argument

argument (countable and uncountable, plural arguments)

From Middle English argument, from Anglo-Norman and Old French arguement, from Latin argūmentum (“argument (for a position); evidence, proof; point, theme; thesis, topic; plot (in theatre)”), from arguere (“to argue, assert, declare; to make clear, prove, show; to accuse, charge with, reprove; to blame, censure; to denounce as false”) + -mentum (suffix indicating the instrument, medium, or result of something). Arguere is either ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (“silver, white; glittering”), or from Hittite [script needed] (arkuwā(i)-, “to make a plea, state one’s case”). The English word is analysable as argue + -ment. Doublet of argumentum.
Displaced native Old English racu and ġeflit.

der

/ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/

/ˈɑɹɡjʊmənt/

argument

fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason

وَسِيط

variable that is being passed to a function

Parameters are like labelled fillable blanks used to define a function whereas arguments are passed to a function when calling it, filling in those blanks.

A value, or a reference to a value, passed to a function.

A parameter at a function call; an actual parameter, as opposed to a formal parameter.


advice

en-noun

advice (countable and uncountable, plural advices)

From Middle English avys, from Old French avis, from the phrase ce m'est a vis ("in my view"), where vis is from Latin visus, past participle of videre (“to see”). See vision, and compare avise, advise. The unhistoric -d- was introduced in English 15c. Doublet of aviso.
Displaced native Old English rǣd.

(countable, programming) In aspect-oriented programming, the code whose execution is triggered when a join point is reached.


boom

en-verb

boom (third-person singular simple present booms, present participle booming, simple past and past participle boomed)

booms (present singular third-person)
booming (participle present)
boomed (participle past)
boomed (past)

Onomatopoeic, perhaps borrowed; compare German bummen, Dutch bommen (“to hum, buzz”). The sense "a period of economic growth" is generally taken to derive from the sense "a rapid expansion", although other origins have also been suggested.

It can get fast enough that it's hard to see what flashed on your screen though, so it would be nice if chess engines had a feature of persistently showing you what move they planned to play before they boomed, even if it took less than a second for them to figure it out.

2021 January 23, Bram Cohen, “You're doing computer chess game commentary wrong”, in Medium, archived from the original on 2022-12-06:

In its White game Stockfish had various moments of booming during these long thinks, but these long thinks always ended disappointingly in a slightly lower evaluation than it started with.

2022 April 22, Matthew Sadler, “TCEC Season 22 SuperFinal: Komodo Dragon vs Stockfish”, in TCEC, archived from the original on 2022-12-13:

(computer chess, slang) To rapidly adjust the evaluation of a position away from zero, indicating a likely win or loss.


boom

→ German: Boom

Indonesian: bum

→ Japanese: ブーム (būmu)

→ Polish: boom

→ Russian: бум (bum)

Some chess commentators know to excitedly point out when booms happen but they almost universally are missing out on the next step of explaining what the boom meant.

The evaluation boom and moob continued as Stockfish headed for a queen-rook-knight vs queen-rook-knight position that looked pretty nasty to me!

(computer chess, slang) An instance of booming.


parent

From Middle English parent, borrowed from Anglo-Norman parent, Middle French parent, from Latin parentem, accusative of parēns (“parent”), present participle of pariō (“I breed, bring forth”).

ծնող

person who acts as a parent in rearing a child — see also guardian

(computing) The object from which a child or derived object is descended; a node superior to another node.

ouder

computing: object from which a child or derived object is descended


parent

parent (third-person singular simple present parents, present participle parenting, simple past and past participle parented)

parents (present singular third-person)
parenting (participle present)
parented (participle past)
parented (past)

(programming) To provide a parent object for one or more other objects, which become the children.


father

Ireland, Canada, California, Western Pennsylvania, older New York City

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-?
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr?
Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr
Proto-Germanic *fadēr
Proto-West Germanic *fader
Old English fæder
Middle English fader
English father
From Middle English fader, from Old English fæder, from Proto-West Germanic *fader, from Proto-Germanic *fadēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr, possibly from *peh₂- + *-tḗr. Doublet of ayr, faeder, padre, pater, and père.

doublet

it is a wise child that knows his own father

Three generations of file are usually kept, being the grandfather, father and son files.

2004, Ray Bradley, The Ultimate Computing Glossary for Advanced Level, page 31:

The file from which the father was developed with the transaction files of the appropriate day is the grandfather.

2007, O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney, Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008: Auditing and Attestation, page 556:

(computing) The archived older version of a file that immediately precedes the current version, and was itself derived from the grandfather.


sibling

1903, modern revival of Old English sibling (“relative, a relation, kinsman”), equivalent to sib + -ling. Compare Middle English siblynges pl, sib, sibbe (“relative; kinsman”), German Sippe. The term apparently meant merely kin or relative until the 20th century when it was applied in a way that aided the study of genetics, which led to its specialized use. For example, the OED has a 1903 citation in which "sibling" must be defined for those who don't know the intended meaning.

lbor

(computing theory) A node in a data structure that shares its parent with another node.


sister

en-noun

sister (plural sisters or (archaic in most senses) sistren)

sisters (plural)
sistren (archaic plural)

desc

→ Gulf Arabic: سِسْتَر (sistar, “female nurse”)

→ Japanese: シスター (shisutā)

→ Korean: 시스터 (siseuteo)

PIE word
 *swésōr
From Middle English sister, suster, from Old English swustor, sweoster, sweostor (“sister, nun”); from Proto-Germanic *swestēr (“sister”), from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr (“sister”).
Cognate with Scots sister, syster (“sister”), West Frisian sus, suster (“sister”), Dutch zuster (“sister”), German Schwester (“sister”), Norwegian Bokmål søster (“sister”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish syster (“sister”), Icelandic systir (“sister”), Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐍂 (swistar, “sister”), Latin soror (“sister”), Russian сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”), Lithuanian sesuo (“sister”), Albanian vajzë (“girl, maiden”), Sanskrit स्वसृ (svásṛ, “sister”), Persian خواهر (xâhar, “sister”).
In standard English, the form with i is due to contamination with Old Norse systir (“sister”).
The plural sistren is from Middle English sistren, a variant plural of sister, suster (“sister”); compare brethren.

妹妹

mui⁶⁻⁴ mui⁶⁻²


child

en-noun

child (plural children or (dialectal or archaic) childer)

children (plural)
childer (archaic dialectal plural)

adult

antonym(s) of “person below the age of adulthood”

parent

antonym(s) of “data item, process or object in a subordinate role”

From Middle English child, from Old English ċild, from Proto-West Germanic *kilþ, *kelþ, from Proto-Germanic *kelþaz (“womb; fetus”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵelt- (“womb”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to ball up, amass”).
Cognate with Danish kuld (“brood, litter”), Swedish kull (“brood, litter”), Icelandic kelta, kjalta (“lap”), Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹 (kilþei, “womb”), Sanskrit जर्त (jarta), जर्तु (jártu, “vulva”).

der

[ˈt͡ʃaɪ̯.ɫ̩d]

[t͡ʃəɪ̯(ə)ɫd]

offspring and Thesaurus:son and Thesaurus:daughter

call someone everything but a child of God

The child node then stores the actual data of the parent node.

The algorithm pops the stack to obtain a new current node when there are no more children (when it reaches a leaf).

2011, John Mongan, Noah Kindler, Eric Giguère, Programming Interviews Exposed:

en:figuratively, of times or tribes
en:child element in computing

(figurative) A figurative offspring, particularly:

(computing) A data item, process, or object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another.

仔

(computing) object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another object

(mathematics, programming) A subordinate node of a tree.


son

From Middle English sonn, sone, sun, sune, from Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to bear; give birth”).

па

a male person in relation to his parents

After the update, the new file master file is the son. The file from which the father was developed with the transaction files of the appropriate day is the grandfather. The grandfather and son files are stored in different locations.

2007, O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney, Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008: Auditing and Attestation, page 779:

(computing) The current version of a file, derived from the preceding father file.


grandfather

The noun is derived from Middle English grandfadre, graundfadir, graunfadir, grauntfader, and other forms, from graunt (“big, large; great, important”) + fā̆der (“male parent, father; remoter male ancestor”), probably modelled after Middle French grandpere, grant pere (“male parent; remoter male ancestor”) (whence French grand-père); the English word is analysable as grand- + father. Superseded earlier eldfather, elderfather. The verb is derived from the noun.

/ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/

/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/

[ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ]

you kiss your grandfather with that mouth

File C is the grandfather because it was used to create file B.

1983, Computerworld, volume 17, number 50, page 22:

(computing) The archived older version of a file that immediately preceded the father file.

Grotvader & Großvader

Schleswig-Holsteinisch; the latter influenced by High German


car

Acronym of contents of the address part of register number. Note that it was based on original hardware and has no meaning today.

acronym

Holonym: cons

The elements of a list are the successive cars along the "cdr chain." That is, the elements are the car, the car of the cdr, the car of the cdr of the cdr, etc.

2000, Matt Kaufmann, Panagiotis Manolios, J Strother Moore, Computer-aided reasoning: an approach:

(programming) The first part of a cons in Lisp. The first element of a list.


cold

en-adj

cold (comparative colder, superlative coldest)

colder (comparative)
coldest (superlative)

Sranan Tongo: kowru
Aukan: koo

From Middle English cold, from Anglian Old English cald. The West Saxon form, ċeald (“cold”), survived as early Middle English cheald, cheld, or chald. Both descended from Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, a participle form of *kalaną (“to be cold”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots cald, cauld (“cold”), Saterland Frisian koold (“cold”), West Frisian kâld (“cold”), Dutch koud (“cold”), Low German kold, koolt, koold (“cold”), German kalt (“cold”), Danish kold (“cold”), Norwegian kald (“cold”), Swedish kall (“cold”).

faire froid (idiom in French; there is no translation for the adjective alone)

κάνει κρύο (kánei krýo) (idiom in Greek; there is no translation for the adjective alone)

хо́лодно (xólodno) (+ dative, “to be cold”)

cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey

cold as a witch's tit

cold as a witch's teat, cold as a witch's tit in a brass bra

make someone's blood run cold

make the blood run cold, one's blood runs cold

(databases) Rarely used or accessed, and thus able to be relegated to slower storage.


warm

en-verb

warm (third-person singular simple present warms, present participle warming, simple past and past participle warmed)

warms (present singular third-person)
warming (participle present)
warmed (participle past)
warmed (past)

(computing, transitive) To prepopulate (a cache) so that its contents are ready for other users.


expression

en-noun

expression (countable and uncountable, plural expressions)

