stain

en-verb

stain (third-person singular simple present stains, present participle staining, simple past and past participle stained)

stains (present singular third-person)
staining (participle present)
stained (participle past)
stained (past)

From Middle English steinen, steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān (“stone”). More at stone.
Replaced native Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”) from Old English wem (“spot, stain”).
In some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from"; literally, "de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des- (“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre (“to dye”), from Latin tingo.

noncog

(transitive, cytology, histology) To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features

värjätä

to treat a microscope specimen with a dye


fixation

en-noun

fixation (countable and uncountable, plural fixations)

From Old French fixation. By surface analysis, fix + -ation.

fixació

a state of mind involving obsession with a particular person, idea or thing

(cytology, histology, pathology) preservation of biological tissues from decay due to autolysis or putrefaction.


inclusion

inclusion (countable and uncountable, plural inclusions)

Borrowed from Latin inclusio, inclusionis, from the verb Latin inclūdō (“to shut in, enclose, insert”), from in- (“in”) + claudō (“to shut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”). By surface analysis, include + -sion. Doublet of enclosure.

der

(histology) An object completely inside a tissue, such as epidermal inclusion cyst, a cyst in the epidermis.


azan

(histology) A staining technique involving azocarmine and aniline dyes.


acid-fast

en-adj

acid-fast (comparative more acid-fast, superlative most acid-fast)

more acid-fast (comparative)
most acid-fast (superlative)

(histology, of bacteria) Retaining stain when treated with an acidic solution.

aigéadobach

retaining stain when treated with an acidic solution


extracellular matrix

en-noun

extracellular matrix (plural extracellular matrices)

connective tissue
connective tissue#English

(anatomy, cytology, histology) All the microscopic fibres and other molecular structures that are produced by a particular type of cell but are not part of it (that is, that lie outside its cell membrane), providing support to the cells and often serving as a co-constituent of the tissue that they constitute, especially a connective tissue.


apocrine

From apo- (“away from”) + Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate”).

uder

They observed that apocrine metaplasia often was present in breasts with other "noncancerous proliferative lesions," but they found no significant difference in the frequency of apocrine metaplasia between "cancerous and noncancerous breasts."

2001, Paul Peter Rosen, Rosen's Breast Pathology, page 97:

Lobular cysts as well as micro- and macrocysts are very often lined to a variable extent by apocrine epithelium. Pathologists call this condition apocrine metaplasia, meaning a transformation of the normal epithelial cells into sweat-gland-like cells similar to those found in the apocrine glands of the vulva, eyelid, and external auditory canal.

2003, Marton Lanyi, Mammography: Diagnosis and Morphological Analysis, page 64:

Apocrine glands are distributed throughout the body but are present in greatest abundance in the axilla, followed by the anogenital region.

2011, Jivko A. Kamarashev, “3.2.1: Tumours with Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiation”, in Reinhard Dummer, Mark R. Pittelkow, Keiji Iwatsuki, Adèle Green, Nagwa M. Elwan, editors, Skin Cancer - A World-Wide Perspective, page 128:

Two appreciate what happened, note that sweat glands come in two varieties, apocrine and eccrine.

2016, Joseph Henrich, chapter 5, in The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

(anatomy, biology, histology) Of or pertaining to an apocrine gland or to its mode of secretion, which involves the budding of portions of the secreting cells.

apokriininen

of or pertaining to an apocrine gland or to its mode of secretion


adventitia

en-noun

adventitia (countable and uncountable, plural adventitias)

From the Latin adventitius (“extraneous”).

(anatomy, histology) The outermost layer of epithelial tissue encasing a visceral organ.


iridocyte

(histology) A cell, found in some animals, that is filled with iridescent crystals of guanine


leucophore

From Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white”) + -φόρος (-phóros, “bearing”), a derivative of φέρειν (phérein, “to bear, to carry”).

When the overlying chromatophores are fully contracted, the underlying leucophores reflect the light making the papillae appear “chalky white”.

2006, Luciana Borrelli, Francesca Gherardi, Graziano Fiorito, A Catalogue of Body Patterning in Cephalopoda, page 216:

Leucophores contain purine in leucosomes and are responsible for white pigmentation in adult medaka.

2009, Masato Kinoshita, Kenji Murata, Kiyoshi Naruse, Minoru Tanaka, Medaka: Biology, Management, and Experimental Protocols, page 121:

Iridophores, formerly known also as guanophores (appearing blue, silver, or gold), and leucophores (white or cream) are non-dendritic cells that contain organelles termed reflective platelets, composed of crystallized guanine.

2013, Alberto Lapedriza, Kleio Petratou, Robet N. Kelsh, “14: Neural Crest Cells and Pigmentation”, in Paul Trainor, editor, Neural Crest Cells: Evolution, Development and Disease, page 289:

(histology) Any chromatophore that shows white in reflected light.


merocrine

From mero- (“partial”) + Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate”).

Merocrine cells have several full secretion cycles — the merocrine secretion cell does not die when it secretes into the lumen of the gland.

