distractile

distractile (comparative more distractile, superlative most distractile)

more distractile (comparative)
most distractile (superlative)

(botany) Tending or serving to draw apart.


anisostemonous

From aniso- + Ancient Greek στήμων (stḗmōn, “warp”, this is also the Latin meaning of stamen) + -ous.

af

(botany) having stamens different in number from the petals.


hyponasty

(botany) an upward bending of leaves or other plant parts, caused by increased growth on their lower surface

hipeanastacht

botany: an upward bending of leaves or other plant parts, caused by increased growth on their lower surface


introflexed

en-adj

introflexed (comparative more introflexed, superlative most introflexed)

more introflexed (comparative)
most introflexed (superlative)

(botany, archaic) Flexed or bent inward.


gynander

(botany) A plant having the stamens inserted in the pistil.


guttifer

From Latin gutta (“drop”) + ferre (“to bear”).

(botany, archaic) A plant that exudes gum or resin.


oosporangium

(botany) A case containing oval or rounded spores of some other kind than oospores.


monostichous

The flowers in grasses of the tribe Chloridae are monostichous.

monostichous leaf blades

(botany) Arranged in a single row on one side of an axis.


biflabellate

biflabellate leaves/antennae

(botany, zoology) flabellate on both sides


episepalous

(botany) Growing on the sepals or adnate to them.


excentral

excentral (comparative more excentral, superlative most excentral)

more excentral (comparative)
most excentral (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-excentral.wav


hypocraterimorphous

hypocraterimorphous (comparative more hypocraterimorphous, superlative most hypocraterimorphous)

more hypocraterimorphous (comparative)
most hypocraterimorphous (superlative)

From Ancient Greek ὑποκρατήριον (hupokratḗrion, “stand for a mixing jar”) (from ὑπο- (hupo-) + κρατήρ (kratḗr) + -ιον (-ion)) + -morphous.

der

ὑποκρατήριον

(botany) Shaped like a salver; having a slender tube that sharply expands into a bowl-shaped or spreading border, as in the blossom of the phlox and the lilac.


bracted

en-adj

bracted (comparative more bracted, superlative most bracted)

more bracted (comparative)
most bracted (superlative)

A Verticil or Whirl may be[…]Naked; that is without involucre, bracte or brittle. Bracted - or Involucred

1793, Thomas Martyn, The Language of Botany:


laticiferous

From Latin latex, laticis (“a liquid”) + -ferous.

laticiferous duct

laticiferous tube

laticiferous vessels

(botany) Containing latex; applied to the tissue or tubular vessels in which the latex of the plant is found.


lobeliaceous

(botany, dated) Of or pertaining to the former plant family Lobeliaceae (now subfamily Lobelioideae in family Campanulaceae), including the lobelia.


interaxillary

/ˌɪntəɹækˈsɪləɹi/

interaxillary stipules

interaxillary region

interaxillary fold

(botany) Situated within or between the axils of leaves.


veinal

He supplemented the already-satisfying mixture with his secret touch […], which was to employ a sprinkling of Cobalt Blue, this simulating the depleted veinal blood that circulated just below the human epidermis.

2016, Alan Moore, Jerusalem, Liveright, published 2016, page 56:

(now chiefly botany) Pertaining to or contained in veins, especially the veins of a leaf.


monochlamydeous

From mono- + Ancient Greek χλαμύδος (khlamúdos, “mantle, cloak”) + -ous.

der

(botany, arhaic) Having a single floral envelope, that is, a calyx without a corolla, or, possibly, in rare cases, a corolla without a calyx.


rigidulous

en-adj

rigidulous (comparative more rigidulous, superlative most rigidulous)

more rigidulous (comparative)
most rigidulous (superlative)

a rigidulous bristle

rigidulous hairs


vaginant

A vaginant leaf is one investing the stem or branch by its base, which has the form of a tube.

vaginant lamina


arquated

arquated (comparative more arquated, superlative most arquated)

more arquated (comparative)
most arquated (superlative)

(archaic, zoology, botany) shaped like a bow (curve); arched; curved.


epacris

(botany) Any of the genus Epacris of shrubs.


strobilaceous

strobilaceous (comparative more strobilaceous, superlative most strobilaceous)

more strobilaceous (comparative)
most strobilaceous (superlative)

strobilaceous stroma

strobilaceous inflorescence

(botany) Of or pertaining to a strobile or cone.

strobilaceous bud


racemulose

racemulose (comparative more racemulose, superlative most racemulose)

more racemulose (comparative)
most racemulose (superlative)

(botany, dated) Growing in very small racemes.


rectinerved

rectinerved (comparative more rectinerved, superlative most rectinerved)

more rectinerved (comparative)
most rectinerved (superlative)

(botany, of leaves) Having straight veins or nerves.


ramigerous

ramigerous (comparative more ramigerous, superlative most ramigerous)

more ramigerous (comparative)
most ramigerous (superlative)

From Latin ramus (“a branch”) + -gerous.


cypripedium

From translingual Cypripedium (genus name).

The cyprepedium from South America is supposed to be of larger size and brighter colours than that from North America […].

1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 201:

(botany) A member of the orchid genus Cypripedium.


homogony

(botany) The condition of having homogonous flowers.


vasculose

(botany, obsolete) One of the substances of which vegetable tissue is composed, differing from cellulose in its solubility in certain media.


stipuled

stipuled (comparative more stipuled, superlative most stipuled)

more stipuled (comparative)
most stipuled (superlative)

(botany) having stipules (leaf appendages).


frondiferous

frondiferous (comparative more frondiferous, superlative most frondiferous)

more frondiferous (comparative)
most frondiferous (superlative)

From Latin frondifer. By surface analysis, frond + -i- + -ferous.

surf

frondiferous leaves

frondiferous plant


homomallous

From homo- + Ancient Greek μαλλός (mallós, “lock of wool”) + -ous.

der

(botany) Uniformly bending or curving to one side; said of leaves that grow on several sides of a stem.


hispidulous

en-adj

hispidulous (comparative more hispidulous, superlative most hispidulous)

more hispidulous (comparative)
most hispidulous (superlative)

(botany, zoology) Minutely hispid; having tiny hairs.


rhizanthous

(botany) Producing flowers from a rootstock, or apparently from a root.


anthoid

The functional reproductive units are either rather simple anthoids (as found in e.g., all or nearly all monocotyledons, and in amentiferous and most of the other monochlamydeous forms) or more intricately organised holanthocormoids (almost always, if not exclusively, zoophilous).

1979, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Proceedings: Biological and medical sciences. Series C, page 350:

The assumption that in holanthocormous flowers the gonoclad bracts provided the sepaloid elements and the monandra the semaphyllous (petaloid) ones, whereas in anthoids only merandrial perianth members (tepals) can be present (each gonoclad bract remaining a bract subtending the anthoid), is in good agreement with the conditions actually encountered, the more so since we find that the theory requires a prevalence of solitary flowers in taxa with holanthocormous flowers, and of racemoid aggregates of anthoids in other taxa.

1986, A. D. J. Meeuse, Anatomy of Morphology, page 47:

The distal spikelets are reduced to solitary flowers (anthoids) leaving the raised areole-like elliptical scars when detached.

1997, Valentin A. Krassilov, Angiosperm Origins: Morphological and Ecological Aspects, page 94:

Lam (1950), for example, divided the angiosperms into phyllosporous and stachysporous groups, whereas Meeuse (1986) in his Anthocorm Theory suggests that there are at least two different kinds of flower (or in Meeuse's terminology FRUs, functional reproductive units): holoanths and anthoids.

2011, Else Marie Friis, Peter R. Crane, Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen, Early Flowers and Angiosperm Evolution, →ISBN, page 143:

According to this hypothesis the Pandanalean flower would be an anthoid, and "... a number of magnoliophytic taxa are primarily aphananthous (e.g. palms, amentiferous groups, Urticales) and if they are zoophilous, have secondarily acquired this form of pollination e.g. by the advent of extrafloral semaphylls (Euphorbiaceae, ... Freycinetia, Dichromena..." (Meeuse 1976).

2012, Pieter Baas, editor, The Plant Diversity of Malesia:

(botany) A flower or, more commonly, a floret that has the simplest, most basic type of structure.


binervate

From Latin bis (“twice”) + nervus (“sinew, nerve”).

The binervate wings of this species are elongated and nearly transparent.

(Hookeria laete-virens): stem procumbent, subpinnate; leaves suddenly acuminate, ovate, or ovate-oblong, with a thickened margin, sharply toothed, binervate.

1863, Miles Joseph Berkeley, Handbook of British Mosses, London: Lovell Reeve & Co., page 68:

(Pilotrichella welwitschii): ...the ramuline leaves are spathulate from a contracted base, obsoletely binervate, more longly acuminate, with upper margins involute and serrulate.
(Erythrodontium bicolor): Ramuline leaves, appressed when dry, erecto-patent when wet, 0.85 mm. long by 0.375 mm. wide, from a broad cordate base elliptic-ovate acuminate, slightly hollowed, shortly binervate, with margins erect or slightly recurved, minutely serrulate above middle...

1901, Antony Gepp, “Mosses”, in Catalogue of the African Plants Collected by Dr. Friedrich Welwitsch in 1853–61, volume II, Part II: Cryptogamia, London: British Museum (Natural History), Department of Botany, pages 292, 298:

...seedlings with two binervate cotyledons.

1987, Excerpta botanica, Sectio A: Taxonomica et chorologica, volume 48, number 7, Stuttgart, New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag, page 124:

(zoology, botany) Of leaves, wings, etc. having only two nerves or ribs.


gaultheria

(botany) Any plant of the genus Gaultheria of evergreen ericaceous shrubs.


intrafoliaceous

intrafoliaceous stipules

(botany) Growing immediately above or in front of a leaf.


spermoderm

In the seed these membranes are called by various names, of which the most frequently used are spermoderm or testa for the primine; mesosperm, for the secondine; and endopleura for the other.

1835, John Lindley, A Key to Structural, Physiological, and Systematic Botany, Longman et al. (publishers), page 35:

[…] The general covering of the seed is called spermoderm (σπέρμα, seed, and δέρμα, covering). […] The Spermoderm usually consists of two parts, an external membrane, called the episperm or testa (ἐπί, upon, or on the outside, and σπέρμα, a seed, or testa, a shell), and an internal membrane, called endopleura (ἔνδον, within, and πλευρά, side).

1851, John Hutton Balfour, Manual of Botany, Second Edition, John Joseph Griffin and Co., page 275


tiliaceous

From translingual Tiliaceae + -ous, from Latin tilia (“linden tree”).

(botany, obsolete) Of, pertaining to, or resembling the family Tiliaceae (now principally subfamily Tilioideae in family Malvaceae) of flowering plants, including the linden.


oncidium

(botany) Any of the genus Oncidium of tropical orchidaceous plants.


trijugous

From Latin trijugus (“threefold”), from tri- + jugum (“a yoke”).


homogonous

In Hottonia, a Primulaceous genus of two species, the European one has heterogonous dimorphism for cross-fertilization: the American one has homogonous showy flowers with only the general chance for intercrossing, and earlier flowers which are cleistogamous for self-fertilization.

1907, Asa Gray, Gray's Botanical Text-book, page 235:

(botany) Having all the flowers alike in terms of the stamens and pistils.


floscule

From Latin flōsculus, diminutive of flōs (“flower, blossom”). Compare French floscule.


fruticant

fruticant (comparative more fruticant, superlative most fruticant)

more fruticant (comparative)
most fruticant (superlative)

From Latin fruticans, present participle of fruticare (“to become bushy”), from frutex, fruticis (“shrub”).

