virus

en-noun

virus (countable and uncountable, plural viruses or (rare) virusses or (rare) vira or (proscribed) viri or (proscribed) virii)

viruses (plural)
virusses (plural rare)
vira (plural rare)
viri (plural proscribed)
virii (plural proscribed)

→ Amharic: ቫይረስ (vayräs)

→ Bengali: ভাইরাস (bhairaś)

→ Burmese: ဗိုင်းရပ်စ် (buing:rapc)

→ Dhivehi: ވައިރަސް (vairas)

→ Hindi: वायरस (vāyras)

→ Japanese: バイラス (bairasu)

→ Kannada: ವೈರಸ್ (vairas)

→ Korean: 바이러스 (baireoseu)

→ Lao: ໄວຣັສ (wai rat)

→ Malay: virus

→ Malayalam: വൈറസ് (vaiṟasŭ)

→ Maltese: vajrus

→ Sinhalese: වෛරස (wairasa)

→ Telugu: వైరస్ (vairas)

→ Thai: ไวรัส (wai-rát)

desc

→ Urdu: وائرس

→ Urdu: وائرس

From Middle English virus, from Latin vīrus (“poison, slime, venom”), via rhotacism from Proto-Italic *weizos, from Proto-Indo-European *wisós (“fluidity, slime, poison”). First use in the computer context by David Gerrold in his 1972 book When HARLIE Was One.

der

Wait a minute! Is this one of those virus emails?!

2004 November 15, Michael Chapman; Matthew Chapman, “Strong Bad Email #118: virus”, in Homestar Runner, spoken by Strong Bad (Matthew Chapman):

(computing) A type of malware which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks, often causing damage to systems and data; also computer virus.

(computing, proscribed) Any type of malware.


decimate

en-verb

decimate (third-person singular simple present decimates, present participle decimating, simple past and past participle decimated)

decimates (present singular third-person)
decimating (participle present)
decimated (participle past)
decimated (past)

Borrowed from Latin decimāre (“to take or offer a tenth part”), from decimus (“tenth”). As a noun, via Latin decimatus (“tithing area; tithing rights”).

tertiate

reduce proportionately, by single aliquot part

A decimate tool allows us to obtain a more coarse-grained view of the data over the full n-dimensional space.

1999, Mihalisin & al., "Visualizing Multivariate Functions, Data and Distributions" in Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think, page 122

However, many times it is more practical to decimate existing high-res models because of time, money or manpower issues.

Given this initial fine mesh, we smooth and decimate it to a desired mesh resolution.

2004, Geremy Heitz et al., “Automatic Generation of Shape Models using Nonrigid Registration with a Single Segmented Template Mesh”, in Vision Modeling and Visualization 2004, page 74:

(computer graphics) To replace (a high-resolution model) with another of lower but acceptable quality. (Usually algorithmically)

alentaa resoluutiota

computer graphics: to replace with lower resolution


default

en-noun

default (countable and uncountable, plural defaults)

→ Russian: дефо́лт (defólt)

From Middle English defaut, defaute, from Old French defaute (“fault, defect, failure, culpability, lack”), ultimately from Latin de- (“away”) + fallo (“deceive, cheat, escape notice of”).

der

(electronics, computing) the original software programming settings as set by the factory

լռելյայն

electronics, computing: original settings

configuración predeterminada / preinstalada / predefinida / preestablecida / prefijada / de fábrica


default

en-verb

default (third-person singular simple present defaults, present participle defaulting, simple past and past participle defaulted)

defaults (present singular third-person)
defaulting (participle present)
defaulted (participle past)
defaulted (past)

If you don't specify a color, it defaults to red.

It defaults your application to Windows authentication mode, and if you want to use forms mode, you can just change it in the authentication section of the file.

2002, Tony Martin, Dominic Selly, Visual Basic .NET at Work: Building 10 Enterprise Projects, page 346:

(transitive, intransitive, computing) To assume a value when none was given; to presume a tentative value or standard.

käyttää oletusarvona

computing: to assume a value when none was given; to presume a tentative value or standard


confluence

From late Middle English confluence, from Late Latin cōnfluentia (“a flowing together, conflux”), from cōnfluēns (present participle of cōnfluō (“to flow or run together”)) + -ia (nominal suffix).

af

present participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">cōnfluō</i> (“to flow or run together”)

(computer science, in rewriting systems) A property describing which terms can be rewritten with other, equivalent terms.


gate

From Middle English gate, gat, ȝate, ȝeat, from Old English ġeat (“gate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gat, from Proto-Germanic *gatą (“hole, opening”).
See also Old Norse gat, Swedish and Dutch gat, Low German Gaat, Gööt.

(computing) A logical pathway made up of switches which turn on or off. Examples are and, or, nand, etc.


byte

An alteration of the word bite so it would not be accidentally misspelled as bit. Coined by Werner Buchholz in 1956, during the early design phase for the IBM 7030 Stretch computer.

(computing) A short sequence of bits (binary digits) that can be operated on as a unit by a computer; the smallest usable machine word.

The word “hello” fits into five bytes of ASCII code.

If you look at the photograph of the interior of the Spectrum[…], you will see that there is one ROM chip, and 16 smaller RAM chips. These chips give the Spectrum its memory. The memory consists of 65536 storage units that each contain one byte (a number from 0 to 255).

1984, Neil Ardley, “The ZX Spectrum+ Memory Map”, Learn About Your ZX Spectrum+ (3), in Sinclair ZX Spectrum+ User Guide, Dorling Kindersley, →ISBN, page 48:

With a varchar, the storage is always the actual number of characters you have stored plus 2 bytes. So a varchar(20) with a 5-character word will take up 7 bytes, with the extra 2 bytes holding a size reference for SQL Server.

2008, Eric Johnson, Joshua Jones, A Developer's Guide to Data Modeling for SQL Server:

(computing, most commonly) A unit of computing storage equal to eight bits, which can represent any of 256 distinct values.


select

en-verb

select (third-person singular simple present selects, present participle selecting, simple past and past participle selected)

selects (present singular third-person)
selecting (participle present)
selected (participle past)
selected (past)
select (infinitive)

From Latin sēlēctus, perfect passive participle of sēligō (“choose out, select”), from sē- (“without; apart”) + legō (“gather, select”).

(databases) To obtain a set of data from a database using a query.


option

option (third-person singular simple present options, present participle optioning, simple past and past participle optioned)

options (present singular third-person)
optioning (participle present)
optioned (participle past)
optioned (past)

From French option, from Latin optiō (“choice; option; act of choosing”), from optō (“I choose, select”). Equivalent to opt + -ion.

der

The device that is to echo the characters should be optioned for echoplexing.

1991, Martin D. Seyer, RS-232 made easy:

(computing, dated) To configure, by setting an option.


fragment

From Late Middle English fragment, from Latin fragmentum (“a fragment, remnant”), from frangō (“I break”) + -mentum.

(computing) An incomplete portion of code.


fragment

en-verb

fragment (third-person singular simple present fragments, present participle fragmenting, simple past and past participle fragmented)

fragments (present singular third-person)
fragmenting (participle present)
fragmented (participle past)
fragmented (past)

(transitive, computing) To break up and disperse (a file) into non-contiguous areas of a disk.


parity

en-noun

parity (countable and uncountable, plural parities)

From Middle French parité, from Late Latin paritas, from Latin pār (“equal”). Equivalent to pari- + -ty.

parita

math: classification into one set or the other

Senses related to classification into two sets.

(computing) The count of one bits in a value, reduced to even or odd or zero or one.


native

en-adj

native (comparative more native, superlative most native)

more native (comparative)
most native (superlative)

foreign

born or grown in the region in which it is found

Inherited from Middle English natif, from Old French natif, from Latin nātīvus, from nātus (“birth”). Doublet of naive and neif.

This is a native back-end to gather the latest news feeds.

The native integer size is sixteen bits.

cloud native, crypto native

(computing, of software) Pertaining to the system or architecture in question.

nativo

computing: pertaining to a particular system


block

→ Dutch: block

→ German: Block

→ Irish: bloc

→ Manx: block

→ Maori: poraka

→ Norwegian: blokk

→ Polish: blok

desctree

→ Russian: блок (blok)
→ Armenian: բլոկ (blok)
→ Yakut: блок (blok)

→ Spanish: block

→ Vietnamese: lốc

From Middle English blok (“log, stump, solid piece”), from Old French bloc (“log, block”), from Middle Dutch blok (“treetrunk”), from Old Dutch *blok (“log”), from Proto-West Germanic *blokk, from Proto-Germanic *blukką (“beam, log”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“thick plank, beam, pile, prop”). Cognate with Old Frisian blok, Old Saxon blok, Old High German bloh, bloc (“block”), Old English bolca (“gangway of a ship, plank”), Old Norse bǫlkr (“divider, partition”). More at balk. See also bloc, bulk.

طَابُوقَة

substantial often approximately cuboid piece

թաղամաս

group of buildings demarcated by streets

But there are many queen bee configurations in which the debris is neutralized, including placement of a block or eater near the bee's turnaround point, or placing two queen bees in a line or at right angles in various positions and phases.

1989 October 31, Scott Huddleston, “life: glider guns”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Perhaps the simplest puffer known is the following period 20 puffer based on the period 20 spaceship, which creates blocks.

1997 November 30, David Bell, “Day & Night - An Interesting Variant of Life (part 5/5)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Blocks have a couple of unusual properties: they are cleanly destroyed by an incoming glider on any one of six adjacent paths, and none of the possible collisions include any output gliders, so you can't get chain reactions.

2005 February 23, Dave Greene, “exist glider gun able of reconstruction in Life?”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

A substantial, often approximately cuboid, piece of any substance.

(cellular automata) In Conway's Game of Life, a still life consisting of four living cells arranged in a two-by-two square.

блок

residential building consisting of flats

Coordinate term: cluster

After one disk is mapped, the next block starts at address 0 on the next disk.

2003, Dilip M. Ranade, Shared Data Clusters, page 79:

A logical extent or region; a grouping or apportionment of like things treated together as a unit.

(computing) A logical data storage unit containing one or more physical sectors.

With a foreach block, you don't need to create an explicit counter variable.

2006, Matthew MacDonald, Beginning ASP.NET 2.0 in C# 2005: From Novice to Professional, page 49:

(programming) A region of code in a program that acts as a single unit, such as a function or loop.

блок

programming: region of code that acts as single unit

(cryptography) A fixed-length group of bits making up part of a message.

lohko

cryptography: fixed-length group of bits making up part of a message

The "Specials" block comprises the sixteen codepoints from U+FFF0 through U+FFFF.

(computing) A contiguous range of Unicode code points used to encode characters of a specific type; can be of any size evenly divisible by 16, up to 65,536 (a full plane).


block

en-verb

block (third-person singular simple present blocks, present participle blocking, simple past and past participle blocked)

blocks (present singular third-person)
blocking (participle present)
blocked (participle past)
blocked (past)

When the condition expression is false, the thread blocks on the condition variable.