1982, Vladimir Evgenʹevich Sokolov, Mammal Skin, University of California Press, page 20:

Secretions from glands are produced by merocrine, apocrine and holocrine modes of secretion (Fig. 3.4). In merocrine secretion, membrane bound secretory vesicles are formed and accumulate below the free surface of the cell.[…]There is no loss of cytoplasm in merocrine secretion.

2011, S. M. Kisia, Vertebrates: Structures and Functions, page 53:

The planum rostrale of pigs has tactile (sinus) hairs distributed over the surface and numerous large merocrine sweat glands.

2013, Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere, “16: Integument”, in Jo Ann Eurell, Brian L. Frappier, editors, Dellmann's Textbook of Veterinary Histology, 6th edition, page 338:

(anatomy, biology, histology) Of or pertaining to certain exocrine glands that secrete without major damage to the secretory cells.

eccrine

of or pertaining to certain exocrine glands


immunohistochemical

2015 January 7, “An immunohistochemical study of CD83- and CD1a-positive dendritic cells in the decidua of women with recurrent spontaneous abortion”, in European Journal of Medical Research, archived from the original on 2022-12-02:

(immunology, histology) Of, pertaining to, or by means of immunohistochemistry, the use of immunological techniques to study the chemistry of tissues.


immunohistochemical

(immunology, histology) Any immunological histochemical


immunohistology

(immunology, histology) The application of the techniques of immunology to histology


basement membrane

basement membrane (plural basement membranes)

(anatomy, histology) A thin sheet of fibrous cells that underlies the epithelium.


holocrine

From Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos, “whole, entire”) and κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate”).

uder

The venom glands of teleosts consist of an aggregation of holocrine cells derived from the epidermis but often sunken into the dermis, on either side of a spine, usually of dorsal or pectoral fin.

2004, B. G. Kapoor, Bhavna Khanna, Ichthyology Handbook, page 80:

2007, Galina N. Solntseva, N. N. Dergunova (translator), Teresa Ott (linguistic editor), Morphology of the Auditory and Vestibular Organs in Mammals, with Emphasis on Marine Species, page 42,
In Chiroptera and Insectivora, the holocrine glands can form glandular complexes.

The holocrine gland is the least common type. After the cell fills with secretory material, the entire holocrine gland cell discharges to the lumen of the gland to constitute the secretion. Sebaceous glands associated with hair follicles of the skin are the most common holocrine glands.

2013, Rowen D. Frandson, W. Lee Wilke, Anna Dee Fails, Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, page 11:

(anatomy, biology, histology) Of or relating to a mode of secretion in some exocrine glands in which the plasma membrane ruptures, releasing the cell's cytoplasm into the lumen of the gland.


histoneurology

(histology, neurology) Synonym of neurohistology


neurohistology

(histology, neurology) Histology of the nervous system.


lysotracker

CellLight ER and GA labelled with GFP, and lysotracker green DND-26 were then incubated to the cells to track the co-localisation of aptamers with ER, GA and lysosomes respectively, and fixed using 4% PFA. The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue).

2015 August 8, “Selective Targeting to Glioma with Nucleic Acid Aptamers”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(histology) Any of a range of fluorescent dyes used to stain lysosomes


cumulus oophorus

en-noun

cumulus oophorus (plural cumuli oophori)

(histology) A cluster of cells surrounding the oocyte in the ovarian follicle and after ovulation.


corona radiata

corona radiata (plural coronae radiatae)

(histology) The innermost layer of cumulus oophorus directly surrounding the zona pellucida.


Wright-Giemsa stain

Wright-Giemsa stain (plural Wright-Giemsa stains)

(histology) A cytological stain used primarily for metaphase chromosomes and differentiation of blood cells


Wright's stain

(histology) A staining technique used primarily for differentiation of blood cells.


pneumatode

From Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma) (breath) and ὁδός (hodós) (pathway)

(botany, histology) A group of cells with spiral secondary wall thickenings, present in a velamen; acts as an airway for gas exchange for respiration or photosynthesis

The roots of palms are characterised by pneumatodes on both underground and aerial roots. These have been supposed to ventilate the underground roots, but direct physiological evidence for this is lacking.

2015, R. H. V. Corley, P. B. H. Tinker, The Oil Palm, Wiley, →ISBN, page 144:

(botany, histology) A group of cells presumed to be specialised as an airway for ventilation of particular tissues.


myxochondroid

en-adj

myxochondroid (comparative more myxochondroid, superlative most myxochondroid)

more myxochondroid (comparative)
most myxochondroid (superlative)

(histopathology, medicine) Of or pertaining to a myxochondroma; myxochondromatous.

(histopathology, medicine) Resembling a myxochondroma; apparently/seemingly myxochondromatous, either as a provisional identification or as a known difference.


neurohistological

(histology, neurology) Relating to neurohistology


immunofluorohistochemistry

(immunology, histology) A combination of immunofluorometry and histochemistry


histolopathological

(histology, pathology) histological and pathological


histobacteriological

(bacteriology, histology) histological and bacteriological