These we shall divide into the Greater and more Ceduous , Fruticant and shrubby ; Feras and wild ; or more Civiliz'd and domestique

1664, J[ohn] E[velyn], Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-trees and the Propagation of Timber in His Majesties Dominions. […], London: […] Jo[hn] Martyn, and Ja[mes] Allestry, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC:


dicoccous

(botany) Composed of two coherent, one-seeded carpels.


mucronulate

mucronulate (comparative more mucronulate, superlative most mucronulate)

more mucronulate (comparative)
most mucronulate (superlative)

From mucronule + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

(botany) Being mucronate, but with a noticeably diminutive spine, a mucronule.


extrafoliaceous

extrafoliaceous prickles

Flowers umbelled. Leaves ovate toothed angular ciliated, Umbels extrafoliaceous stalked

1828, John Claudius Loudon, An Encyclopaedia of Plants:

(botany) Away from the leaves, or inserted in a different place from them.


tenuifolious

en-adj

tenuifolious (comparative more tenuifolious, superlative most tenuifolious)

more tenuifolious (comparative)
most tenuifolious (superlative)

From Latin tenuis (“thin”) + folium (“a leaf”).

(botany, rare) Having thin or narrow leaves.


intrapetiolar

(botany) Situated between the petiole and the stem; said of the pair of stipules at the base of a petiole when united by those margins next to the petiole, thus seeming to form a single stipule between the petiole and the stem or branch.


pistillaceous

This is the nectarium pistiliaceum, or pistillaceous nectary.

1804, Benjamin Smith Barton, Elements of Botany:


phellogen

en-noun

phellogen (countable and uncountable, plural phellogens)

From Ancient Greek φελλός (phellós, “cork”) + -gen.

We distinguish between primary bark (originating from primary meristems - protoderm, ground meristem and procambium) and secondary bark (originating from secondary meristems - the vascular cambium, the phellogen, and dilatation meristem).

2007, Keith Roberts, Handbook of Plant Science, volume 1, page 154:

(botany) The tissue of young cells that produces the phellem.


oophoridium

(botany, obsolete) The macrosporangium or case for the larger kind of spore in heterosporous flowerless plants.

oophoridie

the macrosporangium or case for the larger kind of spore in heterosporous flowerless plants


oophoric

oophoric budding

oophoric cyst

(botany) Having the nature of, or belonging to, an oophore.


geraniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Geraniaceae of flowering plants, including the geranium.


immarginate

Thallus sordid - white or whitish glaucous , thin , rimulose ; apothecia livid and partly pale , convex , immarginate, colourless within

1877, Grevillea: A Record of Cryptogamic Botany and Its Literature:

(botany) Not having a distinctive margin or border.


santalaceous

(botany) Relating to the flowering plant family Santalaceae.


bijugous

From Latin bijugus (“yoked two together”), from bis (“twice”) + jugum (“yoke, pair”).


heterostyled

The family of the Rubiaceæ contains not far short of as many heterostyled genera as all the other thirteen families together ; and hereafter no doubt other Rubiaceous genera will be found to be heterostyled

1860, Charles Darwin, The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species:


nucamentaceous

(botany, archaic) bearing one-seeded nut-like fruits.


gonimium

From New Latin gonimium, possibly from Ancient Greek γόνιμος (gónimos, “productive”).

der

(lichenology) One of the bluish-green granules that replace the more usual gonidia in certain lichens.


lanceolar

en-adj

lanceolar (comparative more lanceolar, superlative most lanceolar)

more lanceolar (comparative)
most lanceolar (superlative)

From Latin lanceola (“a little lance”), diminutive of lancea (“lance”). Compare French lancéolaire.


urceole

Stamineal urceole 10-15-toothed, with 5-10 of the teeth obtuse and sterile, and the 5 remaining ones alternate and monantherous.

1837, James Macfadyen, The Flora of Jamaica, page 101:

The common Lady's Mantle is now considered to include 10 species based chiefly on the distribution of hairiness, the shape of the leaf and the fruit or urceole.

1961, Roger William Butcher, A New Illustrated British Flora, page 686:

The numerous structures lying on the floor of the ovarian cavity have been interpreted in the past as carpels (Stapf, 1894; Baehni, 1937, 1938) or as female flowers (Hutchinson, 1926) while the urceole has been regarded as an overdeveloped "disc" or receptacle (Stapf, l.e.), a receptacle resembling a thick corolla (Hutchinson, l.e) and corolla (Baehni, l.c).

1968, The Journal of Biological Sciences - Volume 11, Issues 1-2, page 3:

(botany) A disc in the center of a flower, often resembling a thickening of the corolla, which holds the carpels.


barkbound

barkbound (comparative more barkbound, superlative most barkbound)

more barkbound (comparative)
most barkbound (superlative)

barkbound tree

(botany, archaic) Prevented from growing, by having the bark too firm or close.


nucament

From Latin nucamenta (“fir cones”), from nux, nucis (“a nut”).


glochidiate

glochidiate (comparative more glochidiate, superlative most glochidiate)

more glochidiate (comparative)
most glochidiate (superlative)

From Ancient Greek γλωχίς (glōkhís, “point, barb”) + -iate, alternative form of + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

der

glochidiate bristles


hysteranthous

(botany) Having the leaves emerge after the flowers have opened. It typically refers to geophytes that flower when the plant is dormant and without leaves during a dry season. This contrasts with synanthous plants that flower at the same time as the leaves are present.


flabellinerved

(botany, of a leaf, dated) Having many nerves diverging radiately from the base.


lappaceous

en-adj

lappaceous (comparative more lappaceous, superlative most lappaceous)

more lappaceous (comparative)
most lappaceous (superlative)

From Latin lappaceus (“burlike”), from lappa (“a bur”).

(botany) Resembling the capitulum of burdock; covered with forked points.


myrica

(botany) Any of the genus Myrica of shrubs and trees.


exalbuminous

(botany) Having no albumen about the embryo; said of certain seeds.


trifoliolate

(botany) Having three leaflets, as some compound leaves do.


humifuse

humifuse (comparative more humifuse, superlative most humifuse)

more humifuse (comparative)
most humifuse (superlative)

From Latin humus (“ground”) + fusus, past participle of fundere (“to spread”).

(botany) Spread over the surface of the ground; procumbent


gladiate

gladiate (comparative more gladiate, superlative most gladiate)

more gladiate (comparative)
most gladiate (superlative)

From Latin gladius (“sword”) + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

suffix

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gladiate.wav

The leaves of the iris and gladiolus are gladiate.


musciform

en-adj

musciform (comparative more musciform, superlative most musciform)

more musciform (comparative)
most musciform (superlative)

The surface had an irregular, musciform quality, interrupted by various ridges and valleys.

8. Native Gold, of a bright gold-yellow colour, in musciform leaves, upon saxum metalliferum; from the same place (very rich.)

1832, Carl Ludwig Giesecke, A Descriptive Catalogue of a New Collection of Minerals in the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society, Dublin: R. Graisberry, page 129:

...they connect with the theciferous, partly "peristomiate," and radiately divided (hence musciform) group of fungi...

1871, Theodore Hilgard, “Investigations on the Development of the Yeast, or Zymotic Fungus.”, in Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (Nineteenth Meeting), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Joseph Lovering, page 310:

Kelleria and Drapetes are humble subshrubby and caespitose, musciform plants, with sessile and imbricate leaves.

1880, Henri Baillon, The Natural History of Plants, volume VI, London: L. Reeve & Co., page 118:

(botany) Having the appearance or form of a moss.


labiose

labiose (comparative more labiose, superlative most labiose)

more labiose (comparative)
most labiose (superlative)

(botany) Having the appearance of being labiate; said of certain polypetalous corollas.


uniseriate

uniseriate filament

uniseriate ray

uniseriate trichomes

uniseriate stalk


subpetiolar

The leaf buds of the plane tree are subpetiolar.

(botany) Concealed within the base of the petiole.


epispermic

(botany) Pertaining or belonging to the episperm, or seed covering.


omphalode

(botany, obsolete) The central part of the hilum of a seed, through which the nutrient vessels pass into the raphe or chalaza.


fruticous

fruticous (comparative more fruticous, superlative most fruticous)

more fruticous (comparative)
most fruticous (superlative)

fruticous lichen


involucred

A Verticil or Whirl may be[…]Naked; that is without involucre, bracte or brittle. Bracted - or Involucred

1793, Thomas Martyn, The Language of Botany:


amarantaceous

amarantaceous (comparative more amarantaceous, superlative most amarantaceous)

more amarantaceous (comparative)
most amarantaceous (superlative)

amarantaceous host plant

(botany) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family Amaranthaceae of plants, including the amaranth.

amarantáceo

pertaining to or resembling the family Amaranthaceae


lorate

lorate (comparative more lorate, superlative most lorate)

more lorate (comparative)
most lorate (superlative)

From Latin loratus, from lorum (“thong”).

(botany, of leaves) Having the form of a thong or strap.


retinerved

retinerved (comparative more retinerved, superlative most retinerved)

more retinerved (comparative)
most retinerved (superlative)


pentastichous

The leaves of apple and cherry trees are pentastichous.

(botany) Having, or arranged in, five vertical ranks.


basi-

(anatomy, botany) Positioned at the base; forming a base


hypocrateriform

hypocrateriform (comparative more hypocrateriform, superlative most hypocrateriform)

more hypocrateriform (comparative)
most hypocrateriform (superlative)

/ˌhaɪpəʊkɹəˈtɪəɹɪˌfɔː(ɹ)m/

From Ancient Greek ὑποκρατήριον (hupokratḗrion, “stand for a vessel”) + -form.

der

ὑποκρατήριον

Calyx tubular ,5-10 - cleft; corolla hypocrateriform, tube long, limb flat

1861, Alphonso Wood, A class-book of botany […] :


microsporic

microsporic embryo

microsporic tissue

(botany) Of or pertaining to microspores.


glumal

glumal endogen

(botany) Having a glume, or relating to a glume.


obdiplostemony

(botany) The condition of being obdiplostemonous.


radiciform

en-adj

radiciform (comparative more radiciform, superlative most radiciform)

more radiciform (comparative)
most radiciform (superlative)

From Latin radix (stem radic-) + -iform.

radiciform appendices

radiciform processes

(botany) Having the nature or appearance of a root (radix).


barbellulate

(botany) Barbellate with small hairs, quills or barbs.


rhizogen

(obsolete, botany) One of a former proposed class of flowering plants growing on the roots of other plants and lacking green foliage.


gentianella

(botany) Any of the genus Gentianella of dwarf gentians.


cyperaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Cyperaceae, or sedges.


hexamerous

From hexa- + -merous, ultimately from Ancient Greek.

hexamerous flowers

hexamerous gastric pouch

(botany, zoology) In six parts; occurring in sixes.


allogamous

an allogamous fertilisation

an allogamous population

an allogamous species


interfoliaceous

interfoliaceous buds

interfoliaceous flowers

interfoliaceous peduncles

(botany) At the same node with opposite or whorled leaves, but occupying a position between their places of attachment.


placentiform

placentiform (comparative more placentiform, superlative most placentiform)

more placentiform (comparative)
most placentiform (superlative)

(botany) Having the shape of a placenta, or thickened disk somewhat thinner about the middle.


cyanophyll

(botany, obsolete) A blue pigment thought to have been one of the component parts of chlorophyll.


styliferous

styliferous (comparative more styliferous, superlative most styliferous)

more styliferous (comparative)
most styliferous (superlative)

styliferous cavity

styliferous pods


utriculus

(biology, anatomy, botany) Alternative form of utricle.


heterochromous

(botany) Having the central florets of a flower head of a different colour from those of the circumference.


trijugate

A trijugate leaf is a pinnate leaf with three pairs of leaflets.


octofid

From Latin octofidus, from octus (“eight”) + -fidus, related to findere (“to split”).

an octofid calyx

(botany) Cleft or separated into eight segments.


hemicarp

(botany) One portion of a fruit that spontaneously divides into halves.


lentiginose

lentiginose (comparative more lentiginose, superlative most lentiginose)

more lentiginose (comparative)
most lentiginose (superlative)

(botany) Bearing numerous dots resembling freckles.


epiphyllous

epiphyllous lichen


apogeotropic

apogeotropic movement of cotyledons

1880, Charles Darwin, The Power of Movement in Plants:

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909

(botany) Bending away from the ground; said of leaves, etc.


epigynous

(botany) Having an inferior ovary that is completely buried within the receptacle.


diplostemonous

(botany) Having twice as many stamens as petals in two whorls, the inner aligned with the petals.

