endorhiza

From Ancient Greek within + root. So called because many monocotyledons have an endorhizal embryo.


capitellate

From Latin capitellum, diminutive of caput (“head”).

(botany) Having a very small knob-like termination, or collected into minute capitula.


perichaeth

(botany) The leafy involucre surrounding the archegonium (fruit stalk) of mosses


stigmatose

en-adj

stigmatose (comparative more stigmatose, superlative most stigmatose)

more stigmatose (comparative)
most stigmatose (superlative)


calceolate

calceolate (comparative more calceolate, superlative most calceolate)

more calceolate (comparative)
most calceolate (superlative)

From Latin calceolus (“little shoe, slipper”) + -ate (adjective-forming suffix), from calceus (“calceus, footwear”) + -olus (diminutive noun-forming suffix), from calx (“heel”) + -eus (adjective-forming suffix).

af

(chiefly botany) Slipper-shaped, shaped like a slipper.


daedalous

en-adj

daedalous (comparative more daedalous, superlative most daedalous)

more daedalous (comparative)
most daedalous (superlative)

(archaic, botany) Having a variously cut or incised margin; said of leaves.


clinanthium

From clino- (“bed”) + Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos) + -ium.

affix

(botany) The receptacle of the flowers in a composite plant; the clinium.


equisetaceous

(botany) Belonging to the Equisetaceae, or horsetails.


chalaziferous

en-adj

chalaziferous (comparative more chalaziferous, superlative most chalaziferous)

more chalaziferous (comparative)
most chalaziferous (superlative)

chalaziferous layer

chalaziferous region

(botany, zoology) Having or bearing chalazas.


plantule

From French plantule, diminutive of plante (“a plant”), Latin planta.

(botany, dated) The embryo which has begun its development in the act of germination.

plântula

plant embryo which has begun its development


boraginaceous

boraginaceous (comparative more boraginaceous, superlative most boraginaceous)

more boraginaceous (comparative)
most boraginaceous (superlative)

(botany) Of, relating to, or resembling the Boraginaceae, a plant family which includes the borage, heliotrope, beggar's lice, and many other pestiferous plants.


sepalody

(botany) The metamorphosis of other floral organs into sepals or sepaloid bodies.


phaenogamous

(botany, archaic) Having true flowers with distinct floral organs; flowering.


incisely

(botany) In an incised manner, in a V-shape


erythrina

(botany) Any of the genus Erythrina of leguminous flowering plants; a coral tree.


septifragal

From septum + Latin frangere, fractum (“to break”).

(botany) Breaking from the partitions; said of a method of dehiscence in which the valves of a pod break away from the partitions, while these remain attached to the common axis.


spathose

spathose (comparative more spathose, superlative most spathose)

more spathose (comparative)
most spathose (superlative)

(botany, obsolete) Having or resembling a spathe.


astipulate

(botany) Lacking stipules; with no outgrowths borne on either side of the base of the leafstalk.


spiranthy

(botany, archaic) The occasional twisted growth of the parts of a flower.


spongiole

Latin spongiola (“a rose gall, small roots”), diminutive of spongia: compare French spongiole.

uder

(botany) A supposed sponge-like expansion of the tip of a rootlet for absorbing water.


pistacia

(botany) Any of the tree genus Pistacia, including the pistachio.


sarcocarp

(botany) The mesocarp (fleshy middle layer of the pericarp of a fruit).


gesneriaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Gesneriaceae of flowering plants.


trophosperm

From tropho- + Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”). Compare French trophosperme.


squamella

en-noun

squamella (plural squamellas or squamellae)

Diminutive from Latin squama (“a scale”).

(botany) A diminutive scale or bractlet, such as those found on the receptacle in many composite plants; a palea.


posticous

posticous petal

posticous sepal

(botany) Situated on the outer side of a filament; said of an extrorse anther.


ipomoea

(botany) Any of various twining plants of the genus Ipomoea with showy monopetalous flowers, including the morning glory, the sweet potato, and the cypress vine.


shepherdia

(botany) Any of the genus Shepherdia of shrubs.


phyllous

The sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are phyllous organs.


perichaetium

From peri- (“around”) + χαίτη (khaítē, “flowing hair, foliage”) + -ium (“structure”).


heterogonous

en-adj

heterogonous (comparative more heterogonous, superlative most heterogonous)

more heterogonous (comparative)
most heterogonous (superlative)


spinulescent

spinulescent (comparative more spinulescent, superlative most spinulescent)

more spinulescent (comparative)
most spinulescent (superlative)

(botany) Having small spines; somewhat thorny.


peristeria

From the genus name, itself from περιστερά (peristerá, “pigeon”).

(botany) Any of the genus Peristeria of orchidaceous plants.


sclerogen

(botany) The hard matter on some cells in wood.


scleroid

scleroid (comparative more scleroid, superlative most scleroid)

more scleroid (comparative)
most scleroid (superlative)

The shells of nuts are scleroid.

This scleroid form , which plays a very important part in the vegetation of Fungi, is only a transitory one; it always proceeds from the filamentous state, and may be compared with the tubers of the Potato, and not with a true subterranean stem; its life is truly latent, and only preserved by the hygrometric nature of its tissue.

1876, Emmanuel Le Maout, Joseph Decaisne, A General System of Botany, page 950:

The scleroid patches, when present, took no part in the reaction. No new scleroid tissue was produced.

1911, William Randolph Taylor, “On the Production of New Cell Formations in Plants”, in Contributions from the Botanical Laboratory of the University of Pennsylvania, page 290:

The walls of these scleroid basidia often reach 1 μm or more in thickness and the walls stain deeply with congo red.

1981, Timothy J. Baroni, A Revision of the Genus Rhodocybe Maire (Agaricales), page 24:


monogynous

(botany, obsolete) Of or relating to the Monogynia, a former order of plants having only one pistil.


marsileaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Marsileaceae of pepperworts and water clovers.


deplanate

deplanate (comparative more deplanate, superlative most deplanate)

more deplanate (comparative)
most deplanate (superlative)

From Latin deplanatus, past participle of deplanare (“to make level”). See plane (verb).


iberis

(botany) Any plant of the genus Iberis; a candytuft.


trachenchyma

(botany, dated) A vegetable tissue consisting of tracheae.


periblem

en-noun

periblem (countable and uncountable, plural periblems)

From peri- + root of Ancient Greek βλῆμα (blêma, “to sprout, shoot”).

der

(botany) nascent cortex, or immature cellular bark


chromule

en-noun

chromule (countable and uncountable, plural chromules)

From Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) and ὕλη (húlē, “matter”).

(botany, dated) Any colouring matter in plants other than chlorophyll, and especially in the petals.


scrophulariaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Scrophulariaceae of figworts.


santalum

From Medieval Latin sandalum, santalum. See sandal.

(botany) Any of the genus Santalum of trees with entire opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers.


phyllody

phyllody (countable and uncountable, plural phyllodies)

(botany) the abnormal development of floral parts into leafy structures


perianthium

From New Latin perianthium, from peri- + Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”) + -ium. Doublet of perianth.


siliquiform

en-adj

siliquiform (comparative more siliquiform, superlative most siliquiform)

more siliquiform (comparative)
most siliquiform (superlative)

From silique + -form: compare French siliquiforme.

siliquiform capsule


prosenchyma

(botany) The tissues formed of elongated cells, especially those with pointed or oblique extremities, such as the principal cells of ordinary wood.

προσέγχυμα

the tissues formed of elongated cells, especially those with pointed or oblique extremities


dionaea

/ˌdaɪəˈniːə/

From translingual Dionaea, from Ancient Greek Διωναία (Diōnaía), a name of Aphrodite.

He managed, in his enthusiasm, to kill several dionaeas by closing the traps with the tip of a pencil as soon as they opened, eventually exhausting them.


campanulaceous

campanulaceous (comparative more campanulaceous, superlative most campanulaceous)

more campanulaceous (comparative)
most campanulaceous (superlative)

(botany) Of, relating to, or resembling the Campanulaceae, a family of plants including the harebell.


angienchyma

(botany, archaic) vascular tissue of plants, consisting of spiral vessels, dotted, barred, and pitted ducts, and laticiferous vessels


cupuliferous

From cupule + -ferous: compare French cupulifère.

The oak and the chestnut are cupuliferous.

(botany) Bearing, or furnished with, a cupule.


extine

From Latin exter (“on the outside”). Compare intine.

(botany) The outer membrane of the grains of pollen of flowering plants.


digitated

digitated (comparative more digitated, superlative most digitated)

more digitated (comparative)
most digitated (superlative)

In Brazil I have often admired the varied beauty of the bananas, palms, and orange-trees contrasted together; and here we also have the bread-fruit, conspicuous from its large, glossy, and deeply digitated leaf.

1913, Charles Darwin, A Naturalist's Voyage Round the World:

The other pair of limbs terminate in something that, from the single instance I experienced, seemed to resemble soft but firm antennae or, perhaps, digitated palpi--" "Feelers!"

1904, Robert W. Chambers, In Search of the Unknown:

From the large digitated leaves an extract is made which has proved of service in whooping-cough, and of which from one-third to half a teaspoonful may be given for a dose.

1897, William Thomas Fernie, Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure:

Its massive central mountain, surmounted by many peaks, occupies a considerable area on the floor, and exhibits a digitated outline at the base.

(botany) Having several leaflets arranged, like the fingers of the hand, at the extremity of a stem or petiole.


dbh

We again found that the number of tree species in a sample of stems 20 cm dbh or larger is greater in selectively logged forest 8 years after the harvest than in nearby unlogged forest (t test, d.f.

1999 June 4, Douglas Sheil et al., “Tree Species Diversity in Logged Rainforests”, in Science, volume 284, number 5420, →DOI:

Tuart is usually a tall tree attaining 25–40 m in height and 1–2 m dbh, but in the northern part of its distribution it may be reduced to about 10–15 m in height.

2006, Douglas J. Boland et al., Forest Trees of Australia, 5th edition, CSIRO Publishing, page 284:

(botany) Initialism of diameter at breast height, a standard method of expressing the diameter of the trunk or bole of a standing tree, measured at the supposed height above ground of an adult's breast (which varies according to local convention from 1.3 to 1.5 metres).


annotinous

From Latin annotinus, from annus (“year”).

annotinous branches

annotinous shoots


sciuroid

sciuroid (comparative more sciuroid, superlative most sciuroid)

more sciuroid (comparative)
most sciuroid (superlative)

Tufts large, very laxly cohering, nearly without rhizoids, silky or yellowish green, fainly shining; stem elongate, irregularly divided or prolonged into sciuroid-curved obtuse branches; leaves loosely imbricate, crowded, when dry sub-rugose , when moist patent, short decurrent, indistinctly auriculate, faintly plicate, from concave ovate and gradually acuminate base long cuspidate;

1896, Bulletin of the University of Wisconsin: Science series, page 347:

Plants dioceious, in habit comparable to Breutelia, Primary stem creeping, naked, secondary stems arcuate, sciuroid, simple, branching or producing stolons.

1997, Pierre Tixier, Joseph Guého, Introduction to Mauritian Bryology, page 103:

(botany) Resembling the tail of a squirrel, as branches which are close and dense, or spikes of grass like barley.


perdifoil

Derived from Latin perdere (“to lose”) + folium (“leaf”).

[M]any of the perdifoils of cold climates, when transplanted to warmer climates, become evergreens.

1803, Benjamin Smith Barton, Elements of Botany:


syncarp

From syn- + -carp, New Latin syncarpium. See syncarpous.

