wheel arrangement

wheel arrangement (plural wheel arrangements)

Among tank engines, the 0-6-2 wheel arrangement was by far the most numerous, there being nearly 450 of this arrangement, which offers the advantage of good power and adhesive weight, coupled with adequate tank and bunker capacity, within a limited compass.

1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 161:

Milwaukee Road revived the 4-4-2 type and gave the wheel arrangement its finest hour in 1935 when 7-foot-drivered oil-burners pioneered the Hiawatha.

1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 42, photo caption:

(rail transport) A system of classifying the way the driving wheels and non-driving wheels are distributed under a locomotive.


time freight

en-noun

time freight (countable and uncountable, plural time freights)

No. 92 is drifting down into Burlington with time freight in 1946.

1959, Steam's Finest Hour, edited by David P. Morgan, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 14 (photo caption)

(rail transport, US, uncountable) Freight for movement on regularly scheduled trains providing expedited service and a guaranteed delivery time.


transmissioned

(automotive, in combination) Having a specified kind of transmission.


BNSF

(rail transport) BNSF Railway, formerly named the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway, which was formed in a merger from Burlington Northern Railroad and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway in 1996.


LNER

London North Eastern Railway
w:London North Eastern Railway

(rail transport, British) Initialism of London North Eastern Railway.

London and North Eastern Railway
w:London and North Eastern Railway

(rail transport, British, historical) Initialism of London and North Eastern Railway.


coal train

Some interesting facts have recently been made known by the L.N.E.R. concerning the 178-ton Garratt 2-8-0 + 0-8-2 engine No. 2395, which since construction in 1925 has spent the whole of its working life banking coal trains up the 3 miles of 1 in 40 between Wentworth junction and West Silkstone, on the Worsborough branch, near Barnsley.

1942 March, “Notes and News: Locomotive Notes”, in Railway Magazine, page 93:

Out in Ohio on test on level, tangent track a single 2-6-6-6 once moved a 160-car, 14.083-ton coal train to 19 miles per hour from a standing start in 1 mile and 6 minutes, and had it rolling 29 miles per hour within a total elapsed time of 11 minutes.

1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 61:

One of the biggest flows of traffic through Trent consists of coal trains from Toton to Castle Donington or Willington power stations (on the Castle Donington branch) or to the Birmingham area, with two or three trains to Chaddesden.

1961 March, Warren Smith, “The problems of train regulation - a study of operation at Trent”, in Trains Illustrated, page 169:

(rail transport) a freight train which carries a single commodity: coal.


loading gauge

In Russia, where experiments on a considerable scale have been made with condensing, the railways have the considerable advantage of a loading gauge 17 ft. high (the biggest in the world), as compared with the British 13 ft. or slightly over.

1946 January and February, “The Why and The Wherefore: Condensing Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 62:

The total of wagons generally conforming to Continental standards but specially built to our loading gauge so that they are capable of use on the ferry routes is now 8,000.

1960 March, “Talking of Trains: London-Paris in four hours”, in Trains Illustrated, page 134:

The coaches are similar to those of the Hampshire diesel-electric units, which went into service in September, 1957, but have 8ft 6in wide bodies, instead of 9ft, because of loading gauge limitations on the South Eastern Division.

1962 December, “The Oxted Line diesel-electric multiple-units”, in Modern Railways, page 383:

But there is a continuing distinction between the loading gauge (the size of the trains) of the deep-level Tube trains and the loading gauge of the cut-and-cover trains. The latter are bigger - as big as main-line trains.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 33:

(rail transport, UK) The maximum permitted height and width for a rail vehicle, governed by clearances in tunnels, under bridges and past lineside structures.

(rail transport) A physical structure, often a metal frame above a railroad track, to check the maximum height and width of a vehicle.


mail clerk

Flange-stacked and cone-nosed, a Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis J-3 4-8-4 gives the mail clerks a look at the trim Alco as she leads the Dixie Limited out of Smyrna, Ga.

1959, Steam's Finest Hour, edited by David P. Morgan, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 74 (photo caption)

(rail transport) a person who sorts mail in a mail car on a train.


axle loading

Engine designers could and did specify axle loadings in excess of 80,000 pounds.

1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 60:

(transport, rail transport) the weight placed on each axle of a vehicle.


coal pusher

The M-1's had roller bearings on all axles, high-speed Franklin boosters, steam lines, tender coal pushers - all the gadgets one could ask.

1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 71:

(rail transport) a device used to push coal forward in the tender of a steam locomotive.


bridge route

A decade later D&H began buying fast, high-horsepower locomotives in the interest of lucrative bridge-route traffic.

1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 34:

(rail transport, US) a railroad which provides a link from one major carrier (railroad) to another.


travelling post office

travelling post office (plural travelling post offices)

One of the important railway facilities which disappeared on the outbreak of war was the travelling post office. […] T.P.Os. have now been resumed, with the reinstatement on October 1 of those between Euston and Aberdeen, and between Paddington and Penzanze.

1945 November and December, “Return of the T.P.O.”, in Railway Magazine, pages 311–312:

From its pre-Second World War boom of 130 Travelling Post Offices (TPOs) that sorted mail on the move, Royal Mail has slowly (but progressively) shifted its mail operations to other modes of transport.

2024 July 24, Richard Wilcock, “Royal Mail's switch to road a body blow for rail freight sector”, in RAIL, number 1014, page 26:

(rail transport, UK) A type of railway coach designed for the carriage and sorting of mail en route.


common carrier

Baldwin built the biggest by virtue of its rapport with the U.S. Steel roads. The largest of these properties is the Duluth, Missabe & Iron Range. The Missabe is, to be sure, no granger; indeed DM&IR is only technically a common carrier.

1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 41:

Equally to be expected, in view of the trend of Government legislation and pronouncements over the past few years—but no less epoch-making for that—is the proposal that the railways and canals shall cease to be common carriers and be entirely free to fix their own passenger and freight charges, [...].

1961 December, “Editorial: Führerprinzip for nationalised transport”, in Trains Illustrated, page 705:

The railways were 'common carriers' - they had to move any load they were offered, even if it was uneconomic to do so. Road hauliers could pick and choose their loads.

2021 August 25, Richard Foster, “The rise and fall of railway's Big Four...”, in RAIL, number 938, page 56:

(transport, rail transport) a person or company that undertakes to transport goods for the general public or passengers on regular routes at agreed rates.


mail car

(rail transport, US) a railroad car in which mail is carried and sorted.


locospotter

GRAND EASTER HOLIDAY
LOCOSPOTTERS' EXCURSIONS
from LONDON
on Wednesday April 5th 1961 to
ASHFORD and EASTLEIGH WORKS
Fare: 18/- Under 16; 34/- Adult

1961, March, Trains Illustrated, Ian Allan Ltd., advertisement

(rail transport) a railfan who is interested in locomotives, and notes down those that have been seen (spotted).


kill cord

(nautical) On a small boat, a safety device consisting of a cord attached to the helmsman's leg or arm and linked to an engine cut-out switch, such that the switch is triggered and the boat's engine automatically stopped ("killed") if the helmsman is thrown from his seat.


TSMV

(nautical) Initialism of twin screw motor vessel.


go down with

en-verb

go down with (third-person singular simple present goes down with, present participle going down with, simple past went down with, past participle gone down with)

goes down with (present singular third-person)
going down with (participle present)
went down with (past)
gone down with (participle past)

Edward Smith went down with the Titanic.

(nautical) To die in the sinking of (a ship or boat).


bunkerage

These agencies had been largely engaged in supplying coal for the bunkers of vessels sailing for foreign ports and had accumulated a considerable fund by reason of the fact that the bunkerage premium had been collected on all such coal

1921, United States Fuel Administration, Final Report of the United States Fuel Administrator, 1917-1919:

(nautical) The act of bunkering (loading a vessel with oil or coal)

18 October 2017, Italy busts gang smuggling Zawia diesel to Sicily in Libya Herald
Gazzettinonline reported that the smuggled diesel was in fact low grade and normally used as bunkerage for ships.

(nautical) Oil or coal used for the engine of a vessel


elevated railway

en-noun

elevated railway (plural elevated railways)

(rail transport) a rapid transit railway with tracks above street level on a viaduct or other elevated structure


trunklid

(automotive) The lid of the trunk of a car.


USMCA

en:United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)

NAFTA

North American Free Trade Agreement; predecessor to USMCA

FTA

United States-Canada Free Trade Agreement; predecessor to NAFTA

(transport) The United Nations LOCODE for McAdoo, Pennsylvania, USA


muzzle-bag

(nautical, historical) A canvas bag fixed to the muzzle of a gun at sea, to keep out water.


plate ship

Nor had the English Nation any Benefit of the Two Ships taken by Blake in September 1656 off the Coast of Spain; where one was sunk, another burnt, and two broke to pieces on the Shoar; so that of eight Plate Ships, but two got into Cadiz:

1697, Roger Coke, chapter 2, in A Detection of the Court and State of England during the Four Last Reigns and the Inter-Regnum, London: Andrew Bell, page 388:

1742, Lord Cholmondeley, Debate on Trade and Navigation, 1 June, 1742, in Samuel Johnson (editor), Debates in Parliament, London: John Stockdale, 1787, Volume 2, p. 219,
By serving the merchants, they […] enjoy the prospect of a near and certain advantage; they have not indeed any expectations of being suddenly enriched by a plate ship, and of gaining by one engagement such wealth as will enable them to spend the rest of their lives in ease and affluence; but they are sure of a speedy payment of their wages […]

1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica” in Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, p. xlix,
[…] Sir William Phipps […] had discovered the wreck of a Spanish plate ship that had been stranded in 1659, on a shoal to the north east of Hispaniola. By the efforts of skilful divers sent out in sloops from Jamaica, twenty-six tons of silver were said to be recovered.

She carries not only the West Indies pay chests but also the money for the regiments in the north—in fact she’s as rich as a plate ship—and all good English money too—

1948, Andre Norton, chapter 14, in Scarface, New York: Harcourt, Brace, page 198:

(nautical, historical) A galleon, especially a Spanish one, carrying a cargo of precious metals and other treasure.


well-boat

They [the "Hollanders", that is, Dutch] have One Hundred Dogger-Boats, of One Hundred and Fifty Tuns a piece, or thereabouts: Seaven Hundred Pincks and Well-Boats, from Sixty to One Hundred Tuns a piece; which altogether fiſh upon the Coaſts of England and Scotland, for Cod and Ling only; [...]