Post is a “fire and forget” where the UI thread work is performed asynchronously; Send is synchronous in that the call blocks until the UI thread work has been performed.

2014, Richard Blewett, Andrew Clymer, Pro Asynchronous Programming with .NET, page 25:

(programming, intransitive) To wait for some condition to become true.


bake

bake (third-person singular simple present bakes, present participle baking, simple past baked or (dialectal) book, past participle baked or (dialectal) baken)

bakes (present singular third-person)
baking (participle present)
baked (past)
book (dialectal past)
baked (participle past)
baken (dialectal participle past)

From Middle English baken, from Old English bacan (“to bake”), from Proto-West Germanic *bakan, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną (“to bake”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g- (“to roast, bake”).
Cognate with West Frisian bakke (“to bake”), Dutch bakken (“to bake”), Low German backen (“to bake”), German backen (“to bake”), Norwegian Bokmål bake (“to bake”), Danish bage (“to bake”), Swedish baka (“to bake”), Ancient Greek φώγω (phṓgō, “roast”, verb).

paska

to make baked goods or something into bread

(computer graphics, transitive) To fix (lighting, reflections, etc.) as part of the texture of an object to improve rendering performance.


computer virus

en-noun

computer virus (plural computer viruses or (proscribed) computer viri or (rare, chiefly non-native speakers’ English) computer vira)

computer viruses (plural)
computer viri (plural proscribed)
computer vira (English plural rare)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-computer virus.wav

(computing) A program which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks and USB drives, often causing damage to systems and data.


character

character (countable and uncountable, plural characters)

→ Scottish Gaelic: caractar

From Middle English caracter, from Old French caractere, from Latin character, from Ancient Greek χαρακτήρ (kharaktḗr, “type, nature, character”), from χαράσσω (kharássō, “I engrave”). Doublet of charakter.

der

(countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.

karakter

(computing) basic element in a text string


monitor

From Latin monitor (“warner”), from perfect passive participle monitus (“warning”), from verb monere (“to warn, admonish, remind”). Warship sense is from USS Monitor, the first ship of this type.

The information flashed up on the monitor.

(computing) A device similar to a television set used as to give a graphical display of the output from a computer.

a machine code monitor

(computing) A program for viewing and editing.

computerskærm

computing: program for viewing and editing

command line interface
command line interface

(computing, obsolete) The command line interface of an operating system.


replete

en-adj

replete (comparative more replete, superlative most replete)

more replete (comparative)
most replete (superlative)

From Middle English replete (adjective) and repleten (verb), from Old French replet, from Latin repletus.

(category theory, of a subcategory S of C) Isomorphism-closed: Inheriting all the isomorphisms of C. Formally: such that for any isomorphism f in C, if f 's source is in S, then f and f 's target is also in S.


time travel

(databases) The ability to access previous states of a database.


wormhole

1590s. From worm + hole. In the scientific sense, introduced by John Archibald Wheeler in 1957.

(programming, slang) A location in a monitor program containing the address of a routine, allowing the user to substitute different functionality.


shortcut

There are shortcuts to some of my favourite applications on my desktop.

(computing, in the Microsoft family of operating systems) A file that points to the location of another file and serves as a quick way to access it.

keyboard shortcut
keyboard shortcut#English

(computing) Short for keyboard shortcut.


story

desctree

Sranan Tongo: tori
Aukan: toli
→ Dutch: tori

→ Welsh: stori

→ Persian: استوری (estori)

→ Portuguese: estória

From Middle English storie, storye, from Anglo-Norman estorie by aphesis. The Anglo-Norman word itself comes from Latin historia, a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἱστορίᾱ (historíā, “learning through research”). Doublet of history and storey.


inclusive or

(logic, computing) A logical connective joining two or more predicates that yields the logical value "true" when at least one of the predicates is true.

(computing) A bitwise operator that yields 1 when any of its operands is 1.


exclusive or

Exclusive disjunction
exclusive disjunction

(logic, computing) Exclusive disjunction: the use of or to indicate that of two predicates, one is true and one is false (without specifying which is which); contrasted with inclusive or, which does not imply that one must be false.

(logic, computing, more generally) Exclusive disjunction: the use of or to indicate that of two or more predicates, an odd number are true (without specifying which or how many); contrasted with inclusive or, which indicates only that one or more is true.

exclusive disjunction
exclusive disjunction

(logic, computing) An exclusive disjunction; the result of applying the above-described exclusive or to two or more predicates; contrasted with an inclusive or, which is the result of applying an inclusive or.


EPIC

w:explicitly parallel instruction computing

(computing) Acronym of explicitly parallel instruction computing.


hypercube

(computing) A data cube with more than three dimensions.

computer architecture
computer architecture

(computing) A computer architecture in which each processor is connected to n others, by analogy with a hypercube of n dimensions.


NP

en-noun

NP (countable and uncountable, plural NPs)

Another class, P, is a subset of NP, and includes all decision problems that can be solved by a (deterministic) Turing machine in polynomial time.

2017, Arlindo Oliveira, The Digital Mind: How Science Is Redefining Humanity, MIT Press, →ISBN, page 81:

(computing theory) Abbreviation of nondeterministic polynomial, the complexity class of computational problems that a nondeterministic Turing machine can solve in polynomial time.


pad

1554, "bundle of straw to lie on", probably from Low German or West Flemish pad (“sole of the foot”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to pass”), which would make it related to both path and find.

unk

probably

(cryptography) A random key (originally written on a disposable pad) of the same length as the plaintext.


page

→ Hindi: पेज (pej)

→ Japanese: ページ (pēji)

→ Korean: 페이지 (peiji)

Via Middle French from Latin pāgina, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-. Doublet of pagina.

To view man pages for a command: Type man followed by the name of the command (for example, man ls), and press Return. […] To view the next page: Press Spacebar. The manual advances one page (Figure 9).

2003, Maria Langer, Mac OS X 10.2 Advanced, page 44:

(computing) A screenful of text and possibly other content; especially, the digital simulation of one side of a paper leaf.

(computing) A block of contiguous memory of a fixed length.


parse

en-verb

parse (third-person singular simple present parses, present participle parsing, simple past and past participle parsed)

parses (present singular third-person)
parsing (participle present)
parsed (participle past)
parsed (past)

Possibly from Middle English pars (“parts, shares; parts of speech, grammar”), from Old French pars (plural of part (“part, portion, share”)), from Latin pars (“part, piece, share”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to carry forth; to sell”).

разобра́ть

синтакси́чески OR граммати́чески

(computing, transitive, intransitive) To split (a file or other input) into pieces of data that can be easily manipulated or stored.

(computing, transitive) To resolve (a string of code or text) into its elements to determine if it conforms to a particular grammar.

解析

(computing) to resolve (a string) into its elements to determine if it conforms to a particular grammar

This sentence doesn't parse.

(computing, linguistics, intransitive) Of a string of code or text, sentence, etc.: to conform to rules of grammar, to be syntactically valid.

jäsentyä

(computing, linguistics) to conform to rules of grammar


parse

The parse will fail if the program contains an unrecognised keyword.

(computing, linguistics) An act of parsing; a parsing.

ана́лиз

граммати́ческий OR синтакси́ческий

разбо́р

граммати́ческий OR синтакси́ческий

This parse is incorrect and indicates a fault in the parser.

(computing, linguistics) The result of such an act; a parsing.


patch

From Middle English patche, of uncertain origin. Perhaps an alteration of earlier Middle English placche (“patch, spot, piece of cloth”), from Old English *plæċċ, *pleċċ (“a spot, mark, patch”), from Proto-West Germanic *plakkju, from Proto-Germanic *plakjō (“spot, stain”). For the loss of l compare pat from Middle English platten. Germanic cognates would then include Middle English plecke, dialectal English pleck (“plot of ground, patch”), West Frisian plak (“place, spot”), Low German Plakk, Plakke (“spot, piece, patch”), Dutch plek (“spot, place, stain, patch”), Dutch plak (“piece, slab”), Swedish plagg (“garment”), Faroese plagg (“cloth, rag”).
Or, possibly a variant of Old French pieche, dialectal variant of piece (“piece”). Compare also Old Occitan petaç (“patch”).

tilkku

small piece of material used to clean a gun barrel

flejtuch

piece of greased cloth used to fit a rifle ball to the bore

Immediately following the incident Siemens commissioned a software patch that will allow units which protectively shut down below 49Hz to recover themselves without the need of a reboot or laptop when the frequency rises to 49.5Hz. At the beginning of September, this patch was being verified by Siemens software engineers at Erlangen in Germany.

2019 October, Roger Ford, “Power failure highlights specification confusion”, in Modern Railways, page 28:

(computing) A piece of executable code intended to replace part of a computer program in order to correct an error.

ъпде́йт

computing: piece of executable code for correcting an error


patch

en-verb

patch (third-person singular simple present patches, present participle patching, simple past and past participle patched)

patches (present singular third-person)
patching (participle present)
patched (participle past)
patched (past)

fliki

computing: update source code with a patch

(computing) To make the changes a patch describes; to apply a patch to the files in question. Hence:

To fix or improve a computer program without a complete upgrade.

To make a quick and possibly temporary change to a program.


LAN

/ˌɛl ˌeɪ ˈɛn/

Audio (US)

Audio (US)

A LAN connects all of the computers in our office.

local area network
local area network#English

(networking) Acronym of local area network.


vanilla

en-adj

vanilla (comparative more vanilla, superlative most vanilla)

more vanilla (comparative)
most vanilla (superlative)

Borrowed from Spanish vainilla, a diminutive form of vaina (“pod”). "plain" senses derive from the perceived plainness of vanilla ice cream.

vanilla JavaScript

BBCFiles is a BBC file converter that converts between some of the various types of files used by BBC emulators on Acorn & PC formats. It supports 6502Em style applications & scripts, /ssd dfs disc images (supporting watford double catalogue), vanilla directories, /zip of bbc files with /inf files (with limitations) and directory of bbc files with /inf files.