(botany, uncommon) Having twice as many stamens as petals.


antesepalous

(botany) Used of inner parts of flowers, most often stamens, that are in equal number to and aligned with the sepals.

antessépalo

of stamens, in equal number to and aligned with the sepals


extrastaminal

(botany) Located outside the stamen whorl of a flower.


staminodium

(botany, uncommon) Alternative form of staminode


merosity

(botany) The number of component parts in a whorl, most commonly of flowers.


antepetalous

(botany) Used of inner parts of flowers, most often stamens, that are in equal number to and aligned with the petals.


silkweed

en-noun

silkweed (usually uncountable, plural silkweeds)

(botany) Any plant of the genus Asclepias whose seed vessels contain a long, silky down; milkweed.


obhaplostemonous

(botany) Having a single series of stamens equal in number to petals, but opposite with them.


intrastaminal

(botany) Located within the stamen whorl of a flower.


multiflorous

en-adj

multiflorous (comparative more multiflorous, superlative most multiflorous)

more multiflorous (comparative)
most multiflorous (superlative)

From Latin multiflorus, from multus (“much, many”) + flos, floris (“flower”). Compare French multiflore.

multiflorous peduncle

multiflorous spikelet

multiflorous stem


tripetaloid

(botany) Having the form or appearance of three petals.


leafet

January 9 1853, Henry David Thoreau, diary
Pulling up the Johnswort on the face of the cliff, I am surprised to see the signs of unceasing growth about the roots, fresh shoots two inches long, white with red leafets, and all the radical part quite green. The leaves of the crowfoot also are quite green, and carry me forward to spring.


monocarpellary

The fruits of the pea, cherry, and almond are monocarpellary.

monocarpellary fruit

monocarpellary ovary

monocarpellary gynoecium


phyllomorphosis

(botany) The succession and variation of leaves during different seasons.


dichogamous

dichogamous plant

dichogamous species

dichogamous flowers


lomentaceous

(botany) Of the nature of a loment; having fruits like loments.


rhizomatous

rhizomatous (comparative more rhizomatous, superlative most rhizomatous)

more rhizomatous (comparative)
most rhizomatous (superlative)

rhizomatous plant

(botany) Having, or resembling a rhizome.


heterogony

en-noun

heterogony (usually uncountable, plural heterogonies)

(botany) The condition of having two or more kinds of flower, different as to the length of their stamens and pistils


hemigamous

(botany) Having one of the two florets in the same spikelet neuter, and the other unisexual, whether male or female; said of grasses.


anthocarpous

The mulberry and pineapple are anthocarpous.

(botany) Having some portion of the floral envelopes attached to the pericarp to form the fruit.


laciniolate

en-adj

laciniolate (comparative more laciniolate, superlative most laciniolate)

more laciniolate (comparative)
most laciniolate (superlative)

(botany) Consisting of, or abounding in, very minute laciniae.


convolvulaceous

convolvulaceous (comparative more convolvulaceous, superlative most convolvulaceous)

more convolvulaceous (comparative)
most convolvulaceous (superlative)

(botany) Of, pertaining to, or resembling the family of plants Convolvulaceae, bindweeds and morning glories.


malpighia

(botany) Any of the genus Malpighia of tropical American shrubs.


multicipital

multicipital (comparative more multicipital, superlative most multicipital)

more multicipital (comparative)
most multicipital (superlative)

(botany) Having many heads or stems from one crown or root


epispore

(botany) The thickish outer coat of certain spores.


lenticellate

lenticellate (comparative more lenticellate, superlative most lenticellate)

more lenticellate (comparative)
most lenticellate (superlative)

From lenticel + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

(botany) Producing or containing lenticels.


pseudocarp

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudocarp.wav

(botany) The portion of an anthocarpous fruit that is not derived from the ovary, such as the soft part of a strawberry or fig.


petaline

petaline segments

(botany, dated) petalous (pertaining to, attached to, or resembling a petal)


loculament

Frm Latin loculamentum (“case, box”), from loculus (“a compartment”), diminutive of locus (“place”).

(botany) The cell of a pericarp in which the seed is lodged.


ramiflorous

From Latin ramus (“branch”) + flos, floris (“flower”).

(botany) Having flowers on the branches.


gynobase

(botany) a short conical or flat elevation of the receptacle of a flower, bearing the gynoecium


menispermaceous

(botany) Pertaining to the family Menispermaceae of climbing plants (the moonseeds.


stipulary

(botany) Of or pertaining to stipules; stipular.


basisolute

(botany) Prolonged at the base, like certain leaves.


hypophyllous

(botany) Being or growing on the underside of a leaf.


monothalamous

From Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos) and θᾰ́λᾰμος (thắlămos).

(botany) Whose spikelets are all similar.


diageotropism

(botany) The tendency of plant organs, such as roots, to assume a position oblique or transverse to a direction towards the centre of the Earth.


orbicule

(botany) A lipid droplet, covered by sporopollenin, in the anthers of some plants


monothalmic

(botany) Formed of a single pistil; said of fruits.


arundiferous

en-adj

arundiferous (comparative more arundiferous, superlative most arundiferous)

more arundiferous (comparative)
most arundiferous (superlative)

From Latin arundifer, from arundo (“reed”) + ferre (“to bear”).

(rare, botany) Producing reeds or canes.


bipinnatifid

bipinnatifid leaf


grossification

The swelling of the ovary after fertilisation is termed grossification

1830, John Lindley, An Introduction to Botany:

(botany) The swelling of the ovary of plants after fertilization.


anophyte

From New Latin anōphytum, equivalent to ano- (“upward”) + -phyte (“plant”).

(botany) A moss or similar plant with cellular stems, having usually an upward growth and distinct leaves.


spathed

(botany) Having a spathe, or spathes, or a particular kind of number of spathes.


gracility

en-noun

gracility (countable and uncountable, plural gracilities)

Stephen L. Whittington, David M. Reed (eds.) (2006) Bones of the Maya: Studies of Ancient Skeletons, Tuscaloosa, Ala: University of Alabama Press, →ISBN, page 69: “Gracility is usually considered a female characteristic and contrasts strikingly here with the robusticity and large size of the mandible.”

(often anatomy, botany, zoology) The property or condition of being gracile.

стройност

the property or condition of being gracile


nyctitropic

From Ancient Greek νύχτατροπικός (núkhtatropikós, literally “night-turning”).

der

νύχτατροπικός

Nyctitropic movements of plants usually consist in a folding or drooping of the leaves, the advantage being in lessening the radiation of heat.

(botany) Turning or bending at night into different positions.


pointleted

Nut pointleted, with a shell which is thickened and corky towards the point

1829, John Lindley, A Synopsis of British Flora, arranged according to the Natural Order:

(botany) Having a small, distinct point; apiculate.


mesopodium

From New Latin mesopodium, from meso- + -podium.


dialypetalous

From Ancient Greek διαλύω (dialúō, “separate”) + Ancient Greek πέταλον (pétalon, “leaf”).

(botany) Having separate petals; polypetalous.


bisaccate

(botany) Having two little bags, sacs, or pouches.


athalamous

(botany, rare) Not furnished with shields or beds for the spores, like the thallus of certain lichens.


integumation

(botany, zoology) The branch of physiology that deals with integuments.


lithocyst

(botany) A small, siliceous structure found in diatoms and some other types of algae that fills with gas or oil, controlling the buoyancy of the algae.


anticous

From Latin anticus (“in front, foremost”), from ante (“before”).

(botany) Facing toward the axis of the flower, as in the introrse anthers of the water lily.


amphigamous

(botany, archaic) entirely cellular in structure, with no distinct sexual organs.


aspergilliform

en-adj

aspergilliform (comparative more aspergilliform, superlative most aspergilliform)

more aspergilliform (comparative)
most aspergilliform (superlative)

an aspergilliform stigma

(botany) Resembling the aspergillum in form


contortuplicate

contortuplicate (comparative more contortuplicate, superlative most contortuplicate)

more contortuplicate (comparative)
most contortuplicate (superlative)

From Latin contortuplicatus, from contortus (“contorted”) + plicare (“to fold”).

The bud of the morning glory is contortuplicate.

(botany) Plaited lengthwise and also twisted.


corymbiferous

corymbiferous (comparative more corymbiferous, superlative most corymbiferous)

more corymbiferous (comparative)
most corymbiferous (superlative)

(botany, archaic) Bearing corymbs of flowers or fruit.


loculicidal

From Latin loculus (“cell”) + caedere (“to cut”). Compare French loculicide.

(botany) dehiscent through the middle of the back of each cell; said of capsules


amphigenous

amphigenous diaspores

amphigenous hyphae

(botany) growing on all sides of a leaf, as in the lichens


bicostate

(botany) Having two principal ribs running longitudinally, as in a leaf.


equisetiform

equisetiform (comparative more equisetiform, superlative most equisetiform)

more equisetiform (comparative)
most equisetiform (superlative)

(botany) Having the form of the equisetum.


bracteal

bracteal (comparative more bracteal, superlative most bracteal)

more bracteal (comparative)
most bracteal (superlative)


triphyllous

(botany) Having three leaves or leaflike structures


anthodium

(botany) The inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are gathered into an involucrate head.

Korb

the inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are gathered into an involucrate head


scutellate

scutellate (comparative more scutellate, superlative most scutellate)

more scutellate (comparative)
most scutellate (superlative)

Latin scutella (“a dish, salver”). Compare English scuttle (“a basket”).


hexapterous

From Ancient Greek ἑξαπτέρυγος (hexaptérugos), equivalent to hexa- + -pterous.

bor

(botany) Having six wing-like processes or extensions


saxatile

From Latin saxatilis, from saxum (“a rock”).

a saxatile plant


cymoid

en-adj

cymoid (comparative more cymoid, superlative most cymoid)

more cymoid (comparative)
most cymoid (superlative)


intraaxillary

(botany) Situated below the point where a leaf joins the stem.


dichlamydeous

From di- + Ancient Greek χλαμύδος (khlamúdos, “mantle, cloak”) + -ous.

der

(botany) Having two coverings, a calyx and a corolla.


isostemonous

From iso- + Ancient Greek στήμων (stḗmōn).

(botany) Having the same number of stamens as petals.


cutinization

(botany) The conversion of cell walls into a material that repels water, as in cork


rubiginose

en-adj

rubiginose (comparative more rubiginose, superlative most rubiginose)

more rubiginose (comparative)
most rubiginose (superlative)

From Latin rubiginosus, from rubigo, robigo, rust: compare French rubigineux.

