miltefosine

(pharmacology) An antiprotozoal drug, 2-(hexadecoxy-oxido-phosphoryl)oxyethyl-trimethyl-azanium, used in oral treatment of leishmaniasis.


antiprotozoal

en-adj

antiprotozoal (comparative more antiprotozoal, superlative most antiprotozoal)

more antiprotozoal (comparative)
most antiprotozoal (superlative)

(pharmacology) That inhibits or destroys protozoa


antiprotozoal

(pharmacology) Any drug used to fight diseases caused by protozoa

antiprotozoário

any drug used to fight diseases caused by protozoa


acamprosate

(pharmacology) A drug, 3-acetylaminopropane-1-sulfonic acid (or a calcium salt), used to treat alcohol dependence.


aprepitant

en-noun

aprepitant (countable and uncountable, plural aprepitants)

From [Term?] + -pitant (“neurokinin NK₁ receptor antagonist”).

af

(pharmacology) An antiemetic drug C₂₃H₂₁F₇N₄O₃ taken orally to prevent nausea and vomiting occurring as a consequence of cancer chemotherapy or surgery. It acts as an antagonist of receptors for substance P. It is often taken in combination with other antiemetic drugs and is marketed under the trademark Emend.


disulfiram

en-noun

disulfiram (countable and uncountable, plural disulfirams)

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound (trademark Antabuse) used in the treatment of alcoholics to make drinking alcohol produce unpleasant after-effects.


psychopharmaceutical

Using clinical diagnostic tools, we found that around 40% of incels had moderate-to-severe levels of depression, and a similar percentage had moderate-to-severe levels of anxiety. For context, presenting with these levels of symptoms would usually lead to an offer of psychopharmaceutical intervention from a primary healthcare provider (e.g. a GP).

2024 February 27, Andrew G. Thomas, “Incels Uncovered: How Potent Is the Black Pill?”, in Psychology Today:

(pharmacology) Any drug used to treat a psychosis or similar disorder


halothane

halothane (countable and uncountable, plural halothanes)

Hepatic injury due to halothane is well described and can be an indirect cause of encephalopathy.

1998, Thomas Markham Brown, Alan Stoudemire, Psychiatric Side Effects of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications:

(pharmacology) The halogenated hydrocarbon 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane that is used as an inhalational general anaesthetic.


nefazodone

Probably blend of nef- (“alteration and inversion of phen(yl)”) + trazodone.

blend

(pharmacology) A serotoninergic modulating antidepressant that is used in therapy of depression, aggressive behavior and panic disorder.


venlafaxine

en-noun

venlafaxine (countable and uncountable, plural venlafaxines)

Probably from venla- (of unknown origin) + ph(enyl) + -ax- (“alteration of (cycloh)exa(ne)”) + (am)ine.

af

(pharmacology) A drug that functions as an SNRI and is used in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₇H₂₇NO₂·HCl especially to treat depression, anxiety, and panic disorder. It is marketed under the trademark Effexor.


TW

(pharmacology) Initialism of treatment week.


rechallenge

en-verb

rechallenge (third-person singular simple present rechallenges, present participle rechallenging, simple past and past participle rechallenged)

rechallenges (present singular third-person)
rechallenging (participle present)
rechallenged (participle past)
rechallenged (past)

(medicine, pharmacology) To try a therapeutic pharmaceutical drug, suspected allergen, or medical treatment on a patient a second or subsequent time, to see if the suspected effects of the treatment occur again. This is typically performed to confirm allergic or adverse reactions to allergens or medications, but may also be used to confirm beneficial treatments or to retry a probable beneficial treatment which did not appear to be effective previously.


rechallenge

(medicine, pharmacology) The event of rechallenging as above.


azelaic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An aliphatic dicarboxylic acid found in many cereals; it has an antibacterial action and is used in skin creams etc; HOOC(CH₂)₇COOH.


cetrimonium

From cet(yl) + trim(ethyl) + -onium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

af

(pharmacology) The cetyltrimethylammonium radical.


ethylmethylthiambutene

(pharmacology) An opioid painkiller, N-ethyl-N-methyl-4,4-dithiophen-2-yl-but-3-en-2-amine, that has a narcotic effect


ethylmorphine

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic antitussive.


etonitazene

In fact, apart from clonitazene and etonitazene, which are controlled under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961,³⁹ none of the previously described 2-benzylbenzimidazole opioids are currently under (international) control.^(22,24)

2021, Marthe M. VandeputteKatleen Van Uytfangheet al., “Synthesis, Chemical Characterization, and μ‑Opioid Receptor Activity Assessment of the Emerging Group of “Nitazene” 2‑Benzylbenzimidazole Synthetic Opioids”, in ACS Chemical Neuroscience, volume 12, number 7, →DOI, page 1241:

(pharmacology) A potent synthetic opioid analgesic of the nitazene group, used as an illicit drug.


etorphine

From eth(ylene) + -orphine (“morphinan derivate”).

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


etoxeridine

From ethox(y) + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


fentanyl

en-noun

fentanyl (countable and uncountable, plural fentanyls)

fentanyls (plural)
fentanil (alternative)

Approved name ! Other names ! Action and use
Fentanyl .. ! 1-Phenethyl-f-(N-propionylanilino)-piperidine ! Narcotic; analgesic

1963 November 23, British Pharmacopoeia Commission, “Approved names”, in British Medical Journal, page 1327:

Fentanyl represents the latest wave of a rolling drug epidemic that has been fueled by prescription painkillers, as addicts continue to seek higher highs and cheaper fixes. “It started out as an opioid epidemic, then heroin, but now it’s a fentanyl epidemic,” Maura Healey, the attorney general of Massachusetts, said in an interview.

2016 March 25, Katharine Q. Seelye, “Heroin Epidemic Is Yielding to a Deadlier Cousin: Fentanyl”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Lil Peep died of an overdose of fentanyl and generic Xanax, according to the Pima Country Office of the Medical Examiner.

2017 December 8, Kory Grow, “Lil Peep Cause of Death Revealed”, in Rolling Stone:

Including, he warns, ketamine and even fentanyl. The crime syndicates have the capacity, he says, and a worldwide distribution network already in place.

2019 July 4, Michael Sullivan, “In Myanmar, Methamphetamine, Synthetic Drug Production Soars”, in NPR.org:

Coolio, the gritty rapper best known for his hit “Gangsta’s Paradise,” died from the effects of fentanyl, heroin and methamphetamine, according to the Los Angeles County medical examiner.

2023 April 6, McKenna Oxenden, “Fentanyl Contributed to Coolio’s Death, Medical Examiner Says”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(pharmacology) A synthetic opioid narcotic analgesic C₂₂H₂₈N₂O with pharmacological action similar to morphine that is administered transdermally as a skin patch and in the form of its citrate C₂₂H₂₈N₂O·C₆H₈O₇ is administered orally or parenterally (as by intravenous or epidural injection); N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]propanamide.


furethidine

From fur(furyl) + -ethidine (“pethidine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is related to the opioid analgesic drug pethidine.


levorphanol

From lev- + -orphan (“morphinan derivate”) + -ol.

(pharmacology) An addictive drug used especially in the form of its hydrated tartrate C₁₇H₂₃NO·C₄H₆O₆·2H₂O as a potent analgesic with properties similar to morphine.


lofentanil

From [Term?] + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).


MS Contin

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller: time-release morphine pills.


metazocine

From meth(yl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).


oxymorphone

From (hydr)oxy + (dihydro)morph(ine) + -one.


oxilorphan

From (hydr)oxy + l(evo)- + -orphan (“morphinan derivate”).


pentazocine

en-noun

pentazocine (countable and uncountable, plural pentazocines)

From pent(enyl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound that is a potent nonaddictive analgesic, often given during childbirth.


phenazocine

From phen(ylethyl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).


pheneridine

From phen- + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


phenoperidine

(pharmacology) A particular general anesthetic, an opioid.


pholcodine

(pharmacology) An opioid antitussive, C₂₃H₃₀N₂O₄.


properidine

From prop- + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


remifentanil

(pharmacology) A potent ultra short-acting synthetic opioid (trademark Ultiva) given to patients during surgery for pain relief and adjunctive to an anesthetic.


semorphone

From [Term?] + -orphone (“morphinan derivate”).


dihydrocodeine

en-noun

dihydrocodeine (usually uncountable, plural dihydrocodeines)


dihydromorphine

dihydromorphine (usually uncountable, plural dihydromorphines)


dimenoxadol

Probably from dime(thylami)no + (eth)ox(y) + -adol (“analgesic”).


diphenoxylate

(pharmacology) An antidiarrheal agent (trademark Lomotil) chemically related to pethidine and administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₃₀H₃₂N₂O₂·HCl in combination with the sulfate of atropine.


acetyldihydrocodeine

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller and antitussive.


alfentanil

Probably from (tetr)a(zo)l(e) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic short-acting opioid with analgesic and local anesthesia enhancing activity.


alvimopan

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


anileridine

From anil(ine) + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).


apomorphine

en-noun

apomorphine (countable and uncountable, plural apomorphines)

(pharmacology) A crystalline morphine derivative that is a dopamine agonist, used as an emetic and is injected subcutaneously in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₇H₁₇NO₂·HCl·1/2H₂O to treat episodes of immobility associated with advanced Parkinson's disease.


benzethidine

From benz- + -ethidine (“pethidine derivative”).


butorphanol

From (cyclo)but(yl) + -orphan (“opioid receptor antagonist/agonist”) + -ol.

(pharmacology) A synthetic analgesic and antitussive opioid drug (trademark Stadol) administered in the form of its tartrate C₂₁H₂₉NO₂·C₄H₆O₆ as a nasal spray or by injection especially for the relief of pain.


carfentanil

From car(boxylate) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

He’d been hearing rumours lately of carfentanil in the supply line, which terrified him: one hundred times stronger than fentanyl, approved for the sole purpose of tranquilizing elephants.

2020, Emily St. John Mandel, The Glass Hotel, Picador (2021), page 292:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A narcotic painkiller that is four orders of magnitude more potent than morphine, used for tranquilizing large animals and abused as a recreational drug.


cyclazocine

en-noun

cyclazocine (countable and uncountable, plural cyclazocines)

From cycl(opropyl) + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).


cyprenorphine

From cy(clo)pr(opyl) + [Term?] + -orphine (“morphinan derivate”).


sufentanil

From su(lfur) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

(pharmacology) An opioid analgesic that is administered intravenously in the form of its citrate C₂₂H₃₀N₂O₂S·C₆H₈O₇ as an anesthetic or an anesthetic adjuvant.


tapentadol

(pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


trefentanil

From [Term?] + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).


benproperine

(pharmacology) A particular cough suppressant.


guaiacolsulfonate

(pharmacology) A particular expectorant.


adapalene

Probably from ada(mantyl) + p(henyl) + (naphth)alene.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A retinoid C₂₈H₂₈O₃ applied topically to the skin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It is marketed under the trademark Differin and when used in combination with benzoyl peroxide, under the trademark Epiduo.


amiodarone

From ami(no)- + iod- + (coum)arone (“benzofuran”).

