-person singular simple present peels, present participle peeling, simple past and past participle peeled)

peels (present singular third-person)
peeling (participle present)
peeled (participle past)
peeled (past)


wreath

From Middle English wreth, wrethe (“coiled or rounded shape; decorative garland, wreath; chaplet, crown; ring”, noun), from Old English wrǣd, wrǣð, wriþa (“bandage”), from from Proto-West Germanic *wrīþan (“to twist; to weave”), from Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną (“to twist; to weave”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to twist”). Doublet of wreathe and writhe.

inh

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909

(heraldry) An appendage to the shield, placed above it, and supporting the crest; an orle, a torse. It generally represents a twist of two cords of silk, one tinctured like the principal metal, the other like the principal color in the coat of arms.


feud

Oxford English Dictionary
Survey of English Dialects

Inherited from Northern Middle English fede, feide, from Old French faide, feide, fede, from Proto-West Germanic *faihiþu (“hatred, enmity”) (corresponding to foe + -th), from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“hostile”).
Cognate to Old English fǣhþ, fǣhþu, fǣhþo (“hostility, enmity, violence, revenge, vendetta”), German Fehde, and Dutch vete (“feud”) (directly inherited from Proto-West Germanic) alongside Danish fejde (“feud, enmity, hostility, war”) and Swedish fejd (“feud, controversy, quarrel, strife”) (borrowed from Middle Low German).

der

professional wrestling
professional wrestling

(professional wrestling) A staged rivalry between wrestlers.


stacked

en-adj

stacked (comparative more stacked, superlative most stacked)

more stacked (comparative)
most stacked (superlative)

The addition of Holiday is especially auspicious because while the team is stacked with great offensive players, it is a little lacking on defense, and he fills that gap.

2021 July 23, Eve Peyser, “U.S. Men's Basketball Had a Rocky Tokyo Olympics Start. I'm Still Excited.”, in New York Magazine:

(sports, video games, of a team) Having many skilled players.


snap

en-noun

snap (countable and uncountable, plural snaps)

From Dutch snappen (“to bite; seize”) or Low German snappen (“to bite; seize”), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *snappōn, from Proto-Germanic *snappōną (“to snap; snatch; chatter”), intensive form of *snapāną (”to snap; grab”, whence Old Norse snapa (“to get; scrounge”)), from Proto-Indo-European *snop-; compare Lithuanian snãpas (“beak, bill”). (One alternative hypothesis links the Germanic words to *snu-, an expressive root deriving words meaning “nose”, “snout”, “sniff” etc., but this is phonetically unsound.) In any case influenced by onomatopoeia; note expressions such as snip-snap, containing the formally unrelated snip.
Cognate with West Frisian snappe (“to get; catch; snap”), German schnappen (“to grab”), Swedish snappa (“to snatch”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

gloss

”to snap; grab”, whence Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">snapa</i> (“to get; scrounge”)

sound-symbolic

expressive

onom

onomatopoeia

cog

According to Pro Football Focus, Simmons, listed at 6-foot-4 and 238 pounds, played at least 100 snaps at five positions — slot cornerback, edge rusher, linebacker and both safety spots — and finished with 16½ tackles for a loss, eight sacks, eight pass deflections and three interceptions.

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) A backward pass or handoff of a football from its position on the ground that puts the ball in play; a hike.

(fishing) A small device resembling a safety pin, used to attach the bait or lure to the line.


snap

en-verb

snap (third-person singular simple present snaps, present participle snapping, simple past and past participle snapped or (obsolete) snapt)

snaps (present singular third-person)
snapping (participle present)
snapped (participle past)
snapped (past)
snapt (obsolete participle past)
snapt (obsolete past)

sound-symbolic

expressive

onom

onomatopoeia

захапвам

to attempt to seize with the teeth or bite

napsauttaa

to cause something to emit a snapping sound

He can snap the ball to a back twenty yards behind him.

(transitive, American football) To put (a football) in play by a backward pass or handoff from its position on the ground; to hike (a football).

antaa aloitussyöttö

to pass the ball from the center to a back, to hike the ball

(cricket, transitive) To catch out sharply (a batsman who has just snicked a bowled ball).


stumped

en-adj

stumped (comparative more stumped, superlative most stumped)

more stumped (comparative)
most stumped (superlative)

(cricket, of a batsman, not comparable) out as a result of the wicket-keeper breaking the wicket with the ball while the batsman is out of his crease.


slam dunk

(basketball) An impressively forceful dunk.


offside

offside (comparative more offside, superlative most offside)

more offside (comparative)
most offside (superlative)

(sports) In an illegal position ahead of the ball, puck, etc.

афса́йд

in an illegal position ahead of the ball


offside

→ Czech: ofsajd

→ Macedonian: офсајд (ofsajd)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ȍfsājd, о̏фса̄јд


half-court line

en-noun

half-court line (plural half-court lines)

(basketball) The line parallel to the end lines and midway between them.


half-court violation

half-court violation (plural half-court violations)

(basketball) A turnover occurring when the team with possession, having brought the ball over the half-court line causes it to cross back over the line without interference from the other team.


charity stripe

(US, basketball, informal) The free-throw line.


triptych

From Ancient Greek τρίπτυχος (tríptukhos, “consisting of three layers, threefold”), from τρι- (tri-) + πτυχή (ptukhḗ, “a fold”).

uder

Hieronymus Bosch
The Garden of Earthly Delights
triptych

(by extension) A group of three people or works, especially when considered representative of a particular field or theme.

(philately) A set of three se-tenant postage stamps that form a composite picture.


free-throw lane

en-noun

free-throw lane (plural free-throw lanes)

Players must remain outside the free-throw lane until the ball leaves the free-throw shooter's hands.

(basketball) The rectangular or trapezoidal area between the free-throw line and the end line.


shotgun offense

shotgun offense (plural shotgun offenses)

(American football) An offense in which the quarterback sets up at a distance behind the center and the ball is snapped through the air.


zone defense

zone defense (countable and uncountable, plural zone defenses)

Outside shooting is essential to beating a zone defense.

(basketball, soccer) A defense in which each player covers an area of the court.


fast break

Their pressure defense gives them a lot of fast breaks off of steals.

(basketball) An offensive play in which a team, having won possession of the ball, moves the ball downcourt as quickly as possible, attempting to get an easy shot before the defense can set up.


points in the paint

(basketball, colloquial) Points scored from within the free-throw lane.


lane violation

(basketball) The act of entering the free-throw lane before the free-throw shot has left the shooter's hands.


man-to-man defense

man-to-man defense (plural man-to-man defenses)

They'll have trouble playing a man-to-man against such a fast guard and tall center.