(botany, archaic) Having the appearance or colour of iron rust; rusty-looking.


pentaphyllous

(botany, archaic) Having five leaves or leaflets.


vespertinal

(botany, zoology) Opening or active in the evening.


homochromous

(botany) Having all the florets in the same flower head of the same colour.


semiflosculous

(obsolete, botany) Having all the florets ligulate, as in the dandelion.


petaliferous

petaliferous (comparative more petaliferous, superlative most petaliferous)

more petaliferous (comparative)
most petaliferous (superlative)

petaliferous flowers


rosulate

rosulate (comparative more rosulate, superlative most rosulate)

more rosulate (comparative)
most rosulate (superlative)

New Latin rosulatus, from rosa (“a rose”).

It appears to claim a very close relationship to the preceding species, differing chiefly in the tiny leaves being rather more rosulate than caudiculate, and in not being adpressed, but rather the reverse; its petals, also, are narrower.

1874, The Garden: An Illustrated Weekly Journal of Gardening in All Its Branches, volume 5, page 326:

In young plants, the leaves are often more or less arranged in four vertical ranks, but become more rosulate with age.

1950, Gilbert Westacott Reynolds, The Aloes of South Africa, page 494:

[…]differs from the typical form in having smaller, shorter more rosulate milky-green leaves, shorter sheaths, greenish-yellow buds, straighter flowers and narrower more or less unicoloured yellowish racemes.

1971, Hans Bornman, David S. Hardy, Aloes of the South African Veld, page 199:

(botany, of leaves and bracts) Arranged in small rose-like clusters.


infraaxillary

an infraaxillary bud


salsuginous

From Latin salsugo, salsuginis (“saltness”), from salsus (“salted, salt”). Compare French salsugineux.

(botany, archaic) Growing in brackish places or in salt marshes.


monocephalous

From Ancient Greek μονοκέφαλος (monoképhalos). By surface analysis, mono- + -cephalous.

der

monocephalous branches

(botany) Having a single head; said of unbranched composite plants.


apogeotropism

As soon as the faintest ray of light reaches a seedling, heliotropism will guide it through any crack in the soil, or through an entangled mass of overlying vegetation; for apogeotropism by itself can direct the seedling only blindly upwards.

1880 November 6, Charles Darwin, Francis Darwin, chapter XII, in The Power of Movement in Plants, page 555:

(botany) An apogeotropic tendency; the tendency to bend away from the ground.


calcarate

calcarate auricle

calcarate corolla

calcarate petal

calcarate nectary

(botany, zoology) Having a spur; spurred.


prangos

From the native name in the vicinity of Tibet, northern India, or Pakistan.

(botany) Any of the genus Prangos of umbelliferous plants.


rectiserial

(archaic, botany) Arranged in exactly vertical ranks, as leaves on stems.


thecasporous

thecasporous fungi

thecasporous fruit

(botany, archaic) Having the spores in thecae, or cases.


rostellum

en-noun

rostellum (plural rostella or rostellums)

From Latin, diminutive of rostrum (“beak”).

1922, John Christopher Willis, "Orchidacea", entry in A Manual and Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns, page 471,
The rostellum has an outer firm pouch, inside which is the viscid substance to which are firmly attached the caudicles of the pollinia. An insect entering the fl. probes the spur of the labellum and its back comes into contact with the rostellum and depresses the pouch, causing the viscid substance to adhere to the insect.

In many orchids there is a discrete "viscidium," or sticky pad, formed by the rostellum.

1993, Robert L. Dressler, Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family, page 45:

2005, Orchids of Manitoba: A Field Guide, Native Orchid Conservation Inc., page 20,
The third stigma is sterile and has developed into the rostellum, a sticky structure that aids in pollination by attaching the pollen to insects.

(botany) A projecting part of the column in the flower of an orchid that separates the male stamen from the female gynoecium.


epipetalous

(botany) Borne on the petals or corolla.


caprifoliaceous

From translingual Caprifoliaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Caprifoliaceae family of honeysuckles.


eupatorium

(botany) Any of the genus Eupatorium of perennial herbs.


pseudocyphella

(lichenology) A structure in lichens that appears as a tiny pore on the outer surface, caused when there is a break in the cortex of the lichen and the medullary hyphae extend to the surface.


corymbose

en-adj

corymbose (comparative more corymbose, superlative most corymbose)

more corymbose (comparative)
most corymbose (superlative)

(botany) Consisting of, or resembling, corymbs.


folious

folious (comparative more folious, superlative most folious)

more folious (comparative)
most folious (superlative)


clypeate

clypeate (comparative more clypeate, superlative most clypeate)

more clypeate (comparative)
most clypeate (superlative)

From Latin clupeatus, past participle of clupeare (“to arm with a shield”), from clupeus, clipeus (“shield”).

(botany) Shaped like a round buckler or shield; scutate.


forcipate

(botany, zoology) Having a forceps-like structure.


lineolate

lineolate (comparative more lineolate, superlative most lineolate)

more lineolate (comparative)
most lineolate (superlative)

From Latin lineola, diminutive of linea (“line”).

(botany) Marked longitudinally with fine lines


pseudospore

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudospore.wav

(botany) A reproductive cell found in some fungi.


pentafid

pentafid calyx

pentafid hairs

pentafid leaves

(botany) Divided or split into five parts.


anthography

en-noun

anthography (usually uncountable, plural anthographies)

(botany) The branch of botany that deals with the description of flowers.


pentacoccous

a pentacoccous fruit

(botany) Composed of five united carpels with one seed in each.


staminiferous

but see Staubblätter tragend/habend/besitzend/... (nur)


gonimous

(lichenology, archaic) Pertaining to, or containing, gonidia or gonimia, as that part of a lichen which contains the green or chlorophyll-bearing cells.


piperaceous

(botany) Of or pertaining to the order of plants, Piperaceae, of which the pepper is the type.


biacuminate

biacuminate lobe

biacuminate ligula

biacuminate spindle

(botany) Having points in two directions.


Alpestrine

(botany) Growing on the elevated parts of mountains, but not above the tree-line; subalpine.


cystolith

(botany) A concretion of mineral matter within a leaf or other part of a plant.


decompound

decompound leaf/stem

(botany) Several times compounded or divided


corollaceous

en-adj

corollaceous (comparative more corollaceous, superlative most corollaceous)

more corollaceous (comparative)
most corollaceous (superlative)

corollaceous calyx

corollaceous whorl

(botany) Pertaining to, or resembling, a corolla.


schisandra

(botany) A magnolia vine (genus Schisandra).


comose

comose (comparative more comose, superlative most comose)

more comose (comparative)
most comose (superlative)

The seeds of milkweed are comose.

(botany) Bearing a tuft of soft hairs or down.


recurvate

recurvate (comparative more recurvate, superlative most recurvate)

more recurvate (comparative)
most recurvate (superlative)

/ɹɪˈkɜː(ɹ)vət/


glabrate

glabrate (comparative more glabrate, superlative most glabrate)

more glabrate (comparative)
most glabrate (superlative)


spathous

spathous (comparative more spathous, superlative most spathous)

more spathous (comparative)
most spathous (superlative)


melastomaceous

(botany, dated, relational) Of or relating to the order of which Melastoma is the type.


pentaspermous

(botany, archaic) Containing or bearing five seeds.


monocotyl

(botany, dated) monocotyledon (any monocotyledonous plant).


soboliferous

soboliferous palm

soboliferous plant


endochrome

en-noun

endochrome (countable and uncountable, plural endochromes)

Endochrome is not always green, but may for example be red or yellow.

(botany) Any colouring matter within the cells of plants.


quiname

(botany, of leaves) Composed of five leaflets growing from the end of a petiole


glomerule

(botany) A head or dense cluster of flowers, formed by condensation of a cyme, as in the flowering dogwood.


erectopatent

(botany) Having a position intermediate between erect and patent, or spreading.


lilywort

Grains mussel-shaped. In the Bulbs of the larger Lilyworts , as in Fritillaria , Lilium.

(botany) Any plant of the lily family or order.


nidulant

Latin nidulans, p.pr.: compare French nidulant.

nidulant seeds

(botany) Lying loose in pulp or cotton within a berry or pericarp.


tripetalous

From tri- + petalous: compare French tripétale.


androphore

(botany) A support or column on which stamens are raised


multipunctate

(botany) Having many spots, points or punctures


endogen

From endo- + -gen: compare French endogène.

The endogens constitute one of the great primary classes of plants, and include all palms, true lilies, grasses, rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc.

(botany) A plant which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads, irregularly distributed throughout the whole diameter, not forming annual layers, and with no distinct pith.


lirella

(botany) A linear apothecium furrowed along the middle; the fruit of certain lichens.


rhizine

(botany, lichenology) A rootlike filament or hair growing from the stems of mosses or on lichens; a rhizoid


calycine

en-adj

calycine (comparative more calycine, superlative most calycine)

more calycine (comparative)
most calycine (superlative)

(botany) Resembling or relating to a calyx.


didynamous

From di- + Ancient Greek δύναμις (dúnamis, “strength”) + -ous.

af

(botany) containing four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.


petiolated

a petiolated leaf

the petiolated abdomen of certain Hymenoptera


coenobium

en-noun

coenobium (plural coenobiums or coenobia)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin coenobium (“cloister, convent; monastery”), from Koine Greek κοινόβιον (koinóbion, “life in community; monastery”), the neuter form of κοινόβιος (koinóbios, “communal living”), from Ancient Greek κοινός (koinós, “common, shared”) + βίος (bíos, “life”). Doublet of coenoby.
The plural form coenobia is borrowed from Late Latin coenobia.

der

Comfrey fruit is a coenobium consisting not of two (in carpel number) but four monospermous eremes. Eremes are not opened and seed not released from pericarp falls from the plant.

2009, N. M. Nayda, “Seed Productivity in Symphytum L. (Boraginaceae)”, in T. B. Batygina, editor, Embryology of Flowering Plants: Terminology and Concepts, volume 3 (Reproductive Systems), Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, part 3 (Seed Propagation), page 195:

(botany) A fruit of a plant from either of the families Boraginaceae (the borages) or Lamiaceae which has small loculi or compartments, reminiscent of the cells in a convent or monastery.

lohkohedelmä

fruit of a plant from either of the families Boraginaceae or Lamiaceae which has many small loculi or compartments

[…] M. [Louis-Félix] Henneguy finds four kinds of these colonies, which he calls cœnobiums: […] At the moment of fecundation the bundles of antherozoids are set at liberty by the dissolution of the antheridia wall; they move quickly through the water, and fix themselves on the female cœnobiums, and then separate to fecundate the oospheres, but the author was not able to observe the exact moment of their penetration.

1877 January 1, “New Books, with Short Notices. [The Different Sexuality of Volvox globator and V. minor.]”, in Henry Lawson, editor, The Monthly Microscopical Journal: Transactions of the Royal Microscopical Society, and Record of Histological Research at Home and Abroad, volume XVII, London: Hardwicke and Bogue, […], →OCLC, page 35:

This group includes two genera, Volvox and Eudorina, which resemble Pandorina in many respects, and were formerly included with it in one group. Like Pandorina, these plants are motile, and consist of a number of ciliated cells aggregated into a cœnobium. […] The distinction between these plants and Pandorina is that in them certain cells of the cœnobium develops into antheridia and oogonia.

1882, Julius Sachs, “Group I. Thallophytes.”, in Sydney H[oward] Vines, editor, Text-book of Botany: Morphological and Physiological, 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, class III (Oosporeæ), page 278:

Genus, PEDIASTRUM, Meyen. Cells united into definite families, known as coenobiums; they are plane, discoid or stellate, swimming free. A coenobium is formed of cells in a single or rarely, in part, double stratum, which is continuous or perforated.

