craft

en-noun

craft (countable and uncountable, plural craft or crafts)

From Middle English craft (“strength, skill”), from Old English cræft (“strength, skill”), from Proto-West Germanic *kraftu, from Proto-Germanic *kraftuz (“strength, power”); further origin obscure.
Cognate with German Kraft (“strength, power, force, energy, employee”) and Danish kraft (“strength, power, force”).

cog

[…] For since the birth of time, throughout all ages and nations, / Has the craft of the smith been held in repute by the people.

1847, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Evangeline, A Tale of Acadie, page 281:

Fond as William was of the craft of the woods, he was the least likely of all men to let his sport stand in the way of his interest.

1871, Edward Augustus Freeman, The history of the Norman conquest, page 250:

The great preachers were masters of their craft.

1991, James Munson, The Nonconformists: In Search of a Lost Culture, page 113:

This was billed as the battle between Kane and his Poland opposite number Lewandowski but this was a game where it was possible to simply enjoy two masters of their craft at work.

2021 September 8, Phil McNulty, “Poland 1-1 England”, in BBC Sport:

The carpenter's craft.

He learned his craft as an apprentice.

en:skilled practice of practical occupation

(countable, plural crafts) A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation .


cane

en-noun

cane (countable and uncountable, plural canes)

From Middle English cane, canne, from Old French cane (“sugar cane”), from Latin canna (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of canna and kaneh. Related to channel and canal.

A rod-shaped tool or device, resembling the stem of the plant.

(countable, glassblowing) A length of colored and/or patterned glass rod, used in the specific glassblowing technique called caneworking


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferred use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

jekker

military: coarse medieval coat of defense

(glassblowing) a tool used in manual production of glass objects (like bottles or wine glasses).


action

action (countable and uncountable, plural actions)

→ Arabic: أَكْشِن (ʔakšin)

→ Bulgarian: екшън (ekšǎn)

→ German: Action

→ Irish: aicsean

→ Hebrew: אקשן (akshn)

→ Japanese: アクション (akushon)

→ Korean: 액션 (aeksyeon)

→ Russian: экшн (ekšn)

From Middle English accion, from Old French aucion, acciun, from Latin āctiō(n) (“act of doing or making”), from āctus + action suffix -iō(n), perfect passive participle of agere (“do, act”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti; see also act, active. By surface analysis, act + -ion.

der

You're getting fret buzz because the action is too low.

(music, lutherie) The distance separating the strings and the fingerboard on a string instrument.

kielen korkeus

music: distance separating the strings and the fretboard


jump

en-verb

jump (third-person singular simple present jumps, present participle jumping, simple past and past participle jumped)

jumps (present singular third-person)
jumping (participle present)
jumped (participle past)
jumped (past)
jump (infinitive)

From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, bounce”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely.
Cognates
Cognate with German Low German jumpen (“to jump”), archaic German gumpen (“to jump, hop, bounce”), dialectal German gampen (“to hop”), Alemannic German gumpe (“to leap, jump”), Walser dialect kumpu, Old Norse gopta (“to jump; make jump”) Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

jump down

cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall

the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

(transitive, smithwork) To join by a buttweld.


alligator

]
From early Modern English alligater, alligarta, aligarto, alegarto, alagarto, from Spanish el lagarto (“the lizard”), from Latin lacertus (“lizard”), modern spelling possibly influenced by the unrelated Latin alligator (“one who binds”).

Any of various machines with strong jaws, one of which opens like the movable jaw of an alligator.

(metalworking) A form of squeezer for the puddle ball.


tower

→ German: Tower

→ Hindi: टावर (ṭāvar)

→ Japanese: タワー (tawā)

→ Korean: 타워 (tawo)

→ Northern Kurdish: tawer

→ Punjabi: ਟਾਵਰ (ṭāvar)

From Middle English tour, tur, tor, from Old English tūr, tor, torr ("tower; rock"; > English tor) and Old French tour, toer, tor; both from Latin turris (“a tower”), Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis) (Hesychius), τύρσις (túrsis).
Compare Scots tour, towr, towre (“tower”), West Frisian toer (“tower”), Dutch toren (“tower”), German Turm (“tower”), Danish tårn (“tower”), Swedish torn (“tower”), Icelandic turn (“tower”), Welsh tŵr.
Doublet of tor, tourelle, and turret.

(glassblowing) A metal stand used as a pivot to support a punty at a furnace.


MG

(papermaking) Initialism of machine-glazed.


kami

Borrowed from Japanese 紙 (kami, “paper”).

bor+

(papercraft) A basic origami paper, usually printed with a colour or pattern on one side.


palm

From Middle English palme, paume, from Old French palme, paulme, paume (“palm of the hand, ball, tennis”), from Latin palma (“palm of the hand, hand-breadth”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂(e)meh₂ (“palm of the hand”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). Doublet of palmo, palma, and pam. Cognate with Ancient Greek παλάμη (palámē, “palm of the hand”), Old English folm (“palm of the hand”), Old Irish lám (“hand”).

cog

(sailmaking) A metallic disk attached to a strap and worn in the palm of the hand; used to push the needle through the canvas, in sewing sails, etc.


broke

From Middle English broce, from Old English gebroc (“fragment”), from brecan (“to break”). Compare broken, past participle of break. Compare also Scots brock (“a scrap of meat or bread”).

If the broke accumulates, a larger proportion can be used in making coloured papers, otherwise the above quantity is sufiicient.

1880, James Dunbar, The Practical Papermaker: A Complete Guide to the Manufacture of Paper, page 12:

Presumably, most of the brokes and waste were used up in this manner, and during the manufacture of the coarse stuff little or no attention was paid to either cleanliness or colour.

1914, The World's Paper Trade Review Volume 62, page 204:

These mills purchase broke from other paper mills through middlemen and use it to make paper.

2014 September 25, Judge Diane Wood, NCR Corp. v. George A. Whiting Paper Co.:

(papermaking) Paper or board that is discarded and repulped during the manufacturing process.


found

From Middle English founden, from Old French fondre, from Latin fundere. Cognate with Spanish fundir and hundir, and French fondre.

(glassblowing) The period of time when a furnace is at its hottest; the interval in which the furnace is meant to fully melt glass.


grind

en-verb

grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded)

grinds (present singular third-person)
grinding (participle present)
ground (participle past)
ground (past)
grinded (participle past)
grinded (past)
grind (infinitive)
grind (infinitive)

From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).

the mill cannot grind with water that is past

(metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.

шлифовам

to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface


lay

lay (third-person singular simple present lays, present participle laying, simple past laid, past participle laid or (colloquial) lain)

lays (present singular third-person)
laying (participle present)
laid (past)
laid (participle past)
lain (colloquial participle past)
lay (infinitive)

Inherited from Middle English leyen, leggen, from Old English leċġan (“to lay”), from Proto-West Germanic *laggjan, from Proto-Germanic *lagjaną (“to lay”), causative form of Proto-Germanic *ligjaną (“to lie, recline”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie, recline”).
Cognate with West Frisian lizze (“to lay, to lie”), Dutch leggen (“to lay”), German legen (“to lay”), Norwegian Bokmål legge (“to lay”), Norwegian Nynorsk leggja (“to lay”), Swedish lägga (“to lay”), Icelandic leggja (“to lay”), Albanian lag (“troop, band, war encampment”).

cog

the best laid plans of mice and men go oft astray

the best laid plans of mice and men often go awry

to lay a cable or rope

(ropemaking) To put the strands of (a rope, a cable, etc.) in their proper places and twist or unite them.


overcast

en-verb

overcast (third-person singular simple present overcasts, present participle overcasting, simple past and past participle overcast)

overcasts (present singular third-person)
overcasting (participle present)
overcast (participle past)
overcast (past)

/ˈəʊvəˌkɑːst/

/ˌəʊvəˈkɑːst/

From Middle English overcasten, equivalent to over- + cast. Compare Swedish överkast.

(transitive, bookbinding) To fasten (sheets) by overcast stitching or by folding one edge over another.


button

→ German: Button

→ Hindi: बटन (baṭan)

→ Gujarati: બટન (baṭan)

→ Korean: 버튼 (beoteun)

→ Maori: pātene

→ Marathi: बटण (baṭaṇ)

→ Urdu: بَٹَن (baṭan)

From Middle English boton, botoun, from Old French boton (Modern French bouton), from Old French bouter, boter (“to push; thrust”), ultimately from a Germanic language. Doublet of Biden and beat. More at butt.

(glassblowing) The oblate spheroidal mass of glass attaching a stem to either its bowl or foot.

(lutherie) In an instrument of the violin family, the near-semicircular shape extending from the top of the back plate of the instrument, meeting the heel of the neck.

(lutherie) Synonym of endbutton, part of a violin-family instrument.

(lutherie, bowmaking) Synonym of adjuster.


bridge

From Middle English brigge, from Old English brycġ (“bridge”), from Proto-Germanic *brugjō, *brugjǭ (“bridge”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrēw- (“wooden flooring, decking, bridge”).
Cognate with Scots brig, brigg, breeg (“bridge”), Saterland Frisian Brääch (“bridge”), West Frisian brêge (“bridge”), Dutch brug (“bridge”), German Brücke (“bridge”), Danish brygge (“wharf”), Icelandic brygga (“pier”), Gaulish briua (“bridge”).
The verb is from Middle English briggen, from Old English brycġian (“to bridge, make a causeway, pave”), derived from the noun. Cognate with Dutch bruggen (“to bridge”), Middle Low German bruggen (“to bridge”), Old High German bruccōn (“to bridge”) (whence Modern German brücken).
The musical connection sense is a semantic loan from German Steg, from Old High German steg.

ацҳа

construction or natural feature that spans a divide

if someone told you to jump off a bridge, would you do it

(music, lutherie) The piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board.