2001, Michael Foot, “BeebIt 0.32 and BBCFiles 0.29 released”, in comp.sys.acorn.announce (Usenet):

(colloquial, chiefly computing, retronym) Standard, plain, default, unmodified, basic.


paste

en-verb

paste (third-person singular simple present pastes, present participle pasting, simple past and past participle pasted)

pastes (present singular third-person)
pasting (participle present)
pasted (participle past)
pasted (past)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₁t-der.
Ancient Greek πάσσω (pássō)
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Ancient Greek -τός (-tós)
Ancient Greek παστός (pastós)
Ancient Greek παστά (pastá)bor.
Late Latin pasta
Old French pastebor.
Middle English paste
English paste
From Middle English paste, from Old French paste (modern pâte), from Late Latin pasta, from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá). Doublet of pasta. The verb is from the noun. Middle English had pasten (“to make a paste of; bake in a pastry”), also from the noun; compare Latin pistō and Medieval Latin pastillātus.

etymon

(transitive, computing) To insert a piece of media (e.g. text, picture, audio, video) previously copied or cut from somewhere else.


giant

/ˈd͡ʒʌɪ.ənt/

[ˈd͡ʒəɪ̯(ə)nt]

From Middle English geaunt, geant, from Old French geant, gaiant (Modern French géant) from Vulgar Latin *gagās, gagant-, from Latin gigās, gigant-, from Ancient Greek γίγας (gígas, “giant”) Cognate to giga- (“1,000,000,000”). Displaced native Old English ent. Compare Modern English ent (“giant tree-man”).

(computing) An Ethernet packet that exceeds the medium's maximum packet size of 1,518 bytes.


awk

Alfred Aho
Brian Kernighan
Peter Weinberger

From the initial letters of the surnames of its authors: Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger, and Brian Kernighan.

I used C, Perl, the Bourne shell, and some awk and tcl to implement these projects.

One thing awk is good for is picking out and possibly rearranging columns within command output.

2002, Æleen Frisch, Essential System Administration: Tools and Techniques for Linux and Unix Administration, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, →ISBN, page 77:

(computer languages) A Unix scripting language for text processing, or the command line interface itself.


palette

Borrowed from French palette. Doublet of pallet.

It would be extremely beneficial to have the right subassemblies with the parameters already set available on your tool palette.

2011, James Wedding, Dana Probert, Mastering AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009, page 394:

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(computing, graphical user interface) A visual selection of colours, tools, commands, etc.


golf

en-verb

golf (third-person singular simple present golfs, present participle golfing, simple past and past participle golfed)

golfs (present singular third-person)
golfing (participle present)
golfed (participle past)
golfed (past)

The word is first known in English from the 17th century as a borrowing from Middle Scots golf, gouff. Although the etymology is uncertain, the most likely origin is that it comes from the Middle Dutch colve, colf (“club”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kulbaz (“club”), related to German Kolben (“piston, rod”), Swedish kolv (“piston, rod”), Old English clopp (“rock; cliff”).

(computing) To write something in as few characters as possible (e.g. in code golf, regex golf)


drill down

drill down (third-person singular simple present drills down, present participle drilling down, simple past and past participle drilled down)

drills down (present singular third-person)
drilling down (participle present)
drilled down (participle past)
drilled down (past)

From the employee list, you can drill down to find addresses and pay history.

(idiomatic, software) To examine information at another level or in greater detail; especially in a database, to navigate to a more detailed level or record.

Clicking here lets you replace the annual sales data with monthly data, drilling down to help you track revenue.

(idiomatic, software) To replace data with more specific data.


mirror

From Middle English mirour, from Old French mireor (“mirror”, literally “looker, watcher”), from mirer (“look at”), from Latin mīror (“wonder at”), from mīrus (“wonderful”), from Proto-Indo-European *smey- (“to laugh, to be glad”). Displaced native Middle English schewere, schawere, from Old English sċēawere (“mirror”, literally “watcher”), which was also the word for "spy."

ncog

Although the content had been deleted from his blog, it was still found on some mirrors.

(computing, Internet) A disk, website or other resource that contains replicated data.


mirror

en-verb

mirror (third-person singular simple present mirrors, present participle mirroring, simple past and past participle mirrored)

mirrors (present singular third-person)
mirroring (participle present)
mirrored (participle past)
mirrored (past)

(computing, transitive) To create something identical to (a web site, etc.).

tükröz

(computing) to create something identical to (a web site, etc.)


skeleton

From New Latin sceleton, from Ancient Greek σκελετόν (skeletón), the neuter of σκελετός (skeletós, “dried up, withered, dried body, parched, mummy”), from σκέλλω (skéllō, “dry, dry up, make dry, parch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to parch, wither”); compare Ancient Greek σκληρός (sklērós, “hard”).

der

Coordinate term: stub

In remote method invocation, the client helper is a ‘stub’ and the service helper is a ‘skeleton’.

(computing, middleware) A client-helper procedure that communicates with a stub.


driver

desctree

→ Japanese: ドライバー (doraibā)
→ Hakka: 多拉把 (tô-lai-pá, tô-lai-pà, tò-lái-pà)
→ Hokkien: 螺賴把 /螺赖把 (lo͘-lài-bà)

→ Hokkien: 嚦峇 /呖峇 (lē-bā)

→ Scottish Gaelic: draibhear

From Middle English drivere, dryvere, dryvare, equivalent to drive + -er. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Drieuwer (“driver”), Dutch drijver (“driver”), German Low German Driever (“driver”), German Treiber (“driver”).

(computing) A device driver; a program that acts as an interface between an application and hardware, written specifically for the device it controls.

դրայվեր

program acting as interface between an application and hardware


range

Japanese: レンジ (renji)

Korean: 레인지 (reinji)

From Middle English rengen, from Old French rengier (“to range, to rank, to order,”), from the noun renc, reng, ranc, rang (“a rank, row”), from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle, curve”). Doublet of ring.

der

std::for_each calls the given function on each value in the input range.

(programming) A sequential list of values specified by an iterator.


alchemy

en-noun

alchemy (countable and uncountable, plural alchemies)

From Old French alkimie, arquemie (French alchimie), from Medieval Latin alchēmia, from Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ), from Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā, “art of alloying metals”), from χύμα (khúma, “ingot, bar”). Compare Spanish alquimia and Italian alchimia.

der

اَلْكِيمِيَاء

Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ)

(computing, slang, countable) Any elaborate transformation process or algorithm.


spaghetti

en-noun

spaghetti (usually uncountable, plural spaghettis)

The noun is borrowed from Italian spaghetti, the plural of spaghetto (“dish of spaghetti; (rare) strand of spaghetti”), from spago (“cord, string, twine; thread”) + -etto (diminutive suffix). Spago is derived from Latin spagus (“twine”), probably from Ancient Greek σφάκος (sphákos, “apple sage (Salvia pomifera)”), probably from Pre-Greek.
The verb is derived from the noun.

مَعْكَرُونَة

type of pasta made in the shape of long thin strings

spagetti

something physically resembling spaghetti (sense 1) in appearance or consistency, or in being tangled

(uncountable, figuratively, informal) Something confusing or intricate.

(programming, derogatory, informal) Ellipsis of spaghetti code (“unstructured or poorly structured program source code, especially code with many GOTO statements or their equivalent”).


cave

From Middle English cave, borrowed from Old French cave, from Latin cava (“cavity”), from cavus (“hollow”). Cognate with Tocharian B kor (“throat”), Albanian cup (“odd, uneven”), Ancient Greek κύαρ (kúar, “eye of needle, earhole”), Old Armenian սոր (sor, “hole”), Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “empty, barren, zero”). Displaced native Old English sċræf. More at cavum, cavus and cage.

cog

Once a code cave is created, you can execute it using either thread injection or thread hijacking. […] Additionally, you'd need to make sure that the cave properly cleans the stack.

2016, Nick Cano, Game Hacking: Developing Autonomous Bots for Online Games:


nest

From Middle English nest, nist, nyst, from Old English nest, from Proto-West Germanic *nest, from Proto-Germanic *nestą, from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”), literally "where [the bird] sits down", a compound of *ni (“down”) (whence also English nether) + the zero-grade of the root *sed- (“to sit”) (whence also English sit).

it's an ill bird that fouls its own nest

Subroutine 4 cannot jump out of the subroutine nest in one step. Each return address must be popped from the stack in the order in which it was pushed onto the stack.

1981, Donnamaie E. White, Bit-Slice Design: Controllers and ALU's, Garland STPM Press, →ISBN, page 49:

Our analysis to this point has assumed that in a loop nest, we are only parallelizing a single loop.

1993 August, Bwolen Yang et al., "Do&Merge: Integrating Parallel Loops and Reductions", in Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing (workshop proceedings), Springer (1994), page 178

(computing) A structure consisting of nested structures, such as nested loops or nested subroutine calls.


silo

From Spanish silo, of unclear origin. See Spanish silo for more.

Our networking is organized in silos, and employees lose time manually transferring data.

(derogatory, informatics) A structure in the information system that is poorly networked with other structures, with data exchange hampered.

(computing) In Microsoft Windows operating systems, a kernel object for isolating groups of threads.


mnemonic

Noun sense 1 (“something used to help in remembering a thing”) is borrowed from Latin mnēmonicum (“something used to help in remembering a thing”), from Ancient Greek μνημονικόν (mnēmonikón, “something used to help in remembering a thing”), a noun use of the neuter form of μνημονῐκός (mnēmonĭkós, adjective): see etymology 1. Noun sense 3 (“synonym of mnemonics”) is borrowed from Late Latin mnemonica, a noun use of the feminine form of mnemonicus: see etymology 1.
Cognates
* French mnémonique (noun)
* German Mnemonik
* Italian mnemonica
* Portuguese mnemónico

crib

collection of quotes or references for use in speaking, for assembling a written document, or as an aid to a project of some sort

(computing) The human-readable, textual form of an assembly language instruction, not including operands.


beep

(computing) Synonym of bell (“bell character”).


exploit

From Old French esploit (noun), esploitier (verb).

One of the more publicized cases that involved a zero-day exploit concerned the compromise of some U.S. military web servers. The attack involved exploiting a buffer overflow vulnerability in a core Windows component; […]

2004, Rob Shein, Zero-Day Exploit: Countdown to Darkness, Syngress, →ISBN, page xxi:

For example, you can create PE files that are valid PDF exploits or valid ZIP files, valid JPG files, and so on.

2015, Joxean Koret, Elias Bachaalany, The Antivirus Hacker's Handbook, page 148:

(computing) A program or technique that exploits a vulnerability in other software.


inflate

en-verb

inflate (third-person singular simple present inflates, present participle inflating, simple past and past participle inflated)

inflates (present singular third-person)
inflating (participle present)
inflated (participle past)
inflated (past)

From Latin īnflātus, perfect passive participle of īnflō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of inblow.

(transitive, computing) To decompress (data) that was previously deflated.


deflate

deflate (third-person singular simple present deflates, present participle deflating, simple past and past participle deflated)

deflates (present singular third-person)
deflating (participle present)
deflated (participle past)
deflated (past)

From de- + (in)flate. Coined in 1891, in reference to balloons. Equivalent to Latin dē- (“away, from”) + Latin flō (“blow”) + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

af

Never had a problem, guess I've never had to deflate multiple files!

2003, Alan D Johnson, “unzip utility on HPUX”, in comp.sys.hp.hpux (Usenet):

(transitive, computing) To compress (data) according to a particular algorithm.


database

→ Danish: database

→ Dutch: database

→ Hindi: डेटाबेस (ḍeṭābes)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: database

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: database

The "books" database will have three tables, and the "customers" database will have two tables.