Borrowed from Middle French expression, from Late Latin expressiō, expressiōnem (“a pressing out”).
Morphologically express + -ion.

der

(programming) A piece of code in a high-level language that returns a value.

uitdrukking

(computing) a piece of code in a high-level language that returns a value


rainbow

From Middle English reynbowe, raynbowe, from Old English reġnboga (“rainbow”), from Proto-West Germanic *regnabogō, from Proto-Germanic *regnabugô (“rainbow”), equivalent to rain + bow (“arch”). Cognate with West Frisian reinbôge (“rainbow”), Dutch regenboog (“rainbow”), German Regenbogen (“rainbow”), Danish regnbue (“rainbow”), Swedish regnbåge (“rainbow”), Icelandic regnbogi (“rainbow”).

rainbow attack

(mathematics, cryptography) Of or pertaining to rainbow tables.


finger

Sranan Tongo: finga

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fynger, finger, from Old English finger (“finger”), from Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz (“finger”), from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós, from *pénkʷe (“five”). Compare West Frisian finger, Low German/German Finger, Dutch vinger, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish finger; also Old Armenian հինգեր-որդ (hinger-ord, “fifth”). More at five.

sormi

something similar in function to a finger

Something similarly extending, (especially) from a larger body, particularly:

(computing theory) A leaf in a finger tree data structure.


thumb

From Middle English thombe, thoume, thoumbe, from Old English þūma, from Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô from Proto-Indo-European *tūm- (“to grow”).
See also West Frisian tomme, Dutch duim, Low German Duum, German Daumen, Danish tomme, Swedish tumme; also
Welsh tyfu (“to grow”), Latin tumēre (“to swell”), Lithuanian tumėti (“to thicken, clot”), Ancient Greek τύμβος (túmbos, “burial mound”), Avestan 𐬀𐬨𐬏𐬙 (amūt, “strong”), Sanskrit तुम्र (túmra, “strong, thick”). The parasitic ‐b has existed since the late 13th century.

EtymOnLine

Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “thumb”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

a scroll-bar thumb

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(graphical user interface) The part of a slider that may be moved linearly along the slider.


hack

en-verb

hack (third-person singular simple present hacks, present participle hacking, simple past and past participle hacked)

hacks (present singular third-person)
hacking (participle present)
hacked (participle past)
hacked (past)

Spanish: jaquear

From Middle English hacken, hakken, from Old English *haccian (“to hack”), from Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hoe; hew”), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- (“to be sharp; peg; hook; handle”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian häkje (“to hack”), West Frisian hakje (“to hack”), Dutch hakken (“to chop up; hack”), German hacken (“to chop; hack; hoe”), Danish hakke (“to chop”), Swedish hacka (“to hack; chop”), French hacher (“to chop”).
The computer senses date back to at least 1955 when it initially referred to creative problem solving. By 1963, the negative connotations of “black hat” or malicious hacking had become associated with telephone hacking (cf. phreaking).

اِخْتَرَقَ

to gain illegal access to a computer network

I hacked in a fix for this bug, but we'll still have to do a real fix later.

(computing) To make a quick code change to patch a computer program, often one that, while being effective, is inelegant or makes the program harder to maintain.

pätsätä

to make a quick code change to patch a computer program

He can hack like no one else and make the program work as expected.

The police said that officers belonging to the Cyber Security and Technology Crime unit searched an office in the Wong Chuk Hang neighborhood on Friday afternoon on the suspicion that computers at the institute had been hacked, leading to a leak of personal information.

2020 July 10, Tiffany May, Austin Ramzy, “Hong Kong Police Raid Pollster on Eve of Pro-Democracy Camp Primary”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-07-10:

(computing) To accomplish a difficult programming task.

sbrogliare

to accomplish a difficult programming task

I'm currently hacking distributed garbage collection.

(computing, slang, transitive) To work with something on an intimately technical level.

työskennellä jonkin parissa

to work with on an intimately technical level

(transitive, slang, computing) To hack into; to gain unauthorized access to (a computer system, e.g., a website, or network) by manipulating code.

When I logged into the social network, I discovered I'd been hacked.

(transitive, slang, computing, by extension) To gain unauthorised access to a computer or online account belonging to (a person or organisation).

اِخْتَرَقَ

to gain unauthorised access to a computer or online account


hack

en-noun

hack (countable and uncountable, plural hacks)

Valleysoft released a hack yesterday to fix the "crashes when more than 50 recipients" bug for people who need it right away. The company says its next release will also solve this as well as add new features.

(computing, slang) An expedient, temporary solution, such as a small patch or change to code, meant to be replaced with a more elegant solution at a later date; a workaround.

purkkaratkaisu

computing: expedient, temporary solution

Tsang is great but Zhou is such a hack — I wouldn't want him on my project.

(computing, slang, dated) A computer programmer who makes quick but inelegant changes to computer code to solve problems or add features.

Terry wrote that module? I didn't know she was a hack too!

(computing, slang, dated) A computer programmer, particularly a veteran or someone not immediately expected to be capable of programming.

Flugensoft came out with a neat hack last week that allows your watch to warm up your car if it's below freezing outside.

computer programming
computer programming

(computing, slang) An interesting technical achievement, particularly in computer programming.

מעקף

interesting technical achievement in programming

(computing, slang) The illegal accessing of a computer network.

[…] found out a discarded sex mini-game in the code, and made it available again in the modified PC version of the game that they nicknamed “Hot Coffee.” This hack of the game created a controversy, since the inclusion of sexual content would change its age rating, […]

2014, Clara Fernández-Vara, Introduction to Game Analysis, page 165:

(computing, slang) A video game or any computer software that has been altered from its original state.

hakkeroitu softa

video game or computer software that has been altered from its original state


mine

From Middle English, from Old French mine, from Late Latin mina, from Gaulish (compare to Welsh mwyn, Irish mianach (“ore”)), from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”).

A change to the blockchain method was contemplated to allow mines to hog less electric power.

(computing) A machine or network of machines used to extract units of a cryptocurrency.

louhintakone

computing: machine or network used to extract units of cryptocurrency


jump

en-verb

jump (third-person singular simple present jumps, present participle jumping, simple past and past participle jumped)

jumps (present singular third-person)
jumping (participle present)
jumped (participle past)
jumped (past)
jump (infinitive)

From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, jump”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Others have connected it to Ancient Greek ἀθεμβούσα (athemboúsa, “uninhibited”), which is unlikely. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely.
Cognates
Cognate with Middle Dutch gumpen (“to jump”), Low German jumpen (“to jump”), Middle High German gumpen, gampen (“to jump, hop”) (dialectal German gampen, Alemannic German gumpe, Walser dialect kumpu), Old Norse goppa (“to jump”) Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

jump down

cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall

the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

When this section is completed, the code generally jumps back to the Exit Section, and the procedure is closed.

2008, Garry Robinson, Real World Microsoft Access Database Protection and Security:

(intransitive, programming) To start executing code from a different location, rather than following the program counter.


jump

Brill Publishers
hydraulic jump
jump cut
jump discontinuity
jump instruction

onomatopoeic

imitative

قَفْزَة

instance of propelling oneself into the air — see also leap

(programming) A change of the path of execution to a different location.


hole

→ Japanese: ホール (hōru)

→ Korean: 홀 (hol)

Sranan Tongo: olo

Inherited from Middle English hole, hol, from Old English hol (“orifice, hollow place, cavity”), from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą (“hollow space, cavity”), noun derivative of Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”), which is of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to hollow.

отвор

orifice (see anus etc. for specific body cavities)

know one's ass from a hole in the ground

know one's head from a hole in the ground

know the difference between one's ass and a hole in the ground

(computing) A security vulnerability in software which can be taken advantage of by an exploit.


remote

From Middle English remote, from Old French remot, masculine, remote, feminine, from Latin remotus, past participle of removere (“to remove”), from re- + movere (“to move”).

(computing) A source control repository hosted on a remote machine, rather than locally.


remote

en-verb

remote (third-person singular simple present remotes, present participle remoting, simple past and past participle remoted)

remotes (present singular third-person)
remoting (participle present)
remoted (participle past)
remoted (past)

(computing) To connect to a computer from a remote location.


complete

en-adj

complete (comparative more complete or completer, superlative most complete or completest)

more complete (comparative)
completer (comparative)
most complete (superlative)
completest (superlative)

From Middle English compleet (“full, complete”), borrowed from Old French complet or Latin completus, past participle of compleō (“I fill up, I complete”) (whence also complement, compliment), from com- + pleō (“I fill, I fulfill”) (whence also deplete, replete, plenty), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”) (English full).

zupełny

of a proof system: such that any semantically valid formula is also provable

complete androgen insensitivity syndrome

QMA arises naturally in the study of quantum computation, and it also has a complete problem, Local Hamiltonian, which is a generalization of k-SAT.

2007, Yi-Kai Liu, The Complexity of the Consistency and N-representability Problems for Quantum States, page 17:

BPP behaves differently in some ways from other classes we have seen. For example, we know of no complete languages for BPP.

2009, Sanjeev Arora, Boaz Barak, Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach, page 137:

(computing theory, of a problem) That is in a given complexity class and is such that every other problem in the class can be reduced to it (usually in polynomial time or logarithmic space).


gossip

en-noun

gossip (countable and uncountable, plural gossips)

Chinese:

Wu: 茄山河

From Middle English godsybbe, godsib (“a close friend or relation, a confidant; a godparent”), from Old English godsibb (“godparent, sponsor”), equivalent to god + sib. Doublet of godsib. For sense evolution to "gossip, discussing others' personal affairs," compare French commérage.

inh

(computing) Communication done using a gossip protocol.


gossip

en-verb

gossip (third-person singular simple present gossips, present participle gossiping or gossipping, simple past and past participle gossiped or gossipped)

gossips (present singular third-person)
gossiping (participle present)
gossipping (participle present)
gossiped (participle past)
gossiped (past)
gossipped (participle past)
gossipped (past)

(intransitive, computing) To communicate using a gossip protocol.


turtle

Modification of Middle English tortou, tortu, from Old French tortüe (under the influence of Middle English turtel, turtur (“turtledove”), see Etymology 2 below), from Medieval Latin tortuca (compare Spanish tortuga), the same source of tortoise (see there for more). Displaced native Old English byrdling.

(computing) A type of robot having a domed case (and so resembling the reptile), used in education, especially for making line drawings by means of a computer program.

Depending on which version of Logo you have, the turtle may look like an actual animal with a head and four legs or — as in Berkeley Logo — it may be represented as a triangle.