မြင်းမိုရ်

(music, lutherie) piece on string instruments


shear

en-noun

shear (countable and uncountable, plural shears)

From Middle English sheren, scheren, from Old English sċieran (“to shear; to shave”), from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Cognate with West Frisian skarre, Low German scheren, Dutch scheren, German scheren, Danish skære, Norwegian Bokmål skjære, Norwegian Nynorsk skjera, Swedish skära, Finnish keritä; and (from Indo-European) with Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “I cut off”), Latin caro (“flesh”), Albanian shqerr (“to tear, cut”), harr (“to cut, to mow”), Lithuanian skìrti (“separate”), Welsh ysgar (“separate”). See also sharp.

inh

(metalworking) A large machine use for cutting sheet metal.


strike

→ Danish: strike

→ Dutch: strike

→ French: strike

→ German: Strike

→ Italian: strike

→ Japanese: ストライク (sutoraiku)

→ Korean: 스트라이크 (seuteuraikeu)

→ Portuguese: strike

→ Russian: страйк (strajk)

→ Spanish: strike

→ Swedish: strike

→ Danish: strejke

→ Esperanto: striko

→ Hungarian: sztrájk

→ Japanese: ストライキ (sutoraiki)

desctree

→ German: Streik
→ Kashubian: sztrajk
→ Macedonian: штрајк (štrajk)
→ Serbo-Croatian: štrȁjk /штра̏јк
→ Slovak: štrajk

→ Polish: strajk
→ Belarusian: страйк (strajk)
→ Ukrainian: страйк (strajk)

→ Swedish: strejk

→ Welsh: streic

From Middle English stryken, from Old English strīcan, from Proto-West Germanic *strīkan, from Proto-Germanic *strīkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to stroke, rub, press”).
Cognate with Dutch strijken, German streichen, Danish stryge, Icelandic strýkja, strýkva.


sweep

From Middle English swepen, from Proto-West Germanic *swaipijan (unattested in Old English), from Proto-Germanic *swaipijaną. Cognate with Early Modern West Frisian swiepe (“whip, cleanse, sweep”), from Old Frisian swēpa, suepa (“sweep”). See also swoop.

airo

large oar used to propel and steer small vessels

(metalworking) A movable template for making moulds, in loam moulding.


ball

en-verb

ball (third-person singular simple present balls, present participle balling, simple past and past participle balled)

balls (present singular third-person)
balling (participle present)
balled (participle past)
balled (past)

From Middle English bal, ball, balle, from an unattested Old English *beall, *bealla (“round object, ball”) or Old Norse bǫllr (“a ball”), both from Proto-Germanic *balluz, *ballô (“ball”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol-n- (“ball, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, inflate, swell”). Cognate with Old Saxon ball, Dutch bal, Old High German bal, ballo (German Ball (“ball”); Ballen (“bale”)). Related forms in Romance are borrowings from Germanic. See also balloon, bale.

der

(metalworking) To heat in a furnace and form into balls for rolling.


journey

Reborrowing from French journée (day's activities), originally an unadapted borrowing from French journée, from Old French jornee, from Vulgar Latin *diurnāta.

(glassblowing) The total time spent melting and working one piece.


list

From Middle English lī̆st, lī̆ste (“band, stripe; hem, selvage; border, edge, rim; list, specification; barriers enclosing area for jousting, etc.”), from Old English līste (“hem, edge, strip”), or Old French liste, listre (“border; band; strip of paper; list”), or Medieval Latin lista, all from Proto-West Germanic *līstā, from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ (“band, strip; hem, selvage; border, edge”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“to trace, track”).
Cognates
* Saterland Frisian Lieste (“margin, strip, list”)
*Dutch lijst (“picture frame, list”)
* German Low German Liest (“edging, border”)
* German Leiste (“strip, rail, ledge; (heraldry) bar”)
* Swedish lista (“list”)
* Icelandic lista listi (“list”)
* Italian lista (“list; strip”)
* Portuguese lista (“list”)
* Spanish lista (“list, roll; stripe”)
* Galician lista (“band, strip; list”)
* Finnish lista (“(informal) list; batten”).

cog

(ropemaking) A piece of woollen cloth with which the yarns are grasped by a worker.


metal

en-noun

metal (countable and uncountable, plural metals)

nonmetal

antonym(s) of “any of a number of chemical elements in the periodic table that form a metallic bond with other metal atoms”

From Middle English metal, a borrowing from Old French metal, from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”).

аметалл

atomic element or material made of such atoms

Edward H[enry] Knight
w:Edward H. Knight

(glassblowing) Molten glass that is to be blown or moulded to form objects.


flame

en-noun

flame (countable and uncountable, plural flames)

From Middle English flawme, blend of Old French flame and flambe, flamble, the first from Latin flamma, the second from Latin flammula, diminutive of flamma, both from pre-Latin *fladma; Proto-Italic *flagmā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to shimmer, gleam, shine”). Displaced native Old English līeġ.

der

The cello has a two-piece back with a beautiful narrow flame.

(music, chiefly lutherie) The contrasting light and dark figure seen in wood used for stringed instrument making; the curl.


skein

From Middle English skayne, from Old French escaigne (Modern French écagne), probably of Proto-Celtic origin, from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to split off”). Compare Irish scáinne (“skein, clew”).

One of the free-state settlers went to the blacksmith's shop unarmed, carrying a waggon skein to be repaired.

(wagonmaking) A metallic strengthening band or thimble on the wooden arm of an axle.


nut

→ Japanese: ナット (natto)

From Middle English nute, note, from Old English hnutu, from Proto-West Germanic *hnut, from Proto-Germanic *hnuts (“nut”), from a root *knu- possibly shared with Proto-Celtic *knūs and Latin nux (“nut”). Based on the form of the nouns and the restriction of the root to Germanic, Celtic and Italic, it has been argued to be of non-Indo-European (substrate) origin.
See also West Frisian nút, Dutch noot, German Nuss, Danish nød, Swedish nöt, Norwegian nøtt.

dió

walnut in particular and an element in the name of some other nuts

dióféle

literally: ’walnut-like’, the family of this fruit

walnuts, hazelnuts/peanuts, chestnuts, and related fruits

even a blind squirrel can find a nut once in a while

(music, lutherie) On stringed instruments such as guitars and violins, the small piece at the peghead end of the fingerboard that holds the strings at the proper spacing and, in most cases, the proper height.

yläsatula

musical instruments: small piece that holds the strings at the proper spacing


burden

From Middle English burden, birden, burthen, birthen, byrthen, from Old English byrden, byrþen, from Proto-West Germanic *burþini, from *burþī, from Proto-Germanic *burþį̄, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to carry, bear”).

Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond
w:Rossiter W. Raymond

(metalworking) The proportion of ore and flux to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace.


cop

From Middle English cop, coppe, from Old English cop, copp, from Proto-West Germanic *kopp, from Proto-Germanic *kuppaz (“vault, basin, round object”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew-. Cognate with Dutch kop, German Kopf.

check cop

probably etymologically unrelated to above terms

(crafts) The ball of thread wound on to the spindle in a spinning machine.


well

From Middle English welle, from Old English wielle (“well”), from Proto-West Germanic *wallijā, from Proto-Germanic *wallijǭ (“well, swirl, wave”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”).
Cognate with West Frisian wel (“well”), Dutch wel (“well”), German Low German Well (“well”), German Welle (“wave”), Danish væld (“well; spring”), Swedish väl (“well”), Icelandic vella (“boiling; bubbling; eruption”).

cog

wool (interjection or unstressed, some accents)

the jug goes to the well until it breaks

the pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last

you don't miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

(metalworking) The lower part of a furnace, into which the metal falls.


pager

From page + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (measurement suffix) (sense 3).

(bookbinding) One who makes up type into pages of a book; one who binds or sorts pages into a book.


way

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Rhenish glass containing 60 bunches.


lathe

From Middle English lathe (“turning-lathe; stand”), from Old Norse hlað (“pile, heap”)—compare dialectal Danish lad (“stand, support frame”) (as in drejelad (“turning-lathe”), savelad (“saw bench”)), dialectal Norwegian la, lad (“pile, small wall”), dialectal Swedish lad (“folding table, lay of a loom”)—from hlaða (“to load”). More at lade.

inh

Coordinate term: see types of machine tools

He shaped the bedpost by turning it on a lathe.

1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
Of the windows of the village there was one yet more often occupied; for on Sundays from morning to night, and every morning when the weather was bright, one could see at the dormer-window of the garret the profile of Monsieur Binet bending over his lathe, whose monotonous humming could be heard at the Lion d'Or.

(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.


against the grain

/əˈɡɛnst ðə ɡɹeɪn/

(woodworking, of sanding or planing a piece of wood) Preventing a smooth, level surface from being formed by raising the nap of the wood or causing larger splinters to form ahead of the cutting tool below the cutting surface.


stalk

From Middle English stalke, stelke, stalk, perhaps from Old English *stealc, *stielc, *stealuc, from Proto-West Germanic *staluk, *stalik, from Proto-Germanic *stalukaz, *stalikaz, diminutive of Proto-Germanic *stalô, *staluz (“support, stem, stalk”), from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, stand; be stiff; stud, post, trunk, stake, stem, stalk”). Cognate with Old High German *stelh in wazzarstelh (“wagtail”), Danish stilk (“stalk, stem”), Swedish stjälk (“stalk, stem”), Icelandic stilkur (“stalk, stem”).
Related also to Middle English stale (“ladder upright, stalk”), Old English stalu (“wooden upright”), Middle Low German stal, stale (“chair leg”), Old English stela (“stalk”), Dutch steel (“stalk”), German Stiel (“stalk”), Albanian shtalkë (“crossbeam, board used as a door hinge”), Welsh telm (“frond”), Ancient Greek στειλειή (steileiḗ, “beam”), Old Armenian ստեղն (stełn, “trunk, stalk”).

varsi

something resembling the stalk of a plant

(metalworking) An iron bar with projections inserted in a core to strengthen it; a core arbor.


leaf

en-noun

leaf (countable and uncountable, plural leaves)

Tok Pisin: lip

From Middle English leef, from Old English lēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *laub, from Proto-Germanic *laubą (“leaf”), from Proto-Indo-European *lowbʰ-o-m, from *lewbʰ- (“leaf, rind”)
See also West Frisian leaf, Low German Loov, Dutch loof, German Laub, Danish løv, Swedish löv, Norwegian Nynorsk lauv, Icelandic lauf; also Irish luibh (“herb”), Latin liber (“bast; book”), Lithuanian lúoba (“bark”), Albanian labë (“rind”), Latvian luba (“plank, board”), Russian луб (lub, “bast”).
(Internet slang: Canadian): In reference to the maple leaf as national symbol.

flat-leaf parsley

Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum group; syn. Petroselinum crispum var. neapolitanum

Heretofore advertisers have had to buy and pay for a leaf — two pages.

1900, Profitable Advertising, volume 10, number 2, page 893:

(publishing, bookbinding, advertising) A sheet of a book, magazine, etc. (consisting of two pages, one on each face of the leaf).


batter

en-verb

batter (third-person singular simple present batters, present participle battering, simple past and past participle battered)

batters (present singular third-person)
battering (participle present)
battered (participle past)
battered (past)

From Middle English bateren, from Old French batre (“to beat”), from Late Latin battere, from earlier battuere (“to beat, strike, fight”), of unknown origin; probably from Celtic or Germanic origin.

unc

unknown origin

(metalworking) To flatten (metal) by hammering, so as to compress it inwardly and spread it outwardly.


pattern

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, Patronus, and patroon.

skemo

intelligible arrangement which has a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship

From this point those who became pupils went on to a further series of shops, usually commencing with the pattern shop. […] However, some of us did make quite reasonable patterns and had the satisfaction of seeing castings produced from them but, sad to say, many of these efforts were used as firewood after they had left the shop.

1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 341:

But instead, the distinctive ironwork and glass platform awnings have been carefully refurbished, while making them compatible with the overhead wiring. Kettering's island Platform 2/3 is especially noteworthy. Although it dates from 1879, when the station was enlarged to four platforms, the same original (1857) patterns for the delicate cast-ironwork seem to have been used - […].