(botany) A kind of aggregate fruit in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a slender receptacle, as in the magnolia.

(botany) A similar multiple fruit, such as a mulberry.


companion cell

(botany) A specific type of parenchyma cell located in the phloem that assists the sieve-tube cell in its function.


sieve plate

(botany) A structure of tiny apertures present in adjacent sieve walls that enable the movement of fluids inside the phloem.


sieve-tube element

en-noun

sieve-tube element (plural sieve-tube elements)

(botany) A type of sclerenchyma cell located in the phloem that is involved in the movement of carbohydrates.


exogen

From exo- + -gen: compare French exogène.

(botany) A plant characterized by wood, bark and pith, the wood forming a layer between the other two, and growth only occurring on the outside.


perula

From Latin pērula, diminutive of pera (“wallet”), from Ancient Greek πήρα (pḗra). Compare French pérule.

(botany) One of the scales of a leaf bud.

(botany) A pouchlike portion of the perianth in certain orchids.


sapotaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Sapotaceae of tropical trees.


rameous

From Latin rameus, from ramus (“branch, bough”).

(botany, dated) ramal; relating to a branch or branching


vessel element

(botany) A cell that is linear in form and is responsible for the conduction of water and minerals in the xylem.


podetium

From New Latin podetium, from Ancient Greek πούς (poús, “foot”).

(lichenology) A stalk which bears the fructification in some lichens, such as the reindeer moss.


tephrosia

Though the tephrosia is a powerful agent, and, if carried too far beyond the antagonistic action of the poison, is, I presume, not entirely without danger, I have never known any bad symptoms to arise from its use.

1866, American Journal of Pharmacy and the Sciences Supporting Public Health:

(botany) Any of the genus Tephrosia of leguminous shrubby plants and herbs.


bothrenchyma

Ancient Greek βόθρος (bóthros, “pit”) + -enchyma

(botany, obsolete) Dotted or pitted ducts or vessels forming the pores seen in many kinds of wood.


spinaceous

en-adj

spinaceous (comparative more spinaceous, superlative most spinaceous)

more spinaceous (comparative)
most spinaceous (superlative)

(archaic, botany) Of, relating to, or resembling spinach, or plants in family Amaranthaceae (syn. Spinaciaceae).


plerome

Borrowed from German Plerom + English -ome (suffix denoting a mass of something). Plerom is derived from Pleroma (obsolete), from Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōmă, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”): see further at pleroma.

der

(botany) The central portion of the apical meristem in a growing plant root or stem which, according to the histogen theory, gives rise to the endodermis and stele.


chlorenchyma

From Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “green”) (in reference to chloroplast) + -enchyma.

(botany) A mechanical, supportive ground tissue in plants containing chloroplasts.


ground tissue

en-noun

ground tissue (countable and uncountable, plural ground tissues)

(botany) The basic supportive tissues in plants.


placentary

(botany) The projecting line or ridge formed by the union of several placentas.


amaryllidaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Amaryllidaceae of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous flowering plants.


supradecompound

en-adj

supradecompound (comparative more supradecompound, superlative most supradecompound)

more supradecompound (comparative)
most supradecompound (superlative)

(botany) More than decompound; divided many times.


helianthemum

(botany) Any member of species of the genus Helianthemum of rockroses.


secundine

From Late Latin secundinae (“afterbirth”), from Latin secundae (“the afterbirth”), shortened from secundae membranae "the second membranes", from secundus (“following, coming next”). See second.

(botany) The second coat, or integument, of an ovule, lying within the primine.


punctation

en-noun

punctation (countable and uncountable, plural punctations)

From German Punktation, from Medieval Latin punctatio.

(botany) Markings of minute spots, holes, or depressions.


proteaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the large and varied family Proteaceae of plants, mostly found in South Afric or Australia.


spiricle

Diminutive, from Latin spira (“a coil”).

(botany) One of certain minute coiled threads in the coating of some seeds.


emarginated

en-adj

emarginated (comparative more emarginated, superlative most emarginated)

more emarginated (comparative)
most emarginated (superlative)

(botany) Having the margin interrupted by a notch or shallow sinus.


curvinerved

curvinerved (comparative more curvinerved, superlative most curvinerved)

more curvinerved (comparative)
most curvinerved (superlative)

(botany) Having the ribs or veins of the leaves curved.


sympodial

(botany) Having a specialized lateral growth pattern in which the apical meristem is terminated.


sideroxylon

From the genus name. Philosophical use comes from Schopenhauer and Nietzsche, who used the Greek word even in German.

(botany) Any of the genus Sideroxylon of tropical sapotaceous trees noted for their very hard wood; ironwood.


premorse

From Latin praemorsus, past participle of praemordere (“to bite off”), from prae (“before”) + mordere (“to bite”).

premorse roots

(archaic, botany) Terminated abruptly, or as if bitten off.


endophloeum

(botany, archaic) The inner layer of tree bark.


stramony

en-noun

stramony (countable and uncountable, plural stramonies)


synanthesis

(botany) The simultaneous maturity of the anthers and stigmas of a blossom.


pistillody

(botany) The metamorphosis of other floral organs into pistils.


paleola

(botany) A diminutive or secondary palea; a lodicule.


stephanotis

Palms towered majestically over the heads of the lower shrubs, and camellias, stephanotis, and many other semi-tropical flowers were growing luxuriantly in the open air.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 22:

(botany) Any of the genus Stephanotis of climbing asclepiadaceous shrubs with large white waxy flowers in cymes.


persicaria

From Latin persicarius (“a peach tree”). See peach.

[…] and the arrow-shaped leaves of the blue spiked pondwort and rosy flowers of the persicaria, form a beautiful sight on hot sunny days.

1857, Catherine Parr Strickland Traill, The Canadian Settler's Guide, page 208:


paraphysis

(botany) A minute jointed filament growing among the archegonia and antheridia of mosses, or with the spore cases, etc., of other flowerless plants.


meliaceous

Mahogany is a meliaceous plant.

(botany) Of or relating to the family Meliaceae of plants of mahogany and its close relatives.


corchorus

(botany) Any of the genus Corchorus of malvaceous flowering plants, some of which yield jute fiber.


perichaetial

(botany) Of or relating to the perichaeth.


sarcobasis

(botany) A fruit consisting of many dry indehiscent cells, which contain relatively few seeds and cohere about a common style, as in the mallows.


rutaceous

From Latin rutaceus, from ruta (“rue”). See rue (“the plant”).

(botany) Of or relating to plants of the family Rutaceae.


supraaxillary

(botany) Growing above the axil; inserted above the axil, as a peduncle.


pappous

en-adj

pappous (comparative more pappous, superlative most pappous)

more pappous (comparative)
most pappous (superlative)


trichophore

(botany) The special cell in red algae which produces or bears a trichogyne.


strobile

Latin strobilus (“a pine cone”) and Latin strobila, from Ancient Greek.

(botany) A scaly multiple fruit resulting from the ripening of an ament in certain plants, such as the hop or pine; a cone.


aroideous

aroideous (comparative more aroideous, superlative most aroideous)

more aroideous (comparative)
most aroideous (superlative)


tigella

(botany) That part of an embryo which represents the young stem; the caulicle or radicle.


cactaceous

(botany) Belonging to, or like, the family of cacti Cactaceae.


tercine

Borrowed from French tercine, from Latin tertius (“the third”).

(botany) A cellular layer derived from the nucleus of an ovule and surrounding the embryo sac.


scitamineous

I recollect no instance at this moment of an 1-locular anther except in Canna, and from its mode of insertion as well as the analogy of other scitamineous anthers, that seems to me rather half an anther, than a whole one: however, the radication, and stipulation fix Sowerbæa immovably near Dianella, as well as the country it comes from

1806, Richard Salisbury, The Paradisus Londinensis, volume 1, part 2, section 98:

(obsolete, botany) Of or relating to the Scitamineae.


muscoid

muscoid (comparative more muscoid, superlative most muscoid)

more muscoid (comparative)
most muscoid (superlative)


strigous

strigous (comparative more strigous, superlative most strigous)

more strigous (comparative)
most strigous (superlative)

strigous leaves


soldanel

(botany) A plant of the genus Soldanella, low Alpine herbs of the primrose family.


spignet

(botany) An aromatic plant of America; the spikenard.


satyrion

Latin, from Ancient Greek σατύριον (satúrion, “a kind of orchid”) from Σάτυρος (Sáturos, “a Satyr”).

uder

(botany, obsolete) Any of various kinds of orchids.


sphagnicolous

(botany) Growing in moss of the genus Sphagnum.


thrum-eyed

thrum-eyed flower

(botany) Having the anthers raised above the stigma, and visible at the throat of the corolla, as in long-stamened primroses.


cymbiform

en-adj

cymbiform (comparative more cymbiform, superlative most cymbiform)

more cymbiform (comparative)
most cymbiform (superlative)

cymbiform pericarps

(botany) Elongated and having the upper surface decidedly concave, as in the glumes of many grasses.


peritropal

From Ancient Greek περί (perí, “around”) + τρόπος (trópos, “turn”) + -al.

(botany, archaic) Having the axis of the seed perpendicular to the axis of the pericarp to which it is attached.


cichoraceous

cichoraceous (comparative more cichoraceous, superlative most cichoraceous)

more cichoraceous (comparative)
most cichoraceous (superlative)

(botany, obsolete) Belonging to the former order of composite plants Cichorieae, roughly corresponding to modern-day tribe Cichorieae.


merenchyma

/ˌmɛɹɪŋˈkaɪmə/

(archaic, botany) tissue composed of spheroidal cells


pleurenchyma

(botany) A tissue consisting of long and slender tubular cells, of which wood is mainly composed.


epiblema

From Ancient Greek ἐπίβλημα (epíblēma, “cover”); ἐπί (epí, “over, upon”) + βάλλω (bállō, “throw”).

der

These epidermal cells of the root, taken collectively, have been called the Epiblema

1885, George Lincoln Goodale, Physiological Botany:

(botany) The epidermal cells of rootlets, specially adapted to absorb liquids.


petalody

From Ancient Greek πετᾰλώδης (petălṓdēs, “full of flakes”), from πέταλον (pétalon) (whence also petal).

uder

(botany) The metamorphosis of various floral organs, usually stamens, into petals.


secund

From Latin secundus (“following the course or current of wind or water”). Doublet of second and secundo.

der

(botany, zoology) Arranged on one side only, as flowers or leaves on a stalk; unilateral.


dictyogen

From Ancient Greek δίκτυον (díktuon, “net”) + -gen.

(botany, dated) A plant with net-veined leaves and monocotyledonous embryos, belonging to the class Dictyogenae, proposed by Lindley for the families Dioscoreaceae, Smilacaceae, Trilliaceae, etc.


smilaceous

Irregularly formed from Smilacaceae + -ous

(botany) Of or relating to the plant family Smilacaceae.


perigynium

/pɛɹɪˈd͡ʒɪnɪəm/

Borrowed from New Latin perigynium, from peri- + Ancient Greek γῠνή (gŭnḗ, “woman”) + -ium.

(botany) A specialized sheath-like bract that surrounds the ovary or fruit of some flowering plants, especially those in the family Cyperaceae (sedges); utricle.


dioscoreaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the plant family Dioscoreaceae.


synanthous

No leaves were yet in sight, but in some cases the petals had fallen , and the seed pod was filling, showing that the leaves are certainly not synanthous, though appearing soon after the flowers.

1885, Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement:

The synanthous species develop leaves and flowers only after a suitable rainfall and flower during the season with rain.