(basketball) A defense in which each player guards a particular opposing player.


airball

* air + ball
* The first recorded use of the "airball" chant was on February 24, 1979, during a college basketball game between the Duke University Blue Devils and the North Carolina Tar Heels after the Tar Heels' Rich Yonakor took a shot which missed the rim.

As soon as the shot left his hands, the spectators could see it was going to be an airball.

(basketball) A shot that misses the backboard, rim and net entirely.


airball

en-verb

airball (third-person singular simple present airballs, present participle airballing, simple past and past participle airballed)

airballs (present singular third-person)
airballing (participle present)
airballed (participle past)
airballed (past)


DFA

(baseball) Initialism of designated for assignment.


SF

en-noun

SF (countable and uncountable, plural SFs)

→ Japanese: エスエフ, SF (SF)

(basketball) Initialism of small forward.


SF

Super Formula
w:en:Super Formula Championship

(motor racing) Initialism of Super Formula.


skate

en-verb

skate (third-person singular simple present skates, present participle skating, simple past and past participle skated)

skates (present singular third-person)
skating (participle present)
skated (participle past)
skated (past)

Back-formation from Dutch schaats, from Middle Dutch schāetse, from Old Northern French escache (“a stilt, trestle”) (compare French échasse and English scatch), from a Germanic language, perhaps Frankish *skakkjā (“stilt”, literally “thing that moves”), related to *skakan (“to shake, swing”).


skate

(skiing) Pertaining to the technique of skating.


serve

receive

From Middle English serven, from Old French servir, from Latin serviō (“be a slave; serve”), from Latin servus (“slave; servant”), which perhaps derives from Etruscan (compare Etruscan proper names 𐌔𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌉 (servi), 𐌔𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌄 (serve)), or from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“watch over, protect”).

Whose serve is it?

He had no power serve of his own, no backhand, no volley, no lob, no idea of pace or tactics.

1961 January 13, Marshall Smith, “From Waif to a Winner, the Clown of the Courts”, in Life, page 99:

The first serve of the game is from the right half court to the half diagonally opposite.

Against a serve of the calibre of McEnroe′s, an opponent will try to anticipate the ball′s direction and lean either to the left or to the right, depending on where he feels the server will go.

2009, Mihnea Moldoveanu, Roger L. Martin, Diaminds: Decoding the Mental Habits of Successful Thinkers, page 31:

(sports) An act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play in various games.

إِرْسَال

sports: act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play


serve

en-verb

serve (third-person singular simple present serves, present participle serving, simple past and past participle served)

serves (present singular third-person)
serving (participle present)
served (participle past)
served (past)

desc

→ Thai: เสิร์ฟ (sə̀əp)

→ Thai: เสิร์ฟ (sə̀əp)

In women's tennis the need to serve more effectively has become greater in recent years because the game is being played more aggressively, and rallies are becoming shorter as a result.

2007, Rob Antoun, Women's Tennis Tactics, page 2:

(transitive, intransitive, sports) To lead off with the first delivery over the net in tennis, volleyball, ping pong, badminton etc.

сервирам

sports: to lead off with first delivery (of the ball)


FT

en-noun

FT (countable and uncountable, plural FTs)


pearl

pearl (countable and uncountable, plural pearls)

Horace
Jean Jannon
New Testament
Vergil
en:pearl
en:pearl (disambiguation)
en:pearl (typography)

From Middle English perle, from Old French perle of uncertain etymology. Probably via unattested Medieval Latin *pernula, from Latin perna (“haunch; a marine bivalve shaped like a leg of lamb”) but also derived from Medieval Latin perla, from Latin perula (“little bag”). Its typographic use follows the name given by Jean Jannon to the type used in his miniature editions of Vergil, Horace, & the New Testament in the 1620s, which were the smallest printed works to his time. Its surfing use derives from the supposed resemblance to pearl diving.

der

Errol. Pearl three Escutcheons Ruby. / Elgin. Topaz a Saltier and Chief Ruby, on a Canton Pearl a Lyon Rampant Saphyr, which last is their paternal Coat; and the Field Topaz, and Saltier, and Chief Ruby, was the Arms of King Robert the Bruce, they altering the Field from Pearl (as he bore it) to Topaz.

1720, Francis Nichols, Rudiments of Honour, page 296:

The Field is Ruby, on a Bend Topaz, three Martlets Diamond. The Armes of the most Noble and Puissant Lord, Edward Brabazon, Earl of Meath, and Baron of Atherdee in the Kingdom of Ireland. His Lordship's Atchievements are Quarterly of sixteen Coats. 1. Brabazon, as above. 2. Diamond, on a Chevron between three Pickaxes Pearl, as many Mullets Ruby, by the Name of Mosley. 3. Saphire, ten Bezants, 4, 3, 2, 1, by the Bisset. 4. Pearl, on a Bend Diamond, nine Annulets conjoined in three Links Topaz.

1726, John Guillim, The Banner Display'd; Or, an Abridgment of Guillim, page 504:

(1) Pearl, a Cross, Ruby, with the Effigies of our Saviour thereon, Topaz, born in Memory of one of the Family's fighting against the Turks.

1754, John Lodge, The Peerage of Ireland; Or, a Genealogical History of the ..., page 71:

(heraldry) Argent, in blazoning by precious stones.


pearl

en-verb

pearl (third-person singular simple present pearls, present participle pearling, simple past and past participle pearled)

pearls (present singular third-person)
pearling (participle present)
pearled (participle past)
pearled (past)

Used a pointed tip today and learned why I kept pearling with my round tipped board. Round noses like to dig into the water, causing frustrating wipeouts.

1999, Joanne VanMeter https://web.archive.org/web/20071027111258/http://www.letsplay.net/archive99/020399.shtml

(intransitive, surfing) To sink the nose of one's surfboard into the water, often on takeoff.

He couldn't even turn the board or raise the nose. Consequently, the board pearled, nose-dived into the water, throwing Lee off almost like being thrown from a horse. But he persisted.

2017, Jian, Sh-Boom: The Way of the World:

(intransitive, surfing) Of the nose of the surfboard: to sink in this manner.


impression

en-noun

impression (countable and uncountable, plural impressions)

From Old French impression, from Latin impressio.