1892, Francis Wolle, “Family, PROTOCOCCACEÆ”, in Desmids of the United States and List of American Pediastrums […], new edition, Bethlehem, Pa.: Moravian Publication Office, →OCLC, page 168:

The study of ecological conditions under which the seasonal dynamics of meadow vegetation develops is one of [the] main parameters in exact studies of phytocenotic structure and the ecology of basic coenobiums.

1971, J. Danon, S. Stojanović, Ž. Blaženčić, “Comparative Studies of the Effect of Ecological Conditions of Microhabitat on the Structure of the Phytocenosis: Trifolieto-Alopecuretum pratensis”, in Vojislav Pavasović, transl., edited by Siniša Stanković and Paul Pignon, Archiv Bioloških Nauka [Archives of Biological Sciences], volume 23, numbers 3–4, Belgrade, Yugoslavia: Srpsko Biološko Društvo, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 52:

(botany) A colony of algae which acts as a single organism; a coenobe.


hyponastic

en-adj

hyponastic (comparative more hyponastic, superlative most hyponastic)

more hyponastic (comparative)
most hyponastic (superlative)

From hypo- + Ancient Greek ναστός (nastós, “pressed close”), from νάσσω (nássō).

der

(botany) Exhibiting a downward convexity caused by unequal growth.


rhizocarpous

(botany) Having perennial rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; said of all perennial herbs.


monotocous

From Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos) + τόκος (tókos).

(botany) Bearing fruit only once; monocarpic.


frondescence

Borrowed from New Latin frondescentia, from frondescens, from Latin frondescō.

(botany) The time at which a plant unfolds its leaves.


propagulum

(botany) A runner terminated by a germinating bud.


tripinnatifid

(botany) Thrice pinnately cleft; said of a pinnatifid leaf when its segments are pinnatifid, and the subdivisions of these also are pinnatifid.


imphee

en-noun

imphee (countable and uncountable, plural imphees)

Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolor#Translingual

(botany) African sugar cane (Sorghum bicolor, syn. Holcus saccharatus and Andropogon saccharatus).


antheriferous

/ænθəˈɹɪfəɹəs/

(botany) Supporting anthers, as a part of a flower.


pachyphyllous

en-adj

pachyphyllous (comparative more pachyphyllous, superlative most pachyphyllous)

more pachyphyllous (comparative)
most pachyphyllous (superlative)


pluripartite

pluripartite (comparative more pluripartite, superlative most pluripartite)

more pluripartite (comparative)
most pluripartite (superlative)

(botany) Deeply divided into several portions.


lignose

en-noun

lignose (usually uncountable, plural lignoses)


palmaceous

en-adj

palmaceous (comparative more palmaceous, superlative most palmaceous)

more palmaceous (comparative)
most palmaceous (superlative)

palmaceous tribe

(botany, dated) Of or pertaining to palms; of the nature of, or resembling, palms.


monopyrenous

monopyrenous drupe

(archaic, botany) Having a single stone or kernel.


ascigerous

ascigerous (comparative more ascigerous, superlative most ascigerous)

more ascigerous (comparative)
most ascigerous (superlative)

/æˈsɪd͡ʒəɹəs/

Perithecium closed , perforated by an orifice , filled by an ascigerous somewhat deliquescent nucleus

1828, John Claudius Loudon, An Encyclopaedia of Plants:


hirtellous

hirtellous (comparative more hirtellous, superlative most hirtellous)

more hirtellous (comparative)
most hirtellous (superlative)

Diminutive from Latin hirtus (“hairy”), with -ous.


radiatiform

(botany) Having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower


bursiculate

bursiculate (comparative more bursiculate, superlative most bursiculate)

more bursiculate (comparative)
most bursiculate (superlative)


coelospermous

(botany) Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the seedlike carpels incurved at the ends, as in coriander seed.


trispermous

a trispermous capsule or fruit


florification

en-noun

florification (usually uncountable, plural florifications)

From Latin flos, floris (“flower”) + facere (“to make”).


pseudomonocotyledonous

The live oak and the horse-chestnut are pseudomonocotyledonous.

(botany) Having two coalescent cotyledons.


sepalous

(botany) Having, or relating to, sepals.


fulcrate

(botany) Propped; supported by accessory organs


sepaloid

en-adj

sepaloid (comparative more sepaloid, superlative most sepaloid)

more sepaloid (comparative)
most sepaloid (superlative)


trigonous

trigonous stems


dipyrenous

(botany) Containing two stones or nutlets.


cladus

From a New Latin form of Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos, “branch”). Doublet of clade.

(botany) A branch of a ramose spicule, which collectively form the cladome.


scutelliform

scutelliform (comparative more scutelliform, superlative most scutelliform)

more scutelliform (comparative)
most scutelliform (superlative)

(botany) Having the form of a scutellum.


cremocarp

(botany) The fruit of fennel, carrot, parsnip, etc., consisting of a pair of carpels pendent from a supporting axis.


dermatogen

/dɜːˈmætədʒɪn/

(botany) Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a forming condition.


sporid

Further North, where it [sc. rust] first attacks the barberry its primary form and color is a yellow cup-cell, which matures and sends out spores which attack the wheat by penetrating into its tissue, as the sporid did the brier, and produce the red, globular cell.

1884, John W. Glenn, Report of the experimental and other work done at […] the School of Agriculture, Horticulture and Botany, University of Tennessee during the Years 1883 and 1884, page 63:

357. […] Somewhat later in the season the same parasitic filaments which have been producing Red-rust spores begin to produce lines or spots of dark-colored, thick-walled, two-celled bodies (teleutospores), the so-called spores of the Black-rust […] Being thick-walled, they endure the winter without injury, and when spring comes […] they germinate on the rotting straw and produce several minute spores, called sporids. This is the fourth and last stage of the rust. The sporids fall upon Barberry-leaves and germinate […] giving rise to cluster-cups again.

1886, Charles E. Bessey, The Essentials of Botany, page 172:

As the sporids originating from Micrococcus of sheep-pox develop, according to Hallier, in the air to a Cladosporium […]

1875, E. Klein, “Research on the Smallpox of Sheep”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, volume 165, page 220:


sexualist

But if this is at all an argument, it is one from which the sexualist has but little to fear; as in the case of slips and layers there is in fact no production of a new individual, but merely a prolongation of the old; or at best a multiplication by means of division, as in the case of the Polypi: and although plants are capable of being multiplied in this manner, it is no proof that they may not be propagated by means of sexual intercourse also.

1816, Patrick Keith, A System of Physiological Botany - Volume 2, page 341:

Both the asexualist Spallanzini and the sexualist Erasmus Darwin cited Koelreuter, and the German botanist Johann Hedwig, the first to describe male and female reproductive structures in nonseed plants (cryptogams), declared in 1798 that Koelreuter had demonstrated “beyond all doubt" that "propagation by sexual union takes place in the plant world also."

2017, Lincoln Taiz, Lee Taiz, Flora Unveiled: The Discovery and Denial of Sex in Plants, page 420:

It was the sexualists who successfully freed their minds from such cultural biases and glimpsed the true sexual nature of plants. The sexualists went on to demonstrate the presence of both the sexual and asexual generations in the life cycles of all plants, as revealed by Hofmeister's great synthesis, thus enabling the asexualists to share in the ultimate solution to the puzzle.

2020, Felicia McCarren, One Dead at the Paris Opera Ballet: La Source 1866-2014, page 70:

(botany) One who believes that plants reproduce by sexual reproduction, especially one who accepts the sexual classification method of Linnaeus.


ascidium

From New Latin ascidium, from Ancient Greek ἀσκίδιον (askídion), from ἀσκός (askós, “leather bag”) + -ιδιον (-idion, “diminutive ending”).

(botany) A pitcher-shaped or flask-shaped organ or appendage of a plant.


amentiferous

/æmənˈtɪfəɹəs/

Amentiferous forms, such as Myrica, Betula, Alnus

1872, John Hutton Balfour, Introduction to Palaeontological Botany:


rhizotaxis

(botany) The arrangement of the roots of plants.


basifugal

a basifugal growth

(botany) Tending or proceeding away from the base.


pistilliferous

pistilliferous (comparative more pistilliferous, superlative most pistilliferous)

more pistilliferous (comparative)
most pistilliferous (superlative)

From pistil + -i- + -ferous; compare French pistillifère.


septicidal

From septum + Latin caedere (“to cut”). Compare French septicide.

(botany) Exhibiting or relating to a method of dehiscence in which a pod splits through the partitions and is divided into its component carpels.


heterocephalous

(botany) Bearing two kinds of head or capitula; said of certain composite plants.


strigillose

strigillose (comparative more strigillose, superlative most strigillose)

more strigillose (comparative)
most strigillose (superlative)

(botany) Set with stiff, slender bristles.


rostellate

(botany) Having a rostellum, or small beak; terminating in a beak.


phyllodium

From New Latin phyllōdium, from Ancient Greek φυλλώδης (phullṓdēs, “leaflike”).


palmatilobed

Latin palmatus (“palmate”) + English lobed.

(botany) Palmate, with the divisions separated less than halfway to the common centre.


ensate

en-adj

ensate (comparative more ensate, superlative most ensate)

more ensate (comparative)
most ensate (superlative)

From New Latin ensatus, from Latin ensis (“sword”).

(botany, zoology) Having sword-shaped leaves or appendages.


lirelliform

lirelliform (comparative more lirelliform, superlative most lirelliform)

more lirelliform (comparative)
most lirelliform (superlative)


induplicative

From induplicate + -ive; compare duplicative.

(botany) Having induplicate sepals or petals in aestivation.

(botany) Having induplicate leaves in vernation.


multisiliquous

multisiliquous (comparative more multisiliquous, superlative most multisiliquous)

more multisiliquous (comparative)
most multisiliquous (superlative)

(botany, archaic) Having many pods or seed vessels.


epipetric

Many ferns are epipetric, including the spleenworts.


pinnatilobate

(botany) Having lobes arranged in a pinnate manner.


anisomerous

Tamarix flowers are anisomerous ( a flower having an unequal number of petals, stamens , or other floral parts). It is possible to find in one raceme anisomerous flowers with different numbers of sepals, petals, stamens, and so on, without any numerical correlation between the organs.

2019, Amram Eshel, Chingiz Alekperov, Dafna Langgut, and Israel Oren, “Pollen Morphology of the Genus Tamarix in Israel”, in Bilquees Gul, Benno Böer, M. Ajmal Khan, editor, Sabkha Ecosystems: Volume VI: Asia/Pacific, page 468:

Fertile stamens anisomerous or twice or thrice the number of the petals

2024, Joseph Dalton Hooker, The Flora of British India: Vol. I, page 573:

A plant with four petals and six stamens is anisomerous.

(botany) Having the number of floral organs unequal.


siliculose

siliculose (comparative more siliculose, superlative most siliculose)

more siliculose (comparative)
most siliculose (superlative)

(botany) Relating to, or resembling, silicles.


petiolulate

From petiolule + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).


culmiferous

en-adj

culmiferous (comparative more culmiferous, superlative most culmiferous)

more culmiferous (comparative)
most culmiferous (superlative)

culmiferous plant


zoogonous

(botany, of seeds or fruit) That sprout before they fall


cycadaceous

cycadaceous (comparative more cycadaceous, superlative most cycadaceous)

more cycadaceous (comparative)
most cycadaceous (superlative)

The sago palm is a cycadaceous plant.