1695, [Company of the Royal Fishery of England], “A Collection, with Some Observations, Touching the Royal Fishery of Great Britain and Ireland. [First, Increase of Shipping.]”, in A Collection of Advertisements, Advices, and Directions, Relating to the Royal Fishery within the British Seas, &c. […], London: Printed for H.M. and are to be sold by J. Whitlock […], →OCLC, page 21:

In our way we overtook a great Jonk that came from Palimbam, a Town on the Iſland Sumatra: [...] This Veſſel was of the Chineſe make, full of little Rooms or Partitions like our Well-boats, [...]

1699, William Dampier, chapter XIV, in A New Voyage Round the World. […], 4th corrected edition, volume I, London: Printed for James Knapton, […], →OCLC, page 401:

[T]hough the people fiſhed ever ſo often, they could never find any ſigns of lobſters being in this part of the ſea: they were therefore continually brought in great wellboats from New England, where they are plentiful; but it happened that one of theſe wellboats broke in pieces near Hellgate, about ten Engliſh miles from New York, and all the lobſters in it got off. Since that time they have ſo multiplied in this part of the ſea, that they are now caught in the greateſt abundance.

1748 November 11, Peter Kalm [i.e., Pehr Kalm], “October the 31st [1748; Julian calendar]”, in translated by John Reinhold Forster [i.e., Johann Reinhold Forster], Travels into North America; Containing Its Natural History, and a Circumstantial Account of Its Plantations and Agriculture in General, […] Translated into English […], volume I, Warrington, Cheshire: Printed by William Eyres, published 1770, →OCLC, page 241:

VIII. And it be further enacted by the Authority aforeſaid, That no Live Salmon, Salmon Trout, Turbot, Large Freſh Cod, Half Freſh Cod, Haddock, Seate, Freſh Ling, Soles or Whitings, ſhall at any Time after the Arrival thereof at the Nore as aforeſaid be put into any Well Boat or Store Boat from or out of any ſuch Fishing Ship, Sloop, Smack or other Fiſhing Veſſel or Veſſels as aforeſaid, in which the ſame ſhall have been brought to the Nore; [...]

1759, “Cap. XXVII. An Act to Repeal so Much of an Act Passed in the Twenty-ninth Year of His Present Majesty’s Reign, Concerning a Free Market for Fish at Westminster, […]”, in [Owen Ruffhead], editor, The Statutes at Large, from the Thirtieth Year of the Reign of King George the Second to the End of the Second Year of the Reign of King George the Third. […], volume VIII, London: Printed for Mark Basket, […], and by the assigns of Robert Basket; [a]nd by Henry Woodfall and William Strahan, […], published 1764, →OCLC, page 474:

And the rivers are moſt of them very full of fiſh, eſpecially in the back country, to which parties are made in boats with nets; in which excurſions ſhooting is joined: the fiſh they take are brought home alive in well-boats, and put into their ſtores: [...]

1775, “an American” [pseudonym; John Mitchell or Arthur Young?], chapter XIII, in American Husbandry. Containing an Account of the Soil, Climate, Production and Agriculture, of the British Colonies in North-America and the West-Indies; […] In Two Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for J[ohn] Bew, […], →OCLC, page 187:

Where circumstances permit, they [the fish] are in general used in a fresh state; and even in large cities, where the supply must be brought from a distance, various expedients are resorted to, to prevent the progress of putrefaction. By far the best contrivance for this purpose is the well-boat, in which fish may be brought to the place of sale even in a living state.

1822, John Fleming, “Fishes”, in The Philosophy of Zoology; or A General View of the Structure, Functions, and Classification of Animals. … In Two Volumes, volume II, Edinburgh: Printed [by P[atrick] Neill] for Archibald Constable & Co. […]; London: Hurst, Robinson & Co., →OCLC, page 371:

When taken, the crabs are kept alive in well[-]boats, until wanted.

1867, J[ohn] G[eorge] Wood, “The Crustacea”, in The Boy’s Own Book of Natural History, London, New York, N.Y.: George Routledge and Sons, […], →OCLC, page 333:

A well boat or small vessel with a water compartment, to which sea water has access, is ideal for the transportation of marine specimens. There are many such vessels in use along the Atlantic coast wherever it is customary to carry fishes and lobsters to market alive. [...] The New York Aquarium has a well boat for this work, which permits great extension of the collecting field and gives excellent results.

1928, Charles Haskins Townsend, “Collecting the Specimens”, in The Public Aquarium: Its Construction, Equipment, and Management: Appendix VII to the Report of the U.S. Commissioner of Fisheries for 1928 (Bureau of Fisheries Document; no. 1045), Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC; in Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries for the Fiscal Year 1928 with Appendixes: In Two Parts, part I, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1929, →OCLC, page 284:

Inland transport of live cod is a far cheaper method than wellboat transport. On the other hand the psychological stress on the fish is much higher and it can by no means be compared with wellboat transport in this field.

1970, Robert M. Howland, Gertrude Kavanagh, editors, Sport Fishery Abstracts: An Abstracting Service for Fishery Research and Management, volume 15, number 1, Narragansett, R.I.: Narragansett Marine Game Fish Laboratory, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior, →ISSN, →OCLC, paragraph 12110, pages 200–201:

We had to intercept, load, and run the shipment to our smaller, faster T-Crafts and well boats waiting near the shore to take it to a stash house. A typical job for us.

2015 April, Tim McBride, with Ralph Berrier, Jr., Saltwater Cowboy: The Rise and Fall of a Marijuana Empire, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, page 34:

Another good example of the development of the specialized service supplier is the wellboats industry. ASENAV (a firm located in Valdivia, Los Rios region), a manufacturer of marine vessels, undertook the production of wellboats with up to 800-ton capacity for the transport of salmon.

2016, Michiko Iizuka, Pedro Roje, Valentina Vera, “The Development of Salmon Agriculture in Chile into an Internationally Competitive Industry: 1985–2007”, in Akio Hosono, Michiko Iizuka, Jorge Katz, editors, Chile’s Salmon Industry: Policy Challenges in Managing Public Goods, Tokyo: Springer Japan, →ISBN, section 3.2 (The Expansion of Intermediate Inputs and Services Suppliers), page 86:

(nautical) A fishing vessel designed to carry live fish in a tank or well.


head reach

(nautical) The distance to windward traversed by a vessel while tacking.


cargon

Each traverser carries two flat trays known as "cargons". These have wheels set into their undersides, and two cargons — each roughly 16 ft. long and holding some three tons of miscellaneous freight — together fill the hold of a Bristol Freighter.

1952, “New Zealand Air Ferry”, in Air Pictorial and Air Reserve Gazette, volume 14, Air League of the British Empire, page 358:

Freight shippers are being urged to use trucks without trays, so that the cargon itself provides a combined tray and load that can be replaced by one withdrawn from an incoming aircraft.

1954 April, “Belt on Wheels Loads Air Cargo”, in Popular Mechanics, volume 101, number 4, page 147:

For all SAFE'S freight-carrying, the basic equipment is the cargon (for New Zealand Railways) and the cargonette (for NAC). Both are made of lightweight aluminium, the cargonette being one quarter the size of the cargon.

The load is made up in the freight depot and stowed and tied down on flooring with rollers underneath, known as cargons. The complete load on its linked set of cargons is then transported to the aerodrome by road.

1968, Ronald Trevor Alexander, High Adventure: From Balloons to Boeings in New Zealand, New Zealand National Airways Corporation, page 72:

An unusual feature of the dairy is the use of 'cargons' — wheeled metal pallets that hold a stack of crates and enable them to be handled both in the dairy and at the depots without having to use fork lift trucks.

1984, Dairy Industries International, volume 49, United Trade Press, page 17:

Engineers from New Zealand Government Railways then worked with SAFE to create the cargon system, a pallet and transfer system to speed up the loading and unloading process.

2012, Keith McCloskey, Airwork: A History, The History Press:

(New Zealand, transport) A type of wheeled pallet used for movement of goods without the need of a forklift.


day shape

It would be a very simple matter to include with each keyboard, whether for night signal sets or day semaphores, a small vertical panel with miniature reproductions of the night lanterns in their proper color and position, and of the day shapes in proper order; these last to be made by illuminating a circular aperture containing a darkened glass disc with the figure of the shape in white.

1903, Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute, volume 29, page 425:

International Rule 25(e) requires the use of a cone, with point downward, as a day shape on all sailing vessels using machinery for propulsion while its sails are up.

2006, Elbert S. Maloney, Chapman Piloting & Seamanship, page 145:

(nautical) Any of a set of simple geometric shapes that are hung from a mast and visually indicate the status of a vessel to other vessels.


CBG

CBG (countable and uncountable, plural CBGs)

carrier battle group
carrier battle group#English

(countable, military, nautical, aviation) Initialism of carrier battle group.


hospital corpsman

hospital corpsman (plural hospital corpsmen)

(military, US, nautical) A member of a hospital corps, typically an enlisted navy sailor, often working at military hospitals.


CVPI

Crown Victoria Police Interceptor#English

(US, automotive, law enforcement) Initialism of Crown Victoria Police Interceptor.


hospitalman

(military, US, nautical) A seaman who is also a hospital corpsman.


steering wheel spinner

steering wheel spinner (plural steering wheel spinners)

steering wheel spinner knob
steering wheel spinner knob#English

(automotive) Synonym of steering wheel spinner knob


steering wheel spinner knob

steering wheel spinner knob (plural steering wheel spinner knobs)

(automotive) An adapted driving device that attaches a spinnable knob to the steering wheel, allowing free spinning for those who can only grip the wheel with one limb, to be well attached to the wheel and allow the wheel to turn fully while gripped.


spinner knob

(automotive) Ellipsis of steering wheel spinner knob.


RTI

RTI (countable and uncountable, plural RTIs)

ramp travel index
ramp travel index#English

(automotive) Initialism of ramp travel index. (a measure of offroad performance)


crawl control

(automotive) Slow cruise control for off-roading.


headsheet

Hilloa, the periagua !” it cried. “ Haul over your headsheet, and jam the tiller down into the lap of that comfortable-looking old gentleman.

1873, James Fenimore Cooper, The Water-witch Or the Skimmer of the Seas: A Tale, page 37:

Why don't you haul your headsheet to windward and Starboard your tiller.

1914, Happy Days: A Paper for Young and Old - Issues 1051-1100, page 33:

There has been great controversy as to the position in the barge in which the last reel was deposited. The plaintiff says that it was only some 2 or 3 ft. from the headsheet, and that it was in the centre line between aft and forward of the barge.