1997, Brian Harvey, Computer Science Logo Style: Symbolic computing:

(computing) An on-screen cursor that serves the same function as a turtle for drawing.

(computing theory) A small element towards the end of a list of items to be bubble sorted, and thus tending to take a long time to be swapped into its correct position. Compare rabbit.


suffix

Borrowed from Latin suffīxus (“suffix”), from sub- (“under”) + fīxus (perfect passive participle of fīgere (“to fasten, fix”)), equivalent to sub- + -fix.

af

perfect passive participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">fīgere</i> (“to fasten, fix”)

The string "abra" is both a prefix and a suffix of the string "abracadabra".

(computing) A final segment of a string of characters.


chain

en-verb

chain (third-person singular simple present chains, present participle chaining, simple past and past participle chained)

chains (present singular third-person)
chaining (participle present)
chained (participle past)
chained (past)

From Middle English cheyne, chaine, from Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”), from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to braid, twist; hut, shed”). Doublet of catena.

der

(computing) To relate data items with a chain of pointers.

ketjuttaa

computing: to relate data items with a chain of pointers

You don’t need to maintain state, or partition execution into different objects that then you can chain together (one executes the other on completion — chained continuations).

2016 January 15, Mark Papadakis, “Coroutines and Fibers. Why and When”, in Medium:

(computing) To be chained to another data item.

How do you get one program to chain another? I want to run DrawWorks2 then !Draw but as soon as you run Drawworks2 it finishes the batch file and doesn't go on to the next instruction! Is there a way without loading one of these automatic loaders?

1996, Mr D Walsh, “Running two programs from a batch file”, in comp.sys.acorn.misc (Usenet):

You can do LOAD "" or CHAIN "" to load or chain the next program if I remember correctly (it's been a loooong time since I've used a tape on an Acorn!)

1998, Juan Flynn, “BBC software transmitted on TV - how to load?”, in comp.sys.acorn.misc (Usenet):

Recent versions of AntiSpam no longer use the Config file but have a Settings file instead, so when I updated the Config file to chain SpamStamp it had no effect as it was a redundant file.

2006, Richard Porter, “SpamStamp double headers”, in comp.sys.acorn.apps (Usenet):

(transitive, computing, rare, associated with Acorn Computers) To load and automatically run (a program).


gun

Sranan Tongo: gon

From Middle English gunne, gonne, possibly from Gunnhild, a female given name formerly used as a nickname for engines of war. The name is composed of the Norse elements gunnr and hildr, both meaning "battle".

is that a gun in your pocket or are you just pleased to see me

you get more with a kind word and a gun than you do with a kind word alone

The glider gun on the bottom of the NOT circuit emits a continuous stream of gliders, while the data stream source emits a glider only when there is a value of 1 in the stream[…].

2000, Gary William Flake, The computational beauty of nature:

It would be especially interesting if someone can find an "airplane gun", which generates airplanes at regular intervals.

2007 February 23, Frank, “Life on the Edge”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Greene's period-416 2c/5 spaceship gun

2010, Andrew Adamatzky, Game of Life Cellular Automata, page 74:

(cellular automata) A pattern that "fires" out other patterns.


hibernate

en-verb

hibernate (third-person singular simple present hibernates, present participle hibernating, simple past and past participle hibernated)

hibernates (present singular third-person)
hibernating (participle present)
hibernated (participle past)
hibernated (past)

[ˈhɑɪbəˌnɛɪt]

From Latin hībernātus, from hībernāre, from hībernus (“winter”).

Your computer hibernates after it has been idle for the specified amount of time.

2001, Microsoft Corp, Use Hibernate and Standby to Conserve Batteries:

(intransitive, computing) To enter a standby state which conserves power without losing the contents of memory.


computer graphics

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-computer graphics.wav

(computing) The representation and manipulation of pictorial data by a computer.

компю́търна гра́фика

representation and manipulation of pictures by computer

(computing) The various technologies used to create and manipulate such pictorial data.

(computing) A sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content.


computer language

en-noun

computer language (plural computer languages)

programming language
programming language

(programming) A language that is used internally by computers, including programming languages, machine languages, query languages, markup languages etc.


omelette

omelette (countable and uncountable, plural omelettes)

From French omelette, from alemette, from alemelle (“knife blade”), probably derived from la lemelle, from Latin lamella (“thin plate”).

you can't make an omelette without breaking eggs

you've got to crack a few eggs to make an omelette

This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.

2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium:

(computing) A form of shellcode that searches the address space for multiple small blocks of data ("eggs") and recombines them into a larger block to be executed.


epilogue

prologue

antonym(s) of “short speech at the end of a play”

prologue

brief script at the end of a literary piece

From French épilogue, from Latin epilogus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίλογος (epílogos, “a conclusion, peroration of a speech, epilogue of a play”), from ἐπιλέγω (epilégō, “to say in addition”). Eclipsed Middle English lenvoie (“epilogue”) borrowed ultimately from Old French.

uder

(computing) A component of a computer program that prepares the computer to return from a routine.


rice

en-noun

rice (countable and uncountable, plural rices)

→ Bislama: raes

→ Tok Pisin: rais

From Middle English rys, from Old French ris, from Old Italian riso, risi, from Byzantine Greek ὄρυζα (óruza), from an Eastern Iranian language related to Middle Persian blnc (*brinǰ), Northern Kurdish riz (beyond Euphrates) and Zazaki riz. Theorized to come to Iranian languages from Sanskrit व्रीहि (vrīhi).
Prior to Sanskrit, it is speculated to be possibly a borrowing from a Dravidian language (compare Proto-Dravidian *wariñci (“rice”)), or from Austroasiatic languages further east.
Alternatively Byzantine Greek ὄρυζα (óruza) is said to be from Hebrew אורז (órez), from South Arabian areez ultimately from Old Tamil 𑀅𑀭𑀺𑀘𑀺 (arici).
Doublet of arroz.

This is my first rice!

(computing) An instance of customization of a user interface.


rice

en-verb

rice (third-person singular simple present rices, present participle ricing, simple past and past participle riced)

rices (present singular third-person)
ricing (participle present)
riced (participle past)
riced (past)

(computing, transitive) To customize the user interface of a computer system, e.g. a desktop environment. (derived from rice out)


egg

en-noun

egg (countable and uncountable, plural eggs)

→⇒ German: not the yellow from the egg

Jamaican Creole: eg

Sranan Tongo: eksi

The noun is derived from Middle English eg, egg, egge (“egg of a domestic or wild fowl; egg of a snake”) [and other forms] (originally Northern England and Northeast Midlands), from Old Norse egg (“egg”), from Proto-Germanic *ajją (“egg”) (by Holtzmann’s law), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), probably from *h₂éwis (“bird”), from *h₂ew- (“to clothe oneself, dress; to be dressed”) (in the sense of an animal clothed in feathers). Doublet of huevo, oeuf, and ovum.
The native English ey [and other forms] (plural eyren) (obsolete), from Old English ǣġ, is also derived from Proto-Germanic *ajją. It survived into at least c. 16th century before being fully displaced by egg.
The verb is derived from the noun.

wôwan

approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, housing the embryo within a membrane or shell during its development

ou

thing which looks like or is shaped like an egg

egg

person regarded as having not yet realized they are transgender, or who has not yet come out as transgender or is in the early stages of transitioning; one’s lack of awareness that one is transgender

kill the goose that lays the golden eggs

there's more than one way to cook an egg

there's more than one way to crack an egg

2015, Charles Smutz, Angelos Stavrou, “Preventing Exploits in Microsoft Office Documents through Content Randomization”, in Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, editors, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium, RAID 2015, Kyoto, Japan, November 2–4, 2015: Proceedings (LNCS; 9404; Sublibrary SL4 (Security and Cryptology)), Cham, Switzerland, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemburg: Springer International Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 241:

(computing) One of the blocks of data injected into a program's address space for use by certain forms of shellcode, such as "omelettes".


semaphore

en-noun

semaphore (countable and uncountable, plural semaphores)

/ˈsɛm.əˌfɔː/

The noun is borrowed from French sémaphore, from Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma, “mark, sign, token”) + French -phore (from Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros, suffix indicating a bearer or carrier)). By surface analysis, sema- + -phore.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

The thread increments the semaphore to prevent other threads from entering the critical section at the same time.

Several synchronization techniques have been proposed and many of them have been adopted by parallel and distributed operating systems or parallel programming platforms. [...] Semaphores represent another synchronization technique that is mainly used by traditional stand-alone operating systems.

1996, P. Theodoropoulos, G. Manis, P. Tsanakas, G. Papakonstantinou, “Extending Synchronization PVM Mechanisms”, in Arndt Bode, Jack Dongarra, Thomas Ludwig, Vaidy Sunderam, editors, Parallel Virtual Machine – EuroPVM ’96: Third European PVM Conference, Munich, Germany, October 7–9, 1996: Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; 1156), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 315:

A semaphore makes sure that the different processes don't step on each other's toes when they access the shared memory segment. Before a process can use the segment, it needs to get control of the semaphore. When it's done with the segment, it releases the semaphore for another process to grab.

2003, David Sklar, Adam Trachtenberg, “Variables”, in Paula Ferguson, editor, PHP Cookbook, Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly & Associates, →ISBN, section 5.6 (Sharing Variables across Processes), page 124:

It is up to the programmer to ensure that if one thread updates multiple dependent memory locations (for example, writing a string, or updating a table) that another thread might read, some protection is put in place to ensure that the two threads don't update and read at the same time. [...] Several techniques are used by programmers to prevent this, including locks, semaphores, and mutexes.