After a few hundred yards of thick forest, containing many trees which were quite unknown to me, but which Summerlee, who was the botanist of the party, recognized as forms of conifera and of cycadaceous plants which have long passed away in the world below, we entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

(botany, relational) Relating to, or resembling, the Cycadaceae, a family of plants like the palms but with exogenous wood.


panicled

(botany, archaic) Furnished with, or arranged in, panicles; paniculate.


plurifoliolate

plurifoliolate (comparative more plurifoliolate, superlative most plurifoliolate)

more plurifoliolate (comparative)
most plurifoliolate (superlative)


anthophore

(botany) The stipe when developed into an internode between calyx and corolla, as in the pink family.

antóforo

the stipe when developed into an internode between calyx and corolla


calycular

calycular (comparative more calycular, superlative most calycular)

more calycular (comparative)
most calycular (superlative)

calycular bract

calycular cavity

(botany) Pertaining to, or resembling, a calycle or its bracts.


podosperm

From podo- + Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”). Compare French podosperme.


glandulation

[…]their placentation , rooting , branching , intorsion , budding , leafing , stipulation , pubescence , glandulation , lactescence , florescence , & c .

1793, Thomas Martyn, The Language of Botany:

Glandulation respects the secretory vessels, which are either glandules, follicles, or utricles.

1806, James Lee, An Introduction to Botany:

(botany) The situation and structure of the secretory vessels in plants.


amentiform

amentiform (comparative more amentiform, superlative most amentiform)

more amentiform (comparative)
most amentiform (superlative)

The inflorescence in these associated genera is in (catkins, or) amentiform regimes.

1835, Gilbert Thomas Burnett, Outlines of Botany, page 396:

Data-Palms (Coryphaceae). Trees; leaves clustered, terminal' infolorescence not in amentiform racemes; stamens hypogynous or perigynous, 6-9-12;

1854, Arthur Adams, A Manual of Natural History for the Use of Travellers, page 513:


libriform

libriform (comparative more libriform, superlative most libriform)

more libriform (comparative)
most libriform (superlative)

The unseptate fibres, the true libriform cells, are only sparingly pitted, except in a few species like Oleander, where they are pitted on both the radial and tangential walls

1885, George Lincoln Goodale, Physiological Botany:

(botany) Resembling or having the form of liber, or bast


inadherent

an inadherent intestine

(botany, anatomy) Free; not connected with the other organs.


intorsion

From Latin intortio (“a curling, crisping”). Compare French intorsion. See intort, and compare intortion.

(botany) The bending or twining of any part of a plant toward one side or the other, or in any direction from the vertical.


anemophily

From anemo- (“wind”) + -phily (“liking for”).

(botany) A form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind.


arcuation

en-noun

arcuation (countable and uncountable, plural arcuations)

flowering Shrubs, which are propagated or raised by Arcuation, or laying

(botany) A method of propagating trees by bending branches to the ground and covering the small shoots with earth; layering.


deoperculate

(botany) Having the lid removed; said of the capsules of mosses.


repullulation

repullulation (countable and uncountable, plural repullulations)

(botany) A second or subsequent budding.


eryngium

(botany) Any of the genus Eryngium of umbelliferous plants resembling thistles.


vimineous

en-adj

vimineous (comparative more vimineous, superlative most vimineous)

more vimineous (comparative)
most vimineous (superlative)

From Latin vimineus, from vimen (“pliant twig”).

(botany) Producing long, slender shoots or twigs.


incanous

incanous (comparative more incanous, superlative most incanous)

more incanous (comparative)
most incanous (superlative)

From Latin incanus, from in- (“in”) + canus (“hoary”).

(botany, dated) Hoary with a white pubescence.


aristulate

aristulate (comparative more aristulate, superlative most aristulate)

more aristulate (comparative)
most aristulate (superlative)


pulveraceous

pulveraceous (comparative more pulveraceous, superlative most pulveraceous)

more pulveraceous (comparative)
most pulveraceous (superlative)


endopleura

(botany, archaic) tegmen (inner coating of a seed)


spermophyte

From Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”) + -phyte (“plant”).

(botany) Alternative form of spermatophyte


parapetalous

parapetalous multiplication

parapetalous stamens

parapetalous staminodes

(botany) Growing, or occurring, by the side of a petal.


calycle

From Latin calyculus (“small flower bud, calyx”), diminutive of calyx. See calyx and compare calicle.

uder

(botany) A row of small bracts at the base of the calyx, on the outside.


mesophyllum

See meso- (“middle”) and phyllo- (“leaf”).

(botany) The parenchyma of a leaf between the skin of the two surfaces


teleutospore

From Ancient Greek τελευτή (teleutḗ, “end”) + spore.

(botany) The thick-celled winter or resting spore of the rusts (order Uredinales), produced in late summer.


induviate

en-adj

induviate (comparative more induviate, superlative most induviate)

more induviate (comparative)
most induviate (superlative)

The upper part of the trunk of a palm tree is induviate.


ananthous

From Ancient Greek ἀνανθής (ananthḗs, “flowerless”). By surface analysis, an- + -anthous.

der

(archaic, botany) Destitute of flowers; flowerless, nonflowering


albication

(chiefly botany) The process of becoming white, or developing white patches or streaks, generally as a crop disease.


turion

(botany) A bud, produced by some aquatic plants, that becomes detached and dormant until the following spring


glossology

en-noun

glossology (countable and uncountable, plural glossologies)

/ɡlɔˈsɑləd͡ʒi/

From Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “tongue; language”) + -ology.

der

A plant in flower, surveyed externally, may be perceived to be composed of a variety of obvious parts, such as the root, the stem, the branch, the leaf, the flower, the fruit, and perhaps the seed; and other parts less obvious, as buds, prickles, tendils, hairs, glands, &c. These, with their modifications, and all the relative circumstances which enter into the botanical description of a plant, constitute the subject of glossology, the details of which, involving the definition of some hundreds of terms, are here omitted; because to those conversant to them it would be of little use, and those who have them still to learn will find it more convenient to have recourse to some elementary work, where most of them are illustrated by figures.

1824, J[ohn] C[laudius] Loudon, “Glossology, or the Names of the Parts of Plants”, in An Encyclopædia of Gardening; Comprising the Theory and Practice of Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboriculture, and Landscape-gardening, including All the Latest Improvements; a General History of Gardening in All Countries; and a Statistical View of Its Present State, with Suggestions for Its Future Progress, in the British Isles, 2nd enlarged edition, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC, page 122:

I beg leave to differ from you in printing the etymology of names that are from the Greek in English, and not in Greek letters. I think they would answer the end in view much better if they were in Greek characters; it would be far more conducive to a general knowledge of botanical glossology, and a greater stimulus to the student.

1827 August 17, J. P., “Art. VIII. Retrospective Criticism.”, in J[ohn] C[laudius] Loudon, editor, The Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Rural & Domestic Improvement, volume III, number 11, London: Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, Paternoster-Row, published January 1828, →OCLC, part III (Miscellaneous Intelligence), page 370:

In 1843 [Friedrich Traugott] Kützing published his "Phycologia Generalis", accompanied by eighty anatomical plates of unrivalled excellence and beauty. […] The chief excellencies of the book are its anatomical illustrations: its faults are, the needless alteration of established names; the introduction of unnecessary glossology; and the multiplication of Orders, genera, and species, many of them grouping together plants but little related, and others separating nearly allied species.

1852 July, William Henry Harvey, “Sub-class II. Rhodospermeæ, or Red Algæ”, in Nereis Boreali-Americana: Or, Contributions to a History of the Marine Algæ of North America (Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge; volume V, article 5), Washington, D.C.: Published by the Smithsonian Institution; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam & Co., published March 1853, →OCLC, pages 4–5:

Amongst the causes which have contributed to obscure this branch of Botany, we must especially allude to the prevalence of the habit indulged in by many authors of creating a special nomenclature without regard to that of their predecessors; the slightest structural modification is no sooner recognized than a new term is invented for it, so that the same organ has received several names; and, to add to the complication, the same name has been on several occasions applied to different organs. This redundant glossology which even [Carl] Linnæus termed a calamity ('Verbositas præsente seculo calamitas scientiæ') has always proved an obstacle to the progress of science.

1876, Emm[anuel] Le Maout, J[oseph] Decaisne, “Class III.—Acotyledons.”, in [Frances Harriet Henslow] Hooker, transl., edited by Jos[eph] D[alton] Hooker, A General System of Botany Descriptive and Analytical. In Two Parts. Part I.—Outlines of Organography, Anatomy, and Physiology. Part II.—Descriptions and Illustrations of the Orders, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, section XIV (Algæ, Jussieu, Agardh, Lamouroux, Kützing, &c.), page 983:


petaliform

en-adj

petaliform (comparative more petaliform, superlative most petaliform)

more petaliform (comparative)
most petaliform (superlative)


funiliform

funiliform (comparative more funiliform, superlative most funiliform)

more funiliform (comparative)
most funiliform (superlative)

funiliform petals

funiliform racemes

The roots of some endogenous trees are funiliform.


radicel

(botany) A small branch of a root; a rootlet.


multiradiate

multiradiate (comparative more multiradiate, superlative most multiradiate)

more multiradiate (comparative)
most multiradiate (superlative)


leucadendron

(botany) Any of the genus Leucadendron of evergreen shrubs or trees.


spathaceous

spathaceous (comparative more spathaceous, superlative most spathaceous)

more spathaceous (comparative)
most spathaceous (superlative)

(botany) Having or resembling a spathe; spathal.


cordaite

(botany) A plant belonging to Cordaites, an extinct genus of gymnosperms with long, strap-shaped leaves.


patellula

en-noun

patellula (plural patellulae or patellulæ)

(botany) A flat, disk-like structure found on some plants (especially bryophytes), algae, and fungi, often aiding in reproduction or attachment to substrates.


ascidiform

en-adj

ascidiform (comparative more ascidiform, superlative most ascidiform)

more ascidiform (comparative)
most ascidiform (superlative)

(zoology or botany) Shaped like an ascidian (sea squirt).


thecaphore

From theca + -phore. Compare French thécaphore.

(botany) A surface or organ bearing a theca, or covered with thecae.


eucalyptoid

eucalyptoid (comparative more eucalyptoid, superlative most eucalyptoid)

more eucalyptoid (comparative)
most eucalyptoid (superlative)

From eucalypt + -oid or eucalyptus + -oid.


eucalyptoid

(botany) A tree species that resembles a eucalypt.


sporidium

From New Latin sporidium, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá, “seed”) + -idium.

(botany) A secondary spore borne on a promycelium, or a filament produced from a spore, in certain kinds of minute fungi.


triternate

(botany) Three times ternate; applied to a leaf whose petiole separates into three branches, each of which divides into three parts which each bear three leaflets.


pedatifid

From pedate + -fid, from -fidus, from Latin findere (“to split”).

(botany, of leaves) Cleft in a pedate manner, but having the lobes distinctly connected at the base.


tripinnate

(botany) Having bipinnate leaflets arranged on each side of a rhachis.


osmundine

(botany) The roots of ferns of the genus Osmunda, used in growing orchids etc.


cymule

Borrowed from Latin cȳmula (“a tender sprout”), the diminutive form of cȳma, whence the English cyma and, ultimately, cyme.

(botany) A small cyme, or one with very few flowers.


adosculation

From Latin adosculari, adosculatum (“to kiss”). See osculate.