1960, J. A Edwards, Henry Patten Henley, Lloyd's List Law Reports - Volume 2, page 658:


house-flag

Her house-flag was flying, and her whistle from time to time acknowledged the salutes of friendly boats, who saw that she was new to the High and Narrow Seas and wished to make her welcome.

1899, Rudyard Kipling, The Day's Work, page 84:

And when the house-flag fluttered half-way to the deck and climbed again to the masthead, the soul of Hector McKaye would thrill.

2008, Peter B. Kyne, Kindred of the Dust, →ISBN, page 1:

No more dignified ship than the Queen Victoria flies the house-flag of any British line.

2012, John Dickson Carr, The Blind Barber, →ISBN:

(nautical) A flag that uniquely identifies the company that owns or, occasionally, that operates a ship.


Dutchman's log

(nautical, historical) Any early device for measuring the speed of a moving ship, where a sailor threw a floating object overboard and used a sandglass to measure the time it took to pass between two points on deck.


set the land

en-verb

set the land (third-person singular simple present sets the land, present participle setting the land, simple past and past participle set the land)

sets the land (present singular third-person)
setting the land (participle present)
set the land (participle past)
set the land (past)

(nautical) To observe by the compass how the shore bears from the ship.


beam sea

(nautical) A sea whose waves come from abeam and roll against the ship's side. The waves strike the ship beam-on.


bear away

bear away (third-person singular simple present bears away, present participle bearing away, simple past bore away, past participle borne away)

bears away (present singular third-person)
bearing away (participle present)
bore away (past)
borne away (participle past)


staff system

(rail transport, historical) A block system in use on single-line railways, in which the stationmaster gives the driver a staff authorizing the driver to proceed over a given portion of track.


headchair

I desire to be understood'as disclaimin g the broad features, first, of making a railway headchair with bearing-cheeks of different heights, one for the flange and the other for the tread of a car-wheel, whereby, in passing over theswitch on either the main or the side track rail, the wheel will have bearing upon respective cheek of the chair; and, second, of providing such side bearings with detachable wearing surfaces, either inclined, plane, or grooved.

1878, Specifications and Drawings of Patents Issued from the U.S. Patent Office:

The defendant's roadmaster testified that the flanges of the car wheels would constantly wear the blocking until it got beyond their reach; that frequently the blocking was split the same day that it was put in; and that in the course of two or three days the blocking would be worn down, through its entire length, so that its surface would be practically level with the headchair, which was two inches below the surface of the rail, and an inch and a quarter below the bottom of the head of the rail.

1895, Michigan Reports: Cases Decided in the Supreme Court of Michigan:

(railways) Part of a block switch on a railway line that the ends of the moveable rails rest on, and to which the stationary rails are attached.


gallows-bitts

(nautical) A frame fixed in a ship's deck to support spare spars.

sparrachroch

a frame fixed in a ship's deck to support spare spars


upgear

upgear (third-person singular simple present upgears, present participle upgearing, simple past and past participle upgeared)

upgears (present singular third-person)
upgearing (participle present)
upgeared (participle past)
upgeared (past)

The air-cooled two-cylinder engine is less obtrusive than one might expect, thanks to vacuum control which automatically upgears the car and holds down the speed of the 746-cc engine.

(transitive, intransitive, automotive) To shift to a higher gear


drag-chain

(railways) The chain that connects together engine and tender, or carriages and wagons.


dead-rope

(nautical) A rope not running in any block.


unrep

en-noun

unrep (countable and uncountable, plural unreps)

(nautical, military) The act of taking on fuel without putting into port.


unrep

en-verb

unrep (third-person singular simple present unreps, present participle unrepping, simple past and past participle unrepped)

unreps (present singular third-person)
unrepping (participle present)
unrepped (participle past)
unrepped (past)

(intransitive, nautical, military) To take on fuel without putting into port.


studdingsail

(nautical) A sail attached to the side of another in a square-rigged ship in order to increase the speed of the vessel.


spike plank

(obsolete, nautical) A platform before the mizzenmast of a vessel, used in Arctic voyages so that a sailor standing on it can see further ahead and pilot the ship out of the ice.


bottle chart

(obsolete, nautical) A chart purporting to show the track of sealed bottles thrown from ships into the sea, based on its currents.


train ferry

Pack ice, at times mounting to a height of 35 ft., snow, fog, and floating mines all played their part in the disorganisation of railway services, and most of the train ferry services were completely suspended for a month or more; [...].

1940 May, “Overseas Railways: Icebound Denmark”, in Railway Magazine, page 302:

Even without the Channel tunnel, British Railways carry on a substantial exchange of traffic with the Continent by the various train ferries, which handle some 500,000 tons of cargo annually.

1960 March, “Talking of Trains: London-Paris in four hours”, in Trains Illustrated, page 134:

(nautical, rail transport) A ferry used to transport rail vehicles from one railway line to another across a stretch of water.


rail spike

The company use on the outside of both rails, on all sharp curves, a cast iron brace nearly the same height as the rail, and secured to tie with three rail spikes.

1887, Fourth Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners of the State of New York, page 147:

(rail transport) A type of large nail with an offset head used to fasten a rail or base plate to a wooden railroad tie/sleeper.

犬釘

a large nail used to fasten a rail base plate to a tie/sleeper


bumper jack

On level ground a safer alternative to the ordinary bumper jack is the kind with one or more legs.

1971 April, “Buy an auto jack that won’t let you down”, in Changing Times, The Kiplinger Magazine:

For us old timers; I removed their bumper jack. I placed the base under the back bumper and inserted the long notched pole into it.

2012, Larry Wade Livingston, “Thank you; but!”, in Short Stories from My Heart, page 57:

(automotive, largely historical) A jack designed to lift a car by its bumper.


SPAR

Coordinate term: SPAD

(rail transport, UK) Initialism of signal passed at red.


yield line

(traffic) a line instructing people to allow people, whose paths cross theirs and who have right of way, to move first


rhumb sailing

(nautical) The course of a vessel keeping straight on a rhumb line.


sheer hulk

(nautical, historical) An old dismasted ship with a pair of shear legs mounted on it for masting ships.


ratline stuff

(nautical) Tarred rope from which ratlines are made.


clinker-work

(nautical) clinker-built work on a vessel


traction motor

The diesel engines and traction equipment from S.R. multiple-units and traction motors from electric trains are also overhauled at Eastleigh.

1961 March, C. P. Boocock, “The organisation of Eastleigh Locomotive Works”, in Trains Illustrated, page 159:

(transport) An electric motor used for the propulsion of a vehicle, such as a tram, trolleybus, electric or diesel-electric locomotive or train.


break-of-gauge station

en-noun

break-of-gauge station (plural break-of-gauge stations)

(rail transport) a railway station where railways of different track gauges meet, and where transhipment of goods and passengers takes place. Some of these stations have a bogie changing facility.


break of gauge

The first through consignment ever to travel to Russia by way of the Eastern Region's Harwich-Zeebrugge train ferry - two tons of furniture and other household items - left London early in March on a 1,850-mile journey to Moscow; [...] being transferred to a Russian wagon at the Polish frontier because of the break of gauge.

1960 May, “Talking of Trains: News in brief”, in Trains Illustrated, page 265:

(rail transport) an occurrence where a railway with one track gauge meets another railway of a different gauge, thus requiring transhipment of goods and passengers, or a change of bogies on the train.


stakebed

(automotive, often attributive) A kind of flatbed truck equipped with sockets to hold stakes so as to enclose the loaded goods.


fife-rail

(nautical) The rail round the mainmast for belaying pins.


GTR

Grant Road railway station
w:Grant Road railway station

(rail transport) The station code of Grant Road railway station in India.


royal mast

(nautical) The fourth and highest part of the mast from the deck, commonly made in one piece with the topgallant mast.


drift sail

(nautical) A sail immersed in the water, used for lessening the drift of a vessel during a storm.


have way

en-verb

have way (third-person singular simple present has way, present participle having way, simple past and past participle had way)

has way (present singular third-person)
having way (participle present)
had way (participle past)
had way (past)

(nautical) Of a vessel: to be under way; to be moving or making progress.


heave in view

heave in view (third-person singular simple present heaves in view, present participle heaving in view, simple past hove in view, past participle hove in view or hoven in view)

heaves in view (present singular third-person)
heaving in view (participle present)
hove in view (past)
hove in view (participle past)
hoven in view (participle past)

1864, Reverend H. Eastman, in a letter to A. Lincoln, An Acrostic
Ho! The haven of rest is now heaving in view
And the calm shall succeed where the winds fiercely blew.


open order

(nautical) A naval formation in which ships are four cables'-length (2880 feet) apart.


gamber

(nautical) A curve in the keel of a ship


storm sail

(nautical) A sail of the strongest canvas, for use in stormy weather.


storm stay

(nautical) A stay on which a storm sail is set.


pilot flag

(nautical) The flag hoisted at the fore by a vessel needing a pilot.


bimode

(rail transport) Of a train: designed to be powered either by electricity or by a diesel generator (on unelectrified track).


Asian utility vehicle

en-noun

Asian utility vehicle (plural Asian utility vehicles)

sport utility vehicle
sport utility vehicle

(chiefly Philippines, automotive) A light four-wheel vehicle based on sport utility vehicles. created for commercial usage.


LSPI

LSPI (countable and uncountable, plural LSPIs)

low-speed pre-ignition
low-speed pre-ignition#English

(automotive) Initialism of low-speed pre-ignition.


raft port

(nautical) A square hole in some ships for convenience in loading and unloading timber.


flag-hopping

flags of convenience
flag of convenience

(nautical) The unethical practice of registering a vessel under a series of different flags of convenience so as to circumvent regulations etc.


rough book

Synonym of notebook, especially
(nautical) A rough logbook.

Synonym of notebook, especially
A rough logbook.


sliding keel

(nautical) An oblong frame let down vertically through the bottom of a vessel in order to deepen the draught and sustain against a side wind.


sidepipe

(automotive) An exhaust pipe which exhausts to the side of the vehicle.


factory ship

(nautical) a vessel, usually part of a fleet, which processes catches of fish or whales while at sea


stay tackle

(nautical) A large hoisting tackle fixed by a pendant to the mainstay of a ship.


scrollhead

(nautical) An ornamental piece at the bow of a vessel.


storm card

(nautical) A sailor's chart showing from the direction of the wind the ship's position in relation to the eye of a storm, and accordingly the proper course to be taken.


cargo liner

(nautical) A cargo ship in liner service which carries a small number of passengers, typically limited to 12 to avoid the requirement for the ship to carry a doctor.


head unit

(automotive) The interface and front fascia of a car audio system, entertainment or infotainment unit.