2022 December 14, Robin Leleux, “A royal occasion as heritage projects honoured: Kettering”, in RAIL, number 972, page 56:

(metalworking, dated) A full-sized model around which a mould of sand is made, to receive the melted metal. It is usually made of wood and in several parts, so as to be removed from the mould without damage.


top

en-noun

top (countable and uncountable, plural tops)

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

頂上

chōjō, ちょうじょう

suprulo

BDSM: dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay

主動 /主动

gay sexual slang: gay man who likes to penetrate in sex

one's elevator doesn't go all the way to the top

(ropemaking) A plug or conical block of wood with longitudinal grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the rope slide in the process of twisting.


rip

en-verb

rip (third-person singular simple present rips, present participle ripping, simple past and past participle ripped)

rips (present singular third-person)
ripping (participle present)
ripped (participle past)
ripped (past)

From Middle English rippen, from earlier ryppen (“to pluck”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rupjaną, *ruppōną (compare West Frisian rippe, ripje, roppe, ropje (“to rip”), Dutch dialectal rippen, Low German ruppen, German Low German röpen, German rupfen), intensive of *raupijaną (compare Old English rīpan, rīepan (“to plunder”), West Frisian rippe (“to rip, tear”), German raufen (“to rip”)), causative of Proto-Indo-European *roub- ~ *reub- (compare Albanian rrabe ‘maquis’, possibly Latin rubus (“bramble”)), variant of *Hrewp- (“to break”). More at reave, rob.

Coordinate term: crosscut

(woodworking) To cut wood along (parallel to) the grain.

halkaista

woodworking: to cut wood along the grain


step

From Middle English steppen, from Old English steppan (“to step, go, proceed, advance”), stepe (“step”), from Proto-West Germanic *stappjan, from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną (“to step”), *stapiz (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to support, stomp, curse, be amazed”).
Cognate with West Frisian stappe (“to step”), North Frisian stape (“to walk, trudge”), Dutch stappen (“to step, walk”), Walloon steper (“to walk away, leave”), German stapfen (“to trudge, stomp, plod”) and further to Slavic Polish stąpać (“to stomp, stamp, step, tread”), Russian ступать (stupatʹ) and Polish stopień (“step, stair, rung, degree”), Russian степень (stepenʹ). Related to stamp, stomp.

cog

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step

one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind

(glassblowing) The button joining a glass's stem to its foot.


match

→ Azerbaijani: matç

→ Belarusian: матч (matč)

→ Bengali: ম্যাচ (mêc)

→ Catalan: matx

→ Crimean Tatar: matç

→ Dutch: match

→ Egyptian Arabic: ماتش

→ Esperanto: matĉo

→ Estonian: matš

→ Finnish: matsi

desctree

→ French: match
→ Ladino: mach
→ Romanian: meci
→ Turkish: maç

→ German: Match

→ Greek: ματς (mats)

→ Hindi: मैच (maic)

→ Hungarian: meccs

→ Japanese: マッチ (matchi)

→ Latvian: mačs

→ Polish: mecz
→ Kashubian: mecz

→ Russian: матч (matč)
→ Armenian: մատչ (matčʻ)

→ Swahili: mechi

→ Ukrainian: матч (matč)

→ Welsh: matsh

From Middle English macche, mecche, from Old English mæċċa, ġemæċċa (“companion, mate, wife, one suited to another”), from Proto-West Germanic *makkjō, *gamakkjō (“partner, equal”), from Proto-Germanic *makô, from Proto-Indo-European *mag- (“to knead, work”). Compare Danish mage (“mate”), Icelandic maki (“spouse”).

der

(metalworking) A perforated board, block of plaster, hardened sand, etc., in which a pattern is partly embedded when a mould is made, for giving shape to the surfaces of separation between the parts of the mould.


roast

en-verb

roast (third-person singular simple present roasts, present participle roasting, simple past and past participle roasted)

roasts (present singular third-person)
roasting (participle present)
roasted (participle past)
roasted (past)

From Middle English rosten, a borrowing from Old French rostir (“to roast, to torture with fire”), from Frankish *rōstijan (“to roast, broil”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *rews- (“to crackle; roast”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian rosterje (“to roast”), Dutch roosten, roosteren (“to roast”), German rösten (“to roast”).
Displaced native Middle English breden, bræden (“to roast”), from Old English brǣdan, related to German braten (“to roast, grill”).

der

(metalworking) To dissipate the volatile parts of by heat, as ores.


raise

en-verb

raise (third-person singular simple present raises, present participle raising, simple past and past participle raised)

raises (present singular third-person)
raising (participle present)
raised (participle past)
raised (past)

From Middle English reysen, raisen, reisen, from Old Norse reisa (“to raise”), from Proto-Germanic *raisijaną, *raizijaną (“to raise”), causative form of Proto-Germanic *rīsaną (“to rise”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey- (“to rise, arise”). According to Kroonen (2013), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to stir, rise”).
Cognate with Old English rāsian (“to explore, examine, research”), Old English rīsan (“to seize, carry off”), Old English rǣran (“to raise”). Doublet of rear.

whakahī

Referring to lifting the pitch of a musical note

hāpai

Of lifting an object to a higher elevation

hī

Refers to raising an eyebrow in scepticism

aradan qaldırmaq

(military) to remove or break up (a blockade); to relinquish (a siege), or cause this to be done

raise oneself up by one's own bootstraps

(physical) To cause to rise; to lift or elevate.

(metalworking, transitive) To emboss (sheet metal), or to form it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.


antique

en-adj

antique (comparative antiquer, superlative antiquest)

antiquer (comparative)
antiquest (superlative)

Borrowed from French antique (“ancient, old”), from Latin antiquus (“former, earlier, ancient, old”), from ante (“before”); see ante-. Doublet of antic.


antique

en-verb

antique (third-person singular simple present antiques, present participle antiquing, simple past and past participle antiqued)

antiques (present singular third-person)
antiquing (participle present)
antiqued (participle past)
antiqued (past)

(transitive, bookbinding) To emboss without gilding.


web

From Middle English webbe, from Old English webb, from Proto-Germanic *wabją, from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”).

what a tangled web we weave when first we practice to deceive


gate

From Middle English gate, gat, ȝate, ȝeat, from Old English ġeat (“gate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gat, from Proto-Germanic *gatą (“hole, opening”).
See also Old Norse gat, Swedish and Dutch gat, Low German Gaat, Gööt.

(metalworking) The channel or opening through which metal is poured into the mould; the ingate.


nip

From late Middle English nippen, probably of Low German or Dutch origin, probably a byform of earlier *knippen (suggested by the derivative Middle English knippette (“pincers”)), from Middle Low German knîpen, from Old Saxon *knīpan, from Proto-West Germanic *knīpan, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *knīpaną (“to pinch”).
Related to Dutch nijpen, knijpen (“to pinch”), Danish nive (“pinch”); Swedish nypa (“pinch”); Low German knipen; German kneipen and kneifen (“to pinch, cut off, nip”), Old Norse hnippa (“to prod, poke”); Lithuanian knebti.

(papermaking) The place of intersection where one roll touches another


quire

From Middle English quayer, from Anglo-Norman quaier and Old French quaer, from Latin quaternus (“fourfold”), from quater (“four times”). Doublet of cahier.

(bookbinding) A set of leaves which are stitched together, originally a set of four pieces of paper (eight leaves, sixteen pages). This is most often a single signature (i.e. group of four), but may be several nested signatures.


quire

quire (third-person singular simple present quires, present participle quiring, simple past and past participle quired)

quires (present singular third-person)
quiring (participle present)
quired (participle past)
quired (past)

Now, in the first folio volume of 1616, the paging, signatures, and quiring are continuous and regular throughout.

1870, William White, Notes and Queries, volume 42:

This is a natural point at which to ask why quiring went out of fashion.

1938, The Dolphin: A Journal of the Making of the Books, number 3:

By means of these smooth pages we can mostly see how the modern binder made up the book, but whether in doing this he followed the original quiring is quite another matter.

1976, Alfred William Pollard, Alfred William Pollard: A Selection of his Essays:

(bookbinding) To prepare quires by stitching together leaves of paper.


forward

forward (third-person singular simple present forwards, present participle forwarding, simple past and past participle forwarded)

forwards (present singular third-person)
forwarding (participle present)
forwarded (participle past)
forwarded (past)

Dutch: forwarden

From Middle English foreward, from Old English foreweard (“forward, inclined to the front, fore, early, former”), from Proto-Germanic *fura- (“fore-”), *warþaz (“turned”), equivalent to fore + -ward. Cognate with Dutch voorwaarts (“forward”), German vorwärts (“forward”).

der

(transitive, bookbinding) To assemble (a book) by sewing sections, attaching cover boards, and so on.


plough

en-verb

plough (third-person singular simple present ploughs, present participle ploughing, simple past and past participle ploughed)

ploughs (present singular third-person)
ploughing (participle present)
ploughed (participle past)
ploughed (past)

From Middle English plouh, plow, plugh(e), plough(e), plouw, from Old English plōh (“hide of land, ploughland”) and Old Norse plógr (“plough (the implement)”), both from Proto-Germanic *plōgaz, *plōguz (“plough”). Cognate with Scots pleuch, plou, North Frisian plog, West Frisian ploech, Low German Ploog, Dutch ploeg, Russian плуг (plug), German Pflug, Danish plov, Swedish and Norwegian plog, Icelandic plógur. Replaced Old English sulh (“plough, furrow”); see sullow.

der

(bookbinding) To trim, or shave off the edges of, as a book or paper, with a plough.


finery

en-noun

finery (countable and uncountable, plural fineries)

In front of the finery hearth in which the sow is melted down again, the finer is working with a long iron bar called a ringer (from French 'ringard') with which he keeps the molten iron in motion by stirring, an essential stage in the process of refining.

1957, H.R. Schubert, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry, page 160:

(ironworking) A charcoal hearth or furnace for the conversion of cast iron into wrought iron, or into iron suitable for puddling.


rap

en-verb

rap (third-person singular simple present raps, present participle rapping, simple past and past participle rapped)

raps (present singular third-person)
rapping (participle present)
rapped (participle past)
rapped (past)

From Middle English rappen, of North Germanic origin, related to Swedish rappa (“to strike, beat, rap”), German rappeln (“to rattle”).