(pharmacology) an antiarrhythmic drug administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₅H₂₉I₂NO₃·HCl and used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia


streptokinase

(biochemistry, pharmacology) An enzyme produced by some streptococci which is involved in breaking down red blood cells by activating plasminogen to produce plasmin. It is used to treat blood clots and inflammation.


anxiolytic

en-adj

anxiolytic (comparative more anxiolytic, superlative most anxiolytic)

more anxiolytic (comparative)
most anxiolytic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That reduces anxiety; tranquilizing


anxiolytic

(pharmacology) A drug prescribed for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety.


mesylate

(pharmacology) Alternative form of mesilate.


pleiotropy

en-noun

pleiotropy (countable and uncountable, plural pleiotropies)

Coined by Ludwig Plate in 1910, from Ancient Greek πλείων (pleíōn) + -tropy; by surface analysis, pleio- + -tropy.

(pharmacology) The existence of drug effects (especially beneficial effects) other than the one for which the drug was designed.


estriol

estriol (countable and uncountable, plural estriols)

estriols (plural)
oestriol (alternative)

/ˈɛˌstɹaɪˌɔl/

(American spelling, biochemistry, steroids, pharmacology) A relatively weak natural estrogenic hormone that is a glycol C₁₈H₂₄O₃ found in the body chiefly as a metabolite of estradiol, is the main estrogen secreted by the placenta during pregnancy, and is the estrogen typically found in the urine of pregnant women.


tetracaine

tetracaine (countable and uncountable, plural tetracaines)

From tetra- + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

(pharmacology) A crystalline basic ester C₁₅H₂₄N₂O₂ that is closely related chemically to procaine and is used chiefly in the form of its hydrochloride as a local anesthetic.


gentamicin

gentamicin (countable and uncountable, plural gentamicins)

gentamicins (plural)
gentamycin (alternative)

Alteration of gentamycin, as a blend of gentian violet + kanamycin, from the color of the actinomycete.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic mixture, derived from an actinomycete (Micromonospora echinospora), extensively used as the sulfate in treating severe systemic bacterial infections (as of the urinary tract); (3R,4R,5R)-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,6S)-3-amino-6-[(1R)-1-(methylamino)ethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol.


diamorphine

(pharmacology) The BAN name for the drug heroin.


anticholinesterase

(pharmacology) Any agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase

anticolinesterase

any agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase


antimuscarinic

en-adj

antimuscarinic (comparative more antimuscarinic, superlative most antimuscarinic)

more antimuscarinic (comparative)
most antimuscarinic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That disrupts the action of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, and/or of muscarine itself, in the nervous system.

antimuscarínico

that disrupts the action of muscarine on the nervous system


antinicotinic

antinicotinic (comparative more antinicotinic, superlative most antinicotinic)

more antinicotinic (comparative)
most antinicotinic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That inhibits the actions of nicotine and nicotine-like agents on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors


phytopharmaceutical

(pharmacology) Describing pharmaceutical agents of plant origin.


phytopharmaceutical

(pharmacology) A pharmaceutical agent of plant origin.


bioequivalence

(pharmacology) A measure of the equivalence of multiple formulations of a drug in terms of bioavailability


artemisinin

en-noun

artemisinin (countable and uncountable, plural artemisinins)

Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) isolated from Artemisia annua is a novel sesquiterpene lactone bearing an unusual endoperoxide function.

1994 May, Mankil Jung, “Current Developments in the Chemistry of Artemisinin and Related Compounds”, in Current Medicinal Chemistry, page 35:

The practical value of artemisinin itself as a therapeutic agent has been limited by several factors, however. Artemisinin has a high rate of recrudescence [8], poor oral activity [8], a short half-life in plasma [9], and limited solubility in both water and oil [10].

1998, Dee Ann Casteel, “Synthesis of Simple Bridged Bicyclic Trioxanes as Analogs of the Antimalarial Natural Product, Atemisinin”, in Attaur Rahman, editor, New Trends in Natural Product, page 30:

The emerging resistance to artemisinin is partly due to the complexity of the parasite and the unstoppable nature of its ability to evolve. But it is also the direct result of greed, for which there is no drug or vaccine.
In early 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the discovery of malaria parasites along the Thai-Cambodia border that were proving resistant to commonly used derivatives of artemisinin called artesunate and anthemeter.

2010, Bill Shore, The Imaginations of Unreasonable Men, page 222:

Artemisia annua
Artemisia annua#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antimalarial drug derived from the sweet wormwood shrub, Artemisia annua, found as the active ingredient in traditional Chinese medical herbal treatment for malaria, chemically a sesquiterpene lactone - C₁₅H₂₂O₅.


cromolyn

cromolyn (countable and uncountable, plural cromolyns)

Two distinct anti-allergic drugs, amlexanox and cromolyn, bind to the same kinds of calcium binding proteins, except calmodulin, in bovine lung extract.

2006, Journal of the National Cancer Institute:

(pharmacology) A chemical substance, acting as a mast cell stabilizer.


prescription drug

prescription drug (plural prescription drugs)

2007, Steven Wilson, "Normal", Porcupine Tree, Nil Recurring.
Prescription drugs, they help me through the day / And that restraining order keeps me well at bay / And what's normal now, anyway?

(pharmacology) A licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a prescription before it can be obtained.


nedocromil

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A medication used to prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, and other breathing problems caused by asthma.


sudorific

en-adj

sudorific (comparative more sudorific, superlative most sudorific)

more sudorific (comparative)
most sudorific (superlative)
sudorifick (alternative)

From New Latin sudorificus, from sūdor (“sweat”) (from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd- (“sweat; to sweat”)) + -ificus (from Proto-Italic *-fakos (suffix forming adjectives that denote bringing or making), ultimately related to Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”)).

der

The treatment of the "Charity [Hôpital de la Charité, Paris]," as administered now, consists in an assemblage of numerous substances endowed with different properties. It is as follows: First day, cassia water; simple sudorific ptisan, purgative clyster in the morning, anodyne clyster in the evening, theriaca one ounce, opium 1 gr.

1848, L. Tanquerel des Planches, “Treatment”, in Samuel L[uther] Dana, transl., Lead Diseases: A Treatise from the French of L. Tanquerel des Planches, with Notes and Additions on the Use of Lead Pipe and Its Substitutes, Lowell, Mass.: Daniel Bixby and Company, →OCLC, page 152:

That the skin is much affected under the sense of great fear, we see in the marvellous and inexplicable manner in which perspiration immediately exudes from it. This exudation is all the more remarkable, as the surface is then cold, and hence the term a cold sweat; whereas, the sudorific glands are properly excited into action when the surface is heated.

1872, Charles Darwin, “Surprise—Astonishment—Fear—Horror”, in The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, →OCLC, page 290:

The fortunes of the Helvetius family [i.e., the family of Johann Friedrich Schweitzer] were established firmly upon the sudorific, expectorant and emetic qualities of the root of ipecacuanha.

1955, Ian Cumming, “The Wisdom of Our Ancestors”, in Helvetius: His Life and Place in the History of Educational Thought (International Library of Sociology and Social Reconstruction; Sociological Approach to the Study of History), London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, →OCLC; reprinted as Helvetius: His Life and Place in the History of Educational Thought (The International Library of Sociology), London: Routledge, 2001, →ISBN, page 1:

(chiefly pharmacology) That produces sweating.


sudorific

sudorifics (plural)
sudorifick (alternative)

[A]s it was obſerved that acute diſtempers are ſometimes terminated by a critical ſweat, it was concluded that the moſt powerful ſudorifics were the beſt means of accompliſhing this deſirable end. This gave riſe to the deſtructive and fatal practice, which ſoon became univerſal, of adminiſtering heating remedies in diſeaſes of an inflammatory nature: […]

1770, Thomas Percival, “Essay I. The Empiric.”, in Essays Medical and Experimental on the Following Subjects, viz. I. The Empiric. II. The Dogmatic. { Or, Arguments For and Against the Use of Theory and Reasoning in Physick. III. Experiments and Observations on Astringents and Bitters. IV. On the Uses and Operations of Blisters. V. On the Resemblance between Chyle and Milk, London: Printed for T. Lowndes, No. 77, in Fleet-street, →OCLC, pages 36–37:

The whole of this hill is covered with the wild sage, the salvia pomifera, […] It enters into the materia medica of the modern Greeks, and is taken as tea, and used as a sudorific in feverish cases.

1819, Edward Dodwell, chapter VI, in A Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece, during the Years 1801, 1805, and 1806. … In Two Volumes, volume II, London: Printed for Rodwell and Martin, New Bond-Street, →OCLC, page 228:

Fortunately the fever attacked me in the district town at the inn; I sent for the doctor. In half-an-hour the district doctor appeared, a thin, dark-haired man of middle height. He prescribed me the usual sudorific, ordered a mustard-plaster to be put on, very deftly slid a five-rouble note up his sleeve, coughing drily and looking away as he did so, and then was getting up to go home, but somehow fell into talk and remained.

1895, Ivan Turgenev, “The District Doctor”, in Constance Garnett, transl., A Sportsman’s Sketches [...] Translated from the Russian (The Novels of Ivan Turgenev; VIII), volume I, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 56:

(pharmacology) A medicine that produces sweating.


suxamethonium

From suxa- (“alteration of succinyl”) + meth(ylene) + -onium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

af

suxamethonium chloride
suxamethonium chloride#English

(pharmacology) Synonym of suxamethonium chloride.


sympatholytic

sympatholytics (plural)
sympatheticolytic (alternative)
sympathecolytic (alternative)
sympathetolytic (alternative)
sympathicolytic (alternative)

(pharmacology) Any medicine having this effect.


antifolate

(pharmacology) That inhibits the activity of folic acid

antifolato

that inhibits the activity of folic acid


antifolate

(pharmacology) Any drug that inhibits the activity of folic acid; a folate antagonist

antifolato

any drug that inhibits the activity of folic acid


ceftriaxone

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + tria(zine) + [Term?] + -one.

Ofloxacin and ceftriaxone had the highest sensitivity pattern to these uropathogens.

2015 July 24, Fidelis Agwu Onu et al., “Profile and microbiological isolates of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women in Abakaliki, Nigeria”, in Infection and Drug Resistance, volume 8, →DOI:

(pharmacology) A synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.


debrisoquine

(pharmacology) A drug (derived from isoquinoline) used in the treatment of hypertension


methotrexate

en-noun

methotrexate (countable and uncountable, plural methotrexates)

methotrexates (plural)
MTX (abbreviation)

/ˌmɛθ.əˈtɹɛkˌseɪt/

Probably from metho- + tre- (“alteration of pteridine”) + (carbo)x(yl)ate.

af

One group would be treated with intensive methotrexate dosing, while the other group would be treated with milder and less intensive dosing.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate, published 2011, page 133:

(pharmacology) An antimetabolite and antifolate drug used in treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, and ectopic pregnancies.


electuary

From Middle English electuarie, eletuarie, electuary, from Latin electuarium, from Ancient Greek ἐκλείκτον (ekleíkton, “medicine which is licked away”), from ἐκλείχω (ekleíkhō, “I lick up”), from ἐκ (ek, “out, from”) + λείχω (leíkhō, “I lick”). Doublet of lekvar.

der

℞. the three kinds of Saunders, and Diarrhodon Abbatis, ana. ℈. j. the bone of the Harts heart one in number, Sugar roſate tabulate, of white Sugar diſſolued in Roſe water as much as ſufficeth, make an Electuarie, gild it with leaues of pure gold in weight, ℥. ß.

