gas

en-noun

gas (countable and uncountable, plural gases or gasses)

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

Coordinate term: Ether

gas fee

Gas is the fuel of Ethereum. Gas is not ether–it's a separate virtual currency with its own exchange rate against ether. Ethereum uses gas to control the amount of resources that transactions can use[…]

2018, Andreas M. Antonopoulos, Gavin Wood, Mastering Ethereum: Building Smart Contracts and DApps, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN:

The average “gas fee” – transaction cost – of an Ethereum transaction is between US$85 and US $156, according to crypto.com data.

2021 November 6, Ben Butler, “Australian banks are opening up to cryptocurrency: what does it mean for you?”, in The Guardian:

(uncountable, cryptocurrencies) An internal virtual currency used in Ethereum to pay for certain operations, such as blockchain transactions.


POW

(cryptography, cryptocurrencies) Alternative letter-case form of PoW (“proof of work”)


coin

coin (countable and uncountable, plural coins)

desc

→ Cantonese: coins (kon¹ si²) (from the plural noun form)

→ Japanese: コイン (koin)

From Middle English coyn, from Old French coigne (“wedge, cornerstone, die for stamping”), from Latin cuneus (“wedge”). Doublet of coign and cuneus. See also quoin (“cornerstone”). Displaced Middle English mynt, from Old English mynet (whence modern English mint), which was derived from Latin monēta.

der

What's the best coin to buy right now?

(informal, cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency; a cryptocoin.


moon

en-verb

moon (third-person singular simple present moons, present participle mooning, simple past and past participle mooned)

moons (present singular third-person)
mooning (participle present)
mooned (participle past)
mooned (past)

From Middle English mone, from Old English mōna (“moon”), from Proto-West Germanic *mānō, from Proto-Germanic *mēnô (“moon”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”), probably from *meh₁- (“to measure”).
cognates and doublets
Cognate with Scots mone, mune, muin (“moon”), North Frisian muun (“moon”), Saterland Frisian Moune (“moon”), West Frisian moanne (“moon”), Dutch maan (“moon”), German Mond (“moon”), Danish måne (“moon”), Norwegian Bokmål måne (“moon”), Norwegian Nynorsk måne (“moon”), Swedish måne (“moon”), Faroese máni (“moon”), Icelandic máni (“moon”), Latin mēnsis (“month”). See also month, a related term within Indo-European.

inh

It is impractical if a currency moons and plummets often.

I've followed several of the most popular crypto pundits on Twitter and discovered they constantly brag about their one big Hail Mary pick that mooned but neglect to mention – or delete – their numerous fumbles.

2019, Mark Grabowski, Cryptocurrencies: A Primer on Digital Money, Routledge, →ISBN:

(cryptocurrencies, of a coin or token) To rise in price rapidly or suddenly.


mine

en-verb

mine (third-person singular simple present mines, present participle mining, simple past and past participle mined)

mines (present singular third-person)
mining (participle present)
mined (participle past)
mined (past)

From Middle English, from Old French mine, from Late Latin mina, from Gaulish (compare to Welsh mwyn, Irish mianach (“ore”)), from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”).

Coordinate term: mint

Bitcoin supporters say that estimates of its carbon footprint are overstated. And if the computers that mine and help transact bitcoins are attached to an electric grid that uses wind and solar power, they add, mining and using it will become cleaner over time.

2021 March 9, Andrew Ross Sorkin, “Bitcoin's Climate Problem”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(cryptocurrencies) To earn new units of cryptocurrency by doing certain calculations.

挖礦

computing: to earn new units of cryptocurrency


ether

Gas is not ether–it's a separate virtual currency with its own exchange rate against ether.

(cryptocurrencies) Alternative letter-case form of Ether


dust

en-noun

dust (countable and uncountable, plural dusts)

→ Russian: дуст (dust)

From Middle English dust, doust, from Old English dūst (“dust, dried earth reduced to powder; other dry material reduced to powder”), from the fusion of Proto-Germanic *dustą (“dust”) and *dunstą (“mist, dust, evaporation”), both from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”).
Cognate with Scots dust, dist (“dust”), Dutch duist (“pollen, dust”) and dons (“down, fuzz”), German Dust (“dust”) and Dunst (“haze”), Swedish dust (“dust”), Icelandic dust (“dust”), Latin fūmus (“smoke, steam”). Also related to Swedish dun (“down, fluff”), Icelandic dúnn (“down, fluff”). See down.

der

(cryptocurrencies) Tiny amounts of cryptocurrency left over after a transaction due to rounding error.


dust

en-verb

dust (third-person singular simple present dusts, present participle dusting, simple past and past participle dusted)

dusts (present singular third-person)
dusting (participle present)
dusted (participle past)
dusted (past)

(cryptocurrencies) To attempt to identify the owner of (a cryptocurrency wallet) by sending tiny amounts of cryptocurrency.


mint

mint (third-person singular simple present mints, present participle minting, simple past and past participle minted)

mints (present singular third-person)
minting (participle present)
minted (participle past)
minted (past)

From Middle English mynt, münet (“money, coin”), from Old English mynet (“coin”), from late Proto-West Germanic *munit, from Latin monēta (“place for making coins, coined money”), from the temple of Juno Moneta (named for Monēta mother of the Muses), where coins were made. Doublet of money and manat.
The verb is from the noun; Old English mynetian (“to mint”) is a parallel formation.

der

Coordinate term: mine

Beeple’s collaged JPG was made, or “minted,” in February as a “nonfungible token,” or NFT.