(metalworking) To free (a pattern) in a mould by light blows on the pattern, so as to facilitate its removal.


balloon

→ Assamese: বেলুন (belun)

→ Bengali: বেলুন (belun)

→ Japanese: バルーン (barūn)

→ Maori: parūnu

→ Welsh: balŵn

→ Zulu: ibhaloni

1570, "a game played with a large, inflated leather ball" (possibly via Middle French ballon) from Italian pallone (“large ball”) from palla (“ball”), from Lombardic *palla. The Northern Italian form, balla (“ball-shaped bundle”), today a doublet, likely derived from Old French balle, from Frankish *balla (“ball”), and may have influenced the spelling of this word. Both Germanic words are from Proto-Germanic *ballô (“ball”), *balluz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoln- (“bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell, inflate”). Akin to Old High German ballo, bal (“ball”), (German Ballen (“bale”); Ball "ball"). Doublet of ballon. More at ball.

der

(engraving) The outline enclosing words represented as coming from the mouth of a pictured figure.


cheek

en-noun

cheek (countable and uncountable, plural cheeks)

From Middle English cheeke, cheke, cheoke, choke, from Old English ċēce, ċēace, ċēoce (“cheek; jaw”), from Proto-West Germanic *kākā, *keukā (“jaw, cheek”), from Proto-Germanic *kēkǭ, *keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”), West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”), Dutch kaak (“jaw; cheek”), Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”), Norwegian kjake (“jaw”), Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”).

der

(metalworking) The middle section of a flask, made so that it can be moved laterally, to permit the removal of the pattern from the mould.


curl

From metathesis of Middle English crulle (“curled, curly”), from Middle Dutch crul, crulle (“curl”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”), of unknown origin; possibly from Pre-Germanic *grus-, contracted from Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”), same source as Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Krulle (“curl, lock”), West Frisian krul (“curl”), Dutch krul (“curl”), German Low German Krull (“curl”), dialectal German Krolle (“curl”), Danish krølle (“curl”), Norwegian krull (“curl”). Related also to Saterland Frisian Kruus (“curl”), German kraus (“frizzy, crumpled, curly”), Danish krus (“curl”), Swedish krusa (“to crimp, curl”). Compare also Gothic 𐌺𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (kriustan, “to grind, crush, gnash”).

unk

unknown

cog

The one-piece back is of a medium curl.

(music, chiefly lutherie) The contrasting light and dark figure seen in wood used for stringed instrument making; the flame.

loimukuvio

music: light and dark figure seen in wood


loam

en-noun

loam (countable and uncountable, plural loams)

From Middle English lome, lame, lam, from Old English lām (“clay, mud, mire, earth”), from Proto-West Germanic *laim, from Proto-Germanic *laimaz, *laimô (“clay”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Leem (“loam”), West Frisian liem (“loam”), Dutch leem (“loam”), German Lehm (“loam”). Related also to lime.

der

(metalworking) A mixture of sand, clay, and other materials, used in making moulds for large castings, often without a pattern.


muff

Probably from Dutch mof (“muff, mitten”).

(glassblowing) A blown cylinder of glass which is afterward flattened out to make a sheet.


rooter

In cutting across the grain a small steel cutter, No. 10, must first be used in a similar manner, moving the strip of wood which acts as a gauge, to cut the second line exactly the same width as the "rooter" blade; the "rooter" is then used as before, when the piece between the two lines made by the cutter will be neatly removed without leaving a burr, which would not be the case if the "rooter" was alone used across the grain.

2023, William Bemrose, Manual of Buhl-Work and Marquetry, page ii:

(woodworking) A blade for producing a narrow groove in a piece of wood.


spline

Mid-1700s East Anglian dialect. Origin uncertain but perhaps from Old Danish splind or North Frisian splinj and ultimately related to the root of splinter.

(woodworking) A strip of wood or other material inserted into grooves in each of two pieces of wood to provide additional surface for gluing.

liuska

strip of wood used in joining wooden parts


yoke

From Middle English yok, yoke, ȝok from Old English ġeoc (“yoke”), from Proto-Germanic *juką (“yoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”), from *yewg- (“to join; to tie together, yoke”). Doublet of yuga, jugum, yoga and possibly yogh.
Senses 3.1 (“area of arable land”) and 3.2 (“amount of work done with draught animals”) probably referred to the area of land that could generally be ploughed by yoked draught animals within a given time.

poikkipuu

linking or supporting object that resembles a yoke

駕駛桿 /驾驶杆

device with crosspieces used to control an aircraft

iugum

unit of land area notionally equivalent to the area a team of yoked draft animals can work in a day

Senses relating to a frame around the neck.

Any of various linking or supporting objects that resembles a yoke (sense 1.1); a crosspiece, a curved bar, etc.

(glassblowing) A Y-shaped stand used to support a blowpipe or punty while reheating in the glory hole.

pidike

(glassblowing) Y-shaped stand used to support a blowpipe or punty while reheating in the glory hole


moil

en-noun

moil (countable and uncountable, plural moils)

Of unclear origin; possibly from French meule or Hebrew מוהל (mohel, “ritual circumciser”), referring to the foreskin-like shape of the unwanted rim.

bor

(glassblowing) The glass circling the tip of a blowpipe or punty, such as the residual glass after detaching a blown vessel, or the lower part of a gather.

(glassblowing, blow molding) The excess material which adheres to the top, base, or rim of a glass object when it is cut or knocked off from a blowpipe or punty, or from the mold-filling process. Typically removed after annealing as part of the finishing process (e.g. scored and snapped off).

(glassblowing) The metallic oxide from a blowpipe which has adhered to a glass object.


gather

en-verb

gather (third-person singular simple present gathers, present participle gathering, simple past and past participle gathered)

gathers (present singular third-person)
gathering (participle present)
gathered (participle past)
gathered (past)

From Middle English gaderen, from Old English gaderian (“to gather, assemble”), from Proto-West Germanic *gadurōn (“to bring together, unite, gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, assemble, keep”).

der

(glassblowing) To collect molten glass on the end of a tool.


gather

(glassblowing) A blob of molten glass collected on the end of a blowpipe.


remark

en-noun

remark (countable and uncountable, plural remarks)

From Middle French remarquer, from Old French remarquer, from re- (“again”) + marquer (“to mark”); see mark.

(engraving) Alternative form of remarque


rive

en-verb

rive (third-person singular simple present rives, present participle riving, simple past rived or rove or rave, past participle rived or riven)

rives (present singular third-person)
riving (participle present)
rived (past)
rove (past)
rave (past)
rived (participle past)
riven (participle past)

From Middle English riven (“to rive”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse rífa (“to rend, tear apart”), from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną (“to tear, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to crumble, tear”).
Cognate with Danish rive (“to tear”), Old Frisian rīva (“to tear”), Old English ārǣfan (“to let loose, unwrap”), Old Norse ript (“breach of contract, rift”), Norwegian Bokmål rive (“to tear”), Swedish riva (”to tear”) and Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”). More at rift.

cog

(woodworking) To use a technique of splitting or sawing wood radially from a log (e.g. clapboards).


spike

From Middle English spike, spyke, spik, from Old Norse spík (“spike, sprig”), from Proto-Germanic *spīkō (“stick, splinter, point”), from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“to be pointed; sharp point, stick”). Cognate with Icelandic spík (“spike”), Swedish spik (“spike, nail”), Dutch spijker (“nail”), Old English spīcing (“spike”), and Latin spīca (“ear of corn”), which may have influenced some senses.

шпайкове

informal: running shoes with spikes in the soles


wane

From Middle English wane, from Old English wana (“defect, shortage”), from Proto-West Germanic *wanō, from Proto-Germanic *wanô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to leave, abandon; empty, deserted”).
Cognates
See also wan-, want, and waste. Compare also Dutch waan (“insanity”) and German Wahn (“insanity”) deprecated defect, Old Norse vanr (“lacking”) ( > Danish prefix van-, only found in compounds), Latin vanus, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 (wans, “missing, lacking”), Albanian vonë (“late, futile, mentally retarded”), Armenian ունայն (unayn, “empty”), Old Saxon and Old High German wanon (“to decrease”), Modern Dutch weinig (“a few”), Modern German weniger (“less”), comparative of wenig (“few”) (-ig being a derivate suffix; -er the suffix of comparatives). Doublet of vain, vaunt, vaniloquent, vast, vacuum, vacant, vacate, which are Latin-derived, via the PIE root.

cog

2002, Peter Ross, Appraisal and Repair of Timber Structures, p. 11,
Sapwood, or even bark, may appear on the corners, or may have been cut off, resulting in wane, or missing timber.

(woodworking) A rounded corner caused by lack of wood, often showing bark.


impression

en-noun

impression (countable and uncountable, plural impressions)

From Old French impression, from Latin impressio.

(engraving) A print on paper from a wood block, metal plate, etc.


pomelle

(woodworking) A specific type of woodgrain in lumber and veneers, also known as "quilted" from the French.


bunch

From Middle English bunche, bonche (“hump, swelling”), of uncertain origin.
Perhaps a variant of *bunge (compare dialectal bung (“heap, grape bunch”)), from Proto-Germanic *bunkō, *bunkô, *bungǭ (“heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ-, *bʰénǵʰus (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognates include Saterland Frisian Bunke (“bone”), West Frisian bonke (“bone, lump, bump”), Dutch bonk (“lump, bone”), Low German Bunk (“bone”), German Bunge (“tuber”), Danish bunke (“heap, pile”), Faroese bunki (“heap, pile”); Hittite [Term?] (/panku/, “total, entire”), Tocharian B pkante (“volume, fatness”), Lithuanian búožė (“knob”), Ancient Greek παχύς (pakhús, “thick”), Sanskrit बहु (bahú, “thick; much”)).
Alternatively, perhaps from a variant or diminutive of bump (compare hump/hunch, lump/lunch, etc.); or from dialectal Old French bonge (“bundle”) (compare French bongeau, bonjeau, bonjot), from West Flemish bondje, diminutive of West Flemish bond (“bundle”).

cog

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Rhenish glass, 60 of which constitute a way or web.


fillet

From Middle English filet, vylette, felet, filette, flette, from Old French filet, diminutive of fil (“thread”), from Latin fīlum (“thread”).

(woodworking) Any scantling smaller than a batten.


title

⇒ Wu: 抬頭 /抬头 (⁶de-deu)

→ Japanese: タイトル (taitoru)

→ Korean: 타이틀 (taiteul)

→ Welsh: teitl

From Middle English title, titel, from Old English titul (“title, heading, superscription”), from Latin titulus (“title, inscription”). Doublet of tilde, titer/titre, titlo, tittle, and titulus.

títol

section or division of a subject, as a law, lawbook, etc

With some City fans already leaving the stadium in tears, Edin Dzeko equalised in the second of five minutes of stoppage time before Sergio Aguero scored the goal that won the title.

2012 May 13, Phil McNulty, “Man City 3-2 QPR”, in BBC Sport:

Equally disadvantageous to Jackson was the fact that other than the Jacksonville Athletic Club and the National Sporting Club, virtually no organization was willing to sponsor a title fight between a black fighter and a white one.

1997, David Kenneth Wiggins, Glory Bound: Black Athletes in a White America:

(bookbinding) The panel for the name, between the bands of the back of a book.


caul

From Middle English calle, kelle, kalle, kolle (“caul, net, basket”), from Old English cāwl, cāul, cēawl, cēaul (“basket, container, net, sieve”), of uncertain origin. Reinforced by Old French cale (“close-fitting cap”), possibly a borrowing of the Old English term above, or alternatively related to Old French calotte (“headdress”), from Italian callotta, from Latin calautica (“type of female headdress which fell down over the shoulders”), itself of unknown origin. Cognate with Scots kell (“caul”).

ncog

(woodworking) A strip or block of wood used to distribute or direct clamping force.


shank

From Middle English schanke, from Old English sċanca (“leg”), from Proto-West Germanic *skankō, from Proto-Germanic *skankô (compare West Frisian skonk, Low German Schanke, German Schenkel (“shank, leg”), Danish skank, Norwegian skank, Swedish skänkel), from *skankaz (compare Old Norse skakkr (“wry, crooked”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (compare Middle Irish scingim (“I spring”), Ancient Greek σκάζω (skázō, “to limp”).