(automotive, by extension) The entire dash unit of a car audio, entertainment or infotainment system.

(automotive, by restriction) The in-dash control box, excluding the dash-mounted interaction screen.


training ship

(nautical) a ship, often a sailing ship, used to train people as sailors


wing-and-wing

(nautical) Sailing a square-rigged vessel before the wind with studding sails on both sides.

(nautical) Sailing a fore-and-aft-rigged vessel before the wind with the mainsail and a headsail on different sides (in goose wing position).

purjeet virsikirjalla

sailing mainsail and headsails on different sides


Sherman necktie

Sherman necktie (plural Sherman neckties)

/ˈʃɜːmən ˈnɛktaɪ/

From Sherman, the surname of Union Army general William Tecumseh Sherman (1820–1891) + necktie. During the American Civil War, Sherman ordered the destruction of the rails of railways in order to obstruct the Confederate States Army.

We were compelled to go by carriage, as the railroads had been destroyed, the fat-pine cross-ties burned to heat the rails and the red-hot rails wrapped around the trees growing near the track. We used to call these iron rails "Sherman's neckties," and the solemn-looking chimneys standing guard over the former sites of once happy homes were called by the natives "Sherman's monuments."

[1917, James Morris Morgan, chapter XXVIII, in Recollections of a Rebel Reefer, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company […], →OCLC, page 244:

As the Democrats met in Chicago to declare the war a failure, northern soldiers 700 miles away were making "Sherman neckties" out of the last open railroad into Atlanta by heating the rails over a bonfire of ties and twisting the iron around trees.

1988, James M. McPherson, “We are Going to be Wiped Off the Earth”, in Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (The Oxford History of the United States; 6), New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN; paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2003, →ISBN, page 774:

I break camp and push down the road to the tiny town of Lithonia. It was here that [William Tecumseh] Sherman saw the first homes on the March to the Sea go up in flames as his men wrecked the railroad, twisting the iron rails into Sherman's Neckties.

1995, Jerry Ellis, chapter 11, in Marching through Georgia: My Walk with Sherman, New York, N.Y.: Delacorte Press, →ISBN; Marching through Georgia: My Walk along Sherman’s Route, paperback edition, Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press, 2002, →ISBN, page 74:

Sherman's army cut a swath of destruction fifty miles wide as it marched leisurely through Georgia without any meaningful Confederate resistance. The men destroyed nearly all property in their path, famously twisting railroad tracks around tree trunks—"Sherman neckties"—so they would never be usable again.

2006, Christopher J. Olsen, “Confederate Families at War in 1864–1865”, in The American Civil War: A Hands-on History, New York, N.Y.: Hill and Wang, →ISBN; paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Hill and Wang, 2007, →ISBN, page 214:

Sherman, however, had grown to hate the Confederate trains running into Atlanta almost as much as the armies behind the city's earthworks. He declared, "Let the destruction be so thorough that not a rail or tie can be used again." The troops had a two-day-long Sherman necktie party.

2009, Marc [Josef] Wortman, “The First Bonfire”, in The Bonfire: The Siege and Burning of Atlanta, New York, N.Y.: PublicAffairs, →ISBN, part VI (War is Cruelty, and You Cannot Refine It), page 306:

The Road to Tara Museum had a lot of Gone with the Wind and almost no Sherman, except for one twisted Sherman's necktie.

2014, Anne Sarah Rubin, “Conclusion: Rubin’s March”, in Through the Heart of Dixie: Sherman’s March and American Memory, Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, page 232:

(US, rail transport, historical, chiefly in the plural) A segment of rail that has been heated and twisted into a loop, as a means of destroying a railway.

Confederate States Army
Fort McAllister Historic State Park
Union Army
William Tecumseh Sherman


smart motorway

(UK, transport) A section of motorway that uses active traffic management (ATM) techniques to increase capacity by use of variable speed limits and hard-shoulder running at busy times.


managed motorway

managed motorway (plural managed motorways)

(UK, transport) Former name of smart motorway.


slip lane

(UK, Australia, transport) A short one-way lane allowing traffic to turn onto the cross street at an intersection without entering the intersection.


clock calm

(nautical) The condition of a perfectly flat sea with no waves and no wind.


cross-sill

(railways) A railroad sleeper lying under the rails transversely as a support to the stringer.


return tag

(railways, historical) A tag attached to a railway car as evidence of its due arrival.


hawse timber

(nautical) Any of the upright timbers in the bow in which the hawseholes are cut.


JDM

(automotive) Initialism of Japanese domestic market. (referring to parts available only in Japan)


EDR

EDR (countable and uncountable, plural EDRs)

The US has proposed broader use of EDRs to help improve vehicle safety, while the European Union is now looking at legislation concerning the EDR and access to the data contained within.

2021 November 12, “Ensure cars record driving data to prevent traffic accidents”, in South China Morning Post, retrieved 2021-12-09:

(automotive) Initialism of event data recorder.


engine shed

Modern engine sheds of advanced design have also been built at Radyr, Abercynon, and elsewhere, whilst other depots have been remodelled and re-equipped.

1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 161:

Tons of engine sheds would bite the dust with the end of steam, and many would be demolished with their time in the spotlight over. We're lucky that the one at Didcot survived into preservation.

2021 December 29, Stephen Roberts, “Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Didcot (1932)”, in RAIL, number 947, page 61:

(rail transport, dated) A building for housing railway locomotives.


head pump

(nautical) A small pump at a ship's bows to raise seawater for washing decks.


twin screw

(nautical) A vessel with two propellers on separate shafts.


twiddling line

(nautical, historical) A piece of small rope for steadying the steering wheel.

(nautical, historical) A string attached to a compass-gimbal, by which the compass card may be started so as to play freely.


throat halyard

(nautical) A halyard for hoisting the throat of a gaff.


throat brail

(nautical) A brail attached to the gaff for trussing up the sail close to the gaff as well as the mast.


main deck

(nautical) The deck below the spar deck.


flush deck

(nautical) A deck that is continuous from stem to stern at the same level.


Job One

These hand-built creations come to life long before the first production example (“Job One”) even begins its journey down the production line.

2017, Greg Kolasa, 1968 Shelby Mustang GT350, GT500 and GT500KR:

Three weeks later, at the Job One ceremony to mark the start of Neon production at Belvidere, Eaton said Chrysler would indeed develop a right-hand-drive version of the car.

2013, Paul Ingrassia, Joseph B. White, Comeback: The Fall & Rise of the American Automobile Industry:

(automotive) The first finished, saleable car of a new model to come off the production line.


monkey pump

(nautical, slang, historical) A straw inserted through a gimlet-hole into a cask for the purpose of covertly taking sips of the contents.


monkey bag

(nautical, slang, historical) A sailor's small money bag, worn around the neck.


log-glass

(nautical, historical) A sandglass used with the logline to ascertain the speed of a ship.


log chip

(nautical) The board, in the form of a quadrant, attached to a logline.


log slate

(nautical) A double slate, marked and ruled on the inside, for recording the log.


log reel

(nautical) A reel on which the logline is wound.


liberty ship

Originally used in a speech by then U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt when the first of the ships were launched to emphasize their purpose, and then later spread.

(nautical) A simple, cheap cargo ship built in the United States during World War II.


drop astern

en-verb

drop astern (third-person singular simple present drops astern, present participle dropping astern, simple past and past participle dropped astern)

drops astern (present singular third-person)
dropping astern (participle present)
dropped astern (participle past)
dropped astern (past)

(nautical, intransitive) To pass or move towards the stern.


eye plate

(nautical) A metal plate, either having a hole in it, or a loop protruding from it, that is part of a ship's rigging


untoggle

untoggle (third-person singular simple present untoggles, present participle untoggling, simple past and past participle untoggled)

untoggles (present singular third-person)
untoggling (participle present)
untoggled (participle past)
untoggled (past)

(nautical, transitive) To remove from its fixed position.


edge rail

(railways) A rail designed so that the carriage wheels roll on its edges, being held there by flanges.


culvertailed

(carpentry, nautical, archaic) dovetailed


culvertail

(carpentry, nautical, archaic) A dovetail joint.


drop down

drop down (third-person singular simple present drops down, present participle dropping down, simple past and past participle dropped down)

drops down (present singular third-person)
dropping down (participle present)
dropped down (participle past)
dropped down (past)

(nautical, intransitive) To sail, move, or row down a coast, or down a river to the sea.


long-togs

They laugh at long-togs so, Flask; but seems to me, a Long tailed coat ought always to be worn in all storms afloat. The tails tapering down that way, serve to carry off the water, d'ye see. Same with cocked hats; the cocks form gable-end eave-troughs, Flask.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

(nautical, obsolete) Clothes to be worn when going ashore.


throat-bolt

(nautical) An eyebolt to which to hook the throat halyards.


eventscape

By the 1950s, the eventscapes of Vancouver's Chinatown were indeed becoming mainstream attractions.

2014, Stephen Page, Joanne Connell, The Routledge Handbook of Events, →ISBN, page 406:

Using outdoor spaces for events generates media coverage of identifiable cityscapes and it dramatises them, creating eventscapes.

2015, Andrew Smith, Events in the City: Using public spaces as event venues, →ISBN, page 50:

There are a number of studies of the tourist consumption of cities as eventscapes that illustrate how a European matrix of perfect “citiness” has influenced not only travelers, but city planners, brand-makers, and local politicians, who learned to see their city through the tourist mode of consumption (see Willim 2005; Marling and Zerlang 2007).

2015, Ullrich Kockel, Máiréad Nic Craith, Jonas Frykman, A Companion to the Anthropology of Europe, →ISBN, page 346:

(tourism) A location viewed as the venue for a public event.


pumpout

(nautical) The emptying of a waste from a vessel into a holding tank by means of a pump


Blackwall hitch

en-noun

Blackwall hitch (plural Blackwall hitches)

(nautical) A means of fastening a rope to a hook: a turn of the rope, either the end or the middle, around the hook, having the part the strain is on riding over the loose part, with the bight well up on the back of the hook.


p way

(rail transport, UK) Abbreviation of permanent way.


main belt

(nautical, military) The primary belt of armor protecting the sides of a warship above and slightly below the waterline.


