renaturalization

From this point of view, this research discusses the integration of damaged riverine systems into socio-economic and ecological systems in urban areas through renaturalization processes with a focus on providing mutual benefits for both nature and mankind and supporting sustainability and integrity of each system.

2017, Meltem Delibas, Azime Tezer, “'Stream Daylighting' as an approach for the renaturalization of riverine systems in urban areas: Istanbul-Ayamama Stream case”, in Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN:

(ecology) The act of restoring the natural environment in an area.

renaturation

(ecology) the act of restoring the natural environment in an area


supraorganism

(biology, ecology) A system of multiple organisms that may be considered a single organism, such as an insect colony, or an organism with endosymbionts.


metatranscriptomics

(genetics, ecology) A branch of transcriptomics that studies, and correlates, the transcriptomes of a group of interacting organisms or species


metapopulation

(ecology) A group of interacting populations of the same species.

metapopulatie

a group of interacting populations of the same species


detrivore

(ecology) Any organism that feeds on detritus; a detritivore, a saprophyte.


annidation

From Latin ad (“to”) and nidus (“nest”).
Coined by geneticist Wilhelm Ludwig in 1950 as "a fifth evolutionary factor".

Flax grew more rapidly and matured earlier than linseed and this difference in timing of growth led to annidation.

(ecology) The adaptation of the various genotypes to different ecological niches, such as where a mutant form of a species is maintained in a population because it can flourish in a way that the parent organisms cannot.


stenotopic

en-adj

stenotopic (comparative more stenotopic, superlative most stenotopic)

more stenotopic (comparative)
most stenotopic (superlative)

(ecology) Able to tolerate or adapt to only a small range of environmental conditions


green water

(ecology) Water, mostly from rain, that replenishes the water lost by evaporation or respiration from forests.


pleuston

From Ancient Greek πλεῦσις (pleûsis, “sailing”), from πλέω (pléō).

der

They^([Cnidarians]) are also the dominant organisms of the marine pleuston, providing food or substrate for a variety of other invertebrates living at the air-water interface[…].

1974, G. O. Mackie, “VIII: Location, Flotation and Dispersal”, in Leonard Muscatine, Howard M. Lenhoff, editors, Coelenterate Biology: Reviews and New Perspectives, Academic Press, page 313:

These animals form the pleuston. Zaitsev (1971) differentiates between the neuston and the pleuston, while admitting that the distinction may be somewhat blurred. Both populations are associated with the surface film. That part of a pleuston animal which projects above the water surface can withstand prolonged desiccation and exposure to direct sunlight.

1983, John E. G. Raymont, James Dennis Burton, Keith R. Dyer, Plankton and Productivity in the Oceans: Zooplankton, Pergamon Press, page 9:

(ecology) The organisms that live floating at the surface of water.


litterfall

en-noun

litterfall (usually uncountable, plural litterfalls)

Litterfall is provided for as long as the mature forest exists.

2008, Masami Miyaki, Koichi Kaji, “Shift to Litterfall as Year-Round Forage for Sika Deer after a Population Crash”, in Sika Deer, page 186:

(ecology, usually uncountable) Plant material that falls to the ground, such as leaves from trees.

The remaining forest types had similar mean litterfalls ranging from 3333 to 6484 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹

1986, K.A. Vogt et al., “Production, turnover, and nutrient dynamics of above- and belowground detritus of world forests”, in Advances in Ecological Research, volume 15, page 315:

(ecology, countable) The total mass of plant material falling to the ground per unit area, or the mass collected at a specific site.

Streufallmasse

mass of fallen plant material per unit area


bionanosystem

(biology, ecology) A biological nanosystem


heterotopia

heterotopia (countable and uncountable, plural heterotopias)

(ecology) The occurrence of an organism in a number of different habitats


equitability

equitability (usually uncountable, plural equitabilities)

ĕ'kwĭtəbĭʹlĭtĭ

/ˌɛkwɪtəˈbɪlɪtɪ/

(ecology) The extent of the representation by equal numbers of individuals of the different species of a given community.


density dependence

density dependence (plural density dependences)

(ecology) Regulation of population growth by mechanisms controlled by the size of the population; especially the curtailment of growth by crowding, predators and competition


arboricolous

en-adj

arboricolous (comparative more arboricolous, superlative most arboricolous)

more arboricolous (comparative)
most arboricolous (superlative)

(ecology) That grows on, or lives in, trees.


avicolous

avicolous (comparative more avicolous, superlative most avicolous)

more avicolous (comparative)
most avicolous (superlative)


coprophilic

coprophilic (comparative more coprophilic, superlative most coprophilic)

more coprophilic (comparative)
most coprophilic (superlative)

(chiefly ecology) Enjoying contact with excrement.


biomonitor

(biology, ecology) Any organism that provides quantitative information on the quality of its environment.


geoecology

(geography, ecology) The interdisciplinary study of geography and ecology


endobenthic

(ecology) That lives within the sediment on the seafloor


socioecology

(sociology, ecology) The use of techniques of sociology in the field of ecology.


panmixis

From New Latin panmixis, from Ancient Greek παν- (pan-, “every, all”) + μίξις (míxis, “mixing, mingling”).


biodiversification

(ecology) The process of establishing and developing biodiversity


metatranscriptome

From meta- + transcriptome or metatranscript + -ome.

(genetics, ecology) The transcriptome of a group of interacting organisms or species


microdiversity

en-noun

microdiversity (countable and uncountable, plural microdiversities)

(ecology) The diversity of phylogenetically closely related but physiologically distinct populations of bacteria


revegetate

en-verb

revegetate (third-person singular simple present revegetates, present participle revegetating, simple past and past participle revegetated)

revegetates (present singular third-person)
revegetating (participle present)
revegetated (participle past)
revegetated (past)

(transitive, chiefly ecology) To produce new vegetation on (a barren ground or area); to colonize (barren ground).


parabiosis

en-noun

parabiosis (countable and uncountable, plural parabioses)

(ecology, ethology) A form of symbiosis, typically among ants, in which different species share common nest galleries but maintain distinct broods and do not practice mutualism other than incidentally.


epizoochory

(ecology) Seed dispersal via transportation on the outside of vertebrate animals (mostly mammals).

эпизоохория

seed dispersal via transportation on the outside of vertebrate animals


ornithochory

(biology, ecology) The dispersal of seeds by birds


autochory

(ecology) Self-dispersal of seeds, the physical and often explosive discharge of seeds from the fruit.


anthropochory

anthropochorie

the dispersal of seeds, spores, or fruit by humans.

(ecology) The (typically inadvertent) dispersal of seeds, spores, or other reproductive botanical material, or of reproductively capable animals, by humans as a routine means of reproductive dispersal of that species.

Stephenson stressed the importance of anthropochory in earthworm dispersal. Human introductions, either intentional or unconscious, play a key role in earthworm invasions, as is well demonstrated by the presence of European Lumbricidae in North America, Asia, New Zealand

2006, Juhani Terhivuo, Anssi Saura, "Dispersal and clonal diversity of North-European parthenogenetic earthworms", in Paul F. Hendrix, Biological Invasions Belowground: Earthworms as Invasive Species (2008), Springer, isbn: 978-1-4020-5429-7, page 15

(ecology) The (typically inadvertent and sporadic) dispersal by humans, of seeds, spores, or other reproductive botanical material, or of reproductively capable animals, into a region where they do not natively occur, resulting in adventitious anthropochorous establishment of an alien population if successful.


mesopsammic

en-adj

mesopsammic (comparative more mesopsammic, superlative most mesopsammic)

more mesopsammic (comparative)
most mesopsammic (superlative)

Therefore, the researches carried out by Prof. Vezio Cottarelli (Viterbo) in the mesopsammic marine environment of Mindoro Island and by Dr Mauro Daccordi (Verona) in the phreatic fresh water of Palawan Island, are quite interesting in this regard.

1994, Tropical Zoology - Volume 7, page 356:

As is the case with mesopsammic representatives of other major taxa, interstitial nemertines constitute a unique biological grouping recognizable by specializations that are characteristic of mesopsammon (see Swedmark, 1964, for review of the nature of interstitial organisms).

2012, Per Sundberg, R. Gibson, G. Berg, Recent Advances in Nemertean Biology, →ISBN:

Although about 45% of all adenophoran nematodes are interstitial, there are few morphological features that occur regularly in mesopsammic species and can be considered typical for a mesopsammic life, although their function is not always clear (Lorenzen 1986): A strongly bent tail with adhesive glands (nematodes normally lie on their side when moving), additional adhesive organs (e.g. in Epsilonematidae), a flexible, tapering "neck" region, extremely long setae (Thrichotheristus), aberrant position of amphids (Epsilonematidae), flattened body (rare, e.g. Neochromadora angelica).

2013, Olav Giere, Meiobenthology: The Microscopic Fauna in Aquatic Sediments, →ISBN:

(rare, ecology) Of or pertaining to the interstitial spaces of marine sand.


consocies

The consocies grows to an average maximum height of 15 feet, the canopy formed being well knit, but allowing entrance to a large percentage of the light.

1927, Forestry Pamphlets. Africa, volume 3, page 171:

These weeds grow in abundance and thrive with notable vigor in these locust stands, but are almost or entirely absent in the consocies of scrub pine, tulip poplar, and in the mixed hardwood forest tending toward the climax type.

1944, Experiment Station Record, volume 90, United States. Office of Experiment Stations, page 482:


euryphage

From eury- + -phage, from Ancient Greek εὐρύς (eurús, “wide”) + φαγεῖν (phageîn, “to eat”).

(ecology) Any animal that eats a large variety of food.


extremotolerant

extremotolerant (comparative more extremotolerant, superlative most extremotolerant)

more extremotolerant (comparative)
most extremotolerant (superlative)

(ecology) Capable of tolerating extreme environmental conditions.


nudation

en-noun

nudation (countable and uncountable, plural nudations)

From Latin nudatio, from nudare (“to make naked”), from nudus (“naked”). See nude.