2012, Timothy Mangan, “L1/L2/L3 Memory Cache”, in Windows System Performance through Caching: 15 Ways Caching Improves System Performance (Inside the OS Series), Canton, Mass.: TMurgent Technologies, →ISBN, page 22:

(programming) A bit, token, fragment of code, or some other mechanism which is used to restrict access to a shared function or device to a single process at a time, or to synchronize and coordinate events in different processes.

semafor

mechanism used to restrict access to a shared function or device to a single process at a time


luck

en-noun

luck (usually uncountable, plural lucks)

→ Welsh: lwc

From Middle English luk, lukke, related to Old Frisian luk (“luck”), West Frisian gelok (“luck”), Saterland Frisian Gluk (“luck”), Dutch geluk (“luck, happiness”), Low German luk (“luck”), German Glück (“luck, good fortune, happiness”), Danish lykke (“luck”), Swedish lycka (“luck”), Icelandic lukka (“luck”). According to the OED, it may be related to lock.
A loanword into English in the 15th century (probably as a gambling term) from Middle Dutch luc, a shortened form of gheluc (“good fortune”), whence Modern Dutch geluk.
Middle Dutch luc, gheluc has parallels with Middle High German lücke, gelücke (Modern German Glück). The word occurs only from the 12th century, apparently first in Rhine Frankish. Perhaps from a Frankish *galukki. The word enters standard Middle High German during the 13th century, and spreads to English and Scandinavian in the Late Middle Ages. Its origin seems to have been regional or dialectal, and there were competing German words such as gevelle or schick, or the Latinate fortūne from Latin fortūna. Its etymology is unknown, although there are numerous proposals as to its derivations from a number of roots.
Use as a verb in American English is late (1940s), but there was a Middle English verb lukken (“to chance, to happen by good fortune”) in the 15th century.

gullmë

something that happens to someone by chance

The creators of tool-assisted speedruns often manipulate luck to get the most favorable results in order to save the most time.

random number generator
random number generator#English

(video games, computing) The results of a random number generator.


bucket

→ Farefare: bɔgtɛ

→ Japanese: バケツ (baketsu)

→ Maori: pākete

From Middle English buket, boket, partly from Old English bucc ("bucket, pitcher"; mod. dialectal buck), equivalent to bouk + -et; and partly from Anglo-Norman buket, buquet (“tub; pail”) (compare Norman boutchet, Norman bouquet), diminutive of Old French buc (“abdomen; object with a cavity”), from Vulgar Latin *būcus (compare Occitan and Catalan buc, Italian buco, buca (“hole, gap”)), from Frankish *būk (“belly, stomach”). Both the Old English and Frankish terms derive from Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly, stomach”). More at bouk.

gloss

"bucket, pitcher"; mod. dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">buck</i>

der

(computing) A storage space in a hash table for every item sharing a particular key.

kori

computing: a storage space in a hash table


bucket

en-verb

bucket (third-person singular simple present buckets, present participle bucketing, simple past and past participle bucketed)

buckets (present singular third-person)
bucketing (participle present)
bucketed (participle past)
bucketed (past)

These candidates are then bucketed into a discretized version of the space of all possible lines.

2002, Nicolò Cesa-Bianchi, Masayuki Numao, Rüdiger Reischuk, Algorithmic Learning Theory: 13th International Conference, page 352:

Thus, sorting each bucket takes O(1) times. The total effort of bucketing, sorting buckets, and concotenating^([sic]) the sorted buckets together is O(n).

2008, Hari Mohan Pandey, Design Analysis and Algorithm, page 136:

(computing, transitive) To categorize (data) by splitting it into buckets, or groups of related items.


DC

en-noun

DC (countable and uncountable, plural DCs)

(computing, Microsoft Windows) Initialism of device context.

I am getting huge lag spikes […] they are bad and long enough where you think it's a DC.

2012 February 6, "u n risr@optonline.net IYM", “Re: Random DC to Login since patch”, in alt.games.warcraft (Usenet):

(computing) Initialism of disconnection.


DC

en-verb

DC (third-person singular simple present DCs, present participle DCing, simple past and past participle DCed or DC'd)

DCs (present singular third-person)
DCing (participle present)
DCed (participle past)
DCed (past)
DC'd (participle past)
DC'd (past)

Since the patch I have been randomly DCing and it's at times completely game-breaking. For example,just now my Paladin was questing in Thou Needles, and I DC'd several times within a few minutes.

2012 February 3, "ToolPackinMama", “Random DC to Login since patch”, in alt.games.warcraft (Usenet):

(computing) To become disconnected from a network.


SQL

Structured Query Language
w:Structured Query Language

(computer languages, databases) Initialism of Structured Query Language.

SQL

pronounced эс-ку-э́ль (es-ku-élʹ) or эс-кью-э́л (es-kʹju-él)


AP

en-noun

AP (countable and uncountable, plural APs)

(countable, computing) Initialism of access point.


ES

Work is underway, though, on the next generation of ES, appropriately named ES.Next (ECMA-262 Edition 6), but commonly referred to as ES 6. / As consensus is reached on new ES features, they’re added to the existing draft specification. They’re also listed in ES compatibility tables, such as the ones Mozilla incorporates in much of its documentation, and the exceedingly helpful ECMAScript 6 Compatibility Table.

2015, Shelley Powers, JavaScript Cookbook: Programming the Web, 2nd edition, Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly Media, Inc., →ISBN, page 41:

Several implementations of ES exist, for example, JavaScript, JScript, and Nashorn JavaScript.

2018, Kishori Sharan, Java APIs, Extensions and Libraries: With JavaFX, JDBC, jmod, jlink, Networking, and the Process API, 2nd edition, Apress, →ISBN, page 652:

If you open the tsconfig.json file in the project root folder, you can check which ES version is used in building your application and which ES version is used to target your browser.

2019, Jack Xu, Practical Multiple-Page Apps with ASP.NET Core and Angular Elements: Building Modern Multiple-Page Web Applications Using ASP.NET Core Razor Pages, Angular Elements, WebPack, RXJS, and Mini-SPAs, New York, N.Y.: UniCAD Publishing, →ISBN, page 31:

(computer languages) Initialism of ECMAScript.


PB

(computing, formal) Abbreviation of petabyte.

(computing, informal) Abbreviation of pebibyte.


PE

(software) Initialism of Portable Edition (usually used for a software version).

Preinstallation Environment
w:Windows Preinstallation Environment

(software) Initialism of Preinstallation Environment.

In ELF executables, there aren't a whole lot of code caves (such as in the PE format), so you are not likely to be able to shove more than just a meager amount of shellcode into existing code slots […]

2016, Ryan "elfmaster" O'Neill, Learning Linux Binary Analysis (page 97)

Portable Executable
portable executable#English

(software) Initialism of Portable Executable (executable file format used by modern versions of Microsoft Windows).


PI

PI (countable and uncountable, plural PIs)

(informatics, SGML, XML) Initialism of processing instruction.


PR

PR (countable and uncountable, plural PRs)

software engineering
software engineering

(software engineering) Initialism of pull request.


RR

RR (countable and uncountable, plural RRs)

information technology
information technology

(information technology) Initialism of resource record.


SE

(computing) Initialism of standard edition.

software engineering
software engineering#English

(computing) Initialism of software engineering.


SP

SP (countable and uncountable, plural SPs)


bed

→ Chichewa: bedi

→ Chuukese: pet

→ Esperanto: bedo

→ Japanese: ベッド (beddo)

African-American Vernacular, some speakers

From Middle English bed, bedde, from Old English bedd, from Proto-West Germanic *badi, from Proto-Germanic *badją (“resting-place, plot of ground”).
Cognates
Cognate with North Frisian baad, beed, Saterland Frisian Bääd, West Frisian bêd, Low German Bedd, Dutch bed, German Bett, Swedish bädd, Icelandic beður, all meaning “bed”.
further possible etymology and cognates
The Proto-Germanic term may in turn be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to dig”) with various theories explaining the development in meaning. If it is, the term is also cognate with Ancient Greek βοθυρος (bothuros, “pit”), Latin fossa (“ditch”), Latvian bedre (“hole”), Welsh bedd (“grave”), Breton bez (“grave”); and probably also Russian бодать (bodatʹ, “to butt, gore”).

bed

flat surface or layer on which something else is to be placed

A place, or flat surface or layer, on which something else rests or is laid.

(computing) The flat surface of a scanner on which a document is placed to be scanned.


MB

MB equals 10⁶ bytes and GB equals 10⁹ bytes

1989, IBM 3390 Direct Access Storage Reference Summary, IBM, page 7:

(computing, formal) Abbreviation of megabyte.

(computing, informal) Abbreviation of mebibyte.


CI

en-noun

CI (countable and uncountable, plural CIs)

Coordinate term: CD

continuous integration
continuous integration#English

(software engineering) Initialism of continuous integration.


CL

CL (countable and uncountable, plural CLs)

computability logic
computability logic#English

(computing, uncountable) Initialism of computability logic.


CM

CM (countable and uncountable, plural CMs)

Sense "commercial" is a borrowing from Japanese CM (CM, “promotional video”), from English commercial + message.

(cryptography) Initialism of cryptographic module.


MC

MC (countable and uncountable, plural MCs or MC's)


ML

(computing) Initialism of Markup Language.

The Curry and Church approaches to typed lambda calculus correspond to two paradigms in programming. In the first of these a program may be written without typing at all. Then a compiler should check whether a type can be assigned to the program. This will be the case if the program is correct. A well-known example of such a language is ML, see Milner (1984). The style of typing is called 'implicit typing'. The other paradigm in programming is called 'explicit typing' and corresponds to the Church version of typed lambda calculi. Here a program should be written together with its type. For these languages type-checking is usually easier, since no types have to be constructed. Examples of such languages are ALGOL 68 and PASCAL. Some authors designate the Curry systems as 'lambda calculi with type assignment and the Church systems as 'systems of typed lambda calculus'.

1991 December 20, Henk P. Barendregt, “Lambda Calculi With Types”, in ftp.cs.ru.nl^([ftp://ftp.cs.ru.nl/pub/CompMath.Found/HBK.ps]), retrieved 2012-07-15:

ML programming language
w:ML (programming language)

(computer languages) Initialism of MetaLanguage (the ML programming language)


ML

ML (countable and uncountable, plural MLs)

machine learning
machine learning#English

(uncountable, computing) Initialism of machine learning.

(countable, computing) Initialism of mailing list.


PU

PU (countable and uncountable, plural PUs)

(computing) Initialism of processing unit.


TB

(computing, formal) Abbreviation of terabyte.

(computing, informal) Abbreviation of tebibyte.


touch

en-verb

touch (third-person singular simple present touches, present participle touching, simple past and past participle touched)

touches (present singular third-person)
touching (participle present)
touched (participle past)
touched (past)
touch (infinitive)

From Middle English touchen, tochen, from Old French tochier (“to touch”) (whence Modern French toucher; compare French doublet toquer (“to offend, bother, harass”)), from Vulgar Latin *tuccō (“to knock, strike, offend”), from Frankish *tukkōn (“to knock, strike, touch”), from Proto-Germanic *tukkōną (“to tug, grab, grasp”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to draw, pull, lead”). Displaced native Middle English rinen, from Old English hrīnan (whence Modern English rine).
Cognates
Cognate with Old High German zochhōn, zuhhōn (“to grasp, take, seize, snatch”) (whence German zucken (“to jerk, flinch”)), German Low German tucken, tocken (“to fidget, twitch, pull up, entice, throb, knock, repeatedly tap”), Middle Dutch tocken, tucken (“to touch, entice”) (whence Dutch tokkelen (“to strum, pluck”)), Old English tucian, tūcian (“to disturb, mistreat”) (whence Modern English tuck). Compare also Old High German tokkōn, tockōn (“to abut, collide”). Outside Germanic, cognate to Albanian cek (“to touch”), Old Church Slavonic тъкнѫти (tŭknǫti). More at tuck, take.

der

not touch something with a ten-foot pole

(transitive, computing) To mark (a file or document) as having been modified.


