cane

en-noun

cane (countable and uncountable, plural canes)

From Middle English cane, canne, from Old French cane (“sugar cane”), from Latin canna (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of canna and kaneh. Related to channel and canal.

A rod-shaped tool or device, resembling the stem of the plant.

(countable, glassblowing) A length of colored and/or patterned glass rod, used in the specific glassblowing technique called caneworking


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferred use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

(glassblowing) a tool used in manual production of glass objects (like bottles or wine glasses).


chair

en-verb

chair (third-person singular simple present chairs, present participle chairing, simple past and past participle chaired)

chairs (present singular third-person)
chairing (participle present)
chaired (participle past)
chaired (past)
chur (alternative)

From Middle English chayer, chaire, chaiere, chaere, chayre, chayere, from Old French chaiere, chaere, from Latin cathedra (“seat”), from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”). Displaced native stool and settle, which now have more specialised senses. Doublet of cathedra and chaise.

(transitive) To act as chairperson at; to preside over.

Bob will chair tomorrow's meeting.

Greenwood told RAIL she was disappointed that Parliamentary rules prevented her from chairing the TSC [Transport Select Committee] beyond last December's General Election, [...] She added: "I'm gutted I'm no longer able to chair the committee, I'm not going to lie. But I know it's in good hands and I'm still able to play my part as a member in the work we're doing.

2020 May 20, “Merriman praised over handling of TSC's 'virtual' transition”, in Rail, page 12:


tower

→ German: Tower

→ Hindi: टावर (ṭāvar)

→ Japanese: タワー (tawā)

→ Korean: 타워 (tawo)

→ Northern Kurdish: tawer

→ Punjabi: ਟਾਵਰ (ṭāvar)

From Middle English tour, tur, tor, from Old English tūr, tor, torr ("tower; rock"; > English tor) and Old French tour, toer, tor; both from Latin turris (“a tower”), Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis) (Hesychius), τύρσις (túrsis).
Compare Scots tour, towr, towre (“tower”), West Frisian toer (“tower”), Dutch toren (“tower”), German Turm (“tower”), Danish tårn (“tower”), Swedish torn (“tower”), Icelandic turn (“tower”), Welsh tŵr.
Doublet of tor, tourelle, and turret.

(glassblowing) A metal stand used as a pivot to support a punty at a furnace.


found

From Middle English founden, from Old French fondre, from Latin fundere. Cognate with Spanish fundir and hundir, and French fondre.

(glassblowing) The period of time when a furnace is at its hottest; the interval in which the furnace is meant to fully melt glass.


button

→ German: Button

→ Hindi: बटन (baṭan)

→ Gujarati: બટન (baṭan)

→ Korean: 버튼 (beoteun)

→ Maori: pātene

→ Marathi: बटण (baṭaṇ)

→ Urdu: بَٹَن (baṭan)

From Middle English boton, botoun, from Old French boton (Modern French bouton), from Old French bouter, boter (“to push; thrust”), ultimately from a Germanic language. Doublet of Biden and beat. More at butt.

(glassblowing) The oblate spheroidal mass of glass attaching a stem to either its bowl or foot.


journey

Reborrowing from French journée (day's activities), originally an unadapted borrowing from French journée, from Old French jornee, from Vulgar Latin *diurnāta.

(glassblowing) The total time spent melting and working one piece.


metal

en-noun

metal (countable and uncountable, plural metals)

nonmetal

antonym(s) of “any of a number of chemical elements in the periodic table that form a metallic bond with other metal atoms”

From Middle English metal, a borrowing from Old French metal, from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”).

аметалл

atomic element or material made of such atoms

Edward H[enry] Knight
w:Edward H. Knight

(glassblowing) Molten glass that is to be blown or moulded to form objects.


way

ways (plural)
'way (alternative dated)
’way (alternative dated)

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Rhenish glass containing 60 bunches.


step

From Middle English steppen, from Old English steppan (“to step, go, proceed, advance”), stepe (“step”), from Proto-West Germanic *stappjan, from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną (“to step”), *stapiz (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to support, stomp, curse, be amazed”).
Cognate with West Frisian stappe (“to step”), North Frisian stape (“to walk, trudge”), Dutch stappen (“to step, walk”), Walloon steper (“to walk away, leave”), German stapfen (“to trudge, stomp, plod”) and further to Slavic Polish stąpać (“to stomp, stamp, step, tread”), Russian ступать (stupatʹ) and Polish stopień (“step, stair, rung, degree”), Russian степень (stepenʹ). Related to stamp, stomp.

cog

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step

one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind

(glassblowing) The button joining a glass's stem to its foot.


web

From Middle English webbe, from Old English webb, from Proto-Germanic *wabją, from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”).

what a tangled web we weave when first we practice to deceive


muff

Probably from Dutch mof (“muff, mitten”).