M/T

(nautical) Initialism of motor trawler. A trawler fishing vessel propelled by an internal combustion engine, instead of sails or steam engine

motor trawler

(nautical) Initialism of motor tanker. A tanker vessel, such as an oil tanker, propelled by an internal combustion engine, instead of sails or steam engine


towboard

(nautical) A board, typically fitted with survey equipment, towed behind a vessel


VVA

VVA (countable and uncountable, plural VVAs)

(automotive) Initialism of variable valve actuation.


swinging boom

(nautical) The spar which stretches the foot of a lower studdingsail.


sternboard

(nautical) Backward motion of a ship; loss of way in tacking.


wring-stave

(nautical) One of the strong pieces of wood used in applying wringbolts.


come home

en-verb

come home (third-person singular simple present comes home, present participle coming home, simple past came home, past participle come home)

comes home (present singular third-person)
coming home (participle present)
came home (past)
come home (participle past)

The sport usage was popularised by the 1996 song "Three Lions", which contains the phrase "it's coming home", referring to the UEFA Euro 1996 championship hosted in England, the birthplace of association football.

(nautical, of an anchor) To drag or slip through the ground.


windshield phenomenon

(automotive, entomology, colloquial) The anecdotal observed decrease in the number of insects splattering across windshields during road trips across the years.


tumble in

tumble in (third-person singular simple present tumbles in, present participle tumbling in, simple past and past participle tumbled in)

tumbles in (present singular third-person)
tumbling in (participle present)
tumbled in (participle past)
tumbled in (past)

(nautical) Synonym of tumble home (“to incline inward”)


shank-painter

(nautical) A small rope for fastening the shank of an anchor, when catted, to a ship's side.


latitude by account

en-noun

latitude by account (plural latitudes by account)

(nautical) The latitude calculated from the course and distance sailed since the previous observation.


through traffic

(traffic) Vehicles which are passing through an area without originating or stopping there.

tréthrácht

vehicles which are passing through an area


watch bill

(nautical) A list of the officers and crew of a ship, as divided into watches, with their various stations.


full sail

We were under full sail.

(nautical) The condition of having all sails set (raised).


bus stand

(transport, UK, e.g. in London) a type of bus stop, usually at the terminus of a route, where a bus can wait between journeys. Buses normally do not pick up passengers there, boarding takes place at a designated stop nearby.


derig

en-verb

derig (third-person singular simple present derigs, present participle derigging, simple past and past participle derigged)

derigs (present singular third-person)
derigging (participle present)
derigged (participle past)
derigged (past)

"No way, we have to derig." "Okay. I'll keep paddling." I started untangling lines, pulling in jibsail cloth like a lobster fisherman pulling up a trap.

2002, Eric Stiller, Keep Australia On Your Left: A True Story of an Attempt to Circumnavigate Australia by Kayak, page 106:

(nautical, transitive, intransitive) To remove the rigging from (a vessel, etc.).


balinger

(nautical, historical) A small medieval sea-going ship with oars and sails.


headfast

(nautical) A rope at the bows of a ship used to fasten it to a wharf, etc.


psychocentric

en-adj

psychocentric (comparative more psychocentric, superlative most psychocentric)

more psychocentric (comparative)
most psychocentric (superlative)

The adjective is derived from psycho- (prefix meaning ‘relating to the mind or soul’) + -centric (suffix meaning ‘having a specified object at the centre, or as the focus of attention’). The noun is probably derived from the adjective.
Adjective sense 2 (“of a tourist: tending to avoid adventures and risks”) and the noun sense (“tourist who tends to avoid adventures and risks”) were coined by the American travel researcher Stanley C. Plog in a paper presented to the Southern California Chapter of the Travel Research Association on 10 October 1972, which was later published in February 1974: see the quotation.

coinage

These experts type some aerophobes as psychocentric individuals so self-focused on imaginary problems they have little energy left to enjoy life. Other fearful flyers are stymied by territory-boundedness—an unadventurous spirit.

1972, Cosmopolitan, New York, N.Y.: Hearst Corporation, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 108, column 1:

Members of the near-psychocentric and psychocentric segment, the remaining segment (15–20%), prefer a destination that does not exhibit its foreign culture. These tourists spend all of their time inside tourism complexes, stay for shorter periods of time, and are not big spenders. They are bargain hunters, and look for low-cost vacation spots.

1991, Ugur Yucelt, Phyllis W. Isley, “Marketing of Tourism in a Competitive World Environment”, in Erdener Kaynak, editor, International Marketing: Sociopolitical and Behavioral Aspects, Binghamton, N.Y.: International Business Press, The Haworth Press, →ISBN, section V (Special International Marketing Topics), page 369:

[Stanley C.] Plog (1974, 1990, 1991b) delineated personality types along a continuum ranging from allocentrism to psychocentrism. The psychocentric personality type tends toward territory boundedness, insecurity, and powerlessness. Psychocentric individuals also tend to have non-active lifestyles and are non-adventurous. In contrast, allocentric individuals tend to be self-confident, intellectually curious, and feel in control of their lives.

1995, Robert Madrigal, “Personal Values, Traveler Personality Type, and Leisure Travel Style”, in Journal of Leisure Research, volume 27, number 2, Arlington, Va.: National Recreation and Park Association, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-08-14, page 128:

Remember that whether a tourist is more psychocentric or more allocentric depends on the different motivations and the different destinations chosen by the tourist. The tourist may also oscillate between both psychocentric and allocentric choices. For example, a tourist may choose an allocentric holiday in December to a remote game reserve, but have a psychocentric short break in July to Singapore, where he or she may prefer a package tour and will stick to the touristy areas of town.

2003, “Tourism Motivation and Behaviour”, in Berendien Lubbe, editor, Tourism Management in Southern Africa, Cape Town, Western Cape: Pearson Education South Africa, published 2005, →ISBN, part 2 (The Demand for Tourism), page 38, column 2:

(psychology, tourism) Of a tourist: tending to avoid adventures and risks, preferring the familiar; self-inhibiting.


psychocentric

[A] non-flyer was likely to experience many of these same problems which often resulted in very severely restricted life styles. Basically, we can see that this is a self inhibited, nervous, and non-adventuresome type of person. We call this individual the Psychocentric, from "psyche" meaning "self," and "centric" meaning the centering of one's thoughts or concerns on the small problem areas of one's life.

1974 February, Stanley C. Plog, “Why Destination Areas Rise and Fall in Popularity”, in Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, volume 14, number 4, Ithaca, N.Y.: School of Hotel Administration, Cornell University, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 55, column 2:

Currently, given the high level of visibility ski touring is experiencing, peer influence becomes more of a factor as participants are drawn from the marginally interested population and the "psychocentrics" or followers.

1980, Timothy B. Knopp, G. Ballman, L. C. Merriam, “The Dynamics of Recreation Participation: Ski Touring in Minnesota”, in Proceedings: 1980 National Outdoor Recreation Trends Symposium (USDA Forest Service General Technical Report; NE-57), volume II, Broomall, Pa.: Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, →OCLC, page 77, column 2:

According to [Stanley C.] Plog (1991b), psychocentrics tend to prefer a high degree of familiarity in their travel and, as a result, enjoy group or "packaged" tours. In contrast, allocentrics enjoy vacations to exotic and unique destinations, and prefer to travel independently (i.e., not as part of group tours).

[P]sychocentrics could conceivably vacation in essentially allocentric destinations (with the exception of people with extremely low incomes). For instance, a psychocentric may travel to a remote area under the security of a completely planned, fully escorted tour. In other words, the security provided by travelling with a group of similar tourists, and being escorted at all times, may persuade a psychocentric to travel, say, to Asia.

1999, K. K. Sharma, “Tourism Psychology and Motivation”, in Tourism and Culture, New Delhi: Prabhat Kumar Sharma for Sarup & Sons, published 2004, →ISBN, page 189:

Psychocentrics do not want to try anything new until they are sure of what it is like. The psychocentric waits for friends to do something and will follow whatever is in fashion. Simply put, psychocentrics are at ease only when within their comfort zone, while allocentrics are driven to leave their comfort zone on a regular basis.

[2001, Doris S. Davidoff, Philip G. Davidoff, Donald M. Davidoff, Douglas G. Davidoff, “The Classic Motivation Mistake”, in Parenting the Office, Gretna, New Orleans, La.: Pelican Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 209:

[Stanley C.] Plog recognised that personalities change over time, and given time, the psychocentrics may become allocentric in their choice of holiday destination and activity as they gain experience of travel. It has long been accepted that many tourists actually seek novelty from a base of security and familiarity. This enables the psychocentric to enjoy more exotic forms of tourism.

2020, J. Christopher Holloway, Claire Humphreys, “The Demand for Tourism”, in The Business of Tourism, 11th edition, London, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, part 1 (Defining and Analysing Tourism and Its Impacts), page 75:

Another typology of tourists was introduced by [Stanley C.] Plog (1991), who used psychographic analysis to create a continuum of tourist types. While Plog's model is a continuum with indefinite points, he was able to divide tourists into five main groups: psychocentrics, near psychocentrics, midcentrics, near allocentrics, and allocentrics. […] At the one extreme, psychocentrics are those travellers that are not adventurous, and seek amenities and culture similar to their home environment. At the other end of the continuum, an allocentric tourist is very adventurous, seeks and embraces different cultures, local food, and requires only basic tourism infrastructure.

2020, Peter Robinson, Michael Lück, Stephen L. J. Smith, “Responsible Tourism Management”, in Tourism, 2nd edition, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, Boston, Mass.: CABI, →ISBN, part 5 (Tourism Development), page 366, column 1:

(psychology, tourism) A tourist who tends to avoid adventures and risks, preferring the familiar.


chainbolt

(nautical) A large bolt used to secure the chainplates to the ship's side.


seat lock

(railways) The lock of a reversible seat in railroad cars.


head chute

(nautical) A canvas tube used to convey refuse matter from a ship's bows down to the water.


half shaft

(automotive) Either of the pair of drive shafts that extend from a differential to the wheels.


PEMS

portable emissions measurement system
w:portable emissions measurement system

(automotive) Initialism of portable emissions measurement system.


gunnade

(nautical, historical) A naval artillery piece, variant of the carronade, developed by the British navy circa 1820 CE.


half-port

he heard the clanking of their capstan pawls — putting to sea with bands playing and guns grinning through yawning half-ports

1939, Roland Barker, The Middle Passage:

(nautical) one half of a two-part shutter used to close a porthole.


ticket barrier

The modernisation of Limerick is approaching completion [...]. A new ticket barrier painted black and white divides the concourse from the platforms.