1624, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Electuaries, and Conserues: of Lozenges, and Manus Christi”, in The Method of Physick, Contaning^([sic]) the Cavses, Signes, and Cvres of Inward Diseases in Mans Body, from the Head to the Foote. Whereunto is Added, The Forme and Rule of Making Remedies and Medicines, which Our Physitions Commonly Vse at this Day, with the Proportion, Quantity, and Names of Each Medicine, 6th edition, book VII, London: Imprinted by Richard Field, dwelling in great Woodstreete, →OCLC, page 402:

(pharmacology) Any preparation of a medicine mixed with honey or other sweetener in order to make it more palatable to swallow.

elettuario

preparation of a medicine mixed with a sweetener


vectorize

en-verb

vectorize (third-person singular simple present vectorizes, present participle vectorizing, simple past and past participle vectorized)

vectorizes (present singular third-person)
vectorizing (participle present)
vectorized (participle past)
vectorized (past)
vectorise (alternative)

[…] peculiarities of the CNT structure can be used to vectorize drugs and other chemicals.

2018, Shyam Mohapatra et al., editors, Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 475:

(pharmacology) To lead selectively a drug to a target.


antihemorrhagic

en-adj

antihemorrhagic (comparative more antihemorrhagic, superlative most antihemorrhagic)

more antihemorrhagic (comparative)
most antihemorrhagic (superlative)
anti-hemorrhagic (alternative)
antihaemorrhagic (alternative)
anti-haemorrhagic (alternative)
antihæmorrhagic (alternative)
anti-hæmorrhagic (alternative)

(pharmacology) That stops or reduces hemorrhage.


antihemorrhagic

antihemorrhagics (plural)
anti-hemorrhagic (alternative)
antihaemorrhagic (alternative)
anti-haemorrhagic (alternative)
antihæmorrhagic (alternative)
anti-hæmorrhagic (alternative)

(pharmacology) Any drug etc. that stops or reduces hemorrhage.

anti-hemorrágico

any drug etc. that stops or reduces hemorrhage


calcitriol

From calci- (“vitamin D analog/derivative”) + triol.

af

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A physiologically active metabolic derivative C₂₇H₄₄O₃ of cholecalciferol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) that is synthesized in the liver and kidney and stimulates the intestinal absorption of calcium.


zanamivir

/zəˈnæm.ɪˌvɪɹ/

From zan- (of unknown origin) + -amivir (“neuraminidase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug C₁₂H₂₀N₄O₇ that is a neuraminidase inhibitor taken by oral inhalation in the treatment and prophylaxis of Influenzavirus.


prokinetic

(pharmacology) Having the ability to induce motion in smooth muscles, especially those of the digestive system; gastrokinetic


prokinetic

(pharmacology) One of the class of drugs used on the digestive system, including all drugs whose primary effect is to augment the speed of intestinal transit by increasing the frequency of contractions in the small intestine or making them stronger, but without disrupting their rhythm.


scilla

From Latin scilla, from Ancient Greek σκίλλα (skílla). Doublet of squill.

Scilla, or sea onyon, hot and dry in the third degree.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 4, member 2, subsection i:

(pharmacology) A bulb of Urginea scilla.


short-acting

en-adj

short-acting (comparative more short-acting, superlative most short-acting)

more short-acting (comparative)
most short-acting (superlative)

Short-acting insulin is maximally effective for one to three hours.

I have tried all the medium and short acting non-barbiturate sedatives since the war (including thalidomide) but they don’t work and I don’t trust the newfangled long acting, “safe” analgesics.

1988, E[dward] J[ames] Moran Campbell, Not Always on the Level, [London]: British Medical Journal, →ISBN, page 194:

(pharmacology) Having a pharmaceutical effect principally in the short term.

действащ кратко време

having a pharmaceutical effect in the short term


phenytoin

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound related to hydantoin, used as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of epilepsy.


IVIG

(medicine, pharmacology) Abbreviation of intravenous immunoglobulin.


phenylephrine

en-noun

phenylephrine (usually uncountable, plural phenylephrines)

α-adrenergic receptor
α-adrenergic receptor

(medicine, pharmacology) An α-adrenergic receptor agonist related to adrenaline, used as a vasoconstrictor and nasal decongestant; 3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylamino-ethyl)phenol, with the formula C₉H₁₃NO₂.


amoxicillin

amoxicillin (countable and uncountable, plural amoxicillins)

amoxicillins (plural)
amoxycillin (alternative)

From am(picillin) + (hydr)oxy + -cillin.

(pharmacology) A moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic beta-lactam antibiotic C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S closely related to ampicillin and with similar properties, but more readily absorbed when taken orally. It is used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.


trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

(pharmacology) A combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in the ratio of 1 to 5.


raloxifene

From ral- (of unknown origin) + -oxifene (“tamoxifen derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug used orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₈H₂₇NO₄S·HCl as prophylaxis against osteoporosis after menopause.


rapamycin

From Rapa Nui Rapa (Nui) (“Easter Island”) + -mycin.

(pharmacology) Alternative form of sirolimus.


naproxen

These days, especially when she kept on top of taking her naproxen, the hurt in her joints and limbs merely teased.

2021, Rivers Solomon, Sorrowland, #Merky Books, page 200:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and thereby reduces pain, fever, inflammation, and stiffness.


mecamylamine

(pharmacology) A norbornane derivative which is a ganglionic nicotinic blocking agent, sometimes used in treating extreme hypertension; N,2,3,3-tetramethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ylamine, C₁₁H₂₁N.


doxorubicin

en-noun

doxorubicin (countable and uncountable, plural doxorubicins)

doxorubicins (plural)
adriablastin (alternative)
hydroxydaunorubicin (alternative)

From d(e)ox(y)- + -o- + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) An anthracycline antibiotic drug (trademark Adriamycin) with broad antineoplastic activity that is obtained from a bacterium (Streptomyces peucetius subsp. caesius) and is administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₁·HCl in chemotherapy.


bleomycin

en-noun

bleomycin (countable and uncountable, plural bleomycins)

From [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

Bleomycin, which could scar lungs without warning, was an antibiotic derived from a mold.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 206:

(pharmacology) Any of a family of antineoplastic drug obtained from Streptomyces verticillus.


vinblastine

en-noun

vinblastine (countable and uncountable, plural vinblastines)

vinblastines (plural)
vincaleucoblastine (alternative)

Madagascar periwinkle
Madagascar periwinkle

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A cytotoxic compound C₄₆H₅₈N₄O₉ of the alkaloid class obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used especially in the form of its sulfate in the treatment of lymphomas.


aclarubicin

From [Term?] + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy.


aminopterin

en-noun

aminopterin (countable and uncountable, plural aminopterins)

(pharmacology) A 4-amino analog of folic acid used as a chemotherapy drug.


amsacrine

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -crine (“acridine derivative”).


azathioprine

en-noun

azathioprine (countable and uncountable, plural azathioprines)

/ˌæz.əˈθaɪ.əˌpɹin/

The patient was treated with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine, as well as burn center protocol care with daily tankings.

1993, Virginia Medical Quarterly, volumes 120-121, page 44:

(pharmacology) A purine antimetabolite immunosuppressant used in organ transplant and autoimmune diseases to prevent rejection.


carboplatin

From carbo- + -platin (“platinum derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) An organic derivative of platinum that is used in chemotherapy.


cladribine

From chl(or)- + ad(enine) + -ribine (“ribofuranosyl derivative of the pirazofurin type”).


cytarabine

From cyt(osine) + -arabine (“arabinofuranosyl derivative”).

cytosine arabinoside (alternative)
ara-C (alternative)

(pharmacology) A cytotoxic antineoplastic agent C₉H₁₃N₃O₅ that is a synthetic isomer of the naturally occurring nucleoside of cytosine and arabinose and is used to treat several types of leukemias, especially acute myeloid leukemia in adults.

-citabine

nucleoside antiviral or antineoplastic agent


cytosine arabinoside

(pharmacology) Alternative form of cytarabine.


daunorubicin

en-noun

daunorubicin (countable and uncountable, plural daunorubicins)

daunorubicins (plural)
daunomycin (alternative)
rubidomycin (alternative)

From Italian Daunia (“ancient region of Apulia”) + -o- + rubi(domy)cin.

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic anthracycline antibiotic C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₀ which is a nitrogenous glycoside that interferes with DNA synthesis and is used in the treatment of acute leukemia and other cancers.


docetaxel

From [Term?] + -taxel (“taxane derivative”).

Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata#Translingual

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic antineoplastic drug C₄₃H₅₃NO₁₄·3H₂O (trademark Taxotere) that is administered intravenously to treat various cancers (as of the lung, breast, or prostate) and is derived from the needles of a yew tree (Taxus baccata) of Europe.


paclitaxel

From Taxus brevifolia + Latin (brevifo)li(a) + -taxel (“alteration of taxol”).

(pharmacology) A taxane antineoplastic drug C₄₇H₅₁NO₁₄ originally isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, but now typically derived as a semisynthetic product of the English yew; it interferes with microtubule function and inhibits cell division, and is used in the treatment of some cancers, especially those of the breast and ovary.


estramustine

From estra(diol) + -mustine (“antineoplastic, alkylating agent”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic steroidal estrogen whose phosphate is used to counter prostate cancer.


fludarabine

(pharmacology) An antineoplastic agent that is an analog of vidarabine and is administered intravenously in the form of its phosphate C₁₀H₁₃FN₅O₇P especially in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


fluorouracil

en-noun

fluorouracil (countable and uncountable, plural fluorouracils)

/ˌflʊə.ɹə(ʊ)ˈjʊə.ɹə.sɪl/

/ˌflɔː.ɹə(ʊ)ˈjʊə.ɹə.sɪl/

/ˌflɔː.ɹə(ʊ)ˈjɔː.ɹə.sɪl/

/ˌflʊɹ.oʊˈjʊɹ.əˌsɪl/

(pharmacology) A fluorine-substituted derivative of uracil C₄H₃FN₂O₂ which inhibits DNA synthesis and is used as a chemotherapy drug in the treatment of cancer.


gemcitabine

From [Term?] + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

af

In the winter, we had switched to a new drug called gemcitabine, or Gemzar.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 154:


idarubicin

(pharmacology) A particular anthracycline drug used in chemotherapy.


ifosfamide

From i(so)- + -fosfamide (“alkylating agent”).


vincristine

en-noun

vincristine (countable and uncountable, plural vincristines)

From vin- (“vinca alkaloid”) + Latin crista (“tuft of leaves on plants”) + -ine.

af

Although originally intended as an antidiabetic, vincristine at small doses was found to kill leukemia cells.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), pages 139–140:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A cytotoxic compound C₄₆H₅₆N₄O₁₀ of the alkaloid class obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used especially in the form of its sulfate to treat acute leukemia and other cancers.


mafosfamide

From [Term?] + -fosfamide (“alkylating agent”).