(biology, botany) impregnation by external contact, without intromission


brown rot

(phytopathology) A fungal disease of stone fruit such as peaches and nectarines, caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola


domesticant

(anthropology, zoology, botany) A domesticated animal or plant.


epipodium

From epi- (“on”) + -podium (“relating to a leg-like structure”).


proterandry

(botany) The condition of being proterandrous.


polyphyllous

a polyphyllous calyx or perianth

(botany) Having many leaves (or flowers)


campylotropous

en-adj

campylotropous (comparative more campylotropous, superlative most campylotropous)

more campylotropous (comparative)
most campylotropous (superlative)

campylotropous ovule

campylotropous seed

(botany) Having the ovules and seeds so curved, or bent down upon themselves, that the ends of the embryo are brought close together; curved in such a way.


circinal

circinal (comparative more circinal, superlative most circinal)

more circinal (comparative)
most circinal (superlative)

(botany) circinate; coiled from the apex towards the base


sapindaceous

(botany) Of or pertaining to the Sapindaceae, an order of trees and shrubs.


actinorhizal

(botany) Able to form a symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing actinobacteria


mitriform

mitriform (comparative more mitriform, superlative most mitriform)

more mitriform (comparative)
most mitriform (superlative)

(botany) Conical, and somewhat dilated at the base.


gyrose

gyrose (comparative more gyrose, superlative most gyrose)

more gyrose (comparative)
most gyrose (superlative)

/ˈd͡ʒaɪɹəʊs/

Colt's-foot gyrose

1828, John Claudius Loudon, An Encyclopaedia of Plants:

(botany) Turned round like a crook, or bent to and fro.


spermaphore

(botany) That part of the ovary from which the ovules arise; the placenta.


pinnulate

From pinnule + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

(botany) Having each pinna subdivided; said of a leaf, or of its pinnae.


xyris

(botany) Any member of the plant genus Xyris.


planipetalous

en-adj

planipetalous (comparative more planipetalous, superlative most planipetalous)

more planipetalous (comparative)
most planipetalous (superlative)


carpophyte

(botany) A flowerless plant which forms a true fruit as the result of fertilization.


subpedunculate

(botany, zoology) Supported on, or growing from, a very short stem; having a short peduncle.


resupination

(botany) The twisting of flowers or leaves by about 180° as they open.


crateriform

crateriform (comparative more crateriform, superlative most crateriform)

more crateriform (comparative)
most crateriform (superlative)

crateriform pit

crateriform structure

crateriform ulcer

a crateriform corolla

crateriform mountain

(botany) Having the form of a shallow bowl or crater


ditrichotomous

Ditrichotomous, divided in twos or threes

(botany) Dividing into double or treble ramifications; said of a leaf or stem.


petaloideous

(botany) Having some or all of the perianth petaline.


supervolute

supervolute (comparative more supervolute, superlative most supervolute)

more supervolute (comparative)
most supervolute (superlative)

From Latin supervolutus, past participle of supervolvere (“to roll over”), from super (“over”) + volvere (“to roll”).

(botany) Having a plaited and convolute arrangement in the bud, as in the morning glory.


metrosideros

(botany) Any of the genus Metrosideros of myrtaceous trees and shrubs, including many species called ironwood.


synangium

From New Latin, from syn- + Ancient Greek ἀγγεῖον (angeîon, “a vessel”).

der

(botany) The boat-shaped sorus of certain ferns.


phytolacca

From New Latin phytolacca, from Ancient Greek φῠτόν (phŭtón, “plant”) + Italian lacca (“crimson lake”).

Phytolacca or Pokeweed is a domestic Plant in Virginia and New York, grows in all their Plantations.

1801 May, Hester Lynch Piozzi, Thraliana, volume II,1:

(botany) Any of the genus Phytolacca of herbaceous plants; the poke or pokeweed.


radication

en-noun

radication (usually uncountable, plural radications)

From Middle English radicacyon, from Medieval Latin rādīcātio.

radication of plants

They had a due diffuſion of their roots on all or both ſides, vvhereby they maintained ſome proportion to their height, in Trees of large radication.

1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter IIII.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, pages 161–162:

I recollect no instance at this moment of an 1-locular anther except in Canna, and from its mode of insertion as well as the analogy of other scitamineous anthers, that seems to me rather half an anther, than a whole one: however, the radication, and stipulation fix Sowerbæa immovably near Dianella, as well as the country it comes from

1806, Richard Salisbury, The Paradisus Londinensis, volume 1, part 2, section 98:

(botany) The disposition of the roots of a plant.


curviserial

en-adj

curviserial (comparative more curviserial, superlative most curviserial)

more curviserial (comparative)
most curviserial (superlative)

(botany) Distributed in a curved line, as leaves along a stem.


trabeculate

From trabecula + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

The ducts in a banana stem are trabeculate.

(botany) Having trabeculae; crossbarred.


endostome

(botany) The foramen or passage through the inner integument of an ovule.


placentiferous

(botany, zoology, archaic) Having or producing a placenta.


xanthorrhoea

Borrowed from translingual Xanthorrhoea.

(botany) Any of the genus Xanthorrhoea of grass trees.


phyllodineous

en-adj

phyllodineous (comparative more phyllodineous, superlative most phyllodineous)

more phyllodineous (comparative)
most phyllodineous (superlative)

(botany) Having or relating to phyllodia.


heteracanth

From hetero- + Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “spine”).

(botany) Having spines of different sizes.


sebiferous

sebiferous (comparative more sebiferous, superlative most sebiferous)

more sebiferous (comparative)
most sebiferous (superlative)


parnassia

(botany) Any of the genus Parnassia of herbaceous dicots.


pileorhiza

From Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “cap”) + ῥίζα (rhíza, “root”).

(botany, archaic) A cap of cells covering the growing extremity of a root; a rootcap.


adesmy

From a- + Ancient Greek δεσμός (desmós, “bonds”) + -y.

(botany) The division or defective coherence of an organ that is usually whole.


induplicate

(botany) Having the edges bent abruptly toward the axis; said of the parts of the calyx or corolla in aestivation.

(botany) Having the edges rolled inward and then arranged about the axis without overlapping; said of leaves in vernation.


spathal

spathal flowers

1855, William Howitt, Land, Labour and Gold; or, Two Years in Victoria:


coronule

From Latin coronula, diminutive of corona (“crown”). Equivalent to corona + -ule.

(botany) A coronet or little crown of a seed; the downy tuft on seeds.


semidouble

(botany, of a flower) Having the outermost stamens converted into petals, while the inner ones remain perfect.


glochidium

From Ancient Greek γλωχίς (glōkhís, “barb of an arrow”) + -idium.


lyonia

(botany) Any of the genus Lyonia of staggerbushes.


stenophyllous

en-adj

stenophyllous (comparative more stenophyllous, superlative most stenophyllous)

more stenophyllous (comparative)
most stenophyllous (superlative)


calyciform

calyciform (comparative more calyciform, superlative most calyciform)

more calyciform (comparative)
most calyciform (superlative)

From Latin calyx, calycis (“calyx”) + -form.

calyciform cell

calyciform nerve endings

calyciform papilla

(botany) Having the form or appearance of a calyx.


intervenous

intervenous yellowing in leaves


exostema

(botany) Any of the flowering plant genus Exostema.


biforine

From Latin biforis, biforus (“having two doors”), from bis (“twice”) + foris (“door”).

The true biforines when separated from the other tissues in water, rapidly discharge the crystals from one or both ends of the cells, and often with such force as to drive the cells backwards like a rocket[…]

1871, The American Naturalist: Volume 5, page 336:

(botany) An oval sac or cell, found in the leaves of certain araceous plants, with an opening at each end through which raphides, generated inside, are discharged.


nyctaginaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Nyctaginaceae of flowering plants.


pisonia

From translingual Pisonia, from New Latin, from the Latin form of Willem Pies, a Dutch doctor and naturalist, + -nia.

(botany) Any of the genus Pisonia of nyctaginaceous flowering plants.


exannulate

(botany) Having the sporangium destitute of a ring; said of certain genera of ferns.


orchidean

orchidean order


verbenaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Verbenaceae of mainly tropical flowering plants.


favose

favose (comparative more favose, superlative most favose)

more favose (comparative)
most favose (superlative)


induviae

From Latin induviae (“clothes”), from induō (“I put on”). See indue.

(botany) persistent portions of a calyx or corolla

(botany) leaves which do not disarticulate from the stem, and hence remain for a long time


sexlocular

From sex- + locular: compare French sexloculaire.

a sexlocular pericarp

(obsolete, botany) Having six cells for seeds.


stylopodium

(botany) An expansion at the base of the style, as in umbelliferous plants.


pappiform

pappiform (comparative more pappiform, superlative most pappiform)

more pappiform (comparative)
most pappiform (superlative)

a pappiform calyx

(botany) Resembling the pappus of composite plants.


lithospermum

(botany) Any plant of the genus Lithospermum.


capillament

From Latin capillamentum, from capillus (“hair”). Compare French capillament.


lactescence

en-noun

lactescence (countable and uncountable, plural lactescences)


squarrulose

(botany) Somewhat squarrose; slightly squarrose.


scyphiform

en-adj

scyphiform (comparative more scyphiform, superlative most scyphiform)

more scyphiform (comparative)
most scyphiform (superlative)


periclinium

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek "around" + "a bed".

(botany) The involucre that surrounds the common receptacle in composite flowers.


pistillidium

From New Latin pistillidium, from Latin pistillum (“pestle”) + -idium.


paleaceous

paleaceous (comparative more paleaceous, superlative most paleaceous)

more paleaceous (comparative)
most paleaceous (superlative)

a paleaceous receptacle

(archaic, botany) chaffy; resembling or consisting of paleae, or chaff


oboval

oboval (comparative more oboval, superlative most oboval)

more oboval (comparative)
most oboval (superlative)


trichogyne

French, from Ancient Greek θρίξ (thríx, “hair”) + γυνή (gunḗ, “female”)

Ascodesmis is a third type which might be derived either directly or through the erysiphaceous type from an endomycetous ancestor; the antheridium and oogonium are but little differentiated, but the latter is furnished with a trichogyne and becomes septate after fertilization; the ascogenous hyphae are few and the sheath simple.

2010, Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, Fungi: Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales, page 54:

(botany, mycology) The slender, hair-like cell which receives the fertilizing particles, or antherozoids, in red seaweeds and fungi.


sepaline

sepaline (comparative more sepaline, superlative most sepaline)

more sepaline (comparative)
most sepaline (superlative)

(botany) Relating to, or having the nature of, sepals.


guttiferous

From guttifer + -ous, from New Latin guttifera (“gum-bearing plant”), from Latin gutta (“drop”).

der

(botany) Yielding gum or resinous substances.

(botany) Relating to a natural grouping of trees and shrubs (family Guttiferae, now Clusiaceae) that abound in resinous sap.


cassideous

en-adj

cassideous (comparative more cassideous, superlative most cassideous)

more cassideous (comparative)
most cassideous (superlative)

(botany) Shaped like a helmet; applied to a corolla with a broad, helmet-shaped upper petal, as in aconite.


decemfid

From Latin decemfidus, from decem (“ten”) + -fidus, from findere (“to split”).


chromoplastid

(botany) A protoplasmic granule of some other colour than green.


catapetalous

1962 (posthumously published) Mark Twain, A Cat Tale in Letters from the Earth
[…] ever and anon the enchanted eye wandered from congeries of lordly cat-tails and kindred catapetalous blooms too deep for utterance […]

(botany) Having the petals held together by stamens, which grow to their bases, as in the mallow.


cephalanthium

From cephalo- + Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos) + -ium.


cynarrhodium

From Ancient Greek κυνόροδον (kunórodon), from κύων (kúōn) + ῥόδον (rhódon).