2021 March 11, Scott Reyburn, “JPG File Sells for $69 Million, as ‘NFT Mania’ Gathers Pace”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(transitive, cryptocurrencies) To create a crypto token.


hash

From French hacher (“to chop”), from Middle French hacher, from Old French hacher, from Old French hache (“axe”), from Frankish *happjā (“axe”). Compare also Old English ġehæċċa (“sausage meat”, literally “that which is hacked or chopped up”).

ncog

(computing, cryptocurrencies) One guess made by a mining computer in the effort of finding the correct answer which releases the next unit of cryptocurrency; see also hashrate.


fork

Sranan Tongo: forku

→ Dutch: fork

→ Japanese: フォーク (fōku)

→ Kannada: ಫೋರ್ಕ್ (phōrk)

→ Korean: 포크 (pokeu)

→ Maori: paoka

→ Tamil: போர்க் (pōrk)

→ Telugu: ఫోర్క్ (phōrk)

From Middle English forke (“digging fork”), from Old English force, forca (“forked instrument used to torture”), from Proto-West Germanic *furkō (“fork”), from Latin furca (“pitchfork, forked stake; gallows, beam, stake, support post, yoke”), of uncertain origin. The Middle English word was later reinforced by Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French forque (= Old French forche whence French fourche), also from the Latin. Cognate also with North Frisian forck (“fork”), Dutch vork (“fork”), Danish fork (“fork”), German Forke (“pitchfork”). Displaced native gafol, ġeafel, ġeafle (“fork”), from Old English.
In its primary sense of “fork”, Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).

tienhaara

figurative: point in time of making a decision

afsplitsing

computer science: splitting of a process

odnož

computer science: copying and separately developing a project

bifurcació

computer science: a separately developed project based upon a copy of an existing project

a three-prong spear somewhat resembling a pitchfork

Known as a “fork”, the new version of bitcoin (dubbed Bitcoin XT) would support more transactions per hour, at the cost of increasing the amount of memory required to hold a full database of all the bitcoin transactions throughout history, known as the blockchain.

2015 August 17, Alex Hern, “Bitcoin's forked: chief scientist launches alternative proposal for the currency”, in The Guardian:

(figuratively, by abstraction, from a physical fork) (software development, content management, data management) A departure from having a single source of truth (SSOT), sometimes intentionally but usually unintentionally.

(cryptocurrencies) A split in a blockchain resulting from protocol disagreements, or a branch of the blockchain resulting from such a split.


miner

From mine + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (occupational suffix).

Coordinate term: staker

The move would have probably prevented Kazakhstan-based miners from accessing the bitcoin network.

2022 January 6, “Kazakhstan internet shutdown deals blow to global bitcoin mining operation”, in The Guardian:

(cryptocurrencies) Software or hardware that mines, or creates new units of cryptocurrency.

(cryptocurrencies) A person who mines cryptocurrency.


tumbler

The Department of Justice said it has arrested a Russian-Swedish national who allegedly operated a long-running cryptocurrency laundering site. According to a news release from the DOJ, Roman Sterlingov ran Bitcoin Fog, a cryptocurrency tumbler or “mixer”— which hides a cryptocurrency’s source by mixing it with other funds.

2021 April 29, Kim Lyons, “Feds arrest founder of bitcoin ‘mixer’ they say laundered $335 million over ten years”, in The Verge:

(cryptocurrencies) A service that mixes potentially identifiable or 'tainted' cryptocurrency funds with others, so as to obscure the audit trail; used for money laundering.


stake

en-verb

stake (third-person singular simple present stakes, present participle staking, simple past and past participle staked)

stakes (present singular third-person)
staking (participle present)
staked (participle past)
staked (past)

From Middle English stake, from Old English staca (“pin, tack, stake”), from Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake”), from Proto-Indo-European *stog-, *steg- (“stake”). Cognate with Scots stak, staik, Saterland Frisian Stak, West Frisian staak, Dutch staak, Low German Stake, Norwegian stake.

Any peer can participate in the mining process by staking coins in order to validate a new transaction. To become a miner, there are two options; you can stake your coins to be used by a trustworthy node […], or you can submit a full node to be selected as a miner.

2019, Elad Elrom, “Blockchain Basics”, in The Blockchain Developer […] , Apress, →ISBN, page 23:

(cryptocurrencies) To deposit and risk a considerable amount of cryptocurrency in order to participate in the proof of stake process of verification.


tumble

tumble (third-person singular simple present tumbles, present participle tumbling, simple past and past participle tumbled)

tumbles (present singular third-person)
tumbling (participle present)
tumbled (participle past)
tumbled (past)

From Middle English tumblen (“to fall over and over again, tumble”), frequentative of Middle English tumben (“to fall, leap, dance”), from Old English tumbian, from Proto-Germanic *tūmōną (“to turn, rotate”). Cognate with Middle Dutch tumelen (whence Dutch tuimelen), Middle Low German tumelen, tummelen, German taumeln and Danish tumle.

der

Now it’s easy to purchase bitcoins on any number of mainstream markets and “tumble” them so that their point of purchase is obscured.

2019, Brian Merchant, “Click Here to Kill: The dark world of online murder markets”, in Harper’s Magazine, volume 2020, number January:

(cryptocurrencies) To obscure the audit trail of funds by means of a tumbler.


RSI

en-noun

RSI (countable and uncountable, plural RSIs)

relative strength index
relative strength index#English

(finance, cryptocurrencies) Initialism of relative strength index.


mining

mining (countable and uncountable, plural minings)

→ Russian: ма́йнинг (májning)

Kazakhstan became last year the world’s second-largest centre for bitcoin mining after the United States, according to the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, after China clamped down on crypto mining activity.

(cryptocurrencies) Creation of new units of cryptocurrency by validating transactions and demonstrating proof of work.


burning

(cryptocurrencies) purposefully remove certain number of coins in circulation, by sending it to a public address where the private keys cannot be obtained (called burn address, eater address or black hole), usually should be available on the blockchain for anyone to review such a transaction. It’s a one-way address with no ability to reverse the transaction or withdraw the coins. For all practical purposes, the asset no longer exists (it has been “burned”). The act of burning effectively removes tokens from the available supply.


oracle

From Middle English oracle, from Old French oracle m, from Latin ōrāculum n.

For example, an oracle may send temperature data reported by the National Weather Service or report the daily LIBOR rate to a smart contract.

2020, Daniel T. Stabile, Kimberly A. Prior, Andrew M. Hinkes, “Smart Contracts”, in Digital Assets and Blockchain Technology, Edward Elgar Publishing, →ISBN, page 223:

(cryptocurrencies) A third-party service that provides smart contracts with information from the outside world.