1962 July, “The Irish Scene”, in Modern Railways, page 11:

(rail transport) A manned barrier at which travel tickets are presented. Modern barriers are machines which can read tickets or where cards can be scanned before allowing passengers through.


cattle truck

It would be fair to say that seats have become smaller - and an Underground manager once told me that the ideal train would have no seats, and the whole platform-side of it would roll up and down like a venetian blind. It would be a cattle truck, in other words.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 211:

(rail transport) A wagon used to transport livestock.

karjavaunu

wagon used to transport livestock — see also cattle wagon


DOO

driver-only operation
driver-only operation#English

(UK, rail transport) Initialism of driver-only operation.


sternfast

(nautical) A rope or chain for making fast a ship's stern to a wharf, etc.


makefast

(nautical) Something to which a vessel can be made fast or tied, such as a cleat, post or bollard.


roding

en-noun

roding (countable and uncountable, plural rodings)

Three boats found their rodings fouled by these reckless mid-sea hunters, and were towed half a mile ere their horses shook the line free.

1897, Rudyard Kipling, Captains Courageous:

(nautical, countable) A small boat's anchor line.


whale safari

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-whale safari.wav

(tourism) A sea excursion organised for the purpose of whale watching.


drag bolt

(railways) A strong bolt passing through the drawbar of railway carriages, and serving to fasten the coupling.


container port

(shipping) A port which specialises in handling the loading and unloading of shipping containers onto and from container ships.


linespeed

(Discussing a speed restriction under an overbridge) Analysis of real-time data from test runs at 125mph showed that operation at linespeed would, indeed, not be sustainable in terms of both contact wire life and pantograph wear. However, 110mph turned out to be acceptable, at a cost of only seven seconds' delay.

2019 October, “Deliveries running late”, in Modern Railways, page 37:

(rail transport) alternative form of line speed


line speed

NR had introduced [a] speed restriction for the 400 trains that pass daily on this section of the West Coast Main Line between Rugby and Milton Keynes, but since the work the full 110mph line speed has been reinstated.

2020 June 3, “Network News: Kilsby Tunnel closure allows essential repair work”, in Rail, page 16:

(rail transport) The maximum speed at which trains can run on a given railway line, or section of line.


contact wire

Overhead electric equipment generally stood up well both to the weight of vertically falling snow and to the effects of snow on contact wires; [...].

1962 March, “The New Year Freeze-up on British Railways”, in Modern Railways, page 158:

(rail transport) A bare wire conducting electricity, often the lower part of the catenary, which comes into contact with a raised pantograph or other form of current collector.


bi-mode

The EMR [East Midlands Railway] bi-modes will be able to run at 125mph in diesel mode, matching Meridian performance, in a step-up from the capabilities of the existing 80x units in service with other franchises.

2019 October, Tony Miles, Philip Sherratt, “EMR kicks off new era”, in Modern Railways, page 54:

(rail transport) a bi-mode multiple unit which can operate either as a normal electric train or as a diesel-electric train (on unelectrified track), with the power coming from diesel generators.


ground frame

Before long, this box will be installed nearer Grosmont (NYM) level crossing to permit control of the crossing gates (presently hand-worked) and to replace the eight-lever ground frame which currently operates the pointwork.

1979 August, Michael Harris, “A line for all reasons: the North Yorkshire Moors Railway”, in Railway World, page 412:

At the western [actually eastern] end of the line, operation of the ground frames at Grosmont and Whitby for NYMR [North Yorkshire Moors Railway] services is time-consuming: if we could speed that up, we'd improve track occupancy. Motorising points is quite easy to do.

2019 October, James Abbot, “Esk Valley revival”, in Modern Railways, page 78:

(rail transport) A lever frame controlling the operation of points and/or signals which is installed at ground level.


re-tractioning

Gemini Rail Technology has the contract for internal refurbishment and re-tractioning of the '442s', although the re-tractioning was delayed to allow procurement of new static converters due to concerns about electromagnetic compatibility.

2019 October, “'442s' withdrawn due to signal interaction issues”, in Modern Railways, page 87:

(rail transport) Renewal of traction equipment, in particular traction motors.


track pizza

(rail transport, slang, US) A person hit by a train after jumping or falling in front of it.


dual-voltage

Transport for London has ordered 48x4-car and 6x5-car '710s' from Bombardier, with the initial order of 45x4-car units comprising 31x4-car AC-only units for West Anglia services and 14x4-car dual-voltage units for the Gospel Oak to Barking line (GOBLIN) and Watford DC services. However, this has recently been varied, with one of the AC-only units now to be delivered as a dual-voltage set. The nine units later added to the order are all dual-voltage, meaning the total order is now for 30x4-car AC-only units and 18x4-car and 6x5-car dual-voltage units.

2019 October, “'710s' debut on Watford DC services”, in Modern Railways, page 88:

(rail transport, of an electric train) Able to run using two different voltages, depending on the voltage supplied to the particular railway line, whether by third rail direct current or overhead wires.

Quévy, the end-to-end junction with the S.N.C.F. main line via Aulnoye to Paris, will be a dual-voltage station with arrangements of overhead and signalling equipment similar to those at Luxembourg, another junction between the 3,000V and 25kV systems.

1962 October, “Beyond the Channel: Belgium: Brussels-Paris electrification”, in Modern Railways, page 276:

(rail transport, of a station) Provided with two separate traction power supplies at different voltages, typically as a changeover point between voltages.


fogman

As against this, really bad fogs have been experienced and on one occasion the 7.35 p.m. from Victoria crawled into Herne Bay 95 min. late, having halted at every stop signal between Gillingham and Whitstable. The explanation? Not a single fogman had turned out for duty between Gillingham and Ramsgate.

1959 April, P. Ransome-Wallis, “The Southern in Trouble on the Kent Coast”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 216:

(rail transport, historical) A railwayman who placed fog signals (detonators) on the track at distant signals during thick fogs (and falling snow) to warn train drivers.


ticket gate

... which leads into a substantial lobby area. As this precedes the ticket gate line this may prove a popular meeting place, particularly during inclement weather.

2019 October, Dan Harvey, “Crossrail Update:Whitechapel barrels on”, in Modern Railways, page 92:


ticket hall

Note that while most of the new Elizabeth Line stations have ticket halls at both ends of the platforms Whitechapel does not; disembark at the wrong end of your train and you will certainly hit your steps target before you reach the street.

2019 October, Dan Harvey, “Crossrail Update: Whitechapel barrels on”, in Modern Railways, page 92:

(rail transport) An area in some railway stations where travel tickets are sold.


bus replacement service

bus replacement service (plural bus replacement services)

... - just a decade ago, Robin Gisby, then operations supremo at Network Rail, told me enthusiastically of a 'seven-day railway' enabled by widespread signalling improvements that would do away with the dreaded bus replacement services within a couple of years. Instead, most people in the know now avoid travelling at weekends because of the proliferation of such services, fewer and fewer of which are advertised in advance.

2019 October, Alan Williams, Modern Railways, page 98:

(British, transport) A special bus service which replaces a train service when engineering work is carried out, or when the train service is temporarily suspended for other reasons such as flooding, track damage etc.

autobus sostitutivo

a special bus service which replaces a train service


empty stock working

empty stock working (plural empty stock workings)

Proposed for wiring: the Shrewsbury route. Unit 221116 passes through Codsall on an empty stock working on 24 October 2018.

2019 October, photo caption, “Midlands Connect's £3.5bn plan”, in Modern Railways, page 16:

(rail transport) A train of empty passenger rolling stock that is moved from one location to another where, for example, it is needed to form a revenue-earning service.


metroisation

This forms part of TfL's strategic case for metroisation that was published earlier this year and covered enhancements on this and a number of suburban routes.

2019 October, “Funding for 20tph East London Line service”, in Modern Railways, page 18:

(rail transport, British spelling) The process of converting a railway to a metro-style service.

捷運化

The process of converting a railway to a metro service


lo-lo

Elsewhere, some trade appears to have moved away from the Dover Straits already, either coming into other ports as unaccompanied or accompanied trailers, or in some cases moving to lo-lo (lift on, lift off) routes to the east and west coast ports.

2019 October, Rail Freight Group, “Consequences of a no deal Brexit”, in Modern Railways, page 20:

(transport, nautical) Abbreviation of lift-on/lift-off.


double-tracking

The 15-week closure enabled completion of double-tracking between Dyce and Inverurie and upgrades to the signalling system between Aberdeen and Huntly. Over 10 miles of new rail has been laid and 19 bridges refurbished or replaced, with double-tracking covering a 16-mile stretch in total.

2019 October, “A2I reopens after summer blockade”, in Modern Railways, page 22:

(rail transport) The provision of double track, usually as a conversion from single track.


semaphore signal

semaphore signal (plural semaphore signals)

The phased programme will run from 1 to 23 February, with semaphore signals replaced with modern colour lights.

2019 October, “February completion for Wherry lines resignalling”, in Modern Railways, page 22:

After dropping off travellers at Foregate Street, my train terminates at Shrub Hill - a station which boasts one of the best selection [sic] of semaphore signals left in the country.

2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 67:

(rail transport) A railway signal with a moving arm mounted on a signal post or gantry, the position of the arm indicating whether a train should stop or proceed; they are now largely replaced by colour light signals.


signal cabin

Having completed their task, Fireman Page telephoned from a lineside box to the next signal cabin, briefly reported the incident and said that, as no high explosive had dropped and the track was safe, they proposed proceeding "at caution".

1944 July and August, “Top Link Drivers: XXI—Driver H. Blunt, L.N.E.R.”, in Railway Magazine, page 226:

At Putney Bridge the train description transmissions for eastbound trains must be originated as there is no manned signal cabin on the London Transport system beyond this point; [...].

1960 December, “More L.T. progress with programme machines”, in Trains Illustrated, page 758:

The latest 'go live' introduced the new signalling across the complex junction at Baker Street and saw the decommissioning of the signal cabin at Edgware Road, which opened in 1926.

2019 October, “Edgware Rd cabin closes”, in Modern Railways, page 22:


running rail

In order to reduce noise to a minimum, the running rails have been welded into 315 ft. lengths.

1940 December, “Notes and News: Waterloo & City Tube Modernisation”, in Railway Magazine, page 668:

When AC traction was being introduced this was recognised as a threat to track circuits. Harmonics of the switching frequency would appear in the traction return currents in the running rails and, potentially, this would cause wrong-side track circuit failures.