(botany) A fruit like that of the rose, consisting of a cup formed of the calyx tube and receptacle, and containing achenes.


stipitiform

en-adj

stipitiform (comparative more stipitiform, superlative most stipitiform)

more stipitiform (comparative)
most stipitiform (superlative)

stipitiform base

stipitiform lemma


subaxillary

(botany) Placed under the axil, or angle formed by the branch of a plant with the stem, or a leaf with the branch.


sporangiophore

The cones of Equisetum are sporangiophores.

(botany) A receptacle in ferns which bears the sporangia, usually a stalk, but sometimes a scale (as in horsetails).


dumetose

dumetose (comparative more dumetose, superlative most dumetose)

more dumetose (comparative)
most dumetose (superlative)


fovilla

Diminutive from Latin fovere (“to cherish”).

(botany, archaic) One of the fine granules in the protoplasm of a pollen grain.


bignoniaceous

bignoniaceous (comparative more bignoniaceous, superlative most bignoniaceous)

more bignoniaceous (comparative)
most bignoniaceous (superlative)

(botany) Of or relating to the flowering plant family Bignoniaceae.


exserted

exserted (comparative more exserted, superlative most exserted)

more exserted (comparative)
most exserted (superlative)


proteranthous

/ˌpɹəʊtəɹˈænθəs/

/ˌproʊtəɹˈænθəs/

PIE word
 *h₂éndʰos
From protero- (prefix meaning ‘earliest, first’) + -anthous (suffix specifying appearance or behavior of a plant's flowers).

affix

Proteranthous (-us). Where flowering precedes leafing.

[1879, Asa Gray, Gray’s Botanical Text-book. Vol. I. Structural Botany or Organography on the Basis of Morphology. […], 6th edition, New York, N.Y., Cincinnati, Oh.: American Book Company from the press of Ivison, Blakeman & Company, →OCLC, page 428, column 2:

The prevernal period begins with the first blooming after the period of rest, and lasts until the foliation of the proteranthous trees, altogether hardly more than two weeks.

1898, Roscoe Pound, Fredreric E[dward] Clements, “The Vegetation Forms of the Flora”, in The Phytogeography of Nebraska. 1. General Survey, 2nd edition, Lincoln, Neb.: […] [T]he [Botanical] Seminar [Botanical Survey of Nebraska, University of Nebraska], published 1900, →OCLC, page 143:

The heteranthous inflorescence is a development from the proteranthous condition in which the growth of the pseudobulb and leaves is deferred until after the flowering […]

1957, Richard E[ric] Holttum, H. B. Gilliland, A Revised Flora of Malaya: An Illustrated Systematic Account of the Malayan Flora, Including Commonly Cultivated Plants, 2nd edition, volume 1 (Orchids of Malaya), Singapore: Government Printing Office, →OCLC:

Of a plant: having flowers that appear earlier than the leaves.

joka kukkii ennen lehtien kasvamista

of a plant: having flowers that appear earlier than the leaves

Proteranthous; when leaves appear before the flowers.

[1836, Asa Gray, “Glossology”, in Elements of Botany, New York, N.Y.: G. & C. Carvill & Co., →OCLC, page 380:

In hysteranthous plants, the photosynthesis rate is very low from flower emergence until anthesis. […] In contrast, in proteranthous growth the foliage dies down before the flower is produced and photosynthesis takes place before flowering[…].

2012 July 16, Rina Kamenetsky, “Biodiversity of Geophytes: Phytogeography, Morphology, and Survival Strategies”, in Rina Kamenetsky, Hiroshi Okubo, editors, Ornamental Geophytes: From Basic Science to Sustainable Production, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 59:

Of a plant: having leaves that appear earlier than the flowers.

jonka lehdet kasvavat ennen kukkimista

of a plant: having leaves that appear earlier than the flowers


spiciform

en-adj

spiciform (comparative more spiciform, superlative most spiciform)

more spiciform (comparative)
most spiciform (superlative)

From Latin spica (“a spike, ear”) + -form.


exostome

(botany) The small aperture or foramen in the outer coat of the ovule of a plant.


stupose

stupose (comparative more stupose, superlative most stupose)

more stupose (comparative)
most stupose (superlative)

From Latin stupa, stuppa (“tow”). Compare stupeous.

(botany) Composed of, or having, tufted or matted filaments like tow; stupeous.


indutive

From Latin indutus, past participle of induere (“to put on”). See indue.

(botany, archaic) covered; applied to seeds which have the usual integumentary covering.


cernuous

Latin cernuus (“with the face turned toward the earth”).

uder

Walking up Redwood Avenue with its tunnel of cernuous willows.

2005, Zadie Smith, On Beauty, Penguin Books (2006), page 80:

(botany) Inclining or nodding downward; pendulous; drooping; said of a bud, flower, or fruit, or the capsule of a moss.


phyllome

(botany) A foliar part of a plant; any organ homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a leaf.


squamula

en-noun

squamula (plural squamulas or squamulae)

From Latin squamula, diminutive of squama (“a scale”).

(botany) One of the little hypogynous scales found in the flowers of grasses; a lodicule.


diageotropic

en-adj

diageotropic (comparative more diageotropic, superlative most diageotropic)

more diageotropic (comparative)
most diageotropic (superlative)

(botany) Relating to, or exhibiting, diageotropism.


diandrous

From di- + -androus. Compare French diandre.

(botany, obsolete) Of or pertaining to the obsolete class of plants Diandria, which had two stamens.


fiorin

en-noun

fiorin (usually uncountable, plural fiorins)

Compare Irish fiothran (“a sort of grass”).

Agrostis stolonifera
Agrostis stolonifera#Translingual

(botany) creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera).


gynodioecious

(botany) dioecious, but having some hermaphrodite or perfect flowers on an individual plant which bears mostly pistillate flowers


tartareous

en-adj

tartareous (comparative more tartareous, superlative most tartareous)

more tartareous (comparative)
most tartareous (superlative)

Many lichens are tartareous.

(botany) Having a rough, crumbly surface.


saxifragaceous

Saxifragaceous plants include the hydrangea and the gooseberry.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to an order of plants (Saxifragaceae) of which saxifrage is the type.


spermogonium

(lichenology) A conceptacle of certain lichens, containing spermatia.


theobroma

From the genus name Theobroma. Compare French théobrome.

(botany) Any of the genus Theobroma of small trees found in Central and South America.


boragineous

(botany, archaic) Relating to the borage tribe; boraginaceous.


fatsia

(botany) Any of the genus Fatsia of Asian evergreen shrubs.


monomerous

From mono- + -merous, ultimately from Ancient Greek roots meaning "a single part".

(botany) Composed of solitary parts, as a flower with one sepal, one petal, one stamen, and one pistil


anacardiaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Anacardiaceae of cashews and sumacs.


cocculus indicus

From Latin cocculus, diminutive of coccum (“kermes berry”) + Indicus (“of India”).

(botany) The fruit of Anamirta cocculus, a climbing plant of Southeast Asia and India. It is a source of picrotoxin.


ambigenous

From Latin ambō (“both”) + genus (“kind”).

(botany) Partaking of two natures, as the perianth of some endogenous plants, where the outer surface is calycine and the inner petaloid.


repullulate

en-verb

repullulate (third-person singular simple present repullulates, present participle repullulating, simple past and past participle repullulated)

repullulates (present singular third-person)
repullulating (participle present)
repullulated (participle past)
repullulated (past)

Borrowed from Latin repullulō, repullulātum, from pullulō. See pullulate.

Though tares repullulate, there is wheat still left in the field.

1640, I. H. [i.e., James Howell], ΔΕΝΔΡΟΛΟΓΊΑ [DENDROLOGIA]. Dodona’s Grove, or, The Vocall Forrest, London: […] T[homas] B[adger] for H. Mosley [i.e., Humphrey Moseley] […], →OCLC:

The Arbutus, doubtful, and so are Bays; but some will escape, and most of them repullulate and spring afresh , if cut down near the Earth, at the latter End of the Month.

1722, John Lowthorp, The Philosophical Transactions and Collections, to the End of the Year 1700:

nay, though quite cut down, they repullulate and produce young Suckers.

1729, John Evelyn, Silva: Or, a Discourse of Forest-trees, page 163:

(archaic, intransitive, botany) To bud or sprout again.


testivation

(botany) The production of pollen by the stamens


araucarian

The earliest conifers in geological history were mostly araucarian.

Araucarian Conifers

1863, James Dwight Dana, Manual of Geology:

(botany) Relating to, or of the nature of, trees of family Araucariaceae.

araucário

relating to, or of the nature of, the Araucariaceae


capreolate

en-adj

capreolate (comparative more capreolate, superlative most capreolate)

more capreolate (comparative)
most capreolate (superlative)

From Latin capreolus (“wild goat, tendril”), from caper (“goat”), with the suffix -ate. Compare French capréolé.


apiaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Apiaceae, including the carrots.


repand

repand (comparative more repand, superlative most repand)

more repand (comparative)
most repand (superlative)

From Latin repandus (“bent backward, turned up”), from re- (“re-”) + pandus (“bent, crooked”).

der

(botany, zoology) Having a slightly undulating margin.


adnation

adnation of petals and stamens

adnation of branches

adnation of stipule and leaf

(botany) The fusion of different floral verticils or sets of organs.


araceous

Latin arum a genus of plants, from Ancient Greek.

(botany) Of or relating to a family of plants, Araceae, of which the genus Arum is the type.

aráceo

of or relating to the Araceae family of plants


liturate

en-adj

liturate (comparative more liturate, superlative most liturate)

more liturate (comparative)
most liturate (superlative)

From Latin lituratus, past participle of liturare (“to erase”), from litura (“a blur”).

(botany) Spotted, as if from abrasions of the surface.


sporopollenin

en-noun

sporopollenin (countable and uncountable, plural sporopollenins)

Spores and pollen, collectively known as sporomorphs, are the tiny reproductive structures of land plants, and have a highly resistant outer wall made of a biopolymer called sporopollenin.

2017 January 4, Susannah Lydon, “Bring me sunshine in your spores”, in The Guardian:

(botany) A combination of biopolymers, observed in the exine layer of the spore and pollen wall.


sporophoric

en-adj

sporophoric (comparative more sporophoric, superlative most sporophoric)

more sporophoric (comparative)
most sporophoric (superlative)

(botany) Having the nature of a sporophore.


truelove

Paris quadrifolia
Paris quadrifolia#Translingual


simple fruit

(botany) A fruit that develops from either a single or compound ovary within a flower with a single pistil.

payak na bunga

a fruit that develops from either a single or compound ovary within a flower with a single pistil


spicose

spicose (comparative more spicose, superlative most spicose)

more spicose (comparative)
most spicose (superlative)

a spicose umbel

(botany) Having spikes or ears like those of corn.


corollet

[…]the flat part of the corollet in ligulate florets

1793, Thomas Martyn, The Language of Botany:

(botany, obsolete) A floret in an aggregate flower.


denticulation

en-noun

denticulation (countable and uncountable, plural denticulations)

(botany, zoology) A small tooth; a denticle.


two-lipped

(botany) Divided so that segments resemble the two lips when the mouth is more or less open; bilabiate.


monoecism

(botany) The state or condition of being monoecious.


dioecism

(biology, botany) The condition of being dioecious.


portulacaceous

portulacaceous plant

(botany) Of or relating to the family Portulacaceae of plants (purslanes)


cultriform

en-adj

cultriform (comparative more cultriform, superlative most cultriform)

more cultriform (comparative)
most cultriform (superlative)

From Latin culter, cultri (“knife”) + -form.

(botany, zoology) Shaped like a pruning knife; cultrate.