PDA

PDA (countable and uncountable, plural PDAs)

(cryptocurrencies, Solana) Initialism of program derived address.


side chain

The Blockstream developers, meanwhile, were accused of working for the interests of their company, Blockstream, rather than the good of Bitcoin as a whole. Their company, after all, proposed breaking many smaller transactions off onto so called sidechains that would occasionally link back up with the main Bitcoin blockchain, […]

2015, Nathaniel Popper, “Epilogue”, in Digital Gold, 1st edition, New York: Harper, →ISBN, →OCLC:

A sidechain does not have a native token but rather creates a two-way peg or a 1:1 peg between bitcoin (tokens) and the “pegged bitcoin” on the sidechain.

2021, H. Kent Baker, Ehsan Nikbakht, Sean Stein Smith, The Emerald Handbook of Blockchain for Business, Emerald Group Publishing, →ISBN, page 179:

(cryptocurrencies) A separate blockchain attached to a parent blockchain (mainchain) to extend its functionalities.


Doge

(informal, cryptocurrencies) Clipping of Dogecoin (“a unit of the cyptocurrency”).


Ether

Coordinate term: gas

After more than 30 bids, the auction ended at 12:32 p.m. Eastern time, with a winning bid of 350 Ether, or about $560,000.

2021 March 26, Kevin Roose, “Why Did Someone Pay $560,000 for a Picture of My Column?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(cryptocurrencies) A unit of the Ethereum digital currency, ETH.


jeet

Clipping of pajeet (“an Indian”), the second part of which is derived from Hindi जीत (jīt, “victory, win”). Sense 2 likely stems from the fact Indian posters tended to shill low circulation crypto coins (or "shitcoins") in order to get anons on 4chan's /biz/ board to buy into them, only for the scammer to sell off at the first hint the coin was going for a downturn.

As the coin dropped by 1%, all of the jeets started panic-selling simultaneously.

This project has the potential to fly. The whitepaper and team sold me. This is not a project for the jeets though. Jeets will need to find a low mc launch to through there .2 bean at

2022 January 30, u/SpecificSalamander19, “🐺 We are proud to announce that Coyote Coin is launching soon! 🔥 A Dual Chain coin created to change the way you think about crypto! 🐺”, in Reddit, r/AllCryptoBets, archived from the original on 2023-12-23:

thats ok, your wife will cheer me up in the back of my porsche truck, which dumb jeets like yourself paid for by shorting and swing trading in the negative

2022 September 28, “If your looking for a 'REALTIME' education on what FOMO is...look no further”, in Reddit, r/WallStreetBetsCrypto, archived from the original on 2023-12-23:

NFT "jeets" are Olympic champions when it comes to losing money. Somehow, they always get the best whitelists for every release. As soon as they mint something, they start to drop price by 10% every 2 hrs. In just a day or two, these jeets will sell 40% or less under mint price on OpenSea.

2023 May 16, u/MaximumStudent1839, “Ubisoft wants to sell Assassin's Creed's Ezio's 'digital soul' as an NFT”, in Reddit, r/CryptoCurrency, archived from the original on 2023-12-23:

this is why the jeets are running scared, but if you are well diversified on BTC and ETH you should brush it off. There´s always that risk.

2023 August 1, u/MWCyrus, “Richard Heart is being sued by the SEC for securities fraud!”, in Reddit, r/Pulsechain, archived from the original on 2023-12-23:

(Internet slang, 4chan, cryptocurrencies, derogatory) An investor who is extremely risk-averse and will sell off their holdings at the slightest hint of a downturn.


mixer

→ Dutch: mixer

→ French: mixer

→ Polish: mikser

→ Romanian: mixer

desc

→ Russian: ми́ксер (míkser), ми́кшер (míkšer)

→ Turkish: mikser, mixer


airdrop

But Facebook is also likely to carry out what’s known in cryptocurrency circles as an “air drop”, handing out small amounts of currency for free in an effort to kickstart the ecosystem.

[2019 June 18, Kari Paul, “What is Libra? All you need to know about Facebook's new cryptocurrency”, in The Guardian:

(cryptocurrencies) The distribution of free tokens to help bootstrap a new cryptocurrency.


airdrop

en-verb

airdrop (third-person singular simple present airdrops, present participle airdropping, simple past and past participle airdropped)

airdrops (present singular third-person)
airdropping (participle present)
airdropped (participle past)
airdropped (past)

(cryptocurrencies) To distribute free tokens to help bootstrap a new cryptocurrency.


EVM

(cryptocurrencies) Initialism of Ethereum virtual machine.


crypto

en-noun

crypto (countable and uncountable, plural cryptos)

Nigeria—the world's second-largest Bitcoin market after the United States—has banned the trading of cryptocurrencies. It's triggered anger among Nigerians who see cryptos as a safe haven in a battered economy.

2021 February 12, Fred Muvunyi, “Nigeria's cryptocurrency crackdown causes confusion”, in Deutsche Welle News, Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2021-02-13, World:

Some Turks have turned to crypto as a way to protect their savings from skyrocketing inflation and the weakening of its currency, the lira.

2021 April 26, Ryan Browne, “A second bitcoin exchange collapses in Turkey amid crackdown on cryptocurrencies”, in CNBC, retrieved 2021-04-26:

But to state and federal regulators and some members of Congress, the entry of crypto into banking is cause for alarm.

2021 September 5, Eric Lipton, Ephrat Livni, “Crypto’s Rapid Move Into Banking Elicits Alarm in Washington”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(informal, cryptocurrencies) Clipping of cryptocurrency.


ledger

From Middle English liggere, ligger, leger (“large breviary; beam, plank; dweller, inhabitant”), from liggen, leggen, variants of līen (“to lie down; to bow, kneel, prostrate; to die; to be located (somewhere); to remain in place, stay”), from Old English liċġan (“to lie down; to be situated”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie down”). The word is cognate with Dutch legger (“daybook; layer”) (from leggen (“to lay”), liggen (“to lie down”)), and is related to English ledge, lie (“to be prostrate”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

refn

From the collection of the Museum der Alltagskultur (Museum of Everyday Culture) in Waldenbuch, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

tilikirja

To be clear: there's only one ledger, but that ledger is not stored in any one central location. Rather, identical copies exist on every node—a copy on every computer.

2020, Sir John Hargrave, Evan Karnoupakis, Blockchain Success Stories, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 19:

A book or other scheme for keeping accounting records.