2019 October, Roger Ford, “Power failure highlights specification confusion”, in Modern Railways, page 27:

(rail transport, usually in the plural) One of the two rails of a railway track with which the wheels of a train make contact.


signal bridge

(rail transport, US) A structure built over railroad tracks on which signals are mounted.

(nautical) An open platform by the navigating bridge of a warship for the use of signalmen.


ROSCO

Until the mid-2010s, the ROSCOs 'made hay while the sun shone', taking advantage of growing passenger demand and expanding services to find homes for their rolling assets - in some cases, well beyond their expected design lives.

2023 June 28, Ben Jones, “Are we getting rid of our (still useful) rolling stock too early?”, in RAIL, number 986, page 28:

(rail transport, UK) Abbreviation of rolling stock (leasing) company.


reballast

en-verb

reballast (third-person singular simple present reballasts, present participle reballasting, simple past and past participle reballasted)

reballasts (present singular third-person)
reballasting (participle present)
reballasted (participle past)
reballasted (past)

Another pressing requirement is to reballast the line as at present nearly all of the track is on ash ballast; some 15 years' hard work should see the line on stone ballast.

1979 August, Michael Harris, “A line for all reasons: the North Yorkshire Moors Railway”, in Railway World, page 412:

(rail transport) To renew the ballast under railway track.


cab signalling

Now, a century later, semaphores and discs are giving place to colour and position lights. What will be the fashion in 2041? Universal continuous cab signalling?

1941 April, “Centenary of the Semaphore Signal”, in Railway Magazine, page 171:

It's easy enough to calculate that even at higher speeds - 360 km/h to pluck a figure out of the air - the signalling headway can be as low as 120 seconds given the benefit that follows from cab signalling such as European Train Control System (ECTS) Level 2.

2019 October, William Barter, “West Coast capacity study”, in Modern Railways, page 66:

(rail transport, British spelling) A rail safety system installed in the driving cab of a train, which gives information to the train driver on track status and condition.


reballasting

Repair of the many tunnels and high masonry viaducts on the eastern side of Semmering, appears to have necessitated this single-line working, although complete rerailing with long welded rails and resleepering and reballasting are being undertaken.

1951 June, John L. Buckland, “The Semmering Line and its Traffic”, in Railway Magazine, page 414:

The most welcome progress from a short-term viewpoint, however, is that reballasting of the Trent Valley section is almost completed and as a result accelerations of express passenger trains are likely in this summer's timetable; we hear that over this section alone it should be possible to cut 20min from the timings of three Anglo-Scottish day trains and that other services will be speeded up by 8-15min.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 130:

(rail transport) The process of renewing the ballast under railway track.


read through

read through (third-person singular simple present reads through, present participle reading through, simple past and past participle read through)

reads through (present singular third-person)
reading through (participle present)
read through (participle past)
read through (past)

(intransitive, rail transport) To read and obey a signal that is beyond the applicable one (often mistakenly)


shedmaster

Much earlier than that, in the small hours, taxis had been sent out to collect key officers, shedmasters and traffic staff for an immediate start on the reorganisation.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 130–131:

(rail transport, UK) The person in charge of an engine shed (or locomotive shed).


test track

(automotive) A paved track on which road vehicles can be tested.

Research would be facilitated if a test track of suitable length and characteristics for coach running tests at speeds up to "90 m.p.h.-plus" were on offer, as there are obvious difficulties in making available a regularly used main line for such purposes; but B.T.C. plans in this respect have apparently suffered under the economy axe.

1961 March, “Talking of Trains: Hunting bogies”, in Trains Illustrated, page 136:

The dynamic tests at Wildenrath use continuous test tracks built on the site of a former Royal Air Force station that was vacated after the end of the Cold War.

2023 November 29, Philip Haigh, “New Piccadilly Line trains put to the test”, in RAIL, number 997, page 26:

(rail transport) A railway track for the purpose of testing trains.


Co-Co

With their high horsepower, the new Bo-Bos, of which six are on order for trial purposes, but which should ultimately number 50, will take over most of the Gotthard passenger workings from the 6,000 h.p. Co-Cos, permitting the latter to take a greater share of the steadily increasing freight workings over this route, the aim being to work 1,200-ton freight trains up the long 1 in 38-40 approaches to the Gotthard tunnel with 6,000 h.p. Co-Cos in pairs.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 136–137:

(rail transport) A wheel arrangement for diesel and electric locomotives signifying that a locomotive has six axles, each powered by a motor, on two bogies.


motor coach

It will be recalled that the units are formed of three-car sets, with driving trailers on either side of the motor coach. The motor coach, which has a nose-suspended motor on each axle, carries the pantograph above the guard's van.

1961 March, “Interim report on the Glasgow suburban electric train failures”, in Trains Illustrated, page 175:

(rail transport) A powered railway vehicle, designed for passenger transport, capable to pull (or push) other railroad cars (compared to a railcar which only consists of a single railway vehicle with a driver's cab at both ends).


motor-coach

At present certain of these trains, most of which are operated on the push-and-pull principle with up to 12 coaches, are handled by the recent RBe 4/4 type motor-coaches of 2,700 h.p.;- this class also is to be augmented considerably.

1961 March, “Talking of Trains”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 137:

(rail transport) Alternative form of motor coach.


diesel multiple unit

en-noun

diesel multiple unit (plural diesel multiple units)

On January 23, diesel multiple-units began working some of the Marylebone suburban services.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 138:

(rail transport) A multiple-unit train of two or more coaches powered by diesel engines, usually installed underfloor.


locomotive shed

locomotive shed (plural locomotive sheds)

Crewe North Motive Power Depot is to be modernised completely. This includes the provision of a new coaling plant, ash handling plant, and two new locomotive sheds of the latest roundhouse type, each with 32 roads radiating from a 70-ft. dia. turntable.

1948 November and December, “Crewe M.P.D. to be Modernised”, in Railway Magazine, page 372:

The locomotive shed at Portadown is gradually becoming the principal Great Northern section steam motive power depot.

1961 March, “The Irish scene”, in Trains Illustrated, page 138:

Short form: locoshed

(rail transport) Synonym of engine shed.


Bo-Bo

The Lötschberg had always been in the forefront of electric locomotive development and their 4,000 h.p. Bo-Bo design, introduced in 1944, was the first of its particular type in Europe, if not in the world. Shortly afterwards in 1946, the very successful Swiss Federal Bo-Bo type was introduced and for many years undertook the working of the high speed lightweight trains over the Geneva-Zurich, Geneva-Basle and other main lines.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 136:

(rail transport) A wheel arrangement for diesel and electric locomotives signifying that a locomotive has four axles, each powered by a motor, on two bogies.


Westinghouse brake

Westinghouse brake (plural Westinghouse brakes)

Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the Westinghouse brake has been retained as standard for all passenger trains, and that certain services still afford regular work for some of the survivors of the once-numerous Stroudley "Terrier" tank engines.

1946 March and April, “Railways of the Isle of Wight”, in Railway Magazine, page 67:

The Westinghouse brake operation is interesting, but unusual if one happens to be used to Westinghouse working in this country. [...] The essence of the use of the Westinghouse brake is confidence and - for want of a better word - dash; the sooner the feeling stage is over the better for all concerned.

1961 March, ""Balmore"", “Driving and firing French steam locomotives”, in Trains Illustrated, page 146:

(rail transport) A proprietary air brake designed for railway use by George Westinghouse.


firehole

A rolling grate in two sections is fitted; there are two injectors and an A.C.F.I. pump, and the usual firehole door.

1961 March, ""Balmore"", “Driving and firing modern French steam locomotives”, in Trains Illustrated, page 150:

(rail transport) An opening fitted with a door, giving access to the firebox of a steam locomotive, through which coal can be shovelled and the fire tended.


well wagon

(rail transport, British) An open goods wagon with a well (depressed loadbed) between the bogies or axles.


sand dome

(rail transport) A sand reservoir mounted on top of the boiler of a steam locomotive. The sand was used on wet rails to prevent slipping.


nose-suspended

(rail transport, of a traction motor) suspended by a "nose" on the motor from the bogie frame.


driving trailer

driving trailer (plural driving trailers)

(rail transport) An unpowered coach fitted with a driving cab and placed at one or both ends of a train.


home signal

(rail transport) A railway signal controlling entry to the next section of line. Originally it meant a signal governing entry into a station.


running line

(rail transport) A railway line used to operate trains on, as opposed to a siding.


starter signal

(rail transport) Synonym of starting signal.


route indicator

route indicator (plural route indicators)

(rail transport) A panel attached to a colour light signal situated just before a junction, which when lit up indicates that a diverging route has been set for the next train.


colour light signal

colour light signal (plural colour light signals)

(rail transport, British spelling) An electric railway signal with colour aspects, showing either red or green in a 2-aspect signal, with the addition of a yellow or double yellow aspect (meaning caution) in 3- and 4-aspect signals.


special saloon

The failure of a new Brush 1,600 h.p. diesel on the down "Fenman" when it was conveying the Queen in a special saloon was an unfortunate piece of bad publicity for B.R.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 135:

After the war, the GWR restored its royal train, in reality special saloons provided for its directors and important guests, but the SR had finally discarded its ancient train, employing Pullman-cars where necessary.

2014, Bill Horsfall, London Midland & Scottish, Author House, page 75:

(rail transport, UK) A special railway carriage reserved for royalty and other dignitaries.


steam-hauled

Meantime, some trains continue to be steam-hauled between Oslo and the frontier.

1952 January, “Electrification Progress in Norway”, in RAIL, page 55:

From January 2, writes L. J. Jennings, diesel multiple-units took over completely the local service between Leicester, Hinckley, Nuneaton and Birmingham, except for the 3.10 a.m. Nuneaton Trent Valley-Leicester London Road and the 9.18 p.m. in the reverse direction, which remain steam-hauled.

1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 134–135:

(rail transport, of a train) Pulled by a steam locomotive.


X-by-wire

(automotive) Any electronic system that replaces a conventional mechanical system in an automobile.


stopping train

Most of the through Leicester-Birmingham workings are non-stop between Leicester and Hinckley, leaving the intermediate stations to be served by the largely hourly stopping trains between Leicester and Nuneaton.

Another view of Ashchurch station on August 18, 1961, with "Royal Scot" 4-6-0 No. 46148 The Manchester Regiment restarting a Worcester-Cheltenham stopping train and a Class 4 2-6-0 at the branch platform on a train from Redditch.