(now chiefly ecology) The act of stripping, or making bare or naked.


superdominant

A strategy for survival is needed to replace man's present role as an unrestricted superdominant of the biosphere, for this role is a strategy for self-defeat.

1975, William R. Burch, Beyond Growth: Essays on Alternative Futures, page 76:

The earthworm Eisenia nordenskioldi is also a typical superdominant of tundra cenoses.

1997, F. E. Wielgolaski, Polar and Alpine Tundra - Volume 3, →ISBN, page 405:

Asca bicornis (27.8%) was no longer a superdominant, and three species of the family Laelapidae (Hypoaspis claviger, H. nolli and Hypoaspis aculeifer) jointly constituted 31.3% of total

2008, Annales Zoologici - Volume 58, Issues 1-2, page 270:

(ecology) A species that is present in disproportionately large numbers within an ecosystem.


epibenthos

(ecology) benthic organisms that live on top of the sediment


genetic diversity

(ecology) genetic variation that manifests within a species.


critical load

(ecology) The maximum load that a given system can sustain before it fails.


introduced species

introduced species (plural introduced species)

(ecology) A species living outside its native distributional range which has arrived there by human activity, directly or indirectly, deliberately or accidentally.

vieraslaji

species outside its native range due to human activity


emergy investment ratio

emergy investment ratio (plural emergy investment ratios)

(ecology) The ratio of purchased emergy to the local free environmental emergy.


dead zone

Planet Earth Research this year discovered that humans have created at least 50 ‘dead zones’ (zones where there is no oxygen) in the sea through pollution, and have extinguished other species at 1,000 times the natural rate in evolution.

It is only really in the past decade that science has begun to tell us that the man-made changes now occurring in the oceans – from acidification to overfishing to the growth of dead zones – represent some of the greatest threats to life on Earth.

2012, Charles Clover, ‘Up To Our Necks’, Literary Review, number 399:

By the time the Mississippi enters the gulf, its current has been transformed into a conduit for chemical nutrients, and this enriched current stimulates massive blooms of phytoplanktons. Consequently, it forms a dead zone the size of Massachusetts (7,900 square miles or 20,461 square kilometers) every summer, which has existed since the 1970s and supports almost no life beyond phytoplankton and bacteria.

2014, Chris Maser, Interactions of Land, Ocean and Humans: A Global Perspective, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 118:

(ecology) An area of the ocean where oxygen levels are too low to support life, especially as a result of pollution.


tragedy of the commons

tragedy of the commons (plural tragedies of the commons)

Coined by American ecologist Garrett Hardin in 1968.

coinage

One theory, known as the tragedy of the commons, holds that people will exploit and abuse something in which they have no ownership stake.

1995 May 7, Timothy Egan, “Let the Owner Beware”, in New York Times, retrieved 2012-07-04:

Overfishing is the classic tragedy of the commons. Since no single nation "owns" the high seas, they exploit it without restraint and without thought to sustainability.

2010 November 18, “Troubles as deep as the oceans lie ahead”, in The Independent, UK, retrieved 2012-07-04:

The economist Elinor Ostrom, who is on our list this year, has written about the tragedy of the commons, which is the idea that self-interest can undermine the common good.

2012 April 18, Richard Stengel, “Editor's Letter: A World of Possibilities”, in Time, archived from the original on 2013-02-04:

(ecology, economics, politics, social criticism) A situation in which unmanaged use of a shared resource (such as the atmosphere or an ocean) by a number of participants results in the unintended ruin or total consumption of that resource.


PHA

Coordinate term: PHC

potentially hazardous asteroid
potentially hazardous asteroid#English

(astronomy, ecology, geology) Initialism of potentially hazardous asteroid.


big six

(ecology) The six elements most used by life: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.


megadiverse

/ˌmɛɡədaɪˈvɜːs/

/ˌmɛɡədaɪˈvɝs/

From mega- (prefix meaning ‘very large, great’) + diverse, possibly modelled after biodiverse.

prefix

High rates of conversion [of natural habitats to agriculture] have clear implications for biodiversity loss. Of special concern are rates of conversion in the so-called megadiverse states: areas identified as being of high species endemism.

1994, David Pearce, Dominic Moran, “Saving Biodiversity: An Overview of the Causal Factors”, in The Economic Value of Biodiversity, London: Earthscan Publications, published 1997, →ISBN, page 19:

Mexico is one of the 12 megadiverse countries. While 1.3% of the land in the world, it hosts about 12% of the known terrestrial biota with very high endemicity.

2003, “Nature and Biodiversity Management”, in OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Mexico, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, →ISBN, box 5.2 (A Megadiverse Country), page 105:

[…] Australia is the only developed nation, with the exception of Mexico, among the dozen or so regions which have been recognized as ‘megadiverse’, that is, having extensive total biodiversity.

2004, Natalie P. Stoianoff, Tom Fox, “Managing Access to Australia’s Biological Resources – Issues in Developing a National Approach”, in Natalie P. Stoianoff, editor, Accessing Biological Resources: Complying with the Convention on Biological Diversity (International Environmental Law and Policy Series), The Hague, London: Kluwer Law International, →ISBN, page 93:

Pioneering global cross-mappings of the distributions of biodiversity and linguistic diversity (taken as a proxy for cultural diversity as a whole) provided independent support for this conclusion, revealing significant geographic overlaps between the two diversities, especially in the tropics, and a strong coincidence between biologically and linguistically megadiverse countries[…].

2007, Luisa Maffi, “Biocultural Diversity and Sustainability”, in Jules Pretty et al., editors, The SAGE Handbook of Environment and Society, London, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 268, column 2:

In megadiverse regions such as the Andes-Amazon, managing these matters and developing wise programs for conserving natural resources is a huge undertaking, requiring the efforts of an array of individuals with widely diverse expertise.

2010, Fernando Cornejo, John Janovec, “Introduction”, in Seeds of Amazonian Plants (Princeton Field Guides), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page xv, column 1:

This method is applied to the case of New Caledonia, a megadiverse island with all locations equally rich in microendemic species and where phylogenetic diversity is especially helpful to determine conservation priorities among sites.

2016, Roseli Pellens, Philippe Grandcolas, “Phylogenetics and Conservation Biology: Drawing a Path into the Diversity of Life”, in Roseli Pellens, Philippe Grandcolas, editors, Biodiversity Conservation and Phylogenetic Systematics: Preserving Our Evolutionary Heritage in an Extinction Crisis (Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation; 14), Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 9:

South Africa, covering only 0.8% of the earth's terrestrial area, is one of the planet's 18 "megadiverse countries", defined by Conservation International as nations that harbour the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species.

2020, Brian W. van Wilgen, John Measey, David M[ark] Richardson, John R. Wilson, Tsungai A. Zengeya, “Biological Invasions in South Africa: An Overview”, in Brian W. van Wilgen et al., editors, Biological Invasions in South Africa (Invading Nature – Springer Series in Invasion Ecology; 14), Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, section 1.1.1 (A Rich and Varied Biodiversity), page 4:

Countries from the global south, including Brazil, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo – mega-diverse countries home to the world’s three largest rainforests – wanted governments to agree to the creation of a new biodiversity fund as part of the Montreal pact to pay for new conservation targets.

2022 December 19, Patrick Greenfield, Phoebe Weston, “Cop15: historic deal struck to halt biodiversity loss by 2030”, in The Guardian:

(chiefly ecology) Exhibiting great diversity, especially great biodiversity.

megadiversos

exhibiting great diversity, especially great biodiversity


GEF

The Democratic Republic of the Congo’s negotiator appeared to block the final deal presented by China, telling the plenary that he could not support the agreement in its current form because it did not create a new fund for biodiversity, separate to the existing UN fund, the global environment facility (GEF).

Global Environment Facility
w:Global Environment Facility

(ecology) Initialism of Global Environment Facility.


paleoendemic

(ecology) That has been endemic in a region for a very long time (but is now more restricted)


piosphere

(ecology) The zone of influence of grazing on a region's vegetation and soil.


mesoherbivore

(ecology) Any medium-sized herbivore (approximately between 50 and 500 kilograms in weight)


waterpoint

Animals in good condition and not subjected to physical stress (such as having to transhume or walk far between pastures and waterpoints) usually suffer considerably less than animals on a poor nutritional level and having to expend much physical energy.

1990, M. M. H. Sewell, D. W. Brocklesby, Handbook on Animal Diseases in the Tropics, page 46:

(ecology) A place (such as a watering hole) where water is available to local wildlife.


macroherbivore

(ecology) Any large herbivore (over approximately 500 kilograms in weight)


environmental audit

en-noun

environmental audit (plural environmental audits)

(business, ecology) A set of evaluations conducted to measure the compliance of a legal entity with the environmental legislation and provide its management with recommendations on improving the environmental indicators.


macrosympatric

(ecology, of species) Occurring together in large overlapping areas


micropollutant

“The long-term effect of air pollution by acid-formers like sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, heavy metals and organic micropollutants means the poisoning of the ecosphere and the hydrosphere,” Professor Ulrich said.

1983 June 29, Dudley Clendinen, quoting Bernhard Ulrich, “Concern On Acid Rain Extending To Public Health”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

On the other hand, intermittent loading of an adsorbable micropollutant can result in significant short-term removal, because the accumulated biomass in the reactor can take up the micropollutant until equilibrium is reached.

2013, Jiri Hrubec, Water Pollution: Drinking Water and Drinking Water Treatment, Springer, →ISBN, page 43:

(ecology) Any pollutant that has a toxic effect at very small concentrations.