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in the treatment of cancer.


mechlorethamine

From me(thyl) + chlor(o)eth(yl) + -amine.

(pharmacology) Alternative form of chlormethine.


mercaptopurine

en-noun

mercaptopurine (countable and uncountable, plural mercaptopurines)

(pharmacology) An thiol antimetabolite C₅H₄N₄S that interferes especially with the metabolism of purine bases and the biosynthesis of nucleic acids and that is sometimes used in the treatment of acute leukemia.


amethopterin

/ˌæm.əˈθɑp.təɹ.ɪn/

From am(ino)- + metho- + pter(oyl) + -in.

(pharmacology, dated) Synonym of methotrexate.


mitotane

Probably from mito- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + (e)thane.

(pharmacology) A particular oral drug used to treat cancer.


mitoxantrone

Probably from mit- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + (dihydr)ox(y) + ant(hraquin)one.

af

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy.


nedaplatin

From [Term?] + -platin (“platinum derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular drug used to treat cancer.


nelarabine

From [Term?] + -arabine (“arabinofuranosyl derivative”).


nilotinib

Origin unknown; the suffix -tinib denotes a pharmaceutical drug that is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat cancer.


oxaliplatin

From oxalate + -i- + -platin (“platinum derivative”).


leucovorin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in cancer treatment.


folinic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy for cancer.

folinate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


pirarubicin

From pyra(n) + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).


plicamycin

From translingual (Streptomyces) plica(tus) + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

(pharmacology) An antibiotic C₅₂H₇₆O₂₄ with antineoplastic activity which is produced by three bacteria of the genus Streptomyces (Streptomyces argillaceus, Streptomyces tanashiensis, and Streptomyces plicatus), acts by inhibiting DNA transcription and replication, and is administered intravenously especially in the treatment of malignant tumors of the testes or in the treatment of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria associated with advanced neoplastic disease.


mithramycin

en-noun

mithramycin (countable and uncountable, plural mithramycins)

From [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).


tioguanine

(pharmacology) A crystalline compound C₅H₅N₅S which is a thio analog of guanine with cytotoxic properties as an antimetabolite, given orally in the treatment of leukemia.


trofosfamide

From tr(is)- + -o- + -fosfamide (“alkylating agent”).


troxacitabine

From [Term?] + oxa- + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).


valrubicin

From val(erate) + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).


vinflunine

From vin- (“vinca alkaloid”) + (di)flu(oro).

(pharmacology) A particular antitumor drug.


zorubicin

From [Term?] + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).


antianginal

(pharmacology) Any drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, a symptom of ischaemic heart disease.


antianginal

(pharmacology) Used in the treatment of angina pectoris.

antianginal

used in the treatment of angina pectoris


gentamycin

(pharmacology) Alternative spelling of gentamicin.


bica

(pharmacology, informal) Clipping of bicalutamide.


zileuton

Probably from (ben)z(oth)i(ophene) + leu(ko)t(riene) + -on.

(pharmacology) An asthma drug that blocks leukotriene synthesis by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme of the eicosanoid synthesis pathway.


tret

Important to keep in mind: It usually takes up to three months to see a difference with tretinoin. So don’t expect miracles in a matter of a few weeks. However! Because I had been using tret previously, it really was like I just added the tranexamic acid and topical spiro to my routine.

2024 September 24, Beth Gillette, “I Tested Apostrophe, and I’ll Never Get Acne Meds From My Derm’s Office Again”, in Cosmopolitan:

(pharmacology, informal) Clipping of tretinoin.


date rape drug

(informal, pharmacology) A drug with sedative, hypnotic, dissociative, or amnesiac effects which is used to assist in the commission of a sexual assault (a date rape), In particular, the drug flunitrazepam ("roofies").


EUA

This week, the FDA issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for a a monoclonal antibody combination for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in adults and pediatric patients

2021 February 12, “Coronavirus (COVID-19) update”, in U.S. Food & Drug Administration:

emergency use authorization
w:emergency use authorization

(pharmacology) Initialism of emergency use authorization.


lead hopping

(pharmacology) the identification of isofunctional molecular structures with significantly different molecular backbones


mevastatin

From [Term?] + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

Penicillium citrinum
Penicillium citrinum

(pharmacology) A statin, produced by the mould Penicillium citrinum, used in the production of pravastatin


pravastatin

From pra- (of unknown origin) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

Among statins, only simvastatin (up to 7.5 ng/L) and pravastatin (up to 40.4 ng/L) were identified in the raw water being these concentrations substantially higher than those found in the literature, 1 ng/L for pravastatin (Miao and Metcalfe, 2003) and 1.4 ng/L for atorvastatin and 1.0 ng/L for its metabolites o- and p-hydroxy atorvastatin in surface waters (Benotti et al., 2009).

2011 June 27, Ma Rosa Boleda, Ma Teresa Galceran, Francesc Ventura, “Behavior of pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) using combined conventional and ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis (UF/RO) treatments”, in Environmental Pollution, volume 159, number 6, →DOI, pages 1584-1591:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A statin used to lower blood cholesterol levels, especially after a heart attack.


bromhexine

(pharmacology) A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus.


abciximab

From fragment antigen-binding + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -ximab (“chimeric monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A powerful anticlotting drug (trademark ReoPro) that inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to a glycoprotein receptor on human platelets and that consists of the F_(ab) fragment from a chimeric monoclonal antibody prepared from humans and mice.


qinghaosu

/ˌt͡ʃɪŋhaʊˈsuː/

Borrowed from Mandarin 青蒿素 (qīnghāosù, “sweet wormwood element”).

bor

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The drug artemisinin.


azithromycin

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic C₃₈H₇₂N₂O₁₂ (trademarks Zithromax, Z-PAK) that is derived from erythromycin and is used especially as an antibacterial agent.


erythromycin

en-noun

erythromycin (countable and uncountable, plural erythromycins)

/ɪˌɹɪθ.ɹə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪ.sɪn/

/ɪˌɹɪθ.ɹəˈmaɪ.sn̩/

From Streptomyces erythreus + -o- + -mycin (“antibiotic from a Streptomyces strain”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic similar to penicillin, used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.


long-acting

en-adj

long-acting (comparative more long-acting, superlative most long-acting)

more long-acting (comparative)
most long-acting (superlative)

(pharmacology) Having a pharmaceutical effect principally in the long term.


beclomethasone dipropionate

(pharmacology) A potent glucocorticoid steroid use to treat asthma.


spasmogen

When tested on rats, the compound was found to be a spasmogen.

(pharmacology) A substance which induces spasms.


musculotropic

musculotropic (comparative more musculotropic, superlative most musculotropic)

more musculotropic (comparative)
most musculotropic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Acting on muscle tissue, particularly with a stimulating effect.


musculotropic

(pharmacology) An antispasmodic drug which acts upon muscle.


hydrochlorothiazide

en-noun

hydrochlorothiazide (countable and uncountable, plural hydrochlorothiazides)

/ˌhaɪ.dɹəˌklɔɹ.əˈθaɪ.əˌzaɪd/

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A diuretic drug, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide, that inhibits the kidneys' ability to retain water and lowers blood pressure.


thiazide

/ˈθʌɪ.əz.ʌɪd/

From thio- + azine + oxide, or blend of (benzo)thia(di)azine + dioxide.

(pharmacology) Any of a class of sulfur-containing drugs that increase the excretion of sodium and chloride and are used as diuretics and to assist in lowering the blood pressure.


neurotropic

en-adj

neurotropic (comparative more neurotropic, superlative most neurotropic)

more neurotropic (comparative)
most neurotropic (superlative)
neurotropical (alternative)

(pharmacology) Of or pertaining to neurotropism.


phytoequivalence

From phyto- + equivalence. Calque of the German Phytoäquivalenz, a term of the same meaning which was introduced by the German Commission E, an expert commission on herbal medicine, in the 1980s.

(pharmacology, herbal medicine) A physiological equivalence between the effects of two herbal extracts, the efficacy of one of which has been clinically demonstrated.

Phytoäquivalenz

physiological equivalence between two herbal extracts


ciclosporin

cyclosporin (alternative)
cyclosporine (alternative)

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug C₆₂H₁₁₁N₁₁O₁₂ that is a cyclic polypeptide obtained as a metabolite from a fungus (Tolypocladium inflatum) and is used especially to prevent rejection of transplanted organs and in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.


shock therapy

en-noun

shock therapy (usually uncountable, plural shock therapies)

From shock + therapy. The medical sense first appears c. 1917 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine.

(medicine, pharmacology) The use of a single, very large dose of a medicine.


shooting gallery

shooting gallery (plural shooting galleries)

(drugs, slang) A room where recreational drug users inject themselves with a drug.


azidothymidine

azidothymidine (countable and uncountable, plural azidothymidines)

azidothymidines (plural)
AZT (abbreviation)

/eɪˌzʌɪ.dəʊˈθʌɪ.mɪ.diːn/


zidovudine

zidovudine (countable and uncountable, plural zidovudines)

zidovudines (plural)
ZDV (abbreviation)
azidothymidine (alternative)
AZT (alternative)

(pharmacology) A nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄, a type of antiretroviral drug that inhibits replication of some retroviruses (such as HIV) and was first approved for the treatment of AIDS.


natalizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease.


QID

Abbreviation of Latin quater / quattuor in diē.

Dilatation of this type “irons out the folds” of the urethra, giving better drainage of the paraurethral glands, stimulating circulation and promoting rapid healing, especially when small doses (7½ gr. q.i.d.) of one of the triple-sulfonamides are given as an adjunct.

1951 January, Gordon W. Reynolds, “The Female Urethra and Chronic Urethritis”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 1, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 34:


amphotericin B

(biochemistry, pharmacology) An antibiotic that is obtained from a soil streptomycete (Streptomyces nodosus) and is administered typically by intravenous injection chiefly to treat serious, potentially life-threatening, systemic fungal infections.


CAI

en-noun

CAI (countable and uncountable, plural CAIs)

(pharmacology) Initialism of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.


docusate

(pharmacology) Synonym of docusate sodium.


tamoxifen

tamoxifen (countable and uncountable, plural tamoxifens)

From t(rans)- + am(ine) + oxy- + phen(yl).

Treatment with tamoxifen after surgery reduced cancer relapse rates by nearly 50 percent.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 4:

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist used in the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer and infertility in women.