AR

en-noun

AR (countable and uncountable, plural ARs)

augmented reality
augmented reality#English

(uncountable, computing) Initialism of augmented reality.


CA

Computer Associates
w:Computer Associates

(software, computing) Initialism of Computer Associates, an American software company.


CA

CA (countable and uncountable, plural CAs)

BTW: Of course the rules were parametrised, so any totalistic 2-dimensional 9-neighbourhood CA could be run.

1989 March 21, Mark Kramer, “Fast LIFE (was: Re: summing 9-cell neighborhoods)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

The new CA is a modification of Fredkin's earlier SALT architecture in which every cell is identified as either even or odd - as in sodium and chlorine in a salt crystal hence the name. The state of each cell is either up or down and the development rule simple takes account of states of odd and even neighbours. The up-date at each time step simply takes the form of a swap of the states of diagonally related cells. SALT CAs are reversible and capable of universal computation and are conjectured to be capable of universal construction in the sense of Von Neumann.

2012 July 3, Mike James, “A New Computational Universe - Fredkin's SALT CA”, in www.i-programmer.info, retrieved 2012-10-25:

I assume we are speaking of a single rule CA (one rule for every cell).

2013 October 31, Shawn LeGrand, “Question about one-dimensional cellular automaton with a finite number of cells”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

cellular automaton
cellular automaton#English

(cellular automata) Initialism of cellular automaton.

Well-designed CAs will create a trust hierarchy, which consists of a root with a number of subroots, to further enhance protection of the private key.

2003, Kapil Raina, PKI Security Solutions for the Enterprise, page 30:

certificate authority
certificate authority#English

(computing) Initialism of certificate authority.


DE

DE (countable and uncountable, plural DEs)

desktop environment
desktop environment#English

(computing) Initialism of desktop environment.


GA

GA (countable and uncountable, plural GAs)

general availability
general availability#English

(chiefly software) Initialism of general availability.

genetic algorithm
genetic algorithm#English

(software) Initialism of genetic algorithm.


IL

Intermediate language
intermediate language#English

(computing, initialism) Intermediate language


IA

Indian Army at the Encyclopedia of India

Indian Airlines at the Encyclopædia Britannica

(computing) Initialism of Intel Architecture.


IA

IA (countable and uncountable, plural IAs)

information assurance
w:Information assurance

(computing) Initialism of information assurance.


ME

(computing) Alternative letter-case form of Me (“Windows Me (Millennium Edition)”).


MI

MI (countable and uncountable, plural MIs)

MI excludes words that frequently combine with many words (e.g. the), but can overemphasize low frequency collocation.

2018, Clarence Green, James Lambert, “Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes, volume 35, →DOI, page 112:

mutual information
mutual information#English

(information theory) Initialism of mutual information.


MO

(computing) Initialism of magnetooptical.


NE

(software) Initialism of New Executable (executable file format used by early 16-bit versions of Microsoft Windows and IBM OS/2).


NC

(computing theory) Nick's Class, the complexity class of decision problems solvable in polylogarithmic time using a polynomial number of processors.


OK

en-verb

OK (third-person singular simple present OKs or OK's, present participle OKing or OK'ing, simple past and past participle OKed or OK'd)

OKs (present singular third-person)
OK's (present singular third-person)
OKing (participle present)
OK'ing (participle present)
OKed (participle past)
OKed (past)
OK'd (participle past)
OK'd (past)

Origin disputed. Wikipedia lists many possible etymologies, of which the most widely accepted is that it is an abbreviation of oll/orl korrect, a comical spelling of all correct, which first appeared in print in The Boston Morning Post on March 23, 1839, as part of a fad for similar fanciful abbreviations in the United States during the late 1830s. The expression became popular through its use in the presidential campaign of Martin Van Buren in 1840, who was nicknamed Old Kinderhook, and then slowly acquired other meanings.
The Choctaw word oke, okeh (“it is so”), common in Choctaw translations of the Bible, could also explain OK's variety of affirmative definitions. Additionally, okeh was the most common etymology of okay in dictionaries until the 1960s, and linguistically predates Boston's O.K.. However, this theory suffers from the fact that the Choctaw language was relatively obscure and generally spoken (sometimes in a pidgin form) mainly with African-American slaves.

unk

disputed

Type a suitable name for your Marker and OK the dialogue box.

2001, Mike Collins, Pro Tools: Practical Recording, Editing and Mixing for Music Production:

When you OK the crop, the image size will be adjusted to match the front image resolution.

2008, Martin Evening, Adobe Photoshop CS4 for Photographers:

(transitive, computing) To confirm by activating a button marked OK.


OK

→ Afrikaans: oukei

desc

→ Arabic: أُوكِي (ʔokey), أُوكَي (ʔukay)

→ Cantonese: OK (ou1 kei1), O (ou1)

→ Danish: okay, OK

→ Dutch: oké

→ Esperanto: okej

→ Estonian: okei

→ Finnish: okei

→ French: okay

→ German: okay

→ Hebrew: אוקי (okéy)

→ Hindi: ओके (oke)

→ Hungarian: oké

→ Indonesian: oke

→ Icelandic: ókei

→ Italian: ok

→ Japanese: OK (ōkē), オーケー (ōkē)

→ Korean: OK (okei), 오케이 (okei)

→ Macedonian: океј (okej)

→ Malay: okey

→ Mandarin: OK (ōukèi, ōukēi)

→ Polish: okej

→ Portuguese: OK

→ Russian: окей (okej)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: океј

Latin script: okej

→ Spanish: okay, okey

→ Swedish: okej

→ Thai: โอเค (oo-kee)

→ Turkish: okey

→ Ukrainian: окей (okej)

→ West Frisian: okee

→ Yiddish: אָקיי (okey)

unk

disputed

(computing) Used to dismiss a dialog box or confirm a prompt.

OK

dismissal of a dialog box or confirmation of a prompt


OR

en:lexical symbol to implement inclusive or

(computer science) A lexical symbol to implement inclusive or in a computer language.


VA

en-noun

VA (countable and uncountable, plural VAs)

(computing) Initialism of virtual address.


safe

en-adj

safe (comparative safer or more safe, superlative safest or most safe)

safer (comparative)
more safe (comparative)
safest (superlative)
most safe (superlative)

→ Japanese: セーフ

From Middle English sauf, safe, saf, saaf, from Old French sauf, saulf, salf (“safe”), from Latin salvus (“whole, safe”), from Proto-Italic *salwos, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole, every”).
Displaced native Old English sicor (secure, sure).

der

(programming) Of a programming language, type-safe or more generally offering well-defined behavior despite programming errors.


save

en-verb

save (third-person singular simple present saves, present participle saving, simple past and past participle saved)

saves (present singular third-person)
saving (participle present)
saved (participle past)
saved (past)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sl̥h₂-wós
Proto-Italic *salawos
Latin salvus
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin salvō
Latin salvāre
Old French sauverbor.
Middle English saven
English save
From Middle English saven, sauven, a borrowing from Old French sauver, from Late Latin salvāre (“to save”).

etymon

save one's breath to cool one's porridge

Where did I save that document? I can't find it on the desktop.

(transitive, intransitive, computing, video games) To write a file to disk or other storage medium.

حَفِظَ

computing: to write a file to a storage medium


save

If you're hit by a power cut, you'll lose all of your changes since your last save.

The game console can store up to eight saves on a single cartridge.

(computing) The act, process, or result of saving data to a storage medium.

запис

computing: act, process, or result of saving data to a storage medium


read

en-verb

read (third-person singular simple present reads, present participle reading, simple past read, past participle read or (archaic, dialectal) readen)

reads (present singular third-person)
reading (participle present)
read (past)
read (participle past)
readen (archaic dialectal participle past)
read (infinitive)

From Middle English reden, from Old English rǣdan (“to counsel, advise, consult; interpret, read”), from Proto-West Germanic *rādan, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaną (“advise, counsel”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₁dʰ- (“to arrange”).
Cognate with Scots rede, red (“to advise, counsel, decipher, read”), Saterland Frisian räide (“to advise, counsel”), West Frisian riede (“to advise, counsel”), Dutch raden (“to advise; guess”), German raten (“to advise; guess”), Danish råde (“to advise”), Swedish råda (“to advise, counsel”), Persian رده (rade, “to order, to arrange, class”). In West Germanic the verb had a sense “interpret”, which developed further into “interpret letters” in English and “interpret by intuition, guess” on the continent. Compare rede.

lees

to look at and interpret letters or other information

olvasd

to substitute (a corrected piece of text in place of an erroneous one); used to introduce an emendation of a text

to read a hard disk

to read a port

to read the keyboard

(computing, transitive) To fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.).

beolvas

to fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.)


twit

en-verb

twit (third-person singular simple present twits, present participle twitting, simple past and past participle twitted)

twits (present singular third-person)
twitting (participle present)
twitted (participle past)
twitted (past)
twit (infinitive)

PIE word
 *h₂éd
The verb is an aphetic form of atwite (“(obsolete) to blame, reproach”), from Middle English atwiten (“to attribute (something) to someone; to blame (something) on someone; to accuse or charge (someone) with something; to speak ill of; to taunt”), from Old English ætwītan (“to blame, reproach; to censure, upbraid; to taunt”), from æt- (prefix meaning ‘at, near; toward’) + wītan (“to accuse; to blame, reproach”) (from Proto-Germanic *wītaną (“to punish; to torment; to know; to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see”)).
The noun is probably derived from the verb, although it is attested in print earlier.

натяквам

(transitive) to blame or reproach (someone), especially in a good-natured or teasing manner; (intransitive) to blame or reproach, especially in a good-natured or teasing manner — see also blame, reproach

However, on the Internet BBS's such as Quartz (now dead), Prism, Monsoon, Sunset, ect,^([sic – meaning etc]) someone pulling that kind of crap is likely to get flamed quite fast and twitted before he/she can breathe.