PEA

PEA (countable and uncountable, plural PEAs)

(ecology) Initialism of preliminary ecological appraisal.


epibenthic

(ecology) That lives on the surface of sediments at the bottom of the sea


biostat

(ecology) A container in which organisms are kept in a controlled environment


antipredation

antipredation strategies of marine worms


epibiota

(ecology) The organisms that live on the surface of another one


sympatrically

en-adv

sympatrically (comparative more sympatrically, superlative most sympatrically)

more sympatrically (comparative)
most sympatrically (superlative)

(ecology) in the same or overlapping geographical areas


landcover

en-noun

landcover (countable and uncountable, plural landcovers)

(geology, ecology) Any natural or man-made material that covers the land surface of the Earth.


bioprovince

(ecology) A biozone that is a subdivision of a bioregion.


paleohabitat

(ecology, archaeology) An extinct habitat that can only be reconstructed from fossils


surface layer

(ecology) The layer of surface water that forms a boundary between sea and air


paratenic

From Ancient Greek πᾰρᾰτείνω (parateínō, “to stretch out along, beside or near; to continue life, live”) + -ic, from πᾰρᾰ- (para-, “beside, by”) + τείνω (teínō, “to stretch, pull tight”).

af

(ecology, of a host) Not needed for the development of the parasite, but nevertheless serving to maintain the parasite's life cycle.


subnivium

From sub- (“under”) + Latin nix (“snow”) + -ium.

Voles and shrews thriving in networks of tunnels in the subnivium would experience a loss of their snowy refuge and face greater metabolic demands to cope with more-frequent and harsher exposure to the elements.

2019, Colin Rees, Nature's Calendar, Johns Hopkins University Press, page 231:

Scientists have long studied the subnivium, a stratum of life that exists within and below the snowpack. The subnivium enjoys a microclimate created by heat and moisture escaping the ground.

2021, Porter Fox, The Last Winter, Hachette Book Group, unnumbered page:

Without a snow cover, the duration of frozen soil will increase, causing winter cooling for subnivium-dependent organisms (Zhu et al., 2019).

2022, Jeffrey L. Walck, Siti N. Hidayati, “10: Plant regeneration from seeds in a the temperate deciduous forest zone under a changing climate”, in Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin, editors, Plant Regeneration from Seeds, Elsevier (Academic Press), page 131:

(ecology) The seasonal microenvironment beneath the snow.


logistic growth

(ecology) A pattern of growth that can be represented by a logistic function.


thermal credit

(ecology) A unit that offsets the thermal impact of one ton of carbon dioxide, accounting the net thermal impact generated by human activity on the Earth's climate.


edaphoclimatic

en-adj

edaphoclimatic (comparative more edaphoclimatic, superlative most edaphoclimatic)

more edaphoclimatic (comparative)
most edaphoclimatic (superlative)

(ecology) Relating to edaphology and climate


aquafauna

en-noun

aquafauna (plural aquafaunae or aquafaunas or aquafaunæ)

aquafaunae (plural)
aquafaunas (plural)
aquafaunæ (plural)

From aqua- (“water”) + fauna (“animals”).

(ecology) aquatic animals considered as a group


saprobic

en-adj

saprobic (not generally comparable, comparative more saprobic, superlative most saprobic)

more saprobic (comparative)
most saprobic (superlative)

1969, Wilhelm Rohde, Crystallization of Eutrophication Concepts in Northern Europe, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences, Correctives, Symposium Proceedings, page 60,
Each of the polysaprobic, mesosaprobic, and oligosaprobic zones is now divided into one α- and one β-level, of which the former is more saprobic than the latter.

The s-score relates to the saprobic zone of which the species are characteristic; a score of between 1 and 4 is assigned to each species, depending upon whether it is typically found in oligosaprobic, α-mesosaprobic, β-mesosaprobic or polysaprobic zones, respectively.

1996, P. D. Abel, Water Pollution Biology, 2nd edition, page 87:

(ecology) That contains dead or decaying organic material (and therefore also saprobes).


climax community

en-noun

climax community (plural climax communities)

(ecology) A community (group of interdependent organisms interacting with one another) which, through the process of ecological succession (the development of vegetation in an area over time), has reached a steady state.


autoecism

1972, B. K. Bakshi, Relative Blister Rust Resistance of Native and Introduced White Pines in Asia, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, US Forest Service, University of Idaho, Biology of Rust Resistance in Forest Trees: Proceedings of a NATO-IUFRO Advanced Study Institute, page 254,
This may possibly be explained by autoecism (pine-to-pine spread) in the aecial stage of the rust, but autoecism has not been conclusively proved (Spaulding, 1922).

Other measures[…]are deficient because of the large geographic distribution of the pathogens, their wide host ranges, their high spore dispersal capabilities, and the autoecism of some rusts.

2005, Salvatore Moricca, Alessandro Ragazzi, Gemma Assante, “Biocontrol of Rust Fungi by Cladosporium tenuissimum”, in Ming Hao Pei, Alistair R. McCracken, editors, Rust Diseases of Willow and Poplar, page 215:

(ecology, of a parasite or dependent organism) The fact of completing an entire life cycle on a single host species.


bayhead

(ecology) A swamp habitat dominated by bay laurels.


demogenetics

(genetics, ecology) The genetics of populations of organisms


demogenetic

(genetics, ecology) Relating to demogenetics


plurispecific

(ecology) Composed of (similar) organisms of many different species


phylloplane

On the island of Barro Colorado, with an area of 23 square kilometres, at least 43 species of the genus Poecilominettia co-exist, all of which are known to feed upon the same material, namely phylloplane fungi.

1989, Elcy C. Broadhead, “The species of Poecilominettia, Homoeominettia and Floriminettia (Diptera, Lauxaniidae) in Panama”, in Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, volume 58, number 2, pages 185–226:

(ecology) The surface of a leaf, considered as a habitat


biovolume

The separate biovolumes of herbivores, predators, parasites, and detritivores did not vary consistently with grass treatment (Table 2 ).

2015 July 10, “Grassland Arthropods Are Controlled by Direct and Indirect Interactions with Cattle but Are Largely Unaffected by Plant Provenance”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) A surrogate for biomass, used in ecological studies of invertebrates (normally quoted in cubic millimetres).


codistributed

(ecology) distributed along with another (species etc)


cryophile

(ecology) an organism that thrives at low temperatures


ecosection

(ecology) A part of an ecoregion that shows only minor physiographic, macroclimatic or oceanographic variations


economicology

(ecology, economics) The study of the interrelationship between economics and ecology


evolutionary trap

evolutionary trap (plural evolutionary traps)

(ecology) The situation of a rapid ecological change triggering decisions about choice of habitat that are detrimental for an individual; an ecological trap.

ecological trap

situation of ecological change triggering bad choices about habitat


wash barrel

(fisheries) A barrel nearly full of split mackerel, loosely put in, and afterward filled with salt water in order to soak the blood from the fish before salting.


biopedturbation

From bio- + Ancient Greek πέδον (pédon, “soil”) + Latin turbātiō (“disturbance; confusion”).

der

The implications of the biopedturbation caused by sooty shearwater burrowing to the extent measured in this study may be profound for some ecosystem processes […]

2006, Walter G. Whitford, Fenton R. Kay, “Biopedturbation by an island ecosystem engineer: Burrowing volumes and litter deposition by sooty shearwaters”, in New Zealand Journal of Zoology, volume 33, number 4:

(geology, ecology) The mixing or disturbance of soil by living organisms, as opposed to disturbance of other media such as sediment or leaf litter.


anthropochorous

/ænθɹɒpəˈkɔːɹəs/

Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “man, human”) + χωρίζω (khōrízō, “separate, spread”).

uder

(ecology, of fauna, or flora) that have populations transported as aliens to geographical areas by the direct or indirect, typically inadvertent, action of humans.

From their initial habitats, many anthropochorous insects have been transported by humans around the globe and several are now cosmopolitan in distribution.

2003, Kevin J. Edwards, Ian Ralston, Scotland After the Ice Age: Environment, Archaeology and History, 8000 BC - AD 1000:

(ecology, of fauna, or flora) that have populations effectively relying on human transport or action, typically inadvertent, for their propagation.


anthropochore

(ecology) A species that depends on anthropochory as a routine means of reproductive dispersal.

Although most anthropochores undoubtedly have been transported by man from the Old World to the New, there is evidence that at least some now known from Europe first became known from the United States and were carried east.

(ecology) A population of a species in a region where it does not natively occur, established by anthropochorous events in the past.


aposematically

Some bees are aposematically coloured.


monodominant

(ecology) dominated by organisms of a single species


monodominance

(ecology) The condition of being monodominant


plastisphere

From plastic + -sphere, analogous to biosphere. Coined by American biologist Linda Amaral-Zettler.

coin

Welcome to the plastisphere

2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

(The Plastisphere is one of the many industrial-natural ecosystems that characterize the Anthropocene.) Cleaning ocean plastics, even if it were technologically possible on a scale that would make a difference, would disrupt and destroy the life we would be trying to save in the first place.

2014, Marina Zurkow, The Petroleum Manga, punctum books, →DOI, →ISBN, page 24:

Freshwater and marine habitats share a number of features, but there are also differences between them that may affect the development and activities of plastisphere consortia.

2017, Martin Wagner, Scott Lambert, Freshwater Microplastics: Emerging Environmental Contaminants?, Springer, →ISBN, page 183:

(ecology) The ecosystem on the surface of a piece of plastic (especially in a marine environment).


heteromyopia

From hetero- + myopia, as the animals involved are metaphorically short-sighted in their view of other species.

(ecology) The situation in which interspecific competition occurs over shorter distances than intraspecific competition.


synurbic

en-adj

synurbic (comparative more synurbic, superlative most synurbic)

more synurbic (comparative)
most synurbic (superlative)

(ecology) That lives (predominantly) within an urban ecosystem; adapted to urban life.


barophobic

barophobic (comparative more barophobic, superlative most barophobic)

more barophobic (comparative)
most barophobic (superlative)

Non-marine bacteria: Freshwater and parasitic bacteria are barophobic.