2013, Yitzchak Gutterman, Regeneration of Plants in Arid Ecosystems […] :

(botany) Having the flowers and leaves appearing at the same time.


dictamnus

(botany) A suffrutescent plant, Dictamnus albus (usually considered as the only species in the genus, until Dictamnus dasycarpus turned up), with strong perfume and showy flowers.


sericeous

en-adj

sericeous (comparative more sericeous, superlative most sericeous)

more sericeous (comparative)
most sericeous (superlative)

From Latin sēricus (“silken”), sēricum (“Seric material; silk”), from Sēricus (“belonging to the Seres”): Sērēs, Ancient Greek Σῆρες (Sêres, “a people of Eastern Asia, the modern Chinese, celebrated for their silken fabrics”). Compare silk, serge.

der

a sericeous leaf

(botany) Covered with very soft hairs pressed close to the surface.


bromeliaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Bromeliaceae of flowering plants


scapiform

en-adj

scapiform (comparative more scapiform, superlative most scapiform)

more scapiform (comparative)
most scapiform (superlative)


spadiceous

spadiceous (comparative more spadiceous, superlative most spadiceous)

more spadiceous (comparative)
most spadiceous (superlative)

From Latin spadix, spadicis (“a date-brown or nut-brown color”). See spadix.

(botany) Bearing flowers on a spadix; of the nature of a spadix.


samaroid

samaroid (comparative more samaroid, superlative most samaroid)

more samaroid (comparative)
most samaroid (superlative)

(botany) Resembling a samara, or winged seed vessel.


photoepinasty

a clear cut relation is shown between these photoresponses and the induced photoepinasty

1990, B. Millet, H. Greppin, Intra-and Intercellular Communications in Plants:

(botany) A disproportionately rapid growth of the upper surface of dorsiventral organs, such as leaves, through the stimulus of exposure to light.


paracorolla

en-noun

paracorolla (plural paracorollas or paracorollae)

paracorollas (plural)
paracorollae (plural)

(botany) A secondary or inner corolla; a corona, as of the Narcissus.


bicolouration

(botany) The presence of two separate colourations on the same plant.


peloria

From New Latin peloria (“mutant, especially mutant toadflax”), from Ancient Greek πέλωρ (pélōr, “monster”) + -ία (-ía, “-ia, -y: forming abstract nouns”) and Latin -ia (“-ia: forming neuter plurals”).

der

(botany) abnormal regularity; the state of certain flowers, which, being naturally irregular, have become regular through a symmetrical repetition of the special irregularity


stellulate

en-adj

stellulate (comparative more stellulate, superlative most stellulate)

more stellulate (comparative)
most stellulate (superlative)


corol

Five of the ten males arrive at their maturity some days before the other five, as may be seen by opening the corol before it naturally expands itself.

1789, Erasmus Darwin, The Loves of the Plants, J. Johnson, page 12:


juncus

From the genus name. Doublet of junco and junk.

(botany) Any plant of the genus Juncus (the rushes).


pseudostem

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudostem.wav

The pseudostem of the banana can be several metres tall.

(botany) A false stem made of the rolled bases of leaves.


paraphyllum

(botany) A small foliaceous organ between the leaves of some mosses.


tuberoid

(botany) A tuber-like structure found on some orchids.


abscission zone

en-noun

abscission zone (plural abscission zones)

/æbˈsɪ.ʃn̩ ˈzəʊn/

/æbˈsɪ.ʒn̩ ˈzəʊn/

(botany) The area in a plant's leaf, stem, or fruit stalk, where the abscission layer if formed along with weakened sclerenchyma, absent collenchyma, and dense cytoplasm.

ζώνη αποκοπής

area in a leaf, stem or fruit stalk where the abscission layer if formed


abscission layer

abscission layer (plural abscission layers)

(botany) A layer of cells in a plant that differ from those above and below, and contain abundant starch and dense cytoplasm, which upon disorganization, begin the process of abscission, or the natural separation of the leaf from the rest of the plant.

ഭഞ്ജകപാളി

layer of cells in a plant which begin the process of abscission


antho-

From Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

(botany) Forms words relating to flowers


tendrilled

(botany) Having (a specified number or kind of) tendrils.


galium

From the genus name, from Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”).

(botany) Any of the genus Galium of annual and perennial herbaceous plants, including the bedstraws.


subnival

PIE word
 *upó
From sub- (prefix meaning ‘beneath, under’) + nival (“abounding with snow; snow-covered, snowy; found or thriving in snowy conditions”), borrowed from German subnival, from Late Latin subnivalis, from Latin sub- (prefix meaning ‘beneath, under’) + nivālis (“snow-covered; snowy”) (from nix (“snow”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sneygʷʰ- (“to snow”)) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship)).

der

In this way, the ‘subnival’ mountain range on the southern facet with its strong solifluction influence (level slope formation) approaches in height the ‘nival’ mountain range on the northern facet, which is distinguished by its well developed glacial forms.

1969, Wendelin Klaer, “Glazialmorphologische Probleme in den Hochgebirgen Vorderasiens [Glacial Morphological Problems in the High Mountains of the Near East]”, in Erdkunde: Archive for Scientific Geography, volume XXIII, number 3, Bonn: University of Bonn, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, summary, page 193, column 1:

Of a habitat: of an altitude, latitude, or type just below that which would be permanently covered by snow (the snow line).

lumirajan alapuolinen

of a habitat: of an altitude, latitude, or type just below that which would be permanently covered by snow

Growing or capable of growing, or occurring, underneath snow; subnivean.

lumen alla kasvava

growing or capable of growing, or occurring, underneath snow — see also subnivian


trioecious

Fraxinus excelsior
Fraxinus excelsior#Translingual

(botany) Having male (staminate), female (pistillate), and bisexual flowers on the same plant (also known as "polygamous"), like Fraxinus excelsior

(botany) Belonging to the former Linnæan order Trioecia, consisting of plants of this type.


nymphaeaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Nymphaeaceae of water lilies.


irideous

en-adj

irideous (comparative more irideous, superlative most irideous)

more irideous (comparative)
most irideous (superlative)

(botany) Of or pertaining to the irises (of family Iridaceae).


sterculiaceous

From translingual Sterculia + -aceous, the typical genus, from Latin Sterculius (“the deity that presided over manuring”), from stercus (“dung”). So called because one of the original species has a foetid smell.

der

(botany) Of or relating to the family Sterculiaceae (a former name for Malvaceae) of polypetalous exogenous plants, mostly tropical, including the cocoa plant.


bicallose

(botany) Having two callosities or hard spots


arillus

Unadapted borrowing from New Latin arillus. Doublet of aril, the adapted borrowing which has largely superseded it.


lamiaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Lamiaceae of mint and its close relatives.


sphaerospore

Ancient Greek σφαῖρᾰ (sphaîră, “ball”) + English spore.

(botany) One of the non-sexual spores found in red algae; a tetraspore.


incubously

[…] such as in the Lepidoziaceae (with primarily incubously inserted leaves […]

1966 October, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume I, New York, N.Y.; London: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 481:

(botany) In an orientation such that distal (anterior) parts of older leaves overlap the proximal (posterior) parts of younger ones.


succubously

[…] and the Trichocoleaceae (with predominantly succubously inserted leaves but Eotrichocolea with the leaves incubous; […]

(botany) In an orientation such that proximal (posterior) parts of older leaves overlap the distal (anterior) parts of younger ones.


xenogamous

(botany) Exhibiting or relating to xenogamy.


extraaxillary

an extraaxillary bud


pin-eyed

(botany) Having the stigma visible at the throat of a gamopetalous corolla, while the stamens are concealed in the tube.


loculose

en-adj

loculose (comparative more loculose, superlative most loculose)

more loculose (comparative)
most loculose (superlative)

The pith of the pokeweed is loculose.

(botany) Divided by internal partitions into cells.


lepidote

lepidote (comparative more lepidote, superlative most lepidote)

more lepidote (comparative)
most lepidote (superlative)

From New Latin lepidōtus (“covered with scales”), from Ancient Greek λεπιδωτός (lepidōtós, “covered with scales”), from λεπίς (lepís, “scale, flake, shell, husk”). By surface analysis, lepido- + -ote.

der

The leaves of the oleaster are lepidote.


lepidote

Oleaster is a lepidote.

(botany) A lepidote plant, any plant with a coat of scurfy scales.


gynandrian

(botany) gynandrous; belonging to the obsolete class Gynandria.


hastated

en-adj

hastated (comparative more hastated, superlative most hastated)

more hastated (comparative)
most hastated (superlative)


exorhizal

(botany) Having a radicle that is not enclosed by the cotyledons or plumule; of or relating to an exorhiza.


artocarpeous

artocarpeous (comparative more artocarpeous, superlative most artocarpeous)

more artocarpeous (comparative)
most artocarpeous (superlative)

(archaic, botany) Of or relating to the breadfruit, or the genus Artocarpus.


endorhizal

(botany) Having the radicle of the embryo sheathed by the cotyledon, through which the embryo bursts in germination, as in many monocotyledonous plants.


peltately

en-adv

peltately (comparative more peltately, superlative most peltately)

more peltately (comparative)
most peltately (superlative)

peltately dilated at the base


nymphaeid

From translingual Nymphaea (“waterlily”).

(botany) A plant rooted in the bottom, but with leaves floating on the water surface.


regma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥῆγμα (rhêgma, “breaking, fracture”). Doublet of rhegma.

bor+

A red dye is obtained from the regmata of Mallotus philippinensis, and Chrozophora tinctoria yields purple and blue dyes.

1988, The Marshall Cavendish illustrated encyclopedia of plants and earth sciences, Marshall Cavendish Corporation:

(botany) A kind of dry fruit, consisting of three or more cells, each of which eventually breaks open at the inner angle.


elodeid

From translingual Elodea, from Ancient Greek ἑλώδης (helṓdēs, “marshy”), from ἕλος (hélos, “marsh”)

der

(botany) A stem plant that completes its entire life cycle submerged, or with only its flowers above the waterline.


suicide tree

(botany) Cerbera odollam, a tree native to India and other parts of Southern Asia, yielding a potent poison.


isoetid

(botany) A rosette plant that completes its entire life cycle submerged.

pohjaruusukekasvi

rosette plant that completes its entire life submerged


chorisis

en-noun

chorisis (countable and uncountable, plural chorises)

From Ancient Greek χώρισις (khṓrisis, “separation”).

uder

(botany) The separation of a leaf (or petal or sepal) into two more parts


scrobiculate

en-adj

scrobiculate (comparative more scrobiculate, superlative most scrobiculate)

more scrobiculate (comparative)
most scrobiculate (superlative)

From Latin scrobiculus, diminutive of scrobis (“a ditch or trench”).

(botany) Having numerous small, shallow depressions or hollows; pitted.


pooid

(botany) Any of the grass subfamily Pooideae.


lunulate

lunulate (comparative more lunulate, superlative most lunulate)

more lunulate (comparative)
most lunulate (superlative)

(botany, zoology) Resembling a small crescent


vexillar

vexillar (comparative more vexillar, superlative most vexillar)

more vexillar (comparative)
most vexillar (superlative)

Compare French vexillaire, Latin vexillarius, a standard-bearer.

(botany) Of or relating to the vexillum, or upper petal of papilionaceous flowers.


phyton

From Ancient Greek φυτόν (phutón, “plant”).