(engraving) A print on paper from a wood block, metal plate, etc.


bunny

From bun (“rabbit”) + -y (diminutive suffix). Probably from Scottish Gaelic bun (“bottom, butt, stump, stub”), from Old Irish bun (“the thick end of anything, base, butt, foot”), from Proto-Celtic *bonus, though its origin is uncertain. Compare also English bum. Together with rabbit, bunny has largely displaced its former rhyme cony (see cony for more).

der

(sports) In basketball, an easy shot (i.e., one right next to the bucket) that is missed.


bunny

en-adj

bunny (comparative bunnier, superlative bunniest)

bunnier (comparative)
bunniest (superlative)

Let’s start on the bunny slope.

We are on the bunniest of bunny hills. I've fallen no fewer than six times and I love every minute of it.

2014, Carey Heywood, Sawyer Says: A Companion Novel to Him and Her, →ISBN:


track

→ Kashubian: trak (Canada)

From Middle English trak, tracke, from Old French trac (“track of horses, trail, trace”), of uncertain origin. Likely from a Germanic source, either Old Norse traðk ("a track; path; trodden spot"; > Icelandic traðk (“a track; path; tread”), Faroese traðk (“track; tracks”), Norwegian tråkke (“to trample”)) or from Middle Dutch trec, *trac, treck ("line, row, series"; > Dutch trek (“a draft; feature; trait; groove; expedition”)), German Low German Treck (“a draught; movement; passage; flow”). See tread, trek.

gloss

"line, row, series"; > Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">trek</i> (“a draft; feature; trait; groove; expedition”)

cog

I'm going to try out for track next week.

The University of Virginia belongs to the Atlantic Coast Conference and competes interscholastically in basketball, baseball, crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, indoor track, lacrosse, polo, soccer, swimming, tennis, track, and wrestling.

1973, University of Virginia Undergraduate Record:

(uncountable, sports) The racing events of track and field; track and field in general.


addorsed

From Latin ad + dorsum, "back": compare French adossé.

EDGHILL, a falcon, wings addorsed and inverted, supporting with dexter a carved shield, charged with a cinquefoil, […]

2012 February 3, James Fairbairn, Fairbairn’s Crests of the Families of Great Britain and Ireland, Andrews UK Limited, →ISBN, page 165:

(heraldry, of animals or wings) Set back to back, facing away from each other.


crunch

From earlier craunch, cranch, of imitative origin.

But even I draw the line at “doing crunches” in designer clothes. Fashion sneakers are for swanking around the shops, not for running in. And so, like everyone else, I wear grotty old tracksuits earmarked for Oxfam, and tragic free festival T-shirts that give away my age.

2017 November 16, Jo Ellison, “Help: the gym has turned us into slobs”, in Financial Times:

(exercise) A form of abdominal exercise, based on a sit-up but in which the lower back remains in contact with the floor.

捲腹

form of abdominal exercise based on a sit-up


paddle

en-noun

paddle (countable and uncountable, plural paddles)

→ Danish: paddel, padle

Partly from the verb paddle ("to splash, dabble"; see below) and partly from Middle English padell (“small spade”).
Middle English padell is from Medieval Latin padela, itself of uncertain origin: perhaps an alteration of Middle English *spaddle (see also spaddle), a diminutive of spade; or from Latin patella (“pan, plate”), the diminutive of patina, or a merger of the two. Compare Ancient Greek πηδάλιον (pēdálion, “rudder, steering oar”), derived from πηδός (pēdós, “the blade of an oar; an oar”).

cog

(sports, uncountable) Alternative form of padel


GC

en-noun

GC (countable and uncountable, plural GCs)

general classification
general classification#English

(cycling) Initialism of general classification.


lap

en-verb

lap (third-person singular simple present laps, present participle lapping, simple past and past participle lapped or (archaic) lapt)

laps (present singular third-person)
lapping (participle present)
lapped (participle past)
lapped (past)
lapt (archaic participle past)
lapt (archaic past)

From Middle English lappen (“to fold, wrap”) from earlier wlappen (“to fold, wrap”), from Old English *wlappan, *wlæppan, *wlappian (“to wrap”), from Proto-Germanic *wlapp-, *wrapp- (“to wrap, fold, roll up, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend, turn”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch lappen (“to wrap up, embrace”), dialectal Danish vravle (“to wind”), Old Italian goluppare (“to wrap, fold up”) (from Germanic). Doublet of wrap. Also related to envelop, develop.
The sense of "to get a lap ahead (of someone) on a track" is from 1847, on notion of "overlapping." The noun meaning "a turn around a track" (1861) is from this sense.

cog

en:overtake race competitors substantially

(transitive, sports, motor racing) To overtake a straggler in a race by completing one more whole lap than the straggler.

ohittaa kierroksella

sports, motor racing: to overtake a straggler in a race


lap

to run twenty laps

to drive the fastest lap in qualifying

to win by three laps

Alonso's second place moves him into a tie on points at the head of the championship with Sebastian Vettel, who was sixth in his Red Bull, passing Button, then Hamilton and finally Mercedes driver Nico Rosberg in quick succession in the closing laps.

2012 May 13, Andrew Benson, “Williams's Pastor Maldonado takes landmark Spanish Grand Prix win”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) One circuit around a race track.

to swim two laps

(swimming) The traversal of one length of the pool, or (less commonly) one length and back again.

塘

swimming: the traversal of one length of the pool


shy

From Middle English shy (“shy”), from Old English sċēoh (“shy”), from Proto-West Germanic *skeuh (“shy, fearful”), from Proto-Germanic *skeuhaz (“shy, fearful”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian skjou (“shy”), Dutch schuw (“shy”), German scheu (“shy”), Danish sky (“shy”).
Etymology tree
Middle English shy
English shy

etymon

(Scotland, soccer) A throw-in from the sidelines, using two hands above the head.


alley oop

Borrowed from French allez-hop!, the cry of a circus acrobat about to leap. From allez (“go! let's go!”), 2nd-person plural or formal indicative form of aller, and hop, onomatopoeic.

Owens helped beat the Chicago Bears with a catch he made in the end zone;... a week later he gathered in an Alley Oop from Tittle for a victory over Green Bay.

1965, Harold Rosenthal, The Big Play, page 71:

It was a mystery how he managed to ride at all with that set-up, let alone tweak alley-oops on this natural quarter pipe!

2006, Snowboard Journal, number 10, page 29:

Kobe Bryant–to–Shaquille O'Neal alley-oops are among the most iconic and lasting NBA images of the early 2000s. The duo's alley-oop in Game 7 of the 2000 Western Conference finals stands above the rest, without a doubt.