-oxifene

antiestrogen or estrogen receptor modulator


cerumenolytic

(pharmacology) A chemical that softens or removes cerumen (earwax).


cerumenolytic

en-adj

cerumenolytic (comparative more cerumenolytic, superlative most cerumenolytic)

more cerumenolytic (comparative)
most cerumenolytic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Of or relating to cerumenolysis, the process of softening cerumen (earwax) for removal.


gabapentin

gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-aminobutyric acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug C₉H₁₇NO₂ structurally related to gamma-aminobutyric acid that is administered orally as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures.


antifibrotic

an antifibrotic treatment

(pharmacology) Acting to inhibit or reduce fibrosis


antifibrotic

An antifibrotic was administered.

(pharmacology) A drug that inhibits or reduces fibrosis

antifibrótico

a drug that inhibits or reduces fibrosis


neomycin

en-noun

neomycin (countable and uncountable, plural neomycins)

From neo- + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

The bowel is prepared preoperatively with neomycin and sulfathalidine. A wide transverse lower abdominal incision is used.

1954 February 15, Oswald S. Lowsley, Thomas H. Johnson, Antonio E. Rueda, “Operation for Urinary Diversion”, in Modern Medicine, volume 22, number 4, Minneapolis, Minn.: Modern Medicine Publications, Inc., page 89:

Streptomyces fradiae
Streptomyces fradiae#Translingual

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic related to streptomycin that is produced by a streptomyces (Streptomyces fradiae) and used medically especially to treat local infections.


dexamethasone

en-noun

dexamethasone (countable and uncountable, plural dexamethasones)

From dex- + -a- + -methasone (“prednisone or prednisolone derivative”).

af

Many dexamethasones act as anti-inflammatory agents.

Lee showed her how to feed the baby with the dexamethasone syrup.

2019, Namwali Serpell, The Old Drift, Hogarth, page 245:

Dexamethasone, a widely available and affordable generic steroid, was shown to cut the risk of death by a third for Covid patients on ventilators, and by nearly a fifth for those on oxygen therapy.

2021 March 23, Natalie Grover, Denis Campbell, “Dexamethasone hailed as lifesaver for up to a million Covid patients worldwide”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(pharmacology, biochemistry) A synthetic member of the glucocorticoid-class of steroid hormones, having the chemical formula C₂₂H₂₉FO₅, and used especially as an anti-inflammatory agent.


isoniazid

en-noun

isoniazid (countable and uncountable, plural isoniazids)

isoniazids (plural)
isonicotinylhydrazide (alternative)
INH (alternative)
retozide (alternative)

(pharmacology) A synthetic, crystalline compound, C₆H₇N₃O, (trademarks Hydra, Hyzyd, Isovit, Laniazid, Nydrazid, Rimifon, Stanozide) used as a bacteriostatic medication in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.


puromycin

puromycin (countable and uncountable, plural puromycins)

(pharmacology) An antibiotic that is a strong inhibitor of protein translation.


prodrug

/ˈpɹəʊ.dɹʌɡ/

/ˈpɹoʊ.dɹʌɡ/

(pharmacology) A drug that is administered in an inactive form that is metabolised in the body into a biologically active compound.


metronidazole

metronidazole (countable and uncountable, plural metronidazoles)

From me(thyl) + -tronidazole (“alteration of nitroimidazole”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic of the nitroimidazole group, used to treat vaginal trichomoniasis, amebiasis, and infections by anaerobic bacteria.


cardioprotective

en-adj

cardioprotective (comparative more cardioprotective, superlative most cardioprotective)

more cardioprotective (comparative)
most cardioprotective (superlative)

Whereas a naturally caffeinated food such as chocolate contains about 12 milligrams of caffeine, and beverages such as coffee and tea contain up to 95 milligrams of natural caffeine per serving, energy drinks can contain as much as 300 grams of synthetic caffeine per serving.
 This spike in caffeine content has been associated with heart attacks in young people, but some studies show that coffee and tea have cardioprotective effects.

2023 December 6–12, Vance Voetberg, “Aging Effects of Synthetic Versus Natural Caffeine”, in The Epoch Times, U.S. edition, number 489, B, page 9:

(pharmacology) That serves to protect the heart.


cardioprotective

(pharmacology) A remedy that serves to protect the heart.


antiepileptic

This drug has an antiepileptic effect.

(pharmacology) Acting to prevent epileptic seizures


arrhythmogenic

arrhythmogenic (comparative more arrhythmogenic, superlative most arrhythmogenic)

more arrhythmogenic (comparative)
most arrhythmogenic (superlative)

Catecholamines have an arrhythmogenic effect.

(cardiology, pharmacology) Relating to arrhythmogenesis


carbenoxolone

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic derivative of glycyrrhizinic acid having the chemical formula C₃₄H₅₀O₇; used as a drug for treatment of various conditions including esophageal inflammation.


international unit

en-noun

international unit (plural international units)

(pharmacology) A particular, minute unit of mass, defined differently for different substances, but so that varying substances of the same general type have the property that one international unit of the one has the same effect on the human body as one international unit of the other.


IU

international unit
international unit#English

(pharmacology) Initialism of international unit.


methylprednisolone

methylprednisolone (countable and uncountable, plural methylprednisolones)

1993, Virginia Medical Quarterly, volumes 120–121, page 44:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic glucocorticoid, C₂₂H₃₀O₅, used chiefly in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.


DDI

DDI (countable and uncountable, plural DDIs)

(pharmacology) Abbreviation of dideoxyinosine; also ddI.


clonidine

clonidine (usually uncountable, plural clonidines)

(pharmacology) A drug that acts as an α₂-adrenoreceptor agonist, used in the treatment of hypertension, opiate withdrawal, and a variety of other conditions.


artemether

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + meth- + ether.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antimalarial derived from artemisinin, and used to treat multiply drug-resistant strains of falciparum malaria.


chloroquine

en-noun

chloroquine (countable and uncountable, plural chloroquines)

From chloro- + -quine (“quinoline derivative”).

af

Perhaps the most egregious example of shifting the standards of evidence comes when the report discusses the off-label use of drugs such as chloroquine and ivermectin.

2024 December 11, John Timmer, “New congressional report: “COVID-19 most likely emerged from a laboratory””, in Ars Technica:

(pharmacology) A 4-aminoquinoline drug used to treat and prevent malaria, having the chemical formula C₁₈H₂₆ClN₃.


atabrine

en-noun

atabrine (usually uncountable, plural atabrines)

atabrines (plural)
atabrin (alternative)
Atabrine (alternative)

Discoid lesions and minor subacute involvement may be controlled by freezing with carbon dioxide or a course of atabrine.

1954 February 15, Henry E. Michelson, “The Syndrome of Lupus Erythematosus”, in Modern Medicine, volume 22, number 4, Minneapolis, Minn.: Modern Medicine Publications, Inc., page 96:


mefloquine

From me(thyl) (“quinoline derivative”) + fl(uor)o- + -quine.

af

The same year the UN banned mefloquine for peacekeeping troops in Cambodia because of concern about the drug's "neuropsychiatric side effects… in military personnel".

2002 October 24, Mark Honigsbaum, “'It's not a benign drug—it has ruined my life'”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

I take thalazole to control the stools, mefloquine for the malaria.

2007, Teju Cole, Every Day is for the Thief, Faber & Faber (2015), page 154:

(pharmacology) An antimalarial drug C₁₇H₁₆F₆N₂O similar to quinine that consists of a fluorinated derivative of quinoline and is used in the form of its hydrochloride for the prevention and treatment of malaria.


duloxetine

(pharmacology) A drug that functions as an SNRI and is administered orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₈H₁₉NOS·HCl especially to treat depression, anxiety, and chronic pain (such as that associated with fibromyalgia and peripheral neuropathy). It is marketed under the trademark Cymbalta.


mirtazapine

en-noun

mirtazapine (countable and uncountable, plural mirtazapines)

Probably from m(ethyl) + irt- (“inversion of tri-”) + aza- (“nitrogen”) + -apine (“psychoactive tricyclic compound”).

af

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug C₁₇H₁₉N₃ taken orally especially to treat major depressive disorder. It is marketed under the trademark Remeron.


pharma

We're investing in pharma and biotech.

(business, pharmacy, pharmacology) The pharmaceutical or drug-making sector.


psychostimulant

en-adj

psychostimulant (comparative more psychostimulant, superlative most psychostimulant)

more psychostimulant (comparative)
most psychostimulant (superlative)

a psychostimulant effect

(pharmacology) Tending to increase mental alertness and awareness


psychostimulant

(pharmacology) A drug that acts to temporarily increase mental alertness or awareness


physostigmine

en-noun

physostigmine (countable and uncountable, plural physostigmines)

From translingual Physostigma venenosum (“the Calabar bean”) + -ine.

af

The substance is physostigmine, a drug first isolated from the Calabar bean (Physostigmine venenosum), a climbing liana that grows in swampy coastal areas of West Africa from Sierra Leone south and east as far as the Cameroons.

1985, Wade Davis, The Serpent and the Rainbow, Simon & Schuster, page 40:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A parasympathomimetic, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor alkaloid of the Calabar bean, used to treat certain medical conditions.


metergoline

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound with the chemical formula C₂₅H₂₉N₃O₂, used as an antagonist.


rivastigmine

From riva- (of known origin) + -stigmine (“acetylcholinesterase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A drug C₁₄H₂₂N₂O₂ that increases acetylcholine levels by inhibiting the action of cholinesterase and is used to treat dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.


neostigmine

From neo- + -stigmine (“acetylcholinesterase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An anticholinesterase drug used in the form of its bromide C₁₂H₁₉BrN₂O₂ or a methyl sulfate derivative C₁₃H₂₂N₂O₆S especially in the diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis and in the treatment of urinary bladder or bowel atony.


meprobamate

en-noun

meprobamate (countable and uncountable, plural meprobamates)

From me(thyl) + pro(pyl) + -bamate (“tranquilizer”).

af

(pharmacology) A carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug.


indometacin

From indo(le) + meth(yl) + ac(etic acid) + -in.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A compound with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, used chiefly to treat rheumatoid arthritis and gout.


xylazine

After 15, 30, 60 or 90 days, the animals (n = 5 per time point for each subgroup) were sacrificed via an overdose of ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride (Vetbrands Brazil Limited, Jacareí, SP), and the hemimaxillae were removed and fixed in 10% formalin solution (Fig 1 ).

2015 August 14, “Green Tea Modulates Cytokine Expression in the Periodontium and Attenuates Alveolar Bone Resorption in Type 1 Diabetic Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

The user had a hunch that there was fentanyl in the powder but feared the presence of xylazine, a dangerous animal tranquilizer that can leave oozing wounds on limbs.

2022 December 24, Noah Weiland, “A High-Tech Strategy for Keeping Drug Users Safe: Analyzing Their Fentanyl”, in The New York Times:

In her shattered Philadelphia neighborhood, and increasingly in drug hot zones around the country, an animal tranquilizer called xylazine — known by street names like “tranq,” “tranq dope” and “zombie drug” — is being used to bulk up illicit fentanyl, making its impact even more devastating.

2023 January 7, Jan Hoffman, “Tranq Dope: Animal Sedative Mixed With Fentanyl Brings Fresh Horror to U.S. Drug Zones”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(pharmacology) A potent α₂-adrenergic agonist used for sedation, anesthesia, and analgesia in large mammals; it is also misused as an adulterant in street drugs.