(botany) One of the parts which by their repetition make up a flowering plant, each being a single joint of a stem with its leaf or leaves.


involucrate

involucrate (comparative more involucrate, superlative most involucrate)

more involucrate (comparative)
most involucrate (superlative)

involucrate clovers

(botany) Having an involucre; involucred.


androecious

From andro- + -ecious, from Ancient Greek: ἀνήρ (anḗr, “male”) in combination with οἰκία (oikía, “residency”).

(biology, botany, zoology) Having masculine reproductive organs.


crotalaria

(botany) Any of the genus Crotalaria of herbaceous plants and woody shrubs.


icosandrian

(archaic, botany) Relating to the class Icosandria; having twenty or more stamens inserted in the calyx.


frontated

frontated (comparative more frontated, superlative most frontated)

more frontated (comparative)
most frontated (superlative)

(botany) Growing broader and broader, as a leaf; truncate.


tetradynamous

(botany) Belonging to the order Tetradynamia; having six stamens, four of which are uniformly longer than the others.


amphicarpic

Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “both”) +καρπός (karpós, “fruit”) + -ic

amphicarpic plant

amphicarpic legume

amphicarpic species


tergeminate

(botany) Having three pairs of leaflets.


asperifolious

asperifolious (comparative more asperifolious, superlative most asperifolious)

more asperifolious (comparative)
most asperifolious (superlative)

Latin asper (“rough”) + folium (“leaf”).


trifoliated

(botany) Having three leaves or leaflets; trifoliate.


tetragynous

(botany) Belonging to the order Tetragynia; having four styles.


pentagynous

(botany) Of or relating to plants, having five styles.


discifloral

(botany) Bearing the stamens on a discoid outgrowth of the receptacle.


glumelle

Borrowed from French glumelle, diminutive of glume.

(botany) One of the inner chaffy scales of the flowers or spikelets of grasses.


antitropal

antitropal (comparative more antitropal, superlative most antitropal)

more antitropal (comparative)
most antitropal (superlative)


diadelphian

(obsolete, botany) Of or relating to the former class Diadelphia; having the stamens united into two bodies by their filaments (said of a plant or flower)


hemitropous

hemitropous (comparative more hemitropous, superlative most hemitropous)

more hemitropous (comparative)
most hemitropous (superlative)

(botany, of an ovule) Having the raphe terminating about halfway between the chalaza and the orifice; amphitropous


corollifloral

(botany) Having the stamens borne on the petals, and the latter free from the calyx.


calyculated

(botany) Having a set of bracts resembling a calyx.


trigynous

(botany) Having three pistils or styles.


triseriate

(botany) Arranged in three vertical or spiral rows.


latifoliate

latifoliate (comparative more latifoliate, superlative most latifoliate)

more latifoliate (comparative)
most latifoliate (superlative)


homodromous

(botany) Running in the same direction; said of stems twining round a support, or of the spiral succession of leaves on stems and their branches.


exciple

(lichenology, mycology) The outer part of an apothecium of those ascomycete fungi which have that sort of fructification. Most lichens come into that category.


ICN

(botany) The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, a body of rules and recommendations governing botanical names.


pinguicula

(botany) Any of the genus Pinguicula of butterworts.


thalamifloral

(botany) Bearing the stamens directly on the receptacle.


wayfaring-tree

Coined c. 1597 by John Gerard, English herbalist. The plant is common along waysides in hedgerows, as might be passed by wayfarers.

Viburnum lantana
Viburnum lantana#Translingual

(botany) A much-branched European shrub of large size (Viburnum lantana), with dense cymes of small white flowers, the foliage and young shoots thickly covered with soft mealy down.


huperzia

From translingual Huperzia (“genus of firmoss”).

bor

(botany) A firmoss of the genus Huperzia.


triandrian

(botany, obsolete) Of or relating to the former Triandria; having three distinct and equal stamens in the same flower.


amphitropal

en-adj

amphitropal (comparative more amphitropal, superlative most amphitropal)

more amphitropal (comparative)
most amphitropal (superlative)

Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “both”) + τροπή (tropḗ, “turn”) + -al.

anfítropo

having the ovule inverted, but with the attachment near the middle of one side


lecythidaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Lecythidaceae, that includes the Brazil nuts.


semisunny

Give a sunny to semisunny situation, not over 70°F in winter[…]

1993, Elvin McDonald, The new houseplant: bringing the garden indoors:

Rooting at the tips only, it is an ideal subject for covering difficult areas either under trees, in dense shade or in semisunny spots in the woodland garden.

1995, Bill Sheat, Gerald Schofield, Complete Gardening in Southern Africa, page 251:

(chiefly botany) Somewhat sunny; having a certain amount of exposure to the sun.


arillode

The mace of the nutmeg is an arillode.

(botany) A structure resembling an aril that comes from the ovule as opposed to the stalk.


myrmecochorous

From myrmeco- + -chorous or myrmecochory + -ous.

(biology, botany) Spread, or having seeds that are dispersed, by ants.


apiculated

apiculated (comparative more apiculated, superlative most apiculated)

more apiculated (comparative)
most apiculated (superlative)


pleurocarpous

(botany) Side-fruited; said of those true mosses in which the pedicels or capsules are from lateral archegonia.


subleaflet

(botany) A leaflet making up part of a subdivided (e.g. bipinnate) leaflet.


semievergreen

(botany) Losing all of the leaves in winter only if it is cold enough.


labiatiflorous

labiatiflorous (comparative more labiatiflorous, superlative most labiatiflorous)

more labiatiflorous (comparative)
most labiatiflorous (superlative)

The corollas of the ray are distinctly bilabiate, but anthers and style differ so much from all the labiatiflorous genera grouped together in the Tribe Mutisieae that the authors of the Genera Plantarum have judged best to join our genus with the Tribe Asteroideae, in which, if the shape of the corolla be disregarded, it finds a proper place next to Grindelia among the Homochromeae.

1888, William Hillebrand, Flora of the Hawaiian Islands:

(botany, very rare) Having labiate flowers (as the snapdragon).


postgenital

The carpels show various degrees of congenital or postgenital connation (Gut 1966; Ramp 1988).

2010, Klaus Kubitzki, Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, page 279:

(botany) Appearing as an organism matures.


triflorous

a triflorous peduncle

(botany) Having or bearing three flowers or blooms.


sesquialteral

From Latin sesquialter + English -al, from sesqui (“a half and a”) + alter (“another, a second”).

(botany, archaic) Having full florets accompanied by lesser ones.

(botany, archaic) Having half as many stamens as petals.


accessory pigment

en-noun

accessory pigment (plural accessory pigments)

(botany) Any non-chlorophyll pigment present in a chloroplast that helps to absorb light but sends all the energy to a chlorophyll.


stamineous

stamineous nectary

stamineous structure

stamineous flower

(botany) Of, relating to, or attached to stamens.


tristigmatic

(botany) Having, or consisting of, three stigmas.


consound

Inherited from the Middle English consoude, consowde, consol, consold, consaud, consaude, from the Old English consolde, borrowed from the Old French consolde, consoulde, consoude, inherited from the Latin cōnsolida (“common confrey”), so called because of its supposed healing power.

a Plant commonly call’d the Great Consound or Comfrey; it has Stems which grow two or three Foot high: The Leaves are great, large, hairy, and of a dark Green; […] The small Consound is the most proper for healing of Wounds.

1725, Noel Chomel, Dictionaire Oeconomique: Or, The Family Dictionary:

(botany, obsolete) Any of several healing plants of the genera Symphytum, Consolida, Ajuga, Bellis, etc., especially comfrey.


salsola

(botany) Any member of the genus Salsola of amarantaceous plants, including the saltwort.


siliquose

en-adj

siliquose (comparative more siliquose, superlative most siliquose)

more siliquose (comparative)
most siliquose (superlative)

siliquose plants

siliquose capsules

(botany) Relating to, or resembling, siliques.


ombrophile

(botany) Any plant that flourishes in a rainy environment.


bilamellate

The stigma of the Mimulus is bilamellate.

(botany) Formed of two plates, or lamellae.

(botany) Having two elevated ridges, as in the lip of certain flowers.


sagittated

sagittated (comparative more sagittated, superlative most sagittated)

more sagittated (comparative)
most sagittated (superlative)


mesophloeum

From Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, “middle”) + φλόος (phlóos, “bark”).


epiphloeum

(botany) A corky envelope or outer portion of bark, lying next beneath an epidermis.


houstonia

(botany) Any of the genus Houstonia of rubiaceous flowering plants.


sorediate

a sorediate lichen

[…] smooth and shiny with large soralia (actually, fruiting warts that have become sorediate and are rarely fertile) […]

2001, Irwin M. Brodo, Stephen Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, page 527:

(botany) Pertaining to or characterized by the presence of many soredia.


hyoscyamus

en-noun

hyoscyamus (countable and uncountable, plural hyoscyamuses or hyoscyami)

hyoscyamuses (plural)
hyoscyami (plural)

(botany) Any of the genus Hyoscyamus of henbanes.


multiseriate

en-adj

multiseriate (comparative more multiseriate, superlative most multiseriate)

more multiseriate (comparative)
most multiseriate (superlative)


ochreate

(botany) Provided with ochrea, or sheath-formed stipules, as the rhubarb, yellow dock, and knotgrass.


deetiolated

(botany) exposed to light after being grown in the dark


salsolaceous

(botany) Belonging to the family Salsolaceae of salt-tolerant plants (now subfamily Salsoloideae in Amaranthaceae).


adiantoid

an adiantoid fern


buxaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Buxaceae of the box trees and close relatives.


sarcoderm

(botany) A fleshy covering of a seed, lying between the external and internal integuments.


suberose

suberose (comparative more suberose, superlative most suberose)

more suberose (comparative)
most suberose (superlative)

Latin suber (“the cork tree”): compare French subéreux.


plantaginaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Plantaginaceae of plantains and close relatives.


tetrandrous

(botany) Belonging to the class Tetrandria


tetrandrian

(botany) Belonging to the class Tetrandria.


aristolochiaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Aristolochiaceae of tropical vines.


annonaceous

The soursop fruit comes from an annonaceous plant.

Those of the biriba attain a diameter of six or eight inches, and have been pronounced to be the finest annonaceous fruit of tropical America.

1917 May 14, Vaughan MacCaughey, “The genus Annona in the Hawaiian islands”, in Torreya, a Monthly Journal of Botanical Notes and News, volume 17, number 5, page 76:

(botany) Of or pertaining to the soursop and other members of the Annonaceae family.


arecid

(botany) Any member of the subclass Arecidae of certain monocots, such as palms.


caryophyllid

(botany) Any plant in the subclass Caryophyllidae.


commelinid

(botany) Any member of the subclass Commelinidae of grasses, rushes, sedges and similar plants, or of the clade commelinids.


decagynous

(botany) Belonging to the Decagynia; having ten styles.


cupressacean

(botany) Any conifer of the family Cupressaceae.


monocolpate

(botany) Having a single germinal furrow.


dilleniid

(botany) Any member of the subclass Dilleniidae.


equisetid

(botany) Any plant in the subclass Equisetidae; a horsetail.


sorediferous

sorediferous (comparative more sorediferous, superlative most sorediferous)

more sorediferous (comparative)
most sorediferous (superlative)


fabid

(botany) Any member of the eurosid clade known as the fabids


hamamelid

(botany) Any member of a grouping Hamamelididae used in analyses of flowering plant phylogeny toward the end of the twentieth century. It included a number of dicot families that have since been shown to be parts of other groups.

norkkokasvi

botany: member of the obsolete taxonomic grouping Hamamelididae


malvid

(botany) Any plant in the malvids clade.


ophioglossid

Ophioglossum (“genus of adder's tongue ferns”) + -id

(botany) An adder's tongue fern, or one similar to such a fern.


papilionoid

(botany) Any member of subfamily Papilionoideae of peas and other legumes.


pinid

(botany) Any conifer in the family Pinidae.


ranunculid

(botany) Any plant in the subclass Ranunculidae.


holocarpic

(botany, of an alga) in which the entire thallus develops into a sporangium


dioecy

From Ancient Greek δι- (di-, “twice”) + οἰκία (oikía, “house, family, tribe”).