(metalworking) A large ladle for molten metal, fitted with long bars for handling it.


dap

en-verb

dap (third-person singular simple present daps, present participle dapping, simple past and past participle dapped)

daps (present singular third-person)
dapping (participle present)
dapped (participle past)
dapped (past)

Onomatopoeic, from the sound made when a person runs while wearing daps.

(metalworking) To create a hollow indentation.


haul

From Middle English hālen, hailen, haulen, halien (“to drag, pull; to draw up”), from Old French haler (“to haul, pull”), from Frankish *halōn (“to drag, fetch, haul”) or Middle Dutch halen (“to drag, fetch, haul”), possibly merging with Old English *halian (“to haul, drag”); all from Proto-Germanic *halōną, *halēną, *hulōną (“to call, fetch, summon”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, cry, summon”). The noun is derived from the verb.
Cognates
The word is cognate with Danish hale (“to haul”), Middle Dutch halen (“to draw, fetch, haul”), Dutch halen (“to fetch, bring, haul”), Old Frisian halia, Saterland Frisian halen (“to draw, haul, pull”), Low German halen (“to draw, pull”), Old High German halôn, holôn, German holen (“to fetch, get”), Norwegian hale (“to haul”), Old Saxon halôn (“to fetch, get”), Swedish hala (“to hale, haul, pull, tug”), and related to Old English ġeholian (“to get, obtain”).

cog

When the collected yarns number about 400, they are coiled up in a haul, and are ready either for tarring, or laying into white ropes. Previous to the haul being taken up for tarring, there is a slight turn put into it to keep it from getting entangled in the tar-kettle. […] 400 of such threads constituted a haul, and weighed 12 cwt. 2 qrs, and when tarred 15 cwt.

1842, B. S., “Rope-making”, in edited by Macvey Napier, The Encyclopædia Britannica, Or Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, 7th edition, volume XIX, issue 2, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, →OCLC, page 461, column 2:

(ropemaking) A bundle of many threads to be tarred.


veneer

en-verb

veneer (third-person singular simple present veneers, present participle veneering, simple past and past participle veneered)

veneers (present singular third-person)
veneering (participle present)
veneered (participle past)
veneered (past)

From German Furnier, from furnieren (“to inlay, cover with a veneer”), from French fournir (“to furnish, accomplish”), from Middle French fornir, from Old French fornir, furnir (“to furnish”), from Old Frankish frumjan (“to provide”), from Proto-Germanic *frumjaną (“to further, promote”). Cognate with Old High German frumjan, frummen (“to accomplish, execute, provide”), Old English fremian (“to promote, perform”). More at furnish.

cog

to veneer a piece of furniture with mahogany

The stateroom walls are veneered with finely figured English chestnut with the skirting and mouldings in English walnut.

1947 January and February, “South African Royal Train”, in Railway Magazine, page 36:

(transitive, woodworking) To apply veneer to.


biscuit

en-noun

biscuit (countable and uncountable, plural biscuits)

Tok Pisin: bisket

→ Bengali: বিস্কুট (biskuṭ)

→ Burmese: ဘီစကွတ် (bhica.kwat)

→ Cebuano: biskuwít, biskwit

→ Fiji Hindi: biskut

→ Gujarati: બિસ્કિટ (biskiṭ)

→ Hausa: bìskît

desc

ביסקוויט//בִּיסְקְוִיט

→ Hebrew: ביסקוויט /בִּיסְקְוִיט (bískvit)

→ Hiligaynon: biskwit

desctree

→ Hindi: बिस्कुट (biskuṭ)
→ Jarawa: biskuʈ (“biscuit”)

→ Indonesian: beskit, biskit

→ Japanese: ビスケット (bisuketto)

→ Korean: 비스켓 (biseuket)

→ Malay: biskut

→ Marshallese: petkōj

→ Punjabi: ਬਿਸਕੁਟ (biskuṭ)

→⇒ Scottish Gaelic: briosgaid

→ Spanish: bísquet, bísquete

→ Swahili: biskuti

→ Sylheti: ꠛꠤꠍꠇꠥꠐ (bisókuṭ)

→ Tagalog: biskuwit

→ Thai: บิสกิต (bís-gìt)

→ Urdu: بسکٹ (biskiṭ)
→ Ushojo: بسکٹ (biskiṭ)

→ Yoruba: bisikíìtì

→ Zulu: bhisikidi

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From earlier bisket, from Middle English bisquyte, from Old French bescuit (French biscuit); doublet of biscotto.

(woodworking) A thin oval wafer of wood or other material inserted into mating slots on pieces of material to be joined to provide gluing surface and strength in shear.

lamelverbinding

woodworking: wafer to provide gluing surface


pickle

en-noun

pickle (countable and uncountable, plural pickles)

→ Dutch: pickles

→ French: pickles

→ Irish: picil

→ Korean: 피클 (pikeul)

→ Portuguese: picles

→ Spanish: pickles, picle

→ Welsh: picil

From Middle English pikel (“spicy sauce served with meat or fish”), borrowed from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German pekel (“brine”). Cognate with Scots pikkill (“salt liquor, brine”), Saterland Frisian Piekele (“pickle, brine”), Dutch pekel (“pickle, brine”), Low German pekel, peckel, pickel, bickel (“pickle, brine”), German Pökel (“pickle, brine”).

cog

(metalworking) A bath of dilute sulphuric or nitric acid, etc., to remove burnt sand, scale, rust, etc., from the surface of castings, or other articles of metal, or to brighten them or improve their colour.

киселинна вана

metalworking: bath of dilute sulphuric or nitric acid, etc.


lantern

→ Bengali: লন্ঠন (lonṭhon)

Hindi: लालटेन (lālṭen)

→ Irish: laindéar

→ Malay: lentera

Indonesian: lentera

→ Telugu: లాంతరు (lāntaru)

From Middle English lanterne (13th century), via Old French lanterne from Latin lanterna (“lantern”), itself a corruption of Ancient Greek λαμπτήρ (lamptḗr, “torch”) (see lamp, λάμπω (lámpō)) by influence of Latin lucerna (“lamp”). The spelling lanthorn was current during the 16th to 19th centuries and originates with a folk etymology associating the word with the use of horn as translucent cover. For the verb, compare French lanterner to hang at the lamppost. Displaced native Old English lēohtfæt (literally “light-container”).

ncog

(metalworking) A perforated barrel to form a core upon.


reduction

en-noun

reduction (countable and uncountable, plural reductions)

From Middle English reduccion, a borrowing from Old French reducion, from Latin reductiō, reductiōnem.

The final stage of thickness reduction (typically 90% from about 2mm to <0.2mm) is carried out by cold rolling.

2016, Gordon L. Robertson, Food Packaging Principles and Practice, 3rd edition, page 191:

(metalworking) The ratio of a material's change in thickness compared to its thickness prior to forging and/or rolling.


skip

en-verb

skip (third-person singular simple present skips, present participle skipping, simple past and past participle skipped)

skips (present singular third-person)
skipping (participle present)
skipped (participle past)
skipped (past)

From Middle English skippen, skyppen, of North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *skupjaną, perhaps related to *skeubaną (“to drive, push”), iterative *skuppōną (“to push/move repeatedly, skip”), from Proto-Indo-European *skewbʰ- (“to push, throw, shake”).
Related to Icelandic skopa (“to take a run”), Old Swedish skuppa (“to skip”), modern dialectal Swedish skopa, skimpa (“to skip, leap”), and English shove. See also dialectal English skimp (“to mock”) (Etymology 1), considered by some to be related.

der

(knitting, crocheting) To pass by a stitch as if it were not there, continuing with the next stitch.

пропускам

knitting, crocheting: pass by a stitch as if it were not there


prunt

Unknown. Akin to English print, Scots prent (“a print”), Dutch prent (“a print”).

(glassblowing) A small piece of glass fused to the main body of a piece of glasswork and then shaped or pressed, for decoration


opener

オープナー

baseball pitcher who starts the game, but is planned to have a short outing

(metalworking) A person employed to separate sheets of hot metal that become stuck together.


glory hole

(glassblowing) A hole in the side of a furnace used to heat glass held on a metal rod.

trummeli

glassblowing: hole in the side of a furnace


knock up

en-verb

knock up (third-person singular simple present knocks up, present participle knocking up, simple past and past participle knocked up)

knocks up (present singular third-person)
knocking up (participle present)
knocked up (participle past)
knocked up (past)

to knock up printed sheets

(bookbinding) To make even at the edges, or to shape into book form.


whimsy

en-noun

whimsy (usually uncountable, plural whimsies)

Probably from whims + -y. Related to whim-wham, whim.

(glassblowing, countable) The support that protects a finished piece as it is detached from a punty.


punt

Borrowed from French pointe or Spanish punto (“point”). Doublet of point.

(glassblowing) A thin glass rod which is temporarily attached to a larger piece in order to better manipulate the larger piece.


whipping

whipping (countable and uncountable, plural whippings)

(bookbinding) The sewing of the edges of single leaves in sections by overcasting the thread.


winding

winding (countable and uncountable, plural windings)

The noun is derived from Middle English winding, windinge, wyndynge (“directional change, curve, turn; bend of the leg at the knee; meandering course of a river; act of turning and twisting; twisting of things (especially thread) together; wrapping of a cloth around something; wattling of a structure; wattle(s); ornamentation with interwoven patterns; hoisting of something”) [and other forms], and then partly:
* from winden, wynden (“to go, move; to move forcefully or suddenly; to direct, guide, lead; to go along a meandering or twisting course; to move in a circular pattern, revolve, turn; to move restlessly, toss and turn; to wriggle free; to move with a turning or twisting motion, bend, turn, twist; to form or mould (something) in one’s hands; to mix together; to cover; to clothe, dress; to wrap (a baby, a corpse, etc.); to encircle, surround; to bind; to interlace; to winch; (figurative) to conceal, disguise; to embroil, involve”) + -ing, -inge (suffix forming gerund nouns, and the present participle forms of verbs).; and
* from Old English windung (“woven object”), from windan (“to twist, wind; to circle, curl, eddy, spiral”) (from Proto-Germanic *windaną (“to wind; to wrap”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn; to wind”)) + -ung (suffix forming nouns denoting a verbal action or something involved in a verbal action).
The adjective is derived from the verb.
The English word is analysable as wind (“to turn coils of (a cord, etc.) around something; to encircle, enfold, entwist, wrap; to travel in a way that is not straight”) + -ing (suffix forming present participial adjectives and verbs, and nouns denoting an action or the embodiment of an action).

suffix

(lutherie) Synonym of lapping (“lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel”)


warp

en-verb

warp (third-person singular simple present warps, present participle warping, simple past and past participle warped)

warps (present singular third-person)
warping (participle present)
warped (participle past)
warped (past)

→ Japanese: ワープ (wāpu)

From Middle English werpen, weorpen, worpen, from Old English weorpan (“to throw”), from Proto-West Germanic *werpan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną (“to throw, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend, turn”).
Cognate with Scots warp (“to throw, warp”), North Frisian werpen (“to throw”), Dutch werpen (“to throw, cast”), German werfen (“to throw, cast”), Icelandic verpa (“to throw”).

der

The usual method is to warp the yarn, either in whole or half hauls, […]

1830, William Burney, A New Universal Dictionary of the Marine:

The next part of the process previous to tarring, is that of warping the yarns, or stretching them all to one length.