-estr-

(pharmacology) Used to form names of estrogens.


antiobesity

antiobesity medication

(pharmacology, nutrition, of a drug, etc.) Serving to counter obesity.


sevoflurane

From sev(en) + -o- + -flurane (“halogenated compound”).

(pharmacology, surgery) A sweet-smelling, non-flammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.


clindamycin

(pharmacology) A lincosamide antibiotic drug C₁₈H₃₃ClN₂O₅S, mostly used to treat infections with anaerobic bacteria.


artesunate

en-noun

artesunate (countable and uncountable, plural artesunates)

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + su(cci)nate.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug, of the artemisinin group, used to treat malaria.


antifibrinolytic

(pharmacology) Serving to inhibit fibrinolysis.


antifibrinolytic

(pharmacology) An antifibrinolytic agent.


bevacizumab

From beva- (of unknown origin) + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

genetically engineered
genetically engineered

vascular endothelial growth factor
vascular endothelial growth factor

(pharmacology) An anticancer drug that is a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody administered intravenously to slow or inhibit tumor growth especially in some metastatic forms of cancer (such as colorectal cancer). It acts by binding to and inhibiting the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor, a protein that promotes the growth of new blood vessels which supply a spreading tumor. It is marketed under the trademark Avastin.


imatinib

Origin unknown; the suffix -tinib denotes a pharmaceutical drug that is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat certain types of cancer.


sorafenib

(pharmacology) A small molecule drug used to treat cancer of the kidney and liver.


temsirolimus

(pharmacology) An intravenous drug for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, a derivative of sirolimus.


sirolimus

From [Term?] + (mac)rol(ide) + -imus (“immunosuppressant”).

Streptomyces hygroscopicus
Streptomyces hygroscopicus#Translingual

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug C₅₁H₇₉NO₁₃ that is a macrocyclic lactone obtained from a soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus and is taken orally especially to prevent rejection of transplanted organs.


everolimus

From [Term?] + -rolimus (“rapamycin derivative”).

(pharmacology) A derivative of rapamycin, used as an immunosuppressant to prevent rejection of organ transplants.


misoprostol

From m(ethyl) + iso- + -prost- (“prostaglandin”) + -ol.

(pharmacology) A drug used for various purposes including the prevention of drug-induced gastric ulcers and the inducement of abortions, having the chemical formula C₂₂H₃₈O₅.

misoprostol

drug used for the prevention of drug-induced gastric ulcers and the inducement of abortions


varenicline

From vare- (of unknown origin) + -nicline (“nicotinic cholinergic receptor agonist”).

Farewell Zyban, hello Champix, Pfizer's name for a new compound called varenicline, which is not an anti-depressant but a ‘nicotine receptor partial agonist’.

nicotinic cell receptor
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

(pharmacology) A drug taken orally in the form of its tartrate C₁₃H₁₃N₃·C₄H₆O₆ as an aid to stop smoking. It binds to nicotinic cell receptors to block the activity of nicotine while also acting as an agonist to reduce nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It is marketed under the trademark Chantix.


zotepine

en-noun

zotepine (countable and uncountable, plural zotepines)

(pharmacology) An antipsychotic drug used to treat acute and chronic schizophrenia.


denosumab

From arbitrary prefix den- + -os- (“bone”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug (trademarks Prolia and Xgera) that is a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody that reduces bone resorption and increases bone mass by inhibiting osteoclast formation and function and that is administered by injection to prevent fractures associated with osteoporosis and malignant tumors of bone and to treat hypercalcemia associated with various cancers.


infliximab

From infl(ammatory) + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -ximab (“chimeric monoclonal antibody”).

tumor necrosis factor
tumor necrosis factor

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug (trademark Remicade) administered by intravenous injection especially to treat the symptoms of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. It is a chimeric monoclonal antibody prepared from humans and mice that acts by binding to and blocking the activity of tumor necrosis factor.


tiotropium

From thio- (“containing sulfur”) + -trop- (“atropine derivative”) + -ium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

(pharmacology) An anticholinergic drug administered by oral inhalation in the form of its bromide C₁₉H₂₂NO₄S₂Br·H₂O as a bronchodilator in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


nadolol

Probably from na(phthalene) + d(i)ol + -olol (“β-adrenoceptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A beta blocker C₁₇H₂₇NO₄ taken orally in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.


propranolol

en-noun

propranolol (countable and uncountable, plural propranolols)

‘I can see from your records you were prescribed propranolol for your headaches.’

2020, Dr Amir Khan, The Doctor Will See You Now, Ebury Press (2021), page 194:

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound which acts as a beta blocker and is used mainly in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia.


metoprolol

(pharmacology) A beta-blocking drug related to propranolol, used to treat hypertension and angina.


atracurium

From atra- (of unknown origin) + -curium (“curare-like substance”).

af

neuromuscular junction
neuromuscular junction

(pharmacology) A muscle relaxant administered intravenously in the form of its besylate C₆₅H₈₂N₂O₁₈S₂ especially in conjunction with general anesthesia to facilitate insertion of an endotracheal tube or to relax skeletal muscles during surgery or mechanical ventilation. It counteracts the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions by binding to the same receptors it acts upon.


dantrolene

Probably from (hy)dan(toin) + (ni)tro- + (methy)l(id)ene.

(pharmacology) A postsynaptic muscle relaxant that lessens excitation–contraction coupling in muscle cells.


decamethonium

From deca- + meth(ylene) + -onium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

decamethonium bromide
decamethonium bromide#English

(pharmacology) Synonym of decamethonium bromide.


febarbamate

From [Term?] + -barb- (“barbituric acid derivative”) + (c)arbamate.

(pharmacology) A particular muscle relaxant.


isoflurane

(pharmacology) A halogenated ether, 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, that is used as an inhalation anesthetic.


isoproterenol

en-noun

isoproterenol (countable and uncountable, plural isoproterenols)

/ˌʌɪ.səp.ɹəʊ.təˈɹiː.nɒl/

/ˌʌɪ.səʊ.pɹəʊ.təˈɹiː.nɒl/


bisacodyl

From bis- + ac(etate) + -o- + (pyri)dyl.

(pharmacology) A stimulant laxative typically prescribed for relief of constipation and for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction.


tolazoline

tolazoline (countable and uncountable, plural tolazolines)

(pharmacology) A non-selective competitive α-adrenergic receptor antagonist, a vasodilator used to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels (as in acrocyanosis) and in veterinary medicine to reverse xylazine-induced sedation.


pristinamycin

From [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic used primarily in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, and to a lesser extent streptococcal infections.


anticlotting

A year ago, Baxter International and APP Pharmaceuticals split the domestic market for heparin, an anticlotting drug needed for surgery and dialysis .

2009 January 20, Gardiner Harris, “Drug Making’s Move Abroad Stirs Concerns”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Acting to reduce or prevent the formation of blood clots

anticoagulante

acting to reduce or prevent the formation of blood clots


amlodipine

From am(ino-ch)lo(ro) + di(hydro)p(yrid)ine.

calcium channel blocker
calcium channel blocker

(pharmacology) A long-acting calcium channel blocker used as an anti-hypertensive and in the treatment of angina


metformin

en-noun

metformin (countable and uncountable, plural metformins)

From meth- + -formin (“phenformin derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A biguanide derivative, C₄H₁₁N₅, used, now chiefly as the hydrochloride, as an oral hypoglycemic agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus; 1,1-dimethylbiguanide.


bapineuzumab

From [Term?] + neu(ral) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

In 2012, Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson halted development of the antibody drug bapineuzumab, after it failed in late-stage trials to treat patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s.

2018 January 18, Jürgen Götz, “Why it’s so hard to treat dementia”, in CNN:

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody that acts on the nervous system and has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and possibly glaucoma.


ribavirin

en-noun

ribavirin (countable and uncountable, plural ribavirins)

From rib(oside) + -a- + -vir- (“antiviral”) + -in.

af

Due to the paucity of approved treatments, it should come as no surprise that thousands of PWAs/PWARCs have found it necessary to try some of the more widely available alternative treatments. These include DNCB (a compound applied topically that has been used for Kaposi's sarcoma), ribavirin (an anti-viral treatment) and isoprinosene (an immune enhancer).

1988 August 13, Miranda Kolbe, “A PWA Movement of Guerrilla Clinics”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 5, page 8:

(pharmacology) A synthetic analog of guanosine with chemical formula C₈H₁₂N₄O₅ that inhibits viral nucleic acid synthesis and is used as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug especially in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection and chronic hepatitis C.


antiendotoxic

en-adj

antiendotoxic (comparative more antiendotoxic, superlative most antiendotoxic)

more antiendotoxic (comparative)
most antiendotoxic (superlative)

(toxicology, pharmacology) That counteracts the effects of an endotoxin

antiendotóxico

that counteracts the effects of an endotoxin


carbenicillin

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum semisynthetic form of penicillin C₁₇H₁₈N₂O₆S used to treat infection by Gram-negative bacteria (as pseudomonas).


chloramphenicol

en-noun

chloramphenicol (countable and uncountable, plural chloramphenicols)

/ˌklɔɹˌæmˈfɛn.ɪˌkɔl/

From chlor- + am(ide) + phen- + ni(tro)- + (gly)col.

af

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum antibiotic C₁₁H₁₂Cl₂N₂O₅ isolated from cultures of a soil actinomycete (Streptomyces venezuelae) or prepared synthetically and used against serious infections such as typhoid fever.


sulfadoxine

(pharmacology) A long-lasting sulfonamide often used to treat or prevent malaria and certain infections of livestock.


mitomycin

From mito- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

(pharmacology) Any of a family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces lavendulae, one of which is used as a chemotherapeutic agent.


nandrolone

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic anabolic steroid C₁₈H₂₆O₂ derived from testosterone that is used in the form of its ester derivatives medically especially to treat anemia associated with kidney disease and illicitly (as by athletes and bodybuilders) to increase muscle mass.


ethnobotany

en-noun

ethnobotany (usually uncountable, plural ethnobotanies)

(pharmacology) The scientific study of traditional medicinal plants used by various ethnic groups.


etomidate

From eth(yl) + -o- + (i)mid(azole) + (carboxyl)ate.

af

(pharmacology) A short-acting intravenous anaesthetic, ethyl 3-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]imidazole-4-carboxylate.


exemestane

From [Term?] + -mestane (“aromatase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An antineoplastic drug C₂₀H₂₄O₂ (trademark Aromasin) that is taken orally in the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is a steroidal aromatase inhibitor that suppresses the synthesis of estrogen, a hormone that acts as a growth factor for breast cancer cells.


citalopram

Probably from cy(ano)- + (ph)thal(imide) + -o- + pr(opyl)am(ine).