(botany) The condition of being dioecious, namely having separate sexes, especially of plants.


crenelled

crenelled (comparative more crenelled, superlative most crenelled)

more crenelled (comparative)
most crenelled (superlative)


syngenesian

(botany, archaic) syngenesious; synantherous


sclereid

(botany) A reduced form of sclerenchyma cell with highly thickened, lignified walls.


stapelia

From Stapelia, the genus name, after J. B. van Stapel.

[…]the instinctive faculty[…]sometimes falls into mistake and error, as in the instance which Mr. Kirby gives of the flesh-fly mistaking the blossom of the stapelia for carrion, the hen a piece of chalk for an egg ; and he may add the instance given by Dr. Roget, of the vulture mistaking the skin of an animal stuffed with hay for the carcase.

1835, The Gentleman′s Magazine, volume 159, page 234:

Prom.^([Promenaea]) stapelioides has 2-inch-wide yellow flowers with concentric red-brown markings, resembling the famous carrion flower stapelia, hence the epithet stapelioides.

2005, Complete Guide to Orchids, Ortho Books, page 211:

He had also a collection of stapelias and other small prickly plants; some of them were almost invisible without a magnifying glass, but most interesting.

2010, Marianne North, Abundant Beauty: The Adventurous Travels of Marianne North, Botanical Artist, page 204:

(botany) Any of the genus Stapelia of low-growing succulent plants, predominantly from South Africa, and often giving off an odour of rotten flesh.


leptophyllous

leptophyllous (comparative more leptophyllous, superlative most leptophyllous)

more leptophyllous (comparative)
most leptophyllous (superlative)


calycifloral

Latin calyx (“calyx”), calycis (“calyx”) + flos (“flower”), floris (“flower”).

(botany) Having the petals and stamens adnate to the calyx.


strumose

strumose (comparative more strumose, superlative most strumose)

more strumose (comparative)
most strumose (superlative)


phytomer

(botany) An organic element of a flowering plant; a phyton.


angustifolious

angustifolious (comparative more angustifolious, superlative most angustifolious)

more angustifolious (comparative)
most angustifolious (superlative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin angustifolius.


retrofract

en-adj

retrofract (comparative more retrofract, superlative most retrofract)

more retrofract (comparative)
most retrofract (superlative)

retro- + Latin fractus, past participle of frangere (“to break”).

a retrofract peduncle

retrofract pods

a retrofract stem

(botany) Bent sharply back, so as to appear broken.


dumous

dumous (comparative more dumous, superlative most dumous)

more dumous (comparative)
most dumous (superlative)

Latin dumōsus (“overgrown with thorns or briars”)


antherozoid

Ancient Greek ἀνθηρός (anthērós, “flowery”) + ζῷον (zôion, “animal”) + -oid.

(botany) One of the mobile male reproductive bodies in the antheridia of cryptogams.

anterozoide

mobile male reproductive body in the antheridia of cryptogams


genista

(botany) Any member of the flowering plant genus Genista.


ramet

Coined by A. B. Stout in 1929 from Latin rāmus (“branch”) + -et.

(botany) A clone (individual member of a genet).


tetradymia

(botany) Any member of the genus Tetradymia of flowering plants.


multifoliolate

en-adj

multifoliolate (comparative more multifoliolate, superlative most multifoliolate)

more multifoliolate (comparative)
most multifoliolate (superlative)


florigenic

florigenic (comparative more florigenic, superlative most florigenic)

more florigenic (comparative)
most florigenic (superlative)

(botany) Promoting flowering or the formation of flowers.


penicilliform

penicilliform (comparative more penicilliform, superlative most penicilliform)

more penicilliform (comparative)
most penicilliform (superlative)


antiflorigenic

antiflorigenic (comparative more antiflorigenic, superlative most antiflorigenic)

more antiflorigenic (comparative)
most antiflorigenic (superlative)

(botany) Discouraging the formation of flowers.


strophiolate

From strophiole + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).


schizaeaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Schizaeaceae of mostly tropical ferns.


semifloret

(botany) A floret, or floscule, with its corolla lengthened into a strap-shaped petal.


dodecagynous

(botany, obsolete) Of or relating to the former order Dodecagynia, plants having twelve styles, such as the houseleek.


monosymmetrical

(botany) Of flowers: capable of being bisected into similar halves in only one plane.


caruncula

Borrowed from Latin caruncula (“a little piece of flesh”). Doublet of caruncle.

bor+

Even without mobilization of the bone, the median eyelid angle can be deplaced in the nasal direction. For this purpose, we inserted a heart-shaped cartilage implant, curved toward the caruncula.

1982, Sherrell J. Aston, Albert Hornblass, Murray A. Meltzer, et al., editors, Third International Symposium of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Eye and Adnexa, Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Co., →ISBN, page 116:

(anatomy, zootomy, botany) Synonym of caruncle.


compositous

I know of no case better adapted to show the importance of the laws of correlation in modifying important structures, independently of utility and, therefore, of natural selection, than that of the difference between the outer and inner flowers in some Compositous and Umbelliferous plants.

1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Laws of Variation”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 144:

(botany) Belonging to the Compositae; composite.


sexfid

From Latin sexifidus, from sex (“six”) + -fidus, related to findere (“to split”).

a sexfid calyx or nectary


scorpioidal

en-adj

scorpioidal (comparative more scorpioidal, superlative most scorpioidal)

more scorpioidal (comparative)
most scorpioidal (superlative)


hypoderma

(botany) A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants, performing the physiological function of strengthening the epidermal tissue. In phanerogamous plants it is developed as collenchyma.


stipulaceous

(botany) stipular; of or relating to stipules


dodecandrian

(botany) Of or relating to the Dodecandria; having twelve stamens, or from twelve to nineteen.


petalum

From New Latin petalum, from Ancient Greek πέταλον (pétalon), from πέταλος (pétalos, “broad, flat”), from Proto-Hellenic *pétalos, from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out”). Doublet of petal.


cultrate

en-adj

cultrate (comparative more cultrate, superlative most cultrate)

more cultrate (comparative)
most cultrate (superlative)

(botany, zoology) Sharp-edged and pointed; shaped like a pruning knife, as the beak of certain birds.


metastoma

en-noun

metastoma (plural metastomas or metastomata)

metastomas (plural)
metastomata (plural)

From meta- (“behind”) + στόμα (stóma, “mouth”).

(botany) A structure found in some mosses and liverworts that covers the mouth of the capsule from which spores are released.


plurispore

(botany) An algal spore that develops within a plurilocular sporangium.


unispore

Fletcher (1978) demonstrated that in Britain unispores from Ralfsia clavata developed into germlings that eventually produced blades identifiable as Petalonia fascia and that unispores from Microspongium gelatinosum ultimately produced narrow, terete thalli identifiable as Scytosiphon lomentaria.

1984, Christopher S. Lobban, Michael James Wynne, The Biology of Seaweeds, University of California Press, page 71:

Culture studies of Newfoundland Acrothrix revealed an asexual, heteromorphic, monophasic life history which includes a unispore-producing macrothallus and a recycling, plurispore-producing microthallus.

1985, Susan G. Forward with G. Robin South, “Observations on the taxonomy and life history of North Atlantic Acrothrix Kylin (Phaeophyceae, Chordariales)”, in Phycologia, volume 24, numbers 3–4, page 347:

The plurispores and unispores produced by the erect thalli at 10 degrees C under SD conditions once again developed into new prostrate thalli.

2012, Q. Ashton Acton, PhD, Issues in Life Sciences: Botany and Plant Biology Research: 2011 Edition, ScholarlyEditions Press, page 631:

(botany) An algal spore that develops within a unilocular sporangium.


woodwardia

(botany) Any of the genus Woodwardia of chain ferns.


rhamnus

(botany) Any of the plants in the genus Rhamnus; a buckthorn.


isonandra

(botany) Any of the genus Isonandra of sapotaceous plants.


polyaxial

According to Florin, only the Taxaceae cannot be interpreted in terms of the polyaxial concept, since the single terminal ovule shows no evidence of having evolved from a bract and ovuliferous shoot system.

1990, C. N. Page, “Piatae: General Traits of Conifers”, in K.U. Kramer, P.S. Green, editors, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms, page 291:

However, sustainable avocado production at acceptable commercial levels remains a challenge as the polyaxial, pseudo-terminal flowering architecture of avocado (Verheij, 1986) dictates that trees must continuously increase in size to remain productive (Whiley and Schaffer, 1994).

2002, Antony William Whiley, B. Nigel Wolstenholme, The Avocado: Botany, Production and Uses, page 147:

(botany) Axial about more than one axis.


cauligenous

(botany) Originating from the stem of a plant.


pseudotrunk

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudotrunk.wav

(botany) A false trunk formed by the roots etc. of certain trees.


scarious

en-adj

scarious (comparative more scarious, superlative most scarious)

more scarious (comparative)
most scarious (superlative)

A polymorphous plant, with larger (frequently three lines in diameter), more globose and racemose heads, and more scarious involucres than any form of A. vulgaris.

1838, John Torrey, Asa Gray, A Flora of North America, page 422:

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909

(botany) thin, dry, membranous, and not green


clote

From Middle English clote, Old English clāte, from Proto-West Germanic *klaitā.


thalia

Thalias are herbaceous perennials with long-stalked, calathea- or canna-like, all-basal leaves, the stalks of which enfold each other toward their bases to produce false stems.

1982, Thomas H. Everett, The New York Botanical Garden Illustrated Encyclopedia of Horticulture:

(botany) Any of the genus Thalia of tropical plants found in aquatic or marshy habitats.


tradescantia

(botany) Any of the genus Tradescantia of spiderworts.


anthoecium

(botany) A fertile lemma or palea of a grass


vanaspati

(botany) Any plant that bears fruits but no evident flowers.


silk-cotton tree

en-noun

silk-cotton tree (plural silk-cotton trees)

(botany) Any of several large tropical trees:

Bombax ceiba, native to much of tropical and temperate Asia and Australasia.

Ceiba pentandra
Ceiba pentandra#Translingual

Ceiba pentandra, native to the American tropics and west Africa.