1852, Thomas Antisell, Hand-book of the Useful Arts: Including Agriculture, page 541:

(transitive, intransitive, obsolete, ropemaking) To run (yarn) off the reel into hauls to be tarred.


scroll

From Middle English scrowle, scrolle, from earlier scrowe, scrouwe (influenced by Middle English rolle), from Old French escroe, escrowe, escrouwe (“scroll, strip of parchment”), from Frankish *skrōda (“a shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudō, from *skrew- (“to cut; cutting tool”), extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Doublet of shred and escrow.

(lutherie) The carved end of a violin, viola, cello or other stringed instrument, most commonly scroll-shaped but occasionally in the form of a human or animal head.


gathering

From Middle English gadering, from Old English gaderung (“gathering, assembly”), equivalent to gather + -ing (verbal noun ending).

inh

/ˈɡæð.ə.ɹɪŋ/

This gathering machine forms the backbone of a bookbinding operation.

(bookbinding) A section, a group of bifolios, or sheets of paper, stacked together and folded in half.


mortise

From Middle English morteys, from Old French mortaise, from Arabic مُرْتَزّ (murtazz), from اِرْتَزَّ (irtazza).

If there is much gauging for the same size mortise and tenon to be done, and if a mortise gauge is not handy, a simple improvised gauge for the purpose can easily be made with two pieces of wood and four or five steel sprigs…

2016 September 6, A Little Book of Woodworking Joints - Including Dovetailing, Mortise-and-Tenon and Mitred Joints, 2nd edition (paperback), Read Books Limited, →ISBN:

A keyed mortise-and-tenon joint is constructed the same as a doweled mortise and tenon joint except that the tenon projects far enough through the mortise to admit the insertion of a tapering key which draws the mortised piece firmly against the shoulder of the tenon.

1918, Herman Frederick Rusch, Shop Work, Joinery-cabinet-making-carpentry, Chicago, Illinois, United States: University of Chicago Press, page 56:

(woodworking) A hole that is made to receive a tenon so as to form a joint.


mortise

en-verb

mortise (third-person singular simple present mortises, present participle mortising, simple past and past participle mortised)

mortises (present singular third-person)
mortising (participle present)
mortised (participle past)
mortised (past)

(transitive, woodworking) To cut a mortise in.

Sculptures from Mohenjodaro and Tell Asmar in 2400 B.C. show wheels consisting of three pieces of wood mortised together, and bound with leather tyres which were attached with copper nails. These wheels turned in one piece with the axle, which was secured to the body of the sledge with leather thongs.

1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 79:

(transitive, woodworking) To join by a mortise and tenon.


workpiece

Make sure the workpiece is properly secured in the chuck before turning on the lathe.

It is theorized that when the surface velocity is below certain minimum values the material at the interface between workpieces WP-1 and WP-2 rolls up and extrudes from the interface in the form of long twisted cylindrical projections which are sometimes referred to as "dingle-berries."

1967, M.R. Calton, Welding of Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys, US Patent 3477117, page 6:

If the operator violates this instruction and, for example, tries to slightly move the workpiece while the robot is screwdriving it, then the execution may be interrupted […]

2019, Maurice H. ter Beek, Alessandro Fantechi, Laura Semini, From Software Engineering to Formal Methods and Tools, and Back, page 113:

(machining, woodworking) The raw material or partially finished piece that is shaped by performing various operations.

obrobek

The material or partially finished piece on which a tool operates.


gadget

Unknown. First used in print by Robert Brown in 1886 (see quote in definition section). Might come from French gâchette or gagée, or from the French family name Gaget, an industrialist who produced promotional gadgets in collaboration with the project to build the statue of Liberty.

(glassblowing) A spring clip attached to the end of a punty in order to grasp the foot of a glass without leaving a bullion while finishing the bowl.


facing

(metalworking) A powdered substance, such as charcoal or bituminous coal, applied to the face of a mould, or mixed with the sand that forms it, to give a fine smooth surface to the casting.


gatherer

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gatherer.wav

From Middle English gaderere, gaderare, equivalent to gather + -er.

(glassblowing) A worker who collects molten glass on the end of a rod preparatory to blowing.


saddle

→ Japanese: サドル (sadoru)

Homer Tunnel
Milford Sound
Oxford English Dictionary

From Middle English sadel, from Old English sadol, from Proto-West Germanic *sadul, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz (“saddle”). Further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sod-dʰlo-, from *sed- (“to sit”) + *-dʰlom (a variant of *-trom (suffix forming nouns denoting instruments or tools)), though the Oxford English Dictionary says this “presents formal difficulties”.
Cognates
* Danish sadel
* Dutch zadel
* German Sattel
* Icelandic söðull
* Low German Sadel
* Russian седло́ (sedló)
* Saterland Frisian Soadel
* Scots sadil
* Swedish sadel
* West Frisian seal

saal

seat for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal

satula

something resembling a saddle in appearance or shape

satula

depression located along the axial trend of an anticline

Something resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

The part of a guitar which supports the strings and, in an acoustic guitar, transfers their vibrations through the bridge to the soundboard.

satula

A small object (traditionally made of ebony) at the bottom of a string instrument such as a cello, viola, or violin below the tailpiece on which the tailgut (“cord securing the tailpiece to the instrument”) rests.

satula

small object at the bottom of a string instrument below the tailpiece on which the tailgut rests


saddle

saddle (third-person singular simple present saddles, present participle saddling, simple past and past participle saddled)

saddles (present singular third-person)
saddling (participle present)
saddled (participle past)
saddled (past)
saddle (infinitive)

From Middle English sadelen (“to put a saddle on (an animal), to saddle”) [and other forms], from Old English sadolian, sadelian, sadilian (“to saddle”), from Proto-Germanic *sadulōną (“to saddle”), from *sadulaz (“a saddle”, noun) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōną (suffix forming denominative verbs from nouns).
Cognates
* Middle Dutch sādelen (modern Dutch zadelen)
* Middle Low German sādelen
* Old Danish sathlæ (modern Danish sadle)
* Old High German satalōn, satulōn (Middle High German satelen, sateln, German satteln)
* Old Norse sǫðla
* Old Swedish saþla (modern Swedish sadla)

nb...

(Late Middle English) saddull, sadylle, (Middle English) saddil, saddull, saddyll, sadel, sadele, sadil, sadille, sadillen, sadle, sadlen, sadul, sadulle, sadyl, sadyll, (Early Middle English) sadeli (West Midlands), sadelie (West Midlands), sadelien

nshiuedz

(transitive) to put a saddle on (an animal)

kiinnittää

to put (something) on to another thing like a saddle on an animal

satuloida

(intransitive) to put a saddle on an animal

(woodworking) To cut a saddle-shaped notch in (a log or other piece of wood) so it can fit together with other such logs or pieces; also, to fit (logs or other pieces of wood) together with this method.

loveta

to cut a saddle-shaped notch in (a log or other piece of wood) so it can fit together with other such logs or pieces; to fit (logs or other pieces of wood) together with this method


planer

(woodworking) A tool which smooths a surface or makes one surface of a workpiece parallel to the tool's bed.


merm

(hairdressing, informal) A permanent for a man.


barleycorn

(architecture, woodworking) A small groove between two moldings.


weft

From Middle English wefte, from Old English wefan (“to weave”), from Proto-West Germanic *weban, from Proto-Germanic *webaną. Equivalent to weave + -th.

Teaching tools include mannequins, slip-ons, hair wefts, rectangles, and profiles.

2009, Cosmetologists: 150 Great Tech Prep Careers, 2nd edition, page 135:

Then, she held up the hair as it would look on my head. She positioned it like a pro, holding wefts of human hair so that it looked like it grew from my scalp.

2011, Ryan Rayston, The Quiet Sound of Disappearing, AuthorHouse, page 289:

In the bonding method of attaching hair extensions, hair wefts or single strands are attached with an adhesive or bonding agent. The adhesive is applied to the weft with an applicator gun.

2012, Cengage Learning, Milady Standard Cosmetology, page 556:

(hairdressing) A hair extension that is glued directly to a person′s natural hair.


CBD

en-noun

CBD (countable and uncountable, plural CBDs or CBD's)

(hairdressing) Initialism of cut and blow-dry.


blowout

en:damage at exit side of drilled hole or sawn edge

(carpentry, woodworking) The damage done to the exit side of a drilled hole or sawn edge when no sacrificial backerboard is used during the drilling or sawing: the drill bit's or sawblade's exit on the far side causes chips of wood to be broken from the edge.


scaffold

From Middle English scaffold, scaffalde, from Anglo-Norman schaffaut, eschaffaut, eschafal, eschaiphal, escadafaut (“platform to see a tournament”) (Modern French échafaud), from Old French es- (indicating movement away or separation) (from Latin ex- (“out, away”)) + chafaud, chafaut, chafault, caafau, caafaus, cadefaut (“scaffold for executing a criminal”), from Vulgar Latin *catafalcum (“viewing stage”), possibly from Ancient Greek κατα- (kata-, “back; against”) + Latin -falicum (from fala, phala (“wooden gallery or tower; siege tower”)).

der

United States Capitol
scaffold (disambiguation)

(metalworking) An accumulation of adherent, partly fused material forming a shelf or dome-shaped obstruction above the tuyeres in a blast furnace.


tool-rest

(metalworking) The part of a machine, such as a lathe, that supports the cutting tool.


remarque

(engraving) A small design etched on the margin of a plate and supposed to be removed after the earliest proofs have been taken.

(engraving) Any feature distinguishing a particular stage of the plate.

(engraving) A print or proof distinguished by such a mark.


piña

en-noun

piña (countable and uncountable, plural piñas)

(metalworking) A cone of silver amalgam prepared for retorting.

(metalworking) The residual cone of spongy silver left after the retorting.


coucher

From Middle English coucher, from Anglo-Norman; equivalent to couch + -er.


puffer

From puff + -er.
The cellular automata definition is a clipping of puffer train.


shive

From Middle English schyfe, schyffe, from Proto-Germanic *skibō-; cognate with German Schäbe, Dutch scheef, and Low German Schääv, all ‘fragment of the woody core of flax or hemp’. The expected pronunciation would be /ʃɪv/; the pronunciation /ʃaɪv/ is probably due to the combined influence of Etymology 1 and the spelling.