2017, National Basketball Association, "Top Moments: Famous Alley-oop from Kobe to Shaq Caps Lakers' Comeback"

(US sports) A high and arcing pass, catch, or move, especially (basketball) a shot made by a player as part of the same jump used to catch a pass.

ponte aérea

basketball: a play in which one player catches a pass while airborne and scores


alley oop

I decided to go for the Alley-Oop pass. I knew I had to lay it in the end zone, high, and I just rared back and threw as hard as I could.

1957 November 4, Y.A. Tittle, Reno Evening Gazette, page 14:

The Oroville Tigers have adapted the San Francisco '49er football team's famed... play to their own use on the basketball court.

1959 January 21, “Oroville using ‘Alley Oop’ play”, in The Appeal–Democrat, page 6:

Do you know what an ollie to frontside 50/50 is? A stale-grab Madonna? A smith-grind to revert? An alley-oop lipslide?... They are all gravity- or death-defying tricks.

1989 November 29, The Guardian, Society, page 46:

(US skateboarding and snowboarding) Involving at least a 180-degree turn.


banger

→ Estonian: bänger

→ Finnish: bängeri

From bang + -er. The sausages were so called because of their excess water content and impervious skin, leading to the risk of explosion if not punctured before cooking.

A thing or person which bangs, in any sense.

(curling) One of the rocks that end up crashing against another, making banging sounds, after a throw.

(curling) One of the rocks that results in a score at the finish of an end.


court

→ Bulgarian: корт (kort)

→ French: court

desctree

→ Russian: корт (kort)
→ Armenian: կորտ (kort)

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

caught (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger)

From Middle English court, from Old French cort, curt, from Latin cōrtem (accusative of cōrs), ultimately from cohors. Doublet of cohort.

مَلْعَب

place for playing the game of tennis and some other ball games

The local sports club has six tennis courts and two squash courts.

The shuttlecock landed outside the court.

By one o'clock the place was choc-a-bloc. […] The restaurant was packed, and the promenade between the two main courts and the subsidiary courts was thronged with healthy-looking youngish people, drawn to the Mecca of tennis from all parts of the country.

1935, George Goodchild, chapter 5, in Death on the Centre Court:

(sports) A place arranged for playing the games of tennis, basketball, handball, badminton, volleyball, squash and some other games

The photograph at left captures a great serve by Dr. Sadowsky, who will never forget one of Bobby Riggs's serves, which had such a great spin that it landed in his court and bounced back to the other side of the net before he had a chance to return it.

one of the two divisions of a tennis, badminton or volleyball court, in which the player or players of each team play


argent

en-noun

argent (countable and uncountable, plural argents)

From Middle English argent, from Old French argent (“silver”), from Latin argentum (“white money, silver”).

argent:

The metals are gold and silver, these being termed "or" and "argent".

1909, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry:

(heraldry) The white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.


argent

... when the shield is argent, it is shown in an engraving by being left plain.

1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:

(heraldry): of white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.


result

Recorded since 1432 as Middle English resulten, from Medieval Latin resultare, in Classical Latin "to spring forward, rebound", the frequentative of the past participle of resilio (“to rebound”), from re- (“back”) + salio (“to jump, leap”).

It had been his intention to go to Wimbledon, but as he himself said: “Why be blooming well frizzled when you can hear all the results over the wireless. And results are all that concern me. […]”

1935, George Goodchild, chapter 3, in Death on the Centre Court:

The Gunners boss has been heavily criticised for his side's poor start to the Premier League season but this result helps lift the pressure.

2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport:


ones

(sports) A senior or first team (as opposed to a reserves team).


pelt

The noun is inherited from Middle English pelt (“skin of a sheep, especially without the wool”); further etymology uncertain, possibly:
* from Middle English pellet (“skin of an animal, especially a sheep”), from Anglo-Norman pelette, pellet, and Old French pelete, pelette (“thin layer, film, skin; epidermis; foreskin”), from pel (“skin; garment made of animal skin, pelisse”) (from Latin pellis (“animal skin, hide, pelt; leather; garment made of animal skin”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover; to wrap; hide; skin; cloth”)) + -ete (diminutive suffix); or
* from Late Latin peletta, pelleta, pelletta (“skin of an animal, especially a sheep”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
* Norwegian Bokmål pels (“fur; fur coat”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk pels (“fur; fur coat”)

cog

If two [hawks] are flown they are certain to fell the game at once, and the falconer is always flurried by their violent propensity to crab over the "pelt."

1852, Richard F[rancis] Burton, “A Day with the Bashah”, in Falconry in the Valley of the Indus, London: John Van Voorst, […], →OCLC, page 60:

(falconry) The body of any quarry killed by a hawk; also, a dead bird given to a hawk for food.


wane

From Middle English wane, from Old English wana (“defect, shortage”), from Proto-West Germanic *wanō, from Proto-Germanic *wanô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to leave, abandon; empty, deserted”).
Cognates
See also wan-, want, and waste. Compare also Dutch waan (“insanity”) and German Wahn (“insanity”) deprecated defect, Old Norse vanr (“lacking”) ( > Danish prefix van-, only found in compounds), Latin vanus, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 (wans, “missing, lacking”), Albanian vonë (“late, futile, mentally retarded”), Armenian ունայն (unayn, “empty”), Old Saxon and Old High German wanon (“to decrease”), Modern Dutch weinig (“a few”), Modern German weniger (“less”), comparative of wenig (“few”) (-ig being a derivate suffix; -er the suffix of comparatives). Doublet of vain, vaunt, vaniloquent, vast, vacuum, vacant, vacate, which are Latin-derived, via the PIE root.

cog

2002, Peter Ross, Appraisal and Repair of Timber Structures, p. 11,
Sapwood, or even bark, may appear on the corners, or may have been cut off, resulting in wane, or missing timber.

(woodworking) A rounded corner caused by lack of wood, often showing bark.


dunk

en-verb

dunk (third-person singular simple present dunks, present participle dunking, simple past and past participle dunked)

dunks (present singular third-person)
dunking (participle present)
dunked (participle past)
dunked (past)

From Pennsylvania German dunke, from Middle High German dunken, from Old High German dunkōn (“to dip, submerge, dunk”), from Proto-West Germanic *þunkōn (“to make wet”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *þunkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to moisten, wet”).
Cognate with German tunken (“to dunk”), Latin tingō (“to wet, moisten”), Ancient Greek τέγγω (téngō, “to wet, moisten”). Related to taint, tincture, tint.

cog

The center spun quickly and dunked the ball with authority.