(glassblowing) A blown cylinder of glass which is afterward flattened out to make a sheet.


yoke

From Middle English yok, yoke, ȝok from Old English ġeoc (“yoke”), from Proto-Germanic *juką (“yoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”), from *yewg- (“to join; to tie together, yoke”). Doublet of yuga, jugum, yoga and possibly yogh.
Senses 3.1 (“area of arable land”) and 3.2 (“amount of work done with draught animals”) probably referred to the area of land that could generally be ploughed by yoked draught animals within a given time.

poikkipuu

linking or supporting object that resembles a yoke

駕駛桿 /驾驶杆

device with crosspieces used to control an aircraft

iugum

unit of land area notionally equivalent to the area a team of yoked draft animals can work in a day

Senses relating to a frame around the neck.

Any of various linking or supporting objects that resembles a yoke (sense 1.1); a crosspiece, a curved bar, etc.

(glassblowing) A Y-shaped stand used to support a blowpipe or punty while reheating in the glory hole.

pidike

(glassblowing) Y-shaped stand used to support a blowpipe or punty while reheating in the glory hole


moil

en-noun

moil (countable and uncountable, plural moils)

moils (plural)
moile (alternative)
moyle (alternative)

Of unclear origin; possibly from French meule or Hebrew מוהל (mohel, “ritual circumciser”), referring to the foreskin-like shape of the unwanted rim.

bor

(glassblowing) The glass circling the tip of a blowpipe or punty, such as the residual glass after detaching a blown vessel, or the lower part of a gather.

(glassblowing, blow molding) The excess material which adheres to the top, base, or rim of a glass object when it is cut or knocked off from a blowpipe or punty, or from the mold-filling process. Typically removed after annealing as part of the finishing process (e.g. scored and snapped off).

(glassblowing) The metallic oxide from a blowpipe which has adhered to a glass object.


gather

en-verb

gather (third-person singular simple present gathers, present participle gathering, simple past and past participle gathered)

gathers (present singular third-person)
gathering (participle present)
gathered (participle past)
gathered (past)
gether (alternative obsolete regional)

From Middle English gaderen, from Old English gaderian (“to gather, assemble”), from Proto-West Germanic *gadurōn (“to bring together, unite, gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, assemble, keep”).

der

(glassblowing) To collect molten glass on the end of a tool.


gather

gathers (plural)
gether (alternative obsolete regional)

(glassblowing) A blob of molten glass collected on the end of a blowpipe.


bunch

From Middle English bunche, bonche (“hump, swelling”), of uncertain origin.
Perhaps a variant of *bunge (compare dialectal bung (“heap, grape bunch”)), from Proto-Germanic *bunkō, *bunkô, *bungǭ (“heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ-, *bʰénǵʰus (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognates include Saterland Frisian Bunke (“bone”), West Frisian bonke (“bone, lump, bump”), Dutch bonk (“lump, bone”), Low German Bunk (“bone”), German Bunge (“tuber”), Danish bunke (“heap, pile”), Faroese bunki (“heap, pile”); Hittite [Term?] (/panku/, “total, entire”), Tocharian B pkante (“volume, fatness”), Lithuanian búožė (“knob”), Ancient Greek παχύς (pakhús, “thick”), Kamkata-viri břẽć, břez (“berry tree”), Prasuni vuzra (“berry tree”), Sanskrit बहु (bahú, “thick; much”)).
Alternatively, perhaps from a variant or diminutive of bump (compare hump/hunch, lump/lunch, etc.); or from dialectal Old French bonge (“bundle”) (compare French bongeau, bonjeau, bonjot), from West Flemish bondje, diminutive of West Flemish bond (“bundle”).

cog

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Rhenish glass, 60 of which constitute a way or web.


prunt

Unknown. Akin to English print, Scots prent (“a print”), Dutch prent (“a print”).

(glassblowing) A small piece of glass fused to the main body of a piece of glasswork and then shaped or pressed, for decoration


glory hole

(glassblowing) A hole in the side of a furnace used to heat glass held on a metal rod.

trummeli

glassblowing: hole in the side of a furnace


whimsy

en-noun

whimsy (usually uncountable, plural whimsies)

Probably from whims + -y. Related to whim-wham, whim.

(glassblowing, countable) The support that protects a finished piece as it is detached from a punty.


punt

Borrowed from French pointe or Spanish punto (“point”). Doublet of point, pointe, ponto, puncto, punctum, and punto.

doublet

(glassblowing) A thin glass rod which is temporarily attached to a larger piece in order to better manipulate the larger piece.


gadget

Unknown. First used in print by Robert Brown in 1886 (see quote in definition section). Might come from French gâchette or gagée, or from the French family name Gaget, an industrialist who produced promotional gadgets in collaboration with the project to build the statue of Liberty.

(glassblowing) A spring clip attached to the end of a punty in order to grasp the foot of a glass without leaving a bullion while finishing the bowl.


gatherer

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gatherer.wav

From Middle English gaderere, gaderare, equivalent to gather + -er.

(glassblowing) A worker who collects molten glass on the end of a rod preparatory to blowing.


puffer

From puff + -er.
The cellular automata definition is a clipping of puffer train.


bullion

en-noun

bullion (countable and uncountable, plural bullions)

From Middle English bulloin, bullioun, from Anglo-Norman bullion, of obscure origin, perhaps from French bouillon, extending the sense to that of ‘melting’. Middle Dutch boelioen (“base metal”) seems to have come from the unrelated French billon.