Cochlospermum religiosum, native to the Asian tropics.


palmatisected

en-adj

palmatisected (comparative more palmatisected, superlative most palmatisected)

more palmatisected (comparative)
most palmatisected (superlative)


spicated

spicated (comparative more spicated, superlative most spicated)

more spicated (comparative)
most spicated (superlative)


monopodium

en-noun

monopodium (plural monopodiums or monopodia)

(botany) A single and continuous vegetable axis.


psidium

(botany) Any member of the genus Psidium of guava plants.


hemerocallis

(botany) Any member of the genus Hemerocallis of daylilies.


heterospory

(botany) The production of spores of two different sizes and sexes by the sporophytes of land plants.


hypocarpium

(botany) An enlarged fleshy structure that forms below the fruit, from the receptacle or hypanthium.


onagraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Onagraceae of flowering plants, including the fuchsia and the evening primrose.


mikania

(botany) Any of the genus Mikania of asteraceous plants.


asteraceous

en-adj

asteraceous (comparative more asteraceous, superlative most asteraceous)

more asteraceous (comparative)
most asteraceous (superlative)

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Asteraceae.


adelphous

From Ancient Greek ἀδελφός (adelphós, “brother”) + -ous.

der

adelphous stamens

(botany) Having coalescent or clustered filaments.

adelfo

having coalescent or clustered filaments


berberidaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Berberidaceae of barberries.


podophyllum

(botany) Any of the genus Podophyllum of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Berberidaceae, with palmately lobed umbrella-like leaves, and several stems produced from a creeping underground rhizome.


monimiaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Monimiaceae.


apogeotropically

(botany) In an apogeotropic manner; of leaves and other botanical structures, in a manner that bends away from the ground.


mammillaria

For some years back collections of mammillarias, from whatever parts of the world they came, were grown in our hothouses, and many of them are still kept there.

1841, John Claudius Loudon, The gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement, volume 7, page 511:

(botany) Any member of the cactus genus Mammillaria.


marsdenia

From Marsden + -ia, from the genus name, named after William Marsden (orientalist).

The odour of the 'Madagascar chaplet-flower' came floating out, mingled with the fragrant scents of the marsdenias, and the sloping shelves were one mass of varied bloom.

1872, Matilda Mary Pollard, The miner's son, and Margaret Vernon, page 194:

(botany) Any of the genus Marsdenia of apocynaceous plants.


melastoma

(botany) Any of the genus Melastoma of flowering plants.


monarda

(botany) Any of the genus Monarda of flowering plants, the bergamots or bee balms.


myristica

(botany) Any member of the genus Myristica of nutmegs.


melastomataceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Melastomataceae.


mentha

From the genus name, Mentha, from Latin mentha (“mint”). Doublet of mint.

Very aromatic; all culinary menthas can be used for sauces, jellies, and candied leaves.

1974, Daniel J. Foley, Herbs for Use and for Delight: An Anthology from The Herbarist, page 89:

In the plots where black peppermint were planted as inter-row crop, there were 4 rows of Citronella or other menthas with alternate rows of black peppermint.

1976, Agriculture and Agro-industries Journal, volume 9, page 19:

(botany) Any of the mint genus Mentha, mints and similar species.


rhexia

(botany) Any of the genus Rhexia of plants in the family Melastomataceae.


lavatera

(botany) Any of the genus Lavatera (syn. of Malva) of malvaceous flowering plants.


apomict

(botany, zoology) Any apomictic plant or organism.


androgenesis

en-noun

androgenesis (usually uncountable, plural androgeneses)

(botany, zoology) Male or paternal apomixis, involving fusion of the male and female gametes and replacement of the female nucleus by the male nucleus.


polygamodioecious

(botany) Having bisexual and male flowers on some plants, and bisexual and female flowers on others.


pyrenous

(botany) Relating to the stone of a drupe.


polypyrenous

(botany, dated) Containing multiple stones, kernels, or seeds.


pomaceous

The disease occurs throughout the United States and Canada in practically every section where pomaceus fruits are grown.

1914, Report of the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Ithaca, and of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Issue 26, Part 1, page 321:

The brown rots of pomaceous and drupaceous fruits are due to fungi, at least one of which was first described by Persoon in 1796 as Torula fructigena.

1921, Torrey Botanical Club, Torreya, volumes 21-23, page 17:

Pomaceous and stone fruits can be degraded by a number of pathogenic species including Monilia laxa, M. fructigena and Rhizopus stolonifer.

2007, “Association of moulds to foods”, in Jan Dijksterhuis, Robert A. Samson, editors, Food Mycology: A Multifaceted Approach to Fungi and Food, page 210:

(botany) Of, pertaining to, or resembling a pome.

Cedar rust is characteristic of the “double host” rusts and needs two hosts, namely apple or other pomaceous plants and red cedar before it can complete its life cycle.

1916, State Entomologist, Annual Report of the State Entomologist of Indiana, number 8, page 115:

This bacterium^([Erwinia amylovora]) commonly affects most pomaceous trees and shrubs.

1978, Pascal P. Pirone, Diseases and Pests of Ornamental Plants, page 144:

Infected foliage on the pomaceous, alternate hosts apppears during the summer or fall and is characterized by spots or large areas of yellow-orange discoloration and varying degrees of deformation.

1983, E. L. Barnard, Wayne Neal Dixon, Insects and Diseases: Important Problems of Florida's Forest and Shade Tree Resources, page 75:


polypodium

polypodium (plural polypodiums or polypodia)

From Late Latin polypodium, from Ancient Greek πολυπόδιον (polupódion), from πολυ- (polu-, “poly-, many”) + πούς (poús, “-pod, foot”) + -ιον (-ion, “-ium”). Later reinforced by the translingual scientific use of Polypodium.

(botany) Synonym of polypody: any fern of the genus Polypodium.


skotomorphogenesis

(botany) The development of a seedling in the dark.


acanthous

en-adj

acanthous (comparative more acanthous, superlative most acanthous)

more acanthous (comparative)
most acanthous (superlative)

From acanth- (“spine”) + -ous (“having”).


paniculated

paniculated (comparative more paniculated, superlative most paniculated)

more paniculated (comparative)
most paniculated (superlative)


pentandrian

(botany) Of or relating to the class Pentandria; having five stamens.


pentandrous

From New Latin pentandrus, from penta- + -andrus (“-androus”).

(botany) Of or relating to the Linnean class Pentandria; having five stamens.


cormus

From Ancient Greek κορμός (kormós, “trunk of a tree with the boughs cut off”), from κείρω (keírō, “shear”).


parietary

Latin parietaria (“the herb pellitory (noun)”), from parietarius (“of or belonging to a wall (adjective)”). Compare pellitory, parietal.

(botany) Any of several species of Parietaria.


pointal

From point: compare French pointal (“an upright wooden prop”), Old French pointille (“a prick or prickle”).

cog

(obsolete, botany) The pistil of a plant.


caudicula

en-noun

caudicula (plural caudiculas or caudiculae)


caudicle

Diminutive of Latin cauda (“tail, appendage”).

A pollinium when highly developed consists of a mass of pollen-grains, affixed to an elastic foot-stalk or caudicle, and this to a little mass of extremely viscid matter.

1858, Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species, volume 2, Harvard Classics Edition, published 1909, page 251:

The structure of the rostellum and caudicles of the pollinia are worth noting. There are four pollinia, separated into two pairs. Each pair is attached to a long caudicle ending in a mass of sticky material or a distinct, viscid disc, except that in one species, I. intermedia, the two caudicles share a viscid disc. The rostellum in all species has two projections on which the caudicles lie.

1996, Rebecca Tyson Northen, Miniature Orchids and How to Grow Them, page 86:

The caudicle holds the pollen grains together (Proctor and Harder 1994; Fig. 1).

2000, E. Pacini, G. G. Franchi, “Types of Pollen Dispersal Units in Monocots”, in Karen Wilson, David Morrison, editors, Monocots: Systematics and Evolution, unnumbered page:

(botany) A slender, elastic process to which the masses of pollen in orchidaceous plants are attached.


merithallus

From New Latin merithallus, from Ancient Greek μερίς (merís, “part”) + θαλλός (thallós, “branch”).

In fact, in the same way that we see in the monocotyledonous embryo, which has taken all its normal expansion, a radicular mamilla which constitutes its descending system, and a cauliculus, a cotyledon, and its support, which form together its ascending system, in the same manner also we see in the more advanced plant the root which represents the radicle, that is to say, the descending system, and the merithallus with the leaf and its petiole, which represent the cauliculus, the cotyledon, together with its support, that is to say, the ascending system.

1835 December 21, M. Mirrel, “Report on a Memoir of M. Gaudichaud, relative to the Development and Growth of the Stems, Leaves, and other Organs of Plants”, in The London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, volume IX, page 373:

[…]but when we examine the increase of this branch in part, we see, with Cassini, that each merithallus, or internode, grows principally by its lower part[…]

1841, Augustin Pyramus de Candolle, “Of the Stem of Vascular Plants”, in Boughton Kingdon, transl., Vegetable Organography: Or, An Analytical Description of the Organs of Plants, 2nd edition, volume I, London: Houlston & Stoneman, translation of Théorie élémentaire de la botanique (in French), page 178:

Prof. F. Delpino regards the leaf, not as an independent organ, but as a section of a merithallus, the free projecting portion of a cone of growth, the remaining elements of which are closely united with one another to form the axial shoot.

1892, “Metamorphosis and Idiomorphosis”, in Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, page 815:


core eudicot

(botany) A plant or taxonomic grouping that is within the clade core eudicots.


muticous

en-adj

muticous (comparative more muticous, superlative most muticous)

more muticous (comparative)
most muticous (superlative)

Latin muticus, for mutilus. See mutilate.

(botany, zoology) Without a point or pointed end; blunt.


clinium

From Late Latin, from Ancient Greek κλίνη (klínē, “bed”).


gaura

Blossoms that flower atop willowy weedy stems such as forget-me-nots, delphiniums, and gauras should be thought of as two-dayers; they don't draw water well or retain preservatives.

1996, Rayford Clayton Reddell, Full bloom: thoughts from an opinionated gardener, page 66:

(botany) Any flowering plant of the Oenothera sect. Gaura (formerly the genus Gaura in the family Onagraceae, including many beeblossoms.


corcule

Latin corculum (“a little heart”), diminutive of cor (“heart”).

(botany, obsolete) The heart of the seed; the embryo or germ.


dipterocarpaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Dipterocarpaceae.


soboles

A soboles is a [...] creeping under-ground stem, sending roots from one part and leaf-buds from another, as in Couch grass, […]

1851, John Hutton Balfour, A Manual of Botany, page 35:

Producing young plants from a soboles.

1860, Robert Fowler, The medical vocabulary, page 306:

(botany, archaic) A shoot that runs along underground and forms new plants at short distances.

(botany, archaic) A sucker, as of a tree or shrub.


turio

/ˈtjʊəɹi.əʊ/

(botany) A shoot or sprout from the ground.


white rust

(phytopathology) A disease of some plants caused by the pathogen Albugo candida


apetaly

(botany) The condition of having no petals


septiferous

(botany) Bearing a partition; said of the valves of a capsule.


acanthocladous

acanthocladous (comparative more acanthocladous, superlative most acanthocladous)

more acanthocladous (comparative)
most acanthocladous (superlative)

From acantho- + Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos), + -ous.

(botany) describing a plant which has spiny branches


acarophilous

The last-mentioned author has a list of 270 acarophilous species.

1910 December, Professor G. F. Scott-Elliot M.A. B.Sc. F.L.S., “Mites and Acarodomatia”, in Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, volume 24, →DOI, pages 126–135:

(botany, rare) That is pollinated by mites


tetragonous

tetragonous (comparative more tetragonous, superlative most tetragonous)

more tetragonous (comparative)
most tetragonous (superlative)


herkogamy

From Ancient Greek ἕρκος (hérkos, “fence, wall”) + -gamy.

der

(botany) Different relative positionings of the stigma and the anthers.


chasmogamy

(botany) The production of flowers that open and expose the stamens and styles.


woodsia

(botany) Any of the genus Woodsia of ferns.


apothecial

(lichenology) Relating to the apothecium.


isidium

According to OED, from a genus name Isidium (Acharius 1798), itself from the goddess Isis.