(cryptocurrencies) A distributed ledger, a public financial transaction database, typically using a blockchain.


token economy

The supply of any token is also important in the operation of a token economy, as well as for the more fundamental issue of token valuation.

2019, Chris Brummer, Cryptoassets: Legal, Regulatory, and Monetary Perspectives, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 165:

(cryptocurrencies, economics) An economy based on cryptocurrency tokens.


coiner

From Middle English coynour, from Middle French coigneur; equivalent to coin + -er (agent noun suffix). In the cryptocurrency sense, coin + -er (“supporter”).

(cryptocurrencies) A person who invests in or advocates for cryptocurrencies.


CX

en-noun

CX (countable and uncountable, plural CXes)

(cryptocurrencies) Abbreviation of cryptocurrency.


IEO

IEO (countable and uncountable, plural IEOs)

initial exchange offering
w:initial exchange offering

(cryptocurrencies) Initialism of initial exchange offering.


DAO

DAO (countable and uncountable, plural DAOs)

As the name suggests, DAOs are autonomous entities that subsist independently from any legal or moral entity. After they have been created and deployed onto the internet, they no longer need (nor heed) their creators.

2014 March 8, Primavera De Filippi, “Tomorrow's Apps Will Come From Brilliant (And Risky) Bitcoin Code”, in Wired, →ISSN:

Humans aren't in charge, they are on the edges. AI is what makes the decisions and the DAO maintains itself. DAOs aren't just defined by having AI make all the decisions, they also have their own internal capital.

2016, Siraj Raval, Decentralized Applications, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN:

But with the mayor’s backing, Mr. Nelson is planning to establish a trust fund that would serve as the basis of the DAO. “I’m dreaming,” he said. “Two Harbors could turn into Disneyland.”

2022 January 25, David Yaffe-Bellany, “The Rise of the Crypto Mayors”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

DAOs, which have been described as “financial flash mobs” or “group chats with bank accounts,” are among the fastest-growing parts of the crypto ecosystem.

2022 March 2, Erin Woo, Kevin Roose, “This Social Club Runs On Crypto Tokens and Vibes”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

decentralized autonomous organization
w:decentralized autonomous organization

(cryptocurrencies, Web3) Acronym of decentralized autonomous organization, an autonomous entity based on smart contracts on a blockchain.


trustless

A trustless network can run even if none of its nodes trusts another.

In the trustless cryptocurrency world, you can still trust the cryptocurrency community and its mechanisms to ensure that the blockchain contains an accurate and immutable—unchangeable—record of cryptocurrency transactions.

2019, Peter Kent, Tyler Bain, Cryptocurrency Mining For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 30:

This article draws from the extensive academic discussion on the concepts of “trust” and “confidence” to argue that blockchain technology is not a ‘trustless technology’ but rather a ‘confidence machine’.

2020 August, Primavera De Filippi, Morshed Mannan, Wessel Reijers, “Blockchain as a confidence machine: The problem of trust & challenges of governance”, in Technology in Society, volume 62, →DOI:

If it becomes cheaper to use a TTP to verify the transaction than some cryptographic or other automated mechanism, then the benefit of being “trustless” becomes an illusion.

2021, Shin'ichiro Matsuo, Nat Sakimura, editors, Blockchain Gaps: From Myth to Real Life, Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 34:

And the system would be “trustless” — that is, it would not rely on a trusted party, such as a bank or government, to arbitrate transactions.

2022 June 7, Siobhan Roberts, “How ‘Trustless’ Is Bitcoin, Really?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(computing, cryptocurrencies) Which does not need any trust, or a trusted third party.


to the moon

The marketing of this relatively new money has so far been limited mostly to ads on trade websites and targeted pushes on social media, where aficionados swap meme-fueled in-jokes about coin values rocketing to the moon.

2021 July 7, Tiffany Hsu, Coral Murphy Marcos, “Cryptocurrency Seeks the Spotlight, With Spike Lee’s Help”, in The New York Times:

(cryptocurrencies, slang) Of a cryptocurrency, increasing rapidly and substantially in value.


to the moon

(cryptocurrencies, slang) An aspirational or rallying call for confidence that the value of a cryptocurrency will greatly increase in the future.


staker

Coordinate term: miner

A staker earns a part or the entirety of the transaction fees upon transaction validation. The number of transaction validations allowed for a staker is directly proportional to the amount and duration of their assets on stake.

2020, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, Ali Dehghantanha, Reza M. Parizi, editors, Blockchain Cybersecurity, Trust and Privacy, Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 208:

(cryptocurrencies) One who participates in proof of stake.


ENS

Coordinate term: DNS

The components involved in ENS loosely mimic those of DNS, with the difference that they are implemented as smart contracts within the Ethereum network.

2019, Santiago Palladino, Ethereum for Web Developers, Apress, →ISBN, page 267:

(cryptocurrencies) Initialism of Ethereum Name Service.


altcoin

Sure, like all the other altcoins, Dogecoin offers some variability, like a theoretical max of 100 billion versus 21 million, and a different proof-of-work algorithm, but we’re reaching Furby levels of ridiculousness here.

2013, sdjf, “Dogecoin ~ internet meme dog coin.”, in uk.politics.misc (Usenet):

Altcoins use either Scrypt or SHA256 encryption algorithm, because the 'project forks' are from either Litecoin or Bitcoin. […] A few crypto economists believed that Altcoins is contributed ^([sic]) to a diverse crypto commodities marketplace, which is good.

2013, John Davidson, The Digital Coin Revolution - Crypto Currency - How to Make Money Online, JD-Biz Corp Publishing, →ISBN:

Indeed, after a week of existence, Dogecoin is already the 24th most valuable altcoin, with a total market value of $1,621,559 based on the exchange CoinedUp, though it might be worth even more elsewhere.

2013, John Stevenson, Dogecoin - Bitcoin's poor cousin?, page 18:

MASTERCOIN […] An altcoin invented by J. R. Willett. According to the Website, “The Master Protocol facilitates the creation and trading of smart properties and user currencies as well as other types of smart contracts. […]”

2014, Deborah Gonzalez, Managing Online Risk: Apps, Mobile, and Social Media Security, Butterworth-Heinemann, →ISBN, page 199:

Most altcoins follow the bitcoin model of having a finite ultimate supply of coins.