1995 December 5, Michelle Jackson, “Debutante/Question about Tori Shirts”, in rec.music.tori-amos (Usenet):

Not only are some of the notoriously foul-mouthed echoes excluded from the BBS message base, but each message is auto-censored for key words that are, in the opinion of the SysOp (me in this case), offensive to a "G" audience. And no, it isn't 100% effective. And no, there is no "thought purification program" that can filter out some folks^([sic]) obscene ideas that can be expressed w/o written vulgarities. That has to be simply "dealt" with, either by ignoring or twitting the individual that offends habitually.

2002 August 14, Marc Lewis, “FidoNet”, in alt.bbs (Usenet):

(computing) To ignore or kill file (a user on a bulletin board system).

bulletin board system
bulletin board system


canary

en-noun

canary (countable and uncountable, plural canaries)

From French canarie, from Spanish canario, from the Latin Canariae insulae (“Canary Islands”) (Spanish Islas Canarias); from the largest island Insula Canaria (“Dog Island" or "Canine Island”), named for its dogs, from canārius (“canine”), from canis (“dog”).

der

(computing) A value placed in memory such that it will be the first data corrupted by a buffer overflow, allowing the program to identify and recover from it.

(computing) A change that is tested by being rolled out first to a subset of machines or users before rolling out to all.


canary

en-verb

canary (third-person singular simple present canaries, present participle canarying, simple past and past participle canaried)

canaries (present singular third-person)
canarying (participle present)
canaried (participle past)
canaried (past)

software engineering
software engineering

(software engineering) To test a software change by rolling out to a small set of machines or users before making it available to all.


idiom

idioms (plural)
idiomata (plural)
used uncountably (sometimes)

From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”).

der

I have to use the same assignment and call to raw_input in two places. How can I avoid that? I can use the while True/break idiom: […]

2005, Magnus Lie Hetland, Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional, →ISBN, page 100:

A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.

(programming) A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language.


predicate

From Middle French predicat (French prédicat), from post-classical Late Latin praedicātum (“thing said of a subject”), a noun use of the neuter past participle of praedicō (“I proclaim”), as Etymology 2, below.

(computing) An operator or function that returns either true or false.

predikaattifunktio

computing: an operator or function that returns either true or false


clause

From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.

مُرَكَّبٌ إِسْنَادِيّ

grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate

(databases) A constituent component of a statement or query.


unmask

en-verb

unmask (third-person singular simple present unmasks, present participle unmasking, simple past and past participle unmasked)

unmasks (present singular third-person)
unmasking (participle present)
unmasked (participle past)
unmasked (past)

(transitive, computing) To enable (an interrupt, etc.) by unsetting or setting the associated bit.


Darwin

From Middle English Darwin, Derwin, from Old English Dēorwine (“a given name”), composed of dēore (“dear”) + wine (“friend”).
The city in Australia is named after Charles Darwin.

(computing) An open-source Unix operating system first released by Apple.


path

From Middle English path, peth, from Old English pæþ (“path, track”), from Proto-West Germanic *paþ, from Proto-Germanic *paþaz (“path”). The Proto-Germanic term is possibly borrowed from Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *pántaHh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pántaHs, from Proto-Indo-European *póntoh₁s, from the root *pent- (“to pass”), however this is disputed. Cognate with West Frisian paad, Dutch pad, German Pfad. Indo-Iranian cognates could be Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬃 (paṇtā̊, “way”), Old Persian 𐎱𐎰 (p-θ /paθi/)), Sanskrit पन्था (panthā). See also English find). Doublet of panth.

Use the network path \\Marketing\Files to find the documents you need.

(computing) A human-readable specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure, such as a file system or as part of a URL.

camí

computing: a specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure


path

path (third-person singular simple present paths, present participle pathing, simple past and past participle pathed)

paths (present singular third-person)
pathing (participle present)
pathed (participle past)
pathed (past)

Next, you need to path to the location of the executable and run it from there.

(computing, intransitive) To navigate through a file system directory tree (to a desired file or folder).


highway

From Middle English heiȝwai, heiȝwei, from Old English hēahweġ (“main road, highway”), corresponding to high + way. Compare highgate, high street, high road.
Cognate with Scots heaway, heway, hieway, hichway, heichway (“highway”).

inh

(computing) Synonym of bus (“common connection for two or more circuits or components”)


exit

en-verb

exit (third-person singular simple present exits, present participle exiting, simple past and past participle exited)

exits (present singular third-person)
exiting (participle present)
exited (participle past)
exited (past)

From Middle English exit, from Latin exitus (“departure, going out; way by which one may go out, egress; (figuratively) conclusion, termination; (figuratively) death; income, revenue”), from exeō (“to depart, exit; to avoid, evade; (figuratively) to escape; of time: to expire, run out”) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs). Exeō is derived from ex- (prefix meaning ‘out, away’) + eō (“to go”) (ultimately from ). The English word is cognate with Italian esito, Portuguese êxito, Spanish éxito. Doublet of ejido and exitus.
The verb is derived from the noun.

ацара

to go out or go away from a place or situation — see also depart, leave

Common Lisp provides a facility for exiting from a complex process in a non-local, dynamically scoped manner.

1990, Guy L[ewis] Steele Jr. et al., “Control Structure”, in Common Lisp: The Language, 2nd edition, [Bedford, Mass.]: Digital Press, →ISBN, section 7.11 (Dynamic Non-local Exits), page 187:

Every ZAF program needs to call a routine like this to exit the application. Just put it in your library and be done with it.

1995, Roland Hughes, “Tricks You Should Already Have”, in Zinc It!: Interfacing Third Party Libraries with Crossplatform GUI’s, Evanston, Ill.: John Gordon Burke Publisher, →ISBN, section 3.5 (exit_program() Function), page 3-6:

(transitive, intransitive, computing) To end or terminate (a program, subroutine, etc.)

退出

to end or terminate (a program, subroutine, etc.)


lane

From Middle English lane, lone, from Old English lanu (“a lane, alley, avenue”), from Proto-West Germanic *lanu, from Proto-Germanic *lanō (“lane, passageway”).
Cognate with Scots lone (“cattle-track, by-road”), West Frisian leane, loane (“a walkway, avenue”), Dutch laan (“alley, avenue”), German Low German Lane, Laan (“lane”), Swedish lån (“covered walkway encircling a house”), Icelandic lön (“a row of houses”).

cog

(computing) Any of the parallel slots in which values can be stored in a SIMD architecture.


pavement

en-noun

pavement (usually uncountable, plural pavements)

From Middle English pament, from Anglo-Norman pavement and reinforced by Middle French pavement; both from Latin pavīmentum (“paved surface or floor”), from pavīre (“to beat, to ram, to tread down”). Morphologically pave + -ment.

der

The riches of heaven's pavement, trodden gold.

1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(now chiefly in technical contexts) A paved surface; a hard covering on the ground.


HTTP

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level protocol with the lightness and speed necessary for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.

1996 May, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, H. Frystyk, “Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.0”, in RFC Editor, →ISSN, RFC 1945:

Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Hypertext Transfer Protocol#English

(Internet, networking) Initialism of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (the protocol used most commonly to transfer Web pages and accompanying data over the Internet)


CLI

command line interface
command line interface#English

(computing) Initialism of command line interface.

command-line interpreter
command-line interpreter#English

(computing) Initialism of command-line interpreter.


CLI

Common Language Infrastructure
Common Language Infrastructure#English

(computing) Initialism of Common Language Infrastructure (for .NET.)


ISP

interface segregation principle
interface segregation principle#English

(programming) Initialism of interface segregation principle. (one of the five SOLID principles of programming.)


unit

Formerly unite, a later form of unity; see unity.

natural transformation
natural transformation

(category theory) In an adjunction, a natural transformation from the identity functor of the domain of the left adjoint functor to the composition of the right adjoint functor with the left adjoint functor.


dimension

(computing) Any of the independent ranges of indices in a multidimensional array.


dimension

en-verb

dimension (third-person singular simple present dimensions, present participle dimensioning, simple past and past participle dimensioned)

dimensions (present singular third-person)
dimensioning (participle present)
dimensioned (participle past)
dimensioned (past)

Dimension an array to hold only as much data as you intend to put into it.

2002, James D. Foxall, Wendy Haro-Chun, SAMS Teach Yourself C# in 24 Hours, page 268:

(transitive, programming) To specify the size of (an array or similar data structure); to allocate.


activate

activate (third-person singular simple present activates, present participle activating, simple past and past participle activated)

activates (present singular third-person)
activating (participle present)
activated (participle past)
activated (past)

(transitive, computing, software) To remove the limitations of demoware by providing a license; to unlock.


train

→ Irish: traein

→ Maltese: trejn

→ Scottish Gaelic: trèan

→ Welsh: trên

[t̠ɹ̠̊˔e̞ɪ̯n]

From Middle English trayne (“train”), from Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from traïner (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *traginō, from *tragō, from Latin trahō (“to pull, to draw”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tregʰ- (“to pull, draw, drag”). The verb was derived from the noun in Middle English.

der

it ain't the whistle that pulls the train

it is not the whistle that pulls the train

it isn't the whistle that pulls the train

it's not the whistle that pulls the train

What steps do development engineers follow when adding new feature code? How do they support different software versions or release trains?

2008, Michael Bushong, Cathy Gadecki, Aviva Garrett, JUNOS For Dummies, page 16:

(computing) A software release schedule.

Connected sequence of people or things.
A software release schedule.


ad hoc

en-adj

ad hoc (comparative more ad hoc, superlative most ad hoc)

more ad hoc (comparative)
most ad hoc (superlative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin ad hoc (“to this, for this”).

lbor

An ad hoc network is a group of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without any fixed infrastructure or centralized administration. The applications for ad hoc networks have grown tremendously with the increase in the use of wireless sensor networks.

2007 April 23, Jagannathan Sarangapani, Wireless Ad hoc and Sensor Networks: Protocols, Performance, and Control, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 233:

(networking) Independent of previously instated network structure, like routers or access points.


pin

en-verb

pin (third-person singular simple present pins, present participle pinning, simple past and past participle pinned)

pins (present singular third-person)
pinning (participle present)
pinned (participle past)
pinned (past)

From Middle English pinne, from Old English pinn (“pin, peg, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *pinnaz, *pinnō, *pint- (“protruding point, peak, peg, pin, nail”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“protruding object, pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pen (“enclosure”).
Cognate with Dutch pin (“peg, pin”), Low German pin, pinne (“pin, point, nail, peg”), German Pinn, Pinne (“pin, tack, peg”), Bavarian Pfonzer, Pfunzer (“sharpened point”), Danish pind (“pin, pointed stick”), Norwegian pinn (“stick”), Swedish pinne (“peg, rod, stick”), Icelandic pinni (“pin”). More at pintle.
No relation to classical Latin pinna (“fin, flipper, wing-like appendage, wing, feather”), which was extended to mean "ridge, peak, point" (compare pinnacle), and often confused with Latin penna (“wing, feather”). More at feather and pen (Etymology 3).

cog

to pin a folder to the taskbar

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(graphical user interface, transitive) To attach (an icon, application, message etc.) to another item so that it persists.