(glassblowing) The mark left on a glass piece from its attachment to a punty.


blowpipe

(glassblowing) A long narrow pipe, rotated in the hands, upon which glassware is blown.


bullseye

bullseyes (plural)
bull's-eye (alternative)
bull's eye (alternative)

→ German: Bullauge (calque)

→ Esperanto: bovokulo (calque)

From bull's + eye. May have come from the practice of English archers shooting an arrow through the eye socket of a bull's skull as a test of skill. The connection to philately comes from the shape of the key plate or vignette.


caulker

caulkers (plural)
cauker (alternative)
calker (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-caulker.wav


parison

From French paraison, from parer (“pare”).

The wineglasses were from a matched dozen, each having begun as a glowing parison at the end of some blowpipe over in Murano but days before.

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 278:

(glassblowing) A spherical mass of glass, rolled immediately after being taken out of the furnace.


lampwork

(glassblowing) A method for working with blown glass that does not require a furnace.

(glassblowing) Glass pieces made by this method.

(glassblowing) The activity of producing glass pieces using this method.


frigger

(glassblowing) An object made by a glassmaker (or, later, other craftsmen), as an ornament, a testing sample, or a test of skill.


lagre

(glassblowing) A larger sheet of glass on which glass-sheet cylinders are spread.


marver

(glassblowing) A flat heatproof surface on which a gather of glass is rolled into shape.


lampworker

(glassblowing) Someone who works with lampwork


pontil

(glassblowing) Alternative form of punty (“rod used in glassblowing”)


punty

punties (plural)
punte (alternative)
puntee (alternative)
ponty (alternative)
pontil (alternative)
pontil rod (alternative)
puntil (alternative)
puntel (alternative)

1662, from French pontil, from Italian pontello or puntello, diminutive of punto, from Latin punctum (“a point”). Doublet of puntillo and pointel.

(glassblowing) A metal rod used in the glassblowing process. After a glass vessel has been blown to approximate size and the bottom of the piece has been finalized, the rod, which is tipped with a wad of hot glass, is attached to the bottom of the vessel to hold it while the top is finalized. It often leaves an irregular or ring-shaped scar on the base when removed, called the pontil mark.


lehr

lehrs (plural)
leer (alternative)
lear (alternative)

(glassblowing) A long oven or kiln, often having a moving belt, used for annealing glass.


sandiver

From Old French suin de verre, suint de verre, literally "grease of glass".

(glassblowing, archaic) A scum that forms on molten glass.


merese

Perhaps via French [Term?] (compare French mérèse (growth by cell division), mérisme (merismus, merism)), ultimately from Ancient Greek μερίζω (merízō), from μέρος (méros, “part”) + -ίζω (-ízō, “-ize”), from Proto-Hellenic *(h)méros. First English attestation in 1923 on page 44 of Glass-making in England by Harry J. Powell.

af

(glassblowing) A flat, sharp-edged button, often a disc-shaped knob, separating the stem of a drinking-glass from the foot.


puntel

(glassblowing) Archaic form of punty (“rod used in glassblowing”).


soffietta

From Italian soffietta, from soffiare + -etta.

(glassblowing) A tool consisting of a metal tube, often swan necked, attached to a conical nozzle. The nozzle is used to block the mouth of a glass vessel so that it can be further inflated by blowing into the tube.


pontil mark

(glassblowing) A ring-shaped or irregular scar on a glass object from where it was joined with a pontil or blowpipe. Common on bottles prior to the 1830s.


ambitty

(glassblowing) Of glass: covered with stony speckles, symptoms of incipient devitrification.


flameworker

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-flameworker.wav


puntilion

These Balls were small, but exceeding thick bubbles of Glass, which being crack'd off from the Puntilion whilst very hot […] do thereby […] acquire a very porous and very brittle texture […].


freeblown

His aim is to encourage the use of "freeblown glass" in contemporary craft work.

Freeblown vessels are made without the assistance of molds, and are often somewhat irregular in shape and exhibit a glossy surface.

1990, Louise M. DeCesare, Archeological collections management at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site, New York, page 65:

Today, our team of skilled glassmakers use the same authentic tools and techniques to produce the distinctive and highly original freeblown lead crystal glass.

2001, Victoria Pybus, Hand Made in Britain - The Visitors Guide, →ISBN, page 43:


chort

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Burgundy glass.


pâte de verre

(glassblowing) A technique in which finely crushed glass, colorants, and binders are set in a mold and fired in a kiln.


rigaree

From Italian rigare, from riga (“line”) + -are, inherited from Old Italian riga, from Lombardic rīga (“line, row”), from Proto-Germanic *rīgǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyk- (-kh-) (“to scratch, cut”).

der

(glassblowing) Parallel scores on a raised band, tear, or collar produced using ridges on the edge of a metal wheel.


cacher box

cacher boxes (plural)
casher box (alternative)

(glassblowing) A triangular iron trough lined with wood and used for holding worked glass pieces while they await the lehr.


linnet hole

(glassblowing, usually in the plural) A small flue connecting a furnace and a caulker, of about the diameter to admit a linnet.