2014 June 13, Black Market Cryptocurrencies, page 47:

(cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency other than bitcoin.


dogecoin

dogecoin (countable and uncountable, plural dogecoins)

/ˈdəʊd͡ʒkɔɪn/

The success of ransomware could be attributed to wide adoption of digital currencies or crypto currencies, such as bitcoin, litecoin ukash, dogecoin, ripple and monero, among others.

2017 August 19, Roderick Abad, “Slow Internet speed helping PHL fend off cyber felons”, in Business Mirror:

The net worth of Markus and Palmer is unknown due to their tendency to stay off social media and online platforms. However, dogecoin was estimated to be worth almost $17billion as of April 14, 2021.

2021 April 16, Jacob Bentley-York, “Who are Dogecoin founders Billy Markus and Jackson Palmer?”, in The US Sun, retrieved 2021-04-28:

(uncountable, cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency featuring the Shiba Inu from the "doge" meme as its logo.


mainchain

One user start^([sic]) to withdraw assets from sidechain to mainchain by sending transaction.

2020, Sheng Wen, Albert Zomaya, Laurence T. Yang, Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 557:

(cryptocurrencies) A blockchain with one or more sidechains attached to it.


Nakamoto

Nakamoto consensus

Nakamoto protocol

(cryptocurrencies) Of, or pertaining to, the blockchain technologies promulgated by Satoshi Nakamoto.


DEX

DEX (countable and uncountable, plural DEXes)

(cryptocurrencies) Abbreviation of decentralized exchange.


cold storage

(cryptocurrencies) A place where private keys are stored away from the Internet to prevent them from being stolen.


smart contract

Coined by American computer scientist Nick Szabo in 1996.

coin

These are only a few examples of ways you can secure your smart contracts. The best thing to do to create a secure smart contract is to find an external auditor.

2019, Kevin Solorio, Randall Kanna, David H. Hoover, Hands-On Smart Contract Development with Solidity and Ethereum, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 240:

Technically speaking a smart contract is a self-enforcing agreement between parties, mutually unknown and otherwise anonymous counterparts, which is capable of executing the rules automatically in satisfying certain conditions.

2020, Miadreza Shafie-khah, Blockchain-Based Smart Grids, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 112:

(technology, cryptocurrencies) A software protocol that is capable of automatically enforcing terms agreed upon in a contract.


paper wallet

(cryptocurrencies) A collection of pieces of paper written or printed with credentials needed to spend one’s cryptocoins.


ICO

We have finished the coin website and are ready to launch the ICO offering. We are currently in the Phase 1 portion of the offering which is by far the best. We need your help in building a great community and we want to say Thank you with our ICO Phase one offering.

2014 February 27, Sparta, “Posted on Cryptocointalk.com”, in SpartaCoin, archived from the original on 2014-03-17:

The hype around blockchain technology is turning ICOs into the next digital gold rush: According to the research firm Smith and Crown, ICOs raised $27.6 million in the first two weeks of May alone.

2017 May 31, David Z. Morris, “The Rise of Cryptocurrency Ponzi Schemes”, in The Atlantic:

initial coin offering
initial coin offering#English

(cryptocurrencies) Initialism of initial coin offering.


ATH

(stock market and cryptocurrencies trading) Initialism of all-time high, referring to the value of an asset.


rug-pull

A back-formation from pull the rug out from under.

back-formation

Coordinate term: pump and dump

The anonymous founders of a crypto collective called AnubisDAO raised nearly $60 million in a few hours last year; less than a day later, the funds disappeared in the second-largest rug pull of 2021, according to the blockchain-tracking firm Chainalysis.

2022 March 2, David Yaffe-Bellany, “Millions for Crypto Start-Ups, No Real Names Necessary”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(cryptocurrencies) A fraud scheme where anonymous founders trick people into investing money for a cryptocurrency project which is then abandoned.


rug pull

en-verb

rug pull (third-person singular simple present rug pulls, present participle rug pulling, simple past and past participle rug pulled)

rug pulls (present singular third-person)
rug pulling (participle present)
rug pulled (participle past)
rug pulled (past)

To prevent rugging, projects have implemented measures to commit liquidity through locking contracts and token burn related to liquidity pools. DeFi100 coin creators have rug pulled close to USD 32 million. SushiSwap has also suffered[…]

2021 August 31, Rajesh Dhuddu, Srinivas Mahankali, Blockchain A to Z Explained: Become a Blockchain Pro with 400+ Terms (English Edition), BPB Publications, →ISBN:

For that reason, you need to do your research before deciding on a cryptocurrency to yield farm. ... former Google engineers with visible faces and active Twitter accounts, it is unlikely that you will be “rug pulled” by that project.

2022 May 10, Robert Ross, A Beginner's Guide to High-Risk, High-Reward Investing: From Cryptocurrencies and Short Selling to SPACs and NFTs, an Essential Guide to the Next Big Investment, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 244:

“Until the crypto market had a drop and some of the bigger exchanges cratered,” he explained. “People got nervous and wanted their money out of crypto. It should have been no big deal to ... “And then you got rug pulled?” I guessed.

2022 December 14, Roxie Rivera, When The Westons Went To Moscow, Night Works Books:

(cryptocurrencies) to carry out a rug-pull


liquidity provider

en-noun

liquidity provider (plural liquidity providers)

(cryptocurrencies) A decentralized exchange user who funds a liquidity pool with tokens that they own to facilitate trading on the platform and earn passive income on their deposit.


megahash

(computing, cryptocurrencies) A million hashes.


terahash

(computing, cryptocurrencies) A trillion (10¹²) hashes.


hashrate

Specialized hardware like a GPU is designed to do large numbers of small tasks very quickly, and so excel at hashing: typically a single GPU can produce a hashrate at least ten times faster than that of a single CPU.

2017, Adam Rothstein, The End of Money, John Murray Press, →ISBN:

(computing, cryptocurrencies) The number of proof of work hashes that a mining computer can make in a given period of time, usually a second.


DeFi

DeFi services use smart contracts, cryptocurrency, and blockchain to replace some of the services that banking has traditionally provided.

2020, Lorne Lantz, Daniel Cawrey, Mastering Blockchain, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 158:

DeFi eliminates human intermediaries like brokers, bank clerks and traders, and instead uses algorithms to execute financial transactions, such as lending and borrowing.