(lichenology) A vegetative reproductive structure present in some lichens; an outgrowth of the thallus surface, usually with a columnar structure, and consisting of both fungal hyphae and algal cells.


cv.

(botany, avoided) Abbreviation of convariety.


romneya

On one occasion I raised a batch of romneyas from seeds which were sown directly they were ripe, but the usual method of propagation is by root cuttings, which can be obtained at this period of the year.

(botany) Any of the genus Romneya of flowering plants of the poppy family, perennial subshrubs with woody stems and large white flowers with yellow centres.


teucrium

From the genus name (New Latin Teucrium).

(botany) Any of the genus Teucrium of lamiaceous plants; a germander.


asparagoid

(botany) Resembling members of a botanical group for which the genus Asparagus is representative.


monocephalic

(botany) Having a single head, particularly in the shape of a flower, especially a dandelion


laticifer

(botany) a type of elongated secretory cell found in the leaves and/or stems of plants that produce latex and rubber as secondary metabolites.


trimonoecious

Finally, there is the trimonoecious group, which has a mixture of staminate, pistillate, and hermaphroditic flowers all on the same plant.

1989, Ib Libner Nonnecke, Vegetable Production, page 509:

Six different sex forms have been reported in C.^([Cucumis]) melo, i.e., monoecious, andromonoecious, gynomonoecious, hermaphrodite, trimonoecious, and gynoecious (Poole and Grimball 1939).

1998, J. M. Alvarez, “Chapter 24: Muskmelon”, in S.S. Banga, S.K. Banga, editors, Hybrid Cultivar Development, page 516:

Individual plants are either hermaphrodites (all flowers are hermaphrodites), monoecious (both male and female flowers), andromonoecious (male and hermaphrodite flowers), gynomonoecious (female and hermaphrodite flowers) or trimonoecious (all three types of flowers).

2002, Pierre-Henri Gouyon, Jean-Pierre Henry, Jacques Arnould, translated by Tiiu Ojasoo, Gene Avatars: The Neo-Darwinian Theory of Evolution, page 137:

Trivedi and Roy (1973) have reported the appearance of various intermediate sex forms such as andromonoecious, gynoecious, and trimonoecious in colchicine-treated plants of M. charantia, but remaining as diploids.

2011, T. K. Behera, K. Joseph John, L. K. Bharathi, R. Karuppaiyan, “Chapter 10: Momordica”, in Chittaranjan Kole, editor, Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources: Vegetables, page 226:

(botany) That has male, female and bisexual (perfect) flowers on the same individual plant.

polygamous

botany: having male, female and bisexual flowers on the same plant


nervule

From either nervure + -ule or nerve + -ule.

D. reticulata (Blum l.c.) leaves 3-nerved, besides the 2 marginal nervules, ovate-oblong, acuminated, rounded at the base, or somewhat cordate, reticulated beneath and covered with ochraceous dots; panicles terminal; calyx almost quite entire; anthers fixed by the back, furnished with somewhat rhomboid, inappendiculate connectives.

1832, Geoge Don, A General System of Gardening and Botany, volume 2, page 783:

(botany) A minor, nonsupporting vein in a leaf of a plant; a branch vein of a nervure (supporting vein) or of another nervule.


potamogeton

(botany) Any of the plants of the genus Potamogeton.


radicose

en-adj

radicose (comparative more radicose, superlative most radicose)

more radicose (comparative)
most radicose (superlative)


ornithophilous

ornithophilous (comparative more ornithophilous, superlative most ornithophilous)

more ornithophilous (comparative)
most ornithophilous (superlative)


autoecism

Along with this view of pleomorphism, goes the generally conceived idea that autoecism is the primitive condition, heteroecism being considered a later adaptation (Klebahn, 1904).

1911, Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden, page 406:

(botany, of a plant) The fact of having male and female reproductive organs on the same individual plant.


ash dieback

Ash dieback is a major concern. Only ten years after its identification in the UK, the risks posed by dead and diseased trees is rising, says NR. In 2020, ash dieback was present in 73% of ash trees in England, 92% in Wales, and 21% in Scotland, with a rapid increase in tree mortality rates over the next six years expected.

2023 August 9, Mel Holley, “Network News: Scotland's £4.2bn plan to ensure network stability”, in RAIL, number 989, page 24:

(phytopathology) Dieback of ash trees caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus.


renanthera

(botany) Any of the genus Renanthera of large scrambling monopodial epiphytic and terrestrial flowering plants found in India, New Guinea, and the Philippines.


chusquea

(botany) Any of the genus Chusquea of evergreen bamboos, mostly native to mountain sites in Central and South America.


subcrenate

(botany, zoology) Having a notched or scalloped margin


araphid

(phycology) Any pennate diatom that lacks raphes


myosote

en-noun

myosote (countable and uncountable, plural myosotes)

And laden barges float
By banks of myosote;
And scented flag and golden flower-de-lys
Delay the loitering boat.

before 1899, Robert Seymour Bridges, There is a Hill


sciaphilous

en-adj

sciaphilous (comparative more sciaphilous, superlative most sciaphilous)

more sciaphilous (comparative)
most sciaphilous (superlative)


desert rose

/dɪˈzɜːt ɹəʊz/

A flowering plant of species Adenium obesum, native to Africa and the Middle East; a common ornamental.

A star rose, gooseberry rose (Rosa stellata), a rose native to North America.

Sturt’s desert rose (Gossypium sturtianum), of Australia.


caudiciform

caudiciform (comparative more caudiciform, superlative most caudiciform)

more caudiciform (comparative)
most caudiciform (superlative)

(botany) Having a thick stem; pachycaul.


collective fruit

en-noun

collective fruit (plural collective fruits)

While the true aggregate fruit is produced by the ovaria of a single flower, a collective fruit, if aggregate, is produced by the ovaria of many flowers

1832, John Lindley, An Introduction to Botany:

(botany) Any fruit formed from a mass of flowers, such as the mulberry or pineapple.


united flower

(botany) A flower of a kind that has the stamens and pistils in the same flower.


araliaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Araliaceae.


luxuriant flower

luxuriant flower (plural luxuriant flowers)

(botany, archaic) A flower in which the floral envelopes are overdeveloped at the expense of the essential organs.


paleoherb

(botany) A flowering plant which is neither a eudicot nor a monocot.


multiflowered

(botany) Having more than one flower to a stem.


combretaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Combretaceae.


fieldwort

From Middle English feldewort, feldwurt, feltwyrt, from Old English feldwyrt (“fieldwort, gentian”), equivalent to field + wort.


mniaceous

Although Roellobryon is morphologically similar to Rhodobryum and Rosulabryum, recent molecular studies suggest that it is closer to Mniaceae than Bryaceae. Superficially, under the light microscope, the species looks distinctly mniaceous; […]

2014, Flora of North America North of Mexico, page 186:

(botany) Of or relating to the family Mniaceae of mosses.


oxalidaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Oxalidaceae of wood sorrel and its close relatives.


celastraceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Celastraceae of staff vines and bittersweets.


ortet

Coined by A. B. Stout in 1929 from Latin ortus (“origin”) + -et.

(botany) The original single parent plant from which a clone ultimately derives.


globularia

How seldom do we see the globularias in modern gardens, though these sea- and salt-lovers may be planted with confidence in any garden by the shore.

1964, Christine Kelway, Seaside gardening, page 120:

(botany) Any of the genus Globularia of flowering plants.


megagametogenesis

(botany) The development of a megaspore into an embryo sac.


pollinarium

First used in H. F. Link's Elementa philosophiæ botanicæ (1824), formed from classical Latin pollin- (pollen) and the suffix -arium (place for).¹

(botany) The structure in an orchid flower which becomes attached to an insect during pollination. Includes the pollinia, caudicle, and viscidium.


phalaenopsis

Moth orchids, or phalaenopsis, are indigenous to countries such as the Philippines and Malaysia. Some of the most gothic-looking slipper orchids are found in steamy Sumatra.

2019 April 10, Adrian Higgins, “This florist started caring for ailing orchids on the side. He’s now babysitting 13,000.”, in The Washington Post:

(botany) Any of the genus Phalaenopsis of moth orchids.


epidendrum

(botany) Any plant of the genus Epidendrum.


laeliocattleya

(botany) Any plant of the genus Laeliocattleya.


calanthe

(botany) Any plant of the genus Calanthe.


sophrocattleya

(botany) Any plant of the genus Sophrocattleya.


paphiopedilum

(botany) Any plant of the genus Paphiopedilum.


tabebuia

(botany) Any of the plants in the genus Tabebuia.


zamiaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Zamiaceae.


loranthaceous

From translingual Loranthaceae + -ous, from Loranthus, from Ancient Greek λῶρος (lôros, “thong”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

(botany) Of or relating to the family Loranthaceae of showy mistletoes.


parthenium

(botany) Any of the genus Parthenium of flowering plants in the aster family.


psilostrophe

The psilostrophes are palatable and usually occur every season.

1934, The Southwestern Sheep and Goat Raiser, volume 5, page 16:

(botany) Any member of the genus Psilostrophe.


leptosporangiate

[…]which being leptosporangiate cannot be closely related to Isoetes, the sporangia appear late in the history of the leaf.

1900, Robert Wilson Smith, Structure and Development of Sporangia and Sporophylls of Isoetes, page 330:

In fact, it seems that in the Primary rocks the distinctive Leptosporangiate annulus was at least rare, if it existed at all.

1908, Frederick Orpen Bower, The Origin of a Land Flora, page 639:

Most of his material, which includes a variety of leptosporangiate species, was obtained from greenhouses.

1922, John Merle Coulter, Sir Humphry Davy, M.S. Coulter, The Collected Works of Sir Humphry Davy: Discourses Delivered before the Royal Society: Elements of Agricultural Chemistry, Part 1, page 264:

(botany) Having sporangia that were each formed from a single epidermal cell; of, pertaining to, or characteristic of ferns of this kind.


eusporangiate

Bailey and Pain (1971) examined the walls of a wide range of species of ferns (both leptosporangiate and eusporangiate) and divided the species into three groups depending on whether their walls contained low (0-3%), medium or high (>10%) concentrations of mannose.

2005, Philip J. Harris, “11: Diversity in plant cell walls”, in Robert J. Henry, editor, Plant Diversity and Evolution, page 220:

In the smaller of the two groups, known as the eusporangiate type, the sporangium originates from several initial cells.

2005, V. Raghavan, Developmental Biology of Fern Gametophytes, page 12:

Describe structure and development of leptosporangiate and eusporangiate sporangia. Draw diagrams.

2009, Singh, Pande, Jain, Text Book Of Botany Diversity Of Microbes And Cryptogams, page 468:

(botany) That has sporangia that were each formed from several epidermal cells; of, pertaining to, or characteristic of eusporangiate ferns.


leptosporangium

2003, Jill Bailey, Filicinophyta (ferns), entry in The Facts on File Dictionary of Botany, page 84,
In the Filicales the leptosporangium has a specialized spore dispersal mechanism involving an annulus of cells with thick walls that ejects spores explosively as it dries out.

The characteristic that unites the Filicales as a monophyletic clade is the presence of leptosporangia with an annulus-an area of specialized cells involved in dehiscence.[…]Leptosporangia typically produce only a few spores, and are most commonly homosporous.

2010, Lily Bora, Principles of Paleobotany, page 256:

Leptosporangia are unique among vascular plants in (1) developing from a single cell, and (2) having a single layer of cells making up the sporangium wall.