(computing) A set of tables and other objects (queries, reports, forms) in the form of a structured data set.

Which database do you use: MySQL or Oracle?

(computing, loosely, metonymically) A software program (application) for storing, retrieving and manipulating such a structured data set.

(computing, loosely, metonymically) A combination of such data sets and the programs for using them.


whack

Uncertain. Originally Scottish; probably onomatopoeic, but compare Middle English thakken < Old English þaccian (whence Modern thwack by conflation with whack). Sense 6 of the verb is likely a semantic loan from Malay hentam (“to strike; to do something carelessly”).

sl

del c:\docs\readme.txt
Delete c colon whack docs whack readme dot text.

(slang, computing, typography) The backslash, ⟨ \ ⟩.


chatty

en-adj

chatty (comparative chattier, superlative chattiest)

chattier (comparative)
chattiest (superlative)

From chat (“informal conversation”) + -y.

Chatty error messages may help attackers to compromise your server.

(computing) Supplying more information than necessary; verbose.


dock

From early modern English "area of mud in which a ship can rest at low tide, dock", borrowed from Dutch dok (“dock”) or Middle Low German docke (“dock, ship's dock”), both from Middle Dutch docke (“port, harbour, roadstead”), of uncertain origin. The original sense may have been "the furrow a grounded vessel makes in a mud bank". Compare modern Dutch dok, modern German Low German Dock, West Frisian dok, German Dock, Danish dok, Swedish docka.
Some sources link this word to an unattested Middle Dutch *docke (“watercourse, trench, canal”), which is a ghost word, only being inferred from Mediaeval Latin documents in the form of ducta, doctus, doccia (“conduit, canal”). However, if this theory is correct, then it would relate the word to Italian doccia (“drainpipe”), making dock a doublet of douche and duct.
An alternative theory ties Middle Dutch docke to a North Germanic/Scandinavian source, notably Old Norse dǫkk (“depression in the landscape, pit, pool, trench”), related to Norwegian dokk (“hollow, low ground”), Old Icelandic dökk, dökð (“pit, pool”), Swedish dank (“marshy ground”). If so, this would make dock a doublet of dank.

der

(graphical user interface) A toolbar that provides the user with a way of launching applications by their icons, and switching between running applications.

任務欄 /任务栏

toolbar for launching and switching between applications


dock

en-verb

dock (third-person singular simple present docks, present participle docking, simple past and past participle docked)

docks (present singular third-person)
docking (participle present)
docked (participle past)
docked (past)

(transitive, graphical user interface) To drag a user interface element (such as a toolbar) to a position on screen where it snaps into place.


stitch

stitch (third-person singular simple present stitches, present participle stitching, simple past and past participle stitched)

stitches (present singular third-person)
stitching (participle present)
stitched (participle past)
stitched (past)

From Middle English sticchen, stichen, from Old English *stiċċan, stiċċian, from Proto-Germanic *stikjaną (“to stab, stick, prick”), influenced by the noun (see above).

inh

I can use this software to stitch together a panorama.

To include, combine, or unite into a single whole.

(computer graphics) To combine two or more photographs of the same scene into a single image.


sysop

(computing, Internet) A system operator, especially someone who administers an online communications system or bulletin board.


Alice

From Middle English Alice, from Old French Alys, Alice, from Old High German Adalheidis, proposed to derive from Proto-Germanic *aþalaz (“noble”) + *haiduz (“character”). Doublet of Adelaide.

af

Alice sends the message, "I am Alice," to Bob. Bob chooses a nonce, N and sends it to Alice. Alice encrypts the nonce using Alice and Bob's symmetric secret key, K#95;#123;A-B#125;, and sends the encrypted nonce, K#95;#123;A-B#125;(N) back to Bob.

1978, V.S. Bagad, I.A. Dhotre, Computer Networks, Technical Publications, →ISBN:

Alice opens her lantern, Bob opens his the instant he sees Alice's, and Alice notes the time T that passes between the moment she opens hers and the moment she sees the light returning to her from Bob's.

2009, N. David Mermin, It's About Time: Understanding Einstein's Relativity, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 19:

(cryptography, physics) The person or system that sends a message to another person or system conventionally known as Bob.


oblique

en-verb

oblique (third-person singular simple present obliques, present participle obliquing, simple past and past participle obliqued)

obliques (present singular third-person)
obliquing (participle present)
obliqued (participle past)
obliqued (past)

From Middle French oblique, from Latin oblīquus (also spelled oblīcus) (“slanting, sideways, indirect, envious”).

uder

(transitive, computing) To slant (text, etc.) at an angle.


puck

→ Danish: puck

→ German: Puck

→ Swedish: puck

From or influenced by Irish poc (“stroke in hurling, bag”). Compare poke (1861).

(computing) A pointing device with a crosshair.


messenger

From Middle English messengere, messingere, messangere, from Old French messanger, a variant of Old French messagier (French messager), equivalent to message + -er. Doublet of messager.
Displaced native Old English boda (“messenger, envoy”) and ǣrendraca (“messenger, ambassador”).
For the replacement of -ager with -enger, -inger, -anger, compare passenger, harbinger, scavenger, porringer. This development may have been merely the addition of n, or it may have resulted due to contamination from other suffixes such as Middle English -ing and the rare Old French -ange, -enc, -inge, -inghe (“-ing”) for Old French -age (“-age”).

The 4 primary messengers include ^([sic]) AOL Instant Messenger, ICQ, Yahoo! Messenger, and MSN Messenger.

2006, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Sexual exploitation of children over the Internet, page 395:

Have them meet you on your favorite messenger program. IMs provide a means of instant chat without waiting on someone to respond back to you.

2010, Tim Collins, A Woman's Guide to Internet Dating, A Male Perspective, page 49:

(computing) An instant messenger program.


protocol

en-noun

protocol (countable and uncountable, plural protocols)

/ˈpɹəʊtəˌkɒl/

Borrowed from Middle French protocolle, protocole (“document, record”), from Late Latin protocollum (“the first sheet of a volume (on which contents and errata were written)”), from Byzantine Greek πρωτόκολλον (prōtókollon, “first sheet glued onto a manuscript”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). Doublet of collage, collagen, and colloid.

doublet

Moloch passed the message to the Behemoth / Whose master passed it on to Zebedee / It was sent by Internet, by obscure protocols / To its recipient, the delicious Miss Gee

2001, “More Shopping”, in Discosis, performed by Bran Van 3000 ft. Momus:

An exception is Jabber, which is designed based on an open protocol called the extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP).

2006, Zheng & Ni, Smart Phone and Next-Generation Mobile Computing, p. 444

Founders of those kinds of platforms argue that they are just building a “protocol” ultimately led by a community of users, with the computer code effectively running the show.

2021 September 5, Eric Lipton, Ephrat Livni, “Crypto’s Rapid Move Into Banking Elicits Alarm in Washington”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(computing) A set of formal rules describing how to transmit or exchange data, especially across a network.


section

From Middle English seccioun, from Old French section, from Latin sectiō (“cutting, cutting off, excision, amputation of diseased parts of the body, etc.”), from sectus, past participle of secāre (“to cut”). More at saw.

разрэ́з

surgery: incision or the act of making an incision

A cross-section (image that shows an object as if cut along a plane).

(generalizing the topology sense, algebra, category theory) A right inverse of a morphism in some category


dispatch

en-verb

dispatch (third-person singular simple present dispatches, present participle dispatching, simple past and past participle dispatched)

dispatches (present singular third-person)
dispatching (participle present)
dispatched (participle past)
dispatched (past)

Cuthbert Tunstall
Samuel Johnson
dispatch

From Spanish despachar or Italian dispacciare, replacing alternate reflex depeach, which is from French dépêcher. The first known use in writing (in the past tense, spelled as dispached) is by Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall in 1517. This would be unusually early for a borrowing from a Romance language other than French, but Tunstall had studied in Italy and was Commissioner to Spain, so this word may have been borrowed through diplomatic circles. The alternative spelling despatch was introduced in Samuel Johnson's dictionary, probably by accident.

These handlers perform any additional checking and processing that may be necessary before and after a message is dispatched to an object. In addition, some message types are handled internally by the kernel[…]

2004, Peter Gutmann, Cryptographic Security Architecture: Design and Verification, page 102:

(transitive, computing) To pass on for further processing, especially via a dispatch table (often with to).


dispatch

en-noun

dispatch (countable and uncountable, plural dispatches)

(computing) The passing on of a message for further processing, especially through a dispatch table.


frame

→ Korean: 프레임 (peureim)

→ Swahili: fremu

From Middle English frame (“profit, benefit, advantage; a structure composed according to a plan”), from the verb (above) and also from Old Norse frami (“advantage, fame, bravery, efficiency, privilege, honor”); and frame (“a framework or structure of any kind”) which is of uncertain origin. The latter is usually regarded as a derivative of former; however, compare the rare Anglo-Norman and Old French frame, fraine (“frame, framework”), itself of uncertain origin, which might be a borrowing from the English, from the Norse, or even possibly ultimately from Frankish *hramu (“frame”) related to Dutch raam (“window frame”).

der

(networking) An independent chunk of data sent over a network.

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence

(computing) A form of knowledge representation in artificial intelligence.


grip

en-noun

grip (countable and uncountable, plural grips)

From Middle English grippe, gripe, an amalgam of Old English gripe (“grasp, hold”) (cognate with German Griff) and Old English gripa (“handful”) (cognate with Swedish grepp).

en:GUI component for resizing, moving, etc

(graphical user interface) A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved.


IM

IM (countable and uncountable, plural IMs)

information management
w:information management

(computing) Initialism of information management.


zombie

First attested in 1871.
From a Bantu language. Compare Kongo nzambi (“god”), zumbi (“fetish”), and Kimbundu nzumbi (“ghost”) (see Portuguese zumbi), and Caribbean folklore's jumbee (“a spirit or demon”).
Origin from Spanish sombra (“shadow, phantom”) has also been suggested.
May have come through Louisiana Creole [Term?]. See also French zombi (1832).

1986, Maurice J. Bach, The Design of the Unix Operating System, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA, See "Process States and Transitions," p. 147.
9. The process executed the exit system call and is in the zombie state. The process no longer exists, but it leaves a record containing an exit code and some timing statistics for its parent process to collect. The zombie state is the final state of a process.

(computing) A process or task which has terminated but has not been removed from the list of processes, typically because it has an unresponsive parent process.