(transitive, intransitive, basketball) To put the ball directly downward through the hoop while grabbing onto the rim with power.


saddlebag

/ˈsædəlˌbæɡ/

(cycling, nonstandard, by extension) pannier

(cycling) A seat pack or a seat bag (a pouch or a small bag attached to the seat or seat post of a bicycle)


shred

en-verb

shred (third-person singular simple present shreds, present participle shredding, simple past shredded, past participle shredded or shred)

shreds (present singular third-person)
shredding (participle present)
shredded (past)
shredded (participle past)
shred (participle past)
shred (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Middle English shreden, shred (“to chop, cut up; to cut, hack; to wound with a knife; to cut off a part of (something); to prune, trim”) [and other forms], from Old English sċrēadian (“to cut up, shred; to cut off; to prune, trim”), from Proto-West Germanic *skraudōn, related to Proto-West Germanic *skraudan (“to cut up; to shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudaną (“to cut up; to shred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”).
The adjective is derived from the past participle form of the verb.

nb...

schred, schredde, schrede, screde, shreade, shrede, shredde, shrid, (Early Middle English) screda, scradien, (Ormulum) shrædenn

inh

(snowboarding, surfing) To cut through (snow, water, etc.) swiftly with one's snowboard, surfboard, etc.; (by extension) to move or ride along (a road, track, etc.) aggressively and rapidly.

(bodybuilding) To reduce body weight due to fat and water before a competition.

tiputtaa

to reduce body weight due to fat and water before a competition

(snowboarding, surfing, etc.) To travel swiftly using a snowboard, surfboard, or vehicle.


clip

→ Japanese: クリップ (kurippu)

→ Portuguese: clipe

From Middle English clippen, cleppen, clüppen, from Old English clyppan (“to hug, embrace, cherish, clasp”), from Proto-Germanic *klumpijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *glemb-, *glembʰ- (“lump, clump, clod, clamp”). Cognate with Old Frisian kleppa, klippa (“to hug, embrace”), Middle High German klimpen, klimpfen (“to contract tightly, constrict, squeeze”).

(fishing, UK, Scotland) A gaff or hook for landing the fish, as in salmon fishing.


clip

en-verb

clip (third-person singular simple present clips, present participle clipping, simple past and past participle clipt or clipped)

clips (present singular third-person)
clipt (participle past)
clipt (past)
clipped (participle past)
clipped (past)

From Middle English clippen, from Old Norse klippa (“to clip, cut the hair, shear sheep”). Cognate with Icelandic klippa (“to clip”), Swedish klippa (“to clip”), Danish klippe (“to clip”), Norwegian Bokmål klippe (“to clip”).

der

(American football) To perform an illegal tackle, throwing the body across the back of an opponent's leg or hitting him from the back below the waist while moving up from behind unless the opponent is a runner or the action is in close line play.


fungo

Uncertain; perhaps from Scots fung (“to fling, throw”).

The fielding coach played fungo with the outfielders to warm them up.

Alex Rodriguez and Derek Jeter aren’t going to China to […] hit fungoes to wide-eyed Chinese kids.

2007 January 25, Murray Chass, “Yanks Hope to Get a Jump in China”, in New York Times:

(baseball) A fielding practice drill where a person hits fly balls intended to be caught.

He is so strong he could hit it out of the park with a fungo.


fungo

en-verb

fungo (third-person singular simple present fungos, present participle fungoing, simple past and past participle fungoed)

fungos (present singular third-person)
fungoing (participle present)
fungoed (participle past)
fungoed (past)

(baseball) To take part in a fielding practice drill where a person hits fly balls intended to be caught.


squat

From Middle English squatten, from Old French esquatir, escatir (“compress, press down, lay flat, crush”), from es- (“ex-”) + quatir (“press down, flatten”), from Vulgar Latin *coactire (“press together, force”), from Latin coāctus, perfect passive participle of cōgō (“force together, compress”).
The sense “nothing” may be the source or a derivation of diddly-squat.

uder

(exercise) Any of various modes of callisthenic exercises performed by moving the body and bending at least one knee.

The king of all quad exercises, and arguably the best single-weight resistance exercise, is the squat.

2001, Robert Wolff, Robert Wolff's Book of Great Workouts: Everything You Need to Know to Vary Your Routine and Keep You Motivated, Lincolnwood and Chicago, Ill.: Contemporary Books, →ISBN, pages 58–59:

barbell back squat
barbell back squat#English

(weightlifting) A specific exercise in weightlifting performed by bending deeply at the knees and then rising (back squat), especially with a barbell resting across the shoulders (barbell back squat).


squat

en-verb

squat (third-person singular simple present squats, present participle squatting, simple past and past participle squatted)

squats (present singular third-person)
squatting (participle present)
squatted (participle past)
squatted (past)

(exercise) To perform one or more callisthenic exercises by moving the body and bending at least one knee.

For those who are having, or have had, trouble squatting we suggest learning how to squat by performing the front squat […] The front squat allows you almost no alternative but to perform the exercise correctly.

1994, Kurt Brungardt, Mike Brungardt, Brett Brungardt, The Complete Book of Butt and Legs, New York, N.Y.: Villard Books, →ISBN, page 161:

(weightlifting) To exercise by bending deeply at the knees and then rising, while bearing weight across the shoulders or upper back.


Bayern

Clipping of Bayern Munich from German Bayern (“Bavaria”) (clipping of Bayern München).

(soccer) Bayern Munich (a German football club based in Munich)

F.C. Bayern Munich
de:F.C. Bayern München


international

[ˌɪɾ̃ɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ]

From inter- + national. Introduced in modern English by Jeremy Bentham in his An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, 1780.

The United team includes five England internationals.

"The young fellah meant no real harm. After all, he's an International, so if he takes half an hour to describe a game of football he has more right to do it than most folk."

1913, Arthur Conan Doyle, “(please specify the page)”, in The Poison Belt […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

(sports, chiefly British, Ireland, Australia) Someone who has represented their country in a particular sport.

SWR has more than its fair share of major national events. As well as the [Queen's] funeral and the coronation in the past 12 months, annual events include racing at Ascot, grand slam tennis at Wimbledon, and rugby internationals at Twickenham.

2023 July 26, Paul Clifton, “A (safe and secure) Day at the Races...”, in RAIL, number 988, page 35:

(sports, chiefly Britain, Ireland, Australia) A game or contest between two or more nations.


pivot

From Middle English pevet, *pivot, from Old French pivot (“hinge pin, pivot”) (12th c.), possibly from Latin pūgiō.


offensive

en-adj

offensive (comparative more offensive, superlative most offensive)

more offensive (comparative)
most offensive (superlative)

From Middle French offensif, from offendre + -if by analogy with défensif. Offendre is from Latin offendere (“to offend”); see offend.