2011, Michael G. Simpson, Plant Systematics, page 88:

(botany) A sporangium formed from a single epidermal cell.


macleaya

(botany) Any member of the genus Macleaya of flowering plants in the poppy family, native to China and Japan.


schlumbergera

(botany) Any member of the cactus genus Schlumbergera.


sophrolaeliocattleya

(botany) Any member of the nothogenus Sophrolaeliocattleya.


pogonia

(botany) Any of the orchid genus Pogonia.


middle rib

(botany) The main vein of a simple leaf or leaflet, running from the petiole to its apex, and from which the other veins usually spread.

(botany) The continuation of the petiole of a pinnately compound leaf around which the leaflets attach.


burseraceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the family Burseraceae.


gynostemium

en-noun

gynostemium (plural gynostemia or gynostemiums)

gynostemia (plural)
gynostemiums (plural)

For the expression of MADS-box genes, mature flowers were dissected into their individual floral organs (sepals, petals, labellums and gynostemiums).

2015 November 19, “Digital Gene Expression Analysis Based on De Novo Transcriptome Assembly Reveals New Genes Associated with Floral Organ Differentiation of the Orchid Plant Cymbidium ensifolium”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(botany) A reproductive structure, in some plants, formed by fusion of the stamens and pistil


nandina

A Latinised version of the Japanese name for the plant, 南天 (ナンテン, nanten), first used by Carl Peter Thunberg.

(botany) Heavenly bamboo or sacred bamboo, an ornamental plant of species Nandina domestica, sole member of genus Nandina (in family Berberidaceae), native to east Asia from the Himalayas to Japan.


unicate

Dead inflorescences and infructescences are well worth collecting if no fresh material is available or if fresh material is only sufficient for a unicate or one duplicate.

1986, John Dransfield, “A guide to collecting palms”, in Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, volume 73, number 1, page 167:

Each collection, which may be a unicate or several specimens as duplicates in several herbaria, constitutes a record in the Conifer Database.

2013, Aljos Farjon, Denis Filer, An Atlas of the World's Conifers: An Analysis of their Distribution, Biogeography, Diversity and Conservation Status, Koninklijke Brill, →ISBN, page 3:

(botany, zoology) A biological specimen that has no duplicates.

Our data perhaps are more robust for analyzing patterns of endemism because some nuclei for which we have few inventories show high numbers of unicates (e.g., Caribbean, Mexico), and others for which we have sampled far more thoroughly show low numbers (e.g., Brejo and Peri-Caatinga). Though the percentage of unicate species varies widely from 1.9 to 77.5 percent, in general it is high, with 12 of 23 nuclei showing greater than 20 percent unicates, suggesting high endemism.

2011, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Ary T. Oliveira-Filho, R. Toby Pennington, “Neotropical Seasonally Dry Forests: Diversity, Endemism, and Biogeography of Woody Plants”, in Rodolfo Dirzo, Hillary S. Young, Harold A. Mooney, Gerardo Ceballos, editors, Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests: Ecology and Conservation, Washington: Island Press, →ISBN, page 8:

(botany) A species that occurs at only a single geographical site.


aizoaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Aizoaceae of fig-marigolds.


onopordum

(botany) Any of the genus Onopordum of asteraceous thistles.


lilioid

(botany) Any of a grade of five monocot orders (Petrosaviales, Dioscoreales, Pandanales, Liliales and Asparagales) in which most species have flowers with relatively large, coloured tepals resembling those of a lily.


phrase name

(Australia, botany) An informal name given to a plant taxon that has not yet been given a formal scientific name. It consists of the generic name, "sp." (to indicate it is a species), a geographical or morphological identifier, and a collector's name and number representing a herbarium specimen.


true daikon

(botany) The common daikon, to distinguish the principal large, long, and white variety from various other forms such as the watermelon radish.


witch's broom

witch's broom (countable and uncountable, plural witch's brooms)

(phytopathology) A disease or deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, such that the natural structure of the plant is changed so that a dense mass of shoots grows from a single point.


richardia

From the genus name, after the French botanist L. C. M. Richard (1754-1821) and his son.

(botany) Any of the genus Richardia of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae.


rice blast

(phytopathology) A disease of rice caused by the fungus Magnaporthe grisea.


neckeraceous

(botany) Belonging to the Neckeraceae, a family of mosses.


stamineal

en-adj

stamineal (comparative more stamineal, superlative most stamineal)

more stamineal (comparative)
most stamineal (superlative)


restionaceous

(botany, relational) Belonging or relating to the Restionaceae.


silver grain

(botany) The lines or narrow plates of cellular tissue which pass from the pith to the bark of an exogenous stem; the medullary rays. In the wood of the oak they are much larger than in that of the beech, maple, pine, cherry, etc.


black rust

(phytopathology) A disease of wheat, in which a black, moist substance is deposited in the fissures of the grain.


daboecia

From the genus name, from Dabheog, the name of a late antique Irish saint.

(botany) Any of the genus Daboecia of evergreen shrubs related to heather.


haemodoraceous

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Haemodoraceae</i>

(botany) Of or relating to the family Haemodoraceae (bloodworts).


neoregelia

(botany) Any of the genus Neoregelia of flowering plants in the bromeliad family.


pittosporaceous

From translingual Pittosporaceae + -ous.

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Pittosporaceae.


nominotypical

Motacilla alba alba is the nominotypical subspecies of the white wagtail (Motacilla alba).

(zoology, botany) Of a subspecies: nominate, having a name which repeats the species name, designating that it represents the originally described population.

Four species of the nominotypical subgenus are positively recorded from America north of Mexico... [referring to Physonota (Physonota) arizonae and three other species]

2002, Ross H. Arnett, JR, Michael C. Thomas, Paul E. Skelley, J. Howard Frank, American Beetles, Volume II, page 646:

(zoology, botany) Of a subgenus or other infrageneric taxon: having a name which repeats the genus name, indicating that it includes the type species. For older botanical subgeneric and sectional names, it is sometimes prefixed with Eu-.


pseudofruit

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudofruit.wav

(botany) A fruit which includes tissue not derived from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue.


drepanium

(botany) A helicoid cyme whose successive pedicels are aligned on the same plane.


heterothetic

(botany, of a compound raceme inflorescence) Not ending with a final raceme.


calathid

(botany) The flower head of an asteraceous plant.


anthela

(botany) A cymose corymb with the lateral flowers higher than the central ones.

antela

a cymose corymb with the lateral flowers higher than the central ones


rhipidium

From Ancient Greek ῥιπίς (rhipís, “fan”) + -ium.

af

(botany) A scorpioid cyme whose successive pedicels follow a zigzag path on the same plane.


chenopodiaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Chenopodiaceae (goosefoots) (now subfamily Chenopodioideae).


chenopodium

(botany) Any member of the flowering plant genus Chenopodium.


radiculous

For quotations using this term, see Citations:radiculous.

(botany, medicine, uncommon) Of or pertaining to a radicle (nerve root, or rudimentary shoot of a plant from which a root is developed downward).


hymenophyllaceous

(botany) Belonging or relating to the family Hymenophyllaceae.


anisomery

(botany) The condition of having a floral whorl with a different (usually smaller) number of parts than the other floral whorls.


amphitropous

(botany) Having the ovule bent so that the ends are near each other.


calycophyll

(botany) A leaf-like structure formed from a sepal or calyx lobe which enlarges, usually many-fold, before or after anthesis, especially when most of the sepals or calyx lobes retain their original size.


costapalmate

(botany, of a leaf) Having a definite costa, but with the leaflets arranged radially as in a palmate leaf.


cyathophyll

(botany) The bract-like structure of a euphorbia on which the involucre sits, usually but not always occurring in twos. They may sometimes be brightly coloured and confused with petals.


bipinnatisect

(botany) pinnatisect, with deeply dissected segments


discolorous

(botany, of leaves) Having upper and lower surfaces of different colours.


casual alien

(botany) A plant that appears with no apparent human assistance but does not develop a sustained population.


jugary

(botany, of a gland) Occurring on the rachis of a bipinnate leaf at the junction or attachment of pairs of pinnae or pinnules, as in some acacias.


homochlamydeous

(botany) Having the perianth not divided into calyx and corolla.


conflorescence

(botany) An inflorescence whose overall structure substantially differs from that of the individual branches of the inflorescence.


enantiostyly

(botany) The condition in which the gynoecium protrudes laterally, either to the right or to the left of the androecium.


exotesta

(botany) The outer layer of the testa, derived from the outer integument of the ovule.


dichasium

From New Latin dichasium, from di- + Ancient Greek χάσις (khásis, “chasm, separation”).

(botany) A cymose inflorescence with all branches below the terminal flower in regular opposite pairs.


androgynophore

(botany) A stalk bearing both the androecium and the gynoecium of a flower above the level of insertion of the perianth.


indigen

Variant of indigene. In a botanical sense first used by Liberty Hyde Bailey in 1918.

(botany) A plant known to be indigenous to a region, rather than a cultigen.


mutic

en-adj

mutic (comparative more mutic, superlative most mutic)

more mutic (comparative)
most mutic (superlative)

Pollen masses applied to the dilated tops of the corpuscles of the stigma, solitary, or composed of 4 confluent ones. Stigma almost mutic.

1875, John Claudius Loudon, Trees and Shrubs:

(botany, dated) Having no pointed process or awn; awnless.


gynomonoecious

(botany) Having bisexual flowers and female flowers on the same plant.


hypothallus

(botany) The outgrowth of hyphae from under the margin of the thallus of a crustose lichen, connecting the island-like areoles into a single lichen.


goodeniaceous

(botany, relational) Of or relating to the Goodeniaceae.


interjugary

(botany) Being or relating to glands occurring along the leaf rachis between the pinnae (occurring below the single, and often slightly larger, gland at or just below the insertion of the pinnae) in pinnate leaves.


lauroid

lauroid (comparative more lauroid, superlative most lauroid)

more lauroid (comparative)
most lauroid (superlative)

lauroid leaves

(botany) Resembling or characteristic of a laurel.


mesophyllous

(botany) Of moist habitats and having mostly large and soft leaves


microstrobilus

(botany) The smaller of two kinds of cones or strobili produced by gymnosperms, being male and producing the pollen.


pachycladous

pachycladous (comparative more pachycladous, superlative most pachycladous)

more pachycladous (comparative)
most pachycladous (superlative)

(botany) Having disproportionately thick stems.


triplinerved

(botany, of leaves) Having three main nerves with the lateral nerves arising from the midnerve above the base of the leaf.


pluriflorous

(botany) Having many flowers per inflorescence.


paraperigonium

(botany) An anomalous secondary outgrowth of the perianthal meristem with ramifying vasculature.


pauciflorous

(botany) Having few flowers per inflorescence.


trullate

From Latin trulla (“small laddle, trowel”) + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

af

(botany) Ovate but angled, like a bricklayer's trowel; inverse kite-shaped.


papilionate

From Latin pāpiliō(n) (“butterfly”) + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

(botany) Butterfly-like, with a corolla, as that of a pea.


trophophyll

(botany) A vegetative, nutrient-producing leaf or microphyll, whose primary function is photosynthesis.


pachycaulous

Some of the herbaceous forms relate, like the banana, directly to the pachycaulous, others to the leptocaulous.

2002, E. J. H. Corner, The Life of Plants, page 275:

(botany) Relating to a pachycaul; having a thick stem and few branches.


pluriovulate

en-adj

pluriovulate (comparative more pluriovulate, superlative most pluriovulate)

more pluriovulate (comparative)
most pluriovulate (superlative)

From pluri- (“several”) + ovule + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).