(computing) A computer affected by malware which causes it to do whatever the attacker wants it to do without the user's knowledge.


relocatable

en-adj

relocatable (comparative more relocatable, superlative most relocatable)

more relocatable (comparative)
most relocatable (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-relocatable.wav

(computing, of a machine code routine) That functions identically at any address in memory.

færanlegur

computing: that functions identically at any address in memory


normal

normal (comparative normaler or more normal, superlative normalest or most normal)

normaler (comparative)
more normal (comparative)
normalest (superlative)
most normal (superlative)

From Latin normālis (“made according to a carpenter's square; later: according to a rule”), from nōrma (“carpenter's square”), of uncertain origin; doublet of normale. The earliest meaning of the word in English was "perpendicular; forming a right angle" like something normālis (“made according to a carpenter's square”), but by Late Latin normālis had also come to mean "according to a rule", from which modern English senses of the word derive: in the 1800s, as people began to quantitatively study things like height, weight and blood pressure, the usual or most common values came to be called "normal", and by extension values regarded as healthy or desirable came to be called "normal" regardless of their usuality.

der

According to norms or rules or to a regular pattern.

(mathematics) Adhering to or being what is considered natural or regular in a particular field or context:

(category theory) Being (as a morphism) or containing (as a category) only normal epimorphism(s) or monomorphism(s), that is, those which are the kernel or cokernel of some morphism, respectively.


bleep censor

(computing) A software module, manually operated by a broadcast technician, putting a five-second broadcast delay on the live content, providing time to censor the audio (and video) feed, and used to censor out what many consider "inappropriate" audio content during a live broadcast signal and replace it with a bleep signal.


load

The sense of “burden” first arose in the 13th century as a secondary meaning of Middle English lode, loade, which had the main significance of “way, course, journey”, from Old English lād (“course, journey; way, street, waterway; leading, carrying; maintenance, support”) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laidō (“leading, way”), Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to go, go forth, die”).
Cognate with Middle Low German leide (“entourage, escort”), German Leite (“line, course, load”), Swedish led (“way, trail, line”), Icelandic leið (“way, course, route”)). As such, load is a doublet of lode, which has preserved the older meaning.
Most likely, the semantic extension of the Middle English substantive arose by conflation with the (etymologically unrelated) verb lade; however, Middle English lode occurs only as a substantive; the transitive verb load (“to charge with a load”) is recorded only in the 16th century (frequently in Shakespeare),
and (except for the participle laden) has largely supplanted lade in modern English.

cog

All of those uncompressed images are going to slow down the page load.

This description represents a form of delay slot: the load operation takes some time to complete, say n cycles. Thus, the value loaded only becomes valid n cycles after the load seems to have executed and can therefore only be read after then.

2009, Daniel Page, A Practical Introduction to Computer Architecture, page 614:

(computing) The process of loading something, i.e. transferring it into memory or over a network, etc.


load

en-verb

load (third-person singular simple present loads, present participle loading, simple past loaded, past participle loaded or (archaic) loaden)

loads (present singular third-person)
loading (participle present)
loaded (past)
loaded (participle past)
loaden (archaic participle past)

Click OK to load the selected data.

(transitive, computing) To read (data or a program) from a storage medium into computer memory.

This program takes an age to load.

(intransitive, computing) To transfer from a storage medium into computer memory.

yüklənmək

intransitive: to transfer from a storage medium into memory


selection

en-noun

selection (countable and uncountable, plural selections)

From Latin sēlēctiō (“the act of choosing out, selection”), from sēlēctus, perfect passive participle of sēligō (“choose out, select”), from sē- (“apart”) + legō (“gather, select”).

der

(databases) A set of data obtained from a database using a query.

(programming) A list of items on which user operations will take place. ᵂᵖ


fuzzy

en-adj

fuzzy (comparative fuzzier, superlative fuzziest)

fuzzier (comparative)
fuzziest (superlative)

Uncertain. Apparently from fuzz + -y, though some sources suggest that fuzz derives from fuzzy. Compare fozy, or Low German fussig (“loose; spongy”).

(computing theory) Employing or relating to fuzzy logic.


shade

en-verb

shade (third-person singular simple present shades, present participle shading, simple past and past participle shaded)

shades (present singular third-person)
shading (participle present)
shaded (participle past)
shaded (past)

From Middle English schaden, from the noun.

(transitive, graphical user interface) To reduce (a window) so that only its title bar is visible.


cooked

en-adj

cooked (comparative more cooked, superlative most cooked)

more cooked (comparative)
most cooked (superlative)

more than someone has had cooked dinners

(computing, slang, of an MP3 audio file) Corrupted by conversion through a text format, requiring uncooking to be properly listenable.


cooked mode

(computing) The mode of a device driver in which input data is processed or preprocessed.


support

en-noun

support (countable and uncountable, plural supports)

From Middle English support, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French support. Displaced Old English wraþu.

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

This game has no mouse support.

(computing) Compatibility and functionality for a given product or feature.

-tuki (e.g. onko siinä hiirituki?)

compatibility and functionality for a given product or feature


population

Borrowed from Late Latin populatio (“a people, multitude”), as if a noun of action from Classical Latin populus. Doublet of poblacion.

bor+

invånarantal (often expressed as "har X invånare" instead)

This is one of several known "sawtooth" patterns, in which the population is unbounded but does not tend to infinity.

1996 December 16, Dean Hickerson, “What is his name ?”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Since unoccupied cells never send a message they never access their neighbors and so if the population of the arena is, say, 20% of the total area then 80% of time no neighbor cells need to be accessed at all leading 1/9th as many array accesses and computation speeds up to 9 times faster per generation.

2003 February 28, fiziwig, “Fast GOL alogrithm that doesn't examine neighbors.”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

End population was 101,764 cells, but with some significant spikes and drops along the way.

2008 May 31, Dave Greene, “Life: B37/S23 - A Chaotic Universe.”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

A count of the number of residents within a political or geographical boundary such as a town, a nation or the world.

(cellular automata) The number of living cells in a pattern.

John clicked the Search button and waited for the population of the list to complete.

(computing) The act of filling initially empty items in a collection.


resident

en-adj

resident (comparative more resident, superlative most resident)

more resident (comparative)
most resident (superlative)

From Middle English resident, from Anglo-Norman resident, from Latin residēns, present participle of resideō (“to remain behind, reside, dwell”), equivalent to reside + -ent, from re- (“back”) + sedeō (“I sit”). Doublet of resiant and rezident. The espionage sense is a semantic loan from Russian резиде́нт (rezidént).

semantic loan

(computing, of memory) Currently loaded into RAM; contrasted with virtual memory.


store

From Middle English store, stoure, storre, from Anglo-Norman stor, estore, estorr, estoer, and Old French estour, estor, from Latin īnstaurō.

The main store of 1000 36-bit words seemed large at the time.


store

en-verb

store (third-person singular simple present stores, present participle storing, simple past and past participle stored)

stores (present singular third-person)
storing (participle present)
stored (participle past)
stored (past)

This operation stores the result on the stack.

(transitive, computing) To write (something) into memory or registers.

һаҡлау

computing: write (something) into memory or registers


neighborhood

en-noun

neighborhood (countable and uncountable, plural neighborhoods)

From an alteration of earlier neighborred (“neighborhood”), from Middle English neȝeburredde, neheborreden, equivalent to neighbor + -red; the term being interpreted as neighbor + -hood. For change in suffix (-red to -hood), compare brotherhood.
Cognates
Dutch nabijheid (common in modern language), Dutch naburigheid (uncommon in modern language).

veïnat

topology: set containing an open set which contains some specified point

vizinhança

topology: set containing an open ball which contains a specified point

In fact, it looks at the number of states and the neighborhood of the rule (determined by the filename), and decides whether to make it a lookup-table, or a "computed-function" rule.

1990 July 9, David Hiebeler, “Languages for programming cellular automata”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Universal: Is able to simulate other CA, the neighborhood size may be limited but the number of cell value should be unlimited (big neighborhoods can be transformed into multivalued cells).

2005 September 7, IzI, “reversible universal 1D CA?”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

I've seen this space colloqually referred to as MAP (presumably since it maps a 3x3 neighborhood into a future cell state), or more precisely and if you want to be pedantic, since there are a lot of variants of cellular automata: 2D Range-1 Moore neighborhood 2-state (non-totalistic) cellular automata (regular euclidean grid implied, although some people explore toroidal configurations, nonstandard tilings, or arbitrary graphs).

2022 February 11, Mateon1, “Game of Life with real 8 neighbors”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

(graph theory) The set of all the vertices adjacent to a given vertex.

(cellular automata) The set of all cells near a given cell used to determine that cell's state in the next generation.


tag

From Middle English tagge (“small piece hanging from a garment”), probably of North Germanic origin. Compare Norwegian tagg (“point; prong; barb; tag”), Swedish tagg (“thorn; prickle; tine”), Icelandic tág (“a willow-twig”). Compare also tack.

cog

The <title> tag provides a title for the Web page.

The <sarcasm> tag conveys sarcasm in Internet slang.

(computing) A piece of markup representing an element in a markup language.

I want to add genre and artist tags to the files in my music collection.

(computing) A keyword, term, or phrase associated with or assigned to data, media, and/or information enabling keyword-based classification; often used to categorize content.

tagi

computing: keyword, term, or phrase associated with or assigned to data, media, and/or information


tag

en-verb

tag (third-person singular simple present tags, present participle tagging, simple past and past participle tagged)

tags (present singular third-person)
tagging (participle present)
tagged (participle past)
tagged (past)

I am tagging my music files by artist and genre.

(transitive, computing) To mark with a tag (metadata for classification).


affinity

en-noun

affinity (countable and uncountable, plural affinities)

From Middle English affinite, from Old French affinité. Ostensibly equivalent to affine + -ity.

(computing) A tendency to keep a task running on the same processor in a symmetric multiprocessing operating system to reduce the frequency of cache misses.


vend

en-verb

vend (third-person singular simple present vends, present participle vending, simple past and past participle vended)

vends (present singular third-person)
vending (participle present)
vended (participle past)
vended (past)

From French vendre, from Old French vendre, from Latin vendere, from vēnum (“(something for) sale”) + dare (“to give”).

As you've seen, vending FO documents is pretty straightforward from WebObjects. It is just like vending HTML, XHTML, or SVG.

2002, Ravi Mendis, WebObjects Developer's Guide, Sams Publishing, →ISBN, page 289:

(programming, transitive, uncommon) To provide or export functionality, especially from an API.


delay

en-noun

delay (countable and uncountable, plural delays)

→ Portuguese: delay

From Middle English delaien, borrowed from Anglo-Norman delaier, Old French deslaier, from des- + Old French laier (“to leave”), a conflation of Old Frankish *lattjan ("to delay, hinder"; from Proto-Germanic *latjaną (“to delay, hinder, stall”), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁d- (“to leave, leave behind”)), and Old Frankish *laibijan ("to leave"; from Proto-Germanic *laibijaną (“to leave, cause to stay”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to remain, continue”)). Doublet of dally.
Akin to Old English latian (“to delay, hesitate”), Old English latu (“a delay, a hindrance”), Old English lǣfan (“to leave”). More at let (to hinder), late, leave.

cog

(programming, Clojure) Synonym of promise (“object representing delayed result”)


flop

A variant capitalization of FLOP, a syllabic acronym of floating-point operations.