2001, Edited by Rabin Sen Gupta, The Indian Ocean: A Perspective, Volume 2, →ISBN, page 500:

(ecology) Not adapted to survive at high pressures.


pyrodiversity

Despite ambiguities in reconstructing presuppression fire behavior, there is wide agreement that a century of fire-suppression management has resulted in a large increase of dead and living fuel, increasing the probability of surface fires becoming crown fires of greater areal extent and intensity. That is, "pyrodiversity" has declined from a once wide spectrum over space, time, and intensity. The likely consequence is that biodiversity has declined as well (Martin and Sapsis 1992).

2000, Michael G. Barbour, Richard A. Minnich, “Californian Upland Forests and Woodlands”, in North American Terrestrial Vegetation, pages 180–181:

Some scientists suggest that pyrodiversity (the diversity in frequency, scale, season, and type of fire) leads to great biodiversity of plant species and vegetation types.

2005, Kat Anderson, Tending the Wild: Native American Knowledge and the Management of California's Natural Resources, page 18:

Consequently, as we see later in this book, Native Californians experimented with pyrodiversity practices in an attempt to diversify plant and animal resources and to minimize the risks of serious food shortages through storage, trade, and mass harvests when resources were plentiful.

2009, Kent G. Lightfoot, California Indians and Their Environment: An Introduction, page 70:

(ecology) A variation in the kinds of fire, whether produced by natural conditions or controlled burning, in an environment or ecosystem.


ergasiophygophyte

Ancient Greek ἐργᾰσίᾱ (ergasíā, “work, production”) + φῠγή (phugḗ, “flight”) + -phyte (“plant”)

uder

12 taxa were numbered among ergasiophygophytes

2003, Ludwik Frey, Problems of grass biology, page 196:

(ecology, rare) Any formerly cultivated plant that has escaped into the wild.


holosaprophyte

From German Holosaprophyt, equivalent to holo- (“whole”) + sapro- (“putric, rotten”) + -phyte (“plant”).

confix

(ecology) An organism which is purely a saprophyte.


microinsular

(ecology) Relating to, or found on, a very small island.


microinsularity

(ecology) The condition of being microinsular


ecad

(ecology) An organism whose form has been affected by its environment.


hydroclimate

(ecology) The climate of an aquatic habitat


rewilder

In this way, the reintroduction of the black rat, as well as being justice for the rats and excellent for biodiversity, would, according to the thinking rewilder, symbolise a mystical reconnection with what is most verminous in ourselves.

2009 January 4, Catherine Bennett, “Catherine Bennett: After beavers and wolves, why not bring back the black rat?”, in The Observer:

His services are increasingly in demand from a new generation of rewilders, including wealthy landowners wanting to bring back beavers, as well as harvest mice, wildcats and white storks.

2020 October 13, Patrick Barkham, “How maverick rewilders are trying to turn back the tide of extinction”, in The Guardian, retrieved 2020-11-09:

(ecology) A person who advocates the reintroduction of animals into the wild as a means of conservation.


macrohabitat

3) Stages of radiation: All else being equal, the following sequence of the diversification events is expected: (i) divergence with respect to macrohabitat; (ii) evolution of microhabitat choice and divergence with respect to microhabitat; (iii) divergence with respect to traits that simultaneously control the degree of local adaptation and nonrandom mating; and (iv) divergence with respect to other traits controlling survival and reproduction.

2009 February 6, Sergey Gavrilets, Jonathan B. Losos, “Adaptive Radiation: Contrasting Theory with Data”, in Science, volume 323, number 5915, →DOI, pages 732–737:

(ecology) A relatively large habitat, that contains multiple environments and multiple types of organism


microbiotope

A shorter unarmed rostrum along with reduced spines reduces impact of strong turbulent water fluxes, which are common in the microbiotopes where the shrimps thrive [51 ].

2015 July 11, “Phylogeny and New Classification of Hydrothermal Vent and Seep Shrimps of the Family Alvinocarididae (Decapoda)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


brownify

en-verb

brownify (third-person singular simple present brownifies, present participle brownifying, simple past and past participle brownified)

brownifies (present singular third-person)
brownifying (participle present)
brownified (participle past)
brownified (past)

(in particular, ecology, of a lake or stream) To become brown due to increased levels of humic material.


encruster

Some rock encrusters can occupy large areas and impart new morphological, biological, and geological characteristics upon the environment they settled. Probably the most widespread encrusters along karst coastlines are coralline red algae […]

2013, Michael J. Lace, John E. Mylroie, Coastal Karst Landforms, page 42:

(ecology) Any organism that encrusts part of its environment.


defaunated

Yet, initially defaunated empty tests and live barnacles developed markedly different macrobenthic assemblages, suggesting a strong indirect effect of the predation.

2015 July 18, “Bored to Death: Community-Wide Effect of Predation on a Foundation Species in a Low-Disturbance Arctic Subtidal System”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) From which animals have been removed.


ecoinformatics

Although there are difficult challenges associated with building these integrated datasets, these same challenges provide substantial opportunities, especially for early-career ecologists, for interdisciplinary training in ecoinformatics and database management, and classical ecology; thus pushing the ecological boundary to answer important macrosystems ecology questions.

2015 July 1, Patricia A. Soranno et al., “Building a multi-scaled geospatial temporal ecology database from disparate data sources: fostering open science and data reuse”, in GigaScience, volume 4, →DOI:

(ecology, computing) The use of computing and information science in ecology


paraclimax

(ecology) A relatively stable community of foreign plants established after the destruction, by humans, of a native habitat.


defaunation

en-noun

defaunation (countable and uncountable, plural defaunations)

Coordinate term: deforestation

For this reason, the symbolic dimensions of defaunation can be of direct relevance to any initiative aiming for sustainable wildlife management and biodiversity conservation in areas inhabited by hunter-gatherers (Franzen 2005; Lu 2001).

2016, Victoria Reyes-García, Aili Pyhälä, Hunter-gatherers in a Changing World, Springer, →ISBN, page 79:

(ecology) The loss of animals from a habitat


anthropobiome

The filled boxes signify representation of the particular anthropobiome in each ecoregion.

2015 August 1, “Modelling Hotspots for Invasive Alien Plants in India”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) An anthropogenic biome (human-generated vegetation type)


litterbag

(ecology) A bag for the collection of litterfall.


mesothermal

The regional climate is humid mesothermal, with a hot summer and well distributed rainfall throughout the year (Cfa in Köppen-Geiser’s classification [32 ]).

2015 August 27, “Markedly Divergent Tree Assemblage Responses to Tropical Forest Loss and Fragmentation across a Strong Seasonality Gradient”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


extraguild

Actually, competition may cause a shift in niche partitioning of plant resources (i.e., flower vs. leaf), which consequently affects the extraguild prey consumption.

2015 September 26, “Plant Resources as a Factor Altering Emergent Multi-Predator Effects”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


tritrophic

/tɹʌɪˈtɹəʊ.fɪk/

/tɹʌɪˈtɹɒf.ɪk/

From tri- (“three”) + -trophic (“relating to feeding and nutrition”), from Ancient Greek τροφικός (trophikós, “nursing, tending”), from τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment, food”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”).

af

<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">-ic</i>

The spatial overlap between bean species and bruchine hosts, together with the great morphological similarity among the Horismenus species, has made the study of the ecology and population genetics of this tritrophic system difficult.

2015 September 10, “Uncovering Cryptic Parasitoid Diversity in Horismenus (Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) Describing a parasite that feeds on another parasite that feeds on a third parasite.


hypercolonization

Here, we show that inactivation of dsdA does not lead to hypercolonization.

2015 September 15, “dsdA Does Not Affect Colonization of the Murine Urinary Tract by Escherichia coli CFT073”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) excessive colonization (by an organism)


riparian buffer

en-noun

riparian buffer (plural riparian buffers)

/ɹʌɪˈpɛːɹɪən ˈbʌfə(ɹ)/

(ecology) An area of vegetation around a body of water that gives benefits to the ecosystem in the body of water. It can provide shade, a food source, and a buffer against pollution from outside sources.


mesocratic

Turner and West ( 1968 ) suggest that the phases of an interglacial period (cryocratic, protocratic, mesocratic, telocratic ) be considered as cenozones.

1975, Valentin Abramovich Krasilov, Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants, page 229:

Hence, regional soil degenerations and podsolization was probably an important factor contributing to the retrogressive change in the forest composition at the end of the mesocratic phase..

1987, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, page 10:

The fully developed mesocratic woodland had a somewhat different character..

2012, M. Ingrouille, Historical Ecology of the British Flora, page 76:

(ecology) The second stage of interglacial forest development (Early-Temperate), characterized by a transitional mix of light-demanding and shade-tolerant species.


depensation

To do so, the Allee effect intensity (i.e., the number of spawners that effectively participate in reproduction) is modelled as a function of the river basin watershed area wa j through the parameters η and θ (Table 1 ) with depensation intensity positively correlated to parameter η and negatively correlated to parameter θ.

2015 October 2, “The Combined Use of Correlative and Mechanistic Species Distribution Models Benefits Low Conservation Status Species”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) A decrease in the breeding population and thus of offspring


endobenthos

(ecology) benthic organisms that live buried or burrowing in the sediment, often in the oxygenated top layer


phytoclimatic

(ecology) Of or relating to the relationship between climate and the distribution of plants.


big five

(ecology) The five major extinction events since the beginning of life on Earth.


phylodiversity

phylodiversity (countable and uncountable, plural phylodiversities)

From this rarefied dataset, alpha diversity was estimated in two ways using QIIME v1.8: observed species and phylodiversity.