The offensive coordinator is responsible for ordering all rushing plays.

(sports) Having to do with play directed at scoring.

нападателен

team sports: having to do with play directed at scoring


vert ramp

(skateboarding) A ramp that transitions from a horizontal surface to a vertical one.


PPG

en-noun

PPG (countable and uncountable, plural PPGs)

(ice hockey) Initialism of power play goal, as used in hockey box scoring.


skier

However, when Guha returned, she picked the wrong ball to pull and hit a skier to Charlotte Edwards.

2002, Jeff Green, "New Zealand win tri-series in convincing style", Cricinfo

The second thing I did my best to get out of was the unpleasant position Monty found himself in rather too often in Sri Lanka: standing under a skier in the deep.

2012, Harry Pearson, "There's always a catch – unless it's me or Monty underneath the ball", The Guardian

(cricket) A ball hit high in the air, often leading to a catch.


bush

From Middle English bush, from Old English busċ, *bysċ (“copse, grove, scrub”, in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush, thicket”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow”).
Cognate with West Frisian bosk (“forest”), Dutch bos (“forest”), German Busch (“bush”), Danish and Norwegian busk (“bush, shrub”), Swedish buske (“bush, shrub”), Persian بیشه (bêša/biše, “woods”). Latin and Romance forms (Latin boscus, Occitan bòsc, French bois, bûche and buisson, Italian bosco and boscaglia, Spanish bosque, Portuguese bosque) derive from the Germanic. The sense 'pubic hair' was first attested in 1745.

inh

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush


bush

(baseball) Amateurish behavior, short for "bush league behavior"


swivel

en-noun

swivel (countable and uncountable, plural swivels)

From Middle English swyvel, swivel, from a derivative of Old English swīfan (“to revolve”), + -el, an instrumental suffix, equivalent to swive + -el.

(fishing) A small, usually ball- or barrel-shaped device used in angling to connect sections of fishing lines, consisting of two rings linked via a thrust bearing pivot joint.


troll

en-verb

troll (third-person singular simple present trolls, present participle trolling, simple past and past participle trolled)

trolls (present singular third-person)
trolling (participle present)
trolled (participle past)
trolled (past)
troll (infinitive)

Spanish: trolear

The verb is derived from Late Middle English trollen, trolle (“to go about, wander; to move (something) to and fro, rock; to roll; to turn”) [and other forms], from Old French troller, trôler (“to run here and there; to walk aimlessly, ramble, stroll; (hunting) to wander about looking for game”) (modern French troller); further etymology uncertain, possibly related to Middle High German trollen (“to stroll”) (modern German trollen (“(informal) to move slowly, trundle; to push off, toddle off”)), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *truzlōną (“to lumber”), which is probably related to *trudaną (“to step on, tread”) (see further at etymology 1). Doublet of trull.
Verb sense 4.2.2 (“to fish using a line and bait or lures trailed behind a boat”) is possibly influenced by trail and/or trawl
The noun is probably derived from the verb. Noun sense 3 (“person who makes or posts inflammatory or insincere statements in an attempt to lure others into combative argument”) is possibly influenced by troll (etymology 1).
cognates
* Middle Low German drullen (“to stroll”) (Low German trullen (“to troll”))

laulaa vuoroin

(transitive, intransitive) to sing the parts of (a catch, round, or similar song) in succession

laulella

to sing (a song) freely or in a carefree way, or loudly

tokaista

(transitive, intransitive) to say (something) lightly and quickly

kalastama

(transitive, intransitive) to fish in (a place) using a running fishing line

Chearful at morn he vvakes from ſhort repoſe, / Breaſts the keen air, and carrols as he goes; / VVith patient angle trolls the finny deep, / Or drives his vent'rous plovv-ſhare to the ſteep.

1764 December 19 (indicated as 1765), Oliver Goldsmith, The Traveller, or A Prospect of Society. A Poem. […], London: […] J[ohn] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 10:

(fishing) To fish in (a place) using a running fishing line (that is, a line with a hook on the end which is drawn along the water surface, possibly a line which would originally have been spooled on to a troll (etymology 2, noun sense 6.1)).

I, nor chuſe to bear / The thieviſh nightly net, not barbed ſpear: / Nor drain I ponds the golden carp to take, / Nor trovvle for pikes, diſpeoplers of the lake.

1713, John Gay, “Rural Sports. A Georgic. Inscribed to Mr. [Alexander] Pope.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, volume I, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], and Bernard Lintot, […], published 1720, →OCLC, page 16, lines 261–264:

My flies alone disturbed the placid waters. A half-grown-up lad, who was standing behind me on the bank, advised me to "troll with bait"—a cluster of worms fastened to the hook, which is dragged in jerks over the surface of the water—and offered to find the bait for me.

1881, P. Chr. Asbjörnsen [i.e., Peter Christen Asbjørnsen], “Legends of the Mill”, in H. L. Brækstad, transl., Round the Yule Log. Norwegian Folk and Fairy Tales, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, →OCLC, page 153:

(fishing) To fish using a running fishing line.

Senses relating to fishing.
To fish using a running fishing line.

Their young men […] trolled along the brooks that abounded in fish.

1834–1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent, volume (please specify |volume=I to X), Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company [et al.], →OCLC:

(fishing, Scotland, US) To fish using a line and bait or lures trailed behind a boat similarly to trawling.


troll

Spanish: trol

An act of fishing by using a running fishing line, or by trailing a line with bait or lures behind a boat.

vetouistelu

A fishing line, bait, or lure used to fish in these ways.


pinch

en-verb

pinch (third-person singular simple present pinches, present participle pinching, simple past and past participle pinched)

pinches (present singular third-person)
pinching (participle present)
pinched (participle past)
pinched (past)

From Middle English pinchen, from Old Northern French *pinchier (compare Old French pincier, pincer (“to pinch”)), a word of uncertain origin, possibly from Vulgar Latin *pinciāre (“to puncture, pinch”), from a merger of *punctiāre (“to puncture, sting”), from Latin punctiō (“a puncture, prick”) and *piccāre (“to strike, sting”), from Frankish *pikkōn, from Proto-Germanic *pikkōną (“to pick, peck, prick”). More at point, pick and pitch.

der

(hunting) To take hold; to grip, as a dog does.


good morning

/ˌɡʊd ˈmɔːnɪŋ/

/ˌɡʊd ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/

From Middle English gud mornynge (also as goode morne, gode morne), from Old English *gōdne morgen (“good morning”), an ellipsis for an expression such as "I wish you a good morning", equivalent to good + morning. Compare West Frisian goeie moarn, Dutch goedemorgen, German guten Morgen, Danish god morgen, Swedish god morgon, Icelandic góðan morgunn.

inh

(weightlifting) An exercise performed by bending forward at the waist and then returning to a standing posture, while bearing a barbell or resistance band across the shoulders.


biker

→ French: biker (noun), bikeur

→ German: Biker

→ Italian: biker

→ Spanish: biker


honor

en-noun

honor (countable and uncountable, plural honors)

From Middle English honour, honor, honur, from Anglo-Norman honour, honur, from Old French honor, from Latin honor.
Displaced Middle English menske (“honor, dignity among men”), from Old Norse menskr (“honor”) (see mensk).
The verb is from Middle English honouren, honuren (“to honor”).