(pharmacology) A drug that functions as a SSRI and is administered orally in the form of its hydrobromide C₂₀H₂₁FN₂O·HBr to treat depression and anxiety. It is marketed under the trademark Celexa.


letrozole

From [Term?] + -rozole (“imidazole-triazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor C₁₇H₁₁N₅ (trademark Femara) that is administered orally to treat breast cancer in postmenopausal women.


amikacin

en-noun

amikacin (countable and uncountable, plural amikacins)

From ami(no)- + -kacin (“kanamycin and bekanamycin derivative”).

af

XDR-TB is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to the two most important antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampin), along with […] a member of the fluoroquinolone class and at least one of three others (capreomycin, kanamycin and amikacin).

2007 March 20, Lawrence K. Altman, “Rise of a Deadly TB Reveals a Global System in Crisis”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is derived from kanamycin and is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in the form of its sulfate C₂₂H₄₃N₅O₁₃·2 H₂SO₄ to treat serious bacterial infections.


antianxiety

Among the most frequent offenders are antidepressants and antianxiety drugs, blood pressure medications and opioid pain relievers.

2007 April 10, Jane E. Brody, “A Lively Libido Isn’t Reserved for the Young”, in New York Times:

(psychology, pharmacology) Acting to combat or reduce anxiety.


antianxiety

(pharmacology) A medication that combats or reduces anxiety.

antiansietas

a medication that combats or reduces anxiety


antiseizure

anti-seize

etymologically similar but idiomatically noninterchangeable

Most neurologists would start a patient like the chief justice on one of a number of antiseizure drugs, Dr. Miller said.

2007 July 31, Linda Greenhouse, “Chief Justice Is Hospitalized After Seizure”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Intended to combat or reduce seizures.


antituberculosis

XDR-TB is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to the two most important antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampin)[…].

(pharmacology) Acting to combat or counteract tuberculosis


capreomycin

en-noun

capreomycin (countable and uncountable, plural capreomycins)

From Latin capreolus + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

(pharmacology) A cyclic peptide antibiotic obtained from a bacterium Saccharothrix mutabilis capreolus, commonly grouped with the aminoglycosides, given in combination with other antibiotics for tuberculosis.


-micin

Blend of translingual Micromonospora + -mycin.

blend

(pharmacology) Used to form names of aminoglycosides, antibiotics obtained from various Micromonospora.


-mycin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of antibiotics produced by Streptomyces strains.

-micin

antibiotics obtained from Micromonospora


-mycin

From Ancient Greek μύκης (múkēs, “fungus”).

(pharmacology) Used to form names of antibiotics that pertain to fungi


apramycin

en-noun

apramycin (countable and uncountable, plural apramycins)

(pharmacology) An aminoglycoside antibiotic.


netilmicin

netilmicin (countable and uncountable, plural netilmicins)

(pharmacology) An aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of serious infections, particularly those resistant to gentamicin.


arbekacin

arbekacin (countable and uncountable, plural arbekacins)

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic.


metyrapone

/mɪˈtʌɪ.ɹə.pəʊn/

From meth- + (dip)yr(idyl) + -a- + (pro)p(an)one.

af

(pharmacology) A compound that inhibits the enzyme 17β-hydroxylase and prevents synthesis of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids by the adrenal gland, used chiefly for assessment of feedback control of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis in adrenal disease, and sometimes in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome and resistant edema; 2-methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridyl-1-propanone, C₅H₄N·CO·C(CH₃)₂·C₅H₄N.


midazolam

I got the vial of midazolam out of the crash trolley and squeezed the contents into the patientʼs mouth.

2020, Dr Amir Khan, The Doctor Will See You Now, Ebury Press (2021), page 127:

(pharmacology) A sedative of the benzodiazepine class, used (as the hydrochloride) chiefly as a premedication for anesthesia; 8-chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine, C₁₈H₁₃ClFN₃.


ethambutol

(pharmacology) A synthetic bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug C₁₀H₂₄N₂O₂ that is a derivative of ethylenediamine, used in the form of its hydrochloride and in combination with other drugs to treat tuberculosis.


clopidogrel

Probably from chlo(ro)- + p(yr)id(ine) + -o- + -grel (“platelet aggregation inhibitor”).

For every 1,000 patients treated with prasugrel instead of clopidogrel, there would be three fewer cardiac-related deaths and 21 fewer nonfatal heart attacks — but there would also be two additional deaths caused by bleeding and three more incidents of serious but nonfatal bleeding, Dr. Unger told the panel.

2009 February 4, Natasha Singer, “F.D.A. Panel Approves Lilly Drug for Clotting”, in New York Times:

coronary artery disease
coronary artery disease

(pharmacology) An oral antiplatelet agent used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease, having the chemical formula C₁₆H₁₆ClNO₂S


drostanolone

(pharmacology) An anabolic steroid used to lower cholesterol levels and as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of some cancers.


thiopental

/ˌθʌɪ.əʊˈpɛn.təl/

(pharmacology) A barbiturate C₁₁H₁₈N₂O₂S (trademark Pentothal) used in the form of its sodium salt especially as an intravenous anesthetic; and as a supposed truth serum.


hyperglycemic

hyperglycemics (plural)
hyperglycaemic (alternative)
hyperglycæmic (alternative)

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat hyperglycemia.


efavirenz

/ɛˈfæv.ɪˌɹɛnz/

/ˌɛf.əˈvaɪˌɹɛnz/

Probably from ef (“fluorine”) + -a- + -vir- (“antiviral”) + (b)enz(oxazinone).

In generic form, it costs one-eighth as much as efavirenz, the most closely related drug.

2007 January 11, Donald G. Mcneil Jr., “AIDS Drug to Protect Fetus Is Safe for Infected Mothers, Study Finds”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor C₁₄H₉ClF₃NO₂ that is administered orally with other antiretroviral agents in the treatment of type-1 HIV infection.


diclofenac

From the systematic name 2-(2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)phenyl)acetic acid.

A study by Merck of its pain reliever Arcoxia showed similar risks of heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems compared with another painkiller, diclofenac, federal reviewers said in an analysis made public Tuesday.

2007 April 11, Reuters, “Merck Reports Risk of Its New Pain Pill”, in New York Times:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A painkiller having the chemical formula C₁₄H₁₁Cl₂NO₂


pargyline

en-noun

pargyline (countable and uncountable, plural pargylines)

(pharmacology) the monoamine oxidase inhibitor N-benzyl-N-methyl-prop-2-yn-1-amine.


paromomycin

Blend of Ancient Greek παρόμοιος (parómoios, “closely resembling”) + neomycin.

blend

aminosidine (alternative)
monomycin (alternative)

(pharmacology) A mixture of broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotics related to neomycin and produced by some strains of the bacterium Streptomyces rimosus, given orally in the form of the sulfate C₂₃H₄₅N₅O₁₄·H₂SO₄ in the treatment of intestinal amebiasis.


-e-

The final vowel of hamster, as the initial vowel would be a homonym of -a- from rat.

(pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody derived from a hamster source

-mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies


cefuroxime

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + fur(yl) + oxime.

af

(pharmacology) A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.


azitromycin

(pharmacology) An azalide antibiotic derived from erythromycin.


pancuronium

From p(iperidine) + an(drostane) + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

Pancuronium bromide has been used frequently for muscle relaxation during cardiac anesthesia and has been reported to provide superior hemodynamics compared with vecuronium (171) or with metocurine or metocurine-pancuronium combinations.

2001, Michael P. Eaton, Peter L. Bailey, “Chapter 10: Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Anesthetics”, in Fawzy G. Estafanous, Paul G. Barash, J. G. Reves, editors, Cardiac Anesthesia: Principles and Clinical Practice, 2nd edition, page 305:

The second chemical is pancuronium bromide, a relative of curare.

2007 March 2, Adam Liptak, “Florida Panel Urges Steps for Painless Executions”, in New York Times:

The only long-acting relaxant that is still used in some institutions is pancuronium.

2009, Charles J. Coté, Jerrold Lerma, Robert M. Ward, Ralph A. Lugo, Nishan Goudzougian, “Chapter 6: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacology of Drugs Used in Children”, in Charles J. Coté, Jerrold Lerman, I. David Todres, editors, A Practice of Anesthesia for Infants and Children, page 131:

(pharmacology) A synthetic steroid which is used as a neuromuscular blocking agent.


lamivudine

From [Term?] + -vudine (“zidovudine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine (C₈H₁₁N₃O₃S) that is taken orally in the treatment of HIV and chronic hepatitis B.


clenbuterol

From (di)chl(oroph)en(yl) + -buterol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) The decongestant and bronchodilator 1-(4-amino-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol.


allopurinol

en-noun

allopurinol (countable and uncountable, plural allopurinols)

(pharmacology) A synthetic drug which inhibits uric acid formation, used to treat gout and related conditions.


felodipine

(pharmacology) A calcium antagonist used to control hypertension.


propofol

propofol (countable and uncountable, plural propofols)

From contraction of (diiso)prop(yl)ph(en)ol + -o-.

The more likely scenario, the medical examiner testified, was that Dr. Murray had mistakenly administered a much larger dose of propofol than he realized, one that was lethal to his patient.

2012, Randall Sullivan, Untouchable: The Strange Life and Tragic Death of Michael Jackson, Grove/Atlantic, Inc., →ISBN:

(pharmacology) A sedating and hypnotic agent C₁₂H₁₈O administered intravenously to induce and maintain anesthesia or sedation.


ezetimibe

Probably from ezet- (“alteration of azetidine”) + -imibe (“acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) An antihyperlipidemic medication used to lower cholesterol levels by decreasing cholesterol absorption in the intestine.


simvastatin

en-noun

simvastatin (countable and uncountable, plural simvastatins)

Probably from sim- (“alteration of synthetic”) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

The last compound, gemfibrozil is the sole antilipidemic compound found (up to 3 ng/L) in a USA survey of 18 DWTPs whereas atorvastatin, simvastatin and their metabolites, the other studied compounds, were absent (Benotti et al., 2009). In our study, the two statins identified at the intake of the DWTP were eliminated by dioxychlorination (>99%) whereas bezafibrate, clofibric acid and gemfibrozil were only moderately removed with percentages of 37%, 68% and 11%, respectively although it has been reported that gemfibrozil and clofibric acid are readily oxidized with chlorine dioxide in spiked drinking water whereas bezafibrate remains unchanged (Huber et al., 2005a).

2011 June 27, Ma Rosa Boleda, Ma Teresa Galceran, Francesc Ventura, “Behavior of pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) using combined conventional and ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis (UF/RO) treatments”, in Environmental Pollution, volume 159, number 6, →DOI, pages 1584-1591:

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic drug C₂₅H₃₈O₅ that decreases the level of cholesterol in the bloodstream and is derived from a compound produced by a mold (Aspergillus terreus).


celecoxib

en-noun

celecoxib (usually uncountable, plural celecoxibs)

From cele- (“alteration of selective”) + -coxib (“cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor”).

af

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

(pharmacology) A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trademark Celebrex) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.


pregabalin

(pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug used for neuropathic pain and as an adjunct therapy for seizures.


trazodone

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug C₁₉H₂₂ClN₅O administered in the form of its hydrochloride.


danazol

From dan- (“alteration of androgenic”) + (isox)azol(e).