(papermaking) A dark particle or impurity in finished paper resulting from a bundle of incompletely cooked wood fibres in the pulp.


bullion

bullion (countable and uncountable, plural bullions)

From Middle English bulloin, bullioun, from Anglo-Norman bullion, of obscure origin, perhaps from French bouillon, extending the sense to that of ‘melting’. Middle Dutch boelioen (“base metal”) seems to have come from the unrelated French billon.

(glassblowing) The mark left on a glass piece from its attachment to a punty.


blowpipe

(glassblowing) A long narrow pipe, rotated in the hands, upon which glassware is blown.


skiving

Coordinate term: hobbing

(metalworking) A type of machining that skives metal, with various applications including gear cutting.


boule

From French boule. Doublet of bull (etymologies 2 and 4) and bulla, or of bowl and pulla, depending on the etymology of the French word.

doublet

Behind him is lumber 'sawn in the boule.' Wood is more commonly sawn in this manner in Europe and is stacked in the order it comes from the log.

1986, Fine woodworking on wood and how to dry it, page 42:

Specialty lumber dealers can cut and sticker a log "in the boule," so that boards hold the same relative position they had before milling

1995 August, American Woodworker, number 46, page 41:

A live-sawn log kept as a unit is known as a boule

1991 August, American Woodworker, number 21, page 47:

IN THE BOULE. If you work with whole logs, allocate enough space for storing flitch-cut planks in the order they were sawn. Their sheer bulk helps keep them flat, and stacking in order makes sequential matching for color and grain much easier

2005, Andy Rae, Workshop Idea Book, page 94:

(woodworking) A through-sawn log with the slices restacked in the order and orientation they originally had in the log, usually with waney edges.


boule

en-noun

boule (usually uncountable, plural boules)


blanking

blanking (countable and uncountable, plural blankings)

(metalworking) A metalworking process to form the rough shape of a sheet-metal workpiece.


bullseye

→ German: Bullauge (calque)

→ Esperanto: bovokulo (calque)

From bull's + eye. May have come from the practice of English archers shooting an arrow through the eye socket of a bull's skull as a test of skill. The connection to philately comes from the shape of the key plate or vignette.


ripsaw

ripsaw (countable and uncountable, plural ripsaws)

A ripsaw will slice smoothly along the grain, but chew up the wood if it goes against the grain.

2001, Percival Everett, Erasure, Faber & Faber Limited (2021), pages 4-5:

(woodworking) A saw that is designed to cut wood along its grain, i.e. to rip, to execute a rip cut.


dovetail

The noun is derived from dove + tail. The verb is derived from the noun.

[T]heſe muſt be joined at Bottom to the Piles by a ſtrong Dove-tail, and the Piles joined vvith Braces; […]

1733, Philip Miller, “WINE-PRESS”, in The Gardeners Dictionary: […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: […] C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC, column 1:

With a warding file cut a dovetail on each of the ends to be joined, as shown by Fig. 1.

1900, “Brazing Keys”, in Paul N[ooncree] Hasluck, editor, Cassell’s Cyclopædia of Mechanics […] (First Series), London, Paris: Cassell and Company, […], →OCLC, page 311, column 1:

After marking out the pins on the drawer sides, we proceed with the next operation, that is, sawing the dovetails ready for chopping out the waste material.

[1921], [William Fairham], “The Dovetail Joint”, in Woodwork Joints: How They are Set Out, How Made and Where Used; […], Philadelphia, Pa., London: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, →OCLC, page 123:

DOVETAIL joints, well known for their strength, have long been used in fine cabinet work. Nowadays they are frequently displaced by other types of joints that are easier to make with power tools, but where a self-locking joint is needed for use without glue, the dovetail is unsurpassed.

1944 April, Edwin M. Love, “Handmade Dovetails”, in Charles McLendon, editor, The Popular Science Monthly, volume 144, number 4, New York, N.Y.: Popular Science Publishing Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 151, column 1:

(chiefly woodworking, often attributively)

In full dovetail joint: a type of joint where adjoining components are fastened by multiple tenons cut into wedge shapes resembling a dove's tail, which interlock with mortises having corresponding shapes.

تَعْشِيقَة

type of joint where adjoining components are fastened by multiple tenons cut into wedge shapes resembling a dove’s tail, which interlock with mortises having corresponding shapes

A tenon cut into a wedge shape resembling a dove's tail so that it interlocks with a mortise having a corresponding shape in a dovetail joint.


dovetail

en-verb

dovetail (third-person singular simple present dovetails, present participle dovetailing, simple past and past participle dovetailed)

dovetails (present singular third-person)
dovetailing (participle present)
dovetailed (participle past)
dovetailed (past)

[T]heſe Piles ought to be placed contrary to the Stillings, vvhich ſurround or croſs them every three Feet, and Dove-tail'd into the ſquare Supporters; […]

1733, Philip Miller, “WINE-PRESS”, in The Gardeners Dictionary: […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: […] C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC, column 2:

In house-building it is further forbidden [by Sultan Muhammed Shah] to dovetail or make the ends of the timbers (e.g. of the roof) fit accurately together, and also to build two verandahs, one on each side of the house, with their floors on a level with the floor of the main building; if two verandahs are used, the floor of one must be lower than that of the main building (kelek anak).

1900, Walter William Skeat, “Man and His Place in the Universe”, in Malay Magic: Being an Introduction to the Folklore and Popular Religion of the Malay Peninsula, London: Macmillan and Co.; New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, footnote 1, page 33:

(chiefly woodworking) To unite (components) with a dovetail (noun sense 2.1) or similar joint.

عَشَّقَ

to unite (components) with a dovetail or similar joint


lapping

en-noun

lapping (countable and uncountable, plural lappings)

From Middle English lapping, lappyng, lappinge, equivalent to lap + -ing.

(lutherie) Lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel.


piling

[ˈpʰaɪ̯ɫlɪŋ]

(ironworking) The process of building up, heating, and working fagots or piles to form bars, etc.


tooled

en-adj

tooled (comparative more tooled, superlative most tooled)

more tooled (comparative)
most tooled (superlative)

A few sets of tooled leather bindings were set out on narrow polished tables, between book ends.

1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 22:

(bookbinding) Impressed with an ornamental design.


ripping

en-noun

ripping (countable and uncountable, plural rippings)

The action of one who rips (in any sense).

(woodworking) Wood that has been ripped (cut parallel to the grain).


fingerboard

(music, lutherie) A flat or roughly flat strip on the neck of a stringed instrument, against which the strings are pressed to shorten the vibrating length and produce notes of higher pitches.


slicker

From slick (“to smooth or make slick”) + -er.

(metalworking) A curved tool for smoothing the surfaces of a mould after the withdrawal of the pattern.


bentwood

bentwood (countable and uncountable, plural bentwoods)

About this time [Michael] Thonet received his first major public commission from the famous Cafe Daum in Vienna. From this point on, the bentwood chair would be known by many as the Cafe Chair[…]. The back is made of four layers of twisted mahogany laminates, while the front legs appear to be bent from solid stock with turned capitals, which act as shoulders for the tenon of the leg into the seat. The seat frames are made of five layers of mahogany, as they were in the Schwarzenburg chairs. Because of its lightness, durability and accommodating design, the bentwood chair was perfectly suited for public places.

1985, “Michael Thonet”, in Fine Woodworking on Bending Wood: 35 Articles Selected by the Editors of Fine Woodworking Magazine, Newtown, Ct.: Taunton Press, →ISBN, page 56:

Bentwood furniture is made by bending and nailing long, straight, fresh branches or suckers of trees around a frame. Unlike most stick work, bentwood furniture is carefully planned before it is made.

1992, Daniel Mack, “Contemporary Styles of Rustic Furniture”, in Making Rustic Furniture, New York, N.Y.: Lark Books, →ISBN, page 42:

(woodworking, countable and uncountable, sometimes attributive) Lengths of wood that have been made pliable by heating with steam and then bent into the appropriate shape (to make furniture, ships' hulls, etc.).

Bugholz

wood that has been made pliable and bent


caulker

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-caulker.wav


grist

grist (countable and uncountable, plural grists)

From Middle English grist, gryst, from Old English grist, gyrst (“the action of grinding, corn for grinding, gnashing”), of obscure origin: possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language, or from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”). Cognate with Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”), German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”), Old English gristel (“gristle”).

cog

(ropemaking) A given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each of the three strands.


loper

(ropemaking) A swivel placed at one end of the ropewalk, with the whirl being at the opposite end.


jointer

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-jointer.wav

Any of various tools used to construct or finish joints, especially:

(woodworking) The largest kind of plane used by a joiner.


boulle

en-noun

boulle (usually uncountable, plural boulles)

The boulle clock ticked, with mindless vigilance.

2004, Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty […], 1st US edition, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:


marquetry

marquetry (countable and uncountable, plural marquetries)

strawen marquetry

Wearing a dress in Labour's ruby red, the shadow chancellor joins me at a circular table amid the art deco glamour of Bettys' subterranean Spindler room, which is adorned with numerous stained-wood “marquetry pictures”.

2023 October 7, Jim Pickard, “It's not government that creates jobs”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 3:

(uncountable, woodworking) A decorative technique in which veneers of wood, ivory, metal etc. are inlaid into a wooden surface to form intricate designs.


edge banding

(woodworking) Alternative spelling of edgebanding


spray

spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)

→ Esperanto: spraji

→ Turkish: sprey

From Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”).
Cognate with Middle High German spræjen, spræwen (“to squirt, spray, dust, splash, straw”), Danish dialectal språe (“to open up, burst forth”), Swedish dialectal språ (“to sprout, shoot forth, burst”), Norwegian dialectal spra, spræ (“to splash, splatter, spout, burst forth”), Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”), German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”).

der

(metalworking, countable) A side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute the metal to all parts of the mold.

побе́г

дерева или кустарника

(metalworking, countable) A group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed in the runner and its branches.


spalting

en-noun

spalting (countable and uncountable, plural spaltings)

(woodworking) Any coloration of wood, either living or dead, by fungi, which is considered visually or texturally appealing. Biochemical responses by the tree are not included within the scope of spalting.


waned

en-adj

waned (comparative more waned, superlative most waned)

more waned (comparative)
most waned (superlative)

(woodworking) Having wanes, i.e. rounded corners caused by lack of wood, often showing bark.


lacing

(bookbinding) The cords by which the boards of a book are fastened to the back.


purfling

The purfling on this violin is exceptionally beautiful.

(music, chiefly lutherie) Two or more very narrow strips of black wood enclosing a lighter-coloured strip of wood set close to the edge of the top and back of a string instrument such as a violin, cello or a guitar, following its outline, or this effect simulated with paint.


reenter

en-verb

reenter (third-person singular simple present reenters, present participle reentering, simple past and past participle reentered)

reenters (present singular third-person)
reentering (participle present)
reentered (participle past)
reentered (past)

(transitive, intransitive, engraving) To cut deeper where the aqua fortis has not bitten sufficiently.


nettling

en-noun

nettling (countable and uncountable, plural nettlings)

(ropemaking) A process, resembling splicing, by which two ropes are joined so as to form one rope.


buhl

buhl (usually uncountable, plural buhls)

A pronunciation spelling of Boulle, a French woodcarver.