When marshaling data, the interop marshaler can copy or pin the data being marshaled.

[…] you can use the GCHandle class mentioned earlier to pin a heap block until you explicitly unpin it.

2012, Ian Griffiths, Programming C# 5.0, page 244:

(programming, transitive) To fix (an array in memory, a security certificate, etc.) so that it cannot be modified.


race

en-noun

race (countable and uncountable, plural races)

From Middle English race, partially from Old English rǣs (“a race, swift or violent running, rush, onset”), from Proto-West Germanic *rās; and partially from Old Norse rás (“a running, race”); both from Proto-Germanic *rēsō (“a course”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁s- (“to flow, rush”). Cognate with Middle Low German râs (“a strong current”), Dutch ras (“a strong whirling current”), Danish ræs, Norwegian and Swedish ras, Norwegian rås.

cog

Many problems of oscillations and races are solved by this arrangement.

1989, R. Raghuram, Computer Simulation of Electronic Circuits, New Delhi: Wiley Eastern, →ISBN, page 181:

Because a race by definition depends on the timing being just wrong, you could test your program any number of times, never observe any misbehavior, and still have a user run into the problem.¶ This occurrence is not just a theoretical possibility: Real programs have race bugs and real users have encountered them, sometimes with consequences that have literally been fatal.

1999, Max Hailperin, Barbara Kaiser, Karl Knight, “Java, Applets, and Concurrency”, in Concrete Abstractions, Brooks/Cole Publishing, →ISBN, page 622:

As the name implies, a race condition means that two processes are competing within the same time interval, and the race affects the integrity or correctness of the computing tasks.

2012, Charles P. Pfleeger, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, Analyzing Computer Security, Prentice Hall, page 79:

(electronics, computing) A race condition; a bug or problem that occurs when two or more components attempt to use the same resource at the same time.


ribbon

en-noun

ribbon (countable and uncountable, plural ribbons)

→ Japanese: リボン (ribon)

→ Korean: 리본 (ribon)

From Middle English riban, ryban, ryband, from Old French riban, ruban ( > modern French ruban), of uncertain origin. Likely from a Germanic compound whose second element is cognate with English band. Compare Middle Dutch ringhband (“necklace”, literally “ring-band”).

cog

(computing, graphical user interface) A toolbar that incorporates tabs and menus.


hoist

en-verb

hoist (third-person singular simple present hoists, present participle hoisting, simple past and past participle hoisted or hoist)

hoists (present singular third-person)
hoisting (participle present)
hoisted (participle past)
hoisted (past)
hoist (participle past)
hoist (past)

Alteration of earlier hoise (“to hoist”), apparently based on the past tense forms, from Middle Dutch hisen (“to hoist”). Compare modern Dutch hijsen (“to hoist”), German hissen (“to hoist”), Danish hejse (“to hoist”). Compare also French hisser (“to hoist”), Catalan hissar (“to hoist”), Italian issare (“to hoist”), Sicilian jisari (“to hoist”), all borrowed from a Germanic source.

(transitive, computing theory) To extract (code) from a loop construct as part of optimization.


environment

From Middle French environnement, equivalent to environ + -ment. Compare French environnement.

That program uses the Microsoft Windows environment.

(computing) The software and/or hardware existing on any particular computer system.

(programming) The environment of a function at a point during the execution of a program is the set of identifiers in the function's scope and their bindings at that point.

(computing) The set of variables and their values in a namespace that an operating system associates with a process.


citizen

From Middle English citeseyn, citezein, borrowed from Anglo-Norman citesain (“burgher; city-dweller”), citezein etc., probably a variant of cithein under influence of deinzein (“denizen”), from Anglo-Norman and Old French citeain etc. and citaien, citeien etc. ("burgher"; modern French citoyen), from cité ("settlement; cathedral city, city"; modern French cité) + -ain or -ien (“-an, -ian”). See city and hewe.

first-class citizen

person who is legally recognized as a member or resident


provenance

en-noun

provenance (countable and uncountable, plural provenances)

Borrowed from French provenance (“origin”), from Middle French provenant, present participle of provenir (“come forth, arise”), from Latin provenio (“to come forth”).

(computing) The copy history of a piece of data, or the intermediate pieces of data used to compute a final data element, as in a database record or web site (data provenance).

alkuperä

in computing: the copy history of a piece of data

(computing) The execution history of computer processes which were used to compute a final piece of data (process provenance).

prosessin kulku

in computing: the execution history of computer processes


grammar

grammar (countable and uncountable, plural grammars)

/ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/

From Middle English gramere, from Old French gramaire (“classical learning”), from unattested Vulgar Latin *grammāria, an alteration of Latin grammatica, from Ancient Greek γραμματική (grammatikḗ, “skilled in writing”), from γράμμα (grámma, “line of writing”), from γράφω (gráphō, “write”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to carve, scratch”). Displaced native Old English stæfcræft; a doublet of glamour, glamoury, gramarye, and grimoire. Piecewise doublet of grammatic.

قَوَاعِد

in computing: formal system specifying the syntax of a language

glomery

study & field of study in medieval Latin contexts

morpho-syntax

from the relationship between morphology and syntax

Because real lexicons are big and complex, from a software engineering perspective it is best to write simple grammars that have a simple, well-defined way, of pulling out the information they need from vast lexicons. That is, grammars should be thought of as separate entities which can access the information contained in lexicons. We can then use specialised mechanisms for efficiently storing the lexicon and retrieving data from it.

2006, Patrick Blackburn · Johan Bos · Kristina Striegnitz, Learn Prolog Now!, §8.2

(computing theory) A formal system specifying the syntax of a language.

(computing theory) A formal system defining a formal language

Hickerson has a computer program which found a spaceship with speed c/3. In fact a whole grammar of them.

1991 April 4, Bill Gosper, “LIFELINE:in search of the newsletter”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Within a few hours of finding the first period 2 ship, Dean had discovered a grammar for constructing an infinite number of different short, wide, period 2 spaceships. A grammar is an "alphabet" of "components", along with rules for the possible sequences of connections between components. Components are simply the identifiable pieces of a ship which reappear over and over in different ships in different combinations.

1992 August 27, David Bell, “Spaceships in Conway's Life (Part 2a)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Dean's discovery included a much more plentiful family than just the light, medium, and heavy weight spaceships that have been known since the beginning, which he was able to organize into a series of tiles and a grammar for them.

1994 January 21, Harold McIntosh, “de Bruijn diagrams”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

(cellular automata) A set of component patterns, along with the rules for connecting them, which can be combined to form more complex patterns such as large still lifes, oscillators, and spaceships.


facet

(computing) A criterion that can be used to sort and filter, such as the colour or size of products in an online store.


wabbit

Representing pronunciation of rabbit by children and some adults who have trouble saying the English r (the cartoon character Elmer Fudd is a caricature of the latter). Computing sense refers to the ability of rabbits to multiply quickly.

Coordinate term: fork bomb

For example, a hacker might write a quine virus program that generates complete copies of itself as part of its output, a worm virus program that reproduces itself across a network, or a wabbit virus program designed to perpetually duplicate itself, at least until the system crashes. In contrast to the wabbit's slow growth, a fork bomb quickly generates multiple copies itself^([sic]).

2002, Philip E. N. Howard, “Hacktivism”, in edited by Steve Jones, Encyclopedia of New Media, SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 216:

(computing) A self-replicating computer process that (unlike a virus or worm) does not infect host programs or documents and remains on the local computer rather than spreading across networks of computers.


bind

en-verb

bind (third-person singular simple present binds, present participle binding, simple past bound or (nonstandard) binded, past participle bound or (nonstandard) binded or (archaic, rare) bounden or (obsolete) ybound or (obsolete) ybounden)

binds (present singular third-person)
binding (participle present)
bound (past)
binded (nonstandard past)
bound (participle past)
binded (nonstandard participle past)
bounden (archaic participle past rare)
ybound (obsolete participle past)
ybounden (obsolete participle past)

From Middle English binden, from Old English bindan, from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną (compare West Frisian bine, Dutch binden, Low German binnen, German binden, Danish binde), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéndʰ-e-ti, from *bʰendʰ- (“to tie”).
Compare Welsh ben (“cart”), Latin offendīx (“knot, band”), Lithuanian beñdras (“partner”), Albanian bind (“to convince, to awe, to spell”), Ancient Greek πεῖσμα (peîsma, “cable, rope”), Persian بستن (bastan, “to bind”), Sanskrit बन्धति (bándhati). Doublet of bandana.

bindi

transitive, programming to process object modules into a program

We bind the variable n to the value 2, and xs to "abcd".

2008, Bryan O'Sullivan, John Goerzen, Donald Bruce Stewart, Real World Haskell, page 33:

You can bind an identifier to an object of a derived type, as you did earlier when you bound a string to an identifier of type obj[…]

2009, Robert Pickering, Beginning F#, page 123:

(transitive, programming) To associate an identifier with a value; to associate a variable name, method name, etc. with the content of a storage location.

(transitive, programming) To process one or more object modules into an executable program.


break

en-verb

break (third-person singular simple present breaks, present participle breaking, simple past broke or (archaic) brake, past participle broken or (nonstandard) broke)

breaks (present singular third-person)
breaking (participle present)
broke (past)
brake (archaic past)
broken (participle past)
broke (nonstandard participle past)
break (infinitive)

From Middle English breken, from Old English brecan (“to break”), from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną (“to break”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”). The word is a doublet of bray.
Cognates
Cognates of Germanic origin include Scots brek (“to break”), West Frisian brekke (“to break”), Dutch breken (“to break”), Low German breken (“to break”), German brechen (“to break”), French broyer (“to crush, grind”), Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (brikan, “to break, destroy”), Norwegian brek (“desire, yearning”).
Also cognate with Albanian brishtë (“fragile”), Latin frangō (“break, break up, shatter”, verb), whence English fracture and other terms – fragile, frail, fraction, and fragment.

breek

intransitive: to separate into (to end up in) two or more pieces

thyen

transitive: to separate into (to cause to end up in) two or more pieces

sındırmaq

to cause a person to lose spirit or will

խախտել

transitive: to do that which is forbidden by (something)

փչանալ

intransitive: to stop functioning properly or altogether

ջարդել

transitive: to cause to stop functioning

burst

ergative: separate into two or more pieces

contravene

transitive: do that which is forbidden by

break one's arm patting oneself on the back

(computing) To terminate the execution of a program before normal completion.