The gigaflop supercomputers of today are almost useless. What is needed is a teraflop machine. That’s a machine that can run at a trillion flops, a trillion floating-point operations per second, or roughly a thousand times as fast as Cray Y-MP8.

1992 March 2, Richard Preston, “The Mountains of Pi”, in The New Yorker:

(computing) One floating-point operation per second, a unit of measure of processor speed.

The Correlator can perform 750 billion ‘flops’, or simple calculations, per second.

floating-point operation
floating-point operation#English

(computing) Abbreviation of floating-point operation.


diskette

→ Portuguese: disquete

From disk + -ette, by analogy with cassette.

(computing) A small, flexible, magnetic disk for storage and retrieval of data.

(computer hardware, dated) An 8-inch floppy disk.


floppy disk

→ Italian: floppy disk

→ Japanese: フロッピーディスク (furoppī disuku)

→ Korean: 플로피 디스크 (peullopi diseukeu)

→ Welsh: disg hyblyg (calque)

A hacker starts with nothing but a dream and a floppy disk and presently finds himself in a business that's doubled and trebled.

1984, Venture (volume 6, part 1, page 142)

The floppy disk itself is a magnetically coated flexible plastic disk which is mounted in a protective envelope and can be used as a mass data storage medium.

1994, Alexander John Anderson, Foundations of Computer Technology, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 107:

(computer hardware) A removable disk used for storing digital data, measuring between 2 and 8 inches diagonally and storing between 80 KB and 240 MB.

قُرْص مَرِن

flexible disk used for storing digital data


slot

From Middle English slot, from Old French esclot, likely from Old Norse slóð (“track”). As a gambling machine, via clipping of slot machine. Compare sleuth. The scheduling (calendar) sense is by a metaphor whereby the time span is equated with the segment of a page or part of a device that represents it.

The game offers four save slots.

(computing) A space in memory or on disk etc. in which a particular type of object can be stored.


deprecate

en-verb

deprecate (third-person singular simple present deprecates, present participle deprecating, simple past and past participle deprecated)

deprecates (present singular third-person)
deprecating (participle present)
deprecated (participle past)
deprecated (past)

From Latin dēprecātus, past participle of dēprecārī (“to pray against (a present or impending evil), pray for, intercede for (that which is in danger), rarely imprecate”), from dē- (“off”) + precārī (“to pray”).

The 'bold' tag has been deprecated in favour of the 'strong' tag.

It is still supported but strongly deprecated.

A deprecated function works in the currently released version of Perl 5 but may not be supported in future releases of Perl 5.

2003, Dave Evans et al., Perl, CGI, and JavaScript Complete, Sybex, →ISBN:

(transitive, chiefly computing) To declare something obsolescent; to recommend against a function, technique, command, etc. that still works but has been replaced.


loaf

→ Bengali: লোফ (lōph)

→ Marshallese: ļoob

→ Norwegian Bokmål: loff

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: loff

→ Scottish Gaelic: lofa

* From Middle English lof, laf, from Old English hlāf (“bread, loaf of bread”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlaib, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz (“bread, loaf”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Old English hlifian (“to stand out prominently, tower up”). Cognate with Scots laif (“loaf”), German Laib (“loaf”), Swedish lev (“loaf”), Russian хлеб (xleb, “bread, loaf”), Polish chleb (“bread”); as a borrowing, Finnish leipä (“bread”), Estonian leib (“black bread”). Doublet of chleb and khleb.
* (brain or head): Rhyming slang, shortened from "loaf of bread".

cog

It runs for 17331 generations before stabilizing as 136 blinkers, 109 blocks, 65 beehives, 18 loaves, 18 boats, 7 ships, 4 tubs, 3 ponds, 2 toads, and 40 gliders.

1989 November 20, Dean Hickerson, “Life: glider gun origin”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

Running a LWSS into it can produce various debris. One of these reactions produces a loaf. When the loaf is properly hit with other LWSSs, it can be pulled backwards.

1992 September 10, David Bell, “Spaceships in Conway's Life (Part 3b)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

I am looking for the smallest ancestor of the following four loaf pattern in Conway's Game of Life:

1998 January 27, Ian Osgood, “Life: looking for smallest ancestor of a quad-loaf”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

(cellular automata) A particular still life configuration with seven living cells.


resolve

en-verb

resolve (third-person singular simple present resolves, present participle resolving, simple past and past participle resolved)

resolves (present singular third-person)
resolving (participle present)
resolved (participle past)
resolved (past)

From Middle English resolven, from Old French resolver, a learned borrowing of Latin resolvō (“loosen, thaw, melt, resolve”), equivalent to re- + solve. Piecewise doublet of re-solve.

sulattaa

to melt; to dissolve; to liquefy or soften

(computing) To find the IP address of a hostname, or the entity referred to by a symbol in source code; to look up.


formation

en-noun

formation (countable and uncountable, plural formations)

/fɔːˈmeɪʃən/

/fɔɹˈmeɪʃən/

/foːˈmæɪʃən/

From Middle English formacioun, formation, borrowed from Old French formacion, from Latin fōrmātiō, from fōrmō (“form”, verb); see form as verb.
Morphologically form + -ation

(category theory) A structure made of two categories, two functors from the first to the second category, and a transformation from one of the functors to the other.


baz

Suppose we have three objects, foo, bar and baz.

metasyntactic variable
metasyntactic variable#English

(programming) A metasyntactic variable used to stand for some unspecified entity; typically the third in a series after foo and bar.


immutable

From Middle English immutable, from Latin immūtābilis (“unchangeable”); im- + mutable.

Constants are immutable.

(programming, of a variable) Not able to be altered in the memory after its value is set initially.


bin

bin (countable and uncountable, plural bins)


realm

From Middle English rewme, realme, reaume, from Old French reaume, realme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen (“domain, kingdom”), Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is usually cited.
The modern pronunciation with /l/ is either a spelling pronunciation or influenced by the etymology.

(computing) A scope of operation in networking or security.


fabric

fabric (countable and uncountable, plural fabrics)

→ Irish: fabraic

Borrowed from French fabrique, from Latin fabrica (“a workshop, art, trade, product of art, structure, fabric”), from faber (“artisan, workman”). Doublet of forge, borrowed from Old French.

der

The Internet is a fabric of computers connected by routers.

(computing) Interconnected nodes that look like a textile fabric when diagrammed.

verkko

computing: interconnected nodes that look like a textile fabric when diagrammed


soft

en-adj

soft (comparative softer, superlative softest)

softer (comparative)
softest (superlative)

hard

antonym(s) of “giving way under pressure”

firm

antonym(s) of “lacking strength or resolve”

From Middle English softe, from Old English sōfte, alteration of earlier sēfte (“soft”), from Proto-West Germanic *samft(ī) (“level, even, smooth, soft, gentle”) (compare *sōmiz (“agreeable, fitting”)), from Proto-Indo-European *semptio-, *semtio-, from *sem- (“one, whole”). Cognate with West Frisian sêft (“gentle; soft”), Dutch zacht (“soft”), German Low German sacht (“soft”), German sanft (“soft, yielding”), Old Norse sœmr (“agreeable, fitting”), samr (“same”). More at seem, same.

inh

Press the red button on the soft phone to hang up.

(computing) Emulated with software; not physically real.


soft

en-noun

soft (countable and uncountable, plural softs)

Sega and third-party licensees are set to release an abundance of softs that range from intense shooters to sports to reflex-testers.

December 1989, Electronic Gaming Monthly

(countable, computing, dated, nonstandard, rare) A piece of software.


sticky

en-adj

sticky (comparative stickier, superlative stickiest)

stickier (comparative)
stickiest (superlative)

We should make the printing direction sticky so the user doesn't have to keep setting it.

(computing, informal, of a setting) Persistent.

predeterminado

persistent across multiple incarnations of a widget

(computing, of a window) Appearing on all virtual desktops.


define

From Middle English definen, from Old French definer, variant of definir, from Latin dēfīniō (“limit, settle, define”), from dē + fīniō (“set a limit, bound, end”).

From the computer programming perspective, Java looks like C and C++ while discarding the overwhelming complexities of those languages, such as typedefs, defines, preprocessor, unions, pointers, and multiple inheritance.

1996, James Gosling, Henry McGilton, The Java Language Environment:

Anyone who has attempted to do OO programming in a conventional language using defines will find out that it is impossible to realize the benefits easily, if at all, without compiler support.

1999, Ian Joyner, Objects unencapsulated: Java, Eiffel, and C++, page 309:

(programming) A kind of macro in source code that replaces one text string with another wherever it occurs.

define-makro

macro that replaces one text string with another


non-maskable interrupt

en-noun

non-maskable interrupt (plural non-maskable interrupts)

non-maskable interrupts (plural)
NMI (abbreviation)

(computing) A hardware-level interrupt that cannot be masked by software, such as a memory parity error.


nugatory

en-adj

nugatory (comparative more nugatory, superlative most nugatory)

more nugatory (comparative)
most nugatory (superlative)

(computing) Removable from a computer program with safety, but harmless if retained.


roll

en-verb

roll (third-person singular simple present rolls, present participle rolling, simple past and past participle rolled)

rolls (present singular third-person)
rolling (participle present)
rolled (participle past)
rolled (past)

From Middle English rollen, partly from Old French roller, roler, röeler, röoler, from Medieval Latin rotulāre (“to roll; to revolve”), from Latin rotula (“a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”); partly from Anglo-Latin rollāre, from the same ultimate source.

rol

to cause something to revolve by turning over and over

rol

to move, or cause to be moved, upon rollers or small wheels

(dice games, intransitive) To throw dice.

(computing) To generate a random number.

To throw dice.
To generate a random number.


verbose

en-adj

verbose (comparative more verbose, superlative most verbose)

more verbose (comparative)
most verbose (superlative)

From Latin verbōsus (“prolix, wordy, verbose”) + English -ose (suffix meaning ‘full of; like’). Verbōsus is derived from verbum (“word”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to say, speak”)) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of, overly, prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns). Equivalent to verb + -ose.

der

You should use verbose logging sparingly. Turning on verbose logging for every process would result in log files so large they would become useless.

2001, Richard Blum, “Common Postfix Problems”, in Postfix, Indianapolis, Ind.: Sams Publishing, →ISBN, part III (Advanced Postfix Server Topics), page 532:

Verbose logging adds extra detail and increases the descriptiveness of the log entries made. Verbose logging also adds one additional client log file that is specific to DCM, SmsClrHost.log, and one management point log file, MP_GetSdmPackage.log.

2009, Kerrie Meyler, Byron Holt, Greg Ramsey [et al.], “Desired Configuration Management”, in System Center Configuration Manager 2007 Unleashed, Indianapolis, Ind.: Sams Publishing, →ISBN, part III (Configuration Manager Operations):

For troubleshooting purposes, enable verbose logging for the WUA by following these steps: [...]