2021 September 5, Eric Lipton, Ephrat Livni, “Crypto’s Rapid Move Into Banking Elicits Alarm in Washington”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

decentralized finance
decentralized finance#English

(finance, cryptocurrencies) Acronym of decentralized finance.


NFT

NFT (countable and uncountable, plural NFTs)

NFTs can be used to represent ownership of a digital or physical asset; for example, CryptoKitties is an Ethereum game in which each digital collectible kitten is represented with a unique NFT token. NFTs can also be used to represent a piece of digital art, that is unique and non-fungible.

2019, Jitendra Chittoda, Mastering Blockchain Programming with Solidity, Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 216:

The Winklevii rode the cryptocurrency wave to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index and are bullish on NFTs. They ask why collecting digital art should be any different from collecting rare baseball cards.

2021 February 17, Mickey Rapkin, “‘Beeple Mania’: How Mike Winkelmann Makes Millions Selling Pixels”, in Esquire:

“Everydays” was the first purely digital NFT sold by Christie’s, and it offered to accept payment in Ethereum, another first for the 255-year-old auction house.

2021 March 11, Scott Reyburn, “JPG File Sells for $69 Million, as ‘NFT Mania’ Gathers Pace”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

non-fungible token
non-fungible token#English

(cryptocurrencies) Initialism of non-fungible token.


NFT

en-verb

NFT (third-person singular simple present NFTs, present participle NFTing, simple past and past participle NFTed or NFT'd)

NFTs (present singular third-person)
NFTing (participle present)
NFTed (participle past)
NFTed (past)
NFT'd (participle past)
NFT'd (past)

Typically, the art object that gets NFT’d is a digital file — maybe a JPEG image or an MP4 video — that lives on some hard drive, and that looks or sounds precisely the way it would have in the decades before NFTs came along.

2022 March 3, Blake Gopnik, “One Year After Beeple, the NFT Has Changed Artists. Has It Changed Art?”, in The New York Times:

(transitive, cryptocurrencies, neologism) To associate a non-fungible token (NFT) with.


proof of work

en-noun

proof of work (countable and uncountable, plural proofs of work)

The network timestamps transactions by hashing them into an ongoing chain of hash-based proof-of-work, forming a record that cannot be changed without redoing the proof-of-work.

2008 October 31, Satoshi Nakamoto, “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”, in metzdowd.com Cryptography Mailing List:

Blockchains that use “proof-of-work”, as many popular cryptocurrencies do, raise yet another problem: they require a huge amount of raw energy to secure them.

2018 March 5, Nouriel Roubini, Preston Byrne, “Bitcoin is based on the blockchain pipe dream”, in The Guardian:

(cryptography, cryptocurrencies) A form of cryptographic proof in which a prover proves to verifiers that a certain amount of a specific computational effort has been expended.


PoW

PoW (countable and uncountable, plural PoWs)

With PoW, as new, unverified transactions become available or broadcast to the entire blockchain network, each node that maintains a copy of the ledger (also known as a “miner”) verifies a set of those transactions to prevent so called “double spending”.

2019, Peng Zhang, Role of Blockchain Technology in IoT Applications, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 187:

(countable and uncountable, cryptography, cryptocurrencies) Initialism of proof of work.


proof of stake

Coordinate term: proof of work

The purest form of proof of stake is simply to make mining easier for those who can show they control a large amount of currency.

2016, Arvind Narayanan, Joseph Bonneau, Edward Felten, Andrew Miller, Steven Goldfeder, Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies: A Comprehensive Introduction, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 209:

(cryptocurrencies) A process for transaction verification on a blockchain which does not require energy-intensive mining.


cryptocurrency wallet

cryptocurrency wallet (plural cryptocurrency wallets)

But now that you're using the most advanced, futuristic form of money (cryptos, baby!), you're gonna need a brand-new type of wallet to go with it: a cryptocurrency wallet. With a cryptocurrency wallet, you can not only store the value of your digital money but also send and receive currencies.

2019, Kiana Danial, Cryptocurrency Investing For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 95:

(cryptocurrencies, finance) A device, program or a service which stores the public or private keys for cryptocurrency transactions.

kryptovaluuttalompakko

virtual wallet for holding cryptocurrency


soft fork

Coordinate term: hard fork

As it pertains to blockchain technology, a soft fork is an upgrade to mining software that makes a change to the network but does not require that all miners participate.

2020, Lorne Lantz, Daniel Cawrey, Mastering Blockchain, O'Reilly, →ISBN, page 61:

(cryptocurrencies) A rule change of a blockchain that does not require an upgrade of the whole network.


hard fork

Coordinate term: soft fork

Bitcoin Cash is a hard fork of Bitcoin.

Some are pushing for a “hard fork” of Ethereum, which would undo the damage by effectively asking 51% of the currency’s users to agree to pretend that it had never happened in the first place.

2017 November 8, Alex Hern, “'$300m in cryptocurrency' accidentally lost forever due to bug”, in The Guardian:

As it pertains to blockchain technology, a hard fork is an upgrade to mining software that makes a change to the network that requires the participation of all miners.

(cryptocurrencies) A rule change of a blockchain such that the software validating according to the old rules will see the blocks produced according to the new rules as invalid; the new blockchain resulting from such a split.


cold wallet

(cryptocurrencies) Synonym of cold storage


Puertopia

[…] to "crypto-currency" traders building their own version of a libertarian, tax-free "Puertopia" built on Bitcoin.

2018, Mimi Sheller, Mobility Justice: The Politics of Movement in an Age of Extremes, unnumbered page:

Their arrival came as residents of the island struggled from the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Maria, but the young millionaires—some of them were billionaires—had another priority: creating "Puertopia."

2020, Jeff John Roberts, Kings of Crypto: One Startup's Quest to Take Cryptocurrency Out of Silicon Valley and Onto Wall Street, unnumbered page:

Puerto Rico has become a hotbed for this virtual currency as ultra rich advocates, such as Brock Pierce, flocked to their Caribbean “Puertopia” to evade taxes and to maximize their blockchain profits.