(programming) To suspend the execution of a program during debugging so that the state of the program can be investigated.

zero-width non-breaking space

(computing) To cause, or allow the occurrence of, a line break.


break

No matter how much text you add above the break, the text after the break will always appear at the top of a new page.

2001, Nan Barber, David Reynolds, Office 2001 for Macintosh: The Missing Manual, page 138:

(computing) The separation between lines, paragraphs or pages of a written text.

(computing) A keystroke or other signal that causes a program to terminate or suspend execution.


broken

en-adj

broken (comparative more broken, superlative most broken)

more broken (comparative)
most broken (superlative)

From Middle English broken, from Old English brocen, ġebrocen, from Proto-Germanic *brukanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *brekaną (“to break”). Cognate with Dutch gebroken (“broken”), German Low German broken (“broken”), German gebrochen (“broken”). Morphologically broke + -n.

the pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last

This is the most broken application I've seen in a long time.

Non-functional; not functioning properly.

(software, informal) Badly designed or implemented.

malgirbat

of software: badly designed or implemented


repository

/ɹɪˈpɑ.zɪˌtɔɹ.i/

مَخْزَن

a location for storage, often for safety or preservation

A location for storage, often for safety or preservation.

(computing) A storage location for files, such as downloadable software packages, or files in a source control system.


build

en-verb

build (third-person singular simple present builds, present participle building, simple past and past participle built or (archaic or poetic) builded)

builds (present singular third-person)
building (participle present)
built (participle past)
built (past)
builded (archaic participle past poetic)
builded (archaic past poetic)
build (infinitive)

demolish

antonym(s) of “to form by combining materials or parts”

decrease

antonym(s) of “to increase or strengthen by adding gradually to”

Etymology tree
Proto-West Germanic *buþlijan
Old English bytlan
Middle English bylden
English build
From Middle English bilden, bulden, bylden, from Old English byldan and bytlan, bytlian (“to build”), from Proto-West Germanic *buþlijan (“to build”), from Proto-Germanic *buþlą, *bōþlą (“house, dwelling, farm”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to become, grow, thrive, be, live, dwell”). Related to Old English botl (“building, house”). More at bottle.

inh

(transitive, computing) To construct (software) by compiling its source code.

компилирам

(transitive, computing) to construct software by compiling its source code

koota

(intransitive, computing) to be constructed by compilation of source code

This code won’t build any more. Have you made any changes?

(intransitive, computing, of source code) To be converted into software by compilation, usually with minimal human intervention.


build

en-noun

build (countable and uncountable, plural builds)

The computer company has introduced a new prototype build to beta testers.

(computing, countable) Any of various versions of a software product as it is being developed for release to users.

версия

any version of a software during its development


burn

burn (countable and uncountable, plural burns)

From Middle English bernen, birnen, from Old English birnan (“to burn”), metathesis from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenw-, present stem from *bʰrewh₁-. Doublet of brew.
See also Middle Irish brennim (“drink up”), bruinnim (“bubble up”); also Middle Irish bréo (“flame”), Albanian burth (“Cyclamen hederifolium, mouth burning”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhurati, “moves quickly, twitches, fidgets”). More at brew.

cog

Allow additional burns enables you to create a multisession CD, which can be used again to write more data.

2003, Maria Langer, Mac OS X 10.2 Advanced, page 248:

(computing) The writing of data to a permanent storage medium like a compact disc or a ROM chip.


burn

en-verb

burn (third-person singular simple present burns, present participle burning, simple past and past participle burned or (mostly Commonwealth) burnt or (obsolete) brent)

burns (present singular third-person)
burning (participle present)
burned (participle past)
burned (past)
burnt (Commonwealth participle past)
burnt (Commonwealth past)
brent (obsolete participle past)
brent (obsolete past)
burn (infinitive)

Sranan Tongo: bron

Aukan: boon

verbranden

chemistry: to cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent

We’ll burn this program onto an EEPROM one hour before the demo begins.

At first they didn’t do anything by design, beyond writing songs and gigging around Sheffield, distributing homemade demo CDs at shows. Their canny friends burned copies to leave on buses, but more importantly, uploaded them to filesharing sites and set up a MySpace page.

2015 October 22, Laura Snapes, “How Arctic Monkeys’ debut single changed the music industry and ‘killed the NME’”, in The Guardian:

(transitive, computing) To write data to a permanent storage medium like a compact disc or a ROM chip.

My old DVD player could play DivX files but didn't recognize the subtitle file, so I had to burn them in.

(transitive, computing, by extension) To render subtitles into a video's content while transcoding it, making the subtitles part of the image.


catch

catch (third-person singular simple present catches, present participle catching, simple past and past participle caught)

catches (present singular third-person)
catching (participle present)
caught (participle past)
caught (past)
catch (infinitive)

→ French: catch

→ Kabuverdianu:

→ Portuguese: cachir

→ Spanish: cachar

From Middle English cacchen, from Anglo-Norman cachier, variant of Old French chacier, from Late Latin captiāre, from Latin captāre, frequentative of capere. Akin to Modern French chasser (from Old French chacier) and Spanish cazar, and thus a doublet of chase. Compare ketch. Displaced Middle English fangen ("to catch"; > Modern English fang (verb)), from Old English fōn (“to seize, take”); Middle English lacchen ("to catch" and heavily displaced Modern English latch), from Old English læċċan.
The verb became irregular, possibly under the influence of the semantically similar latch (from Old English læċċan), whose past tense was lahte, lauhte, laught (Old English læhte), until becoming regularised in Modern English.

gloss

caught with one's fingers in the cookie jar

don't sell the skin till you have caught the bear

you can catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

When the program catches an exception, this is recorded in the log file.

(transitive, computing) To handle an exception.

To seize hold of.
To handle an exception.

siepata

to handle a computer error, especially an exception


icon

From Latin īcōn, from Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”). Eastern Orthodox Church sense is attested from 1833. Computing sense first recorded in 1982.

der

Click the loudspeaker icon to configure audio settings.

The program's most quintessentially Macintoshian feature, one as yet unique among spreadsheets, is its icon bar, which resides at the top of the screen just below the standard menu bar. It contains 21 icons, each of which allows the user to perform a specified function with but a few clicks of the mouse.

1985 September 15, Erik Snadberg-Diment, “Number Crunching on the Macintosh”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(graphical user interface) A small picture that represents something.

Is it okay if I use your drawing as my icon?

(Internet, informal) An image used to represent a user; an avatar or profile picture.


cut

en-verb

cut (third-person singular simple present cuts, present participle cutting, simple past cut or (nonstandard) cutted, past participle cut or (archaic) cutten)

cuts (present singular third-person)
cutting (participle present)
cut (past)
cutted (nonstandard past)
cut (participle past)
cutten (archaic participle past)

From Middle English cutten, kitten, kytten, ketten (“to cut”) (compare Scots kut, kit (“to cut”)), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse *kytja, *kutta, from Proto-Germanic *kutjaną, *kuttaną (“to cut”), of uncertain origin, perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *kwetwą (“meat, flesh”) (compare Old Norse kvett (“meat”)). Akin to Middle Swedish kotta (“to cut or carve with a knife”) (compare dialectal Swedish kåta, kuta (“to cut or chip with a knife”), Swedish kuta, kytti (“a knife”)), Norwegian Bokmål kutte (“to cut”), Norwegian Nynorsk kutte (“to cut”), Icelandic kuta (“to cut with a knife”), Old Norse kuti (“small knife”), Norwegian kyttel, kytel, kjutul (“pointed slip of wood used to strip bark”). Displaced native Middle English snithen (from Old English snīþan; compare German schneiden), which still survives in some dialects as snithe or snead. See snide. Adjective sense of "drunk" (now rare and now usually used in the originally jocular derivative form of half-cut) dates from the 17th century, from cut in the leg, to have cut your leg, euphemism for being very drunk.

tondi

to cut out fabric to specific lengths and shapes to make clothes

klippa bort

remove a portion during editing of a tape

cut the ground from under someone's feet

one's stomach thinks one's throat has been cut

you could cut the atmosphere with a knife

Select the text, cut it, and then paste it in the other application.

(transitive, computing) To remove (text, a picture, etc.) and place in memory in order to paste at a later time.

knip

computing: to remove and place in memory


fire

en-verb

fire (third-person singular simple present fires, present participle firing, simple past and past participle fired)

fires (present singular third-person)
firing (participle present)
fired (participle past)
fired (past)
fire (infinitive)

From Middle English firen, fyren, furen, from Old English fȳrian (“to make a fire”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with Old Frisian fioria (“to light a fire”), Saterland Frisian fjuurje (“to fire”), Middle Dutch vûren, vueren, vieren (“to set fire”), Dutch vuren (“to fire, shoot”), Old High German fiuren (“to ignite, set on fire”), German feuern (“to fire”).

udløse

computer sciences, software engineering: to initiate an event

The event handler should only fire after all web page content has finished loading.

The queue fires a job whenever the thread pool is ready to handle it.

(transitive, intransitive, computer sciences, software engineering) To initiate an event (by means of an event handler).


drive

en-noun

drive (countable and uncountable, plural drives)

[d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv]

From Middle English driven, from Old English drīfan (“to drive, force, move”), from Proto-West Germanic *drīban, from Proto-Germanic *drībaną (“to drive”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots drive (“to drive”), North Frisian driwe (“to drive”), Saterland Frisian drieuwe (“to drive”), West Frisian driuwe (“to chase, drive, impel”), Dutch drijven (“to drive”), Low German drieven (“to drive, drift, push”), German treiben (“to drive, push, propel”), Norwegian Bokmål drive, Danish drive (“to drive, run, force”), Norwegian Nynorsk driva, Swedish driva (“to drive, power, drift, push, force”), Icelandic drífa (“to drive, hurry, rush”).

cog

(computer hardware) An apparatus for reading and writing data to or from a mass storage device such as a disk.

(computer hardware) A mass storage device in which the mechanism for reading and writing data is integrated with the mechanism for storing data.

jednotka

computing: apparatus for reading and writing to or from a storage device