2015, Andre Della Monica, Chris Shilt, Russ Rimmerman, Rushi Faldu, “Understanding Software Update Architecture: Client Side”, in Mitch Tulloch, editor, Microsoft System Center: Software Update Management Field Experience, Redmond, Wash.: Microsoft Press, →ISBN, page 19:

(computing) Producing detailed output for diagnostic purposes.

ausführlich

(computing) producing detailed output for diagnostic purposes


EDT

(software) An editor on the VMS operating system.


EDT

en-noun

EDT (countable and uncountable, plural EDTs)

An EDT is a special case of ADT where each product type is a singleton.

2021, Martin Odersky et al., chapter 19, in Programming in Scala, 5th edition, Artima, →ISBN:

(programming) Initialism of enumerated data type.


acknowledgment

acknowledgment (countable and uncountable, plural acknowledgments)

acknowledgement

most common British spelling, also sometimes used in the US

(telecommunications, computing, networking) A response (ACK) sent by a receiver to indicate successful receipt of a transmission (See Wikipedia article on transmission).

ontvangstbevestiging

indication of a successful receipt of a transmission


editor

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-editor.wav

From Medieval Latin ēditor, from Late Latin ēditor, from ēditus, perfect passive participle of ēdō (“give out, put forth, publish”).

The TPU EVE editor is an excellent, extensible, programmable editor.

(computing) A program for creating and making changes to files, especially text files.


MPEG

(computer graphics) Any of a group of computer file formats for the compression and storage of digital video and audio data.

(computer graphics) A computer file (as of a movie) in an MPEG format.


screenshot

→ Dutch: screenshot

→ German: Screenshot

→ Italian: screenshot

desc

→ Japanese: スクリーンショット (sukurīnshotto), スクショ (sukusho)

→ Korean: 스크린샷 (seukeurinsyat), 스샷 (seusyat)

→ Portuguese: screenshot

→ Russian: скриншо́т (skrinšót), скри́ншот (skrínšot)

→ Thai: สกรีนช็อต (sà-griin-chɔ́t)

→ Ukrainian: скріншот (skrinšot), скрін (skrin)

From screen + shot (“(photography) single unbroken sequence of photographic exposures”).

compound

I grabbed a screenshot of my desktop.

(computing) An image of computer or smartphone screen output at a given moment in time.


screenshot

en-verb

screenshot (third-person singular simple present screenshots, present participle screenshotting, simple past and past participle screenshotted or (less common) screenshot)

screenshots (present singular third-person)
screenshotting (participle present)
screenshotted (participle past)
screenshotted (past)
screenshot (participle past uncommon)
screenshot (past uncommon)

To help to improve the software, make sure to screenshot any bugs you find.

Northern has made it harder for fraudsters to cheat checks on barcode season tickets. The operator has made it impossible for people to screenshot tickets from within the Northern app and then share the tickets for others to use.

2023 February 22, “Network News: Northern thwarts barcode cheats”, in RAIL, number 977, page 25:

It was one of the funnier, somewhat surprising screw-ups we’d seen from Gemini, which like all publicly available artificial intelligence tools is prone to what the tech industry calls “hallucinations.” He screenshot the answer so that we could have a laugh about it, and then scrolled down to find the first non-sponsored, non-AI search result: an entry from one of the most reliable places on the internet, Wikipedia.

2025 January 14, Allison Morrow, “In a minefield of glitchy AI search and social media, Wikipedia becomes one of the most reliable places on the internet”, in CNN:

(computing, transitive) To take a screenshot of something.


material

en-noun

material (countable and uncountable, plural materials)

From Middle English material, from Late Latin māteriālis, from Latin māteria (“wood, material, substance”), from māter (“mother”). Displaced native Middle English andweorc, andwork (“material, matter”) (from Old English andweorc (“matter, substance, material”)). Doublet of materiel.

ncog

(graphical user interface) An element of a design language associated with a certain style of rendering on the display.


porter

From Middle English porter, portere, portier, borrowed from Anglo-Norman portour and Old French porteor, from Late Latin portātor, from past participle of Latin portāre (“to carry”). By surface analysis, port (“to carry”) + -er.

surf

[…] useful only if you are a Perl porter or implementor and you want to check the efficiency of the hashing algorithm.

1998, Michael McMillan, Perl from the Ground Up, page 45:

(computing) One who ports software (makes it usable on another platform).


record

→ Portuguese: recorde

From Middle English recorde, borrowed from Old French record, from recorder. See record (verb).

Pull up the record on John Smith. What's his medical history?

(computing) A set of data relating to a single individual or item.

سِجِلّ

computing: set of data relating to a single individual or item

This chapter examines another data structure, the record (available in Pascal but not in all other high-level languages). Records make it easier to organize and represent information in Pascal, a major reason for the popularity of the Pascal[…]

1989, Elliot B. Koffman, Pascal: Problem Solving and Program Design, Addison-Wesley, →ISBN, page 406:

The new record type provides another solution. A record is a class-like construct for data classes, a restricted form of class like enums and annotations.

2020, Ian F. Darwin, Java Cookbook, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 232:

A record is a special kind of class that's designed to work well with immutable (readonly) data.

2021, Joseph Albahari, C# 9.0 in a Nutshell, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 210:

programming language
programming language

(programming) A data structure similar to a struct, in some programming languages such as C and Java based on classes and designed for storing immutable data.

tietue

if distinct from structs, the latter are called arvoluokka


jail

en-noun

jail (countable and uncountable, plural jails)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: जेल (jel)

Urdu: جیل (jel)

→ Punjabi: ਜੇਲ੍ਹ (jelh)

→ Welsh: jêl, jael

From Middle English gayole, gaylle, gaille, gayle, gaile, via Old French gaiole, gayolle, gaole, from Medieval Latin gabiola, for Late Latin caveola, a diminutive of Latin cavea (“cavity, coop, cage”). Doublet of caveola and related to cage. More at cajole.

(computing, FreeBSD, usually uncountable) A kind of sandbox for running a guest operating system instance.


WAN

Message latency is much more of an issue on a WAN than on a LAN.

wide area network
wide area network#English

(networking) Acronym of wide area network.


stripe

From Middle English stripe, strype, from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German strîpe, from Proto-West Germanic *strīpā, *strīpō, from Proto-Germanic *strīpô. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Striepe (“stripe, strip”), West Frisian stripe (“stripe”), Dutch streep (“stripe”), German Low German Striepe, Striep, Streep (“stripe”), German Streifen (“stripe, strip, band”), Danish stribe (“stripe”).

cog

(computing) A portion of data distributed across several separate physical disks for the sake of redundancy.


stripe

en-verb

stripe (third-person singular simple present stripes, present participle striping, simple past and past participle striped)

stripes (present singular third-person)
striping (participle present)
striped (participle past)
striped (past)

(transitive, computing) To distribute data across several separate physical disks to reduce the time to read and write.


prepend

prepend (third-person singular simple present prepends, present participle prepending, simple past and past participle prepended)

prepends (present singular third-person)
prepending (participle present)
prepended (participle past)
prepended (past)

From pre- + (ap)pend, back-formation from append.

The final cleaned assemblies in GenBank were downloaded, and the contig identifiers were pre-pended with the sample name and haplotype integer (where 1 = paternal and 2 = maternal).

2023 May 11, Wen-Wei LiaoMobin AsriJana Ebleret al., “A draft human pangenome reference”, in Nature, volume 617, →DOI:

(computing, linguistics, transitive) To attach (an expression, phrase, etc.) to another, as a prefix.

antaŭglui

to attach (an expression, phrase, etc.) to another, as a prefix


delegation

en-noun

delegation (countable and uncountable, plural delegations)

/dɛlɪˈɡeɪʃən/

Borrowed from Latin dēlēgātiō, dēlēgātiōnis, from dēlēgō: compare French délégation.

(computing) A method-dispatching technique describing the lookup and inheritance rules for self-referential calls.

delegointi

(computing) a method dispatching technique


style

style (countable and uncountable, plural styles)

→ Finnish: staili

→ Scottish Gaelic: stoidhle

→ Iban: stail

→ Japanese: スタイル (sutairu)

→ Korean: 스타일 (seutail)

→ Malay: stail

→ Portuguese: style

→ Swahili: staili

The noun is derived from Middle English stile, stel, stele, stiel, stiele, stil, still, stille, styele, style, styill, styll, styyl (“writing tool, stylus; piece of written work; characteristic mode of expression, particularly one regarded as high quality; demeanour, manner, way of life; person's designation or title; stem of a plant; period of time”), from Old French style, estile, stil, stile (modern French style), or from Medieval Latin stylus, both from Latin stilus (“pointed instrument, pale, spike, stake; writing tool, stylus; act of setting down in writing, composition; characteristic mode of expression, style; stem of a plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp; to pierce, prick, puncture, stab; to goad”). Doublet of stylus.
The English word is cognate with Catalan estil (“engraving tool, stylus; gnomon; manner of doing something, style; fashionable skill, grace”), German Stiel (“handle; stalk”), Italian stilo (“needle, stylus; fountain pen; beam; gnomon; part of pistil, style”), Occitan estil, Portuguese estilo (“writing tool, stylus; manner of doing something, style”), Spanish estilo (“writing tool, stylus; manner of doing something, style; fashionable skill, grace; part of pistil, style”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

styl

manner of expression in writing or speech

styl

applying styles to text in a wordprocessor  Cascading Style Sheets

In today's assignment, you need to: [...] Right justify your heading in 12 point Helvetica font and plain text style.

2001, Dee L. Fabry, Sally A. Seier, “Speaking, Technology, Analysis, and Reading through Research”, in Opening Doors to Reading: Building School-to-work Skills, Englewood, Colo.: Teacher Ideas Press, Libraries Unlimited, →ISBN, page 64:

The concept of creating styles has been around since long before the Web. Desktop publishing programs, such as Adobe InDesign, and even word processing programs, such as Microsoft Word, have long used styles to manage the formatting and editing of text on printed pages.

2011, Janine Warner, “Cascading Style Sheets”, in Dreamweaver CS3 for Dummies, New York, N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:

A particular manner of creating, doing, or presenting something, especially a work of architecture or art.

(computing) A visual or other modification to text or other elements of a document, such as boldface or italics.

kāhua

visual or other modification to text or elements of a document


waterfall

/ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/

From Middle English waterfal, waterfalle, from Old English wæterġefeall (“waterfall”), equivalent to water + fall. Cognate with West Frisian wetterfal (“waterfall”), Dutch waterval (“waterfall”), German Wasserfall (“waterfall”), Swedish vattenfall (“waterfall”).

വെള്ളച്ചാട്ടം

veḷḷaccāṭṭaṁ

A very long duration project […] had taken a whole group of people through a painful waterfall development process.