2015 October 21, “Flea-Associated Bacterial Communities across an Environmental Transect in a Plague-Endemic Region of Uganda”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) The diversity of phyla in a habitat etc


ecosystem engineer

ecosystem engineer (plural ecosystem engineers)

(ecology) Any organism that creates, significantly modifies, maintains or destroys a habitat.

biobouwer

organism that significantly impacts its habitat


thermoecology

(ecology) The branch of ecology that focuses on the effects of the temperature change.


perilithon

In addition, it has been shown that perilithon abundance is negatively correlated with substrate clogging in the Durance particularly in the middle part of the river which is characterized by highly regulated flows (see Fig 5).

2015 November 12, “When Anthropogenic River Disturbance Decreases Hybridisation between Non-Native and Endemic Cyprinids and Drives an Ecomorphological Displacement towards Juvenile State in Both Species”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) A form of periphyton found on submerged rocks


ecospace

(ecology, neologism) The ecological space that an organism occupies as part of its habitat.


euryoecious

From Ancient Greek εὐρύς (eurús, “wide”) + Ancient Greek οἰκέω (oikéō, “to dwell”). By surface analysis, eury- + -oecious.

[…] be stenoecious for that factor, while those with a large amplitude are designated euryoecious. […] Euryoecious species, by contrast, do not reflect the character of their habitat in regard to the variable for which they have a broad range.

1971, Martin Alexander, Microbial Ecology, page 135:

Both clades appear to harbor widespread euryoecious species.

2015 November 19, “Global Habitat Suitability and Ecological Niche Separation in the Phylum Placozoa”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) Able to live in variable habitats or conditions.


hygrocolous

The hygrocolous communities around the lake are dominated by Deyeuxia angustifolia, Deyeuxia langsdorffii, Carex appendiculata and Carex rhynchophysa.

2016 January 6, “Vegetation and Climate Change during the Last Deglaciation in the Great Khingan Mountain, Northeastern China”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


araneocenosis

This species is among the one of the flagship species for conservation activities and nature protection efforts aimed on araneocenosis in the condition of the Central Europe.

2016 February 5, “Impact of Canopy Openness on Spider Communities: Implications for Conservation Management of Formerly Coppiced Oak Forests”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(ecology) All the spiders that live in a particular habitat


euryvalent

In our study locations, habitat structures in the changeover from open stands to dense stands included spider species expanding from both extremes but likely maintaining a suitable environment only for common and euryvalent species, while the presence of conservationally important species rose by a significant 65% with higher canopy openness.

(ecology, of an organism) That adapts well to changing environmental conditions


infrapopulation

If these data are assumed to represent random samples of flukes from the three host species, the Lorenz curves indicate that approximately 10% of flukes in any infrapopulation contribute about 30–35% of all eggs shed by a particular host.

2015 June 10, MELISSA A. BECK, CAMERON P. GOATER, DOUGLAS D. COLWELL, “Comparative recruitment, morphology and reproduction of a generalist trematode, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, in three species of host”, in Parasitology, volume 142, →DOI:


holobiont

The variables we considered include solar irradiance and turbidity, which are relevant to the symbiont photosynthesis and yearly minimum temperature, representing potential limiting factors for the holobiont.

2015 August 13, Christiane Schmidt et al., “Recent Invasion of the Symbiont-Bearing Foraminifera Pararotalia into the Eastern Mediterranean Facilitated by the Ongoing Warming Trend”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

Some say we should be seen as a holobiont, a term that reflects the intimate, co-dependent relationship humans have with microbes.

2018, Nicola Davis, The Guardian, 256 March:

Holobionts are the lichens of this world, the more-than-the-sums of parts.

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 103:

(ecology) A host organism plus its associated microorganisms


eumetric

We examined the potential increases in yields if the sizes at first capture ( L c ) were set optimally for the estimated fishing mortality rates (i.e., eumetric fishing).

2015 August 12, Marc O. Nadon et al., “Length-Based Assessment of Coral Reef Fish Populations in the Main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(ecology) That produces a stable population size


sink function

(ecology) An environment’s ability to absorb and render pollution harmless.


subcosmopolitan

Rosaceae is the 19th largest family and there are about hundred genera which are distributed from cosmopolitan to subcosmopolitan and diversified to northern hemisphere [ 2 ].

2015 August 19, Hafiz Majid Rasheed et al., “Chemical Composition and Vasorelaxant and Antispasmodic Effects of Essential Oil from Rosa indica L. Petals”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biology, ecology, of a taxon) Not completely cosmopolitan


PHO

potentially hazardous object
potentially hazardous object#English

(astronomy, ecology, geology) Abbreviation of potentially hazardous object.


piezosphere

(ecology) The deep-sea environment inhabited by piezophiles


synurbization

(ecology) The adaptation of an organism to live predominantly in an urban ecosystem


r/K selection theory

(ecology) A theory regarding the selection of combinations of traits in an organism that represent a trade-off between quantity and quality of offspring.


population biology

(biology, ecology) The study of populations of organisms, especially the growth and regulation of population sizes and genetics, and the effects of interactions between species.


nondisperser

Nesting data from dispersers and nondispersers came from the same set of colonies and were thus directly comparable.

1996, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown, Coloniality in the Cliff Swallow:

(ecology) An organism that is not a disperser.


wildlife corridor

wildlife corridor (plural wildlife corridors)

For example, a single landowner may be required to conserve a wildlife corridor as mitigation for developing the site.

2006, Jodi A. Hilty, William Z. Lidicker Jr., Adina Merenlender, Corridor Ecology: The Science and Practice of Linking Landscapes for Biodiversity Conservation, →ISBN, page 209:

This type of wildlife corridor will be key to maintaining population stability and longevity for species such as bear, moose and caribou, especially as the 6-mile-wide Sterling Highway development corridor becomes fully realized, and should the planned Cooper Landing bypass become reality.

2009, U.S. Fish, Wildlife Service, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge: Revised Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Statement, page D-22:

Gaps in the wildlife corridor may be barriers to the movement of some species but inconsequential for other species.

2012, James Gleeson, Deborah Gleeson, Reducing the Impacts of Development on Wildlife, →ISBN, page 90:

(ecology) A strip of vegetation that differs from its surrounding environment and which connects otherwise separate habitat areas.


psammon

From psammo- + -on, to be analogous to plankton.

Rotifers also are present in the psammon, the sandy habitat along the wet reaches of shorelines.

2014, James H. Thorp, D. Christopher Rogers, Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates: Ecology and General Biology:

(ecology) The community of organisms living in the sandy, moist habitat along a shoreline.


red forest

* (ecology): Due to the colouration found in forest that has been killed
** (ecology): Due to the change in color of arboreal foliage into red shades due to radiation damage

(ecology) A forest that has died, leaving foilage that reddens and trees that redden

(ecology) A forest contaminated with nuclear fallout.

mountain pine beetle
mountain pine beetle#English

(ecology) A forest killed by an infestation of mountain pine beetle


pre-mine

(ecology) Before the opening of a mine in a region.


defaunate

en-verb

defaunate (third-person singular simple present defaunates, present participle defaunating, simple past and past participle defaunated)

defaunates (present singular third-person)
defaunating (participle present)
defaunated (participle past)
defaunated (past)

From de- + fauna + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

af

(ecology, transitive) To remove the animals from.


subendemic

In a few cases, this procedure had the effect that taxa changed their designation from endemic to subendemic because they have since been found in North African countries, such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunesia, or in parts of western Asia.

2013, Carsten Hobohm, Endemism in Vascular Plants, page 126:


bioinventory

(ecology) An inventory of the plants and animals in a location


eukaryvory

On the pattern of herbivory, carnivory, etc.

(ecology, rare) Feeding on eukaryotes (by other eukaryotes).


limnoterrestrial

(biology, ecology) Experiencing periods of immersion and of desiccation; inhabiting such an environment


phytodiversity

en-noun

phytodiversity (countable and uncountable, plural phytodiversities)

(ecology) The diversity of plant species in an area


kleptopredation

(biology, ecology) A feeding strategy where a predator hunts other predators who have recently fed on prey, thus eating both the prey animal and the prey's own undigested prey/food. The predator chooses prey who have fed recently, and ignores those who have not fed recently.


ecophene

(genetics, ecology) The range of phenotypes produced by a genotype in a particular habitat


genecology

genecology (usually uncountable, plural genecologies)

(genetics, ecology) A branch of ecology dealing with genetic variation in different environments


immunoecological

(immunology, ecology) Relating to immunoecology


immunoecology

(immunology, ecology) The study of interactions between immunology and ecology


homeochaos

(ecology) dynamic stability in the presence of multiple different organisms


savannoid

(ecology) Any kind of plant that grows in a savanna.


hyperdynamism

(ecology) Excessive movement between the parts of a fragmented habitat


neoendemism

neoendemism (countable and uncountable, plural neoendemisms)


phytosphere

(ecology) The interior and exterior of plants regarded as an ecosystem


mixedwood

mixedwood (countable and uncountable, plural mixedwoods)

(ecology, attributive) Having a diverse assortment of trees.


chronoecology

(ecology) The study of the effects of time on ecosystems, especially the effects of periodicity


Earth Overshoot Day

en-proper noun

Earth Overshoot Day (plural Earth Overshoot Days)

(ecology) The calculated illustrative calendar date on which humanity's resource consumption for the year exceeds Earth's capacity to regenerate those resources that year.


metaecosystem

(ecology) An ecosystem of metacommunities


paleosynecology

(ecology) A subdivision of paleoecology studying the fossil communities


ecogenomics

(ecology, genetics) The application of genomics to ecology


suprapopulation

(ecology) All the individuals of a species at all stages in their life cycle (in all hosts) in an ecosystem


ecogeomorphic

(ecology, geography) Relating to ecogeomorphology


ecogeomorphology

(ecology, geography) The study of the relationships between ecology and geomorphology


sociation

en-noun

sociation (countable and uncountable, plural sociations)

But as I chose to classify sociations, or rather associations in topographical terms, it was obviously necessary to separate the C. Bigelowii myri from the dry-ground sociations in which it is a dominant species.