(pharmacology) A derivative of the synthetic steroid ethisterone that inhibits the release of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland, formerly used to treat endometriosis.


prasugrel

For every 1,000 patients treated with prasugrel instead of clopidogrel, there would be three fewer cardiac-related deaths and 21 fewer nonfatal heart attacks […].

(pharmacology) A specific thienopyridine platelet clogging inhibitor having the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₀FNO₃S.


clavulanic acid

From translingual Streptomyces clavuligerus + -ane + -ic and acid.

Streptomyces clavuligerus
Streptomyces clavuligerus#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A beta-lactam compound C₈H₉NO₅ produced by the bacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus that is a beta-lactamase inhibitor and is usually used in the form of its clavulanate salt of potassium especially in combination with amoxicillin.


meropenem

en-noun

meropenem (usually uncountable, plural meropenems)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat meningitis and pneumonia


phenelzine

She had a history of depression and was taking phenelzine, an antidepressant.

2009 March 3, Barron H. Lerner, “A Life-Changing Case for Doctors in Training”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound used as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.


probenecid

probenecid (countable and uncountable, plural probenecids)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic sulfur-containing compound which promotes increased excretion of uric acid and is used to treat gout.


multidose

State health officials said yesterday they hoped to get the C.D.C.s support in seeking the elimination of such multidose vials.

2007 November 16, Paul Vitello, “Patients Were Not Told of Misuse of Syringes”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Containing multiple doses


alprazolam

From al(pha) + p(henyl) + (t)r(i)azol(o) + -(azep)am.

af

Also in Mr. Ledger’s system were three anti-anxiety medications: diazepam, the generic name for Valium; alprazolam, commonly known as Xanax; and temazepam[…].

2008 February 7, James Barron, “Medical Examiner Rules Ledger’s Death Accidental”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A drug (trademark Xanax) of the benzodiazepine group (8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine), used in the treatment of anxiety.


maraviroc

From [Term?] + -viroc (“chemokine CC motif receptor 5 antagonist”).

In two Phase 3 studies […] more than 40 percent of patients who received maraviroc had undetectable levels of virus after 24 weeks of a 48-week study.

2007 February 28, Lawrence K. Altman, “2 New Drugs Offer Options in H.I.V. Fight”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A specific drug used in the treatment of HIV to inhibit viral entry into cells.


nevirapine

From [Term?] + -vir- (“antiviral”) + -apine (“alteration of diazepine”).

reverse transcriptase
reverse transcriptase

(pharmacology) An antiretroviral drug C₁₅H₁₄N₄O structurally related to the benzodiazepines that inhibits reverse transcriptase and is administered orally in combination with at least one other antiretroviral to treat HIV-1 infection.


dutasteride

From [Term?] + -steride (“testosterone reductase inhibitor”).

benign prostatic hyperplasia
benign prostatic hyperplasia

(pharmacology) A synthetic drug C₂₇H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ that inhibits 5-alpha-reductase to convert testosterone into dihydrotestosterone and is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.


fenofibrate

en-noun

fenofibrate (countable and uncountable, plural fenofibrates)

From pheno- + -fibrate (“clofibrate derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A lipid-regulating drug C₂₀H₂₁ClO₄ that is administered orally to reduce levels of LDL, triglyceride, and apolipoprotein B and increase levels of HDL and is used chiefly to treat hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. It is metabolized in the liver to form pharmacologically-active fenofibric acid, and is marketed under the trademarks Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Lofibra, TriCor, and Triglide.


hypolipidemic

en-adj

hypolipidemic (comparative more hypolipidemic, superlative most hypolipidemic)

more hypolipidemic (comparative)
most hypolipidemic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That reduces the concentration of lipid in blood serum

ipolipemizzante

that reduces the concentration of lipid in blood serum


hypolipidemic

(pharmacology) Any drug that reduces the concentration of lipid in blood serum


platensimycin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A natural antibiotic occurring in strains of Streptomyces platensis.


sporicidal

sporicidal (comparative more sporicidal, superlative most sporicidal)

more sporicidal (comparative)
most sporicidal (superlative)

(pharmacology, medicine) Referring to a sporicide or the activity of a sporicide.


stanozolol

Seven weeks later, Palmeiro tested positive for the anabolic steroid stanozolol.

2008 January 16, Alan Schwarz, “Justice Department Asked to Investigate Tejada”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic anabolic steroid derived from testosterone, chemical formula C₂₁H₃₂N₂O.


antinausea

She took an antinausea drug before the flight.

(pharmacology) Intended to prevent or combat nausea


tazobactam

From t(ri)azo(lyl) + -bactam (“β-lactamase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A compound that inhibits the action of bacterial beta-lactamases, used in antibiotics.


sulbactam

From sul(fonyl) + -bactam (“β-lactamase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A beta-lactamase inhibitor that is usually administered in the form of its sodium salt C₈H₁₀NNaO₅S in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic (as ampicillin).


tacrolimus

From translingual t(sukubaensis) + (m)acrol(ide) + -imus (“immunosuppressant”).

Itoh, S. & Navia, M. A. Structure comparison of native and mutant human recombinant FKBP12 complexes with the immunosuppressant drug FK506 (tacrolimus) .

2009 March 5, Kohsuke Inomata et al., “High-resolution multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of proteins in human cells”, in Nature, volume 458, number 7234, →DOI:

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug obtained from Streptomyces tsukubaensis used mainly after organ transplantation.


oxyphenbutazone

(pharmacology) A metabolite of phenylbutazone.


mepivacaine

From me(thyl) + pi(pecoloxylidide) + -vacaine (“alteration of Novocaine”).

(pharmacology) A local anesthetic derived from piperidine and similar in structure and action to lidocaine, usually given by injection as the hydrochloride; (1-methyl-2-piperidyl)formo-2′,6′-xylidide, C₁₅H₂₂N₂O.


lacosamide

(pharmacology) A medication for the adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures and diabetic neuropathic pain.


felbamate

From phe(ny)l + -bamate (“tranquilizer”).

(pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug C₁₁H₁₄N₂O₄ that is used to treat severe epilepsy or epilepsy that is unresponsive to other drugs.


nabilone

From nab- (“cannabinoid receptor agonist”) + [Term?] + -one.

The others, dronabinol (Marinol, Syndros) and nabilone (Cesamet), are pills used to curb nausea in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to stimulate appetite in AIDS patients with wasting syndrome.

2021 March 8, Jane E. Brody, “Medical Marijuana Is Not Regulated as Most Medicines Are”, in The New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic cannabinoid used therapeutically as an antiemetic and as an adjunct analgesic for neuropathic pain.


clobazam

From chlo(ro)- + b(enzodi)az(epine) + am(ide).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anxiolytic and anticonvulsant; C₁₆H₁₃ClN₂O₂.


tocilizumab

From arbitrary prefix to- + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor. Used to attenuate counterproductive immune responses in certain diseases (autoimmune or infectious).


omalizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used mainly in allergy-related asthma therapy with the purpose of reducing allergic hypersensitivity.


apraclonidine

(pharmacology) A sympathomimetic used in glaucoma therapy.

apraklonidiini

sympathomimetic drug used in glaucoma therapy


rasagiline

/ɹəˈsæd͡ʒ.ɪˌlin/

From rasa- (of unknown origin) + -giline (“MAO inhibitor type B”).

(pharmacology) An inhibitor of monoamine oxidase used as a monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease or as an adjunct therapy in more advanced cases.


naloxone

From nal- (“opioid receptor antagonist/agonist”) + (hydr)ox(y) + -one.

(pharmacology) An opioid inverse agonist used to counter the effects of an overdose on opioids (such as heroin or morphine).


levonorgestrel

(pharmacology) A synthetic progestogen used as an active ingredient in some hormonal contraceptives.


desogestrel

(pharmacology) A synthetic progestogen C₂₂H₃₀O used in birth control pills in combination with ethinylestradiol.


antispasmatic

(pharmacology) Referring to something that suppresses spasms, generally a drug.


antispasmatic

(pharmacology) A drug that suppresses spasms.


flunixin

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, analgesic, and antipyretic used in horses.


formoterol

From form(amide) + -o- + -terol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) An agonist used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, causing bronchodilation by relaxing the smooth muscle in the airway.


sodium fluoride

(inorganic chemistry, pharmacology) A poisonous crystalline salt NaF that is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water and toothpastes, in metallurgy, as a flux, and as a pesticide.


cefixime

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + -i- + (o)xime.

(pharmacology) An oral cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat gonorrhea, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and otitis media.


ofloxacin

From o(xa)- + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

Ofloxacin and ceftriaxone had the highest sensitivity pattern to these uropathogens.

2015 July 24, Fidelis Agwu Onu et al., “Profile and microbiological isolates of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women in Abakaliki, Nigeria”, in Infection and Drug Resistance, volume 8, →DOI:

(pharmacology) A fluoroquinolone antibiotic C₁₈H₂₀FN₃O₄ composed of equal quantities of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin, that is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that is used in topical solution for otic or ophthalmic use or is administered orally or intravenously for other uses.


spectinomycin

en-noun

spectinomycin (countable and uncountable, plural spectinomycins)

From translingual spect(abilis) + [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An aminocyclitol antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.


valaciclovir

(pharmacology) An antiviral prodrug used in the management of herpes simplex and herpes zoster.


glibenclamide

en-noun

glibenclamide (countable and uncountable, plural glibenclamides)

glibenclamides (plural)
glyburide (alternative)

From gli- (“antihyperglycemic”) + ben(zamide) + chl(oro)- + (sulfon)amide.

af

(pharmacology) An oral sulfonylurea antidiabetic C₂₃H₂₈ClN₃O₅S (trademarks Diaβeta, Glycovance, Micronase) used similarly to glipizide.


antidiabetic

He concludes that, in addition, as an antidiabetic regimen, he would certainly recommend a trial of benzosol in every case of this disease, especially in view of the results obtained in the cases of the three patients mentioned.


antidiabetic

(pharmacology) Any drug that counters diabetes.


tobramycin

From [Term?] + translingual (Streptoalloteichus tene)bra(rius) + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

(pharmacology) A colorless water-soluble aminoglycoside antibiotic C₁₈H₃₇N₅O₉, isolated from a soil bacterium Streptoalloteichus tenebrarius and used especially against Gram-negative bacteria. When used in combination with loteprednol to treat inflammatory conditions of the eye, tobramycin is marketed under the trademark Zylet.


antigas

Antigas medicine for babies is really effective when they're newborns and seem to always have gas pain.

2011, Quinton Skinner, Do I Look Like a Daddy to You?, page 153:

(pharmacology) Countering gas (condition of the digestive system).


valproic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic crystalline compound with anticonvulsant properties, used (generally as salts) in the treatment of epilepsy.


pantoprazole

Probably from panto- + -prazole (“benzimidazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzimidazole derivative (trademark Protonix) that inhibits gastric acid secretion and is administered in the form of its sodium salt C₁₆H₁₄F₂N₃NaO₄S to treat erosive esophagitis and disorders (as Zollinger–Ellison syndrome) involving gastric acid hypersecretion.