(technical, computing, slang) Waterfall model


BOM

balm (some speakers with the father-bother merger)


wrap

en-verb

wrap (third-person singular simple present wraps, present participle wrapping, simple past and past participle wrapped or (archaic) wrapt)

wraps (present singular third-person)
wrapping (participle present)
wrapped (participle past)
wrapped (past)
wrapt (archaic participle past)
wrapt (archaic past)

From Middle English wrappen (“to wrap, fold”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to North Frisian wrappe (“to press into; stop up”), dialectal Danish vrappe (“to stuff, cram”), Middle Low German rincworpen (“to envelop, wrap”), Middle Low German wrempen (“to wrinkle, scrunch the face”), all perhaps tied to Proto-Indo-European *werp-, *werb- (“to turn, twist, bend”).
Compare also similar-sounding and similar-meaning Middle English wlappen (“to wrap, lap, envelop, fold”), Middle Dutch lappen (“to wrap up”), Old Italian goluppare (“to wrap”) (from Germanic). Doublet of lap; related to envelop, develop. Also compare Latin verber (“whip, lash”).

cog

(computing, transitive) To make functionality available through a software wrapper.


structure

en-noun

structure (countable and uncountable, plural structures)

/ˈstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/

[ˈstʃɹɐktʃə]

From Middle French structure, from Latin structūra (“a fitting together, adjustment, building, erection, a building, edifice, structure”), from struere, past participle structus (“pile up, arrange, assemble, build”). Compare construct, instruct, destroy, etc.

der

This structure contains both date and timezone information.

(computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit.

struktur

computing: several pieces of data treated as a unit


industry

en-noun

industry (countable and uncountable, plural industries)

From Middle English industry, industrie, from Old French industrie, from Latin industria (“diligence, activity, industry”), from industrius (“diligent, active, zealous”), from Old Latin indostruus (“diligent, active”); origin unknown. Perhaps from indu (“in”) + ūst-, ūstr-, stem of ūrō (“burn, burn up, consume”, verb), related to Old High German ūstrī (“industry”), Old English andūstrian (“to hate, detest”, literally “to be consumed with zeal”).

cog

It is a classical and restricted view both of industry (it excludes service sectors, now 70% of the GDP of developed economies)[…]

2007, Dominique Guellec with Bruno van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie, The economics of the European patent system, page 122:

(Europe software patent law) Automated production of material goods.


property

en-noun

property (countable and uncountable, plural properties)

From Middle English propertee, properte, propirte, proprete, borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Old French propreté, proprieté (“propriety, fitness, property”), from Latin proprietās (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”). Equivalent to proper + -ty. Doublet of propriety.

خَاصَّة

attribute or abstract quality associated with an object, individual or concept

characteristic

attribute or abstract quality of an object

You need to set the debugging property to "verbose".

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming

(computing) An editable or read-only parameter associated with an application, component or class; especially (object-oriented programming) one that encapsulates an underlying variable.

propietat

computing: an editable parameter associated with an application

egenskab c (property often used untranslated)


relation

en-noun

relation (countable and uncountable, plural relations)

From Middle English relacion, relacioun, from Anglo-Norman relacioun and Old French relacion (whence French relation), from Latin relātiō, noun of process form from perfect passive participle relātus (“related”), from verb referō (“I refer, I relate”), from prefix re- (“again”) + ferō (“I bear, I carry”). By surface analysis, relate + -ion. Doublet of relazione.

關係 /关系

mathematics: set of ordered tuples, a Boolean function of two or more arguments

This relation uses the customer's social security number as a key.

(databases) A set of ordered tuples retrievable by a relational database; a table.

關係 /关系

set of ordered tuples retrievable by a database

(category theory) A subobject of a product of objects.


target

→ Japanese: ターゲット (tāgetto)

From Middle French targette, targuete, diminutive of targe (“light shield”), from Old French, from Frankish *targa (“buckler”), akin to Old Norse targa (“small round shield”) (whence also Old English targe, targa (“shield”)) from Proto-Germanic *targǭ (“edge”), from Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”). Akin to Old High German zarga (“side wall, rim”) (German Zarge (“frame”)), Spanish tarjeta (“card”).

cog

Coordinate term: source

(mathematics, category theory) The codomain of a function; the object at which a morphism points.


target

en-verb

target (third-person singular simple present targets, present participle targeting or targetting, simple past and past participle targeted or targetted)

targets (present singular third-person)
targeting (participle present)
targetting (participle present)
targeted (participle past)
targeted (past)
targetted (participle past)
targetted (past)

This cross-platform compiler can target any of several processors.

(transitive, computing) To produce code suitable for.


orphan

Late Middle English, from Late Latin orphanus, from Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “without parents, fatherless”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos.
 PIE word
 *h₃órbʰos
Cognate with Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha), Latin orbus (“orphaned”), Old High German erbi, arbi (German Erbe (“heir”)), Old English ierfa (“heir”). More at erf.

weeskind

person whose (parent or) parents have died

anak yatim (who has lost father, literally means orphan child)

An orphan isn't harmful in a language that has garbage collection, such as Java. However, reducing the number of orphans can be expected to improve code performance.

2003, David D. Riley, The Object of Data Abstraction and Structures Using Java, page 234:


orphan

en-verb

orphan (third-person singular simple present orphans, present participle orphaning, simple past and past participle orphaned)

orphans (present singular third-person)
orphaning (participle present)
orphaned (participle past)
orphaned (past)
orphan (infinitive)

When you removed that image tag, you orphaned the resized icon.

Removing categories orphans pages from the main category tree.

(transitive, computing) To make unavailable, as by removing the last remaining pointer or reference to.


layer

Appears at first glance to be from Middle English leyer, leyare (“a layer of stones or bricks”), equivalent to lay + -er. In which case, ultimately identical to the other word below that is also spelt layer.
However, this word layer (referring to a thickness of a material covering a surface) has long been argued to be from a respelling of an obsolete sense of the word lair that was once used by farmers, which had to do with soil. The connecting sense between the usual meaning of lair and the specialised farming meaning was: an area where cows typically rest, the ground being fertilised by their waste. Related to lie, ledger.

пцум

single thickness of some material covering a surface

(computer graphics, by analogy to a stack of transparencies) One in a stack of (initially transparent) drawing surfaces that comprise an image; used to keep elements of an image separate so that they can be modified independently from one another.

(networking) One of the seven network switch pieces in the Open Systems Interconnection model: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical.

(computing) An alternative keymap accessed through a modifier key or toggle.


hacker

From Late Middle English hackere, hakker, hakkere (“one who cuts wood, woodchopper, woodcutter; (rare) tool for cutting wood”), from hakken, hacke (“to cut (something) with a chopping action, hack; to make a chopping action”) + -er(e) (suffix forming agent nouns). Hakken is derived from Old English *haccian (“to hack”), from Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn (“to chop, hack”), from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop, hack”), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- (“to be sharp; a handle; a hook; a peg”). The English word may be analysed as hack (“to chop or cut down in a rough manner”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).

hacker

one who uses a computer to gain unauthorized access to data stored in, or to carry out malicious attacks on, computer networks or computer systems

ха́кер

one who is expert at programming and solving problems with a computer

hakkuri

something that hacks; device or tool for hacking

The Electrical Engineering Department, J. McKenzie in particular, for allowing me to use the PDP-1 computer to do the extensive computations, draw graphs, and even type this thesis. In this connection Charles Landau did some of the programming, Luella Thompson did most of the typing, and W. B. Ackermann helped when the machine would not cooperate. Many other computer hackers also willingly offered advice.

1968 September, Rory [Jack] Thompson, Louis N[orberg] Howard, thesis supervisor, “Acknowledgments”, in Instabilities of Some Time-dependent Flows (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation), Cambridge, Mass.: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-09-23, page 107:

A hacker starts with nothing but a dream and a floppy disk and presently finds himself in a business that's doubled and trebled. Three "diskzines" – magazines on floppy disks – started cheaply by entrepreneurs who placed ads in obscure computer journals […]

1984, Venture: For Entrepreneurial Business Owners and Investors, volume 6, part 1, New York, N.Y.: Venture Magazine, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 142:

While most hackers are people who simply love playing with computers and who break security measures in a network only for fun or to point out flaws, there is a malicious subset of hackers known as "crackers," who intrude on computer networks to cause damage, commit fraud, or steal data.

1995 May 22, Joe Chidley, “Cracking the Net”, in Maclean’s, volume 108, Toronto, Ont.: Maclean-Hunter Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 54–56; quoted in “Bibliography”, in Suzanne Elizabeth Kender, editor, Crime in America (The Reference Shelf; volume 68, number 5), New York, N.Y.: H[alsey] W[illiam] Wilson Company, 1996, →ISBN, page 197:

(computing, dated) One who is expert at programming and solving problems with a computer.

food hacker

growth hacker

(by extension) One who applies a novel method, shortcut, skill, or trick to something to increase ease, efficiency, or productivity.

hakkeri

one who applies a novel method, etc., to something to increase ease, efficiency, or productivity


level

en-noun

level (countable and uncountable, plural levels)

→ German: Level

→ Irish: leibhéal

desctree

→ Japanese: レベル (reberu)
→ Korean: 레벨 (rebel)

→ Welsh: lefel

From Middle English level, from Old French livel, liveau m, later nivel, niveau, from Latin libella f (“a balance, a level”), diminutive of libra f (“a balance, a level”); see libra, librate. Doublet of libella and niveau.
The verb is from Middle English levelen, from the noun.

(computer science) Distance from the root node of a tree structure.

taso

computer science: distance from the root node of a tree structure


res

Coordinate term: hi-res

Can I get that in a higher res?

(computing) Clipping of resolution (of a computer display or image).


rich

en-adj

rich (comparative richer or more rich, superlative richest or most rich)

richer (comparative)
more rich (comparative)
richest (superlative)
most rich (superlative)

From Middle English riche (“strong, powerful, rich”), from Old English rīċe (“powerful, mighty, great, high-ranking, rich, wealthy, strong, potent”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīkī (“powerful, rich”), from Proto-Germanic *rīkijaz (“kingly, powerful, rich”), from Proto-Germanic *rīks (“king, ruler”), an early borrowing from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs. Reinforced by Old French riche, from the same West Germanic source.

inh

it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God

A skilled multimedia developer will have no problems adding interactive video and audio into existing rich media web pages.

2002, David Austerberry, The Technology of Video and Audio Streaming:

Some rich text email messages contain formatting information that's best viewed with Microsoft Word.

2003, Patricia Cardoza, Patricia DiGiacomo, Using Microsoft Office Outlook 2003:

But what did matter was that the new web platform provided a rich experience.

2008, Aaron Newman, Adam Steinberg, Jeremy Thomas, Enterprise 2.0 Implementation:

(computing) Elaborate, having complex formatting, multimedia, or depth of interaction.