2021, Catalina M. de Onís, Energy Islands: Metaphors of Power, Extractivism, and Justice in Puerto Rico, page 210:

(cryptocurrencies slang) Puerto Rico as a cryptocurrency tax haven.


memecoin

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-memecoin.wav

But memecoins are simply online jokes converted into digital money, worth only what people are willing to pay for them. The most famous memecoin is Dogecoin, a cryptocurrency linked to a meme of a talking Shiba Inu puppy.

2024 July 27, David Yaffe-Bellany, “A Digital Coin Based on Baby Trump? Yup.”, in The New York Times:

Memecoins are seen as a gauge of retail interest and risk appetite in crypto. When memecoin activity ramps up, it usually indicates that retail investors are participating and have an appetite to speculate further out on the risk curve.

2024 November 12, Tanaya Macheel, “Dogecoin spikes after Trump announces a Department of Government Efficiency — DOGE”, in CNBC:

(cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency or token that is based on a meme or has a comedic trait.


on-chain

The on-chain methodology suggests that all customer data is taken care of inside each block on the blockchain.

2021, D. Sumathi et al., editors, Convergence of Blockchain Technology and E-Business, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 241:

(cryptocurrencies) Occurring, validated, and recorded on a blockchain.


off-chain

The off-chain arrangements use miners who give their hard disk to store other clients' records for a prize, and the blockchain is utilized to encourage the capacity market among miners and clients.

(cryptocurrencies) Occurring outside of a blockchain.


tokenomics

It is for this reason that the rules of the economy—the “tokenomics”—are so important. Tokenomics is an uncharted discipline, and there are very few best practices. If your kids are going into college, tell them to dual-major in economics and computer science.

2019, John Hargrave, Blockchain for Everyone, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 270:

The biggest investors and industry players are also lobbying in Washington to influence rules that would favor their futuristic view of tokenomics, which can already be seen in some burgeoning communities where web3 is not some abstract concept but a feature of daily life.

2021 December 5, Ephrat Livni, “Welcome to ‘Web3.’ What’s That?”, in New York Times:

(cryptocurrencies) The rules or science of the token economy.


digital scarcity

Until 2009 digital scarcity did not exist in any meaningful way. If I had a file on my computer – a picture of a cat, say – I could copy that file for as many people as I wanted at a price too low to calculate.

2018, Simon Dingle, In Math We Trust: Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency and the Journey To Being Your Own Bank, Jonathan Ball Publishers, →ISBN:

With this technological design, Nakamoto was able to invent digital scarcity. Bitcoin is the first example of a digital good that is scarce and cannot be reproduced infinitely.

2018, Saifedean Ammous, The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 177:

The CryptoKitties team addressed the concept of digital scarcity for singular items by way of their digital collectibles. No two CryptoKitties are alike—each one is unique.

2021, Tiana Laurence, Seoyoung Kim, NFTs For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 22:

(cryptocurrencies) A limitation, imposed through software, of digital information; in particular, the limitation on the total supply of a cryptocurrency or other crypto-based tokens.


cryptosphere

The core-team Apes describe the graffiti-covered bathroom of the club itself — which looks like a sticky Tiki bar — in a way that echoes that project’s broader mission: “Think of it as a collaborative art experiment for the cryptosphere.”

2021 November 1, Samantha Hissong, “How Four NFT Novices Created a Billion-Dollar Ecosystem of Cartoon Apes”, in Rolling Stone:

The following became obvious quite quickly – the cryptosphere needed a nonvolatile peg.

2022, Simon Dingle, Steven Boykey Sidley, chapter 7, in Beyond Bitcoin, Icon Books, →ISBN:

(informal, cryptocurrencies, collective) The cryptocurrency community.


TVL

(cryptocurrencies, finance) Initialism of total value locked (“sum of all assets deposited in a protocol”).


proof of burn

Proof of burn is used to destroy (burn) coins. To burn bitcoins means to send those bitcoins to a verifiable yet nonspendable address.

2015, David Lee Kuo Chuen, Handbook of Digital Currency: Bitcoin, Innovation, Financial Instruments, and Big Data, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 47:

The third approach to ensure the integrity of a blockchain is proof of burn, first used by Counterparty. The Counterparty tokens, XCP, were distributed proportionally to everyone who destroyed bitcoins by sending them to an unrecoverable address during the proof-of-burn period in January 2014, see counterparty.io.

2017, David Lee Kuo Chuen, Robert H. Deng, editors, Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, volume 1, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 151:

(cryptocurrencies) A process for verification on a blockchain that requires the destruction (“burning”) of tokens.


digital gold

Moores says part of the currency’s power is in its use as a speculative instrument for trading – a digital gold – but also as a way for companies to make payments more cheaply and perform other functions.

2017 May 15, Simon Usborne, quoting Simon Moore, “Digital gold: why hackers love Bitcoin”, in The Guardian:

If bitcoin was digital gold, Ethereum was digital silver.

2020, Jeff John Roberts, Kings of Crypto, Harvard Business Press, →ISBN:

(finance, cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency seen as a safe store of value.


coinbase

The transaction that created new Bitcoins would be referred to as the coinbase of each block.

2015, Nathaniel Popper, “Technical Appendix”, in Digital Gold, 1st edition, New York: Harper, →ISBN, →OCLC:

The authors randomly sampled 100 coinbases from the last 20,000 blocks of the blockchain that by the time of the experiment had the highest block-height at 247,054.

2016, Ghassan O. Karame, Elli Androulaki, Bitcoin and Blockchain Security, Artech House, →ISBN, page 92:

Coinbase transactions have nothing to do with the US company of the same name. Coinbase is the required first transaction of every block and is the only transaction allowed to bring bitcoins into existence.

2019, Jimmy Song, Programming Bitcoin: Learn How to Program Bitcoin from Scratch, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 164:

(cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin) The transaction that is automatically created in every Bitcoin block to reward the miner.


UTXO

Since our application maintains a single private key per wallet, all the UTXOs of the user will be referenced to a single public address, […]

2019, Koshik Raj, Foundations of Blockchain: The pathway to cryptocurrencies and decentralized blockchain applications, Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 138:

unspent transaction output
w:unspent transaction output

(cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin) Abbreviation of unspent transaction output.


gas fee

(cryptocurrencies) A fee levied on users of the Ethereum network to compensate for the computing energy required to process and validate transactions.


liquidity pool

(finance) A collection of financial assets consisting of cash and other assets that can be readily converted to cash at close to face value.