1962 May, “Ashchurch to lose another branch service”, in Modern Railways, page 299, photo caption:

(rail transport) A passenger train that stops at most, if not all, of the stations on the route in the course of its journey.


starting signal

starting signal (plural starting signals)

As it happened, however, it was clear enough, when the platform starting-signal was lowered, for the signalman in box No. 5 to see his advance-starting signal, and he was therefore justified in allowing the train to go forward, and it was not until it had passed his box that, upon looking out, he saw that it had disappeared into the bank of fog, which had by that time hidden the advanced starting-signal from his view.

1882 June, “Official Reports on Recent Accidents”, in The Railway Engineer, page 157:

(rail transport) A railway signal controlling the starting of trains from a station or some other location, nowadays usually a colour-light signal.


long-welded

Rail joints affect it but do not in themselves cause bad riding, which may indeed be aggravated on long-welded track.

About 20 per cent of the Federal Railways' main-line track has been laid with long-welded rail by the beginning of this year; further progress is hindered by the many curves.

1964 July, “Beyond the Channel: Switzerland: Long-welded rails”, in Modern Railways, page 64:

(rail transport) Of rails for railway track, welded into longer lengths, usually before they are laid, to help eliminate jointed track.


coupling rod

(rail transport) A rod that couples the driving wheels of a locomotive, a steam locomotive in particular, so that the driving wheels act together as a unit.


diesel-hydraulic

(rail transport) A diesel-hydraulic locomotive.


maiden run

On February 17, 1956, the first one, No. 35018, left Eastleigh on its maiden run with a Bournemouth stopping train.

1961 March, C. P. Boocock, “The organisation of Eastleigh Locomotive Works”, in Trains Illustrated, page 160:

(rail transport, of a locomotive, train, etc.) Its first trip in service, in some cases after a rebuild.


tank locomotive

tank locomotive (plural tank locomotives)

(rail transport) Synonym of tank engine.


wheel shop

In the wheel shop a wheel-welding machine, the first of its kind on British Railways when it was installed in 1955, uses a "Lincoln" submerged arc welding head to build up the diameter of old wheel centres (from the 1880 to 1910 era).
 [p162] Eastleigh Locomotive Works: Layout and functions of shops [...] Wheel Shop: Preparation and assembly of wheel and axle sets.

1961 March, C. P. Boocock, “The organisation of Eastleigh Locomotive Works”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 159, 162:

(rail transport) A workshop where wheels of locomotives and other railway vehicles are maintained.


dragbox

Under British Railways management, a large number of fabricated dragboxes for Class 9 2-10-0s were made at Eastleigh, for use in other Regions' works.

1961 March, C. P. Boocock, “The organisation of Eastleigh Locomotive Works”, in Trains Illustrated, page 163:

(rail transport) A substantial, often cast metal, part of a locomotive to which the coupling mechanism is attached to allow the locomotive to pull a train.


box van

(rail transport, UK, Australia) An enclosed railway goods wagon, typically with a sliding door.


non-corridor

No non-corridor coaching stock remains in normal service.

Because of the transfer of some multiple-units to the Great Eastern line to make good the latter's deficiency in North-East London since the troubles with G.E.C. electrical equipment, a number of local services on the Manchester-Crewe line have lately been worked with locomotive-hauled non-corridor stock of G.E. Line origin.

1961 March, “Motive Power Miscellany”, in Trains Illustrated, page 180:

(rail transport, dated) Of a train or railway coach, not having a corridor running the length of the coach providing access to the passenger compartments; each compartment would have an outside door on each side.


tube train

Probably named after the shape of the tunnels; the Tube is an informal name for London Underground which has been trademarked.

I took a tube train through the subway systems / I rode those tunnels like a six-foot mole

1979, The Boomtown Rats (lyrics and music), “Wind Chill Factor (Minus Zero)”, in The Fine Art of Surfacing:

(rail transport, UK) A smaller-profile underground train which operates through the tube tunnels under London, which have a small cross section.


smoking carriage

smoking carriage (plural smoking carriages)

The trains then still had smoking carriages, and I would sit in these because their passengers seemed the friendliest - and I would smoke in the smoking carriage, because it seemed the done thing.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page xiii, Preface:

(rail transport, British) Synonym of smoking car.


Metropolitan

(rail transport) The Metropolitan Line of London Underground, which has its ancestry in the Metropolitan Railway.


parliamentary train

parliamentary train (plural parliamentary trains)

He [Gladstone] also required the operators to run 'Parliamentary Trains' - one each day calling at every station at a fare of not more than a penny per mile for Third Class.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 34:

1885, W. S. Gilbert, The Mikado, Act II, in The Mikado, and Other Plays, New York: Modern Library, 1917, p. 42, https://archive.org/details/mikadootherplays00gilb
The idiot who, in railway carriages, / Scribbles on window panes, / We only suffer / To ride on a buffer / In Parliamentary trains.

(rail transport, UK, chiefly historical) Originally a requirement in the Railway Regulation Act 1844 for railways to run at least one train a day each way, at a cost to passengers of no more than one penny a mile, on every railway line in the country. Presently the term is used for passenger trains that serve a line or station only once a day or week to avoid the cost of applying for closure.


open-top bus

At last the first glimpse from a bridge of an open-top red bus, and a noticeable darkening of the atmosphere from the smoke of London: then the increasingly dingy stations with double-barrel names, set amid what has always been to me the outstanding feature of the "Premier Line" approach to London—the positively marvellous display of crazy chimney-pots on the grey inner suburban houses. As many as twenty, all of varying style, standing together like ranks of jagged teeth, and providing a Dickensian back-cloth which no other route can boast.

1951 October, R. S. McNaught, “Lines of Approach”, in Railway Magazine, page 704:

(vehicles, UK) A double-deck bus with an open, or partially open, top deck.


condensing locomotive

condensing locomotive (plural condensing locomotives)

In July 1864 the Metropolitan took delivery of some more condensing locomotives: beautiful green brass-bound tank engines from Beyer, Peacock & Co. of Manchester.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 43:

(rail transport) A steam locomotive which condenses exhaust steam by directing it into the water tank(s).


Hammersmith & City

Before we reach the Circle saga, two other extensions of the Met need to be mentioned. The first is the Hammersmith & City Railway - now the western part of the Hammersmith and City Line. It was built and jointly funded by the Metropolitan and the Great Western, even as they were arguing over operation of the Metropolitan.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 49:

(rail transport) A London Underground line which runs from Hammersmith to Barking via Paddington and King's Cross.


Overground

From overground, in contrast to the Underground.

Yes, it was rather bizarre to make a former underground line into part of a network called London Overground, and at Whitechapel the Overground goes under the Underground. But let's not spoil our happy ending for the East London Line.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 94:

(rail transport) The London Overground, a counterpart of London Underground operated by TfL (Transport for London), which operates some of the various lines around London which are mainly above ground.


fourth rail

It was the only line to operate by means of the third-rail system (as distinct from the fourth-rail system now universal on all London's Underground railways) and its coaches were of different design and appearance from those on other systems.

1948 January and February, C. R. L. Coles, “The Grouping Era”, in Railway Magazine, page 21:

The railway used the 'Third Rail' system of electrification, like all the early Tubes. (But it would soon be replaced across the network by another system even more exciting - Fourth''' Rail!)

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 103:

(rail transport) An extra rail in addition to the third rail (live rail) which is used for current return purposes, mainly by London Underground, because of problems caused by using the running rails for current return underground.


dead man's handle

dead man's handle (plural dead man's handles)

Dead-man's handle, automatic train stop, quick-acting compressed-air brake specially suited for high-speed working, and regenerative braking are among the features of the new locomotives.

1947 March and April, “Swiss High-Speed Electric Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 94:

There were two engine men in case one of them fainted or died, the 'dead man's handle' of the later Tubes (a fail-safe device that stops the train if the driver does not maintain manual pressure on a lever) not having been perfected.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, pages 103–104:

(rail transport) A lever used as a safety device, typically on trains, which shuts off power if the operator releases their grip.

VACMA

safety device on trains — see also dead man's switch


flat fare

Today London buses have a flat fare, but the Underground covers too wide an area for the policy to be feasible on the network.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 118:

The financial growth reflects the return of passengers to rail and bus. The latter has been boosted by the DfT's £2 flat fare for any journey, although (like rail) ridership is still lower than pre-COVID.

2023 December 13, Mel Holley, “Network News: Open access operations help to boost First's figures”, in RAIL, number 998, page 20:

(transport) A fare, usually for one journey, that remains the same no matter how far one travels.


tripcock

When a train runs onto the track, thus connecting the two rails, a short circuit is created, the current drops out and the signal switched to red. The system operates in conjunction with a lever on the tracks. If a train should pass a red light, the lever, which is called a tripcock, comes into play. The tripcock releases the air from the train's air-braking system, thus causing the brakes to come on and stopping the train.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, pages 136–137:

Chiltern Class 165s are fitted with tripcocks to allow them to operate on LU infrastructure between Harrow-on-the-Hill and Amersham.

2020 July 1, Richard Clinnick, “Network News: '165' runs through points and into path of LU service”, in Rail, page 20:

(rail transport) A train-mounted safety device which interacts with a trackside device to stop a train automatically if it passes a signal at danger (showing a red light).


walk-through

The new trains will also be fully 'walk-through', with no carriage end-doors. Travelling on them is like riding on a sinuous, moving corridor. It's less claustrophobic than the old arrangement, but now you can no longer choose the carriage not occupied by the declaiming loony.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 277:

Unlike the older trains, the new units have walk-through carriages and longitudinal rather than transverse seating.

2023 February 22, Paul Stephen, “TfL reveals first of new B23s for Docklands Light Railway”, in RAIL, number 977, page 12:

(rail transport) Of passenger carriages in a train, having no doors in gangway connections between the carriages, often in combination with longitudinal seating, creating a "see-through" effect through the train.


heritage railway

heritage railway (plural heritage railways)

The heritage railway [Isle of Wight Steam Railway] argued that passenger numbers on both operators would increase, bringing economic benefit to a deprived area of the town [of Ryde].

(rail transport, UK) A railway operating a line with preserved and restored locomotives, trains and infrastructure, and usually providing train services for visitors; in effect a working open-air museum.


track worker

Essentially, our point is that while Britain's railways are seen as among the safest in the world, that situation is now seriously under threat by a combination of a rise in the number of near misses that are occurring as well as an increase in incidents arising from line blockages. In both these areas, the safety of track workers is put at risk.

2019 October 23, “Network News: TSSA raises safety concerns to Williams Review”, in RAIL, number 890, page 19:

(rail transport) Alternative form of trackworker.