оньо́р

card games: one of the most valuable cards

a prophet has no honor in his own country

a prophet is not without honor save in his own country

(in the plural) The privilege of going first.

(golf) The right to play one's ball before one's opponent.

honor

golf: right to play one's ball before one's opponent

(heraldry, countable) The center point of the upper half of an armorial escutcheon (compare honour point).

lakipiste

heraldry: centre point of the upper half of a coat of arms


RSA

en-noun

RSA (countable and uncountable, plural RSAs)

(fishing) Initialism of recreational sea angler.


nascent

Borrowed from Latin nascēns, nascēntis, present participle of nascor (“I am born”). Doublet of naissant.

[…] charges of blazonry, bends sinister and bends dexter, lions couchant, lions nascent, and[…]

1874, G. Cameron, Charlie Lufton: An Autobiographical Novel, page 130:

Marks of the makers : the initials of the maker and the arms of the town : a lion nascent with three flames.

1931, Louis Carré, A Guide to Old French Plate:

[...] in chief a demi lion nascent gules.

1978, Paul J. Vandevander, The Van Deventer Family, 1550-1977:


variety

variety (countable and uncountable, plural varieties)

From Middle French varieté (“variety”) (modern French variété (“variety; genre, type”)) or directly from its etymon Latin varietās (“difference; diversity, variety”) + English -ty (suffix forming abstract nouns from adjectives). Varietās is derived from varius (“different, diverse, various; variegated”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to abandon; to give out; to leave”)) + -tās (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns indicating a state of being). The English word displaced the native Old English mislīcnes.
Sense 1.3.2 (“total number of distinct states of a system; logarithm to the base 2 of the total number of distinct states of a system”) was coined by the English psychiatrist William Ross Ashby (1903–1972) in his work An Introduction to Cybernetics (1956).
cognates
* Galician variedade (“variety”)
* Italian varietà (“difference; variety”)
* Portuguese variedade (“variety”)
* Spanish variedad (“breed; variety”)

der

(philately) A stamp, or set of stamps, which has one or more characteristics (such as colour, paper, etc.) differing from other stamps in the same issue, especially if such differences are intentionally introduced.


albatross

en-noun

albatross (plural albatross or albatrosses)

Uncertain. Probably from Spanish or Portuguese alcatraz (“pelican, gannet, albatross”), probably derived from Arabic الْغَطَّاس (al-ḡaṭṭās, “the diver”) (compare Alcatraz); or from Portuguese alcatruz (“water wheel bucket”), from Arabic الْقَادُوس (al-qādūs), from Ancient Greek κάδος (kádos, “pail, jar”), in reference to the pouch of a pelican. In either case, altered under the influence of Latin albus (“white”). Not derived from modern Arabic قَطْرَس (qaṭras, “albatross”), which is perhaps borrowed from Spanish.
For sense development of "burden", see albatross around one’s neck.

der

Albatross (disambiguation)
albatross (metaphor)

(golf) A double eagle, or three under par on any one hole, except a par 3 hole.


grinder

From Middle English grinder, grindere, from Old English grindere (“one or that which grinds; grinder”), equivalent to grind + -er.

inh

(ice hockey, slang) A hard-working, physical player with limited offensive ability.


BCS

Bowl Championship Series
w:Bowl Championship Series

(American football, historical) Initialism of Bowl Championship Series. Replaced after the 2013 season by the College Football Playoff.


shift

en-noun

shift (countable and uncountable, plural shifts)

From Middle English schiften, from Old English sċiftan (“to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise”), from Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną, *skiptijaną, from earlier *skipatjaną (“to organise, put in order”), from Proto-Indo-European *skeyb- (“to separate, divide, part”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, divide, separate, part”). Cognate with Scots schift, skift (“to shift”), West Frisian skifte, skiftsje (“to sort”), Dutch schiften (“to sort, screen, winnow, part”), German schichten (“to stack, layer”), Swedish skifta (“to shift, change, exchange, vary”), Norwegian skifte (“to shift”), Icelandic skipta (“to switch”). See ship.

cog

Teams often use a shift against this lefty.


sit up

en-verb

sit up (third-person singular simple present sits up, present participle sitting up, simple past and past participle sat up)

sits up (present singular third-person)
sitting up (participle present)
sat up (participle past)
sat up (past)

From Middle English upsitten (“to sit up”).

And within five minutes of the change United were level. Gabriel Obertan tuned his marker inside out and delivered a cross from the right that hit Hernandez and sat up perfectly for Owen to nod home.

2011 January 29, Ian Hughes, “Southampton 1 - 2 Man Utd”, in BBC:

(chiefly sports, of the ball) To bounce, especially to a comfortable height.


stand-up

en-adj

stand-up (comparative more stand-up, superlative most stand-up)

more stand-up (comparative)
most stand-up (superlative)

stand-up double; stand-up triple

(baseball, of a hit) That allows the batter to advance to a given base (usually second or third) without having to slide.


entry

en-noun

entry (countable and uncountable, plural entries)

exit

antonym(s) of “doorway that provides a means of entering a building”

Inherited from Middle English entre, from Old French entree (feminine past participle of the verb entrer, Modern French entrée). From Latin intrō. Doublet of entrada and entrée.

Here was an excellent entry of hounds which would have fulfilled the late Earl Bathurst's dictum that breeders should always breed from hounds rather larger than those which they expect to put on.

1956, Baily's Hunting Directory, page 311:

en:introduction of new hounds into a pack

(hunting) The introduction of new hounds into a pack.


hike

From English dialectal hyke (“to walk vigorously”), probably a Northern form of hitch, from Middle English hytchen, hichen, icchen (“to move, jerk, stir”). Cognate with Scots hyke (“to move with a jerk”), dialectal German hicken (“to hobble, walk with a limp”), Danish hinke (“to hop”). More at hick.

cog

(American football) The snap of the ball to start a play.


hike

en-verb

hike (third-person singular simple present hikes, present participle hiking, simple past and past participle hiked)

hikes (present singular third-person)
hiking (participle present)
hiked (participle past)
hiked (past)

(American football) To snap the ball to start a play.


chinaman

From Chinaman, a dated, now offensive term for a Chinese person. Compare Chinese (“unfamiliar, unexpected”).