(woodworking) A particularly decorative piece of brass or other material, used as inlay in furniture or other works.


parison

From French paraison, from parer (“pare”).

The wineglasses were from a matched dozen, each having begun as a glowing parison at the end of some blowpipe over in Murano but days before.

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 278:

(glassblowing) A spherical mass of glass, rolled immediately after being taken out of the furnace.


doubler

(metalworking) A person employed in a roller mill to fold the hot metal plates in half.


rabbet joint

(rare, woodworking) See definition at rabbet.


mortise-and-tenon joint

mortise-and-tenon joint (plural mortise-and-tenon joints)

A keyed mortise-and-tenon joint is constructed the same as a doweled mortise and tenon joint except that the tenon projects far enough through the mortise to admit the insertion of a tapering key which draws the mortised piece firmly against the shoulder of the tenon.

1918, Herman Frederick Rusch, Shop Work, Joinery-cabinet-making-carpentry, Chicago, Illinois, United States: University of Chicago Press, page 56:

(woodworking) A joint made by inserting a projecting tenon into a mortised slot.


lampwork

(glassblowing) A method for working with blown glass that does not require a furnace.

(glassblowing) Glass pieces made by this method.

(glassblowing) The activity of producing glass pieces using this method.


japanning

(art, woodworking) A European technique of creating lacquerware in imitation of the traditional Japanese style.


frigger

(glassblowing) An object made by a glassmaker (or, later, other craftsmen), as an ornament, a testing sample, or a test of skill.


mortice

One soon learned, however, that it was no easy thing to make wood do exactly as one required it. It looked quite easy in the masterly hands of the experienced pattern-maker, but the mysteries of dowelling and mortice and tenon were not uncovered in a week or two.

1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 341:

(woodworking) Alternative spelling of mortise


mortice

en-verb

mortice (third-person singular simple present mortices, present participle morticing, simple past and past participle morticed)

mortices (present singular third-person)
morticing (participle present)
morticed (participle past)
morticed (past)


quinternion

From quint- + -ernion, a suffix built from the ending of quaternion.

(bookbinding) Five gathered sheets of paper folded in two for binding together.

quinterno

five gathered sheets of paper folded in two


lagre

(glassblowing) A larger sheet of glass on which glass-sheet cylinders are spread.


dentelle

(bookbinding) An ornamental tooling like lace.


edgebanding

Pressure-sensitive edgebanding tape is the simplest and fastest to apply.

1996, Jack Gavin, “Edgebanding Tools and materials for hiding a panel's edges”, in Veneering, Marquetry and Inlay, page 46:

(woodworking) Veneer or laminate of the same type of material as used for the surface of furniture and with width matching standard thicknesses of such material, used to conceal the exposed edges.


butt joint

Using the lap joint in any of its applications provides strength in a cabinet where a butt joint would or could be used.

1990, Byron W. Maguire, Cabinetmaking: From Design to Finish, Carlsbad, CA: Craftsman, page 234:

(construction, woodworking) A joint formed by adjacent, separate section of material, such as where two neighboring pieces of insulation abut.


marver

(glassblowing) A flat heatproof surface on which a gather of glass is rolled into shape.


lampworker

(glassblowing) Someone who works with lampwork


pontil

(glassblowing) Alternative form of punty (“rod used in glassblowing”)


punty

1662, from French pontil, from Italian pontello or puntello, diminutive of punto, from Latin punctum (“a point”). Doublet of puntillo and pointel.

(glassblowing) A metal rod used in the glassblowing process. After a glass vessel has been blown to approximate size and the bottom of the piece has been finalized, the rod, which is tipped with a wad of hot glass, is attached to the bottom of the vessel to hold it while the top is finalized. It often leaves an irregular or ring-shaped scar on the base when removed, called the pontil mark.


quartersaw

quartersaw (third-person singular simple present quartersaws, present participle quartersawing, simple past quartersawed, past participle quartersawn)

quartersaws (present singular third-person)
quartersawing (participle present)
quartersawed (past)
quartersawn (participle past)

(woodworking) Cut radially (towards the heart of the log), at right angles to the growth rings, for stability or the production of decorative patterns.


chinrest

(music, lutherie) A shaped piece of wood, plastic, etc. attached to the body of a violin or viola to aid in the positioning of the player's chin against on the instrument.


lehr

(glassblowing) A long oven or kiln, often having a moving belt, used for annealing glass.


sandiver

From Old French suin de verre, suint de verre, literally "grease of glass".

(glassblowing, archaic) A scum that forms on molten glass.


tailpiece

(music, lutherie) An element, often triangular, to which the strings of a violin, guitar, etc. are attached at the lower end of an instrument.


upsetter

(metalworking) A kind of forging machine that moves horizontally.


crown molding

(woodworking, interior decorating) A molding at the edge of a room between the ceiling and the wall.


stop off

stop off (third-person singular simple present stops off, present participle stopping off, simple past and past participle stopped off)

stops off (present singular third-person)
stopping off (participle present)
stopped off (participle past)
stopped off (past)

(transitive, metalworking) To fill (a part of a mould) with sand, where a part of the cavity left by the pattern is not wanted for the casting.


bar stock

(metalworking) Portions of metal (stock) in the form of bars, suitable for machining (such as turning) or fabrication (such as welding). It comes in standard cross-sections and certain lengths, such as 6 to 12 feet.


merese

Perhaps via French [Term?] (compare French mérèse (growth by cell division), mérisme (merismus, merism)), ultimately from Ancient Greek μερίζω (merízō), from μέρος (méros, “part”) + -ίζω (-ízō, “-ize”), from Proto-Hellenic *(h)méros. First English attestation in 1923 on page 44 of Glass-making in England by Harry J. Powell.

af

(glassblowing) A flat, sharp-edged button, often a disc-shaped knob, separating the stem of a drinking-glass from the foot.


endpin

Among the ensemble’s strange, outmoded, “original” instruments — the feral horns, sour violins, wooden flutes, cellos without endpins — she seemed right at home, despite her Broadway provenance.

2007 July 8, Jesse Green, “Let Her Entertain You. Please!”, in New York Times:

(music, lutherie) The spike of a cello or double bass that makes contact with the floor and supports the weight of the instrument.


overstand

From Middle English overstonden, from Old English oferstandan (“to stand over”), equivalent to over- + stand. Cognate with Dutch overstaan (“to stand over”), German überstehen (“to stand through, survive”).

cog

(lutherie) The measurement between the top plate and the fingerboard where the neck meets the body of the instrument.


behinder

(metalworking) A person employed to take folded metal sheets from the doubler and pass them back to the rollerman.


single curve

(metalworking, manufacturing) A three-dimensional shape into which a thin flat sheet of material, e.g. metal, can be formed by bending alone, without stretching or compression.


compound curve

(metalworking, manufacturing) A three-dimensional shape into which a thin flat sheet of material, e.g. metal, can be formed by operations that must include stretching and/or compression, in addition to bending.


ringhead

In the figure only the top and bottom cylinder heads have been replaced by ringheads, with the side heads remaining conventional so that rounded corners can be produced on the planed planks.

1974, Richard A. Horn, Morphology of Wood Pulp Fiber from Softwoods and Influence on Paper Strength, page 3:

Variables were examined: Moisture content, angle of knives in ringhead, angle of cutting edge, position of ringhead in relation to centerline of piece being planed, and cutting speed.

1975, Bruce G. Heebink, Producing Flakes for Structural Particleboard on a Ringhead Planer:

(woodworking) A cutting tool or assembly that consists of a circular head which houses multiple cutting knives or blades arranged in a ring formation.


rosehead

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rosehead.wav

The rosehead bit has a series of cutters, nine in all, that radiate from the centre point.

1984, P. F. Lye, Woodwork Theory, page 67:

Usually included is a rose bit (Fig. 13.20) or the rosehead countersink (Fig. 13.21).

2006, Frank Saxon, Tolley's Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service, page 438:

A rosehead bit will also countersink brass, if it is necessary to deal with screw holes in hinges or other metal fittings; but there are flat countersinking bits for metal that are made to fit braces.

2007, Percy Blandford, The Woodworker's Bible: A Complete Guide to Woodworking:

(woodworking) A conical drillbit that has radiating blades.


finary

(archaic, ironworking) Alternative form of finery


woolder

(ropemaking) One of the handles of the top, formed by a wooden pin passing through it.


stakehead

(ropemaking) A horizontal bar on a stake, used for supporting the yarns which are kept apart by pins in the bar.


pegbox

(music, lutherie) The part of a violin or similar stringed instrument that holds the tuning pegs.


vatman

(papermaking) The employee responsible for gathering pulp from the vat on the mould in papermaking.


waney

(woodworking) A sharp or uneven edge on a board that is cut from a log not perfectly squared, or that is made in the process of squaring.


ternion

From Latin ternio, from terni (“three each”). See tern (adjective).

(bookbinding) A section of paper for a book containing three double leaves or twelve pages.


cold roll

en-verb

cold roll (third-person singular simple present cold rolls, present participle cold rolling, simple past and past participle cold rolled)

cold rolls (present singular third-person)
cold rolling (participle present)
cold rolled (participle past)
cold rolled (past)

(metalworking) To roll metal in a temperature that is below its recrystallization point.

kylmävalssata

to process metal by rolling in a low temperature


kerfing

Do you prefer bent solid linings or kerfings in your guitar? If kerfings, would you like regular or reversed kerfing?

(music, chiefly lutherie) A thin strip of wood kerfed to allow easy bending and then glued inside the body of a string instrument along the rim between its two abutting sides to reinforce the joint.


finger joint

(construction, woodworking) A joint, usually glued, in which multiple integral protrusions are fit into mating slots, used especially for manufacturing long moldings.

queue droite

(woodworking) a joint with multiple protrusions and slots


buhl work

The inlaid plates of brass and rosewood, called buhl work, which ornament our furniture, are, in some instances, formed by punching; but in this case, both the parts cut out, and those which remain, are in many cases employed.

1835, Charles Babbage, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures, 4th edition, page 96:

(woodworking) Carved pieces of brass or other material for inlay in furniture and other woodwork.


buhlwork

(woodworking) Alternative form of buhl work


en creux

(engraving) In intaglio; by sinking or hollowing out the design.


cold-shut

(metalworking) Closed while too cold to become thoroughly welded; said of a forging or casting.


slagger

Miravich closes his eyes and remembers his days as a slagger. When a mold is full, a slagger moves in with his tool, a technological marvel othereise known as a board slightly larger than a two-by-four. He leans out over the track and skims slag off the top of the boiling steel, risking what is called “catching a flyer,” which occurs when hot metal explodes out of the mold, spraying everyone in the vicinity.

2009, John Hoerr, Monongahela Dusk, page 255:


slipstitch

(crocheting) a stitch used to connect different parts of a work, achieved by pulling the thread through two non-adjacent loops


sound post

(lutherie) A wooden rod located inside the body of a violin-family instrument, close to the treble-side bridge foot.