(cryptocurrencies) cryptocurrency assets that are kept to facilitate the trading of trading pairs on decentralized exchanges


hodler

Although they were meant to reach the Moon no matter what, cryptocurrencies are also coming a cropper. Even some hardened “hodlers” have been getting cold feet.

2022 May 14, “Tech bubbles are bursting all over the place”, in The Economist, →ISSN:

(cryptocurrencies) A hoarder of cryptocurrency.


Faketoshi

(cryptocurrencies slang) Someone who falsely claims to be Satoshi Nakamoto, the pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin.


hot wallet

cryptocurrency wallet
cryptocurrency wallet

(cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency wallet which has its private key stored on the network so that it can be used for frequent transactions.


POAP

POAPs have emerged as a new way of keeping an immutable record of your life experiences, including virtual and in-person events.

2022 February 22, Mason Marcobello, “POAPs: What Is a Proof of Attendance Protocol?”, in Coindesk:

(cryptocurrencies) Acronym of proof of attendance protocol.


petahash

(computing, cryptocurrencies) 10¹⁵ hashes.


PoS

(cryptocurrencies) Initialism of proof of stake.


cryptowealthy

en-adj

cryptowealthy (comparative more cryptowealthy, superlative most cryptowealthy)

more cryptowealthy (comparative)
most cryptowealthy (superlative)

There’s a common paranoia among the crypto-wealthy that they’ll be targeted and robbed since there’s no bank securing the money, so many are obsessively secretive.

2018 January 13, Nellie Bowles, “Everyone Is Getting Hilariously Rich and You’re Not”, in The New York Times:

While that could lead to cooperative arrangements of mutual assistance, it could also give the cryptowealthy all of the power and none of the limits of a liberal democratic society.

2018, Kevin Werbach, “Connecting the Legal and the Technical”, in The Blockchain and the New Architecture of Trust, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, →ISBN, page 219:

“[…] one of the reasons for that is that there are a lot more people who’ve made their money in crypto and they tend to be younger,” Hyslop said. “They self-identify as crypto-wealthy; some who were bidding in the last slae realized for the first time that they could actually buy meteorites, and they were extremely enthusiastic.”

2022 February 13, James Tarmy, “Meteorite Market: Crypto has helped finance buyers willing to pay thousands”, in The Philadelphia Inquirer, volume 193, number 258, page H3:

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cryptowealthy.

(cryptocurrencies) Having acquired significant wealth in the cryptocurrency market.


light paper

WENN Digital, the company licensing Kodak's name to do an initial coin offering, sent emails to prospective investors Thursday with a link to a "light paper" detailing its plan for KodakCoin.

2018 March 18, Lily Katz, “Kodak's Crypto Coin Might Not Be a Security ... Or It Might Be”, in Bloomberg, New York, N.Y.: Bloomberg L.P., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-17:

There are many ICOs in our data sample that provide only the lightpaper version of their whitepaper. The lengthiest whitepaper in our data sample exhibits almost 300 pages, whereas the shortest one is just a single page lightpaper.

2023 March, Niranjan Sapkota, Klaus Grobys, “Fear sells: On the sentiment deceptions and fundraising success of initial coin offerings”, in Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, volume 83, Amsterdam: Elsevier, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 5:

(chiefly cryptocurrencies) A short white paper; a brief factual report detailing a new product or technology.


testnet

Though realistic experimental setups such as testnets aim to address these challenges to a degree, properly testing and evaluating such systems remains a challenging endeavour.

2023, Martijn de Vos, Georgy Ishmaev, Johan Pouwelse, Stefanie Roos, “A Deployment-First Methodology to Mechanism Design and Refinement in Distributed Systems”, in 2023 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), Atlanta, G.A.: IEEE, →DOI, →ISBN, page 472, column 1:

(cryptocurrencies) A network of servers able to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions, created for the purpose of testing or experimentation.


mainnet

Although 1G ~ 3G Blockchain technologies are all composed of independent mainnets, certain problems remain unresolved. For example, at present, information or data generated by each Blockchain cannot be exchanged with another Blockchain as mentioned earlier, and some immediate problems should be addressed to ensure a safer and more efficient exchange of data between the Blockchain platforms.

2020 October 27, Seong-Kyu Kim, Jun-Ho Huh, “Autochain platform: expert automatic algorithm Blockchain technology for house rental dApp image application model”, in EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing, volume 47, Berlin, Heidelberg: SpringerOpen, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:

(cryptocurrencies) A large and established network of servers able to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions.


block time

en-noun

block time (countable and uncountable, plural block times)

(cryptocurrencies) The average time it takes for the network to generate one extra block in the blockchain.


GFT

GFT (countable and uncountable, plural GFTs)

From Atari's official website and blog, coined in 2022.

A GFT is a surprise, limited edition, gift-wrapped NFTs designed to delight – on any occasion.

2022 January 27, “Atari is celebrating it’s 50th anniversary with giftable NFTs”, in New Musical Express:

Purchasers can either keep their GFT for themselves, or alternatively, and as their title suggests, they can gift the suspense-filled digital asset to a friend.

2022 February 1, “Atari Combine NFTs with Loot Boxes in New ‘GFT’ Collection”, in NFT Plaza:

(cryptocurrencies, technology, neologism) Initialism of gift-fungible token.


multisig

Clipping of multisignature. By surface analysis, multi- + sig (“signature”).

surf

cryptocurrency wallet
cryptocurrency wallet#Noun

(cryptocurrencies) Of a cryptocurrency wallet: requiring two or more signatures from different private keys in order to complete a transaction.


multisig

Schroé describes Spiderchains as a decentralized network of multisigs, similar in concept to the Lightning Network but using a different architecture.

2024 June 7, “Proof-Of-Stake On Bitcoin? Discussing Botanix's Spiderchains”, in Bitcoin Magazine, archived from the original on 2024-06-08:

(cryptocurrencies) A multisig cryptocurrency wallet.


cross-chain

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cross-chain.wav

cross-chain consensus

(cryptocurrencies) Occurring one more than one blockchain.