1975, Steindór Steindórsson frá Hlöðum, Studies on the mire-vegetation of Iceland, page 99:

Therefore a comparative analysis and a classification of bog plant communities must be undertaken on the basis of sociations.

2013, Peter D. Moore, European Mires, →ISBN, page 124:

(ecology) The stable interactions and influences among the species within a coenose.


eurybiomic

(ecology) Inhabiting several different biomes


stenobiomic

(ecology) Inhabiting very few different biomes


stenoecious

(ecology, of an organism) That can live in only a restrictive range of habitats


macroecologist

(ecology) An ecologist whose speciality is macroecology


macrocommunity

(ecology) A relatively large-scale community


taphocoenosis

(ecology) An assemblage of dead organisms


microbialization

microbialization (countable and uncountable, plural microbializations)

(ecology) The modification of an environment by invasion of microbes


subxerophytic

(ecology) Normally very dry (xerophytic) but with occasional wet periods


chemoecology

(chemistry, ecology) The chemical aspects of ecology


chemoecological

(chemistry, ecology) Relating to chemoecology


ecometagenetics

(ecology, genetics) A combination of ecology and metagenetics


ectocommensalism

(ecology) commensalism in which one organism is outside of the other


hemiboreal

(ecology) Describing a climate midway between a temperate and a boreal one


megahabitat

(ecology) A very large habitat, typically in the deep sea


serviceshed

Some servicesheds overlap: the servicesheds of Farm 1 and Farm 2 fall entirely within Farm 3's serviceshed because Farm 3 takes water from further downstream.

2016, Harold Mooney, Ecosystems of California, page 270:

(ecology) The geographical region that supplies ecosystem services to a beneficiary.


K-selection

(ecology) A theory involving natural selection based on quality.


r-selection

(ecology) A theory involving natural selection based on quantity.


predreissenid

(ecology) Prior to the presence of dreissenids in an environment


postdreissenid

(ecology) Following the introduction of dreissenids in an environment


subecoregion

(ecology) A distinct part of an ecoregion


chemosymbiont

(ecology) An organism involved in chemosymbiosis


ecoimmunological

(ecology, immunology) Relating to ecoimmunology


ecoimmunology

(ecology, immunology) The ecological application of immunology


steppification

(ecology) The process of becoming a steppe.


ecostratigraphy

(ecology, geology) The application of stratigraphy to identify fossil ecosystems


edaphoecological

From Ancient Greek ἔδαφος (édaphos) + ecological.

(ecology) Relating to soils and the ecosystems within them


eurybiontic

Coordinate term: stenobiontic

(ecology) Able to tolerate a wide range of environments.


pathocenosis

(pathology, ecology) The study of disease in societies


aeroecology

(ecology) The ecology of airborne organisms.


ecomorphospace

(biology, ecology) An ecological morphospace


plant community

plant community (plural plant communities)

(botany, ecology) a group of plants of different species which coexist in a habitat under certain conditions, and that may be mutually dependent on each other.


visuoecological

(ecology) Relating to the ecology of visual landscapes


ecodeme

(ecology) A population of organisms that occupy a particular ecological niche


morphodeme

(ecology) A population of organisms that have a shared morphology


oligosaprobic

(ecology) Relating to, or inhabiting a body of water containing some decomposing organic matter and thus only a little dissolved oxygen


shiftogram

(ecology) A graphical representation of the movement of populations


chemoecologist

(ecology) An ecologist whose speciality is chemoecology


ecogroup

(ecology) A group of organisms that share the same ecosystem


ecoclimate

(ecology) The climate (or, more often, the microclimate) of a particular habitat


geoecological

Unlike the landscape ecology as K. Troll (1972) calls it - geoecology, the objects of researches in the marine geoecology are the geoecological systems of oceans and seas (SGES) of all levels and scales.

1997, Paul G. Marinos, Engineering Geology and the Environment, volume 1, page 104:

(geology, ecology) Relating to geoecology.


bathytype

(biology, ecology) A marine ecotype that lives at a specific depth


ecohydrodynamics

(ecology) The hydrodynamics of an ecosystem


ecophylogenetics

(ecology) The phylogenetics of the organisms of an ecosystem


hyperdominance

(ecology) The condition of being hyperdominant


hyperdominant

(ecology) Very dominant (typically being the species that accounts for more than half of a population)


ecoplasticity

(ecology) The condition of being ecoplastic


ecoplastic

(ecology) Able to adapt to a changing environment


ecoregionalization

ecoregionalization (countable and uncountable, plural ecoregionalizations)

(ecology) The formation of, or division into ecoregions


ecorehabilitation

(ecology) rehabilitation of an ecosystem, typically in order to save an important threatened species


eclector

(ecology) Any of various devices used to collect samples of insects resident in a particular location


photoeclector

(ecology) An eclector fitted with a light that is used to attract insects


halobiotic

(ecology) That lives in the sea or salt water.


ecoprovince

(ecology) A subdivision of an ecozone that is larger than an ecoregion


supertramp

In all aspects of its distribution, ecology and reproduction, the pearly-eye is a classic example of an avian "supertramp." It is a highly vagile species and a good disperser, with a propensity to fill vacant or under-exploited niches.

2006, Wayne J. Arendt, “Adaptation of an avian supertramp: Distribution, ecology and life-history strategy of the pearly-eyed thrasher (Margarops fuscatus)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), USDA, Forest Service:

(ecology) A species of organism that disperses widely and is not adapted to any specific environment.


eDNA

environmental DNA
environmental DNA#English

(ecology) Initialism of environmental DNA.


genodeme

(ecology) A population of genetically identical organisms


zonobiome

(ecology) The group of biomes constituting a particular ecozone.


anthropopressure

(ecology) pressure due to the presence of people or habitation


micropopulation

(ecology) A population of organisms within a microregion


microlandscape

(ecology) A very small landscape, especially one that has been artificially constructed


subhabitat

(ecology) A distinct component of a habitat


psychrophilia

(ecology) A tendency to thrive at low temperatures.


stenovalent

(ecology, of an organism) Restricted to few types of environment


IBI

IBI (countable and uncountable, plural IBIs)

(ecology) Initialism of index of biological integrity.


standing crop

(ecology, agriculture) The total dried biomass of the living organisms present in a given environment.


blue carbon

(ecology) Carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere by the world's coastal ocean ecosystems.

carbon glas

carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere by the ocean


windwatt

(ecology) A mudflat exposed as a result of wind action on water.


herbfield

(ecology) A plant community dominated by herbaceous plants, especially forbs and grasses.


bioresilience

(ecology) The ability of a whole species or an individual of a species to adapt to change.


photoenvironment

(ecology) An environment that has a particular level of light


afroalpine

(ecology) Relating to the climates of the higher African mountains


borealization

(ecology) Conversion to the ecology of a typical northern coniferous forest


ecosystematist

(ecology) A biologist whose speciality is ecosystems


ecophase

(biology, ecology) An ecological phase (in the life of an organism)


FFR

iFR

instantaneous wave-free ratio; instant flow reserve

(ecology) Abbreviation of free-flowing river.


xenodiversity

(ecology) Diversity due to the presence of "foreign" organisms.


epedaphic

(ecology) That lives on or above the ground


coenocline

From Ancient Greek κοινός (koinós, “common”) plus Ancient Greek κλίνω (klínō, “to lean”).

(ecology) A gradient of organisms (typically plants) from the base to the summit of a hill or mountain


oxythermal

(ecology, of a water environment) warm and rich in oxygen


zoosphere

zoosphere (countable and uncountable, plural zoospheres)

[…] this mode of selection does not seem to apply to the zoosphere of the investigated Antarctic sediments.

1988, Wolfgang Reichardt, “Impact of the Antarctic Benthic Fauna on the Enrichment of Biopolymer Degrading Psychrophilic Bacteria”, in Microbial Ecology, volume 15, number 3, page 319:

(ecology) A layer in which animals are present.


geoecosystem

(geology, ecology) An ecosystem associated with a particular geological niche


cryosere

Colonization of mosses on glaciers, although unusual, is considered the earliest stage in a cryosere which regionally terminates in the development of hemlock forest.

1972, Calvin J. Heusser, “Polsters of the moss Drepanocladus berggrenii on Gilkey Glacier, Alaska”, in Torreya, volume 99, number 1, →JSTOR, pages 34–36:

These colonies of mosses invading the glacier surface appear to represent the earliest stages of a lithosere or, more precisely, a cryosere.

2014, James H. Dickson, Robert E. Johnson, “Mosses and the beginning of plant succession on the Walker Glacier, southeastern Alaska”, in Lindbergia, volume 37, number 2, →DOI, pages 60–65:

(ecology, rare) A sere originating when moss colonizes ice.


ecodistance

(mathematics, ecology) The difference in value of two related ecological variables


definitive host

definitive host (plural definitive hosts)

Cats are the definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii.

They remain within the intermediate host until it is eaten by the definitive host.

2002, Jack Chernin, Parasitology, →ISBN, page 14:

(ecology) The host in which a parasite reproduces sexually.


hydroecoregion

(ecology) An ecoregion composed of water (typically a river or lake)


ecocapitalism

For some, ecocapitalism is inherently a contradiction in terms. […] However, for free market enthusiasts, capitalism would remain largely unchanged in ecocapitalism.