(cricket, dated) A left-arm unorthodox bowling action (left-arm wrist-spin)

(cricket) A spin bowler who uses such an action

(cricket) A ball delivered with such an action


mullet

From Middle English molet, from Old French molette (“rowel”).

Grogan, Creation of 1859, or Moyvore, Westmeath. [...] Arms,—Barry of sex or and sable, on a chief engrailed azure a lion passant of the first. Crest,—A lion's head erased sable, charged with a mullet or.

1871, Debrett's illustrated baronetage and knightage (and companionage) of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, page 215:

(heraldry) A star with straight edges and usually with five or six points.


debole

From Italian debole, meaning "weak", equivalent to the French foible.

There are two parts to the sword: the forte and the debole. The forte begins from the hilt, extending as far as the middle of the blade; and the remainder is called the debole. The forte is for parrying, and the debole for striking. This is really important because: if you always keep your forte in the way of the opponent's debole, you will never be hit.

(fencing) The flexible part of the blade near the tip of light swords such as rapiers.


speculator

From Latin speculātor (“spy, explorer, investigator”), from speculor (“to watch, to observe”) + -tor (“-er: forming agent nouns”), from specula (“watchtower”), from speciō (“to watch, to observe”), q.v. In some senses, an agent noun formed within English from speculate. Doublet of spectator.


policeman

→ French: policeman

→ Maori: pirihimana

→ Welsh: plismon

A team may have a policeman or enforcer.

2002, P. J. Harari, Dave Ominsky, Ice Hockey Made Simple: A Spectator's Guide, page 26:


pomelle

(woodworking) A specific type of woodgrain in lumber and veneers, also known as "quilted" from the French.


challenge

→ French: challenge (orthographic)

→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)

→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)

/ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ/

/ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ/

From Middle English chalenge, variant with palatalization of Middle English kalange (“an accusation, claim”), from Old French chalenge, chalonge, palatalized Central French variants of Old Northern French calenge, calonge (see Continental Norman calengier), from Latin calumnia (“a false accusation, calumny”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”). Cognate with Old English hōl (“calumny”). Doublet of calumny.

der

Argentine midfielder Jonas Gutierrez added a superb second when he surged past four challenges to fire in low.

2011 October 1, Saj Chowdhury, “Wolverhampton 1-2 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) An attempt to take possession; a tackle.

(hunting) The opening and crying of hounds upon first finding the scent of their game.


negative

/ˈnɛ(e)ɡəˌɾɪv/

From Middle English negative, negatif, from Old French negatif, from Latin negātīvus (“that denies, negative”), from negāre (“to deny”); see negate.

Coordinate term: diapositive

(photography) An image in which dark areas represent light ones, and the converse.

(weightlifting) A repetition performed with a weight in which the muscle begins at maximum contraction and is slowly extended; a movement performed using only the eccentric phase of muscle movement.


progression

en-noun

progression (countable and uncountable, plural progressions)

/pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/

(exercise) The process of making an exercise more strenuous by manipulating the details of its performance like loaded weight, range of motion, angle, speed.


jungle

jungle (countable and uncountable, plural jungles)

→ Catalan: jungla

→ Czech: džungle

→ Danish: jungle

→ Dutch: jungle

→ French: jungle
→ Romanian: junglă

desctree

→ German: Dschungel
→ Hungarian: dzsungel

→ Esperanto: ĝangalo

→ Italian: giungla

→ Japanese: ジャングル (janguru)

→ Korean: 정글 (jeonggeul)

→ Polish: dżungla

→ Russian: джу́нгли (džúngli)
→ Armenian: ջունգլի (ǰungli)
→ Georgian: ჯუნგლი (ǯungli)

→ Serbo-Croatian: džungla

→ Slovak: džungľa

→ Slovene: džungla

→ Spanish: jungla

→ Swedish: djungel

→ Ukrainian: джу́нглі (džúnhli)

→ Welsh: jyngl

/ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/

Borrowed from Hindustani جَن٘گَل (jaṅgal) / जंगल (jaṅgal), from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, sterile, desert”). First appears c. 1776 in a translation by Nathaniel Halhed.

der

you can take the monkey out of the jungle, but you can't take the jungle out of the monkey

Hitting from the Jungle. The rough at some courses is just weeds and sparse grass, as often as not giving a player a decent lie to shoot from. But grass above four inches is nasty. It will grab your club and alter your shots.

2006, Rob Blumer, Rex Chaney, Essential golf instruction, page 167:


goner

From gone + -er. First attestations around 1850.

(baseball slang) A ball hit out of the playing area for a home run.


conference

From Middle French conférence, from Medieval Latin cōnferentia, from Latin cōnferēns.

University of Hong Kong Faculty of Law
conference

(sports) A group of sports teams that play each other on a regular basis.

(Philippines, sports) A constituent tournament of a sports league in a given season.


catalogue

en-verb

catalogue (third-person singular simple present catalogues, present participle cataloguing, simple past and past participle catalogued)

catalogues (present singular third-person)
cataloguing (participle present)
catalogued (participle past)
catalogued (past)

/ˈkæt.əˌlɒɡ/

/ˈkæt.əˌlɔɡ/

/ˈkæt.əˌlɑɡ/

From Middle English cathaloge, from Old French catalogue, from Late Latin catalogus, itself from Ancient Greek κατάλογος (katálogos, “enrollment, register”), from καταλέγω (katalégō, “to recount, make a list”), from κατα- (kata-, “downwards, towards”) + λέγω (légō, “to say, to speak, to tell”).

der

(philately) to value or sort stamps using a catalogue


rock and roll

/ˈɹɒk ən(d)ˈɹəʊl/

From rock (move back and forth) + and + roll; originally a verb phrase common among African Americans, meaning "to have sexual intercourse"; it was a euphemism that appeared in song titles since at least 1914 (Trixie Smith's "My Man Rocks Me With One Steady Roll").
As a name for a specific style of popular music from the early 1950s, popularized by disc jockey Alan Freed in reference to the euphemistic use in song titles.

(dance) A style of vigorous dancing associated with this genre of music.


fore

(golf) An exclamation yelled to inform players a ball is moving in their direction.

fore

in golf: yelled to inform players a ball is moving in their direction