2011, “Ecocapitalism”, in Dustin Mulvaney, editor, Green Politics: An A-to-Z Guide, SAGE, →ISBN, page 111:

He’s recently been hanging out with renowned investor Warren Buffet’s son, Howard, on a combine harvester in Iowa. (“A great guy. He really gets soil!”) This won’t do much to calm the greens who accuse him of a brand of eco-capitalism.

2014 August 20, Lucy Siegle, “Patrick Holden: 'People’s image of farming is a complete fantasy'”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(politics, ecology) The philosophy that market-based methods can solve environmental and ecological problems, through government policy.


biospherics

(biology, ecology) The study of biospheres


boreomontane

(ecology) Alternative form of boreo-montane


boreo-montane

Conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear phylogeographic signals and evolution of host-plant shifts in the boreo-montane leaf beetle Chrysomela lapponica

2010, paper title in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution volume 61https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.09.001

(ecology) Occupying both boreal and montane habitats.


bioconnectivity

(biology, ecology) connectivity between ecosystems


ecobiological

(ecology, biology) ecological and biological


pseudosink

(ecology) A habitat that appears to be a sink due to its high immigration rate, but which could support a smaller stable population in the absence of immigration.


oligocratic

Significantly, his pollen deposits reveal the conditions both in the oligocratic and the telocratic .

1982, John D. Hamaker, Donald A. Weaver, The Survival of Civilization Depends Upon Our Solving Three Problems, page 64:

During the first part of the oligocratic stage, leaching of brown soils produces acid podzols that favour coniferous woodlands and heaths.

2004, Richard John Huggett, Fundamentals of Biogeography, page 319:

Carpinus (hornbeam) behaved much more strongly as an oligocratic species than before; its pollen frequency not rising until quite late in the stage.

2012, M. Ingrouille, Historical Ecology of the British Flora, page 76:

Palaeoenvironmental evidence from northwest Europe indicates that the oligocratic phase of the interglacial cycle (Fig. 3.1) had begun by ca. 5K years BP.

2014, Antoinette Mannion, Global Environmental Change, page 71:

(ecology) The third and penultimate stage of interglacial forest development (Late-Temperate), characterized by shade-tolerant species that tolerate leaching of the soil.


mycodiversity

(ecology) The diversity of fungi in a particular environment.


greenwater

(ecology) Alternative form of green water


ecoevolution

ecoevolution (countable and uncountable, plural ecoevolutions)

evolutionary biology
evolutionary biology

(ecology) evolutionary ecology (the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology)


phagomimetic

(ecology) Pertaining to phagomimicry; pertaining something that which is not food but which stimulates the feeding response.


phagomimicry

(ecology) The mimicking of food to the extent that it will generate a feeding response.


subxeric

(ecology, of an environment) Extremely dry


clisere

(ecology) The turnover of environmental conditions in a specific habitat throughout a period of climate change, whether natural or man-made.


polyclimax

polyclimax (countable and uncountable, plural polyclimaxes)

(ecology) The presence of multiple vegetational climaxes in the same ecosystem


Wood Wide Web

If so, did Voyria have anything to give back to their fungal partners in exchange, or were they just parasites — hackers of the Wood Wide Web?

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 23:

(ecology) Mycorrhizal networks, that is networks of fungi that connect trees, collectively.


ecovalence

(ecology) A measure of the interaction of a genotype and its environment


refaunation

refaunation (countable and uncountable, plural refaunations)

(ecology) The reintroduction of animals into an environment (following a previous defaunation)


biodiversity hotspot

biodiversity hotspot (plural biodiversity hotspots)

From biodiversity + hotspot. The word hotspot to describe such regions appears to have been first used by the British environmentalist Norman Myers (1934–2019) in a 1988 article in The Environmentalist.

Conservationists are far from able to assist all species under threat, if only for lack of funding. This places a premium on priorities: how can we support the most species at the least cost? One way is to identify ‘biodiversity hotspots’ where exceptional concentrations of endemic species are undergoing exceptional loss of habitat.

2000 February 24, Norman Myers, Russell A[lan] Mittermeier, Cristina G[oettsch] Mittermeier, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, Jennifer Kent, “Biodiversity Hotspots for Conservation Priorities”, in Nature, volume 403, number 6772, London: Nature Research, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, abstract, page 853:

(ecology) A place with a significant level of biodiversity, particularly if the flora and fauna are threatened with loss of their habitat.

Nature Research
Norman Myers
Springer Science+Business Media

生物多様性ホットスポット

せいぶつたようせいホットスポット


edge effect

(ecology) A change in population or community structures that occurs at the boundary of two or more habitats.


eco hotel

(ecology) An environmentally sustainable hotel or accommodation that has made important environmental improvements to its structure in order to minimize its impact on the natural environment.


low-impact

Carry a reusable water-bottle for a low-impact hiking experience.

(ecology) That seeks to minimize possible environmental impact.

a basso impatto

that seeks to minimize environmental impact


endocommensalism

endocommensalism (countable and uncountable, plural endocommensalisms)

(ecology) commensalism in which one organism is inside of the other. An example is a bird living in the hollow of a tree.


EPEAT

EPEAT (countable and uncountable, plural EPEATs)

w:Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool

(ecology) Initialism of Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool.


cryptozoa

From crypto- + zoa, coined by English zoologist Arthur Dendy.

coin

(ecology) Small animals who live in darkness and under conditions of high relative humidity.


cryptosphere

The teeming multitudes are to be found hidden in the soil, or beneath the debris that covers much of the earth's surface. The latter environment, the cryptosphere, provides a series of microhabitats that link their inhabitants with the environment in which they evolved many millions of years ago.

2020 [1975], John Cloudsley-Thompson, Terrestrial Environments, Routledge, →ISBN, page 22:


apodemic

From Ancient Greek ἀπόδημος (apódēmos) + -ic, from ἀπο- (apo-, “away from”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “country, people”).
Apparently, in the travel sense, coined by German-language authors in the sixteenth century.

(ecology, rare) Not endemic; found both inside a particular region and outside it (regardless of origin).


woodjam

Straining against the last light, I finally got it tied on and tossed it out to the top of the woodjam.

1977, Harmon Henkin, The Complete Fisherman's Catalog, page 65:

[…] to treat potential chronic and catastrophic sedimentation problems caused by forest roads, restore riparian areas and re-establish large woodjams at ecologically appropriate sites.

1993, Robert Doppelt, Mary Scurlock, Entering the Watershed, page 67:

Fishes (especially small ones) often use complex hiding cover such as roots,wood jams, or aquatic macrophytes to avoid predators.

2012, Tim Beechie, Philip Roni, Stream and Watershed Restoration:

In the anastomosing river model, stable alluvial deposits associated with woodjams can resist lateral channel erosion for hundreds of years, providing sites for tree germination.

2020, Ellen Wohl, Rivers in the Landscape, page 286:

(ecology) An accumulation of wood and debris from vegetation that slows the flow of a river or stream.


benthon

The simple trophic relations in the plankton do not demand such a wide variety of adaptations as do the complex relations in the benthon where, in addition to microphagous herbivores, there are also macrophagous ones and an^([sic]) unique of detritus feeders which build up animal protoplasm on the sea floor.

1961, Challenger Society for the Promotion of the Study of Oceanography, Annual Report and Proceedings of the Challenger Society, volumes 13-20, The Society, →OCLC, page 28:

(ecology, biology) The habitat at the bottom of a body of water.


psammic

From Ancient Greek ψᾰ́μμος (psámmos, “sand”) + -ic.

af

(ecology) Of or pertaining to the psammon.


PHC

Coordinate term: PHA

(astronomy, ecology, geology) Abbreviation of potentially hazardous comet.


kleptopredator

(biology, ecology) An animal that engages in kleptopredation.


secondary predation

(biology, ecology) A form of predation when one predator feeds on a second predator, which has in turn already consumed a target prey.


indirect predation

(biology, ecology) A nonconsumptive suppression of prey by a predator.


saprobity

en-noun

saprobity (countable and uncountable, plural saprobities)

(ecology) A measure of the amount of decaying organic material in an environment such as a river.


xerocline

Coordinate term: mesocline

The xeroclines receive stronger light for longer periods than do the mesoclines, while the mean temperatures of air and of soil are higher by 5-10 degrees Fahr., […]

1931, John Frederick Vicars Phillips, Forest-succession and Ecology in the Knysna Region, page 132:


mesocline

Coordinate term: xerocline


Indomalayan realm

(ecology, biogeography) One of the eight biogeographic realms, extending across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.


New Pangaea

The New Pangaea’s threat to global species diversity disappeared because we looked at the species–area curve among provinces. But the same curve predicts the effect of area-loss itself.

2001 March, Michael L. Rosenzweig, “The four questions: What does the introduction of exotic species do to diversity?”, in Evolutionary Ecology Research, volume 3, number 3, pages 361–367:

According to the Olden paper, in the New Pangaea many species will become more uniform genetically.

2003 October 7, Carl Zimmer, “The New Pangaea”, in Science:

By transporting Asian species to North America, and North American species to Australia, and Australian species to Africa, and European species to Antarctica, we are, in effect, reassembling the world into one enormous supercontinent—what biologists sometimes refer to as the New Pangaea.

[2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, chapter 10, in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Henry Holt and Company:

(ecology) A notional supercontinent created through global travel and commerce, and the resulting worldwide dispersal of alien species.


ephemeroid

(ecology) Any kind of short-lived plant.


forest steppe

(ecology, geography) A temperate-climate ecotone and habitat type composed of grassland interspersed with areas of woodland or forest.


limnobiotic

Coordinate term: halobiotic


protocratic

Turner and West ( 1968 ) suggest that the phases of an interglacial period (cryocratic, protocratic, mesocratic , telocratic ) be considered as cenozones.

1975, Valentin Abramovich Krasilov, Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants, page 229:

These shade-tolerant and relatively long-lived trees soon compete out the protocratic communities.

1987, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, page 9:

An example of the vegetation of this initial protocratic phase of the Holocene would be the subarctic birch–aspen woodland which existed adjacent to the retreating southern margin of the Scandinavian ice sheet.

2014, Neil Roberts, The Holocene: An Environmental History, page 141:

The climatic recession which produced Britain's last glaciers came rapidly to an end about 10,000 bp, as temperatures rose during the end of the protocratic phase of the present interglacial.

2019, Peter Vincent, The Biogeography of the British Isles: An Introduction, page 209:

(ecology) The first stage of interglacial forest development (Pre-Temperate), characterized by light-demanding species and rapid changes in vegetation.


Homogocene

Coined by American ornithologist and ecologist Gordon Orians, apparently from homogenous + -cene.

coin

Coordinate term: Anthropocene

The new shrunken natural world of the Homogocene will have a depressed speciation rate curve that will cost it species diversity in direct proportion to its loss of area.

So, the Homogocene cannot be said to have begun with the Holocene. Instead, 1500 would appear to be a good year to choose for the beginning of the Homogocene.

2010, Youssuf Gherbawy, Kerstin Voigt, editors, Molecular Identification of Fungi, Springer Science & Business, →ISBN, page 5:

(ecology) The current ecological era marked by anthropogenic biotic homogenization, having begun c. 1500 CE.


nature-positive

Observers expressed disappointment at the weaker-than-hoped-for language on consumption and pesticide use, both significant drivers of biodiversity loss. The term “nature positive”, which some scientists had said would be the biodiversity equivalent of “net zero”, did not appear in the agreement.

2022 December 19, Patrick Greenfield, Phoebe Weston, “Cop15: historic deal struck to halt biodiversity loss by 2030”, in The Guardian:

(ecology) A global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and achieve full nature recovery by 2050.


nature-positive

At the same time, the extent of our planetary emergency – of climate crisis, biodiversity loss and inequality – has become evident. As we rebuild our societies and economies, we are faced with a unique opportunity to build a nature-positive future that we must not let slip away.

2021 October 28, Frans Timmermans, Achim Steiner, Sandrine Dixson-Declève, “Net zero is not enough – we need to build a nature-positive future”, in The Guardian:

(ecology) Relating to theoretical achievement of the global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and to achieve full nature recovery by 2050.

(ecology) Of contributions towards the global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and to achieve full nature recovery by 2050.


nature-positive

(ecology) Of actions that contribute towards the global goal to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030, and to achieve full nature recovery by 2050.


virivory

(biology, ecology, virology) The eating of viruses. The dietary consumption of viruses. The condition of being virivorous. The condition of being a virovore.


virovore

Curtis Suttle, a microbial ecologist who led several early studies on protists that might eat viruses, said his team’s unpublished experiments suggested that certain choanozoa could be die-hard virovores, too.

2020 September 24, Katherine J. Wu, “Nothing Eats Viruses, Right? Meet Some Hungry Protists”, in New York Times:

(biology, ecology, virology) An organism whose diet is primarily composed of viruses


pyroculture

en-noun

pyroculture (countable and uncountable, plural pyrocultures)

Montanus (1671:22) however commented that: “Greenery would abound more if the natives did not burn the areas where they wander”, without at all appreciating the pyroculture that had been practiced by the Tasmanians for millennia as an innovative and successful environmental management strategy (Bird et al. 2008).

2011, John Paull, “Environmental Management in Tasmania: Better Off Dead?”, in Daniel Niles, Godfrey Baldacchino, editors, Island Futures: Conservation and Development Across the Asia-Pacific Region, page 155:

Despite the absence of farmed crops (i.e., maize, beans, and squash) and agriculture, it is clear that the western North American landscape was highly managed through fire maintenance (or pyroculture) for thousands of years (e.g., articles in Blackburn and Anderson 1993).

2015, Shannon Tushingham, Jelmar W. Eerkens, “Hunter-Gatherer Tabacco Smoking in Ancient North America: Current Chemical Evidence and a Framework for Future Studies”, in Elizabeth Anne Bollwerk, Shannon Tushingham, editors, Perspectives on the Archaeology of Pipes, Tobacco and Other Smoke Plants in the Ancient Americas, page 216:

In the words of a recent scientific review of the effects accomplished by the ‘ecological engineering’ of traditional fire practitioners, ‘pyrodiversity begets biodiversity’. This a conscious cultural economy of fire in stark contrast to the organised irresponsibility of industrial pyroculture toward the ecological consequences of its burnings, of enclosed fires hidden behind ignition switches and powerpoints.

2020, Jeremy Walker, More Heat Then Life: The Tangled Roots of Ecology, Energy and Economics, page 60:

(ecology, anthropology) The use of controlled burning, chiefly by hunter-gatherers, as a form of ecological engineering to manage plant and animal distribution in a habitat.


autosuccession

autosuccession (countable and uncountable, plural autosuccessions)

(ecology) An ecological succession, in which a species promotes its own continuation. So initial population and climax is the same.


flagship species

flagship species (plural keystone species)

(ecology) A highly recognizable and widely appreciated species that may serve to raise support a broader conservation effort.


pyrodiverse

en-adj

pyrodiverse (comparative more pyrodiverse, superlative most pyrodiverse)

more pyrodiverse (comparative)
most pyrodiverse (superlative)

(ecology) Of an environment or ecosystem, subject to variation in the kinds of fire experienced, whether produced by natural conditions or controlled burning.


wood wide web

Precisely what is passing between plants through fungal networks is a thorny question for all researches investigating wood wide webs.

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 184:

In the forest, there is a “wood wide web” of mycorrhizal fungi that run underground, connecting the trees in a forest, helping them grow and communicate.

The portrayal of fungi-forest symbioses as a 'wood wide web' is in itself a technological image which, as Woods analyses in his contribution to this volume, often hides the mycelium behind the tree: he agrees in this with Jedediah Purdy, who has satirized the inevitability with which, 'after centuries of viewing forests as kingdoms, then as factories (and, along the way, as cathedrals for Romantic sentiment), the 21st century would discover a networked information system under the leaves and humus'.

2022, Liliane Campos, Pierre-Louis Patoine, Life, Re-Scaled:

(ecology) A mycorrhizal network; a network of fungal hyphae that connect the plants in a region.


stenobiontic

Coordinate term: eurybiontic

(ecology) Able to tolerate only a limited range of environments.


stenobiont

Coordinate term: eurybiont

(ecology) An organism that is able to tolerate only a limited range of environments.


eurybiont

Coordinate term: stenobiont

(ecology) An organism that is able to tolerate a wide range of environments.


nonclimax

(ecology) Not being, or not relating to, a climax community.


mallín

(limnology) A type of meadow and wetland found in southern Chile and Argentina.


psychoecology

(ecology, psychology) A form of ecology which incorporates aspects from psychology.


plastivore

Meronym: plastizyme

(biology, ecology) A biological organism (microbial or otherwise) which consumes and breaks down plastics (synthetic polymers).


clearance time

en-noun

clearance time (countable and uncountable, plural clearance times)

To get a better idea of why the radon concentration takes a long time to return to a steady state, despite the large ventilation capacity of the 16,000-cfm ventilation fans, analysis was made of data from a test conducted to measure clearance time of an inert tracer after sudden injection into the intake portal of the mine .

1982, David P. Lindroth, Sterling J. Anderson, Safe, Effective Hangup Clearance for Underground Mines, page 11:

The exhaust configuration has little bearing on clearance time.

2004, William A. Burgess, Michael J. Ellenbecker, Robert D. Treitman, Ventilation for Control of the Work Environment, page 191:

Increased airflow is an option to decrease clearance time.

2013, Carsten Drebenstedt, Raj Singhal, Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, page 138:

The amount of time it takes to empty something out.

(ecology, chemistry) The amount of time before a foreign substance in the air has dissipated.


circular fashion

Coined in 2014 by Anna Brismar, the owner of Green Strategy, and another expert in Sweden.

Circular fashion is the intersection of the circular economy (a model that exchanges the typical cycle of take-make-waste in favour of reusing and recycling as much as possible) and sustainable and ethical fashion.

2022 September 19, Madeleine Hill, “What Is Circular Fashion?”, in Good On You:

(fashion, ecology, neologism) Clothes that are designed and made in such a way that they will last for a long time, can eventually be repaired or redesigned instead of being thrown away, and cause little or no damage to the environment.


mid-domain effect

mid-domain effect (plural mid-domain effects)

(ecology) The hypothesis that species richness tends to peak in the middle of a geographic range or habitat rather than at the extremes; an attempt to explain the observed pattern of latitudinal gradients in species diversity.


Succulent Karoo

(ecology) An ecoregion in South Africa and Namibia.


Wallace effect

(ecology, evolutionary biology) A process of speciation where natural selection increases the reproductive isolation between two populations of species as a result of selection acting against the production of hybrid individuals of low fitness.


privileged sanctuary

privileged sanctuary (plural privileged sanctuaries)

They have a privileged sanctuary. I can remember in the early days in western Nebraska we used to go out in roundups and round up jackrabbits and run them into a corral and kill them with clubs, hundreds and thousands of them, because there were so many of them. Then a bug came along and most of them died off. The last few years, because of the privileged sanctuary, which is the focal point, they are coming back, actually thousands of jackrabbits.

1956, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Withdrawal and Utilization of the Public Lands of the United States, page 138:

(ecology) A refuge where certain species are granted a protected status and cannot be killed.


karooid

(ecology) A southern African biotype from the Karoo.


-mictic

From Ancient Greek μίξις (míxis, “mingling”). First used in holomictic.

(limnology) Refers to the manner in which a body of water stratifies.


-limnion

From Ancient Greek λιμνίον (limníon, “small pond”), from λίμνη (límnē, “lake, marsh”).

der

(limnology) A part of a stratified lake.